{"meta":{"query_hash":"6fb1f226b602","filters":{"topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies"},"cohort_total":1589,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1589,"exported":1589,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/6fb1f226b602","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Membrane+Separation+Technologies"},"results":[{"id":"W1043854173","doi":"10.1007/698_2014_318","title":"Trace Organic Contaminants Removal by Combined Processes for Wastewater Reuse","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The handbook of environmental chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Wastewater; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Membrane bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Reuse; Activated carbon; Environmentally friendly; Industrial wastewater treatment; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Adsorption; Membrane; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.007645651427467743,"score_gpt":0.19044930658035047,"score_spread":0.18280365515288274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1043854173","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02873259,0.5926585,0.1423511,0.001332544,0.004202906,0.0002359316,0.0009960477,0.0014194722,0.22807099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06684164,0.28474885,0.09811733,0.0009424373,0.0012447947,0.00019957068,0.0022424473,0.0006517069,0.5450112],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970526,0.00001451823,0.000011834076,0.000047633508,0.00019577343,0.000025010819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999467,0.000013762154,0.0000050242434,0.000005371931,0.000023754277,0.000005373258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016054597,0.0010309082,0.0011990629,0.0012797695,0.0003529095,0.00163397,0.001331871,0.0008166163,0.010524711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017647402,0.00054136623,0.0007924745,0.0023353393,0.00022282198,0.002095809,0.0010637013,0.0017281849,0.009954773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007079245,0.00036711775,0.000117300624,0.0023779396,0.00009125385,0.0002031235,0.00011555277,0.0013275637,0.28809476,0.008876141,0.036868278,0.6614902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014959555,0.00027014228,0.00050479866,0.0003051083,0.00008038387,0.0011487379,0.00006161682,0.0025033928,0.2572278,0.006650848,0.7311878,0.00004443658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047710718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014671806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010524711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047676897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004548916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.035208702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1201483785","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2015.058","title":"Anaerobic membrane bioreactor for high-strength wastewater treatment: batch and continuous operation comparison","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane reactor; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.028372406342832907,"score_gpt":0.267630912512137,"score_spread":0.23925850616930408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1201483785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98790735,0.0030046313,0.007521994,0.00007953485,0.000059370574,0.00006182861,0.00024085844,0.00013446099,0.0009899911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98634976,0.002122207,0.009596351,0.000043979377,0.000024876586,0.00006453739,0.00040791763,0.000027273842,0.001363003],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933463,0.000119569995,0.00007480445,0.000095850315,0.00031267095,0.00006243848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957305,0.0001043313,0.0000655978,0.0000402304,0.00015289416,0.000063855805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007734984,0.00044142312,0.00078128045,0.00045348477,0.00033953428,0.0006672538,0.00055127067,0.000545973,0.0007352018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006015122,0.00017850894,0.0006031426,0.0004687137,0.00013256655,0.0006567896,0.00028240564,0.0005613102,0.00033983172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011853027,0.00049785106,0.0012093846,0.00029174244,0.000032573374,0.0000484937,0.00003945007,0.0005783707,0.9796737,0.000041280324,0.00008422582,0.016317533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008386328,0.0050557344,0.020554282,0.000024256798,0.00012612561,0.00024322272,0.0000985357,0.006709965,0.96491,0.000044782693,0.0021031515,0.000046127465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003774056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004137301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003774056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052671676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048454042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007504165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W144616248","doi":"10.2166/wst.2012.309","title":"Removal mechanisms of 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol in membrane bioreactors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biodegradation; Ethinylestradiol; Chemistry; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Estrogen; Membrane bioreactor; Activated carbon; Membrane; Wastewater; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Biology; Endocrinology; Population; Environmental science","score_opus":0.012304064341954201,"score_gpt":0.2332771969041914,"score_spread":0.22097313256223722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W144616248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99684167,0.00081993913,0.0017978371,0.00008864088,0.000019291398,0.000017435425,0.000093766655,0.00002700325,0.00029451365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99457693,0.0012008413,0.0025035918,0.00004944757,0.000010306226,0.000034882705,0.00016483343,0.000010229349,0.0014489836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995851,0.00007898368,0.000039943854,0.00007002814,0.00014149633,0.000084565094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998079,0.000045916146,0.00004283808,0.000011444527,0.00007097437,0.00002111769],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048807947,0.00046362422,0.0005954204,0.00021859151,0.00034585787,0.0006109905,0.0003922412,0.00063007796,0.00028243018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042701917,0.0002380364,0.000500861,0.00020543857,0.00020300652,0.0004851736,0.0002853552,0.00046165273,0.00027173097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067157715,0.000016224216,0.00043198132,0.00004071154,0.0000075114112,0.000041977793,0.000018239321,0.00026395562,0.9981529,0.000020581707,0.00001283867,0.00092595787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001111415,0.00016440923,0.0023100113,0.0000055641467,0.000019559773,0.00006152119,0.000080018974,0.0027332883,0.99388474,0.00003098068,0.00068950263,0.000009225806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007079012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045380807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007079012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00078374974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005710881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014075577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1461679908","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.09.019","title":"Minimizing structural parameter of thin film composite forward osmosis membranes using polysulfone/halloysite nanotubes as membrane substrates","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Halloysite; Polysulfone; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Concentration polarization; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.03467255536795146,"score_gpt":0.2800904380095351,"score_spread":0.24541788264158362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1461679908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99781173,0.00014692092,0.0014398952,0.00001879978,0.0000102265185,0.0000033235017,0.000031898424,0.000024239307,0.0005129751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99718094,0.00012211366,0.0019233447,0.0000066479633,0.0000028850802,0.0000044591297,0.00005544724,0.0000087124545,0.00069547346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999342,0.0000051807638,0.0000039824176,0.000016427482,0.00002828627,0.0000119601755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991286,0.000018166433,0.000021797578,0.000009207109,0.00002947719,0.000008461085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011098128,0.00020021075,0.000121575395,0.00012439143,0.00020555829,0.00022280052,0.00020133927,0.00026352133,0.0006864655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014257575,0.00014018707,0.00014013493,0.00011712668,0.000092285154,0.00032568723,0.000110153516,0.00025329448,0.00017602212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025848482,0.0000039440524,0.00008725177,0.000013088458,0.0000014090447,0.000010099799,0.000004984119,0.00011715027,0.9991549,0.000044382447,0.000014876666,0.0005220648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015032606,0.000026670235,0.0004845604,0.0000010149013,0.0000028010033,0.000011842071,0.000006820639,0.0007374237,0.9985373,0.000007918202,0.00018074947,0.0000012983879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043677678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013990205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006864655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024495667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016434836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022964478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481626880","doi":"10.7202/1006478ar","title":"État actuel des connaissances des procédés de bioréacteur à membrane pour le traitement et la réutilisation des eaux usées industrielles et urbaines","year":2011,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Forestry; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.1900913940921557,"score_gpt":0.33615998108901535,"score_spread":0.14606858699685965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1481626880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98376656,0.0037600542,0.01019297,0.00010322415,0.00011380676,0.000044822853,0.00025669872,0.00015166457,0.001610211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98274463,0.0022869648,0.00934826,0.000061800885,0.000023559383,0.000095193915,0.00026030565,0.00003664764,0.0051426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935967,0.000079404774,0.000036239577,0.00016916647,0.00027958452,0.00007595341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993699,0.00017348028,0.00009914375,0.00005744461,0.00027170038,0.000028283222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086856104,0.00053849816,0.000589708,0.000410941,0.00046211327,0.0009233064,0.00037820463,0.00094910176,0.0020447166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010403394,0.00028098573,0.0008341812,0.00038600893,0.00028005178,0.0007911039,0.0003394744,0.0004093091,0.0006520685],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055189664,0.00005826294,0.0017956103,0.00022798683,0.000025463074,0.00007780793,0.0001094993,0.0014825255,0.976014,0.000091156086,0.00011712836,0.019448642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001763591,0.001733144,0.013479428,0.000023804994,0.00005122712,0.0000957128,0.000164409,0.008638705,0.9707638,0.00007098737,0.004926288,0.00003479216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031462123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033885061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031462123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077630556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003350913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006840229},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1488978869","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.02.5","title":"A Pilot-Plant Test of a Membrane Bioreactor with a Novel Membrane Made from Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) and Hydroxy-Propyl Cellulose","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride; Membrane; Vinyl chloride; Cellulose; Chemistry; Polyvinyl chloride; Chloride; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.021447091610589702,"score_gpt":0.23970071459929024,"score_spread":0.21825362298870055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1488978869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954175,0.0001845925,0.0033384066,0.00008350107,0.000057778096,0.00019812006,0.00024358659,0.00011012329,0.00036647322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99005485,0.00030517444,0.0077567375,0.000085946594,0.000018849465,0.00016991657,0.0004378507,0.000019980122,0.0011506696],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950826,0.00010699008,0.000045942455,0.00011660763,0.0001359056,0.00008619783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932456,0.00027356573,0.000087379674,0.00006563856,0.00014680167,0.000102211765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061305834,0.0008978071,0.0008390801,0.00026005748,0.00050901575,0.00044092303,0.0008103908,0.0013645438,0.0008662492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059852615,0.00026653148,0.0010412793,0.00027821923,0.00025375324,0.0004753989,0.00036170435,0.0009337261,0.00035515017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004775515,0.00094854744,0.00056598993,0.00016063219,0.000034904824,0.00016682934,0.00004674989,0.00032534954,0.995462,0.000020037773,0.00004589746,0.0017455944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000945812,0.01062207,0.0038797988,0.000009507247,0.0000694546,0.00017641016,0.000068893336,0.0014531836,0.9831524,0.000017689441,0.00043775962,0.000018229308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002489255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016477869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002489255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030475273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039565586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049495697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1490324719","doi":"10.1002/9781118904855.ch1","title":"Introduction to Desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nalco (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Water desalination; Environmental science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00789276433928088,"score_gpt":0.24166867120934835,"score_spread":0.23377590687006747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1490324719","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007138305,0.0072129644,0.008380186,0.0036982817,0.0052955463,0.00013374753,0.0016078698,0.0010112979,0.9719463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0034125394,0.006920605,0.0035209942,0.0011299135,0.0010242738,0.00006632483,0.0011452244,0.0004045212,0.9823757],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998855,0.000107204614,0.000047402835,0.00016838653,0.000682035,0.00013995725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918205,0.000106538995,0.00004025349,0.00011952267,0.00039450027,0.0001571066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011367244,0.0011950538,0.00063357817,0.0025413649,0.0012623294,0.0035973948,0.0012023402,0.0014804848,0.24785343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018510742,0.0003223815,0.00057619065,0.0025559037,0.0009820374,0.0029616684,0.0023239064,0.0021422368,0.13497366],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000457862,0.00009024719,0.0001460287,0.00031280055,0.0000041581734,0.000051725157,0.000049038943,0.0004352649,0.0014735913,0.04074006,0.6158505,0.3408009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016076025,0.000007615632,0.00013009057,0.000035119683,8.442001e-7,0.00002600296,0.000009563062,0.000066982524,0.0003542184,0.0032379974,0.9961265,0.0000033151114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005094095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008954041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24785343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019970378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035817334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82915235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1491770197","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.025","title":"Impact of FeCl3 dosing on AnMBR treatment of municipal wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Biofouling; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.18177250317295177,"score_gpt":0.4175087126234312,"score_spread":0.23573620945047943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1491770197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99736756,0.00032233968,0.00027581878,0.000091433016,0.00003563879,0.000019841442,0.00018390568,0.000029924358,0.0016734697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99726534,0.00023245471,0.00044091462,0.00006626994,0.000007602317,0.0000056157423,0.000115886076,0.000011496422,0.0018543346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994337,0.00012265675,0.00005145457,0.00005946086,0.00019168775,0.00014099259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965286,0.000116172596,0.00004367492,0.000025303274,0.00013253264,0.000029478015],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035589535,0.00027438847,0.000412978,0.00025073026,0.00048168414,0.0007860958,0.00030795703,0.0008025473,0.002160445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00078126707,0.00012914928,0.0004076246,0.00021141313,0.0002225621,0.00032061632,0.00029876517,0.00044384168,0.0004980642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002449655,0.00017053522,0.0012964514,0.00015987152,0.000029886663,0.00013625523,0.000080442594,0.0009958717,0.983352,0.00007318691,0.00022768788,0.011028132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014066638,0.0007069674,0.0035034055,0.000012475871,0.000027909216,0.000035994522,0.00008527776,0.0012972638,0.9930734,0.000027671513,0.0012077048,0.000007736404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012835985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010627698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012835985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00088832196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006566066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02552253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1515974075","doi":"10.1016/s1871-2711(09)00209-8","title":"Chapter 9 Membrane Bioreactors: Theory and Applications to Wastewater Reuse","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Sustainability science and engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Wastewater reuse; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006866496141390821,"score_gpt":0.21983489011124638,"score_spread":0.21296839396985556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1515974075","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0036384983,0.14061098,0.06293564,0.0032276742,0.0105016,0.0001847743,0.00061465683,0.00071211945,0.77757406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008523056,0.072703235,0.0154425,0.0010142985,0.00121538,0.00013527385,0.0004526714,0.00025085642,0.9002628],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.999846,0.000010260852,0.0000078597095,0.00003481725,0.000085855245,0.00001526594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994195,0.000015789179,0.000003878704,0.000005403402,0.000026374859,0.000006613306],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013565253,0.0009065731,0.00070319633,0.0011245598,0.00071057724,0.0019035047,0.0010047485,0.001224544,0.03776647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021432483,0.00038036396,0.00072215166,0.0012971263,0.0004596607,0.0018814516,0.0008076263,0.0016607866,0.018585363],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004931987,0.0002891048,0.00010985514,0.0017515002,0.00002524392,0.00020895887,0.00032122908,0.0030553814,0.024656724,0.14176767,0.25994778,0.5678172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031163772,0.000021882532,0.00012613261,0.00025522365,0.000008610332,0.00017301818,0.000043017964,0.000653165,0.0046860264,0.020499801,0.973519,0.000010872693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010032252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002407347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03776647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010569033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010318967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12634146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1519605823","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.75","title":"Development of Novel Membranes Based on Electro–spun Nanofibers and Their Application in Liquid Filtration, Membrane Distillation and Membrane Adsorption","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Desalination; Membrane distillation; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Electrospinning; Cellulose acetate; Bacterial cellulose; Polysulfone; Synthetic membrane; Polymer; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Cellulose; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011593160731315243,"score_gpt":0.2443067621764183,"score_spread":0.23271360144510306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1519605823","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87700015,0.021746641,0.091597915,0.0008152222,0.0005458189,0.00034051322,0.0005622569,0.0009846482,0.006406816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8708569,0.01326903,0.10221756,0.00043498757,0.00025007696,0.00034669088,0.000508551,0.00012416739,0.011991948],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985826,0.000011154919,0.000011578966,0.000037330625,0.00006327363,0.000018384584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985874,0.000024945975,0.000047442238,0.000009692546,0.000037034974,0.000022042184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025438718,0.00043557907,0.00036033112,0.00047278978,0.00026134204,0.00037238345,0.000408276,0.0010617044,0.0007256787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021428171,0.0002766243,0.0005248672,0.00022507273,0.00024752793,0.0011130011,0.00023118663,0.0007661482,0.00047702555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010399401,0.00002095994,0.000032467662,0.00009351779,0.0000049267323,0.00007847324,0.00001653422,0.00009874621,0.9971718,0.00019496692,0.00005924301,0.0022180332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007787727,0.00014425958,0.0008011255,0.000011672681,0.000010310254,0.0003293527,0.000011490956,0.0011002347,0.99319386,0.00006634078,0.004310726,0.000012850301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031449195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005060023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010617044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032332673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015784692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024276376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1525335862","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.10.050","title":"Development of antifouling thin-film-composite membranes for seawater desalination","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Seawater; Chemistry; Contact angle; Materials science; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.01736264597029745,"score_gpt":0.27593344114550594,"score_spread":0.2585707951752085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1525335862","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9557379,0.003719482,0.03659695,0.00024009148,0.00018046598,0.00018513152,0.00014151826,0.0002752788,0.0029232285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9291666,0.0033603306,0.06168166,0.00011856055,0.000037509293,0.00009223261,0.0002808431,0.00004499094,0.0052172067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999889,0.000011860929,0.000008335439,0.000018597433,0.000052381507,0.000019848852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998741,0.00002022965,0.000016540116,0.000008564988,0.000057362922,0.000023209208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033336235,0.0003921825,0.00028356822,0.00036715824,0.00029247778,0.00038219386,0.0003981269,0.000574333,0.00047181008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028175858,0.00027285976,0.000441078,0.0001358472,0.00013278048,0.00039198893,0.00019873504,0.0005185535,0.00026932042],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017736607,0.00002320891,0.000045274395,0.000033590826,0.0000059141057,0.000018767547,0.0000056615745,0.00015434576,0.9968765,0.000053895732,0.000022705486,0.0027424048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050531476,0.000086936634,0.00026919963,0.0000023741068,0.00000815982,0.000036751375,0.0000036018837,0.0010666063,0.9976361,0.000015248245,0.0008672121,0.0000027490157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085896725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018520587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00085896725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034475033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037638127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025013685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1526815593","doi":"10.1002/pen.24138","title":"Performances of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐<i>co</i>‐hexafluoropropylene) ultrafiltration membranes modified with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hexafluoropropylene; Ultrafiltration (renal); 2-Pyrrolidone; Membrane; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Copolymer; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.015373083241954435,"score_gpt":0.2224581824397459,"score_spread":0.20708509919779147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1526815593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99543035,0.0010791594,0.0031230687,0.000027168295,0.000013193766,0.0000056137496,0.000066826964,0.000041927542,0.0002126687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943037,0.0010311839,0.0039354824,0.00002709945,0.000010029781,0.000014005001,0.00011900958,0.000022907767,0.0005365802],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967384,0.000049746784,0.00002462762,0.00006471889,0.00011118798,0.00007584083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975854,0.00006045571,0.00008244432,0.000015128767,0.00006232311,0.000021031394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042268616,0.00054720696,0.0005565038,0.00020115217,0.0002345324,0.0004870389,0.0003052849,0.0006796415,0.00023930939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040849982,0.00021726334,0.0006604733,0.00021149943,0.00020676306,0.0007091005,0.00016491787,0.00042112987,0.0001638714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057740257,0.000009706773,0.0001144062,0.000031362426,0.0000069416446,0.00001824354,0.000014866235,0.00007779246,0.99888664,0.000013473642,0.0000068598297,0.00076197117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003884225,0.00014546758,0.0021729388,0.0000030187032,0.000017999537,0.00006642921,0.000010928094,0.00068272906,0.9966779,0.000008877507,0.0002034068,0.000006445694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013048906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008593476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013048906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044010358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018213358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031931996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1539519069","doi":"","title":"Extract from Rough Waters","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theatre Research in Canada","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.052701393547797015,"score_gpt":0.31679531724520205,"score_spread":0.26409392369740503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1539519069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8761393,0.013018288,0.026102701,0.0016717693,0.000921197,0.00072053605,0.011402771,0.00041864402,0.06960478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8518808,0.008818041,0.0185162,0.00066708925,0.00022964328,0.00019333772,0.0232002,0.00027478594,0.096220024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971086,0.000017365242,0.000011438801,0.000051300463,0.00008515472,0.00012379038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988914,0.000026684167,0.000010869597,0.000013407167,0.000039139486,0.000020773705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017151627,0.0011018032,0.00052488246,0.0010515202,0.00077195687,0.0006056845,0.00030978807,0.00052397215,0.008002623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029821592,0.00023634237,0.00053024996,0.0008455266,0.00040033067,0.00044102521,0.0006335884,0.0013511138,0.003551311],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004780006,0.00004777773,0.0009956989,0.00019928605,0.000046838522,0.00031298233,0.00018808755,0.00023203176,0.98433393,0.0004334064,0.0008544287,0.011877466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057579517,0.0004974709,0.018488694,0.00011598483,0.000121722514,0.00047574192,0.00053696736,0.0006908445,0.9190606,0.0005703548,0.059345964,0.000038019356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013564051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015666883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013564051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046179138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011933492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026970208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1549790854","doi":"","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated water and wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Macrodynamic Analysis (Memorial University of Newfoundland)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ionic strength; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Zeta potential; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Permeation; Biofouling; Effluent; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005293989486097888,"score_gpt":0.19037105973382412,"score_spread":0.18507707024772624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1549790854","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99435484,0.0016982437,0.003550702,0.000048010716,0.000011530355,0.000009900865,0.00003278502,0.000026912829,0.00026713108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939324,0.0011375868,0.004064701,0.000038388487,0.0000066662883,0.000010542658,0.000054104854,0.000009649489,0.0007460274],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998006,0.00004849459,0.000017547552,0.000033442204,0.0000681568,0.000031717685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999124,0.000017407148,0.000029884975,0.000005860132,0.000023411014,0.000011055344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023294298,0.00036817577,0.00038890736,0.00017745234,0.00020641246,0.00040330927,0.00018992156,0.0003510117,0.00019337922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024268638,0.00009607374,0.00039662264,0.00014059617,0.00014054551,0.00025044833,0.00020669565,0.00025800298,0.000087970344],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029867993,0.000009458985,0.00025039614,0.000055092936,0.0000051739153,0.00003411214,0.000016767579,0.000098103694,0.9978746,0.000013211703,0.0000056034296,0.0016076443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041772446,0.00019856196,0.0024724614,0.0000055663118,0.000014593289,0.00010165761,0.000025919315,0.0008251667,0.99581075,0.000018725506,0.0005168331,0.000005557088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011442951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014044545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011442951,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028416308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022716785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002275288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1557829014","doi":"10.1515/sggw-2015-0003","title":"Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW Land Reclamation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Semtech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Turbidity; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Raw water; Water treatment; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Slurry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.04788829975722373,"score_gpt":0.2500320857239883,"score_spread":0.20214378596676455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1557829014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96219695,0.0020350036,0.03299227,0.00012392683,0.00004607724,0.00007208617,0.000095598254,0.00016920657,0.0022688417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784662,0.0011316817,0.016911497,0.00005271898,0.000011730998,0.000027821781,0.00010989214,0.000024956153,0.003263369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998456,0.000016417052,0.000009621845,0.0000362655,0.000064423875,0.00002752427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999509,0.000007445413,0.000016579905,0.000005825787,0.000014838778,0.0000045247857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000154734,0.00028402873,0.00020346501,0.00022945946,0.00013155724,0.0002516679,0.00017599661,0.0002536964,0.0005692963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001187677,0.00013016134,0.00036306068,0.00019041097,0.00018108886,0.00025505724,0.00024044103,0.00038964863,0.0003218223],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001523018,0.000005613786,0.00009140139,0.000033934142,0.0000035594858,0.000022770553,0.000007880468,0.000062847896,0.99689037,0.000056465262,0.000021440626,0.0027885502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003248218,0.0000629589,0.0008340361,0.000002636736,0.000008927452,0.00008289266,0.000007619004,0.00039323763,0.9971769,0.000019218141,0.0014052424,0.0000030609988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008460008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091725314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008460008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020488398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002412871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001904428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1559723488","doi":"10.5539/jmsr.v4n4p1","title":"Chitosan Nanocomposite Mesoporous Membranes: Mechanical and Barrier Properties as a Function of Temperature","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"American University in Cairo; Academy of Scientific Research and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Nanocomposite; Elongation; Chitosan; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05445695049626493,"score_gpt":0.32508867280598475,"score_spread":0.2706317223097198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1559723488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962297,0.0012788869,0.0014076629,0.000050622508,0.000017904149,0.000012481314,0.00023294972,0.00005424687,0.00071538094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99678314,0.00056520844,0.0013731587,0.000019207711,0.0000061767505,0.000017861348,0.00015333359,0.000013338372,0.0010685876],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998529,0.000010624772,0.000012245305,0.000030860065,0.00006305023,0.000030310168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979633,0.000038708178,0.00007079698,0.000012368125,0.00005895097,0.00002285558],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018200009,0.00031220657,0.00019780964,0.00018693096,0.00017238129,0.0001484187,0.00016546871,0.00027698983,0.00078876596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024680753,0.00014681116,0.00027403294,0.00018190067,0.00011803147,0.00034586547,0.00010114084,0.00035447368,0.00015782163],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004901468,0.000006400769,0.00005973304,0.000025767391,0.0000035876756,0.0000151922395,0.000008142575,0.000043555545,0.9993544,0.000010244849,0.000009946842,0.00041405534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019154159,0.00009536617,0.0014992577,0.0000021822289,0.000006858347,0.00003312224,0.0000098999335,0.00028559242,0.99783105,0.0000042012366,0.00022664362,0.000003865831],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012630612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002748351,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012630612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031790254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001362456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026386976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1571637274","doi":"10.1002/9781118522318.emst125","title":"Application of Membranes in Biotechnology","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Biochemical engineering; Dialysis; Biotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry; Process engineering; Engineering; Biology; Medicine; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Surgery","score_opus":0.0072436670997327365,"score_gpt":0.2266873357887009,"score_spread":0.21944366868896817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1571637274","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.043078396,0.3804911,0.19430116,0.010955551,0.003845672,0.00030607256,0.00058623723,0.0015451211,0.36489066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.35289294,0.38503414,0.12766445,0.0036538055,0.0014246358,0.0003797013,0.0006456295,0.00035889482,0.12794591],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893385,0.00015731071,0.000070073474,0.00017623593,0.0005823804,0.00008010774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970907,0.0000678626,0.00004315473,0.000048587957,0.000105373714,0.00002593887],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010457973,0.0009410743,0.0004716936,0.0019119933,0.0010651189,0.0026119617,0.000767314,0.0019885774,0.0048204395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006801981,0.00032361815,0.000790602,0.0017971813,0.00097118283,0.002265877,0.0020289188,0.0017439415,0.00463293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008630799,0.00012508566,0.0008049686,0.0034551013,0.00006777927,0.0011980438,0.00034682357,0.0020748836,0.3905034,0.10898886,0.016910102,0.47543868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009274428,0.00009479838,0.0005413839,0.00044055146,0.00003274058,0.0016913321,0.000111211906,0.0012197122,0.3205859,0.016405277,0.658831,0.00003680343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000555494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042909148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0048204395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015023391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006604229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016125977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W158234931","doi":"10.11113/amst.v5i1.45","title":"Influence of Surface Modifying Macromolecules (SMMs) on Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes for Water Separations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Macromolecule; Materials science; Polymer; Scanning electron microscope; Ionic bonding; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Ion","score_opus":0.01613626673384666,"score_gpt":0.28066657904444847,"score_spread":0.2645303123106018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W158234931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935057,0.0017695517,0.0040869196,0.00004171387,0.00002445343,0.000019820525,0.000028062103,0.000025112664,0.0004986632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98882335,0.0018600562,0.008128999,0.000038670874,0.000016889897,0.000026921982,0.000053046388,0.000017373784,0.0010347698],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998228,0.000043498643,0.000018055161,0.000032616066,0.000054971344,0.000028194569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982184,0.00005144859,0.0000658524,0.000010153888,0.000032277574,0.000018365463],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024190763,0.00045367348,0.00020671063,0.00012993415,0.00012012559,0.00026276163,0.00010855757,0.00037108373,0.00033636016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032376812,0.00016260441,0.00028230256,0.000119256016,0.00017572983,0.00034797905,0.0001863247,0.000304379,0.00017460094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001967112,0.0000046764862,0.000053455435,0.000034311848,0.0000043052974,0.000018073559,0.0000075945823,0.00003625592,0.99919266,0.000019243864,0.0000033352376,0.00060638634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019132601,0.000091427384,0.00044105586,0.0000024767123,0.000010245911,0.000035499757,0.0000073602428,0.00017949298,0.9987595,0.0000070308456,0.00046197028,0.0000020557002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024214048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056018966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00045367348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014437299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015112996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012793541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1584729079","doi":"10.7202/705476ar","title":"Influence de la matière organique et inorganiquede l'eau sur l'élimination des pesticides par nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Simazine; Pesticide; Forestry; Nanofiltration; Atrazine; Membrane; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.03245983129024942,"score_gpt":0.3020643381918828,"score_spread":0.26960450690163335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1584729079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99497235,0.0015744668,0.0025535705,0.000043871663,0.000019606518,0.00001581386,0.00008404706,0.000027259895,0.0007090542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918465,0.0018462534,0.0043853787,0.000027456084,0.000008566797,0.000022316042,0.00007937707,0.000015951415,0.0017682491],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974626,0.000039042487,0.000014974118,0.000054205335,0.000103533785,0.000041851818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978834,0.000080341284,0.00004184919,0.000011853924,0.00006278169,0.000014832179],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037095463,0.00039161948,0.00034813385,0.00014312497,0.0002593189,0.00046977514,0.00014702801,0.00049533026,0.00069418707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048821676,0.00014425656,0.00032518213,0.00011926136,0.00023189947,0.00044818036,0.00019149482,0.00032987082,0.00021594408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052399864,0.0000093871295,0.00018639637,0.000050950155,0.0000071003547,0.0000152537805,0.000016570903,0.00015448131,0.99767953,0.000020557474,0.000009582476,0.0017977351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005344675,0.00023796332,0.003012449,0.0000070096557,0.000017231152,0.000043713986,0.000024319108,0.00075141556,0.99446917,0.000018245706,0.0014050719,0.000008180828],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020590797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028209074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020590797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004457862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024755107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004094243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1593103023","doi":"10.1016/s0927-5193(03)80020-7","title":"The design of high performance, gel-filled nanofiltration membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Membrane science and technology/Membrane science and technology series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01029439478006191,"score_gpt":0.20662445231914975,"score_spread":0.19633005753908783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1593103023","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22896293,0.020981826,0.7337461,0.0010262063,0.0005867009,0.00035642475,0.00046088648,0.0011099258,0.012768962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44343656,0.012317919,0.5243839,0.00040062636,0.00012705401,0.00047075894,0.0007388797,0.00017764138,0.017946642],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979466,0.000022681486,0.000014816296,0.00004400449,0.00009553744,0.000028310304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999496,0.000010005556,0.000009952243,0.0000052073547,0.000018780771,0.000006511472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057906285,0.00037977647,0.0004781876,0.00018846776,0.000350779,0.00077721116,0.0007994712,0.0009970915,0.00039278695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024839438,0.00043252244,0.00053744204,0.0001743612,0.00030654337,0.001058693,0.0003277386,0.0005512231,0.00036769573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007256851,0.000041624095,0.00010195312,0.00042889905,0.000022962116,0.00008913523,0.00005690663,0.0104869995,0.95242995,0.010782752,0.00085767783,0.024628628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004279703,0.00026132612,0.0005327225,0.000041681746,0.000031788888,0.00037043093,0.00003726883,0.058388907,0.89602,0.0059289588,0.03830207,0.00004203984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039160062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009748817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009970915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000757399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000472783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00549531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1620926642","doi":"10.6000/2369-3355.2014.01.01.1","title":"Bacterial Anti-Adhesion of Coated and Uncoated Thin-Film-Composite (TFC) Polyamide (PA) Membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Coating Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT; Tekes","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Polyvinyl alcohol; Thin-film composite membrane; Adhesion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Surface roughness; Contact angle; Reverse osmosis; Surface energy; Coating; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00841669820368417,"score_gpt":0.23437000969714644,"score_spread":0.22595331149346226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1620926642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99674535,0.0013889949,0.0013405121,0.000024147057,0.000035509685,0.00001339648,0.000044695113,0.000021147582,0.00038616062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99310803,0.0012030905,0.0046259053,0.0000441231,0.000020088504,0.000021603306,0.00013114138,0.000011895986,0.00083401037],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995658,0.0000648809,0.000038143335,0.000084299834,0.00016986165,0.00007703395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957496,0.000121151264,0.000094232746,0.00002998344,0.00013825818,0.000041413503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026230808,0.00046571175,0.00039791045,0.00024741187,0.00014422837,0.0003706676,0.0002374172,0.00050583057,0.00051259244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006546582,0.000215371,0.00041425394,0.00016740308,0.00014390184,0.0003349127,0.00019306714,0.0003633886,0.00019869999],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042237836,0.000010466129,0.000092290764,0.000045429944,0.000006216448,0.00001552975,0.000005842671,0.00002956868,0.99909544,0.0000055254973,0.0000065702943,0.0006449127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031396653,0.0003187506,0.0025518767,0.0000054538214,0.000020854583,0.000081987775,0.000016541599,0.00036782204,0.9963276,0.000003334595,0.0002974643,0.0000052439837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005621502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072900055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005621502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017192904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013136682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017148256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1633016051","doi":"10.1139/s03-054","title":"Fouling assessment in a municipal water reclamation reverse osmosis system as related to concentration factor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Wastewater; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Pulp and paper industry; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.00720444775490208,"score_gpt":0.22487520949322629,"score_spread":0.2176707617383242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1633016051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99917346,0.00005702964,0.00063725916,0.000009773132,9.906481e-7,0.000008614344,0.000019332578,0.0000139927715,0.00007953912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795425,0.00009684788,0.0015297104,0.000010153399,8.6064296e-7,0.000009891529,0.00006126805,0.0000041475314,0.00033298112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995802,0.000076686374,0.000028990013,0.000059594935,0.00020201587,0.000052618536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952614,0.00012220338,0.00011130629,0.000025511705,0.00018959367,0.000025265997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041373394,0.0002567691,0.00035934127,0.00024172274,0.0003566878,0.00035847595,0.00019675907,0.00051185256,0.00023988394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008939958,0.00011817585,0.0002559796,0.00029725168,0.00019422686,0.00031220898,0.00017281807,0.00026537548,0.00009279556],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020887173,0.0000637501,0.0038863905,0.000055193323,0.000011376369,0.00006200169,0.00007412624,0.0009428491,0.990229,0.000017231769,0.000016811644,0.0044325623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000088063525,0.0011246415,0.008443999,0.000002668313,0.000019823254,0.000075802396,0.000049761475,0.0034192489,0.98651946,0.0000149920015,0.00031292907,0.000007829277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005973293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00568051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005973293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056687056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036909318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1706203554","doi":"10.1039/c5ew00139k","title":"Nitrate removal from water using a nanopaper ion-exchanger","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Nitrate; Ion exchange; Anion exchanger; Ion; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.07158152122350109,"score_gpt":0.32185036500089653,"score_spread":0.25026884377739544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1706203554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9283557,0.0030868035,0.06494931,0.00038183332,0.000108004824,0.000076296375,0.00023999423,0.00044017806,0.0023619258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9094169,0.0035114393,0.07349695,0.00024324145,0.000047286496,0.00007265328,0.00064647524,0.000116963114,0.012448119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984086,0.000016643855,0.000011811944,0.000047301604,0.00006337592,0.000019906813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991894,0.000025871725,0.000012901582,0.0000076062656,0.000020414716,0.000014320272],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025967715,0.00045153053,0.00038885098,0.00019422872,0.00038063928,0.00060172606,0.000555732,0.0006642166,0.000357927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018987576,0.00021913325,0.0002570503,0.00014345904,0.00023199167,0.000483666,0.0003291116,0.0005088344,0.00043141207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019862253,0.000010468739,0.00004729377,0.000025803454,0.0000027483711,0.000021698537,0.0000070056526,0.00009585236,0.99776554,0.000033546385,0.000026580328,0.0019436481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003130674,0.00006321275,0.00028618562,0.0000021123888,0.000006865982,0.00007015655,0.000005336931,0.0011659543,0.99727327,0.000022535072,0.0010935722,0.000007679868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082000234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015205605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00082000234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031517507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020633628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022867322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W173750248","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.77","title":"Surface Characterization by X–Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes Modified with Surface Modifying Macromolecules","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; National University of Singapore","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Miscibility; Surface modification; Phase inversion; Polymer; Ethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Macromolecule; Oxide; Fiber; Glass transition; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009852272373418888,"score_gpt":0.24438344874248952,"score_spread":0.23453117636907062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W173750248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99387085,0.00044561035,0.0049216775,0.00003300038,0.000007069209,0.00000964704,0.00016320498,0.00003704372,0.0005118089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99387616,0.00048329536,0.0040316214,0.000020085301,0.000004054841,0.000020840043,0.00026145167,0.0000128176225,0.0012896317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999125,0.000009273001,0.0000063849625,0.000016686226,0.000036871083,0.000018234798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998872,0.000030634743,0.00003098557,0.0000079103265,0.00003299089,0.0000102287795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001674706,0.00032818512,0.00013653784,0.00018948907,0.00012154838,0.00016957932,0.0001494795,0.00034556602,0.0007319922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001902032,0.00011924339,0.00020560592,0.0001584418,0.00014414216,0.00023014085,0.00010275173,0.00027476807,0.00016953616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012692161,0.0000027393862,0.00009882719,0.000011440198,0.0000013071591,0.000011490736,0.000008804483,0.000024238401,0.9994678,0.00001700193,0.000004246066,0.0003393497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010308175,0.00003277311,0.002491197,0.0000016452918,0.0000038095743,0.0000429528,0.000015388701,0.00041548332,0.99668473,0.000016702557,0.0002921529,0.000002067052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004124661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003375661,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007319922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013700538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000934519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024487972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1763395975","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2015.10.006","title":"Brewery wastewater treatment using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemistry; Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biogas; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Methane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.034925850354624484,"score_gpt":0.2449058564983466,"score_spread":0.20998000614372211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1763395975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969963,0.00030045523,0.0014903202,0.00012214693,0.000020676538,0.00001305195,0.00004503028,0.0000493821,0.00096273253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937884,0.0004587471,0.0024736119,0.00003368921,0.000010309168,0.000011832343,0.0000812613,0.000008138775,0.0031339617],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998216,0.00001877373,0.000019417128,0.000036139718,0.000060994993,0.00004310163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999546,0.0000062842714,0.000009557328,0.000004036451,0.000014250945,0.000011305142],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000194577,0.0003655158,0.0004803208,0.00022475985,0.0005490918,0.00075734494,0.0002991328,0.000506536,0.0005050754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013402352,0.00017456381,0.00035512785,0.00021124851,0.00014847363,0.00037790803,0.00044002326,0.0004760664,0.0003337344],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014125713,0.00007109293,0.00039400478,0.000028359265,0.0000044995445,0.00004606448,0.00002286435,0.00023888062,0.9958759,0.000041651765,0.00003707444,0.0030983798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032432134,0.00033841823,0.0043321745,0.00000807375,0.000025587973,0.00008776749,0.00008060683,0.0032544076,0.98992413,0.000037854967,0.001867641,0.000010863289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009212677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009051667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009212677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007107496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007179668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018318117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W17674795","doi":"10.2175/106143006x95474","title":"Fouling Mechanisms in a Laboratory‐Scale UV Disinfection System","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Calcium carbonate; Precipitation; Magnesium; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Calcium hydroxide; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Membrane","score_opus":0.017795528629162356,"score_gpt":0.26354280207819614,"score_spread":0.24574727344903377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W17674795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956583,0.00015045161,0.0037701807,0.00003176938,0.000012055893,0.000054286018,0.000086492226,0.00008420926,0.00015227082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98096246,0.00025526492,0.017627995,0.00004350902,0.000013520822,0.00013812877,0.00032105367,0.000017704846,0.000620285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994821,0.000103602906,0.000040828512,0.00014745134,0.00017022996,0.000055745586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996786,0.0000980932,0.000068597554,0.000042903717,0.000063184605,0.00004865515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044736534,0.00032368637,0.0005884652,0.00017152197,0.0004707012,0.0006362992,0.00074694876,0.00053023704,0.00046563297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005668338,0.0002192298,0.0004356935,0.00015580932,0.00031599647,0.00023626351,0.0003775078,0.0005712775,0.0002041609],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010028855,0.00016701316,0.000763042,0.00005151626,0.000010933918,0.0000245721,0.000042469335,0.00038659148,0.9971226,0.000020189053,0.000024261428,0.0012863987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057350502,0.0026369323,0.0060652043,0.000011399881,0.00006798425,0.00015012876,0.000079755446,0.006131422,0.98385346,0.000043510918,0.00087849126,0.000024326911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003258766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001709779,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003258766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005007615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005711537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006479621},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1777638749","doi":"10.1139/s05-032","title":"Biological treatment of oily wastewater from gas stations by membrane bioreactor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Activated sludge; Separator (oil production); Activated carbon; Fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.007394144037785608,"score_gpt":0.19078713865919839,"score_spread":0.18339299462141279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1777638749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873678,0.0018315171,0.009600253,0.0001976411,0.0000490731,0.000071544695,0.00011262185,0.000088417044,0.00068107253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756948,0.0028084358,0.018197456,0.00012453382,0.00003564308,0.00007127817,0.00035435302,0.000025060204,0.0026884354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999734,0.000054734523,0.000025537045,0.000042566517,0.000098010176,0.000045290428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989855,0.000020054,0.000027292745,0.0000061419014,0.00003519154,0.000012753737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037405442,0.00070702896,0.00072678423,0.00033661135,0.00043560067,0.0004720026,0.00045720147,0.0008016087,0.00039363038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030712318,0.00014544037,0.0007048955,0.00040211034,0.00021267879,0.0004005494,0.00034595252,0.000591714,0.00034190746],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003660978,0.000023034869,0.00013635564,0.00007532306,0.000005127417,0.000035677578,0.000017885319,0.0001618783,0.9978677,0.000016196238,0.000017245493,0.0016068651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014181992,0.0003503191,0.0012180476,0.000010821138,0.000021710568,0.00010444901,0.00004794879,0.0012535513,0.99598217,0.000029197769,0.0009618986,0.000005821699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031803756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029282768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031803756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005381551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004499189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006323755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1781764661","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.1","title":"Development of Ag/GO Incorporated onto PES Membrane with Improved Anti-Fouling Property","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; Mintek","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02483619759466437,"score_gpt":0.2579293574550061,"score_spread":0.23309315986034174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1781764661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990888,0.0012482571,0.005764063,0.0001295025,0.00004631097,0.00003379032,0.00015993453,0.00013856552,0.001591637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9805617,0.0012668937,0.0149989575,0.000065185,0.000011608171,0.000030137515,0.00024870544,0.000026288764,0.0027905654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993014,0.0000066311004,0.00000542475,0.000014623894,0.000027038806,0.000016031394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999535,0.000005444681,0.000010135023,0.0000036851727,0.000016346128,0.0000109054035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009144219,0.00034499163,0.00021446607,0.00033360717,0.00015045848,0.0002239538,0.0002448019,0.00056090666,0.00055119424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014231198,0.00015161479,0.000352183,0.00021089091,0.00010918983,0.00035171412,0.00019337481,0.00032519826,0.0002599132],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015336977,0.000009296344,0.00003455875,0.000029890427,0.000003148605,0.00005186315,0.0000049640153,0.000046435325,0.9987471,0.00002994521,0.000014205259,0.0010132701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003161605,0.0000753741,0.00057478936,0.0000023665511,0.000009402442,0.000076252334,0.00000966493,0.00051299814,0.9978775,0.0000117319205,0.0008432435,0.0000034873806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005637782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011315666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005637782,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017915551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001432682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018439293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1782293122","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2015.09.062","title":"Assessment of the hindered transport model in predicting the rejection of trace organic compounds by nanofiltration","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Diffusion; Chromatography; Phase (matter); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.021311628204645945,"score_gpt":0.2703383903381074,"score_spread":0.24902676213346148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1782293122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96573144,0.00032688593,0.031945124,0.00025005962,0.000037387214,0.000037031117,0.00010221559,0.00019247647,0.0013773263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962219,0.000094402174,0.0030295248,0.000018363826,0.000007426042,0.000019351945,0.000070981834,0.000012184929,0.00052573695],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997882,0.0000896052,0.00001724992,0.00003112317,0.00004277739,0.000030986554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985049,0.0010093912,0.00010094368,0.00003710017,0.0002777857,0.00006994339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014815144,0.00095665886,0.0008010501,0.00049321697,0.0006473856,0.0010372803,0.00089085463,0.001809528,0.00036814416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024298632,0.00043988758,0.0009044955,0.00024994262,0.00033796736,0.0009258337,0.00049217464,0.0008009387,0.00012704256],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011375752,0.0000979055,0.0019143728,0.000024216954,0.000027544576,0.000034643395,0.000009822275,0.9927759,0.0027409496,0.0003549844,0.000059092366,0.0018468163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038556127,0.000021580467,0.000089233836,6.823615e-7,0.000003051635,0.0000012978988,0.0000016526013,0.9994604,0.0003766853,0.00003071769,0.0000091477805,0.000001687861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.043645263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013389152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043645263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016178049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018693107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.086782455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1798258276","doi":"10.3968/j.aped.1925543820130501.1156","title":"Treating Heavy Oil Wastewater for Beneficial Use by Integrated Technology of Bio-Oxidation and RO","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in petroleum exploration and development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Wastewater; Reverse osmosis; Waste management; Effluent; Boiler (water heating); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.013741640688437397,"score_gpt":0.2383442948258326,"score_spread":0.22460265413739522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1798258276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.961756,0.0013887977,0.03503367,0.000107530694,0.000029461107,0.00007942378,0.000048272523,0.00017106737,0.0013858274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9706637,0.0011675154,0.02552133,0.00005262901,0.000015393347,0.000058428264,0.00018261054,0.000019886287,0.0023185038],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998455,0.000015003094,0.000009641473,0.00003297209,0.000067325826,0.00002952596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996567,0.0000044289804,0.000008048257,0.0000034362392,0.000013322881,0.0000049704463],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014174561,0.0005093499,0.00042156022,0.00038065217,0.00028409672,0.00039401892,0.00041795376,0.00047871735,0.00049723743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009003528,0.0001410452,0.00052901084,0.00033120252,0.00015484868,0.00042810314,0.00042365913,0.00041274837,0.00018942494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033325672,0.000040301,0.00050064013,0.000092606286,0.000009763721,0.000041189604,0.000016375874,0.0002907367,0.99008524,0.00007231469,0.000022267983,0.008795248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016942578,0.00027391905,0.0024268164,0.000007506159,0.000039522947,0.00013269379,0.000037468144,0.0028948332,0.99248576,0.000054881337,0.0016230887,0.000006559763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012586687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003884176,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012586687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036277418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046278615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026320815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1819538160","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.077","title":"Long term performance of membranes in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Pilot plant; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental science","score_opus":0.0275860626977507,"score_gpt":0.2562257475848789,"score_spread":0.22863968488712821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1819538160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99919754,0.00030153728,0.0002626759,0.000034375425,0.000016966365,0.000003958152,0.000057417394,0.000008794114,0.00011687238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985795,0.00020031337,0.0003456614,0.000022162552,0.0000089553005,0.000008104835,0.0001153173,0.0000066354637,0.0007134051],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995123,0.0000960252,0.00004595009,0.00008982668,0.00012636426,0.0001293941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995291,0.00014084704,0.00007886726,0.00003778136,0.00014352301,0.00006986273],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007935782,0.00045156732,0.00066804147,0.00027334405,0.0008444565,0.0009631196,0.0004373686,0.0010491527,0.00040166956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009853491,0.00027739498,0.0006734709,0.00031052643,0.00038410712,0.000846285,0.0004444386,0.00074501795,0.00024676495],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012428894,0.00018688368,0.0012279935,0.000050056926,0.00002887738,0.000057555913,0.00008141523,0.0005186021,0.99373865,0.0000288118,0.000046671,0.0027915426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031383835,0.0017115788,0.00844267,0.000011860215,0.000071132854,0.00007793069,0.00015113296,0.0027440866,0.98619485,0.00004801207,0.0004943182,0.000020986286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0058513973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005411341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0058513973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011224059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008040755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011634648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1822614884","doi":"10.1039/c5ra08317f","title":"Thin film composite polyamide membranes: parametric study on the influence of synthesis conditions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Hospital Edmonton; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Monomer; Polymerization; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Salt (chemistry); Range (aeronautics); Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.026032577833850178,"score_gpt":0.28490195896810383,"score_spread":0.2588693811342537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1822614884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99278307,0.00026777363,0.0056246887,0.000030828214,0.000007698459,0.00001879514,0.00011861777,0.00004380169,0.0011047208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99758255,0.00017552452,0.0018727721,0.000005271481,0.000004449412,0.000021993535,0.000031148444,0.0000122522715,0.00029404415],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974567,0.00003436586,0.0000136527915,0.00006916942,0.00008619339,0.000050910585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950194,0.00025613853,0.00010934572,0.000057784084,0.0000590419,0.000015635418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000408991,0.00044512821,0.00029372014,0.00015790292,0.00022087345,0.00032270158,0.0003365929,0.0003977701,0.00077283784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008171721,0.00021147162,0.0002508374,0.00032332243,0.00025162808,0.0004456445,0.00028497947,0.00038493355,0.00016259169],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015110176,0.000031490767,0.00017943555,0.00004161747,0.0000051448064,0.000028535862,0.00005316122,0.0014097953,0.9960063,0.00007346323,0.000022535245,0.0019973922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008461041,0.00015139923,0.0011841655,0.0000033265878,0.0000105203,0.000020765177,0.000019422172,0.0058255796,0.9925437,0.000034253986,0.00018855349,0.0000097467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045963112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046471824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077283784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023561699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020908435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002585411},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1843170454","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2015-0037","title":"Superoxygenation: analysis of oxygen transfer design parameters using high-purity oxygen and a pressurized column","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Vanderbilt University","keywords":"Oxygen; Aeration; Oxygen saturation; Pressure swing adsorption; Saturation (graph theory); Mass transfer coefficient; Limiting oxygen concentration; Wastewater; Environmental science; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Adsorption; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03120594110511198,"score_gpt":0.2107044685643801,"score_spread":0.17949852745926811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1843170454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820088,0.00049492565,0.016579071,0.000041004274,0.0000061352835,0.00005971386,0.0001502087,0.00006526333,0.0005949697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98750615,0.0005740858,0.010916329,0.00001759583,0.0000034301877,0.000056322224,0.00026081636,0.000018846917,0.0006464498],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975246,0.000032995318,0.000019032697,0.000039943454,0.00012930873,0.000026222651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979943,0.000072729934,0.000054050306,0.000010840383,0.000052426436,0.000010543275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032907017,0.00034171814,0.00025504557,0.00024852873,0.000149912,0.0003093834,0.00030962506,0.00031635305,0.0004329741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048806923,0.0001026303,0.00029612475,0.0003119626,0.00015459154,0.00043837703,0.00018919066,0.00026959402,0.00013752659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016900242,0.00003766206,0.0013615978,0.00011688484,0.000011886423,0.000020327449,0.00002448668,0.002108118,0.98820543,0.00005675624,0.00003016323,0.00785762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011190572,0.0005361756,0.0064021563,0.0000037342215,0.000023343404,0.000043325268,0.000035305322,0.008999493,0.9830549,0.0000347403,0.00084683613,0.000008930126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016629512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026329998,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016629512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040592963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003482178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033065677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1843183515","doi":"10.1063/1.3160271","title":"Modification of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes by Novel Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecule (cSMM) Blends for Water Application","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Macromolecule; Membrane; Materials science; Fiber; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.027504913410261043,"score_gpt":0.260299665837133,"score_spread":0.23279475242687195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1843183515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903431,0.0009890277,0.008009273,0.000055450728,0.000023358778,0.000018856555,0.00007153235,0.00006637267,0.00042304365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850721,0.00105107,0.012067126,0.000036528883,0.000010644195,0.00003190292,0.00016151163,0.000021777325,0.0015472643],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999089,0.000011535443,0.000008649978,0.00001932785,0.00003559135,0.000015894806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999169,0.000015330768,0.000028549852,0.000006071384,0.000020991278,0.000012087524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015260788,0.00039019113,0.00014661599,0.00013717035,0.0001138854,0.00016862653,0.00012726213,0.00032662723,0.00038808573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016765721,0.0001238117,0.00022697714,0.00011185108,0.00012139085,0.00030341017,0.00011273233,0.00022291971,0.00013844417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006157239,0.000001716417,0.000019671566,0.000007190199,8.4498174e-7,0.0000069240514,0.0000017826937,0.000014771535,0.9996748,0.000012657134,0.0000027036247,0.0002506752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010409508,0.000024854207,0.00032617143,8.823068e-7,0.0000027613467,0.000029339168,0.0000025241957,0.00015199326,0.9991014,0.000007133077,0.00035048582,0.0000013202443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030348453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005176419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00039019113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020100569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014803708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014584064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W185342197","doi":"","title":"ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES: ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER REMOVAL AND INTEGRATION WITH MEMBRANE PROCESSES","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Nanofiltration; Water treatment; Chemistry; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Water quality; Pulp and paper industry; Organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Alkalinity; Turbidity; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental chemistry; Surface water; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.002659716276140078,"score_gpt":0.1635525394794615,"score_spread":0.1608928232033214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W185342197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99123245,0.0026590112,0.0026244584,0.00004354226,0.000023779434,0.00010405188,0.0002754726,0.000026749887,0.003010472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874817,0.0026812074,0.005078141,0.0000454954,0.000009144707,0.00006498911,0.00041942394,0.000009314537,0.0042104525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939466,0.000048744467,0.000032735257,0.00008266605,0.00036068534,0.00008047655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972326,0.000030065032,0.000045790217,0.00001735066,0.00015541444,0.000028091496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003653289,0.00041819268,0.00031919233,0.0004473472,0.00028672966,0.00054316904,0.00026203986,0.0005802706,0.000791303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038303627,0.000114454124,0.00049273134,0.0004301696,0.00023105151,0.00046440447,0.0003277283,0.00047584888,0.00022492041],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017843572,0.0001282082,0.004885014,0.0002643472,0.000038589507,0.000051910032,0.00005111757,0.0006607265,0.9848888,0.00006947927,0.000047711517,0.008735567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020516498,0.0027175734,0.117039755,0.000054800108,0.00015169605,0.00022664094,0.00022743168,0.0053702933,0.86853987,0.00012257908,0.0055054664,0.000023353454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016139464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01994232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016139464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00084483315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00067557493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03209108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W186798505","doi":"","title":"Design and Performance of a Pilot Submerged Membrane Electro-Bioreactor (SMEBR) for Wastewater Treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Aeration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Environmental science; Pilot plant; Waste management; Bioreactor; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.03706630189230263,"score_gpt":0.2666203319187897,"score_spread":0.22955403002648705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W186798505","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98085487,0.00029077788,0.017297674,0.000090449634,0.00002493036,0.0003017922,0.00029606227,0.00023298351,0.00061053183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97560173,0.000268586,0.022141095,0.000044508623,0.000006389727,0.00022397604,0.00038092776,0.00001661254,0.0013161725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978274,0.000021120119,0.000017009037,0.000063403786,0.00008105517,0.00003467429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998702,0.000018766621,0.00002180827,0.000011357971,0.000048941118,0.000028839182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045377595,0.00044852548,0.0005224026,0.00021753779,0.00034498537,0.00043979785,0.0006351528,0.00060837826,0.0006264213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000241497,0.00021255128,0.00043612462,0.00016219838,0.00021128297,0.0002951076,0.00027018972,0.00038997323,0.00029557192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025015307,0.00022115126,0.000739994,0.00009052646,0.0000062480767,0.00006252724,0.000022008506,0.0015610976,0.9925412,0.000036513335,0.000049923234,0.004418678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020181831,0.0068105734,0.024764748,0.000014436908,0.000060158094,0.00025102973,0.00009341704,0.027880203,0.9376068,0.00005354226,0.0022116473,0.000051528274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013204369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010151161,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013204369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006706658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090981374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026255012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1881545202","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.4","title":"New Concept for Dual-Layer Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Composite Membrane for Membrane Distillation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Composite number; Chemistry; Dual (grammatical number); Membrane distillation; Dual layer; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Distillation; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Engineering; Desalination; Art","score_opus":0.0261097332693433,"score_gpt":0.2955323586886727,"score_spread":0.26942262541932943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1881545202","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38890088,0.013821864,0.5803719,0.0011140344,0.00076287525,0.00035380325,0.0006026213,0.0018259666,0.01224612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.62832546,0.005474214,0.35432607,0.0005595916,0.0002460271,0.0004738723,0.0004870213,0.00013769024,0.009969992],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997875,0.000019671814,0.000011021888,0.00006308658,0.00008853377,0.000030278603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999083,0.000019037408,0.000016510518,0.000012064708,0.000025167083,0.000018857652],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002535663,0.0005240888,0.00047433583,0.00039709898,0.00030767237,0.00045540967,0.00063591934,0.001063288,0.0009799149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013834772,0.0003113066,0.00048066452,0.00019727848,0.0002916869,0.000993672,0.0005590658,0.0008257802,0.0008633742],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022573578,0.000015130041,0.000027221453,0.00010100368,0.0000052307123,0.000037329868,0.000009801115,0.00007346639,0.99573296,0.00070159306,0.00008717489,0.0031866168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017449749,0.00015321645,0.00032593912,0.000008892636,0.00001753329,0.00044835528,0.000010221655,0.0032400123,0.9812506,0.00031276728,0.01419263,0.000022418062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015610259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023719456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001063288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032162477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029489753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032780766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1883346484","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.055","title":"A new method for modeling rough membrane surface and calculation of interfacial interactions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Surface roughness; Surface (topology); Membrane bioreactor; Materials science; Surface finish; Surface energy; Rough surface; Chemical engineering; Biological system; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.04498151466202241,"score_gpt":0.3296665893559746,"score_spread":0.2846850746939522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1883346484","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041914536,0.00013456283,0.99240583,0.00006053918,0.00010090946,0.000047686128,0.00005077987,0.00027186354,0.0027363803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1981225,0.00069847255,0.7849141,0.00018022374,0.00016115436,0.0006337442,0.0002839758,0.0008105278,0.014195367],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975294,0.00004994006,0.000014100379,0.000031773816,0.00013088931,0.000020369987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995814,0.00015538468,0.00002624293,0.000059558075,0.00014877731,0.000028593451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053698174,0.000958563,0.0009885178,0.0007335002,0.00079147867,0.0008173372,0.0019331715,0.0019215004,0.0028599561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012060864,0.00054865936,0.0011481297,0.0006738494,0.00048054729,0.0012951333,0.00077186484,0.0013487545,0.000874549],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051613555,0.00014002935,0.000594263,0.00023325246,0.000085248095,0.00022965985,0.00014695595,0.8618984,0.02855,0.04903919,0.0026040333,0.056427386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000042620077,0.000006814918,0.00003331298,0.0000037578313,0.0000050403787,0.000021432304,0.000005393615,0.9954254,0.00097418367,0.0018417345,0.0016715948,0.0000070675096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006607858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004691367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006607858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006233672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00091747864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013138771},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1888321453","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.089","title":"Fluorescence analysis of NOM degradation by photocatalytic oxidation and its potential to mitigate membrane fouling in drinking water treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Photocatalysis; Fouling; Humic acid; Chemistry; Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Catalysis; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.016983706450428904,"score_gpt":0.2398968824469062,"score_spread":0.2229131759964773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1888321453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995204,0.0005556908,0.00319086,0.000046526526,0.000014429421,0.000009318866,0.00007577337,0.000017623373,0.000885734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99660504,0.00023820688,0.00180167,0.000015085578,0.0000034698285,0.000008178696,0.000054898617,0.0000034975828,0.0012699788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998801,0.000024913628,0.000005784044,0.000022836273,0.00003236953,0.000033906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993825,0.000015669386,0.000009898726,0.000004448458,0.000024950457,0.0000067662318],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022290315,0.0001912972,0.00013539834,0.00018117747,0.0003080598,0.00020349177,0.0001665057,0.00040979713,0.00055094867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021099327,0.000115057715,0.00039917996,0.0001378343,0.00019149373,0.00020697707,0.00009767515,0.00031965156,0.0001279767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001380009,0.000022779155,0.000477631,0.000033568653,0.000006424819,0.000022385057,0.000019204266,0.00017988142,0.9969151,0.00006782742,0.000031556912,0.0020857044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029568987,0.00011157927,0.002655049,0.0000015298623,0.000007907021,0.000031236632,0.000022272457,0.0011403672,0.99558806,0.000017549002,0.00041599263,0.0000053662648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039329277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044267536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039329277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042888208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026073476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00782007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1906678904","doi":"10.1002/9781118590331.ch1","title":"Microfiltration for casein and serum protein separation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Casein; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chromatography; Skimmed milk; Ceramic membrane; Fractionation; Permeation; Cross-flow filtration; Separation process; Chemistry; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Computer science; Food science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018623205480632416,"score_gpt":0.27684104318858144,"score_spread":0.25821783770794904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1906678904","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12168437,0.09213137,0.43442723,0.0017748916,0.001217597,0.0011042977,0.0037382434,0.0066678105,0.3372543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.32555494,0.06958759,0.23876132,0.0007433094,0.00027501202,0.00047249126,0.00524706,0.0008619279,0.3584963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996457,0.000018761728,0.000012435267,0.000058826965,0.00023514096,0.000029151914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993575,0.000014503667,0.000010483427,0.0000071701475,0.000025627476,0.000006462904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026807922,0.00055706047,0.000278653,0.00089625246,0.00036298865,0.0007245568,0.00039467908,0.0005236706,0.01215272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020645298,0.00017372129,0.0004635312,0.00081925455,0.00014985327,0.0006068167,0.00041907723,0.00060537364,0.007769107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068415175,0.00015446529,0.0005339311,0.00089009147,0.00002249364,0.0002585977,0.000090317146,0.00077652145,0.68043643,0.0074982564,0.014346957,0.29492363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000105710205,0.000101991114,0.0023734847,0.000089395115,0.000027553875,0.0010316522,0.000041146443,0.003345811,0.6247509,0.00089349004,0.36731184,0.000022135118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009960975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020010322,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01215272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064836367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043976895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.040654957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1953081547","doi":"10.2166/wst.2016.014","title":"Application of forward osmosis membrane technology for oil sands process-affected water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Natural Resources; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Oil sands; Desalination; Tailings; Forward osmosis; Fouling; Cellulose triacetate; Asphalt; Reverse osmosis; Brine; Extraction (chemistry); Waste management; Environmental science; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Materials science; Chromatography","score_opus":0.006755430070746582,"score_gpt":0.24844763704536998,"score_spread":0.2416922069746234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1953081547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92239296,0.0032964228,0.06749947,0.0005965787,0.0001576311,0.0001603185,0.00019799429,0.0003374864,0.0053610117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9621487,0.0028537428,0.032656413,0.00005982919,0.000014877574,0.00003052543,0.00010628807,0.000011254229,0.0021182594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986947,0.000017614942,0.0000090468375,0.00002222698,0.000059528043,0.000022107577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999403,0.000013817721,0.00001123409,0.0000058015185,0.000021820848,0.000007081814],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022130243,0.00031720987,0.0002265607,0.0004575082,0.00036971472,0.00041781852,0.00022824472,0.00042474893,0.00041996926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020028483,0.00014174468,0.000364515,0.00027434455,0.00024440378,0.0005357218,0.0003094905,0.00039498525,0.00017938766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017573859,0.000014551496,0.00027724492,0.00008692714,0.0000060042103,0.000064142405,0.00001792386,0.00033548815,0.99102145,0.00030561577,0.000053443237,0.007799578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032892922,0.00005311348,0.00042046286,0.0000035895644,0.000008704656,0.00008251749,0.000015136316,0.0012756143,0.9956567,0.00006877533,0.002406841,0.000005244302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023460165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034852307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99765396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065728364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005321976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047689676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1961198492","doi":"10.1002/cite.201500080","title":"Reuse of Air for Return Activated Sludge Pumping in Submerged Membrane Bioreactors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemie Ingenieur Technik","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Sparging; Reuse; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Activated sludge; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Sewage treatment","score_opus":0.03653229751633275,"score_gpt":0.2695493024504581,"score_spread":0.23301700493412536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1961198492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663347,0.00028749928,0.0027081768,0.00003389273,0.000009285813,0.000014335931,0.000038474824,0.000058622805,0.00021638942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951514,0.00019204666,0.0042598476,0.000008750714,0.0000033833248,0.0000076206893,0.0000448649,0.000007893677,0.00032417531],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969757,0.0000803576,0.000026397345,0.000044449047,0.000111624315,0.000039505197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975294,0.00007356229,0.0000688952,0.000029094295,0.000050433417,0.000025061245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037485937,0.000350208,0.0004479811,0.00027399766,0.0003156192,0.0007263093,0.00035530346,0.00032691323,0.00039513837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043184301,0.0001177994,0.0005417071,0.0002201548,0.00020396302,0.0003714297,0.0002748983,0.00034518642,0.00021636575],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008574189,0.000038342376,0.00061585865,0.00005738854,0.000009508587,0.000058770205,0.0000261962,0.00065234595,0.99393326,0.000031665408,0.00001807351,0.0044728355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062759505,0.0003577522,0.0013868292,0.0000065320082,0.000016141394,0.000045937235,0.000038755363,0.002971664,0.99478275,0.000018676086,0.0003637282,0.000004916354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024033778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002436758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024033778,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049795455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040560937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047788024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1962517869","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.10.091","title":"Impact of graphene oxide embedded polyethersulfone membranes for the effective treatment of distillery effluent","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Graphene; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyacrylic acid; Oxide; Polymer; Permeation; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Casting; Miscibility; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015031350237769723,"score_gpt":0.26255041376857313,"score_spread":0.2475190635308034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1962517869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99850035,0.00046908727,0.00030158306,0.000049467493,0.000027403687,0.0000051611137,0.000042293475,0.000010743213,0.0005939503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984339,0.00038615082,0.0003754451,0.000026812882,0.000005453116,0.0000028239851,0.000049982635,0.0000037992795,0.0007156907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999858,0.000020577758,0.0000081311155,0.000016006497,0.00005660333,0.00004069872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998896,0.00003243096,0.00001648186,0.000006807084,0.000032414475,0.000022317676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017255462,0.00030531254,0.00016027219,0.00018896279,0.00029332307,0.0004783319,0.00021662768,0.00057996315,0.0010654132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026321498,0.00011293396,0.0002933161,0.00013677591,0.00017590233,0.00047730372,0.0002621736,0.00042999393,0.0001692982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029049613,0.00006553855,0.0002683966,0.000085314845,0.000015753527,0.00007289291,0.000022047561,0.00040350072,0.9953727,0.00008326616,0.000060596027,0.003259584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008579065,0.00030191097,0.0017594482,0.0000063948446,0.000023993214,0.000023439448,0.000042313302,0.0012188612,0.9959644,0.000029681909,0.0006154051,0.0000055946875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013508133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003010103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013508133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032913982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034506203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035641193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963666506","doi":"10.1007/s10311-011-0351-1","title":"Remediation technologies using cyclodextrins: an overview","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Chemistry Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Pollutant; Cyclodextrin; Supramolecular chemistry; Scope (computer science); Biochemical engineering; Biodegradation; Environmental science; Environmental pollution; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Environmental protection; Contamination; Molecule; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.029066354806094295,"score_gpt":0.2537372813781245,"score_spread":0.22467092657203022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963666506","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0063102553,0.9796537,0.008943109,0.0006785322,0.00017276887,0.000024497154,0.000046699697,0.00005478718,0.0041157035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.016348535,0.974049,0.0067737526,0.00035153265,0.00024092333,0.000024166324,0.000078818455,0.00001121499,0.0021220976],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958545,0.00004234634,0.00005019227,0.000111318936,0.00014631342,0.00006434792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997352,0.000107973385,0.000036876147,0.000012992051,0.00008343115,0.00002363427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007183771,0.001087404,0.0015769792,0.0023782842,0.00030739207,0.0016678324,0.000742786,0.0013290257,0.00063706376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003126218,0.0006481292,0.00076967577,0.0018659551,0.00040440573,0.002160664,0.00072599924,0.0015053414,0.0006906688],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018867364,0.000502295,0.00084455305,0.010526372,0.00023388043,0.00031607435,0.0001644268,0.0030077735,0.065098636,0.006207401,0.004960733,0.9079491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045156525,0.0015416808,0.004542917,0.0020521125,0.00045179576,0.003654419,0.00031979542,0.0047804825,0.11159984,0.00826561,0.8625738,0.00017239344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008417503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012648532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023782842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009546161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006513719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069262385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965263424","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.08.019","title":"Editorial: New directions in desalination","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Desalination; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Process engineering; Water treatment; Electrodialysis; Environmental science; Biofouling; Unit operation; Forward osmosis; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.011629819094521099,"score_gpt":0.2756894699685662,"score_spread":0.2640596508740451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965263424","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000014552501,0.0071101985,0.00008250964,0.027301164,0.96441025,0.000014378174,0.000025088417,0.000037388978,0.0010045186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00023281126,0.0042348984,0.000086850894,0.02353208,0.9632875,0.000018794972,0.000025230665,0.000032738397,0.008549197],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99069464,0.0016582966,0.0011284922,0.0010438099,0.004784408,0.00069043983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97543645,0.0069508883,0.0021034922,0.00065973034,0.010919332,0.0039300243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008457531,0.006032793,0.005929877,0.0069737444,0.004936071,0.01020732,0.0056982054,0.02966185,0.019450786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.027256748,0.0020193118,0.0044452194,0.0027928636,0.0033798378,0.0062839086,0.0029102557,0.023901697,0.015611065],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003067543,0.000011293527,0.0000106732705,0.00018101101,0.000018639812,0.00006957478,0.00000605448,0.000014055637,0.000051947693,0.000096692704,0.9959706,0.003538723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009071766,0.000030200528,0.0001751937,0.00041580794,0.00008557669,0.00018463528,0.0000269232,0.00013245305,0.00013408223,0.0007161494,0.99798584,0.000022427377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023460556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007304769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02966185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004949923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004436519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06506938},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965665528","doi":"10.2166/wst.2014.038","title":"A novel approach to analyzing concentration polarization of polysaccharide solutions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Radius of gyration; Polymer; Concentration polarization; Hydrodynamic radius; Membrane; Chemistry; Polysaccharide; Filtration (mathematics); Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016066749079475622,"score_gpt":0.23182881507574749,"score_spread":0.21576206599627187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965665528","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08131636,0.0017572041,0.9125689,0.0003826654,0.00021516546,0.00017211743,0.0002701092,0.0007265298,0.0025909543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.52530795,0.0037396287,0.46514225,0.0005101714,0.00027629887,0.0004809698,0.00036964938,0.00013618355,0.0040368717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993536,0.00008885009,0.000025696769,0.00014966588,0.0003331254,0.000049032504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994673,0.00018228288,0.000108964996,0.000059412014,0.00014679898,0.000035238507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047057314,0.000573222,0.00049206486,0.0011197595,0.00035356413,0.0006358133,0.000702856,0.0008314042,0.0007009649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010428454,0.0002769299,0.00055188994,0.0006037836,0.00045599823,0.0012870486,0.0006784416,0.0016973788,0.00030366512],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039026916,0.00004823549,0.00051950733,0.00012134234,0.00001906493,0.000065349,0.00004322173,0.00087476865,0.9698533,0.002442863,0.00016552632,0.025807787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010192572,0.00025547465,0.0014628825,0.000010995799,0.000023069992,0.0005408239,0.00003160607,0.030688768,0.96025753,0.001399642,0.005282355,0.00003664152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004584387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036768333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011197595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005018892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00056383223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036414266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965667359","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.021","title":"Formation of thin film composite nanofiltration membrane: Effect of polysulfone substrate characteristics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Nanofiltration; Substrate (aquarium); Layer (electronics); Thin film; Permeability (electromagnetism); Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007738251390586133,"score_gpt":0.22327924642924318,"score_spread":0.21554099503865706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965667359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972801,0.00036458133,0.00170469,0.000028617544,0.00001778935,0.000009843006,0.00008861824,0.00004361383,0.00046204924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99621516,0.00027255827,0.0025293392,0.000014528229,0.0000049142104,0.000008101128,0.00012432893,0.000011694564,0.0008194578],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999298,0.0000054218362,0.0000066505663,0.00002058004,0.000021088223,0.000016462664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991524,0.000016947752,0.000021022615,0.000007166391,0.00002360154,0.000016039812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014414615,0.00029668683,0.00019782719,0.00014154855,0.0001614157,0.00019810579,0.00016983386,0.00033112455,0.0005894801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018175556,0.0001405254,0.0002745693,0.00012396397,0.00007851242,0.00032392962,0.00009438779,0.0003017664,0.00013791687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035763027,0.0000061844457,0.00003763122,0.0000140833135,0.0000019357863,0.000011498445,0.000005414043,0.000035370853,0.9994413,0.000009335243,0.000008625336,0.00039288547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018042273,0.000033738426,0.00032181566,5.5567835e-7,0.0000026797698,0.000010914525,0.0000026318558,0.00020974982,0.9993155,0.0000019088052,0.000097886776,9.739409e-7],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008262923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015394461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008262923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022505576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001845722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019720197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965716357","doi":"10.2166/ws.2011.025","title":"Assessing irreversible fouling behavior of membrane foulants in the ultrafiltration of natural water using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Backwashing; Membrane; Particulates; Chemistry; Colloid; Organic matter; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03517475853599363,"score_gpt":0.28707989233940673,"score_spread":0.2519051338034131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965716357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98548883,0.00023854025,0.013795832,0.000012367912,0.000002572126,0.000026638445,0.0000963615,0.000028345283,0.00031051104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98773766,0.00039324135,0.011107106,0.000009662373,0.0000017382131,0.000039070896,0.00019055959,0.000010573713,0.00051037985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997402,0.00007039338,0.000016778225,0.00004561538,0.000089625515,0.000037369915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997831,0.000084702915,0.00004332742,0.000015801794,0.00005843083,0.000014663999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040962486,0.00036202036,0.00019881976,0.00043943204,0.00026921567,0.00039744718,0.00014752979,0.00027928656,0.00026391482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007821278,0.00011094542,0.00026576692,0.00035406655,0.0003062574,0.0003150573,0.00015630052,0.0003987065,0.000077864715],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006555329,0.00003374648,0.0034358148,0.000044303866,0.000016627091,0.000025308258,0.00008999311,0.0006022687,0.9880777,0.00009171399,0.000012654569,0.0075042625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029776168,0.00017457329,0.041305233,0.0000036580632,0.000022544637,0.00006401213,0.00006914823,0.007144455,0.9508537,0.00009663313,0.0002467465,0.000016384502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044082063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0049101445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044082063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036864972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040093414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008765101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965932786","doi":"10.1139/s06-037","title":"Membrane filtration for cold regions – impact of cold water on membrane integrity monitoring tests","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Membrane integrity; Filtration (mathematics); Structural integrity; Pressure drop; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mechanics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012322037196751161,"score_gpt":0.23900269235318916,"score_spread":0.226680655156438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965932786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92092115,0.024022572,0.047935452,0.0007835136,0.00027412147,0.00030471437,0.0006682002,0.0003757954,0.0047144457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96070766,0.007925841,0.027650453,0.0003559978,0.00008244864,0.00012510238,0.0005511664,0.00012898102,0.0024724097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99474514,0.0012054761,0.00033340493,0.00056733773,0.0028417632,0.00030685245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99347657,0.0029261685,0.00094648986,0.00047787203,0.0020237947,0.00014919964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032003804,0.0008057031,0.0010242416,0.00081927684,0.0008699454,0.0012173037,0.00077323645,0.0012546262,0.0014773154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045162197,0.0003015297,0.0010984752,0.0008388751,0.0007575044,0.0015953644,0.00096705416,0.0012641227,0.00066124037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034940138,0.00012702087,0.003766064,0.000569454,0.000051746036,0.00015879243,0.00020674306,0.00085157907,0.95630825,0.00013885739,0.00024016832,0.037231885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054749435,0.00080657756,0.009408455,0.000041570755,0.000060382503,0.0002278886,0.00007862831,0.0010638639,0.9861233,0.00006772142,0.0020858904,0.00003012644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023960925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027252352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032003804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008718793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006343415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016925454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966423786","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.12.082","title":"Influence of N-phthaloyl chitosan on poly (ether imide) ultrafiltration membranes and its application in biomolecules and toxic heavy metal ion separation and their antifouling properties","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Chitosan; Chemical engineering; Bovine serum albumin; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01208541493083746,"score_gpt":0.23974944242420382,"score_spread":0.22766402749336637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966423786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973884,0.00068822346,0.0010119944,0.00003491296,0.000022040294,0.000009859859,0.000054246608,0.000014071888,0.00077627465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99758196,0.00038527293,0.00093234226,0.000035328758,0.000010378696,0.000007811102,0.00005596636,0.000010810275,0.0009800942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997743,0.00003909433,0.000021101478,0.000038791724,0.000064770655,0.000062070394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996555,0.000117812786,0.00007307583,0.00002510358,0.00008736478,0.00004120936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002891049,0.00034690136,0.00016981571,0.00016941834,0.000184581,0.00029868484,0.00024914794,0.00041499047,0.0007392235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005451062,0.00020801158,0.00031830376,0.00022941132,0.00035271188,0.00030967258,0.00013158334,0.00029429,0.00014966734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023050356,0.000017412245,0.00008443891,0.000037961177,0.000008229513,0.00003703657,0.000013385504,0.0000769786,0.9987791,0.000029163859,0.00001184921,0.0006739042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004593448,0.00005420982,0.0006464957,0.0000015931313,0.000009602131,0.000018628905,0.0000056895906,0.00020751003,0.9988788,0.0000040467157,0.00016554669,0.0000032114197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033840227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037249897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033840227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003777193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034436153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006728649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968469838","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.03.036","title":"Study on the thin film composite poly(piperazine-amide) nanofiltration membrane: Impacts of physicochemical properties of substrate on interfacial polymerization formation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education; Marathon","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanofiltration; Polysulfone; Interfacial polymerization; Polyetherimide; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Piperazine; Substrate (aquarium); Layer (electronics); Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.022022657607389542,"score_gpt":0.24594732261963947,"score_spread":0.22392466501224995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968469838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99741507,0.00053696794,0.0013087568,0.000031940523,0.0000068366066,0.000009074029,0.00004590684,0.000010225613,0.0006352458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972548,0.0004975865,0.0011991794,0.00002020847,0.000007307041,0.000008019132,0.000058810812,0.0000057454185,0.0009484183],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994123,0.000006285015,0.0000027230847,0.000016524938,0.000019519568,0.00001360722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999311,0.000020175468,0.000015747517,0.0000041021094,0.000021080466,0.000007787718],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012533859,0.00019636717,0.00015304331,0.00008216608,0.00018752686,0.00012620665,0.00012176031,0.00017428955,0.00081459014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013176892,0.00009483845,0.00021716807,0.00010028094,0.00011381993,0.0002726751,0.00008000335,0.00034391042,0.00011170826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023334716,0.00000819249,0.000068937734,0.000030705774,0.0000019405645,0.000027617401,0.00001538162,0.000031438198,0.9993166,0.000021376025,0.000006604035,0.00044792765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024333467,0.00008702187,0.0017155253,0.0000016285912,0.000008149786,0.00005692032,0.000018688288,0.00049825746,0.99735415,0.000009402117,0.000245891,0.0000019644579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087466143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007941308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00087466143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014103646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013107229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027250648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968975624","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.022","title":"Nanofiltration membrane bioreactor for removing pharmaceutical compounds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Biodegradation; Activated sludge; Degradation (telecommunications); Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.038749719410292524,"score_gpt":0.32206362695710816,"score_spread":0.2833139075468156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968975624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9581384,0.0026367253,0.035112604,0.00045328424,0.00024203463,0.00009582497,0.00043463876,0.00031868025,0.002567861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95541495,0.0019746188,0.033118602,0.00036039428,0.00008985003,0.00007338264,0.000551963,0.000043709006,0.008372433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998555,0.000013139234,0.000010725648,0.000029378734,0.00006711635,0.000024090814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999213,0.000013042792,0.00001317468,0.0000044555027,0.000033241962,0.000014682205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029603558,0.00038964584,0.0003199973,0.00026356254,0.0005341763,0.00023857925,0.00033881888,0.00049883296,0.000980162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017331941,0.000117574724,0.0004925911,0.00013180196,0.00011575354,0.00048154758,0.00024818748,0.0005846616,0.0004795006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042818858,0.000025938649,0.000079420795,0.000034379613,0.000004432863,0.000021072112,0.00000964196,0.00003340905,0.99755484,0.000039953076,0.00007275131,0.0020814075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010834504,0.00013883319,0.0011747505,0.0000071845307,0.000021733922,0.00008179308,0.000016123424,0.0010476816,0.9956464,0.000041042375,0.0018070817,0.000006499212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002214819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037688853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002214819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055734324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061436335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00440377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969093665","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.010","title":"State-of-the-art of membrane bioreactors: Worldwide research and commercial applications in North America","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":586,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; China; Business; Engineering; Political science","score_opus":0.027561321722960573,"score_gpt":0.31049703147270474,"score_spread":0.2829357097497442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969093665","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.160405,0.771612,0.019499518,0.017117126,0.00031309912,0.00007955286,0.00055648823,0.00026420373,0.030153042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.56297445,0.40234274,0.025750116,0.0017587916,0.00060770963,0.00007645206,0.0010033983,0.00008069443,0.005405626],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99483705,0.001051675,0.0006204421,0.00096887053,0.0021564958,0.00036539708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98028916,0.005471332,0.003581645,0.000874972,0.008946529,0.00083636644],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011984722,0.0007172005,0.001129195,0.0037399463,0.0012898865,0.0057000746,0.0018691436,0.0023337477,0.0034320937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007435678,0.0005310124,0.0006235161,0.006174648,0.0031231793,0.0052541564,0.0014244907,0.0013699286,0.0011285315],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00071686215,0.00039971064,0.021224689,0.0033003015,0.00012426346,0.00024173215,0.00094025815,0.0017666167,0.057909545,0.008554002,0.0051584207,0.89966357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000058838308,0.0022888677,0.18182765,0.0059094857,0.00069959875,0.0044412813,0.005996491,0.008266634,0.16517065,0.01413777,0.61081785,0.00038491347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012180183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022406284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012180183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005384992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007457696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06338203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969423728","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2010.09.085","title":"Flux decline during cross flow membrane filtration of electrolytic solution in presence of charged nano-colloids: A simple electrokinetic model","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Water Research Institute; Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrolyte; Concentration polarization; Colloid; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Polarization (electrochemistry); Nano-; Electrophoresis; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical physics; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Electrode; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.007206017341105399,"score_gpt":0.264615244876193,"score_spread":0.2574092275350876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969423728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951434,0.0003394247,0.0032930945,0.00012059828,0.00003554416,0.000018685565,0.00028383482,0.00011048382,0.0006547873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810696,0.0002111425,0.0007209523,0.000036450067,0.000010779378,0.000013571719,0.00018436083,0.000011696318,0.00070405967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998153,0.00002264694,0.000008116846,0.000042272826,0.000054315788,0.000057319245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964094,0.00019323268,0.000042993765,0.000026961576,0.00006701888,0.000028833118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038720932,0.000346437,0.0005457758,0.00029489837,0.0003133848,0.00045147026,0.0004936083,0.0011995758,0.0010063732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059855235,0.00013525007,0.0004231449,0.00026835004,0.0003704362,0.0006785082,0.00020674494,0.00057859614,0.00022135075],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012618608,0.00013315723,0.0008654119,0.00008680777,0.000014549347,0.0002125879,0.00010456127,0.0009305217,0.9929751,0.00023866707,0.00019329527,0.0029834951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039311042,0.00061784906,0.006544615,0.000010931607,0.000019445775,0.0001546533,0.00006724701,0.023318004,0.96848184,0.00017650612,0.00054377515,0.000026022914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001697408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00070553634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001697408,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053323194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002406509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038689375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969843749","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.09.034","title":"Development and characterization of novel hydrophilic surface modifying macromolecule for polymeric membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Fouling; PEG ratio; Contact angle; Ethylene oxide; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.021744952359866038,"score_gpt":0.2542599050715617,"score_spread":0.23251495271169567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969843749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96057254,0.001552238,0.036147762,0.000110423374,0.00003569039,0.0000996355,0.00010033473,0.00011661953,0.0012647678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96078277,0.0011063671,0.03342326,0.000070948736,0.000018312878,0.0001140555,0.00030552628,0.000050069237,0.004128718],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988675,0.000015681826,0.000008669837,0.000026362788,0.00004030071,0.000022200331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998292,0.000034557845,0.00004157855,0.000019452234,0.000048966187,0.000026164758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026422323,0.00034921014,0.0002008624,0.00021115407,0.00017234989,0.00022878397,0.00022198501,0.00047579032,0.00045173135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030545433,0.00016357384,0.00023113306,0.00011815444,0.00017063523,0.0003356849,0.0001682809,0.0004001439,0.00019726381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074979957,0.000006419568,0.000035368965,0.000010080018,0.0000012348877,0.000010480761,0.0000049277082,0.000029209703,0.9992449,0.000035222267,0.0000054468346,0.0006092834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021006617,0.00006310971,0.00029843586,0.0000011550703,0.0000034227946,0.00004200158,0.0000037972213,0.00034998814,0.99855655,0.000010286051,0.00066749984,0.0000015996819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034407622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046947185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047579032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025634008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019404046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018599033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970541525","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n10p47","title":"Preparation of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Tubur Membranes with Superior Properties","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimethylacetamide; Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Coagulation; Solvent; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012164020278506537,"score_gpt":0.2352862251802525,"score_spread":0.22312220490174595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970541525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9213663,0.0020914143,0.072683886,0.00028178183,0.00007045561,0.00013480823,0.00053296186,0.0003876907,0.0024508086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9083814,0.0018456627,0.08329668,0.000097497286,0.00003690943,0.00015100761,0.0011806857,0.000112456095,0.004897782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980706,0.000023028453,0.000022335955,0.000035057114,0.000081745486,0.000030791507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998599,0.000014929945,0.000038536007,0.000014643603,0.000054370397,0.000017624285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043930637,0.00037144686,0.00037186354,0.0002145481,0.00023927129,0.000269792,0.00019073131,0.00049674686,0.00047292133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002966897,0.00012855939,0.00034118976,0.0002541472,0.0001484163,0.0005349967,0.00021290926,0.00046528006,0.0003992114],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011878061,0.000006662028,0.00003343098,0.0000346335,0.0000016802098,0.000026132842,0.000009099993,0.000039789724,0.99848574,0.00006268548,0.000015396072,0.0012728753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000362235,0.000055561613,0.0005451656,0.0000030481758,0.0000052261476,0.00010447143,0.0000056684144,0.00030687245,0.9975298,0.00003120436,0.0014066088,0.0000028266772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023066129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038857566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00049674686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024916243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002057024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023232698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971137497","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2008.06.072","title":"Fouling characterization of electrodialysis membranes used for the recovery and concentration of ammonia from swine manure","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Electrodialysis; Conductivity; Manure; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011030690653981184,"score_gpt":0.21153668322775307,"score_spread":0.20050599257377189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971137497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970716,0.00025793468,0.0022715684,0.00003440887,0.00001368351,0.000006195218,0.00007447813,0.000011544714,0.00025850325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99635434,0.00023769542,0.0019345992,0.00003782383,0.000005825685,0.0000112849875,0.00019365642,0.00000963709,0.0012151654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998306,0.000026371394,0.000018312176,0.000026845324,0.000061871884,0.000035896024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979156,0.00007808603,0.000029817344,0.000014580927,0.00006839736,0.000017584567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003070245,0.00022329499,0.00020194933,0.00023930483,0.00030395275,0.00033108162,0.0002147153,0.0005517224,0.0004014749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005865498,0.0001590453,0.00029394595,0.00017258013,0.00018464701,0.00028090188,0.00015111137,0.0002252696,0.00016141738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063711086,0.0000075312187,0.00019506154,0.0000112273065,0.000002879094,0.000018351573,0.000015425627,0.00003868579,0.99890184,0.000013083135,0.000009583791,0.0007225872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027210406,0.000069715956,0.0024680332,0.0000020252726,0.000004902611,0.000052050276,0.000020188847,0.00035690516,0.9967303,0.000011454031,0.0002792353,0.0000025370045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011081774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011471534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011081774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026861497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018265288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022034645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971202652","doi":"10.1039/c3tb21681k","title":"Control of biofouling on reverse osmosis polyamide membranes modified with biocidal nanoparticles and antifouling polymer brushes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":201,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Materials science; Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Chemical engineering; Silver nanoparticle; Adhesion; Polyamide; Polymer; Surface modification; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.008209078956083029,"score_gpt":0.20550985638854896,"score_spread":0.19730077743246593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971202652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99400264,0.00091791566,0.0044006975,0.000049512284,0.000030352103,0.00004205914,0.000058502526,0.000065647124,0.00043275443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99079937,0.0010402421,0.00707421,0.000042582138,0.000015144327,0.0000717336,0.000081293656,0.000025920024,0.00084943924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996847,0.000043439202,0.000030736748,0.00008673788,0.00009296994,0.00006145166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973625,0.000062425635,0.00008278765,0.000017748565,0.00007297009,0.000027820293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031618058,0.0005777387,0.00040812246,0.00018131745,0.00016937265,0.0004859415,0.00024108657,0.00044436214,0.00033362594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038514464,0.00021773139,0.00030779236,0.00015741044,0.00026514055,0.0003068741,0.0002468334,0.00043115942,0.00019791379],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010666705,0.0000043496257,0.000019486457,0.000011330558,0.0000013296816,0.000005562624,0.0000048173615,0.00001782831,0.9996377,0.0000066278717,0.000003293386,0.00027686817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033293245,0.0000367388,0.00033730475,0.0000013354148,0.000003852027,0.00001122028,0.0000045444153,0.0004351984,0.9989786,0.0000036417955,0.00018230951,0.0000020538894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051748723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006699817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005777387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003967312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001698865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002878487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971360386","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2014.03.007","title":"Optimization of coagulant dose for biopolymer removal: Impact on ultrafiltration fouling and retention of organic micropollutants","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biopolymer; Coagulation; Alum; Chromatography; Organic matter; Water treatment; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Permeation; Environmental chemistry; Polymer; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009167985556210652,"score_gpt":0.23470767827784314,"score_spread":0.2255396927216325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971360386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99816966,0.00051323185,0.0008708585,0.000033616347,0.00001325144,0.000015905911,0.000069363676,0.000021069178,0.00029307354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99727255,0.00042979614,0.0015875084,0.000029631407,0.0000060193884,0.000012377254,0.00006866099,0.000012859536,0.00058046856],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997807,0.000034540488,0.000034045348,0.000054297227,0.000054144377,0.00004228761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997751,0.000068536225,0.00006041107,0.000017885872,0.000049312708,0.000028696253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027386393,0.0004066018,0.00032268374,0.00023758544,0.00019396721,0.00043942535,0.00028175642,0.0004642646,0.000802753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005798985,0.00015762974,0.00029455527,0.00021484247,0.00017646427,0.00027329192,0.00016306447,0.000282616,0.00018691724],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055852614,0.00010356042,0.00030083396,0.000039836108,0.000012244102,0.00003062513,0.000017342501,0.00035703494,0.9964535,0.000016187882,0.000022003407,0.0020882934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016709504,0.00046464827,0.0016464746,0.0000043503755,0.000032558626,0.000026142985,0.0000107975875,0.0007612227,0.99676645,0.000008818576,0.00025576784,0.000006013763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011311193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016031341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011311193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027007126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030091743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026854873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971639451","doi":"10.1002/app.31108","title":"The art of surface modification of synthetic polymeric membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":286,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Surface modification; Materials science; Polymer; Grafting; Polymeric membrane; Synthetic membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.010519366380563583,"score_gpt":0.24442630570204105,"score_spread":0.23390693932147746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971639451","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03271692,0.69838244,0.19189017,0.006242683,0.00629982,0.00016690743,0.00026978718,0.00053802796,0.0634933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27841306,0.5477854,0.092538305,0.0060564927,0.0033619164,0.000511796,0.0006588344,0.00028992796,0.070384234],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905914,0.00017222988,0.000058808204,0.00015266378,0.0005090171,0.000048093345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971133,0.000107165826,0.00004702186,0.00005003504,0.00007327895,0.000011022047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006258749,0.00057483243,0.0005763867,0.000691818,0.00036247188,0.0008983018,0.00058346,0.0009614826,0.0020506391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006298603,0.0002900784,0.0005559911,0.00057356333,0.00095431565,0.00092915207,0.0005898805,0.0018119989,0.0021497828],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081210266,0.00011673976,0.00026843167,0.0051470483,0.00009957294,0.00046361375,0.00029878708,0.0019185034,0.55236024,0.043765932,0.012004366,0.38347548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011599562,0.00022730122,0.00045008157,0.0003254391,0.000031899966,0.0014311012,0.000051950883,0.001252586,0.3694553,0.011612949,0.6151086,0.00004124125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018840523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015898573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020506391,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045548542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000268543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0068600774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972968559","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.04.009","title":"Rational design of phase inversion membranes by tailoring thermodynamics and kinetics of casting solution using polymer additives","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":319,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Casting; Polymer; Polyethylene glycol; Kinetics; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.02955810156377163,"score_gpt":0.2654606050457575,"score_spread":0.23590250348198588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972968559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92117393,0.0018694232,0.07351044,0.00018449065,0.00007224985,0.00019726552,0.00013020053,0.0003089413,0.002553077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95879436,0.001568413,0.03832594,0.000042617095,0.000011265719,0.00008110189,0.000079274556,0.00007221555,0.0010248217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998354,0.00002431477,0.000018636203,0.000031848827,0.00005196578,0.00003785927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984133,0.000050737566,0.000047024118,0.000010435816,0.00003642319,0.000013961149],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004555334,0.00053684687,0.0005067074,0.0003241471,0.00027468606,0.00071864354,0.00050076505,0.0003735831,0.00042497148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006750394,0.00042138222,0.00034997202,0.00028603317,0.0002221309,0.0007012873,0.0003306687,0.00093839224,0.00025947668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015666334,0.00013860608,0.00026611646,0.00018089938,0.000019271509,0.000055076198,0.000034276574,0.011300165,0.97476393,0.0016658972,0.00007281729,0.011346216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021028882,0.00011489557,0.000106894455,0.000007364906,0.000014964178,0.000017981058,0.00000989266,0.019648029,0.97872293,0.00017525832,0.001152834,0.000007895222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070056587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022724418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071864354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006671949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081934436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048409104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974080890","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00381-1","title":"A study of mass transfer in the membrane air-stripping process using microporous polyproplylene hollow fibers","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Membrane; Microporous material; Mass transfer coefficient; Diffusion; Stripping (fiber); Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021682112913352033,"score_gpt":0.2804179077653239,"score_spread":0.25873579485197185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974080890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99730647,0.0004259877,0.0016651092,0.000025504474,0.0000067542182,0.000008120118,0.000020289543,0.000013109562,0.00052871177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99779737,0.00024345351,0.0010770955,0.000008844188,0.0000050896606,0.0000042968427,0.000027582779,0.0000044442577,0.00083180144],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998851,0.000015609196,0.0000044906315,0.000022883432,0.000047519923,0.000024307006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988353,0.00006463969,0.00001366842,0.000007872893,0.000021498561,0.00000876164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022887366,0.00018192669,0.00022674871,0.0001177684,0.00040798422,0.00022286046,0.00027966517,0.0003794459,0.00057298114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021578395,0.000091687456,0.0002778039,0.000112206166,0.00022698817,0.00045538906,0.00011342868,0.00028371345,0.00014123603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009394167,0.000016992599,0.00015820104,0.000037871945,0.0000034884695,0.00003605948,0.000036135905,0.00015173385,0.9977864,0.00008288426,0.000012293814,0.0015840417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003760931,0.00013304336,0.00092739874,0.0000012368087,0.0000048297247,0.00003774238,0.000023358109,0.0015945932,0.9969441,0.000020936655,0.0003059876,0.0000028670406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002487153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011057705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002487153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002814391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019784927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049453974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974548318","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.276","title":"Improving the performance of membrane bioreactors by powdered activated carbon dosing with cost considerations","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Dosing; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Membrane; Bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chromatography; Activated carbon; Membrane reactor; Fouling; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Adsorption; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.006892967314688623,"score_gpt":0.20874167694021709,"score_spread":0.20184870962552845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974548318","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97966385,0.0019988883,0.01580521,0.00039311097,0.00007027456,0.00021515317,0.00023129985,0.00023526406,0.0013868684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9582939,0.0012126261,0.038596302,0.000095219555,0.000044684555,0.00013187715,0.00026811857,0.000050754228,0.0013065573],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991042,0.00013390288,0.000093502276,0.000108301014,0.0004811568,0.00007895487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934417,0.00015954385,0.00015727436,0.000068614114,0.0002388174,0.00003158328],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000562781,0.0012128772,0.000980409,0.0005784395,0.0003923536,0.0009944385,0.0008665015,0.0010832915,0.00080948626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014320313,0.00029996646,0.0007536041,0.00066971447,0.00027618528,0.0010937351,0.000401301,0.0006435678,0.00041061244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001797716,0.000097165845,0.00039687715,0.00015846643,0.000020567864,0.000053376458,0.000009368079,0.0011270253,0.98857003,0.000049910057,0.0000447451,0.009292646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019084295,0.00083753566,0.002224264,0.0000066212074,0.000045581663,0.00012049298,0.000020418536,0.005053251,0.99068916,0.000049189646,0.0009199109,0.000014398796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001705876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002185908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001705876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009560234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052810425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069364905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975211603","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.06.050","title":"The elastic and moisture transfer properties of polyethylene and polypropylene membranes for use in liquid-to-air energy exchangers","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Composite material; Moisture; Permeation; Humidity; Relative humidity; Polypropylene; Elastic modulus; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01869046999123412,"score_gpt":0.2383270545455712,"score_spread":0.2196365845543371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975211603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976955,0.0007017906,0.001006033,0.000048777147,0.000010241147,0.000009192501,0.000051399726,0.0000057789525,0.00047120714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978294,0.00048048398,0.0007736226,0.000022378337,0.000008238075,0.000010872217,0.00009154325,0.0000048104353,0.000778801],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985933,0.000036156387,0.00001114787,0.00001414103,0.0000541849,0.00002490995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965453,0.00017993108,0.000069235386,0.000017364397,0.00005267602,0.000026214384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060203584,0.00019691259,0.00010599387,0.00026875688,0.0002026296,0.00025437775,0.00018819071,0.00040047267,0.00071140594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009392492,0.000177327,0.00025088043,0.00019197766,0.00022256508,0.00064612104,0.00017167431,0.00040950597,0.00017072231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008386005,0.00009050098,0.0014178725,0.00009980157,0.000013570986,0.00009455116,0.0000734702,0.0007743551,0.9881144,0.00017245265,0.000064070475,0.008246419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019812296,0.00065423804,0.009917019,0.0000073845854,0.000017187516,0.0001316424,0.000054382148,0.0016637439,0.98670596,0.00005076719,0.0007665288,0.000011393683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002811122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042225886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071140594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017002082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001285301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031839013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976163699","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.020","title":"Treatment of basal water using a hybrid electrodialysis reversal–reverse osmosis system combined with a low-temperature crystallizer for near-zero liquid discharge","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Canadian Natural Resources","funders":"","keywords":"Brine; Desalination; Electrodialysis; Reverse osmosis; Aquifer; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Turbidity; Waste management; Environmental science; Groundwater; Membrane; Geology; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.01534129596512605,"score_gpt":0.2364271595241365,"score_spread":0.22108586355901047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976163699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98646253,0.00040981616,0.011378931,0.00010620596,0.000057577934,0.0000434442,0.00018497474,0.00014601859,0.001210559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885555,0.00036449035,0.008996882,0.000052874708,0.000012670171,0.000037424623,0.00019016759,0.000027937569,0.0017620727],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999088,0.000006703948,0.000006746889,0.000028732185,0.000030477755,0.000018400158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999672,0.000005504247,0.000006727378,0.0000036503568,0.0000102300955,0.0000066766042],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010951903,0.00028607488,0.00039309787,0.00013392694,0.00026544355,0.00046576196,0.00029253575,0.00028436552,0.00055346795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009493228,0.00011691633,0.00024495597,0.0001253282,0.0001629614,0.00037145024,0.00027069586,0.00047991233,0.00024275862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003597348,0.000010326971,0.00007998278,0.000015312571,0.0000025407228,0.000014058495,0.0000070895458,0.000051464805,0.99852246,0.000028273093,0.000028865341,0.0012037203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055330283,0.00003874263,0.00036052265,0.0000012196531,0.00000413604,0.000017876173,0.0000075405073,0.00079574285,0.9981919,0.0000114669,0.0005619382,0.0000034038005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011036784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002045538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011036784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032886915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003413515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023860931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976192198","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.050","title":"Pharmaceutical and personal care products removal from drinking water by modified cellulose acetate membrane: Field testing","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products; Chemistry; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Purified water; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014232569138139535,"score_gpt":0.2137452913197404,"score_spread":0.19951272218160088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976192198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99861205,0.000099771125,0.0007747043,0.000040379553,0.000012055596,0.000028145658,0.00009721857,0.000014064101,0.000321702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942526,0.00035915378,0.0027660814,0.000050818413,0.000015324955,0.00004863762,0.00019095463,0.00001339181,0.0023030418],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993381,0.00013475753,0.000051158193,0.000175413,0.00019186344,0.000108684406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939597,0.00019649537,0.00007053805,0.000054910102,0.0002289106,0.000053192027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006932499,0.0005533999,0.0005406641,0.00029609315,0.0007131042,0.00042673273,0.00061382516,0.0010677538,0.0010093441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007821547,0.00032499834,0.00063533295,0.0004225768,0.00036616222,0.00053747353,0.0003363868,0.00052203797,0.0002965231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007403248,0.00040375712,0.0012676335,0.00012082889,0.000021587408,0.000059295297,0.0001498689,0.00050212577,0.99295276,0.00002324399,0.000072608425,0.0036859552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000533314,0.0031217255,0.0030991798,0.000008398457,0.000037304853,0.00008685054,0.00016283542,0.0010892474,0.99169415,0.000024522726,0.0006100741,0.000012364231],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008522755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006631026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008522755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000568308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000594831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016946256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976288832","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.01.053","title":"Reversible and irreversible membrane fouling during in-line microfiltration of concentrated protein solutions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Bovine serum albumin; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0260580299843637,"score_gpt":0.2429738565824674,"score_spread":0.21691582659810368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976288832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985171,0.00020869848,0.000824597,0.000028129083,0.000013543079,0.000006674798,0.00003097317,0.000019939545,0.00035028887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860865,0.0001480124,0.0003980692,0.000019060883,0.0000076097854,0.000005534985,0.00004460188,0.000009171864,0.0007592576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978834,0.0000295461,0.000008078948,0.000029820972,0.000053696593,0.000090400805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997918,0.000081818325,0.000040170726,0.00002648987,0.000038919057,0.000020805108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029658957,0.00025052045,0.0002863303,0.00011052809,0.0003742176,0.00029560263,0.00046661848,0.0003863316,0.0008935691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000617798,0.00013632826,0.0001980754,0.00012810624,0.00030556266,0.00043378797,0.00018174325,0.000507056,0.00014974526],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039353903,0.00005082383,0.00032910059,0.000041371095,0.000011876088,0.00006707799,0.00010110389,0.00014860998,0.9959959,0.000051493007,0.0000711234,0.0027380376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000477059,0.000068703535,0.0011998863,0.0000010757649,0.000004898746,0.000031701988,0.000016485485,0.00048223272,0.9980572,0.0000097938255,0.00011986979,0.000003439819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015687774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019194941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015687774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005193435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021128517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003768146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976683347","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.05.012","title":"Porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite membranes: Estimation of the hydrophobic-layer thickness","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Phase inversion; Materials science; Polymer; Composite number; Porosity; Casting; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Layer (electronics); Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.01140785790544247,"score_gpt":0.25133838212926957,"score_spread":0.2399305242238271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976683347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83197975,0.0052677793,0.15868744,0.0001267749,0.00007638052,0.00009996388,0.0008093188,0.00053479313,0.0024178415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9100203,0.0017769475,0.08580811,0.000068516776,0.000036897927,0.00008418445,0.0005081991,0.000044762543,0.0016520412],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969697,0.00006738738,0.000016148835,0.00006288554,0.00012456694,0.000032096475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994492,0.00026178636,0.0000777471,0.000035881065,0.00013079392,0.0000445479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062271254,0.00036885677,0.00030290178,0.0006789235,0.00024148084,0.00033678018,0.0003149567,0.00076859246,0.00038183643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092762226,0.0004576273,0.00023558755,0.0003740901,0.00031577662,0.00048993836,0.00028179673,0.0006965047,0.0002518698],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022213723,0.000012305953,0.00063900306,0.000043820954,0.000009030788,0.0000138646965,0.000011994821,0.00011837798,0.99575293,0.000057249035,0.000024854036,0.003094392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064977835,0.00006095741,0.004061735,0.000003994458,0.000021097278,0.00009256283,0.000009793244,0.00325448,0.9921617,0.000049518145,0.0002697067,0.000007952964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00133273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016626108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00133273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030303147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027314294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032932758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976830770","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21974","title":"Effect of pH on fouling attachments and power consumption in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Volumetric flow rate; Particle (ecology); Ionic strength; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Aqueous solution; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006489208357041564,"score_gpt":0.21532647208343772,"score_spread":0.20883726372639616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976830770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976497,0.0009122243,0.0010309668,0.000037941187,0.000019060204,0.000009961336,0.00004300608,0.00001772014,0.00027951872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99713886,0.0007587954,0.0014281479,0.000047014786,0.00001051203,0.000011864051,0.000055814624,0.0000084613985,0.0005406368],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975246,0.00005782261,0.00002130598,0.000049433118,0.00007714399,0.000041854553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996915,0.000106216845,0.00009062484,0.000016119173,0.00006179735,0.000033763416],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033282948,0.00041141943,0.00029520525,0.0001220812,0.00013204965,0.00033310216,0.00016693874,0.00038636976,0.00046276874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054282433,0.00016185649,0.00025016698,0.00012107192,0.00017173588,0.00038091387,0.00017630061,0.00043815185,0.000117172916],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014643275,0.000018369963,0.00026715995,0.00005725897,0.0000074483432,0.00003598297,0.000024907044,0.000063880776,0.998185,0.000008402108,0.000007734731,0.0011773392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053848466,0.00030262477,0.0028453069,0.0000039663437,0.000012445691,0.00003913099,0.000020266922,0.00031653137,0.9962649,0.000006101231,0.00017841757,0.000004968229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059859006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006135295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00059859006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020522946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014730517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017601848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977021507","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.08.007","title":"Impact of support media in an integrated biofilter–submerged membrane system","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilter; Chemistry; Formic acid; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Formaldehyde; Pulp and paper industry; Permeation; Humic acid; Acetic acid; Chromatography; Backwashing; Water quality; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06734089460329816,"score_gpt":0.36391582917467846,"score_spread":0.2965749345713803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977021507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992292,0.00016320904,0.00029977225,0.000031573236,0.00001686408,0.0000051940387,0.000041039493,0.000015917452,0.00019722058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987984,0.00016021202,0.00056388276,0.000021152897,0.000007749752,0.0000059106583,0.00006767952,0.0000058184837,0.00036925258],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958926,0.000050184757,0.000029994077,0.00007060447,0.00015572326,0.00010424358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993482,0.00021349249,0.00010460879,0.000030880867,0.00018992202,0.00011285715],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033161987,0.00053613255,0.0006493971,0.00037739731,0.0008360744,0.0017386815,0.0006463779,0.0008591768,0.0011123917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007628974,0.00024319832,0.0004695417,0.0002883963,0.0002934649,0.00085464807,0.0006888026,0.00048522567,0.00024511883],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028555111,0.00026596765,0.0021149595,0.00013120628,0.00004588049,0.00012537223,0.00004814029,0.002033374,0.98570836,0.00008984815,0.00008281052,0.0064985924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007511571,0.0013035988,0.0034500414,0.000011571084,0.000102224425,0.000041697498,0.00013581595,0.008114681,0.9862493,0.000042602263,0.0004581328,0.00001527561],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009840876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008393378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009840876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010472095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009552963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019567192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977710956","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n10p21","title":"Impact of Coagulation Agents on the Performance of Flotation Unit for the Treatment of Industrial Waste Water","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Alum; Bentonite; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.06016236008166653,"score_gpt":0.29069658938101645,"score_spread":0.2305342292993499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977710956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99878114,0.00038896778,0.0004889772,0.000017715789,0.0000113298465,0.0000159375,0.000037411657,0.000023876923,0.00023468366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967179,0.00042660563,0.0020904853,0.000026636319,0.000010253401,0.00001525909,0.000097207005,0.000012082911,0.0006036523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996958,0.00006792825,0.00003853949,0.00005614826,0.00008967796,0.000051954365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996308,0.00014751324,0.000080412094,0.000021042028,0.000073002135,0.000047135072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029839398,0.00048936566,0.0004484962,0.0002507867,0.0002028378,0.00045541686,0.0003525322,0.00052551297,0.00052245456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007156965,0.00020103561,0.0003259612,0.00016729393,0.00017002082,0.0002574491,0.00017929685,0.00041007219,0.00021920011],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043508428,0.00012087779,0.0006211296,0.000095765296,0.000013067169,0.00004215379,0.000038008322,0.00024059004,0.9952435,0.000011185046,0.000015869331,0.0031227905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011951073,0.0016779639,0.0042165825,0.00000779833,0.000033111206,0.00005205776,0.00002114849,0.0005682826,0.9930763,0.000004806484,0.00032303724,0.000006934385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016856464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017365086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016856464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002020799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020521184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033516288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978481460","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.10.039","title":"Novel modified PVDF ultrafiltration flat-sheet membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Permeation; PEG ratio; Polyethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.041081194270629395,"score_gpt":0.25514306172630363,"score_spread":0.21406186745567424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978481460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626626,0.00294778,0.031105893,0.0001522782,0.00018088933,0.00006325184,0.0002154807,0.00031966876,0.002352245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9670496,0.00129175,0.024663512,0.00012274591,0.000040465187,0.000054396267,0.00027680586,0.000036475583,0.006464281],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985313,0.000012130934,0.00001039566,0.000034647142,0.0000554929,0.00003411074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992466,0.00001097228,0.000018142497,0.000008567889,0.000027681763,0.000009985955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001668458,0.00044560584,0.00035152992,0.00017099161,0.000183383,0.00037833193,0.0005622681,0.0006707675,0.0005868356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015714845,0.00022000288,0.00039113077,0.000126266,0.00012102966,0.00050306506,0.00016848414,0.00043033305,0.0003678423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003286769,0.0000069322355,0.000022987222,0.000022698732,0.000003520767,0.000028215482,0.000005771791,0.000026920012,0.99860066,0.000039503117,0.000025525691,0.0011843591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004532517,0.000050925308,0.00058327883,0.0000013575575,0.000007722552,0.000081197475,0.000004099711,0.00048416195,0.9976591,0.000017984605,0.001099952,0.0000056056615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004957866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008494419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006707675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030490325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001306195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002212286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978623831","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.026","title":"Flux characteristics at oscillating membrane equipped with turbulent promoters","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Flux (metallurgy); Mechanics; Physics; Amplitude; Classical mechanics; Chemistry; Optics","score_opus":0.00908309704565851,"score_gpt":0.20035022878573572,"score_spread":0.1912671317400772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978623831","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742955,0.00014354999,0.0012689868,0.000061522835,0.000014683489,0.000005423309,0.000187463,0.00005669393,0.000832235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99809533,0.000103437655,0.00044715844,0.000016798356,0.000009415398,0.000009723469,0.00023617939,0.000024792198,0.0010571106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999689,0.00006290987,0.000014672536,0.00005210669,0.00009846031,0.00008291276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989371,0.00056584936,0.00012019168,0.00004263305,0.00025846678,0.0000759108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048586738,0.0003267714,0.0004486623,0.00052229204,0.00052652776,0.0006417221,0.00044280017,0.00083229237,0.0017848518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008413779,0.00017303374,0.00034968872,0.000436614,0.0004882891,0.00056922744,0.00024895466,0.0005508972,0.00041613812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018247896,0.00007075002,0.0016647421,0.00006308145,0.000010574258,0.0001771535,0.0001582438,0.0010960329,0.9919877,0.00035126743,0.00015698044,0.0024388083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032066597,0.0005356393,0.007735424,0.000011742719,0.000014779167,0.000064498476,0.00012870714,0.007242149,0.9836759,0.000101987054,0.00043926816,0.000017921959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011792976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059752754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017848518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053443556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028556964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005970955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979217068","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2013.808675","title":"The effect of solids retention time on dissolved methane concentration in anaerobic membrane bioreactors","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Methane; Chemistry; Permeation; Bioreactor; Biomass (ecology); Dissolved organic carbon; Anaerobic oxidation of methane; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004455826518912206,"score_gpt":0.20663420985637976,"score_spread":0.20217838333746754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979217068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99828327,0.00061197934,0.0005738001,0.000059888043,0.000014935146,0.000007505811,0.00015707474,0.000030331843,0.00026114978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99755126,0.0004947341,0.0012705604,0.000038984195,0.000010717935,0.000019142224,0.00022217643,0.00002018635,0.00037227],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991806,0.00015864268,0.00011848305,0.0001603392,0.0002422126,0.00013974609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987607,0.00044973122,0.0003588469,0.00007258014,0.00024235292,0.000115789095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007301877,0.0006046777,0.0006674846,0.00028809073,0.00029223555,0.0007451291,0.0003665637,0.0004751658,0.0004868006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015002855,0.00026416403,0.00057746784,0.00043548172,0.0002843303,0.0007087012,0.0005240274,0.0005535985,0.00022406723],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005058394,0.000047312584,0.0013985421,0.00007086662,0.000020888085,0.000052980256,0.00004710315,0.0004277882,0.9945403,0.000016673393,0.000027952252,0.00284381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001592237,0.0011630073,0.007662333,0.000008884439,0.000042519707,0.000067504254,0.00008983712,0.0016503393,0.988694,0.000021966185,0.0005635404,0.000020096784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021611596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019316347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021611596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006583585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004431534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004776776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979383180","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.007","title":"Treatment of produced water streams in SAGD processes using tubular ceramic membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Total dissolved solids; Membrane; Fouling; Produced water; Suspended solids; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Permeation; Water treatment; Waste management; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.019675625044292985,"score_gpt":0.2582563495294812,"score_spread":0.2385807244851882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979383180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99727553,0.00017178882,0.0016364652,0.00005125413,0.000018582783,0.000015048824,0.000101046964,0.000031895117,0.0006984389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974873,0.00015803978,0.0012586561,0.000020993182,0.0000052311457,0.000006967106,0.00009790956,0.000008836147,0.00095604506],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999864,0.000018333354,0.00001286485,0.000021849917,0.000043317996,0.000039629325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999409,0.000012852778,0.000009185983,0.000004710077,0.000023081539,0.000009304552],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017507005,0.00020830969,0.0003650535,0.0002576043,0.00045565865,0.0005718136,0.00025176245,0.00038025356,0.000881683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021451844,0.00011068292,0.00040857913,0.00024481193,0.00021801017,0.00034790937,0.00026569449,0.0004882791,0.0002504942],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033191187,0.000057257443,0.001309336,0.00011031631,0.0000106557545,0.00010665419,0.000092337425,0.000458558,0.99109167,0.000121412755,0.000091388385,0.0062185717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009108955,0.00012609977,0.0010886164,0.0000036110496,0.0000086445,0.000024870804,0.000092943425,0.0015743609,0.9962185,0.00004020593,0.0008095545,0.0000034696734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019616587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029316538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019616587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004911644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038809516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039004683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979655369","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.63","title":"Preparation and Properties of Poly(ether imide) Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified with Polyether Diamine","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced materials research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Prince Edward Island","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Diamine; Contact angle; Materials science; Imide; Ether; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Absorption of water; Aqueous solution; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.036457683086249894,"score_gpt":0.31668791420705406,"score_spread":0.28023023112080414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979655369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97737837,0.0026980166,0.018710058,0.00010485797,0.0000462819,0.000040224677,0.00014861567,0.000087419314,0.0007861671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97036695,0.0023132914,0.024897564,0.00008098197,0.00002676726,0.000056613622,0.00033467423,0.000039696213,0.0018834047],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998872,0.000011187118,0.0000092968685,0.00002440289,0.000048952035,0.000018935574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999063,0.000015466767,0.000026090902,0.00000822445,0.000033176693,0.000010703937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022880972,0.00027019434,0.00022715944,0.00018648448,0.00019117592,0.00022563267,0.00016690118,0.00043453003,0.00027060686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002920768,0.00009916057,0.00026788886,0.00015049879,0.00012798586,0.00045895032,0.00011138501,0.00031799258,0.00019166342],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009463471,0.0000051256875,0.000061558225,0.000023863171,0.0000020997197,0.000020714402,0.000008269329,0.00003197021,0.99884677,0.000014991923,0.000005088152,0.00097010285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029786704,0.00007901834,0.00193059,0.0000031786255,0.000009362935,0.00015178503,0.000010614666,0.0003640106,0.9965497,0.000020734953,0.000872303,0.000005701732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048935914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004229068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00048935914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019462264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001224405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014120936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979717272","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2009.08.001","title":"A mass transport and hydrodynamic evaluation of membrane separation cell","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Permeance; Mass transfer; Permeation; Separation (statistics); Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01287894559051553,"score_gpt":0.25823301019039024,"score_spread":0.24535406459987472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979717272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883624,0.00031601085,0.009117197,0.000093335606,0.00002569237,0.000039990988,0.00027674876,0.0001279475,0.0016406715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913202,0.00021405815,0.0052114325,0.000022072263,0.000009355402,0.00002942883,0.0002767,0.00002201882,0.0028946602],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998184,0.000021325759,0.000009277806,0.00002860634,0.00009475219,0.00002761117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975926,0.000070992166,0.000018629757,0.00001573003,0.000112704874,0.000022710337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035958234,0.00021125638,0.0002736572,0.00029730043,0.0005020902,0.00042949474,0.00034004985,0.0005353438,0.00095008843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030564834,0.00009532588,0.00024919782,0.00022355445,0.00023382284,0.00045358675,0.00018389536,0.00034383748,0.00027198135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081755876,0.00003245635,0.00027996517,0.000013657033,0.000002168503,0.000018005429,0.000023705728,0.0003400221,0.9968616,0.00022286757,0.000056702786,0.0020670807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059537847,0.00011637034,0.0007923295,9.650818e-7,0.0000038670883,0.000016114498,0.00001875382,0.0058408454,0.9926044,0.00003204301,0.00056407653,0.000004288227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004497007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018691461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004497007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00096844183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054645457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00894171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979789935","doi":"10.1006/fstl.2000.0743","title":"Pilot Scale Recovery of Proteins from a Pea Whey Discharge by Ultrafiltration","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"LWT","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Parrheim Foods (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pea protein; Chromatography; Chemistry; Whey protein; Wet-milling; Whey protein isolate; Casein; Effluent; Total dissolved solids; Albumin; Membrane; Food science; Biochemistry; Microfiltration; Waste management","score_opus":0.012677637953620612,"score_gpt":0.21939059303481376,"score_spread":0.20671295508119314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979789935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99612635,0.00032852156,0.0026525632,0.0000714873,0.0000182857,0.00002551748,0.00018001616,0.00005581072,0.00054143305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939167,0.0005060176,0.0027596946,0.0000334795,0.0000067144056,0.000020281184,0.0003577787,0.000029241775,0.0023701794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987984,0.000010203655,0.0000072451485,0.000023143431,0.00004339075,0.000036179998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994636,0.000016651344,0.000007254743,0.000005777723,0.000012509599,0.000011436565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018402094,0.0003293498,0.000440406,0.00017790435,0.00038097854,0.00048554328,0.00025550582,0.00037944983,0.00070066005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023879202,0.00011323352,0.0003761022,0.00031029765,0.00021341577,0.00042782372,0.00031263637,0.0007210308,0.0002830399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010225174,0.00004398682,0.00010885057,0.00003150974,0.0000076013966,0.000054288197,0.00003438072,0.0001262938,0.9977381,0.000017977316,0.00003258309,0.0017021225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000109121465,0.00019195837,0.001908908,0.000003542405,0.000011381908,0.00004090937,0.000028450253,0.00053833204,0.99667287,0.000021885184,0.0005661352,0.000004649264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041060825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003439637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041060825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040222326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031739954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008164346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980021728","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.051","title":"Aluminum electrocoagulation pretreatment reduces fouling during surface water microfiltration","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Electrocoagulation; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Flocculation; Colloid; Membrane; Chromatography; Materials science","score_opus":0.02018148642160373,"score_gpt":0.23792592916133504,"score_spread":0.21774444273973131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980021728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99741286,0.0004405494,0.0015699542,0.00006056714,0.000024732562,0.0000062901677,0.00001852221,0.00004576873,0.0004207584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979121,0.00016902084,0.00089521933,0.00002690073,0.000008054979,0.0000033144665,0.000026983364,0.0000076023452,0.0009507818],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989724,0.000010459786,0.000006633457,0.000016120737,0.000028278639,0.000041244337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999131,0.000016086315,0.000024769604,0.000008659234,0.000026498541,0.000010951246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013025184,0.00023292768,0.00021462217,0.00020722313,0.00025807408,0.0003084151,0.00021858195,0.00036396686,0.0007979745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022877613,0.00014487853,0.00022854676,0.00014455922,0.00017285613,0.00032470754,0.00014950146,0.00031423056,0.00018875443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011705455,0.000021102567,0.00017392526,0.00001831034,0.0000033493172,0.000028671639,0.00001835839,0.000086522414,0.99708253,0.000020666756,0.00003619799,0.0023932885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037228153,0.00006460288,0.0009449264,8.347017e-7,0.000005162839,0.000017263066,0.00001272861,0.00037695415,0.9983474,0.000008708333,0.00021620948,0.0000016592144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016525743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030691277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016525743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027095046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022908629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032859445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980366144","doi":"10.1002/aic.14422","title":"Membrane distillation enhanced by an asymmetric electric field","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission; Tianjin Science and Technology Committee; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electric field; Permeation; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Chemistry; Desalination; Flux (metallurgy); Electrode; Voltage; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Electric potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006743611146429702,"score_gpt":0.23836992474556304,"score_spread":0.23162631359913333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980366144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92614985,0.0024644516,0.066681474,0.00042639874,0.00018910902,0.00007968862,0.000086320055,0.00027246037,0.0036502334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758177,0.0009088808,0.021693092,0.000086296124,0.000029106965,0.000033841006,0.000048927468,0.000011486426,0.0013707216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987507,0.000016711387,0.000010339441,0.000026546755,0.000044860986,0.000026453903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990916,0.000024931394,0.000018843646,0.000008061423,0.000025681353,0.000013348797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020830077,0.00045407325,0.0005217432,0.00022592585,0.0002577829,0.00035880844,0.00038814417,0.0005940673,0.0005556523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002407163,0.0002171188,0.00027947858,0.00023834867,0.00031970002,0.0010081707,0.0005162356,0.00070221897,0.00020596695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052750744,0.000022039603,0.000072125855,0.00008055127,0.000003694247,0.000076887925,0.0000148317395,0.0004499171,0.99317414,0.001069103,0.00004756583,0.0049363943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017124805,0.00006661363,0.00016258226,0.0000022081724,0.0000070155097,0.000101811755,0.0000043968057,0.007925275,0.9898936,0.00014011178,0.0016707974,0.000008528463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004594988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047517533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005940673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038796477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003183329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002814889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980470054","doi":"10.1021/es100442g","title":"Characterization of Soluble Microbial Products and Their Fouling Impacts in Membrane Bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Size-exclusion chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0057001824446873805,"score_gpt":0.20174381635243258,"score_spread":0.1960436339077452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980470054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975151,0.000440171,0.0017713121,0.000020004596,0.0000029342507,0.000011254549,0.00007865769,0.000009624965,0.00015099405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957445,0.000628959,0.0028097164,0.000017106091,0.0000042460806,0.000027867929,0.00019631533,0.000008205432,0.00056295266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994935,0.00011191872,0.000046742713,0.00007014764,0.00020882668,0.000068913585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971193,0.000087983106,0.00006792495,0.000018732791,0.000083050865,0.000030286217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005074687,0.00033188463,0.00043007242,0.00032263514,0.00025053264,0.00052822253,0.00017799054,0.00044271996,0.00018254807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074189145,0.00013045668,0.00032649492,0.00036203966,0.00017976966,0.00044399736,0.00019208276,0.00035798654,0.000121185556],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003662787,0.00001448266,0.00040564593,0.000028626433,0.0000043893524,0.000026063717,0.000019098325,0.000082059174,0.9984712,0.000011587608,0.0000041652547,0.00089610065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002917316,0.00021301529,0.003719344,0.000004298523,0.0000115844505,0.00006636299,0.000044332966,0.0006835469,0.99505496,0.000016129821,0.00017900654,0.000004377268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023755932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015869983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023755932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003176741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028568757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004723549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980608905","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.007","title":"A comparative study of fouling-related properties of sludge from conventional and membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal processes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Zeta potential; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Membrane; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.11761163247087852,"score_gpt":0.3516487304723911,"score_spread":0.23403709800151257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980608905","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991424,0.00021629954,0.00037907486,0.0000060563684,0.0000036951963,0.0000038316125,0.00004534088,0.0000028686886,0.00020050486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986469,0.00020438849,0.000458646,0.00000782608,0.0000040675422,0.0000048122834,0.00016576622,0.0000026994771,0.0005049385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988353,0.000020355285,0.000011225079,0.000015643149,0.00005023904,0.000019071882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981755,0.00006818318,0.000023577932,0.000011365359,0.000058748657,0.000020518353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002271891,0.00018394744,0.00024754775,0.00028112344,0.00020650378,0.00022536457,0.00012480145,0.00034400978,0.00040627574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038102863,0.000084300154,0.00029426502,0.00033381078,0.00018229481,0.00028864498,0.00011459281,0.0001645431,0.00010029337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003402302,0.000021466072,0.0009922415,0.000047997906,0.000008991385,0.000050903,0.00002977167,0.000112156056,0.99662304,0.000018562869,0.000008778519,0.001745828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014285369,0.0006328762,0.031472243,0.000004264536,0.0000369083,0.00031412262,0.00008842373,0.0012204221,0.9655855,0.00004509752,0.0005770777,0.00000880698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000713093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071404234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000713093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012404792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016336498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014179349},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981227871","doi":"10.3844/ajessp.2008.388.396","title":"Desalination of Saline Sludges Using Ion-Exchange Column with Zeolite","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeolite; Desalination; Ion exchange; Saline; Column (typography); Waste management; Environmental science; Saline water; Chemistry; Ion; Engineering; Salinity; Geology; Catalysis; Medicine","score_opus":0.01985078492543285,"score_gpt":0.24649818158146192,"score_spread":0.22664739665602907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981227871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895146,0.0009492252,0.008579907,0.00009627312,0.000035543482,0.00008662312,0.0000997707,0.00011402553,0.0005240772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97996485,0.0009963728,0.01624504,0.000079822516,0.000014957738,0.00003927475,0.00031260896,0.000033500342,0.0023136034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997924,0.00003834264,0.000030143481,0.000037973463,0.00006707117,0.000034075503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999199,0.000011139564,0.00001752603,0.0000049001537,0.00002585811,0.00002062125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002969098,0.0006164931,0.0006481181,0.0003517805,0.0002896128,0.0003930278,0.0003387609,0.0004056018,0.00031955863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018309124,0.0002341568,0.000619507,0.00031445688,0.00018919806,0.00044178977,0.00045926037,0.0003895907,0.00032369007],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042255942,0.000014461679,0.00024597743,0.00005855628,0.0000074622812,0.00002540065,0.000015827945,0.00008653447,0.99788934,0.000009581913,0.000010348265,0.0015942474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016159538,0.00021729768,0.0027375862,0.0000075581506,0.00002323658,0.00012812778,0.00004323131,0.0011851729,0.99416816,0.00002712223,0.0014324036,0.000014023644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018981926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003428745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018981926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028526326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048937945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037742257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981407001","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00376-9","title":"Ultra-low-pressure water softening with pore-filled membranes","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Softening; Materials science; Water softening; Polyelectrolyte; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008838654063244196,"score_gpt":0.21948714069016512,"score_spread":0.21064848662692093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981407001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626688,0.0021885915,0.031592757,0.00023070369,0.0000888135,0.000026957066,0.00005632992,0.00036287415,0.0027842792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901309,0.0005348019,0.0063423323,0.00006504542,0.000024513953,0.000015412646,0.00004420961,0.000042290885,0.0028004039],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998517,0.000019500258,0.000009274294,0.000021859903,0.00006651115,0.00003111135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998417,0.000063504835,0.000030465711,0.00002602406,0.00002080458,0.000017334884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021636904,0.00022655075,0.0003251626,0.00019062131,0.00018954583,0.00035226965,0.00027759816,0.0003894505,0.0013414301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004422988,0.0002191324,0.00032458187,0.00014158797,0.00038451926,0.0010846809,0.00070136186,0.00067896914,0.00029794453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006921362,0.000012751857,0.00006141503,0.000051648323,0.0000053918347,0.000033638375,0.00003492861,0.00028273792,0.99382883,0.00035831679,0.00006592378,0.0051951325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007272397,0.00004847675,0.00029370983,0.0000017398926,0.000002876444,0.000033597506,0.000009289713,0.0012162214,0.9973839,0.00014934968,0.00084816554,0.00000546276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012566986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018800274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013414301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018409957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094705865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044875145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981698601","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.018","title":"Assessing the effects of sodium hypochlorite exposure on the characteristics of PVDF based membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Sodium hypochlorite; Membrane; Hypochlorite; Chemistry; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Cleaning agent; Sodium; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04715839465917796,"score_gpt":0.31757736688193133,"score_spread":0.27041897222275335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981698601","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99706274,0.0002743336,0.0020645326,0.00003695435,0.000010166284,0.00001335627,0.00013800267,0.000016276645,0.00038355467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963097,0.00039421304,0.0016740693,0.000034284676,0.0000035289409,0.000019795762,0.00021410662,0.000009768951,0.0013403862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961936,0.00006626837,0.000034069024,0.00006698107,0.00014305602,0.000070288545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995602,0.00013481114,0.00007774313,0.000026556598,0.00017888485,0.000021878324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004066859,0.0002649389,0.00022238583,0.00017023903,0.00021464488,0.00039414028,0.00024422863,0.0006618494,0.00063588965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007246614,0.00016630752,0.00038098433,0.00025162305,0.0001842557,0.00036723563,0.00018042393,0.0004302215,0.00018372624],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009432473,0.000011934963,0.00046141655,0.000021426893,0.0000054823786,0.000016254862,0.000023833883,0.00007607179,0.9985518,0.00001103148,0.000009393429,0.00071712467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001610085,0.0001671733,0.0038857802,0.0000015541764,0.000010837908,0.00003351054,0.000042324988,0.00035231054,0.99525285,0.000011992605,0.00023649572,0.0000035409864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001883227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017379972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001883227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032306483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025088235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003744483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981994517","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2011.09.017","title":"Fouling-resistant polymer brush coatings","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Cornell Center for Materials Research; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Methacrylic acid; Membrane; Surface modification; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer brush; Poly(methacrylic acid); Radical polymerization; Polymerization; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.027541866258065772,"score_gpt":0.23386883469968456,"score_spread":0.2063269684416188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981994517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8294155,0.049569406,0.09819298,0.0011725631,0.0005675971,0.00015897423,0.0001845349,0.0007564098,0.019982077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9379814,0.015607302,0.024744224,0.00026953395,0.00015760778,0.000052669697,0.00021575575,0.00011185438,0.020859659],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996444,0.00004880191,0.000016140717,0.000059111506,0.00018977441,0.000041771244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977,0.000060110888,0.00005043509,0.0000371118,0.000054956487,0.000027458269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004671461,0.00045604917,0.00036856084,0.00042248736,0.0003054348,0.00047483618,0.00036499157,0.00051936455,0.0016887811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00077465613,0.00027729213,0.00021849359,0.00024316816,0.0002468553,0.0005690025,0.00031996742,0.00076273974,0.0009959845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041286727,0.000021935037,0.00008373645,0.00014433246,0.000008348866,0.00006014389,0.000026599526,0.00014403806,0.9860199,0.0005560584,0.00022852824,0.0126650315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007767618,0.00008941083,0.00047621672,0.00000840997,0.000011250264,0.00018823022,0.000012064444,0.001144659,0.99179584,0.00021572241,0.006044004,0.0000064265687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003573867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007650979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016887811,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022657496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001528186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005649507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982133129","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2014.948964","title":"Ultrafiltration Fouling: Impact of Backwash Frequency and Air Sparging","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Sparging; Air sparging; Backwashing; Fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Secondary air injection; Permeation; Bubble; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental science; Mechanics; Contamination; Environmental remediation; Engineering","score_opus":0.010871040310013406,"score_gpt":0.2914446555778557,"score_spread":0.2805736152678423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982133129","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998804,0.00032614992,0.0005785822,0.0000148451145,0.000007408812,0.000016599613,0.000045051995,0.000007660771,0.00019973169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997974,0.00038043247,0.0013430909,0.000018309871,0.0000065828153,0.000010132212,0.00005568345,0.000005440872,0.00020626442],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996,0.00008778544,0.000033538836,0.00007354886,0.00013223314,0.000072916744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994772,0.00027018375,0.0001002354,0.000027005432,0.00008599957,0.00003943811],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042276812,0.0004395795,0.00047360978,0.00019608728,0.00028076774,0.00044935956,0.00029599125,0.0003965529,0.00052374974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00086410093,0.0001387029,0.00028050286,0.00025655475,0.00025811244,0.0005192148,0.00023811315,0.00038669567,0.00008324395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00061466044,0.0002057823,0.0016954802,0.00015093322,0.000024243207,0.000056744968,0.000056459194,0.001190057,0.9895698,0.000023924527,0.000022166616,0.0063897115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020810263,0.002545912,0.011948808,0.000008288731,0.000048725284,0.000056711677,0.0000593696,0.00171171,0.9831654,0.000020009256,0.00040071574,0.0000134816555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037198367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043027718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037198367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038033567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036310512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073963404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982283501","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.03.4","title":"Removal of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Complexation –Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process: A Bibliographical Overview","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Microporous material; Pollution; Membrane; Environmental pollution; Nanotechnology; Membrane technology; Metal; Process engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Environmental protection","score_opus":0.019091011362656462,"score_gpt":0.2763319648974261,"score_spread":0.25724095353476967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982283501","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016489709,0.98346794,0.0025043844,0.00036796727,0.00067820423,0.000030465477,0.00038281266,0.00009031127,0.010828886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004491661,0.9873612,0.0022926836,0.00023373475,0.00040136572,0.000037849393,0.0005288696,0.000028928014,0.004623654],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997131,0.000032504835,0.000054936696,0.00006827235,0.000102008504,0.000029125978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995652,0.00015300981,0.00006466664,0.00002429698,0.00017461841,0.000018241002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036856084,0.0008229057,0.000999296,0.0077014505,0.0005140055,0.0019238894,0.00060008204,0.00065346016,0.006112561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008876773,0.00032833155,0.0006812568,0.0111468155,0.00035912258,0.0015137236,0.000618546,0.00084791146,0.0032692186],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015294095,0.000146918,0.00095498445,0.044414416,0.00014007214,0.00036839017,0.00042999798,0.00067760947,0.0088016195,0.0069212927,0.041363906,0.89562774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043147297,0.00007928381,0.001680498,0.0042585568,0.00016294175,0.00072013424,0.00015374228,0.00019926474,0.002848603,0.0019340551,0.98792344,0.000035343193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019600592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017969145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0077014505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006058536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011541932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020448625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982364486","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.077","title":"An in-situ integrated system of carbon nanotubes nanocomposite membrane for oil sands process-affected water treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Syncrude","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Polysulfone; Interfacial polymerization; Carbon nanotube; Nanocomposite; Polyamide; Materials science; Permeation; Fouling; Dispersion (optics); In situ polymerization; Solvent; Polymer; Polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01243211565941722,"score_gpt":0.2648800055057836,"score_spread":0.2524478898463664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982364486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99413353,0.00032252923,0.004632705,0.000054925815,0.000048285423,0.000021785354,0.00007376676,0.00013822434,0.00057435205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99467623,0.00018869551,0.0036418452,0.000021428208,0.000008458915,0.000015936459,0.000055989545,0.000012437441,0.0013789883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998276,0.000013637033,0.0000091481315,0.000049280552,0.000069466565,0.000030780862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999261,0.000011596461,0.000012792643,0.000007870375,0.000027122218,0.000014549828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015633302,0.00031576966,0.00044352064,0.00017225363,0.00035801384,0.00038646147,0.00043670952,0.0006083988,0.0005795172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014188977,0.00022467843,0.00033340114,0.000120066965,0.00015185526,0.00041710178,0.00025774556,0.00034603168,0.00021039763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004149921,0.000017697785,0.000056141358,0.000017702092,0.000004079787,0.000017165541,0.000005944286,0.000079907644,0.99911255,0.00001818608,0.000013508471,0.00061560364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004527805,0.00006430139,0.00028211277,7.466131e-7,0.000008879395,0.000015358777,0.000006630633,0.0017734346,0.997589,0.0000055708038,0.0002461199,0.0000032113467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012092319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027353198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012092319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004461841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034405504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003237307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982422962","doi":"10.1039/c4ra16177g","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes with improved organic fouling properties for water desalination","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Desalination; Fouling; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Characterization (materials science); Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.01988975790629677,"score_gpt":0.2232698638125305,"score_spread":0.20338010590623373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982422962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97819114,0.0009381078,0.019258898,0.000111772904,0.000035149278,0.000051475512,0.00017706939,0.00012000257,0.0011163772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833054,0.0005747036,0.013538171,0.000023740406,0.000009990409,0.000031589807,0.00020682841,0.00002308461,0.002286478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998932,0.000009464678,0.000009846835,0.000023806457,0.000046907142,0.000016719947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998512,0.00002762011,0.00003248512,0.0000139416625,0.000059490467,0.000015205938],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022394035,0.00027707143,0.00017437781,0.0002881451,0.00018766192,0.00025580075,0.0001957346,0.00039674272,0.00039404936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002343739,0.00020570082,0.00028712524,0.00013894873,0.00013166455,0.0003329837,0.00011578644,0.0003444095,0.00016332231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007732536,0.000008759136,0.00003596267,0.000012712713,0.0000022371066,0.000014207722,0.0000041037747,0.00006794117,0.9991528,0.000019045352,0.000008211295,0.0006663155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018244319,0.000033221826,0.0004895803,6.714059e-7,0.000005390628,0.000035164314,0.000004403148,0.0007015891,0.9983193,0.00000838099,0.0003983203,0.0000021268306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056342257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001492197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056342257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022839493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022464586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016570687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982497185","doi":"10.1039/c4ra14180f","title":"A porous polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane in a gas humidification process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Porosity; Membrane; Materials science; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Process (computing); Composite material; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.011324743293962918,"score_gpt":0.26328019029667354,"score_spread":0.2519554470027106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982497185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89233935,0.0024976882,0.10021035,0.00036255814,0.00010620099,0.00015266844,0.0004667063,0.00066274137,0.0032017438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9425229,0.0015617035,0.051839653,0.00006322249,0.000031587544,0.00007779926,0.00024100822,0.00003985769,0.0036224087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997521,0.000020696472,0.000020004401,0.00006324598,0.000101518,0.00004240974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998915,0.000018697387,0.00003081755,0.000014109276,0.00002781668,0.000016973456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037837718,0.00035059682,0.00045210894,0.00016966391,0.00033412024,0.00024585586,0.00048588702,0.0007173141,0.00044205727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019824637,0.00022881715,0.0003702918,0.00024938607,0.00028739692,0.00067594845,0.00035250446,0.00038627564,0.00044705137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002444038,0.0000066389316,0.00004743235,0.00005969247,0.00000324414,0.000047858786,0.000007737264,0.000100887984,0.99810433,0.000105944295,0.00002617835,0.0014656797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003268486,0.000038674138,0.00029044913,0.0000018622346,0.000005088186,0.000092621856,0.000004359268,0.00056044565,0.9979898,0.000026908803,0.0009829488,0.0000036582412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000719726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069055165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000719726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028589627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003901729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020743012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982828309","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2014.08.055","title":"Thin film composite nanofiltration membranes assembled layer-by-layer via interfacial polymerization from polyethylenimine and trimesoyl chloride","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Interfacial polymerization; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyethylenimine; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Permeation; Polymerization; Layer (electronics); Chloride; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.011008177223015567,"score_gpt":0.24320130875697454,"score_spread":0.23219313153395899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982828309","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96833193,0.0015465253,0.027033878,0.00014259301,0.00010323185,0.00009613075,0.00030310146,0.0004800491,0.0019626594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9653409,0.0011482957,0.027727854,0.00019539696,0.000050996754,0.00011580476,0.00044005408,0.00007491842,0.004905756],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979335,0.000018793084,0.000017320794,0.00005203506,0.00007001214,0.000048581303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998417,0.000033809672,0.000036088022,0.0000088124825,0.000058199003,0.000021362044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000376293,0.0005317534,0.000533327,0.0003822416,0.00030872427,0.0004098473,0.00038683595,0.0005979101,0.00079160917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023769896,0.0003583555,0.0004178994,0.00020045163,0.0001590802,0.00061426876,0.00024294917,0.0007298218,0.00047407747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023173732,0.00000678985,0.000013569725,0.0000134224065,0.000002729347,0.0000097866105,0.0000048024713,0.000017797629,0.999428,0.000021399725,0.000010038137,0.00044843237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059561257,0.000047594305,0.0002757813,0.000001359702,0.000007497263,0.000014426113,0.000003682922,0.0003011807,0.999074,0.000009970382,0.0002564438,0.0000020364607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006939787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001642216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079160917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047032427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003329339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034124851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982848770","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.10.017","title":"Treatment of oil sands process-affected water by submerged ceramic membrane microfiltration system","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Ceramic membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Wastewater","score_opus":0.006594534044177231,"score_gpt":0.23816570473077375,"score_spread":0.23157117068659652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982848770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965205,0.00029298832,0.0024772987,0.000040733088,0.000019595047,0.000012451213,0.00006570899,0.000042459844,0.0005282657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967025,0.0002628747,0.0017205754,0.000015858195,0.0000052122114,0.000007254251,0.000062590356,0.0000054500383,0.0012176087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999913,0.00000717495,0.000006593102,0.0000190761,0.00002909049,0.000025181771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999696,0.000005666979,0.000007542635,0.0000021615863,0.0000099675735,0.000005047146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000071552284,0.00023948583,0.00029750087,0.00015538411,0.00028268906,0.0002598374,0.00020192796,0.0002772419,0.00060541346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000855454,0.0000959742,0.0003659558,0.00013329832,0.00011416417,0.00020834246,0.00014693354,0.0002831589,0.000114925475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008857012,0.000019728695,0.00028791843,0.00004910067,0.000005197281,0.000049380735,0.000021419317,0.00018936396,0.9968604,0.00002971547,0.000034367673,0.0023648867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040605873,0.00007662746,0.00092436536,0.0000018306623,0.000008668992,0.000023341945,0.000029356846,0.0010176441,0.99749494,0.000010252279,0.00040601174,0.0000029112296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037056466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005248298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9962944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029260133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032928484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073681474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983948558","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.003","title":"Nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active and endocrine disrupting compounds as a function of compound interactions with DOM fractions and cations in natural water","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Colloid; Organic matter; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Fractionation; Size-exclusion chromatography; Humic acid; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011325658797336234,"score_gpt":0.28955725563382484,"score_spread":0.2782315968364886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983948558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989906,0.00012484736,0.00040116013,0.000022072056,0.000011989456,0.0000062419513,0.00011035797,0.000011519508,0.00032112372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99762577,0.0001473335,0.0008029333,0.00003489673,0.000006630688,0.000009523527,0.0001506565,0.000008448166,0.0012138219],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998895,0.000013569067,0.00000616879,0.000028248018,0.000030190255,0.00003234922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982053,0.00008409557,0.000030065032,0.000007953657,0.000033076612,0.000024330415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002620199,0.0002379384,0.00017391288,0.00010277643,0.00030743895,0.00024825186,0.00018301985,0.00034942926,0.0008917667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042658162,0.000102431826,0.00021956785,0.00009977512,0.0002032242,0.0003793701,0.00011506683,0.00035137328,0.00015716688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004647166,0.000043024924,0.000375998,0.00002158016,0.0000059216877,0.000024613206,0.000033446926,0.00014824297,0.9973857,0.00004799008,0.000060273644,0.0013883823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022196753,0.00048245603,0.0081201345,0.0000052128707,0.000012257394,0.000051760075,0.000046890702,0.0022802937,0.9883745,0.000051518222,0.0005427522,0.000010126175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053926203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055955257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0053926203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054453395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003987972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010722458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985439152","doi":"10.1115/detc2014-35038","title":"Modular Design of Community-Scale Photovoltaic Reverse Osmosis Systems Under Uncertainty","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Modular design; Computer science; Photovoltaic system; Reliability engineering; Systems design; Reliability (semiconductor); Systems engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03129249609019974,"score_gpt":0.23951228748190193,"score_spread":0.20821979139170219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985439152","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4114923,0.00025496687,0.57396096,0.00026812166,0.000040198905,0.00022646553,0.00015618965,0.00063762517,0.012963206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97042346,0.000075268064,0.027934821,0.000019523879,0.000004218443,0.00011174298,0.00004470889,0.000023360895,0.0013630384],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962187,0.00008042395,0.00001268803,0.00008026887,0.00012145531,0.00008337755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952567,0.00016173384,0.00011660077,0.00003811097,0.00010783932,0.000049996648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061654364,0.0005245636,0.00047181553,0.00035319323,0.00049274846,0.0006605029,0.00095631345,0.0007842007,0.0016984409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010491378,0.00037621087,0.00075795496,0.00025532488,0.00048210516,0.00048451664,0.00084197096,0.0005691824,0.00026238686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002483673,0.000025992678,0.00033332492,0.000024461026,0.000012865517,0.000065518616,0.0000178541,0.9880931,0.004927109,0.0010038173,0.00007418394,0.0053969347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012291916,0.00008939315,0.00023867951,0.0000031784577,0.0000090736,0.000016763463,0.0000125855595,0.99667007,0.0015494423,0.0010527901,0.00033995986,0.000005900781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036636319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033818271,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036636319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009981904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010914707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0072845817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985693222","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.01.042","title":"A flow distribution study of laboratory scale membrane gas separation cells","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Permeance; Permeation; Gas separation; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008623201764601468,"score_gpt":0.2643338960259731,"score_spread":0.25571069426137166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985693222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995856,0.00020817226,0.0030508067,0.000041173258,0.00001207844,0.000021624608,0.00014786182,0.000037034613,0.0006252248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99783486,0.000114855975,0.0011879643,0.000013504366,0.0000081421285,0.000014328007,0.00013883108,0.000009981692,0.00067768426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998946,0.000014756462,0.0000055872747,0.00002756523,0.000037070648,0.000020422185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999728,0.00013354915,0.000023963737,0.000015701467,0.00008174728,0.000016968495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031315515,0.00015116368,0.00028403444,0.00026087774,0.0004756763,0.00045717275,0.00034229603,0.00038776084,0.0013668082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040717973,0.000109179105,0.00017828897,0.00025679945,0.00027278197,0.00038374975,0.00012569933,0.00038108605,0.00017444551],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034752945,0.00013019149,0.0018575968,0.000026510184,0.0000037700224,0.00002993305,0.000058733018,0.0008306082,0.9910307,0.00020256662,0.00010357592,0.0053781825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003871683,0.00052430475,0.0073875603,0.0000035266514,0.000007855545,0.00005501795,0.00008349805,0.015775412,0.9746825,0.00008313145,0.0013475062,0.000010930263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003529144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012975507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003529144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007195751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041928902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007017195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986761807","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v2n3p183","title":"Application of Vacuum Membrane Distillation in Water Treatment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Biochemical engineering; Vacuum distillation; Membrane; Process engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Desalination","score_opus":0.007125788747207079,"score_gpt":0.22820061105727843,"score_spread":0.22107482231007136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986761807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3880679,0.30001566,0.27466175,0.0027108947,0.0012651907,0.00021979531,0.00018485848,0.0003544314,0.032519408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84485817,0.094435684,0.05448042,0.0004047838,0.0003050274,0.00006612718,0.000103548424,0.000039657596,0.0053064795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996302,0.000080734004,0.00002054319,0.000076243916,0.00014438847,0.000047901518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998982,0.000041217714,0.000012616934,0.000008683946,0.000032488726,0.0000066585303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040564127,0.00039950036,0.0004438357,0.00060465664,0.0005726841,0.00069063366,0.00038208952,0.0005847664,0.0006915553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034318678,0.00021731929,0.00044533153,0.0005747262,0.0005850928,0.0010632226,0.0006203422,0.0009102612,0.00027096467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009453453,0.000054638764,0.0013246867,0.0020673473,0.000054049913,0.00033537656,0.00014632972,0.0016503696,0.80768746,0.013191996,0.00055538834,0.17283785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000647971,0.00026976157,0.0016191337,0.00008484168,0.0000441222,0.0007040629,0.00009914004,0.0032399404,0.93090844,0.0018938405,0.06109389,0.00003636336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000819301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016057602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000819301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058283005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046198134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042287707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987666509","doi":"10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121t.x","title":"Full fit sanitary membranes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Cleaning agent; Contamination; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01773735953717616,"score_gpt":0.2568728784811865,"score_spread":0.23913551894401036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987666509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6006242,0.027752655,0.25373,0.003162662,0.0016678611,0.00079699594,0.0050881663,0.012048445,0.09512894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7793351,0.008618319,0.12479325,0.0013502227,0.00021375771,0.00036686496,0.0038188961,0.00073756435,0.08076597],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902713,0.00012854284,0.00009193659,0.00015864025,0.0005150798,0.00007863349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869674,0.00020561434,0.0003166592,0.0002315542,0.00044888552,0.00010054587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006777698,0.00047830524,0.00044229813,0.00083933276,0.00053650874,0.0011301704,0.00074997946,0.0012407175,0.013356273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016908805,0.00032185696,0.0006334945,0.00057928753,0.00031828706,0.0012299997,0.0007629407,0.0006460878,0.0052643167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057740824,0.00019052291,0.0034449927,0.0011165875,0.000085350825,0.00079079054,0.0002468453,0.0008701318,0.7226996,0.004576245,0.016897362,0.2485042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000095597454,0.0015361697,0.014271604,0.00025600631,0.0001670703,0.0109793795,0.0003072231,0.0037679744,0.62054247,0.0020597295,0.34587848,0.00013835052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042206183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044615247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013356273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031748213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045798297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04468119},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987667635","doi":"10.2166/wst.2007.370","title":"Modeling of anaerobic treatment of wastewater in ponds","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Methanogenesis; Sediment; Settling; Organic matter; Particulates; Wastewater; Environmental science; Anaerobic digestion; Anaerobic exercise; Anaerobic respiration; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Geology; Methane; Biology","score_opus":0.01574761942881498,"score_gpt":0.2548383282485826,"score_spread":0.23909070881976763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987667635","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3821369,0.001020455,0.57397324,0.0008711745,0.00013017621,0.00027447304,0.0014962308,0.0009952052,0.039102197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9583038,0.0006336819,0.0252476,0.000083963336,0.000019924202,0.0004472699,0.00045235705,0.00007110175,0.014740376],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997298,0.00005804528,0.00001918604,0.00005371839,0.00007751636,0.00006173982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999778,0.000085512096,0.000035471356,0.000016422831,0.000062608306,0.000021999138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039235153,0.00063341606,0.001187742,0.00040116216,0.00079859147,0.0012654345,0.0013304246,0.0015835303,0.0019817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007937158,0.0005235785,0.0010188513,0.0005733272,0.0006435154,0.0008435473,0.0008063852,0.0007668764,0.0003374815],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014636676,0.000014444276,0.00024904104,0.000029135723,0.0000068829945,0.000039576615,0.000017074497,0.9949486,0.0017314007,0.0018726648,0.00008545859,0.0009910983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009619161,0.000014013397,0.0001454606,0.0000033869019,0.0000045043394,0.00001320706,0.000009475286,0.99813014,0.00056733866,0.0006926307,0.00040564738,0.0000045369757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016218392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059719738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016218392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017416691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020392216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03224796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987711119","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.019","title":"Relationships of activated sludge characteristics to fouling rate and critical flux in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Activated sludge; Membrane bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chemistry; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Bioreactor; Suspended solids; Wastewater; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02756370190420731,"score_gpt":0.2707649815065056,"score_spread":0.24320127960229826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987711119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987953,0.00029327956,0.0006689449,0.00004156948,0.0000050046406,0.00000660508,0.00005012233,0.000015574393,0.00012355087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892104,0.00020555152,0.0005031449,0.000016452834,0.000004308464,0.0000074962513,0.0000949651,0.000008525758,0.00023854265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965405,0.00011280075,0.000046750043,0.00003812408,0.000098475466,0.000049818107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975962,0.0015052732,0.00033352483,0.000070749935,0.00034219172,0.00015202633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009718603,0.0004044092,0.0004610555,0.00057963026,0.00028918733,0.00088165276,0.00029025823,0.0009654431,0.0002933566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031972192,0.00043741654,0.00035893673,0.0004272696,0.00030421308,0.0006641782,0.00023487836,0.00048451617,0.0001922405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017427215,0.00020516054,0.005670391,0.000056744208,0.000027381151,0.00006927765,0.000077260265,0.0015130822,0.98484355,0.000057839,0.00008047645,0.005656133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028008533,0.0011565273,0.019094147,0.000008354857,0.000038584083,0.00016776906,0.00008368784,0.0057460577,0.9732991,0.0000867115,0.00026842012,0.000022671944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017697867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018347141,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017697867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000653595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044640258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051397085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988550341","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.10.018","title":"The selective removal of oil from wastewaters while minimizing concentrate production using a membrane cascade","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Seawater; Hexane; Wastewater; Waste oil; Permeation; Extraction (chemistry); Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03180112343411437,"score_gpt":0.24393718018774135,"score_spread":0.21213605675362698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988550341","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845924,0.00042351024,0.012185707,0.00023558646,0.000057945475,0.000052236468,0.00008815043,0.00016343298,0.002200999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985321,0.00046416864,0.008759493,0.00006371107,0.000018008175,0.000033551998,0.000066755514,0.000020524129,0.0052527767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998387,0.000006982284,0.000007504913,0.00004192884,0.00007171568,0.000033110387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999182,0.000018721832,0.000016960963,0.000008441592,0.000021326588,0.000016393462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013914163,0.00043435613,0.00026857475,0.00020871845,0.0004248921,0.00033939208,0.0004839941,0.00044916768,0.00084733806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018020938,0.00022965205,0.0003301691,0.00015525585,0.00024274031,0.0004887268,0.0004155847,0.0005809344,0.00030800988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036802943,0.000015540129,0.00006543007,0.000018940142,0.0000022083088,0.000019916011,0.0000113290735,0.00009117167,0.99782664,0.00014871129,0.00004962395,0.0017137742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007174383,0.00006506601,0.00038721136,8.9460815e-7,0.000005017285,0.000053595802,0.0000052502123,0.0012967977,0.9974854,0.000028181415,0.0006614596,0.000004047636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002703654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004494156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002703654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006646028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005001704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005375862},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988918683","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2007)133:5(515)","title":"Impacts of Hydrophilic Membrane Additives on the Ultrafiltration of River Water","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Surface modification; Biofouling; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005647222378425255,"score_gpt":0.1894099665691525,"score_spread":0.18376274419072725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988918683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99782866,0.0005016342,0.0012524439,0.000029988574,0.0000080050895,0.0000119125325,0.000028069451,0.000016096657,0.0003232178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99670726,0.000630309,0.0019499555,0.000027472775,0.000007560405,0.00000899663,0.000051288032,0.00001268583,0.00060444896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997569,0.00005831295,0.000016858541,0.00003355184,0.00008783162,0.000046567908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976677,0.00007040398,0.00007772702,0.000013470911,0.000046961366,0.000024671777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023998482,0.0005221651,0.0002643646,0.0001609959,0.00019242389,0.00039078787,0.00012941124,0.0003573801,0.00042666355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040080035,0.00014661178,0.0002933927,0.00010472577,0.00019925511,0.00033077938,0.00021212045,0.00031380786,0.00015296323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037012152,0.000009074232,0.00011616878,0.000027291882,0.000006020774,0.000018222874,0.000012152744,0.00005239899,0.9987929,0.000011089592,0.0000038392973,0.0009137975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000242244,0.00013351908,0.0009968729,0.0000022256288,0.000009892914,0.000026792382,0.000010946261,0.0001570153,0.99837387,0.0000055998103,0.00027841624,0.0000025286533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00086346053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010953555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00086346053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000249175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001838447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018079281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989300663","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.08.030","title":"Conventional and thermophilic aerobic treatability of high strength oily pet food wastewater using membrane-coupled bioreactors","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermophile; Wastewater; Effluent; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0553227209939692,"score_gpt":0.30817174680657566,"score_spread":0.2528490258126065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989300663","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990183,0.00014826813,0.0004503413,0.000014430716,0.000008240375,0.0000057195743,0.000040208106,0.000006115999,0.00030827936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985031,0.00017702491,0.0005455675,0.000009918919,0.0000059530917,0.0000072723205,0.00007264928,0.0000049143673,0.00067357725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971944,0.00003569766,0.000026826163,0.000046017416,0.000095932875,0.00007608582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986815,0.00003085359,0.000026237545,0.000012015254,0.00003453995,0.00002816768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028472443,0.00031426235,0.00031575613,0.0001833449,0.0002453,0.00046938012,0.00026495682,0.00033040022,0.00045416696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002858971,0.00015852856,0.00031796983,0.00027410503,0.00023534577,0.00042402034,0.00030038803,0.00042098435,0.00013706235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023526068,0.00003330748,0.00024124685,0.000024442006,0.0000047665576,0.000024224197,0.000029033434,0.00010812165,0.99824023,0.000024053317,0.0000110021765,0.0010242434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008628322,0.00029254297,0.0025938465,0.000002372284,0.000009988593,0.000043917385,0.000051199353,0.00061622274,0.9961223,0.000014810919,0.00023893265,0.000005120694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031574052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004352196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031574052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045615068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033062394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006278038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990969041","doi":"10.1039/c4ra17097k","title":"Performance studies of PEI/SPEI blend ultra-filtration membranes via surface modification using cSMM additives","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Imide; Ether; Surface modification; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Casting; Macromolecule; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.06864021023360253,"score_gpt":0.32035604815450147,"score_spread":0.2517158379208989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990969041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932857,0.0015631285,0.004328942,0.000050580802,0.00001817271,0.000016289025,0.00013661155,0.000076939694,0.0005235917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930599,0.0014924448,0.0036541738,0.000030566593,0.000010590373,0.000026453004,0.00023540437,0.000024890094,0.0014657085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997043,0.000038875853,0.000029689498,0.00005444583,0.000095290954,0.000077389624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997279,0.0000654852,0.00005572373,0.000018746565,0.0001087744,0.000023290884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046758092,0.00051334203,0.00042434342,0.00022748084,0.00027075937,0.00033123506,0.0003046319,0.0005597117,0.00067418214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004911176,0.00017641396,0.00038448282,0.00031968876,0.0001442827,0.00052225945,0.00018586991,0.00044279153,0.00040332117],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006257735,0.000015644007,0.00010546215,0.00003808122,0.000007677223,0.000015265374,0.000023199527,0.000070358474,0.9984206,0.0000137141415,0.000015315216,0.0012119608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012919284,0.000060733757,0.0006112875,0.0000012596056,0.000007657616,0.000023028797,0.000007001958,0.0002367552,0.9988403,0.0000037618865,0.00020444502,0.0000025109182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013069441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009040569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013069441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003716507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024116103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026965141},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991085655","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.018","title":"Removal of coliphages in secondary effluent by microfiltration—mechanisms of removal and impact of operating parameters","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Coliphage; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane technology; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Bacteriophage","score_opus":0.03380938908201808,"score_gpt":0.32756134005963733,"score_spread":0.29375195097761925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991085655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954336,0.0010229937,0.0029666985,0.000046686713,0.000012807602,0.000013540043,0.000044628632,0.000032128675,0.0004268531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958918,0.00074893015,0.0017898487,0.000021717937,0.000010186644,0.000009481821,0.00011798095,0.000010855473,0.0013991671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998454,0.000022516231,0.000010449841,0.000020506737,0.00004589764,0.000055149754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997732,0.00007571308,0.00003979827,0.000020953463,0.000057026115,0.000033303637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034262368,0.00037638916,0.00055335404,0.00030634267,0.0002693859,0.00061412476,0.00038779338,0.0006045313,0.0004753085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004311189,0.00019199854,0.00055474765,0.00019721077,0.00026034995,0.00045529965,0.00020075995,0.00047885728,0.00026021595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036374142,0.00006764267,0.00063573476,0.000047065063,0.000007642864,0.000029772811,0.000023746035,0.00022314218,0.9947279,0.000085675194,0.000031236443,0.0037568156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005272254,0.00020632411,0.00187853,0.000002582369,0.000006753014,0.000049550003,0.000010959165,0.0009936475,0.9965545,0.00004239336,0.00024677237,0.0000028307893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017486745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012948946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017486745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005628783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002589409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004083991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991179361","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.007","title":"Characterization of the proton binding sites of extracellular polymeric substances in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Chemistry; Titration; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.09161088688853253,"score_gpt":0.32605797019865634,"score_spread":0.23444708331012382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991179361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971917,0.00016839126,0.0021886681,0.000028702987,0.000005418139,0.000007441322,0.00007203959,0.000010759259,0.0003268178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962094,0.00017012315,0.0024145423,0.000026307522,0.0000048390466,0.000013604798,0.00014085506,0.000008128028,0.0010121231],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998429,0.000028923943,0.000009109745,0.000031872034,0.00005363227,0.00003366236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997956,0.0000748725,0.0000309838,0.0000119847755,0.000049133312,0.000037493257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022181492,0.00029328474,0.00024129398,0.0001724837,0.00020504932,0.0003297092,0.00028944056,0.0003740439,0.00049789477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037951078,0.00015875227,0.00022065685,0.00015785205,0.00016284661,0.0002409356,0.00016455942,0.00035216907,0.00019911914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053051015,0.000007851277,0.00008819682,0.000006128229,9.904677e-7,0.000009031646,0.000004895748,0.000035072404,0.9995146,0.000009090277,0.0000027388978,0.0002685244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005871593,0.00012942414,0.0024800145,0.0000017347858,0.000006678918,0.000038232793,0.000036464,0.000951513,0.9961175,0.000016222319,0.00021260636,0.0000038915746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002024518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00088167674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002024518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019566779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029183572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004025519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991382832","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.06.018","title":"Effects of aeration parameters on effluent quality and membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor using Box–Behnken response surface methodology","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Response surface methodology; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Waste management; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.10213191913116998,"score_gpt":0.3590293469934307,"score_spread":0.2568974278622607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991382832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987154,0.00025249465,0.00079342496,0.00003500094,0.000012458482,0.0000068249856,0.00006114171,0.000017599863,0.000105611376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760205,0.00025257756,0.0014573153,0.000028314727,0.000007757881,0.000011486954,0.000102151054,0.000009052598,0.0005292893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994918,0.00012840216,0.00008050434,0.00009936201,0.00012261816,0.000077283425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963295,0.00017441837,0.000063061925,0.000035272526,0.00006187499,0.0000324771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005909035,0.00044655902,0.0005937741,0.00016633463,0.00021832969,0.00041993344,0.00028764582,0.0005114975,0.00044189612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005399887,0.00026514736,0.00058218907,0.00024015327,0.00027051452,0.00034599673,0.0001836334,0.00049682526,0.00013602518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063280395,0.00007290204,0.00022985184,0.000029287527,0.000012687336,0.00002360075,0.000026668351,0.00017240853,0.9977024,0.000008957971,0.0000129561295,0.0010753559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016585063,0.00042951462,0.0022194497,0.0000015193576,0.000022634575,0.000020277701,0.000013986404,0.00086900644,0.99631196,0.000009427246,0.00007814109,0.0000073390415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025332575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028063275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025332575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036747413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002911146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050370097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991405254","doi":"10.1002/pola.10108","title":"Formation of pore‐filled microfiltration membranes using a combination of modified interfacial polymerization and grafting","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Polyethylenimine; Interfacial polymerization; Coating; Chemical engineering; Styrene; Materials science; Grafting; Microfiltration; Polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.018491546985785142,"score_gpt":0.25497930188471624,"score_spread":0.2364877548989311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991405254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80156416,0.0032990056,0.18968444,0.00032984396,0.00027751512,0.00024262545,0.00024929707,0.0014743911,0.0028787944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9118976,0.0018529643,0.080637135,0.00015559753,0.0000800361,0.00019099767,0.0004211732,0.0001614672,0.0046030986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970335,0.00003269008,0.000024812727,0.000055239183,0.00012275773,0.0000611911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963677,0.00009753166,0.0001018548,0.000049707523,0.00005557711,0.00005852098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048720022,0.00047123927,0.0004451418,0.00034416217,0.0002508491,0.0004411255,0.0005072,0.00075196277,0.00064989546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048656325,0.0003753114,0.0006490883,0.00019409617,0.00027555614,0.0008561197,0.0005323031,0.0008686027,0.0005613642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001757095,0.000018684888,0.000033132757,0.000052048097,0.0000063616894,0.00003450806,0.000018744035,0.0000887428,0.99726677,0.0002186935,0.00003939591,0.0022053092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005971291,0.0000321107,0.0001488768,0.000002486329,0.0000049248893,0.00006313684,0.0000025930474,0.00051295507,0.99788696,0.00003892245,0.001296284,0.000004902308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001265635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022918219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075196277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002887793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015849152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00257653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991500915","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2015.1035679","title":"Preparation and characterization of xanthated cotton fiber modified cellulose triacetate ultrafiltration membrane","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tellabs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cellulose triacetate; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Phase inversion; Adsorption; Polyethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; PEG ratio; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Contact angle; Hollow fiber membrane; Scanning electron microscope; Nuclear chemistry; Fiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Metal; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.02693804301910779,"score_gpt":0.25826671636963444,"score_spread":0.23132867335052665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991500915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96803033,0.0018547782,0.028032994,0.0001238779,0.00008002217,0.000072802395,0.00035142427,0.00018007738,0.0012737137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9571421,0.0021100312,0.034460865,0.000091430644,0.000036823625,0.00011056485,0.0008328869,0.000046822934,0.0051685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998574,0.000012068535,0.000017867396,0.000033886903,0.000056705627,0.000021993208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999913,0.0000119282095,0.000027667847,0.000011090631,0.000025765841,0.000010616172],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027657318,0.0002516715,0.00024930216,0.00018908769,0.00024558738,0.00023310652,0.00024650744,0.0003369162,0.0004359155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022352075,0.00012053234,0.00030247465,0.00024441522,0.00011756912,0.0003613507,0.00014089208,0.00032690854,0.00026356478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016631015,0.0000071161276,0.000095051706,0.000021485956,0.0000031732434,0.000043284854,0.000010347489,0.00003758692,0.99854845,0.000030379799,0.000015952062,0.0011705338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038969424,0.00007459879,0.0035801462,0.0000028917395,0.000010700156,0.00015418553,0.000012588126,0.000591552,0.99365,0.000015193274,0.0018980514,0.0000062334584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005607273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005459246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005607273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022386711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015165586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016242266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991578212","doi":"10.3390/membranes4020163","title":"Nanofiltration of Mine Water: Impact of Feed pH and Membrane Charge on Resource Recovery and Water Discharge","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Polyamide; Point of zero charge; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Aqueous solution; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008972180570592724,"score_gpt":0.2218936023022528,"score_spread":0.21292142173166007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991578212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99711204,0.00041857845,0.0019532726,0.000043851065,0.000009798193,0.000027560602,0.00008508099,0.000019430438,0.00033040205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99341774,0.0006390031,0.0049872156,0.000050711038,0.0000065786026,0.00003426519,0.0001476059,0.000015849118,0.0007010547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978226,0.000035221652,0.000022666565,0.00003905518,0.00007744735,0.000043358676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998116,0.00007223809,0.000037744343,0.000007981638,0.000051672338,0.000018668063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005030197,0.00033961958,0.00036083764,0.00018450235,0.00021844129,0.00040051597,0.00022436395,0.00053977437,0.0003317859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089959946,0.000120731354,0.00025895226,0.00019379731,0.00018379754,0.00053084263,0.000248012,0.00040613962,0.00009143373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089708185,0.000019988409,0.00018250397,0.00003858257,0.0000032648015,0.000019307969,0.000022137478,0.00010248046,0.99749243,0.000023778442,0.00001075771,0.0019951805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008945948,0.00020937124,0.0018172535,0.000006179433,0.000008201641,0.000046476627,0.000021962884,0.00074024254,0.9967853,0.00002171117,0.00032892358,0.0000054794064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025512765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002787281,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025512765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004330418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033413584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005072832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991601527","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.01.2","title":"A Novel Approach to Synthesize Helix Wave Hollow Fiber Membranes for Separation Applications","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fiber; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03913531841263036,"score_gpt":0.29454358503189626,"score_spread":0.2554082666192659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991601527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65029037,0.004533043,0.33273563,0.00061854237,0.00023281461,0.0003473042,0.0005225097,0.00049007504,0.010229819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7290221,0.0038317493,0.258421,0.00018250222,0.00006364393,0.0002314689,0.0005084399,0.00006430093,0.0076747434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998827,0.000008630363,0.000012484789,0.000032305838,0.000049281574,0.00001464391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993,0.000006121645,0.000023356924,0.0000108710265,0.000018954199,0.000010641096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017176878,0.00030244325,0.00018426307,0.00025726703,0.0002703799,0.00019983105,0.00021761662,0.00040328293,0.00080165645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009236113,0.0001630357,0.00031487143,0.00022664259,0.00017763552,0.00046417673,0.00032287484,0.00064547145,0.00045651628],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009374799,0.00001525861,0.000052037663,0.000056600882,0.0000027374979,0.000043624255,0.000018247158,0.00009655738,0.99507576,0.00050927437,0.000034525787,0.0040860223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009413311,0.00013840215,0.0004146598,0.0000047313474,0.000008829395,0.00024875448,0.000014958071,0.001001823,0.9898802,0.00026930834,0.007999286,0.000009525345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022476286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041223597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00080165645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019087267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003393123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026817918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991726205","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.05.019","title":"Heat and mass transfer analysis in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":524,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Heat transfer coefficient; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Film temperature; Heat transfer; Churchill–Bernstein equation; Chemistry; Heat flux; Membrane; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Desalination; Nusselt number","score_opus":0.010605538690160017,"score_gpt":0.24958522882066259,"score_spread":0.23897969013050258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991726205","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937704,0.00033261126,0.004369211,0.000030423478,0.000020223159,0.000016490525,0.00007785403,0.00005553411,0.0013272224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977848,0.00009162178,0.00042854165,0.0000068565837,0.000006033834,0.000011453514,0.00003950364,0.000010254593,0.0016209433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998216,0.000018691124,0.0000040717246,0.00003325615,0.00009212254,0.000030332209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996331,0.0002485277,0.000015711657,0.000026093796,0.00006015885,0.000016360678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020312057,0.00022695378,0.0004189506,0.00031307575,0.00045661506,0.00049643824,0.00039641286,0.00047507227,0.00253799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062559615,0.00017447428,0.00025662276,0.00024742034,0.00050916016,0.0006335757,0.00029381903,0.0005700119,0.0003686972],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013896347,0.00015129731,0.0015861328,0.00016648626,0.000019341802,0.00008155436,0.00016016953,0.0045084083,0.97861326,0.0008903404,0.00022642994,0.01220699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028327044,0.00025611435,0.005688535,0.0000021575897,0.000013560082,0.000042908163,0.0000462214,0.026232013,0.96703726,0.00016649427,0.00047634923,0.000009964346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022588735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015775693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00253799,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055404066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002831306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008490443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992520062","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2013.11.039","title":"Effect of hydrophobic surface modifying macromolecules on differently produced PVDF membranes for direct contact membrane distillation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanofiber; Desalination; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006373355257144236,"score_gpt":0.21526192875793398,"score_spread":0.20888857350078974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992520062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978689,0.00042440105,0.0012238432,0.000027103977,0.000023336315,0.000011627629,0.000044108783,0.000023397108,0.00035327853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970458,0.00046720338,0.0016430933,0.00003115007,0.000010106526,0.000017559136,0.000083756684,0.000019947187,0.00068140414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974626,0.00004084514,0.000022140635,0.000052685275,0.000056448444,0.0000815909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964666,0.0001287092,0.00009284572,0.000032158496,0.000058718677,0.000040911244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002838514,0.00051732006,0.00033320888,0.00013258627,0.00017542999,0.00030616016,0.00021892169,0.0005055057,0.0011040185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000608902,0.00026224207,0.00038592378,0.00018124934,0.00023428074,0.00046424265,0.0002168844,0.0006876273,0.00022030725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013022892,0.0000150372125,0.000043235428,0.00004219354,0.0000072975445,0.000023711922,0.000016709455,0.00004388535,0.9991953,0.000016055616,0.000007881938,0.00045859074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034890327,0.00006908829,0.00025214243,0.0000012544343,0.0000089070245,0.00001086057,0.000005435199,0.00008906096,0.99944466,0.0000023183347,0.00011057862,0.0000021874905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045418125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085581385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011040185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021203412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017967765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036933422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992537671","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.040","title":"Preparation, characterization and performance of Al2O3/PES membrane for wastewater filtration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":305,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010903791507068297,"score_gpt":0.2543906955410463,"score_spread":0.24348690403397802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992537671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99453557,0.00032069077,0.004306373,0.000075799355,0.0000148772615,0.000015387095,0.00015547057,0.000040000177,0.00053600885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952988,0.00021158831,0.0031406903,0.000021604967,0.0000047879876,0.000010249375,0.00020384452,0.000018151975,0.001090257],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998653,0.000014619181,0.000017132123,0.000023324741,0.00005569531,0.000023955101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999879,0.000037204798,0.000015248023,0.0000151132845,0.00004065818,0.0000127600815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033403074,0.00021347233,0.00027284335,0.00025254983,0.0004470503,0.00035833876,0.00024869727,0.00040097843,0.0006273486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036011546,0.00018357125,0.00031105144,0.00029268445,0.0001851463,0.00036619627,0.00015447498,0.00031564716,0.00021569776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007757642,0.000012096897,0.0001767138,0.000023808907,0.000003282611,0.000019236737,0.000013286767,0.00013217755,0.99824274,0.00003042613,0.000018438177,0.0012501372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036351012,0.000040775336,0.0012526917,9.254691e-7,0.0000046525233,0.00002325754,0.00001258941,0.0007200309,0.9975999,0.00002594024,0.00031333306,0.0000022124125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014661639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018136504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014661639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035003308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039211073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029152632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993240218","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20385","title":"A theoretical and experimental study of the crossflow microfiltration process of silica particles in an aqueous suspension","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Microfiltration; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Microporous material; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.005531973351121064,"score_gpt":0.2226596703291446,"score_spread":0.21712769697802353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993240218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84016854,0.0008088162,0.15055373,0.00021142185,0.000032572745,0.000097993034,0.000095550284,0.00018310023,0.0078483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98724896,0.0003875546,0.011207807,0.000017393151,0.000008978356,0.00003442439,0.000057726473,0.000008722229,0.0010285126],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998317,0.000022240642,0.000005503611,0.000039640174,0.00007979369,0.000021201271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997234,0.00017954939,0.000023826717,0.000019589286,0.00004649149,0.0000072043863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005378285,0.0002867048,0.0003764338,0.0003809849,0.00057252945,0.00039275474,0.0005803655,0.00072115374,0.0013170362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008560063,0.00019896428,0.00052592636,0.00021710948,0.00066620973,0.00079397496,0.00024808812,0.00042520592,0.00015339571],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024210096,0.00027984983,0.0015592673,0.00025026605,0.000028159251,0.0003718071,0.00015675684,0.18000048,0.7856594,0.016471282,0.00017208967,0.014808434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025212084,0.00026108895,0.0015559166,0.000010557144,0.000016320191,0.000126698,0.000043010692,0.7441512,0.25115734,0.0017692785,0.00086561695,0.00001770797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021891596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007500949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021891596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009986949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046571973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0072460175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993504095","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.048","title":"The effect of phase inversion promoters on the structure and performance of polyetherimide hollow fiber membrane using in gas–liquid contacting process","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Materials science; Phase inversion; Porosity; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemical engineering; Spinning; Solvent; Methanol; Fiber; Polymer; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0190557875661035,"score_gpt":0.2692873047804988,"score_spread":0.2502315172143953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993504095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99882513,0.00015486931,0.00059233274,0.000018021427,0.00000576824,0.0000030235913,0.000018739034,0.000013127421,0.00036901233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875534,0.0001646163,0.00047467113,0.0000069398056,0.0000031635054,0.0000037158575,0.000039780887,0.000009604242,0.00054209767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999027,0.000013148341,0.0000047066915,0.00001683372,0.00003420025,0.00002843272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981695,0.00006523085,0.000046196303,0.000012653032,0.000039126513,0.00001988353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016009882,0.0002323082,0.00014290964,0.00007470811,0.00016784469,0.00023802642,0.00025157866,0.00022043438,0.0008171078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003123587,0.00018664975,0.00013647835,0.00011050217,0.00018591547,0.00038199645,0.00011410117,0.0002772218,0.0001560606],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014174132,0.000014770938,0.00012985447,0.00002545995,0.000002246819,0.000022828943,0.000024904943,0.00013298246,0.9985978,0.00007339053,0.00002239273,0.0008115519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002014855,0.000036725065,0.0003029659,7.457759e-7,0.00000247961,0.000008069188,0.000005815944,0.00052765576,0.9989862,0.0000048320176,0.000121212775,0.0000012290584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006274329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091727107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008171078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024099187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002030243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027335286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993703622","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.01.3","title":"Control of Membrane Surface Roughness and Pattern Wave Length by Changing the Nonsolvent (Water) Influx Rate","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Surface roughness; Surface finish; Membrane; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014832538665934617,"score_gpt":0.2458896916867442,"score_spread":0.2310571530208096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993703622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98990405,0.00055773376,0.00859861,0.0000550873,0.000022208813,0.00006699392,0.000107494045,0.00009150357,0.0005964222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818912,0.0008653625,0.01579522,0.000033435048,0.0000094776815,0.0001433641,0.00013680368,0.000041034258,0.0010840836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996835,0.00005812269,0.000042054995,0.00007740218,0.00008738072,0.000051573807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994661,0.0002175517,0.00013818502,0.000040168707,0.000099929246,0.00003805767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040014027,0.00049606647,0.00029879878,0.00021215483,0.0001400218,0.00039620526,0.00026181288,0.00038098614,0.00060756435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00077444396,0.00016923105,0.00023558868,0.00019630426,0.00019904283,0.00045336544,0.00020691789,0.0004822878,0.0001835205],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037963095,0.000008906985,0.00004677826,0.000013387493,0.0000013268364,0.000007985434,0.0000076122374,0.000046128327,0.9992773,0.000018972056,0.0000053061003,0.0005284074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052994333,0.00006613879,0.00041894332,8.9478607e-7,0.000004130817,0.000008100406,0.000006090008,0.0006227441,0.9986395,0.000006834367,0.00021847388,0.0000028416969],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004246192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053254823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060756435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024991162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021261675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021161437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995644394","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.007","title":"Novel electrokinetic approach reduces membrane fouling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Electrokinetic phenomena; Chemistry; Membrane; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.069312957059526,"score_gpt":0.31800969050285205,"score_spread":0.24869673344332605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995644394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9334612,0.002596299,0.055860065,0.00067965063,0.00067073957,0.00008322716,0.000094004325,0.00034974655,0.0062050223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9633738,0.00135395,0.02252374,0.0003625179,0.00008943205,0.000054494805,0.00011828019,0.00005073254,0.012073154],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999894,0.000008621485,0.000006800898,0.00003238036,0.000039006653,0.000019234998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995244,0.00000771326,0.000009628692,0.0000062164727,0.000015415644,0.000008540398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012196682,0.00032777613,0.00027978705,0.0002369484,0.0002087903,0.00038717058,0.0005195628,0.0007051569,0.0010445103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012205512,0.00019711547,0.00033183812,0.00014569562,0.00023750708,0.0006476606,0.0003190004,0.0007112954,0.00040436295],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003321577,0.000048180387,0.000027010694,0.00003537473,0.0000059645013,0.000050189436,0.000008522596,0.00003789021,0.9967257,0.0002931632,0.00009193393,0.0026428485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011222674,0.00006780123,0.00021551605,0.0000017194287,0.000009787751,0.00016475991,0.0000068918316,0.00063380366,0.9971385,0.00006363763,0.0016819979,0.0000044347757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000117743686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034245942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010445103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017488268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002413492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034942627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995779252","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2011.09.035","title":"Pervaporative desalination of water using natural zeolite membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Water Research Institute","keywords":"Clinoptilolite; Zeolite; Desalination; Membrane; Seawater; Salinity; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.04451848299327916,"score_gpt":0.26084824815912366,"score_spread":0.2163297651658445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995779252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951094,0.00052595005,0.0030858754,0.00012637483,0.00001608175,0.000011153608,0.00008420523,0.00004270611,0.0009982549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961028,0.00043798453,0.0011635412,0.000017510869,0.0000053852027,0.0000065802924,0.000069913076,0.000007852855,0.0021885824],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992824,0.00000772572,0.0000051318343,0.00001281542,0.000024526664,0.000021578939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999703,0.000009014566,0.000005423028,0.0000032735015,0.000008281838,0.0000038541084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012317403,0.00021789192,0.00020079978,0.00015608649,0.00026023854,0.0002822307,0.00018966243,0.00021052586,0.0006205397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014834244,0.00011409496,0.0002456258,0.00011073244,0.00020651166,0.000601007,0.00024049745,0.00033039108,0.00018155584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000099121215,0.000020966489,0.0002643424,0.00006886182,0.0000094173,0.00004171792,0.000051894884,0.0003975126,0.99405897,0.00031889672,0.00007493609,0.00459344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012270853,0.000056159523,0.0012168449,0.000002030276,0.0000061469086,0.00005480624,0.000040728733,0.0012278856,0.99555165,0.00015221923,0.0016732145,0.000005997974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030984106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004138248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030984106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045802313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004207609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006160736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995790844","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.009","title":"Start-up period investigation of pilot-scale submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) treating raw municipal wastewater","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Fouling; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Pilot plant; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.01482049840971418,"score_gpt":0.2142629682516722,"score_spread":0.19944246984195801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995790844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977062,0.000576185,0.000621703,0.000029571273,0.000013711323,0.00003788678,0.0004351712,0.00003085448,0.0005488087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973642,0.00036727538,0.000796034,0.00002611828,0.0000073998403,0.000038476566,0.00039630898,0.000010942995,0.000993288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997695,0.000028314047,0.000022440674,0.000057022262,0.000067030116,0.000055806566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956244,0.00016567942,0.00006576265,0.00003333649,0.00011656837,0.000056248922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031206524,0.00035939657,0.0005504214,0.0002814764,0.00035774807,0.00046734812,0.00034739976,0.0004000436,0.0014695592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005544572,0.00016771862,0.000582499,0.00034489858,0.00014637769,0.00046411352,0.00028103957,0.00045023614,0.0003081779],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021104529,0.00039365047,0.0022799207,0.00017567989,0.00002119034,0.00011713634,0.00006860807,0.00029515213,0.98846066,0.000026152382,0.00008350959,0.0059678545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033830012,0.0049990662,0.03484082,0.000017254935,0.00010341348,0.000070719594,0.00017087195,0.0010335121,0.9578242,0.000028390388,0.00086127414,0.000016607635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024393292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028569077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024393292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042038984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005081064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049161315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996936466","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.043","title":"Correlations between trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and sludge properties in submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) and conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Correlation coefficient; Bioreactor; Fouling; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017849435084272135,"score_gpt":0.22584371645153953,"score_spread":0.2079942813672674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996936466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990565,0.00016947843,0.00053069124,0.000012351808,0.0000032426303,0.0000020160733,0.00012077381,0.000013415768,0.0000915502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945086,0.00006765989,0.00016042955,0.0000062688864,0.000002651782,0.0000028675663,0.00017299848,0.000002806867,0.00013346123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971026,0.000053277356,0.000038290564,0.000067289824,0.0000994574,0.00003140092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977756,0.0014017255,0.00036157697,0.00008518845,0.00023373657,0.00014218054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005796943,0.00024271787,0.0003444364,0.00044633387,0.00012956162,0.0005342092,0.00017472118,0.00045336867,0.0005881119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020583302,0.00026787302,0.00037117358,0.00043873303,0.00019012704,0.00041102443,0.00020792514,0.00046271537,0.00037866732],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001830661,0.00016927716,0.100522235,0.00008556064,0.0001267415,0.00022531136,0.00011607684,0.0019494815,0.88676256,0.00006507894,0.00009901421,0.00804796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020312373,0.0016087393,0.5962811,0.00000765395,0.00011488104,0.0005500571,0.00014928273,0.009210507,0.39163437,0.0001304579,0.00026415344,0.000028492084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009971025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083967636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009971025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023040148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026783525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003065765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998401822","doi":"10.4314/wsa.v33i1.48787","title":"Removal of zinc ions from aqueous solution using micellar- enhanced ultrafiltration at low surfactant concentrations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water SA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Critical micelle concentration; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Micelle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Adsorption; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Langmuir adsorption model; Inorganic chemistry; Zinc; Chromatography; Membrane; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Nuclear chemistry; Metal; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015021700466789235,"score_gpt":0.2303143609966761,"score_spread":0.21529266052988685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998401822","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869903,0.0009260099,0.011628648,0.00005784789,0.000011187791,0.000020437757,0.000048708487,0.00006648638,0.00025036625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98271745,0.001183326,0.014466432,0.000039946775,0.000008161176,0.000021525082,0.00013522097,0.00002450695,0.0014033668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998242,0.000030113812,0.000016478958,0.000032760883,0.0000677692,0.000028686225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998865,0.000026158326,0.000030299425,0.0000071816057,0.000039500264,0.000010411674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036077262,0.0005417097,0.00049417815,0.00021756557,0.00017429571,0.0004605879,0.00032308052,0.000501877,0.0001837611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039677238,0.00019606763,0.00034779147,0.00017230157,0.00018199747,0.00040761897,0.00024220027,0.0003610365,0.00015566529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001611345,0.0000046686487,0.000047649195,0.00001311752,0.0000016610786,0.000007101216,0.0000046739588,0.00003963888,0.9992242,0.000009701112,0.0000030153067,0.00062841363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046630425,0.00006096693,0.00032137442,0.0000012797797,0.000006038374,0.000029012213,0.000003977534,0.00062494347,0.9987232,0.000008159244,0.00021347865,0.0000027868819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017801904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022312847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017801904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042262187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003002961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035396814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998675481","doi":"10.1002/app.34809","title":"Novel surface modifying macromolecules (SMMs) blended polysulfone gas separation membranes by phase inversion technique","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Phase inversion; Materials science; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Solvent; Gas separation; Casting; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.022242134651216397,"score_gpt":0.26892777355389685,"score_spread":0.24668563890268047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998675481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98108494,0.0011846573,0.01637964,0.00007372538,0.000025373767,0.000030044806,0.00006778636,0.00008731975,0.0010664692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821922,0.00074370176,0.014834626,0.00002311848,0.000010639902,0.000024388472,0.0000928967,0.000019075556,0.0020593763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999063,0.000016531816,0.0000066108887,0.000017628365,0.000037110633,0.000015946067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988115,0.000021541015,0.00004623422,0.0000100273555,0.00002549374,0.000015464284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001377388,0.00039635182,0.00015500927,0.00015788349,0.00010098933,0.00019505403,0.00016448883,0.00026925188,0.00040832875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001650187,0.00010695149,0.00020275675,0.000116020194,0.00014211088,0.0003120929,0.00013880545,0.0003249776,0.00022801048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011738927,0.0000033616016,0.000025506939,0.000016371148,0.000001445997,0.000015051808,0.000006383324,0.000032754466,0.9991584,0.000060413713,0.000005841139,0.0006627099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018390889,0.00003071545,0.00015964605,8.7463457e-7,0.0000037435495,0.000036597663,0.0000030766123,0.00027830817,0.9988158,0.00001086749,0.0006575757,0.0000011355222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028705134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005932124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00040832875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019914114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001714847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014448762},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999073760","doi":"10.1007/s11356-014-2858-z","title":"Fluoride removal from aqueous solution by direct contact membrane distillation: theoretical and experimental studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Current Water Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane; Aqueous solution; Thermal diffusivity; Concentration polarization; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Permeation; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Knudsen diffusion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.023716583691318877,"score_gpt":0.3198095863437574,"score_spread":0.29609300265243854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999073760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99531966,0.0010551893,0.0023228757,0.00004413217,0.000013850907,0.000011703589,0.00005445855,0.000014463062,0.0011635631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971716,0.0009160583,0.0011273809,0.000008546508,0.000008718647,0.000009506872,0.00004877013,0.0000036876295,0.0007058618],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979764,0.00002623184,0.000007712758,0.000040225856,0.00009436508,0.000033819757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996201,0.0002642186,0.000024206263,0.000023867075,0.000058016496,0.000009601298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039602345,0.00033519577,0.0005175287,0.0002138806,0.00060994906,0.00038930684,0.0006675683,0.000749694,0.00158035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066209614,0.00022506498,0.00036495694,0.00029894896,0.0004888067,0.00058487843,0.00022709055,0.00048038745,0.00026318262],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010738511,0.00016958981,0.0008046355,0.00043295126,0.000021961616,0.0001540165,0.0001350799,0.0021860523,0.9853166,0.0005724027,0.000102929815,0.009029902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003832639,0.00053581403,0.001334871,0.0000053135086,0.00002652195,0.00011418382,0.00007829246,0.00622183,0.9907975,0.00014705786,0.0006846344,0.000015643027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038518894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002779356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038518894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050633395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028510965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0076589584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999545766","doi":"10.1080/10934529.2011.562860","title":"Development of a bench-scale immersed ultrafiltration apparatus for coagulation pretreatment experiments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Alum; Flocculation; Turbidity; Aeration; Process engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.07981804782082243,"score_gpt":0.3199451655179881,"score_spread":0.24012711769716566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999545766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50387454,0.00063783384,0.48762506,0.00017485565,0.00014080912,0.0033777773,0.0011162054,0.0015613211,0.0014915182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.34225363,0.00097653986,0.65120703,0.000106237436,0.000054187396,0.0021789342,0.0017697487,0.00016432704,0.0012894161],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998796,0.00018633217,0.00014209838,0.00020740321,0.0005895428,0.00007866329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990085,0.00022413897,0.00016039539,0.00020672391,0.0003320935,0.000068170775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020636567,0.00067806215,0.0008167747,0.0005093116,0.0006084,0.00073526584,0.0011685137,0.00077842345,0.0008753647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020484144,0.0002743453,0.00060525024,0.0004031019,0.0005408466,0.00087617285,0.0006436473,0.0012319537,0.0005159938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005092988,0.000105865845,0.0003053378,0.00009655498,0.000009215919,0.000019387777,0.000030829586,0.00028529202,0.99338406,0.0001170442,0.000042664444,0.005552769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026673406,0.00069459755,0.0022800295,0.000009829682,0.000025062485,0.000069663845,0.000021256019,0.0016219387,0.99269474,0.00006249511,0.0024784121,0.000015347137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079832546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011054719,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020636567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005500944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013072977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010913789},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000468286","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0093","title":"Direct biofiltration pretreatment for fouling control of ultrafiltration membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Turbidity; Membrane; Chemistry; Water treatment; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Biofouling; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.007867961199457733,"score_gpt":0.23174278161596426,"score_spread":0.22387482041650653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000468286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98677677,0.0020800543,0.010195189,0.00006944642,0.00002541794,0.000036668178,0.00008472978,0.00005196393,0.0006798286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903606,0.0010738554,0.007542083,0.000025152074,0.0000084588555,0.00001865667,0.00010539819,0.0000114999075,0.00085434027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979883,0.000027438695,0.000011896562,0.000042400967,0.00007686776,0.000042511667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992955,0.00001880242,0.000020686844,0.0000077492705,0.000014681766,0.0000085457505],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020410931,0.00042133706,0.00026216157,0.00018311167,0.00027302082,0.00033713854,0.00025842496,0.0002492242,0.00048581345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002002625,0.00013857428,0.00029401435,0.0001361234,0.00015371767,0.00026921928,0.0002745528,0.0004473758,0.0001085732],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026039557,0.000015342006,0.000117234966,0.000031801294,0.0000035575379,0.000010110802,0.000009038491,0.00008626633,0.9970368,0.000021789403,0.000017101573,0.002624937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055731116,0.00010719005,0.0015020414,0.0000028000793,0.000007718352,0.00003130945,0.000007515422,0.0005458854,0.9970919,0.000011514402,0.0006833554,0.0000031550273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025482737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044274046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025482737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059279305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029337115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050668716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000618945","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.07.014","title":"Flux enhancement using oscillatory motion and turbulence promoters","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Oscillation (cell signaling); Amplitude; Turbulence; Vortex; Mechanics; Physics; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Optics; Chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03420141714315891,"score_gpt":0.2525188378894748,"score_spread":0.2183174207463159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000618945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9795114,0.0006898485,0.015874583,0.00022542564,0.00008039194,0.000040132825,0.000036925543,0.00015271781,0.0033886968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950346,0.00029800044,0.0029905497,0.000033291006,0.000018056508,0.000021650292,0.000028446671,0.000023702258,0.0015517677],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999068,0.000020153171,0.000006780443,0.000017224644,0.00001851505,0.000030526735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998229,0.000057028847,0.000047895537,0.0000143213265,0.000026053742,0.000031748474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020267598,0.00035086466,0.00024172134,0.00028702203,0.00018978743,0.00048341227,0.00025126128,0.00025838971,0.0012822853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030415508,0.00015267498,0.00025491018,0.00022979222,0.00026715887,0.00047576337,0.0004064336,0.00042740465,0.00017231259],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033687023,0.00013748264,0.0002030436,0.00007722455,0.0000058002033,0.000054102915,0.000040547846,0.0005189094,0.9892245,0.0016952751,0.00014372719,0.007562537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028544118,0.00020635725,0.00026324092,0.0000057578523,0.000008373265,0.000018444256,0.000011695494,0.0036411246,0.9947299,0.00010218426,0.0009794343,0.000004887101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043565946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047231972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012822853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030285126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024434252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004289627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000666468","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2010.01.001","title":"Negatively charged polyethersulfone hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane for the removal of bisphenol A from wastewater","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Bisphenol A; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Bisphenol; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Epoxy","score_opus":0.014101986821957896,"score_gpt":0.2582670417745518,"score_spread":0.24416505495259389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000666468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848349,0.0022287765,0.0114909755,0.00019603492,0.00010831715,0.000026124108,0.00009480389,0.00010650389,0.00091348204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856404,0.0016339099,0.009165338,0.00006521571,0.000022894115,0.000017346754,0.00011974591,0.000020976928,0.0033141342],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998425,0.000022110544,0.000011990633,0.00002356766,0.00007612408,0.000023593251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992406,0.000011557112,0.0000133653275,0.0000041070593,0.000031761352,0.000015153713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025470002,0.00034189018,0.00028733144,0.00029756894,0.00048173856,0.00028034166,0.00030747033,0.0005868786,0.00041128392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019982322,0.00019588451,0.00036274098,0.00019799116,0.00019819611,0.00040503885,0.00023718391,0.0004180719,0.0002946797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060102528,0.000014002022,0.000058006837,0.000035023673,0.0000042766483,0.000018657056,0.000012011877,0.0000972891,0.9975787,0.000032672222,0.00003594404,0.002053349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007341456,0.00009839495,0.00081580406,0.0000031630182,0.000014326453,0.000054638844,0.0000127762205,0.0015636416,0.9964306,0.000023403389,0.00096896087,0.0000069270336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002990944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003189242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002990944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004860955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049395824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059470534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000957007","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.123","title":"Treatment of kraft evaporator condensate using a thermophilic submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biogas; Fouling; Effluent; Kraft paper; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Methane; Evaporator; Membrane; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01772640404095025,"score_gpt":0.25831413871335207,"score_spread":0.24058773467240183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000957007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99478626,0.00083963777,0.0035278609,0.000056733443,0.000012666235,0.000015981082,0.00011005913,0.00006189852,0.00058888755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99297184,0.00076254766,0.004870699,0.000024719233,0.000008334077,0.000016436985,0.00017944386,0.000015046703,0.00115092],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998062,0.000034367284,0.000016951415,0.000039097446,0.000063925974,0.000039497543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992967,0.000009611914,0.000024856718,0.0000067658316,0.000017323502,0.000011768432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016442593,0.000390583,0.00056710077,0.00019705796,0.00026348516,0.00034395978,0.00023596566,0.0003104456,0.00041267966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016270042,0.0001365269,0.0003801343,0.0001804217,0.00015447616,0.00034861354,0.00029230968,0.00029050768,0.00024113116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041603627,0.000009885525,0.00023120853,0.000031573072,0.000005583996,0.000020524836,0.000007841326,0.00015447277,0.99817634,0.00001262561,0.000010283979,0.0012980184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000498632,0.00013737618,0.0017789968,0.0000035924777,0.0000147311375,0.000053664822,0.000018639457,0.0009436456,0.9963013,0.00001133414,0.00072756625,0.000004154768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023929714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003613621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023929714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040820672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033519702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00475806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001297782","doi":"10.1081/ss-120027996","title":"Dependence of Performance of Poly(Sulfone‐co‐Amide) Membranes on Compositional Variation of Casting Solution and Coagulation Media—Development of Reverse Osmosis and Nano Filtration Membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Solvent; Sulfone; Polymer chemistry; Phase inversion; Polyamide; Choline chloride; Solubility; Terephthaloyl chloride; Acetone; Condensation polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01998637761825867,"score_gpt":0.2661086910230518,"score_spread":0.24612231340479312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001297782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99285513,0.0011547222,0.004544401,0.00004985147,0.00002798527,0.000028423154,0.0001560945,0.00016439857,0.0010190256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879887,0.0014052852,0.008170163,0.000032665524,0.000014565758,0.000060810995,0.00026504346,0.00008785206,0.0019748372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997478,0.00003737487,0.00002499984,0.000049208335,0.00008162776,0.000058889276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996418,0.00009436801,0.00009265351,0.000024497129,0.00009803422,0.000048612175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046034626,0.00059443037,0.00033467304,0.00021205917,0.00016232867,0.00044145362,0.0002435127,0.0003914306,0.00046090872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005096236,0.00020742435,0.00026858857,0.00020003748,0.00016211954,0.00043442546,0.00019025942,0.00044648768,0.00037042846],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016355234,0.000004602624,0.000024617435,0.000010230433,0.0000015033268,0.000007619583,0.000008210504,0.000022110364,0.99961406,0.000010579429,0.000004928335,0.0002751284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011593305,0.000029056964,0.0002874059,0.0000020433924,0.000003103062,0.000011956807,0.0000038055784,0.0001916555,0.9993266,0.0000023661914,0.0001394322,0.0000013724747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006144541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007106582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006144541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034917385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020384675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025334954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002034085","doi":"10.2166/wst.2006.707","title":"Characterization of fouled membranes from a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Microanalysis; Chromatography; Biofouling; Membrane technology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008449746903425414,"score_gpt":0.20782650733654306,"score_spread":0.19937676043311764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002034085","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934656,0.00066465203,0.005308866,0.000048676815,0.0000104642595,0.000033528548,0.00017676182,0.000031715776,0.00025977846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98851043,0.0007765287,0.008240292,0.00007086062,0.000010135684,0.00006452112,0.00065713003,0.000033181183,0.0016368878],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981886,0.000027357148,0.000014326802,0.00003186039,0.00007974838,0.000027883527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997434,0.0000719488,0.000049827693,0.000021105296,0.00008775542,0.000026037711],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026791415,0.00034277837,0.0004343178,0.00044227726,0.0003181542,0.00035987367,0.00017228434,0.00070480746,0.00037159864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006639352,0.00015643546,0.00028078086,0.00023714389,0.0002450917,0.00042467058,0.00019758513,0.0003703407,0.0002009438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013174812,0.0000033415597,0.00010448173,0.000016495771,0.0000026974562,0.000024941339,0.000009476356,0.000033010187,0.9993278,0.000005487288,0.0000021005105,0.000456956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047765707,0.0001347119,0.005258036,0.0000056088543,0.000014642717,0.000147473,0.000031589232,0.0005176088,0.9932647,0.000028304607,0.0005868927,0.000005643322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001217648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010456399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001217648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022435049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022096507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024211407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002048433","doi":"10.2166/wst.2013.780","title":"Performance of novel sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SB-AnMBR) treating prehydrolysis liquor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency","keywords":"Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Lignin; Furfural; Bioreactor; Black liquor; Dissolving pulp; Effluent; Xylose; Acetic acid; Waste management; Wastewater; Cellulose; Fermentation; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010791017539006903,"score_gpt":0.22137927645010852,"score_spread":0.2105882589111016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002048433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947419,0.0013354041,0.0032673096,0.000051401403,0.000027416172,0.000020573418,0.00011737275,0.00008460051,0.00035396247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900141,0.0010941747,0.0077823214,0.000037506336,0.000011464691,0.0000220752,0.00032444313,0.000012059768,0.00070195034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974686,0.000046030178,0.000025081943,0.000053244614,0.00009163532,0.000037167258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998586,0.000028081582,0.000026368334,0.000007893145,0.00004394624,0.000035087956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003685468,0.00042612705,0.0006522108,0.00019267891,0.00025533486,0.00044357183,0.0003984231,0.0006538265,0.00031757477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028146806,0.00014712212,0.0004471854,0.00013893931,0.00011269739,0.00044252735,0.000271331,0.00040790037,0.0003053367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019729718,0.000053322154,0.00030587462,0.00006926746,0.000009628916,0.000026564547,0.000005684004,0.00027941505,0.99711406,0.00001496763,0.000017954939,0.0019059757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002404739,0.0009918257,0.0035555267,0.0000071846175,0.000041318053,0.00019709487,0.000017235083,0.003603318,0.99066985,0.000018734341,0.0008613936,0.000012390925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014419429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017405984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014419429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003965599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003417364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002877295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002325958","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.029","title":"The effect of gel layer thickness on the salt rejection performance of polyelectrolyte gel-filled nanofiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Salt (chemistry); Polyelectrolyte; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Donnan potential; Microporous material; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Polymer; Electrolyte; Organic chemistry; Electrode","score_opus":0.0066716860119580305,"score_gpt":0.22743612823431247,"score_spread":0.22076444222235445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002325958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983903,0.0003711196,0.000823908,0.000032042783,0.000022796943,0.0000054321067,0.00006859015,0.00002131696,0.00026444878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980001,0.0002848397,0.00094174314,0.00003500063,0.00001120276,0.0000074224877,0.00013617528,0.000022234135,0.0005612559],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997143,0.000067096764,0.000040308212,0.000037830545,0.000071881834,0.000068583584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913895,0.0004847181,0.00012051902,0.000043961707,0.00014463702,0.00006725342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063803623,0.00040440806,0.0003369091,0.00015569928,0.00020983607,0.00050497503,0.0002778489,0.00054754294,0.0005778579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001009408,0.0003782881,0.0003468554,0.00017407829,0.0002749468,0.0006952073,0.00016674529,0.00056079467,0.00020134405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043971016,0.000016899336,0.0000970992,0.000024902416,0.000007325131,0.00001929823,0.000019406085,0.00012550876,0.9988336,0.000011572904,0.000009863407,0.000394812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007702707,0.00012003471,0.00041915537,0.0000012662351,0.000010344969,0.000012223812,0.0000055317955,0.00040186683,0.9989625,0.0000048104544,0.00005145867,0.0000030594406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060769444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005657333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00063803623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026668195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019173253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033742785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002526915","doi":"10.1590/s1413-41522011000300008","title":"Avaliação da remoção de matéria orgânica carbonácea e nitrogenada de águas residuárias em biorreator de membranas","year":2011,"lang":"pt","type":"article","venue":"Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nalco (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Molecular biology; Nuclear chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.03775278239401196,"score_gpt":0.25102898733024925,"score_spread":0.21327620493623728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002526915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99724174,0.0005090852,0.001506179,0.000024327164,0.000011796608,0.000021024793,0.000116289855,0.000021104286,0.00054852135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938392,0.000597887,0.0038785331,0.000023130146,0.0000048851193,0.000033969005,0.00011622557,0.0000138498135,0.0014924122],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967694,0.00004149973,0.000018928738,0.000088693916,0.00012724848,0.000046683435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977475,0.000059740953,0.000048695154,0.000014022559,0.0000804717,0.00002230739],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045038364,0.00037935725,0.00040088443,0.00027205318,0.0003034935,0.00051311555,0.0002731919,0.0005254874,0.0007877597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045938342,0.00012232858,0.0005247956,0.00023143142,0.00026119954,0.0004658128,0.00030275193,0.00029117678,0.00015191405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009366427,0.000022590833,0.001216131,0.00008619274,0.000008660368,0.000032551965,0.00004560285,0.00027602728,0.99578637,0.000025312986,0.000008178518,0.002398703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006859827,0.0006400257,0.009588159,0.000015791024,0.00002387174,0.000054289332,0.00017538754,0.0023116178,0.98585075,0.000038347694,0.0012836945,0.00001128131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024401438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034947828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024401438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046175238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002821653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048518777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002926606","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.046","title":"Electrically-enhanced crossflow microfiltration for separation of lactoferrin from whey protein mixtures","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Chemistry; Permeation; Chromatography; Whey protein; Membrane; Lactoferrin; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Saturation (graph theory); Membrane technology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011571185536212863,"score_gpt":0.29401959984245873,"score_spread":0.2824484143062459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002926606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99053264,0.00086679676,0.007686732,0.00015852955,0.000035651516,0.000012450445,0.000040840103,0.000057227,0.000609122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99257797,0.00053232926,0.005164733,0.00005893905,0.000019859659,0.000015229746,0.0000962613,0.000016187849,0.0015184905],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988675,0.00001593893,0.000005815948,0.000019376108,0.000045381494,0.000026677411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999138,0.000038948838,0.000012835343,0.000006189282,0.000015870437,0.000012353662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022253345,0.00020064475,0.0002218991,0.00016907348,0.00031325634,0.00035456478,0.00024806638,0.00037158572,0.0005641634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027544922,0.00010026755,0.00020599738,0.0001223721,0.00021800082,0.00044032035,0.00037610685,0.00062144373,0.00016219498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008125421,0.000023822196,0.00011926193,0.000018417004,0.000004611405,0.000023812769,0.000024105304,0.00010214175,0.99693954,0.000114352646,0.00004549042,0.0025031175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053581025,0.000031437095,0.00078019773,0.0000015821854,0.0000040852156,0.00004374948,0.0000098781875,0.0016020531,0.99700934,0.000028208531,0.00048114767,0.00000303654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008918539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013552686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008918539,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048055162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020055105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034866333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003163190","doi":"10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60115-6","title":"Advanced regeneration and fixed-bed study of ammonium and potassium removal from anaerobic digested wastewater by natural zeolite","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","keywords":"Ammonium; Chemistry; Elution; Effluent; Clinoptilolite; Chromatography; Potassium; Wastewater; Zeolite; Ion exchange; Desorption; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Ion; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006256157871186982,"score_gpt":0.211387271570871,"score_spread":0.205131113699684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003163190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992249,0.00016312432,0.00028821573,0.0000121459825,0.000008298899,0.0000064941682,0.000038344602,0.000005994147,0.00025245413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998572,0.00014289196,0.00030925183,0.000008340773,0.0000040853524,0.000004566041,0.000048986494,0.0000029335968,0.0009070479],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998616,0.000020978732,0.000012359345,0.000024923314,0.000044077115,0.000035956822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999254,0.000021131373,0.000009526291,0.0000053684057,0.000024965822,0.0000136287445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022220482,0.00026261839,0.00048463535,0.0002605675,0.00034177824,0.00035773736,0.00041520214,0.000437773,0.0005888966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018699621,0.00019028065,0.0005559667,0.0002022129,0.00029771682,0.000334299,0.00019211609,0.0003992521,0.00018507605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011074228,0.00013736264,0.0009959782,0.00009999875,0.000021423351,0.00010410012,0.00008622585,0.0004876688,0.9943883,0.000073791016,0.000036499427,0.0024612423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012638718,0.001196975,0.012670616,0.0000083037885,0.000047656667,0.00020500073,0.0002283416,0.0056016655,0.97873974,0.00009601917,0.0010533119,0.000026109117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008043914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005907985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008043914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004994329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040450518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015994191},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003209434","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.04.030","title":"Study on structure and vacuum membrane distillation performance of PVDF membranes: II. Influence of molecular weight","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Vacuum distillation; Polymer; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Fluoride; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Distillation; Composite material; Desalination; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.007005513737826988,"score_gpt":0.20730283639452632,"score_spread":0.20029732265669933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003209434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964857,0.001604629,0.0010055212,0.000063818574,0.000013703355,0.000007996192,0.00006178168,0.000009181372,0.00074762653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99734014,0.0011014104,0.0006286723,0.000023138075,0.000009336865,0.000008755627,0.00012208833,0.000008687839,0.00075773726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998981,0.000015687987,0.0000046619075,0.000020979835,0.000036621917,0.000024052833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998436,0.00006323843,0.000026392894,0.000011423553,0.00004382287,0.000011474958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001369649,0.00020823363,0.00015133429,0.00010133516,0.00017956068,0.00017034245,0.00021818338,0.0002606239,0.0007052617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035823236,0.000120819575,0.00026837204,0.00013798068,0.00016783492,0.00042386373,0.00011426896,0.00050664827,0.00017296214],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007965976,0.000019148067,0.00026512466,0.000051817802,0.0000055157316,0.000028271521,0.000039220587,0.00011905888,0.9980566,0.00006734613,0.000030486848,0.001237777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000277372,0.0001406066,0.0018618193,0.0000028484149,0.000010878419,0.000056782526,0.000023347946,0.00062194315,0.99673754,0.000023815484,0.0005139547,0.0000037219556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011140927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087178836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011140927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018767157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015420934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023593903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003590793","doi":"10.5539/mas.v9n1p231","title":"Energy Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Console Desalination Plant with Low Temperature Distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Environmental science; Saline water; Distillation; Environmentally friendly; Process engineering; Seawater; Air conditioning; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Salinity; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.0030056723776302834,"score_gpt":0.17470934456934945,"score_spread":0.17170367219171917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003590793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65892476,0.0023011202,0.24607363,0.00047203674,0.00018522133,0.00059252087,0.0018308106,0.007459093,0.08216088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92054266,0.0006196412,0.05551598,0.00009316555,0.000027652932,0.00010991445,0.0010236203,0.00012741427,0.021940017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972445,0.000011800245,0.0000069201706,0.000045793113,0.00018564968,0.000025331043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999521,0.0000062650656,0.000004705725,0.000009018417,0.000022346587,0.0000057107263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001025673,0.0003562927,0.00034220488,0.0004540488,0.0005332105,0.0004607721,0.0005043244,0.00034527064,0.004388026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010888664,0.00014344126,0.000232534,0.0006508937,0.00022219105,0.00056149106,0.0003747749,0.0004004965,0.0011565953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041391904,0.00021226231,0.0026257671,0.0008395061,0.000024414041,0.0003683488,0.00009977475,0.007572363,0.811058,0.00601963,0.0049455105,0.16582054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007535594,0.00069717213,0.011501768,0.000027484455,0.000046587953,0.00084590015,0.00007565138,0.052331526,0.82209945,0.0010530866,0.111189604,0.00005654949],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020796668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033760718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004388026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042867856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005353831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014679432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003712816","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2012.11.020","title":"Modification of activated sludge properties caused by application of continuous and intermittent current","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixed liquor suspended solids; Activated sludge; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Volatile suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Suspended solids; Specific resistance; Bioreactor; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental science; Composite material","score_opus":0.09116840286472219,"score_gpt":0.3423515793962477,"score_spread":0.25118317653152555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003712816","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982621,0.0003692817,0.0008124342,0.00002501724,0.000028246131,0.000008280827,0.00003706431,0.000031723164,0.00042582594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99883085,0.00019227937,0.00047664862,0.000017374132,0.000012424574,0.00000715737,0.00005008087,0.0000063642456,0.00040687862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991345,0.000009211628,0.000007017728,0.000017935528,0.000023955157,0.000028359122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984753,0.000041205883,0.000037904854,0.00001956974,0.000030441579,0.00002332606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011233474,0.00023072859,0.00020114682,0.00016014813,0.00014252003,0.00025679555,0.00020663832,0.00033385435,0.00084771315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035268647,0.00011385782,0.00025359556,0.00019260397,0.00028587176,0.00026105164,0.00009960219,0.0002712671,0.00008451991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00080634194,0.000051063857,0.00041744753,0.00006231852,0.000007982651,0.00005204479,0.000024389597,0.00010647384,0.9956905,0.000053353127,0.00003160321,0.0026964704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026738666,0.00041775507,0.0050356584,0.0000029500618,0.000023125762,0.00005888976,0.000020846866,0.00093520194,0.99298865,0.000034134566,0.00045064866,0.000005358679],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042342232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004078287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084771315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017647451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016767257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028359294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003947504","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.12.043","title":"Monte Carlo simulation and experimental heat and mass transfer in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Mass transfer; Materials science; Membrane; Monte Carlo method; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Heat flux; Direct simulation Monte Carlo; Mechanics; Dynamic Monte Carlo method; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.011199349514552766,"score_gpt":0.2660490874625236,"score_spread":0.25484973794797083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003947504","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98236495,0.00019156918,0.011345912,0.00015474648,0.000035993067,0.00004092002,0.00015553017,0.00011548006,0.0055949413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962547,0.00004424779,0.0024517714,0.000021824613,0.0000052501646,0.00003702493,0.000042133008,0.000019180054,0.0011238211],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996985,0.0000943272,0.000011903368,0.000038010112,0.000101568534,0.000055742395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942591,0.0050044754,0.00014264137,0.00017004908,0.00034511328,0.00007856494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007089147,0.00041964208,0.0009882142,0.00042241567,0.0011349141,0.0008248979,0.0007475455,0.0017637477,0.003242038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033994673,0.00056535384,0.0004943994,0.0006845973,0.0010306967,0.00076824357,0.0003850842,0.0010909194,0.00018754422],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024029771,0.0001503878,0.00094123936,0.00004717815,0.000012655537,0.00004676665,0.00006017351,0.9915432,0.0021840425,0.0030404143,0.0001367008,0.0015970446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019343,0.000031321666,0.0002137196,0.0000014875136,0.0000028164213,0.0000046956893,0.000007398165,0.99775106,0.0017486925,0.0001741317,0.000040136583,0.0000052227824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0245519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011143514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0245519,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017037749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012972907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.048817992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004723441","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2012.710409","title":"Membrane filtration of the liquid fraction from a solid–liquid separator for swine manure using a cationic polymer as flocculating agent","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chromatography; Chemistry; Flocculation; Polymer; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Manure; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015720977114571415,"score_gpt":0.270371574889614,"score_spread":0.25465059777504256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004723441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98733073,0.0003366686,0.011057204,0.00009602428,0.000029599441,0.00007917159,0.00023226324,0.00011234505,0.00072612445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96934456,0.00038645265,0.024930904,0.00020087656,0.000020078205,0.00013766077,0.0012834283,0.00006813233,0.0036278865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996902,0.000049657963,0.00003158575,0.000053459866,0.00010318968,0.00007189662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998276,0.000040762232,0.000037993203,0.000009390838,0.000057783185,0.000026332084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047022876,0.0005754437,0.0005556417,0.0004898779,0.00051173987,0.0005849684,0.00030642154,0.0006172354,0.0011128581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026213384,0.00015141658,0.0006728137,0.00038816986,0.00021767535,0.00032404577,0.00032909718,0.00047593119,0.0005776701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008390675,0.000021860616,0.00035060346,0.000027168979,0.0000061309115,0.00002859789,0.000014343764,0.000055315773,0.9976622,0.00001567349,0.000023268263,0.0017108074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016747872,0.00046902848,0.0043803877,0.000010750906,0.000023811019,0.000070651324,0.000038735223,0.0014350812,0.9922699,0.000015864885,0.001261572,0.0000075065304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027966113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002935771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027966113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051838276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086415024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0055606365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005008813","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.008","title":"Modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) for fouling control in drinking water treatment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Permeation; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Fluoride; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.06348026622721252,"score_gpt":0.33612696002286896,"score_spread":0.2726466937956564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005008813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924084,0.001501659,0.0053550326,0.00006353126,0.00005210229,0.000014318719,0.000033833516,0.000041642536,0.00052953075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946479,0.0007872222,0.003151241,0.00002661748,0.000012297724,0.000008314885,0.000045640896,0.000014268196,0.0013064694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982774,0.00002998879,0.0000148022955,0.000033292243,0.00004559076,0.000048556016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991405,0.000018107541,0.00002048381,0.000009576929,0.000023698676,0.000014003984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030052036,0.00034197656,0.00032179867,0.00022263214,0.00028285457,0.00038196804,0.00028248536,0.00050509773,0.00036557086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000244995,0.0002161987,0.00048247568,0.00017220814,0.00020389962,0.00039765696,0.00013567373,0.00031309904,0.00016532725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055333843,0.000019811587,0.00008253962,0.000027091215,0.0000067489796,0.000018865736,0.000013372427,0.0000874838,0.99790335,0.0000348475,0.000012189163,0.0017382782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032606852,0.000062121566,0.00057551824,0.0000013084094,0.000007874353,0.0000259214,0.0000057384414,0.00040796347,0.99861467,0.000011158675,0.0002814878,0.0000030150254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015397356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016900332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015397356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004109631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000231382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030614734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005453400","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.095","title":"Effects of temperature and temperature shock on the performance and microbial community structure of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Biogas; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic exercise; Pulp and paper industry; Effluent; Chemistry; Microbial population biology; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Botany; Ecology; Wastewater; Bacteria; Engineering","score_opus":0.007943042966553977,"score_gpt":0.18911907252111249,"score_spread":0.1811760295545585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005453400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990375,0.00016093557,0.0004544167,0.00003842467,0.000020695234,0.0000048511783,0.00013112638,0.0000134387665,0.00013854672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990553,0.00010370583,0.0003533232,0.000032247233,0.000006355915,0.0000066509447,0.00015441031,0.000007749291,0.00028031433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997403,0.000051011208,0.00003843784,0.000046555815,0.000059122474,0.00006453207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995252,0.00018180712,0.00008879791,0.000051541156,0.00007515424,0.00007746252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032043207,0.0004451011,0.00067338336,0.00017585151,0.00025988545,0.0005375456,0.0002639337,0.00040013605,0.00073733024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070327404,0.00026581358,0.00041055866,0.00026738975,0.00030498116,0.00038555035,0.0002721554,0.00061339414,0.00020598677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00087148184,0.0000484824,0.00056413485,0.000020225723,0.000011697135,0.000033405307,0.000028604863,0.00019824736,0.997463,0.000012355262,0.000018700492,0.0007297608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014736255,0.0006644825,0.008200856,0.0000038307694,0.000029042698,0.00005183305,0.000059405633,0.0012158944,0.9895839,0.000026475675,0.00013697837,0.000012453012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014780184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009794832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014780184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003704166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031713213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002938807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005504142","doi":"10.1089/ees.2006.0264","title":"Novel Membrane Pretreatment to Increase the Efficiency of Ozonation-BioOxidation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Ozone; Wastewater; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Molar mass; Biochemical oxygen demand; Bleach; Biodegradation; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007736251124467533,"score_gpt":0.1934769163652231,"score_spread":0.18574066524075555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005504142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97377205,0.003960968,0.020364685,0.00018590993,0.000103034385,0.00007895718,0.00015426488,0.00024350068,0.0011365698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98734725,0.001692425,0.009178597,0.000050501953,0.000016716933,0.000038977985,0.00017770908,0.000028131017,0.0014697223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998497,0.000017793052,0.000012874214,0.000033799366,0.000048464328,0.000037298098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999337,0.00001046307,0.000023064693,0.0000055857245,0.000016603832,0.000010636276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015153819,0.0005806891,0.0004751821,0.00022869062,0.0001927063,0.00041304607,0.0002968662,0.0005802479,0.00084414636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018952106,0.00020671457,0.00039696135,0.0002526199,0.0001610438,0.000410434,0.0003010084,0.0006882885,0.00032668546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024044342,0.000015988233,0.0000352138,0.00005260795,0.000004465164,0.000018681783,0.0000055283263,0.00004904718,0.9986941,0.000035807658,0.0000134816855,0.0010510158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000049944433,0.000070809656,0.000605848,0.0000030263436,0.000013884081,0.00008483872,0.000006477408,0.000464771,0.997755,0.000013390307,0.00097323005,0.0000036401004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006202562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00082901196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084414636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032243406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002426723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028239489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005541263","doi":"10.3390/membranes4030319","title":"Filtration Behaviour and Fouling Mechanisms of Polysaccharides","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Fouling; Calcium; Polysaccharide; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011120351377725496,"score_gpt":0.22485323859022868,"score_spread":0.2137328872125032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005541263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941413,0.0021521945,0.003296598,0.00003838286,0.000013754577,0.000015647413,0.000036084708,0.000012934211,0.00029320255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994505,0.0015199534,0.0031849807,0.00004518155,0.000015080947,0.0000127831145,0.00009308712,0.000007372451,0.00061663584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965966,0.00007848661,0.000022570197,0.00005166665,0.00012580436,0.00006187942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997551,0.0000717833,0.000075366275,0.000010503768,0.000060910137,0.000026430756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004681098,0.0004230828,0.00030348107,0.00035271945,0.00026757363,0.0004515469,0.00016741887,0.00046491963,0.00018286845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062276743,0.00012425178,0.0004271804,0.00032707627,0.00022132458,0.0005894127,0.0001669744,0.00042239833,0.000076031385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042288008,0.000011575594,0.0005116119,0.000047597816,0.000009785554,0.000035672547,0.000033807217,0.00007114442,0.9973712,0.000029706434,0.0000057240254,0.0018297852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028108375,0.00025529123,0.0072592217,0.000006429937,0.000019786154,0.00016505083,0.000050634873,0.00065383204,0.9910266,0.0000327921,0.00051305187,0.000014494481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014060403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009353943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014060403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029998962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027701282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027956367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005981686","doi":"10.1007/s10965-014-0386-7","title":"Analysis of Polyetherimide/N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone/nonsolvent phase separation behavior","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Cloud point; Materials science; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Methanol; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Composite material","score_opus":0.0689111258054941,"score_gpt":0.44265881370453053,"score_spread":0.37374768789903645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005981686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895224,0.00051340804,0.007146465,0.000042253967,0.000026963686,0.000044878467,0.00028248932,0.00015553049,0.0022655972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869507,0.00059171586,0.006869925,0.00003698538,0.0000104334395,0.000054040414,0.00054021174,0.00007675727,0.0048692743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997851,0.000020183375,0.0000112220905,0.000052172865,0.00009012711,0.000041179228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996935,0.0000901688,0.000035285226,0.000018373597,0.00013094084,0.000031753872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002434535,0.00033232218,0.00017172884,0.00041811657,0.000315516,0.00024741443,0.00021381007,0.0002548069,0.00210648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004452566,0.00012040025,0.00020535338,0.0003503763,0.00023749597,0.0003559101,0.00012335328,0.0004987638,0.00054487167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000108087675,0.000030189032,0.00020847702,0.000017492446,0.000002687344,0.000021694259,0.000017726006,0.000039397695,0.9978562,0.00002933722,0.000016410488,0.0016521871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019456202,0.000052004452,0.0015547331,0.0000012997709,0.000003912613,0.000017920245,0.000007728097,0.00042801362,0.9977075,0.0000057743387,0.00021753414,0.0000016756179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018226955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021808757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00210648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003183672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000442536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070468783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006467323","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22117","title":"Advanced tools for fluid and fouling layer characterization applied to the description of membrane fouling phenomena for particle‐organic matter mixtures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"CHIST-ERA","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Particle deposition; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Deposition (geology); Organic matter; Chemistry; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Geology; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012619275457537627,"score_gpt":0.1921697925907077,"score_spread":0.17955051713317008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006467323","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009773742,0.0006995185,0.98702747,0.000030569798,0.000032830525,0.00008555942,0.00022681577,0.0010774884,0.0010460181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13768452,0.0015309821,0.8563346,0.000055553697,0.00002818607,0.00077038835,0.0007935915,0.0003290396,0.002473051],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999553,0.00012511807,0.00004997409,0.00006730741,0.00016331722,0.000041266332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994128,0.00031489402,0.000059482303,0.00008447418,0.00011241885,0.000016006315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012372985,0.0011150424,0.00071497384,0.0018786364,0.00038337256,0.0008634038,0.0007841058,0.0010167641,0.002953058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001601902,0.00043530326,0.00082684006,0.0010588892,0.0005075277,0.0010898308,0.00080905366,0.0012625061,0.0017111356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006826701,0.00011402291,0.0009030452,0.0006313236,0.000065155196,0.0003073755,0.00022635504,0.013971401,0.87552917,0.012536166,0.0008197579,0.09482803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026573116,0.00020362884,0.004544159,0.00012290367,0.000057826815,0.0007966858,0.00020972297,0.4630722,0.47130808,0.018226126,0.04131226,0.00011987893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010069185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000971971,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002953058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003551057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049125735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009878933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006638306","doi":"10.1081/ese-200060651","title":"Removal of Phenolic Compounds in Water by Ultrafiltration Membrane Treatments","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02105487639742394,"score_gpt":0.2832243224247501,"score_spread":0.26216944602732617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006638306","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99280715,0.0013909412,0.005018104,0.00003453892,0.000016634625,0.000038538445,0.00012579217,0.00009210862,0.0004761739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98753464,0.0013607987,0.00939138,0.00003951926,0.00001179147,0.000053801723,0.000223504,0.000038637714,0.0013459336],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967074,0.000058765807,0.000020660515,0.0000708313,0.000100826845,0.000078203724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988735,0.000022315051,0.000026164435,0.000009356695,0.00004038168,0.000014385575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037520085,0.0007077216,0.0007510934,0.00029394258,0.00039114922,0.0006022051,0.0003435529,0.0004299089,0.000363492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043076853,0.00014908933,0.00041583655,0.00033719867,0.00023580351,0.0004275556,0.00029508566,0.00047696734,0.00018586725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035455767,0.000010941396,0.00012557785,0.000047109927,0.0000036401284,0.000019207071,0.00002138645,0.00009033403,0.99788827,0.000014907156,0.000007982643,0.0017351232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067008823,0.00020944655,0.0018735138,0.0000047093163,0.00001205908,0.000049790437,0.00002323908,0.00060002744,0.99651057,0.000021366253,0.00068157696,0.0000069861994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004902227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033286246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004902227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007364489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044647983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009747386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007008015","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.039","title":"Biopolymer fouling in dead-end ultrafiltration of treated domestic wastewater","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Backwashing; Wastewater; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Polymer; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0416792141817228,"score_gpt":0.33731779184002986,"score_spread":0.29563857765830703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007008015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99717677,0.0011615881,0.0012042737,0.00002084214,0.0000190447,0.000005065244,0.000045149558,0.000009874703,0.0003573788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99592763,0.0010035624,0.0011666886,0.000028297387,0.000011838096,0.0000060760885,0.00010156052,0.000011984564,0.0017423808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972457,0.000044306606,0.000021451893,0.000045788616,0.000100432655,0.000063405845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998357,0.000050999246,0.000023031705,0.000009161021,0.000056322064,0.00002470508],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040845058,0.00032599788,0.00033092604,0.00034604437,0.00043261828,0.0005042725,0.00024065754,0.00050017826,0.0003209576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004994182,0.00014592781,0.00030197823,0.0002485074,0.00022987375,0.00041265492,0.00013976822,0.00043144618,0.00016585618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021135568,0.000027617196,0.0006581663,0.00006736579,0.000011048191,0.000041033858,0.00008584246,0.00023991524,0.99299264,0.000034685076,0.000032113287,0.0055982727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004124978,0.00012857863,0.0045673987,0.000005586948,0.000017022378,0.00005001533,0.000055608718,0.00086411455,0.9937959,0.000017463053,0.00048964925,0.0000045343745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004607013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004124893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004607013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055181555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031755996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009160399},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007561022","doi":"10.1002/app.12231","title":"Study on surface modification by surface‐modifying macromolecules and its applications in membrane‐separation processes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer; Macromolecule; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface modification; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polyurethane; Pervaporation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Permeation","score_opus":0.024631951461504972,"score_gpt":0.296455880284942,"score_spread":0.27182392882343703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007561022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95793104,0.022008944,0.01546736,0.00016850332,0.000059417143,0.000056130422,0.00005882065,0.000055715976,0.004194122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97997576,0.0089017395,0.0077399053,0.0000617064,0.000033449698,0.000030145226,0.00008485496,0.000016706304,0.0031558862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988997,0.000029642075,0.0000057152533,0.000019687455,0.000036314283,0.000018621515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998989,0.00003461874,0.000019513978,0.000007831512,0.00002723698,0.0000117377285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027959427,0.00029066284,0.00021524147,0.00016667343,0.00017411646,0.00028232488,0.00017230044,0.00037810946,0.0007739161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023784654,0.0001036089,0.0002674137,0.00021314935,0.000170444,0.00030387886,0.00013495184,0.00032839982,0.00031857032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028911181,0.000025482126,0.00016620553,0.00011404873,0.0000063123466,0.000042656706,0.000021326676,0.00012950313,0.99398947,0.00018159667,0.000029049148,0.005265447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003202341,0.00015822469,0.00076185365,0.000007475057,0.000012009541,0.000099365716,0.000012106735,0.0005187936,0.9952317,0.000050164846,0.0031426118,0.000002564647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034237714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022288636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007739161,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002033781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001359142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025889874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007892883","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.069","title":"Variance-based sensitivity analysis for wastewater treatment plant modelling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biochemical engineering; Biological system; Membrane bioreactor; Linear model; Sensitivity (control systems); Variance (accounting); Bioreactor; Variance-based sensitivity analysis; Regression analysis; Variance decomposition of forecast errors; Computer science; Process engineering; Mathematics; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Econometrics; Statistics; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Analysis of variance; One-way analysis of variance; Biology","score_opus":0.020650900412904058,"score_gpt":0.20814641949534382,"score_spread":0.18749551908243978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007892883","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05406329,0.00043161915,0.94184124,0.00026110333,0.00005527491,0.000101279424,0.000362481,0.00039846209,0.0024852918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93213946,0.0002356025,0.06357917,0.00009971092,0.000045160763,0.00033086436,0.00038496006,0.00020302943,0.0029820732],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99759597,0.0016700946,0.0000963488,0.00018072398,0.00030113495,0.00015581965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9894276,0.00949378,0.00027753416,0.00020053274,0.00053676375,0.00006374476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0050407005,0.0013870067,0.0019329515,0.0011803916,0.00069525366,0.0014120687,0.0012807735,0.0017904225,0.0017835592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012068142,0.001255799,0.002662448,0.0007619689,0.00069656584,0.0008723908,0.0015358741,0.0019988879,0.00018935309],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017992003,0.000012848743,0.00011276274,0.000018233606,0.000045630706,0.000011835406,0.00000657892,0.99733305,0.00023599315,0.0008559186,0.00006006515,0.0012891481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023055302,0.000006542289,0.00005812834,0.0000014595175,0.0000054706834,0.000002060064,0.000001440839,0.99897254,0.00009393458,0.0008106664,0.00004146448,0.000004011563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021781176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009365958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021781176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014165815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012683112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.043308794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008877183","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.047","title":"Effect of ozone on biopolymers in biofiltration and ultrafiltration processes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Biofilter; Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Ozone; Biomass (ecology); Fouling; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.024444879040747828,"score_gpt":0.3237390957726893,"score_spread":0.29929421673194145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008877183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99763787,0.0014302641,0.00036289843,0.000033925986,0.000036356752,0.0000050357658,0.000053984964,0.00000677106,0.00043288752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795413,0.0009148104,0.00041653507,0.000029315428,0.000010668908,0.00000372032,0.00006773132,0.0000058654346,0.0005970603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996093,0.00008643292,0.00003280705,0.000046169625,0.00010261981,0.00012270955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995952,0.00018507525,0.000067874156,0.000016942651,0.00008374883,0.00005110649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003905078,0.00032786708,0.00028638105,0.00022174152,0.00035737822,0.0006254677,0.00024266161,0.00045129945,0.0008779885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006022987,0.00017821335,0.00039622694,0.00021096191,0.00028084219,0.0003738008,0.00021807295,0.00047838478,0.00014124518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018215803,0.000108553184,0.0017643933,0.00013932244,0.000052504507,0.000081653096,0.000102675076,0.00035844714,0.9905888,0.0000842089,0.00005381742,0.00484391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023245953,0.0008946304,0.006712583,0.000012653344,0.00005017962,0.000035465528,0.00010708661,0.0006631551,0.9907569,0.000035355944,0.00069720077,0.000011565872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032273494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036803985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032273494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003925725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003487791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064171553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009104232","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2012.749284","title":"Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Sludge Properties, Cake Layer Structure, and Membrane Fouling in a Thermophilic Submerged Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.012411437795378809,"score_gpt":0.24398311301215295,"score_spread":0.23157167521677413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009104232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994869,0.0001449386,0.00018462542,0.000020963931,0.000005321232,0.0000041598637,0.00005629726,0.000012075782,0.0000845805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992017,0.00012099001,0.0003536273,0.000015574638,0.0000035434532,0.0000059618947,0.00006163573,0.0000046227683,0.00023241084],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971,0.00006316357,0.00004186395,0.000047260073,0.00007268307,0.000064959735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994036,0.00019683708,0.00016600371,0.000041600746,0.00007636458,0.00011569072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043992026,0.00035418235,0.0004997808,0.00023735675,0.0002666718,0.00045675065,0.00021695552,0.00035373826,0.0006097468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068981334,0.00022707108,0.000338957,0.00021844692,0.0002094389,0.0004058331,0.00021411732,0.00042311003,0.00018204104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005453746,0.000075221215,0.0004526463,0.00003314094,0.000009771287,0.000034992325,0.000033540837,0.00016655738,0.99759007,0.0000071615864,0.000014057817,0.0010375128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020662954,0.0016211844,0.0068047573,0.0000054523885,0.000031278545,0.00004550697,0.000048084567,0.0010200859,0.99021727,0.000010858664,0.00016119842,0.000013723091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026433393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026041204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026433393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004452509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044885097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052559376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009713381","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.07.016","title":"Impact of cation concentrations on fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Magnesium; Membrane bioreactor; Sodium; Membrane; Chromatography; Calcium; Bioreactor; Divalent; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.018568134201895126,"score_gpt":0.3079040061775891,"score_spread":0.289335871975694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009713381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988563,0.00037004816,0.00019620356,0.00011313526,0.000044339024,0.000007995502,0.00006726011,0.000009434589,0.0003352787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99879265,0.00022848832,0.000302913,0.00005616675,0.000018507051,0.0000055617443,0.000058255377,0.000007670341,0.0005298298],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987551,0.0003765288,0.00016892537,0.00016064108,0.00028404026,0.00025468878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966492,0.002032967,0.00039072314,0.00013150209,0.0005983831,0.00019719222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096776796,0.00045510498,0.0006469295,0.0003131447,0.0007034835,0.0014908307,0.00048144083,0.0013776938,0.0013419228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026555262,0.00042668532,0.00038157863,0.00026901887,0.00059381314,0.0009093037,0.0005135116,0.00053919817,0.0003140491],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006854037,0.00016616558,0.0014904571,0.0001338582,0.0000382327,0.00021394988,0.00010559004,0.00094238605,0.9867715,0.000066317596,0.00011485555,0.0031026485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000051155934,0.0005634511,0.0013274221,0.0000074910236,0.00002881528,0.00005005853,0.00007175445,0.0009616363,0.99658644,0.00003738835,0.00030018025,0.000014068246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004407091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030601753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004407091,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011475409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000893675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008762836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009866508","doi":"10.1007/s10529-012-0965-9","title":"Passive/aggressive detoxification of continuous flow biotreatment systems using absorptive polymers: partitioning bioreactors treating transient phenol loadings","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Phenol; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Inert; Substrate (aquarium); Partition coefficient; Degradation (telecommunications); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01591349583347841,"score_gpt":0.23264046246331443,"score_spread":0.21672696662983604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009866508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980205,0.00011583997,0.0014282484,0.00003855656,0.0000066012403,0.000008321822,0.000030492522,0.000028714107,0.0003228326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99730825,0.0001284326,0.0013678831,0.000019425182,0.0000043998884,0.000007638073,0.00004687082,0.000011054991,0.0011060629],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998778,0.000014254717,0.0000059463205,0.000027310585,0.000030852945,0.0000438288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999285,0.00001797789,0.000018333329,0.0000067305436,0.000012899871,0.000015553404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015765184,0.00039552295,0.00023728979,0.0001264225,0.00023567968,0.0005738873,0.00023425663,0.00036621056,0.0006612203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119872944,0.0001530372,0.00022751643,0.00013714838,0.0002047139,0.0004635767,0.00032532663,0.0004604301,0.00019984208],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006962836,0.00002025779,0.00009304136,0.00001673717,0.0000023530722,0.00001734222,0.000020543648,0.00007947085,0.9984282,0.000037684647,0.000016170306,0.001198577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067015094,0.00013369176,0.0006298699,0.0000017674143,0.0000065389627,0.000025646332,0.000024116658,0.0009716581,0.9979534,0.000015840771,0.00022769469,0.0000031369527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015160186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026615786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015160186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034021586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034426223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030144453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009957191","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2008.12.021","title":"Surface modification of thin film composite polyamide membranes by electrostatic self deposition of polycations for improved fouling resistance","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Permeation; Interfacial polymerization; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Cationic polymerization; Surface modification; Pulmonary surfactant; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.009486863758645825,"score_gpt":0.26668823747928844,"score_spread":0.2572013737206426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009957191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99374384,0.00048184884,0.0049198405,0.00005168919,0.000028655537,0.000010636548,0.000033059285,0.000066731176,0.00066366594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929212,0.0003068576,0.004755433,0.000030438414,0.000011241427,0.000014144664,0.0000791418,0.000021075002,0.0018605671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986184,0.000014229824,0.000012773938,0.000025244275,0.000046084322,0.000039760675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987864,0.00002515266,0.000030364561,0.000017860519,0.00003329835,0.0000147016135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017438497,0.00031502786,0.0002030367,0.0001725046,0.00017882581,0.00023682485,0.00024977277,0.00042384048,0.0005329542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022083701,0.00021215787,0.000343857,0.00013031707,0.00015871898,0.00028233352,0.00018557099,0.00037823996,0.00018299629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000128501915,0.0000034046793,0.000015345646,0.0000084866315,0.0000014900945,0.000010147535,0.0000056687186,0.0000334698,0.99956137,0.000018615965,0.000007539591,0.00032145248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014880831,0.000020667781,0.00020552964,4.796649e-7,0.0000024772485,0.000020941221,0.00000257626,0.00030970806,0.99921584,0.0000051352404,0.00021363815,0.0000014417783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006024259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081515196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006024259,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023497715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016309539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017828941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010036089","doi":"10.1002/aic.14271","title":"Optimal design of split partial second pass reverse osmosis network for desalination applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Extraction (chemistry); Permeation; Process engineering; Engineering; Pressure vessel; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Membrane; Chromatography","score_opus":0.02292746037619407,"score_gpt":0.25379611893522064,"score_spread":0.23086865855902658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010036089","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14366628,0.0007592649,0.841281,0.0004114386,0.000050767212,0.00019224467,0.00020146645,0.00018089898,0.013256662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8694072,0.0005987471,0.123626806,0.000063089734,0.000020104415,0.00030088154,0.00016284725,0.000049835082,0.0057705273],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997924,0.000063044135,0.0000067391848,0.000053791016,0.000040806655,0.00004317912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958414,0.00022065394,0.00008490594,0.000012150175,0.00006799293,0.000030012437],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005865926,0.0010665897,0.00096463854,0.00057816587,0.00039535257,0.0011465919,0.0006849784,0.0013839193,0.0027564426],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010695257,0.0007626136,0.00063431007,0.0004178936,0.00062954705,0.0010154118,0.00064546807,0.0005936708,0.00027586473],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040346265,0.000024965158,0.00018338687,0.00005413249,0.000012103661,0.000050044513,0.000019707148,0.9886502,0.0026862265,0.0022560207,0.00018277786,0.0058399625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000083917075,0.000051965628,0.000079934565,0.0000039976358,0.0000065930867,0.000009153472,0.000013037864,0.9979139,0.00065484544,0.00094709755,0.00030778884,0.0000032324047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039254143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044032703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039254143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012355973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013575507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009221256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010920240","doi":"10.1042/ba20070174","title":"Large‐scale plasmid DNA processing: evidence that cell harvesting and storage methods affect yield of supercoiled plasmid DNA","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Plasmid; DNA; Plasmid preparation; Yield (engineering); Biology; DNA supercoil; Chemistry; Genetics; Materials science; DNA replication","score_opus":0.02867934277626912,"score_gpt":0.2638034028480899,"score_spread":0.23512406007182077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010920240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99149185,0.0015782801,0.0056613744,0.000110577246,0.000022374858,0.00008403757,0.0004540001,0.00009835319,0.00049908395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905095,0.001095842,0.005700219,0.00017087947,0.000017437005,0.00009614391,0.0012578492,0.00011588269,0.001036301],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920243,0.000169706,0.00009816568,0.00015904364,0.0002950997,0.000075631615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952354,0.0025699479,0.0010457559,0.0004454804,0.00054064835,0.00016288136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010646543,0.0006442696,0.0004227055,0.00031760568,0.00019366818,0.00078011246,0.00051093707,0.0007728615,0.0011431866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002740117,0.00027180868,0.00045646055,0.00047519204,0.00037829712,0.0006854688,0.00048801498,0.00063513103,0.00065942254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013607631,0.000069037436,0.0012309666,0.00007336015,0.000018124847,0.000038448212,0.000035218392,0.00008064339,0.99662447,0.0000045618403,0.00001923477,0.0016699487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000544536,0.00070091785,0.016633216,0.0000073666292,0.000032984353,0.00014258218,0.0000371486,0.00037577408,0.98177737,0.000015614964,0.00026390867,0.000007618702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003492311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038624436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011431866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019677314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022817291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005630493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012318711","doi":"10.1002/aic.10050","title":"Gas‐liquid displacement method for estimating membrane pore‐size distributions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Knudsen number; Knudsen diffusion; Microfiltration; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Membrane; Mechanics; Displacement (psychology); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.017635289113508482,"score_gpt":0.31072054022677315,"score_spread":0.29308525111326467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012318711","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13077521,0.00060040556,0.86705965,0.0000697078,0.000017215545,0.00004132237,0.00016120485,0.00062073476,0.00065450364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.67379206,0.00034204338,0.3247424,0.00003141634,0.000008077654,0.00009342763,0.00015557163,0.00003271253,0.0008022348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996836,0.000067746354,0.00001073934,0.000063766776,0.00015508092,0.00001916184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912125,0.00052753644,0.00009724756,0.000066387314,0.00016141405,0.000026287345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005790162,0.0002500837,0.00032383078,0.0009056437,0.00016605019,0.0002889076,0.0004898333,0.00046199255,0.0010129933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00196991,0.00015320494,0.0001298929,0.0004947258,0.0003701178,0.00054903474,0.00033302722,0.0002626592,0.000255982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055386435,0.000058587753,0.01088368,0.0003545773,0.00005656484,0.00013129011,0.0001375187,0.07629784,0.56073993,0.009406737,0.0008043768,0.34057513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014702544,0.00006987984,0.004038695,0.000010866874,0.000013166711,0.0001615762,0.00002790031,0.77875847,0.21321768,0.0014072647,0.0022432667,0.000036582536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019487768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002281267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019487768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007001871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046652756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050802827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013311936","doi":"10.1039/c4ra00032c","title":"Novel polyethersulfone (PES)/hydrous manganese dioxide (HMO) mixed matrix membranes with improved anti-fouling properties for oily wastewater treatment process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Matrix (chemical analysis); Manganese; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.014680000796415639,"score_gpt":0.24978934897974012,"score_spread":0.2351093481833245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013311936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99171317,0.0011236193,0.005716768,0.000093139715,0.000045728535,0.000021560129,0.00009133395,0.00007299146,0.0011217407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99057007,0.00065163674,0.0062174127,0.00003323548,0.0000092141745,0.000023346201,0.000086254964,0.000010504568,0.0023984108],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994767,0.0000063137113,0.0000047101184,0.000010463037,0.000018848792,0.000011958408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999716,0.0000037019115,0.000006410326,0.00000208436,0.000008391771,0.000007846706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001158262,0.0002949754,0.00013616613,0.00015294747,0.00013486552,0.00018462184,0.00018266977,0.00033457254,0.0005859293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008250353,0.00012534612,0.00021844609,0.00011042454,0.00009340192,0.00028056517,0.00016504641,0.00023085688,0.00019637842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028282402,0.000010733324,0.00004785346,0.000034643068,0.0000035318308,0.000033543995,0.0000057587886,0.00007311856,0.9983417,0.000053486416,0.000023304017,0.0013439651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005513864,0.000094320036,0.0007451608,0.0000022507593,0.000009232856,0.000067020126,0.000009998592,0.00082549494,0.9969748,0.000016766142,0.0012456425,0.0000037710277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039191623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011869752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005859293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018172938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001408311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019601583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014086758","doi":"10.5539/mas.v2n6p188","title":"Application of Nanometer Aluminum Magnesium Hydroxide in PVDF Membrane Modification","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanometre; Microstructure; Materials science; Porosity; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Hydroxide; Adsorption; Magnesium; Composite material; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018955483274718632,"score_gpt":0.23527909453230136,"score_spread":0.21632361125758273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014086758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9409494,0.0052526873,0.04927368,0.00047543063,0.00014951517,0.0001201616,0.00012321581,0.00024009743,0.0034158286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96928763,0.001360528,0.027881894,0.00012185714,0.000027688862,0.000042715423,0.00006928757,0.000021257198,0.0011870213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998171,0.00003109728,0.00001841931,0.000045906887,0.00006447699,0.000022977285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983716,0.000053893913,0.000047368878,0.000019026653,0.000030525774,0.000012058444],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025516693,0.00034924742,0.0002308406,0.0001897404,0.00017423654,0.00029958406,0.00030159554,0.000435363,0.00081499934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039469037,0.00020392374,0.00027163848,0.000113040616,0.00024838944,0.00049552036,0.00028551058,0.00038507007,0.00023617658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011646552,0.0000049281034,0.00005674855,0.000043383585,0.0000028577979,0.000013020315,0.000006021362,0.000056553305,0.9982658,0.00006084766,0.000008312048,0.0014698996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005079625,0.00006922525,0.00036035207,0.0000021370638,0.000007708642,0.00009426951,0.000011292815,0.00038673467,0.997617,0.000050452818,0.0013923198,0.000003364729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003336994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005331277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00081499934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031155272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013695915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027264357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014569321","doi":"10.1080/10643380600678146","title":"Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors: Applications and Research Directions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":426,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental science; Process engineering; Biotechnology; Biology; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027359432042395163,"score_gpt":0.33488216587452624,"score_spread":0.3075227338321311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014569321","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004961852,0.974182,0.009459579,0.0057951147,0.00044393507,0.000030766103,0.00006592876,0.000098478755,0.0049623586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01686607,0.96529984,0.0129479095,0.0011382999,0.00060882175,0.000045311335,0.00012703323,0.000016164948,0.0029506155],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991725,0.0001733572,0.00006797926,0.00017669276,0.0003246513,0.00008476049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985563,0.00046334346,0.0001740178,0.000069974216,0.0005758961,0.0001603838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029840686,0.0012675432,0.0012801992,0.0015984267,0.0005318287,0.0027703003,0.0014286661,0.0033490385,0.0033468239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001113951,0.00057924364,0.0006932671,0.002545833,0.00095776963,0.004103819,0.000776667,0.0020942548,0.002315817],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003132456,0.0005243421,0.0013551434,0.008714044,0.00006897294,0.0005184587,0.00019812095,0.0019764188,0.06884011,0.01578251,0.013883788,0.8878248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000081153376,0.0018320376,0.0031615414,0.0032868232,0.00015150389,0.0030559832,0.00076509494,0.0054934532,0.059433375,0.034007333,0.8885696,0.00016202382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009961692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016867908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033490385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001248987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016497714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015781403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014860371","doi":"10.1002/app.13447","title":"Preparation and performance testing of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) based composite membranes for nanofiltration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Solvent; Oxide; Phenylene; Sulfone; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Materials science; Electrolyte; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Ether; Permeation; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.01472034762718136,"score_gpt":0.24727109513649714,"score_spread":0.23255074750931579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014860371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894336,0.0013449994,0.008137305,0.0000916353,0.000052156778,0.000109310866,0.00018895997,0.000119174205,0.000522833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.973027,0.001687972,0.023289803,0.00006097809,0.000029602883,0.00011666793,0.0004999565,0.000052568706,0.0012354513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958783,0.000082246734,0.00003677467,0.00007097032,0.00016380085,0.000058328118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999681,0.00009427645,0.00004936269,0.000024319643,0.000107609296,0.00004351679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009200041,0.0006120303,0.00046497895,0.0002961671,0.0003887244,0.00038064184,0.0002726608,0.0006492031,0.0004416723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009934868,0.0002824307,0.00048026015,0.00019865547,0.00021763072,0.00051153573,0.00021515918,0.00044948742,0.00028700317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031050797,0.000013126187,0.000045982055,0.000028378992,0.0000037345003,0.000009056632,0.00000847479,0.000038098446,0.9993629,0.000008716657,0.000007577961,0.00044283926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005776569,0.00015377036,0.00051635434,0.0000030176252,0.000011263988,0.000030290388,0.0000060137086,0.00028437813,0.9987117,0.00000629732,0.00026781458,0.0000031998502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069469534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008748898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009200041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040308828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030031728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048654675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014976644","doi":"10.1021/ef901255k","title":"Modeling the Effect of Sonication on the Anaerobic Digestion of Biosolids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sonication; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Biosolids; Pulp and paper industry; Lysis; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Chromatography; Methane; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009429945745359023,"score_gpt":0.2297737523486991,"score_spread":0.22034380660334008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014976644","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96141565,0.00045955885,0.0327791,0.0001831604,0.00002307375,0.000065717584,0.00023987195,0.000083171995,0.0047508557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99359316,0.000281697,0.0038444542,0.00001690256,0.0000047383633,0.00005887472,0.00009318946,0.000014329169,0.0020926837],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999033,0.000027484803,0.0000072635003,0.000017569502,0.00001838608,0.000026001377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995401,0.00034357858,0.000046882706,0.0000106286625,0.000045156114,0.000013734587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037380971,0.00073605706,0.00060388865,0.00024662522,0.00029234757,0.0006728666,0.00052330736,0.0015835696,0.00081393257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012830677,0.0003988675,0.00067266374,0.00022482543,0.00038113692,0.00050407543,0.00030881495,0.00045447444,0.0001472619],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052322328,0.00002795857,0.0006524642,0.000044841578,0.000008860798,0.000042988348,0.000018073166,0.99310994,0.0046062795,0.00031737168,0.000031740637,0.0010871686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000072286784,0.000040438517,0.00030843244,0.0000025006125,0.000008219415,0.000005850212,0.000008250507,0.9977658,0.001652087,0.000114863906,0.00008294786,0.0000034585382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02490967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009594538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02490967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010797426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00084341393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.049529374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015004151","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.003","title":"A mechanistic model for ultrafiltration membrane fouling by latex","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chemistry; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Coagulation; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.016434882696072815,"score_gpt":0.2536006713978868,"score_spread":0.23716578870181396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015004151","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3656776,0.0039761253,0.5240444,0.011181045,0.0009359543,0.00066289015,0.0020417587,0.00070512353,0.09077515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93438673,0.0017819292,0.013923939,0.0005630947,0.00012424357,0.0004729159,0.00031004826,0.00010222726,0.04833496],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997584,0.000041008323,0.000017054557,0.000053881704,0.00007371121,0.00005600738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964297,0.00016095802,0.000039214054,0.000025030973,0.00009706201,0.000034719134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000667805,0.0010181798,0.0012143429,0.0007721886,0.0011136072,0.0015975054,0.0033440257,0.0033534437,0.005155493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010006302,0.00058613205,0.0016528607,0.0004735669,0.00082996674,0.002834618,0.00096756185,0.0015541153,0.0012075388],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013341858,0.00035784277,0.0010371755,0.0005865426,0.00011313568,0.000752021,0.0004117712,0.7675218,0.051628556,0.1674794,0.0023826084,0.0075957007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031669795,0.000053120606,0.00028598963,0.00001839446,0.000026807105,0.000085611595,0.000048802773,0.9759863,0.003191962,0.018616354,0.0016274428,0.000027601982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009729932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004051926,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009729932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002200556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017774242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019346595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015044906","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.09.018","title":"Surface shear stress and membrane fouling when considering natural water matrices","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Shear stress; Biofouling; Surface water; Shear (geology); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.0130419299872867,"score_gpt":0.23033894756574277,"score_spread":0.21729701757845607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015044906","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97881794,0.0010843369,0.015316463,0.00044461302,0.00012566242,0.000021267631,0.00006822284,0.000021412983,0.0041000573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961081,0.00057977345,0.0020165956,0.000030394584,0.000038365823,0.000008820849,0.000022207485,0.000008315719,0.0011872847],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998741,0.00003945023,0.000006143591,0.000018741655,0.00003168247,0.000029765823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968755,0.00019126908,0.000040484963,0.000014625184,0.000048808113,0.000017240487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000481751,0.00045734408,0.00034043015,0.00029255447,0.0003318419,0.0006372401,0.00029198045,0.000874581,0.0007170889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014403269,0.00019664335,0.0005384409,0.00024134367,0.00035810826,0.0010775144,0.0003083966,0.0003566927,0.00007874816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040113865,0.0002498463,0.013602934,0.00036852297,0.00020406296,0.0018004949,0.00014209987,0.7835836,0.16397172,0.015254573,0.00071389676,0.019707019],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020225,0.00030023133,0.009991928,0.000025952775,0.0000884055,0.00028529618,0.00020264648,0.9405057,0.042715162,0.004594229,0.0012276844,0.0000425044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053378427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00654388,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0053378427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004913039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005675109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010613501},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015156342","doi":"10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000509)76:6<778::aid-app3>3.0.co;2-2","title":"pH-responsive permeability of PE-g-PMAA membranes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Permeability (electromagnetism); Swelling; Solvent; Grafting; Chemical engineering; Monomer; Materials science; Wetting; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009190844137649682,"score_gpt":0.24314087790535227,"score_spread":0.2339500337677026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015156342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99164975,0.0017852979,0.005061176,0.00012672436,0.000021472038,0.000035375015,0.00022567762,0.00006636245,0.0010280736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928437,0.0015905225,0.003543521,0.00006175479,0.000010008322,0.000048359278,0.00021470242,0.000030867224,0.0016563631],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979657,0.000038843824,0.000013967716,0.00003936675,0.00006043046,0.000050884635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996362,0.00017353591,0.000078231526,0.000016617818,0.000056568,0.000038841223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036510068,0.00037612696,0.0004000783,0.00023116259,0.00023295054,0.00038248146,0.00026577734,0.0005307928,0.0006940465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007040704,0.00021991982,0.0002795487,0.00018583979,0.0002729076,0.0008889426,0.00032193735,0.000715272,0.00032083248],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039953808,0.000007751716,0.00004073821,0.000025882462,0.00000239933,0.000020594623,0.000018377936,0.000053358148,0.99919933,0.000037651113,0.000009075537,0.0005450252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033974782,0.000044405577,0.0005084351,0.0000038173675,0.000004798291,0.00006635938,0.000014337118,0.0005316926,0.9984628,0.00004817868,0.00030685586,0.0000049958417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032079732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029501307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006940465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037786405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018791313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027416348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015158660","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.02.089","title":"Role of NOM in the performance of adsorption-membrane hybrid systems applied for the removal of pharmaceuticals","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Activated carbon; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Phosphate; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02552221421808873,"score_gpt":0.2654365203538496,"score_spread":0.2399143061357609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015158660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961474,0.0013663997,0.0016087139,0.00004813113,0.000030093104,0.000005419252,0.00007109589,0.000021332797,0.0007014866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982591,0.00029626075,0.00073704,0.000014675029,0.0000056878944,0.000003440889,0.00004650196,0.0000069322314,0.00063037925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980646,0.00007402078,0.000017261393,0.000022464586,0.000041539006,0.000038242968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969316,0.00018277444,0.000021927755,0.000016977128,0.00006108314,0.000024096047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038285812,0.00025175692,0.0002561451,0.0001551962,0.00035072202,0.00056514936,0.00017063605,0.00046097575,0.0007544843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057707686,0.00017127716,0.0002393927,0.00012699507,0.00019776986,0.00040127765,0.00014500543,0.0002699294,0.00024913155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004831944,0.000025684478,0.00057789526,0.000082968494,0.000017069475,0.000046877063,0.000034782694,0.00027277373,0.99548537,0.00008370028,0.000034183045,0.0028554413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005185042,0.00013123649,0.001575384,0.0000039861316,0.0000150355445,0.000055485096,0.000024660887,0.0015334843,0.9960771,0.00003357852,0.0005372497,0.000007384809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009160963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013648928,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009160963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020331256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018691618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025239587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015590024","doi":"10.1021/es062035q","title":"Interrelated Effects of Aeration and Mixed Liquor Fractions on Membrane Fouling for Submerged Membrane Bioreactor Processes in Wastewater Treatment","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Aeration; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Sparging; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Chemistry; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Volatile suspended solids; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Activated sludge; Chromatography; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008809381813277208,"score_gpt":0.24404743791051658,"score_spread":0.23523805609723938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015590024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99858785,0.0007635775,0.00046751826,0.000023501256,0.00000460593,0.0000065490317,0.00002431748,0.000007241772,0.00011472887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985677,0.0003918189,0.00081138575,0.00001763834,0.000004811328,0.0000070585697,0.000043971864,0.000005728729,0.00014990172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995647,0.00013600754,0.00005741379,0.000039176146,0.00014359041,0.000059062335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993917,0.0002471789,0.00017442668,0.000027207849,0.00010011925,0.000059453596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005546018,0.00038666412,0.00039281804,0.0002143616,0.00027051062,0.00054332876,0.00016265186,0.00030949875,0.0003303643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008819489,0.00016642173,0.0003178798,0.00024802878,0.00023683479,0.0003959781,0.00028351415,0.0003309882,0.000081704704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048571432,0.000045029723,0.0025157656,0.00008615397,0.000026754444,0.000044104432,0.00005854166,0.00028655914,0.99220335,0.000015821111,0.00001305047,0.004219192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007849627,0.00067173154,0.016314821,0.000007061427,0.000049498693,0.000058782945,0.00005744183,0.0007368503,0.9817385,0.000020161171,0.00032621628,0.000010989491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016382033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025802634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016382033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037193391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003492817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032572746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015706641","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.027","title":"Influence of naturally occurring dissolved organic matter, colloids, and cations on nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active and endocrine disrupting compounds","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Colloid; Dissolved organic carbon; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Raw water; Ion exchange; Water treatment; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Membrane; Ion; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.007261294960157133,"score_gpt":0.25205464232680713,"score_spread":0.24479334736665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015706641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99910945,0.00021093653,0.00024622955,0.000024444516,0.000018085913,0.000007004045,0.000054308923,0.0000063085636,0.00032325575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983559,0.00026555036,0.0006692229,0.00003555913,0.000010427012,0.0000066209136,0.00007292002,0.0000071815075,0.00057655334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997222,0.00005807706,0.000026355083,0.000054452623,0.00007928554,0.000059679616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945825,0.00029548025,0.00006870099,0.000018051056,0.00009273867,0.00006675959],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004072737,0.0003100209,0.00021664897,0.00017369611,0.00034591343,0.00049527833,0.00020429409,0.00040810305,0.0007563694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010188072,0.00019762942,0.00025036596,0.00012418568,0.00034716324,0.00037970385,0.00022098552,0.00029805533,0.00013684167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009859031,0.00006513004,0.0008608701,0.000054932047,0.000022264978,0.00005145532,0.00005362389,0.00023099656,0.99504304,0.000050529143,0.000043576376,0.0025375139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029220124,0.00045927506,0.0034974145,0.0000062264276,0.00002636291,0.00004382028,0.00005200086,0.00079778733,0.9946509,0.000024981238,0.00040354702,0.000008581709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040940223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0071621924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040940223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006319146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007030553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008140385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015809374","doi":"10.1007/s11356-014-3511-6","title":"Response surface methodology for the modeling and optimization of oil-in-water emulsion separation using gas sparging assisted microfiltration","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Response surface methodology; Sparging; Volumetric flow rate; Emulsion; Permeation; Chromatography; Air sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Central composite design; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Materials science; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Environmental remediation; Contamination","score_opus":0.12517045750924466,"score_gpt":0.3855694717062161,"score_spread":0.2603990141969714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015809374","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25390467,0.0011585768,0.7391763,0.00022077406,0.00006289972,0.0001277105,0.00023983934,0.0009347632,0.0041745375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91311824,0.00069328735,0.08295866,0.000044710814,0.0000139495905,0.00029878205,0.00023180021,0.00008827535,0.0025522793],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997882,0.00008283768,0.0000119347305,0.00002488166,0.00006783141,0.000024365572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972206,0.0001928062,0.000015765187,0.000011594029,0.000051990723,0.0000058121686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054763013,0.0007688064,0.0008777948,0.00031615436,0.00033782126,0.0005994141,0.0008420604,0.0010732751,0.00095089717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006527086,0.00035602244,0.0013773876,0.00042458458,0.00022028139,0.00038003884,0.00032254195,0.0010027708,0.000250546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004719295,0.00009773301,0.0002754827,0.000099384146,0.000049156184,0.000041456944,0.000026959164,0.9723788,0.01635705,0.0010590092,0.00013165743,0.009436038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003149836,0.000024510942,0.00006332572,9.3449773e-7,0.0000043327555,0.0000030348176,0.0000037730215,0.9970892,0.0025654002,0.00010923739,0.00013053635,0.0000025376519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009072413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051584267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009072413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005370501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064828765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018039227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016119316","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810511","title":"Spiral Wound Reverse Osmosis Modules Decomposition into Elementary Units by Analyzing Stimulus Response Experiments: Characterization of the Solute Transfer across the Membrane","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Plug flow; Péclet number; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Mechanics; Spark plug; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Biological system; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010004747323209863,"score_gpt":0.2265855270160734,"score_spread":0.21658077969286355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016119316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75990194,0.00010009566,0.23751046,0.000049151786,0.000017278255,0.000077582416,0.00010716241,0.00031045516,0.0019257739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803374,0.00007989056,0.017863784,0.000008277162,0.0000018963813,0.000067394496,0.00006228787,0.000013105375,0.0015659687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999603,0.0000064226815,0.0000019432005,0.000010470177,0.000012744275,0.000008182178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992573,0.000022353948,0.0000143948,0.000013671343,0.000014272758,0.000009485553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010389493,0.0003068226,0.0002320158,0.00011906377,0.00010415551,0.00024911636,0.0003382557,0.0003235546,0.0010663209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016770614,0.00011960644,0.00037470934,0.00007644061,0.0002295264,0.00029528124,0.00014809793,0.000277819,0.00023645144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016796782,0.00006400304,0.00074870215,0.000071084345,0.0000101320065,0.00011368285,0.00003082657,0.08793626,0.90249133,0.0027152335,0.00007020756,0.0055806986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018216893,0.00025470977,0.0014348559,0.0000058210526,0.000012194361,0.00007808221,0.000013928363,0.78135633,0.21444818,0.0015959773,0.00077247,0.000009228791],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059917796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002737864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010663209,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030254648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022019846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035672188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016261703","doi":"10.1002/app.34802","title":"Investigation on the effects of fabrication parameters on the structure and properties of surface‐modified membranes using response surface methodology","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeation; Contact angle; Porosity; Polyetherimide; Wetting; Fabrication; Response surface methodology; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.10725685780821805,"score_gpt":0.2643764015837729,"score_spread":0.15711954377555487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016261703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933635,0.0005679704,0.005550335,0.000050981842,0.000015128812,0.00003682261,0.00009552225,0.0000572931,0.00026236012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99287593,0.0005358418,0.006078744,0.000025810758,0.0000072225494,0.000054330543,0.00013071058,0.000031524964,0.0002599176],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992205,0.0002488643,0.00008544812,0.00010742256,0.0002462954,0.000091427624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983469,0.0009157558,0.00036548314,0.00014814206,0.00019371163,0.000029937208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010827322,0.000620409,0.00048953714,0.00019982035,0.00017385933,0.0003635764,0.00026991655,0.0005084855,0.0004984385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025141456,0.0003857123,0.0005269995,0.00027879808,0.0002771457,0.00056888297,0.00018904802,0.00051432353,0.0002459365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000552579,0.00001686208,0.0001836004,0.00004947135,0.000008429195,0.000031264277,0.000021868509,0.00033650623,0.9983021,0.000016993165,0.000008307746,0.0009693705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028811864,0.0001366758,0.00091459026,0.000001607272,0.000010209503,0.000024887257,0.000007465786,0.0007921938,0.99798006,0.0000062067556,0.00011986292,0.000003410473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030645804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033997398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010827322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002482985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017496625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005726099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016284770","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.082","title":"Effect of mixed liquor pH on the removal of trace organic contaminants in a membrane bioreactor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Chromatography; Volatile suspended solids; Wastewater; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007376133406315823,"score_gpt":0.23208685836792642,"score_spread":0.2247107249616106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016284770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998137,0.00055460614,0.00060880027,0.0000919867,0.0000333779,0.000010022129,0.0001258684,0.000028529923,0.0004097572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99789965,0.0003915767,0.00084975,0.00004739301,0.000013667617,0.000007416745,0.00011251015,0.000012761837,0.00066522986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959725,0.00009211038,0.00005910184,0.00005344261,0.00011706083,0.000081108796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929726,0.0003109877,0.000106647756,0.0000434517,0.00013521573,0.00010645012],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041894984,0.0004634775,0.00063674717,0.00021996428,0.00024768777,0.0009548749,0.00039430073,0.0006075279,0.000809455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009684067,0.0003778167,0.00035948743,0.00030903437,0.00025613143,0.00061185675,0.00033260902,0.00062905194,0.0002859271],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001949269,0.00013265833,0.00054627686,0.000084438165,0.000030359148,0.00009717271,0.000044370652,0.0002776418,0.99491924,0.000024882893,0.00004467718,0.0018489994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027739039,0.00051550637,0.0013259572,0.0000057377188,0.00003152963,0.00003712676,0.000038113292,0.0008104135,0.9969932,0.000009548508,0.00019719932,0.00000807179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034434176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002144551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034434176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004859158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000521384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006846726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017095442","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2013.832325","title":"Flux Characteristics of Oil Separation from O/W Emulsions using Highly Hydrophilic UF Membrane in Narrow Channel","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Channel (broadcasting); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01653870574179813,"score_gpt":0.27506929974521493,"score_spread":0.2585305940034168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017095442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99799573,0.00018299438,0.0014292749,0.000020037878,0.0000043874293,0.0000061284363,0.00010510017,0.000028730978,0.00022760883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996563,0.00036265719,0.0017970424,0.000023211329,0.000004791043,0.000013982872,0.00022389564,0.000022126449,0.0009893362],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998852,0.000016030277,0.000009155928,0.000024699515,0.000034447738,0.000030386775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970907,0.00013506622,0.000060305887,0.00000902933,0.00006435472,0.000022164993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027391303,0.00027474842,0.00037384764,0.00026549722,0.00024329039,0.00025651266,0.0001428302,0.00037190254,0.0004624063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003891961,0.00008073187,0.00021581295,0.00023919514,0.00020189385,0.0004142158,0.00012936855,0.00028530377,0.00014559952],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021388935,0.000017368737,0.00042934465,0.00002178195,0.0000025426355,0.00003317305,0.00003626109,0.00017790742,0.99769825,0.00002796786,0.000015264735,0.0013263244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054644697,0.00032229125,0.0023278247,0.0000027444423,0.000006243514,0.000030344347,0.00002287872,0.0013544784,0.9956564,0.000016993527,0.00024840952,0.000005873019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017209444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012294861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017209444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030330635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019650052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034219027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017935522","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.031","title":"Relationship between types of surface shear stress profiles and membrane fouling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Shear rate; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Critical resolved shear stress; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Composite material; Geology; Rheology","score_opus":0.18456616723489805,"score_gpt":0.3528370042697107,"score_spread":0.16827083703481266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017935522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988475,0.00010402903,0.0005334089,0.00002008733,0.0000042992156,0.000005539806,0.0001641549,0.000007847263,0.00031320387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993648,0.000061224135,0.00023275577,0.000011426796,0.000006128754,0.0000032065752,0.000116807474,0.000003673462,0.00020003339],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998022,0.00006853017,0.000031588057,0.00003002047,0.000034563138,0.000033173434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949851,0.0029087442,0.0009232464,0.00026413612,0.00050560205,0.00041306712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007602698,0.00021260843,0.00026694348,0.00096498965,0.00020986189,0.0005832493,0.00014373712,0.0004936064,0.0016894073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026832256,0.00037008058,0.00033375286,0.00062332564,0.00031723408,0.0004242241,0.00020175801,0.00044344584,0.00031450903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006854885,0.0003659163,0.636234,0.00007283842,0.00035753718,0.00027523743,0.0002064833,0.0012274417,0.34372783,0.00039524122,0.00016220033,0.010120303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029130531,0.0010802048,0.9234546,0.000008037788,0.000091437556,0.00078715326,0.00020570253,0.0024159262,0.070983894,0.00067487214,0.00024359686,0.000025402675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034345663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036614513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016894073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015792731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012635198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005651593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018087132","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.043","title":"Pore-filled nanofiltration membranes based on poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) gels","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Polyelectrolyte; Materials science; Copolymer; Permeability (electromagnetism); Monomer; Polypropylene; Microporous material; Volume (thermodynamics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012467417888145265,"score_gpt":0.25376574643311545,"score_spread":0.2412983285449702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018087132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93982023,0.0021612244,0.053295717,0.00040759656,0.00020870395,0.00009186122,0.00053957896,0.0009153666,0.0025596514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94559073,0.0016455454,0.04499426,0.00026571716,0.00008389717,0.00011947024,0.00063610513,0.00013415016,0.006530174],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998216,0.000018194665,0.000014104199,0.00003902585,0.00006516592,0.00004193024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983037,0.000043622982,0.000036665075,0.000012599629,0.000049749593,0.000026999727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031193555,0.00036206798,0.00043172474,0.00023892889,0.00030631258,0.0004028428,0.00030395217,0.0006681007,0.0005969956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021940355,0.0002539648,0.00036085743,0.00011607674,0.00020414319,0.00078745844,0.00022665707,0.00052918686,0.0004642296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002246504,0.0000070790784,0.000011573798,0.000023136308,0.0000020829907,0.000011846985,0.00000885479,0.00003116527,0.99923754,0.00007798829,0.000030681626,0.00053567864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007973228,0.000044435154,0.00032800395,0.0000034284747,0.000005742562,0.000034910427,0.0000046018063,0.00061362016,0.99783844,0.000062149746,0.0010512696,0.0000055216624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043993077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009488364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006681007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004056028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025340365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029429197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018600697","doi":"10.2166/wst.2011.521","title":"Analysis of shear stress and energy consumption in a tubular airlift membrane system","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universiteit Gent","keywords":"Shear stress; Mechanics; Fouling; Shear (geology); Two-phase flow; Pressure drop; Materials science; Membrane; Airlift; Membrane fouling; Flow (mathematics); Slug flow; Permeation; Chemistry; Composite material; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.013973574521393249,"score_gpt":0.2191986731795828,"score_spread":0.20522509865818955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018600697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978892,0.000073671006,0.0017966396,0.000019309755,0.0000025903469,0.0000060183042,0.00008033633,0.0000433475,0.00008875882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990013,0.000053644297,0.0006821392,0.0000046829628,0.0000015377507,0.0000091831125,0.00008136365,0.000005662663,0.00016051129],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997745,0.00002583988,0.00001841698,0.00004174601,0.00010901418,0.000030332254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973863,0.00011094404,0.00005050113,0.000014434581,0.000065133565,0.000020314134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033825732,0.0003110055,0.000764959,0.00058767933,0.00036525316,0.00041850636,0.0002907809,0.00046177857,0.00068210583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041937595,0.0001438342,0.0004001897,0.00045521717,0.00023222451,0.00037072343,0.00017151298,0.00031141168,0.00020759668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012032461,0.00016641954,0.012630226,0.00016919398,0.0000587,0.00023304587,0.00013994513,0.022323195,0.94639623,0.00015579419,0.00010429197,0.016419735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039240982,0.0015046353,0.055220746,0.000010568549,0.00006365002,0.00014574455,0.00016056032,0.23993066,0.70230234,0.0001564024,0.00041298603,0.000052493066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019800768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013954791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019800768,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060429313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002415898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0043843985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018915727","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.05.047","title":"Modification of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes with phosphorylcholine copolymer can remarkably improve the antifouling and permeation properties","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Methacrylate; Fouling; Adsorption; Copolymer; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Protein adsorption; Phosphorylcholine; Chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021567510183784496,"score_gpt":0.231116286832844,"score_spread":0.2095487766490595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018915727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957858,0.00050490437,0.0030482723,0.000058318554,0.00002836176,0.000008274186,0.000038994036,0.000059121183,0.00046811858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958834,0.00041562744,0.0019596866,0.0000414891,0.000010725608,0.000010401764,0.000085788626,0.000025874771,0.0015669467],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988854,0.000010313061,0.000010174097,0.000022655187,0.000034379296,0.0000340263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988806,0.000019960165,0.000040181796,0.00001458296,0.000016811364,0.000020438496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015991116,0.0005064684,0.00027446804,0.00014546158,0.00013011802,0.0002561942,0.00019061331,0.0004885964,0.0005200377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020603216,0.00019516956,0.0003464063,0.00012344895,0.00019817174,0.0005410258,0.00016846102,0.00051318447,0.00024938988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025405983,0.0000063245025,0.00003425057,0.000009566732,0.000001998486,0.000016295457,0.0000034849693,0.00002680486,0.9993895,0.000026299896,0.000006120016,0.000453895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023736393,0.000025879597,0.00035426184,6.434318e-7,0.0000040373384,0.00002430623,0.000001362878,0.00015551322,0.99929166,0.0000055400546,0.00013270897,0.0000017599483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004814386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057918706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005200377,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021763572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020606321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017397404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019325144","doi":"10.1139/s02-021","title":"The treatment of high strength wastewater containing high concentrations of ammonium in a staged anaerobic and aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Denitrification; Chemistry; Ammonium; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Anammox; Membrane reactor; Nitrification; Environmental engineering; Nitrogen; Membrane; Environmental science; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Denitrifying bacteria","score_opus":0.00799152740675786,"score_gpt":0.18807809657781918,"score_spread":0.18008656917106133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019325144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97452617,0.0017604094,0.022480471,0.00017204252,0.00007339592,0.00006645829,0.00012039448,0.000107049724,0.0006935853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95922965,0.0017823196,0.034768865,0.00015834095,0.00003585575,0.00006590148,0.00033615425,0.000021200114,0.0036016537],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958545,0.00006881301,0.00003706385,0.00007297335,0.00017905612,0.000056665336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998771,0.000023024311,0.00002293969,0.000010108235,0.000042547603,0.00002431495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045746067,0.0004705063,0.00059772946,0.00021795841,0.00030685595,0.0004520469,0.00053608627,0.000836288,0.00034148968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021312945,0.00022987332,0.00061696366,0.00024014938,0.00018650136,0.00043693272,0.0004475901,0.0005308431,0.00033751767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003442909,0.000024238401,0.00017085044,0.00005361358,0.0000043558343,0.000026035623,0.000007832729,0.0001620612,0.99815613,0.000015812593,0.00001384701,0.0013307774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024127046,0.0004973704,0.004138821,0.00000830751,0.000032145825,0.00022060481,0.00003531542,0.0038331223,0.98955536,0.000046162455,0.0015963765,0.000012116278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001663533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026491687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001663533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055636774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055306876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040367246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019666034","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.047","title":"Zwitterionic polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane with superior antifouling property","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Biofouling; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Fouling; Amine gas treating; Chemical engineering; Cationic polymerization; Polysulfone; Permeation; Coagulation; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019533764144674295,"score_gpt":0.23506258073308894,"score_spread":0.21552881658841466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019666034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933923,0.0014605818,0.0037606822,0.00012999358,0.000058208127,0.000017386945,0.00008722505,0.00005937701,0.0010342028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99024487,0.001007997,0.005207095,0.0001090165,0.00004741396,0.000019579384,0.00031995316,0.00001866353,0.0030254389],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998281,0.000016154496,0.00002166637,0.000029190593,0.000064909684,0.000039927967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987495,0.000013165102,0.000036991343,0.000010024483,0.00003986789,0.000025036927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033452088,0.00038982343,0.0003057005,0.00024009353,0.00020592217,0.00032452156,0.00030900165,0.0007053165,0.0005549499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027254905,0.00015371914,0.00029048108,0.00034776513,0.00015626282,0.00074599055,0.00023587546,0.0002761284,0.00026262263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068614856,0.000012303117,0.00006435733,0.000030914845,0.000003440904,0.000053054533,0.0000056693593,0.00003122555,0.99824345,0.00006294683,0.000030093737,0.0013939317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016243112,0.0002283604,0.0014361878,0.0000023878913,0.000016526115,0.00030094112,0.000008064446,0.00052386004,0.9959741,0.000032967313,0.0014541707,0.000006112057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054132444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074581255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007053165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029874238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036322442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002167523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020980212","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.040","title":"Preparation and characterization of novel hydrophobic/hydrophilic polyetherimide composite membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Polyetherimide; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Permeation; Materials science; Desalination; Wetting; Solvent; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.01619323314336444,"score_gpt":0.26429622273625425,"score_spread":0.24810298959288982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020980212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.971289,0.0012830034,0.024507156,0.00017819421,0.00007668183,0.000098517026,0.0001982166,0.00013235427,0.002236885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9753734,0.0010035742,0.018823022,0.00006318206,0.000037462883,0.000084685016,0.0003016315,0.00005158388,0.0042614317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997843,0.00001474105,0.000012689657,0.000037521415,0.00011793892,0.00003278802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972934,0.000073102485,0.0000467143,0.00002941882,0.00009032179,0.00003110401],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004030264,0.00035444953,0.00032022988,0.00023720879,0.00028807807,0.0003460495,0.00031541617,0.00045012266,0.00083349436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041318435,0.00030910596,0.00025251467,0.00019010258,0.0002647384,0.0005349386,0.00020449523,0.0005983385,0.00027028995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026005422,0.000014122044,0.00005227512,0.000031101183,0.000002349274,0.000021009502,0.000010770691,0.000064754684,0.9984456,0.000039778562,0.000025252839,0.0012670968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050239746,0.00003209243,0.00076929777,8.660585e-7,0.000003479843,0.000035192254,0.0000047377343,0.00046942235,0.998145,0.000009007246,0.0005231868,0.0000028466243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053609547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013483654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083349436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003855781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003452718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027976036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021537293","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21613","title":"Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration: A comparative study","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Micelle; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Microporous material; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ammonium bromide; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Pulmonary surfactant; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.025180717502854073,"score_gpt":0.2133755377338457,"score_spread":0.18819482023099163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021537293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99511,0.0010325182,0.003050605,0.000028832197,0.000014027296,0.000044348188,0.0001127349,0.000053559623,0.00055356266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929749,0.0013514118,0.0039488524,0.00003955774,0.000012538491,0.000021639213,0.0002563453,0.000018718321,0.001376115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997707,0.000047133486,0.0000144432925,0.000051241434,0.000077742516,0.00003881379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998124,0.00004351865,0.000038131868,0.000016548309,0.000065388755,0.000023976689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005017723,0.00049270224,0.0005570782,0.00023936304,0.00021385677,0.0003850411,0.00034881238,0.00045233697,0.0005530695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036048453,0.00008934891,0.0004943763,0.00024045617,0.000182828,0.00050445227,0.00017252435,0.00035135806,0.00020650613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025654474,0.00016575499,0.00021659034,0.00009437096,0.000015959034,0.00004881383,0.00003400661,0.0001908496,0.9953845,0.00003224779,0.000026411204,0.0035340448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022632525,0.002610063,0.0032014193,0.0000064079445,0.000048279908,0.00013608203,0.000020827381,0.0007804826,0.99194324,0.00001581894,0.0012054609,0.000009418485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001785032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014932367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001785032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003901355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000182934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035492778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022091455","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.021","title":"Performance of a novel ZrO2/PES membrane for wastewater filtration","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Phase inversion; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane permeability; Materials science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.016987423980166835,"score_gpt":0.25711130032393853,"score_spread":0.2401238763437717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022091455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968935,0.00052316126,0.0018706606,0.000062256986,0.000027862727,0.000009135692,0.00009441457,0.000079308076,0.0004397497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99647945,0.00033969962,0.0016734407,0.000025446654,0.000010974717,0.0000062442073,0.00012793265,0.000015015231,0.001321922],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998166,0.000016375468,0.000016926908,0.000035222594,0.000072338196,0.000042560656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999176,0.000015544087,0.000011678824,0.000008691995,0.000031203585,0.000015168305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027490355,0.00033777248,0.00047236404,0.00024063987,0.00037383608,0.0004900334,0.00051116286,0.00062158715,0.00090787443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002867633,0.00019047252,0.0003958045,0.00020337889,0.00014398694,0.00055313786,0.0002693171,0.00026058988,0.00033728723],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021233162,0.0000145893655,0.00010825557,0.000035654222,0.000009346655,0.000025305306,0.000007805573,0.0001154591,0.99812216,0.000025734955,0.000030397976,0.0012928372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014150186,0.00016404559,0.0008748172,0.0000015278964,0.000018321589,0.000049666924,0.000014100505,0.001123521,0.9971642,0.000011589007,0.0005592071,0.0000049579157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017655032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016176461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017655032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003667397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003447513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035104156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022426471","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00302-3","title":"Nanofiltration of NaCl solutions using a SPPO membrane (BQ01) Part 2. Membrane behavior with an electric field","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Electric field; Membrane; Electrolyte; Chemistry; Permeation; Permeability (electromagnetism); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Electric potential; Chemical engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry; Electrode; Physics","score_opus":0.03268254803235617,"score_gpt":0.2677361497404959,"score_spread":0.23505360170813974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022426471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969683,0.00022038314,0.0015445115,0.000052092102,0.000020183254,0.000017365499,0.00020305396,0.000038379258,0.00093572255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99450487,0.00026909562,0.0021067602,0.000048182,0.00000850453,0.000021269834,0.00038201053,0.000022888204,0.002636261],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998776,0.000012175633,0.00001056558,0.000020175561,0.000054122775,0.00002533787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989355,0.00003747155,0.000017528377,0.000007019182,0.000030332829,0.000014146869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001806119,0.0002597497,0.00024111781,0.00015243294,0.00018795185,0.0001614317,0.00020226941,0.0003170058,0.0013665792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028408857,0.00012856355,0.0002816251,0.00014734449,0.00015858434,0.00031145028,0.00013626495,0.00033854813,0.00032710622],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006820408,0.00001086278,0.00010379261,0.000020866337,0.000002079025,0.000015145761,0.000017719723,0.00006372427,0.99853337,0.000025836614,0.000039195187,0.0010992239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000097814955,0.00020197967,0.0027781914,0.0000026831701,0.0000044727117,0.00003654668,0.000012116214,0.0010616477,0.99547535,0.000028234597,0.00038384477,0.0000050903445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022840612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015177144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022840612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003102879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022061542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045716763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022862294","doi":"10.1002/ep.10547","title":"Combined MBBR‐MF for industrial wastewater treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Alum; Chemistry; Ferric; Chloride; Effluent; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Coagulation; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Biofilm; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.023212113151560593,"score_gpt":0.21759689687975414,"score_spread":0.19438478372819354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022862294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740292,0.0062355306,0.016224485,0.00023142598,0.00011396505,0.00011538654,0.00021624207,0.00044182807,0.002392029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751637,0.0013401213,0.019359034,0.000072168536,0.000034711782,0.00005810109,0.00027178286,0.000028612285,0.003671661],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997092,0.000043066957,0.000015935126,0.000060071587,0.00013174793,0.00003987482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999368,0.0000095910955,0.000008017703,0.000004710148,0.000024209961,0.000016718554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041684997,0.0004924106,0.0005881722,0.000412769,0.00033102764,0.0005353178,0.00041486725,0.00049183954,0.0014578355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025007443,0.00021254459,0.0004298894,0.00020869517,0.000101284066,0.00037075116,0.00036783703,0.000460148,0.00090136984],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011499841,0.000097859396,0.0003497101,0.00012363639,0.000012767282,0.00002826668,0.000008880352,0.00028940663,0.98822963,0.000029508468,0.000121710655,0.01059373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059578837,0.0012473555,0.0029294132,0.000018909239,0.00007259514,0.00016691268,0.00001788168,0.0029651995,0.98833966,0.000046177996,0.004126323,0.0000099238505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002118766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003446567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002118766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045021003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035889942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048769712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022899987","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0018","title":"Ultrafiltration organic fouling control: Comparison of air‐sparging and coagulation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Sparging; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Chemistry; Flocculation; Air sparging; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Dissolved organic carbon; Turbidity; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.005756510415599613,"score_gpt":0.22442893348477652,"score_spread":0.21867242306917692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022899987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99745005,0.0011664412,0.00097290566,0.000017883105,0.00001811927,0.00002652018,0.00003639819,0.000018446533,0.00029339225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99449337,0.0010026908,0.0034280072,0.000039820774,0.000018839086,0.000019953624,0.00008758729,0.000008043224,0.00090166554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975556,0.000040634477,0.000024006578,0.000047031564,0.000094871284,0.000037992857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976844,0.0000588618,0.000062257306,0.000016099228,0.000056394863,0.00003796553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003301323,0.00038621857,0.00041241717,0.00018988916,0.00012488406,0.00031110275,0.00021395751,0.0002899084,0.00056076364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033160122,0.00008779327,0.00019294383,0.00016402804,0.00016947878,0.00022874777,0.00013654798,0.00021972824,0.000059021382],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017791162,0.00020649163,0.0006304357,0.00020638926,0.000028153638,0.000027083948,0.000041553656,0.00036925735,0.9766505,0.0000325021,0.000031757823,0.019996732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010548683,0.006273489,0.009060186,0.000010554787,0.000070053065,0.000075705124,0.000025683516,0.0012831896,0.98209953,0.000022402479,0.00096407696,0.000009614643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003291751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003291751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003565654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035493998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006545186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023990106","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2013.01.030","title":"Impact of chemical cleaning on the nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs): The role of cleaning temperature","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Cleaning agent; Citric acid; Aqueous solution; Sodium hydroxide; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008535692427936312,"score_gpt":0.2388100276127689,"score_spread":0.2302743351848326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023990106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958716,0.0018357529,0.00072482735,0.000113151335,0.000079338744,0.000014358563,0.0001281774,0.000026434815,0.0012063866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99796236,0.0007791146,0.00048457086,0.000050452334,0.000013752669,0.0000053242084,0.00008541267,0.00001988088,0.000599118],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970055,0.000045339737,0.00002076856,0.00004627258,0.00010919996,0.00007800405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949646,0.00024010603,0.000077685254,0.000036118938,0.00012365788,0.00002592868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004196815,0.00033666013,0.00037201282,0.00015591603,0.0003192599,0.00066548504,0.00025504144,0.0005586772,0.001680824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008052713,0.00023012813,0.00044397643,0.0001415198,0.00039860106,0.00061975006,0.00023037511,0.00044160112,0.00038916638],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009943534,0.00006325327,0.0008976186,0.00011987839,0.00002905282,0.00006590573,0.000044071236,0.0006737275,0.9926779,0.000107440355,0.00010028209,0.004226453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011626578,0.00028985675,0.0033602605,0.000007227001,0.000031386135,0.000032284966,0.000043435597,0.0009736058,0.99475163,0.000035868576,0.00045226238,0.000010465582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019342316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016458019,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019342316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041399137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004970903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056229234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024066337","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.042","title":"Evaluation of single vs. staged mesophilic anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste with and without microwave pretreatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Acidogenesis; Anaerobic digestion; Mesophile; Biogas; Hydraulic retention time; Methane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Organic chemistry; Medicine; Biology","score_opus":0.014257747178517039,"score_gpt":0.2186361614114786,"score_spread":0.20437841423296155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024066337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99914706,0.0002172793,0.0003427557,0.000008627699,0.00001330011,0.000009124118,0.00007525819,0.0000074853942,0.00017901821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979361,0.0002687206,0.0010241272,0.000007856121,0.0000050118892,0.000011188867,0.00010130829,0.000003885625,0.00064180454],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981683,0.000023269087,0.000018672114,0.000038517555,0.00006065386,0.000041967887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998368,0.00004013018,0.00002938393,0.000016244363,0.000046750607,0.000030591335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025050444,0.00031377104,0.0005697436,0.00017276914,0.00022518907,0.00039946017,0.00030603266,0.0004027159,0.001135616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029116846,0.00018371905,0.00043886356,0.00027235085,0.00017827589,0.00027283738,0.00020120684,0.00029669362,0.0002105116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019190817,0.00010190795,0.0007522262,0.00012574355,0.000023855413,0.000027678174,0.000020872685,0.00029279527,0.9928503,0.000021463618,0.000018279576,0.0038458616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003597568,0.0018055117,0.009739332,0.0000056851973,0.00007173618,0.00004290035,0.00004452604,0.0010407441,0.9868367,0.000009654139,0.00035701352,0.000010161457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019852275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044791666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019852275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028954956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040556802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003947377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024123353","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00410-0","title":"Structural and performance study of microporous polyetherimide hollow fiber membranes made by solvent-spinning method","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Materials science; Microporous material; Spinning; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Fiber; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hollow fiber membrane; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Morphology (biology); Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.017111203846969965,"score_gpt":0.28258115648129833,"score_spread":0.2654699526343284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024123353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99795306,0.00037760817,0.0009829919,0.000023694192,0.000007948657,0.0000041980534,0.00008053109,0.000015949208,0.00055393146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819046,0.00018352825,0.00083083654,0.0000066102148,0.00000494832,0.000004243791,0.00014442312,0.000005719889,0.00062913867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999008,0.000006397664,0.000004098607,0.000019319621,0.000049095906,0.000020331074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986804,0.000025822514,0.000030322539,0.0000101464775,0.000052973293,0.000012781475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001458096,0.00016179215,0.00015360238,0.00015125943,0.00022452787,0.000116442025,0.00020977767,0.00027071757,0.00058551505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002146993,0.00012825364,0.00021156236,0.0001418991,0.00017930147,0.00025215067,0.00007838286,0.00022151944,0.00012114768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059375532,0.000008710679,0.00016331817,0.00002498303,0.00000279249,0.000019072615,0.00001441229,0.00018932558,0.99864215,0.00004696548,0.000023143326,0.00080587855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047406347,0.00011349986,0.0036093153,0.0000015432344,0.000006184068,0.000049311282,0.000017315206,0.0017429373,0.9940373,0.000014613175,0.00039849363,0.0000047312897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014858772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014761012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014858772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026478284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016616359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002954483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024368796","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.003","title":"The influence of natural organic matter and cations on the rejection of endocrine disrupting and pharmaceutically active compounds by nanofiltration","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Water Network; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Environmental chemistry; Natural organic matter; Organic matter; Gemfibrozil; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.039066982456005914,"score_gpt":0.33799572112745596,"score_spread":0.29892873867145003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024368796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989489,0.00043725487,0.00026912082,0.000027905477,0.00001500646,0.0000035972457,0.000027559756,0.0000066356843,0.00026417087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983311,0.0003788516,0.00048381975,0.000036932997,0.000012535908,0.000003297637,0.00005562826,0.000007685552,0.0006900832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998375,0.000025046686,0.000014273841,0.000024049014,0.00005704469,0.00004193507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969923,0.00015281464,0.000060616887,0.000012705335,0.00004793878,0.000026664526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033321558,0.00032529002,0.00018767302,0.00012549479,0.0002181131,0.0004382189,0.00018333232,0.00041052303,0.00044497615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056873605,0.00015069984,0.00026350425,0.00009817164,0.00027409563,0.00044015748,0.00012410506,0.00029044648,0.000110465306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005499078,0.000023183686,0.0003346546,0.00003509266,0.000009319857,0.000029768498,0.000021016045,0.00018740688,0.9966376,0.000034774566,0.000028838122,0.0021085176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021892536,0.00028370373,0.0029403043,0.0000025393495,0.000016572732,0.000045205234,0.000017633574,0.0009837798,0.99517244,0.000028834611,0.00047731563,0.000009705114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024332276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002590771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024332276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039870042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032367834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048381686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025029329","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.006","title":"Pulse injection technique for membrane characterization: Ultrafiltration of dextran solutions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Dextran; Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Pulse (music); Chromatography; Materials science; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Biomedical engineering; Nanotechnology; Medicine; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015164887533507199,"score_gpt":0.24970917952609759,"score_spread":0.2345442919925904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025029329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.52245456,0.0029257277,0.4688854,0.00047808132,0.00023689389,0.0002540822,0.00087608333,0.0012009956,0.0026881369],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81177235,0.0041128183,0.17564993,0.0003188654,0.0000611372,0.00027640502,0.0008672936,0.00023863089,0.006702502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983776,0.00001805772,0.000007466776,0.000042777265,0.000060496954,0.000033281747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975604,0.000078651545,0.000025585487,0.000035143094,0.000081118116,0.000023418072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037713442,0.00046181623,0.00043473553,0.0003610267,0.0004210064,0.0004273148,0.00050832145,0.00050231826,0.0015200357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039479948,0.0002231726,0.00023282153,0.00045390535,0.0002672098,0.0006608275,0.00029259018,0.0012395108,0.00057966285],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003623668,0.00001452497,0.000067321555,0.000033216867,0.0000026120433,0.000017209362,0.000021435726,0.000016038626,0.995421,0.00011806719,0.00007241544,0.004180023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002671735,0.000044908214,0.0007104479,0.0000018546056,0.000004622785,0.00006639619,0.000008424295,0.00050203886,0.9977598,0.000035699588,0.0008592683,0.000003902053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009651892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001488646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015200357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005139342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004312067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005085051},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025156709","doi":"10.1080/09593332808618860","title":"COMBINING ULTRAFILTRATION PROCESS WITH COAGULATION PRETREATMENT FOR PULP MILL WASTEWATER TREATMENT","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Paper mill; Coagulation; Wastewater; Pulp (tooth); Effluent; Pulp mill; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Process (computing); Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.010813215599221495,"score_gpt":0.2436005058894642,"score_spread":0.2327872902902427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025156709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806841,0.001601567,0.016557844,0.00009005339,0.000044867946,0.00008218502,0.000052692147,0.00010241688,0.00078423595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97811025,0.0010886468,0.019260425,0.00007063981,0.000022921842,0.0000312686,0.0001085883,0.000030062401,0.0012772499],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973863,0.00004215626,0.000022772849,0.00004770966,0.00009510829,0.0000536673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989486,0.000025365678,0.00002634908,0.000011413618,0.000025507099,0.000016554235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032491997,0.0006033588,0.00078132324,0.00037223278,0.0002729529,0.00046670568,0.0003132056,0.0004412807,0.0003840608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033287995,0.00017662013,0.0005141645,0.00030552628,0.00021619211,0.0004813475,0.00034175054,0.0005755646,0.00019138257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039073053,0.000028654804,0.00018047463,0.00004967442,0.0000062959757,0.000027744678,0.000011939963,0.00012977832,0.9950925,0.000016927952,0.000011558887,0.004405529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001090971,0.00034049616,0.002707842,0.000005884898,0.000032740696,0.00014706551,0.000014916727,0.0008080758,0.9950971,0.00002454652,0.0008026916,0.000007768792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020756016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003759835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020756016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044115365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004098991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004127085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025196995","doi":"10.1081/ss-120024222","title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Air Gap Membrane Distillation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Membrane distillation; Mass transfer; Polarization (electrochemistry); Membrane; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Porosity; Heat transfer; Flux (metallurgy); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.01595849213605093,"score_gpt":0.28706994646965217,"score_spread":0.27111145433360123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025196995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6824868,0.000797048,0.31060645,0.00026210712,0.000066253924,0.0002390095,0.00046931655,0.0003806743,0.0046924204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943193,0.0001136068,0.0050639743,0.000031951193,0.000005655686,0.000045675322,0.000086051805,0.000014229543,0.0003195743],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9952088,0.0023021149,0.0001420331,0.00043089842,0.0016002117,0.0003159842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98521185,0.01282607,0.0005807338,0.00060539856,0.0007147888,0.00006117365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0044457326,0.0010530294,0.0006993675,0.001525283,0.00033301927,0.0011651835,0.00050728035,0.0009506706,0.0011957991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013337202,0.00041859015,0.0012906779,0.0006643596,0.00062318816,0.0010534613,0.00083311484,0.00074104074,0.00011193409],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000597592,0.0001498429,0.0045300475,0.0003303504,0.0003561599,0.0003504807,0.00012872295,0.90384567,0.06766504,0.003486799,0.00024794802,0.018311307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019348345,0.0006262512,0.0037348284,0.000017330085,0.00008700384,0.00020379046,0.000076819735,0.9341401,0.05765062,0.0027195641,0.00066005514,0.00006435065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024145183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00078521005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044457326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010594644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043560733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023511529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025491821","doi":"10.1139/t07-087","title":"A novel filtration system for polyethylene glycol solutions used in the osmotic method of controlling suction","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Semipermeable membrane; Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Suction; Osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.043089511866553895,"score_gpt":0.2633393270539703,"score_spread":0.22024981518741638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025491821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61897707,0.0051214695,0.36565688,0.0007627242,0.0006517695,0.00066480064,0.0006022317,0.003492907,0.004070136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7997797,0.0028571326,0.18497075,0.00062072114,0.00019879657,0.0005719895,0.0008066745,0.00013650442,0.01005773],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972934,0.000025281353,0.000024006453,0.00007768357,0.00011428561,0.00002949928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998349,0.000030059844,0.000035602945,0.0000175962,0.000050037692,0.000031694763],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002929966,0.000418978,0.00043127165,0.00042949273,0.0006040012,0.0004798641,0.00057382364,0.00073831563,0.0009426631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002926186,0.00022038624,0.00032298258,0.00030237608,0.00026624626,0.0007244197,0.00037289853,0.00052193995,0.0007612293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039931263,0.000024682719,0.00012483168,0.00009357096,0.000004068501,0.00007285257,0.00003582448,0.00004579631,0.98998475,0.0002953325,0.00017713386,0.0091013415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002389372,0.00037355913,0.0019270628,0.000015994357,0.000028519034,0.001017479,0.000012692423,0.0017165989,0.9762245,0.00012955301,0.018500047,0.000030265444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030421888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009426631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032312644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004396868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031535625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026796098","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2013.809762","title":"Nanofiltration for the Recovery of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides and Polyphenols from Winery Effluents","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyphenol; Polysaccharide; Chromatography; Permeation; Fractionation; Cellulose; Microfiltration; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.007194898694868292,"score_gpt":0.24485399266817628,"score_spread":0.237659093973308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026796098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806851,0.0035744468,0.014450606,0.00009961209,0.00002090816,0.00005347331,0.00021833146,0.00008759872,0.0008098112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97058153,0.0032346155,0.023895798,0.00007598545,0.000013981216,0.000055317672,0.0005041258,0.00002990335,0.0016087794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997725,0.00003924907,0.00001886257,0.00004467354,0.000095981704,0.000028860519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999889,0.000034151057,0.000021384702,0.0000070029823,0.00003315765,0.000015322623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048502727,0.00042069552,0.00034884247,0.00035344737,0.00028685326,0.00029320674,0.00021962624,0.00049266603,0.00036307436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004887401,0.00014074506,0.0005359187,0.00024535193,0.00014591892,0.00036882688,0.00018442197,0.00042112844,0.0001697199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032682776,0.000012646921,0.000116348965,0.00007095738,0.000007080715,0.000018430088,0.000009923664,0.000066034314,0.9974832,0.000022487215,0.000014494555,0.0021456312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010640621,0.00032100547,0.0045493757,0.000015257707,0.000028441882,0.0002717218,0.000027007187,0.00092218205,0.99183935,0.000034204488,0.001970372,0.000010405497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013985138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019367167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013985138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041720082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033003028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003027022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027059191","doi":"10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2003.08.013","title":"Effect of enzyme treatments on the fouling behavior of apple juice during microfiltration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Food Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Microfiltration; Pectin; Fouling; Food science; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Esterase; Membrane; Enzyme; Biochemistry; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.0075695178775680464,"score_gpt":0.21482276813280132,"score_spread":0.20725325025523328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027059191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99851435,0.00065141794,0.00036227217,0.000034642453,0.000023627841,0.000007269504,0.000082994266,0.000014386689,0.00030898518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99848,0.0002677882,0.00053726067,0.000029398201,0.0000066515668,0.000005023974,0.00012731328,0.00000810001,0.00053848873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997652,0.00003520453,0.00002510279,0.000041560746,0.000045757955,0.00008708171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959105,0.00018747798,0.00006477893,0.000031813055,0.000065883934,0.00005898233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031694837,0.00047436298,0.00042845306,0.00013556136,0.0002652088,0.0005062927,0.00025094693,0.00057332445,0.001099641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006926909,0.00023269503,0.00034738105,0.00017743932,0.00025195698,0.00047925266,0.00015142465,0.00052762905,0.00018634033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018419445,0.00011027515,0.00086928497,0.000074014126,0.00002640112,0.00010265911,0.000069624984,0.00016514743,0.99350923,0.000024191337,0.000053074335,0.0031540727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000147094015,0.00037142794,0.004568134,0.0000052187243,0.000021283611,0.00005611931,0.000030994775,0.00037822363,0.99424696,0.000008161306,0.00029063865,0.0000080027485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015367271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001997381,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015367271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029826796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002546364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036786795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027079620","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.014","title":"Distribution of surface shear stress for a densely packed submerged hollow fiber membrane system","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Fiber; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.012344177082858463,"score_gpt":0.23460916673911505,"score_spread":0.2222649896562566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027079620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99848586,0.000051147086,0.0012359832,0.000012988184,0.0000036093068,0.0000023756327,0.000037346035,0.000018575904,0.00015206556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905246,0.000035724028,0.0006961521,0.0000044379185,0.0000020003017,0.0000027993499,0.00003932961,0.0000026310854,0.00016437049],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990153,0.000007646221,0.000005641444,0.00002302345,0.000038538896,0.000023689116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998318,0.0000385124,0.000036411482,0.000012172185,0.000051256833,0.000029929628],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001734644,0.00012714702,0.00021214047,0.00017292505,0.0002684926,0.00029524663,0.00014757579,0.00022966936,0.00060127117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018612102,0.00009840108,0.00012819532,0.00015354526,0.00023146826,0.00026775786,0.00016359288,0.00021876123,0.00011580047],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009608574,0.000010901765,0.00050506793,0.0000075589546,0.0000021874716,0.000014254819,0.000015991536,0.0006149426,0.9976295,0.000047611687,0.000018357394,0.0010375024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000068923764,0.0002469424,0.0056944382,0.0000014164636,0.0000053154104,0.000019322884,0.000048386588,0.013125742,0.98062,0.000041315547,0.00018205891,0.000008138137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010940004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009942102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010940004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040229168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026332267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029187799},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028094411","doi":"10.2166/wst.2013.823","title":"Comparative study on membrane fouling between membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor and conventional membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Moving bed biofilm reactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane reactor; Biofouling; Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Exopolymer; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Biofilm; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.040916413498892364,"score_gpt":0.2920983314651863,"score_spread":0.25118191796629397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028094411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970952,0.0012275684,0.0014761884,0.000024091392,0.00001663693,0.0000069053153,0.000017203178,0.000009505635,0.00012668237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994849,0.0010103502,0.0036358715,0.000029881949,0.000013346533,0.00000880943,0.000080359656,0.0000059427202,0.0003663759],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995209,0.000116390125,0.000033900185,0.00007239955,0.00020800176,0.00004834961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997607,0.00006614123,0.00003868775,0.00001495471,0.00009111356,0.000028468074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006428068,0.0002750249,0.00048047947,0.00027402403,0.00024816312,0.00029454546,0.00035290865,0.0004662686,0.00021186635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007031725,0.000121759855,0.00048936123,0.00021166162,0.00013855909,0.00047047244,0.00021636204,0.00021976829,0.000104931496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002464927,0.000076307246,0.0011443686,0.0001660744,0.000028879747,0.000057509602,0.000047003996,0.00029363917,0.99217427,0.00003348813,0.000020369382,0.005711637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031387997,0.0032137157,0.01762564,0.000013632967,0.0001264911,0.00036799657,0.00011578565,0.004199894,0.9730383,0.00003728395,0.0012045011,0.00002539094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014024263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016282194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014024263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030191458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023897082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003399551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028516307","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.012","title":"Antifouling properties of novel PSf and TNT composite membrane and study of effect of the flow direction on membrane washing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Fouling; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Contact angle; Porosity; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.030389098385430705,"score_gpt":0.252608662918151,"score_spread":0.2222195645327203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028516307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983859,0.000345383,0.0009065459,0.000022999317,0.000018248189,0.000004532615,0.000039169372,0.000011898185,0.0002653505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99734575,0.00040371006,0.0013223472,0.000019273764,0.000008584813,0.000007299112,0.00005553404,0.000005511961,0.00083207386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985325,0.000013772027,0.0000120687955,0.000030601204,0.000054439613,0.000035787558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998436,0.000038165508,0.00003697082,0.000008771213,0.000057838468,0.000014715631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023599782,0.00026534082,0.00020015158,0.00013672884,0.00019785926,0.00019285554,0.00019132164,0.0003376411,0.00067026744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002555509,0.00013112204,0.00028489606,0.00016042248,0.00015087351,0.00035103795,0.000083421066,0.00028127144,0.00011168418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005335648,0.000011426432,0.000087488304,0.000024696987,0.0000024375352,0.000022812721,0.000013808551,0.000051623472,0.9991204,0.000016998694,0.00000870275,0.0005862721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001763533,0.000053331212,0.0010375258,8.9289375e-7,0.000004949862,0.000028412105,0.000011035145,0.0004210243,0.998293,0.000004590312,0.00014053435,0.0000029281632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013701186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019115465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013701186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019346019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018589738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00272429},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028808995","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.041","title":"Membrane fouling in a pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor operated under various conditions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane reactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Activated sludge; Wastewater; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.030497168529593426,"score_gpt":0.2617004037979382,"score_spread":0.23120323526834477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028808995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99924505,0.00014323625,0.00034200662,0.000033557637,0.000019199098,0.0000045840234,0.00007163469,0.0000126545765,0.00012816004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982943,0.00022214546,0.00087076414,0.000023819195,0.000014084535,0.000008482077,0.000103070655,0.00000565578,0.00045773305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997712,0.000040119627,0.000022705799,0.000053599895,0.00006544713,0.000046908757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978715,0.00008740629,0.000030930278,0.000018147042,0.000047119793,0.000029259185],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037477634,0.0003915398,0.00046316395,0.00020244477,0.00041497409,0.00035979785,0.00031576637,0.00055251713,0.0003812056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000494406,0.00016794185,0.00035467904,0.00023869664,0.00024739155,0.00046107508,0.00016145725,0.00042228823,0.0001469889],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005921995,0.000058201666,0.00042498304,0.000032303713,0.0000094341385,0.00009619637,0.00003195079,0.00018714284,0.99706596,0.000016045225,0.000035726916,0.0014498819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028614979,0.0007600785,0.004617931,0.000005412902,0.000031807747,0.000107970576,0.00006401652,0.0018469759,0.99224925,0.000031068732,0.00024749787,0.000009429822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004001937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031755464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004001937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038930998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041249185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00795728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029646696","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.08.009","title":"Thin film composite nanofiltration membranes fabricated from polymeric amine polyethylenimine imbedded with monomeric amine piperazine for enhanced salt separations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reactive and Functional Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Polyethylenimine; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Thin-film composite membrane; Amine gas treating; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Monomer; Diamine; Piperazine; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010191904754938287,"score_gpt":0.21893871027686987,"score_spread":0.2087468055219316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029646696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94004434,0.0023294825,0.054049473,0.00024934893,0.00013722494,0.00009994796,0.00029784077,0.0006236385,0.0021686768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93746746,0.0018650246,0.05417628,0.00017534148,0.000056879246,0.00009325167,0.00038616997,0.00010134466,0.0056782723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998536,0.000015075602,0.000010095994,0.000035953413,0.00005865935,0.000026577622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999877,0.000035342564,0.000025786694,0.0000080219515,0.00003631987,0.000017562908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003757843,0.000551102,0.00039958526,0.0002796292,0.00036626172,0.00030028578,0.00042217772,0.0005979762,0.0008206555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023862906,0.00039687622,0.0002903587,0.00016858427,0.00021069896,0.0005937291,0.00017437832,0.0006746996,0.0004417167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001298992,0.000003887889,0.000009337026,0.00001393288,0.0000016958433,0.000008216364,0.0000048058077,0.000015941938,0.9994473,0.000029668254,0.000015524925,0.00043679497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027851213,0.000021152238,0.0001815084,8.93577e-7,0.0000032046216,0.000020292926,0.0000019380411,0.0002357466,0.9992532,0.0000076287984,0.00027039516,0.0000012928471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064417627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017306133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008206555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051082124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002611943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003706336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029694294","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.017","title":"Effects of ethanol concentration on flux and gel formation in dead end ultrafiltration of PEG and dextran*1","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Dextran; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Polyethylene glycol; Chemistry; Membrane; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Osmotic pressure; PEG ratio; Size-exclusion chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Solvent; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008065452257486222,"score_gpt":0.23785909525350882,"score_spread":0.2297936429960226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029694294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971155,0.0006498243,0.0012891176,0.00005307936,0.000027468279,0.000016531048,0.00020076732,0.000037936457,0.00060972315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959037,0.00042348122,0.0019004658,0.000059873113,0.0000132719515,0.000011952499,0.00028411858,0.000048274895,0.001354789],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964464,0.00011907104,0.00004235369,0.000060511346,0.00005656826,0.000076876284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989135,0.0006240054,0.00016302777,0.00005648189,0.00017237764,0.000070522285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000646037,0.00046932284,0.00037555888,0.00016681208,0.0002096319,0.00048585486,0.00030770374,0.00041066864,0.00076997315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010204896,0.00024158125,0.00027343215,0.00019566389,0.00035593304,0.00059939444,0.00017908978,0.00054478366,0.00017911932],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018345406,0.0000994588,0.0002984824,0.000056372373,0.000010840859,0.000057800084,0.00007867088,0.00021670248,0.9954631,0.000046416215,0.000047739333,0.0017899426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000710147,0.00014874763,0.0006330042,0.0000017865602,0.0000069198577,0.000008575669,0.000007088046,0.0004032749,0.99867404,0.000004596279,0.00010187322,0.000003059607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026541739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021119134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026541739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069729076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022099414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052775145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029934102","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.027","title":"Effect of biofiltration as pretreatment on the fouling of nanofiltration membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00939072013886009,"score_gpt":0.2629060917256483,"score_spread":0.2535153715867882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029934102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998638,0.00042970746,0.00027026035,0.00005428174,0.000028802433,0.0000052948535,0.000065265805,0.000017729777,0.0004906531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99868053,0.0002490837,0.00038737833,0.00003057397,0.000008050096,0.000003505502,0.000076921104,0.000008458583,0.00055541325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979895,0.00003908918,0.000017759196,0.000027541388,0.00004216258,0.00007450784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996809,0.00015219182,0.00004508493,0.00003053783,0.000054286837,0.000036992595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022441059,0.00038315004,0.00038043124,0.00015125496,0.00032688706,0.0004843599,0.000234346,0.00047248835,0.0010013245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005440719,0.00018970584,0.00034723227,0.0002076319,0.00030822697,0.00036413124,0.00017363849,0.0004234851,0.00016212586],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011256172,0.00009005465,0.0003941533,0.000061189436,0.000020344054,0.000054112435,0.0000525846,0.00027378334,0.99445575,0.000055471435,0.000084581094,0.0033323276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001602915,0.00020452782,0.0028280746,0.0000039491724,0.000014187813,0.00003351308,0.000024133891,0.0004951863,0.99597293,0.000019627545,0.00038109638,0.0000067522733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037789373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003942949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037789373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046571688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054324075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075138807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030252418","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.877","title":"An assessment of oxygen transfer efficiency in a gas permeable hollow fibre membrane biological reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Sustainable Development Technology Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Bubble; Mass transfer; Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Oxygen; Nitrogen; Chemical oxygen demand; Venturi effect; Environmental engineering; Inlet; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013508492892182622,"score_gpt":0.2792606293491202,"score_spread":0.26575213645693757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030252418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928422,0.00052703626,0.0060804505,0.0000429346,0.000013309605,0.000027486165,0.000100615514,0.000061785686,0.00030434667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98747677,0.0009490327,0.010076253,0.00003852529,0.0000087195995,0.000056780143,0.00023389545,0.000025085676,0.0011349582],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926597,0.00011204637,0.000040837593,0.0001552447,0.00035598993,0.000069956724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995819,0.00012481515,0.000084821746,0.00003143578,0.00014417441,0.000032857377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007329537,0.0004669529,0.00060122105,0.00023535182,0.0001837879,0.00045760567,0.00047800393,0.00093822286,0.00022539249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009149697,0.000146419,0.00037706073,0.00023104448,0.00029128895,0.0005585633,0.00037275653,0.0004229838,0.00018664867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003669106,0.000012254773,0.00014732855,0.000022573233,0.0000033710942,0.000009499177,0.0000124803855,0.00008745375,0.99875915,0.000007780987,0.000004076302,0.00089742005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033372116,0.0003567329,0.0016256139,0.0000025324134,0.00001106841,0.000027331085,0.000016330054,0.0011415316,0.99652666,0.000009215497,0.00027489953,0.000004789909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013387429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010224306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013387429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042855678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025937628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038763285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031335186","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.09.008","title":"Computational fluid dynamics modeling and experimental study of continuous and pulsatile flow in flat sheet microfiltration membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Microfiltration; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Materials science; Shear flow; Membrane; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010872310191372947,"score_gpt":0.2494325892840206,"score_spread":0.23856027909264765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031335186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99689865,0.00003736965,0.002339163,0.000046110337,0.000006970323,0.000008698582,0.000041025545,0.00002824163,0.00059367623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873334,0.000028633756,0.0009387161,0.000005579141,0.0000017561558,0.000009552321,0.000034305856,0.0000028249913,0.0002452018],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989593,0.00001630816,0.000007592603,0.00001809023,0.000039988943,0.000022110396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961555,0.00023441472,0.000032349057,0.000032186883,0.00006332249,0.000022243257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021854964,0.00022902995,0.00042526206,0.00023072661,0.00049719145,0.0006322992,0.00046325184,0.0006008046,0.00069886143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005811703,0.00019526633,0.00039837576,0.0002587124,0.00052796863,0.00042467788,0.00025200692,0.0005385474,0.00006727464],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008841493,0.00082291773,0.00972696,0.00010879843,0.000035216537,0.00030217005,0.00032231517,0.6505382,0.32024175,0.0025783638,0.000321553,0.014117601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020717078,0.00014072277,0.0036968375,0.000002276918,0.0000057894367,0.00001647663,0.000048564638,0.9468112,0.048959043,0.00016372147,0.00012251943,0.00001220714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034764926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014920613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034764926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051528093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053701655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069125295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031525405","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.02.036","title":"Permeation of mixed-salt solutions with commercial and pore-filled nanofiltration membranes: membrane charge inversion phenomena","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Permeation; Ion; Chemistry; Counterion; Salt (chemistry); Chemical engineering; Steric effects; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015492567717306862,"score_gpt":0.23158668793317372,"score_spread":0.21609412021586685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031525405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99668926,0.0006403422,0.0019415813,0.00007087685,0.000027276796,0.0000138180285,0.000104609026,0.000026598138,0.0004855474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968695,0.00037305584,0.0016124776,0.00003747762,0.0000098546825,0.000008695972,0.00015370088,0.0000258433,0.0009094096],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977845,0.000040787527,0.000022490301,0.000055898046,0.000050567047,0.000051791987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957937,0.000193562,0.00005439419,0.000029590254,0.000111180765,0.000032024607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059039384,0.00032907553,0.0004032443,0.00016135215,0.00027853268,0.000607638,0.00043325138,0.00065221486,0.0008665659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00077682064,0.00018689907,0.000372914,0.00022120094,0.00038090517,0.0014324521,0.00023300386,0.00056594633,0.00022254598],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057532586,0.000028596227,0.00018706662,0.000059918,0.000010031769,0.00003432755,0.000056596287,0.0000712252,0.99704486,0.00015102985,0.000031407046,0.0017498169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009075861,0.00009186652,0.00030761206,0.0000023425378,0.000008744802,0.000029996067,0.000014027107,0.0006435551,0.99871886,0.000024581108,0.0001453253,0.000004109306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020338607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014558835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020338607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069968414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048840663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005076587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031733605","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.747","title":"Filtration charaterization methods in MBR systems: A practical comparison","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto; European Commission","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Mathematics","score_opus":0.049294011134679946,"score_gpt":0.37626216813437896,"score_spread":0.326968156999699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031733605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88146675,0.02374143,0.08007296,0.000730161,0.00024062784,0.0005226333,0.0004888435,0.0007344403,0.01200217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9030997,0.015277314,0.0691877,0.00019288312,0.000119080294,0.00026884902,0.0006189253,0.00017078982,0.011064754],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99780434,0.0006031036,0.0001412207,0.00018206342,0.0011347993,0.0001345756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974649,0.0012046107,0.00021778529,0.00027331692,0.00074265985,0.00009662016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00260961,0.000686808,0.0010695481,0.0014004243,0.00078152545,0.0012823152,0.0009928301,0.0010625093,0.0032184923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043843715,0.0003648597,0.0007105613,0.0011210963,0.00041355807,0.0014373453,0.0008200157,0.00084028905,0.0010528237],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0032323548,0.000901672,0.004178851,0.0029299217,0.00025372143,0.00013921388,0.0005805327,0.0026140807,0.69472694,0.0016058636,0.0010565704,0.28778023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011378676,0.003991418,0.017775191,0.000097684984,0.00025535768,0.000678151,0.00032435148,0.008743908,0.9430503,0.00042204076,0.024461968,0.000085786785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002414888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040906565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032184923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00095313933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00068351184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013801098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031757657","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.09.039","title":"Fouling in air sparged submerged hollow fiber membranes at sub- and super-critical flux conditions","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.014947679674284953,"score_gpt":0.2821174596474002,"score_spread":0.26716977997311525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031757657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995467,0.000086283966,0.00019363874,0.000011445008,0.0000037842294,0.0000013414896,0.000036143978,0.0000059044405,0.00011475627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999161,0.000089337365,0.0002842514,0.000009586562,0.0000035754615,0.0000024606734,0.00006796408,0.000004454064,0.0003772844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986136,0.000017945285,0.0000090633275,0.000022561408,0.000045373206,0.00004369303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975723,0.00009555273,0.000035986515,0.000014037647,0.00007094127,0.000026264173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023876446,0.00017867512,0.00022556105,0.00016968673,0.00034448763,0.00029267414,0.0002184838,0.00042238887,0.0006123165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042922483,0.00012645649,0.00018500122,0.000119033335,0.00025169263,0.0003778756,0.00013540467,0.00028852114,0.00016860515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042252272,0.000015512644,0.00040451,0.000026723706,0.000004650075,0.0000673523,0.00005395337,0.00026916884,0.9978416,0.000051246163,0.00003507332,0.0008077133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000068218415,0.00016967714,0.0020554396,0.0000029585894,0.000004905544,0.000042846226,0.00004842993,0.0014803449,0.99600726,0.0000378914,0.0001390054,0.0000045892452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003537397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028739665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003537397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005158925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025867048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070335865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031895435","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2009.03.042","title":"Impact of magnesium on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Magnesium; Divalent; Membrane permeability; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013971716820411166,"score_gpt":0.29589863023613483,"score_spread":0.2819269134157237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031895435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977908,0.00089118804,0.00031277203,0.00020328157,0.00004610937,0.000009498443,0.00006223183,0.000013056947,0.0006710244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99913967,0.0001909203,0.00018342058,0.00004203833,0.000011491467,0.000003131285,0.00003068664,0.000007776406,0.00039091823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989654,0.00026292985,0.00012353716,0.00011506992,0.00030925596,0.00022389516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886775,0.000477648,0.00021769656,0.000062377236,0.00026932513,0.000105255625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006099842,0.0003292161,0.0006173904,0.00037255674,0.00079429813,0.0014728479,0.0007370014,0.0012310505,0.0009737757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018044387,0.00028976554,0.0004886092,0.00031513872,0.0006087906,0.0006177933,0.0006053725,0.00040115448,0.00024733072],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0076246858,0.00016035461,0.0028224755,0.00024424217,0.00008505379,0.00036079445,0.00018570902,0.0008830993,0.9811804,0.00021811991,0.0001847107,0.006050384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008152151,0.00075906527,0.003251315,0.00001534042,0.00007062544,0.0000952082,0.0001310748,0.0017369096,0.99273926,0.000090195485,0.0010144443,0.000015006525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008804132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0060179685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008804132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016142796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090328965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017505765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032184343","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.10.005","title":"A study of thermodynamics and kinetics pertinent to formation of PVDF membranes by phase inversion","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phase inversion; Polymer; Membrane; Kinetics; Solubility; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Precipitation; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Evaporation; Phase (matter); Hildebrand solubility parameter; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019139886420480676,"score_gpt":0.27601386388024013,"score_spread":0.25687397745975943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032184343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813145,0.0007545249,0.015957588,0.000114598224,0.00001946735,0.000051092793,0.00007519522,0.000036232013,0.0016768156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99365824,0.0007977683,0.004139776,0.000021784057,0.000012762977,0.00002854109,0.00011174395,0.000020336678,0.0012091105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998846,0.000018634331,0.0000042047272,0.000020058807,0.000046610912,0.000025907228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997633,0.00016791107,0.00001776361,0.000012965507,0.000028431981,0.000009591233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036950083,0.00023932492,0.00033654252,0.00016084476,0.00033691604,0.00030401387,0.00037849174,0.00029575656,0.0010040882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010494046,0.0001870071,0.00033143407,0.0002138598,0.0003739307,0.0008110834,0.00016641332,0.00090960873,0.00014459479],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024869203,0.00012799285,0.0008253121,0.0001384664,0.000014212317,0.00007782966,0.0001009618,0.003122909,0.9808483,0.0048069744,0.000096233,0.009592029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012181236,0.00017280705,0.0011706363,0.000003474421,0.000007690894,0.00008856086,0.000031521777,0.016683642,0.9799039,0.0008267228,0.0010888727,0.000009975457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017846293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010250873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017846293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052589254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044958753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003815651},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032657361","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.07.022","title":"Reversible and irreversible low-pressure membrane foulants in drinking water treatment: Identification by principal component analysis of fluorescence EEM and mitigation by biofiltration pretreatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Biofilter; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Particulates; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.041591840555290825,"score_gpt":0.289397268523348,"score_spread":0.24780542796805718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032657361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99068403,0.0005294106,0.008130295,0.00006629725,0.00001355208,0.000023221291,0.000087910455,0.00003318198,0.00043200987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935487,0.00045937928,0.0044612046,0.000019487075,0.000007161856,0.000023998013,0.000092636816,0.000009821563,0.001377682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974865,0.000044552493,0.000014436516,0.000039962582,0.00010557394,0.000046854806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990106,0.000026300137,0.00002082511,0.000010330838,0.000031661577,0.000009776137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031303006,0.0002995258,0.00025596737,0.00036365143,0.00021566916,0.00045815893,0.00020260217,0.00035774772,0.00038995015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048533853,0.00015190725,0.00035760264,0.00019951633,0.0002887691,0.00028417556,0.00019884536,0.0005379856,0.000107180495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019323916,0.00008535968,0.0015542752,0.0000572804,0.000017829083,0.000018702885,0.00003290984,0.00064678263,0.9746561,0.00019990804,0.00005846349,0.022479106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000069886473,0.00017472685,0.01471926,0.000003777852,0.000028690503,0.0000254878,0.00003836095,0.0040281895,0.98048055,0.00007960491,0.0004054664,0.00000901124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032354125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042050243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032354125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041703024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047220607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064331293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034236214","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.111","title":"Effects of powdered activated carbon dosing on sludge characteristics and estrogen removal in membrane bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Dosing; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Activated sludge; Membrane; Fouling; Activated carbon; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Environmental science; Adsorption","score_opus":0.005463239375898491,"score_gpt":0.217664873430579,"score_spread":0.2122016340546805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034236214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988109,0.00038714783,0.00048475675,0.000028881665,0.000011261927,0.000014309738,0.000071147784,0.00002494744,0.00016656826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99755174,0.00030241694,0.0016207696,0.000031436924,0.000008104156,0.000019674637,0.00008708661,0.000010053453,0.00036878148],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995208,0.000102834965,0.000059112874,0.000085164764,0.00018431764,0.000047811936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994561,0.00016360082,0.00017418257,0.000045396875,0.00010747495,0.000053262847],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023073168,0.00049842114,0.00068419875,0.00026049797,0.00022161365,0.00054149184,0.00031871797,0.00050714856,0.0005420602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00087041216,0.0002483307,0.0003099485,0.00031782134,0.00024264799,0.0003724354,0.00023177103,0.00032778239,0.00016682145],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049993023,0.000069299145,0.0004494985,0.00007072461,0.000016556323,0.000043376054,0.000012124098,0.00039214388,0.9961488,0.000009598847,0.000010705286,0.002277272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018720255,0.0008585873,0.0030213036,0.0000039572824,0.00002217508,0.00005432447,0.000018557312,0.00093020726,0.9948131,0.000012764657,0.0002393306,0.0000070618144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016123687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013364085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016123687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048500465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031717538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003518939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034340087","doi":"10.1139/l09-062","title":"Optimization of phosphorus removal in secondary effluent using immersed ultrafiltration membranes with in-line coagulant pretreatment — implications for advanced water treatment and reuse applicationsA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Flocculation; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ferric; Phosphorus; Wastewater; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Chloride; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Sedimentation; Ferrous; Suspended solids; Settling; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006813935764591216,"score_gpt":0.20041690022817887,"score_spread":0.19360296446358766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034340087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953974,0.0002452078,0.003746874,0.000058554062,0.000011764475,0.000051036703,0.00006800155,0.000039524555,0.0003817072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98808926,0.0004635333,0.009939,0.000034440516,0.000008820012,0.00003638368,0.00018313377,0.000019896346,0.0012256441],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997135,0.000044824104,0.000024199153,0.000048776157,0.00011376803,0.0000549165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985826,0.00002504482,0.000039177154,0.0000099937515,0.000040774292,0.000026744132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035902555,0.00076146325,0.00068612467,0.0001936741,0.00037303046,0.0008493861,0.0005181607,0.0006981529,0.0004979061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045088943,0.0002570513,0.000567267,0.00024691413,0.0002801108,0.0003891078,0.0003531843,0.00059069804,0.00018053236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038518072,0.00004971866,0.00007831867,0.00002549835,0.0000034182165,0.000010337124,0.0000058871806,0.00015652498,0.9988476,0.000009474423,0.000008674103,0.00076608866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011653036,0.0002306944,0.0008106055,0.000001465242,0.000009379458,0.00002439805,0.000008529,0.0010393144,0.99763834,0.000008858714,0.00021330414,0.0000034282286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038640758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0062290416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038640758,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009428441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00063069834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007683158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034771667","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00432-6","title":"Application of surface modifying macromolecules for the preparation of membranes for membrane distillation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Membrane; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Membrane distillation; Dimethylacetamide; Solvent; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Wetting; Materials science; Surface modification; Chemistry; Macromolecule; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.020484743746440222,"score_gpt":0.29344434957245635,"score_spread":0.27295960582601614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034771667","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9104353,0.0072333063,0.0758984,0.0005202562,0.0001378359,0.000115164876,0.00013205646,0.0003627363,0.0051649096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95578265,0.0049500675,0.03447865,0.00011555575,0.000037018643,0.000058717505,0.00018867855,0.00008807718,0.0043005724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989426,0.000019175257,0.0000060059297,0.00002238943,0.00003713171,0.000020983156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998541,0.000047720678,0.000028390801,0.000024596988,0.000028112592,0.000017063609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002723633,0.00043424184,0.00025044117,0.00022749863,0.00030803838,0.00045471627,0.00018488467,0.00046375062,0.00078464655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041102344,0.00021731887,0.00034021618,0.00023959501,0.00027311116,0.00034230846,0.00026328475,0.0007439375,0.0003722026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001610145,0.000007763523,0.00006236509,0.0000420133,0.0000054230286,0.000022351282,0.00002015355,0.00008667377,0.99667144,0.00025955364,0.000026417069,0.0027795883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018577149,0.000034921446,0.00021487013,0.0000022504607,0.000006066626,0.00003482752,0.000005431294,0.00023878319,0.9972894,0.00004285456,0.0021259428,0.000002741919],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005729003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007866046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00078464655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035511228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029242144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026248693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035974132","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v3n1p191","title":"Study on Removal of Organics of Different Molecular Weight by Coagulation-Membrane Filtration Process","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Chromatography; Size-exclusion chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006458446972022371,"score_gpt":0.23602182520310772,"score_spread":0.22956337823108536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035974132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992128,0.002577547,0.00411592,0.0000582642,0.000020744628,0.00002457727,0.00004099453,0.000013751314,0.0010203231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921117,0.002134316,0.004002162,0.00005637107,0.000020041918,0.000015823589,0.00011547327,0.000010204031,0.0015339307],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997447,0.000025639543,0.000010597799,0.00004133128,0.00012361136,0.000054141863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988854,0.000034152996,0.00001964654,0.0000044014387,0.0000411165,0.0000120540735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022614267,0.00026417867,0.00039232406,0.00029599378,0.00030586813,0.00030208705,0.00016670268,0.00037527454,0.0003725061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002830793,0.00007764665,0.00046667655,0.00024660406,0.00015922966,0.00036306863,0.00015622764,0.0002789241,0.00012774834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000084875974,0.00004318305,0.00062041427,0.00017542472,0.000013169144,0.000060882358,0.00006185237,0.00015193476,0.9925527,0.000061176914,0.00002696156,0.0061475397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009554393,0.00031539935,0.0053474545,0.000008607827,0.00003675772,0.00019093267,0.000054470525,0.0008473802,0.9912281,0.00004941026,0.0019036622,0.000008226432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019922992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010618621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019922992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029254524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035337056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039613843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036455722","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.038","title":"Influences of solution chemistry and polymeric natural organic matter on the removal of aquatic pharmaceutical residuals by nanofiltration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Ionic strength; Aqueous solution; Natural organic matter; Chromatography; Organic matter; Permeation; Membrane technology; Acetaminophen; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03529975002829398,"score_gpt":0.3352534181611754,"score_spread":0.2999536681328814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036455722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988673,0.00031668157,0.0003438408,0.000025702493,0.000009700478,0.0000051566035,0.000029509818,0.000009822754,0.00039241835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99792945,0.0004114898,0.0006589151,0.000031763353,0.000009983151,0.0000051328716,0.00006293464,0.000009965839,0.00088037975],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998041,0.00003476264,0.000017528415,0.000025644611,0.00006228833,0.000055686643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978095,0.000102850056,0.000044869474,0.000008563832,0.000037437254,0.00002542527],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030315688,0.00035387758,0.000252086,0.0001783252,0.0002335764,0.0004358634,0.00019105348,0.00041479152,0.0006811059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051120576,0.00020644098,0.00031157144,0.00012303692,0.00024965729,0.0003559235,0.0001595406,0.00035803296,0.00018487532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027183993,0.000028714083,0.00029739746,0.000037504302,0.000009725756,0.00003814333,0.000022674281,0.00022628062,0.99681264,0.000034780875,0.000023128747,0.0021971774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015689462,0.00027492922,0.002123496,0.0000026302068,0.000016127742,0.000035136713,0.000017386288,0.00077417743,0.99639565,0.000021890095,0.00031694717,0.0000059398185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002931163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034780605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002931163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004421894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041610815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0058282614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036461492","doi":"10.1080/09593330903527898","title":"Performance and fouling characteristics of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for kraft evaporator condensate treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Membrane fouling; Biogas; Fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Kraft paper; Methane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008886142623428205,"score_gpt":0.21817972464433713,"score_spread":0.20929358202090892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036461492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975389,0.00063825457,0.0013412903,0.00003748595,0.000007622301,0.0000116453875,0.00011257014,0.000039139726,0.00027305193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951219,0.0006556039,0.003054882,0.00001881062,0.000005853347,0.000021742619,0.0002789696,0.000012249553,0.0008300111],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999754,0.000041524865,0.000024468125,0.000039369577,0.00010581168,0.000034775752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982893,0.000037735208,0.000039178245,0.000015079213,0.000052855765,0.000026242997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031545555,0.00036701758,0.0007003159,0.0002489988,0.00030200125,0.00037021696,0.00026818915,0.0004180227,0.00042284996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038788098,0.00014200089,0.00034187944,0.00017839017,0.00013258158,0.00026227708,0.00021111482,0.00024462037,0.00037389772],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085867316,0.000020719575,0.0004762343,0.000032346685,0.000005101592,0.000015708898,0.000010813724,0.00014573574,0.9976871,0.0000051548254,0.000010331151,0.0015048549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000102415515,0.00051538163,0.007366038,0.000005196723,0.000024819194,0.00009937624,0.00003493418,0.0012196978,0.9900053,0.000008412322,0.00070114963,0.000009395943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021581962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027623144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021581962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042090553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036559647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004291296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036566533","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.04.034","title":"Comparative assessment of hydrophobic and hydrophilic membrane fouling in wastewater applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Regenerated cellulose; Cellulose; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017419441219860204,"score_gpt":0.306845278368536,"score_spread":0.28942583714867576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036566533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99783474,0.00048042036,0.0010711896,0.000014286307,0.000005703756,0.000010857697,0.00003591947,0.000004606281,0.0005423484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972875,0.0003879075,0.0011581888,0.000014249498,0.0000052560536,0.000010093447,0.00007562689,0.0000046903715,0.0010565511],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966264,0.000103934464,0.000025941328,0.000027273427,0.00013358923,0.000046591857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994654,0.00020096565,0.000045376823,0.000025643774,0.00021589971,0.000046706686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006923586,0.00020146467,0.00026393874,0.00048098998,0.00030122887,0.0004272089,0.0002043917,0.0005962865,0.0006663132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00082675857,0.00012938335,0.00031360151,0.00030755214,0.00022528892,0.000381351,0.00026827096,0.0002395306,0.000116075535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058972003,0.00004022638,0.0011646685,0.000060707538,0.000009601882,0.0000259446,0.000036644495,0.00016627292,0.9937496,0.000056196073,0.000013569549,0.00408694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008856604,0.00087950466,0.009407747,0.0000057021116,0.000027176393,0.00008832493,0.000067795896,0.0008684535,0.988111,0.00005232844,0.00047749304,0.0000056078925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011394921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014517959,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011394921,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002867075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025412295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003661573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036611125","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00817-2","title":"Effects of surface modifying macromolecule (SMM) on the properties of polyethersulfone membranes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Casting; Materials science; Solvent; Evaporation; Membrane distillation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.028184663419399784,"score_gpt":0.21496455777782716,"score_spread":0.18677989435842737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036611125","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988424,0.00045407657,0.0003372718,0.000021473106,0.000013697358,0.0000042070033,0.000028801573,0.000012944574,0.0002852014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986123,0.00036930805,0.0004297755,0.000022451368,0.0000099211675,0.0000067855376,0.000057450125,0.000011058283,0.0004809745],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984586,0.000033698114,0.000020176365,0.000024289344,0.000039940256,0.000036073827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960715,0.00017572012,0.0000916032,0.000028445194,0.00005378346,0.00004328011],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027778218,0.0003644165,0.00024055775,0.00013084838,0.00017844069,0.0003019293,0.00015684337,0.0003480074,0.00095290196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006593761,0.00019296499,0.0002370067,0.00017251233,0.00023365993,0.00031589766,0.00014493063,0.00041671869,0.0002014858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023537193,0.000016898684,0.000140747,0.000033290893,0.0000075436474,0.000030869487,0.000017483893,0.00012804239,0.9984133,0.000029754381,0.000013418694,0.00093328033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004753605,0.00012256352,0.0005458295,0.0000013149096,0.0000070088363,0.000019175324,0.0000057225734,0.00022878281,0.9988846,0.0000056282847,0.00017215448,0.0000023930954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003426996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033023363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095290196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019192678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014178116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031877756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036739160","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2006.02.002","title":"Chelating properties and molecular weight distribution of soluble microbial products from an aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Copper; Chemistry; Chelation; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Ligand (biochemistry); Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Receptor","score_opus":0.0395517287679765,"score_gpt":0.2702416985595662,"score_spread":0.2306899697915897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036739160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991059,0.00011177891,0.0005139224,0.000013222241,0.0000021697774,0.000002672835,0.000055601497,0.000008084151,0.00018659716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986312,0.00013212235,0.0004204586,0.000008818339,0.000004072528,0.000003396872,0.00014023836,0.000007980773,0.00065183686],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990463,0.000011986701,0.000008375667,0.000019962341,0.000027287446,0.000027778897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981683,0.000057107463,0.000043769865,0.000010878423,0.00004341902,0.00002805629],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019519095,0.0002814614,0.00020536964,0.00019145814,0.00016156351,0.0003619527,0.00014883267,0.00017451272,0.00041574752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032733986,0.00010744071,0.00014503708,0.00018074662,0.00014746453,0.00023514705,0.000103162216,0.00026248497,0.00017547565],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018054328,0.0000101554,0.00023333819,0.000008957084,0.0000020195605,0.000012742889,0.000014963816,0.000080059304,0.9988127,0.00001627442,0.000009166619,0.00061923324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005434567,0.00014596895,0.0022278645,0.0000013100629,0.0000071515515,0.000022225018,0.000021309295,0.00055182073,0.99684036,0.000012800748,0.00016072104,0.0000030222518],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018588558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008192706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018588558,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023467846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021504659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036960244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037275603","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2007.02.007","title":"Metal removal through synergic coagulation–flocculation using an optimized chitosan–montmorillonite system","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Clay Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Chitosan; Montmorillonite; Flocculation; Coagulation; Chemistry; Turbidity; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Metal; Water treatment; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.02836468619188329,"score_gpt":0.2849739532156461,"score_spread":0.2566092670237628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037275603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971208,0.00038772967,0.0018241178,0.00004265984,0.000020553487,0.000022633341,0.00004665021,0.00006405082,0.00047084317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965145,0.00022157712,0.0023683019,0.000018181116,0.000009756816,0.000011281453,0.00008765856,0.000011182862,0.0007577113],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981064,0.000023194614,0.000019936855,0.00003800734,0.00006286918,0.000045457866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999125,0.000011836709,0.00001890116,0.000006490734,0.000026726635,0.000023519015],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021251845,0.0005067301,0.00052837736,0.00034552554,0.00027161257,0.0003581405,0.00034295343,0.0004665122,0.0006333466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001778389,0.00019840845,0.00038608513,0.00027554773,0.00018596706,0.00019618415,0.00023574484,0.00033252756,0.00021965496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011611832,0.000028964372,0.000045733614,0.000021866543,0.000007019513,0.00002142394,0.0000052044293,0.00011608753,0.9988009,0.0000112233665,0.000020295292,0.0008051812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001885575,0.0001837323,0.0005880086,0.0000012873443,0.00002595152,0.000043421634,0.0000051405796,0.00095068046,0.9978319,0.000005565495,0.00033976967,0.000005683064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031848215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006412264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031848215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004525736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004743024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0063325763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037873515","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.013","title":"The influence of natural organic matter and cations on fouled nanofiltration membrane effective molecular weight cut-off","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Natural organic matter; Effluent; Chromatography; Divalent; Environmental chemistry; Matrix (chemical analysis); Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004310265896956246,"score_gpt":0.2241753221732281,"score_spread":0.21986505627627187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037873515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99826163,0.0007419992,0.00041223023,0.000033221873,0.000022449629,0.000007177091,0.00004554193,0.000014957871,0.00046071707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983271,0.00033242162,0.000506709,0.000043578082,0.000008841645,0.000007875645,0.000071399685,0.000008832476,0.00069319893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979275,0.000024228646,0.000016731778,0.00003311404,0.000069397334,0.00006388452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934584,0.0004000569,0.00006990917,0.000020730406,0.000116213036,0.000047162728],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034552897,0.0003140584,0.00031590968,0.00016816235,0.00026866156,0.00048780203,0.00026545546,0.00042468295,0.0008576657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007683043,0.00016898273,0.00021150307,0.00011037548,0.000297318,0.00049241085,0.00019670204,0.00044192685,0.00020743563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008174574,0.00003511799,0.00033381933,0.000050793064,0.000008477863,0.00004082797,0.000028826891,0.00018292574,0.99520206,0.000045865087,0.000038051425,0.00321584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008243386,0.00012891123,0.0020747313,0.0000032320838,0.000009322452,0.000020214438,0.000014604011,0.00039917493,0.9970605,0.000011005713,0.00026604303,0.000004030061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017383901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021684326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017383901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054055953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041198867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003922045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038032904","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2011.11.048","title":"More fouling resistant modified PVDF ultrafiltration membranes for water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.05738626744975453,"score_gpt":0.2691134912239534,"score_spread":0.21172722377419886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038032904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820249,0.0027245798,0.013179248,0.00030384373,0.00021037432,0.00002786968,0.00014612198,0.00023952132,0.0011436517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98417294,0.0011509449,0.010308284,0.00015172563,0.000052355925,0.000019802392,0.00019619669,0.000046660123,0.0039011005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989223,0.000015041346,0.000011080844,0.000021521068,0.000042142678,0.000017938191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999273,0.0000110034935,0.000017260416,0.000011601321,0.000021852862,0.000011043253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027178536,0.00031987258,0.0003118615,0.00019531493,0.00017143712,0.00038583679,0.00032872337,0.00071492745,0.0015431232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028726543,0.00017283636,0.0003953292,0.0001326165,0.000113754395,0.0008523636,0.00015735147,0.00050689024,0.0003245531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080101665,0.000031787884,0.00006952893,0.000038596067,0.000008183112,0.000018568144,0.000012084101,0.00015968237,0.9954556,0.00010664188,0.00009873226,0.003920394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021235008,0.00021913875,0.0016468796,0.0000035391006,0.000028773657,0.00009223248,0.0000141957025,0.0012412422,0.9933349,0.00009265672,0.0032952926,0.0000099624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004689385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007179542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015431232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028002376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012270348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051622987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038194273","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.047","title":"Flux dependent oil permeation in the ultrafiltration of highly concentrated and unstable oil-in-water emulsions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Emulsion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Phase inversion; Critical point (mathematics); Membrane technology; Materials science; Oil droplet; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score_opus":0.019922653755707596,"score_gpt":0.23462187508726604,"score_spread":0.21469922133155844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038194273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981823,0.00022672839,0.001219627,0.00005268349,0.000007414984,0.0000040898226,0.000048275695,0.000011435513,0.00024754912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986015,0.0001745569,0.0005178749,0.000018393584,0.0000032133032,0.0000030478209,0.000051623283,0.000011999882,0.0006178348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999031,0.000020005094,0.000004765763,0.000021597212,0.000021750644,0.000028898166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977034,0.00011857921,0.000037775557,0.000009192653,0.000044610944,0.00001956431],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033391325,0.00019602408,0.00021608823,0.00016697122,0.00023513919,0.00051180494,0.00018890333,0.00026893732,0.0004137951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049204164,0.00011368836,0.00022292676,0.00013180876,0.00033984,0.0007897926,0.00016346268,0.00061433663,0.00012568376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003746537,0.000023378825,0.00028092862,0.00003071208,0.000005441681,0.000051093473,0.00007321916,0.00035776186,0.9970074,0.00028525738,0.00003988837,0.0014703298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015161324,0.00011404259,0.0011495239,0.0000031073837,0.0000067950255,0.000032395,0.000027870045,0.004215546,0.9941549,0.00007147685,0.00020165519,0.0000076939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024918139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014530615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024918139,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000695256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030312073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050444603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038835131","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2008.010","title":"Biological filtration for membrane pre-treatment and other applications: towards the development of a practically-oriented performance parameter","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Icon; Citation; Filtration (mathematics); Computer science; Download; Filter (signal processing); World Wide Web; Library science; Information retrieval; Mathematics","score_opus":0.07938879937988313,"score_gpt":0.33195669215900814,"score_spread":0.252567892779125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038835131","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08017161,0.03962786,0.71670157,0.024543865,0.0022376939,0.0012069161,0.00044396197,0.0028558758,0.1322107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5061542,0.044589408,0.39393842,0.0027755385,0.0012971794,0.00095841545,0.0010381468,0.000925059,0.048323665],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960103,0.00082105276,0.00024505175,0.00029578005,0.0024148093,0.00021294852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975096,0.00040496627,0.00022391946,0.00025347012,0.0013744712,0.00023352988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0055203754,0.0010037146,0.0010508717,0.0011815126,0.0008329307,0.004224531,0.0014925743,0.0022179277,0.003341541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045325565,0.00037268386,0.000633104,0.0009383471,0.0018711542,0.0040732743,0.0021397115,0.0021019862,0.0029449905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004259782,0.0007275243,0.0027852897,0.0026503904,0.000087816756,0.00029495143,0.0005146665,0.017180424,0.34339073,0.120418414,0.023020059,0.4885037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010067651,0.0023633873,0.0052241473,0.00060771604,0.000113505615,0.0010516548,0.0006740742,0.044039134,0.47527933,0.038123295,0.43220305,0.00022011508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008869633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061416253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0055203754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024113883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0033284891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029194891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038946225","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2012.672214","title":"Variability and limits of the unified membrane fouling index: application to the reduction of low-pressure membrane fouling by ozonation and biofiltration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Biofouling; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Ozone; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012674808432575502,"score_gpt":0.2381483178135698,"score_spread":0.22547350938099428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038946225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8867398,0.00088828313,0.10992307,0.000107998094,0.000028006896,0.000022550323,0.0002600795,0.0002882942,0.0017419251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928578,0.000079658304,0.006757709,0.000012570272,0.000021586455,0.00001445209,0.00014688172,0.00002626534,0.00008305674],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977792,0.0007381735,0.00013871441,0.0005182589,0.0007350323,0.000090585454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9784693,0.016302982,0.0018952595,0.0017909764,0.0013062475,0.000235242],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004694594,0.00033537715,0.0005995101,0.0013178285,0.00036290026,0.0014591543,0.0006619734,0.0010936961,0.00017995403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017527292,0.00025379536,0.0004850194,0.0010002785,0.000742625,0.0010637803,0.0008180883,0.0006178739,0.0000861286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0034268731,0.00070062286,0.33791643,0.00044558212,0.00081347063,0.0004399888,0.0010692824,0.1599931,0.26561686,0.013334864,0.0007967176,0.21544616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037886653,0.0009031579,0.22467475,0.000041849646,0.00022174616,0.0009197331,0.00022162798,0.66415846,0.09770275,0.009319001,0.0015823208,0.00021668462],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009018866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053731503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004694594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046191132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027142596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024827719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039240772","doi":"10.1021/es803615g","title":"Assessing the Performance of Biological Filtration As Pretreatment to Low Pressure Membranes for Drinking Water","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilter; Filtration (mathematics); Biopolymer; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Organic matter; Biofouling; Chromatography; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012879777375700528,"score_gpt":0.2629976834147816,"score_spread":0.2501179060390811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039240772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947713,0.0015530926,0.0031522298,0.00006041941,0.000018254663,0.000046025063,0.00005354946,0.00001397105,0.0003312506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917393,0.0014842099,0.0058941026,0.000035180274,0.00001498129,0.00002365519,0.00013178463,0.000008386265,0.0006683016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994785,0.0001433211,0.000029684717,0.00006948405,0.00019900539,0.00008007945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999616,0.00015110354,0.00009464199,0.000027598579,0.00008163545,0.000029051693],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008292896,0.00051199674,0.00034584734,0.00020005999,0.00028269496,0.0005352989,0.00025616732,0.0006415093,0.0006541621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092551013,0.00013171778,0.00039382087,0.00017799801,0.00022878527,0.0005876578,0.00016808893,0.0004527084,0.00019343253],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001042452,0.0000794434,0.0006222878,0.00008902689,0.0000102870135,0.000012702317,0.000012511876,0.00016437935,0.99534684,0.00002090399,0.000013115059,0.0035241172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008089018,0.001389921,0.0056039006,0.0000046153964,0.000020337631,0.00004153746,0.000028664988,0.0006392907,0.991833,0.0000207278,0.0004031368,0.0000068602435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026693284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002372764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026693284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008134495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004915665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005902052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039653229","doi":"10.1139/s07-028","title":"Coagulation assisted membrane filtration to treat high strength wastewater from municipal solid waste anaerobic digesters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Discovery Air (Canada); University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Aeration; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Organic matter; Wastewater; Coagulation; Alum; Anaerobic digestion; Suspended solids; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Methane","score_opus":0.011039716267475503,"score_gpt":0.2065439974469287,"score_spread":0.1955042811794532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039653229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780724,0.0036410384,0.016540803,0.00022171316,0.000059465023,0.000069014255,0.00006931497,0.00009767933,0.0012286184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9804842,0.0023178835,0.013775808,0.00012473976,0.000023068065,0.000030376234,0.00015157269,0.000016127866,0.0030761838],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998522,0.000033025182,0.000010756117,0.00001667555,0.0000610589,0.000026321786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999331,0.00001841623,0.000015893007,0.0000038214,0.000016840815,0.000012008255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000269702,0.00037693873,0.00025282303,0.00031994426,0.00023807366,0.00035800278,0.00017946413,0.00044618436,0.00028379867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025792574,0.00013118419,0.00033372166,0.00020609307,0.00012576084,0.00023788417,0.00018774872,0.00036674968,0.00013032639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004662132,0.000023112023,0.00024777369,0.000059131016,0.000011163547,0.000025685893,0.000018474864,0.00028338152,0.9940327,0.000040142702,0.000052843643,0.0051590167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023068242,0.00023743772,0.0042397603,0.000009802516,0.000029290846,0.00015953468,0.000023945897,0.0016305757,0.9912417,0.000076792356,0.0023193848,0.0000086418495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002921153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031689361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002921153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048404856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004654415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005808294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040253332","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2013.11.005","title":"Treatment of oil sands process-affected water with ceramic ultrafiltration membrane: Effects of operating conditions on membrane performance","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Nanofiltration; Chemical oxygen demand; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Turbidity; Microfiltration; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006236619115574456,"score_gpt":0.24029851346040895,"score_spread":0.2340618943448345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040253332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988331,0.00017827803,0.0006492449,0.000019926008,0.000009024508,0.0000072309,0.00006485202,0.000012143849,0.00022623473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99837327,0.00020906162,0.00078863517,0.000009631749,0.0000034206948,0.0000049270407,0.00008518568,0.0000055287537,0.00052032137],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.000015442107,0.000013495512,0.000025341373,0.000035667676,0.000043056512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992955,0.000019521724,0.000013576289,0.00000438305,0.000022241544,0.0000106889765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015511898,0.00027889857,0.00036873552,0.00015268606,0.0003046287,0.00034113924,0.00021174096,0.00038091515,0.0005545238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025711476,0.00010989878,0.0004009993,0.00018773046,0.00018218534,0.00030751634,0.00014911477,0.0003110817,0.00012461461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034233427,0.000022733622,0.00030400837,0.000049288872,0.000007149346,0.00003305723,0.000034590397,0.00016818407,0.9975979,0.000018593932,0.000017637654,0.0014045163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004386837,0.00010978018,0.0012178689,0.0000015335538,0.000011329743,0.000016644799,0.000030570038,0.00045740258,0.99792755,0.000007828127,0.00021161491,0.0000035744035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007334864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0071381913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007334864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041308903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004322695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014584303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040542910","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.06.017","title":"Performance of the submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) with iron electrodes for wastewater treatment and fouling reduction","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Membrane; Bioreactor; Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrode; Wastewater; Effluent; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.01731409238126886,"score_gpt":0.22124886080868006,"score_spread":0.2039347684274112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040542910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99683326,0.0006509467,0.001820972,0.00009924204,0.00003363344,0.000008037359,0.0001604822,0.00005962793,0.00033395918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995959,0.00029798728,0.0022815526,0.000040740426,0.000009495908,0.000008693981,0.00021197129,0.000012789089,0.0011778064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974734,0.000040767358,0.000025071051,0.00005427781,0.00008844911,0.00004420809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978524,0.00006829233,0.000022365606,0.000017416807,0.00007417835,0.000032542448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056947756,0.00040475265,0.0006331912,0.00024728331,0.0003239145,0.0003375021,0.00049173593,0.00092656264,0.0007994038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052213774,0.00025895817,0.00054470083,0.00016469488,0.00013904124,0.00038393505,0.0002180106,0.00046086698,0.0005117225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002870401,0.000032008462,0.00013817802,0.000025018362,0.0000053141584,0.00001565412,0.000007491521,0.00008969507,0.9982583,0.0000089816585,0.00002705117,0.0011052808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011235853,0.0005043805,0.0012533503,0.0000023427658,0.000013124171,0.000045730518,0.000010476003,0.0010766564,0.99690515,0.000008904275,0.00016414504,0.0000045375305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023293488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024119779,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023293488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000274772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041520098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004631579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040748169","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.119","title":"Cationisation of silicon wafers to assess the development of a solid sorbent for the removal of anionic contaminants in paper machine white water","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Silanization; Chemical engineering; Silane; Sorbent; Adsorption; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021216070151493512,"score_gpt":0.2549346404475178,"score_spread":0.23371857029602428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040748169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957105,0.00022695686,0.002525795,0.000053173822,0.000018833418,0.000031884203,0.00012269353,0.000025829408,0.0012843178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908931,0.00034613296,0.0039479616,0.00006148981,0.000007080968,0.000025336934,0.0002780051,0.00001859047,0.004422177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997855,0.000025092193,0.000010014299,0.000040899995,0.000092530565,0.0000460389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998118,0.0000648908,0.000035246827,0.000015959728,0.00005287291,0.000019193543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022114675,0.00027656366,0.00015458874,0.0001395827,0.0001973003,0.0003597783,0.00019508359,0.0005446962,0.0016822481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003223139,0.00014410644,0.0002464386,0.00011343441,0.00014259003,0.00023018803,0.0002112727,0.0002839513,0.00033857362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025397358,0.000008371087,0.0001321101,0.0000138946025,0.0000035164678,0.000011920872,0.00000984041,0.00006473782,0.99925023,0.000015626874,0.000010460117,0.00045394193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039472416,0.00017840325,0.0014376319,0.0000015852553,0.0000047744593,0.000018219653,0.000026279695,0.000524988,0.99743783,0.000013785389,0.0003502768,0.000002275725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010007422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00227393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016822481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019640313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024737223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056276917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040836780","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2013.04.006","title":"Membrane bioreactor technology: A novel approach to the treatment of compost leachate","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Leachate; Effluent; Compost; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Ammonia; Nitrite; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Nitrate; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Mass spectrometry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Wastewater; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018336366479615774,"score_gpt":0.22064667503371446,"score_spread":0.20231030855409868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040836780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5781259,0.029355332,0.3772366,0.0034155096,0.0010974306,0.00022962385,0.000612582,0.0014368487,0.008490106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7943773,0.029285092,0.15522511,0.0005517285,0.00033660256,0.00019202608,0.00064027566,0.00014158738,0.019250207],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997458,0.00003735926,0.000012748749,0.000042813084,0.00011924082,0.000042005988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994874,0.000008705214,0.000009634177,0.0000053042454,0.000016591384,0.000011019041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038537782,0.00049103756,0.000619481,0.0005573725,0.00064129324,0.00093023403,0.00059954583,0.001031963,0.0006997082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019614505,0.00020134253,0.0006478791,0.00046109926,0.00039074835,0.0010037003,0.0005896352,0.0010060597,0.00059774256],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064294545,0.0000480558,0.000114445495,0.00012761255,0.000013289178,0.000078977064,0.000021215967,0.00017935327,0.98329353,0.00092249626,0.0002451452,0.014891502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019338608,0.00018419631,0.00058945344,0.000018873701,0.00003027623,0.0004252356,0.000032285327,0.002303586,0.98054034,0.00039294575,0.0154441465,0.000019317944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012784299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016724182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012784299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007565017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010340638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005488813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041499834","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.006","title":"The effect of hydrodynamic conditions and system configurations on the permeate flux in a submerged hollow fiber membrane system","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flux (metallurgy); Permeation; Steady state (chemistry); Air sparging; Mechanics; Membrane; Fiber; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.005671048681690777,"score_gpt":0.23045716013962525,"score_spread":0.22478611145793448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041499834","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998372,0.0001926417,0.0010735709,0.000034835386,0.000011806104,0.000006663417,0.000061818755,0.00004466954,0.00020202508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99828523,0.00016794064,0.0010892798,0.000023435929,0.000007832697,0.0000078456,0.000084706706,0.00002294744,0.0003107492],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971217,0.00007275626,0.000027327946,0.000058242433,0.00006895331,0.000060572827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927014,0.00041018208,0.00009653534,0.000035508998,0.00011584761,0.00007173857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006534608,0.0003015228,0.0005513844,0.00016791192,0.00043398404,0.00068141427,0.00025478212,0.0003880985,0.0007251795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009785952,0.00033794573,0.00023695065,0.00016271112,0.00043348208,0.0008043239,0.00025449248,0.00041487673,0.00019152075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005948661,0.000032056116,0.00030735202,0.000040121424,0.000006066129,0.000038592345,0.000025497695,0.00045363116,0.99688345,0.000035775778,0.00003823571,0.0015442276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019665662,0.00024226752,0.001532638,0.0000022142317,0.000013717589,0.000026178468,0.000017512048,0.002072209,0.99589443,0.00001645414,0.00015456119,0.000008043532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013178324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001340551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013178324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006237559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038735775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004525721},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041523589","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:12(1450)","title":"Impact of Membrane Surface Modification on the Treatment of Surface Water","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Chemistry; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Surface water; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Polymer chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.013276079833021068,"score_gpt":0.22593909389157898,"score_spread":0.21266301405855792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041523589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99757105,0.00078197656,0.0009904498,0.000035859674,0.000013655991,0.000017580485,0.00006367671,0.0000186833,0.00050711486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996581,0.0007497201,0.0016818105,0.00003040168,0.000006590255,0.000013861056,0.00011808388,0.000011045024,0.00080764515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999634,0.00006613568,0.000035159115,0.000056249246,0.00013616389,0.00007219572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996747,0.00012548991,0.00007195099,0.00002041705,0.0000772944,0.00003009369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030474606,0.00044434142,0.00039927286,0.00018364198,0.00027422083,0.0005184752,0.00018458611,0.00043886623,0.0006140147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000706812,0.00016898001,0.00038069792,0.00018509016,0.0002857742,0.00037068225,0.0002013076,0.00040931808,0.00018181172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009803436,0.000019765814,0.00036868342,0.000056826964,0.000014387728,0.0000309615,0.000013896726,0.00022724543,0.9972037,0.000017180406,0.000011215726,0.0019380942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028777508,0.0001912312,0.0026713754,0.0000023818745,0.00001672533,0.0000353254,0.000012710499,0.00024316272,0.9964259,0.0000068729246,0.00038787004,0.0000035461405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028011815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003368626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028011815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004713024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042272726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005569756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043412872","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.05.031","title":"Development and characterization of poly(vinylidene fluoride)–poly(acrylic acid) pore-filled pH-sensitive membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Acrylic acid; Microporous material; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemistry; Degree of polymerization; Polymerization; Materials science; Polymer; Monomer; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01319912474136897,"score_gpt":0.2459866681404487,"score_spread":0.23278754339907973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043412872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85115373,0.0030849844,0.14236733,0.00037268695,0.00009643656,0.00024167186,0.00046215617,0.00040361952,0.0018174252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90964746,0.0022979118,0.08293952,0.000113267364,0.000026991944,0.00017773904,0.00060667447,0.0000706049,0.004119758],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995752,0.00005951728,0.00003634719,0.00007966191,0.00019890945,0.00005035554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.00009894999,0.000078208504,0.000041754585,0.00012234843,0.000051780637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078938366,0.00032882276,0.00037287845,0.00025503803,0.00027606759,0.00051113265,0.00045122654,0.00083581713,0.0003588803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007448856,0.00035444682,0.0003927611,0.0001974889,0.00025062653,0.0008931184,0.00028308603,0.0006620384,0.00026793842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010405527,0.000008679877,0.00002878878,0.000020999585,0.000001971048,0.000013465893,0.000013254317,0.000053783446,0.99893504,0.000069213995,0.000011258002,0.00083313155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022627373,0.000042175307,0.00036653288,0.000002707517,0.0000035121175,0.000059661914,0.0000066192965,0.00054742297,0.9982778,0.000024234212,0.0006630945,0.0000039270735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003317543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004011713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083581713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030239567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002699909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041747093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043742251","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2010.1663","title":"Ripening of granular media filters for pretreatment of seawater in membrane desalination","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Seawater; Turbidity; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Filter (signal processing); Chemistry; Desalination; Chromatography; Suspended solids; Membrane; Adsorption; Pulp and paper industry; Sand filter; Pilot plant; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Activated carbon; Environmental science; Wastewater; Engineering; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014114267739215293,"score_gpt":0.24606711665654327,"score_spread":0.23195284891732798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043742251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927549,0.0009956755,0.0038604434,0.00011317737,0.000058727404,0.000041005336,0.00015300549,0.00009056573,0.0019325912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933809,0.00057560904,0.0028639613,0.00007805251,0.000011651187,0.000019760435,0.00017681587,0.00004759098,0.0028455853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986327,0.000013616869,0.000010224517,0.00002915356,0.000040406056,0.00004324511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984527,0.000034346212,0.000041837047,0.000019119865,0.0000288482,0.00003060861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017340867,0.00036282538,0.00029743876,0.00026154268,0.00036550622,0.00057930546,0.0002676716,0.00035950675,0.0021944677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035764935,0.0002017736,0.00040044478,0.00021732466,0.00023539198,0.0005669859,0.00031491317,0.00062546827,0.00044805842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013789961,0.000022532733,0.00016242811,0.000075574135,0.000006987295,0.00006001856,0.000031113443,0.00018106448,0.9949498,0.000069833884,0.0000706159,0.0042320415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005768978,0.00009292518,0.0020429234,0.0000061977207,0.000009387562,0.000037671954,0.000040638577,0.0005247355,0.9962908,0.000035277244,0.0009076253,0.0000061152773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010016833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017858861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021944677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033265626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026131884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007341206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044121119","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2010.991","title":"First year performance review of Magong UF/RO Seawater Desalination Plant","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Reverse osmosis plant; Seawater; Environmental engineering; Pilot plant; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Process engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.011764770292308052,"score_gpt":0.22741782822712664,"score_spread":0.2156530579348186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044121119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4772168,0.4121083,0.011097887,0.002304666,0.0010407533,0.00019416111,0.0027572839,0.00079046877,0.09248958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.71876603,0.15300092,0.0066167777,0.0007487962,0.00056691293,0.000051543557,0.003329842,0.00017099993,0.11674816],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961615,0.000047436562,0.00003343884,0.000054361863,0.000199896,0.000048760616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993673,0.000073596566,0.00005110643,0.000021879192,0.00045582044,0.000030341133],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069979223,0.0003897376,0.0005189993,0.0007691834,0.00036987392,0.0009293154,0.0005048708,0.00048592692,0.0031605165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054148235,0.000107713066,0.00045960638,0.00091030233,0.00006606903,0.0007472678,0.00016873142,0.00017855286,0.0010062462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00083741255,0.00021503393,0.008011748,0.0042076735,0.00016297007,0.00040501016,0.00015963514,0.0033212209,0.13291413,0.0010383839,0.019133728,0.829593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044168693,0.0039854413,0.06279393,0.000432219,0.00062120287,0.0013665061,0.0005291221,0.003714999,0.26781496,0.00036164123,0.6582636,0.00007216591],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007121014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012260484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007121014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011381947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010741455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014159143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044201206","doi":"10.1002/jctb.1096","title":"Impact of chemical oxidation on sludge properties and membrane flux in membrane separation bioreactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Lakehead University","funders":"Lakehead University","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Hypochlorite; Sodium hypochlorite; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane reactor; Chlorine; Chemical engineering; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.016512298443867326,"score_gpt":0.26676809505257465,"score_spread":0.25025579660870734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044201206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986438,0.00037209992,0.00052467844,0.000063469604,0.000012985049,0.000015269734,0.000061561805,0.000019295629,0.00028690023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99828464,0.00037905984,0.0007662007,0.000049152393,0.00000613245,0.000012982322,0.0000997523,0.000010986235,0.0003909448],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990846,0.00023560994,0.00010368246,0.00010074371,0.00036013045,0.000115102746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992187,0.0002932115,0.0002089802,0.000034308523,0.00017665392,0.00006815157],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073660753,0.0005293846,0.0005752899,0.00033891402,0.00032149817,0.0011449711,0.00025514796,0.00058819266,0.0003949162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013570052,0.00025158658,0.00042126898,0.00029788972,0.0003719155,0.00048953015,0.00033141702,0.00043394702,0.0001597583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003990769,0.000055558943,0.001227731,0.00009808891,0.000015500158,0.00004594986,0.00003719295,0.0004031222,0.99584216,0.000024059189,0.000018980727,0.00183255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022135382,0.0006521027,0.006752028,0.000011148175,0.000034778044,0.00007426098,0.000076852375,0.0012532073,0.99060225,0.00003214122,0.00047775896,0.000011342712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032032796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023307898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032032796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009826055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005947307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007129371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044282295","doi":"10.1002/apj.5500140125","title":"Development and Validation of an Unsteady State Numerical Model of Fouling within a Crystalline Systern","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Desalination; Heat transfer; Mass transfer; Boundary layer; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Deposition (geology); Membrane fouling; Transport phenomena; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Membrane; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.012685370556072013,"score_gpt":0.22018095362207535,"score_spread":0.20749558306600333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044282295","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46501145,0.00032643732,0.51258904,0.0005257683,0.00016910426,0.0003053291,0.000309855,0.0008369496,0.019926013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9421505,0.00016950071,0.051865835,0.00005319531,0.000019123827,0.00026021095,0.0002032589,0.00005692206,0.0052215643],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971837,0.00007497282,0.000024277495,0.00004356106,0.00009904598,0.0000397715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992748,0.00033920797,0.000069032016,0.00008094579,0.00019438805,0.00004155082],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008371845,0.0004950787,0.00074457016,0.0003992424,0.0009241923,0.0016717304,0.0010121492,0.0019375198,0.0012142053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018267636,0.0005249755,0.0007713631,0.00029805818,0.0011035464,0.00062921894,0.0007943359,0.0008720073,0.00031208756],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011794148,0.000027557493,0.00037859497,0.000009458897,0.000005591281,0.000027290025,0.00001767001,0.9956124,0.0014820367,0.0013025881,0.00004912851,0.0010758761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020932298,0.000005024636,0.000031314223,8.596457e-7,6.8025565e-7,0.0000011797538,0.0000015299856,0.99960047,0.00022053994,0.00006509636,0.00007018152,0.0000010749354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024396636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007138688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024396636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011816083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017743972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04850924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044363995","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2015.1009116","title":"Optimization of Chemical Cleaning for Improvement of Membrane Performance and Fouling Control in Drinking Water Treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Chemistry; Citric acid; Sodium hypochlorite; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chromatography; Hypochlorite; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01699093796287661,"score_gpt":0.26763595278252605,"score_spread":0.25064501481964946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044363995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99287236,0.0015568614,0.004823944,0.00007126023,0.00001523403,0.0000730979,0.00010027094,0.000053665688,0.00043315496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98537445,0.0020345608,0.011818314,0.000039451013,0.0000081711005,0.00004742427,0.0001287172,0.000019178617,0.00052971835],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942434,0.00010083112,0.000056442754,0.00008189535,0.00025406957,0.00008241872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998166,0.000054233555,0.000049513426,0.000014560531,0.00004909102,0.000016065876],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048389935,0.00058881583,0.00075980125,0.00044980206,0.00037374752,0.00068592007,0.00036866113,0.0006740126,0.00034614932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004879813,0.0002661691,0.00060273084,0.00045974457,0.0003092684,0.00035636744,0.00032829962,0.00039968602,0.0001431199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052672465,0.000055169432,0.00016692534,0.00008630745,0.000008615272,0.000021264701,0.000008472198,0.0003090818,0.9973123,0.000014685066,0.000007788774,0.0019568172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058181486,0.00027206333,0.0012383874,0.0000031272248,0.000018770239,0.000028266015,0.000013242531,0.00048309256,0.99755484,0.000012588565,0.00036370906,0.0000060464686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016270548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022764292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016270548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004379139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005347642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032351017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044373942","doi":"10.2118/173188-pa","title":"Assessing the Biotreatability of Produced Water From a Qatari Gas Field","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Membrane bioreactor; Suspended solids; Chemical oxygen demand; Produced water; Refinery; Reuse; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Activated sludge; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Water treatment; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.019430529371359525,"score_gpt":0.27675081357499864,"score_spread":0.2573202842036391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044373942","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987419,0.000080297694,0.00059967383,0.000017373148,0.0000028735394,0.00002909133,0.00019331722,0.0000074212785,0.00032812345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99585944,0.0002079793,0.0019272622,0.000051324318,0.0000032504795,0.00004992217,0.00078694406,0.000006885952,0.0011070084],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998179,0.000034634853,0.000012502709,0.00004679763,0.00005296887,0.000035236753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999845,0.0000456391,0.000038715785,0.000008261915,0.00004556195,0.000016837146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003813752,0.00044905726,0.00026338067,0.0003067755,0.00036906396,0.00057765224,0.00021702546,0.00040145693,0.00071503274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030000022,0.00012291274,0.00034856785,0.00033204604,0.00024071652,0.00029186162,0.00018054474,0.0004113488,0.00018379929],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017005946,0.00006746735,0.0042285435,0.00006205729,0.00001451398,0.000038611484,0.000064472166,0.00047174786,0.9927233,0.000018249248,0.000026482678,0.0021145549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019979068,0.0021323725,0.06467636,0.000015960271,0.000048286987,0.00006411657,0.0001954864,0.0021997362,0.929892,0.000032711112,0.00071162643,0.000011301014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010367355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01121828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010367355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007115053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049048295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020614028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044479249","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.075","title":"Characteristics of wastewater and mixed liquor and their role in membrane fouling","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Wastewater; Membrane; Volatile suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Activated sludge; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008515591826173693,"score_gpt":0.20629216437869627,"score_spread":0.19777657255252257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044479249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99710757,0.00094425475,0.0007355793,0.000047889756,0.000010673275,0.000008257056,0.00035101894,0.000008633636,0.0007862151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99733067,0.00040998435,0.0005339395,0.000027494625,0.0000079664505,0.000012457854,0.00040962498,0.000008676695,0.0012593331],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997032,0.00007450305,0.000037599642,0.0000285887,0.00008824536,0.00006785689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995165,0.0001823887,0.00007837314,0.000015930564,0.00013861222,0.000068215326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003628145,0.0002781394,0.00026524116,0.0004902771,0.00022398541,0.0005268506,0.00017332619,0.0005213758,0.0010780836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009752821,0.00016917846,0.00028116125,0.00048860617,0.00018587257,0.00047097343,0.00020695575,0.00028662937,0.00029372517],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017991755,0.00009269946,0.009872683,0.0001335561,0.000032155636,0.00024908484,0.00009099636,0.00054563355,0.97911286,0.00016354183,0.00012211988,0.0077854916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001758891,0.00057179615,0.052494157,0.000016433802,0.000033514978,0.00046026512,0.00033069233,0.002322143,0.9420106,0.00017126065,0.0015433315,0.00002822796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020902327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015360599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020902327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031679522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033035738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041561127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044712394","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.04.4","title":"Mitigating Low-Pressure Membrane Fouling by Controlling the Charge of Precipitated Floc Particles","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Particulates; Coagulation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface charge; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Biofouling; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00699965593195522,"score_gpt":0.23866524408085654,"score_spread":0.2316655881489013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044712394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730954,0.0005479103,0.024568332,0.00018300394,0.000025745141,0.00007020315,0.00003825296,0.00023054775,0.0012404951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.968236,0.0006237611,0.029886553,0.00006937384,0.000015266436,0.00003814297,0.00004689939,0.000030938,0.001053006],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986315,0.000013442807,0.000010255824,0.000020729824,0.000066607005,0.000025834383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998586,0.000037063586,0.00003276479,0.000014582879,0.000038543014,0.000018382469],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021712626,0.00031176815,0.0002430935,0.00017217874,0.00029336667,0.00038463183,0.00038683115,0.0004607271,0.00049794914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025828354,0.00013842623,0.00025710178,0.00011178029,0.00024187236,0.00045940728,0.00025604427,0.0004763519,0.00020960711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000113690985,0.000016724902,0.000093772076,0.000030071133,0.0000019396143,0.000020262429,0.000008310483,0.00011498293,0.99746037,0.000039596467,0.000015153038,0.0021874588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032281237,0.000079247744,0.00044404046,0.0000011380907,0.0000024300646,0.00003183872,0.000005438601,0.0009831439,0.9980247,0.000015882035,0.00040654093,0.0000024231108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008748927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001722942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008748927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031550697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023211981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022891164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045040119","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.024","title":"Effect of bio-mediated route synthesized silver nanoparticles for modification of polyethersulfone membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Silver nanoparticle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Crystallinity; Bovine serum albumin; Nanoparticle; Nanocomposite; Surface modification; Permeation; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.005565688545241906,"score_gpt":0.2060119036831881,"score_spread":0.2004462151379462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045040119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99530643,0.00081820023,0.0021542166,0.000078349294,0.000070269845,0.000014993351,0.000046139852,0.00009173398,0.0014196815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960626,0.00038289046,0.0015962187,0.000047286183,0.000010983684,0.000012876299,0.00004845142,0.000020828365,0.0018178099],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985826,0.000021987733,0.00001362071,0.000033060613,0.000039137343,0.000033964647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988186,0.000028225291,0.000037305523,0.00001033208,0.000027093614,0.000015217633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019124303,0.00049207633,0.00024266605,0.00013541112,0.00013969935,0.0002267697,0.00028781398,0.00063300296,0.0010065391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023094186,0.00023066853,0.0003466883,0.000073806186,0.00017516222,0.00027399088,0.00015392817,0.0004014642,0.00028409998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068140165,0.000011456652,0.000017607112,0.000045727378,0.0000052114665,0.000030905747,0.000010890744,0.00004822341,0.99928963,0.000029391022,0.00002325866,0.0004195008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036700158,0.000059169175,0.00010804119,0.0000014365603,0.000005212156,0.000018935172,0.000004020734,0.00019635395,0.99940085,0.000005106447,0.00019534536,0.000001889802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032812066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006107154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010065391,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019874262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014800462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033672452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045257750","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00457-9","title":"Fluid mechanics and mass transport in centrifugal membrane separation","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Membrane; Mechanics; Centrifugal force; Separation process; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.009811972892396485,"score_gpt":0.24799440788508753,"score_spread":0.23818243499269104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045257750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8634293,0.005504542,0.09447963,0.008601925,0.0009727029,0.00012717307,0.0001629711,0.00016241318,0.026559353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9840551,0.0014276785,0.003226541,0.00021806514,0.00038155296,0.00007483296,0.000055414468,0.000056038487,0.010504773],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997497,0.00006914141,0.000008987335,0.000042924406,0.00009131768,0.00003796373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996362,0.00019428745,0.00004596955,0.000019495217,0.00006596091,0.00003802812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046922133,0.00049886224,0.0005903848,0.00090104743,0.0013860962,0.0013428542,0.0010564523,0.0015336461,0.0017358118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017670508,0.0005379233,0.00041406008,0.0004321824,0.0017431622,0.0026058843,0.0010046881,0.001117072,0.00032802744],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055414625,0.00067528075,0.0037687905,0.00033363674,0.000065796725,0.0009833798,0.0006899839,0.2878698,0.20362376,0.46404472,0.0043579307,0.03303272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007346131,0.00013113605,0.004911252,0.00001577713,0.0000177763,0.0001617425,0.00016617877,0.93651,0.015142811,0.039789736,0.0029960214,0.00008410478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004587997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017010416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004587997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013188029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008345819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009568572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045606472","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.015","title":"Assessing the role of feed water constituents in irreversible membrane fouling of pilot-scale ultrafiltration drinking water treatment systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Particulates; Chemistry; Colloid; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Organic matter; Water treatment; Sedimentation; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05955788010983292,"score_gpt":0.3243711227991246,"score_spread":0.2648132426892917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045606472","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99924314,0.00011619334,0.00038168806,0.000011471458,0.0000038234057,0.000009347805,0.00003483152,0.000004411688,0.00019512947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860495,0.00022013756,0.00061248656,0.0000132612395,0.0000021639935,0.0000070067604,0.00006037657,0.0000053789854,0.0004742384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995264,0.00011146374,0.000035387224,0.000055156663,0.00019667287,0.000074920834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941564,0.00023309705,0.00008855141,0.000028580967,0.00019472105,0.00003950181],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072057324,0.00030067828,0.00028919696,0.00027235656,0.00038981807,0.0007128898,0.0003128898,0.0007158724,0.00039091974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014114508,0.00016631164,0.00039302197,0.00024700622,0.00027501732,0.00054365536,0.0002494974,0.00049033266,0.00011149605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008741761,0.00019263529,0.0059020366,0.00012161886,0.000028867653,0.000049049882,0.00008954563,0.0010825628,0.98349285,0.00006211044,0.00003349735,0.008071129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008210651,0.00070061453,0.0076960037,0.0000049677546,0.000027919155,0.000019323512,0.0000531913,0.0019716541,0.9893087,0.000021372456,0.00018091241,0.000007088251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007644597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008055702,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007644597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010000641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066890666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015200198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045969809","doi":"10.1515/jnetdy.2004.055","title":"Modelling mass transport through a porous partition: Effect of pore size distribution","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":177,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Merck Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Knudsen diffusion; Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Porosity; Knudsen number; Permeation; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Microporous material; Knudsen flow; Chemical engineering; Gaseous diffusion; Water vapor; Diffusion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008360935498397256,"score_gpt":0.23344334713573106,"score_spread":0.2250824116373338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045969809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85930115,0.0010543583,0.13646288,0.00021800597,0.000025140178,0.0001166972,0.00022233819,0.00014770236,0.002451709],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98671013,0.0008282637,0.01085131,0.0000116846795,0.000007922636,0.000089511355,0.00008473698,0.000022443044,0.001394027],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986064,0.000035429624,0.0000061043897,0.000026389167,0.000040883104,0.000030566374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908495,0.00073447515,0.00007000084,0.000024879242,0.00006187316,0.000023712877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035455736,0.0006096393,0.0007432303,0.00036535974,0.0004222977,0.0007831241,0.0007035942,0.0014935518,0.00056202116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001244234,0.00031979725,0.00072149024,0.00039571003,0.0005986178,0.001164006,0.00042320826,0.0005245391,0.00013316759],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001750049,0.00012247749,0.0016061276,0.00031791985,0.000033752465,0.000203207,0.0000785667,0.90345085,0.083638966,0.004674885,0.000077098084,0.0056211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017919954,0.00009159834,0.00030654183,0.000004107169,0.000011429408,0.000040022496,0.00001137262,0.9816373,0.017125396,0.0005471507,0.00019920862,0.000008014497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00735544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002706659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00735544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00090965297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008205969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014625251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045997135","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22125","title":"Water and nutrients recovering from livestock manure by membrane processes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Digestate; Chemistry; Anaerobic digestion; Reverse osmosis; Biogas; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Membrane fouling; Manure; Effluent; Membrane technology; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chromatography; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Methane; Agronomy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004706986145849665,"score_gpt":0.16527103149142244,"score_spread":0.16056404534557278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045997135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840853,0.002081788,0.010217084,0.00013748411,0.000045507433,0.000055542776,0.00016664733,0.00013635334,0.0030743352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97923934,0.0019973612,0.013853926,0.00009620589,0.000015724212,0.000041962634,0.00026646166,0.00003792205,0.0044510127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998398,0.000019700012,0.000009225323,0.000023972634,0.000061963205,0.000045387977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999959,0.0000082600045,0.00000754039,0.000004354622,0.0000149126545,0.000006007006],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020826442,0.00034928703,0.00033679366,0.0003727974,0.00038578216,0.00055156735,0.00026928962,0.00042067765,0.00089029456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021428191,0.00012578555,0.00038517086,0.00030812706,0.000174817,0.0005168392,0.00035720842,0.0004215928,0.000455366],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052696236,0.000020387615,0.0002264025,0.00009806244,0.000004484531,0.00010103238,0.000027380222,0.00020821442,0.99151987,0.00009553883,0.00006332945,0.0075825364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059732606,0.00011537619,0.0012505468,0.000013058378,0.000012523674,0.00012818786,0.00006671548,0.001018039,0.99313414,0.00011202263,0.0041356813,0.000007692365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025497747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035504017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025497747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033885505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000347218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005069852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046410576","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.07.026","title":"Impact of protein/carbohydrate ratio in the feed wastewater on the membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane; Carbohydrate; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mixed liquor suspended solids; Hydraulic retention time; Wastewater; Activated sludge; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.026404190308969205,"score_gpt":0.2673928857971173,"score_spread":0.24098869548814808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046410576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991529,0.00030947512,0.0001779508,0.000039195467,0.000020777503,0.00000390569,0.000043845168,0.000005647978,0.00024632644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999154,0.00024341862,0.00024610342,0.00002812553,0.000007117904,0.0000033054891,0.000038299997,0.0000066350844,0.00027305147],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995315,0.00011178836,0.000053573967,0.00006267733,0.00013570295,0.00010469864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994542,0.00025124833,0.00007152857,0.00002109263,0.000113331844,0.00008867255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056674634,0.00034625165,0.0005193091,0.0002609265,0.0003803973,0.0011337461,0.0002994176,0.00067406264,0.0007717733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010075355,0.0002938392,0.0003831015,0.00030544936,0.00038051486,0.0005240443,0.00029684216,0.0005747834,0.00022006877],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015913739,0.00011314234,0.0008285467,0.000075779,0.000021411846,0.000082627965,0.000032970038,0.0004909061,0.9946801,0.000038507813,0.000046041434,0.0019984348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016336762,0.0003054554,0.0022594142,0.000005325936,0.000027508686,0.000037246522,0.000045732373,0.0011213582,0.99598205,0.000017926639,0.00017238146,0.0000091534375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002564198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018783797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002564198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072825444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005889129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052838326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046851172","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00307-2","title":"The effect of heat-treatment on the ultrafiltration performance of polyethersulfone (PES) hollow-fiber membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fiber; Spinning; Materials science; Composite material; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010338545346608717,"score_gpt":0.2338633692253931,"score_spread":0.2235248238787844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046851172","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99891686,0.00040079918,0.00034139742,0.00002130828,0.000015574253,0.000003797255,0.00006646228,0.000011536743,0.00022217781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991918,0.00016039163,0.00022829577,0.000012838215,0.0000068586805,0.0000033484257,0.00007542927,0.000007135988,0.00031383277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997285,0.00004791701,0.000025660825,0.000044265136,0.00007341339,0.00008029213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993649,0.00031958145,0.00010924037,0.00004530075,0.00011787719,0.000043194177],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004338978,0.00033909047,0.00026709674,0.00019244592,0.00028522138,0.0003989898,0.00021133655,0.0005373345,0.000903699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008093486,0.00020721344,0.0003949623,0.00020108485,0.00041278926,0.0007338879,0.00015654664,0.0003984584,0.00022271388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008083933,0.000046241246,0.00066156813,0.000056564073,0.000014909223,0.000045133682,0.000045597728,0.00036782364,0.99578285,0.000035242116,0.000036115453,0.002099529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060718394,0.00019576815,0.0041788435,0.0000024390217,0.000010125191,0.000026045873,0.000014246559,0.0004891189,0.9949303,0.000011753742,0.00012804479,0.0000072658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013426674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012227637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013426674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044172702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020509897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032050014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046858768","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2010.04.028","title":"Impact of molecular weight distribution of soluble microbial products on fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Fraction (chemistry); Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Size-exclusion chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Molar mass distribution; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008450895964917535,"score_gpt":0.2649767645592675,"score_spread":0.25652586859434995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046858768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993806,0.00013347792,0.00028432958,0.000016875356,0.00000525344,0.0000024292156,0.000019285499,0.000005701707,0.00015214656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99934286,0.00013225687,0.00023085791,0.000015066537,0.000005869117,0.0000027686017,0.000026644651,0.000008485456,0.00023513945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968827,0.00006295941,0.00003152758,0.00005183722,0.0000879603,0.0000774586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935514,0.0002372403,0.00017379348,0.000031398482,0.00011568643,0.00008672078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039185662,0.00035387673,0.00030361649,0.0002615666,0.0002701833,0.000901735,0.00022717264,0.00043305958,0.00057410996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00088030467,0.00026874716,0.00023430063,0.0002595024,0.00029080862,0.0005373975,0.00026170307,0.00041538646,0.00019137053],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009239855,0.000079859754,0.0005319444,0.000023749528,0.0000149377975,0.000028551392,0.00002307688,0.0005608556,0.99630225,0.000043273565,0.000015708127,0.0014518038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018477587,0.0003610689,0.0019281955,0.0000026278192,0.000018699602,0.00002171626,0.000024034247,0.0012151992,0.9962681,0.000017711573,0.00011924902,0.0000049645832],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016015155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010129436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016015155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005736172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031117603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004161954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046885163","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.069","title":"The importance of fluid dynamics for MBR fouling mitigation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Air sparging; Fluid dynamics; Sparging; Computational fluid dynamics; Eddy; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Environmental science; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental remediation; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.029815070743566662,"score_gpt":0.2992724143529354,"score_spread":0.26945734360936874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046885163","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00013660318,0.99865294,0.00032471216,0.00016812126,0.00014602882,0.0000023613536,0.000012635469,0.000004990602,0.00055163365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010340628,0.99777645,0.00042881607,0.00010659314,0.00017891916,0.000003598188,0.000021980783,0.000001962748,0.00044761476],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999754,0.000027463067,0.00003139487,0.000056206827,0.000108116066,0.000022823488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993156,0.00031119335,0.000114751194,0.000022911705,0.00019885741,0.000036791098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087026495,0.0013811365,0.001911399,0.0019391516,0.00030760726,0.0012198136,0.0008427154,0.0015696753,0.0021593608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093396805,0.00043608324,0.00054545986,0.0026619101,0.0006398229,0.002144846,0.00084604765,0.0017454803,0.0014996413],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007132092,0.00006713246,0.00014480628,0.017640712,0.00008687528,0.0001375262,0.00003154138,0.0007529382,0.007975876,0.0030870552,0.012051051,0.9579533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020381734,0.00015286506,0.0008426242,0.0025557382,0.00022595505,0.00078604417,0.00006108381,0.00052377186,0.005252022,0.0025820497,0.9869506,0.0000469462],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013463623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002427393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021593608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006214796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010810791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007223785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047063048","doi":"10.1002/jctb.1455","title":"Performance analysis of an integrated tangential microfilter‐fermenter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Industrial fermentation; Volumetric flow rate; Rotational speed; Chromatography; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Materials science; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chemistry; Yeast; Fermentation; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.005604811314804363,"score_gpt":0.22616128796719934,"score_spread":0.22055647665239497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047063048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98512655,0.00037202754,0.013257577,0.000040700925,0.00004004123,0.000049987517,0.00031793173,0.0004670322,0.00032812502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98470205,0.00024974628,0.01281045,0.000044477292,0.00001628976,0.000037840702,0.0006038644,0.000043047494,0.0014921348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997055,0.000028379302,0.000023726927,0.00007481365,0.000121875295,0.00004560397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997161,0.000050197537,0.000060236303,0.000034263852,0.000089962465,0.000049294467],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005217412,0.0005939292,0.00047565158,0.00029890393,0.00026740786,0.0006357945,0.000531221,0.0004053946,0.0010037965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004289154,0.00016995551,0.0003498429,0.00022580096,0.0001229852,0.00033818505,0.00026573602,0.00023732372,0.0005082999],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035797356,0.00008198431,0.0012887111,0.00004193255,0.000012066904,0.000020025429,0.00002183026,0.0003528054,0.9917209,0.000029801686,0.000073965144,0.0059980717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000049183505,0.001099665,0.011405046,0.0000065564186,0.00007374867,0.0001353058,0.00001861297,0.0058141993,0.97984236,0.000016724449,0.0015231248,0.000015460624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016414946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009783118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016414946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005724977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053612125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004153788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047318575","doi":"10.1002/app.24853","title":"Characterization of surface‐modified hollow fiber polyethersulfone membranes prepared at different air gaps","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Contact angle; Membrane; Polyethylene; Spinning; Composite material; Surface roughness; Morphology (biology); Fiber; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.010970450531116836,"score_gpt":0.23650430339698936,"score_spread":0.22553385286587252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047318575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967638,0.0004946515,0.0024021706,0.000019477893,0.000012929642,0.000010213977,0.00009499555,0.000028957282,0.0001727606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939236,0.00045892812,0.004609302,0.000026004063,0.000009428455,0.000025726536,0.0002897,0.000023311892,0.0006338522],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998029,0.000027996432,0.00001777065,0.00004086413,0.00006696813,0.000043507942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960047,0.00010041712,0.00010948808,0.00002741416,0.00010405227,0.000058200727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000404329,0.0004364315,0.00033242835,0.00022622288,0.00015805251,0.00026736298,0.00022347814,0.00050154707,0.0003491872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005759949,0.00015275509,0.0002832672,0.00018344141,0.00025972273,0.00049346784,0.00015863168,0.0003435636,0.00018954546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002335095,0.0000030778442,0.00004933219,0.000015214531,0.0000018064765,0.000014540128,0.000008876852,0.00002575991,0.9996427,0.000008324219,0.0000023896896,0.00020458702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033653266,0.000072173636,0.0017013765,0.0000026418581,0.0000059217405,0.000036157973,0.000013239029,0.00023674915,0.9977143,0.000009648192,0.00020093906,0.000003428045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035668473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003155807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00050154707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021007871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014999966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021383166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047539919","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2010.023","title":"Review of the performance of full-scale MBR plants: design, operation and on-site experimental data","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Process engineering","score_opus":0.022956210892333812,"score_gpt":0.2847747302042631,"score_spread":0.2618185193119293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047539919","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.026446179,0.9664639,0.0030085938,0.00025445255,0.00012953128,0.00011466462,0.00073230115,0.00006155473,0.0027888652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03259546,0.96030843,0.004524266,0.00019837778,0.00007916618,0.00008112359,0.0009448644,0.000022502856,0.0012458609],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897087,0.0001754096,0.0002654751,0.00015753543,0.00039094427,0.000039851373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99537045,0.0018872235,0.00071758026,0.000194424,0.0017156446,0.00011472123],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019003944,0.00067894126,0.0018291849,0.002093412,0.00025616,0.0009623781,0.0013425658,0.00069722603,0.0017857398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029327285,0.00037402267,0.0006880911,0.0032770014,0.0002640885,0.0012372001,0.00031478982,0.00034052154,0.00096446025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007857756,0.0002962641,0.0010962337,0.13115682,0.0005540268,0.00032808507,0.00019804394,0.0026408753,0.088144794,0.0007248745,0.0065964926,0.76747775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012444961,0.0068631982,0.03380706,0.021598063,0.003787701,0.00259782,0.0004535131,0.0015088412,0.14189893,0.00076794706,0.786394,0.00019845879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022814872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003329245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022814872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000876986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022818183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010050356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048356239","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22092","title":"Cross flow microfiltration of starch nanocrystal suspensions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Fouling; Suspension (topology); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Particle size; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007886460232198179,"score_gpt":0.2036183856560351,"score_spread":0.1957319254238369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048356239","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99397165,0.00039153016,0.0050070165,0.000026823654,0.000022545579,0.000023397613,0.000087034714,0.000103124316,0.00036699782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98888636,0.0005307864,0.008919685,0.000036965335,0.000018796774,0.00004579203,0.0002144344,0.000038857554,0.0013084107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975127,0.000039644434,0.000022207529,0.00007196543,0.00007719401,0.000037700913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996326,0.00017685961,0.000093495626,0.000023756375,0.000054737004,0.000018473254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004028422,0.00043304428,0.0004316513,0.00029843865,0.00017442986,0.00029431077,0.00017399083,0.00032578816,0.00049743225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035007982,0.00012830355,0.00042148368,0.00028581618,0.00016479606,0.00026829043,0.00023802371,0.0005267198,0.00013896132],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029220644,0.000015197584,0.00013397458,0.000021521615,0.000005766851,0.000018570036,0.00002700605,0.00006913944,0.9984236,0.000026559865,0.00001857255,0.001210889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025542047,0.00010929601,0.0010629572,0.0000022321126,0.00000688415,0.000019409335,0.000008000245,0.0010246991,0.9974796,0.000008013623,0.00027346463,0.0000029485868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016040365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009276687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016040365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003413764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001848487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003189385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048464827","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.053","title":"Novel porous composite hydrophobic/hydrophilic polysulfone membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Desalination; Materials science; Solvent; Synthetic membrane; Porosity; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011836823262505299,"score_gpt":0.25787992575233554,"score_spread":0.24604310248983025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048464827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98583126,0.0016109996,0.010482409,0.00010910198,0.00008505084,0.000027546343,0.00010832958,0.00017506724,0.0015701527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99286675,0.0005884265,0.004398839,0.00004083699,0.00002180298,0.00001785498,0.00007712552,0.000019493507,0.0019688488],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999032,0.0000069721546,0.000006060691,0.00001759747,0.00004100167,0.000025135052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988484,0.00003251963,0.000023448913,0.000010034663,0.000025682075,0.00002352505],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017405888,0.00033092478,0.0003108629,0.00020022983,0.00020689145,0.00030281025,0.0002945561,0.00038788837,0.00068797107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016450215,0.00020743265,0.00023602978,0.00016179337,0.00027879517,0.00062893686,0.00031738833,0.00037860087,0.0002583434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073183495,0.000010635961,0.000053769123,0.0000563602,0.000003973546,0.00004441505,0.000016157033,0.00011122707,0.9967423,0.00015395692,0.000056153916,0.0026779533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010477662,0.00008071242,0.0005734156,0.0000016555304,0.0000064152346,0.00007279164,0.000008871464,0.00092744967,0.99743015,0.000036032205,0.00084651384,0.0000055247265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052450335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001618012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00068797107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029814374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032474223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023014545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048595614","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1150","title":"Wastewater Minimisation Using a Heuristic Procedure","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Minimisation (clinical trials); STREAMS; Heuristic; Wastewater; Process engineering; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.011381563372162411,"score_gpt":0.24011611118152879,"score_spread":0.22873454780936636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048595614","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00948204,0.00018421284,0.9863027,0.00006664866,0.000029666973,0.00022258189,0.00004529346,0.00026510842,0.0034018545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1348565,0.00020227308,0.86137015,0.00009473697,0.000032878706,0.0005644732,0.00012760561,0.00006649166,0.0026848759],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922085,0.00031962557,0.00004854136,0.00013528638,0.00017759365,0.00009796744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993673,0.00041041273,0.000053105145,0.00005203248,0.00009832702,0.000018798191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011007603,0.0012537511,0.0013229796,0.0017923419,0.00064756087,0.0010081999,0.001359173,0.0016486752,0.004436498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019157914,0.0005730884,0.0012838562,0.00095581793,0.00083282037,0.0005519226,0.0009342907,0.0011037893,0.00057744305],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019126211,0.00022040098,0.00032929593,0.00038875398,0.00010984243,0.00020179237,0.000095528914,0.77236515,0.014289116,0.021784363,0.001857656,0.18816686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009910113,0.00021167276,0.00018170699,0.000039671864,0.00003553864,0.00010226137,0.00002845128,0.9799499,0.0068045184,0.009400172,0.0031159567,0.00003112473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001956869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020471555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004436498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007170581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015699025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014841557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048743770","doi":"10.1016/j.jprocont.2012.10.001","title":"Fouling control and optimization of a drinking water membrane filtration process with real-time model parameter adaptation using fluorescence and permeate flux measurements","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Process Control","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Extended Kalman filter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Kalman filter; Permeation; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biological system; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Control theory (sociology); Chromatography; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Control (management); Statistics","score_opus":0.02805906770756437,"score_gpt":0.25384584054439546,"score_spread":0.2257867728368311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048743770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9440904,0.00010331847,0.054979738,0.000084616724,0.000012789989,0.00002902485,0.00003855629,0.00019506061,0.00046639214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947189,0.000027382013,0.004995827,0.0000045480147,0.0000011805155,0.00001733402,0.000015941154,0.000007440807,0.00021142188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999813,0.000037920723,0.000014007552,0.000048525348,0.0000527608,0.0000336421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974185,0.000120132834,0.000040866238,0.000017948361,0.00006385082,0.000015249713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052741077,0.00069058064,0.0007090184,0.00027660982,0.00044598788,0.00077346375,0.0003557071,0.00067227177,0.00019692197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008100839,0.00028176207,0.0005771489,0.000216459,0.0003204947,0.00040731946,0.00035604398,0.00043744117,0.00006096186],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008803278,0.00049454207,0.003669007,0.00015473715,0.00007853567,0.00009827545,0.00015830122,0.40992454,0.5425398,0.00031150263,0.00015946872,0.04153107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003535527,0.0003630387,0.0034469883,0.0000032881826,0.00004584086,0.000019876361,0.000027636048,0.8025132,0.19315487,0.00013296524,0.00022866113,0.000028271676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00809293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004582454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00809293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007467708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005639295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016091645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048820777","doi":"10.1021/es902145g","title":"Development of a Novel Submerged Membrane Electro-Bioreactor (SMEBR): Performance for Fouling Reduction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":213,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Bioreactor; Biofouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.011155394951985148,"score_gpt":0.23288745011584097,"score_spread":0.22173205516385583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048820777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78094506,0.0035037543,0.21176356,0.0005942308,0.00018360285,0.00025586376,0.0004410477,0.0010698185,0.0012431552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7788972,0.0021918833,0.21462533,0.00023644236,0.000064871085,0.00019907711,0.0007373001,0.000083528714,0.0029642505],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996784,0.000032312055,0.000031662315,0.000074143405,0.00015029906,0.00003318619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997936,0.000030696563,0.000038800612,0.000013720891,0.000074395044,0.00004880063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060761074,0.00058454985,0.00086002424,0.000285011,0.0002682436,0.00046134455,0.0006708964,0.00095852965,0.00039593945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035491903,0.00030628862,0.0006000089,0.0001766993,0.00019233218,0.0005304759,0.0004149618,0.0008016301,0.000517392],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011041395,0.000009946533,0.00002783117,0.000029473218,0.0000021422527,0.000013136438,0.0000028416584,0.00005066067,0.9987698,0.000012533991,0.000012210666,0.0010583336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011506643,0.00023144111,0.00062604557,0.000003071792,0.000012073011,0.00019001222,0.000005036736,0.0015375125,0.9963211,0.0000141561795,0.0010416926,0.0000063347675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007282999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001101182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095852965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034366004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053225947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032134056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049420487","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2010.087","title":"Hybrid membrane process: Performance evaluation of biological PAC","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Engineering; Archaeology; Geography","score_opus":0.05004199441374152,"score_gpt":0.3379815138130688,"score_spread":0.28793951939932727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049420487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889557,0.0021499882,0.007579621,0.000079127676,0.00004301113,0.000038878963,0.00016100043,0.0000831117,0.00090955617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98544353,0.0014624445,0.010956463,0.000059687678,0.00002382995,0.000054959917,0.00029825745,0.000022179189,0.0016785616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996841,0.0000405473,0.000024710165,0.00008367238,0.00012451237,0.000042487896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998989,0.000016928929,0.000022660024,0.000007605968,0.000039426537,0.000014483231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003297702,0.0004721698,0.00055252865,0.00023404788,0.0002194335,0.00059749477,0.0003683111,0.00065379404,0.0004939076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025481006,0.0001360475,0.0004852127,0.00032495623,0.00014829295,0.00066479185,0.00038800543,0.0004460732,0.00029570833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008536506,0.00004453704,0.0001552762,0.000114926035,0.000014617101,0.0000362557,0.000013911257,0.0002605555,0.996121,0.000039866743,0.0000204084,0.003093197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010049858,0.0003838444,0.0011760339,0.0000046700316,0.000027738282,0.00013219383,0.00002186093,0.0019752712,0.9948926,0.000020546982,0.0013462139,0.000008913783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011429482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010989419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011429482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041064378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026349418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029794574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050738506","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2010.11.002","title":"Investigation of the sorption properties of β-cyclodextrin-based polyurethanes with phenolic dyes and naphthenates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Saskatchewan Health Authority; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Sorption; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Copolymer; Nuclear chemistry; Cyclodextrin; Sorbent; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01050989652050593,"score_gpt":0.21010023664345137,"score_spread":0.19959034012294544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050738506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994748,0.00009160104,0.00019634377,0.000005169014,0.0000026929176,0.000002807743,0.000013656163,0.0000023456103,0.0002105509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987232,0.00017162084,0.000279395,0.000008311615,0.0000023036432,0.0000041254234,0.000033164662,0.000002575206,0.0007752972],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998827,0.000018731776,0.0000060896627,0.000017247192,0.000039362334,0.000035866342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998312,0.00007231643,0.000025845928,0.000010420932,0.000040100727,0.000020077297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017399216,0.00021114603,0.0001450574,0.000120751385,0.00018308932,0.00015361424,0.00012441515,0.00021046687,0.00079082884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027808134,0.00012485727,0.0001938522,0.00012354764,0.00018958125,0.00029987496,0.00011622117,0.00026001234,0.0001746837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012305127,0.000028017346,0.00029526462,0.000025809853,0.000004785374,0.000029236358,0.000025331365,0.00012176194,0.99867564,0.000027827697,0.000007522838,0.0006356861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027722938,0.00020570391,0.0033718823,0.0000017992272,0.0000068155414,0.000044516804,0.000039250288,0.0010541469,0.99505323,0.00001057517,0.00020509938,0.000004275649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012014814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011957119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012014814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013642773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001956327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026456118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051173993","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2049","title":"Elaboration of Superhydrophobic Nanoporous Ceramic Membranes - Application to Desalination","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Contact angle; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Nanoporous; Wetting; Ceramic; Raman spectroscopy; Desalination; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0029909855986522014,"score_gpt":0.24639449377347375,"score_spread":0.24340350817482154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051173993","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94853365,0.0034109142,0.042855237,0.00029756283,0.000112602254,0.0001354915,0.0004170092,0.00034282112,0.003894621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648085,0.0028706533,0.02944609,0.00007618343,0.000033666878,0.000043845197,0.00035960213,0.000031191103,0.002330155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990225,0.000008385301,0.0000071216314,0.000015550506,0.00004629604,0.000020463378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992776,0.000012970138,0.000015793805,0.00000918886,0.000016328164,0.000018066701],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017096224,0.0002241542,0.00021254217,0.00021718442,0.00014565131,0.00017629442,0.00019831445,0.0002860896,0.00056142843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001709748,0.00018140288,0.00037967056,0.00012927619,0.00018086212,0.0002834674,0.0002705065,0.00034997085,0.00031609889],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055424025,0.000002922396,0.000019933677,0.000036059788,0.0000022815495,0.000028705535,0.00000596183,0.000037839054,0.998988,0.0000657164,0.000013910921,0.0007931868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038054911,0.000049516402,0.00051093294,0.0000025549057,0.0000069737516,0.00021081985,0.000010020973,0.00047220843,0.99641645,0.000056827117,0.0022552458,0.0000046098294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023565654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00060607365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056142843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018312754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013894051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018781424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051447083","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.023","title":"Pulse bubble sparging for fouling control","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Fouling; Air sparging; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Mechanics; Materials science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Environmental remediation; Physics; Contamination","score_opus":0.011630084984299616,"score_gpt":0.2645188729779491,"score_spread":0.2528887879936495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051447083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7798684,0.011624183,0.19814058,0.0005987663,0.0004225292,0.00009967591,0.00027343817,0.0014158533,0.00755661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707652,0.0026222444,0.020848958,0.00017786406,0.00005154214,0.000021498976,0.0001385874,0.00007826814,0.0052959127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986804,0.000014113426,0.000005861426,0.00002605616,0.00006726374,0.000018725998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985254,0.000048189504,0.000018586186,0.000021046311,0.00004431967,0.000015228192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019686134,0.00023310719,0.0002939339,0.00022597649,0.00029523481,0.00040198042,0.00041015237,0.0003575846,0.0011672921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023727733,0.00015332113,0.00018588109,0.00025332274,0.00024735805,0.0004910972,0.00024376216,0.0006314083,0.0002725114],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012198293,0.00002588581,0.00014557861,0.00007637648,0.0000070065307,0.000028692959,0.000020863445,0.00034197795,0.9759651,0.00046156638,0.00024182424,0.022563267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003954287,0.00009637276,0.00035966857,0.0000023570728,0.000008382218,0.000041450356,0.000006243612,0.003121873,0.9940591,0.00008288163,0.0022143675,0.000003427605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013823517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023866051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013823517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034820221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003166183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039049983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051687780","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.003","title":"Effect of hydraulically reversible and hydraulically irreversible fouling on the removal of MS2 and φX174 bacteriophage by an ultrafiltration membrane","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020520245179293076,"score_gpt":0.2897919073429774,"score_spread":0.2692716621636843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051687780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992084,0.00021370115,0.00024730075,0.000022365026,0.000016398471,0.0000035024445,0.000040075407,0.000009930565,0.00023820632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860495,0.0002029854,0.0004765013,0.000026561724,0.000010826615,0.0000054165325,0.000071951355,0.0000068021395,0.000594032],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997055,0.00005351149,0.00002915524,0.00004108859,0.00007368855,0.00009701977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958843,0.00019371684,0.00006403657,0.000028391867,0.000066891545,0.000058604714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004678607,0.00036328466,0.00032869642,0.00015258069,0.0003537715,0.0003664295,0.00031251778,0.00046800764,0.0007214401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008241353,0.00021664897,0.00032477226,0.00020097848,0.00033696726,0.00041443878,0.00016932774,0.00047350235,0.00012748476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059101766,0.000051784875,0.00025562756,0.000070284645,0.000019842986,0.000045535853,0.000054313736,0.00016101255,0.9976012,0.000044003442,0.000028332019,0.0010770459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015234955,0.00032178708,0.0022312454,0.0000040210953,0.000017310218,0.000031980293,0.000027433536,0.00047231573,0.99659723,0.0000108903705,0.0002596663,0.000010772531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029993327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024756396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029993327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045113644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045557728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059637427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052244331","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00494-x","title":"Flow visualization through spacer filled channels by computational fluid dynamics I.☆Pressure drop and shear rate calculations for flat sheet geometry","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Drag; Flow visualization; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Open-channel flow; Geometry; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.013522196905496971,"score_gpt":0.28159462836256943,"score_spread":0.26807243145707244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052244331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9016906,0.00033039448,0.089336924,0.00027144092,0.000054802695,0.000058740006,0.00061178324,0.0009287508,0.0067164693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801195,0.00019888903,0.018419838,0.000014620701,0.000005360538,0.000022463917,0.00016093951,0.000044207107,0.001014145],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995685,0.0000064783067,0.000002875019,0.0000060118127,0.00001866191,0.000009110646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990165,0.000050914106,0.0000087061,0.0000074966297,0.000020529631,0.000010694459],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011043896,0.00025982698,0.0003386169,0.00025197185,0.00035770886,0.00052879984,0.00036033953,0.000382488,0.0015499442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030431693,0.00017699997,0.00026400114,0.0002136562,0.00026411167,0.00034729432,0.00022656351,0.0002984995,0.00013282783],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039847783,0.00017418637,0.0032927764,0.00013377589,0.000025986472,0.00037823652,0.00022656997,0.72510666,0.23015705,0.011176851,0.001662993,0.0272664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019423394,0.000021510219,0.00062113884,0.000004876542,0.0000021722788,0.000019378804,0.000012591414,0.9812337,0.017013786,0.0006059129,0.000435712,0.000009771018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049646026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025844616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0049646026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045621587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057046604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009871364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052594635","doi":"10.5539/apr.v1n2p53","title":"Study on the Experiment of Concentrating Coking Wastewaters by Air-blowing Vacuum Membrane Distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Distillation; Wastewater; Concentration polarization; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.06862037843803082,"score_gpt":0.350534936869632,"score_spread":0.2819145584316012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052594635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99186593,0.00031458095,0.005982218,0.000122033336,0.00004593517,0.00006031843,0.00009348575,0.00008466015,0.0014308245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925579,0.0003124939,0.005511061,0.000064050495,0.000011814571,0.00005904537,0.0000959956,0.000017963497,0.0013697511],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995846,0.00006792343,0.000023309989,0.00009275659,0.00015515907,0.00007616413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996183,0.00017224083,0.000024981231,0.00004735399,0.000111015885,0.00002601792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000455569,0.00035822313,0.00069560163,0.00019638702,0.0006431644,0.0004097635,0.000450978,0.0007185058,0.001773785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007924983,0.0002071996,0.00042517227,0.00026019613,0.0003533857,0.0005640492,0.00033615212,0.000530957,0.00024130526],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044852935,0.0001794038,0.0010314586,0.00027474665,0.000012291444,0.00011596608,0.00020610787,0.0013120943,0.9888222,0.00029172728,0.000115160234,0.0071902773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040989413,0.00084628037,0.0029537748,0.00000969081,0.000028361172,0.000059568418,0.00015719577,0.010441745,0.98399526,0.00011799531,0.0013295675,0.00001956349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018751026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012658408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018751026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028173093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041078412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005933881},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052821867","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.058","title":"A methodological approach to scaling up fermentation and primary recovery processes to the manufacturing scale for vaccine production","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vaccine","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sanofi (Canada)","funders":"Sanofi Pasteur","keywords":"SCALE-UP; Cross-flow filtration; Fermentation; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Scaling; Mass transfer; Production (economics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Food science; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.06173825634579401,"score_gpt":0.30540548970363046,"score_spread":0.24366723335783647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052821867","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022165943,0.0014057733,0.971264,0.0016572844,0.00053459674,0.0008164744,0.00018736675,0.0002517535,0.0017168006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.096071646,0.0029817412,0.89668125,0.00041750877,0.00011975827,0.0011780307,0.00027328887,0.00010216851,0.0021746194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964386,0.0012259037,0.00037866895,0.0005984854,0.0011727479,0.00018554523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99679285,0.00079823035,0.00036381237,0.0009367336,0.0010040144,0.00010435384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051424084,0.0011465756,0.0012946819,0.0013725675,0.0020125639,0.0030624457,0.0020859763,0.00144587,0.0015828016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008951261,0.0007871422,0.0016761794,0.0012122806,0.0020603803,0.0025162129,0.0020227039,0.0052673416,0.001285516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022413154,0.00070240645,0.0012643214,0.0011700658,0.00015097646,0.00035606345,0.0004821647,0.003103447,0.85861284,0.049047336,0.0010543464,0.08383189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009688275,0.0010833236,0.0016301923,0.00019956568,0.00020302355,0.0008298161,0.00040290892,0.011793064,0.9157258,0.027972603,0.039935414,0.00012738933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019460067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003512493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051424084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018797535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005569883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02719599},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053810361","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.031","title":"Removal of phenol from synthetic waste water using Gemini micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (GMEUF)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Phenol; Membrane; Chromatography; Micelle; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Ammonium bromide; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018478745722669974,"score_gpt":0.24264252309725118,"score_spread":0.2241637773745812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053810361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995824,0.0005011406,0.0031897146,0.000036478403,0.000012409896,0.000007719713,0.000055307766,0.000051812403,0.00032146965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940844,0.00039004505,0.0040139616,0.000023162167,0.00000430372,0.0000043887785,0.000112636764,0.000011002611,0.0013561726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988663,0.000011948046,0.000007813051,0.000019335163,0.000038931663,0.000035192155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999964,0.0000046588902,0.000009475339,0.0000030297308,0.000011583813,0.0000073836104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018160277,0.0002844146,0.00022299413,0.00021957872,0.00017723048,0.00023302253,0.00018299786,0.00030639875,0.00023764049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121504345,0.00010103808,0.00030389597,0.00016040627,0.00010959132,0.0002885085,0.0001905419,0.00023179535,0.00012684718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008115462,0.000015187795,0.00024612137,0.0000317196,0.0000056191307,0.00003592125,0.000014500935,0.00014457555,0.99601305,0.000025557705,0.000021778575,0.0033649674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034619018,0.00005763133,0.0010110384,0.0000011977278,0.000006447798,0.00003284599,0.0000063040115,0.00058311614,0.9979583,0.000007670236,0.00032954282,0.0000024205383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026114588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002993004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026114588,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003288685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002964787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051925182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053835610","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.021","title":"Study on synthesis and physical properties of charged surface modifying macromolecules with different end-capping materials for membrane applications","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Polyol; Macromolecule; Chemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Membrane; Hydrogen bond; Polymer chemistry; Sulfonate; Ethylene glycol; Diethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Polyurethane; Molecule; Sodium","score_opus":0.03659289065591307,"score_gpt":0.22750411641741225,"score_spread":0.1909112257614992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053835610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944883,0.0014048418,0.0029822655,0.000036976555,0.000016980228,0.000019647916,0.00005513869,0.000022059403,0.00097377435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941818,0.0009169283,0.0029815794,0.000030700598,0.000011657734,0.000025789703,0.00012350461,0.000021166175,0.0017068963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998785,0.000017338598,0.000008398306,0.000029659579,0.000039230927,0.000026961246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998319,0.000049277573,0.00004139161,0.00001628769,0.000044285847,0.000016789465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022520046,0.00033618463,0.00018573899,0.00014408048,0.00019654982,0.00021876727,0.00019476484,0.0003194517,0.00095699937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003488395,0.00016983824,0.00033757222,0.0001890693,0.00016739796,0.0003805054,0.0001199069,0.00033184793,0.00020345724],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032901018,0.00000976665,0.00005440988,0.0000434833,0.000004199178,0.000025217087,0.000015375299,0.00006958851,0.99890697,0.000044280798,0.000010714145,0.0007831489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020334694,0.000074158634,0.0004824157,0.0000014748529,0.000008877162,0.000024277413,0.0000064258656,0.00026660075,0.99874204,0.0000072102234,0.0003821153,0.0000023758685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030995024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038681566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095699937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018749664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014535966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032015443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054348713","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.057","title":"The effect of fine bubble aeration intensity on membrane bioreactor sludge characteristics and fouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland; European Commission","keywords":"Aeration; Backwashing; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Flocculation; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Membrane; Particle (ecology); Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.06390517446385696,"score_gpt":0.3285048539804229,"score_spread":0.26459967951656593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054348713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988696,0.000230674,0.00043019897,0.000037137546,0.000013222178,0.00000897646,0.00007002781,0.000013265803,0.0003268502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985948,0.00015728852,0.00045620583,0.00003761387,0.000011616086,0.000007549525,0.00007763753,0.000008806378,0.00064831204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970883,0.000070625705,0.000039713894,0.000052337116,0.0000619879,0.000066499815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987608,0.0007674681,0.00014777148,0.0000692992,0.00014445081,0.00011019935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041711555,0.0002779459,0.000333806,0.0001944466,0.0001640085,0.0004314252,0.00021230214,0.0004128772,0.0009987216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012461849,0.00026593803,0.00031979635,0.00021479453,0.00032008765,0.00045829258,0.00017564824,0.00041129213,0.00016259572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019280565,0.00016155677,0.0014354045,0.000039624392,0.000015792504,0.000060986567,0.00005684627,0.00018943193,0.9936459,0.00002490222,0.000039722087,0.0024018886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018588222,0.0009849429,0.013642145,0.000003347707,0.0000320526,0.000059657224,0.000046242367,0.0007549997,0.98409665,0.000020491296,0.00032998284,0.000011025904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012603903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013815877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012603903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026019462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022143137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033410788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054609561","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.003","title":"Polyamide thin-film composite membranes based on carboxylated polysulfone microporous support membranes for forward osmosis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Microporous material; Forward osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Materials science; Concentration polarization; Reverse osmosis; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010692594985464978,"score_gpt":0.2434661545385064,"score_spread":0.2327735595530414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054609561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967219,0.004078517,0.02493275,0.0001790777,0.00018797704,0.000057111152,0.00020537214,0.00026778682,0.0028723401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795216,0.0023469042,0.015127219,0.000056548608,0.000038989132,0.000041390907,0.0001835846,0.000027461703,0.0026563974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999879,0.000010226529,0.000009396123,0.000022578637,0.000051299554,0.000027550424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998785,0.000028252827,0.000022143395,0.000007781786,0.000047491703,0.000015826983],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027590423,0.0004546016,0.000328956,0.00031120214,0.00030078265,0.0003263944,0.0003250126,0.00042612053,0.00065481773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016691438,0.0002363667,0.0003734099,0.00019862782,0.00019559952,0.0006492145,0.00019379953,0.00051993236,0.00031863502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026318561,0.0000047103267,0.000026306292,0.000046179062,0.0000028436002,0.00002156042,0.000007130576,0.0000504989,0.9986406,0.000078885125,0.000028066908,0.0010668909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027646965,0.000032502743,0.00019163995,0.0000023953442,0.0000059262948,0.000026832275,0.000004735252,0.00045481554,0.99876344,0.000020144107,0.00049166376,0.0000030953743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007208786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015463687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007208786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031919417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031870458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023159385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054894008","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.011","title":"Stirred well filtration (SWF) – A high-throughput technique for downstream bio-processing","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Downstream processing; Concentration polarization; Cross-flow filtration; Factorial experiment; Chemistry; Filter (signal processing); Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Computer science","score_opus":0.012364989380108703,"score_gpt":0.26224452760800326,"score_spread":0.24987953822789455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054894008","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4153508,0.012963025,0.5568666,0.0015385309,0.0006169299,0.0003568848,0.0020918753,0.0026086892,0.007606662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68867683,0.0087545365,0.28460124,0.00075188215,0.00032154625,0.00020429038,0.0027260066,0.00030234316,0.01366126],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991721,0.00011154852,0.000061763836,0.00016243856,0.00041600887,0.000076080876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996451,0.000085725755,0.00005881476,0.00005098738,0.00012494012,0.00003436863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088306057,0.0007675907,0.0006765801,0.0008131829,0.00061907497,0.0008867017,0.0006505597,0.0010919522,0.0010246631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048710505,0.00036557275,0.0010676602,0.000636445,0.00043261645,0.0010079546,0.0005427677,0.0013378246,0.0015693278],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046416168,0.000020662015,0.00014886372,0.000069964655,0.000014859953,0.00003272835,0.000017994544,0.00008688495,0.9915291,0.0001712666,0.00025366878,0.007607531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046865907,0.00008133045,0.0007806551,0.0000054204656,0.00001989258,0.0000959353,0.000013461728,0.0010448945,0.99361587,0.00014256062,0.004181944,0.00001330865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001286909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021224965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001286909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005103426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081321504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046700835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055272922","doi":"10.1080/09593330309385556","title":"Impact of soluble organic compounds on permeate flux in an aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Effluent; Permeation; Volatile suspended solids; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Bioreactor; Total dissolved solids; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.01154687500027029,"score_gpt":0.24809806404236853,"score_spread":0.23655118904209824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055272922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99911135,0.00028053304,0.00037975996,0.000021831303,0.000002064717,0.0000030545168,0.00006624511,0.000013222994,0.00012197177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986324,0.00031682092,0.00060777686,0.000015129462,0.0000025666434,0.0000065473064,0.0001369997,0.0000075924377,0.00027419406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996449,0.000085879896,0.000029083718,0.00005540552,0.00012480612,0.000060016184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966824,0.00012351824,0.00009807946,0.000013026639,0.00005480028,0.00004235094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003641588,0.00038268024,0.00051044277,0.00016551367,0.00022582205,0.0006740026,0.00013092875,0.0002858175,0.00027339513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006848165,0.00014231443,0.00025576344,0.0002879029,0.00023883552,0.00047900993,0.00032148405,0.00029299577,0.0000996343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036611428,0.000029776958,0.0025826732,0.000053123786,0.000016082655,0.00004685976,0.000036319496,0.00065299106,0.99344337,0.000019563287,0.00001726683,0.0027358134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012687412,0.0010799197,0.037350547,0.000011546843,0.000058124417,0.00012051013,0.000110316854,0.003929099,0.9566361,0.000038546783,0.00063451193,0.000018063756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039416812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023278873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039416812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059460715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038299797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007837474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055292517","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.455","title":"Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion: Comparison of ceramic and polymeric membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Novelis (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Emulsion; Permeation; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Penetration (warfare); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015268648529672395,"score_gpt":0.26602008834460683,"score_spread":0.2507514398149344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055292517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932287,0.0011802402,0.0048492705,0.000036055088,0.000029225741,0.000014645803,0.00007111055,0.000039488954,0.0005511034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952177,0.0008614171,0.0028888138,0.000026433258,0.000009831197,0.0000069024286,0.00009897561,0.000017635788,0.00087231584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998869,0.000012139422,0.0000071716163,0.000020077992,0.00004322053,0.00003049162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984264,0.00004595274,0.000026484699,0.0000106749985,0.000051524297,0.000022730537],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003381933,0.0002126871,0.00026875304,0.00020619841,0.00020341574,0.00031555572,0.0002237374,0.0002808269,0.00043192663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041726526,0.00008383639,0.00037426862,0.00017745471,0.00018010853,0.0004287805,0.00013898649,0.00031936888,0.000121312165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029743867,0.000019113158,0.00019242399,0.000053713484,0.0000069214557,0.000022424918,0.000023572895,0.000098202705,0.9953206,0.0000546997,0.000022987073,0.003887902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002210497,0.00040372045,0.0047955015,0.0000051377347,0.000024837058,0.00009658351,0.000026047863,0.000997005,0.9929275,0.000040170646,0.0006542623,0.0000070480264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026658867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031120928,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026658867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034982225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030139464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053007007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056305974","doi":"10.1021/ie010553y","title":"Preparation and Characterization of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes for Membrane Distillation","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":351,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Dimethylacetamide; Solvent; Fluoride; Distillation; Casting; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.05585272289288166,"score_gpt":0.3233510871121587,"score_spread":0.26749836421927703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056305974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84255725,0.006585595,0.13493346,0.000627799,0.00019684651,0.0010058429,0.0061100447,0.00073237927,0.0072507737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8082815,0.009590856,0.16056727,0.00023295546,0.000120132914,0.0014668747,0.010282982,0.00038606275,0.009071399],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953413,0.00004939254,0.00004773389,0.00006485695,0.00021737073,0.00008653018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999395,0.0001700224,0.0000783483,0.000076136675,0.00022903399,0.000051466224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008229304,0.00056316005,0.0008210678,0.0007170943,0.00054647593,0.00046235314,0.0005189674,0.000618576,0.0016393235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013372984,0.00023676659,0.0004125499,0.0005930733,0.00022918134,0.0005145383,0.00019025216,0.0007730541,0.0010128509],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030839536,0.000019653078,0.000093451796,0.000082001614,0.000005096957,0.00006321878,0.000029098655,0.00012679528,0.99623436,0.00014050333,0.00009025221,0.0030847332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000091546635,0.000114051705,0.0011843131,0.000012633869,0.0000121032435,0.00017659941,0.000030122605,0.0007004437,0.99161047,0.00013971176,0.005999011,0.000011408482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055313914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007079294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016393235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029718055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037599393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005484104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056315154","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.028","title":"A pilot study of anaerobic membrane digesters for concurrent thickening and digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Activated sludge; Volatile suspended solids; Filtration (mathematics); Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biogas; Suspended solids; Methanogenesis; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Biomass (ecology); Fouling; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Methane; Membrane; Biology; Mathematics; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.019683306691142908,"score_gpt":0.26224122221136414,"score_spread":0.24255791552022124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056315154","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99852365,0.0001147214,0.0009810672,0.000013583447,0.0000065923855,0.00010440034,0.00007440833,0.000016929815,0.00016477366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99205726,0.0003480454,0.00601073,0.000035734563,0.000010253846,0.00011906024,0.00029454936,0.000009687854,0.0011146395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995517,0.00010845767,0.00003896586,0.000103317274,0.00012228635,0.00007523183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.00011360978,0.0000721959,0.000031001833,0.00009737718,0.000078822275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091340014,0.0005580399,0.00088938395,0.00022680343,0.00058828545,0.0005918621,0.00045854342,0.00060882606,0.0005472158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058996124,0.00022326518,0.0008095688,0.00026511552,0.00032486362,0.00044887513,0.00033526157,0.00053251925,0.0001825639],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00095908804,0.0006895757,0.0015672825,0.00014495014,0.000028732125,0.0001495676,0.000100319994,0.0003826647,0.9921462,0.000044570843,0.000032195923,0.0037548582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014802453,0.027011856,0.020329233,0.00001755368,0.00014719834,0.0004473903,0.00019536742,0.0020393126,0.94745475,0.00004695114,0.0021374596,0.000024860623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002502681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021360067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002502681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048148696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005890412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004976213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056586909","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.035","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes embedded with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) for water desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Halloysite; Membrane; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Biofouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Permeation; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.010385658989657442,"score_gpt":0.21932324838774697,"score_spread":0.20893758939808954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056586909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936778,0.00034305325,0.004953254,0.000049115606,0.000017495247,0.0000163945,0.00008015521,0.000041723564,0.0008209748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942114,0.00021133637,0.0039803353,0.000011163806,0.000005597061,0.000014461639,0.000084001935,0.000011721682,0.0014699887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991894,0.00000627321,0.0000062403915,0.00002058602,0.000034614382,0.000013456679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998864,0.000022219258,0.000024779312,0.000010748671,0.00004092761,0.000014894218],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015758631,0.00018935163,0.00014657699,0.00018428925,0.00022182592,0.0002010446,0.00016514762,0.00028308335,0.0004887606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019225811,0.00014093523,0.00014239845,0.00009825509,0.00012946666,0.00029150565,0.00011781321,0.00021627828,0.00012772519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009181309,0.0000045002,0.00005909095,0.00001300802,0.0000014856624,0.000013086111,0.0000052957594,0.000058760685,0.99934536,0.000020558087,0.0000074555937,0.0004622417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001374504,0.000027352187,0.000641196,0.0000010264727,0.0000031245415,0.000023630384,0.000008693755,0.0007089792,0.9982476,0.000007858828,0.00032749944,0.0000017154744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007583036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002243915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007583036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002853982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016316805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002070725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057071362","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.012","title":"Performance of PAN-based membranes with graft copolymers bearing hydrophilic PVA and PAN segments in direct ultrafiltration of natural rubber effluent","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Education","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Polyvinyl alcohol; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemistry; Natural rubber; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005403768090108521,"score_gpt":0.20741875178913236,"score_spread":0.20201498369902382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057071362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99737966,0.0006951993,0.0013657982,0.000022571612,0.000016749245,0.000007810082,0.00006449854,0.00003117227,0.00041655404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972474,0.00050356775,0.0012540544,0.000017979857,0.0000063364196,0.000007912394,0.000091614005,0.000010948895,0.0008601737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981874,0.00003299751,0.000013954565,0.00004323745,0.000038669452,0.000052537365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998599,0.0000579052,0.0000237827,0.000009488712,0.000027738663,0.000021051124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038337382,0.00038305947,0.0003184853,0.00016517282,0.00025038864,0.00028509903,0.00025714812,0.00043790866,0.00056359445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043581417,0.00017522335,0.0003297853,0.00014192495,0.00017940014,0.0006059241,0.00019576354,0.00047318402,0.0002452137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020996798,0.00002301149,0.0000945486,0.00004221448,0.0000085771935,0.000021481841,0.000026913835,0.0001344945,0.9979698,0.000022862898,0.000013084296,0.0014330327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038655553,0.0001398202,0.0006785668,0.0000021904716,0.000008032021,0.000027369997,0.000008151756,0.00050910807,0.99846715,0.000006266468,0.00014667264,0.0000028284644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015989383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019834954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015989383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030770406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002516475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031793118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057072482","doi":"10.1002/jctb.653","title":"Biological treatment of wastewater from a polymer coating process","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Aeration; Packed bed; Countercurrent exchange; Chemical oxygen demand; Wastewater quality indicators; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Biochemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02227789034991237,"score_gpt":0.2490931842459288,"score_spread":0.22681529389601643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057072482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99049664,0.0007852816,0.0071079354,0.00006201047,0.00003595341,0.00005410439,0.000116999414,0.0001043362,0.0012367334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878306,0.00087208115,0.0076339734,0.0000725181,0.000012375518,0.000034526463,0.000467096,0.00003193002,0.0030449133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997849,0.000036567726,0.000015419075,0.00003949218,0.00008110089,0.00004266753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999032,0.00002014991,0.000021812506,0.000007984852,0.00003124244,0.000015626845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019284379,0.0006333807,0.00046372585,0.00022845397,0.00019902633,0.00042072718,0.00022880732,0.00042369953,0.0005888509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020432721,0.00015976942,0.00052559533,0.00027017994,0.00016016571,0.00016294027,0.00023717283,0.00043655804,0.0002802211],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016740167,0.000006073993,0.00007708963,0.000027998674,0.0000030209428,0.000017472,0.0000038279595,0.00005948856,0.99894613,0.000004890855,0.000012773905,0.0008244995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051073403,0.00013643071,0.0011235465,0.000003503508,0.000013269409,0.00004329955,0.0000073920914,0.0005473415,0.9976909,0.0000064550827,0.0004201695,0.0000025352415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020218694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001270473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020218694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004367595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002640953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040201545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057233151","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.04.012","title":"Hybrid Membrane Processes using activated carbon treatment for drinking water: A review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":266,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Activated carbon; Membrane; Water treatment; Process (computing); Adsorption; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Water quality; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Environmental science; Carbon fibers; Membrane technology; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Computer science; Engineering; Ecology; Mathematics; Biology; Composite material","score_opus":0.08857208933175456,"score_gpt":0.34990465743680343,"score_spread":0.2613325681050489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057233151","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008434126,0.99723935,0.0006468837,0.00012728151,0.00017535071,0.000010349053,0.000036066598,0.000012584548,0.00090870645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0024073862,0.9956334,0.00080060336,0.00010388384,0.00011528947,0.000011459181,0.000052989042,0.000003058929,0.00087186],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997693,0.000020060454,0.000033133227,0.000048835198,0.00010420858,0.000024519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997085,0.00010348693,0.00006591518,0.000009556525,0.000095638774,0.00001686744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005010241,0.0011909356,0.0016535699,0.002305225,0.0002550103,0.00078935205,0.0010008109,0.001101767,0.0018900458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036988236,0.0004012314,0.0006895905,0.0029801812,0.00032615144,0.0014374398,0.00061746396,0.00089081563,0.0012653737],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014577096,0.00019992536,0.00021967643,0.041668035,0.0002678963,0.00030340103,0.000051027924,0.00060809887,0.0316376,0.001565894,0.012679563,0.91065305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004020699,0.00044424407,0.0017383224,0.003155657,0.0007238404,0.0018323321,0.00012148953,0.0004343208,0.026142806,0.0012429374,0.96404856,0.000075330754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006003169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014592967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002305225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003891625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006322801},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057939677","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.015","title":"Estimating air diffusion contribution to pressure decay during membrane integrity tests","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Diffusion; Chemistry; Airflow; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Gaseous diffusion; Mechanics; Atmospheric pressure; Dilution; Bubble point; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010615380980086566,"score_gpt":0.27059603821879563,"score_spread":0.25998065723870906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057939677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725302,0.0004250679,0.026111234,0.000044984834,0.000027338832,0.00003908149,0.00013073723,0.00025698225,0.00043443387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930727,0.00018958589,0.0058956007,0.000020179956,0.000010122241,0.00003258096,0.00014350655,0.000053275515,0.0005824909],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986979,0.00022414174,0.000079809,0.00022294937,0.0006246047,0.00015067522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99636143,0.002199376,0.00028968224,0.00025252826,0.00078319304,0.000113747556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012124995,0.0006800279,0.0006041739,0.0006666766,0.0005701559,0.0006993275,0.0008403603,0.0012985874,0.0007034591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00410274,0.00046144464,0.00054521766,0.00042058522,0.00033753313,0.001102857,0.0005713105,0.0013287922,0.000369867],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00089666294,0.00008808945,0.005558239,0.000091081885,0.00003259633,0.0001407158,0.00019831149,0.0012390208,0.9767768,0.00007720906,0.000063421896,0.014837788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000049954497,0.00037546945,0.004245215,0.0000030766091,0.000022691998,0.00009762579,0.000035916164,0.008840243,0.9860962,0.00002474478,0.00024452986,0.0000093904555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015681157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011690063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015681157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005151066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036547935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064123273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058220684","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.03.023","title":"Statistical optimization of active chlorine production from a synthetic saline effluent by electrolysis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Chlorine; Electrolysis; Central composite design; Chemistry; Hydrochloric acid; Chloride; Electrolyte; Electrolytic cell; Response surface methodology; Factorial experiment; Inorganic chemistry; Effluent; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Electrode; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007893595562749583,"score_gpt":0.238755491125903,"score_spread":0.23086189556315342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058220684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9568738,0.00017483317,0.04170229,0.0001150998,0.000010715121,0.000012914516,0.00006005519,0.00016621605,0.0008841342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99646854,0.000036348818,0.0031506761,0.0000065361423,0.0000026546018,0.000005743895,0.000036896097,0.000011708867,0.0002809935],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980253,0.00004959227,0.00001250278,0.000032379772,0.00006719099,0.000035753812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999246,0.00046260498,0.000097199336,0.000030802352,0.00014075816,0.000022605052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005691259,0.00026467178,0.000328599,0.0003131665,0.0001826905,0.00043471815,0.00023805638,0.00023349379,0.00048422092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012713161,0.00015900617,0.000292608,0.00030718732,0.00020870312,0.00022312642,0.00023371942,0.00023037271,0.00007031318],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007684904,0.0002746531,0.0044191736,0.000140668,0.00010277641,0.000067821136,0.000031533204,0.7628436,0.19189544,0.0015872109,0.0002905748,0.037578113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032599655,0.0005862403,0.0036515594,0.0000016224485,0.000035198143,0.000022307042,0.000018625828,0.8634159,0.13153878,0.00038742356,0.00029375692,0.000016010015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022364638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027085247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022364638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048721136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006932139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044469237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059234183","doi":"10.1139/s03-078","title":"A review of the impact of chemical pretreatment on low-pressure water treatment membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Turbidity; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Environmental chemistry; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011873049519737581,"score_gpt":0.25962303774095236,"score_spread":0.24774998822121477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059234183","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005681298,0.99583036,0.00078882463,0.00014832153,0.00029134814,0.000011322636,0.000039223523,0.000019907602,0.0023025777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012659777,0.99599385,0.00084448996,0.00013502307,0.00015318557,0.0000120577715,0.000060177877,0.000003343657,0.0015319105],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996923,0.000036603415,0.00004597152,0.000056358418,0.00014931436,0.00001946371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994461,0.00023655586,0.00007044518,0.000018136492,0.00020208854,0.00002669573],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005164145,0.0011040585,0.0016063115,0.0024658837,0.00036571152,0.00086012617,0.0009423479,0.001030196,0.0036176834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007660073,0.00032482023,0.0005426074,0.0041653127,0.0002701323,0.0016243675,0.00035154866,0.00075905444,0.003200657],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007245839,0.000110581976,0.00017335809,0.025108162,0.0000725473,0.00036683635,0.00006402814,0.0009500186,0.012850343,0.0019898068,0.017626485,0.9406155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016961061,0.00024776126,0.0014821959,0.0036433656,0.00013351638,0.0017731698,0.00006373012,0.00022331295,0.005515199,0.0012945968,0.98557425,0.000031844756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013862995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002066823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036176834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006119606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009057093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012102306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059387268","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20138","title":"Relationship between mass transport and the quality of cured hide","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Process (computing); Shock (circulatory); Quality (philosophy); Applied mathematics; Mass transport; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering","score_opus":0.02365444596928164,"score_gpt":0.23570500559562851,"score_spread":0.21205055962634686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059387268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857056,0.00018408307,0.013062872,0.00005671226,0.0000056756708,0.0000067018245,0.000107673724,0.000066653316,0.00080395595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989992,0.000048429472,0.0005282248,0.0000025818943,9.161308e-7,0.0000020153964,0.000051586645,0.000004031395,0.00036301953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999467,0.0000066895964,0.0000023823393,0.0000104329465,0.00002262813,0.00001107888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973243,0.00012664935,0.000067281115,0.000015091151,0.000045952453,0.000012452997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014665585,0.000188854,0.00012919067,0.00023362138,0.00010019147,0.00041089221,0.00015664293,0.00027697004,0.00081469223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080101384,0.00011633215,0.00021331385,0.00015823965,0.00016411283,0.0003139168,0.00015400216,0.0002446108,0.00012803175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006048976,0.00012012645,0.03180607,0.00015085896,0.00006978173,0.00036593186,0.0000977926,0.3228026,0.62840146,0.0033116601,0.00016281157,0.012105899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026565694,0.00034415946,0.021348448,0.000007971707,0.000028385437,0.00012227448,0.00006920812,0.7158402,0.26009148,0.0014956421,0.0005968592,0.000028756707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019060584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007734229,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019060584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040463652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014416677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037899017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059480851","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.034","title":"Fabrication of porous polymeric nanocomposite membranes with enhanced anti-fouling properties: Effect of casting composition","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Biofouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Casting; Materials science; Bovine serum albumin; Permeation; Porosity; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008573721918070792,"score_gpt":0.22634507031476012,"score_spread":0.21777134839668932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059480851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863239,0.0005540811,0.01192681,0.000056763307,0.000027841292,0.000026089754,0.00010537349,0.00016064121,0.00081848295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98032856,0.000384884,0.017648133,0.000019208133,0.000009800176,0.000024020956,0.00013374042,0.00004175381,0.0014098962],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998492,0.000014076235,0.000017923603,0.00003755134,0.000047311074,0.00003395533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997608,0.000052861742,0.000071265116,0.000027828406,0.000059123067,0.000028113722],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028982852,0.0002744374,0.0002884202,0.00024250968,0.0002141265,0.00033291453,0.00030205367,0.00044315148,0.00048974226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045393195,0.0003078349,0.00038363138,0.00020901479,0.00016958288,0.00039415117,0.00021554047,0.00058950594,0.00019153446],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027114642,0.000011883008,0.000024851724,0.000020990172,0.0000033091862,0.000013571222,0.000006509413,0.00007494522,0.9990502,0.0000320396,0.00000788735,0.0007266258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029917048,0.000025586369,0.00015242439,8.008374e-7,0.000004366588,0.000016440135,0.0000019712468,0.00029385026,0.99931777,0.00000406234,0.00017820268,0.0000015380192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006383665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017782366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006383665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027744524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025819542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020130277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059536328","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.02.014","title":"Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: A review","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":797,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sonication; Sewage sludge; Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Biogas production; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.022693884980430137,"score_gpt":0.3045315397749659,"score_spread":0.28183765479453576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059536328","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005379853,0.99745053,0.0006533705,0.00009781728,0.00018543102,0.000009858386,0.00002979835,0.000012163339,0.001022955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012379248,0.9967533,0.0007472747,0.00007687809,0.0001225729,0.000009067541,0.000048682305,0.0000027247386,0.0010016606],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983037,0.00001526186,0.000027067324,0.000042542655,0.00006811893,0.000016543747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972874,0.00010034528,0.000052667823,0.000011460627,0.000086815686,0.000019968234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044394005,0.0011836682,0.0016332795,0.00225551,0.00025348485,0.0007535945,0.0008558305,0.00095090753,0.0020603489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044780885,0.000458734,0.00049137324,0.0029929357,0.0004013574,0.0012660893,0.00057247456,0.00083282555,0.0020086782],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093894894,0.00012259933,0.00019094297,0.020256678,0.00008381879,0.00020112033,0.000040704188,0.0005609416,0.014068294,0.0010363925,0.010773556,0.95257103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002910892,0.00026332014,0.0016549171,0.0026453787,0.00031786592,0.0014156303,0.00010104566,0.00033979552,0.01450222,0.0010802794,0.97760093,0.000049409853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012587467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002396487,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00225551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043085578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000996294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006892562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060170353","doi":"10.1002/bit.22328","title":"Multiobjective optimization of the operation of a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed ion‐exchange system for continuous protein recovery","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sorting; Multi-objective optimization; Maximization; Genetic algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Minification; Pareto principle; Computer science; Range (aeronautics); Fluidized bed; Process engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Algorithm; Waste management","score_opus":0.007717696634343026,"score_gpt":0.20942446153828512,"score_spread":0.2017067649039421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060170353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6472212,0.0007352636,0.34745085,0.0002831076,0.00003542808,0.00018087396,0.000091547925,0.00013142431,0.0038703403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9406606,0.000239375,0.057171755,0.000033616365,0.0000060748284,0.00014790906,0.00006807525,0.000019339044,0.0016533488],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962866,0.00013796597,0.00001805837,0.000053879285,0.00009453683,0.00006687982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955755,0.00026641545,0.00006597535,0.000014599594,0.00006408133,0.00003126609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014423302,0.000983306,0.00088018354,0.000552981,0.0003953367,0.0012425333,0.00056192523,0.0010049625,0.0007825475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001021259,0.00046517048,0.0006362179,0.00038591344,0.00047297415,0.00049068336,0.0005490397,0.0005580856,0.000114616094],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010644702,0.00013851172,0.0004370621,0.00009322937,0.000043140266,0.000067630746,0.00002840595,0.974026,0.017361999,0.0006291558,0.00009561479,0.006972816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001601027,0.00015525271,0.00034013696,0.0000041931344,0.000017767037,0.000008582201,0.000015841804,0.9941521,0.004937882,0.00018866839,0.00015635866,0.000007220373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004536431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039347326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004536431,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011691382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012393389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0090200305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060702497","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22106","title":"Separation of soybean oil from liquefied n‐butane and liquefied petroleum gas by membrane separation process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Soybean oil; Nanofiltration; Butane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Permeation; Fouling; Ethanol; Membrane technology; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00501105017136505,"score_gpt":0.20541295016500571,"score_spread":0.20040189999364066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060702497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992315,0.0014652922,0.0056127743,0.000057394966,0.000011385209,0.000015118724,0.00006625502,0.000018299104,0.0004384879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879419,0.0016197794,0.008610447,0.000025209805,0.000005100309,0.000016212489,0.00018667875,0.000008468211,0.0015862874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999211,0.000012403996,0.000006038702,0.000015444592,0.000029750247,0.00001520938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996316,0.000006584473,0.00000999888,0.0000018880253,0.000009985902,0.000008393788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013952787,0.00028064384,0.00029246634,0.00014671627,0.000144495,0.0001981893,0.00013497514,0.00023570842,0.00025234523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013009271,0.00008703581,0.00026020553,0.00014922046,0.000124918,0.00035234942,0.0001794609,0.0002652996,0.0001352422],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004478392,0.000005211999,0.00009472765,0.000027932203,0.000002377486,0.00001869066,0.000006297576,0.00005275376,0.99875903,0.000014734194,0.000003565998,0.0009699797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005456769,0.000087152825,0.0011230233,0.0000036267993,0.00000743032,0.00006864394,0.000012904162,0.0007725998,0.99733585,0.000016551994,0.000563589,0.000003094991],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021081404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003280037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021081404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028785926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003673979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041917562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061559572","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.03.050","title":"Biodegradation kinetics of high strength oily pet food wastewater in a membrane-coupled bioreactor (MBR)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Biodegradation; Rendering (computer graphics); Membrane reactor; Nuclear chemistry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007462347388660596,"score_gpt":0.1953997272211274,"score_spread":0.1879373798324668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061559572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99880135,0.00019285013,0.000645967,0.00004108394,0.000008566267,0.0000040565797,0.000067841596,0.000015178083,0.000223185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99736804,0.00018053215,0.0009236011,0.000016818245,0.000003514567,0.000004941,0.00013793622,0.000009006871,0.0013557025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998124,0.000029028124,0.000018951932,0.000039022405,0.000052887415,0.00004769098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987245,0.000041440213,0.000020433712,0.000009725595,0.000034902812,0.000021062433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026766933,0.0003202473,0.00033836887,0.00014866146,0.00021631789,0.00036268219,0.00026637397,0.0004889379,0.0005951852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039185083,0.00016944774,0.000258523,0.00016429665,0.00016270413,0.00033750836,0.00019589087,0.0003996468,0.00027704847],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019185872,0.000025868887,0.00027061472,0.00002375108,0.0000034815387,0.000029252018,0.000020250032,0.00018107948,0.9980135,0.000020475316,0.000017929759,0.0012018597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006816483,0.00023051104,0.001164909,0.000003035581,0.000006859451,0.000033659846,0.000023510487,0.0015894489,0.99669623,0.000010743558,0.00023031898,0.0000039026054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0060735745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041820435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060735745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048188944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003942705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0120764375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061766016","doi":"10.2166/wst.2012.106","title":"Experimental and CFD simulation studies of wall shear stress for different impeller configurations and MBR activated sludge","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Shear stress; Impeller; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.03407832859295611,"score_gpt":0.3141978886957269,"score_spread":0.2801195601027708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061766016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940942,0.00015398767,0.0027003612,0.00006490636,0.000026920712,0.000021762879,0.00045826638,0.00008960991,0.0023900273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99727887,0.00012335682,0.0016140123,0.000007892529,0.000005271781,0.00002217679,0.00027508792,0.000012342559,0.0006611482],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967825,0.000043237684,0.000034103537,0.00006193323,0.000108646884,0.00007379118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989631,0.00056683796,0.00011760527,0.00008045178,0.00021714195,0.000054871303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053191767,0.00060589204,0.0007526317,0.000563868,0.0005806523,0.0006480452,0.00052653655,0.0010546006,0.0016929489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012747026,0.00025631097,0.00064532046,0.0008026256,0.0006423432,0.00043585006,0.00027309606,0.0005739688,0.00024101876],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009914271,0.00046069553,0.01124158,0.00034482018,0.000039535542,0.00060068694,0.00038510544,0.84537303,0.12359005,0.0010946465,0.00064327026,0.01523508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008378399,0.00066383666,0.014633022,0.00002680171,0.00003278989,0.000100056975,0.00017129398,0.89525926,0.08760357,0.00025805857,0.0010959324,0.000071579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005540979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038372925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005540979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005321329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00051151944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011017442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061876233","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.013","title":"Development of a species specific fouling index using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation–emission matrices for the ultrafiltration of natural water and drinking water production","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Chemistry; Particulates; Water treatment; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Ecology","score_opus":0.048187442845401,"score_gpt":0.2650058539093751,"score_spread":0.2168184110639741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061876233","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49500385,0.0013568049,0.50100946,0.000116737836,0.000075666096,0.00019918886,0.00035650647,0.00058912893,0.0012927728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.62044376,0.0006889895,0.37729263,0.000032457698,0.000018783676,0.00014437706,0.00036365807,0.000058542882,0.0009567523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993561,0.0001439973,0.000044752134,0.00010413085,0.00032604559,0.00002495237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929535,0.00014856546,0.000103556486,0.000034323493,0.00037480556,0.000043389708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013952366,0.00071444217,0.000519029,0.0013236816,0.00036489154,0.0007166724,0.00043257148,0.0005340992,0.00027310438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001222557,0.00033797993,0.0006268139,0.0009323846,0.00024394701,0.0008103927,0.0004157291,0.0006658352,0.00015238352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021740788,0.00018423262,0.005657791,0.00015996456,0.00007917605,0.000034123772,0.00005436275,0.0031291898,0.87785465,0.00050976867,0.00021276307,0.111906506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015651134,0.0004714621,0.020894807,0.000012996126,0.00010321773,0.00014968474,0.00004030478,0.10638457,0.8701975,0.00027081877,0.0013958002,0.00006309093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015126906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037704525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015126906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005279548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057340506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073788166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062485509","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2015.1043353","title":"Effect of organic matter to nitrogen ratio on membrane bioreactor performance","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Nutrient; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Organic matter; Nitrogen; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Fouling; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006637202896280637,"score_gpt":0.21638420408489084,"score_spread":0.2097470011886102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062485509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970085,0.0012567875,0.0005600452,0.00006918052,0.00003488405,0.000025158146,0.00017236176,0.000047921956,0.0008252383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99605775,0.0011581918,0.0015430897,0.00007556347,0.000015873711,0.000028072487,0.00027357397,0.000023177314,0.00082462706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935716,0.00014178891,0.0001001708,0.00012995223,0.00017136296,0.000099589764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908054,0.00043191997,0.00016296083,0.000038060665,0.00015939168,0.00012723007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000475212,0.00067424326,0.00064370554,0.00039983465,0.00022384003,0.00078291784,0.00039579318,0.00057793525,0.0008491493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014313918,0.0003055927,0.00034285896,0.00038043232,0.00021549693,0.00058976247,0.00035531496,0.00047358454,0.0004351792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009349214,0.0001184873,0.000899395,0.00014644141,0.000022932427,0.00007651239,0.00003218072,0.00035028337,0.9944423,0.000014043092,0.000027710052,0.002934799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001927735,0.0012469708,0.0048063826,0.000011606637,0.000057851717,0.000079615784,0.000039066894,0.0005231915,0.9925881,0.000011219602,0.0006032986,0.000013428297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00181586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001975164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00181586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004648004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038185486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036105514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062602945","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.019","title":"A novel thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membrane with superior anti-organic fouling affinity for water desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":192,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Forward osmosis; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Membrane fouling; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.013493401640733621,"score_gpt":0.22586892335715236,"score_spread":0.21237552171641874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062602945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736453,0.0033015464,0.0184051,0.0003600006,0.00017996725,0.000040924784,0.00013728003,0.00045912943,0.0034706607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98280704,0.000988845,0.010686811,0.00012260636,0.00003392485,0.000021366302,0.000113254435,0.000035094294,0.005190955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999206,0.0000070488677,0.0000052337696,0.000022982602,0.000028251106,0.000015856096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999342,0.000008384049,0.0000141220735,0.0000045283973,0.000024718587,0.000014092731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009380492,0.00035056824,0.0002270568,0.00024004318,0.00022346003,0.00033587008,0.00033129568,0.00058484526,0.00056283595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012240303,0.00020828824,0.0002498497,0.00014138034,0.00013408934,0.0004445081,0.0002228872,0.00038757882,0.00030093754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018714547,0.00001258102,0.000030997056,0.000030428666,0.0000041818653,0.000037289556,0.000004113641,0.000055426848,0.9981489,0.000047346974,0.000058556157,0.0015514876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060390344,0.00009317174,0.00043201947,0.000002097564,0.000015192501,0.00014528586,0.0000071791674,0.0015637057,0.995824,0.000016840817,0.001887662,0.0000067586393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048020363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010607344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058484526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023258946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014646508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018829107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063407263","doi":"10.1021/es902908g","title":"Ultrafiltration Membranes Incorporating Amphiphilic Comb Copolymer Additives Prevent Irreversible Adhesion of Bacteria","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Danmarks Tekniske Universitet; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Adhesion; Polyacrylonitrile; Ionic strength; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biophysics; Materials science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology","score_opus":0.0067571246844096745,"score_gpt":0.2227507230092191,"score_spread":0.21599359832480944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063407263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913948,0.002448503,0.0051955795,0.00010248088,0.00004474826,0.00003493943,0.00007833174,0.000084928135,0.0006156182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98753554,0.0014251388,0.009621225,0.00010682845,0.000020202813,0.000050799357,0.00015184788,0.00002472099,0.0010635976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968386,0.000042225245,0.000027425729,0.00006711213,0.00011250663,0.00006686591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962246,0.0000855794,0.00015322579,0.000022841867,0.00008197613,0.000033823766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029880562,0.000541408,0.00031981678,0.00017660935,0.0001758874,0.00035923524,0.00027290528,0.00063545315,0.00039142618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005216808,0.0001809023,0.0003379854,0.00011199367,0.00015302449,0.0005677065,0.0002312091,0.0005347826,0.00019484824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061958276,0.00000626576,0.000047482707,0.000019584282,0.0000027569515,0.000015112129,0.000004205589,0.0000104021565,0.99952805,0.000005754041,0.0000046231407,0.00034953805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020624295,0.000082271894,0.0017569517,0.000004267809,0.000007908016,0.000077710574,0.000008499223,0.00022363757,0.99734324,0.0000049670416,0.0004857066,0.000002868861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039670695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00066958304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00063545315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023179666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012171574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016818643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064241883","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.03.036","title":"CFD modeling of a transient hollow fiber ultrafiltration system for protein concentration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Viscosity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Membrane; Fiber; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.017112378717922185,"score_gpt":0.2514573731308959,"score_spread":0.2343449944129737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064241883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8295145,0.00054547144,0.14149866,0.0010987351,0.0002245763,0.00020442797,0.0009902734,0.00081908394,0.025104243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98510796,0.00015320796,0.008713554,0.000067397465,0.000016256456,0.00007640076,0.00021582373,0.00006373564,0.0055857203],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998591,0.000020487256,0.000007894421,0.00003319149,0.000040265943,0.00003907994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.0002135325,0.000036424135,0.00001967164,0.000082048384,0.000041223637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030617506,0.00047757084,0.000935004,0.00035611785,0.0014404627,0.0012254793,0.00096642965,0.0021687772,0.0028722617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007991757,0.00047242615,0.0009978028,0.00029947155,0.0007272984,0.00076131494,0.00067881186,0.00072873343,0.000294099],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008806181,0.000047470458,0.00094098866,0.000034471126,0.000012356323,0.00012689258,0.00004685767,0.9880946,0.007105913,0.0011523545,0.000289337,0.0020608078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008508722,0.000013770248,0.00019323478,0.0000020302905,0.0000025436664,0.000006196848,0.000009464271,0.9984779,0.001077454,0.000074444244,0.00012940141,0.000005062295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06967045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020969981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06967045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023962818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029115083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13852984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065281815","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.052","title":"Morphological and separation performance study of polysulfone/titanium dioxide (PSF/TiO2) ultrafiltration membranes for humic acid removal","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":300,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Spinning; Concentration polarization; Hollow fiber membrane; Biofouling; Titanium dioxide; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.039468159446238694,"score_gpt":0.27084602381517253,"score_spread":0.23137786436893384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065281815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979779,0.00034763518,0.0010125492,0.000023624068,0.000008417277,0.0000048785946,0.00008211216,0.00001683275,0.00052602566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976961,0.00025178032,0.00092379295,0.000014876821,0.0000055431224,0.0000055835876,0.00009138598,0.000006297381,0.0010044657],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999,0.000008308434,0.0000071576824,0.000019562294,0.000043060634,0.00002195303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986386,0.000024623352,0.000029289544,0.000009217639,0.000057013232,0.000015943322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016531699,0.00020712178,0.00014204829,0.00023038851,0.00025642465,0.00023531164,0.00015268358,0.000285687,0.0005269038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023820535,0.0001243581,0.0002595623,0.00018703884,0.00019275352,0.00023435424,0.000082868915,0.00020038418,0.0001484262],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005211727,0.000011169603,0.00013614203,0.000017675702,0.0000021216454,0.000020902044,0.000018411416,0.00008228424,0.998917,0.0000233853,0.00001629235,0.0007023969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040308237,0.000091046466,0.004821163,0.0000014383643,0.0000073658825,0.000073038056,0.000029758461,0.0008966579,0.99375737,0.000015046907,0.00029863638,0.000004423221],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002824181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027158454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002824181,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038099362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017901738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005615473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065370057","doi":"10.1080/01496390903484818","title":"Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for Reuse of Indigo Dye Rinsing Waters","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Fouling; Microfiltration; Indigo; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Dyeing; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010195623112495784,"score_gpt":0.27760315028261867,"score_spread":0.2674075271701229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065370057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94998074,0.0027289498,0.044476356,0.00012447772,0.00005487128,0.00012482995,0.00019530611,0.0001821205,0.0021323084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94059765,0.0017019362,0.05303481,0.00012853868,0.000014536137,0.00009848507,0.00032397007,0.000032665845,0.0040673045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975675,0.00003107305,0.000018171186,0.000049591134,0.000112829446,0.00003163977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999486,0.0000063510265,0.000014373127,0.000004787537,0.000017463233,0.000008442799],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024817802,0.00050603744,0.00031631294,0.00026512562,0.00022894282,0.00026109596,0.00028726817,0.00055534014,0.0003115756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016993721,0.00016222995,0.00047166803,0.00015759788,0.00020334883,0.0003352542,0.00030741963,0.00036461873,0.00022077975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001337581,0.000009313657,0.00007699516,0.00003974279,0.0000029715786,0.000018314167,0.000008496565,0.000081607686,0.9978389,0.000052661297,0.000014363553,0.00184342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007829971,0.00019820145,0.0018834659,0.0000062771383,0.000014543127,0.00023819585,0.000014943028,0.0014198009,0.9933309,0.00004259305,0.0028312665,0.0000119777815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015599694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021325448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015599694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046483762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034026144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033726692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065932769","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.118","title":"Investigation of the effect of viscosity on slug flow in airlift tubular membranes in search of a sludge surrogate","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Coalescence (physics); Carboxymethyl cellulose; Chemistry; Viscosity; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.008392112442663238,"score_gpt":0.23347171011381798,"score_spread":0.22507959767115474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065932769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99525225,0.00085147016,0.0034191373,0.00007702162,0.000019992058,0.000024931871,0.000050612885,0.000058624355,0.00024598616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936792,0.0006576113,0.005044086,0.000040667954,0.000016824637,0.00002381484,0.00006853826,0.00004176431,0.00042756295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994118,0.00019745463,0.00004644173,0.000069142494,0.00018526819,0.00008986992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980945,0.0010109528,0.0004946652,0.000061472805,0.00022524515,0.00011319612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009396327,0.00045589486,0.0005671905,0.0003475722,0.0002478347,0.0008988352,0.00024559535,0.00052634487,0.0004561361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0036171768,0.00026434494,0.00035673048,0.00029699673,0.00036966716,0.0008566688,0.0002896415,0.00067676196,0.0001377044],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033243507,0.00003694054,0.00061393785,0.00007242822,0.000008891589,0.00006660048,0.000074923715,0.000284044,0.9957392,0.000045187997,0.000013028411,0.0027122898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008635412,0.00048442857,0.001620772,0.0000072446737,0.000015747917,0.00005295524,0.000030651387,0.0022313867,0.9952992,0.000016422033,0.00022524885,0.000007243223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053546095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004990201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009396327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040119045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002562582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049693584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066538920","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0137","title":"Reversible and irreversible fouling of ultrafiltration ceramic membranes by model solutions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Context (archaeology); Contact angle; Chemistry; Chromatography; Water treatment; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Geology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011109045767186227,"score_gpt":0.22077010595065663,"score_spread":0.20966106018347042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066538920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742365,0.0007952259,0.0012844416,0.000022350687,0.0000128156435,0.000015298812,0.000044851706,0.000011363921,0.0003899557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99678886,0.0008202355,0.0018287003,0.000013826751,0.000007247923,0.000018597271,0.000088358094,0.000006030813,0.0004282564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972147,0.000058609046,0.00001997247,0.000037346097,0.000093403134,0.00006912542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986553,0.000047555575,0.000029969424,0.000013512491,0.000031276977,0.000012245203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038887342,0.00036305512,0.00023446108,0.00020591904,0.00024059792,0.00021674774,0.00025799585,0.00035444534,0.00041072263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005786162,0.0000940881,0.00038814545,0.00014998791,0.0002204884,0.0003029295,0.00016243441,0.00042641393,0.000068222325],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008593802,0.000017848435,0.00015071708,0.000050534236,0.0000067783144,0.000021060903,0.000028591927,0.0001317521,0.99841917,0.000051601408,0.00001843727,0.0010176635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000065770137,0.00030664814,0.0009934413,0.0000042972774,0.000011061089,0.00003586901,0.000017826726,0.0007953965,0.9975472,0.000016945049,0.00026116136,0.0000035856267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002388819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027568212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002388819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044033106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030791858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047498345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066741087","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.018","title":"Separation of macromolecular proteins and rejection of toxic heavy metal ions by PEI/cSMM blend UF membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Metal ions in aqueous solution; Bovine serum albumin; Macromolecule; Metal; Aqueous solution; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011978528561665978,"score_gpt":0.26539690352745515,"score_spread":0.2534183749657892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066741087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928109,0.0007079465,0.0056813727,0.000044337386,0.0000100594725,0.000010576556,0.000057472957,0.000043656288,0.0006335464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99302423,0.0004968374,0.003883896,0.000020482166,0.000006433718,0.000015269396,0.00010678392,0.000016780245,0.0024292923],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987876,0.000010705582,0.000010837458,0.000023623692,0.00003878468,0.000037353682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990964,0.000020552088,0.000020932473,0.0000076049623,0.000023564164,0.000017653003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002349917,0.0002938434,0.0002045149,0.00022123808,0.00023261007,0.00024758672,0.00020868421,0.00028622028,0.0005959285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021156983,0.00012948197,0.0002825465,0.00019800497,0.00017084427,0.00030881524,0.00019642017,0.00032135594,0.00022989741],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046810037,0.0000047870158,0.000059342747,0.000018179819,0.0000016760456,0.000010990942,0.000012730398,0.00004140903,0.9991621,0.000047040103,0.000006972204,0.00058800325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015502791,0.000020860878,0.00034411508,9.789038e-7,0.0000021189599,0.000018873718,0.0000048786655,0.00025843174,0.9991265,0.000012539699,0.00020810378,0.0000011239318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015831332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012197485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015831332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003845288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000290421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031479},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067166310","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2004.9619352","title":"Municipal Wastewater Treatment by USAB Process: Start-up at 20°c and Operation at Low Temperatures","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Process (computing); Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.006638775848324566,"score_gpt":0.21988245006602863,"score_spread":0.21324367421770407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067166310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940918,0.001288752,0.0035902173,0.000061029295,0.0000140126485,0.0000582869,0.00018309863,0.00012220576,0.00059058616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892168,0.0007474084,0.008701078,0.00002298433,0.000006540789,0.00006924891,0.00036871008,0.000034553257,0.0008327279],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997558,0.000046199424,0.000020763291,0.000050324496,0.00007674228,0.000050213945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999286,0.000009760737,0.00002021943,0.0000062635377,0.000018508337,0.000016683602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002368558,0.0005954255,0.00088516326,0.0002566915,0.0004041142,0.00054976495,0.00031843642,0.00048209872,0.0005387792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024598977,0.00023892937,0.0003503185,0.0004575697,0.00020942293,0.00040958737,0.00037434962,0.00050677283,0.00033311552],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031535514,0.000066090615,0.00062282186,0.0001323348,0.00000855891,0.000038782116,0.00003416623,0.00017933917,0.9936208,0.000034076875,0.00003360101,0.004914175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003357976,0.0005882255,0.0048464662,0.000008329634,0.000023177558,0.00016357175,0.000026635871,0.000964051,0.992149,0.00003152292,0.0011523487,0.000013039429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032711397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044855624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032711397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046103704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005748483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006504178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067373562","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.531-532.18","title":"Fabrication and Properties of Poly(Ether Imide)/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Key engineering materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Prince Edward Island","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Glutaraldehyde; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite number; Fouling; Solvent; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01686283930476323,"score_gpt":0.21310337359515408,"score_spread":0.19624053429039084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067373562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.964874,0.0024386456,0.031004244,0.00008939399,0.00004567035,0.00005421306,0.00023915888,0.0001677772,0.0010868178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96614087,0.001605279,0.029958086,0.000048286376,0.000015870643,0.000060075083,0.0002872099,0.00003258886,0.0018516779],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998765,0.000010606829,0.000013515217,0.000030604162,0.000046035537,0.00002279272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989724,0.000020492043,0.000022970296,0.000007776826,0.00003994882,0.000011550863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031560325,0.00026180412,0.00025285533,0.0002295669,0.00023174984,0.00024218782,0.00020397353,0.00046053302,0.00034616218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028907816,0.00012469926,0.00024488196,0.00018790545,0.00013158095,0.0003527418,0.000112540714,0.0003251412,0.00020252065],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011221922,0.0000047893946,0.000043574575,0.000018205877,0.0000012673119,0.000015756385,0.0000056451054,0.000045625668,0.99896383,0.000016664262,0.0000068793597,0.00086653227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029043626,0.000041777515,0.0009242448,0.0000018090494,0.00000537548,0.000065910994,0.0000056455724,0.00039562574,0.9979638,0.000010569692,0.00057870237,0.0000037116272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072326325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007246824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00072326325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032772924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015498842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023779273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067520506","doi":"10.2166/wst.2007.644","title":"Comparison of mixed liquor filterability measured with bench and pilot-scale membrane bioreactors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Full scale; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Membrane; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.020971721908060417,"score_gpt":0.27288406864019915,"score_spread":0.25191234673213875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067520506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943297,0.00026481942,0.004655101,0.000028245087,0.000011711065,0.000042538075,0.000196632,0.00008244099,0.00038878465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920461,0.00039616722,0.0060071694,0.000028373654,0.000015100739,0.00008126231,0.0005391955,0.000024554016,0.00086197717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993266,0.0001366974,0.00006928465,0.00010980122,0.00028336464,0.00007414432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985441,0.0006742386,0.00020884628,0.00012548122,0.00032735997,0.00012009251],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086913427,0.0007064955,0.00066409056,0.00046835977,0.00029642333,0.0006942188,0.00039913013,0.00043784082,0.0006092065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022894114,0.00017343166,0.0005462119,0.00036587156,0.0002929131,0.0005837462,0.00034317598,0.0005511209,0.00022598618],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019210845,0.0000959349,0.001425643,0.0000541216,0.000016458858,0.000032107695,0.00006855641,0.00024034725,0.9949885,0.000018558068,0.000016316017,0.0028512224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015005729,0.0021516313,0.012868549,0.0000061281435,0.000030889933,0.000086501605,0.00005658989,0.0012377149,0.98327214,0.000024635823,0.0002372918,0.000012890909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003123384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022753638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003123384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047452626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003129707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062103868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067632150","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.03.003","title":"Performance improvement of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane using N-succinyl chitosan as additive","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Science Council; Defence Research and Development Organisation","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Chitosan; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Materials science; Polyethylene glycol; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Attenuated total reflection; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Infrared spectroscopy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010586094529014043,"score_gpt":0.23326420641113885,"score_spread":0.2226781118821248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067632150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99419504,0.0009936953,0.0037862037,0.000071706345,0.00004416596,0.000008870573,0.00006955454,0.000080144324,0.00075073465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936581,0.0007363129,0.003371028,0.000028002642,0.000011059907,0.0000069377397,0.000100101395,0.000012276715,0.0020761392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984336,0.000012440609,0.00001456088,0.00003347931,0.000057441135,0.000038728125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999176,0.000008716084,0.000016230037,0.0000062936774,0.00003957389,0.00001155209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017994767,0.0004943487,0.00027847718,0.00021376848,0.0002444632,0.0002714738,0.00028448759,0.00041693446,0.000453996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015829413,0.0001086401,0.00047427887,0.0002319437,0.00010749984,0.00036812678,0.0001690277,0.00026519084,0.00020739686],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048656508,0.000009531012,0.00006783188,0.000022927183,0.0000037014559,0.00002391747,0.000007571369,0.000076126795,0.9983746,0.00002000763,0.000018232291,0.0013269059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013940662,0.000036513356,0.0005445076,8.751675e-7,0.00000667592,0.000023853801,0.000004338614,0.00049117295,0.998664,0.0000037454622,0.00022068177,0.0000021905819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028329282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029914605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028329282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043046047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033443095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005632937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067698572","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.01.4","title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modelling of Porous, Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Ultrafiltration (renal); Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Porous medium; Porosity; Finite element method; Materials science; Computer science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.013355124241208693,"score_gpt":0.239661642774381,"score_spread":0.22630651853317232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067698572","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10353214,0.0010012701,0.88399017,0.00038157785,0.00010997741,0.000111872316,0.0006321349,0.0006389721,0.009601759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.805273,0.0019594817,0.17977911,0.000108167915,0.000053090844,0.00043350787,0.00073831785,0.0001372225,0.011518078],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997613,0.00004761692,0.000016692267,0.000039612936,0.00010834413,0.000026457123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976915,0.00011548772,0.000029583513,0.000019871433,0.00005277237,0.000013149305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023493974,0.0004352815,0.00058137253,0.00039394043,0.00063699327,0.0007987726,0.0007741278,0.0012801187,0.0010023115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006100313,0.00024398563,0.0007258478,0.00036684092,0.00066093163,0.00059801294,0.0004389317,0.0005270296,0.00025644712],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020584643,0.000018147426,0.00048290007,0.00007330625,0.000008884809,0.0000770231,0.00004535712,0.9785123,0.010002507,0.0041646636,0.00020027335,0.0063939583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005147262,0.000012032356,0.00026761388,0.000009102807,0.00000378381,0.00003930484,0.000009289216,0.99383,0.0031676893,0.001030446,0.0016180169,0.000007646356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00937169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003369734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00937169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007141703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014370051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01863432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067774762","doi":"10.1109/ams.2010.83","title":"Modeling the Rejection Performance of Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes Modified by Negatively Charged-Modifying Macromolecule","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Sulfonate; Nanofiltration; Phase inversion; Steric effects; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Carboxylate; Materials science; Fiber; Polyelectrolyte; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Sodium; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014578218632279821,"score_gpt":0.23228973753199272,"score_spread":0.2177115188997129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067774762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9643867,0.00019411431,0.033217818,0.000058074456,0.000007813904,0.000021782324,0.00014937494,0.00006269974,0.0019016184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99262005,0.00022729032,0.0053362213,0.000011979648,0.0000024306446,0.00002887135,0.00012255629,0.000011000547,0.0016395207],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993646,0.000009685463,0.000003963395,0.000012391299,0.000021931733,0.000015610296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993813,0.000026086433,0.000011598149,0.0000034116224,0.000017973025,0.0000028147563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018467131,0.00029995647,0.00025933472,0.00012630837,0.00013623066,0.00021423657,0.00034947225,0.0005293546,0.0004260797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028515776,0.00012455831,0.0005025003,0.00012737005,0.00009596157,0.00033805726,0.00008604019,0.00017481149,0.00015031049],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015009813,0.000063142616,0.0019221714,0.00015910031,0.000027920192,0.00017741004,0.00005886662,0.6626056,0.32812756,0.0014743794,0.000111763446,0.0051220423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009059264,0.00009122349,0.0008792179,0.000004440634,0.000012132639,0.00002898815,0.000012907444,0.9247909,0.07364163,0.0002277363,0.0002945337,0.0000072556404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007338258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003660064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007338258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057981646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003735495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014591098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067854615","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.056","title":"Effect of surface pattern formation on membrane fouling and its control in phase inversion process","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phase inversion; Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Polymer; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.00936903844193429,"score_gpt":0.2756026563315811,"score_spread":0.26623361788964683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067854615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973966,0.00030406643,0.0014577594,0.00003829138,0.000018926165,0.000010101937,0.000035107398,0.000024297366,0.00071484863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988293,0.00012803088,0.00056465715,0.000016389371,0.000004285948,0.0000063210528,0.000018672983,0.0000065537015,0.00042576695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982554,0.00003262997,0.000013343201,0.000036560632,0.000048178274,0.00004374354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996916,0.00010464364,0.000060464812,0.000029388435,0.000076833276,0.00003711558],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021904528,0.00023176553,0.0001792324,0.00011743802,0.00017080925,0.00039265255,0.00022252518,0.00023994684,0.0008434095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007634825,0.00018356461,0.00017452604,0.0002002984,0.00025531417,0.00034312872,0.00017560956,0.00035464254,0.00015811055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037782147,0.000041745076,0.00025557136,0.000032887554,0.0000065547606,0.00003114426,0.000035455556,0.00016565273,0.9957956,0.00007140804,0.000032974924,0.0031531758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000081475655,0.000097592434,0.0007595319,0.0000010324334,0.00000510874,0.000015500249,0.00000931894,0.0010537035,0.9978824,0.0000142091985,0.00014995938,0.0000034318678],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008235823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009846531,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008434095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027691486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021075722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028214455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067918087","doi":"10.1021/ie000794q","title":"Calculation of the Hydrodynamic Permeability of Gels and Gel-Filled Microporous Membranes","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Microporous material; Membrane; Scaling; Chemistry; RADIUS; Compressibility; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemical physics; Thermodynamics; Polymer chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04302486367726149,"score_gpt":0.2929455246122345,"score_spread":0.249920660934973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067918087","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48598987,0.0013656154,0.50619155,0.00021146113,0.00007280792,0.00013103888,0.0005032819,0.0009502873,0.004584137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9030923,0.0015639603,0.09081455,0.00004101976,0.000021342967,0.00023717391,0.00048127654,0.00017977062,0.0035685897],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998927,0.000012283045,0.0000075029993,0.000013093976,0.000060898255,0.000013495138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997875,0.000111606576,0.000027279852,0.000016269578,0.000039549723,0.000017716162],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024845125,0.00035035925,0.00037723404,0.0004208638,0.00029006487,0.00030028034,0.0006289206,0.0005511835,0.00048274733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00087817584,0.0002449506,0.00031235366,0.00020478261,0.0003090102,0.000693904,0.00032419746,0.0005707826,0.0002769423],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000091327674,0.00005524811,0.00047916258,0.00034274787,0.000049054972,0.0005197125,0.00012918089,0.2128833,0.75178295,0.02142587,0.00044396787,0.011797527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019786694,0.000047560425,0.00039452728,0.000013232748,0.0000124065455,0.00016924465,0.00002719638,0.7608236,0.23073722,0.004573606,0.0031599472,0.000021725547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006944312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004224805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006944312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005802891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003689043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004210353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068082473","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21968","title":"Separated performances of ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride solutions treated by vacuum membrane distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Ammonium chloride; Volumetric flow rate; Ammonium; Membrane; Nitrogen; Chromatography; Ammonia; Distillation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006828774777625019,"score_gpt":0.18051466492209683,"score_spread":0.1736858901444718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068082473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956137,0.0014148626,0.0020810089,0.00004362079,0.00003719708,0.00001277828,0.000101621496,0.00005918768,0.0006360039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911409,0.0018810134,0.0037920915,0.00008443005,0.000024832785,0.00003451698,0.0003280791,0.000057416022,0.0026568312],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996153,0.00006328904,0.000029644361,0.000067390996,0.00014568384,0.00007859302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997919,0.000057588793,0.00003540858,0.000009210631,0.00008358377,0.000022303477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040761373,0.0005778813,0.0007707906,0.00041814728,0.00038695693,0.000626319,0.00038625023,0.0008939651,0.0007655855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054883014,0.00034084584,0.0006799184,0.00045439886,0.00024163954,0.0005406433,0.00032792176,0.0006887206,0.00038982488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013572678,0.000013429741,0.00010373311,0.00006511684,0.00000847492,0.000019583364,0.000031045674,0.000101869344,0.9983741,0.000023289998,0.000014790491,0.0011088575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000069809857,0.0001549208,0.0011037496,0.000004472827,0.000017112334,0.000031448533,0.000027491651,0.0009087404,0.99726844,0.000012630545,0.00045285135,0.000011103141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004033608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032063338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004033608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046222558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004141019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008020222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068465768","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.04.01.014","title":"Modeling Tool for Air Stripping and Carbon Adsorbers to Remove Trace Organic Contaminants","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Air stripping; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Stripping (fiber); Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Environmental science; Waste management; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.010587998559582371,"score_gpt":0.1952695707713174,"score_spread":0.18468157221173503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068465768","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.055801522,0.00037099293,0.9254627,0.00025299544,0.00007384752,0.00018651068,0.0009502383,0.004275086,0.012626071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6830268,0.001153967,0.27798462,0.00015041434,0.000048259742,0.0012899456,0.001529401,0.00066204404,0.03415459],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985445,0.000033678418,0.000008997504,0.000024333885,0.000060474948,0.000018133385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979764,0.0001018778,0.000018815723,0.000011407819,0.000062331965,0.000007874741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029924695,0.000949735,0.00074869837,0.00041831628,0.0005481897,0.0006758683,0.0012346596,0.0012125174,0.0054437523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005720919,0.00045094578,0.0010809823,0.00033544333,0.00016349369,0.00064685463,0.00035021597,0.0007278097,0.0010689441],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053380598,0.00007272761,0.0007065363,0.00016035154,0.000047776826,0.00012678138,0.000066576504,0.9703432,0.010727384,0.0037696906,0.00088447344,0.0130411275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008292165,0.000021734912,0.00009122821,0.000004859858,0.000009686547,0.000016608457,0.0000074233144,0.99551034,0.002014219,0.0004300444,0.0018810537,0.000004475617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011385622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009500087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011385622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005676654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00094655104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022638679},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069056848","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.04.015","title":"Mathematical modeling of nanofiltration for concentrated electrolyte solutions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Electrolyte; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Electrode; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.028093221278787682,"score_gpt":0.2519971151268325,"score_spread":0.2239038938480448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069056848","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.112149514,0.0041693295,0.7874669,0.004224193,0.0004515157,0.00025931752,0.0008231751,0.00030323275,0.09015286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8966846,0.002490447,0.03391696,0.00052104966,0.0002144817,0.00050411496,0.00046152453,0.00020479869,0.065001994],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973565,0.0000727477,0.000014258428,0.000040532457,0.00009266353,0.000044034885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993748,0.0003689194,0.000053599906,0.000024112136,0.00014600092,0.000032545595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084774144,0.0008035241,0.0011641912,0.0006566663,0.0010321032,0.0015984055,0.001565162,0.002882443,0.0037126178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022959493,0.0005710884,0.0012364337,0.00064574,0.0010473082,0.0018542153,0.0011458265,0.0014593342,0.0005522049],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015171347,0.00002383735,0.00015570567,0.000056949033,0.0000104866285,0.00003911434,0.000044370187,0.9663903,0.00088979094,0.029809505,0.0004927034,0.002072078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040549203,0.0000039492274,0.000044985332,0.0000036449464,0.0000020024515,0.000005003702,0.0000065231206,0.9966091,0.00014346706,0.0027690856,0.0004047161,0.0000034770305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028252395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011487906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028252395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023266242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019641782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.056175888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069499456","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.045","title":"Integrated thermophilic submerged aerobic membrane bioreactor and electrochemical oxidation for pulp and paper effluent treatment – towards system closure","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp (tooth); Fouling; Wastewater; Electrochemistry; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Electrode; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011405544363275705,"score_gpt":0.22450275569593536,"score_spread":0.21309721133265966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069499456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860642,0.0006780516,0.01193429,0.00006736825,0.00006964562,0.00003409417,0.000084972744,0.00019423169,0.000873115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922598,0.0002892967,0.005608123,0.000026282234,0.000011151078,0.000023372158,0.000094937954,0.000013899091,0.0016732042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997161,0.000022579696,0.000027268228,0.00007367675,0.0001003199,0.000060040384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998822,0.000012144784,0.00003123848,0.000018787692,0.000032846627,0.000022688622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021936423,0.0003568735,0.00044152513,0.00018040896,0.0003198543,0.0005904065,0.00072560256,0.0005677511,0.0007888712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020171338,0.00031606606,0.00041899196,0.00016423587,0.00018736566,0.00062461046,0.00052136637,0.00055453356,0.0003076052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012231967,0.000065037304,0.00013864257,0.000024272304,0.00000718206,0.000028440863,0.000016918204,0.00013855757,0.99670607,0.00005423799,0.00003267694,0.0026658345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012838829,0.00024916138,0.0012705328,0.0000037110142,0.000017643024,0.00006855756,0.000022109987,0.0021284525,0.9953459,0.000030268504,0.0008455308,0.000005327658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009729235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018122888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009729235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041805554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050864427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030332208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070030454","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.02.053","title":"Comparison of multiple port and end port connections for pressure vessels","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bell (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Piping; Port (circuit theory); Engineering; Marine engineering; Mechanical engineering; Civil engineering","score_opus":0.04470250653833224,"score_gpt":0.3092218035321063,"score_spread":0.2645192969937741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070030454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8759019,0.001338404,0.10879456,0.00021178121,0.0004002355,0.00016113125,0.00040499162,0.0022870102,0.010499986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96138155,0.0004929039,0.03080549,0.000069165835,0.000069829475,0.000063058906,0.00033281883,0.0002756933,0.0065094475],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841344,0.0004726736,0.000086780215,0.00022147725,0.0007059142,0.00009973132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925464,0.003053851,0.0005627181,0.0009502793,0.002678877,0.00020790152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015455605,0.0006957183,0.00048934214,0.0008815583,0.0006118375,0.0010839382,0.0011698116,0.00077724823,0.00838647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0067250594,0.00038907756,0.00044688323,0.0008918883,0.00031167097,0.0026636906,0.0005087158,0.0004885715,0.0014034363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.013993789,0.0008114191,0.030019252,0.0013923786,0.00022334847,0.0012205576,0.000519883,0.015010167,0.41053188,0.005208256,0.0048407544,0.5162283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056701957,0.013581361,0.09435604,0.00026433895,0.0008994191,0.0034666092,0.00081407535,0.10125531,0.750807,0.003513324,0.03026023,0.00021527076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041478264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008637416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00838647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035711002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002974711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.028055489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070449280","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.06.044","title":"Flux performance and macrosolute sieving behavior of environment responsive formed-in-place ultrafiltration membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; McMaster University","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Porosity; Ionic strength; Chromatography; Polymer; Materials science; Synthetic membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Matrix (chemical analysis); Dextran; Chemistry; Composite material; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.010451427988850811,"score_gpt":0.24697629346468414,"score_spread":0.23652486547583332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070449280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991684,0.00012973824,0.00044593992,0.000013528939,0.0000051732427,0.0000022774827,0.000055572324,0.000015456502,0.00016404595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99807537,0.00019142027,0.00069416186,0.000014693346,0.0000034473528,0.0000039480997,0.00013232944,0.0000128607835,0.00087182026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997944,0.000026815054,0.00001876547,0.000041210453,0.00007175403,0.000047062465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998098,0.00004851784,0.00003983379,0.000016507065,0.000064006796,0.00002144051],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003820059,0.0003127088,0.000288368,0.00024047705,0.00021318838,0.00031986894,0.00023182982,0.00039927798,0.0006125727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043039108,0.00013471027,0.00024061832,0.00019672775,0.0001936237,0.00044983273,0.00017355605,0.00045327103,0.00018170859],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018391255,0.000028346332,0.00027443867,0.000014172442,0.0000034790003,0.000016483005,0.00003918705,0.00017810188,0.998187,0.000041509546,0.000022226344,0.0010111005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000251563,0.00008546114,0.00095853163,0.0000010979059,0.000002957981,0.000010259372,0.000012294984,0.0004862035,0.9982955,0.000007647771,0.0001349675,0.0000026338375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009954955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010949669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009954955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032223092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017015383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023379922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070457814","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.08.014","title":"Synthesis and characterization of thin film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane with hydrophilic nanocomposite support to reduce internal concentration polarization","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":284,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Polysulfone; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Titanium dioxide; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00680109650751802,"score_gpt":0.22124618467914828,"score_spread":0.21444508817163027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070457814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98927283,0.00038984878,0.00911552,0.00006856714,0.000021074362,0.000026539388,0.00012992327,0.00008681564,0.0008889658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895313,0.00028455842,0.007948806,0.000020458585,0.0000064637065,0.00002826108,0.00016597213,0.000020180996,0.0019940622],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998869,0.0000067025803,0.00000907154,0.000028682934,0.0000520859,0.000016592701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998741,0.000023364975,0.000028842074,0.000009920507,0.000049967122,0.00001380411],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001604367,0.00023707721,0.00018488168,0.0002464809,0.00022875977,0.0002374147,0.0002048742,0.00035262748,0.0005254864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020175974,0.00018321855,0.00023432521,0.000174739,0.00011484945,0.0002765526,0.00012119619,0.0003535085,0.00014929219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010280632,0.000006286888,0.000035224886,0.000009736821,0.0000011981674,0.0000144518945,0.0000046406058,0.000032379645,0.99947256,0.000015091992,0.0000064132464,0.00039180327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013549172,0.000027365473,0.00040382135,7.843962e-7,0.0000031335871,0.000024641318,0.0000053658837,0.00053556846,0.9987268,0.0000054443944,0.0002642401,0.000001549316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00081951264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015614474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00081951264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026257956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022176564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019050837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070831243","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.09.048","title":"Chemical cleaning of oil contaminated polyethylene hollow fiber microfiltration membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"New York Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Cleaning agent; Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Polyethylene; Hollow fiber membrane; Permeation; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010141373554165658,"score_gpt":0.25340934982435037,"score_spread":0.2432679762701847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070831243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934776,0.00076788804,0.0049809804,0.000078519806,0.000029320317,0.000018559707,0.000066228735,0.00004813333,0.0005327531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99287355,0.00057652174,0.0042846934,0.000044001423,0.000012287897,0.000012755575,0.00010296079,0.00001809623,0.0020751655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962676,0.00003558823,0.00003435302,0.0000470535,0.0001866117,0.00006962723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996729,0.00007204493,0.00008741747,0.000040138875,0.000113149596,0.0000143848765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032296198,0.00025666557,0.0003449724,0.00028159557,0.00049720757,0.00036972848,0.00032383512,0.000507519,0.0006966996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005434293,0.00016248382,0.00033275082,0.0001918953,0.00017276996,0.00042844203,0.0003195967,0.00029072573,0.00018810478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009230303,0.000011829161,0.00062777166,0.000060057344,0.000009001898,0.000068028836,0.00004736048,0.00023852727,0.9943715,0.00005712329,0.00004100397,0.004375503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002009084,0.000041248837,0.0010348138,0.000003363222,0.0000045649745,0.000056363435,0.000023002178,0.00032314163,0.9979504,0.000015907894,0.00054249173,0.0000027100693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011365034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016618258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011365034,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047567746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028516454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034512877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071006372","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.037","title":"Ammonia removal in the carbon contactor of a hybrid membrane process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ammonia; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemistry; Nitrification; Adsorption; Hydraulic retention time; Activated carbon; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Effluent; Nitrogen","score_opus":0.043594760805552246,"score_gpt":0.32951948324444025,"score_spread":0.285924722438888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071006372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975925,0.00016288423,0.0012343582,0.00004902972,0.000022947333,0.000007005066,0.00003855032,0.00003103143,0.000861621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973017,0.00009634766,0.00066188665,0.00001796774,0.000009765482,0.000004760278,0.000039972278,0.0000082408915,0.0018592809],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997626,0.000025522268,0.000008138803,0.000059566828,0.0000947152,0.00004943258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998354,0.00005859281,0.000014384032,0.00001178265,0.000051467498,0.000028343415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019648048,0.00026110094,0.00046792513,0.00024239435,0.0007014467,0.0005555673,0.00040793538,0.0007129224,0.0014587924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026413356,0.0001286359,0.0003449977,0.00022761319,0.00025545442,0.00047106884,0.00026394427,0.00031909804,0.000269228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003433381,0.000027431142,0.00040672367,0.0000394586,0.00001038616,0.00010434993,0.000025022544,0.0003902972,0.9965863,0.00010900834,0.000050503128,0.0019072492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010824554,0.0001964388,0.0018429623,0.000002244176,0.000011944566,0.00006236394,0.000044517885,0.0062937113,0.99109215,0.000036191577,0.0003992345,0.000007332717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051908554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0063355253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051908554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005453346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047366982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0103212595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071397497","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.001","title":"Surface modification of thin-film-composite polyamide membranes for improved reverse osmosis performance","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Surface modification; Permeation; Chitosan; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite number; Chemistry; Chlorine; Materials science; Chromatography; Monomer; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03375761418267014,"score_gpt":0.2592547236468779,"score_spread":0.22549710946420776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071397497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936102,0.0006706667,0.0047810613,0.00005407576,0.00004481328,0.00001553574,0.000048494836,0.00008340904,0.0006916748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938514,0.00038114746,0.0044989064,0.000024772247,0.000011415111,0.000014469505,0.00008258967,0.000021208436,0.001114196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987686,0.000013034328,0.000009625441,0.000022837246,0.00004282498,0.00003479648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989676,0.000022306836,0.000023705952,0.000010268168,0.000032428223,0.000014486666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018331011,0.00038780743,0.00028464192,0.00017290658,0.00019396757,0.00031489306,0.000293777,0.00041666484,0.00056826434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022550534,0.00022272195,0.0004071638,0.00013409472,0.00014353046,0.00029387197,0.00016023459,0.000497118,0.00021567164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019149702,0.0000057876773,0.0000139302565,0.000009706374,0.0000017665043,0.000007402863,0.000003071348,0.00004329967,0.9995259,0.0000094949,0.0000069767257,0.0003534864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000244846,0.000032638007,0.00020544985,6.1262597e-7,0.0000033570143,0.000014607286,0.000002029442,0.0003650326,0.9992224,0.0000036047222,0.00014608366,0.0000017581219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005613602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083861605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056826434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024432316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019135045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019010305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073274629","doi":"10.2118/86932-ms","title":"Application of a Reverse-Emulsion-Breaker at a SAGD Pilot Plant in Northern Alberta","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Emulsion; Turbidity; Produced water; Environmental science; Circuit breaker; Waste management; Water cooling; Water quality; Pilot plant; Chemical plant; Bottle; Process engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Geology; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.009502426551380797,"score_gpt":0.21602545525867675,"score_spread":0.20652302870729594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073274629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99340993,0.00003212525,0.0017164008,0.00010397915,0.000010551787,0.0001395388,0.00010215694,0.00021725084,0.0042681145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98887247,0.000059082733,0.0044287043,0.00005436228,0.0000026981988,0.000025197092,0.0001766285,0.000023726145,0.0063572284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996283,0.0000306823,0.00000810022,0.000051105355,0.00019558409,0.00008625192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996685,0.000033272278,0.000011321499,0.00001875382,0.00018721289,0.00008093283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040668977,0.00026965392,0.00021682214,0.0004056333,0.0026695596,0.00061210175,0.0008625342,0.00052164897,0.0025527524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029083385,0.00021547513,0.0003040904,0.00034819904,0.0006851269,0.00023302807,0.00040961723,0.0005843313,0.00038561798],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019633903,0.0016090373,0.041415107,0.00025185925,0.000052267766,0.005260597,0.0024690747,0.0093827825,0.85146415,0.0005692481,0.0017187953,0.08384369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005899494,0.015314541,0.29040205,0.000065171946,0.00018567107,0.0013738781,0.013838119,0.0399023,0.5938232,0.00050833233,0.04382084,0.00017601327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5198142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.63664454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4801858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005110053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005646086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96602744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074074972","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.07.009","title":"A facile method for synthesis of pegylated polyethersulfone and its application in fabrication of antifouling ultrafiltration membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Fouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Ethylene glycol; Synthetic membrane; Materials science; PEG ratio; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Bovine serum albumin; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.017411535534083367,"score_gpt":0.3012629972518945,"score_spread":0.2838514617178111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074074972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62601566,0.0064844536,0.35696998,0.00064971956,0.00048048518,0.0004387446,0.0008123463,0.0008877222,0.0072608967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84099746,0.0041499375,0.14634779,0.00017696826,0.00008497713,0.00022463882,0.0008146085,0.00008682082,0.007116734],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998565,0.000014209581,0.000019188215,0.00002917322,0.00006237351,0.000018594825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999218,0.000011187953,0.000023432478,0.000012821499,0.00001825844,0.000012472163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026378778,0.00056942686,0.0003159856,0.0003012599,0.00033137784,0.00015416964,0.0003118267,0.00042075868,0.0008298905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015903,0.0002772966,0.00041749162,0.00026766726,0.00019492889,0.0006466192,0.00028929432,0.0006231902,0.00046152534],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032655582,0.000029604702,0.00006231158,0.0001195345,0.000008765793,0.0001144255,0.000027325095,0.00021255788,0.9907521,0.0004622388,0.00011337067,0.008065218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009870933,0.00011266422,0.00039590162,0.0000037104185,0.000008987716,0.00022840485,0.0000057365523,0.0007071268,0.9944272,0.00013343159,0.0039540785,0.000012891179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045641814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007327812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008298905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030295897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043230705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027763247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074948257","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.067","title":"Thin-film membranes derived from co-continuous polymer blends: preparation and performance","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Science Council","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Polystyrene; Porosity; Polymer; Polymer blend; Microporous material; Composite material; Copolymer; Styrene; Void (composites); Permeation; Surface tension; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.009576781485436154,"score_gpt":0.23428494378539186,"score_spread":0.22470816229995572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074948257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9814105,0.0059393398,0.010472501,0.00012874426,0.000055996024,0.000045255805,0.00024180468,0.00024587903,0.0014599533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816613,0.003309118,0.009943653,0.000046715802,0.000032983946,0.000053812964,0.00054236373,0.00012130455,0.0042887684],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997669,0.000026634638,0.000018414241,0.000050989118,0.00009439377,0.000042685966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996611,0.00009035284,0.000061033614,0.0000385803,0.00009177411,0.000057228153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040786734,0.00053861795,0.0006388431,0.00046711156,0.00040184997,0.00064406055,0.0004404467,0.0008637918,0.0008839635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050457276,0.00033279904,0.0003153449,0.00057772844,0.00024865245,0.000907238,0.00034527737,0.0012962834,0.00076550414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000984534,0.000030879622,0.000073470954,0.000035897083,0.000007929145,0.000013239605,0.000010360003,0.00005104515,0.9980823,0.000032921824,0.000036926325,0.0015266257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046145856,0.000035653502,0.00021829671,0.0000015712454,0.0000063380044,0.000017724758,0.000003433631,0.00022797153,0.9992029,0.0000063712623,0.0002732381,0.0000019243646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010339298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011450448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010339298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040212992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026923724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029571652},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074951422","doi":"10.1002/btpr.293","title":"Monitoring the fractionation of a whey protein isolate during dead‐end membrane filtration using fluorescence and chemometric methods","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fractionation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Size-exclusion chromatography; Fluorescence; Membrane; Dead end; Biochemistry; Enzyme; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023085541611457587,"score_gpt":0.31185697492757625,"score_spread":0.28877143331611865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074951422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91216683,0.0006267786,0.08631853,0.00011809156,0.000021481841,0.000043739656,0.0001802449,0.0002091025,0.00031519652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.901628,0.00097416854,0.095740534,0.00014741744,0.000020515903,0.00011842342,0.00032696102,0.000049918424,0.000994115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999608,0.00005413069,0.000017667007,0.00011725314,0.00016575257,0.000037216003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997191,0.000078177596,0.000091478665,0.000016515172,0.00007288615,0.00002172821],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005211895,0.0005217278,0.0004033923,0.0003831511,0.00027019874,0.00043164674,0.0003811509,0.0007179138,0.000120102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008036041,0.0001475333,0.00031911992,0.00046517228,0.00030509458,0.0006832455,0.0002832961,0.0005474083,0.000117934265],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054564014,0.000033185202,0.0009889746,0.000026899399,0.0000067896394,0.000014928015,0.000040458992,0.0002784035,0.99345595,0.000045033714,0.000021844773,0.005032995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029836212,0.00013773072,0.0074291555,0.0000032571756,0.000012912243,0.000060857652,0.00003788184,0.015790395,0.97607815,0.000045426787,0.00038581775,0.000015413105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019202936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014044892,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019202936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052035385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033934336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003818214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075109327","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00114-x","title":"Progress in membrane science and technology for seawater desalination — a review","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03901719465238183,"score_gpt":0.3567208953448394,"score_spread":0.31770370069245757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075109327","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000241357,0.9981772,0.00039072472,0.00016053497,0.0002663715,0.000008630962,0.000031393338,0.000012136615,0.00071170693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00062192493,0.9980044,0.0005854257,0.000118191536,0.00018314105,0.000007637714,0.00004589705,0.0000016372893,0.00043178094],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966574,0.00003236167,0.000056776462,0.00006469707,0.00015758083,0.000022916322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992268,0.0003107701,0.00011206004,0.00002159401,0.0002755687,0.00005323235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010045101,0.0012966255,0.0023539865,0.00293168,0.0004186404,0.0013383655,0.0013982821,0.0011476486,0.0030137184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012367541,0.0003503337,0.00060205825,0.0049689435,0.00044995063,0.002003341,0.0007155993,0.001236498,0.0024838725],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009788984,0.000083355,0.00020129394,0.017793257,0.00009853207,0.0001628762,0.00004933753,0.00035451102,0.005135392,0.0010925824,0.017783351,0.9571476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031641455,0.00017307683,0.0012312903,0.0030909574,0.0002790391,0.0010147969,0.00008945184,0.00013454565,0.0025542032,0.0010706198,0.99029106,0.00003929477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017961791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003367214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030137184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007332825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018144853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010081947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075485580","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20407","title":"Study of cyclic operation of RO desalination process","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Volumetric flow rate; Permeation; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Amplitude; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.008411007231651446,"score_gpt":0.22126472487478574,"score_spread":0.2128537176431343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075485580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977849,0.00015729906,0.0013567316,0.000034757475,0.000011275085,0.000009714764,0.000058463225,0.000038593036,0.00054819573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993061,0.000051851413,0.00043262352,0.000009231749,0.0000028019035,0.000006387569,0.000031068375,0.000004556117,0.00015528574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976057,0.000029672712,0.000011940571,0.000048231967,0.000102394835,0.000047240563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975604,0.00010178946,0.000029255705,0.000028818626,0.000063648906,0.000020564024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024571948,0.00019816114,0.00037297694,0.00020451042,0.00022295566,0.00028443793,0.00034921864,0.00036507996,0.0009955316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063293596,0.00011095556,0.00027782057,0.0002095158,0.00026954853,0.0002834247,0.0002008871,0.0003736964,0.00012354045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048615396,0.000083398576,0.0016282551,0.00013684077,0.00002232448,0.00022920842,0.00012643253,0.004077332,0.9849198,0.00021502364,0.00014348875,0.007931777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028182043,0.0011349709,0.007852591,0.000012450631,0.000027538448,0.00020167023,0.00011134208,0.05996964,0.9291845,0.00013954657,0.001311617,0.000025901998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013653043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011784211,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013653043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002836807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023975907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00333035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076118931","doi":"10.2166/ws.2007.139","title":"Modeling the impact of permeate flux and hydrodynamic conditions on fouling in submerged hollow fiber membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sparging; Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Diffusion; Air sparging; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.009720653218213051,"score_gpt":0.2593866132680341,"score_spread":0.24966596004982103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076118931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690824,0.00020642034,0.02967461,0.00005134638,0.000007806956,0.00002764941,0.000072576746,0.00006358276,0.0008135311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99225086,0.0002719144,0.006394342,0.000012067021,0.000003836543,0.000033313918,0.000056866702,0.0000135199,0.000963354],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998472,0.000039313287,0.000009887786,0.000024163137,0.00004131979,0.00003805392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971265,0.00019182885,0.000040117775,0.00001214562,0.00003220423,0.000010960752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047086793,0.00045957702,0.0004639412,0.00022372845,0.00024171258,0.00053645787,0.00040477212,0.00096365804,0.00034663806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096011546,0.00029989754,0.00069799117,0.00018476238,0.00026567295,0.00069329684,0.00021705897,0.00032330793,0.00009030984],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006445651,0.00006427573,0.0015907092,0.00007981427,0.0000217667,0.00012332345,0.00004058326,0.9147927,0.07888177,0.00046903975,0.00003527818,0.0038363049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074885443,0.000066757275,0.0008045027,0.0000022267477,0.000008829218,0.000017935,0.000012166334,0.98077375,0.018062329,0.00014401047,0.000092249,0.00000772292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0131172035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0062902328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0131172035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009779335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061447953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026081681},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076237352","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.012","title":"Preparation and characterization of highly hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) – Clay nanocomposite nanofiber membranes (PVDF–clay NNMs) for desalination using direct contact membrane distillation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":321,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Nanofiber; Differential scanning calorimetry; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Electrospinning; Wetting; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015273621595583783,"score_gpt":0.2771848634821484,"score_spread":0.2619112418865646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076237352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899901,0.00042958852,0.008517026,0.000073708085,0.00002141326,0.000041335166,0.00017380796,0.00006300493,0.0006900847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99206924,0.00030969665,0.005919784,0.000025047435,0.0000112104335,0.000036559544,0.00021485436,0.00001944296,0.0013942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981135,0.000016308677,0.000018832121,0.000041497555,0.00007823344,0.000033841097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998029,0.000052761625,0.00004484907,0.00001698581,0.0000547761,0.000027769183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029676774,0.0002907712,0.0002515043,0.00026926908,0.00030927785,0.00027065614,0.00015914088,0.00043370383,0.00058315863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031520185,0.00019598223,0.00030683723,0.00015623093,0.00018257888,0.0003739029,0.0001984162,0.00034444215,0.00018478668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014848212,0.000007906851,0.000046709032,0.000015068696,0.0000018629737,0.000018087834,0.000009584057,0.000043841846,0.99942505,0.000012667748,0.000007037632,0.0003972309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039965244,0.0000423064,0.0010097133,0.0000013137889,0.000004168012,0.000043389908,0.000008653643,0.00043865616,0.99812466,0.000008425543,0.00031136422,0.0000032377402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091053837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022711914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00091053837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003132032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021690899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022724867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076384373","doi":"10.2166/wst.2006.877","title":"Optimal performance of an immersed membrane bioreactor equipped with a draft tube for domestic wastewater reclamation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Draft tube; Fouling; Aeration; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Bioreactor; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemistry; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.007788745295033574,"score_gpt":0.23060055769260607,"score_spread":0.2228118123975725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076384373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962496,0.00026333926,0.0031308867,0.000046554986,0.000016768188,0.00001616265,0.000050906736,0.00005652322,0.00016936999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99286336,0.00031475793,0.006299438,0.000017787614,0.0000074964505,0.000021882272,0.00015906434,0.000014219469,0.00030200224],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963665,0.00008040466,0.000041309948,0.00006716338,0.00011081494,0.00006357846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997217,0.000074459254,0.00005856582,0.000017471279,0.00007071848,0.00005720041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005920827,0.00067206006,0.00060308253,0.00027209727,0.00032925472,0.0007688184,0.00048397432,0.0007780953,0.00035954363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010117983,0.00023285394,0.00040165638,0.00023399657,0.00027609128,0.00063091266,0.00030903408,0.00040843754,0.0002856481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014202906,0.00004315989,0.00021371104,0.000027340719,0.000003209982,0.000022824448,0.000018565155,0.00034851357,0.9982936,0.00002168492,0.000012852364,0.00085251295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002097458,0.0008631708,0.0019612121,0.0000064663486,0.000026544687,0.00006410514,0.00003829207,0.0029025583,0.99371547,0.00002261806,0.00036491238,0.000013624269],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014316508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010748217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014316508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005575978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007070168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004045725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076479977","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.043","title":"Integrated biofilter-immersed membrane system for the treatment of humic waters","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Humic acid; Turbidity; Permeation; Total organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.08878950800403003,"score_gpt":0.33403902573597066,"score_spread":0.24524951773194065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076479977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9524195,0.0020342118,0.042945754,0.00017901941,0.00018020629,0.00006163707,0.00054477766,0.00070978113,0.0009250928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9482594,0.0012358017,0.04546455,0.00016136834,0.000037393147,0.000061227955,0.0010696222,0.000043991375,0.0036666158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997843,0.000013970115,0.000013399421,0.00005483006,0.000093945295,0.00003960153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998913,0.000015604766,0.000014011361,0.000009706071,0.00004108357,0.000028194188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016411924,0.0003506426,0.0005023187,0.00019991012,0.00037049732,0.00053723186,0.00073089404,0.0006652802,0.000708934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014904825,0.00018714141,0.00043628697,0.00016442202,0.00011762137,0.00050542044,0.0004938947,0.0005981429,0.00034130397],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010072105,0.000057678943,0.00032580883,0.000040274994,0.000015780128,0.000020665582,0.000011320933,0.000114267925,0.9946109,0.000046951624,0.00009495964,0.004560753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003957133,0.00039514856,0.0031740635,0.000005838564,0.00006980023,0.00016673662,0.000023916,0.005626154,0.9870797,0.00004120029,0.003360538,0.000017367844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00319481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005272706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00319481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005360339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007234218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0063524246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076729073","doi":"10.1002/app.23723","title":"Influence of hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene additives on the poly(ether sulfone) ultra‐filtration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polybutadiene; Polymer chemistry; Ether; Phase inversion; Solvent; Sulfone; Materials science; Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; Casting; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Dimethylacetamide; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Copolymer; Composite material; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006691855180756743,"score_gpt":0.2164066332133965,"score_spread":0.20971477803263977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076729073","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99497825,0.0019081582,0.0018139383,0.00004936757,0.000036181274,0.000023912926,0.00009677617,0.000055410037,0.0010380163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99290574,0.0018794818,0.0031515332,0.000045369132,0.000018951452,0.00003101617,0.00020777874,0.000040820174,0.0017193287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997008,0.000051369563,0.000027452756,0.000048076254,0.00009870422,0.00007369727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999534,0.00016052953,0.00013998176,0.000025280176,0.000077942204,0.000062303945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033434425,0.0007434258,0.00042730418,0.00023852942,0.0002491325,0.0006636331,0.00020407954,0.00037575906,0.0010145666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005994447,0.0003304853,0.00029512084,0.00023384135,0.00022083492,0.0005801384,0.0002537673,0.0006000932,0.0003870683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006405631,0.000009213737,0.000046838093,0.000042193882,0.000006233625,0.000026852798,0.000014273468,0.000049208986,0.99917954,0.000014748609,0.0000074862874,0.0005392986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034051993,0.00006266863,0.00057760807,0.0000057032557,0.00001155378,0.00002336647,0.000009633799,0.00016316277,0.99875057,0.000004386571,0.00038460206,0.0000032461974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000824587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013135249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010145666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003583608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002588155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033940673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076757021","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00473-7","title":"Flux enhancement in reverse osmosis using centrifugal membrane separation","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Membrane; Centrifugal force; Reverse osmosis; Centrifuge; Mechanics; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Forward osmosis; Rotational speed; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.018184947791682032,"score_gpt":0.28913004003874565,"score_spread":0.27094509224706365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076757021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98285747,0.001970525,0.012360237,0.00029431144,0.00009434107,0.00003965887,0.00005438455,0.0001337715,0.0021953445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929022,0.0009752347,0.004500677,0.00006065588,0.00003243717,0.000016580054,0.00005171377,0.00002495759,0.001435492],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998889,0.000023121976,0.0000059522586,0.000020589856,0.00003396115,0.000027484564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998678,0.000048289057,0.000017815619,0.0000087416465,0.000044353877,0.000013085999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003430641,0.0003327825,0.00040988505,0.0002778701,0.0003615325,0.0006136192,0.00027107864,0.0003943045,0.0005293967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002524263,0.00012571288,0.00027474973,0.00017458313,0.00032126805,0.0005807794,0.00023378982,0.0004375185,0.00021289365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001477494,0.00003095976,0.00013686964,0.00005682351,0.0000038334524,0.000025355113,0.000020354471,0.00018507833,0.99472296,0.00038565157,0.00008239467,0.0042020376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001382254,0.000071385155,0.00067468267,0.0000032189114,0.000009110629,0.000031097483,0.000011057039,0.0026339616,0.9955895,0.00006345145,0.00089312036,0.0000056048675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017276971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013348274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017276971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072001247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003582187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005224049},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078685984","doi":"10.1002/bit.10171","title":"Continuous protein recovery from whey using liquid‐solid circulating fluidized bed ion‐exchange extraction","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidized bed; Whey protein; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Effluent; Chemistry; Ion-exchange resin; Ion exchange; Whey protein isolate; Protein purification; Fluidized bed combustion; Ion; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.020426799368318333,"score_gpt":0.22735169135587396,"score_spread":0.20692489198755562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078685984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96797633,0.0027104763,0.02816598,0.00011882238,0.000020254001,0.000098012075,0.0002744947,0.0002318235,0.0004036986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9338711,0.0025129307,0.05932307,0.00006569274,0.00002087083,0.000105352396,0.0010236333,0.0001186734,0.002958867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996271,0.000054771484,0.00002432355,0.000097903016,0.00014082661,0.000055030912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978346,0.00005933855,0.00004391252,0.000018669389,0.00006276259,0.00003183284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059906865,0.0007567288,0.0010413295,0.0003381135,0.00046573553,0.0009735609,0.00061705476,0.00055654644,0.00033617168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048774134,0.00026862186,0.00038371113,0.00044919812,0.0003415071,0.0005938358,0.0004995708,0.0007591379,0.00030073905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006585562,0.000015532627,0.000072138464,0.000038470727,0.000004681717,0.00002445747,0.000012898227,0.000053717562,0.9976761,0.000006382803,0.0000127191415,0.002017066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018526067,0.00024554535,0.0011629277,0.0000063505536,0.000022045908,0.00008153265,0.000016959795,0.00092381693,0.99668676,0.000011318841,0.0008131884,0.000010944263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027476742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042531067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027476742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044647002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000594818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005463302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079108395","doi":"10.1021/la027083c","title":"Effect of Membrane Surface Roughness on Colloid−Membrane DLVO Interactions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":486,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"DLVO theory; Membrane; Colloid; Surface roughness; Surface finish; Chemical physics; Particle (ecology); Deposition (geology); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Surface energy; Particle deposition; Interaction energy; Chemistry; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Molecule; Geology","score_opus":0.010136562199446022,"score_gpt":0.2666129071264863,"score_spread":0.25647634492704025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079108395","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925914,0.0011284497,0.004472586,0.00010518473,0.000032863176,0.000013781164,0.000040026745,0.00006011357,0.001555601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983504,0.00041469035,0.00087582774,0.000022809296,0.0000050913545,0.0000053707563,0.000027760856,0.0000130017015,0.000285109],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938154,0.000116093455,0.000030180185,0.00006038867,0.00026258023,0.00014921627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986879,0.000923596,0.00011593579,0.000083950814,0.00012241185,0.00006624345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058988674,0.00047505394,0.00040591226,0.00024658738,0.00039307837,0.0007535294,0.0003151826,0.000661132,0.0008059369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024386656,0.0003099086,0.00056053523,0.00013861657,0.00034576096,0.00052146503,0.00048265967,0.0006138831,0.0002860438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020547009,0.00003982433,0.0014122541,0.00011078097,0.00004567868,0.00021770061,0.00006513217,0.008632718,0.984159,0.0007737702,0.00008045395,0.004257419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024029432,0.00026895944,0.0035338197,0.000010493317,0.00005809621,0.00012336807,0.000062260886,0.046688545,0.94814116,0.0003549114,0.0007056869,0.000028584629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011983356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008344981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011983356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034616233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017035009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003119707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079200138","doi":"10.1021/es902862j","title":"Produced Water Treatment by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Cetylpyridinium chloride; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Permeation; Micelle; Critical micelle concentration; Chromatography; Dissolution; Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004142724837002136,"score_gpt":0.20836996240880745,"score_spread":0.2042272375718053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079200138","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9570848,0.0011809669,0.040365554,0.00007629444,0.000023217088,0.00012238241,0.00020978063,0.00026689455,0.0006701543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96914536,0.0010003842,0.027843341,0.00004375768,0.000008936025,0.00006494883,0.0002570357,0.00004938178,0.0015869625],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998229,0.000022045619,0.00001381909,0.000045946137,0.00006160257,0.000033650325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993944,0.000010436084,0.000020069287,0.0000041418702,0.000020128053,0.000005782363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025211653,0.00052793993,0.00043079173,0.00028009078,0.00022383065,0.00042394196,0.0002895954,0.00045450605,0.0002754159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002505164,0.00014697824,0.00038937439,0.0003211682,0.00019279394,0.00043681258,0.00024014984,0.000439516,0.0001859449],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019871912,0.000012314968,0.00010499476,0.000025409823,0.0000027187402,0.000014774058,0.000008844763,0.00016982885,0.997869,0.000039019604,0.000012880683,0.001720353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004573759,0.00007782842,0.00045009347,0.0000011389004,0.000005328787,0.000024482513,0.000004146605,0.00077512546,0.99803025,0.000018961791,0.0006049001,0.0000032314806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027091573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027492258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027091573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005276077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034517603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00538677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079224521","doi":"10.1002/app.31739","title":"Key factors affecting the manufacture of hydrophobic ultrafiltration membranes for surface water treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Wetting; Permeation; Casting; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Differential scanning calorimetry; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009900234767991109,"score_gpt":0.2381840170482909,"score_spread":0.22828378228029977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079224521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931161,0.0012058294,0.0048236744,0.000058106536,0.0000180456,0.00006530951,0.00011756104,0.000033645974,0.0005618275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907831,0.0012677485,0.007183028,0.000021519787,0.000011258965,0.000042194097,0.00016771883,0.000027972232,0.0004955318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992493,0.0002066054,0.0000875531,0.000093842034,0.00028355708,0.00007923761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988601,0.00052295125,0.00037497008,0.00004589848,0.000147685,0.000048390695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010643668,0.0006468623,0.00058053643,0.00026773795,0.0002790502,0.00075298967,0.00025115733,0.00032505445,0.0006107428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018582782,0.00029561308,0.00030627986,0.00027469578,0.0003794419,0.0007632239,0.00029014674,0.00048967457,0.00027731407],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008451838,0.000019765735,0.00034322304,0.00008777933,0.000007215894,0.000026080123,0.0000151734685,0.00021774358,0.99776185,0.000031731262,0.000009055999,0.0013958015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029225698,0.00008242803,0.0012987156,0.000003660051,0.000010297242,0.00001960958,0.000009999788,0.00025171507,0.9981312,0.000009711984,0.00017686652,0.0000027604442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008424986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012802857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010643668,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005014299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043352344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056289434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079707457","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.019","title":"Membrane fouling mechanisms of a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal process","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Aeration; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Adsorption; Clogging; Chromatography; Organic matter; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.019229719425807805,"score_gpt":0.28443476144323654,"score_spread":0.2652050420174287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079707457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977069,0.00024331029,0.0016177321,0.000043960114,0.00000958391,0.000009094845,0.000021793858,0.000012837511,0.00033470246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986619,0.00012614785,0.0005527289,0.000014701195,0.000003350629,0.0000050763592,0.000028111062,0.0000026014689,0.00060540246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982494,0.000025503297,0.0000105845675,0.00002090058,0.000070163216,0.000047918435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989295,0.00003887737,0.000016574028,0.000008087588,0.000032981075,0.0000105429035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029097614,0.00023220835,0.0002852328,0.00020019549,0.0002872342,0.00034287185,0.00041019497,0.0006305775,0.0004895455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032299123,0.00016048046,0.00028707512,0.000095623494,0.0002694134,0.0004015641,0.00022469427,0.00041125488,0.00012961018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001758379,0.000021905687,0.00020839827,0.000030977615,0.000008107834,0.000058968963,0.000029645236,0.00032084438,0.99769235,0.00018053419,0.00001577603,0.0012568155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010257998,0.000120111225,0.0010451983,0.0000016173309,0.000011698824,0.000054896667,0.000022905315,0.0027827534,0.9956519,0.00006338823,0.00023062731,0.0000047026388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015745237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007970888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015745237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038896056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024692994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031306744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079717809","doi":"10.1039/c1cc16217a","title":"Towards antibiofouling ultrafiltration membranes by blending silver containing surface modifying macromolecules","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.05796091282066221,"score_gpt":0.2791103545506489,"score_spread":0.2211494417299867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079717809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93031216,0.0036195444,0.062827885,0.0004083888,0.00012130419,0.000064492226,0.00004994678,0.00035735258,0.0022389216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94931287,0.002938885,0.042331308,0.0001538254,0.000026862226,0.000039913906,0.000101581376,0.00007348575,0.005021349],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998567,0.00002719835,0.000012946788,0.0000281723,0.0000478825,0.000026937065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999081,0.000019052299,0.000023642731,0.0000073871915,0.000026867892,0.000015020325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035112698,0.00046913183,0.0001991645,0.00018527203,0.00018684134,0.00038620806,0.00034957688,0.0006327559,0.00044129396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027147977,0.00025809745,0.00024067108,0.00015930698,0.00019864638,0.0004258186,0.00022087575,0.0004774682,0.00041307192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022216618,0.000012851764,0.000054708544,0.00003799893,0.0000031171198,0.000022994956,0.000018772716,0.00009800291,0.99668604,0.00012171387,0.000040132723,0.0028815193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041408425,0.00003997706,0.000094151445,0.0000020568252,0.0000047995095,0.000052716354,0.0000040402165,0.00049212284,0.99850214,0.000027350421,0.00077411614,0.0000025213683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060937525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007667877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006327559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022685055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021148249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018569827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080180820","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.020","title":"Power induced by bubbles of different sizes and frequencies on to hollow fibers in submerged membrane systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Fouling; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.041439062763173294,"score_gpt":0.2943867143083978,"score_spread":0.25294765154522453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080180820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970208,0.00023436543,0.0019709906,0.000035980236,0.00001627439,0.000009631192,0.000046141635,0.000034243505,0.00063156703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99864894,0.00011894711,0.00046468124,0.000013587717,0.000007530016,0.000006480442,0.000031760042,0.000011016268,0.0006971775],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998708,0.000015670781,0.0000066784432,0.000026495625,0.00004143627,0.00003883093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976605,0.00010486532,0.00004596158,0.000016207237,0.00003968436,0.000027161826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018650583,0.00020122872,0.00023210628,0.00015960148,0.00019510646,0.00026575328,0.0002443197,0.00023842572,0.0018505722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003733613,0.0001350744,0.00023146826,0.00015255422,0.00031756572,0.0003846203,0.00021495107,0.00031900342,0.00021322761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018220766,0.000013814731,0.0001498262,0.0000287283,0.0000032939747,0.000039053237,0.000045100373,0.00023595798,0.9977285,0.00010782173,0.00003143296,0.0014342563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008822492,0.00012195323,0.0010497927,0.000002288126,0.0000041255894,0.000013269985,0.000024844447,0.0016334803,0.9968868,0.000053421307,0.0001986128,0.0000025769482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079637015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006298369,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018505722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034307278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015039522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006190777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080760754","doi":"10.1021/cr800208y","title":"Surface Modifications for Antifouling Membranes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phone; Citation; Social media; Library science; World Wide Web; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.1323987953839698,"score_gpt":0.38056629854073704,"score_spread":0.24816750315676725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080760754","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3342709,0.08605219,0.11246896,0.01119717,0.028840013,0.0019463463,0.013549275,0.0119458325,0.39972922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5021042,0.038131263,0.05070702,0.0033122082,0.0015367309,0.0007969353,0.010924894,0.0020771674,0.39040953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995797,0.000027540866,0.00002057197,0.000060505223,0.00023057814,0.000081096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998331,0.000028356302,0.00002329598,0.00003344909,0.000055423985,0.000026373295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031627284,0.0006960973,0.00041912097,0.0006168866,0.00042642144,0.0004851521,0.00048746806,0.00075605704,0.06477388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045355954,0.0003225152,0.000587382,0.0004804566,0.00012121723,0.00081806927,0.00070639147,0.0011707894,0.024120739],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017813046,0.00014500823,0.0002898007,0.00069299137,0.000047329595,0.0002393631,0.00006872998,0.00016610949,0.8311494,0.0021900416,0.050799046,0.11403402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035803267,0.000366551,0.0019427342,0.000054247084,0.000031880092,0.00042880536,0.000037536498,0.00067544146,0.6457952,0.00050828326,0.35009095,0.000032527663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025012594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063551276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06477388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030461737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017568056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21669024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081223162","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.029","title":"Foulant analysis of modified and unmodified membranes for water and wastewater treatment with LC-OCD","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Adsorption; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Biofouling; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02021030922310615,"score_gpt":0.25030228359627893,"score_spread":0.23009197437317278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081223162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99537647,0.00082076585,0.0029071923,0.000024567793,0.000028775135,0.00002280255,0.00016825969,0.00002826366,0.00062278216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928941,0.0005635603,0.004436196,0.00005029995,0.000008813552,0.000029943607,0.00032926368,0.000023638599,0.0016641289],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997842,0.000023245108,0.000016731265,0.00002863577,0.00008832432,0.000058968133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983454,0.00005221228,0.000018958337,0.000014154899,0.000058441583,0.000021754691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027214838,0.0003342282,0.00035773765,0.00056896324,0.00040026236,0.00040364367,0.00024623025,0.0005348376,0.0006607868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006924123,0.00014457977,0.00034373443,0.0002714702,0.00025969747,0.00023623016,0.00022713732,0.00033241566,0.00017273505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014030744,0.000011393656,0.00017892892,0.00002730666,0.000007019501,0.00001865055,0.00001892289,0.000061090075,0.9980556,0.000029534835,0.000012986637,0.0014383659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046477426,0.0000669406,0.0013799769,0.0000028273957,0.000012065309,0.000025425774,0.000014150049,0.00030336453,0.9978271,0.0000117197205,0.00034745524,0.000004424358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004941557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0069318335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004941557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060803303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045539142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009825587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081378917","doi":"10.1002/1097-4628(20000822)77:8<1782::aid-app15>3.0.co;2-5","title":"Solvent and pH resistance of surface crosslinked chitosan/poly(acrylonitrile) composite nanofiltration membranes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Glutaraldehyde; Solvent; Swelling; Acrylonitrile; Chemistry; Solubility; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Hildebrand solubility parameter; Aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Copolymer","score_opus":0.007588738033835324,"score_gpt":0.23092089687967052,"score_spread":0.22333215884583518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081378917","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99567246,0.0011825424,0.0026110809,0.000039781735,0.000015879106,0.000011802377,0.000077406046,0.000033535987,0.00035548967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99427235,0.0010574851,0.003455938,0.000040052375,0.000015614874,0.000022419594,0.00017559716,0.000018711473,0.0009418088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998211,0.00002391321,0.000017402192,0.00003339107,0.00007086965,0.000033287768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972206,0.00007652585,0.00009211134,0.000016224169,0.000066222936,0.00002674944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032822735,0.00032045008,0.00021463649,0.00017826908,0.000119654585,0.0002489689,0.00018213548,0.00037527687,0.00039122562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050966925,0.00015293638,0.0002828732,0.00011250123,0.0001368773,0.00047464765,0.00014155504,0.00034623014,0.00011825882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003532569,0.0000045056404,0.00003947734,0.000015443044,0.0000023385232,0.000015046915,0.0000067149726,0.00005946394,0.99936527,0.000008462534,0.0000053005792,0.0004426372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062879412,0.00011226719,0.0012989714,0.0000024316037,0.00000787304,0.00007721127,0.000006273955,0.00057679997,0.9977076,0.000010322411,0.00018976237,0.000004173142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006145997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006746006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006145997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034593637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010701056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002509892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083859288","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850502","title":"Initial Deposition of Colloidal Particles on a Rough Nanofiltration Membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Particle deposition; Surface roughness; Chemical engineering; Colloid; Membrane fouling; Deposition (geology); Cross-flow filtration; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Drag; Surface finish; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polystyrene; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Polymer; Mechanics; Geology","score_opus":0.010445999382612857,"score_gpt":0.21321136164834498,"score_spread":0.2027653622657321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083859288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962245,0.00034363856,0.0026170344,0.000023828119,0.000012758993,0.000020480678,0.000058516882,0.000047344867,0.00065200566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962004,0.0002082925,0.0027201255,0.000023214148,0.000006679703,0.000012553095,0.00008422001,0.00001771138,0.0007268598],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970764,0.000026241863,0.000017894645,0.00004818831,0.0001328079,0.00006721019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966145,0.0001388055,0.000046420784,0.0000376013,0.00007613642,0.000039561146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032321023,0.0002452385,0.00041106658,0.00023122056,0.0003016082,0.0003498591,0.0001465222,0.00036479242,0.0005350089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006724973,0.00021339052,0.00032052983,0.00011228602,0.00027016655,0.00029444098,0.00022847988,0.0003999986,0.00021897012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023290193,0.000004519102,0.000121440484,0.000012208351,0.0000034705313,0.000028580733,0.000021143422,0.00010740261,0.9992092,0.00002140594,0.0000101300975,0.0004371353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004672722,0.000107841086,0.0026136562,0.0000031491702,0.0000057588213,0.000039351886,0.000023174653,0.001417118,0.9955047,0.000014532564,0.00026139454,0.0000046720493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021004425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001382453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021004425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042207193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022634759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041764975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084196595","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.023","title":"A novel approach for high-resolution protein–protein separation by ultrafiltration using a dual-facilitating agent","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Myoglobin; Lysozyme; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Resolution (logic); Biochemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.029652979408349017,"score_gpt":0.28109167885591074,"score_spread":0.2514386994475617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084196595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5078371,0.0068782466,0.4775168,0.00082557026,0.0004141899,0.00044643888,0.00032731608,0.0016020909,0.0041522337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6091866,0.004547379,0.37603775,0.0003096473,0.00015707643,0.00040044764,0.00062358595,0.00017033971,0.008567131],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998398,0.000018338244,0.000011219847,0.00005270463,0.00005046026,0.00002756837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998987,0.00001830174,0.000021851989,0.00001857705,0.000018409679,0.000024302955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031299485,0.000740596,0.0006006918,0.00028867248,0.00055592455,0.00046638303,0.00088370574,0.00078081083,0.0004449384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016498347,0.00041487892,0.00044833095,0.00017600282,0.0003293828,0.00082022394,0.0005975051,0.0013559072,0.00051687646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029834478,0.000027523996,0.00003569524,0.000044769775,0.0000057471907,0.000053293497,0.000015197414,0.000031825886,0.995764,0.0003352438,0.000089108886,0.0035678025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013725207,0.00007912507,0.00029334845,0.0000032699866,0.000016995826,0.00047515158,0.00000595921,0.0011279259,0.992469,0.0001166022,0.0053833514,0.000015577798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058355596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007269886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088370574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043449772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005503758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031525493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084455060","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.648","title":"Market and design considerations of the 37 larger MBR plants in Europe","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Maturity (psychological); Environmental engineering; Energy demand; Environmental science; Engineering; Environmental economics; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02401477506682311,"score_gpt":0.23766420218353956,"score_spread":0.21364942711671644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084455060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79221964,0.008107196,0.019453954,0.0089095505,0.00020480606,0.00033783654,0.0021236965,0.0010010262,0.16764222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9384696,0.001769089,0.012172456,0.0015159989,0.00011383585,0.00010302971,0.0011329914,0.00017018671,0.044552803],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909925,0.00016584479,0.000034705085,0.00021786313,0.00028768825,0.00019479814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840206,0.00076203595,0.00012887619,0.00011009035,0.00035708604,0.00023984746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002724055,0.00040053815,0.00042108333,0.0011132631,0.0008899172,0.0028327708,0.0009024466,0.0015920883,0.021398729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001957917,0.0002881256,0.000983731,0.00056140573,0.00047795725,0.001719477,0.0006523781,0.000795612,0.0020834773],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003729622,0.0008278675,0.017362226,0.00093122624,0.00010957055,0.0030088057,0.0012356124,0.021278203,0.26605803,0.1221774,0.02575981,0.53752166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058814377,0.004700123,0.12791531,0.00044873098,0.0002758347,0.0028123292,0.0039743176,0.021115046,0.08759437,0.015127935,0.7351816,0.0002662231],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008789542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012017011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021398729,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003473319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019713102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.071585834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085065254","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2003.07.003","title":"Manufacturing conditions of surface-modified membranes: effects on ultrafiltration performance","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Membrane technology; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Materials science; Polypropylene; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011799485594348482,"score_gpt":0.25706787107788204,"score_spread":0.24526838548353355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085065254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98647296,0.005277973,0.006586842,0.00019116398,0.00013401386,0.00006825652,0.00038285923,0.00011983575,0.0007659909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875414,0.003341537,0.0077209743,0.00012383318,0.000052362357,0.00006929915,0.00047500854,0.0001298153,0.00054577005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880505,0.000348236,0.00019993373,0.00018947117,0.0003028584,0.0001544734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978567,0.0010680275,0.00047907094,0.0001269049,0.0003660849,0.00010326884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012900131,0.00078271714,0.00075467955,0.00041417143,0.00045892427,0.0010635756,0.00040727522,0.0010261877,0.0007028868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004537523,0.0005184861,0.0005789536,0.00059761066,0.00034249274,0.0010864794,0.00039072154,0.0008105004,0.0003376849],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007933606,0.00004812863,0.0003237028,0.000146427,0.000022267519,0.000048107748,0.000056652087,0.00020761362,0.99596643,0.000024744506,0.000043001946,0.0023195466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012401661,0.00020549975,0.0011376404,0.0000072320795,0.000034723118,0.00004306153,0.00001817557,0.00020991388,0.9979563,0.000012258895,0.00035271494,0.000010142755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013511749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011723433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013511749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004719106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038092857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006822288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085126056","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22102","title":"A multiscale approach to study dead end microfiltration of mono and bidispersed particle suspensions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Particle deposition; Microfiltration; Microscale chemistry; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Deposition (geology); Particle size; Micronization; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Process engineering; Composite material; Membrane; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.011913659433802758,"score_gpt":0.1987765077752636,"score_spread":0.18686284834146083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085126056","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8284932,0.0007865052,0.16895662,0.000063779655,0.000025330533,0.000048388563,0.00014707583,0.00017462623,0.0013046019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9612874,0.0002991833,0.037652563,0.000014169754,0.0000065384106,0.000046489153,0.00007601652,0.000014529469,0.0006030999],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994075,0.000005457863,0.000003564505,0.000016840493,0.000019439049,0.000013948644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992657,0.000025629171,0.000013332465,0.00001028743,0.000013751105,0.000010455095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016691582,0.00019250445,0.0002541123,0.00026018074,0.00014227467,0.00028095866,0.00025075776,0.00036790577,0.00031986923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015639892,0.00012949381,0.00030720254,0.0001499333,0.00018670563,0.00023569472,0.00023801782,0.00035481312,0.000072512776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027542013,0.000034371777,0.0008990639,0.000048604645,0.00001732087,0.00010774037,0.00004336307,0.014831924,0.9788866,0.0011164808,0.000032089698,0.0039549363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009981232,0.00017136236,0.010128929,0.000007773836,0.000018806846,0.00013256198,0.000050627135,0.7445961,0.24281627,0.0009777338,0.0010689301,0.00002093716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011845174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009874847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011845174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029936992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015938476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023552775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085188109","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.042","title":"Thin film composite membrane — Recent development and future potential","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Desalination; Membrane; Biofouling; Phase inversion; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Interfacial polymerization; Thin film; Substrate (aquarium); Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Composite material; Monomer; Chemistry; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Polymer","score_opus":0.008239739405948672,"score_gpt":0.21865666463113817,"score_spread":0.2104169252251895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085188109","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03520323,0.9373625,0.011599821,0.006239331,0.00084458326,0.00002053797,0.00011957759,0.00015273232,0.008457625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.24095763,0.7194232,0.01970254,0.002589576,0.001628295,0.000034253364,0.0003228852,0.000035403187,0.015306282],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987555,0.000016614887,0.00000865261,0.000027929074,0.000046378456,0.000024844898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997893,0.00005716752,0.000040363477,0.0000072091093,0.000072050236,0.000033884495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008763599,0.00039487705,0.00037142032,0.00047273634,0.00022134716,0.0009428015,0.00053308887,0.0009187756,0.0029697446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003768264,0.00015769273,0.00030633155,0.00047889948,0.00034703864,0.0016549905,0.0003152998,0.00065650325,0.0008332962],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008013221,0.0002948158,0.0013553471,0.0032356016,0.00014005064,0.0004153182,0.00007360295,0.0010490685,0.23029172,0.008493481,0.008744752,0.7451049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000106353524,0.0022803864,0.0062526367,0.00060855754,0.00029772677,0.0026883765,0.00033961114,0.007243881,0.30601364,0.0068418276,0.6672168,0.000110145666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054173835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00097308884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029697446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048780948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007031066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009934783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085509889","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.073","title":"Fate of copper in submerged membrane bioreactors treating synthetic municipal wastewater","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copper; Hydraulic retention time; Wastewater; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01493828064014698,"score_gpt":0.2542066979034265,"score_spread":0.2392684172632795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085509889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988991,0.00021001724,0.00035553696,0.000047147398,0.000021059474,0.0000060865505,0.00009003634,0.00001636965,0.00035464755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982482,0.00016376349,0.0003660178,0.000013019353,0.000006137714,0.0000050541366,0.00008579754,0.000008359336,0.0011035623],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996917,0.000055997447,0.000023712486,0.0000548299,0.00008556313,0.00008824165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997154,0.00008664778,0.000050352945,0.000018498939,0.000098902216,0.000030066685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036033904,0.00045407627,0.0005445796,0.00038553157,0.00063346856,0.0011994673,0.00042444357,0.00087780075,0.0006286366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005498213,0.0002496906,0.00040253645,0.00028401086,0.0003835082,0.0004359286,0.0003171255,0.0004677559,0.00027275205],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009881378,0.00007531011,0.0012626344,0.00007594784,0.000017997265,0.00016898105,0.000122057725,0.0006840607,0.993436,0.000075438926,0.00012551811,0.0029680089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002165309,0.00045819225,0.002372534,0.000009267685,0.000018769613,0.000054792068,0.00022935365,0.003151232,0.99317306,0.000058380443,0.00044087818,0.000011789457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012064283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0075300587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012064283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015247675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00097624015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023988128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085884464","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.032","title":"Shear profiles inside gas sparged submerged hollow fiber membrane modules","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Sparging; Membrane; Fouling; Air sparging; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Nozzle; Diffuser (optics); Fiber; Membrane fouling; Bubble; Shear (geology); Composite material; Mechanics; Chemistry; Optics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.016596989411236978,"score_gpt":0.25888611531429145,"score_spread":0.2422891259030545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085884464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981976,0.000103250546,0.0010535785,0.000021317808,0.000011609959,0.0000058089095,0.00016897041,0.000036759047,0.0004009625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982553,0.0000952727,0.0006007617,0.000015334335,0.0000063075477,0.000006503242,0.00018093761,0.000012267271,0.0008273321],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982196,0.000018317904,0.000013378781,0.000037253943,0.00006211339,0.00004710687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957234,0.000094403484,0.00013316378,0.000028632869,0.00011086605,0.000060605606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027139875,0.00024560402,0.00034454348,0.00018842716,0.0003105889,0.00062989246,0.0002462378,0.00042597592,0.0014500162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031755512,0.0001992897,0.00022711135,0.00018828386,0.00030713575,0.00045885978,0.00026964364,0.00050259725,0.00033773028],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007720047,0.000028483615,0.001230599,0.000022879023,0.000009407449,0.000074665266,0.00010756639,0.0012216053,0.99504685,0.00018525374,0.0000630706,0.0012377404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016530446,0.0004332109,0.01184931,0.000009140322,0.0000158996,0.00003201685,0.00012871892,0.006340163,0.9806889,0.000060073635,0.00041298577,0.000013072744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085689867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00060302764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014500162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047369447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002403936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004850745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086593123","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2008.0376","title":"Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Efficient Collection of Environmental Nanoparticles from Aqueous Suspensions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010637185727582713,"score_gpt":0.25130694146152294,"score_spread":0.24066975573394023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086593123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49587503,0.0018120793,0.49576682,0.00034692624,0.00015545909,0.00059868407,0.00073644595,0.0024017075,0.002306841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.62647164,0.001560378,0.36680248,0.00026184434,0.00008676702,0.00073549605,0.0007980545,0.00010110028,0.003182318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993647,0.00011839869,0.000051548755,0.00009247107,0.0003364974,0.000036367615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995059,0.00023151097,0.0000682349,0.000056654884,0.00011305229,0.000024651794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008327442,0.0003456535,0.00036138226,0.00073932664,0.00047697785,0.00052004715,0.0006901655,0.0005342535,0.0005274216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000840008,0.0001911927,0.00027548705,0.000409054,0.00031590275,0.00084010966,0.00052845647,0.00055693515,0.0003796959],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049987004,0.00008267812,0.0006390525,0.00010246509,0.000011140957,0.000038778737,0.0000742964,0.00026134134,0.97657996,0.00036383024,0.0002944755,0.021502022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004701858,0.00027640178,0.0049513592,0.000019651488,0.00002709576,0.00030823116,0.000044266224,0.0120655,0.96764016,0.00020330389,0.014375869,0.000041113595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085657503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013972244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00085657503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043300074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048628182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004404068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088360517","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2008.08.002","title":"Membrane mass transport modeling with the periodic boundary condition","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Laminar flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Boundary value problem; Permeation; Chemistry; Periodic boundary conditions; Fluent; Flow (mathematics); Immersed boundary method; Volumetric flow rate; Boundary (topology); Materials science; Membrane; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008020422903601023,"score_gpt":0.17989481367150725,"score_spread":0.17187439076790623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088360517","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27275267,0.0009263972,0.6654774,0.0014873849,0.00047455242,0.000099826255,0.00043108637,0.0005712617,0.057779457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9404318,0.00041108418,0.043054756,0.00012657329,0.00010171894,0.00016272151,0.00021318633,0.00010337962,0.015394921],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998977,0.0000249593,0.000004858482,0.000018406361,0.00003557996,0.000018494762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999843,0.000063433734,0.000022844704,0.000023456767,0.000031005573,0.000016181257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002183601,0.000413975,0.00061020255,0.00028026494,0.0004883552,0.00061735394,0.0011213634,0.0015517938,0.0020843996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079622184,0.0003722851,0.0006188517,0.00028305233,0.000557363,0.0009070064,0.00062186323,0.00065248593,0.00037842357],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045687993,0.00004149388,0.0003228545,0.00006258646,0.00001998753,0.00016702048,0.00004089076,0.92991686,0.007313134,0.0555869,0.0009211418,0.0055614538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055842347,0.0000052801233,0.000057060046,0.0000021188332,0.0000022406823,0.000008549319,0.0000035580656,0.9952181,0.00068280956,0.0036619077,0.0003497107,0.0000031484558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006118735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022212234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006118735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005634546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008730382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012166262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088540416","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810358","title":"Gas/Liquid Two‐phase Flow in a Flat Sheet Filtration Module: Measurement of Local Wall Shear Stresses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Air sparging; Mechanics; Cross-flow filtration; Shear (geology); Two-phase flow; Sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Composite material; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.013457632574242267,"score_gpt":0.2080607450119489,"score_spread":0.19460311243770664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088540416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998555,0.000044768232,0.0012288989,0.0000051554534,0.0000030195872,0.0000048020665,0.00003492291,0.00001975918,0.000103697595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979196,0.00006085725,0.0015799351,0.000009094304,0.0000033341696,0.000009827249,0.00006256718,0.0000035615842,0.00035115326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990964,0.00001303846,0.000004630369,0.00001836823,0.000037770587,0.000016526765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987245,0.00003134031,0.00003410714,0.000008424849,0.000027114736,0.000026641083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015197201,0.00032041708,0.00020574672,0.00030109767,0.0002062167,0.00024414598,0.00014410038,0.00022272386,0.00047653518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014533085,0.00011924897,0.00014221201,0.00021969264,0.0001985396,0.0001620027,0.00012248172,0.00025791812,0.0000882498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069375645,0.000019894927,0.00041963567,0.00000864055,0.0000025856812,0.00001648932,0.000025022986,0.00009232068,0.9982857,0.000010764706,0.000008655286,0.001040875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007114206,0.00025528914,0.014427524,0.0000021075648,0.000009917343,0.000041572788,0.00003572367,0.0020877107,0.98299867,0.00001470851,0.00011343132,0.0000061130045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011827868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009903159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011827868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017121088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000168062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023518205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089310838","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0080","title":"Pretreatment impacts on biopolymers in adjacent ultrafiltration plants","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Biofilter; Water treatment; Ozone; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004835674566920015,"score_gpt":0.21564710139485652,"score_spread":0.2108114268279365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089310838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984037,0.00008501014,0.0010634674,0.000014194012,0.0000065425556,0.000030099633,0.00009337811,0.000043274493,0.00026024366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99659216,0.00013174776,0.0023879688,0.00002759698,0.0000032847865,0.000048208123,0.00020599492,0.000022972275,0.0005801633],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956125,0.00004643654,0.000029888588,0.00012778268,0.00012942191,0.00010524155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994326,0.00018281535,0.00012683832,0.000047790258,0.00013793139,0.00007183691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004327212,0.00043401984,0.00055145693,0.00021644354,0.00086670415,0.00097224186,0.0004818846,0.0005879253,0.0011512428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009385791,0.00028616408,0.00044390705,0.0003572755,0.00031090915,0.00052615826,0.00045297298,0.00070825295,0.00026731277],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021383517,0.00007175428,0.0012522693,0.00004901189,0.000009755645,0.00005064501,0.00005740353,0.00046854123,0.9961337,0.00002223728,0.000018779694,0.0016521554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027380502,0.0012055255,0.036848355,0.000007285674,0.00006676832,0.000071910115,0.00019948058,0.002238567,0.95851964,0.000037605027,0.00076244614,0.000014984646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009415986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010270003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009415986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012066144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006642738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018722355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089324605","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.584","title":"Comparing the desalination performance of SMM blended polyethersulfone to SMM blended polyetherimide membranes by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Tasmania","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Phase inversion; Materials science; Desalination; Permeation; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Wetting; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01787927326401344,"score_gpt":0.2442058327245232,"score_spread":0.22632655946050975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089324605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986285,0.00019630777,0.00064007763,0.000017128385,0.000010455642,0.0000056155513,0.000071163624,0.000014498873,0.00041621458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99644536,0.00023616635,0.0011140187,0.000013178356,0.0000053211975,0.00000943854,0.00012884877,0.000009644674,0.0020380588],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979025,0.000020886166,0.00001621516,0.000036301033,0.00009117606,0.0000451399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982566,0.00004845558,0.00002379618,0.000015981439,0.00006759727,0.000018536231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022589139,0.0003027306,0.00030961298,0.0001961716,0.00022416125,0.00031250826,0.00024717653,0.00041016136,0.0017702584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039364237,0.0001375793,0.00032347254,0.00023995004,0.00014918731,0.0005905055,0.00019187463,0.00043173297,0.00039105467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028069565,0.000020962822,0.00024653328,0.00004479816,0.0000064248748,0.000018911693,0.000023777764,0.00012669138,0.99723095,0.000023523191,0.000019773632,0.0019570626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026443558,0.0000854183,0.000862126,6.5670605e-7,0.000004661624,0.000011651577,0.00000929051,0.00038455563,0.99844426,0.0000032480193,0.00018946725,0.0000021107749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013237585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027780528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017702584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034526834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002109484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005922079},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090505123","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.015","title":"Study on the structure and vacuum membrane distillation performance of PVDF composite membranes: I. Influence of blending","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Permeation; Phase inversion; Scanning electron microscope; Materials science; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.010807499115998162,"score_gpt":0.25183492677357816,"score_spread":0.24102742765758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090505123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742943,0.0009989796,0.0008843136,0.000028704135,0.000011698293,0.00000630566,0.0000521595,0.0000086828695,0.0005797588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997783,0.00064613915,0.00064902264,0.000014856495,0.000006277146,0.000008259703,0.00009168639,0.000009102169,0.00079166587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998634,0.000018528022,0.0000080812115,0.000033973112,0.000047480025,0.000028517466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998282,0.000059142567,0.00003745542,0.0000128677875,0.00004990611,0.000012334641],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016335845,0.00021543118,0.00018397182,0.00014192183,0.00019021698,0.00022483165,0.00019350926,0.00030880966,0.0007854227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036455042,0.00013560067,0.0002712234,0.00018288361,0.00017211602,0.00047684574,0.0001304776,0.0004138953,0.00017653074],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115332965,0.000017983633,0.0002113842,0.00004418039,0.0000046250493,0.00002110632,0.000027252932,0.000113988,0.99828666,0.000052449002,0.00001526503,0.0010896381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027397095,0.000108777414,0.0014485106,0.0000025812212,0.000009338285,0.00002663977,0.000016584763,0.0005245167,0.9974975,0.000012221294,0.0003476531,0.000002793852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008696819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006813867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008696819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018652485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012901807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026274323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091732643","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.10.037","title":"Identification of wastewater sludge characteristics to predict critical flux for membrane bioreactor processes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Colloid; Bioreactor; Membrane; Volatile suspended solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Suspended solids; Filter (signal processing); Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05662036581118429,"score_gpt":0.3571792298045963,"score_spread":0.30055886399341203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091732643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970279,0.0002433003,0.028560357,0.00008501889,0.00001033659,0.00004176302,0.00016183307,0.00017038637,0.00044797556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908799,0.00013156426,0.008447712,0.0000177367,0.0000040326595,0.000023356577,0.00021984549,0.000020246114,0.00025567104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998536,0.000038787624,0.00001263354,0.000025665358,0.000051843967,0.000017377846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993974,0.0002794098,0.000088543966,0.000025035924,0.00017492543,0.00003477701],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005498698,0.0008534896,0.0005231834,0.00085619267,0.00033180998,0.0009062657,0.00021549629,0.0010397393,0.00027561607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014529541,0.00036930083,0.00039477032,0.00033322253,0.00019353104,0.000628282,0.00021141637,0.00048208376,0.00022857553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006833712,0.00033793406,0.024013022,0.00011719345,0.000033551838,0.00006032625,0.000033527336,0.025885742,0.9224994,0.00015856756,0.00018497615,0.02599238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003102058,0.00049971,0.017948234,0.000012262239,0.000042004478,0.000074781376,0.000044948298,0.22464843,0.7559827,0.00028653487,0.0003995324,0.000029870716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018029639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019871567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018029639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006159842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048192663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044692755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091836392","doi":"10.1016/s1383-5866(00)00172-6","title":"Nanofiltration using pore-filled membranes: effect of polyelectrolyte composition on performance","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Microporous material; Polymer chemistry; Ethylene glycol; Materials science; Polymerization; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010803944041352707,"score_gpt":0.2646335733938435,"score_spread":0.2538296293524908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091836392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904889,0.0021116233,0.006411839,0.000102520804,0.000052654046,0.000032156306,0.00013065962,0.00015397125,0.0005157622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845819,0.002448143,0.010034486,0.00011944861,0.000040305124,0.000052914897,0.0005270996,0.00012769022,0.0020681252],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959236,0.00006758936,0.00004583437,0.0000783049,0.00013377705,0.000082064624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960154,0.00014175734,0.000049962888,0.000028289589,0.000112657115,0.000065873945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007802927,0.00061813166,0.0008404736,0.00021293486,0.00035205664,0.0006442149,0.00040023355,0.0010471945,0.00046787827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010621318,0.00024981634,0.00045662987,0.00030767033,0.00022924056,0.0011379952,0.0002835466,0.0006533702,0.00035899697],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019216911,0.000028240042,0.000052862943,0.000032394357,0.0000066941334,0.0000066510656,0.000015521355,0.000057515426,0.9982211,0.000019318775,0.000019724335,0.0013478405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008222009,0.00014738707,0.00034524463,0.000002492251,0.000008956257,0.000021116964,0.0000041291905,0.00031362433,0.9989053,0.000011026612,0.00022804842,0.000004435987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008093451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008279162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010471945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042602365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038647433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004126668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092085160","doi":"10.1002/cben.201400030","title":"Morphology Control of Polysulfone Membranes in Filtration Processes: a Critical Review","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ChemBioEng Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Permeation; Porosity; Membrane structure; Morphology (biology); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.09124459697854803,"score_gpt":0.36585987160243943,"score_spread":0.2746152746238914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092085160","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00024892858,0.99881256,0.00023310774,0.00009918394,0.00013612324,0.000006493581,0.000008895468,0.000005065663,0.00044958518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014580762,0.99763906,0.00031763213,0.000080403785,0.00010034709,0.000008576248,0.000017963846,0.0000013653607,0.00037660642],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996964,0.00003875797,0.00004473289,0.000057716672,0.0001260249,0.00003652023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999491,0.00018310887,0.00008128421,0.000014765776,0.0001974569,0.000032469456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009768151,0.0013450115,0.0015078656,0.0029659956,0.00039673684,0.00092717813,0.0008937079,0.0011166241,0.00201577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007178334,0.0005868196,0.0006560867,0.0032287196,0.0005087982,0.0015447527,0.0006997735,0.0012963124,0.0013294879],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008297233,0.000175017,0.0002217769,0.038581908,0.00014191758,0.0002871411,0.00012387826,0.0011442654,0.011627579,0.0053439853,0.01671678,0.9255528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019512787,0.0003161518,0.0009793978,0.0044383164,0.00022859941,0.0010137602,0.00007763254,0.0003778027,0.006631991,0.001567904,0.9842955,0.000053487143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001433066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001812671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029659956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007174344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010682646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006743431},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092154688","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780319","title":"Treatment of olive mill washing water by ultrafiltration","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane technology; Produced water; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005580443273399201,"score_gpt":0.17433155022529526,"score_spread":0.16875110695189605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092154688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98674613,0.0012863317,0.011030546,0.00006549916,0.000022865152,0.00004364284,0.000079497746,0.00006682874,0.0006587569],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897826,0.0007890097,0.008451141,0.000045983084,0.00000861492,0.000023484317,0.00012916721,0.000017718643,0.0007523342],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997968,0.000026261505,0.000015974303,0.000043006617,0.000070565664,0.000047425186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999013,0.000027445802,0.000027727061,0.0000078538205,0.000025283702,0.000010349588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022219782,0.0003927557,0.0003201157,0.00019068459,0.00024488967,0.00031881218,0.00023889974,0.00035342594,0.00052355556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028768284,0.00009187737,0.00033031518,0.00019317135,0.00024226242,0.00025626284,0.00020890978,0.00041445892,0.00013487466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001752187,0.0000069137054,0.00013112709,0.000049860642,0.0000039685033,0.00001662366,0.000011698292,0.00006185693,0.9979146,0.000014466458,0.000009880286,0.0017615396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044678695,0.000072726005,0.0012125324,0.0000034728835,0.00000898702,0.000046380515,0.000012347554,0.00030066888,0.9977756,0.0000132296445,0.00054606574,0.000003369577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019749037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020995722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019749037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040693235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028368883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003926754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092213622","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.06.026","title":"Removal of metal ions from an acidic leachate solution by nanofiltration membranes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Leachate; Membrane; Chemistry; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Membrane technology; Metal; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02459689102114805,"score_gpt":0.2560245479730661,"score_spread":0.23142765695191808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092213622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938903,0.00065744243,0.0044148024,0.00008566773,0.000025606983,0.000012245378,0.00005435576,0.000052400355,0.0008072086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910245,0.00050901616,0.004227227,0.00004719945,0.000020041964,0.000011267423,0.000093640214,0.000014205132,0.004052917],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990714,0.000008336655,0.000009281037,0.000016080421,0.00003800782,0.000021112435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996114,0.000007698438,0.000007943162,0.0000029107196,0.000014643117,0.00000561678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017847164,0.00029346626,0.00030450645,0.00019036703,0.00028181393,0.00025578393,0.0002101456,0.00036337023,0.0003834535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001508541,0.0001340758,0.00029349118,0.00009984154,0.00012986206,0.0003390006,0.00018019578,0.000319811,0.00019510553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066286026,0.000008168938,0.00007688075,0.000024583134,0.000002985084,0.000020401816,0.000012078504,0.00008758706,0.99832886,0.000026966894,0.000019306328,0.001325839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059774893,0.00005366193,0.0004679254,0.0000012911261,0.000004845901,0.000040786133,0.00000977561,0.0005607861,0.9981762,0.000022980237,0.0006525504,0.0000031220752],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018107056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019467664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018107056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035533242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002314056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003600359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092404502","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.05.025","title":"Sludge properties and their effects on membrane fouling in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SAnMBRs)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":343,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biopolymer; Mesophile; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic digestion; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Polymer; Methane; Biofilm; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.06163851009264397,"score_gpt":0.2929396542433088,"score_spread":0.23130114415066483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092404502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993825,0.00028638093,0.00013043405,0.000015875063,0.0000057203124,0.000002748203,0.00005635089,0.0000041730655,0.0001157439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897885,0.00019619749,0.0002925864,0.000015995964,0.000004536531,0.0000055774426,0.00010261927,0.000005068328,0.0003985323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995073,0.00017445766,0.00007913277,0.000054699354,0.00011198668,0.00007239463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929297,0.00030757263,0.00016169094,0.00004198704,0.00012214947,0.00007368941],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006851671,0.00028224522,0.000355149,0.00026709904,0.00024335696,0.00043498384,0.00013780736,0.00041995844,0.0004988653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012622656,0.00021037394,0.00033435796,0.00027860835,0.00020502762,0.00034738274,0.00018166337,0.00036552086,0.0001703933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016327372,0.00009792836,0.0017883761,0.00006655582,0.000017587501,0.00004846349,0.00006701005,0.00022663889,0.99376374,0.000027631737,0.000037441114,0.0022260381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013900762,0.0008887876,0.009382099,0.000007723825,0.000023250443,0.00006726289,0.00006732777,0.00067663775,0.98857236,0.000026513617,0.0002644212,0.000009685103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018428287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019598196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018428287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033736165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026976012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036642551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092524547","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2005.10.036","title":"Concentration of sucrose solutions via vacuum membrane distillation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Sucrose; Chemistry; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Volumetric flow rate; Flux (metallurgy); Concentration polarization; Laminar flow; Chromatography; Brine; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Desalination; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011395286512080473,"score_gpt":0.23003026592647374,"score_spread":0.21863497941439328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092524547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752113,0.00095745805,0.019590694,0.0001960486,0.00008819344,0.000059674097,0.0002650982,0.00021356791,0.0034178947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790902,0.001115215,0.016304657,0.00006168757,0.00003152833,0.000045327593,0.00033743528,0.000056150675,0.002957834],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998405,0.000022603384,0.000012416369,0.000034382167,0.000058738406,0.000031353033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998871,0.00003902692,0.000017445964,0.000012904346,0.00003394982,0.00000961365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030324535,0.00032401673,0.0002843848,0.0002992475,0.00027443582,0.00030936155,0.0003153052,0.00024720366,0.0011096061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032940228,0.0001529326,0.00017729844,0.00027001253,0.00018511665,0.00031996134,0.0002622143,0.00062879664,0.00028315085],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000556343,0.000009323173,0.000063384636,0.000031013824,0.000003244586,0.0000105139525,0.000016303813,0.00011278389,0.9971073,0.00025962878,0.000046052748,0.0022848654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017206137,0.000022264834,0.000074944655,8.9642356e-7,0.0000014871001,0.000006815467,0.0000023092216,0.00041835805,0.999054,0.000021648873,0.0003942658,0.0000014122318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013956678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001317331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013956678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050169503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036427757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037119985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093035301","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.12.026","title":"Production of drinking water from saline water by air-gap membrane distillation using polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":292,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Desalination; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Materials science; Fluoride; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.016326997969826333,"score_gpt":0.25907337681265297,"score_spread":0.24274637884282663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093035301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92441446,0.0011864321,0.06987867,0.00043647274,0.00017118358,0.00016518,0.00037519413,0.0003546668,0.0030179557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9336924,0.0012199797,0.05757723,0.00008813941,0.00003599879,0.00010565337,0.0006116507,0.000090096124,0.0065789195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979526,0.000025176769,0.000024149856,0.00003287708,0.00009089514,0.00003155601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998692,0.000029250705,0.00002358279,0.000011742564,0.000042754506,0.000023346596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036636333,0.0005213092,0.00053480855,0.00033085977,0.0003027525,0.00029571512,0.00032413812,0.00034464532,0.000738405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024940795,0.00018776824,0.0005169021,0.0003249138,0.0002338739,0.00040721855,0.0004129215,0.0005889721,0.0004179466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015685191,0.000010486726,0.000045123088,0.000041282085,0.0000018699931,0.000028556404,0.000015410033,0.000021405223,0.99836904,0.000039819883,0.000021164826,0.0013901825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035782004,0.00003705734,0.00014188443,0.0000019482854,0.000003826436,0.000027298425,0.0000075556277,0.00013094525,0.999019,0.000018238843,0.00060644944,0.0000021814144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062244764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008385026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000738405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023649157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036735713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002470255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093092928","doi":"10.2166/ws.2011.004","title":"Pilot scale evaluation of biofiltration as an innovative pre-treatment for ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04941328196440837,"score_gpt":0.3002135979292249,"score_spread":0.25080031596481656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093092928","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99771667,0.00019139747,0.0014778518,0.000045388366,0.00001693867,0.00015439648,0.00013471323,0.000026445,0.00023633937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926656,0.0005654823,0.005799102,0.000049823084,0.000011072805,0.00013433374,0.00026329578,0.000011561859,0.00049956853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995528,0.00011466125,0.00004040499,0.000057180438,0.00015640874,0.00007850009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996722,0.00011513673,0.00005046239,0.000032072727,0.00008567968,0.00004451855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006620564,0.0005907439,0.0005870412,0.00020927422,0.0004976312,0.0006108988,0.0005968024,0.0007567779,0.00056083425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050544087,0.0002147421,0.0007671721,0.0002803991,0.00032946037,0.0004022877,0.00043874283,0.0007189668,0.00016724209],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033328077,0.0007713192,0.00080268865,0.00014959852,0.000023786166,0.000106334955,0.00006292896,0.0005086718,0.9944952,0.000033162083,0.00004254812,0.0026704997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000087723565,0.009589266,0.0075181825,0.000013369978,0.0000733097,0.000110292334,0.000102670994,0.0013223328,0.9801563,0.000028102786,0.0009769165,0.000021632168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002949267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031993643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002949267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042385567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005864203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093477843","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.05.057","title":"Fouling behavior of electroacidified soy protein extracts during cross-flow ultrafiltration using dynamic reversible–irreversible fouling resistances and CFD modeling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Permeation; Viscosity; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016630538646661162,"score_gpt":0.28301342036166405,"score_spread":0.2663828817150029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093477843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958639,0.00010777203,0.0035766028,0.000013716397,0.0000050044596,0.000004791035,0.00010748135,0.000046104447,0.00027454886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982835,0.0001258278,0.0010830028,0.0000042102106,0.0000010417295,0.0000043302325,0.00009066488,0.000007879862,0.00039957007],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999522,0.0000058122755,0.0000039347633,0.000012378761,0.00001600416,0.000009713255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999467,0.000023976205,0.0000098817745,0.0000036931624,0.000012435726,0.0000033449687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018568197,0.00026622697,0.00021036071,0.00017536827,0.00021098039,0.00024253348,0.00021425699,0.00027979532,0.00043854234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021129203,0.00009882726,0.00034578863,0.00013414971,0.00012024868,0.0003142294,0.00010746591,0.00023707269,0.00010296025],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045105247,0.00010565335,0.0032614812,0.00010017884,0.000030105746,0.00012340612,0.00012777328,0.06534876,0.9178221,0.00032972323,0.00013618957,0.012163632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014157371,0.00016449539,0.008660878,0.0000055020523,0.000021196884,0.000035093806,0.000048983875,0.34289837,0.6476741,0.00009361517,0.0003657399,0.00001786958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011507559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0069836145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011507559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006381098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019504974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02288115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094240782","doi":"10.1039/c5ta01328c","title":"Synthesis of mesoporous carbon–silica nanocomposite water-treatment membranes using a triconstituent co-assembly method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Australian Research Council; University of Queensland","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Mesoporous silica; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mesoporous material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Catalysis; Composite number","score_opus":0.028924818035117015,"score_gpt":0.2905045806893762,"score_spread":0.26157976265425914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094240782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9737534,0.0013943829,0.020595228,0.00012637887,0.00007650865,0.00010996765,0.00037757194,0.00043583484,0.003130692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97712475,0.0006078447,0.019232672,0.000045548542,0.000016427575,0.000055455177,0.00031843453,0.000038933664,0.0025599822],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998927,0.0000074440427,0.000011854934,0.000030352192,0.00003756551,0.000020168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999325,0.000013023448,0.000015976197,0.000006963189,0.000019190571,0.000012330799],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014969631,0.0003729467,0.00020704516,0.00025808,0.00028594208,0.00021565169,0.0002580672,0.00041698493,0.00074736035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016729823,0.00023972709,0.00029465443,0.00017734205,0.00012000504,0.00034989062,0.00015315221,0.00042529288,0.0003205943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007576134,0.0000063832686,0.000016887825,0.000017092076,0.0000024538283,0.000008234026,0.0000034636716,0.000034355096,0.999302,0.000029075047,0.000012678021,0.00055973936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020286323,0.00002175605,0.00024356732,8.6008845e-7,0.000003506326,0.000016215607,0.0000023830546,0.00042860146,0.9988581,0.000007963745,0.0004130154,0.0000021087842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007700165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038943954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007700165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036546527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002939835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026516318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094275153","doi":"10.1039/c2nj40355b","title":"Design of super-hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Crystallization; Contact angle; Membrane structure; Polymer chemistry; Phase (matter); Amorphous solid; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016154477219207514,"score_gpt":0.23450703003556714,"score_spread":0.21835255281635962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094275153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85265523,0.002473394,0.14027674,0.00035542087,0.00015529388,0.00040015328,0.00030768942,0.00048108143,0.0028949906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8916522,0.0016091922,0.10377205,0.00009049285,0.000039788254,0.00044566026,0.00024152816,0.000038814225,0.0021103965],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998264,0.00002074785,0.000020367675,0.00004059804,0.00005360316,0.00003830093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998325,0.000028713479,0.00005478629,0.0000141982155,0.00004119587,0.000028521834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033305198,0.0003168414,0.00041426855,0.00021976743,0.00019512117,0.0003068776,0.0005073217,0.00068809895,0.00042418853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033183748,0.0003737967,0.00037547402,0.00016710834,0.00020252937,0.00048869953,0.00023830823,0.00043652035,0.0003414013],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000626815,0.0000334053,0.00010930429,0.000102764956,0.000011836552,0.00011922341,0.000016389647,0.001466383,0.99448615,0.00053300924,0.000058729143,0.003000002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056502846,0.00026653972,0.0006567701,0.000008370149,0.000019853345,0.00023116375,0.000016233324,0.013059471,0.98169035,0.00015833351,0.003819504,0.000016806209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024683366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044708035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00068809895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004003219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026463091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029045343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094408458","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2013.868038","title":"The effect of residual cationic polymers in swine wastewater on the fouling of reverse osmosis membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Cationic polymerization; Residual; Osmosis; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Polymer; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004285610482073934,"score_gpt":0.2010173842946853,"score_spread":0.19673177381261137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094408458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99910164,0.00038544572,0.00027790826,0.000018212106,0.0000075663047,0.000006195719,0.000036489837,0.000004886003,0.00016157058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99805546,0.00033340894,0.00087419024,0.000036368398,0.0000046802784,0.00000874442,0.00010183692,0.0000061822407,0.0005793063],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994723,0.00016595719,0.00006220487,0.000060532657,0.00013412222,0.00010485231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994467,0.00022851065,0.00011692348,0.000025055862,0.00013589166,0.00004692816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060032326,0.000403621,0.00036539923,0.00017955776,0.00016708206,0.00044146623,0.00022298394,0.0007391921,0.00038886565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079178845,0.00018992067,0.0004876472,0.00018290698,0.00020251276,0.00029997074,0.0001847754,0.0004321715,0.00014721445],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002879009,0.000044903874,0.00057051296,0.000071731214,0.000013538585,0.000045481785,0.000019620025,0.00012249191,0.997396,0.000008195114,0.000009506653,0.0014102432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007921511,0.0010709019,0.00524104,0.000008470705,0.000024796793,0.00006737954,0.00002750989,0.00054628204,0.9927435,0.0000067365754,0.00024856042,0.0000068678446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015905913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015057169,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015905913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028798226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027824895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031748414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094479947","doi":"10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.490","title":"Modelling the Long-Term Evolution of Permeability in a Full-Scale Municipal MBR: A Multivariate Statistical Modelling Approach","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Procedia Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multivariate statistics; Term (time); Scale (ratio); Permeability (electromagnetism); Environmental science; Computer science; Statistics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Chemistry; Geography; Physics; Cartography","score_opus":0.024450298942434372,"score_gpt":0.2372599380794126,"score_spread":0.21280963913697823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094479947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96362454,0.00010038394,0.034575522,0.00023804464,0.000011483985,0.0000172133,0.00062784326,0.0002455272,0.0005594577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99596053,0.000053537093,0.0029537724,0.000009739402,0.0000052438863,0.000019613268,0.00028841363,0.000023546203,0.00068564777],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997234,0.000070821596,0.000018166074,0.00010330053,0.000034714583,0.000049735492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990207,0.0006057182,0.00014891382,0.000086676126,0.0000933975,0.000044723336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009671246,0.00056539394,0.0007321516,0.0005116167,0.0004800354,0.0010765765,0.0010835759,0.0017171034,0.00062403537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002152403,0.0006761872,0.0012503375,0.0009413352,0.0006304303,0.0014442042,0.0005059215,0.0009607843,0.00016534489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034313358,0.000031226853,0.0042903502,0.000013177051,0.000034560326,0.00003490601,0.000018785213,0.99173564,0.0016166355,0.00037492116,0.00007153496,0.0017438829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015670158,0.00000846876,0.0011467908,4.8045365e-7,0.0000045740203,0.000004003366,0.0000055050386,0.9984347,0.00024203364,0.00012322451,0.000024122743,0.0000045335933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05469283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02529577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05469283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014625019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00093288254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10874897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095402729","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.058","title":"Effects of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of membrane on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Fouling; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Chromatography; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0058518029496709605,"score_gpt":0.21173700869005338,"score_spread":0.2058852057403824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095402729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994456,0.00012460096,0.00022773632,0.000018195698,0.000010934962,0.0000036396812,0.00003593751,0.000004984804,0.00012837516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990476,0.00015788416,0.00040335915,0.000020184361,0.000011024524,0.000005200564,0.000037561655,0.0000044166545,0.00031268905],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997849,0.0000437242,0.000025219353,0.00003322849,0.000052494317,0.000060416904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951494,0.00020574669,0.00008572718,0.000029706136,0.00008633579,0.000077555516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032210714,0.0003166228,0.0003528957,0.00013803186,0.0002569268,0.0003374601,0.00015275115,0.00035417022,0.00070135616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005897167,0.00020533125,0.0003381701,0.00018581602,0.00021442723,0.00047075574,0.00018530684,0.00045577035,0.00017019763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005028982,0.0000368361,0.00019457236,0.000022272956,0.0000066356947,0.000038331622,0.000021386157,0.00008281486,0.9986314,0.000010020316,0.0000109363955,0.0004418147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011052096,0.00043017502,0.0018672012,0.0000022541146,0.00001543371,0.000020161302,0.000027670072,0.00053201074,0.99699867,0.000009096958,0.00008053476,0.000005735781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012696655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011357486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012696655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002501133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027913746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025244951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095536291","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.014","title":"Effects of different pretreatments on the performance of ceramic ultrafiltration membrane during the treatment of oil sands tailings pond recycle water: A pilot-scale study","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Canadian Natural Resources","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Tailings; Filtration (mathematics); Total dissolved solids; Produced water; Fouling; Water treatment; Turbidity; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Oil sands; Membrane technology; Softening; Permeation; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Metallurgy; Geology; Composite material; Asphalt","score_opus":0.008695395314698718,"score_gpt":0.20471210300084952,"score_spread":0.19601670768615082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095536291","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99938214,0.00018355557,0.000182471,0.000011282885,0.000010084403,0.000008987235,0.00005698359,0.0000053921426,0.00015905178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99900705,0.00027602672,0.00033432507,0.000014054095,0.0000043254395,0.000007437208,0.000072316514,0.000004162977,0.000280358],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996834,0.000051576702,0.00003357229,0.00005589774,0.00007499258,0.00010061853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996611,0.000119088225,0.00007792007,0.000023227998,0.00008334798,0.00003533982],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003351961,0.00038492618,0.000496744,0.00018161403,0.00042623753,0.00051309867,0.00027098664,0.00050498755,0.0008765574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000629488,0.00021104014,0.0005746276,0.00030327626,0.00029472774,0.00053240865,0.00020859888,0.0005124664,0.00017269206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017763448,0.0002935162,0.0011553833,0.0001494834,0.000036975613,0.000100406476,0.00012182854,0.0005340494,0.9920398,0.000026946416,0.000044302404,0.0037208972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026353215,0.001859021,0.009976217,0.000007322128,0.00008262185,0.000048359056,0.00015346141,0.0007932867,0.9867225,0.000019639483,0.0002916858,0.000019546727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045440923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061613894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0045440923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000364855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046677308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009035289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095576267","doi":"10.1002/bit.20799","title":"Selective separation of cationic peptides from a tryptic hydrolysate of β‐lactoglobulin by electrofiltration","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrolysate; Chemistry; Chromatography; Peptide; Cationic polymerization; Permeation; Fractionation; Membrane; Hydrolysis; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.003235653728690109,"score_gpt":0.19582963934894002,"score_spread":0.1925939856202499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095576267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98003495,0.0011566688,0.017735183,0.00006614358,0.000019025258,0.00004022392,0.00007223319,0.00009920666,0.00077627675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97546035,0.0013146589,0.020996636,0.00006551553,0.0000134061,0.00007451304,0.00030122776,0.000045921304,0.0017277225],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999864,0.000020087837,0.00000945145,0.000036337067,0.000039665774,0.000030475516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998982,0.00003658708,0.000017928856,0.0000052185655,0.000024278157,0.00001784837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002873465,0.00051816343,0.00027804953,0.00022185278,0.00015421302,0.00026656402,0.00021525827,0.0003217367,0.00034756228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021258918,0.00014278432,0.0001967176,0.00017707307,0.00021856274,0.00023883369,0.00023902937,0.00049890357,0.00018429417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012570148,0.000004652592,0.000036669393,0.000009506307,0.0000012007972,0.000011774162,0.0000071536597,0.000007848401,0.99918467,0.000009478144,0.0000050756516,0.0007092374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003412058,0.00005969831,0.0013076433,0.0000028087711,0.0000049327114,0.000114394104,0.000009414546,0.00025986152,0.9976986,0.00001198917,0.0005248304,0.0000023596237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043433788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004067423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00051816343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001450974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016787206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015196204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095810089","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.4","title":"Influence of External Coagulant Water Types on the Performances of PES Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Distilled water; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Permeation; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.011819200242692802,"score_gpt":0.2520874612670045,"score_spread":0.24026826102431167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095810089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99644595,0.0008901019,0.002013857,0.00003447002,0.000017969074,0.000018702352,0.00008846418,0.000029075982,0.00046146466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99576145,0.001031133,0.0022120168,0.000035781555,0.000009116515,0.000030393223,0.00015024925,0.000040032908,0.0007298782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996356,0.000073406285,0.0000438003,0.00006545398,0.000110412904,0.0000712746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962115,0.00015877909,0.000078661265,0.000021546177,0.000089823785,0.00003003491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004691842,0.00064616604,0.00044647048,0.00023524568,0.0001817001,0.0005082507,0.00023436565,0.0003530062,0.00050306745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010061916,0.00019427111,0.0003029659,0.00027886243,0.0002893641,0.00064895157,0.00027816804,0.00051092054,0.00014185447],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011284345,0.000008804905,0.0001265433,0.000050019855,0.000007728605,0.000024608722,0.000027211823,0.00006808295,0.99868864,0.000018004263,0.0000070939245,0.0008604632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038557723,0.000109208864,0.0007016519,0.0000025313266,0.000012893592,0.000016218522,0.000019113351,0.00017219318,0.99875283,0.0000067938295,0.00019995341,0.0000029003734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005402966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006621384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00064616604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019546378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017672761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024812818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096729885","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:1(90)","title":"Membrane Fouling Test: Apparatus Evaluation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Compaction; Membrane technology; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010427824677648741,"score_gpt":0.21698123862222896,"score_spread":0.2065534139445802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096729885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86651844,0.003516047,0.10891895,0.00056312577,0.000380865,0.0031015798,0.0048172763,0.003213728,0.0089699915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8822548,0.0030174444,0.08578518,0.0004787606,0.00011251595,0.0028395497,0.005738034,0.00040181112,0.019371947],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973111,0.00026035658,0.00031166698,0.0003686254,0.0015824162,0.00016577198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99793446,0.0002559469,0.00024460154,0.00027889814,0.0011762291,0.00010993725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018843146,0.000894285,0.0008391772,0.001165283,0.0007838244,0.0007514363,0.0010315527,0.0017254773,0.00377135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023251527,0.00028201146,0.0006307446,0.0011805508,0.00035283362,0.001081538,0.0007840456,0.0006717255,0.0022395644],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041025068,0.00032248042,0.0042222342,0.00046848145,0.00004149061,0.00013051947,0.00016957893,0.0003518733,0.96976465,0.00017155774,0.0007169957,0.023229832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033538003,0.00173911,0.014089815,0.000042805405,0.00007725575,0.0002561446,0.000103488026,0.0016153705,0.97460866,0.000117928525,0.007272472,0.00004337794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007122084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069342303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00377135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061207317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007298308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012616456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097428650","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2004.12.040","title":"The use of backflushed coalescing microfiltration as a pretreatment for the ultrafiltration of bilge water","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Materials science; Chromatography; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03644692322896518,"score_gpt":0.26493406249274987,"score_spread":0.2284871392637847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097428650","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97070336,0.0023691263,0.02528567,0.0002631558,0.00008712262,0.000033925473,0.000069068046,0.0001950419,0.000993512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98203367,0.00085546763,0.015700694,0.00006569957,0.00001823891,0.0000105304525,0.00008604788,0.000033485154,0.0011960651],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998448,0.000020309317,0.000008645324,0.000033883953,0.00006269273,0.000029630955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985313,0.000039974155,0.000034020617,0.000025427638,0.000028777753,0.000018699522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000327554,0.0002993214,0.0003112247,0.00028271682,0.00038383022,0.0005787111,0.00028305582,0.0004886108,0.0004478159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003621244,0.00020429079,0.00028952776,0.00023299565,0.0004022848,0.0007503547,0.00031260925,0.00072860153,0.00020120743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059651542,0.000025275547,0.00017335362,0.00003421941,0.0000059421563,0.000023523704,0.000032138465,0.00014645274,0.99174047,0.00016267975,0.00004202033,0.0075541474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035499243,0.00008170076,0.00058143435,0.000001235083,0.0000060853877,0.00004085936,0.000010118938,0.0008077214,0.99776113,0.000031805856,0.00066965586,0.0000046513455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010503827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017526479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010503827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003675039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003476584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026664734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097842249","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22313","title":"Ultrafiltration of oily waste water: Contribution of surface roughness in membrane properties and fouling characteristics of polyacrylonitrile membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Fouling; Surface roughness; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Polymer; PEG 400; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.015121117347214231,"score_gpt":0.18820283110177255,"score_spread":0.17308171375455833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097842249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99747354,0.00052786316,0.0017948366,0.0000177185,0.000003796827,0.000004880362,0.000037863425,0.0000067507453,0.0001326622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976539,0.00047745602,0.0014728077,0.000011811561,0.000003247922,0.000006358802,0.00007961722,0.0000060903594,0.00028875557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998109,0.00003318353,0.000016840042,0.000025960122,0.000084006264,0.000029126715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977237,0.00006708326,0.000068189984,0.000016045613,0.000058415324,0.000017895412],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032205431,0.00030438163,0.0002755987,0.00015819528,0.00014472031,0.00032490047,0.00009552052,0.00034743157,0.00018355848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041425176,0.00011566804,0.0003890364,0.00012972741,0.00012859826,0.0004053716,0.00016130661,0.00033133329,0.00007754986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003993601,0.0000070219908,0.00073791284,0.000030657866,0.0000050197445,0.000023971057,0.000023679837,0.00011401735,0.9977851,0.000006772317,0.000003091378,0.0012227274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020496714,0.00015281086,0.016079044,0.0000038492476,0.000014045108,0.00013835268,0.000049512248,0.0009626838,0.9823512,0.000017839002,0.00022149489,0.0000071682944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009294531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010991733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009294531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019718164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001065742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018481016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098369509","doi":"10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2006)10:3(156)","title":"Vermiculite Filtration for Removal of Oil from Water","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Practice Periodical of Hazardous Toxic and Radioactive Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vermiculite; Emulsion; Mineral oil; Refinery; Sorption; Oil refinery; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Extraction (chemistry); Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Adsorption; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007520806463645925,"score_gpt":0.23141268840670126,"score_spread":0.22389188194305534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098369509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98234725,0.004298819,0.010902603,0.00009584039,0.000024705849,0.00005587101,0.00018224325,0.00010194317,0.0019908396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98554,0.002279886,0.007736605,0.000048709746,0.0000052144596,0.00002033782,0.00043974523,0.000023342032,0.003906113],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997491,0.000032887827,0.000019741947,0.000060942428,0.000082796454,0.000054393622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993193,0.000014418426,0.000018194347,0.000005902774,0.000019669778,0.00000979914],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018376634,0.0004139251,0.00042812337,0.00037001816,0.00023883939,0.00046248827,0.00023070505,0.0002795804,0.0006205616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016172382,0.00014672214,0.00040020017,0.00037115734,0.00015268082,0.00031841092,0.00036999275,0.0003876531,0.00023774679],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056074932,0.000016701293,0.0004826695,0.00008146453,0.000012869527,0.000051114883,0.000019736484,0.00019596616,0.9934797,0.000026305739,0.000022369913,0.005555004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005800726,0.0002566272,0.007158321,0.000014260648,0.000030960065,0.00018137143,0.000060553764,0.0013774732,0.98792005,0.000030408823,0.002952836,0.000011273358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009627085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018013615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009627085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004915232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003840998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019142091},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098558869","doi":"10.7202/705266ar","title":"Analyse par HPLC et CG/SM des constituants du carbone organique dissous (COD), du COD biodégradable (CODB) et des composés organohalogénés (TOX) d'un perméat de nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Humanities; Forestry; Nuclear chemistry; Art; Geography","score_opus":0.05605264004854432,"score_gpt":0.3016388727408624,"score_spread":0.24558623269231805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098558869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9371226,0.0018222942,0.05355639,0.00015969427,0.00009219744,0.0001897435,0.0011474715,0.00062406313,0.005285595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8879568,0.0033628098,0.091217846,0.000260213,0.00003711586,0.00026868668,0.0012629577,0.00021812555,0.0154152755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958557,0.000048091668,0.000020771044,0.000115172545,0.00018129607,0.000049149377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997317,0.000088038396,0.000035973346,0.000014828411,0.00011669891,0.000012775016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043589206,0.0005751511,0.0003739653,0.0005291624,0.00041350606,0.0005151562,0.00019647185,0.0005326117,0.0021624959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005466822,0.00015463209,0.00043008372,0.00045352062,0.00034693608,0.00045635787,0.00018995887,0.0005588865,0.0006047581],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010726403,0.000026210235,0.00096031633,0.0000900644,0.000010765525,0.000032081185,0.000069359165,0.00013899278,0.9892924,0.00009284584,0.00005056136,0.009129053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006117608,0.00024459453,0.0033971628,0.000006638815,0.000017765067,0.000072566174,0.00005646987,0.0008448388,0.99316263,0.00003785539,0.0021442808,0.0000090336625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004962014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070130406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004962014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051440985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000729177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009866297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098980558","doi":"10.1002/app.23380","title":"Surface‐modified polysulfone membranes: Aqueous phase oxidation via persulfate radical","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Chemistry; Persulfate; Aqueous solution; Potassium persulfate; Surface modification; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Sodium persulfate; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Catalysis; Monomer","score_opus":0.010783707765169518,"score_gpt":0.25161505192869105,"score_spread":0.24083134416352153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098980558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98771614,0.0015142738,0.00937716,0.00013782801,0.000058402482,0.00003789165,0.000114935574,0.00015572926,0.00088756235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98825514,0.0010808831,0.006810403,0.000056649482,0.000022598275,0.00001840357,0.00024574157,0.000028283213,0.0034818088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998141,0.0000274969,0.000012814824,0.000034039476,0.00006542242,0.000046136425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998833,0.000017882623,0.00004117051,0.000010781613,0.000026044061,0.000020974843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029844148,0.0008263226,0.00032259146,0.00021298377,0.00015177244,0.0003040536,0.00025171638,0.00048101222,0.00071324833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022079237,0.00019109319,0.00038290906,0.00018132367,0.00026219556,0.0004892416,0.00019180018,0.00046127904,0.00047697645],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034417993,0.0000061113915,0.000029427594,0.000026620348,0.0000035446371,0.000016175849,0.000006678465,0.000035605317,0.9993049,0.000026986669,0.000015151697,0.0004943672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004826296,0.00006362753,0.00027423035,0.000001147724,0.000006344772,0.000047269226,0.0000033541266,0.00022122728,0.9988972,0.00001867272,0.00045982184,0.0000021364538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005947018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006318586,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008263226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003814199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000264227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027674437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101999610","doi":"10.1021/ef300865e","title":"Characterization of Boiler Blowdown Water from Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage and Silica–Organic Coprecipitation during Acidification and Ultrafiltration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Produced water; Fouling; Dissolved organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.008281422499087122,"score_gpt":0.20051628164653934,"score_spread":0.19223485914745223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101999610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983865,0.00012134154,0.0010107645,0.000012328748,0.00000346651,0.00001855359,0.00013579191,0.000010708358,0.00030049653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966228,0.00025706828,0.0016495707,0.00002759825,0.000004161756,0.000026965263,0.00042152032,0.000016218837,0.0009740541],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998586,0.000014688916,0.000008474127,0.000023020462,0.00007114278,0.000024026001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999093,0.000025478343,0.000014254893,0.0000038949233,0.00003592933,0.000011139946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017868483,0.00029210074,0.00028878645,0.00036383606,0.0002859184,0.00034800224,0.00017664977,0.00029311897,0.00054161344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031239388,0.00011345152,0.0002508087,0.00031511136,0.00025821707,0.00023949544,0.00017489852,0.00025169214,0.00013930374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005761191,0.000008424666,0.0013704951,0.000030549665,0.0000042692905,0.000056583758,0.000054714033,0.0000789442,0.9964553,0.000015337415,0.000012699642,0.0018551331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005145609,0.00013084571,0.023526419,0.000005294503,0.000011311324,0.00007105178,0.00011560372,0.0008377484,0.97469985,0.000020023192,0.0005688136,0.000007976229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033306456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043530907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033306456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002767272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023789961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0066224933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102042810","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.7","title":"Membrane Fouling Potential of Secondary Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) from Conventional Activated Sludge Process","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Chemistry; Effluent; Organic matter; Activated sludge; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Natural organic matter; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00875904860087617,"score_gpt":0.25461410994382166,"score_spread":0.2458550613429455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102042810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99882823,0.00018968983,0.00071377575,0.0000075232556,0.0000029183757,0.000006238854,0.000034667923,0.000005942787,0.00021083954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976306,0.00027380325,0.0012415705,0.000019900423,0.000004416009,0.000012649238,0.00019647607,0.0000037109014,0.00061683834],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979407,0.000024628232,0.000019142659,0.00003413596,0.0000927188,0.000035277877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984515,0.000025954725,0.00003079394,0.0000063947336,0.00006643992,0.000025327385],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022174406,0.0003021542,0.00027939441,0.0003148402,0.00024535545,0.0002821064,0.00011473156,0.0003629655,0.0003056909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034724054,0.000084488966,0.00029844375,0.00025247518,0.00013682549,0.00023778623,0.0001977872,0.00019048307,0.00009192593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008226277,0.000012815682,0.0015509278,0.000055814126,0.000006792876,0.00004947758,0.000020585827,0.000104422295,0.9964142,0.000015178674,0.000008976881,0.0016784854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000068404756,0.00027914305,0.019939417,0.0000083244895,0.000029788407,0.000139061,0.000052993288,0.000984652,0.97796226,0.000028907289,0.0005613054,0.0000072311454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018964706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021833593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018964706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030718933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026539346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037708282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102091675","doi":"10.1007/s11814-014-0261-6","title":"Study on the thin film composite poly(piperazine-amide) nanofiltration membranes made of different polymeric substrates: Effect of operating conditions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Polysulfone; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyetherimide; Composite number; Contact angle; Fouling; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Monomer","score_opus":0.013981294382437821,"score_gpt":0.23954172758628678,"score_spread":0.22556043320384897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102091675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99708134,0.00091559417,0.001215671,0.000036445406,0.000012773426,0.0000092621185,0.00006805354,0.000013367759,0.00064758206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965167,0.00083057064,0.0015306275,0.000034581986,0.000012833855,0.000010877243,0.00009924345,0.00000916681,0.00095530105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999145,0.000009551805,0.000004470851,0.000023701694,0.000027240836,0.00002036537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998722,0.000041172803,0.000026038408,0.000005857125,0.000043293283,0.000011467038],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017325397,0.00024680354,0.00020334066,0.0001208357,0.00023129642,0.00017806474,0.00015212555,0.00023537516,0.00070148887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019634189,0.000120872224,0.00029910973,0.00014439307,0.000143473,0.0003856231,0.0000720649,0.00036708792,0.00011683753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004927292,0.000008708407,0.00008291584,0.000047222493,0.000003613273,0.00003227571,0.000018950062,0.000028253286,0.99913895,0.000018376772,0.000009840139,0.00056159444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000389812,0.000115492134,0.0025597615,0.000003728679,0.000017431334,0.000071041104,0.000033771226,0.0003439354,0.9964406,0.000010504397,0.0003958906,0.000003816749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010320521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010139477,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010320521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015167176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014147947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023466945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102159576","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.8","title":"A Computational Model to Estimate the Performance of 8 inches RO Membranes in Pressure Vessel","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Seawater; Membrane; Chemistry; Volumetric flow rate; Pressure vessel; Permeation; Range (aeronautics); Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.014829507524513296,"score_gpt":0.2987179754534222,"score_spread":0.2838884679289089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102159576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5306574,0.0003092772,0.4426459,0.00036816092,0.00008378888,0.00027685758,0.0019196474,0.0011522098,0.022586642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9477474,0.00022424887,0.04437473,0.00005422529,0.000013474527,0.0004291601,0.00077570503,0.00008730774,0.006293793],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985576,0.000027065094,0.000009648361,0.000032497355,0.000046982703,0.000027984564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965525,0.00019165876,0.000037875958,0.000026782009,0.000075454904,0.000012939797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023838916,0.00054236635,0.00066717237,0.00030545433,0.00047555479,0.0006704352,0.0011792948,0.0015774822,0.002281917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094476895,0.00039985505,0.00069484196,0.00032481682,0.00032413378,0.0006696044,0.0003648924,0.0006780176,0.00039542362],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018101004,0.000013682693,0.00040106953,0.000014950165,0.0000048267066,0.000036141173,0.000011123102,0.99602556,0.0016850581,0.0004297107,0.000081379854,0.0012782774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002716607,0.000008861311,0.00011464169,0.0000012179581,0.0000019372878,0.0000063271286,0.0000040235896,0.9991326,0.0005128749,0.00007132058,0.00014135838,0.0000022477348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018568141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006527006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018568141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000654202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012008889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03692007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102591408","doi":"10.1038/srep06949","title":"Nanofiber based triple layer hydro-philic/-phobic membrane - a solution for pore wetting in membrane distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Nanofiber; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Porosity; Thin layer; Composite material; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.016985555515399913,"score_gpt":0.2483583964690444,"score_spread":0.2313728409536445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102591408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91223377,0.007499983,0.07139414,0.0006303146,0.00021186614,0.00016163997,0.00041954863,0.0005052394,0.0069435155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9560211,0.002696293,0.035584465,0.00016378541,0.000048005597,0.00008347409,0.00018461417,0.000049199443,0.00516908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.000016382888,0.000008663526,0.000026729476,0.00005853725,0.000022580587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999348,0.000010353045,0.000018811665,0.000005988146,0.00001390017,0.00001608338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019744577,0.0002800187,0.00025577514,0.00026101831,0.000273336,0.0002485197,0.0002271538,0.00060819124,0.0009593085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001237509,0.00017741953,0.0003120432,0.00010746397,0.00019950302,0.00051382766,0.00030159668,0.0005193994,0.00047418213],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007854493,0.0000082093375,0.000013427276,0.00004070226,0.000002378859,0.000028284225,0.0000059161175,0.00008508691,0.99857557,0.00014836532,0.000035153756,0.0010490426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004593816,0.000059893726,0.00016376823,0.0000033986448,0.0000043724535,0.00010987446,0.0000058838737,0.0009743747,0.9973911,0.000046443667,0.00123002,0.000006147352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002689145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063622126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009593085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002560633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018606479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032091737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102835075","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.108","title":"Roles of various mixed liquor constituents in membrane filtration of activated sludge","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chromatography; Fouling; Adsorption; Fraction (chemistry); Activated sludge; Colloid; Chemical engineering; Activated carbon; Membrane technology; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01351223597815865,"score_gpt":0.2426296770366431,"score_spread":0.22911744105848444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102835075","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99587315,0.0018415774,0.0011554532,0.000066037464,0.000015721454,0.000007778514,0.000055117143,0.000020407451,0.0009647896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969921,0.0007463419,0.0008829414,0.00002733045,0.000008648326,0.00000500311,0.00005779448,0.000015089566,0.0012647305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997726,0.000073132076,0.00001792852,0.00002710916,0.000060384882,0.000048836388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961156,0.00014263259,0.000052801908,0.000015253064,0.000103371945,0.0000745331],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005130104,0.00034140472,0.0003248094,0.00049955625,0.00053187273,0.0010265362,0.0001875503,0.0004126846,0.00065380184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051429094,0.00023765204,0.000309711,0.00032989474,0.00036320745,0.00076177466,0.00026925778,0.00038617422,0.00018473963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017783858,0.000054575554,0.0020332427,0.00014233375,0.00003530966,0.00016442573,0.00017267482,0.00053597736,0.9871809,0.0004942288,0.0000386224,0.0073693064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000098423,0.00019746761,0.0050735823,0.000010838515,0.000035016394,0.00006119339,0.00015375318,0.0021959802,0.99154156,0.000110766334,0.0005989137,0.00001113058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036578055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031283484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036578055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058839755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00077090523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007273078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103171347","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.4","title":"Study on the Impact of Polymer Concentration and Coagulation Bath Temperature on the Porosity of Polyethylene Membranes Fabricated Via TIPS Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Phase inversion; Polymer; Polyethylene; Microporous material; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Coagulation; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022685234515827293,"score_gpt":0.31438810178210413,"score_spread":0.29170286726627687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103171347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99403435,0.00091398956,0.0043971003,0.000039549635,0.000012700796,0.000017671187,0.000091864415,0.000027050775,0.00046583958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99425745,0.001065473,0.0039934022,0.000019201168,0.0000065772783,0.000024352314,0.0000693209,0.000026242358,0.0005380737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996327,0.000051933897,0.000026463638,0.0000747302,0.00016959202,0.0000446354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989411,0.00058075675,0.0002294329,0.00005115333,0.00016430015,0.000033204622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003438511,0.00023396155,0.00030359506,0.00017746724,0.0001440997,0.00025383575,0.00017203286,0.0002444385,0.0005274374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012514294,0.00019939919,0.0002989467,0.00019342164,0.00022530482,0.00036608943,0.00017964459,0.00052584993,0.00012363355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051629766,0.000010714471,0.0002519383,0.00004400522,0.000005799161,0.000037330403,0.000027035776,0.00012370771,0.9982079,0.000023980803,0.000008651047,0.0012072936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016998321,0.00009494787,0.0022256328,0.0000032205626,0.0000125839415,0.000042982996,0.000013810927,0.0004666815,0.99695265,0.00000856837,0.00017343058,0.0000037145878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041589717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006968301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005274374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017551481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017030722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018184185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103382210","doi":"10.1002/app.12000","title":"Effect of surface‐modifying macromolecules and membrane morphology on fouling of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Humic acid; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Porosity; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Biofouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008602034699560298,"score_gpt":0.24858765471933644,"score_spread":0.23998562001977614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103382210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99798065,0.0005635474,0.001091157,0.00001663678,0.000009531132,0.00001045479,0.000039808227,0.000019094277,0.0002692061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972933,0.00061300193,0.0015104911,0.000024850264,0.000008163702,0.000012938681,0.000078235294,0.000012893844,0.000446093],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974734,0.00005557642,0.00002660109,0.000039153347,0.000083379666,0.00004795993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994956,0.00019824994,0.00013762788,0.000030348008,0.00007215922,0.00006592095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039207,0.00048819117,0.00029653555,0.00019122862,0.00016013195,0.00047898208,0.00014980654,0.00043714498,0.00039034238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001214033,0.00024739534,0.00033117665,0.0001651133,0.0002629323,0.0004470239,0.00016663435,0.0002887146,0.00014433058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009920203,0.0000127451995,0.00022502987,0.000030457384,0.000008364637,0.00003074604,0.000013552762,0.00008482772,0.9986499,0.000016524198,0.000005040821,0.0008238027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000085405945,0.00015543228,0.0026874763,0.0000031469951,0.000015910848,0.00006733695,0.000009744424,0.0003175715,0.9965054,0.00001189602,0.0002133669,0.0000042102333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005943898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059638364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005943898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002599303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019701343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020734668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106312685","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.01.6","title":"Reuse of Iraqi Agricultural Drainage Water Using Nanofiltration","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Drainage; Environmental science; Irrigation; Environmental engineering; Salinity; Water quality; Hydrology (agriculture); Water treatment; Membrane; Geology; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.011311494244722263,"score_gpt":0.2449990566507381,"score_spread":0.23368756240601582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106312685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99654573,0.00030179805,0.0020603514,0.00006479509,0.000007760648,0.000035382447,0.000048312748,0.000025349062,0.000910618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99095553,0.0006288059,0.007191198,0.000036631307,0.0000074381064,0.000024304562,0.00010698475,0.000010781854,0.0010383172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998265,0.000023591614,0.000017365199,0.000035609806,0.00006454385,0.000032287393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999918,0.000009215887,0.00002737988,0.000009765138,0.000028037275,0.0000075988046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021762346,0.0003597099,0.0002709962,0.00027352653,0.00032244602,0.00044726024,0.00025967293,0.00021509765,0.00032392345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002196918,0.00009640292,0.000526464,0.00031485793,0.00022953625,0.00033990107,0.00036380455,0.0001769512,0.00015703564],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050712686,0.00004224816,0.0018128855,0.000091416914,0.00001106717,0.00010579616,0.00008199398,0.00041452984,0.9840058,0.00008822496,0.000059540318,0.01323589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001342241,0.00056943786,0.01159438,0.000014326586,0.00004226972,0.00031779846,0.00012936039,0.0016474192,0.9812862,0.00006245421,0.0043075453,0.00001528639],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0046570813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007490075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046570813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051681756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045511845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009259939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107492718","doi":"10.1002/aic.12684","title":"Fluorescence‐based fouling prediction and optimization of a membrane filtration process for drinking water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Process (computing); Process engineering; Chemistry; Principal component analysis; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biological system; Computer science; Mathematics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Statistics","score_opus":0.04127408069025753,"score_gpt":0.2622116281185513,"score_spread":0.22093754742829377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107492718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7768968,0.00023049157,0.2215157,0.000115257586,0.000011406498,0.000036200232,0.00009254868,0.00033012862,0.00077148475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977796,0.000058629463,0.021808177,0.0000069612756,0.0000020523753,0.000022615228,0.00004606068,0.000009392144,0.00024997958],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998784,0.000027451873,0.0000052392215,0.000025261406,0.000046305533,0.000017383532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987686,0.00005377627,0.000018599549,0.000007650992,0.000033988217,0.000009148337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041858057,0.00066725694,0.00055217725,0.0003658595,0.0003416898,0.0005844778,0.00031294415,0.0005996198,0.00028416904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005013343,0.00031077254,0.0005533203,0.00028586466,0.0002233529,0.00032485832,0.00022618967,0.00041138352,0.00009041927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019420948,0.00022178974,0.002481885,0.000057355952,0.000036993137,0.000031702162,0.000029145582,0.8142556,0.14049006,0.00025617346,0.00014174428,0.041803334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007743189,0.00008050249,0.0007802327,0.0000010297122,0.000008400456,0.000004230622,0.000003772613,0.97055674,0.028398026,0.000083374565,0.00006905115,0.0000069073253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011771407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007821319,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011771407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00097468065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085705257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02340579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107727813","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.03.038","title":"Comparison of advanced oxidation processes for the removal of natural organic matter","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Natural organic matter; Organic matter; Natural (archaeology); Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.10145217608278992,"score_gpt":0.3780750696255356,"score_spread":0.2766228935427457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107727813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889804,0.004994354,0.00372909,0.00006871208,0.00005516412,0.00003371822,0.00011721493,0.000022789818,0.0019984343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859719,0.0038965347,0.0072277575,0.000041509793,0.00002553362,0.000027072134,0.00032834927,0.000010455149,0.0024708994],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958366,0.0000712567,0.000026140577,0.000035917426,0.0002184926,0.000064552056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997296,0.000085652995,0.000024855584,0.00001749818,0.000117037256,0.000025373676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004886001,0.0003031754,0.0004502018,0.0005406162,0.00030900314,0.0004799336,0.0003136383,0.0005251394,0.0009176356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063863426,0.0001213706,0.00060905906,0.0004003345,0.00015394739,0.0005302378,0.00031343472,0.0005031281,0.0001882684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0024448696,0.00034655837,0.001696625,0.0007579293,0.00013087335,0.00010047574,0.0001277293,0.0024771367,0.945405,0.0006427272,0.00017487472,0.04569525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001427621,0.0045163953,0.015441778,0.000031363514,0.0002106644,0.00027867965,0.00015260893,0.0075815683,0.96299213,0.00038881964,0.0082309935,0.00003231574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010148422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025637504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010148422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033937168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035600158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003069818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108316923","doi":"10.1002/aic.11957","title":"Effect of surface modifying macromolecules stoichiometric ratio on composite hydrophobic/hydrophilic membranes characteristics and performance in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Phase inversion; Polyetherimide; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Desalination; Composite material","score_opus":0.00786536698732008,"score_gpt":0.23788190537991177,"score_spread":0.2300165383925917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108316923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99717206,0.0006212652,0.0014315828,0.000019126153,0.000010236281,0.000019165389,0.000063995016,0.000041249146,0.0006214267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99565244,0.00051465654,0.003070915,0.000018193563,0.000005597289,0.00002614539,0.00009574373,0.000020708778,0.00059555884],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999731,0.000057458892,0.00002853469,0.000057352576,0.000090231195,0.000035525143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995609,0.00017523674,0.000099086494,0.000031484742,0.000075100186,0.000058182657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003925055,0.00044827114,0.00028983847,0.00022963453,0.00012222097,0.00025737818,0.0001510022,0.00029590237,0.00077941176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006918022,0.00019803687,0.00018716532,0.00020884148,0.00015823451,0.00031062117,0.00016016448,0.00032416408,0.0002245709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056258094,0.000007859999,0.000066597386,0.000023219724,0.000003964483,0.000011970479,0.0000066587577,0.000049432532,0.9992879,0.000015398937,0.000004984621,0.0004658203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002652715,0.000070911265,0.000435802,0.0000010824159,0.000007853457,0.000019045507,0.0000032027647,0.0001819731,0.9990933,0.0000028143477,0.00017969891,0.0000016901705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042373207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008108643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077941176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029548234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019656404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026074052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110159849","doi":"10.1039/c4ta01481b","title":"Hydrophilization of polysulfone membranes using a binary graft copolymer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polysulfone; Hydrophilization; Copolymer; Membrane; Materials science; Fabrication; Amphiphile; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Polymer science; Chemistry; Composite material; Medicine","score_opus":0.012645918020289564,"score_gpt":0.2391229596136774,"score_spread":0.22647704159338786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110159849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98705053,0.00083249307,0.008938862,0.00015784291,0.000045999124,0.000033986533,0.00021130458,0.00014544498,0.0025835442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98974,0.000689942,0.0058834883,0.000040534364,0.000014252001,0.000025720503,0.00021779645,0.000025494171,0.0033627045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993944,0.000006123997,0.000007329493,0.000011947925,0.000018743847,0.000016554295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993885,0.000011873858,0.000022944061,0.0000067889555,0.000008223917,0.000011317975],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117948555,0.00034845754,0.00009764005,0.0001357501,0.0001417567,0.00016153594,0.0001163042,0.00023021834,0.0007139453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014246526,0.00015056395,0.00015479849,0.000101198624,0.00016145495,0.00035009364,0.0002110802,0.00032737764,0.0003440667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015594744,0.000003823891,0.000018997443,0.000016726743,0.0000012766358,0.00001590722,0.0000091530255,0.00006734607,0.9989489,0.00013405032,0.00002442409,0.0007438261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021259589,0.000020384801,0.00018336125,0.0000012711217,0.0000014371232,0.000025555839,0.0000026098367,0.00027579413,0.9989299,0.000018070685,0.000537792,0.0000016225458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049879943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001159026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007139453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024762118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027294768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002388358},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112872989","doi":"10.1155/2013/646343","title":"Deacidification of Soybean Oil Combining Solvent Extraction and Membrane Technology","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Extraction (chemistry); Soybean oil; Solvent; Chromatography; Materials science; Ethanol; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006332213645772907,"score_gpt":0.23259756916643368,"score_spread":0.22626535552066077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112872989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981808,0.0035616388,0.013346736,0.00006472782,0.000030534608,0.00005425399,0.000087277,0.000032670065,0.0010140012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9687052,0.0040637306,0.023912724,0.000063668725,0.00001811042,0.0000590931,0.00031437477,0.000027916427,0.0028352195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983776,0.000024246958,0.0000105315185,0.000033278324,0.00006336315,0.00003073591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999536,0.000010301434,0.000017227982,0.0000031686907,0.000010449866,0.0000051371453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002213404,0.0004938189,0.0005340335,0.00022242864,0.00015596897,0.00023606469,0.00019944234,0.00039628116,0.0004150209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014640279,0.00014850435,0.00049281237,0.0002561009,0.0001355783,0.00047854145,0.00031962534,0.00033697434,0.00025397423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041617193,0.000009825419,0.000101085956,0.00007037964,0.0000047274557,0.000033741704,0.0000070075735,0.00006625757,0.9980525,0.000015514988,0.0000034637376,0.0015937663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055551372,0.00014922518,0.001206071,0.0000061403966,0.000014196041,0.00013874935,0.000014438434,0.00051522296,0.99677676,0.000018041641,0.0011510062,0.000004674532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008785375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001667923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008785375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019000942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024399773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017467737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113479306","doi":"10.7202/705312ar","title":"Traitement de lixiviats stabilisés de décharge par des membranes de nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Musée de la Civilisation","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Nanofiltration; Physics; Chemistry; Molecular biology; Membrane; Art","score_opus":0.07577506395601273,"score_gpt":0.31292491291104335,"score_spread":0.2371498489550306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113479306","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98223466,0.002391787,0.013115358,0.00017427026,0.00006379956,0.00006302231,0.00017952548,0.00011142834,0.0016661376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97228414,0.0027054045,0.017487632,0.00009050263,0.00002109609,0.000091700356,0.00028331758,0.0000404387,0.006995863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997359,0.00002751285,0.00002118592,0.00006106187,0.000114281465,0.000040064457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986994,0.000020808819,0.000037362333,0.000008748287,0.00005152846,0.000011735922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036167985,0.00038230701,0.00038629794,0.00022043039,0.00034760305,0.00053923693,0.00025313103,0.00060858036,0.00076278986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003747138,0.00017424917,0.00054181356,0.00021181931,0.00017233231,0.0005591422,0.00030738945,0.00048029562,0.00027944476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004667483,0.000014241062,0.00017809436,0.0001224751,0.000009969521,0.000033141252,0.000033052904,0.0003387522,0.9960139,0.000078961995,0.000042271236,0.0030885478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005187504,0.0001662166,0.0010331623,0.000009015644,0.000016242404,0.000052143896,0.000029706616,0.0008590122,0.99537426,0.000027990558,0.0024205623,0.0000065168715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013807748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017751626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013807748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005028359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040342542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036484003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115703313","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780132","title":"Comparaison de deux types d'écoulements (tangentiel plan et tourbillonnaire) dans des modules d'ultrafiltration. Influence de la contrainte pariétale","year":2000,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Humanities; Philosophy","score_opus":0.010176233398621426,"score_gpt":0.22334178176967154,"score_spread":0.21316554837105012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115703313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99496824,0.00038865698,0.004050152,0.000010398362,0.000008446048,0.00001358251,0.00007180291,0.00005170872,0.0004370747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935821,0.00035169112,0.004241226,0.000014143042,0.0000026650098,0.000031546453,0.00013518347,0.00003502216,0.0016063526],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997613,0.000025283753,0.000014252783,0.0000589158,0.00009723787,0.00004292118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996494,0.00011311349,0.000061243496,0.00003230662,0.000110298555,0.00003354683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036704328,0.00041553518,0.0005024662,0.0003817094,0.00025576173,0.0006251429,0.00026273358,0.00039880135,0.001290852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005642492,0.00017737014,0.00038877095,0.00037400005,0.00023502937,0.00053723255,0.0003075832,0.00033359346,0.00022973855],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034418714,0.000049771326,0.0012018513,0.00014037894,0.000016382784,0.000040210565,0.00008201453,0.0038504435,0.9848985,0.00009658338,0.00003666647,0.0092428895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013148728,0.0011325538,0.013406409,0.000013496378,0.000042588315,0.000048610113,0.000091161266,0.009502266,0.97402,0.000041178573,0.0016721325,0.000016452112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014567614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024038453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014567614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037030876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023504325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0043183565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116131630","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820215","title":"A New Method for Identifying Osmotically Limited and Gel Layer Controlled Pressure Independent Flux in Ultrafiltration","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Layer (electronics); Flux (metallurgy); Osmotic pressure; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Biochemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015522022896540156,"score_gpt":0.24629932626691672,"score_spread":0.23077730337037658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116131630","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15499172,0.0027761743,0.8373206,0.0002541047,0.00019176127,0.0002010703,0.0005165634,0.00176409,0.0019839401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4011557,0.002110517,0.59207577,0.00017132766,0.00006360483,0.0004491213,0.00030776163,0.00016530011,0.0035009256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951315,0.000090303816,0.000025987612,0.00014198817,0.00018805015,0.00004057905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998713,0.00061805086,0.000225276,0.00012159893,0.00023834039,0.00008368569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007486017,0.00063289073,0.0004765356,0.0017914941,0.00052620616,0.0007246396,0.00063764903,0.00083001546,0.0009104745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001704114,0.00054076203,0.00028082717,0.0006046529,0.0007092171,0.0012761421,0.00058378436,0.0016246816,0.000523921],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006316135,0.000021872616,0.0002752465,0.000080342215,0.000008021095,0.00003176728,0.000048563834,0.00008396922,0.98585606,0.00034988378,0.00006266206,0.013118541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020319556,0.00015638472,0.0039500413,0.000017152624,0.000038547612,0.00041282593,0.000031937227,0.0074826083,0.984669,0.00039349357,0.0027778815,0.000049771978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057016267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010681897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017914941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034574742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004819496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039590597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116645781","doi":"10.1039/c4ta01530d","title":"Development of novel charged surface modifying macromolecule blended PES membranes to remove EDCs and PPCPs from drinking water sources","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Macromolecule; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Water treatment; Surface water; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015569614897357316,"score_gpt":0.22632690372116807,"score_spread":0.21075728882381076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116645781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9801528,0.0010532489,0.017506436,0.00008348504,0.00004110922,0.000055296347,0.000094437695,0.00007115056,0.0009419381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9659723,0.0015045373,0.029277133,0.00007116222,0.000015375299,0.00007185878,0.0001491804,0.000024912606,0.0029134774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993527,0.0000058264627,0.0000062077515,0.000015524583,0.000025027548,0.000012198792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999948,0.000008668195,0.000015151851,0.000004291984,0.000015784908,0.000008115292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013803226,0.00029143368,0.00021334291,0.00018272169,0.00012286892,0.00021367434,0.00022923441,0.000378776,0.00047916998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015569928,0.00013231674,0.00035307842,0.00011991993,0.000114185954,0.00040836746,0.00018276733,0.00031015035,0.00019471749],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011689084,0.000011106546,0.000060320406,0.000025619845,0.000004684884,0.000026382688,0.0000067985284,0.00009243975,0.99852705,0.000043128337,0.000006965614,0.0011839116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039822926,0.00008076256,0.0005495627,0.000002258123,0.000008241671,0.00006601663,0.000011549262,0.00067481614,0.9976605,0.000020740059,0.0009188087,0.0000028348122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023109537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042338946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047916998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014271925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015469416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016029477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117998583","doi":"10.1002/btpr.4","title":"Effect of pore size, shear rate, and harvest time during the constant permeate flux microfiltration of CHO cell culture supernatant","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Shear rate; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry; Viscosity","score_opus":0.0041376888840143605,"score_gpt":0.2071780161985188,"score_spread":0.20304032731450444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117998583","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960555,0.0015160779,0.0017531593,0.00006380921,0.000041860272,0.000028357052,0.00026663882,0.000043146494,0.00023138293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944488,0.0011388472,0.0034604992,0.000091994785,0.00002814615,0.000053918317,0.00032684076,0.000024122319,0.0004268523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996879,0.000058741654,0.000047304617,0.000082239276,0.000077530254,0.000046286383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989999,0.00044332564,0.00031598264,0.00004617687,0.00010944151,0.000085263215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005966918,0.00060416956,0.0005250293,0.00015174077,0.00013720659,0.00054869364,0.0001479338,0.00033814315,0.00040295476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012930976,0.00019867782,0.000347175,0.00020852749,0.00023487903,0.00071677694,0.0002306516,0.0005599561,0.00016908687],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042844156,0.000034804772,0.0010848547,0.000071955925,0.000016625398,0.000041805335,0.0000697085,0.00014565205,0.99644405,0.000017615068,0.000024275132,0.0016201924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009051493,0.0006660781,0.011194838,0.000008512469,0.000044212873,0.00007888737,0.000045535064,0.0007175041,0.98673403,0.000018503826,0.0004669309,0.000015918593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005753225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007916937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060416956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003023882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024269751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031556487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118355033","doi":"10.1111/j.1492-7535.2004.80413.x","title":"Blood compatibility and filtration characteristics of a newly developed polyester polymer alloy membrane","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyester; Compatibility (geochemistry); Medicine; Alloy; Filtration (mathematics); Polymer; Membrane; Materials science; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015708375744116345,"score_gpt":0.2455395452627818,"score_spread":0.22983116951866545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118355033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994991,0.0013370065,0.0031811402,0.000036471603,0.000025397549,0.000017961002,0.000043592132,0.000041181855,0.00032636005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910863,0.00084518007,0.006653171,0.00004379811,0.000022936218,0.000024807747,0.00018829908,0.000014110731,0.001121314],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999826,0.000025354642,0.00001907513,0.000046511297,0.00006246453,0.000020666324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997758,0.0000457773,0.0000611041,0.00001873774,0.000058765483,0.00003972322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003211382,0.00038105805,0.00019727302,0.00032839982,0.00012844372,0.0002632052,0.00027656023,0.0005822473,0.00043847508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004195469,0.00009860736,0.00035557995,0.0001662582,0.00016050755,0.00047775844,0.00015694868,0.0002491964,0.00021948619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022141145,0.000069502974,0.000709782,0.00006896531,0.000020316336,0.00011083191,0.000027608696,0.00018227614,0.9951192,0.00003847492,0.000038408343,0.0033933218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027656635,0.0013710136,0.008554991,0.000009809651,0.00006240733,0.00090146466,0.00001880695,0.0017443005,0.98472625,0.000015263864,0.0025517782,0.000016094507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003158284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021153675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005822473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026565598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001373798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001927495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120217344","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2011.2698","title":"Removal of effluent organic matter by purolite fluidised bed and submerged membrane hybrid system","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Chemistry; Organic matter; Natural organic matter; Adsorption; Dissolved organic carbon; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011078409445653543,"score_gpt":0.19503001306593043,"score_spread":0.18395160362027688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120217344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982052,0.00017606288,0.0012533037,0.000013158016,0.000011234508,0.000005569128,0.00003388105,0.000033122717,0.0002685222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705756,0.00013113223,0.0015735957,0.000012219365,0.0000046586497,0.00000815901,0.000056567926,0.000003517788,0.0011526564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998733,0.000014346437,0.00001032104,0.000025154755,0.00004059673,0.000036202437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999559,0.000006789479,0.000008997833,0.0000041919056,0.000013628823,0.000010615808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015725938,0.00025488756,0.00042168645,0.00023717374,0.00026983678,0.00037044502,0.00031375253,0.00037885542,0.00045651427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009199722,0.00013517671,0.0004340858,0.00018352944,0.00010271235,0.000285485,0.00021955254,0.00021755377,0.00014962709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104826046,0.000027952638,0.00020612526,0.000032486296,0.000009627965,0.00003424868,0.000012407648,0.00022925675,0.99758804,0.000030578474,0.000018412911,0.0017061746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001555816,0.0002823778,0.0019974425,0.0000018339188,0.000019514193,0.000058126036,0.000025748985,0.0031442845,0.99386156,0.000020029305,0.000564625,0.000008882018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012346574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020253295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012346574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023702974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018284073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024549365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120727717","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.02.2","title":"Preparation of PVDF UF Membranes under an External Electric Field with PVP as Additive","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Electric field; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006876897836008514,"score_gpt":0.2772028345280906,"score_spread":0.27032593669208205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120727717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9175337,0.005835458,0.07288456,0.00024086983,0.00013732623,0.00020027552,0.00038269267,0.00018050728,0.0026045023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9337141,0.0051218173,0.057222623,0.00010810755,0.00004703909,0.00029927495,0.0005574357,0.000057973182,0.0028715124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980754,0.000021977645,0.000016901444,0.00004405704,0.000071702634,0.000037771126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999261,0.000010944769,0.000019297682,0.0000075900743,0.000027170941,0.000008839193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023862222,0.0004286861,0.00039691935,0.00029077395,0.0003499078,0.00021842838,0.0002934618,0.0005388827,0.00041735178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028084673,0.00015335256,0.00041374698,0.00031527484,0.0001733685,0.00054329535,0.00023045506,0.0005436598,0.00026851433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012229216,0.000005976015,0.000038700524,0.000065415814,0.00000443489,0.00004126133,0.000015126637,0.000058836038,0.99821645,0.000065797096,0.00001226897,0.0014635647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034551988,0.000054988195,0.00040716986,0.0000049171163,0.000010803455,0.0001284805,0.000013066025,0.0002367957,0.9973596,0.000048031456,0.0017277651,0.000005017767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004566401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004929902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005388827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021590145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022311961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015664697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124782711","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)80037-1","title":"An experimental assessment of centrifugal membrane separation using spiral wound RO membrane elements","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane technology; Spiral (railway); Separation (statistics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.030738499758503842,"score_gpt":0.35265781633273074,"score_spread":0.3219193165742269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124782711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956131,0.00014444241,0.0033095,0.00003438155,0.000016075046,0.000047812733,0.00008444831,0.000042178257,0.00070806127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99482757,0.00018550441,0.0034259707,0.000022648232,0.0000074337895,0.000038623428,0.00012040787,0.000012610125,0.0013591642],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954164,0.00010252737,0.000037095964,0.000075355434,0.00016886585,0.000074570475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993137,0.00025207,0.00007320141,0.00010128612,0.00021820352,0.000041527997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006983941,0.0003525428,0.00030986458,0.00017723352,0.00056903454,0.00042729956,0.0005399066,0.0006562427,0.0014206411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010642365,0.00014816757,0.00029413236,0.00022745547,0.00038473305,0.00063084654,0.00025518105,0.00042055736,0.00031123063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009118102,0.00024400721,0.00048055526,0.000081580256,0.000009402827,0.000025342495,0.000057299614,0.0006083591,0.9940507,0.000095190975,0.00004127093,0.003394524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019602508,0.0015201016,0.0010667425,0.0000021622775,0.0000128255015,0.000020470676,0.000034929355,0.0014183755,0.9954436,0.000021071577,0.0004352411,0.000004855238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018668176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018552842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018668176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005529272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045624436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047525167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127588148","doi":"10.1002/app.22993","title":"Effects of preparation conditions on the surface modification and performance of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Fouling; Solvent; Surface modification; Polymer; Copolymer; Polymer chemistry; Evaporation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007648128729520161,"score_gpt":0.23251604045754148,"score_spread":0.2248679117280213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127588148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946319,0.0013486242,0.0031696358,0.000055780853,0.000039401355,0.000060739123,0.0001698588,0.000076675635,0.00044736214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911542,0.0014351803,0.00634494,0.00004567213,0.00002130047,0.00007349296,0.00029139747,0.00006446235,0.00056943763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946696,0.00013196348,0.00007766904,0.00009367334,0.00014830558,0.00008142223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898475,0.0005638385,0.0001962314,0.000065834305,0.00013563727,0.000053628777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096507015,0.00071716675,0.0005919929,0.00027680767,0.0003041655,0.0005624748,0.00023926947,0.0005017572,0.0007388389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002043947,0.00027269538,0.00038937552,0.00031509486,0.00026911404,0.0006920874,0.00023837708,0.00051484007,0.00028427583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017595728,0.000027099457,0.00017408187,0.000096612035,0.000009690099,0.000037788308,0.000024430776,0.0001389752,0.99768543,0.000014985322,0.000016437169,0.0015986288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055182736,0.00016047318,0.00095681695,0.0000033872757,0.000014014531,0.000036713154,0.000008780748,0.00017345283,0.998387,0.000006088375,0.000243187,0.0000046979526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039254889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000504291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096507015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026297945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028285861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005103886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129015939","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2013.02.02.5","title":"Validation of Multiple Solute Model for Application to Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration and Comparison with Modified Resistance in Series Model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Mass transfer coefficient; Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Series (stratigraphy); Membrane; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.022259586859597842,"score_gpt":0.24865095524429212,"score_spread":0.22639136838469429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129015939","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41701153,0.0012788618,0.56906027,0.0005888264,0.00017802586,0.00023558023,0.00050272356,0.0015510744,0.009593157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9445605,0.00064020214,0.04832775,0.00007055107,0.000022468805,0.00025742085,0.00027137971,0.0001474573,0.005702187],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996145,0.00008164483,0.000027774544,0.00009148968,0.00014429879,0.000040265535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940467,0.00023816271,0.00007311213,0.0000545119,0.00020915848,0.000020302332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059046753,0.00096395455,0.0010042331,0.00055075856,0.00040343695,0.00054850406,0.0014607232,0.0012699116,0.0013735978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012558391,0.0002644609,0.0012904771,0.00044244446,0.0003031225,0.0010683775,0.0004227337,0.0006999035,0.00034063892],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016084535,0.0001312123,0.0010126847,0.00019282418,0.00004930467,0.00020503625,0.00007992641,0.9400998,0.042130124,0.002924376,0.0004775062,0.012536378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064265296,0.00004957267,0.0001130004,0.0000031076875,0.0000070130327,0.000017700528,0.000005893357,0.9929264,0.006309004,0.0002554893,0.00030045604,0.000005886145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007717942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003445323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007717942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009440077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007268123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01534605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129515956","doi":"10.1002/ep.11670","title":"Anaerobic membrane bio‐reactors for waste activated sludge digestion: Tubular versus hollow fiber membrane configurations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Anaerobic digestion; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane reactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Anaerobic exercise; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemical engineering; Flux (metallurgy); Waste management; Materials science; Methane; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011218407916243038,"score_gpt":0.23268460407369082,"score_spread":0.22146619615744778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129515956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99432373,0.00089792855,0.004195449,0.000031538766,0.000014033894,0.000038480295,0.00006697738,0.000048858954,0.00038312934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98101586,0.0011772694,0.016699165,0.00003397984,0.000012317766,0.000050348517,0.00027731486,0.000019684769,0.0007140496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948645,0.00010558168,0.0000555438,0.000064852,0.00022764553,0.00005989456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997662,0.000053647494,0.000062447696,0.000017239558,0.00006977348,0.000030785428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00089941645,0.0004779887,0.0005888147,0.00035051344,0.0003316743,0.00062209566,0.00051675795,0.0005319293,0.00035745217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058978074,0.00021932386,0.00058240135,0.0003152457,0.00024274123,0.00062293606,0.00029589335,0.00037433376,0.0002411408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036128017,0.00007604143,0.0009121257,0.000116419804,0.000013724638,0.00004766854,0.00002698278,0.00046608222,0.99395186,0.00003995132,0.0000166512,0.003971222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044348573,0.0016419848,0.0076087946,0.0000120695895,0.00005142136,0.0002773214,0.00006338165,0.0024432286,0.98664886,0.000045650395,0.0011448682,0.000017995473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014845732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023649458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014845732,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005838864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035981313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047566295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129521985","doi":"10.1139/l10-029","title":"Anaerobic treatment of concentrated latex processing wastewater in two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanketA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesophile; Effluent; Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Waste management; Environmental science; Aeration; Anaerobic exercise; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.005982718671643687,"score_gpt":0.19519776244752063,"score_spread":0.18921504377587695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129521985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99758124,0.00031688248,0.0017112544,0.000016807182,0.000010003051,0.000017873212,0.000056743505,0.000017272221,0.0002718568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992588,0.0005618911,0.0050223507,0.000025434525,0.000007978645,0.000028642633,0.0002172751,0.00001024705,0.0015383642],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968016,0.000064972046,0.000037190057,0.00006806597,0.00010596523,0.00004365396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999877,0.000028766915,0.000029241726,0.000009069816,0.000032871838,0.000023070708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033319523,0.0005164015,0.00068550475,0.00022654256,0.00021815137,0.0006532783,0.00025587564,0.0005289889,0.0005207046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019580907,0.00017849106,0.000464501,0.00026068577,0.00016378469,0.00033276062,0.00027939494,0.00031402483,0.00019900658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018123905,0.000072320734,0.00045930242,0.000112757865,0.000008847432,0.00006380402,0.000023787043,0.00038269983,0.99656737,0.000010103641,0.00000874614,0.0021089804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024449624,0.000584467,0.0055554244,0.000012540145,0.000024983261,0.00008189345,0.00007362559,0.0038638082,0.9892152,0.000023168337,0.0005283147,0.000012121889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001822725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024678726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001822725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003252764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037777674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036242008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130365266","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20380","title":"Selective separation of copper (II) and cobalt (II) from wastewater by using continuous cross‐flow micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration and surfactant recovery from metal micellar solutions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chelation; Iminodiacetic acid; Copper; Cobalt; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Aqueous solution; Permeation; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006700317850759528,"score_gpt":0.19825811535097793,"score_spread":0.1915577975002184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130365266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98842967,0.0017119395,0.00928316,0.00008135199,0.000017342605,0.000026428761,0.000068685724,0.00008517057,0.00029636922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98399806,0.001237114,0.013242895,0.000049972463,0.00001460486,0.000035945788,0.00018824586,0.000017326242,0.0012156906],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996408,0.000059376278,0.000029047009,0.00007744643,0.00013242794,0.000060844544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997713,0.000058207617,0.000050711467,0.000013793374,0.00008149589,0.000024557288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006879102,0.0006083432,0.0005684895,0.0003471179,0.0002405924,0.0006376684,0.0005068391,0.0008697974,0.00020164243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005850097,0.00035686872,0.00038540154,0.00025329448,0.0002770683,0.00034901797,0.00029139617,0.00041925727,0.00019435468],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008255464,0.000018179087,0.00012747521,0.00003270411,0.0000056594813,0.000021379323,0.0000127024305,0.0000836313,0.9980458,0.000014937733,0.0000133649,0.001541484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009693969,0.00009285727,0.00068525947,0.0000016476769,0.00001177678,0.000081637445,0.0000054138195,0.0010389127,0.9978478,0.0000061200585,0.00021357875,0.000005344326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030621777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030726166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030621777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006808122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005093526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060887337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130835625","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20400","title":"Numerical modelling and characterization of nanofiltration membranes for the separation of carbohydrate mixtures","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Separation process; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Permeation; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane technology; Sugar; Flux (metallurgy); Lactose; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008376906385232304,"score_gpt":0.19947095314951027,"score_spread":0.19109404676427796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130835625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88428587,0.00046301365,0.10678828,0.0003507562,0.00005898269,0.00013271079,0.00034463624,0.00018763154,0.0073879696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756092,0.00022118812,0.022443485,0.000024005401,0.000006199275,0.00012938507,0.0001686441,0.000020398453,0.0013775734],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983525,0.000026936641,0.000011138249,0.000020686748,0.00008108324,0.000024987508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967635,0.00018551757,0.00003522202,0.00002928436,0.00006066969,0.000012947057],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057755865,0.0003500481,0.00054625666,0.00026893965,0.00050947303,0.0006314068,0.0005658169,0.0010012315,0.0007631199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011444199,0.00018542755,0.00044761656,0.000245708,0.0005109775,0.0004254068,0.00027897253,0.0003507125,0.0001488399],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069128044,0.000060980965,0.0008553332,0.00010679777,0.000010276926,0.000068683614,0.000051373754,0.92745596,0.06523247,0.0018910412,0.00010974868,0.004088242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009294561,0.0000323298,0.00042566852,0.0000039291367,0.0000027242925,0.000011033416,0.000010259638,0.9893826,0.009605991,0.00026938095,0.0002416125,0.0000051998622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006912036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003683225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006912036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012499201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010145323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013743579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135424261","doi":"10.1002/app.35281","title":"Influence of novel surface modifying macromolecules and coagulation media on the gas permeation properties of different polymeric gas separation membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Permeation; Polyetherimide; Membrane; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Phase inversion; Polymer; Materials science; Contact angle; Solvent; Differential scanning calorimetry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03347034259568553,"score_gpt":0.23669016474074145,"score_spread":0.2032198221450559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135424261","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976029,0.0007899216,0.0011918155,0.00002031393,0.000010770554,0.000013536874,0.000028085029,0.000022048922,0.00032059418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961438,0.00090035715,0.0024470536,0.000023396879,0.000011171839,0.000019730556,0.000050386192,0.000018746852,0.00038539377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998136,0.000053588166,0.0000179375,0.00003498727,0.000048984904,0.000030973573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996375,0.00014909473,0.00010714524,0.000017295548,0.00004179438,0.000047207363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033202957,0.000522179,0.00023346774,0.00016169004,0.0001242012,0.00036972354,0.00012907591,0.00026918977,0.0003966058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006837805,0.00020783792,0.00020015771,0.000115248564,0.00023481276,0.00031959094,0.00016635748,0.00029581352,0.00012212194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006566412,0.000011240193,0.000075938886,0.000029041235,0.0000045614065,0.000023425324,0.000010608178,0.00006519221,0.9992267,0.00001957089,0.000004614792,0.00046355434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050277836,0.00007871252,0.00035561083,0.0000018586184,0.000010882593,0.000023545845,0.000004892028,0.00027172384,0.9990313,0.000004159197,0.00021031282,0.0000020698546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031951233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051059044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000522179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021905907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018492258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017559528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136094235","doi":"10.1002/aic.12168","title":"Mass transport and thermodynamic analysis of PAHs in partitioning systems in the presence and absence of ultrasonication","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluoranthene; Sonication; Pyrene; Phenanthrene; Chemistry; Methanol; Polarizability; Permeation; Polymer; Mixing (physics); Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Molecule; Organic chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.008711987726809116,"score_gpt":0.239262801364614,"score_spread":0.23055081363780489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136094235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99617153,0.000339503,0.0028754696,0.000025690786,0.0000046135865,0.00001397378,0.00015675144,0.000021445425,0.0003909605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965269,0.00035864752,0.0019550123,0.000008151425,0.000004155011,0.000034422985,0.00038608958,0.0000103170705,0.0007163417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985063,0.000030590858,0.000009734691,0.000028038114,0.00005540387,0.000025475489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982494,0.000079076424,0.00003287408,0.0000078832045,0.000041208095,0.000013970298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002727856,0.00022396322,0.00023003994,0.00032629698,0.00025142805,0.00026378047,0.00017708809,0.00016801074,0.00066031783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005352448,0.00013288853,0.0001872626,0.00032208164,0.0002777909,0.00033640972,0.0001428411,0.00029602172,0.00019101032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020433636,0.000021326825,0.000854218,0.00004898697,0.000012674514,0.000029337729,0.00006238138,0.0009925903,0.99510044,0.00018117516,0.000026629818,0.0024658323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009839211,0.00020361021,0.0034909376,0.0000029714918,0.000015486547,0.000029461178,0.00003508361,0.008125994,0.9875656,0.000079594654,0.00043229305,0.000009029992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002369865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017464445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002369865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050083664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027049772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047121644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136637305","doi":"10.1139/s02-006","title":"Performance comparison and pretreatment evaluation of three water treatment membrane pilot plants treating low turbidity water","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Water treatment; Coagulation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Activated carbon; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Adsorption; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.03170420528972386,"score_gpt":0.22680342820994484,"score_spread":0.19509922292022097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136637305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974433,0.00015424559,0.0018474656,0.0000362181,0.0000050632266,0.000095913834,0.0000808127,0.00006743697,0.00026946148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99321014,0.0002867353,0.005566414,0.000030521955,0.0000035699934,0.00009161483,0.00023815918,0.000016437903,0.0005564874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996569,0.00007370219,0.0000312139,0.00005825232,0.000114624214,0.00006522085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993722,0.00021411525,0.00006701498,0.0000451636,0.00020590908,0.000095618365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000636163,0.00065018574,0.00080941844,0.00043117523,0.0010683506,0.0007031045,0.00061641645,0.0009400635,0.00064446643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010567689,0.00028438398,0.0005242497,0.00039365378,0.00048650877,0.000418412,0.00039152172,0.0005521262,0.00026897938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007068097,0.00028492635,0.0028032262,0.00023158078,0.000026434682,0.0000967887,0.00016949436,0.00080294354,0.9868717,0.000030449819,0.0000473891,0.007928128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000095073,0.0024699382,0.014844467,0.0000072965286,0.00008107393,0.00013381116,0.000105860105,0.002436815,0.9790546,0.000036079415,0.0007160357,0.00001898722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019487953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017554263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019487953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012664371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009470238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03874904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137287706","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.9","title":"Performance of An Airlift Membrane Bioreactor Under Different Aeration Rates","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Airlift; Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Activated sludge; Volume (thermodynamics); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015027427994509639,"score_gpt":0.27481539676776806,"score_spread":0.25978796877325844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137287706","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971083,0.0005559691,0.0016855872,0.00009965672,0.000026833013,0.000027407637,0.00013653803,0.00009896052,0.00026079564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99189925,0.0007894892,0.005988087,0.000066796994,0.000020275005,0.000050126015,0.00026714007,0.000025148662,0.00089383195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934155,0.00012373734,0.00008325065,0.00013570358,0.0002265246,0.0000892737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958247,0.00011936526,0.0000828114,0.000030261943,0.00012332345,0.000061788254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007096613,0.0008199887,0.0014465069,0.0004267374,0.00045721588,0.00067416154,0.00047371906,0.001063676,0.00054052885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000749414,0.00022625741,0.00077895436,0.00033734928,0.0002144581,0.0006020037,0.00038005822,0.00066678366,0.0004094806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045846764,0.00012332841,0.00047028952,0.00011717943,0.000015827447,0.0000542171,0.000058461086,0.00029527984,0.9954228,0.000016122816,0.000022576232,0.0029455312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032208845,0.001853394,0.0035346441,0.000012361127,0.00004465397,0.00012375039,0.0000543152,0.002022451,0.9917572,0.000018003266,0.0005283573,0.00001863833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026375204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015104589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026375204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040135934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005054103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052443147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137595799","doi":"10.1002/sia.1154","title":"Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface and Interface Analysis","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Adhesion; Adsorption; Atomic force microscopy; Colloid; Regenerated cellulose; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01791151664707022,"score_gpt":0.2807639630212051,"score_spread":0.26285244637413485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137595799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99522436,0.00077906385,0.0031272846,0.000049604638,0.000008020876,0.000010279039,0.000049955564,0.000017665163,0.00073367934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99385214,0.0005588885,0.003910208,0.00004481248,0.000009432597,0.000016431752,0.00010210918,0.0000098264745,0.0014961397],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998431,0.000018281884,0.000004045245,0.000017314916,0.000087938446,0.000029280223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998229,0.00006329873,0.00002934899,0.0000068853215,0.000056518704,0.000021093894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023607504,0.00022438256,0.00016374612,0.00023755168,0.0003753622,0.00020252762,0.00019069748,0.0003423584,0.0005751331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036829198,0.000100550285,0.00011571381,0.00017846875,0.00015624851,0.00023719997,0.00013048842,0.00032784735,0.00015750743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016958998,0.000010103105,0.0004058013,0.000018157825,0.000002030333,0.00002216742,0.000028525788,0.000046606194,0.9979467,0.000025656775,0.000024006971,0.0014532192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053223857,0.000102133105,0.021007268,0.0000059482563,0.0000067675287,0.000106510066,0.000069468224,0.0020530547,0.9753821,0.00004964992,0.0012042171,0.000007542865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037846593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032662428,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037846593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040441653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019167404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007525265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137873647","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n11p147","title":"Effect of Rejection Performance on Hollow Fiber Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Alcohols Additives","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Thin-film composite membrane; Vinyl alcohol; Composite number; Alcohol; Fiber; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.005660806448623557,"score_gpt":0.22833300180823474,"score_spread":0.2226721953596112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137873647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975551,0.0006662052,0.0012315434,0.000026154388,0.000014554001,0.0000059771946,0.000031812273,0.000038670973,0.00043002717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99711955,0.00053274166,0.0012935811,0.000030497262,0.0000075147564,0.0000072451294,0.000089424684,0.000019255047,0.0009003315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997148,0.000043538224,0.000027240434,0.00005739055,0.00008752541,0.00006946025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997129,0.00006850765,0.00007381542,0.000014369109,0.00009226329,0.000038218426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000275855,0.0004212429,0.0003371506,0.00017416812,0.00013798305,0.00030670036,0.0001705739,0.00037987676,0.0007344227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039457314,0.00015382237,0.0003447107,0.00013103541,0.00013378347,0.00044147827,0.00011937787,0.0003574801,0.0002894171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000098560886,0.000007884386,0.000068696696,0.00002514946,0.0000033091887,0.000015938778,0.0000074942527,0.000043527823,0.9993187,0.000009301158,0.0000046395726,0.00039678052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031038971,0.0001058061,0.00047437684,0.0000015227885,0.000008265503,0.00002499224,0.0000050808335,0.00021850852,0.99901986,0.0000024315973,0.00013358165,0.0000024840224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008207897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00065610424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008207897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020497014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016760432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024569035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139437296","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2014.024","title":"Five years operation of a decentralized membrane bioreactor package plant treating domestic wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Aeration; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Water quality; Reclaimed water; Waste management; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.008224833665246742,"score_gpt":0.24821896714709718,"score_spread":0.23999413348185045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139437296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987668,0.000034562498,0.0006454037,0.000011051379,0.0000019846993,0.000031973133,0.000091602335,0.000054187927,0.000362484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954135,0.00004911729,0.0019575316,0.000020635407,0.0000026093646,0.000022936836,0.0006637892,0.000008327057,0.0018615763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995454,0.000041163938,0.000026615406,0.00012835418,0.00017792227,0.00008063744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996594,0.00002892294,0.00004887381,0.000040218685,0.00015067522,0.00007199232],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057458953,0.0003313554,0.0004653417,0.0003508986,0.00089658046,0.0004358823,0.00052901765,0.00037490283,0.0005133215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030864982,0.00015613876,0.00043352178,0.0003420085,0.00031711857,0.00033411066,0.0003925399,0.0002943882,0.00022968491],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011637311,0.0023344925,0.086106464,0.00028908445,0.00014880153,0.0015643735,0.0014257503,0.0074805496,0.7674038,0.00014408426,0.0010028944,0.13093594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026429916,0.03821363,0.638245,0.00003803277,0.0002622241,0.0016303523,0.0013806014,0.016428567,0.29427782,0.00007381027,0.009090017,0.00009565532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04787217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08064076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04787217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017005944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011905907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09518707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139753542","doi":"10.5897/jmer12.047","title":"Aeration of volatile organic compounds using gas dispersion impellers","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechanical Engineering Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Air stripping; Baffle; Environmental science; Wastewater; Pollutant; Impeller; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Mass transfer coefficient; Sewage treatment; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.05023516095591303,"score_gpt":0.31210371955896316,"score_spread":0.26186855860305014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139753542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850767,0.0007224594,0.012633154,0.00008482016,0.000034720408,0.00002373097,0.00012466269,0.00025886935,0.0010408288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875874,0.00046822074,0.009962019,0.000028199887,0.000011176691,0.000014426215,0.00019142302,0.000017158745,0.0017199633],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998135,0.00002251519,0.000014505408,0.000040240422,0.00007786413,0.000031404048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998443,0.000039007424,0.000050299826,0.000012284067,0.00004163505,0.000012430149],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015261545,0.0002727934,0.00025726287,0.00023209986,0.00016779556,0.00026594033,0.00033955745,0.00024378262,0.00059339084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026476692,0.00010389165,0.0004362797,0.00024159254,0.0001295237,0.0002819287,0.00018813652,0.00030004114,0.00019039861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010300427,0.000036031328,0.0008302766,0.00013074404,0.000008451841,0.000109857334,0.000034727607,0.0007661113,0.98780626,0.00006652105,0.00010389089,0.0100040315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010450956,0.00062412664,0.003989556,0.000004734345,0.000014120415,0.00020827199,0.00003382808,0.003889749,0.9877266,0.000023513332,0.0034624995,0.000012546735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007700341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008954868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007700341,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018356006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117853204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001985073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141385467","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.103","title":"New insights into membrane fouling in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor based on characterization of cake sludge and bulk sludge","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Anaerobic exercise; Characterization (materials science); Membrane reactor; Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007963920641312024,"score_gpt":0.21657218286797317,"score_spread":0.20860826222666115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141385467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897501,0.00073053705,0.008912631,0.00011501596,0.000015493666,0.000010733622,0.00009650132,0.00004039774,0.00032855893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865072,0.0007310519,0.010912033,0.00008628626,0.000020108846,0.000022343962,0.00020340072,0.00002879701,0.001488832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990535,0.0000110144865,0.0000074241157,0.000025485,0.000029916788,0.000020882535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999863,0.000049805243,0.000016201455,0.000014541086,0.000035128054,0.000021269414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023531972,0.00047334871,0.0005339277,0.00032242728,0.00028645806,0.0006936471,0.0002814885,0.0006056409,0.0003470848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023262117,0.00024119162,0.00031588983,0.00022241593,0.00035933458,0.00086204655,0.00022172378,0.0005767337,0.00015380213],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029101964,0.0000062261324,0.00012448218,0.000008602229,0.0000012593474,0.000014280153,0.00001072847,0.000022355061,0.9991604,0.000025562365,0.0000046482614,0.000592422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000075878684,0.00014254138,0.0067394804,0.000003849373,0.000017019189,0.00022100813,0.00010286265,0.00283414,0.9889792,0.00032440765,0.00061672647,0.000011278957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010174041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001528836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010174041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024264707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030087354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002022922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141986876","doi":"10.1139/s08-038","title":"Protein fouling of ultrafiltration membranes — investigation of several factors relevant for tertiary wastewater treatment","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Technische Universität Berlin; University of Waterloo; Technische Universiteit Eindhoven","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Isoelectric point; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Biofouling; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013401064870529777,"score_gpt":0.1972176603911038,"score_spread":0.18381659552057403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141986876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99651957,0.00048371204,0.0026347884,0.00005952112,0.000011457267,0.00001770253,0.000062656865,0.000012804516,0.00019780408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99612254,0.00053715275,0.00265355,0.000038863673,0.000008835736,0.000021845788,0.00012202233,0.000010638444,0.00048465133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959916,0.000107017564,0.000026811707,0.00004975104,0.00014589228,0.000071466464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995764,0.00014243321,0.00008952038,0.000020517473,0.00012438397,0.000046754747],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058009004,0.0005175252,0.0005519442,0.00023410904,0.00043089315,0.0006756378,0.00024227511,0.0007382168,0.0003413377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092026417,0.00013287508,0.00046159924,0.00031816814,0.0003456746,0.00041674648,0.00024560446,0.00058481627,0.00013666328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045718887,0.000014925446,0.00021229051,0.000035157802,0.000003189558,0.000016209005,0.000020563297,0.00004532811,0.99908304,0.000009474993,0.000004546537,0.00050958735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032172982,0.00013457883,0.0029122194,0.0000024958754,0.000008911552,0.000041524163,0.000022312974,0.0003344335,0.996381,0.000011812983,0.00014423214,0.0000034150507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018642357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013242572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018642357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049773435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039112402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037068129},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142075574","doi":"10.1002/app.31735","title":"Performance of a newly developed hydrophilic additive blended with different ultrafiltration base polymers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Polysulfone; Contact angle; Materials science; Membrane; Polymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Polymer chemistry; Cellulose acetate; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.007117798438535609,"score_gpt":0.21243279702118115,"score_spread":0.20531499858264554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142075574","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99528944,0.00091133156,0.003220748,0.000019529707,0.000016545937,0.000015750527,0.000066758,0.000053937452,0.00040599666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919749,0.0010708822,0.0054001804,0.000026796997,0.000014810482,0.000022926852,0.0001513432,0.000034365392,0.001303836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998479,0.000021279744,0.000011541891,0.000032357253,0.00005870698,0.000028120248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998153,0.000039634044,0.000056024135,0.000016003924,0.000041893363,0.00003129426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023356103,0.0006325235,0.00044153188,0.00028400926,0.00013644673,0.00030657378,0.00023140735,0.00033742745,0.0005313111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028011936,0.00014871718,0.00030328034,0.00016841589,0.00014249896,0.00041630576,0.00018943977,0.00037462276,0.00019698977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041651663,0.000010779068,0.00003937334,0.000024501447,0.0000030304009,0.00001076979,0.000005405453,0.000029032022,0.99920887,0.000008160379,0.0000032288917,0.00061526534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025106735,0.000116884614,0.00045474677,0.0000019621177,0.000015145516,0.000034970108,0.0000036606389,0.00017087834,0.9988753,0.0000025355173,0.00031902822,0.000002312321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005675956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006429514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006325235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022559371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015279821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017774105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143143150","doi":"10.1039/c4ra04638b","title":"Criteria for the selection of a support material to fabricate coated membranes for a life support device","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Selection (genetic algorithm); Membrane; Materials science; Computer science; Material selection; Nanotechnology; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Composite material","score_opus":0.02378462965072366,"score_gpt":0.30393775703312065,"score_spread":0.280153127382397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143143150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5877137,0.01118412,0.34057382,0.0022714804,0.0005804443,0.0060717314,0.0023505888,0.00078090554,0.048473213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5363226,0.0046442603,0.44581342,0.00042698171,0.000112152185,0.003112826,0.0025891887,0.0004359051,0.0065427213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99566865,0.0009937139,0.0008121842,0.0003860797,0.0018143472,0.00032503373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9923327,0.0029208737,0.0010048057,0.00064749963,0.002593669,0.00050050474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047700605,0.0013620373,0.0012294393,0.0027307826,0.001520709,0.0022953858,0.0010340883,0.0017872475,0.0018938945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014270587,0.00068163243,0.00085922395,0.0014782668,0.0010614875,0.0012558971,0.0012204598,0.0008873685,0.002060388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005664284,0.00025665932,0.0029708773,0.0012685133,0.00005778093,0.00089049514,0.00024004432,0.0020724179,0.9533292,0.0052424073,0.0011322881,0.031972878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008944676,0.00088031765,0.0072736526,0.0005076627,0.00021369761,0.0011223991,0.00045270336,0.006434194,0.95076865,0.0035749578,0.028568797,0.000113569076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092493265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001985731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047700605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054858223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013197673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.025226772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143922742","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22383","title":"Membrane fouling control and performance enhancement of ultrafiltration of latex effluent","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Effluent; Chemical engineering; Ionic strength; Materials science; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.009034301039326316,"score_gpt":0.18639614676953287,"score_spread":0.17736184573020655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143922742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99650663,0.00056868047,0.0025601767,0.000019435205,0.000008637308,0.000007996467,0.00003389828,0.000023068103,0.00027138586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955655,0.00046170416,0.0031354607,0.00001842285,0.000006314052,0.000008330178,0.000063894826,0.000011296891,0.0007290303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977845,0.00004764381,0.00001735271,0.000037467667,0.00008257636,0.000036430625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985623,0.000032056705,0.000038468854,0.00001173077,0.00004467387,0.000016764241],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003046737,0.00036739616,0.00026924262,0.000156542,0.00015399481,0.0003101743,0.00016387248,0.0002763968,0.00030946362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032011085,0.000083668434,0.0002856418,0.00012994678,0.00013434929,0.00023996238,0.00015385187,0.00023857424,0.00010192478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002731562,0.000008679649,0.00006335266,0.00002059763,0.0000018968359,0.0000067956166,0.000006565885,0.00004384424,0.99923754,0.000006917374,0.000003719776,0.0005728798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025912354,0.0001067312,0.00090217305,0.0000011697448,0.0000051545503,0.000014263516,0.000004563966,0.00038128765,0.9984114,0.0000036802198,0.00016489535,0.0000019818112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011112975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011973863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011112975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029555446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021164246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022096038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144304884","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.050","title":"Influence of filtration conditions on membrane fouling and scouring aeration effectiveness in submerged membrane bioreactors to treat municipal wastewater","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Permeation; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04044704685412874,"score_gpt":0.3406235127499164,"score_spread":0.30017646589578767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144304884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991192,0.0003751541,0.00022695419,0.00002654288,0.00001658534,0.00000415056,0.00004408734,0.00001057974,0.0001768042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911946,0.0002068161,0.00035049432,0.000020267118,0.000009392281,0.000004689855,0.00006121955,0.0000075208713,0.00022015502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958676,0.000100377736,0.00006803677,0.000058631784,0.000091277725,0.00009497258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992023,0.00040542084,0.0001400958,0.000033786826,0.00012708076,0.00009135067],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065138494,0.0004342375,0.00048386844,0.0003618011,0.00044743184,0.00094004645,0.00025044667,0.0005125429,0.000554745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012693077,0.00029146395,0.00046271292,0.00031933753,0.0003562827,0.0006640181,0.0002632491,0.0004854269,0.00013066921],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012287284,0.00011365788,0.0010448251,0.00007949391,0.000031888743,0.000054017335,0.00011547712,0.00031682235,0.9934249,0.00003789577,0.000053427942,0.0034987766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001713919,0.00055972836,0.004482736,0.00000724057,0.00004002154,0.000045453216,0.00006621387,0.00052340515,0.9939977,0.000016103788,0.00023166234,0.000012467206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004652645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043257745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004652645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000681792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006375785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009251118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146582327","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.683","title":"Bench-scale assessment of membrane pre-treatment and seasonal fouling potential variations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Ultrafiltration (renal); Water treatment; Water quality; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.009700802475438454,"score_gpt":0.26624625631760046,"score_spread":0.256545453842162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146582327","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963743,0.00013128204,0.0022262738,0.00002585994,0.000023187777,0.000051112867,0.00048798916,0.000044006694,0.000635928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934483,0.00019273744,0.003230629,0.00005729346,0.000011694293,0.000063638785,0.0007557006,0.000020589641,0.0022194588],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998084,0.000026491976,0.000010487932,0.00006168569,0.000061384344,0.000031656495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996824,0.00011578747,0.00002759299,0.000034320128,0.00011037554,0.000029511684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040186377,0.00034906736,0.00043888588,0.00015486243,0.00036870703,0.00044547272,0.00029318326,0.0006537947,0.0009319991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055049406,0.00014576247,0.0004263501,0.00021133352,0.00018462834,0.00037494305,0.00022906269,0.0005405436,0.00026544914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030549633,0.0001613032,0.000715565,0.000029980396,0.000011157264,0.000013414752,0.000016699865,0.0002840568,0.99570423,0.000014190871,0.000046502308,0.002697378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018850527,0.0013833712,0.012245172,0.0000021797543,0.000031690917,0.00003237081,0.000044532368,0.0021578688,0.9835792,0.00004043319,0.0004532455,0.00001112318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031461737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042457664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031461737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004259873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028289962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006255746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146828666","doi":"10.1002/btpr.378","title":"Probing protein colloidal behavior in membrane‐based separation processes using spectrofluorometric Rayleigh scattering data","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Rayleigh scattering; Scattering; Chemistry; Static light scattering; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Light scattering; Colloid; Dynamic light scattering; Membrane; Fouling; Size-exclusion chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Chemical physics; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Optics; Nanoparticle; Physics; Biochemistry; Physical chemistry; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.03832638410639248,"score_gpt":0.31154651089287105,"score_spread":0.27322012678647856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146828666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9400103,0.0013706591,0.05699312,0.00011946301,0.000020743746,0.00006050466,0.00013940732,0.00021704675,0.0010687166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9321123,0.0017753149,0.064498976,0.00010538669,0.000013382759,0.00009347363,0.0002394589,0.000046874367,0.0011147956],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990048,0.00029861624,0.0000502609,0.0001313882,0.00045985729,0.00005520601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992305,0.0003863032,0.00010950874,0.000041746218,0.00020878864,0.000023173263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015429255,0.0004264582,0.00036292968,0.00063392665,0.00033016468,0.0005847029,0.00037106586,0.0006387682,0.0002982131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019396242,0.00018530877,0.0002651767,0.00048716564,0.00046822854,0.000605953,0.0003223781,0.0005392303,0.00025561862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002929362,0.000016943663,0.00044186367,0.000029284905,0.0000054452826,0.000018458068,0.00003963011,0.0003754765,0.996512,0.000085914595,0.000014964529,0.0024307463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026721518,0.00008801358,0.002133525,0.0000039387355,0.000008282391,0.000050084724,0.000031100477,0.009857129,0.9873849,0.000078152065,0.00034960487,0.000012680441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024812757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027081345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024812757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006029434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043731567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008159876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148417520","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.04.9","title":"Investigation of Best Operating Conditions for Treatment of Oily Wastewters with Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltartion Membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fiber; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01774785607944054,"score_gpt":0.2633063843338767,"score_spread":0.24555852825443616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148417520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9787279,0.0056688837,0.013880186,0.00022566288,0.00006042903,0.000053220872,0.00027588187,0.000084190826,0.0010236921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9794819,0.0031084004,0.016664818,0.00006470485,0.000022681805,0.00006459535,0.00019104559,0.000032155607,0.00036978966],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993789,0.00012904745,0.00007216552,0.000099936056,0.0002098902,0.00010999941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966943,0.00011151914,0.00010204977,0.000011548903,0.00008113082,0.000024374434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066051766,0.00048864854,0.0007219752,0.0005082161,0.0004388301,0.0008864488,0.00038250317,0.0007035496,0.0005157905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00095556886,0.0002441667,0.00053003366,0.00037273736,0.0002713235,0.00091962155,0.00035915032,0.0005733581,0.00021222545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029089345,0.000059675076,0.0006637464,0.0003582498,0.000016112479,0.00012457784,0.00007347647,0.00068464025,0.9918697,0.00007488466,0.00008614825,0.005697854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010525872,0.0003651721,0.0022671523,0.000036192265,0.00003998813,0.0001476893,0.0001498049,0.0014212781,0.9940653,0.000069526104,0.0014085469,0.000018860415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000692615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00140596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008864488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027621663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044604272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034932494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149605283","doi":"10.1139/s02-028","title":"Effects of chloramination and site specific issues on nanofiltration flux loss and foulant characteristics","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chloramination; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental chemistry; Chloramine; Brackish water; Ammonium; Biofouling; Nitrification; Organic matter; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chlorine; Salinity; Nitrogen; Oceanography; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.00511579430410474,"score_gpt":0.18235253660724424,"score_spread":0.1772367423031395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149605283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99920267,0.00011425962,0.00035541158,0.000009518499,0.0000026441596,0.000012632144,0.00007069956,0.000009418251,0.00022288918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99793434,0.00018015002,0.0010600826,0.00003261823,0.0000026466525,0.000016307149,0.00021114625,0.000013186098,0.0005496496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996445,0.00007319855,0.000046806297,0.00007424164,0.00010840859,0.00005276162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990645,0.00042978153,0.00017940282,0.00005640656,0.00021726258,0.000052731506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000473857,0.00030690362,0.0003389906,0.00019013193,0.00027903795,0.00047847556,0.00019515578,0.00033862787,0.0008153419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010930247,0.00021656058,0.00033218187,0.00015790323,0.0002870393,0.00027490433,0.00023239682,0.00031687133,0.00011609368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043662565,0.000042730328,0.0045790253,0.00008099687,0.000025222462,0.00007468431,0.0001016919,0.00022097524,0.99152994,0.000011583166,0.000017703924,0.0028788836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009195186,0.0011221634,0.039794043,0.0000056095087,0.000035432804,0.00013808618,0.00010459948,0.0004492176,0.9578883,0.000010840634,0.0004338634,0.000008669001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042817625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00880293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042817625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004482312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027419915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008513689},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150986230","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800207","title":"Extraction of a dissolved organic contaminant from water into an aqueous surfactant solution across a microporous membrane","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Aqueous solution; Extraction (chemistry); Microporous material; Chemistry; Micelle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Solvent; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009425860708117186,"score_gpt":0.2025718443807071,"score_spread":0.19314598367258992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150986230","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95828307,0.0012854924,0.039011143,0.00024662018,0.000049267335,0.00006421911,0.00018647371,0.00020672909,0.0006668671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94935906,0.0013085824,0.045956668,0.00008201041,0.00002991572,0.000034607794,0.0002335613,0.00003997558,0.0029556977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978966,0.000023044002,0.000015649259,0.000045426103,0.000092337454,0.000033857308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998455,0.000041361393,0.000032015087,0.000008610557,0.00004869958,0.000023686907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024643226,0.00033340047,0.00040368008,0.00033104533,0.0003189788,0.00039614594,0.0003193911,0.00051598373,0.00023059025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003145042,0.0002077866,0.00032512043,0.00020569102,0.00024525676,0.00048829353,0.00023100198,0.0003488473,0.00025836655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009824486,0.000002998686,0.00003831746,0.000013454722,0.0000017746763,0.000022642731,0.000004008868,0.000025519941,0.9992416,0.000023106742,0.000006365976,0.0006104271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004226276,0.000050633425,0.00022089043,0.0000018217404,0.0000055306855,0.000057006273,0.000005264056,0.00063715264,0.99836785,0.000015493066,0.0006315464,0.0000026011198],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001260125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001613045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001260125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043150995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004551393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031307936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151273409","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0036","title":"Optimization of phosphorus removal in secondary effluent using immersed ultrafiltration membranes with in-line coagulant pretreatment  —  implications for advanced water treatment and reuse applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Flocculation; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ferric; Phosphorus; Chemistry; Chloride; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Coagulation; Ferrous; Membrane; Suspended solids; Sedimentation; Settling; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008126845415791775,"score_gpt":0.2167477905190715,"score_spread":0.20862094510327972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151273409","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99559706,0.00022041229,0.0036718433,0.00005794729,0.000008875206,0.000045294404,0.000054975055,0.00003338485,0.00031022914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98913014,0.00043397542,0.009413713,0.000035480105,0.000006893353,0.00003229625,0.00013332278,0.000014408997,0.0007999436],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997242,0.000047944275,0.000025762967,0.00004507751,0.00010768046,0.000049246282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998573,0.000025169398,0.000042623396,0.00000973457,0.000039773087,0.000025239322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036111742,0.000767205,0.0006517097,0.00019559242,0.00034832238,0.0007159048,0.0004937182,0.0006802911,0.00042986198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004351744,0.00023656014,0.00062333123,0.0002496297,0.00028942866,0.0004142993,0.00031941972,0.00060159306,0.00014269107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003588755,0.000048146525,0.00009538606,0.000025944213,0.000003904325,0.00001093605,0.0000052658115,0.00018395526,0.9988532,0.000008682453,0.0000061766646,0.0007225627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011401095,0.0003084136,0.0010972524,0.0000018482249,0.000011584591,0.000030984975,0.000010646455,0.0009746064,0.9973405,0.000010293452,0.00019824551,0.0000042041443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035579063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057493034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035579063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008675287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00063535105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070744157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151786513","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.03.1","title":"RO Membrane to Remove Sulfate: an Inland Brackish Water Desalination Pilot Study","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Brackish water; Desalination; Sulfate; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Salinity; Geology; Oceanography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01672873512677995,"score_gpt":0.2823854511275811,"score_spread":0.26565671600080115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151786513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99886143,0.000060490987,0.0003492065,0.00004567776,0.0000065816353,0.00007709964,0.00007113428,0.000017511435,0.0005109699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943347,0.00034289705,0.0021582711,0.00010581799,0.000013078477,0.0000696166,0.00018277433,0.000013396979,0.0027794444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971193,0.00006044805,0.00001981519,0.00005067742,0.000097055556,0.00006013853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998056,0.00003534914,0.000025308396,0.000020738598,0.00007722804,0.000035818324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005284136,0.0005872393,0.00090019533,0.00032969227,0.0008969252,0.00048105806,0.00043826483,0.00089683034,0.0012982534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003005536,0.00020505556,0.0007756315,0.00028228425,0.00027837552,0.0005916469,0.00044930776,0.00048062514,0.0003238487],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006520401,0.002540202,0.001629781,0.0002772373,0.000056670782,0.0003425687,0.0002802887,0.0013332638,0.98596406,0.00009188494,0.00021790343,0.0066139963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030364515,0.022114633,0.020107595,0.000017173277,0.00019546147,0.0003210723,0.00073422026,0.0042383447,0.94601977,0.000077584256,0.0058178757,0.000052586573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007615845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009729132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007615845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006065857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005383306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015143037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153785254","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.6","title":"Full-Factorial Experimental Design to Determine the Impacts of Influential Parameters on the Porosity and Mechanical Strength of LLDEP Microporous Membrane Fabricated via Thermally Induced Phase Separation Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microporous material; Porosity; Materials science; Diluent; Factorial experiment; Polymer; Membrane; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Fractional factorial design; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03263012696702327,"score_gpt":0.32606794799811534,"score_spread":0.29343782103109206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153785254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94112253,0.0012314197,0.040384103,0.00014977489,0.0006443839,0.010719733,0.0028330632,0.00037574378,0.0025392622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7637859,0.0014187425,0.16432804,0.0006043354,0.00016895578,0.056729164,0.0031527537,0.00025227453,0.009559723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98794645,0.0027973636,0.0016764657,0.0024177325,0.0036531992,0.0015087968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916163,0.0036490133,0.0017967857,0.00093342375,0.0015223686,0.00048203667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007363571,0.0025856677,0.005097223,0.0013714253,0.0014666442,0.0019509605,0.002605613,0.0017392384,0.006080887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004264315,0.0010968001,0.0026892973,0.0015169451,0.001392193,0.0008059316,0.0011976914,0.0040860996,0.00076853164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.024727814,0.022619741,0.0032869733,0.0025646195,0.00091895525,0.00019100712,0.0005766054,0.0057740384,0.9146157,0.0009947136,0.0003885991,0.023341268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033204413,0.2595178,0.033353426,0.00015937311,0.002432567,0.00019385766,0.00054005696,0.019430935,0.66456574,0.0011015418,0.015038986,0.0003452836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012450928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012815825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007363571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017326172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024070835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.038942754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153929549","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.02.3","title":"Study of Membrane Transport for Hemodiafilter and Reverse Osmosis Module","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Forward osmosis; Desalination; Osmosis; Mass transfer coefficient; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.015575767644270657,"score_gpt":0.263003928556549,"score_spread":0.24742816091227837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153929549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9721805,0.0010184482,0.02486918,0.0001326572,0.0000369821,0.000026275879,0.00011627244,0.00006719521,0.0015524889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895058,0.0007936325,0.0072908117,0.000029380737,0.000007249101,0.000019315938,0.00011737129,0.000014196653,0.0022223266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988663,0.000010989142,0.000004527396,0.000028743936,0.000038111793,0.000031002728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999162,0.000025228343,0.000012963682,0.000005388823,0.000032839664,0.0000072369453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021720347,0.00023860268,0.0003853835,0.00018613647,0.00027100343,0.00043756398,0.00030618062,0.0005653018,0.0004093805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000308696,0.0000947486,0.00045825023,0.00019807028,0.00015874441,0.00080282305,0.00020371987,0.00046137426,0.00014102986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082852464,0.00005276523,0.0016389575,0.000105274295,0.000012086522,0.00018259427,0.00007897925,0.004920318,0.9846561,0.0032975883,0.00013661418,0.0048358724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001304852,0.00019613338,0.0036420284,0.000016577762,0.000020692503,0.0001979856,0.0001251499,0.15985769,0.8331791,0.00064211054,0.0020884871,0.00002107812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025888607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080228155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025888607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006979446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037448865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051475763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155515824","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22290","title":"Modelling of cross‐flow microfiltration of dye‐loaded activated carbon in a ceramic tubular membrane module","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Reactive dye; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Membrane; Materials science; Adsorption; Activated carbon; Chemical engineering; Steady state (chemistry); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Dyeing; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02011486466556244,"score_gpt":0.20860569398328122,"score_spread":0.18849082931771877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2155515824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9441779,0.00041137857,0.04694224,0.00017774198,0.000036265188,0.000099176475,0.00045191744,0.0003206372,0.007382759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99189407,0.00024481246,0.0040407158,0.000017755647,0.0000035502014,0.00008538062,0.00012718739,0.000020417143,0.00356612],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987876,0.000016794831,0.0000069479825,0.000030051991,0.000034619065,0.00003292511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998318,0.00007462002,0.00003060551,0.000011034188,0.000037058282,0.00001481258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002233248,0.0005093582,0.00067198096,0.00038123233,0.00056108553,0.0008788941,0.0008619242,0.0020967617,0.001556007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035155893,0.00036540622,0.0012375524,0.00036304264,0.00039240505,0.0004514705,0.00035535966,0.00044318274,0.00026413382],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005874743,0.000040783525,0.00080736063,0.000067157096,0.000019955656,0.0001360557,0.000038412818,0.9737664,0.023264248,0.000542865,0.000060753773,0.0011972076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006323063,0.000039930797,0.00045287007,0.0000033484287,0.0000067412475,0.000017282857,0.0000113585165,0.9953713,0.0038725114,0.000063429914,0.00014858988,0.0000062578783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025769373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009266975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025769373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012576028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011427592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.051238775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156438812","doi":"10.7202/705427ar","title":"Traitement d'effluents de tannerie-mégisserie par microfiltration tangentielle","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Membrane","score_opus":0.06473135244359521,"score_gpt":0.3078746230245289,"score_spread":0.24314327058093368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156438812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852716,0.0003806663,0.013774283,0.00002229145,0.000008813475,0.000042136297,0.00006446002,0.00007519879,0.00036052827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9564564,0.00091456465,0.036611695,0.00002699672,0.0000068116633,0.000054473225,0.00022028314,0.000050658742,0.005658054],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997383,0.000033620403,0.00001431266,0.000091359325,0.00008731071,0.00003511734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998721,0.000032423464,0.000040545143,0.000014062227,0.000028428054,0.0000123664195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030869307,0.00048644573,0.0004631741,0.00018265567,0.0002457968,0.00059777615,0.00022965293,0.00039017588,0.0005289254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003123617,0.00013599069,0.00051018957,0.00019147038,0.000261903,0.00029094785,0.00024103552,0.00048252626,0.00023149961],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031577976,0.0000123379605,0.0002984147,0.000028811668,0.0000043067716,0.00001944311,0.000037507754,0.00013393859,0.9975311,0.000017463497,0.00000407823,0.0018810506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028164807,0.0002480454,0.0047406144,0.0000033609188,0.0000130867065,0.000045199482,0.000028500406,0.00046912523,0.9934964,0.000011175319,0.0009360978,0.000005624171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002359501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044527045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002359501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004109874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030582526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004691541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156469536","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2012.01.02.7","title":"Energy Generation from Osmotic Pressure Difference Between the Low and High Salinity Water by Pressure Retarded Osmosis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Concentration polarization; Salinity; Membrane; Seawater; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Geology; Oceanography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013991808860993578,"score_gpt":0.22450882734432653,"score_spread":0.21051701848333296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156469536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72482425,0.048486277,0.1942159,0.0023989386,0.00079978845,0.00010395625,0.00043981822,0.00065350987,0.02807756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92808205,0.026520764,0.035671614,0.0002372156,0.00011863602,0.000054970253,0.00023030062,0.00006947632,0.009014997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998876,0.000013429924,0.000006536826,0.000018566907,0.00005674196,0.000017084063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999541,0.000013974061,0.000010586076,0.000005017907,0.000011264415,0.0000050724875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017315621,0.0002334704,0.00034125973,0.00026760832,0.00023217867,0.0003800097,0.00024321474,0.00033062045,0.0012133688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014159728,0.0001508078,0.0003652533,0.00024336833,0.00030997713,0.0007648468,0.0004576131,0.00054363883,0.0006188682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033373613,0.000009014121,0.000104724866,0.00029709237,0.0000061294995,0.000092070564,0.000022641667,0.00023288866,0.98562396,0.0019105448,0.00018808205,0.0114794765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047716517,0.000062634455,0.00032395453,0.000013153609,0.00000787541,0.00018804688,0.000023705847,0.0006606,0.9881678,0.00065634743,0.009883256,0.00000769349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006686862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014245616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012133688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018942406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016471687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004059136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156658508","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.037","title":"Modelling the production and degradation of soluble microbial products (SMP) in membrane bioreactors (MBR)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":167,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Activated sludge; Fouling; Degradation (telecommunications); Bioreactor; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane reactor; Activated sludge model; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Wastewater; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.09691491611325441,"score_gpt":0.2963708433952595,"score_spread":0.19945592728200506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156658508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798289,0.00087891024,0.013658869,0.00040189334,0.000043223143,0.000064328386,0.0005142064,0.0000640352,0.0045457026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900032,0.00065343815,0.0054233023,0.000041034546,0.000011811603,0.00008732506,0.00027544313,0.000025010555,0.0034795639],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997447,0.000055615033,0.000014103598,0.00006269645,0.000047735888,0.00007510604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900454,0.0007595499,0.000086607804,0.000027071806,0.000074835734,0.000047430014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000675725,0.00092257344,0.0012295522,0.00047775527,0.00060375803,0.0019651281,0.0011443284,0.003839072,0.0014218593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001689857,0.00083883305,0.0016576374,0.0006378168,0.0007189435,0.001298214,0.0004912241,0.0011705635,0.00028560995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007722227,0.000061643805,0.00083637406,0.00008226682,0.000024229712,0.000056337594,0.000021507667,0.99198407,0.0051246234,0.00058594963,0.000061283085,0.0010844744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016734064,0.00007563238,0.00039136753,0.0000037705022,0.000015096383,0.000011965262,0.000022730343,0.996431,0.0025881436,0.00028471506,0.00015054023,0.000008393345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05282415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018489396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05282415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027014553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016494242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10503334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157223242","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.2","title":"Forward Osmosis: Potential use in Desalination and Water Reuse","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reuse; Process (computing); Process engineering; Reverse osmosis plant; Water treatment; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.013151579006162227,"score_gpt":0.25611862237558986,"score_spread":0.24296704336942762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157223242","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26676688,0.42899966,0.19336571,0.009711748,0.002781104,0.00024325223,0.0011373322,0.0015611771,0.09543314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78473157,0.15286298,0.029901821,0.0007707626,0.0004293579,0.00007259109,0.00047003938,0.00009966599,0.030661155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975353,0.000036601396,0.0000084320045,0.000048889557,0.00011662846,0.00003587594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998361,0.000036212932,0.000025436711,0.000016833466,0.00006083815,0.00002462046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004803675,0.00049558224,0.0005076571,0.00093959155,0.0004025631,0.0010506666,0.0006838979,0.0009833247,0.0055215037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036555293,0.00022757088,0.00072669215,0.0011922767,0.0005580053,0.0016770748,0.0008229312,0.00074708194,0.002354404],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049363694,0.0002722572,0.001898656,0.0033738017,0.000102628816,0.0010519292,0.00015339117,0.0032847251,0.5081441,0.0232429,0.008551888,0.44943023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005600315,0.00095493475,0.0017824017,0.0003801066,0.00015747885,0.0020065755,0.00025685987,0.008869043,0.63860285,0.01466222,0.33217826,0.000093152514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065994315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001188866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0055215037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005974788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047087285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0184713},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157289328","doi":"10.1385/abab:109:1-3:181","title":"Removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand, Nitrogen, and Heavy Metals Using a Sequenced Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment of Landfill Leachates at 10-30°C","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Leachate; Mesophile; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Psychrophile; Biochemical oxygen demand; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.015075843169263197,"score_gpt":0.23005427303408552,"score_spread":0.21497842986482232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157289328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99837446,0.00008070699,0.00079827185,0.000028679618,0.0000060751095,0.000009843025,0.0003178184,0.00001740119,0.00036665337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99262625,0.00018695508,0.003762424,0.000027361933,0.0000043885057,0.000024244635,0.001345095,0.000016619671,0.002006628],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998192,0.000020300955,0.000020276459,0.000034484347,0.00006886574,0.000036912636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990344,0.00001609368,0.000014764236,0.000007101497,0.00003386139,0.000024688261],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002867417,0.00031031983,0.0003970433,0.00018263685,0.00035230274,0.0005029869,0.00015633689,0.00019907186,0.0003414088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002289758,0.00015323957,0.00026412928,0.0002909753,0.00018540703,0.00014823314,0.00025129243,0.00027316064,0.00015640205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017356123,0.000036648158,0.0008812754,0.000015784064,0.00000297728,0.000017478733,0.000030112307,0.00016091148,0.9973079,0.000016968796,0.000015092373,0.0013412706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017405819,0.0002763201,0.013521845,0.0000051280736,0.000024023397,0.00010914896,0.00012680618,0.0015771685,0.98312855,0.000042874886,0.001159654,0.00001101408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009637192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012035332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009637192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043395776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010350749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019162178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158405874","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2006.009","title":"A Comparison of Commercial and Experimental Ultrafiltration Membranes via Surface Property Analysis and Fouling Tests","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylonitrile; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Chromatography; Polymer; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.12233910245459054,"score_gpt":0.42997856253127076,"score_spread":0.3076394600766802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158405874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99126536,0.0013577995,0.006294613,0.000065023145,0.000020476211,0.00004707281,0.0003499087,0.00005824519,0.0005415792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870695,0.0010876525,0.010439548,0.000037586244,0.000011739116,0.00005296033,0.00065018155,0.0000229394,0.0006278962],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991153,0.00017946739,0.00015406037,0.00013534422,0.00033397664,0.00008187643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906105,0.00030391902,0.00015820838,0.00007312137,0.00035919057,0.000044580105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011915835,0.00050871284,0.00037736224,0.00047699173,0.00040121074,0.00039460103,0.00041328126,0.00054776424,0.0006926641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017648083,0.00016408467,0.00037458757,0.0005366558,0.00029769976,0.0006333502,0.0002056226,0.00029486182,0.00016820774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110046945,0.00003840263,0.00065879256,0.00010540324,0.000014813725,0.000015139676,0.000025379104,0.000073483105,0.99679947,0.000018645773,0.000021107784,0.0021193288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062787126,0.00017909474,0.0036735295,0.000003704854,0.000023985587,0.000058047255,0.000022988052,0.00020818929,0.99551105,0.0000074897443,0.00030200157,0.0000037170992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023330196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003794214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023330196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064970506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003154808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0063017607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158646804","doi":"10.1139/s03-007","title":"Étude du colmatage des membranes en ultrafiltration et en coagulationultrafiltration d'eau de surface","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Permeation; Chromatography; Organic matter; Membrane permeability; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006239594775743572,"score_gpt":0.20892253363639907,"score_spread":0.2026829388606555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158646804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811528,0.0018810563,0.015851326,0.00011303038,0.000033249413,0.00003993988,0.00006633254,0.00006302774,0.00079927774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97024834,0.0022046415,0.02165917,0.00008830588,0.000043167725,0.00011348587,0.00037605898,0.00004610685,0.0052208],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866116,0.00045384912,0.000030382647,0.00022427911,0.0005042095,0.00012616543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900013,0.00049002725,0.00018900284,0.000040426927,0.00020017619,0.000080188416],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014299667,0.00092515256,0.0005989804,0.00040076367,0.0008268641,0.0011171901,0.00034855475,0.001460977,0.00095865387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022902023,0.0002511808,0.0006633069,0.00037051903,0.0008211304,0.00089627126,0.00030572235,0.0008409182,0.00034721158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002284131,0.00005076696,0.0013879929,0.000095177355,0.000030326453,0.00008744749,0.00013409286,0.00043713846,0.98833174,0.00016750232,0.000033498512,0.009015943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004528897,0.0008076434,0.0152188465,0.000010140803,0.000030847536,0.00032507456,0.0000676595,0.00273705,0.977109,0.0000894994,0.0035418216,0.000017020753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043331636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023486263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043331636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013493384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052140665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009790242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158790853","doi":"10.1080/07388550008984168","title":"Membrane Processing of Fruit Juices and Beverages: A Review","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Electrodialysis; Membrane technology; Food science; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Fruit juice; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Biotechnology; Biology; Mathematics; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05839949038244398,"score_gpt":0.37831783375701844,"score_spread":0.3199183433745745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158790853","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004587241,0.99659145,0.0005716764,0.000119995144,0.00017146383,0.000012961205,0.000027850458,0.000022323968,0.0020235686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010957707,0.9956809,0.0010299267,0.00011918932,0.00011846869,0.00001583868,0.000061453946,0.000003738226,0.0018747222],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997371,0.000029641473,0.00003258153,0.000054038537,0.00012842337,0.000018199948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997937,0.00006534209,0.00003942912,0.000008084658,0.00007196567,0.00002149831],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044865845,0.0014192273,0.0020105487,0.0019521771,0.00039680646,0.0011570251,0.00096407026,0.0011964206,0.0047794506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043156758,0.0003243904,0.00049376994,0.0028078118,0.0002934103,0.0017847685,0.0005231914,0.00078227906,0.005280247],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006491612,0.00012812174,0.00015624127,0.01861635,0.000084301275,0.00036070272,0.00007169241,0.0004899934,0.013356616,0.0014230612,0.014589548,0.95065844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018739634,0.00018024251,0.0009892136,0.0023897947,0.00011398876,0.0016417011,0.00008009472,0.00014874496,0.0039752843,0.0009766275,0.9894615,0.00002398473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00121317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018857627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047794506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043887692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00089650747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015988886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161298571","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800103","title":"A simple and effective model for cross‐flow microfiltration and ultrafiltration","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Flux (metallurgy); Flow (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Materials science; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.009469186363125649,"score_gpt":0.20178125816375458,"score_spread":0.19231207180062893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161298571","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03280331,0.0005307039,0.95007366,0.0006290538,0.00017015346,0.00015027638,0.00058351946,0.0004317169,0.014627586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8403573,0.0013167869,0.09802805,0.00032151354,0.0001257246,0.0012723804,0.00092298473,0.00025237884,0.057402942],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996922,0.000054323806,0.000014074534,0.00006015254,0.00012960573,0.000049592945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974424,0.000107107226,0.000027199363,0.000022266877,0.0000824209,0.00001672286],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005064105,0.0007869712,0.00093935884,0.00044963058,0.0008894039,0.0011935391,0.0024945317,0.002573136,0.0036306526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010933258,0.000640618,0.0012344439,0.00047491243,0.00086982356,0.0017352245,0.0006218434,0.0014361932,0.00093228323],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024035193,0.000031145377,0.00022111795,0.00007282703,0.000016143205,0.00011165369,0.000062697785,0.9356174,0.006098239,0.053310197,0.0007483752,0.0036861289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008085892,0.00000816536,0.00007836327,0.0000034097022,0.0000037291761,0.000017418452,0.00000330193,0.9942941,0.00057741185,0.0039538834,0.0010460047,0.0000060477882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020377986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070827366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020377986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019420369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002355855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04051876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161321366","doi":"10.14796/jwmm.c375","title":"The Four National Taps of Singapore: A Holistic Approach to Water Resources Management from Drainage to Drinking Water","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Management Modeling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nanyang Technological University","keywords":"Surface runoff; Stormwater; Environmental science; Environmental planning; Water resources; Sewerage; Water supply; Water resource management; Drainage; Environmental engineering; Business","score_opus":0.032334253715551896,"score_gpt":0.237194082108261,"score_spread":0.2048598283927091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161321366","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2940191,0.009596619,0.27525043,0.04082061,0.00042966323,0.00066921255,0.0016654182,0.0005756719,0.37697333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8953167,0.0076302877,0.064103715,0.0010004942,0.00005719216,0.00026374636,0.0002904042,0.00004931415,0.031288162],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996074,0.00017823902,0.000023259114,0.000042656047,0.00009868936,0.00004982015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984527,0.000017526945,0.000021894206,0.000013674286,0.00004186291,0.000059750637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000530834,0.00035527468,0.00023585207,0.00051682204,0.0007261698,0.0025098622,0.0007064147,0.00063524634,0.0023834647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030604986,0.00022574133,0.00038145535,0.00095342274,0.000997045,0.0019514868,0.0027333458,0.0006738067,0.00018944914],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088007284,0.0002125045,0.024266358,0.0009860725,0.00019860988,0.001861371,0.004423784,0.10535542,0.009074462,0.540274,0.030332306,0.28292713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004636455,0.00045050355,0.046150696,0.0008696982,0.00017758583,0.0012510666,0.01872055,0.18256602,0.0051352754,0.27096838,0.4734733,0.00019056683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02074459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06226061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02074459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002986538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008192384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.041247666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162133421","doi":"10.7202/705430ar","title":"Nanofiltration de solutions de nitrate d'ammonium. Etude des paramètres influents","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Humanities; Physics; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Philosophy","score_opus":0.10361102866137357,"score_gpt":0.3268464366052499,"score_spread":0.22323540794387636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162133421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.978783,0.0033575722,0.015966447,0.000102606675,0.000059291207,0.000053072978,0.00026552237,0.00007538244,0.0013371339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97600013,0.0028939222,0.017205823,0.000081144906,0.000014971412,0.00008090706,0.00033317288,0.000028931452,0.0033609823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999746,0.000026795786,0.000013175337,0.00005316957,0.00013886107,0.000021980464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987936,0.00004774182,0.000020798121,0.000006554682,0.00004015103,0.0000053647964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004467951,0.00032756242,0.00044439815,0.000086480846,0.000255022,0.0002787197,0.00019441862,0.00052815734,0.00044022713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041122804,0.00011770598,0.0004278145,0.00014725122,0.00016152023,0.0002950055,0.00017437433,0.0003123638,0.00015093238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078073244,0.000020772122,0.00046091783,0.0001295181,0.000008711465,0.000027264861,0.00003633961,0.0005446336,0.99329424,0.000049384835,0.000025243522,0.0053248974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001235477,0.00045885795,0.0050617885,0.00001384355,0.000020409085,0.000062105,0.000032653148,0.004159792,0.98822683,0.000048905604,0.0018927711,0.000009746306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043121423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004728607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043121423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005567741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031618087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008574069},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162302429","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22056","title":"Modelling development for ultrafiltration membrane fouling of heterogeneous membranes with non‐uniform pore size","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Dispersity; Polysulfone; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Particle size; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Coagulation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009721844681003608,"score_gpt":0.18148151645115135,"score_spread":0.17175967177014773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162302429","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14774126,0.0010850327,0.84198606,0.0003785769,0.00006696873,0.00025328892,0.00040348465,0.00035312478,0.0077322396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9079574,0.0013067721,0.0784025,0.000103934915,0.000040144685,0.00095955556,0.00049217895,0.00012884504,0.010608786],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969494,0.00008114821,0.000020853466,0.000061068575,0.000097411015,0.000044673823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949086,0.0002884748,0.00005394599,0.000022760887,0.00012813022,0.000015781816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008126809,0.000820539,0.0009356158,0.00053941796,0.000512151,0.0012077389,0.0013964608,0.0022039392,0.00097256573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013130396,0.00051968,0.0017964647,0.00039206963,0.0004431528,0.00094086275,0.00062359835,0.0008640395,0.00033753444],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013633898,0.000020841535,0.00028974365,0.00007835843,0.000013898744,0.000056666464,0.00003277546,0.99092627,0.0046016844,0.0017264687,0.000053709296,0.0021860874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025873899,0.000010107682,0.00008742304,0.0000032042153,0.0000030292783,0.0000068702516,0.0000055314795,0.9988217,0.0005913452,0.00025984732,0.00020539058,0.0000029423788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019512044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008088289,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019512044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017543322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013727144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03879696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162617397","doi":"10.1002/ep.12180","title":"Effect of pretreatment using ultrasound and hydrogen peroxide on digestion of waste activated sludge in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Alberta Health Services","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Hydrogen peroxide; Activated sludge; Anaerobic digestion; Sparging; Sonication; Membrane bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane reactor; Biodegradation; Fouling; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical oxygen demand; Wastewater; Biochemistry; Methane; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.009003807894309303,"score_gpt":0.23934096361089946,"score_spread":0.23033715571659016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162617397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974068,0.00070760614,0.0013753115,0.0000700621,0.000026341855,0.00002256779,0.000030287589,0.000029677396,0.00033122228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954455,0.0007052456,0.0031652735,0.000052967116,0.000012586169,0.000018251309,0.00007665082,0.000013697121,0.0005098262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970657,0.00008930681,0.000033510758,0.000042966334,0.00006868149,0.000059032704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997906,0.000059892045,0.000060904174,0.000017155236,0.000036850666,0.000034656015],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035386172,0.00072073255,0.00068634085,0.00019761964,0.0002022937,0.00046150666,0.0002412381,0.00050568307,0.0007007181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005853329,0.00036661664,0.00054023863,0.0002427734,0.0002849955,0.00047486738,0.00030623435,0.000494368,0.00022620306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030628708,0.00005603516,0.00015434518,0.00005165939,0.000011144224,0.000038221257,0.000020768413,0.0001499683,0.99762017,0.000010907207,0.000011127583,0.0015693591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002335184,0.00091604854,0.0021544835,0.0000066595912,0.000045712222,0.000054510016,0.00004103624,0.00066433963,0.9956097,0.000012923246,0.00046379026,0.000007445823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012442523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014732295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012442523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029869084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00056010956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00247401},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164393780","doi":"10.1139/s02-020","title":"Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":444,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Environmental science; Emerging technologies; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Industrial wastewater treatment; Population; Business; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.006541397130616558,"score_gpt":0.18264780584260842,"score_spread":0.17610640871199187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164393780","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008895581,0.87443316,0.076726675,0.0026692976,0.0020005826,0.00014008838,0.000087434375,0.00019215899,0.03485494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10019257,0.79245406,0.070939645,0.0017635381,0.0021690172,0.00027021053,0.0002339869,0.000049117985,0.03192787],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988549,0.00021100951,0.000060347753,0.00015072923,0.00061458856,0.00010849561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983513,0.000056440003,0.000025276677,0.000014264144,0.000051412786,0.000017535227],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008133949,0.0007065624,0.0008499244,0.0013493295,0.0007137569,0.0014128253,0.001037095,0.0020065086,0.0031245276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004517529,0.0003609214,0.0005090238,0.0016032609,0.0014693638,0.002021427,0.0015526452,0.002482827,0.002668189],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001448744,0.00033753493,0.00061986956,0.007116369,0.00009065905,0.0010787493,0.00045904965,0.006907548,0.17744794,0.17926928,0.013587126,0.612941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037259233,0.0005605612,0.0007031897,0.0009458852,0.00003843035,0.0026011784,0.0001885596,0.0028278695,0.09224165,0.099544115,0.80023205,0.000079196405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005194113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005700676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031245276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010129402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00071283756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010452628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164522454","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0033","title":"Membrane concentrate management options: a comprehensive critical review","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Pollutant; Water quality; Natural organic matter; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Environmental science; Waste management; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.012165188395987148,"score_gpt":0.2307416849138403,"score_spread":0.21857649651785316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164522454","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015001788,0.9992061,0.000096427764,0.00014063688,0.00006611645,0.000006189421,0.000012573415,0.0000032910696,0.00031863363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000732105,0.9986632,0.00026489314,0.000109660024,0.00006797397,0.0000067589317,0.000024069475,0.0000012593053,0.00013007132],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994748,0.00009729635,0.00011778745,0.000079197926,0.00019286702,0.000037973783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99831104,0.00097052986,0.0002558119,0.000027932272,0.0003751423,0.00005950553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016501435,0.0012752266,0.002498631,0.0038830047,0.00038009646,0.0017157096,0.0019289459,0.0020198731,0.0038580822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019952746,0.0005538068,0.0012915479,0.003252649,0.00052939117,0.0023599716,0.0007098226,0.0012110331,0.0012846219],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015272811,0.00012657151,0.00022560154,0.07101924,0.00028439373,0.0004068794,0.00008784677,0.0012124948,0.0019616412,0.0020309796,0.018513784,0.9039779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004107427,0.000515959,0.0012980105,0.04861534,0.0013005405,0.0022622792,0.00027565638,0.0004909305,0.00298991,0.0020707685,0.9400669,0.000072628725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019072464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029568018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038830047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011175415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021548325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012906611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165431192","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000254","title":"Evaluation of Apparatus for Membrane Cleaning Tests","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013856693478989929,"score_gpt":0.2441772964482722,"score_spread":0.23032060296928228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165431192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7333502,0.0032802795,0.24068421,0.00063523086,0.0010616197,0.009682876,0.0037305118,0.0034337272,0.0041413894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68669,0.0044992818,0.27665138,0.0005149354,0.00051326543,0.01577335,0.008060055,0.0009595831,0.006338179],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9931994,0.0009905049,0.00096452504,0.0007886133,0.0034760062,0.00058089255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99034274,0.002722723,0.000716046,0.00210427,0.0038218212,0.0002924206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0060647177,0.0014304393,0.0013014704,0.001344578,0.0012668993,0.00090928987,0.002228465,0.002438117,0.0046319203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013634027,0.00063110836,0.0009776554,0.0010462666,0.0007041956,0.0017403126,0.0013854423,0.0014484173,0.002577098],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006837322,0.00042889983,0.0032801153,0.00083995337,0.00006346704,0.00020757831,0.00021604047,0.0010738272,0.96843463,0.0005752416,0.00053344195,0.023662997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000094446,0.004034539,0.006623844,0.000117553165,0.00014148443,0.00026793982,0.00017554403,0.0018678975,0.9757313,0.00033657343,0.010557929,0.000051001567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034231463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038735018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060647177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063250086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008340596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.032073677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165550576","doi":"10.1089/109287502320963391","title":"A Model of Membrane Fouling by Salt Precipitation from Multicomponent Ionic Mixtures in Crossflow Nanofiltration","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Precipitation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Salt (chemistry); Cross-flow filtration; Microfiltration; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010987578506121714,"score_gpt":0.19916960845337522,"score_spread":0.1881820299472535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165550576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68628204,0.0009689028,0.29399583,0.0010283495,0.00017756087,0.00023395181,0.0006159532,0.00042418993,0.016273214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96956664,0.0005928992,0.014583956,0.00013514246,0.000038228623,0.00038451207,0.00027674375,0.00007377676,0.0143479975],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981767,0.000035788915,0.000011660319,0.000040167663,0.00005527011,0.000039401424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998012,0.00008311248,0.000034644323,0.000011166214,0.000045561213,0.000024273997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004040204,0.00085293024,0.00088066875,0.00042339085,0.0008496204,0.00083168433,0.0013266514,0.0025869308,0.0012669994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007310919,0.0005509263,0.0012635918,0.0004567489,0.00075059535,0.0011015912,0.00080697704,0.0008611743,0.00027213592],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005928112,0.000041050458,0.00039828278,0.000031587966,0.000017124212,0.000112215384,0.00004358212,0.97880405,0.015126463,0.004194665,0.00012185199,0.0010498033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011411291,0.000018492665,0.00012511123,0.0000015042685,0.000004676383,0.000008950012,0.000004370715,0.9984428,0.0009045983,0.00035249288,0.0001211629,0.000004471412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.032828573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009759989,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032828573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015686264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001246359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.065274954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167019797","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000341","title":"Surface Properties of Biofouled Membranes from a Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor after Cleaning","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Lakehead University; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Materials science; Extracellular polymeric substance; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane bioreactor; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Attenuated total reflection; Chromatography; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material","score_opus":0.006905453887893528,"score_gpt":0.17583807049526456,"score_spread":0.16893261660737102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167019797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754685,0.0004986242,0.00137934,0.000033943114,0.00001230855,0.00000878426,0.00023605299,0.000025295882,0.00025880634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99534154,0.0005141187,0.002284561,0.000037306367,0.000007491905,0.000029524772,0.0005463568,0.000024967563,0.0012141042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976164,0.000023534782,0.0000203938,0.00004611087,0.00010655018,0.000041785304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997936,0.00004852126,0.00004564985,0.000015375024,0.00007622845,0.000020643001],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027089982,0.0003792426,0.0004843368,0.00022923773,0.00025390112,0.0003859865,0.00027464208,0.00058325095,0.000626653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004434213,0.00015717767,0.00041484018,0.00027325805,0.00015683648,0.00033256717,0.00019355337,0.00043640408,0.00025310423],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025584508,0.0000049543423,0.00012041589,0.000017415732,0.0000024410149,0.000017999027,0.000012361257,0.00003061799,0.99938416,0.000003661896,0.0000050328026,0.00037534183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028833736,0.00012823516,0.005637259,0.000004431238,0.000012754745,0.000067630885,0.000058968395,0.00038785272,0.9933374,0.000010661277,0.0003450193,0.0000069013827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015245308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000837793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015245308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033478026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001944025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030312538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167761723","doi":"10.1002/bit.20568","title":"Effects of protein–protein interaction in ultrafiltration based fractionation processes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fractionation; Chromatography; Protein–protein interaction; Protein purification; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005089859643624341,"score_gpt":0.20663572668577088,"score_spread":0.20154586704214653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167761723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98096186,0.0033184618,0.01457984,0.00008209243,0.000027047365,0.000046875106,0.000049601902,0.000091541595,0.00084281585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867611,0.002131809,0.010001403,0.00009234607,0.000022692275,0.000042590076,0.00009773988,0.000044453896,0.0008059143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991831,0.00021976397,0.000047130095,0.00009414856,0.00034724106,0.0001085913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924797,0.0004824976,0.000113339156,0.00003487456,0.00006917508,0.00005211908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007811673,0.0005343502,0.0006253002,0.00020638568,0.00045503103,0.00089875894,0.00047971544,0.0005375681,0.0005247784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011427705,0.00027775965,0.0004295961,0.00030159985,0.0004574585,0.00068694254,0.00054299436,0.00088229065,0.0002646299],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014508654,0.000024055438,0.00019906944,0.000093540475,0.000013685086,0.000033124586,0.000041862426,0.00020881109,0.99650574,0.000058718353,0.000010146835,0.0026662417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006500295,0.00017921661,0.0014790597,0.000005415652,0.00002254917,0.00009463427,0.000018115137,0.0009673873,0.99671113,0.00003441254,0.0004745904,0.0000068751674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005992025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007172833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00089875894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037368786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029638462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041312575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170039702","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0056","title":"Anaerobic treatment of concentrated latex processing wastewater in two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesophile; Effluent; Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Aeration; Blanket; Environmental science; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.008076383106607184,"score_gpt":0.21553973820318298,"score_spread":0.2074633550965758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170039702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964307,0.0004064213,0.002765455,0.00001810391,0.000011536522,0.000023528692,0.000058011465,0.000023787092,0.0002624897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99043244,0.00063642213,0.007343406,0.000033392826,0.0000090050235,0.00004324696,0.00019414297,0.000011313394,0.0012966925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995559,0.000085257634,0.000055340493,0.00008706116,0.00016509507,0.000051333715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999858,0.000029064322,0.000038107504,0.000011155831,0.000038956914,0.000024657704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038754573,0.00058784074,0.00084493903,0.0003102234,0.00024973298,0.00065769,0.00032766894,0.0005596781,0.00040474418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022263403,0.00021073772,0.0005933543,0.00033370225,0.00017291846,0.00039510804,0.0003572408,0.00036378563,0.00018615545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021280172,0.00008357344,0.0006675894,0.00018135551,0.000012434932,0.00007838504,0.00002864403,0.00070764316,0.9954358,0.0000128995525,0.000008954965,0.002569915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003529866,0.00084996177,0.006208182,0.00001943274,0.000032086326,0.00010490933,0.00008428649,0.0057021882,0.9862402,0.000028372117,0.00067683775,0.000018335211],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022481787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032048344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022481787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035666942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003771549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044701695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170218824","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.3","title":"Vapor Permeation of Aqueous Ethanol through Agarose-Sericin Membrane","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Agarose; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027460784063339023,"score_gpt":0.29193424012763386,"score_spread":0.26447345606429484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170218824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9859511,0.0014040685,0.010796346,0.000118387245,0.000031657346,0.00001675422,0.00011449475,0.00011136969,0.0014559227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939221,0.0008498389,0.003177338,0.000031597963,0.000007449568,0.00000923885,0.00011468679,0.000012866299,0.0018748709],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991894,0.000009351495,0.0000056558615,0.000021267075,0.00002092269,0.000023890767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999478,0.000013329596,0.000012915003,0.0000053575504,0.000012892336,0.0000077572795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011171687,0.0002488201,0.00018715159,0.00012338387,0.00012935893,0.00016707664,0.00023231308,0.00025115878,0.0004191829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009577535,0.000103743754,0.00026429,0.000120476965,0.00010469961,0.0002850047,0.00018999692,0.00036588046,0.00020195932],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015090273,0.0000036129927,0.00004181163,0.000027184105,0.0000021677781,0.00003690588,0.000007900222,0.000025120313,0.99917006,0.000040506053,0.000010637116,0.0006189741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018159697,0.000042844644,0.0003334516,0.0000029897308,0.000004574412,0.00006689415,0.00000893388,0.00046516696,0.9986203,0.000011411382,0.00043987206,0.000001911035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079059263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045036644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079059263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001963492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015780554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015720129},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173222549","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.040","title":"Enhanced performance of PVDF nanocomposite membrane by nanofiber coating: A membrane for sustainable desalination through MD","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Desalination; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Nanofiber; Coating; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05353158713446905,"score_gpt":0.3352025469976452,"score_spread":0.28167095986317614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2173222549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939182,0.0009180004,0.003576208,0.00011714768,0.000034223718,0.0000073543342,0.0000861952,0.00008429225,0.0012584375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99626154,0.0004152847,0.0017513009,0.000021170601,0.0000066362495,0.0000052274736,0.00006800232,0.000010346706,0.001460408],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992836,0.0000050316357,0.000005594757,0.000018523147,0.00002302659,0.000019435136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995327,0.000009329494,0.000008741268,0.0000044540175,0.00001596034,0.000008212483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001114209,0.00027122675,0.0002043921,0.00014490895,0.00018510832,0.00023484342,0.0002071113,0.00046717416,0.00088485586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013852697,0.00011335062,0.00025224348,0.00010588457,0.00008482414,0.00035785724,0.00014890534,0.0003098439,0.00024350225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056618064,0.000008934644,0.0000565285,0.000031755917,0.000003074596,0.000024774497,0.0000066469374,0.000084174775,0.9983896,0.000037794434,0.000036383175,0.0012636391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016800052,0.000023670156,0.00023963785,9.203966e-7,0.0000036727001,0.000026218648,0.0000037200136,0.00062828214,0.99871457,0.000006726311,0.00034900618,0.000001853357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090174703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011198097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090174703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028317756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015341106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029601455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177628446","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.063","title":"Thermodynamic analysis of effects of contact angle on interfacial interactions and its implications for membrane fouling control","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Contact angle; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Diiodomethane; Surface energy; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.017669074933228827,"score_gpt":0.2788646783671282,"score_spread":0.26119560343389936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2177628446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880656,0.0010363826,0.00803821,0.00006095084,0.0000298072,0.000017195089,0.00018062479,0.000033131004,0.0025380836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885106,0.0001659708,0.00048818416,0.0000058182914,0.0000056673275,0.000006273052,0.00007619392,0.000008188861,0.00039262624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998103,0.000031127838,0.000009961169,0.000025524263,0.00009094393,0.00003218456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996809,0.00016851434,0.000028922952,0.000018421702,0.0000887705,0.000014433472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032758148,0.00018554057,0.00027036548,0.00040197774,0.00028559688,0.00031095985,0.00031402303,0.00017930967,0.0020754673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00081493834,0.00012489798,0.00034823437,0.00040526403,0.00022189741,0.00036777847,0.00016880286,0.00039202196,0.00020314787],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075415993,0.00018439916,0.0043265326,0.00019235248,0.00004890119,0.00015262376,0.00005244316,0.00874706,0.97319937,0.002273192,0.00018452619,0.009884235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010482519,0.00019060908,0.008956428,0.000004196658,0.000029478235,0.00008139559,0.000043610155,0.05701831,0.9326305,0.00040868833,0.0006057515,0.000020636708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001764281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018011137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020754673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029279807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022581968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069431067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178475670","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22393","title":"Impact of sonication on activated sludge properties and consequences on PAH partitioning","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sonication; Chemistry; Naphthalene; Aqueous solution; Pyrene; Partition coefficient; Activated sludge; Aqueous two-phase system; Fraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.03853414631433341,"score_gpt":0.23031463461409762,"score_spread":0.1917804882997642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2178475670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99822503,0.000530593,0.0005732777,0.00003516445,0.000011222908,0.000013039478,0.00012192296,0.000014130133,0.0004755865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988349,0.0003196106,0.00034044997,0.000018230301,0.000003955244,0.000009569733,0.00010754826,0.000009284906,0.00035654343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995615,0.00013640549,0.000049341543,0.000056624438,0.00013333236,0.00006279355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992607,0.00038984435,0.00012790345,0.000029866667,0.00014657924,0.00004503496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034251166,0.00035415398,0.00030218644,0.00024625866,0.00021016084,0.00046476026,0.00012963059,0.00028690306,0.0010971862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010632277,0.00017057992,0.0002882943,0.0002561969,0.00033674165,0.00030335668,0.0002798999,0.00031025594,0.00023715498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026861535,0.00001670157,0.0006303657,0.00006928909,0.000014459712,0.000051215266,0.000042225744,0.00040339865,0.9971601,0.00001905036,0.000015055896,0.0013094351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006716557,0.0005152819,0.0058503384,0.0000073651245,0.000022131002,0.000053074476,0.000068199566,0.0007345169,0.9922725,0.000026967418,0.0004351709,0.000007688016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012504375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001049713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012504375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036750862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002729529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036703944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2183829961","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.052","title":"Influence of COD:N ratio on sludge properties and their role in membrane fouling of a submerged membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Composition (language); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Wastewater; Nitrogen; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.09916196722173327,"score_gpt":0.30425561852175004,"score_spread":0.20509365130001678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2183829961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988951,0.0002949979,0.0002953974,0.000028798091,0.000017006065,0.0000052218593,0.00005814784,0.00000847838,0.00039693242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907243,0.00015151691,0.0002961198,0.000022049775,0.0000052708265,0.000004369044,0.000036336118,0.000006261291,0.00040559747],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960035,0.000094254014,0.00006334001,0.000073510324,0.00009706935,0.00007141681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922323,0.00040628432,0.00010646467,0.00004512975,0.00012058978,0.000098329816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043391742,0.0003322354,0.00042645945,0.00020779987,0.0002558266,0.0007730099,0.00029048996,0.0004886597,0.0006313737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001131752,0.0002539212,0.00035914863,0.00021019111,0.0003235247,0.0004659149,0.00019021661,0.00037024892,0.00020295463],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016213105,0.00008640176,0.0010910296,0.000052970234,0.00001741811,0.00009117241,0.00003851084,0.00031750725,0.99504185,0.000026043403,0.000028448778,0.0015873077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016108479,0.00042312164,0.004075086,0.0000045066477,0.0000284425,0.000047497004,0.000041048075,0.0010641427,0.99406165,0.000018686787,0.00020894497,0.000010809607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018275002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001859001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018275002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040772022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043116766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003633678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2187784117","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2006.085","title":"Fouling analysis of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Biofilter; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006994707506927884,"score_gpt":0.23920912152490506,"score_spread":0.23221441401797718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2187784117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832011,0.0017733637,0.012807163,0.000058657446,0.00003524174,0.000063872874,0.00045129372,0.000042259286,0.0015670585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96920913,0.0022993765,0.024217328,0.00010997312,0.000021131296,0.00013209239,0.00079116336,0.000038163143,0.0031815497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992169,0.00009798059,0.00006962398,0.00008822145,0.00042315168,0.00010412022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995228,0.000120025325,0.00007082447,0.000031951473,0.00021815742,0.000036334164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006532211,0.00042389022,0.0004939486,0.0007866379,0.0007032704,0.0005003111,0.00027385794,0.00058965856,0.00043419612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009925205,0.00016005915,0.00042271515,0.00058273895,0.00026316807,0.0004220518,0.00017290922,0.00037885524,0.00014673082],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004008399,0.000018729852,0.00045456825,0.00003686827,0.0000059897607,0.000020320593,0.00004049056,0.000056460794,0.9975514,0.00004742339,0.000012821808,0.0017148847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033434467,0.0002080943,0.0112212375,0.000010564161,0.00001488503,0.000113878894,0.000066442466,0.0005486273,0.98665154,0.000081963684,0.0010702888,0.0000091150605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002910848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034380797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002910848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004447705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048673048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00578779},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2204947852","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.029","title":"Effects of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles and backing material in improving the structure and performance of VMD PVDF membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Membrane distillation; Nanoparticle; Porosity; Permeation; Pervaporation; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007600636937449256,"score_gpt":0.22461294659888634,"score_spread":0.21701230966143709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2204947852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99709284,0.00059653335,0.0016925207,0.00003484348,0.000015556523,0.000007866718,0.0000372452,0.000039436814,0.000483104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961111,0.00050789304,0.0026434176,0.00002703387,0.000007395577,0.000011687277,0.00006902431,0.000016479627,0.0006060459],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998173,0.000027055436,0.00002325885,0.000040174124,0.000048342095,0.00004386968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997944,0.000056734345,0.000054059317,0.00001756618,0.000052405834,0.00002470321],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027517573,0.00033828616,0.00022882172,0.00016969287,0.00019267359,0.00026327773,0.0002624672,0.000401209,0.00044999848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040048544,0.00025836434,0.0003597257,0.0001470719,0.00018056833,0.0004116185,0.00015086273,0.000377447,0.0001514963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006519243,0.000012952402,0.000058131125,0.000029772787,0.000004563741,0.000013008753,0.000009388332,0.000119737546,0.99904615,0.000025234893,0.000011973509,0.00060397596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021782437,0.000034049168,0.00028640777,0.0000012272772,0.000007987107,0.000011439965,0.0000041256953,0.0004505481,0.999073,0.0000037993775,0.00012323532,0.0000020518946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076324906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010102047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00076324906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025168157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018510393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018261075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2205495150","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.10.067","title":"Separation of lipid mixtures using a coupled supercritical CO 2 –membrane technology system","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Supercritical fluid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Bar (unit); Permeation; Extraction (chemistry); Membrane technology; Yield (engineering); Oleic acid; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Solvent; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.028083052948701986,"score_gpt":0.3101788862933373,"score_spread":0.2820958333446353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2205495150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8777655,0.0033267778,0.112536475,0.00042701318,0.0002082333,0.00033156006,0.00070225005,0.0007763935,0.003925806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9123296,0.0028817414,0.073989555,0.00023256282,0.00009597673,0.0003204299,0.0014781049,0.000110249726,0.008561923],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947244,0.000059736678,0.000047913876,0.000099221455,0.0002488805,0.00007178251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977714,0.000045031684,0.000016592558,0.000023207465,0.00010640987,0.00003167287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004950315,0.00053690805,0.0007436817,0.0007288053,0.00077694684,0.00069597724,0.0006030929,0.0007672708,0.0006249382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044577557,0.00024288453,0.00050316023,0.0005584714,0.00029367983,0.0006872467,0.0005775421,0.00085801596,0.0007851701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004283275,0.000016188336,0.00007372495,0.000028413446,0.00000919758,0.00001808178,0.000012565166,0.00009135848,0.9978375,0.000106890926,0.0000414338,0.0017219228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008113931,0.000047822206,0.0005465417,0.0000051009424,0.000021224294,0.000045352048,0.000009952096,0.0026890144,0.9945879,0.00008690888,0.0019418272,0.000010308728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053356765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056955256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0053356765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00084242516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014981956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010609269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211614780","doi":"10.2175/193864708788803442","title":"Using a Two-Phase Hydrodynamic Model to Control Fouling in an Ultrafiltration Side-Stream MBR","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Universiteit Gent","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.03077857096584031,"score_gpt":0.264678274423129,"score_spread":0.23389970345728872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2211614780","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43790027,0.00036508456,0.5525785,0.0009867328,0.00028772387,0.00016511063,0.00013349354,0.00076927006,0.006813737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97394025,0.00013786067,0.021037763,0.000086645174,0.000030259142,0.00009623216,0.00006356228,0.00005079757,0.0045565907],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986124,0.000033066575,0.000008378579,0.00003670231,0.000038130234,0.000022503193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996929,0.0001456032,0.0000365989,0.000016719801,0.000085595624,0.000022648399],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043018232,0.00071086205,0.0009101423,0.0002337232,0.0005712177,0.0009187585,0.000839954,0.0015145534,0.0008696201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009176063,0.00044936597,0.0007247595,0.00018802121,0.00043618405,0.0009902352,0.0005251619,0.00086148904,0.0001427334],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007517023,0.000110171524,0.00041667116,0.000046712063,0.0000165664,0.000049949304,0.000026249687,0.97878116,0.014143033,0.0016106952,0.00017998794,0.0045435987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064518313,0.00000804695,0.000029961755,3.211914e-7,0.0000015326882,9.171978e-7,8.021133e-7,0.9993199,0.0005492125,0.00005159779,0.000029743138,0.0000015882935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022249207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00993179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022249207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010268149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010795627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04423946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2219562219","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.026","title":"Preparation of Hyflon AD60/PVDF composite hollow fiber membranes for vacuum membrane distillation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars of Ministry of Education; Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province; State Key Laboratory of Materials- Oriented Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Tetrafluoroethylene; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Wetting; Coating; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Copolymer; Polymer","score_opus":0.02322075505440997,"score_gpt":0.30604029976521674,"score_spread":0.2828195447108068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2219562219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91838574,0.0029277196,0.07106856,0.00022227527,0.00015779395,0.00056004437,0.0017869743,0.0005682441,0.004322742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8804163,0.0031417992,0.105476804,0.00014257268,0.00005860519,0.00077826006,0.0028811488,0.00014239385,0.006962201],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975234,0.000017067749,0.000021431795,0.000049979433,0.000090227186,0.00006888905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987364,0.000022491477,0.000021550306,0.000019829815,0.0000435985,0.000018768369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042583386,0.00048517223,0.0007687023,0.0003928568,0.00051088084,0.00026270226,0.0003851376,0.0005124564,0.001382039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032690636,0.00030504167,0.00057435734,0.00045461158,0.00018455618,0.0004596609,0.0002832448,0.00078809506,0.0008659212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026685659,0.0000119143215,0.000030881656,0.00006451094,0.0000047426574,0.000019604264,0.00001490508,0.000063330976,0.99787676,0.00009837372,0.000048360853,0.0017399883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051191837,0.00003816681,0.00036423074,0.0000030544586,0.000004979996,0.000028153043,0.00000723909,0.00024452573,0.99765646,0.00003032419,0.0016133481,0.000004413303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068438624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011745744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001382039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034234303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003773878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004623413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2221296519","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2015.114","title":"Controlling biofouling of reverse osmosis membranes through surface modification via grafting patterned polymer brushes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Adhesion; Grafting; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Polyelectrolyte; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.04113392173664891,"score_gpt":0.27024936812654143,"score_spread":0.2291154463898925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2221296519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98914975,0.0009892387,0.008739523,0.000051015333,0.00003059617,0.000031773714,0.000060671246,0.0000898979,0.0008575587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98672384,0.001190958,0.0109842075,0.000044584598,0.000012542176,0.0000333807,0.000053792628,0.00001900084,0.0009377607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998765,0.000013432824,0.000010265678,0.000031693788,0.00004305174,0.000025081656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999902,0.00002607022,0.00002989068,0.000008192288,0.000022540904,0.00001122793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001469243,0.0003571892,0.00020053038,0.00017211177,0.000112905196,0.00024522378,0.00018409728,0.0002860836,0.00031097553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022865138,0.00018289425,0.00022516224,0.00013511098,0.00017783142,0.00027494025,0.00019302094,0.00028084003,0.00017164387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005947672,0.0000037149366,0.00002842627,0.000014558039,0.0000013967809,0.000010563468,0.0000047768604,0.000038904123,0.99925464,0.000017650591,0.0000064603,0.00061285676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025832999,0.000034407265,0.00040378232,0.0000014033925,0.0000036075025,0.0000236585,0.000003946191,0.0006899142,0.998497,0.0000090813255,0.0003283034,0.0000022749155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027807627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004722132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0003571892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019683543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011633093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014281273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2231328989","doi":"","title":"Biofiltration in Drinking Water Treatment: Reduction of Membrane Fouling and Biodegradation of Organic Trace Contaminants","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Fouling; Biodegradation; Contamination; Environmental chemistry; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Environmental science; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water contamination; Biofouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.009681424869624002,"score_gpt":0.20192794326350827,"score_spread":0.19224651839388426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2231328989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93769276,0.032667678,0.02313234,0.0007783199,0.00017750991,0.00014534961,0.00028177028,0.00024859025,0.0048757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95708054,0.017405385,0.017259276,0.00026888942,0.00003891274,0.00005608257,0.00023468595,0.000030591465,0.007625581],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967,0.00004212801,0.000019596258,0.00006846423,0.00014090777,0.000058945938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999131,0.000020003024,0.000025889023,0.000005984979,0.00002368049,0.000011289698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026364296,0.0003626141,0.00034989812,0.00024682895,0.00035186304,0.00063256506,0.00040552934,0.0006885549,0.00086758577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017881829,0.00014840752,0.00041133215,0.00035746937,0.00021806463,0.0004195983,0.00036994566,0.00059497874,0.0003509834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011292246,0.00012428025,0.0011059096,0.0005949821,0.000021875574,0.000072581744,0.000041222185,0.00034178176,0.96763635,0.00022381624,0.00018880355,0.029535485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000109487255,0.0005964297,0.010289675,0.00003450939,0.000047162448,0.00027925734,0.00005942365,0.0015482166,0.9775597,0.000089769834,0.009468636,0.00001627604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044392725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0069750226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044392725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007921329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005089282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008826852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2237523201","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.139","title":"Membrane processes for removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) from water and wastewaters","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":368,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Water treatment; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Adsorption; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.03355816447330938,"score_gpt":0.28994294484392535,"score_spread":0.25638478037061596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2237523201","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006275837,0.9980088,0.00036410458,0.00011072873,0.000096396754,0.00000691693,0.000018466268,0.0000056686754,0.0007614431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0024353687,0.99585944,0.0004911285,0.00005785603,0.0000566413,0.000007254201,0.000038048573,0.0000015623436,0.0010526262],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997348,0.000028006996,0.000030530045,0.00004080438,0.00012994556,0.00003590368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998447,0.00005002969,0.000042479733,0.0000060867837,0.000044320208,0.000012422248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059292576,0.0011463428,0.0015236955,0.0025183486,0.00032781172,0.00086806825,0.0009522026,0.0010408137,0.0015682725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036190837,0.0003642227,0.00085055147,0.0027853597,0.000393975,0.0011938586,0.0008727559,0.0011817185,0.0013534101],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013220563,0.00016335216,0.00018147823,0.03199536,0.00024356603,0.00033272282,0.00007833687,0.00074859743,0.024172751,0.0035157937,0.00922462,0.92921126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003053078,0.00020653223,0.001419478,0.002751065,0.00030614968,0.0014319344,0.00007758272,0.00031735408,0.013212625,0.0016708248,0.97852737,0.00004857013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011616743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002047592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025183486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051555457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008472953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005246341},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2238680564","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b03523","title":"Impaired Performance of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis due to Irreversible Biofouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Graduate Education; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Desalination; Biofouling; Seawater; Wastewater; Effluent; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Brine; Osmotic power; Reverse osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Environmental science; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Ecology; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014174868885709806,"score_gpt":0.22754443309849715,"score_spread":0.21336956421278733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2238680564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919299,0.0008378787,0.0058000097,0.00012946482,0.00004315192,0.000026848962,0.00023227898,0.00029667089,0.00070375623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964349,0.0005177373,0.0014849397,0.000060411578,0.000006735694,0.00002374268,0.00022576947,0.000043402877,0.0012023315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997141,0.00002933175,0.000028186125,0.000047138725,0.00012558093,0.0000555431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996383,0.00007443749,0.000099393634,0.00003510934,0.000106888554,0.000045790603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024470876,0.0006338711,0.0003588945,0.00015369673,0.00015794749,0.00054927944,0.0003898405,0.0004952649,0.0010621116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061469834,0.00017312089,0.0002819561,0.00016713225,0.0002577522,0.000670896,0.00054076925,0.0006751527,0.00043053945],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028531771,0.000007650495,0.00020989643,0.000045584642,0.0000036348597,0.000038021524,0.000010387599,0.000050992916,0.99810934,0.00001572691,0.00002988043,0.0014501885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018400838,0.00010671895,0.0014681766,0.0000031533564,0.000004412099,0.00005933469,0.000015365484,0.00060099526,0.9972235,0.000014250296,0.0004992233,0.0000031556306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005002136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035077502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010621116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019570622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021830157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003553152},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2243037874","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.12.062","title":"Surface modification methods of organic solvent nanofiltration membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Solvent; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.03437962416386366,"score_gpt":0.286594002756,"score_spread":0.25221437859213636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2243037874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9374518,0.0057339626,0.050792065,0.00023381205,0.00018640286,0.000110860026,0.00013788941,0.00013872578,0.005214473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9664805,0.0034228105,0.022423318,0.00011042731,0.00004220259,0.000076901386,0.00017703915,0.000044557775,0.0072223265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998016,0.000028412767,0.000011656829,0.0000349539,0.00008877378,0.000034571327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999442,0.0000118408225,0.000012710291,0.0000075430407,0.000018543025,0.0000051030925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020618152,0.00036912906,0.00020314941,0.00024181147,0.00022276887,0.00025490578,0.00027086627,0.00034693774,0.00072188297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022082901,0.00016803092,0.0003551216,0.00016234847,0.00019034016,0.0002728587,0.00020579068,0.00037510335,0.00024881726],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000197365,0.0000071648965,0.000050830597,0.00005008871,0.000005444833,0.000017899136,0.000019574769,0.00005114501,0.9960448,0.000108132925,0.00002589363,0.0035991976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023538953,0.000034459263,0.00059071096,0.0000026178086,0.000006123769,0.000040803,0.000007547328,0.00033869874,0.99737835,0.000030896506,0.0015642075,0.0000031417926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036106113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006038875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00072188297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021959003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000121868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024148822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2248783178","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.74","title":"Effect of Casting Conditions on SMM Blended Polyethersulfone Hydro–Phobic/–Philic Composite Membranes: Characteristics and Desalination Performance in Membrane Distillation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Desalination; Evaporation; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Casting; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.009262514744966142,"score_gpt":0.2651620378485159,"score_spread":0.25589952310354974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2248783178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969367,0.0011298899,0.0011479409,0.000034860823,0.000025869305,0.000016545053,0.00012319378,0.00003246468,0.0005524765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944863,0.0012131553,0.0033022552,0.000024487368,0.00001189381,0.000023435998,0.00012684758,0.000033305078,0.00077846384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978346,0.000030875846,0.000025319252,0.00004458694,0.00007652529,0.000039313407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999689,0.00007819828,0.00011193122,0.000019855897,0.00007059966,0.000030509786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002448747,0.00044377122,0.00040890893,0.00018114844,0.00018208844,0.00038083238,0.00018408782,0.00032022255,0.00068408233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005354385,0.00023854876,0.00026849026,0.00022948481,0.00016265557,0.0003861067,0.00019258285,0.00049612386,0.00021110516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054860277,0.000013500609,0.00011336492,0.00007031481,0.000003804798,0.00003206405,0.000021349855,0.000054997578,0.9989072,0.000011534442,0.000010297231,0.00070667936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001953095,0.00008480457,0.0015814255,0.0000050845483,0.000013602558,0.000031956337,0.000019113948,0.00023260961,0.99772054,0.0000025906031,0.00030160198,0.0000047093813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083495653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020740605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083495653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021272138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019623018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022884607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2252881090","doi":"10.1002/j.1551-8701.2011.tb03064.x","title":"Use Zeta Potential to Improve Direct Filtration Operation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeta potential; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.023357462015454054,"score_gpt":0.2266742332777474,"score_spread":0.20331677126229336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2252881090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7263618,0.002344135,0.2542532,0.0011134163,0.00023013147,0.00066022517,0.00047283585,0.003961449,0.010602814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8409218,0.002319315,0.14458504,0.00056597753,0.000066596454,0.00030820622,0.0009660658,0.0006849194,0.009582132],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995065,0.000042433545,0.000044531338,0.00008490518,0.00024190625,0.000079736696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994437,0.00015738935,0.00007960101,0.000041362364,0.00025104906,0.000026850601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069722,0.0011696573,0.00045547262,0.0009885498,0.00063861324,0.0011358643,0.00074821577,0.00070456543,0.003035179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015608729,0.0003360262,0.00054854667,0.00046230733,0.00024874113,0.0013195863,0.0010081946,0.00089893665,0.0018633637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019086209,0.0001739129,0.0021122238,0.00023381543,0.000040659717,0.00013740845,0.00014680326,0.0020933445,0.9353891,0.0003118049,0.0007877407,0.05838221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028182068,0.0002481703,0.0019154123,0.000010761968,0.000037399175,0.0001323816,0.00004461469,0.004144294,0.98574895,0.00017480357,0.007492619,0.000022469047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051293327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007850769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051293327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000747739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007053108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010198951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2266718562","doi":"10.2175/106143010x12851009156529","title":"Addressing Reverse Osmosis Fouling within Water Reclamation—A Side‐By‐Side Comparison of Low‐Pressure Membrane Pretreatments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Forward osmosis; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.15590304409724232,"score_gpt":0.3463120754230273,"score_spread":0.19040903132578496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2266718562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979236,0.00030988682,0.001407446,0.000025444873,0.0000107440965,0.000034784858,0.000046954025,0.000026938858,0.00021412321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994769,0.0005124011,0.0040198695,0.000021842627,0.000009063923,0.000029238981,0.000102547834,0.000014183695,0.0005220581],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996309,0.00007505504,0.000032832864,0.000068859015,0.00012332895,0.00006892386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963653,0.000086365566,0.00010032205,0.000045118028,0.00010125373,0.000030350144],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003208022,0.00041570357,0.0005977953,0.0002397648,0.00024867922,0.00044646175,0.0003133436,0.0005154317,0.00058125064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000631263,0.00016450451,0.0005430608,0.0002708758,0.0002373011,0.0004320238,0.00030793765,0.0005200377,0.00015530398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013728322,0.000052769392,0.0002761198,0.00005896729,0.00000992783,0.00002687146,0.000018783538,0.00011351619,0.9968129,0.000008743817,0.000009413717,0.0024747443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010585741,0.0012678393,0.005781617,0.0000024435337,0.00003337567,0.000080654856,0.000029487988,0.00044781258,0.9919574,0.0000070969536,0.0003748611,0.0000068342315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013879336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016335306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013879336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003082734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003409318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027597547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268831889","doi":"","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor - Membrane Process","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Process (computing); Membrane reactor; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.010020509124388054,"score_gpt":0.2128137464516986,"score_spread":0.20279323732731053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268831889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978988,0.00038220617,0.0010680394,0.000046271984,0.000022542734,0.00006015353,0.00014865611,0.000021117728,0.00035208333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937046,0.0008755623,0.004227848,0.00005829827,0.000016705457,0.00011220879,0.0001673886,0.000017365013,0.00082009943],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987826,0.00028376732,0.0001448355,0.00026644842,0.00033093255,0.00019160507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883896,0.00054060295,0.00020600206,0.00010303055,0.0002398067,0.00007161549],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013362487,0.00058789976,0.0013973055,0.00025632101,0.0007678139,0.00078883546,0.000758046,0.0015427596,0.00074095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010759548,0.00034433397,0.0008014579,0.00051866524,0.0004867783,0.00067614275,0.000485753,0.0009787398,0.0002790619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00070816756,0.00046702457,0.00041472656,0.00020620401,0.000018561901,0.00006666056,0.000099683886,0.0005516014,0.99573505,0.000032699132,0.000026938826,0.00167265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003663882,0.0034199764,0.0024535807,0.000011569526,0.000038033653,0.000035457313,0.00005085516,0.0015742991,0.9920259,0.000021383079,0.00031310954,0.00001915411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024462615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019441553,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024462615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005211257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048621112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007066846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2270692015","doi":"10.1039/c5ta09252c","title":"A practical approach to synthesize polyamide thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes with improved separation properties for water/wastewater treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Membrane; Materials science; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.021685732134416703,"score_gpt":0.250925166510161,"score_spread":0.2292394343757443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2270692015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8000388,0.002654364,0.18989089,0.00032385546,0.00013904159,0.00039525208,0.0003040734,0.00044070414,0.0058129607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8742588,0.0015345071,0.120911986,0.00007964931,0.000029019853,0.00019484524,0.00023425085,0.00003505123,0.002721908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999907,0.000010366133,0.000010099808,0.000027228476,0.0000309999,0.000014296466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992883,0.00001001649,0.00002192341,0.0000087831695,0.00002077251,0.000009643619],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019994462,0.0004822991,0.0001834005,0.0002813082,0.00022839449,0.00018848773,0.0002398222,0.00039538366,0.000644593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020607775,0.00017724249,0.00026585438,0.0001898573,0.00017079573,0.0003581559,0.00016740609,0.0004813376,0.0002825201],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008219484,0.000012546801,0.00003218018,0.000047456735,0.0000021702313,0.000025133515,0.000007006888,0.00005923731,0.9979073,0.000072221614,0.000012490844,0.0018141256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037861473,0.00006223432,0.00022290858,0.000002724429,0.000008286727,0.00013854839,0.0000063333396,0.0005161237,0.9977099,0.000030253137,0.0012951476,0.0000036791703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005333076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013825162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000644593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027911272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003405842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021563768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2273855103","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.121","title":"Influence of activated carbon preloading by EfOM fractions from treated wastewater on adsorption of pharmaceutically active compounds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Adsorption; Nanofiltration; Activated carbon; Microporous material; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012315072872853937,"score_gpt":0.24969166473868576,"score_spread":0.23737659186583182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2273855103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988763,0.00029123877,0.00028830595,0.000025530933,0.000024621278,0.0000056204703,0.00008078621,0.000010280369,0.00039718984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838936,0.00022625609,0.00044348883,0.000033858098,0.000009936004,0.000007416564,0.00013363772,0.000012423227,0.0007437442],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976367,0.000031770585,0.000024643246,0.000041038897,0.000041786585,0.00009703476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999736,0.00013087761,0.000036254125,0.000018593133,0.000049890183,0.0000283279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020018747,0.0004632743,0.00037271535,0.00019327286,0.00031504378,0.0005676792,0.00031285553,0.00052169745,0.0012638158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00053865265,0.00022835181,0.00037009065,0.000181542,0.0003103663,0.00038869958,0.00019932142,0.0004534562,0.00030225905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000803985,0.000052540923,0.00036868278,0.00007067599,0.000021396174,0.00005032354,0.000049173927,0.00023986436,0.9965384,0.000028606215,0.000034180553,0.0017421928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007802083,0.00015318023,0.0018696004,0.000005705764,0.000017034785,0.000018170947,0.000035985544,0.00042764717,0.99718314,0.000008357873,0.0002679019,0.000005461103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040266486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045705587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040266486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040967015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041618652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0080064535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2275957728","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2015.143","title":"Effect of pH level and acid type on total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) retention and fouling of reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Wastewater; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chromatography; Ammoniacal nitrogen; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Nitrogen; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.1670168054689483,"score_gpt":0.39270035891032534,"score_spread":0.22568355344137705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2275957728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998938,0.00039544757,0.0002600241,0.000019280065,0.000013050012,0.000010984119,0.00005055404,0.0000057792668,0.0003068517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786574,0.00059815345,0.00087794877,0.000047883044,0.000010151956,0.000013105685,0.00011054227,0.0000063415096,0.00047020245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999451,0.00015390386,0.00008084464,0.00007814463,0.00014385668,0.00009232053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924135,0.00028531096,0.00018573842,0.000026089396,0.00017866651,0.00008289737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005246026,0.0003778902,0.00037643022,0.00022877657,0.00019813601,0.000630354,0.00024277293,0.0004503497,0.00061093405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001023882,0.00024618168,0.00044811523,0.00028874874,0.0002408437,0.00058300665,0.0002885275,0.00047155633,0.00015251696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016201475,0.00015602775,0.0031664986,0.00020394153,0.00005848274,0.0001300545,0.00008204312,0.00039083813,0.9897481,0.000019589655,0.0000332439,0.0043909703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000243596,0.002944294,0.01770958,0.000017609429,0.00009949399,0.0001287117,0.00013666629,0.0008407742,0.9775479,0.000019912277,0.00051218225,0.000018459381],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011773456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013669468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011773456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025188323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024286647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027743578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2277077042","doi":"10.2166/ws.2001.0029","title":"Ozone mass transfer in water treatment: hydrodynamics and mass transfer modeling of ozone bubble columns","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Plug flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Mass transfer; Bubble; Algebraic equation; Dispersion (optics); Ordinary differential equation; Thermodynamics; Steady state (chemistry); Differential equation; Mathematics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Nonlinear system","score_opus":0.010080621999628185,"score_gpt":0.2121838486054064,"score_spread":0.2021032266057782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2277077042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5800677,0.0014012845,0.3988806,0.0008677633,0.00007506625,0.0001943249,0.000768619,0.00058316736,0.017161485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9733051,0.0007676633,0.016969657,0.0000685969,0.000025413116,0.00022031668,0.000245315,0.00004447861,0.008353478],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992216,0.000017172748,0.0000034955497,0.000016188327,0.000025878593,0.000015132975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999471,0.000023352935,0.0000091183,0.0000025204938,0.00001375291,0.0000043395758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001899158,0.00037300927,0.00037129605,0.00024167642,0.00034349808,0.0004497684,0.00050276594,0.0007705813,0.00078801654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021584917,0.00021886075,0.00050561747,0.00024339966,0.0002943621,0.0004698011,0.00029143368,0.00038735534,0.00013870833],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034211273,0.000066010776,0.0013485353,0.00007636374,0.000012376414,0.00008535117,0.000056956098,0.96177673,0.027058082,0.0024330707,0.00031215098,0.00674016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003853249,0.000015831954,0.0003754465,0.0000015782937,0.000002281708,0.0000067695482,0.000007245577,0.9969177,0.0021664083,0.0001950316,0.00030461632,0.0000033419362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026938068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0092427535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026938068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008603733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009223599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05356258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2281839559","doi":"10.1177/0734242x15589781","title":"Composition and uses of anaerobic digestion derived biogas from wastewater treatment facilities in North America","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Biogas; Anaerobic digestion; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Composition (language); Bioenergy; Waste treatment; Biogas production; Pulp and paper industry; Biofuel; Methane; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.04341881705912648,"score_gpt":0.28411084900963685,"score_spread":0.24069203195051037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2281839559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993357,0.00018376316,0.00005562023,0.000019790552,3.541163e-7,0.000001946678,0.00008539613,0.0000014590431,0.0003159011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99870825,0.00050861156,0.00028635812,0.000023336152,0.0000011351292,0.0000046098867,0.0002298673,0.0000012831725,0.00023645202],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997453,0.000047320053,0.000024505742,0.00004847064,0.00008108747,0.00005326566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947125,0.000088859706,0.00019472706,0.000013654982,0.0001795618,0.00005201482],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025465267,0.00015960618,0.0001493047,0.0014923796,0.00053149625,0.00050192245,0.00021971422,0.00017776972,0.00029579914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046779288,0.00015139232,0.00013673001,0.0023910962,0.00030844155,0.00031065496,0.0002603455,0.00010900185,0.000056838708],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017984888,0.00012305364,0.9270357,0.000139362,0.00006861983,0.00042204335,0.004049677,0.00063030986,0.028638007,0.00013073407,0.00021953677,0.03836304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014020382,0.000061338666,0.99400264,0.000014330988,0.00001328362,0.00013733334,0.0025845827,0.00025481553,0.0018467157,0.000024696612,0.0010537758,0.000004997631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20429559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.42932993,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20429559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016358303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015119367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40621287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2286688707","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2015.1135990","title":"Analysis of submerged membrane for a sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating prehydrolysis liquor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Mesophile; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Bacteria; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016838944140577048,"score_gpt":0.24498301569168748,"score_spread":0.22814407155111044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2286688707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98699516,0.0027495448,0.007930667,0.00009851555,0.000046603578,0.00007276867,0.000982158,0.000088274835,0.0010362862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97232234,0.0026600626,0.018066421,0.000116514864,0.000019552217,0.00016149187,0.0020703028,0.000057200334,0.004526184],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969435,0.000038649712,0.00002388267,0.00005199389,0.00015710038,0.00003408331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998012,0.00004587509,0.00003508654,0.000010671747,0.00008247568,0.000024726003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036458936,0.0004968217,0.0005899663,0.00034918002,0.00030035194,0.00036928392,0.00020202599,0.00047215447,0.0004754415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034016787,0.00012083259,0.00049207377,0.00027458475,0.00014794945,0.00030094958,0.00018585147,0.00038813622,0.00030567573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027660184,0.000008795566,0.00017891309,0.00003668344,0.0000032257747,0.0000118795815,0.000012086375,0.000024698189,0.9988803,0.000008321488,0.000007538817,0.00079992303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022117686,0.00012554847,0.00418622,0.000010517318,0.000014496454,0.000050187908,0.000029617726,0.00037954972,0.9944754,0.000015336504,0.0007068321,0.000004014345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017925586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021776264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017925586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000398323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004847989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035642385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288279603","doi":"10.1159/000423354","title":"Hemodiafiltration with On-Line Production of Substitution Fluid: Long-Term Safety and Quantitative Assessment of Efficacy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Contributions to nephrology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Substitution (logic); Term (time); Production (economics); Environmental science; Medicine; Computer science; Economics; Physics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.03067782497148178,"score_gpt":0.33129729059780433,"score_spread":0.3006194656263225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288279603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99212074,0.0015712604,0.0055257045,0.000091046786,0.000037735375,0.00006264002,0.0001152655,0.000038831993,0.00043671875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99679476,0.00060479465,0.0020395992,0.000050948493,0.000033801793,0.000027199228,0.00016556628,0.000009358274,0.00027407473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99514586,0.0027228275,0.00020431062,0.0004173234,0.0013666736,0.00014307401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9928397,0.0021049555,0.0017893895,0.0014815283,0.0015410299,0.00024337272],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054569296,0.0005576013,0.00082312094,0.00044344645,0.00044719115,0.001086748,0.00083001854,0.0009511151,0.00057693385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0063025304,0.00016394783,0.0007550663,0.00050609314,0.00086459506,0.00079171447,0.00040627786,0.0006959099,0.00021299516],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.03994571,0.0066343164,0.11587178,0.00058296387,0.0011470435,0.0002686775,0.00094882725,0.005395925,0.61255676,0.0008495877,0.0008219266,0.21497646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044130956,0.07925656,0.066328585,0.00012938013,0.0010642017,0.0010472792,0.00033895447,0.013709313,0.8327465,0.00052933814,0.0043123444,0.00009631767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000693314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033558297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054569296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068213127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007259764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.028859317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288615002","doi":"10.2166/wst.2015.356","title":"Preliminary evaluation of biosolids characteristics for anaerobic membrane reactors treating municipal wastewaters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Biosolids; Volatile suspended solids; Suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Anaerobic digestion; Total suspended solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Kjeldahl method; Wastewater; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Aeration; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Dewatering; Environmental science; Biogas; Phosphorus; Environmental engineering; Chemical oxygen demand; Nitrogen; Activated sludge; Methane","score_opus":0.04508061612293347,"score_gpt":0.29621463275212595,"score_spread":0.2511340166291925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288615002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99698514,0.0005956972,0.0018876512,0.00003608396,0.000008314164,0.00003670845,0.000109792774,0.000023229268,0.00031742337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995883,0.00053616107,0.0026133868,0.0000196365,0.0000063793927,0.000032900727,0.00032508693,0.000014242572,0.00056908466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992931,0.0001898134,0.000071177514,0.00006938938,0.0002853442,0.0000911974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993969,0.00021063974,0.00011707108,0.000019057,0.00019830203,0.000057999063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007842365,0.00048900105,0.0005161173,0.00030964043,0.0003043007,0.0007000076,0.0002527799,0.000555813,0.00028076427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013099711,0.00018329386,0.00045540617,0.00026864235,0.00018701743,0.00048173324,0.00026626253,0.0003960861,0.0001585653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022765592,0.000038752863,0.0011948897,0.00009587712,0.000008349446,0.00004050794,0.000038166792,0.0002721218,0.99518436,0.000012938586,0.000010286461,0.0028761807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010909161,0.0010885379,0.010720827,0.000010205626,0.00002841541,0.000099028315,0.000105734456,0.0011499762,0.98597485,0.00002002621,0.0007807873,0.000010542388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024403748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025371052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024403748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047073443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044082428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048523545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288852195","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.034","title":"Thin film composite membranes embedded with graphene oxide for water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Science and Technology Development Fund","keywords":"Membrane; Graphene; Desalination; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Contact angle; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Monomer; Polymer","score_opus":0.012304885670592125,"score_gpt":0.23633169072217952,"score_spread":0.2240268050515874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288852195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830647,0.0037665511,0.008670551,0.0002865732,0.00020434168,0.00003153747,0.00017996924,0.0002205742,0.0035750766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98833036,0.0016411104,0.0062009385,0.00006032214,0.000026844762,0.000017851575,0.00011964978,0.000024271774,0.003578594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994135,0.000005156421,0.000002723298,0.000012375534,0.000023237879,0.000015131158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995637,0.00001036892,0.000006983053,0.0000043614978,0.000013528909,0.000008376906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011365442,0.00031777832,0.00018140738,0.0003248475,0.0002646271,0.0002662874,0.0002686329,0.00042305133,0.00096667645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011801312,0.00019490994,0.00021491376,0.00014744273,0.00012283037,0.0004351066,0.00021973348,0.0005315616,0.00026782884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022021879,0.000011255584,0.000024226121,0.000039319915,0.0000054987054,0.000016696451,0.000008197791,0.00013066191,0.9978446,0.000110736815,0.000072816525,0.0017140273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034488519,0.000050798146,0.00034006647,0.000003606082,0.000011615735,0.000013430368,0.000008625811,0.0012111794,0.9971029,0.00004673077,0.0012034491,0.000004139917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071085733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002117475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096667645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029570665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001416744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00323385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2289018978","doi":"10.1038/srep22069","title":"A Novel Approach Toward Fabrication of High Performance Thin Film Composite Polyamide Membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":371,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Microporous material; Composite number; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Monomer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018731496073756976,"score_gpt":0.22397030922452463,"score_spread":0.20523881315076764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2289018978","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2709334,0.01014473,0.7093148,0.0006871397,0.00043673217,0.00047421933,0.00030399597,0.0013241865,0.006380847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48280337,0.007707586,0.50304663,0.00026498022,0.00013636249,0.00047937926,0.00037221506,0.00008940704,0.0051001417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997315,0.000026413327,0.000023621227,0.000070846756,0.000114276925,0.00003334391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998634,0.000020646175,0.00004620656,0.000017338602,0.00003546146,0.00001689143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036576274,0.0007759243,0.00036078208,0.00049278064,0.00034082943,0.0003806088,0.00067728077,0.0007813825,0.0005378446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002511291,0.00038416847,0.00047735422,0.00029511857,0.00032632035,0.0007207179,0.00038394917,0.0011491944,0.00041481032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006679897,0.000012550156,0.000023691711,0.0000910952,0.000005913869,0.0000632929,0.000014427133,0.0000909067,0.99637944,0.0003023731,0.000052897773,0.0029567936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000066190723,0.00006258567,0.00016903029,0.0000048326287,0.000010875146,0.000399953,0.00000676989,0.00084498513,0.99245924,0.0000850189,0.0059413076,0.000008762042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025164295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004008737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007813825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003376049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034894855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024494529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2293271279","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03290","title":"Removal of BSA and HA Contaminants from Aqueous Solution Using Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymer Modified Poly(ether imide) UF Membrane and Their Fouling Behaviors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Copolymer; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Poloxamer; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Amphiphile; Nuclear chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.13968102822368353,"score_gpt":0.32554469563727373,"score_spread":0.1858636674135902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2293271279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99206066,0.0012545856,0.00610895,0.000039789298,0.00001145225,0.000019655661,0.00006426982,0.000040416468,0.00040019612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875196,0.0012022536,0.009686994,0.000034390636,0.000008761816,0.00004337395,0.00013837148,0.000018360677,0.0013478688],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983346,0.000021452226,0.000016110735,0.00003289716,0.000058102476,0.00003799176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990916,0.00001478595,0.000027680966,0.0000065288427,0.000029394268,0.000012458193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024661276,0.00041877455,0.00029655872,0.00023491487,0.0001681545,0.00023219484,0.00015739679,0.00045074028,0.00021073474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022844046,0.00015937898,0.00032712304,0.00021142363,0.00013581678,0.00037616084,0.00018439365,0.00035749035,0.00012972283],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010303684,0.000005668402,0.000042749798,0.00001629382,0.0000016180662,0.0000124950975,0.000007639805,0.000027132175,0.9993044,0.000009747669,0.0000033783658,0.00055860804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011682748,0.000052769323,0.0005753602,0.0000013135918,0.0000045481997,0.000033653407,0.0000060334587,0.00038095814,0.99871373,0.000005804988,0.00022184197,0.0000028120926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001120964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010180891,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001120964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020881477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017774089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022289157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2295306086","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.02.008","title":"Advances in biological systems for the treatment of high-strength wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Effluent; Environmental science; Anaerobic filter; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane fouling; Waste management; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Membrane","score_opus":0.012223819656783628,"score_gpt":0.23041831147249967,"score_spread":0.21819449181571604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2295306086","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31414032,0.5674571,0.092420265,0.008353592,0.001371126,0.000091240516,0.00025193926,0.00023445503,0.015679926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6029999,0.34432137,0.044285264,0.0010376783,0.0007557115,0.00006346095,0.0004219249,0.000047315552,0.006067343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996197,0.000107042426,0.000029214694,0.000048732247,0.00015462314,0.000040597195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996847,0.00009889089,0.000043937547,0.000023898752,0.00011475865,0.000033818967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011507872,0.00053226756,0.00037036455,0.00048492558,0.00028786532,0.0012164233,0.0005066357,0.0010239405,0.0013098477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006386507,0.00022421213,0.0005260096,0.00052441214,0.00048532186,0.0013871203,0.0005797247,0.0012054524,0.000797954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010495582,0.00015719788,0.00044793083,0.0018108177,0.00005113685,0.00009805431,0.00014140006,0.0012433805,0.8746604,0.005147814,0.0007753706,0.11536158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027307497,0.00070996623,0.0020684283,0.00022728149,0.00012844577,0.0006366375,0.00017122665,0.004211601,0.8322303,0.003300077,0.15624537,0.000043315096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005697998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009635432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013098477,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056829496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006603801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006085992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2296991227","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5b06647","title":"Controlled Architecture of Dual-Functional Block Copolymer Brushes on Thin-Film Composite Membranes for Integrated “Defending” and “Attacking” Strategies against Biofouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Changjiang Scholar Program of Chinese Ministry of Education; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Copolymer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Interfacial polymerization; Polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.022436376865521055,"score_gpt":0.2521295556065269,"score_spread":0.22969317874100584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2296991227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992304,0.00079799804,0.0057769483,0.000056893183,0.000024419029,0.000031948046,0.00006924636,0.00011327409,0.0008252253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888737,0.0005831078,0.009547335,0.00003585632,0.000011631254,0.00004391076,0.00009391216,0.000020861258,0.00078954356],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998994,0.000009557219,0.000007847636,0.000029660367,0.00002874403,0.000024743787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990296,0.000013857029,0.000025021396,0.00001303631,0.000022921782,0.00002224443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013110416,0.00039385012,0.00022691525,0.00019721792,0.00014602052,0.00024585187,0.00026639353,0.00032931028,0.0005387694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017086089,0.00023640275,0.00022768896,0.00010166598,0.00016732934,0.00029520664,0.00021912696,0.0003580212,0.00027669978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012167331,0.000005877529,0.000040131123,0.000012436346,0.000002538158,0.000010087553,0.0000040590876,0.00008999697,0.999213,0.000027526166,0.000008384469,0.0005738412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005732682,0.000058495723,0.00047796324,0.000002000814,0.000008131716,0.000032221793,0.0000041363796,0.0015932109,0.99721956,0.000011183946,0.00058362435,0.000003780178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041148232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074886816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005387694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031962048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001756613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023189783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2299072707","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.04.2","title":"An Impact of the Particle Size Distribution on CP Degree at the Mechanism of Shear-Induced Diffusion in Cross-Flow Microfiltration","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag; Shear flow; Shear rate; van der Waals force; Chemistry; Classical mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Viscosity","score_opus":0.020700963893892643,"score_gpt":0.3019498255401364,"score_spread":0.28124886164624374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2299072707","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39977974,0.003031254,0.5794055,0.0022029323,0.0002952408,0.00018888547,0.00048570926,0.00057263573,0.014038115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98006517,0.001118138,0.008633114,0.00008616129,0.000041538235,0.00011217549,0.00012714615,0.00006484311,0.009751707],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969995,0.00005451189,0.000013719227,0.00009083015,0.00007688362,0.00006419469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999579,0.00015784512,0.000097655764,0.000027833139,0.00010436706,0.000033258704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055195915,0.0007931745,0.0008216376,0.00055060163,0.00040358907,0.001199092,0.0020009628,0.0017110939,0.0017642741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009941658,0.0003982577,0.0010002214,0.00041052813,0.000609684,0.0022383395,0.00067736336,0.0009731709,0.00035883256],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015241024,0.00017759524,0.0036093092,0.00021587209,0.000050324503,0.0006373458,0.00014847245,0.9110368,0.031034624,0.04352251,0.00088990445,0.00852476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008686684,0.000058202433,0.0006198542,0.000008379132,0.000014273053,0.00008003614,0.00001349787,0.9948025,0.0019662308,0.0020698835,0.00034328387,0.000015191558],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005712219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002287146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005712219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012137191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010457843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0113579035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2300934584","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.04.1","title":"Characterisation of Mass Transfer in Frontal Nanofiltration Equipment and Development of a Simple Correlation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Simple (philosophy); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Simple correlation; Chromatography; Correlation; Mathematics; Membrane; Biochemistry; Geometry","score_opus":0.01274385941729297,"score_gpt":0.24569846733157086,"score_spread":0.23295460791427788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2300934584","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49288017,0.0020475895,0.50186175,0.00015395165,0.000061162566,0.00037126258,0.00031937312,0.000810428,0.0014943542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.753104,0.0014599153,0.24276039,0.00015721783,0.000036257894,0.00033637186,0.0005981067,0.00009193947,0.0014557929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998185,0.0003066368,0.000105192106,0.00030927852,0.0009943335,0.000099645375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99799526,0.00089823327,0.0002654651,0.00020738304,0.00059976464,0.000033987017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002582305,0.0007062669,0.00057451695,0.0007174809,0.0002649841,0.00063625275,0.0008847146,0.000770704,0.0005225719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003769186,0.00025494053,0.0004974759,0.00050372025,0.00047767945,0.0011247622,0.00056279544,0.0008372144,0.0004567352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088659246,0.00006836051,0.0014038357,0.00017187782,0.000018478235,0.0000410335,0.000046135203,0.0007833495,0.9807848,0.00024267937,0.000053085852,0.016297745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008378929,0.00040258883,0.004917244,0.000008475837,0.00002130996,0.00019102353,0.000030119714,0.014315682,0.97910726,0.00011068759,0.0008692672,0.000017857528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083267316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007820655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002582305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005269136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004886462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013656735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2313211175","doi":"10.1021/ie501239h","title":"Modeling of Fouling and Fouling Attachments as a Function of the Zeta Potential of Heterogeneous Membrane Surfaces in Ultrafiltration of Latex Solution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Polysulfone; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Materials science; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.04559266581820067,"score_gpt":0.28882881094387336,"score_spread":0.24323614512567268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2313211175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8401162,0.00034814436,0.1579223,0.000073073286,0.000008329801,0.000040201332,0.00008895796,0.00010820305,0.0012946591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99277365,0.00023378989,0.0061477623,0.000010184426,0.000002190162,0.000029102432,0.000046370613,0.00000902804,0.00074786297],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998933,0.000027224312,0.0000051618217,0.00002326683,0.000036157544,0.000014952673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998528,0.00007364384,0.000029505512,0.000013198601,0.000025836138,0.0000049208315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030443302,0.00044357433,0.00025525916,0.00019630464,0.00014689291,0.0003453689,0.00040127346,0.0005591862,0.00014588496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005924589,0.00015624524,0.00047234292,0.00019070768,0.00019216335,0.00038416992,0.0001812077,0.00031012789,0.0000990246],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000698122,0.000063651474,0.0022561834,0.00007790431,0.000022830138,0.00014080467,0.0000668663,0.85351557,0.13530077,0.00075131207,0.00004792246,0.0076863104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023816774,0.000034186123,0.00080849905,0.0000015668745,0.0000048865395,0.000016624466,0.000006869473,0.9844503,0.014457045,0.00014139962,0.000071502815,0.000004726257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005198132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026476383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005198132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063684763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003247843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010335743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316765450","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2016.1169949","title":"Water reclamation and nitrogen extraction from municipal solid waste landfill leachate","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Nanofiltration; Waste management; Environmental science; Extraction (chemistry); Ammoniacal nitrogen; Municipal solid waste; Electrocoagulation; Resource recovery; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chromatography","score_opus":0.020499685036857496,"score_gpt":0.258310339974203,"score_spread":0.2378106549373455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316765450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99553454,0.00038726424,0.0007974128,0.00007168725,0.000020001582,0.000015133909,0.0001009851,0.000041649284,0.0030312655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98950225,0.00028127013,0.0006633542,0.000037312282,0.000006500137,0.00001462779,0.00013337778,0.00001400511,0.009347304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998342,0.000023674442,0.000009861836,0.000030235433,0.000050618935,0.000051341394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999969,0.0000064728647,0.0000050862523,0.000003031668,0.000011460845,0.0000049651],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017631946,0.00030837982,0.0003199714,0.00035116766,0.0005656524,0.00029932454,0.00021399402,0.00029099695,0.0015079007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001333423,0.00010742155,0.0002949571,0.00023587502,0.00021661799,0.0004423823,0.00028831355,0.00017765346,0.0003535343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075658335,0.00009399427,0.0013412628,0.00015225582,0.000020142123,0.00020904833,0.00015107081,0.0012633128,0.9808483,0.0001955895,0.00028887458,0.014679527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018151057,0.00017671783,0.005069042,0.000007110538,0.000014360805,0.00008464246,0.00017575076,0.0016271125,0.9894783,0.00010840854,0.0032319408,0.000008426579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00757841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018825924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00757841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061903516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006183217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015068591},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2317500293","doi":"10.1039/c5ra28091e","title":"Enhancing antimicrobial properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/hexafluoropropylene copolymer membrane by electron beam induced grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and iodine immobilization","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Hexafluoropropylene; Grafting; Copolymer; Polymer chemistry; Iodine; Materials science; Fluoride; 2-Pyrrolidone; Antimicrobial; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.008813768193693197,"score_gpt":0.22598253954125713,"score_spread":0.21716877134756393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2317500293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99602914,0.00084781874,0.002253862,0.00004652063,0.000017567445,0.000008346831,0.000041074127,0.000035644392,0.0007200417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995974,0.00055784336,0.0022394105,0.000014408038,0.0000054310044,0.000010219149,0.00007360313,0.000009248693,0.001115866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999002,0.00001029348,0.000007241055,0.00002163892,0.000026975,0.000033571316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994564,0.000011200369,0.000018274677,0.0000047099106,0.000010604507,0.000009573059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016079938,0.00033087368,0.0001309676,0.00014217947,0.00012879472,0.0001772724,0.00018346189,0.000352488,0.0005086399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015934418,0.00014410038,0.00023175757,0.00010331933,0.00016078512,0.00028265535,0.00014352595,0.00031702753,0.00014276567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015545009,0.0000044647636,0.000029516379,0.000012009617,0.0000011456175,0.000018237486,0.0000073698893,0.000019828723,0.99945253,0.000022226908,0.0000057369066,0.00041137432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020999396,0.000060611583,0.0008203606,0.0000015846067,0.0000041773123,0.00005631498,0.000005415369,0.00017977589,0.99858654,0.0000067626615,0.0002738856,0.000002477242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052087166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073568855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00052087166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021945943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016585618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017015338},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320465118","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.03.052","title":"Developing high throughput thin film composite polyamide membranes for forward osmosis treatment of SAGD produced water","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; ConocoPhillips","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Forward osmosis; Concentration polarization; Microporous material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.02570073243162069,"score_gpt":0.2750609148561531,"score_spread":0.2493601824245324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320465118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9537922,0.0009293862,0.04288102,0.00013821115,0.00007456395,0.00013356823,0.00017770442,0.00029319272,0.0015801439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9355598,0.001142446,0.059703633,0.00004149937,0.000017827308,0.00008817262,0.00027519139,0.00004165115,0.0031297451],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984515,0.000016463187,0.000013054814,0.00003169101,0.000065491186,0.00002814453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990153,0.000022590068,0.000015933798,0.0000095441055,0.000039730832,0.000010618987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033433692,0.00030570547,0.0003353268,0.00026842422,0.00031835173,0.00047393786,0.0003191339,0.0005500941,0.0005494166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023014897,0.00031254193,0.00053079834,0.00019106823,0.00012101304,0.00060344965,0.00035115526,0.00059328193,0.00033915773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000126938785,0.000012813719,0.000059054848,0.000026250354,0.0000034606694,0.00002450314,0.0000123507525,0.00011985662,0.99763346,0.00003192087,0.000021350874,0.002042283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002984303,0.00003713025,0.0002868354,0.0000018327393,0.0000058669975,0.000030184288,0.000012456661,0.0013239804,0.99770135,0.000013363141,0.00058122183,0.0000028590491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00095586665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021422573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095586665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037707778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044669738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027358532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320819627","doi":"10.1021/la5003012","title":"Temperature-Responsive Hyperbranched Amine-Based Polymers for Solid–Liquid Separation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lower critical solution temperature; Polymer; Flocculation; Chemical engineering; Copolymer; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Particle (ecology); Amine gas treating; Particle size; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009886948735250766,"score_gpt":0.27076927990345645,"score_spread":0.2608823311682057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320819627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96855867,0.0055361944,0.023160676,0.00015268299,0.000045796947,0.00006749309,0.00013659698,0.00019860551,0.002143218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842779,0.0023316015,0.010570963,0.00007166736,0.000018937499,0.000034028802,0.00015913555,0.000031899162,0.0025038894],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984777,0.000026174854,0.000011300475,0.000023272649,0.000060516948,0.000030942476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998565,0.000031666867,0.00005048845,0.0000074713394,0.000024553126,0.000029308021],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001962253,0.00043421454,0.00020150268,0.000264529,0.00011673207,0.0002895758,0.00020361246,0.0003718646,0.00073960645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001606501,0.0002010586,0.00023538907,0.00017411266,0.0001686796,0.00046866768,0.00024377102,0.0006063227,0.00043508734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013582249,0.000010295227,0.000024708863,0.000028674374,0.0000022624608,0.000018682329,0.000006162776,0.000084729814,0.9987204,0.000044602617,0.000009094245,0.0010368269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041578032,0.000059345475,0.0002898935,0.0000020952336,0.000004520166,0.00004228581,0.000003845838,0.0006837169,0.99824893,0.00001827273,0.00063932256,0.0000036449148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025273915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075357256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00073960645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003398894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001765602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024742484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2321367911","doi":"10.1149/ma2016-01/11/774","title":"Electrochemical Water Treatment Using Graphene, Graphene Foam and Graphene / Metal Oxide Composites","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Graphene; Graphene foam; Materials science; Oxide; Adsorption; Graphene oxide paper; Graphite; Electrochemistry; Graphite oxide; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Composite number; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015244406131506185,"score_gpt":0.2350601312783604,"score_spread":0.2198157251468542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2321367911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95892906,0.007670096,0.028054154,0.00047837858,0.00021251346,0.00015451574,0.00038320626,0.00041923494,0.003698783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95583266,0.002206094,0.03810504,0.00015867442,0.000035717123,0.00005205302,0.00022510755,0.000040550764,0.0033442534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963284,0.00005187025,0.000025096548,0.00005950868,0.00015374701,0.0000768973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986255,0.00004043343,0.000029211482,0.000012602606,0.000035978326,0.000019232502],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003603943,0.0005653673,0.0003862272,0.0008400264,0.00039198963,0.00044947397,0.00056593877,0.0006937991,0.0008519958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048046667,0.00028747722,0.000571363,0.000440279,0.00031693355,0.00066719047,0.00042724964,0.0005608586,0.00028493354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037895003,0.000024584899,0.00010245438,0.0000988909,0.000010494609,0.00004908161,0.000014990101,0.00013807982,0.99440575,0.000059323596,0.00004268161,0.0050156736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033607046,0.00011464533,0.00040853873,0.000003774256,0.000009614078,0.0000494968,0.000013568915,0.0004856197,0.99799204,0.00004006057,0.00087242405,0.000006854288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015056117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040891957,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015056117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036720218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021242505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002993703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2322367132","doi":"10.5991/opf.2012.38.0057","title":"RO Membrane Pusher Makes Quick Work of Fouled Membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Work (physics); Exertion; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Marine engineering; Aeronautics; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Medicine; Physical therapy","score_opus":0.017435709360395932,"score_gpt":0.24199366892753707,"score_spread":0.22455795956714114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2322367132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5188648,0.008314373,0.40027577,0.0025928752,0.0017280381,0.0011205538,0.0010469443,0.018944507,0.04711211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5168503,0.0052184663,0.38733247,0.000934307,0.00030314535,0.00050725404,0.0012632334,0.0016555452,0.08593538],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863976,0.00009889648,0.00007616211,0.0002473378,0.00080619985,0.00013159722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991073,0.00015837798,0.00013250846,0.0001979217,0.00032734382,0.00007652256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012503898,0.0006503252,0.0005932098,0.0013119839,0.00087431277,0.0010230229,0.0012266185,0.0010391829,0.005760315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013247335,0.0007387583,0.0006045526,0.00046457403,0.0005763406,0.0016308468,0.00100956,0.001259194,0.0041127154],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060281545,0.000044020897,0.00024898825,0.00010236707,0.000009750432,0.00010861849,0.000069585745,0.00018405137,0.9585989,0.0011396884,0.0016072772,0.037826415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023991075,0.0002262165,0.0022298647,0.000024649455,0.000020984482,0.00081202685,0.000055975746,0.0020670735,0.9345487,0.00020606503,0.059732117,0.000052400377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019033228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004444631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005760315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047561806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081439415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019270182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324112169","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2012.010","title":"Factors affecting coagulation as a pretreatment to ultrafiltration membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Membrane; Fouling; Alum; Water treatment; Raw water; Permeation; Chromatography; Chloride; Filtration (mathematics); Humic acid; Produced water; Membrane technology; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.21571521924906437,"score_gpt":0.4391537407988184,"score_spread":0.22343852154975405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2324112169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915624,0.0028928465,0.00408003,0.00014940921,0.000031417156,0.0000935596,0.0000884761,0.00003314998,0.0010686703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906917,0.002801536,0.0049335673,0.00006921921,0.000018418601,0.000032227523,0.00012918441,0.000016361828,0.0013077983],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950576,0.00009622386,0.000033468325,0.00006978964,0.00022114409,0.00007355687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999585,0.0001430964,0.000108685344,0.000014389951,0.0001281369,0.000020730857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004433315,0.0005324584,0.0004057805,0.00018994548,0.00033315647,0.00075895607,0.00022108773,0.0004489233,0.0006509608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008768924,0.00016880783,0.00026692767,0.00024308865,0.00038712815,0.00042761982,0.00015829202,0.0004677443,0.00016810912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006180196,0.000015747035,0.00061292073,0.00008439636,0.0000064243854,0.00004081776,0.000024478104,0.0001201253,0.9964896,0.000030722807,0.000019323616,0.0024937694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006320963,0.00019681125,0.004594452,0.0000065613567,0.000021387028,0.000053634347,0.000042435502,0.00032801233,0.99376416,0.000023825918,0.0009572793,0.0000050624594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0060435995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007729012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060435995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000880608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008186342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012016892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324224015","doi":"10.2166/wst.2011.047","title":"Characteristics of different fractions of microbial flocs and their role in membrane fouling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Fraction (chemistry); Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Chromatography; Microbial population biology; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.012485639436226985,"score_gpt":0.2103544354834416,"score_spread":0.1978687960472146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2324224015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99835557,0.00039211893,0.00072378304,0.00001795093,0.0000037086077,0.00001062267,0.00016364385,0.000008699978,0.00032379245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99820733,0.00022945969,0.00093075086,0.000012886672,0.000005065868,0.000016783843,0.0002437134,0.0000053654617,0.00034856703],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988174,0.000012921579,0.000017298553,0.00003185984,0.000032532866,0.000023610723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977356,0.00004704569,0.00005602105,0.000009187933,0.00006016478,0.000054006094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016693395,0.00029766827,0.00021529607,0.0011024731,0.00021296916,0.00039669016,0.000084480096,0.00033056308,0.00035717388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041847382,0.00014424336,0.00021443931,0.0003146905,0.00023001056,0.000320957,0.00016236426,0.00017489852,0.00009697501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104882674,0.000018210776,0.005860334,0.000033618144,0.0000111999525,0.000036641966,0.000067651374,0.00008939781,0.9917384,0.000044246644,0.000011109953,0.0019842843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001330177,0.0004672185,0.33318326,0.000022980856,0.00006494959,0.000735379,0.000366682,0.0018233769,0.66199553,0.00024132506,0.0010582758,0.000027740512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010477094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007293678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011024731,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016959841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012614818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002083242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325347121","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00432","title":"Effects of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Permeation and Fouling-Resistance Properties of Polyetherimide Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Membrane; Polyetherimide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Materials science; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09311995848301166,"score_gpt":0.28156135394030873,"score_spread":0.18844139545729707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2325347121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995291,0.0011303324,0.002897539,0.00003921017,0.000019641322,0.000014673485,0.000044430006,0.000042798354,0.00052025565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99309736,0.0012274866,0.0048183673,0.00003349691,0.00001005032,0.000018274484,0.00007025632,0.000018240968,0.0007064699],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997429,0.00005574099,0.000024935738,0.000046721616,0.000085432395,0.0000442928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996499,0.000121387726,0.00010872236,0.000025040315,0.000068899855,0.000026116193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033378878,0.00047176782,0.00026078796,0.00010583591,0.00013797935,0.00026928933,0.00018545937,0.00033067373,0.0002972548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006460598,0.00018021915,0.00034991113,0.000108643006,0.00016612651,0.0004991621,0.00015106225,0.00043185664,0.00015494853],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006106541,0.000013166357,0.000112947324,0.00007263844,0.0000058169885,0.00005454535,0.000022095956,0.0000810471,0.9983637,0.000019534475,0.0000072194753,0.001186255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003291581,0.000113457034,0.0011170044,0.000002856488,0.000008828785,0.000076327866,0.000008812089,0.00035562032,0.9979547,0.0000069183498,0.0003480006,0.0000040527775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003384108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038826314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047176782,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001522942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013522699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017652512},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2327784155","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2014.008","title":"The efficiency of various chemical solutions to clean reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chromatography; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Citric acid; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane technology; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0839452372570628,"score_gpt":0.3643943656498238,"score_spread":0.28044912839276104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2327784155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994497,0.002388909,0.0022733635,0.000087735585,0.000031587126,0.000040324645,0.000050676692,0.000018323572,0.00061222067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98323673,0.003067808,0.011774418,0.00008545888,0.00001661048,0.000041683747,0.00018123678,0.000016860187,0.0015791927],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929917,0.00019330098,0.000094766685,0.000083282226,0.00023702552,0.00009229066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996333,0.000097920434,0.000086156906,0.000021892029,0.0001343018,0.000026384274],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008690465,0.00048559025,0.0003727967,0.0004489205,0.00022499783,0.00055281894,0.00034411164,0.0007807275,0.00031938168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00088512315,0.0002009689,0.0005254872,0.00026634758,0.00019628069,0.00039579338,0.0002743003,0.0003962719,0.00018567914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067356996,0.000037732643,0.00035003768,0.00010170923,0.000016308837,0.0000135852415,0.000016219277,0.00014176493,0.9949728,0.00002476045,0.000014119574,0.004243644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037089792,0.00034720654,0.00091714336,0.0000054690568,0.00001615304,0.000029983497,0.000015702191,0.00029682726,0.99781966,0.000006680353,0.0005374377,0.000003981716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013672125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025237447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013672125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036819946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003942408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045960546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329709622","doi":"10.1061/40976(316)172","title":"Stress Effects on Fouling of Flat Sheet Membrane Bioreactor Treating Biodegradable Wastewater","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Activated sludge; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane reactor; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.009364793429754659,"score_gpt":0.19089150176848832,"score_spread":0.18152670833873366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329709622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99942565,0.00016374647,0.0002529867,0.000012378593,0.000007392878,0.0000050124722,0.00004667606,0.000007388931,0.00007890905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986694,0.00022093249,0.0006429104,0.000027924822,0.000007292827,0.00001149897,0.00013827553,0.000003133879,0.0002787024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997471,0.000053673237,0.00003454558,0.000034361055,0.00008436813,0.000045891156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997186,0.00006423276,0.0000728759,0.0000195897,0.00007309633,0.000051726594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018511787,0.0005870221,0.0005203756,0.00018180738,0.00022142442,0.00042829866,0.00016828682,0.00043619884,0.0003942855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049616455,0.0001971476,0.00036454786,0.00019452766,0.00016764044,0.00026360402,0.0002530157,0.0003178177,0.00013601688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021851088,0.000033326793,0.00083900575,0.00003748573,0.000010508867,0.000051563868,0.00003528568,0.00014460782,0.99737895,0.0000053239287,0.000013778094,0.0012317827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000125011575,0.0010289451,0.018410329,0.0000052569308,0.000026548625,0.000089850706,0.00010601731,0.0008782638,0.97914886,0.000017398912,0.0002615464,0.000014564604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016262563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013228209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016262563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002786955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026416403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003233552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332159895","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.024","title":"Thermophysical properties of seawater: A review and new correlations that include pressure dependence","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":586,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Massachusetts Clean Energy Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Seawater; Thermodynamics; Enthalpy; Isobaric process; Compressibility; Chemistry; Salinity; Heat capacity; Work (physics); Isothermal process; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.07768760973655285,"score_gpt":0.30930609749505783,"score_spread":0.23161848775850497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332159895","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007407811,0.997785,0.0005113042,0.00012483675,0.00011464276,0.000005127857,0.000045247853,0.000007674435,0.0006654567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0025371094,0.9962877,0.00048678345,0.000094228424,0.00015555952,0.00000841416,0.000046623325,0.0000028181435,0.00038073177],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997377,0.000025866395,0.000044001223,0.000077077544,0.00009541017,0.000019971823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995152,0.00022938791,0.00010327152,0.000018560755,0.00011451084,0.000019085357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056206266,0.0014455189,0.0021954442,0.0024482848,0.00027890736,0.0009573823,0.00092231156,0.00074414385,0.0016795325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083699025,0.0004816605,0.00088309636,0.004011339,0.00067144126,0.0021650482,0.00088230113,0.0013797001,0.0007453496],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103362894,0.00011780964,0.0008030538,0.0456841,0.00023832066,0.00021097614,0.00011745481,0.0014284069,0.016028248,0.003606557,0.008976048,0.9226858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029862013,0.0004319936,0.005170373,0.006111234,0.0008974151,0.002144314,0.00024341204,0.0014293764,0.021279244,0.006602783,0.95545346,0.00020655886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009184569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013083657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024482848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044446404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010061743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005618632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332735166","doi":"10.1021/ef301452s","title":"Biomass Leachate Treatment and Nutrient Recovery Using Reverse Osmosis: Experimental Study and Hybrid Artificial Neural Network Modeling","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Filtration (mathematics); Reverse osmosis; Biomass (ecology); Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Distilled water; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.044318076820524716,"score_gpt":0.26646282673833055,"score_spread":0.22214474991780583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332735166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909161,0.00020295464,0.008217889,0.000035090954,0.000008962365,0.000025556665,0.00008158984,0.00003404104,0.0004778463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905392,0.00038427004,0.008249128,0.000018151813,0.000004468805,0.000050006853,0.00008852062,0.0000056599592,0.000660719],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982065,0.000029462275,0.000014914161,0.00003709245,0.00007190923,0.000026069241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988806,0.000037713693,0.000021795875,0.0000109295515,0.00003455296,0.000006853871],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048065194,0.00050137256,0.0007090796,0.00024813923,0.0003510505,0.00031283795,0.00033568102,0.00065476587,0.00024767383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003152998,0.00014524121,0.00053410506,0.00039049273,0.0001974102,0.00046185122,0.0002696732,0.0003975021,0.00007181259],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036246335,0.00043626377,0.004019909,0.0003063957,0.000033908163,0.00016755954,0.00010574402,0.039782055,0.9359901,0.00019443683,0.00008489125,0.01851634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022558237,0.00092263333,0.0057467087,0.000010052039,0.000033242555,0.00006059097,0.00007482764,0.15697126,0.8353857,0.00009812205,0.00064689695,0.000027413356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054437188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064561814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054437188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004817021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035404816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010824084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2333907090","doi":"10.2166/ws.2013.221","title":"Fouling of low-pressure membranes during drinking water treatment: effect of NOM components and biofiltration pretreatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Fouling; Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Water treatment; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biofouling; Biopolymer; Membrane technology; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005293144173375608,"score_gpt":0.20464157757466667,"score_spread":0.19934843340129105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2333907090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99786854,0.00066091045,0.001012555,0.000042566902,0.000018748675,0.000024925472,0.00006697193,0.000020329768,0.00028439856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958573,0.00074981176,0.002682383,0.000048150072,0.000009389332,0.000022766053,0.00012399942,0.000016024598,0.00049019087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962056,0.00009155656,0.00003635647,0.00005140675,0.00010129403,0.0000987916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996511,0.00014306942,0.000073482086,0.000026091355,0.00006324773,0.0000429018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003730971,0.00048455154,0.0004475513,0.00017397491,0.00040361795,0.0004978957,0.00026299473,0.00042621337,0.00054673094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007226983,0.00021023602,0.000423153,0.0003242905,0.0002332428,0.00041207904,0.00022436095,0.00065820734,0.00015305572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001689936,0.000060866776,0.0005475215,0.00007234729,0.0000134130705,0.000030471878,0.000039738658,0.00011650638,0.9968258,0.000007840379,0.000017813461,0.0020986595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005972568,0.00026641777,0.0051379506,0.000005361475,0.000019770214,0.000029284542,0.00003263741,0.0003577045,0.9938659,0.000008126923,0.0002647277,0.0000061862693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044806018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006925623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044806018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003797303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000446612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008909047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335184456","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2016.039","title":"Bench-scale study of ultrafiltration membranes for evaluating membrane performance in surface water treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Sedimentation; Membrane technology; Volume (thermodynamics); Water treatment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.19265853842921377,"score_gpt":0.4330500448187005,"score_spread":0.24039150638948675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335184456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98562187,0.0014644889,0.010809401,0.00011302924,0.00003771022,0.00043267588,0.00038681718,0.00007868995,0.0010553272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97250336,0.0018230081,0.023327265,0.00009392408,0.000020908643,0.00020817746,0.0006105823,0.00003262178,0.0013801955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991628,0.00018982722,0.000052303443,0.00009903362,0.00039155877,0.0001045812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993467,0.00018298888,0.00007234028,0.000052442494,0.00027284797,0.000072739094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014028577,0.0006268194,0.00059276586,0.000280188,0.0011864579,0.0008894005,0.0007072304,0.000812398,0.00059831684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013653563,0.00016876841,0.00060303306,0.0003711593,0.00052055274,0.00071301387,0.00040700412,0.0009907141,0.0002412353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103227525,0.00026789587,0.0010214171,0.0002496245,0.000020801654,0.00003907518,0.000095775795,0.00078119704,0.992739,0.000068385045,0.00007886549,0.0045346813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014951299,0.0018088779,0.0075462344,0.000017227692,0.00004269457,0.0000696463,0.00014008812,0.0014252379,0.9874676,0.000039752056,0.0014083647,0.000019351537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02353118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03236472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02353118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021321927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013324769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.046788394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335257150","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2013.092","title":"Ultrafiltration membrane process for produced water treatment: experimental and modeling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Polyacrylonitrile; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Produced water; Chemistry; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.030944681974248992,"score_gpt":0.2806887519892372,"score_spread":0.24974407001498822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335257150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98385173,0.0010046191,0.012403753,0.00007960827,0.000014227979,0.000081335005,0.000640241,0.000072768125,0.0018517926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907161,0.0011005214,0.0069847745,0.000011004805,0.000004817621,0.00009897696,0.00040207693,0.000009699775,0.000671987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997769,0.00004100509,0.000017577688,0.000041629937,0.00009476553,0.000028245671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997352,0.0001253591,0.000035357843,0.000020433985,0.00007611133,0.000007471245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048092465,0.0006039134,0.00069108396,0.0002834423,0.00043551927,0.00042406155,0.0006622252,0.0010610865,0.00060321443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005146195,0.0001975469,0.0007893765,0.00051328505,0.00018897018,0.0008242312,0.0002062812,0.0004989714,0.00013811271],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011038578,0.0011133624,0.010503869,0.0020336034,0.00010524222,0.00044005705,0.00025330874,0.4691661,0.4766877,0.0015471649,0.0006031016,0.036442682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011178361,0.0011942937,0.007945743,0.000036682977,0.00008953261,0.00012168668,0.000085373154,0.6036592,0.384145,0.00047595735,0.0020828226,0.00005188569],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011198404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006372278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011198404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010017549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004906901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022266448},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335286275","doi":"10.1039/c6ta01460g","title":"Improving the performance of TFC membranes via chelation and surface reaction: applications in water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Chelation; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Polymerization; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.007483266310253076,"score_gpt":0.21338252110415223,"score_spread":0.20589925479389914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335286275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97235256,0.0064430702,0.017193176,0.0006905566,0.000082240425,0.000066867375,0.00023087653,0.00042427084,0.002516503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9813492,0.0024023813,0.013667993,0.00010850595,0.000029408338,0.000033099706,0.00015817829,0.000060585327,0.002190709],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984765,0.000016897451,0.000010755535,0.000033383487,0.000045009532,0.000046249344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998398,0.0000313896,0.000029193354,0.000017019162,0.00006461251,0.00001802443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029955295,0.00059739745,0.00028817588,0.00025618664,0.00032067226,0.00040601924,0.0003600746,0.0006735759,0.0012205911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003323241,0.00017571724,0.00029062293,0.00022229487,0.00029473196,0.00068697886,0.00021516246,0.00043435133,0.000509481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028463786,0.000008133117,0.000113260496,0.000066868386,0.000004278162,0.000023029255,0.000017992405,0.00008291319,0.9972355,0.00004228746,0.00006118062,0.002316207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013030026,0.000019631521,0.00018904792,0.0000011269279,0.00000443456,0.000027803047,0.0000051005177,0.00018178948,0.9989298,0.000008350402,0.0006292901,0.0000023003583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017764169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023139745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017764169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051976094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029892614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004083276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335831909","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.047","title":"Optimal aggregate size distribution for the formation of highly efficient nanosheet dynamic membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Membrane; Nanosheet; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Turbidity; Particle size; Aggregate (composite); Substrate (aquarium); Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008597016049802625,"score_gpt":0.24424799477528128,"score_spread":0.23565097872547866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335831909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9680759,0.0005886029,0.02928562,0.000119363904,0.000026009398,0.000027696397,0.00008970055,0.000103804894,0.0016834092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99372584,0.00019806216,0.0054999613,0.00001588668,0.000006340957,0.000021183198,0.00003988004,0.000021169588,0.000471612],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998299,0.000020795665,0.00001633186,0.000054309017,0.00004610553,0.00003255157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997875,0.00007714471,0.000047214675,0.00001732274,0.000047497208,0.00002329674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034716638,0.0002237916,0.00025934313,0.00029944957,0.00027396475,0.00047443577,0.00021728779,0.0003314985,0.0008668086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059722975,0.0001974117,0.00013574776,0.00023830596,0.00018087024,0.0006241014,0.00032918752,0.00033417373,0.0002924761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009744383,0.000052004838,0.00018214801,0.00004335932,0.000004928556,0.000022367538,0.000025658012,0.0032714652,0.990455,0.0011150733,0.00013314723,0.004597426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011763051,0.00006594324,0.00029124395,0.0000024765664,0.0000044401477,0.000015242725,0.0000133945005,0.013544981,0.9851319,0.00021330797,0.0006994853,0.0000057958127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021348617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007515824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008668086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052977906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027025462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003843844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335989635","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.080","title":"Influences of acid–base property of membrane on interfacial interactions related with membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor based on thermodynamic assessment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012951700893990536,"score_gpt":0.2542619590779739,"score_spread":0.24131025818398336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335989635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99731845,0.00033695527,0.0019588962,0.000026965408,0.000010497922,0.0000052707287,0.000026949263,0.000010473482,0.00030569464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990029,0.00015876321,0.00062503293,0.000009345815,0.0000034701025,0.000004036418,0.000019453364,0.0000023919413,0.0001746139],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999821,0.00005068445,0.00001486373,0.000025291461,0.00006394003,0.000024234623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997701,0.000096283926,0.000033510845,0.000010951528,0.000065443506,0.000023719636],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039151125,0.00020197858,0.00021236957,0.00019509513,0.00023833141,0.000367578,0.00019117592,0.00025402848,0.00044606676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005339785,0.00013898543,0.00030698325,0.0001733761,0.00018941573,0.0003164523,0.00019017363,0.000326195,0.00009762897],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036281277,0.00003420676,0.0010163005,0.000038075264,0.000014584324,0.00003973329,0.000021029466,0.00045370436,0.99571735,0.000054321605,0.000014825003,0.002232948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045150373,0.00012734291,0.0030229173,0.0000019397594,0.000023873981,0.000026916192,0.000023657285,0.004368351,0.9922661,0.000020211022,0.00010753209,0.000006542369],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00126691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001474183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00126691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001886409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002519071},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338181669","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2015.011","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Zeta potential; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.17617199678324597,"score_gpt":0.40118732542333585,"score_spread":0.22501532864008988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338181669","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942496,0.0014325788,0.0038655312,0.000056491794,0.00001572315,0.000010798986,0.000028148403,0.000028633369,0.0003125382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947003,0.0009653679,0.0034598908,0.000042114436,0.000008653539,0.000008593971,0.000041302428,0.00000933974,0.0007643556],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997763,0.000051807983,0.000020169768,0.000037320446,0.00007956131,0.000034839566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988925,0.000020865835,0.000037933776,0.00000846824,0.000030010606,0.000013422853],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025988647,0.00034201393,0.0003666296,0.0001891398,0.00023667517,0.00044035327,0.00020923112,0.00034531724,0.00023064676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029037558,0.00010416266,0.00041124606,0.00015949362,0.00015063345,0.00032135873,0.0002230541,0.0002959543,0.000104458086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028873934,0.000012175774,0.00026223072,0.000051703653,0.0000055007,0.000034112778,0.000019603674,0.0000889122,0.9977449,0.000016954938,0.0000073230453,0.0017277354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003672372,0.00014518815,0.0017247284,0.0000042746196,0.000014262519,0.000076871176,0.000020923278,0.00069417554,0.9967861,0.000018021587,0.00050705177,0.0000047169074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010191415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013890199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010191415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031276725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002747893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002269268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338986833","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.054","title":"Separation of macromolecular proteins and removal of humic acid by cellulose acetate modified UF membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Republic of the Philippines; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Humic acid; Contact angle; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Polymer chemistry; Cellulose; Polymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015515055324923735,"score_gpt":0.2636439604509345,"score_spread":0.2481289051260108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338986833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.977326,0.0036709204,0.016673952,0.00012092625,0.000043720716,0.000035833174,0.00019494715,0.00007083814,0.0018628536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97773737,0.0024709895,0.013689017,0.00008011856,0.00002759576,0.00004917206,0.0003220939,0.00002791064,0.00559568],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982363,0.00001545617,0.000012226137,0.000028417675,0.00006125633,0.000058958816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999207,0.000015586695,0.000012899735,0.00000804894,0.000023912238,0.000018794652],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023893117,0.00036335445,0.000375746,0.00029051656,0.00037765448,0.00038613885,0.00030193388,0.00048335743,0.000584317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023942032,0.00015856785,0.00044767416,0.0002376305,0.00019819062,0.0003366911,0.00020296723,0.00045614823,0.0003471323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000549851,0.000009244597,0.00006380932,0.00003069495,0.0000041217477,0.000028277838,0.000015442356,0.000072736795,0.99835867,0.00008531842,0.00001669725,0.0012599443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031163443,0.00002803664,0.0009782665,0.0000030415133,0.000004705472,0.000045660116,0.000008674593,0.00045228438,0.99751234,0.000043212567,0.0009172185,0.000003415992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040007588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024738526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040007588,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005396804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050404493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007954955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2339249685","doi":"10.1515/ijcre-2015-0183","title":"Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactors for Thermomechanical Pulping Pressate Treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Biofilm; Effluent; Aeration; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Thermophile; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Bacteria","score_opus":0.015402226199613855,"score_gpt":0.2501590632131575,"score_spread":0.23475683701354366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2339249685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964366,0.001583165,0.0015045562,0.00004723308,0.000031112577,0.000020337411,0.0000966285,0.000024425199,0.0002558076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944208,0.0012783911,0.003322857,0.000027953056,0.000014867092,0.00003295742,0.0001665527,0.000009184647,0.00072643516],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961346,0.0000922924,0.00004020625,0.00007018752,0.00012997961,0.000053918917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998566,0.000031587337,0.000035128633,0.000010925321,0.000041613923,0.000024161292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045606826,0.0004474178,0.00065941224,0.00022562168,0.00028979898,0.0006564135,0.00039474925,0.0005048667,0.00075324764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002948531,0.00024883554,0.00069012505,0.00024747933,0.00018967691,0.0004907837,0.00032505352,0.0006744604,0.00022918615],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013960949,0.000042198943,0.00021748117,0.00008062028,0.000015841544,0.000022795253,0.000020883677,0.00021375464,0.99768436,0.000023696104,0.000011871243,0.0015269328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002236575,0.0010731047,0.003520567,0.000011327236,0.00004853422,0.0000692742,0.000051634022,0.0015016594,0.9929644,0.000024159515,0.0006982629,0.000014688325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015676171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017878083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015676171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031917985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032248386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031169653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342427966","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.042","title":"Spray- and spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly of copper nanoparticles on thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane for biofouling mitigation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Copper; Composite number; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Layer by layer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.06579720703306476,"score_gpt":0.3392937959816625,"score_spread":0.27349658894859774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342427966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99259996,0.00049961463,0.0055395435,0.000050645525,0.00004541472,0.000025016514,0.00005778574,0.00012555058,0.0010564552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99261147,0.0002780491,0.005750815,0.00002614772,0.000009637776,0.000016995493,0.00005102766,0.000019360528,0.0012365918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991417,0.00000846979,0.0000059399845,0.000018897694,0.0000266503,0.000025831168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999248,0.000010889179,0.000018924731,0.000010891276,0.000024769231,0.000009644242],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014190005,0.00029860597,0.00022879445,0.00018827936,0.0001917594,0.00016182345,0.00025129577,0.00028963902,0.0006654835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013948636,0.00020562042,0.00033356485,0.00009712763,0.00013803344,0.00023407956,0.00020442482,0.0003525204,0.00023664135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023152814,0.000008460798,0.000028340757,0.000022346298,0.0000032360742,0.000014202599,0.0000108533895,0.00007640396,0.9989544,0.0000378654,0.000036060985,0.00078467495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003857009,0.00004752618,0.00024776623,0.0000010533048,0.0000049350574,0.000012286867,0.000006585667,0.0013273077,0.99812645,0.000006563822,0.00021298861,0.0000027296323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075363717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018122138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075363717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023662555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022314173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002226293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342658771","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.033","title":"Micropollutants removal from water using microfiltration membrane modified with ZIF-8 metal organic frameworks (MOFs)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Imidazolate; Human decontamination; Metal-organic framework; Polyethylene glycol; Zeolite; Water treatment; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.008830217619153357,"score_gpt":0.1979412372694535,"score_spread":0.18911101965030014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342658771","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953206,0.000615467,0.0033036894,0.000052041338,0.000019140061,0.000009966687,0.000072717805,0.00006744663,0.000538969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942457,0.00044199583,0.0032411208,0.000029313003,0.0000073104648,0.000011183054,0.00009655489,0.000010648802,0.0019161834],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999088,0.000004160604,0.0000068175323,0.000021364476,0.000028758448,0.000030194984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999639,0.0000067573837,0.000010768876,0.0000028039992,0.00001082896,0.000004951499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007775135,0.00027811606,0.00021524762,0.00018848035,0.00022862328,0.0002524586,0.00024349272,0.00034876098,0.00054756564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012866523,0.000119640106,0.00036237357,0.00012016947,0.000093825496,0.00034029648,0.00020422066,0.00034142716,0.00021137405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002677224,0.000007237972,0.00012402353,0.000020316264,0.0000033719296,0.000020275502,0.00001085526,0.000055606633,0.99800867,0.0000238943,0.00001895095,0.0016801193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013201185,0.000026498305,0.00046437368,0.0000011924468,0.0000049258874,0.000014365375,0.0000074665595,0.00035611042,0.9987576,0.000006610717,0.0003575598,0.0000020852983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020751848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024517213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020751848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002612496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017386944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041262507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343110169","doi":"10.3168/jds.2016-10914","title":"A process efficiency assessment of serum protein removal from milk using ceramic graded permeability microfiltration membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Diafiltration; Permeation; Membrane; Chromatography; Skimmed milk; Chemistry; Dilution; Permeability (electromagnetism); Fractionation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02214575182027875,"score_gpt":0.29726353802501754,"score_spread":0.2751177862047388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343110169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926064,0.0010591849,0.00569723,0.00003053734,0.000009603742,0.00006507635,0.00016088926,0.00005571798,0.00031540115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97678417,0.0023010096,0.019600596,0.000037857797,0.0000067353367,0.00010479842,0.00035793355,0.000027079544,0.00077973324],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994413,0.00008765716,0.00005269679,0.000110646295,0.00023938446,0.0000683268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979466,0.00005895115,0.000048193513,0.000014866756,0.00006797327,0.00001549442],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064800726,0.00048704306,0.00056925043,0.0002964355,0.00020898248,0.00043894764,0.00037618884,0.0005733715,0.0003022265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006698013,0.00015950456,0.0006385755,0.00046567782,0.00018839304,0.0004248755,0.00028555878,0.00040429723,0.00014442916],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007582855,0.000044077216,0.00026913415,0.00008025645,0.000008576303,0.00001670269,0.000017715265,0.00014251373,0.9969778,0.000013720206,0.000010098361,0.0023435839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006380385,0.0004348077,0.0022489564,0.0000047950903,0.000025709936,0.000031719905,0.000019384812,0.0012591691,0.9956457,0.000006814723,0.00031071386,0.000005771299],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016465152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012871658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016465152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030737245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034270287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343176190","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.060","title":"Batch process of polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration to recover mercury (II) from wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Polymer; Polyethylenimine; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009596926008556555,"score_gpt":0.25136975339378087,"score_spread":0.24177282738522432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343176190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99471444,0.00043009804,0.0036399332,0.00006137199,0.00006375187,0.000052429255,0.00015667344,0.00006299021,0.00081828545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99141955,0.00039851342,0.0048379246,0.000046333207,0.000018244551,0.000045314966,0.0001616565,0.00001456248,0.003057792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984133,0.000016319622,0.000015343283,0.000036201694,0.000058790967,0.000031990567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993753,0.000014282703,0.000009260754,0.0000063536822,0.000019681429,0.000012807121],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027582873,0.00038279608,0.00049661286,0.0002801215,0.00038910148,0.0003639568,0.00046215465,0.0004749507,0.0006403185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019142363,0.0001888783,0.00060839765,0.00023650422,0.00016273998,0.0003440311,0.0002547848,0.00064193225,0.0002985795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025959354,0.00009543749,0.00022089422,0.00006201565,0.000017590684,0.000046381003,0.000026693238,0.0003356655,0.99616987,0.00005209955,0.00007669978,0.0026370406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003868974,0.00035433663,0.002337051,0.0000041918865,0.000037976668,0.000051931867,0.0000179854,0.0025749435,0.99389786,0.000027674472,0.0006436058,0.000013643233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00532622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007682829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00532622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005671627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006209077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010590434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343641786","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.33698","title":"Influence of zeolite shape and particle size on their capacity to adsorb uremic toxin as powders and as fillers in membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Creatinine; Adsorption; Zeolite; Particle (ecology); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Dialysis; Particle size; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Surgery; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Medicine; Geology","score_opus":0.03291800357519768,"score_gpt":0.30736263254557855,"score_spread":0.27444462897038086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343641786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99806553,0.0006116183,0.00074974966,0.000019196215,0.000011741497,0.0000146692455,0.000088572895,0.000025301048,0.00041358027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99796426,0.00040532672,0.0010142241,0.000015791227,0.0000039360293,0.000015374068,0.000080373786,0.0000122562815,0.0004884832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996872,0.000057325677,0.000039719547,0.000060915416,0.0000973045,0.000057507033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995648,0.00013827776,0.00014386828,0.000026651865,0.00008662919,0.000039814608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003493047,0.00030999782,0.00029915254,0.00028369395,0.00014668045,0.00043781512,0.0001625593,0.0003293583,0.00051656837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080172025,0.00022008679,0.00031506,0.00021311197,0.00017715446,0.0004118194,0.00022312196,0.00027914625,0.0001956221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103008155,0.00002012167,0.00029257836,0.000056928948,0.000013121721,0.00002623482,0.000022467562,0.00014218867,0.9980515,0.00002556611,0.000017776947,0.0012285605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053100134,0.00020713836,0.0036611327,0.0000061660003,0.000026736314,0.000038138576,0.00003588629,0.00069818046,0.994905,0.000010406123,0.00039795035,0.000007961542],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010357753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011825743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010357753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002303525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012211635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020594597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346071095","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2016.03.023","title":"The influence of aggregation of latex particles on membrane fouling attachments &amp; ultrafiltration performance in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated water and wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Ammonium bromide; Fouling; Chromatography; Polysulfone; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Pulmonary surfactant; Particle (ecology); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Zeta potential; Turbidity; Materials science; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.012216703366820684,"score_gpt":0.23537942353888391,"score_spread":0.22316272017206323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2346071095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989378,0.00026596503,0.0004941825,0.000013215656,0.0000102368,0.0000034631653,0.000038425234,0.0000057525303,0.00023085855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987362,0.00015195538,0.0004911977,0.000021368789,0.000005718063,0.0000043105024,0.000061311854,0.000006575434,0.0005213772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951816,0.00011294666,0.000060840386,0.00007958037,0.0001454247,0.000083067236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992011,0.0004078993,0.00014084623,0.000046375517,0.00014332971,0.000060482944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000520006,0.00027973103,0.00020172953,0.00018050893,0.00025839513,0.00050062925,0.00015908852,0.0003393835,0.000535993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011438042,0.0002179476,0.00032821202,0.00017141717,0.00023669821,0.00034320087,0.00019870301,0.00033604974,0.00017675088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024884727,0.000025311594,0.0010150955,0.000039976694,0.000018076496,0.000047356516,0.00008611848,0.00020634827,0.9970048,0.000021798243,0.00001847306,0.0012677988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034477314,0.0001748537,0.006033708,0.0000032360435,0.00002316538,0.000034002296,0.000031758096,0.0008567024,0.9926742,0.000007805148,0.0001516239,0.0000054256366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00147099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018123274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00147099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030504604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017862198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029248595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2350269550","doi":"","title":"Control of membrane fouling and regeneration in microfiltration separating of attapulgite by ceramics membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Ceramic; Flushing; Filter cake; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007792008669382849,"score_gpt":0.22023795588212625,"score_spread":0.2124459472127434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2350269550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975811,0.0006207498,0.0015585858,0.000019101617,0.0000066529146,0.000009452705,0.000015258927,0.000032046442,0.00015709079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954485,0.0006265877,0.0033914128,0.000010464588,0.000004429409,0.000011817921,0.00003821492,0.000011382756,0.0004572438],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997534,0.00003697186,0.000025856243,0.000043056174,0.00009172388,0.000048875652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986994,0.000035093908,0.000037730064,0.0000141117835,0.000026434045,0.000016619753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035107578,0.00033055493,0.00041854943,0.00027436964,0.00023763801,0.00028273917,0.00025955934,0.00025544685,0.00026058118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003063558,0.0002073755,0.00043047706,0.00021050319,0.0002787598,0.00028645014,0.0002008306,0.0003184188,0.00008156699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006547301,0.000014070486,0.0001186417,0.00004553814,0.00000410063,0.000015012633,0.00002009924,0.00012151706,0.9978142,0.00001579985,0.000007935456,0.0017576984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027628932,0.000074621435,0.0007642976,0.0000010689148,0.000005855185,0.000018259478,0.0000063412367,0.00050111365,0.99846625,0.000004898497,0.00015141054,0.0000031910592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011031266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015420875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011031266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026574006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024802805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021933913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2357113140","doi":"","title":"Preparation and Ions Retention Properties of TiO_2 Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Inorganic Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Discovery Air (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Calcination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mesoporous material; Particle size; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.03271181933138058,"score_gpt":0.2324983538777022,"score_spread":0.19978653454632161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2357113140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98479927,0.001791138,0.011014857,0.00010227523,0.0000346427,0.000083816274,0.00081726373,0.00018169142,0.0011750732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97268367,0.0018359965,0.021000687,0.000059268332,0.00002748026,0.00017158677,0.0011933974,0.00007007333,0.0029578644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997658,0.000025393383,0.0000306723,0.000049551396,0.00008438539,0.00004418918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989104,0.000019187268,0.000024041567,0.000010611982,0.00004502303,0.000009993299],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046638574,0.0004247129,0.0003451099,0.000297737,0.0003287983,0.00032921546,0.00027740345,0.00044014846,0.00044403292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003568577,0.00017248125,0.00037988054,0.00024579235,0.00015028856,0.00037505905,0.00018144664,0.00033114475,0.00019742976],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021440395,0.0000063710204,0.000040992465,0.000022407288,0.0000019521246,0.000012929419,0.000010784159,0.000033877743,0.99923265,0.000015854814,0.000011397383,0.00058940356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000042903366,0.000056428147,0.0008055952,0.0000020024888,0.0000059899467,0.00003694569,0.000008646649,0.00025326243,0.998181,0.000012098571,0.000629588,0.0000042703996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015631171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014550941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015631171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044261324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024999244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003211379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2360266035","doi":"","title":"Preparation of a novel anti-fouling PVDF UF membrane modified by UV grafting using N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide as monomer","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Keji daobao","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"","keywords":"Monomer; Attenuated total reflection; Membrane; Scanning electron microscope; Grafting; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.05310483908010878,"score_gpt":0.31611807974109474,"score_spread":0.26301324066098597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2360266035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91817325,0.0038672588,0.07543827,0.0003269279,0.0001715854,0.000111076486,0.00020161558,0.0003050887,0.0014048603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9056911,0.00313289,0.08683852,0.00021068187,0.000058592024,0.00015067126,0.00031033318,0.000056514982,0.0035506962],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999281,0.0000066401362,0.000006541132,0.000017730654,0.000026745822,0.000014255489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999943,0.0000066448342,0.00001657173,0.000005391044,0.000014640297,0.000013728492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013860784,0.00030391538,0.0003255336,0.00019614001,0.00024997647,0.00019632617,0.00033405464,0.00070711214,0.00036079518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013436095,0.00016308483,0.0003566912,0.00015521707,0.00013800015,0.00046719197,0.00020906322,0.000404786,0.0002890046],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061174387,0.00000641999,0.000023590732,0.000030667426,0.0000024618869,0.000031319356,0.0000058128467,0.000027335836,0.99891233,0.000027596778,0.000010233796,0.00091607263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054662464,0.00005736562,0.00046023985,0.0000032034595,0.000010161774,0.00024191616,0.000008507842,0.00049385004,0.9966414,0.000025352027,0.002046199,0.000006303731],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003206267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038521638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070711214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017566048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001662311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012744665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W236041936","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.037","title":"A review on polyamide thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes: History, applications, challenges and approaches","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":756,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.3198059234888001,"score_gpt":0.38531418539924206,"score_spread":0.06550826191044196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W236041936","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00022603091,0.9988493,0.00015663053,0.0001453436,0.00011536034,0.0000044123894,0.00002212039,0.0000049228083,0.00047587007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006934343,0.9984951,0.0002401605,0.000108826505,0.000065685104,0.0000042549923,0.000023015964,8.4696154e-7,0.0003687355],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998123,0.000021557964,0.000032596196,0.000036356334,0.00007688925,0.000020367717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973613,0.000105030536,0.00005857147,0.000005684767,0.00007496579,0.000019710576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005027815,0.00077894103,0.0013662194,0.0023887972,0.00031105618,0.00083967875,0.0006587894,0.00071955525,0.0019340088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006020034,0.00030003625,0.00056117435,0.0025395004,0.00026969146,0.0013947776,0.0005775129,0.00092381804,0.00076314574],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009413503,0.00009603315,0.00024645217,0.0575777,0.00014055149,0.0002756708,0.00008547135,0.00034779828,0.012728285,0.0024650164,0.021974193,0.9039688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011771476,0.00015064012,0.0008661502,0.0052597877,0.0002530243,0.00085717224,0.000086700005,0.0001018465,0.0033106254,0.0010359996,0.9880306,0.00003566185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010644475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002746743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023887972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048444324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001277194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006469965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2387507946","doi":"","title":"The effect of organic matter on Ultra-Filtration membrane filtration flux","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Dispersity; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chemistry; Fraction (chemistry); Size-exclusion chromatography; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic matter; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006335529620346133,"score_gpt":0.2305511804284387,"score_spread":0.22421565080809255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2387507946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997223,0.00065685157,0.0010194567,0.000070895396,0.000026690821,0.000021436534,0.00013866684,0.000024404875,0.0008186449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947292,0.0009780221,0.0022989265,0.00012323968,0.000020026038,0.000027916962,0.00031126116,0.000026705728,0.0014846353],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947673,0.00013312021,0.000042780946,0.000073789044,0.00014636476,0.00012727336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986829,0.00073961855,0.0001776508,0.00004296969,0.00024016813,0.00011675138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006835288,0.0005498918,0.00055288424,0.00037517276,0.00044779346,0.00091878563,0.0002441511,0.0005866899,0.000994108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010439164,0.00017837757,0.00040760846,0.00042145012,0.0003498336,0.0006459607,0.0002932431,0.00050742296,0.00023951738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003674829,0.00007057811,0.0007093257,0.00007329226,0.000011895049,0.00006113108,0.000028652299,0.00015381387,0.99627787,0.000039057308,0.000026823964,0.0021800243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000088670395,0.00034719225,0.005085997,0.000005976451,0.000017852295,0.000030491572,0.00002420987,0.00029899488,0.9936494,0.000020255282,0.0005035094,0.000007183323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001951603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013587491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001951603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055741286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043564304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040442944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2398877736","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22542","title":"MBBR followed by microfiltration and reverse osmosis as a compact alternative for advanced treatment of a pesticide‐producing industry wastewater towards reuse","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Effluent; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Wastewater; Nanofiltration; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Industrial wastewater treatment; Reuse; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Activated carbon; Adsorption; Membrane; Engineering; Biofilm","score_opus":0.012445542627929095,"score_gpt":0.2259989989550893,"score_spread":0.2135534563271602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2398877736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847387,0.0017699187,0.012346495,0.00009933293,0.0000577819,0.00005885848,0.00007756727,0.00024406983,0.00060726074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98509985,0.00068039785,0.012744637,0.000045569945,0.000022113594,0.000038832924,0.00010056159,0.000020922038,0.0012471022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979,0.00002674432,0.000013760548,0.00003976851,0.0000987733,0.0000310381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991155,0.000013533129,0.00003339247,0.000010218361,0.000015966936,0.000015353202],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021204886,0.0005050568,0.0005777882,0.00027975053,0.0001535075,0.00045713072,0.0004539847,0.00066203333,0.0005205396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019623597,0.00024322055,0.00051380123,0.000181587,0.00019433707,0.00033729832,0.00034893127,0.00049036497,0.0003918417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004074025,0.000032437063,0.000046784848,0.000032522028,0.000003927871,0.00001988572,0.0000060820626,0.00009242037,0.99774194,0.000022654742,0.000018859626,0.0019417198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028095268,0.00067354535,0.002294608,0.000009402357,0.000025728415,0.00019038776,0.000016852331,0.003060986,0.9919744,0.000019471865,0.0016930492,0.000013284941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079268974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010159536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079268974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022218151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020055275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017413497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2399895761","doi":"","title":"The Use of Coagulation as a Pre-treatment to Ultra-filtration Membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Mathematics; Statistics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020062500353153292,"score_gpt":0.24223477702444607,"score_spread":0.22217227667129277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2399895761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.791199,0.030747581,0.1414146,0.0019705244,0.0016013132,0.00039237412,0.0003165333,0.00091515714,0.031442873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94669527,0.007097915,0.027351145,0.00067647477,0.00009882855,0.0000905234,0.00018494988,0.00007424999,0.017730596],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996728,0.000046983023,0.000018546127,0.00007941867,0.00013920995,0.000043060667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998561,0.000028919914,0.000031606756,0.0000153187,0.000056787543,0.000011255235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025214007,0.00030361852,0.000253451,0.00032857643,0.00030813384,0.00051777833,0.00033691907,0.00059437996,0.0011664252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027138327,0.00017431083,0.0006217305,0.00022651773,0.00024981252,0.00050130236,0.00038529976,0.00076280435,0.000638469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000622835,0.000045466608,0.00028217872,0.00026734063,0.000022723236,0.00012573406,0.000042262734,0.00025027414,0.97718257,0.00082508015,0.00068453886,0.020209488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006092794,0.0001526587,0.0008144783,0.000015635662,0.000019144374,0.00013312412,0.000014771789,0.0016091706,0.9868484,0.00011160976,0.010263625,0.00001118789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010489703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011541893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011664252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004749387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040929482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039020777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2406898480","doi":"10.1159/000424215","title":"Efficiency and Biocompatibility of Membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Contributions to nephrology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Hamilton Health Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Biocompatibility; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03277657578467342,"score_gpt":0.3460588496297816,"score_spread":0.3132822738451082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2406898480","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039182496,0.99820995,0.000375883,0.00016026934,0.00009831136,0.0000031490881,0.000013426585,0.0000043770983,0.00074276887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017264424,0.99711037,0.00040450302,0.00008621003,0.00010953233,0.0000048114316,0.000021238044,0.0000018428357,0.0005351118],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995315,0.00005795053,0.00006204698,0.00010048894,0.00020120638,0.00004675889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994506,0.00028152845,0.00009040544,0.000028240143,0.00012820304,0.000021011367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014685022,0.0012194187,0.0017999395,0.0022880079,0.0003023588,0.0015460661,0.0010389106,0.0014156502,0.0013376877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001278237,0.0005087922,0.0006740951,0.0027455206,0.0008773884,0.0019504302,0.0010196787,0.0016827751,0.00094329164],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010439791,0.00008925472,0.00030819804,0.024970315,0.00014563452,0.00020953997,0.00007802446,0.00074813457,0.018764108,0.0091889445,0.008270681,0.9371227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021622494,0.00019202774,0.0014923763,0.003816594,0.0003452368,0.0016250467,0.00009356864,0.00044516154,0.025194313,0.006352639,0.9603509,0.00007067061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010238024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00096612534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022880079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009065294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009333707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077663064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2411055054","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.008","title":"Tuning anti-adhesion ability of membrane for a membrane bioreactor by thermodynamic analysis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane; Adhesion; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Biochemical engineering; Biophysics; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009901371134201161,"score_gpt":0.23738199338339047,"score_spread":0.2274806222491893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2411055054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831535,0.0009626509,0.014344811,0.00012647509,0.000037673006,0.000014466536,0.000095757096,0.000060864128,0.0012038066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967391,0.00028837388,0.002571804,0.000014755162,0.0000066036882,0.000015130921,0.000054262397,0.000012876458,0.0002970663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982065,0.000028490042,0.000013918308,0.000031285297,0.00008008524,0.000025554291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999858,0.000052415515,0.000025019746,0.000008025166,0.00004660843,0.000009872554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031022166,0.00027082209,0.00025289535,0.00029780198,0.00027464915,0.00039069177,0.0002857952,0.00026858834,0.00075485365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004622007,0.00013261863,0.00026945243,0.0002667369,0.00018325384,0.000411695,0.00020227133,0.0003840606,0.00017384309],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004256459,0.000018512317,0.00025492665,0.000041702082,0.000007992267,0.00001161817,0.0000074123773,0.00059135637,0.9966274,0.00021796362,0.000025543563,0.0021530248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030178307,0.00005772179,0.00072888314,0.0000022325783,0.000013343972,0.000012505829,0.000013109485,0.008609303,0.990155,0.000067005334,0.00033134653,0.00000652535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058465824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009503791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075485365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003251524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020275118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00252527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2413164017","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2016.1140595","title":"Biopolymer removal in full-scale conventional and advanced drinking water treatment trains at two large adjacent plants","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biopolymer; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilter; Water treatment; Flocculation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Polymer; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014137859072474581,"score_gpt":0.25109841375016234,"score_spread":0.23696055467768776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2413164017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997409,0.000002806049,0.00014097797,0.0000044011,6.6026473e-7,0.0000022982074,0.000013615734,0.000004584002,0.00008973651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99858713,0.0000068512886,0.00032939058,0.0000036838735,9.958355e-7,0.0000049697464,0.000044441444,0.000004439245,0.0010181988],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982065,0.000019103065,0.0000058861647,0.000047032878,0.000056918198,0.000050387407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999835,0.000039089027,0.000016315225,0.000009026584,0.00004977051,0.000050636987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018697981,0.00019033598,0.00024929858,0.00019973828,0.0010111964,0.00047177568,0.00038715248,0.00049831666,0.0009325405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024530702,0.00013350172,0.00027645638,0.0002346552,0.0002672256,0.0003875428,0.0002668226,0.00042892873,0.00020240348],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010654888,0.00056333427,0.024003755,0.000051847368,0.000023159973,0.0003187941,0.0006100767,0.007799663,0.95282745,0.000102087244,0.0001668183,0.012467542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009112942,0.002756267,0.16957185,0.000005600756,0.000099063924,0.0001501943,0.002047248,0.072305284,0.75095266,0.00014364727,0.0018243484,0.000052666925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.030735785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04518601,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030735785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012297162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083090726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.061113775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2413262586","doi":"10.2175/106143009x12487095236757","title":"Effect of Membranes on Refractory Dissolved Organic Nitrogen","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Aeration; Effluent; Wastewater; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Nitrogen; Dissolved organic carbon; Fouling; Environmental chemistry; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017556433343923896,"score_gpt":0.29545771235335566,"score_spread":0.2779012790094318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2413262586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99856865,0.00061124744,0.00029543045,0.000027854396,0.000015551077,0.000011271272,0.000059493705,0.000013706591,0.00039661978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971769,0.00043385744,0.0012909238,0.000032933676,0.000009885747,0.000017866018,0.000096633914,0.000007578379,0.00093335746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965954,0.00009363073,0.000027485417,0.000069316266,0.00007734905,0.000072684394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960357,0.0001502461,0.000079962396,0.000037509515,0.0000880476,0.00004071231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003868345,0.00047142146,0.0005411637,0.00017168594,0.00034715745,0.0005017632,0.00021237056,0.00048048978,0.00044497146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010790846,0.00016119068,0.0004940896,0.00016679283,0.00019190134,0.0004641719,0.00032113882,0.00029910944,0.00012608214],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046794306,0.00005542264,0.0005883042,0.00008494827,0.000020936332,0.000059857735,0.000029393028,0.00029006833,0.995402,0.000018219574,0.000023721619,0.0029592263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014278961,0.0008975461,0.0037343495,0.000007666119,0.00002464545,0.000060785995,0.0000375614,0.00040814342,0.99391866,0.0000148180925,0.00087435805,0.0000071743343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035023966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034722742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035023966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070378865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032377863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006964028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418416697","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.092","title":"Towards a continuous two-phase partitioning bioreactor for xenobiotic removal","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Chemistry; Wastewater; Chromatography; Mass transfer; Volumetric flow rate; Hydraulic retention time; Aqueous two-phase system; Aqueous solution; Phase (matter); Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020487400188561475,"score_gpt":0.29374159273448847,"score_spread":0.273254192545927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2418416697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9100747,0.0009221472,0.085908204,0.00060059596,0.00013317238,0.00016230333,0.00029741353,0.00052223465,0.0013790717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91372126,0.00095952814,0.07854239,0.00027230376,0.000049062593,0.00018351554,0.000546712,0.00007161258,0.0056536524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972945,0.000042681113,0.000019785099,0.000062253755,0.00010659452,0.000039286326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998467,0.000042382177,0.000017878183,0.000015673288,0.000048558002,0.000028791266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045063184,0.00048815974,0.00039781583,0.00022235699,0.00045843152,0.0008843224,0.0008560438,0.0008312664,0.00084372377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026988875,0.00027186156,0.00044872516,0.00018352314,0.00032105463,0.00068605965,0.00062282203,0.0009829913,0.0008236254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054952634,0.000075844604,0.000076048425,0.000025274943,0.0000033051165,0.000020109419,0.0000109881685,0.00012242563,0.9971842,0.00006890304,0.000049188715,0.0023086807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000036303274,0.0003185882,0.0007248586,0.00000568811,0.000018009978,0.00009343832,0.000030510482,0.004980612,0.99219596,0.00009277805,0.0014910932,0.000012196345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029580984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004228862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029580984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005237924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010480233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0058817267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2426096264","doi":"10.2175/106143007x194329","title":"Use of Chemical Coagulants to Control Fouling Potential for Wastewater Membrane Bioreactor Processes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Alum; Wastewater; Coagulation; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Ferric; Chemical oxygen demand; Flocculation; Pulp and paper industry; Chloride; Permeation; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06482366114755617,"score_gpt":0.31675465320784657,"score_spread":0.2519309920602904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2426096264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887439,0.0025650437,0.007841196,0.00011708613,0.00002762388,0.00006419536,0.00005202865,0.000085294065,0.0005036006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860962,0.001384495,0.011495858,0.000073727235,0.000018716124,0.00003541509,0.00009081517,0.000020391864,0.00078429043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997377,0.00004597562,0.000028741957,0.00004136924,0.00011107722,0.000035161087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997882,0.000042235133,0.00006944886,0.0000152377725,0.000056798362,0.000027950855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003215628,0.0005496382,0.0003843901,0.00036234714,0.00024376265,0.0003928411,0.00024849153,0.0003960546,0.00023465967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046257532,0.00020615596,0.00034276122,0.0002024969,0.0002468647,0.00023948721,0.00016979224,0.00040214046,0.00009547926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026078733,0.000011183553,0.000057471647,0.000028395965,0.0000035959265,0.000010918373,0.0000041652856,0.00006276125,0.9984578,0.00001686233,0.0000058984465,0.0013150236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045487955,0.00011738985,0.0002483731,0.0000016824413,0.0000072042267,0.000031936,0.00000246669,0.00021787261,0.99913126,0.000005230591,0.000230156,0.0000020091222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011897604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013803481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011897604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044597642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004371602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003235817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2433635125","doi":"10.3390/membranes6020033","title":"Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Membrane Fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":471,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Quorum Quenching; Wastewater; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Quorum sensing","score_opus":0.04496667195957447,"score_gpt":0.3071800662667298,"score_spread":0.2622133943071553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2433635125","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28301668,0.37861556,0.30827215,0.0052052042,0.0019228954,0.00047571998,0.0010483731,0.0037640894,0.017679382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.71520627,0.13328572,0.12684008,0.001527939,0.00041340268,0.00030569563,0.0010494463,0.00021599044,0.02115534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906105,0.00014104691,0.000061005936,0.0001654074,0.00045658994,0.000114908755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998011,0.000031975553,0.00005114276,0.000019235593,0.000075994576,0.000020588814],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007606804,0.0008892899,0.0011955212,0.0010756191,0.00073479273,0.0010720724,0.000784903,0.0020624902,0.0010946566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039448251,0.00030208964,0.0010043604,0.0010092724,0.000410633,0.0011903942,0.0008100858,0.0013954785,0.0016085131],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006825979,0.00006078892,0.00031345946,0.0015273482,0.00004646455,0.00018809534,0.00005331899,0.0005139149,0.9416072,0.001085438,0.0010920494,0.053443734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019093406,0.0005003367,0.0021035082,0.00015962307,0.00008196922,0.0014656486,0.00007194542,0.0033557608,0.9154346,0.0006562839,0.07609877,0.000052398995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014666177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015703592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020624902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014719709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00070306234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010679901},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2435365399","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.028","title":"Membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: High filtration resistance of gel layer and its underlying mechanism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Porosity; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.10765198099037518,"score_gpt":0.33898581001441924,"score_spread":0.23133382902404406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2435365399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940984,0.00073625176,0.0046253586,0.00017517272,0.00002838713,0.0000066925077,0.000019126206,0.000039247047,0.0002713061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979195,0.00022730252,0.0013023888,0.000039318926,0.000011897392,0.000003370995,0.000017253611,0.000007810638,0.00047117381],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998727,0.000026266978,0.000008657991,0.000030019843,0.0000298645,0.000032439937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998455,0.000045251487,0.000038207825,0.000018134398,0.000030614017,0.000022218837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030468794,0.00025698805,0.00023351648,0.0001997455,0.00028586277,0.0003503255,0.0003572779,0.0007309801,0.00022548491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030098602,0.0001533663,0.0003234988,0.00010186706,0.00035490567,0.00042542449,0.0002001098,0.00038845828,0.00012044435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006744072,0.000010617957,0.00019040126,0.00002610564,0.0000048482216,0.00008168254,0.000021585343,0.00006263737,0.99875903,0.00012454482,0.00002068402,0.0006304691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005666706,0.00011051349,0.0012380986,0.0000020000969,0.000014726266,0.00019841045,0.000020541298,0.0016854309,0.99638796,0.00009883982,0.00023065324,0.0000072356306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005380007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033003345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007309801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002088572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017558143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001611352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2437854155","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2016.1195879","title":"Impact of electrocoagulation of soluble microbial products on membrane fouling at different volatile suspended solids’ concentrations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Electrocoagulation; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Volatile suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Suspended solids; Environmental science; Wastewater; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010645053399114143,"score_gpt":0.23776786976729083,"score_spread":0.2271228163681767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2437854155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987728,0.00039445868,0.0006354106,0.000014901771,0.000008307328,0.0000060929,0.000017939328,0.000006869391,0.00014322976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984383,0.00029384065,0.0010123228,0.00001327864,0.0000037326965,0.0000057342713,0.000028191314,0.0000046863665,0.00020000046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995964,0.00010945172,0.000041976964,0.00006637748,0.00012338447,0.0000624443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996481,0.00015255623,0.00007787656,0.000025564237,0.00006883819,0.000026983815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040245435,0.00035826705,0.0004211375,0.00019234887,0.00016110356,0.00040529415,0.00018150893,0.00036554105,0.00037470701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000786125,0.00012749984,0.00047452285,0.00021306664,0.00024248239,0.00028945904,0.0002479985,0.00038746488,0.00006972985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023098558,0.000039851642,0.0006408414,0.00006660738,0.000027525037,0.00003364837,0.000027103806,0.0002774596,0.9958197,0.000019455581,0.000006916762,0.0028098237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000276891,0.0004386454,0.0018895858,0.0000024138983,0.000016202877,0.000016072492,0.000014799377,0.00047330916,0.997038,0.000007811423,0.00009761406,0.0000029008881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090767466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011956037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090767466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002315018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022061542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021283627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461724569","doi":"10.1515/jnet-2016-0017","title":"Multistage Pressure-Retarded Osmosis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Salinity; Osmotic power; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Process (computing); Pressure gradient; Environmental science; Process engineering; Component (thermodynamics); Osmotic pressure; Energy (signal processing); Salt water; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.008548633826860967,"score_gpt":0.2344668142501745,"score_spread":0.22591818042331352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2461724569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8906406,0.0014539361,0.103764474,0.00013920716,0.000054388227,0.00010837248,0.00029438193,0.00046282844,0.003081835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857615,0.00032234506,0.011943666,0.000019653315,0.0000071045442,0.000027328399,0.0000701293,0.000011459129,0.0018367887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968517,0.000027952161,0.0000190719,0.00006063662,0.00016128183,0.00004598285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987733,0.000033241766,0.000031206764,0.000020570837,0.000028037686,0.000009544275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030266304,0.00041487496,0.00041606076,0.00027121848,0.00018826823,0.00044813618,0.0006401904,0.00034752217,0.0013686566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029113152,0.00021692677,0.00034676064,0.00025376535,0.00032977742,0.0006834457,0.0004593519,0.0005152576,0.00044360204],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012656099,0.00005193186,0.0007474156,0.00019185025,0.00002072352,0.00006506046,0.00002196127,0.0062705646,0.98104423,0.0036024796,0.0001434288,0.0077138385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009948845,0.00015508785,0.0007310627,0.0000040818145,0.000008661761,0.000057369376,0.0000052701184,0.04309191,0.95389456,0.00042296786,0.0016083764,0.000010724773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045908833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041883322,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013686566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039117679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029235706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045785904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2463838301","doi":"10.3390/membranes6030038","title":"Impact of PAC Fines in Fouling of Polymeric and Ceramic Low-Pressure Membranes for Drinking Water Treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Biofouling; Ceramic; Activated carbon; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.013471945432438867,"score_gpt":0.2620198473284267,"score_spread":0.24854790189598783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2463838301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983205,0.00035139802,0.00093213073,0.000024994426,0.000007650712,0.000016936592,0.000027144859,0.000010991693,0.00030820363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967514,0.0003327143,0.002218636,0.000023351835,0.0000065353297,0.000009619101,0.000043320175,0.000007811083,0.0006065283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996087,0.00006348853,0.000021820415,0.00006433046,0.00019462498,0.000047138525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999775,0.00007282775,0.000052681866,0.000017025102,0.000062044346,0.000020377818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003116668,0.00028286778,0.00040863868,0.00020178303,0.00036234662,0.000555215,0.00020983627,0.0005405438,0.000523462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004313627,0.00013243804,0.0003278508,0.00016482451,0.00024317767,0.0004492195,0.00021681821,0.00043043314,0.00015013615],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011462719,0.000025204085,0.0006161448,0.000058088623,0.0000098526525,0.000051393727,0.000018288982,0.00008623525,0.9967907,0.00001176104,0.0000066112393,0.0022109628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004974891,0.00038704593,0.0055156695,0.0000026801001,0.000021744314,0.00007930964,0.00004708675,0.0003130093,0.9932274,0.000009156178,0.00038791265,0.000003981503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017309933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030234263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017309933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034327037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032843268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034418106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2466584735","doi":"10.1039/c6ra12115b","title":"Molecular dynamic simulations of pressure-driven water transport through polyamide nanofiltration membranes at different membrane densities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyamide; Molecular dynamics; Amorphous solid; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Computational chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00857874798120144,"score_gpt":0.2403221427290754,"score_spread":0.23174339474787395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2466584735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889931,0.00017179787,0.003968282,0.00024360672,0.000039385966,0.000046493507,0.0005951515,0.000085223845,0.00585693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954667,0.0001747025,0.0023104458,0.000054689262,0.000010118011,0.000115157425,0.0005794523,0.000035117748,0.0012535743],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998374,0.000020161846,0.000007992113,0.000025326126,0.000039435054,0.00006970463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996586,0.00015198697,0.000035110927,0.00002255707,0.00007943428,0.0000522001],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022554684,0.00070561335,0.0007817597,0.0005395915,0.0011639578,0.00068683556,0.00090464146,0.0012851439,0.003049584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00082015246,0.00050805963,0.00087110663,0.00077881035,0.00070490525,0.00090055645,0.00042756522,0.0012722161,0.00018208599],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023893533,0.00020003585,0.0021317867,0.00010193319,0.00007243707,0.00026063758,0.0001361941,0.9748209,0.014908564,0.0047936165,0.0003565268,0.0019784751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000507334,0.00005861171,0.0006514817,0.0000074108502,0.000013435349,0.0000095934165,0.000040299874,0.9957704,0.0028337042,0.00032866292,0.00022461588,0.000011154452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.031024281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016282234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031024281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017801109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018234227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06168741},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2468956877","doi":"10.3390/membranes6030037","title":"Efficiently Combining Water Reuse and Desalination through Forward Osmosis—Reverse Osmosis (FO-RO) Hybrids: A Critical Review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; National Centre of Excellence in Desalination; European Commission; Australian Government; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Reuse; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Water treatment; Osmotic power; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.049189040264370903,"score_gpt":0.3316267651553275,"score_spread":0.28243772489095664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2468956877","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007718838,0.99632,0.00082805444,0.00026935677,0.00028536917,0.00002238973,0.00003858867,0.000014194692,0.0014501442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0032918672,0.99460465,0.00076484063,0.00022377064,0.00014705358,0.000028864204,0.00006900872,0.0000063726684,0.00086362433],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957794,0.00006172672,0.00006175357,0.000097601565,0.000136382,0.00006457447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993026,0.00029931977,0.00010189361,0.0000238597,0.000222924,0.00004947406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010194217,0.0013060961,0.0016028382,0.0019763676,0.00044214472,0.0016541838,0.001105097,0.0013963692,0.0034793743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010761167,0.00056285714,0.0011273581,0.0025494774,0.00048272184,0.0025779475,0.00079481263,0.0012809089,0.0014505796],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013273586,0.00023817086,0.00039138453,0.09615397,0.00030970544,0.00044998532,0.00027447726,0.0021372386,0.020854551,0.012594578,0.027630094,0.8388331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013058875,0.00040535844,0.00059120904,0.0048960187,0.0003752633,0.0007265306,0.00014729898,0.0004910384,0.007526045,0.002147004,0.9826277,0.000053585667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011611837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014501192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034793743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060905964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015703308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011639595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2469965299","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2015.1108427","title":"Forward osmosis for treatment of oil sands produced water: systematic study of influential parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Volumetric flow rate; Produced water; Petroleum engineering; Water flow; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Oil sands; Reverse osmosis; Asphalt; Materials science; Geology; Membrane; Metallurgy; Composite material","score_opus":0.04195151319228315,"score_gpt":0.2774870082595339,"score_spread":0.23553549506725072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2469965299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97061116,0.022697067,0.003984082,0.000099314144,0.000017229266,0.0001010602,0.00046163017,0.00004341346,0.0019848815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96751183,0.025812568,0.005173625,0.000031818243,0.000009630704,0.000023600076,0.00040099412,0.000011570209,0.0010242952],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994276,0.000115055554,0.00006812994,0.00009332467,0.00025885447,0.0000369142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990226,0.0003590403,0.00023074036,0.00007064166,0.00029094442,0.000026106776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011434098,0.00044803234,0.00067658623,0.0015448594,0.00030594075,0.0007708295,0.00031008918,0.00028590366,0.00027979078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00128958,0.00016125939,0.00081768853,0.0013841143,0.00030775365,0.00069259584,0.00037431717,0.0002797353,0.00008583458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006431832,0.0006266478,0.05550424,0.0055471826,0.00089314044,0.00033133326,0.0006001433,0.010804273,0.43635762,0.00074353314,0.00043028907,0.4875185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003585036,0.0020340048,0.12842795,0.000615791,0.00268289,0.0006181926,0.0010954404,0.010476482,0.8318014,0.00057558616,0.02151814,0.00011821288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032643944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066394177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032643944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046135092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012183209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006490767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2471063573","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/27/34/345702","title":"Solvothermal synthesis of nanoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>: the impact on thin-film composite membranes for engineered osmosis application","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanoporous; Membrane; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Forward osmosis; Scanning electron microscope; Polyamide; Transmission electron microscopy; Membrane structure; Surface modification; Attenuated total reflection; Reverse osmosis; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007209903418460425,"score_gpt":0.22640946796699488,"score_spread":0.21919956454853445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2471063573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96850955,0.002908134,0.025033725,0.00010824563,0.0000805226,0.00008291079,0.00046305088,0.00028641493,0.002527462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97260284,0.001072199,0.024018781,0.000049088514,0.000018311823,0.000049377457,0.0002541037,0.000059321024,0.0018759094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990344,0.000006550434,0.0000082326505,0.000027431337,0.000037923175,0.000016486585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999082,0.00001494229,0.000032022435,0.000005697921,0.000027832455,0.000011277946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009564448,0.00034002974,0.00022913501,0.00015974596,0.00013495763,0.00021773098,0.0002643631,0.00038059952,0.0005409724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015205506,0.00015165815,0.0003055621,0.00014100781,0.00012886069,0.00029924893,0.00017026241,0.0003142231,0.00027034743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008318433,0.0000020742602,0.000031780706,0.00003666074,0.0000035128633,0.000015629626,0.0000049167857,0.000043741584,0.99938905,0.000019731959,0.000012535328,0.00043209392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019104637,0.000027738675,0.0003516096,0.0000015629388,0.000008189119,0.000055747012,0.000008689674,0.00070629985,0.998019,0.00001253108,0.0008039173,0.0000027432236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007097661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018630321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007097661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003105039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020856189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022529364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2472369295","doi":"10.2175/106143006x99812","title":"Treatment of High‐Strength Pet Food Wastewater Using Two‐Stage Membrane Bioreactors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Pet food; Stage (stratigraphy); Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Food science; Biology; Engineering; Botany","score_opus":0.04816701503488241,"score_gpt":0.2970933717114415,"score_spread":0.2489263566765591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2472369295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869496,0.0004913029,0.011193809,0.00012486459,0.000047082813,0.00009510536,0.0001316464,0.00008793728,0.000878618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97540206,0.0007962422,0.018787106,0.00009142766,0.000030414785,0.000118306256,0.00040252716,0.000020802134,0.0043510883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994961,0.000109892455,0.000046124613,0.000099120145,0.00016021571,0.00008855989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998258,0.000041287432,0.000037428938,0.00001566864,0.000051047788,0.000028857545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003883631,0.00075031543,0.00073983305,0.00020017353,0.0003477167,0.0007012803,0.0005528034,0.0011390445,0.00053495006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031446523,0.00026613282,0.00070262694,0.0002975244,0.0002041611,0.000607369,0.0004337305,0.0006344147,0.00029658643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004410891,0.00003122896,0.00011975875,0.00004585809,0.000004079464,0.00003753101,0.000012041995,0.00015051827,0.9988105,0.000017803943,0.000016727332,0.0007099712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019597708,0.00033804917,0.0015687806,0.0000043214864,0.0000121741,0.00011655287,0.00002605186,0.0021786406,0.9948848,0.000022151757,0.0008195768,0.000009216208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020817986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023747864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020817986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063784106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042049144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046278834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2473165320","doi":"10.1039/c6ra09354j","title":"Functionalized MWCNTs in improving the performance and biocompatibility of potential hemodialysis membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Biocompatibility; Membrane; Hemodialysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Surgery; Medicine; Engineering; Metallurgy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009097006592967683,"score_gpt":0.22854209262886974,"score_spread":0.21944508603590204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2473165320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857261,0.002796848,0.008697491,0.0001153904,0.00006501843,0.00004442828,0.000101106685,0.00007311858,0.0023805085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867932,0.0013507415,0.009328168,0.000038597038,0.000018245237,0.000027301721,0.00010060571,0.000020156655,0.0023228992],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999014,0.00001833091,0.000008195018,0.000016300908,0.00003993718,0.000015828522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999056,0.000021262105,0.000021381058,0.0000075111857,0.00003364592,0.000010687119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002113011,0.0003225349,0.00008807897,0.000188101,0.00015236058,0.00015311132,0.00017238046,0.00042313364,0.0005721042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034376112,0.00013227158,0.00014954737,0.00012283763,0.00008712217,0.00034712467,0.00013293428,0.0002686831,0.00017930797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046354453,0.000017139131,0.000085253116,0.000026950374,0.0000030911442,0.000023034647,0.000011291515,0.00015890723,0.99716645,0.00008433819,0.000048236827,0.0023289842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018773201,0.000053577813,0.00039235072,0.0000020885118,0.0000056827375,0.000024347686,0.0000034801244,0.00069670833,0.9981439,0.000010186358,0.0006636119,0.0000020478938],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034971788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010878765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005721042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016881106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011399763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019139051},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2478467140","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10003-x","title":"Formation of Flat Sheet Phase Inversion MD Membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Pervaporation; Phase inversion; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Synthetic membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Desalination; Chromatography; Materials science; Membrane technology; Porous medium; Chemistry; Porosity; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02514643841822474,"score_gpt":0.24128276303863455,"score_spread":0.21613632462040983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2478467140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49911436,0.021747237,0.2749867,0.0014369282,0.001047741,0.00027223025,0.0011665662,0.0015673114,0.19866082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78121454,0.010269674,0.092163995,0.0003263359,0.00008876479,0.00019929708,0.0014334385,0.00021274568,0.11409134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993956,0.0000042390657,0.0000034703596,0.000012603481,0.000029408286,0.000010635009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997437,0.0000065761055,0.0000037036027,0.000005829302,0.0000055444107,0.0000039261317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010874199,0.00026304965,0.00021634552,0.00020162264,0.00026630974,0.0005545864,0.00037720148,0.00027250408,0.0027237767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014463477,0.0002414088,0.0002546966,0.00018827127,0.0002008015,0.00075263093,0.0005346643,0.00074957643,0.0011787988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057118614,0.000067882196,0.00013475829,0.00044326382,0.000016794587,0.00022813806,0.00016331354,0.006201134,0.8686457,0.038487565,0.002743752,0.08281055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011192543,0.0000925958,0.00040972704,0.000043212065,0.000008613876,0.00029004915,0.000059325826,0.016104018,0.9062966,0.014886262,0.06177668,0.000021621894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015763995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023954979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027237767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025047938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014095457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009111941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2480941063","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2016.05.02.5","title":"The Economics of Reverse Osmosis Desalination Projects","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Osmosis; Chemistry; Membrane; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012233688404704797,"score_gpt":0.2482646241091076,"score_spread":0.2360309357044028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2480941063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86253047,0.0028023631,0.012834639,0.0032464608,0.0000745299,0.0002933863,0.0020353456,0.000057135774,0.11612571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98911124,0.0018381961,0.0015866837,0.000047976246,0.000025522284,0.00008099123,0.00035754387,0.0000115293415,0.006940396],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976926,0.00059618615,0.00008579289,0.00014826893,0.0011451474,0.00033212546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99653435,0.0015484699,0.0006347025,0.00012473998,0.00083821215,0.00031941992],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020485246,0.00027292946,0.00018769805,0.001412146,0.00034874238,0.0023094194,0.00055267353,0.0005100002,0.002896015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005103863,0.0003243446,0.00034536692,0.0014681708,0.00052182574,0.0023184635,0.00088261225,0.0005831534,0.00038697518],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013457533,0.0006507828,0.15265158,0.00078124244,0.00021900209,0.002794036,0.00050595624,0.2770205,0.015143611,0.21387468,0.010035873,0.32497695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002058075,0.0023362595,0.54409933,0.0007195633,0.00028171626,0.0024666288,0.0058894083,0.18396975,0.027438922,0.06413985,0.16817449,0.00027834522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00426376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0060793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00426376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0041901655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002186215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.030401886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2481216157","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2006.035","title":"Post-Treatment of Anaerobic Bioreactor Effluent Using Jet Loop Reactor (JLR)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Kjeldahl method; Effluent; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic exercise; Ammonia; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.12629256276579093,"score_gpt":0.39600687604855017,"score_spread":0.26971431328275924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2481216157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96001726,0.0011103147,0.03725698,0.0000593351,0.00006546922,0.00010725894,0.00013723155,0.0006954274,0.0005507116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9676847,0.0005866743,0.028605834,0.00007527671,0.000034637378,0.000051108826,0.00037107218,0.00006234532,0.002528442],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995449,0.00006122717,0.00004666374,0.000102031314,0.00017184427,0.000073248164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980015,0.000026123982,0.00008161927,0.000019818715,0.000046443696,0.000025839458],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043521612,0.0005230034,0.00084768125,0.0002584737,0.00020341708,0.00066033483,0.00058272755,0.00048222076,0.0005551102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003591048,0.00018857743,0.0007581645,0.00020360861,0.00018880951,0.0005148361,0.00037080527,0.0005525545,0.00047126558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000832113,0.000041095973,0.00019416893,0.00006925967,0.000006569859,0.000042928586,0.000012691844,0.00010441446,0.9951002,0.000017545255,0.000023528173,0.0043045343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017583148,0.00042854028,0.0016977497,0.000003920851,0.000026863518,0.000110814915,0.000008990723,0.0015222108,0.9953643,0.00000909816,0.00080057175,0.000009345707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010759676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011992822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010759676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002624254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040713238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002301693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2481579649","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.021","title":"Effect of bioavailability on the fate of hydrophobic organic compounds and metal in treatment of young landfill leachate by membrane bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Chemistry; Bioavailability; Environmental chemistry; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane bioreactor; Phthalate; Organic matter; Biodegradation; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Humic acid; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007655308660875047,"score_gpt":0.21640138554549537,"score_spread":0.20874607688462032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2481579649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99905306,0.00019328066,0.00033144862,0.000040440907,0.0000123772115,0.000004846436,0.000051545805,0.0000126842215,0.00030027248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983758,0.00014219852,0.00036645788,0.00002864636,0.0000072930475,0.000006754828,0.000053122225,0.0000066937278,0.0010131379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986374,0.000030999385,0.000012543568,0.00003430344,0.000023292561,0.000035184174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971086,0.00011717064,0.000056793862,0.000014386877,0.00006999155,0.000030700285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025633493,0.0002656727,0.00031381028,0.00012201404,0.00033460476,0.00042127783,0.00023218486,0.0004049323,0.0011454669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045460055,0.00015613831,0.00023962288,0.000073983196,0.00018476696,0.00035339326,0.00023595891,0.0003385023,0.0002635844],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001169095,0.000051331976,0.00068070425,0.000050372408,0.000010741926,0.00005496036,0.00004449255,0.0002586142,0.99627113,0.000036109872,0.000043194086,0.0013292958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018467596,0.000680409,0.0016269428,0.000004908705,0.00001821832,0.000025093399,0.00004901971,0.00075945735,0.99636203,0.000021728398,0.00042717563,0.000006612166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030365647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002547783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030365647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005119062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037193266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060377717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2483323368","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2016.007","title":"Simultaneous regeneration of exhausted zeolite and nitrogen recovery using an air stripping method at alkaline pH","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Stripping (fiber); Chemistry; Air stripping; Ammonia; Zeolite; Ammonium; Nitrogen; Chromatography; Volumetric flow rate; Regeneration (biology); Waste management; Materials science; Catalysis; Wastewater; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.1497485129018563,"score_gpt":0.4180717099221836,"score_spread":0.2683231970203273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2483323368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99352264,0.0006073898,0.005229866,0.000023268778,0.000011060498,0.000024638379,0.00007325292,0.000052128715,0.00045569398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898252,0.00055182714,0.008030308,0.000020235717,0.000007226877,0.000025856412,0.00017124577,0.00001375692,0.0013543336],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965346,0.00006899414,0.000035123205,0.00007136546,0.000120405726,0.000050709554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998599,0.000035540597,0.000029068593,0.00001492576,0.000043706805,0.000016794163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004513655,0.00048812904,0.0006347979,0.00031064663,0.0002593634,0.0002979579,0.00037854296,0.00038945331,0.00033446794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029805108,0.00020715772,0.0005419912,0.0002412873,0.00021494039,0.00042390922,0.00037770905,0.0003116567,0.00017236616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008641149,0.0000140415395,0.00017355573,0.00003846815,0.0000036784133,0.000020069048,0.0000094946045,0.000053239823,0.9981993,0.0000083016075,0.0000035441105,0.0013899091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007631725,0.00017975975,0.0010160186,0.000002217921,0.0000127015455,0.00004991191,0.000012838307,0.000645655,0.99783725,0.000008331625,0.00022182552,0.000005845567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023130234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040775337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023130234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002760526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041472135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045990944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2484062057","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10008-9","title":"MD Membrane Characterization","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Characterization (materials science); Membrane distillation; Scanning electron microscope; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Capillary action; Permeability (electromagnetism); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.018752904987933625,"score_gpt":0.2157538080391187,"score_spread":0.19700090305118506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2484062057","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04317325,0.010454555,0.61654717,0.0022186679,0.001468828,0.0005192671,0.018349143,0.01249031,0.29477888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.17535192,0.009147142,0.26843986,0.00101525,0.00021484603,0.0019415276,0.029076127,0.002775166,0.5120382],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997036,0.000015788637,0.000014593526,0.00009130197,0.00014624212,0.000028575736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999018,0.000023020557,0.000005832805,0.000028763623,0.000035657893,0.0000049574373],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029525114,0.00085834716,0.0009238225,0.00069128384,0.0008243949,0.00071593723,0.0009960685,0.0007862411,0.046244364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042365163,0.00052578875,0.00046792935,0.00069455366,0.00029644876,0.0011028595,0.00085478934,0.0015866787,0.02240797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018650119,0.00009645115,0.00026889553,0.00092600216,0.000039670656,0.00019312458,0.00016032103,0.0030580768,0.6363711,0.02267622,0.07563896,0.26038474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015774092,0.000055329278,0.0005165671,0.00005475857,0.000020546315,0.00029637176,0.000031188058,0.013552288,0.5757886,0.003703089,0.4059308,0.00003460038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009952148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00197771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046244364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006916677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059736066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15470278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2488561455","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(16)30149-5","title":"Recent progress in polymeric hollow-fibre membrane preparation and applications","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Spinning; Materials science; Membrane distillation; Polymer; Polymeric membrane; Membrane technology; Nanotechnology; Polymer science; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00892948379355532,"score_gpt":0.2550125050505293,"score_spread":0.24608302125697398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2488561455","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.021469284,0.937136,0.027673997,0.0013930217,0.000744216,0.000044176486,0.00017234363,0.00023527976,0.011131725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.042330094,0.91836673,0.030773966,0.0005453854,0.0007895033,0.000052330088,0.0003968836,0.00007569725,0.006669418],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994048,0.00008185721,0.00008792647,0.00015793533,0.00021951085,0.00004803778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929357,0.00026647717,0.000104374376,0.000042828462,0.0002472787,0.000045446668],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017603214,0.00066796254,0.00058521464,0.0011285772,0.00032729024,0.0009405248,0.0007110162,0.0008548688,0.0029115041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009632013,0.00043480727,0.00049536803,0.001410953,0.00033078823,0.0019048244,0.0005501012,0.0007749064,0.0021280674],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022411576,0.00018282462,0.0005660255,0.013446921,0.00007620378,0.0003015915,0.00021782723,0.001599186,0.30025977,0.003341,0.0041101486,0.67567444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018105882,0.0006641373,0.0021899159,0.0012651618,0.00016725421,0.0019565164,0.00016417369,0.0015070972,0.30438006,0.0013695057,0.68624055,0.000077452525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050856284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061409664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029115041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005129791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005365799,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009739935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2494091213","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.06.019","title":"An integrated knowledge-based and optimization tool for the sustainable selection of wastewater treatment process concepts","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Modelling & Software","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Process (computing); Selection (genetic algorithm); Effluent; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Operations research; Artificial intelligence; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.012374802481110076,"score_gpt":0.24740795021834813,"score_spread":0.23503314773723805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2494091213","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011993043,0.000103578444,0.95902926,0.00018570478,0.000033755456,0.00012174753,0.0013171072,0.02231041,0.004905361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13581471,0.0003212923,0.85344297,0.00014578305,0.000020284271,0.0005268253,0.003902481,0.0020279766,0.0037977248],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947506,0.000090881105,0.000059418653,0.000076070704,0.00025523506,0.000043382905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999014,0.0005870707,0.00006921101,0.00012957478,0.00015648092,0.0000436513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011762786,0.0015058819,0.0011208347,0.0017267663,0.00067860325,0.0024582166,0.001957058,0.0014397379,0.009049113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032389483,0.0008060909,0.0017004254,0.0012435887,0.00041241577,0.0018195204,0.0018401124,0.0011700607,0.0016914755],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035192823,0.0007216228,0.0025819077,0.0008471483,0.00033169583,0.0005394862,0.00034303666,0.61176157,0.01520109,0.035076577,0.013514287,0.31872967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000065099804,0.000037675225,0.00030670883,0.00006556791,0.00006298219,0.000073398835,0.000025381929,0.96661115,0.007112001,0.012002103,0.013605554,0.000032329033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004708987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074755875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009049113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009102208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017785744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.030272305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2495627901","doi":"10.1061/9780784412275.ch22","title":"Nanomaterial-Based Membranes for Gas Separation and Water Treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"American Society of Civil Engineers eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Gas separation; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.01374013668980556,"score_gpt":0.22860839207474334,"score_spread":0.21486825538493778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2495627901","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02329332,0.40196157,0.15951568,0.0032882257,0.005278406,0.0001927644,0.0008057429,0.00081461354,0.40484965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09930554,0.25027412,0.11252064,0.00159695,0.0008299811,0.00027295202,0.0009418848,0.00033192243,0.53392595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998627,0.000007745516,0.000005942523,0.000023641658,0.000089268135,0.000010717769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996996,0.000010419625,0.0000032015848,0.0000038893395,0.000010026813,0.0000025319518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016843578,0.00052200333,0.0003365539,0.00060780416,0.00031313483,0.0008166124,0.00059528643,0.0008804024,0.005873986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015697308,0.00029116927,0.0003228736,0.0007154373,0.00025133652,0.0017785624,0.0006454705,0.0010752406,0.003361607],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046729423,0.00012162213,0.000098673016,0.0019325514,0.000031409712,0.00028708956,0.00013779529,0.0015214434,0.46837315,0.07637464,0.034151938,0.416923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000065766462,0.000056013665,0.00022598711,0.00019133658,0.000018128268,0.0005773439,0.000041095773,0.0018290455,0.24207082,0.012124676,0.7428396,0.000019355333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029657345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001231814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005873986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005143221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030156883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0196504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2496641222","doi":"10.2166/ws.2003.0145","title":"Nanofiltration of colored surface water: Quebec's experience","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Surface water; Environmental science; Colored; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.008011598334155797,"score_gpt":0.22376527422740544,"score_spread":0.21575367589324965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2496641222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9127655,0.010563604,0.009760908,0.0076262723,0.00024409262,0.000477191,0.0019210104,0.00029022232,0.056351107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9485884,0.006443434,0.011156047,0.0008832531,0.00004215075,0.0000916038,0.001844694,0.000087487264,0.030862965],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985274,0.00022491516,0.000035630554,0.0001962355,0.0006581854,0.00035766204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980149,0.00012964483,0.000048000715,0.00005111302,0.0014454192,0.00031092262],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021256173,0.00060732063,0.0003129558,0.0005873815,0.0030800865,0.0016385682,0.0012084387,0.001074405,0.0031488726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014347032,0.00018609565,0.00037372188,0.0010178705,0.0007801563,0.00088913913,0.0006500736,0.00074675586,0.00044805626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002486993,0.0036202741,0.05864545,0.0014890868,0.00039432533,0.0029568197,0.0077107027,0.016116045,0.2892298,0.008862456,0.047223736,0.5612643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072841404,0.006860155,0.2613424,0.00042194352,0.00034909596,0.0019850782,0.009804183,0.018878553,0.17869267,0.0009963582,0.51954204,0.00039911302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9635224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9742193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9635224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02344943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.015856244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1701383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2506677711","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-0585-3.ch004","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater Using Nanofiltration Technology","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in environmental engineering and green technologies book series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Effluent; Environmental science; Contamination; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Waste management; Water quality; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004792421716724609,"score_gpt":0.18780726335461306,"score_spread":0.18301484163788845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2506677711","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07798005,0.5104951,0.09368274,0.0028502725,0.003577628,0.00032610062,0.0019450281,0.0017885078,0.30735445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.099024534,0.3931307,0.08780943,0.0013554697,0.0006596812,0.00018605833,0.0030496006,0.00029068993,0.41449383],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990904,0.0000027901804,0.0000047428084,0.000016204334,0.00005994028,0.0000071889763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999987,0.0000030128551,0.0000019053283,7.2551455e-7,0.000005710523,0.0000016174243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008318641,0.00054583955,0.00039420096,0.0007266769,0.0002302763,0.0007273586,0.00037517885,0.0005490768,0.004950569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007975427,0.00019525405,0.00050879724,0.00084586383,0.00011514146,0.0011488671,0.00036117368,0.00070998695,0.0036995749],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047744143,0.00012664983,0.00013680499,0.0025364705,0.00002119927,0.00030967427,0.00017822988,0.0011844119,0.4109689,0.011114816,0.023685949,0.54968905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000116772535,0.00024251355,0.0009796906,0.00044832163,0.00003846582,0.0010772742,0.000079344005,0.002696536,0.15687466,0.0046750796,0.83283955,0.000036978527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004682765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010388745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004950569,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003629923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000339482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01656133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2509963146","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.098","title":"Energy-positive food wastewater treatment using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","keywords":"Chemistry; Wastewater; Biogas; Membrane fouling; Methane; Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016163807508381107,"score_gpt":0.21853940935630925,"score_spread":0.20237560184792813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2509963146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943421,0.00053539255,0.0036126846,0.00013323668,0.000044560227,0.000018806371,0.00008835665,0.000080125916,0.001144783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918407,0.00042427814,0.005698046,0.00004775497,0.000013195426,0.000015028316,0.00009690438,0.000007595989,0.0018564753],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986696,0.000016053024,0.0000113352,0.000026880936,0.00004785834,0.00003089159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996674,0.000004036862,0.000006835929,0.000002743829,0.000010478565,0.000009230701],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017147473,0.00032015724,0.00034658998,0.00023918005,0.00036116887,0.00038936065,0.0003070772,0.00039926506,0.00046043206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001106347,0.000103821345,0.0003839645,0.00014918175,0.00010429496,0.0002967802,0.000343947,0.00035877185,0.00026557065],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012750106,0.00004472133,0.00025570407,0.00004230445,0.000003783136,0.000037195165,0.000007179213,0.00011037255,0.9960401,0.000041141895,0.00003666068,0.0032532685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022038988,0.00036440557,0.0021062156,0.0000061074297,0.000022423445,0.00011207414,0.000028305369,0.0016867265,0.99411786,0.0000348158,0.0014912996,0.000007741431],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016540407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002354721,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016540407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033644724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031888604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032888055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2510250671","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2016.09.004","title":"Strategies for maximizing removal of lactic acid from acid whey – Addressing the un-processability issue","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dairy Innovation Australia Limited; Victoria University; University of Victoria","keywords":"Diafiltration; Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Lactic acid; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Downstream processing; Centrifugation; Lactose; Membrane; Food science; Biochemistry; Microfiltration; Bacteria","score_opus":0.03900038009680434,"score_gpt":0.3056039998811181,"score_spread":0.26660361978431374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2510250671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.683645,0.025512755,0.2723349,0.0056154924,0.0002103406,0.00039183145,0.00015011177,0.00027058154,0.011868965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9051669,0.011622028,0.077397645,0.00047360722,0.0000689651,0.0001343448,0.00010911503,0.000050636176,0.004976749],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994875,0.000095242496,0.000032222622,0.000091363065,0.0001990216,0.00009471235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976856,0.000054342985,0.00006350546,0.000023388011,0.0000718991,0.000018354327],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007670654,0.0007761965,0.00059778214,0.00055878906,0.00054263556,0.0019235811,0.00088553195,0.0011729392,0.00095224346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064573355,0.00037028384,0.0005393362,0.00047710695,0.0004990463,0.0018471404,0.0010993226,0.001068775,0.00039687718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007161593,0.00012951247,0.0005800351,0.00054859277,0.000033975204,0.00010227357,0.00007712662,0.0025225496,0.9672104,0.0025801386,0.00019756092,0.025946168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018135554,0.00026641056,0.0010983219,0.000055127133,0.000053607593,0.0001616045,0.00023928807,0.009178175,0.97838986,0.0020024583,0.008515103,0.000021955597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021518501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005050896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021518501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010495826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001257628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007615268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2510781118","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.07.026","title":"Fabrication of hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite hollow fibers for DCMD: Influence of dope formulation and external coagulant","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Layer (electronics); Fabrication; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Layer by layer; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.011335869142876326,"score_gpt":0.24812828027869452,"score_spread":0.2367924111358182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2510781118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98096263,0.00064306805,0.016693871,0.00006885825,0.000035447825,0.000051523137,0.00022439126,0.000100034835,0.0012201205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9688817,0.0003823995,0.028862614,0.000032849326,0.000012260693,0.00004617409,0.00020324215,0.00003182242,0.0015469178],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988353,0.0000072619573,0.0000096336225,0.000037669528,0.00003910442,0.000022796969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984336,0.000032530315,0.000050109073,0.000014513466,0.00003773518,0.000021775288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028302075,0.00030460575,0.00018987287,0.00019282154,0.00028860508,0.00016754598,0.00014166509,0.00033372833,0.0006470865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021125538,0.00015994304,0.0002517375,0.000119205426,0.00017084167,0.00029883668,0.00017685471,0.00025138468,0.00019444976],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018278512,0.0000044390445,0.0000410625,0.0000141588225,0.0000011659182,0.000010101142,0.0000071066074,0.000049576007,0.9991221,0.000025129984,0.00000953041,0.000697429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023604387,0.00002775708,0.00043662064,0.000001097237,0.0000017313863,0.000017045219,0.000003447094,0.0003574102,0.99877256,0.0000065302897,0.00037125638,0.0000020676025],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010728152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025921946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010728152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036882478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029885178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026759505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2511285872","doi":"10.1149/ma2016-02/22/1654","title":"Synthesis of Novel Graphene Composite Adsorbent for Water Treatment By Adsorption and Electrochemical Regeneration","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Graphene; Regeneration (biology); Composite number; Electrochemistry; Materials science; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Electrode; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Cell biology","score_opus":0.013101879415706287,"score_gpt":0.22779476064740148,"score_spread":0.2146928812316952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2511285872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93864125,0.008879565,0.041383628,0.00036419372,0.00028874705,0.0002588329,0.0009010318,0.001135271,0.008147343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9527954,0.0019258257,0.040022146,0.00015095212,0.000033875574,0.00014350958,0.00047112186,0.00005478047,0.004402436],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998628,0.00001039363,0.00000880981,0.000027414504,0.00005566193,0.00003486369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999943,0.000007878679,0.000010975684,0.000004744277,0.00001785043,0.00001549391],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010655011,0.0006342899,0.0004055869,0.0009951864,0.00030817406,0.0002444821,0.0005513894,0.0008452957,0.0010301803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013062984,0.00026447274,0.0006179965,0.0005846546,0.0001628522,0.0004433621,0.0002786102,0.00040373992,0.0004085982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030737538,0.000026157082,0.000050078615,0.00016455151,0.000010789694,0.000110841276,0.0000110530245,0.00025928256,0.99517196,0.00011939737,0.000106777035,0.0039384007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015325675,0.0002004351,0.0013204605,0.000010288828,0.000032711734,0.00019119633,0.000017179285,0.0035994344,0.99014914,0.00008648694,0.0043521663,0.000025209061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00081560767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028691522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010301803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002654223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020473459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003446281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2513490034","doi":"10.15376/biores.11.3.hubbe","title":"Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BioResources","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":230,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"FPInnovations; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Pollutant; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental science; Waste management; Land reclamation; Activated sludge; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved air flotation; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.11995183522202169,"score_gpt":0.33440520698392073,"score_spread":0.21445337176189905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2513490034","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00018438576,0.9984818,0.00015717882,0.00010298841,0.00010162105,0.000007139471,0.00002599097,0.0000052667965,0.00093365286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006579444,0.998386,0.00028094283,0.00008312894,0.00007097882,0.000007119647,0.00003814201,0.0000017251629,0.00047394232],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953985,0.000051402356,0.000098918434,0.00009397959,0.00018001754,0.00003588928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940336,0.00024667903,0.000110711866,0.000018243754,0.00018014065,0.000040908388],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007902944,0.0011898149,0.0018244617,0.004687185,0.0004467591,0.0011445998,0.00093736197,0.0011515833,0.004039186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00081555214,0.0004941685,0.00093450653,0.0055821296,0.00046395333,0.0017263521,0.0006574193,0.0012515199,0.0018008944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005882736,0.00015891931,0.00026790655,0.059511438,0.00012899144,0.00023033621,0.00012611263,0.0005918869,0.003907967,0.0031072178,0.015718743,0.9161916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012239794,0.00017445225,0.0013233956,0.00724237,0.00017609198,0.0011338267,0.00010704615,0.00010310258,0.0013359598,0.0011036925,0.9872547,0.000033050026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020643629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034278152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004687185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006629046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015839505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013512492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2513722067","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/27/41/415706","title":"Preparation and characterization of a novel highly hydrophilic and antifouling polysulfone/nanoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>nanocomposite membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Materials science; Biofouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Nanoporous; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Scanning electron microscope; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Silane; Fouling; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007792421183552501,"score_gpt":0.22039317681331613,"score_spread":0.21260075562976363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2513722067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96290714,0.0018618435,0.03338132,0.00016096326,0.000044996108,0.00006815151,0.00032340587,0.00013949232,0.0011127765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9617345,0.0012018029,0.03416922,0.00006158128,0.000018738008,0.000059555623,0.00033583835,0.000029002016,0.002389774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998721,0.000009209719,0.000011243581,0.000029683779,0.000063587555,0.00001425658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982697,0.000031885054,0.000053916294,0.000013835814,0.000051018058,0.000022471648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020746488,0.00029629306,0.00020169994,0.00023338028,0.00019247565,0.00023891771,0.00019273827,0.00046941233,0.00033223504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002189173,0.000109252316,0.00024415925,0.00016614742,0.00019312698,0.00043347565,0.00014741966,0.00024253604,0.00019416872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073762294,0.0000044591366,0.000061415754,0.00002050053,0.0000019363927,0.000021764465,0.000004349158,0.00005703576,0.9991949,0.000016484488,0.0000058093033,0.000603949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002636267,0.000057553727,0.0013809839,0.0000020745765,0.000007672249,0.00014934766,0.000013023123,0.0007732564,0.9963779,0.000020126105,0.0012115189,0.000003896789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006539311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012801997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006539311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027709312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003116582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002010405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514267890","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02113","title":"Effects of Polymer Ratio and Film-Penetration Time on the Properties and Performance of Nanocomposite PVDF Membranes in Membrane Distillation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Penetration (warfare); Polymer; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Polyester; Casting; Chemistry","score_opus":0.032765086250601656,"score_gpt":0.24012260801165736,"score_spread":0.2073575217610557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2514267890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99625444,0.0013544826,0.0017136444,0.000033173925,0.000012941188,0.0000186729,0.00011089519,0.00004594968,0.0004557899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944518,0.0014640469,0.003295259,0.000019932704,0.000007375298,0.000036023797,0.000110457586,0.000037744227,0.0005773369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995883,0.00008423672,0.000052349274,0.00010716541,0.000084650324,0.00008332555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993436,0.0003135687,0.00015257958,0.000028124405,0.00008897817,0.00007312495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005171369,0.00077805744,0.00055735337,0.0002706832,0.00017075258,0.00048310848,0.0002741696,0.00054699834,0.0006297079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001053523,0.00036162348,0.0003374789,0.00036985925,0.00018971543,0.0006850773,0.00025260303,0.0005774395,0.00023024753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013748872,0.000025649615,0.00009776682,0.000057284098,0.000007471194,0.000033103257,0.000023103476,0.00011666368,0.9987992,0.0000090168805,0.000006525527,0.0006866112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035381197,0.00021571817,0.0010250196,0.0000051594106,0.0000175952,0.000034387365,0.000014936199,0.00037857803,0.99810225,0.0000045532333,0.00019183022,0.0000063236607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006514302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009999588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077805744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022567548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020411477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027348995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514743007","doi":"10.1038/srep33343","title":"A novel insight into membrane fouling mechanism regarding gel layer filtration: Flory-Huggins based filtration mechanism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mechanism (biology); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Layer (electronics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physics; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.024159010368188315,"score_gpt":0.24208312235516682,"score_spread":0.2179241119869785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2514743007","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35719743,0.01066711,0.6186236,0.0019869339,0.00042682418,0.00012734845,0.00015276772,0.0006647697,0.010153129],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798917,0.0016990993,0.016448168,0.00015573822,0.00004850139,0.00002903277,0.000034214732,0.000022369944,0.0016711501],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998136,0.000030796757,0.0000080422615,0.00004289781,0.000065617285,0.000039061764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986255,0.00006919176,0.000024214836,0.0000132472305,0.000020817519,0.000009917894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037105137,0.00071794767,0.00065925793,0.0005551166,0.00035486624,0.00054437644,0.0009048842,0.0013397391,0.00081094465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006660761,0.00022758954,0.0010473835,0.00020268583,0.00077297824,0.0016565716,0.00035101667,0.0007550619,0.00012788363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018475014,0.00014841523,0.0044160117,0.0013173255,0.0002012055,0.0022090694,0.0005598388,0.10938783,0.55646336,0.2903462,0.0010030166,0.03376302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059630067,0.000511528,0.0040643355,0.000040653198,0.00015108759,0.0020799139,0.00017935598,0.7180294,0.19411032,0.072564565,0.008030733,0.00017851229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015255357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006448022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015255357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007149912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043494406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051876307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2516605178","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.024","title":"Integrated oxidation membrane filtration process – NOM rejection and membrane fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"RES’EAU-WaterNET","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Organic matter; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05395147537621222,"score_gpt":0.32982982124182264,"score_spread":0.27587834586561044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2516605178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983949,0.0012215495,0.0129070375,0.00007273855,0.000063196705,0.0000289807,0.00010035181,0.00011925531,0.0015378549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898644,0.000378813,0.0064963796,0.000038949107,0.000012470722,0.000014204329,0.00015439895,0.000010961977,0.0030293514],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997025,0.00001797628,0.000013262591,0.0000562582,0.00013582097,0.0000741435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999006,0.000010178839,0.00001797749,0.000013484309,0.000046265293,0.0000114447375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023295454,0.0003664288,0.00038673842,0.00022825714,0.00026547545,0.0005775404,0.00041684663,0.00066680496,0.0006115093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001718566,0.00023547145,0.0004965424,0.00020438488,0.00017153048,0.0005301903,0.0003574929,0.00063185795,0.00019498204],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011202344,0.00007314608,0.00018944824,0.00002788944,0.000016034735,0.000017466584,0.0000062575214,0.00019094849,0.9965245,0.00008643236,0.000028644827,0.0027271328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008331771,0.00011180313,0.0011379269,0.0000012421567,0.00001736265,0.000025287021,0.0000048491847,0.0013659603,0.99675155,0.00002471963,0.00054795033,0.0000031243846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015393199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034674003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015393199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061628193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005237372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004471481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518570433","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02035","title":"Targeted Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter in Boiler-Blowdown Wastewater: Integrated Membrane Filtration for Produced Water Reuse","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Produced water; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Waste management; Separator (oil production); Environmental science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.07135781184185135,"score_gpt":0.296187210074998,"score_spread":0.22482939823314663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2518570433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956423,0.00035604753,0.0037156383,0.000019437133,0.000006014565,0.000016941538,0.00003367557,0.00002235281,0.00018754104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944049,0.0003631662,0.004489521,0.000015746571,0.0000027487806,0.000012032568,0.000075253556,0.0000067171527,0.0006298725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998447,0.000018102659,0.000009357269,0.000030018884,0.000061189545,0.00003656475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993455,0.000009825835,0.00001633879,0.000004488208,0.000020616262,0.000014123292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020103733,0.00042060227,0.000447065,0.00022119252,0.00021764378,0.00042310037,0.00023181038,0.00047893185,0.00028269307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021671529,0.000140806,0.0003204443,0.00019709686,0.00014728591,0.0002750451,0.00031237034,0.00031895112,0.00009380331],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003176932,0.000015805363,0.00014627606,0.000026024096,0.0000026119212,0.000009176827,0.000005227268,0.00007353371,0.9985176,0.000009897434,0.0000036116871,0.0011584391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059013437,0.00021918197,0.0020345321,0.0000019428337,0.00001149684,0.000029161982,0.000009344164,0.0007192401,0.99673283,0.000007823619,0.00022534216,0.000003179916],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002634667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004794275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002634667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005214675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003768022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052385926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2519743892","doi":"10.3168/jds.2016-11504","title":"Effect of transmembrane pressure control on energy efficiency during skim milk concentration by ultrafiltration at 10 and 50°C","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Novalait; Canadian Dairy Commission","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Skimmed milk; Chemistry; Chromatography; Fouling; Membrane; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Membrane fouling; Materials science; Biochemistry; Food science","score_opus":0.0035013582884547774,"score_gpt":0.21305657663570723,"score_spread":0.20955521834725246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2519743892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997815,0.000519607,0.0011899602,0.000045241148,0.000014017166,0.000012811748,0.000108681365,0.000041431285,0.00025315775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975764,0.00039536285,0.0014374657,0.000027808679,0.000006376561,0.000026556647,0.00014182337,0.000026355357,0.00036186143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952686,0.00009052984,0.00005284141,0.00009280875,0.00011874778,0.0001182757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994867,0.0002250722,0.00010862948,0.00003245442,0.00010779029,0.000039296265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005540483,0.00056337187,0.0005146109,0.00017568056,0.00025113675,0.00056781585,0.00034296617,0.0003973089,0.00072236056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008847707,0.00020984688,0.0003336558,0.00030239252,0.00037535036,0.00053077633,0.00029490568,0.0005160061,0.00020581872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033447376,0.000025139465,0.00027479598,0.00005504312,0.0000089833065,0.00002525977,0.000041956748,0.0001242053,0.9980921,0.000014120735,0.000015897642,0.0009879787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000073808724,0.0002137382,0.0030413282,0.0000047864555,0.000014207873,0.000022791934,0.00002360618,0.000405475,0.99602854,0.000006037263,0.00022471868,0.0000073399915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017286671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002038987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017286671,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058161083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036959772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042198896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520678058","doi":"10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0173","title":"Introduction to PRO for energy conversion applications including an electric equivalent circuit","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Renewable Power Generation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Electrical engineering; Computer science; Energy transformation; Equivalent circuit; Electric energy; Engineering; Physics; Voltage; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.035937203245788946,"score_gpt":0.2702410258586872,"score_spread":0.23430382261289825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520678058","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004344112,0.030499924,0.73787254,0.0044258856,0.0061907335,0.00021479036,0.0017691669,0.0020613738,0.21262148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11727109,0.049504075,0.34491524,0.005442485,0.0044417726,0.0007195891,0.0019656355,0.0012938838,0.47444636],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998178,0.000030889747,0.000015411188,0.000046092573,0.000079123834,0.000010761657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998036,0.000083889565,0.000017452925,0.000028386203,0.000060018214,0.00000662091],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019468427,0.0007728338,0.000313912,0.00047942947,0.00033089984,0.0009924802,0.00065677863,0.0014347675,0.027477624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057219685,0.00029245045,0.0006456976,0.0006939989,0.0005561877,0.001903937,0.00055903674,0.002262935,0.013414219],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009224066,0.00012552316,0.00035770755,0.001808857,0.000039100607,0.000800514,0.0002105966,0.012243554,0.0657068,0.40230787,0.084755905,0.43155143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000061722585,0.00010286587,0.00024240374,0.0001265856,0.00001263671,0.0007130352,0.000020891954,0.011559567,0.007249442,0.031274956,0.94866776,0.000023613211],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046465575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055759994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027477624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003166856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002298273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09192181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520727926","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.09.011","title":"Effects of ozone pretreatment and operating conditions on membrane fouling behaviors of an anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor for oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative; Shell Canada; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Anoxic waters; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Ozone; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Degradation (telecommunications); Biodegradation; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.033858201473396785,"score_gpt":0.34234307652042145,"score_spread":0.30848487504702465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520727926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99937695,0.00014240085,0.00018180079,0.000022003822,0.000016132368,0.0000037663854,0.00009279252,0.0000060612974,0.00015817271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910766,0.00017063128,0.00029675756,0.00001990377,0.0000041439107,0.0000043685145,0.000084907806,0.0000032998116,0.0003082167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999785,0.00002965669,0.00003092959,0.00003807254,0.00004691012,0.000069355374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978787,0.000066423185,0.00004995376,0.000012411737,0.000049958187,0.00003341458],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002074908,0.00036671065,0.00025972765,0.00018437185,0.00029345482,0.00039705186,0.00020212251,0.00037088906,0.0008103619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043910585,0.00018641142,0.0003503701,0.00021199064,0.00017776633,0.00032343433,0.00016645981,0.00035582055,0.00014481542],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000987562,0.00012314682,0.0015582062,0.000054384665,0.000019052673,0.000078333855,0.000060999842,0.00023061552,0.9945885,0.000022812765,0.000050285842,0.002226127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000151884105,0.00071173685,0.013338965,0.000006890329,0.00005164914,0.000046062018,0.00015111957,0.0009556007,0.9843561,0.000020111665,0.00033134193,0.0000152571365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038267404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061085965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99617326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029899256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041095217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00760895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2521226405","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2008.005","title":"Bench-Scale Evaluation of Sonication as a Pretreatment Process for Ultraviolet Disinfection of Wastewater","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sonication; Effluent; Trickling filter; Wastewater; Chemistry; Ultraviolet; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Materials science","score_opus":0.2326221933145743,"score_gpt":0.4728345179401291,"score_spread":0.2402123246255548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2521226405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968299,0.0003966516,0.002158764,0.00004784164,0.000025444684,0.00007667467,0.00009401484,0.000026818769,0.00034387657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99114436,0.0006531347,0.0070262346,0.000044896206,0.000023914017,0.000059092443,0.00028884914,0.00001258062,0.00074692833],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955696,0.00017876642,0.00002895193,0.000053492113,0.00013984431,0.000041919466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953175,0.0002096906,0.00006886281,0.000041814517,0.00010178157,0.000046167184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072670844,0.00038183955,0.00036077143,0.0001887573,0.00031945689,0.00042937955,0.0003468387,0.00053845014,0.00077816274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00091233506,0.00015990918,0.0004524737,0.00025990454,0.00038605495,0.00025686264,0.00024009308,0.00053272437,0.00023028352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020379387,0.0002927029,0.0002782017,0.00007872975,0.000012183526,0.000024493484,0.000032816937,0.00032106866,0.99685234,0.000018817454,0.000030374365,0.001854464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031936088,0.00526115,0.0032925727,0.000007431558,0.000041110947,0.0000539544,0.00007111658,0.0011437975,0.98961484,0.00002577687,0.00044511602,0.000011171293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00178515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022117463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00178515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041431433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042992693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038433075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2524011599","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.133","title":"Removal of Phenol under Aerobic Conditions by a Hollow Fibre Membrane Bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Phenol; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012828087143872503,"score_gpt":0.23793068850278526,"score_spread":0.22510260135891275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2524011599","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99314225,0.00059426844,0.0051547247,0.0001279875,0.000053036772,0.000027083392,0.00014222928,0.00015371437,0.00060460705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889171,0.00082957576,0.007867644,0.000056379577,0.00003165305,0.000029058663,0.0002874186,0.000019394716,0.001961745],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995933,0.00003715173,0.00003555675,0.000090776644,0.0001545695,0.00008872279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989784,0.000014083473,0.000025593386,0.000009372923,0.000027178672,0.00002588085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029189,0.0005182173,0.0006021317,0.00024342332,0.0004108756,0.0005529689,0.00046044655,0.00059934135,0.00033148177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018914575,0.00020827373,0.00059865875,0.00023408001,0.00022842303,0.0004751511,0.00030597838,0.00045999055,0.00044019762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045188463,0.000032499673,0.00012286367,0.000033166758,0.0000040282293,0.000038806647,0.000016029082,0.00011073091,0.9987196,0.000019358658,0.000021165493,0.0008365601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023188844,0.00047722436,0.0028580765,0.000009084744,0.000034445406,0.00018740282,0.0000451444,0.0034403186,0.9917332,0.000038541795,0.0011351039,0.000018415963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0061570085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032364875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0061570085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057037006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061114633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012242317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2524682796","doi":"","title":"Utjecaj temperature i tlaka na protok permeata kod koncentriranja soka aronije nanofiltracijom","year":2013,"lang":"hr","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Permeation; Chemistry; Bar (unit); Dry matter; Volume (thermodynamics); Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Membrane; Animal science; Physics; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.011040594855626024,"score_gpt":0.2485365889425863,"score_spread":0.23749599408696026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2524682796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98376936,0.0059552416,0.0062166313,0.00013386496,0.00004727889,0.000043136602,0.00019784449,0.00007199331,0.0035646225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98554635,0.0037525631,0.0071524796,0.00008105026,0.000023623552,0.000032668908,0.00019686512,0.000057512774,0.003156799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965274,0.000038570553,0.000025295574,0.00009196557,0.000135298,0.00005615956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977225,0.000038777183,0.00006312631,0.000018851131,0.00008658579,0.000020382658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003520135,0.0002679941,0.00050326984,0.000310988,0.0003637026,0.0009940616,0.00022408304,0.00032679416,0.0015986945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030024655,0.00021362382,0.00042913482,0.00032803247,0.00036846197,0.0009870356,0.00028454236,0.0006403808,0.00042837646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013846594,0.00002641472,0.0007059018,0.00015000778,0.000010283091,0.000060173512,0.0000995871,0.00006517151,0.9949798,0.00010468747,0.000026468633,0.0036331154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009811565,0.00042424165,0.016161012,0.000036652742,0.000058266785,0.00028452845,0.00026225793,0.0007100937,0.97836727,0.0001408134,0.0035264823,0.000018555727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009672412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013400734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015986945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038255367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036048004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005348146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526173106","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.132","title":"Drinking Water Treatment in Submerged Hollow Fiber Microfiltration: Effect of Backwashing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Microfiltration; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Water treatment; Materials science; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010220983624256488,"score_gpt":0.23173827489484397,"score_spread":0.22151729127058747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526173106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99640805,0.00096488395,0.0012181478,0.000118852025,0.00008885702,0.000016461525,0.00006929861,0.00009153044,0.0010239478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957318,0.00066692557,0.0019672439,0.00008374735,0.000018973267,0.000008000954,0.000088132416,0.000036249137,0.0013989437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976546,0.000046749363,0.000015903395,0.000052592564,0.00004808954,0.000071342416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995896,0.0001845064,0.00004056861,0.000036326022,0.000096468175,0.0000525619],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031235843,0.0004960461,0.00058864383,0.0001274353,0.00034445018,0.00072773243,0.00036591289,0.00065397914,0.0018698517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052597927,0.00020051948,0.0004708677,0.00014422959,0.0003297067,0.00075015594,0.0002342459,0.0006273537,0.0003322357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020590168,0.00020127329,0.00028361514,0.00010677378,0.00001948815,0.00003336407,0.000065854234,0.00030421984,0.98921365,0.000039349583,0.00011388904,0.0075595267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016481104,0.0004506869,0.0006280257,0.0000060656616,0.000020833926,0.000010721453,0.000030604737,0.00091607147,0.99760926,0.000012751104,0.00029195685,0.0000065577124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004694657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0050436193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004694657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041979898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006086459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009334683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527218153","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.151","title":"Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of a Novel Multi-Stage Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Module","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Stage (stratigraphy); Computer science; Process engineering; Membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.028057292070465256,"score_gpt":0.27163125728973364,"score_spread":0.24357396521926838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2527218153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96244246,0.00049672974,0.033658788,0.00016468327,0.000061662715,0.00016976155,0.0004456278,0.000329313,0.0022310226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800639,0.00020076815,0.017749505,0.000027062555,0.000013749222,0.00008104089,0.00012800921,0.00001783505,0.0017181941],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996704,0.000027772205,0.000016968343,0.000090099755,0.00015431366,0.000040539013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997003,0.00008006842,0.000052211344,0.00005193632,0.00008691378,0.000028641341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045942696,0.00039084707,0.00048740394,0.00027597157,0.00040301945,0.0003723712,0.0010734812,0.0008228712,0.002216646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055940135,0.00023970607,0.00041582444,0.00026345224,0.00032989975,0.00078188186,0.00032952474,0.00044985887,0.0003860358],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023632866,0.00013107689,0.0006543824,0.00036856235,0.000011431949,0.00016678809,0.00008198953,0.0037107791,0.98764056,0.00075825385,0.00021253592,0.0060272776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002868393,0.00085978373,0.0020764682,0.000006091456,0.000019425313,0.00013188178,0.000027643793,0.023221176,0.9709482,0.00008555611,0.0025749176,0.000020090965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056419004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050705916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002216646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005276353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003657202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007415414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529022876","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.019","title":"Compact secondary treatment train combining a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor and enhanced flotation processes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"EnviroSim (Canada); Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal; Cégep de Saint-Laurent; WSP (Canada); Kemira (Canada)","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydraulic retention time; Effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Particulates; Anaerobic digestion; Sewage treatment; Biogas; Volatile suspended solids; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Biofilm; Methane","score_opus":0.05285912159643899,"score_gpt":0.3275298237611531,"score_spread":0.2746707021647141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529022876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8966562,0.0005527988,0.09678723,0.00012862796,0.00021302901,0.00045552582,0.00045686716,0.0020785788,0.0026710478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91178185,0.00030541836,0.07797903,0.00009823937,0.00010193975,0.00035213633,0.00070630095,0.000107007836,0.008568036],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995907,0.000034200795,0.000035115172,0.00010563893,0.00016852582,0.000065876375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997708,0.000036770598,0.00002787429,0.00003400776,0.000056825003,0.00007363709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058812933,0.0006904583,0.0014557185,0.0007498568,0.0007068561,0.00087859976,0.0013535949,0.00090914255,0.0034056327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025528081,0.0004184102,0.0010445436,0.00055350224,0.00025465048,0.0008294019,0.00096378423,0.00080429355,0.0014586451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042444974,0.00059730496,0.001030246,0.00013258647,0.0000213927,0.000040580224,0.00003194877,0.0016459791,0.96803856,0.0001412146,0.00036437315,0.027531382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000096640986,0.0033732997,0.00908755,0.000014289907,0.00012255798,0.00016010372,0.000041883537,0.032321177,0.9494531,0.00010739275,0.005174744,0.000047227964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013713522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022744439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034056327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056762807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000935967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011392951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529420703","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.002","title":"Variation of fermentation redox potential during cell-recycling continuous ethanol operation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Dilution; Industrial fermentation; Fermentation; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Ethanol; Aeration; Yeast; Ethanol fuel; Redox; Metabolite; Carbon fibers; Ethanol fermentation; Biofuel; Sugar; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Biotechnology; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Biology; Agronomy","score_opus":0.00592342094433223,"score_gpt":0.22399887326257073,"score_spread":0.2180754523182385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529420703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990878,0.00010967557,0.00044567633,0.000032592274,0.000010063729,0.0000044884205,0.000105770014,0.000015251674,0.00018883112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995639,0.000038353952,0.00015013672,0.000006923547,0.0000019477816,0.0000025319837,0.000057963127,0.000004383625,0.00017397424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998011,0.00002954938,0.0000112384,0.00004749278,0.000047073245,0.000063589214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997365,0.00011546776,0.000028810917,0.000020080335,0.00006472585,0.00003440834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032754868,0.00029460413,0.00038470095,0.00020363346,0.00033489775,0.0007784761,0.0003711515,0.0003847466,0.0010926905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007870458,0.00013946708,0.00020690466,0.0003289767,0.00027644687,0.00048170917,0.0002239771,0.00039710937,0.00019977636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0032783116,0.00011540327,0.0031781062,0.000040043364,0.000021136253,0.00014880583,0.00012356028,0.000502258,0.98713815,0.0000616985,0.0001059404,0.005286468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024719347,0.0005270097,0.0150751555,0.000005993057,0.000021698017,0.00006520231,0.00018939078,0.0055781323,0.9780984,0.00006022694,0.0003354339,0.00001869942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022153123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022402413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022153123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043435217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039481607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004404843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531011794","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.062","title":"Synthesis of thin film composite polyamide membranes: Effect of monohydric and polyhydric alcohol additives in aqueous solution","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Membrane; Aqueous solution; Polyamide; Permeation; Ethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Xylitol; Vinyl alcohol; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Pervaporation; Alcohol; Contact angle; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Monomer","score_opus":0.00802499764873447,"score_gpt":0.24206996400801828,"score_spread":0.23404496635928382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531011794","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98294455,0.0019394106,0.012655764,0.00009547525,0.00007777858,0.00007959746,0.00023723741,0.0001511431,0.0018190603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97569317,0.0013100418,0.020077987,0.000040745686,0.000018067449,0.0000791254,0.00027594075,0.000042325722,0.0024625112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998721,0.000014608171,0.00001580846,0.00003134329,0.00003468777,0.000031383548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983585,0.00003715093,0.000036770256,0.0000141786295,0.000048923106,0.00002714373],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023982242,0.00039519655,0.0003988139,0.00025506504,0.00026737625,0.00021933996,0.00024556255,0.0004368201,0.00088560657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002861267,0.00025114225,0.00040432942,0.00020873059,0.00011729097,0.0003770674,0.00015683827,0.0005932494,0.00026873767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042320054,0.000011292425,0.000016507294,0.00004776448,0.0000036663935,0.000018585917,0.000007692235,0.000059233906,0.9990355,0.000022529402,0.000008415678,0.0007264921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004246397,0.000041010546,0.00014687,0.0000018728988,0.000004872313,0.000014738839,0.0000031112017,0.00014263109,0.9993274,0.0000059114036,0.000305865,0.0000014938446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005408291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010571707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088560657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023609686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002867332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029626489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2532355695","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.059","title":"Novel indicators for thermodynamic prediction of interfacial interactions related with adhesive fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Adhesive; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Layer (electronics); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01061619792333212,"score_gpt":0.25248140822258625,"score_spread":0.24186521029925412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2532355695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96471846,0.00075043575,0.03344536,0.00005540555,0.000043014552,0.00003522591,0.00024596445,0.00017150366,0.00053467776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98921716,0.00023669282,0.009902062,0.000021859767,0.00001891015,0.00004578289,0.00012687342,0.0000145043505,0.00041610785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954706,0.00011111951,0.00002608675,0.000080146594,0.00020245487,0.000033139135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962044,0.00010802495,0.00007648553,0.000017139038,0.00013987454,0.00003802955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080928183,0.000516957,0.0005586176,0.0007710684,0.0002997515,0.00072899426,0.0004477019,0.0005971461,0.00026573325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007404912,0.00026510112,0.00027534342,0.00045613697,0.0002100074,0.00042285683,0.000361833,0.00058348227,0.00017289966],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055030495,0.0002218443,0.006976913,0.000070699476,0.00003441745,0.000033809716,0.000023984054,0.0021950076,0.9814305,0.00010921573,0.00007156275,0.008281691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001634209,0.00032910134,0.0057434128,0.0000036371264,0.000043387034,0.00004268954,0.00002630666,0.055542782,0.93796843,0.000052617557,0.00020798524,0.000023384642],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008288323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013166537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008288323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027599942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004279971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2536506222","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.020","title":"Modeling three-dimensional surface morphology of biocake layer in a membrane bioreactor based on fractal geometry","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fractal dimension; Fractal; Morphology (biology); Surface roughness; Membrane bioreactor; Materials science; Geometry; Surface (topology); Layer (electronics); Surface finish; Biological system; Surface layer; Membrane; Mathematics; Composite material; Chemistry; Mathematical analysis; Geology","score_opus":0.017438971004529253,"score_gpt":0.23662816432394435,"score_spread":0.21918919331941508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2536506222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8095616,0.00055087433,0.16990986,0.00038010493,0.00009654316,0.00007646099,0.00032076813,0.00032949625,0.018774347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869032,0.0002496235,0.009862022,0.0000329566,0.000011390116,0.000037728325,0.00008114188,0.000029337181,0.0027926553],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999899,0.00002103808,0.0000054002235,0.000023064684,0.0000312469,0.000020226296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997576,0.00011444449,0.00003952999,0.000023270328,0.000041032774,0.000024096542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018244435,0.00039365925,0.000392901,0.00031321903,0.00038728467,0.00080047897,0.00068790454,0.0015206995,0.0009604998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005149794,0.0003728941,0.00073333737,0.00033685885,0.00054315635,0.0005708938,0.00037454293,0.00033121865,0.00017642019],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026444282,0.000023131772,0.0007006867,0.000029307883,0.000013479589,0.0001666042,0.000037402508,0.98154956,0.013909992,0.0020815348,0.0000945464,0.001367341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003036148,0.00000815082,0.00024467133,0.000001594518,0.000002931056,0.000015379652,0.000008065568,0.9988514,0.0005814045,0.00019263756,0.00008561595,0.000005157633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009941608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004281846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009941608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008968436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005788115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019767463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541497114","doi":"10.2175/106143016x14609975747649","title":"Potential Water Reuse for High Strength Fruit and Vegetable Processor Wastewater with an MBR","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Kjeldahl method; Wastewater; Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Ultrafiltration (renal); Reuse; Biochemical oxygen demand; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater reuse; Sewage treatment; Nitrification; Chemical oxygen demand; Greywater; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.023746068488545664,"score_gpt":0.2668097953230405,"score_spread":0.24306372683449484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541497114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99821717,0.00019385149,0.0011648828,0.00004256854,0.0000037269758,0.000017077708,0.000032643722,0.000020717522,0.00030733878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954324,0.0002025243,0.003256256,0.000025532529,0.0000039233414,0.00001422831,0.0000807489,0.000013367139,0.00097118673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996618,0.00006106475,0.000025991154,0.000053440508,0.00013537098,0.00006232766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986875,0.00002827975,0.000030614552,0.000012863708,0.000038320377,0.000021149734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032416717,0.0004744706,0.0005955055,0.00039931323,0.00039350017,0.0007154761,0.00047276926,0.0007079388,0.0005226795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044322902,0.00014237128,0.00047383446,0.00030251706,0.00019148919,0.0004203469,0.000412794,0.0003341658,0.00025628362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064344684,0.000034835182,0.0005611636,0.000040955085,0.000004264017,0.000056102475,0.00002315757,0.00016382034,0.997056,0.000014744491,0.0000068285685,0.001973781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012021686,0.00094302266,0.004288141,0.0000048528573,0.00002156187,0.00015539832,0.00007394465,0.0013286658,0.9924678,0.00002993649,0.00066655787,0.000008054923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028787162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032898383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028787162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048595908,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043722874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057239532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2550045455","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.10.003","title":"Electrofiltration technique for water and wastewater treatment and bio-products management: A review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Wastewater; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Suspended solids; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Membrane technology; Water quality; Environmental science; Industrial wastewater treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01771895951387329,"score_gpt":0.26858948214736006,"score_spread":0.25087052263348675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2550045455","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00038698677,0.9985825,0.000260001,0.00010791422,0.00011752695,0.0000073980336,0.000021179407,0.0000060827647,0.00051045755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001569427,0.9972186,0.0004630112,0.000101281796,0.00010567558,0.0000063132916,0.000027947137,0.0000015926585,0.00050618034],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996468,0.0000387941,0.00006495067,0.00007410034,0.00014383082,0.000031492375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940884,0.00022133639,0.00016336485,0.000014620703,0.00016223721,0.000029561119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00079491787,0.001213043,0.0018956846,0.0037342173,0.00029980892,0.0010886991,0.0010409093,0.0011175638,0.0025407774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080546824,0.00043214613,0.0008712532,0.004410281,0.0004896389,0.0020013666,0.00077729154,0.0010380029,0.0010937471],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013862696,0.00023431313,0.00042868356,0.046156663,0.00032966805,0.00031466683,0.00007287509,0.0004548642,0.011596332,0.0015059802,0.01224797,0.92651933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045520927,0.00045463876,0.002290504,0.0048003583,0.00089206645,0.002416537,0.00014859639,0.00036767576,0.007858222,0.0011531072,0.97948337,0.00008934027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007259218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017790088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037342173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003550488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010882646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008499742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2550099664","doi":"10.1111/wej.12213","title":"Contaminated particle characteristics influence on membrane fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Polysulfone; Membrane; Dispersity; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sphericity; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.009793785669264537,"score_gpt":0.202006577838852,"score_spread":0.19221279216958748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2550099664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99748385,0.00019281628,0.001989148,0.000007063589,0.0000045708935,0.000007133628,0.000036552796,0.0000119997885,0.00026684834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933165,0.00010431099,0.0003869679,0.0000047445023,0.0000013514017,0.000002097122,0.000039222672,0.0000034157304,0.00012613472],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997197,0.000065806315,0.000021126421,0.000040999108,0.00011871396,0.00003370993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942267,0.00024405925,0.000120666315,0.00004796562,0.00013356493,0.00003112868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031815452,0.00027937043,0.00025065138,0.00023401665,0.00012267282,0.00046259587,0.00010852258,0.00033036587,0.00026257482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010163051,0.000140373,0.00031249126,0.00015311615,0.00017158873,0.0002338293,0.00016563809,0.00023271989,0.00011240515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021092819,0.000030271794,0.0067872955,0.00006876913,0.00003908658,0.0001637196,0.000039034094,0.0030901372,0.9861544,0.00007214163,0.000018866907,0.0033253867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004014213,0.00030351398,0.020167436,0.000003497548,0.00003361066,0.00015225765,0.000042424857,0.010174371,0.968745,0.00006410429,0.00029821234,0.0000115153625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010568147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056237343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010568147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022673314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012654527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021013021},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2551211618","doi":"10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741750","title":"Analog electric circuit representation of energy conversion by pressure retarded osmosis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Computer science; Reverse osmosis; Leakage (economics); Process (computing); Osmosis; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Membrane","score_opus":0.012462900028173426,"score_gpt":0.21958032117745332,"score_spread":0.2071174211492799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2551211618","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013042784,0.00036664086,0.94515204,0.0003268749,0.00023805525,0.000070595925,0.00025785854,0.0008849179,0.039660122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87881553,0.00090250163,0.08596346,0.00030707943,0.00014336767,0.0002272454,0.00025136798,0.0001351069,0.033254385],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989355,0.000018969748,0.0000057006846,0.000022275895,0.000048344533,0.000011070232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999013,0.000040317478,0.0000111511235,0.000013824247,0.000028289762,0.000005060821],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013983861,0.0005008078,0.0003407937,0.00030291392,0.00029465274,0.00078521157,0.0012439436,0.0008746881,0.007280664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004030139,0.00015899679,0.00041301028,0.00022624641,0.00037554116,0.001212317,0.00027838507,0.00065891154,0.00089205103],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010021932,0.00009064679,0.00038302463,0.00020354084,0.000030032867,0.0004213058,0.00012395183,0.73124,0.031013638,0.18813235,0.0027561171,0.045505174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013297643,0.000041285282,0.000058235684,0.000008473206,0.000008718704,0.00007826095,0.000009450282,0.9767984,0.002890132,0.013582164,0.0065041864,0.0000074813297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019621088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015827519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007280664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005239827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034964955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024356306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553868946","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2016.22147","title":"Recent Progresses in Preparation and Characterization of RO Membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Cellulose acetate; Reverse osmosis; Graphene; Bacterial cellulose; Cellulose triacetate; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Cellulose","score_opus":0.05778843600301206,"score_gpt":0.38554749294746327,"score_spread":0.3277590569444512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553868946","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08163984,0.8242243,0.0765586,0.0015768685,0.0008319921,0.0001805255,0.00045960306,0.00026445292,0.014263866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12190932,0.79679507,0.06673276,0.00083987304,0.0010992828,0.00023021681,0.001187225,0.00009736613,0.01110893],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926406,0.000108183725,0.00010199215,0.00023169059,0.00025147162,0.000042665924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921834,0.00019757972,0.00015298356,0.00007421934,0.00032884904,0.000028008682],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001578561,0.0008533327,0.00067626743,0.0013473763,0.00033164138,0.00056782336,0.0006035759,0.0006865217,0.0011093018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010325502,0.0002941548,0.00063856365,0.0013672431,0.0003549867,0.0016905811,0.0004791965,0.00079261384,0.00072803657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017478467,0.00025675507,0.0014291806,0.014397042,0.00015007546,0.00039893112,0.00043568012,0.0016985096,0.46913156,0.0035444656,0.0049043265,0.50347865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015478816,0.0007462138,0.005181991,0.00066992594,0.00023424462,0.0023867842,0.00032402255,0.0026841967,0.57145685,0.0014137448,0.41475534,0.00013118153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073492894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007559302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001578561,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044094468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005268282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008348286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559158076","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.045","title":"A novel continuous two-phase partitioning bioreactor operated with polymeric tubing: Performance validation for enhanced biological removal of toxic substrates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Substrate (aquarium); Chemistry; Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Chromatography; Polymer; Aqueous two-phase system; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Contamination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018244764379285835,"score_gpt":0.24759627967392533,"score_spread":0.22935151529463949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2559158076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768479,0.0005499985,0.02138997,0.0001543299,0.00004706352,0.00007429254,0.00023654701,0.000382199,0.00031777195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95925736,0.00056584383,0.03783775,0.00010119395,0.000028251587,0.00009386209,0.0003553853,0.00005820542,0.0017021021],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972934,0.00003981763,0.000021506277,0.000084237276,0.00009186042,0.000033226737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973685,0.000078532445,0.000043135027,0.00003138116,0.000067167544,0.00004286589],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000436376,0.00055666454,0.00044831814,0.00022806092,0.00044180642,0.0005157111,0.00087222044,0.00083353766,0.00040279573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038692888,0.00026070443,0.00031356444,0.0001831768,0.00029327133,0.00054645666,0.0003748837,0.0004724976,0.0004047351],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007493105,0.000035468347,0.00009566039,0.0000278157,0.0000026310006,0.000014191364,0.000008416649,0.00005823583,0.998247,0.0000110657975,0.000016638318,0.0014080075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016204074,0.00029755986,0.0007265397,0.0000023659936,0.000011673215,0.00007777184,0.0000070477995,0.0013225866,0.9970982,0.000007590771,0.00042562347,0.0000069107377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015157531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018091333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015157531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003994232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00069592486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030138493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560220198","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.006","title":"Effect of calcium ions on fouling properties of alginate solution and its mechanisms","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Calcium; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Fouling; Size-exclusion chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Calcium alginate; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer; Ion; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02135851116046476,"score_gpt":0.264327842166974,"score_spread":0.24296933100650928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560220198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964318,0.0017807237,0.0006972755,0.0000968514,0.00003628967,0.000014724416,0.00007266561,0.000014400551,0.0008551811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977881,0.0005679734,0.0005844064,0.000052190848,0.000009932028,0.000008049486,0.000044248452,0.000004430235,0.0009406025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997558,0.000038236183,0.000026124242,0.000039191487,0.0000509279,0.00008974135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995981,0.00016954944,0.00007114744,0.000029112214,0.00009049218,0.00004170446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031021985,0.00028593064,0.00021674813,0.00017443237,0.00022539958,0.00039992997,0.00037325066,0.0005669349,0.0010926239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007998804,0.00016354032,0.00036984624,0.00016242929,0.0003813375,0.0004305682,0.00017064955,0.00038509394,0.00014481087],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018128825,0.00004858945,0.00061925146,0.0001782718,0.000020081587,0.00010812989,0.00007157741,0.00016848362,0.9933409,0.0001920059,0.00007029882,0.0033693863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031385334,0.00016436304,0.0013645343,0.000005795187,0.00002471881,0.000053722993,0.000023905663,0.00066291005,0.9969324,0.000042197145,0.00068358367,0.000010475989],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020518417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015713777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020518417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036242005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033830147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004079759},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560625255","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22755","title":"How do ions enhance the transfer during nanofiltration of saccharides? Experimental assessment of the dehydration assumption","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Electrolyte; Chemistry; Dehydration; Mass transfer; Nanofiltration; Ion; Permeation; Membrane; Volume (thermodynamics); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.007788087874638669,"score_gpt":0.21223498482086564,"score_spread":0.20444689694622697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560625255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99500704,0.00061411393,0.0033896645,0.000064225685,0.00002428981,0.000050404153,0.00015971136,0.00003000567,0.000660444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963864,0.0007068806,0.0022794527,0.000038505365,0.000011019439,0.00004475079,0.00010729711,0.000017792368,0.00040792229],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996526,0.000081581165,0.000023289687,0.000056460165,0.00011007225,0.00007594677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999637,0.00017220447,0.00007553127,0.000019605255,0.00007400131,0.000021587162],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006690619,0.00047269216,0.00034904972,0.00015180907,0.00024679577,0.00036377122,0.0002825115,0.00048752126,0.0008021039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010785871,0.00018992937,0.000276795,0.00022703406,0.00037372668,0.00082038215,0.0003649481,0.00067713513,0.0001661731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006575835,0.000016159314,0.00013640868,0.00007466271,0.000004378431,0.000020188283,0.00004285712,0.00014494162,0.99887866,0.00002672068,0.000009749706,0.0005795804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043083132,0.0001681156,0.0008309439,0.0000061932715,0.000009224489,0.000012844155,0.000036701498,0.00078500144,0.99787295,0.000029710893,0.00023782943,0.000006189616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006531934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057803607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008021039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032179928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016664133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035383701},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563459173","doi":"10.1002/ente.201600703","title":"The Water–Energy Nexus: Solutions towards Energy‐Efficient Desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Water-energy nexus; Renewable energy; Energy consumption; Efficient energy use; Environmental science; Production (economics); Reverse osmosis; Environmental economics; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Nexus (standard); Process engineering; Engineering; Economics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009531220730236496,"score_gpt":0.21073740698463211,"score_spread":0.20120618625439562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563459173","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011947681,0.6940637,0.10064039,0.1314862,0.004499825,0.00010511968,0.00023560708,0.00037206974,0.056649487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.14176208,0.7556241,0.0728433,0.011132044,0.0026693575,0.0001920684,0.0002623447,0.00009792219,0.015416808],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925107,0.00016764684,0.00004397016,0.00010554374,0.00030840535,0.00012334948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999047,0.0003811236,0.0001248793,0.000045564324,0.00028926908,0.0001121364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020062306,0.00090297393,0.000820523,0.0011818638,0.00078791176,0.0029357374,0.0011985416,0.0037741456,0.007251825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012602282,0.00033063558,0.00058873306,0.0015675983,0.0017540376,0.0061261565,0.0033502071,0.004120899,0.0019551215],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093697185,0.00026168587,0.0006082615,0.0095497435,0.00018191981,0.0005500947,0.00040158335,0.013914534,0.02429766,0.39706543,0.07092995,0.48214537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024846855,0.00014572659,0.00054450386,0.0017217661,0.00005193168,0.00030958393,0.0010468861,0.007026558,0.008112628,0.2587923,0.7221659,0.000057427456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009286016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001519365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007251825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015774906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030609493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024259806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2564724251","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.025","title":"Forward osmosis as an approach to manage oil sands tailings water and on-site basal depressurization water","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Tailings; Fouling; Cabin pressurization; Forward osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Desalination; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009545076214808369,"score_gpt":0.22447955801293765,"score_spread":0.21493448179812927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2564724251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95102787,0.00038124184,0.037138756,0.00056209695,0.000111150664,0.0002266933,0.00020888129,0.0004895653,0.009853797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9713519,0.00039847227,0.020307856,0.00007399273,0.0000105037325,0.00002514347,0.000095597126,0.000017099392,0.007719335],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998511,0.000013562827,0.0000075968474,0.000029222907,0.00006958464,0.000028808643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988675,0.000009613609,0.00001901809,0.000009682746,0.00005141529,0.000023518276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001945002,0.00027745607,0.00019147858,0.0004608068,0.0008227598,0.0007048965,0.00055275887,0.00039895115,0.0011468509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013710458,0.00013291641,0.00031891646,0.00028725364,0.0003365494,0.00066626596,0.0005673803,0.0005664312,0.0003396217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032235906,0.0003961654,0.02056809,0.00019042562,0.000042212225,0.00043883704,0.000277818,0.010713818,0.82527983,0.0019215274,0.0014122797,0.13843659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007540133,0.0012675064,0.023570066,0.00006276479,0.00013194834,0.0005825677,0.0016774191,0.052716773,0.8932979,0.0016319905,0.024913957,0.00007174838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011708007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.040263023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011708007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009878182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019569574,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023279727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565564190","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22731","title":"Experimental characterization of new wire gauze with high capacity structured packing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Structured packing; Pressure drop; Materials science; Mass transfer; Atomic packing factor; Distillation; Sphere packing; Porosity; Drop (telecommunication); Process engineering; Composite material; Chromatography; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008635068768669393,"score_gpt":0.17461923086651684,"score_spread":0.16598416209784744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2565564190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897737,0.00034698786,0.008622931,0.000027032129,0.00003378433,0.00006036474,0.00025256682,0.000101392674,0.00078133465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758164,0.00037554844,0.021595811,0.000035746758,0.000009812581,0.00006307413,0.00041005836,0.000039705763,0.0016538556],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996842,0.000041861436,0.000023198427,0.00007859806,0.00013462896,0.000037458773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971277,0.0000659352,0.000055641427,0.00005103155,0.00009550229,0.000019134004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003041,0.00039532015,0.0003236916,0.00037967364,0.0002574842,0.00030334597,0.0003679677,0.00066351646,0.001011724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061241334,0.00020400134,0.00019798626,0.0004720026,0.000339623,0.0005064498,0.00022431945,0.00031035504,0.00045453946],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014532678,0.000062101964,0.00040145763,0.00013884739,0.000007917395,0.00017585885,0.0000631571,0.0009508956,0.99279,0.00020276874,0.00012091443,0.004940717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001834793,0.0006633223,0.0027446472,0.000012537786,0.000018565801,0.00013811605,0.00007282565,0.0037806428,0.9906641,0.000053805605,0.001815432,0.0000176956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038411882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072455406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001011724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012995323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033845901},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2569155530","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.12.013","title":"Reverse osmosis applied to soil remediation wastewater: Comparison between bench-scale and pilot-scale results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; EnGlobe (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Context (archaeology); Fouling; Wastewater; Reuse; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Geology; Contamination","score_opus":0.01742208964174317,"score_gpt":0.24588916733018998,"score_spread":0.22846707768844682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2569155530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996443,0.00038128113,0.0016071697,0.00004732532,0.000027023256,0.000045983106,0.0002465472,0.000045194196,0.0011564407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960819,0.00070147123,0.0017328687,0.000020418738,0.000010443402,0.000021578706,0.00030528594,0.000016606904,0.0011094543],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996278,0.00009066221,0.00003819441,0.000058256293,0.00012935094,0.00005567242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951684,0.00015945306,0.000034388708,0.000051581883,0.00020571727,0.000031973417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051631953,0.00034080035,0.00062438246,0.0003029757,0.0004056921,0.00060258526,0.0002918285,0.0005015848,0.0012151963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089919666,0.00011138394,0.00056929904,0.00043869604,0.00029785253,0.000484579,0.00027710237,0.0004047806,0.00036174813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047266934,0.00023908756,0.0011928021,0.0001445478,0.000025904428,0.00005689235,0.00006812514,0.00027121743,0.9890659,0.000028746746,0.00006701837,0.008366978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029003157,0.0014698345,0.010328538,0.0000075632347,0.000066264656,0.00008164213,0.00014496919,0.0008227261,0.98602146,0.000028848703,0.0009849775,0.000014137666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038102325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039003359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038102325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034607112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036112912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007576108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2570980610","doi":"10.3390/polym9010010","title":"Pentynyl Ether of β-Cyclodextrin Polymer and Silica Micro-Particles: A New Hybrid Material for Adsorption of Phenanthrene from Water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Konkuk University; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Phenanthrene; Thermogravimetric analysis; Polymer; Cyclodextrin; Adsorption; Chemistry; Polymerization; Aqueous solution; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01710718272310979,"score_gpt":0.2516473462036191,"score_spread":0.23454016348050932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2570980610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9807717,0.0022045516,0.014870559,0.00006985654,0.00004801262,0.000060778773,0.00011648105,0.00011944761,0.0017385453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97967076,0.0009800504,0.015235583,0.000087729466,0.000016962424,0.00006645493,0.00019488092,0.000024599984,0.003723048],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989486,0.00001129464,0.000007784346,0.00003444153,0.000034161516,0.000017396222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993813,0.000016929982,0.000015277208,0.0000057728785,0.000009724704,0.000014171171],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011017253,0.00037000634,0.0002151762,0.00026860856,0.00012090682,0.00022657562,0.00018821046,0.00038603396,0.00060601765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000111305584,0.00022561113,0.0002701588,0.00014110625,0.00016401647,0.00033019553,0.00026842448,0.00027342275,0.00041442786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001928041,0.000010882331,0.000068970054,0.00003076998,0.0000055876953,0.000023370447,0.0000051500474,0.00005255443,0.9984596,0.00003372837,0.000011002694,0.0012791731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006649454,0.00015057327,0.0016184939,0.0000029170071,0.000014463823,0.00018108725,0.000009091344,0.00056816597,0.99571854,0.000019251696,0.0017046549,0.000006074691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002481009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006161054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060601765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017702815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010633869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020273924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2578602722","doi":"10.1002/aic.15646","title":"Investigation of CO<sub>2</sub> removal by immobilized carbonic anhydrase enzyme in a hollow‐fiber membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Countercurrent exchange; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Hollow fiber membrane; Chromatography; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Mass transfer; Membrane bioreactor; Immobilized enzyme; Fiber; Dispersion (optics); Organic chemistry; Enzyme; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018120405990785862,"score_gpt":0.2525541201786771,"score_spread":0.23443371418789127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2578602722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963406,0.000279647,0.003018728,0.000045570476,0.0000074600202,0.000011421002,0.000061719504,0.000033925193,0.00020086514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962535,0.00038568105,0.002984613,0.000019048746,0.0000048911193,0.000013934926,0.000061484774,0.000007445751,0.00026936678],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998696,0.000014383728,0.000007280537,0.000031967378,0.00005219803,0.000024538818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998925,0.000034805984,0.00002254028,0.0000070648407,0.000031649106,0.000011381222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024587955,0.00033132537,0.0005666547,0.00010052526,0.00019977198,0.0003565494,0.0003039455,0.00046501934,0.00019270132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022598618,0.00016117423,0.00036364954,0.00011864668,0.00029504683,0.00034752712,0.0001418308,0.00035443652,0.00011699406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031131298,0.00001546001,0.00014069676,0.000018679377,0.0000034943873,0.000019488194,0.000005956995,0.00023151998,0.9991455,0.000019142342,0.0000072239995,0.0003617643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062191866,0.0001577532,0.0017230929,0.0000019193683,0.000010873951,0.000026930928,0.000015800892,0.009948203,0.9879291,0.000012907005,0.00016234163,0.0000048373577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038532047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031218063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038532047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068742846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003318435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0076615214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579123921","doi":"10.3390/membranes7010004","title":"Colloidal Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes: Development of a Standard Operating Procedure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Concentration polarization; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Compaction; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02225038322490759,"score_gpt":0.2725563588243439,"score_spread":0.25030597559943635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579123921","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1273565,0.0023394767,0.8497892,0.0004566986,0.0003072572,0.00947194,0.00369147,0.0036556674,0.0029317944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1018968,0.0038785415,0.86456555,0.0003584633,0.00017793034,0.01993393,0.0048151235,0.0007794223,0.0035942178],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98772717,0.0024961506,0.00186497,0.0012493853,0.0062650074,0.00039730436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99507964,0.0008038569,0.0005061695,0.0015095406,0.0019624722,0.00013834928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009070295,0.0014985101,0.0014499355,0.0020076125,0.002214702,0.0009641254,0.0022176418,0.0022308498,0.001296555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00799208,0.0008421856,0.0012060478,0.0015505295,0.0015188341,0.0011710107,0.0016438757,0.0024278066,0.0025941222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016724855,0.0001782997,0.0004132605,0.0006202586,0.00003153594,0.000102695674,0.00022575678,0.00043851664,0.97841734,0.0009318149,0.0007171779,0.017756004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024492108,0.00040609346,0.00144885,0.0000757393,0.000029897868,0.000247505,0.000050143764,0.0016213364,0.9847099,0.00030682172,0.011027006,0.00005215176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012702037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018719655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009070295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008646762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026783566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.047968864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579955885","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2017.004","title":"Sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating prehydrolysis liquor (PHL): correlation of cATP™ with performance parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Volatile suspended solids; Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Biodegradation; Biomass (ecology); Correlation coefficient; Chromatography; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Computer science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.10872342581673104,"score_gpt":0.34933201073426445,"score_spread":0.2406085849175334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579955885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957871,0.0006999781,0.0030094804,0.00003296433,0.0000071634663,0.000009954399,0.0002071884,0.00003827811,0.00020789538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99618846,0.00037865224,0.00255371,0.000023969884,0.0000045281713,0.000017259657,0.00039817728,0.0000056922063,0.0004295601],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995351,0.00006750265,0.000039783255,0.000098336495,0.0002212455,0.000037987444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994941,0.00013448557,0.00015771357,0.000026024267,0.00014457286,0.000043135205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006208281,0.00057213666,0.00062687555,0.0003606339,0.00014482315,0.00044599894,0.00022708255,0.00042985805,0.00024746894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065653614,0.00021748635,0.00031918715,0.00059234793,0.00016836259,0.00032017156,0.00020418112,0.0003920829,0.0002742789],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015868622,0.000042436495,0.0067519196,0.000051220166,0.00001757702,0.000020590913,0.000017771903,0.00024319136,0.9902,0.000005847912,0.000013491069,0.0024772093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008671866,0.00085645297,0.062206767,0.000008595328,0.000054654593,0.00017423376,0.000059624777,0.0040908977,0.93214667,0.00002327006,0.00035383835,0.000016268794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023029735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027157203,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023029735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043281133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003590752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004579067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579993043","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.053","title":"Integrated pyrolucite fluidized bed-membrane hybrid process for improved iron and manganese control in drinking water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Manganese; Fouling; Humic acid; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Ceramic membrane; Water treatment; Filter cake; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03876457276172998,"score_gpt":0.33354400271613954,"score_spread":0.29477942995440953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579993043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98402125,0.0004265853,0.0141133815,0.000053140884,0.000030816005,0.000016271293,0.0000712199,0.00014649013,0.0011208862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98942995,0.00020171837,0.007945607,0.000016906126,0.0000052617193,0.000015145668,0.00007283265,0.000011967107,0.0023006292],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998995,0.000011376375,0.000004606771,0.000026263351,0.00003768946,0.000020487536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999728,0.0000039636902,0.0000056093672,0.000002944461,0.000009120388,0.00000547858],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014073984,0.00023942055,0.00023418762,0.00019557135,0.00016673113,0.00034617423,0.00040192026,0.00036584228,0.0005560539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006904232,0.00014915502,0.00030153317,0.00014162525,0.00013146683,0.00035106036,0.00026589137,0.00036175194,0.00019663434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000090305286,0.00005473637,0.0001341331,0.00003540752,0.0000083126615,0.00002586621,0.00001197946,0.00046136865,0.9955681,0.00017742094,0.000037972528,0.0033944475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009954504,0.000108437234,0.00043749143,0.000001678892,0.000010224143,0.000026171932,0.0000101586065,0.0058786357,0.9926583,0.000032539454,0.00082102785,0.000005420693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011328544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022512528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011328544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039614443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032914046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028742552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587116725","doi":"10.5006/c2013-02710","title":"Effect of Biodiesel Addition on Microbial Population in Diesel Storage Tanks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiesel; Diesel fuel; Waste management; Storage tank; Population; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.005398820848320409,"score_gpt":0.2228849977819217,"score_spread":0.21748617693360128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587116725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99903595,0.00021735171,0.00012261975,0.000018151402,0.000008863091,0.000009009174,0.00019188064,0.000005647408,0.0003905155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976655,0.00026197816,0.00067432574,0.000019290648,0.0000041034614,0.000014896469,0.00024707578,0.0000046471973,0.001108156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997243,0.000044193243,0.000038479113,0.00006573029,0.00007217167,0.00005499193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995415,0.00017636552,0.00007158123,0.000019537276,0.00011575856,0.0000752454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020362646,0.0003279449,0.00036849407,0.00027135297,0.00020296528,0.00056635693,0.00018545265,0.0002907845,0.0012834785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044984408,0.0001604788,0.00026610593,0.00028471657,0.00016888384,0.00027147768,0.00028256993,0.0004298095,0.0001784446],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006983475,0.0001543889,0.0029258945,0.00009874474,0.00001738549,0.000071511044,0.000090780464,0.00029932667,0.9927779,0.000017081416,0.00002859347,0.002820094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011238812,0.0022929152,0.019647358,0.000017855004,0.000035918645,0.00005094748,0.0003068011,0.0009200839,0.9761644,0.0000150402375,0.00052303943,0.000014295736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030676837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041259686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030676837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022922459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002313511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060996413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587190162","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000113","title":"Formation Mechanism and Performance of Dynamic Membrane Technology for Municipal Wastewater Treatment - A Review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Recycling & Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane technology; Wastewater; Fouling; Process engineering; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.021019327350158233,"score_gpt":0.317472517005212,"score_spread":0.2964531896550538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587190162","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005162416,0.9986523,0.00006305548,0.00007670715,0.000032718675,0.000005045575,0.000019592106,0.0000020630678,0.00063239096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029270179,0.99657613,0.00010232433,0.000048300863,0.000022000428,0.0000042409424,0.000022669074,7.638593e-7,0.00029644635],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960643,0.000059162387,0.00007259651,0.00006771619,0.00015561236,0.000038552036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946636,0.0002151653,0.00012891211,0.000014905947,0.00015351688,0.000021222508],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009872189,0.0009222926,0.0013293194,0.0030869818,0.00043697667,0.0012190796,0.0009148943,0.0009792108,0.0017929998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009906646,0.00042216646,0.00089279166,0.003603709,0.0004408409,0.001308789,0.00056300627,0.0006974091,0.00062726456],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012868053,0.00014378272,0.0008182175,0.15979002,0.0004864114,0.000439488,0.00030667303,0.0014554844,0.011104261,0.004771676,0.012027914,0.8085274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002466579,0.0005157864,0.0051840604,0.015672619,0.0012655144,0.0015069796,0.0003905765,0.0004062455,0.008795867,0.0014095621,0.96475405,0.00007401357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007881366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013866961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007881366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010650007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027653896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015671015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587192478","doi":"","title":"The performance of specific membranes in membrane bioreactors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Atrium (University of Guelph)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01631715192218012,"score_gpt":0.20229835018214673,"score_spread":0.18598119825996662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587192478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98639697,0.004641199,0.005472196,0.0003820487,0.0001025705,0.000047312576,0.00039261437,0.00007383481,0.0024913403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916169,0.002513953,0.0029820835,0.00008224697,0.000014129465,0.000025007235,0.0003637971,0.000018635017,0.002383102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999253,0.00017360625,0.00006515632,0.000105540516,0.00025614875,0.0001465401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951875,0.0001705004,0.00005753508,0.000034365006,0.0001755361,0.000043301385],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010429875,0.00042665176,0.0005182612,0.00027125105,0.0006416393,0.0011721953,0.00045810064,0.00084385363,0.0006825296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012037371,0.0001562749,0.0006089227,0.00035146088,0.00026421342,0.0009822105,0.00061361253,0.0006575154,0.0007658617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015918221,0.000025729247,0.00033416046,0.00014037293,0.000017290378,0.000027354392,0.000070776994,0.00042083513,0.99419796,0.00016360503,0.0000956959,0.0043470995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025971176,0.00017010886,0.0008391286,0.000012019698,0.000015946522,0.000037874594,0.00007222191,0.00095233787,0.99667776,0.000052412488,0.0011606066,0.0000069338616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031587186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033229033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031587186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010308434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005645862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0074793696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587875769","doi":"10.2166/ws.2017.016","title":"Biologically active ion exchange (BIEX) for NOM removal and membrane fouling prevention","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Water treatment; Ion exchange; Natural organic matter; Chromatography; Organic matter; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.022890536604656724,"score_gpt":0.2741668204754763,"score_spread":0.2512762838708196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587875769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9529216,0.012315614,0.029025743,0.00024389857,0.00018940536,0.00013927555,0.00027136807,0.00028133014,0.0046117357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96854657,0.0029097835,0.022001857,0.00011278147,0.000026358834,0.000068437126,0.00029254626,0.000023157978,0.0060185203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968433,0.00006709021,0.000021719998,0.00005410664,0.0001196083,0.000053139735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998642,0.0000262465,0.00003741981,0.000009838778,0.00003322618,0.000028946195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036273996,0.0005562042,0.00034092317,0.00040572076,0.00035520914,0.00055852276,0.00025163576,0.0005556671,0.00072196446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024311044,0.00014455963,0.00036365786,0.00026420786,0.00018484677,0.00041735717,0.00046437368,0.00048370336,0.00041942953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004404653,0.00002035315,0.00008374265,0.000055784632,0.0000047238786,0.000013202773,0.0000061503556,0.000037275644,0.9976586,0.000042121945,0.000021189617,0.0020127909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000048088846,0.0002244685,0.0013115865,0.0000049525056,0.000015536658,0.00012212979,0.000012626684,0.00034911322,0.99552333,0.000027558997,0.0023971365,0.0000066954885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005620391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092243415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00072196446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002943043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023873306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024151802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2589533743","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.079","title":"Surface modification of thin film composite membrane by nanoporous titanate nanoparticles for improving combined organic and inorganic antifouling properties","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Fouling; Nanofiltration; Nanoporous; Nanoparticle; Zeta potential; Interfacial polymerization; Contact angle; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.013908497031044673,"score_gpt":0.21211605013115112,"score_spread":0.19820755310010646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2589533743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945748,0.0005162731,0.0036410955,0.00006631832,0.0000415638,0.000010539074,0.000047839407,0.00007928539,0.0010222335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957152,0.00028102726,0.00238775,0.000031769712,0.000009088669,0.000011895727,0.00006323261,0.000015896077,0.0014840405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991,0.0000071235618,0.000006494767,0.000020360094,0.000030234612,0.000025753458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999434,0.000009973103,0.0000126010045,0.00000495313,0.000019659314,0.000009375066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010970059,0.00025988396,0.00021169755,0.00021247123,0.00018796511,0.00020310639,0.00025479108,0.00045803885,0.0006188859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012897256,0.00020290473,0.0004051311,0.00010347778,0.00013013826,0.00025539257,0.00014271245,0.00033098029,0.00021227219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014979218,0.0000045580978,0.00001752608,0.000011590751,0.0000024315002,0.000010829144,0.0000033896952,0.00003564378,0.99958616,0.000017200608,0.00001119173,0.00028457283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020777582,0.00002781866,0.00022943284,6.482179e-7,0.000005930859,0.000021232621,0.0000036679455,0.0007069368,0.9988123,0.000006426373,0.00018187925,0.0000017568709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006343355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009981984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006343355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021706788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016894472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020703673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2589563911","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2017.154","title":"Biological filtration with and without prior in-line coagulation to reduce UF fouling by secondary effluent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Biofilter; Effluent; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Membrane fouling; Anthracite; Turbidity; Coagulation; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Coal","score_opus":0.02636677823854435,"score_gpt":0.2872878611188396,"score_spread":0.26092108288029525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2589563911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955723,0.0005615619,0.0031696812,0.000030203151,0.000024692315,0.000024750383,0.000043821572,0.00003691776,0.00053591456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941414,0.00041463415,0.0041926675,0.000038986524,0.000012412131,0.000013124535,0.0000951913,0.000012050644,0.0010794682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997392,0.000053324195,0.000016513519,0.000041669402,0.00009260618,0.000056592176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998498,0.00003015194,0.000048596186,0.000013612802,0.00003443079,0.000023323222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024685694,0.00043923958,0.00048031737,0.00017497141,0.00022541161,0.0004910064,0.00028786037,0.00037419135,0.0008178486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033136836,0.00010332297,0.00037997944,0.00015178071,0.00018185558,0.00023826872,0.00019920572,0.00038260088,0.00016691677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006773568,0.00005989723,0.00018622812,0.00004289783,0.000005751211,0.000009461441,0.000009505014,0.000056405996,0.99800414,0.000010251655,0.000014182351,0.0015336877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070347223,0.00057576824,0.0039425236,0.0000040565137,0.000020278449,0.00006786347,0.000011234627,0.00042330337,0.99431926,0.000008286178,0.00061603903,0.000004402091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026500546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028925708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026500546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003841392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029937248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005269289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591409729","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2017.1297490","title":"The effect of contaminated particle sphericity and size on membrane fouling in cross flow ultrafiltration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Particle size; Polysulfone; Chromatography; Dispersity; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Ammonium bromide; Particle (ecology); Sphericity; Materials science; Pulmonary surfactant; Composite material; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.0052646307681792626,"score_gpt":0.24204698428200305,"score_spread":0.2367823535138238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591409729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99400973,0.00027248863,0.005362351,0.000018117491,0.0000065388385,0.000011579944,0.000028136326,0.000022872227,0.0002683273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985525,0.00020948958,0.0010909392,0.0000069115304,0.0000028102877,0.0000036935003,0.000021440317,0.000004065827,0.0001080603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954,0.00012896402,0.000032396347,0.00007340529,0.00018461868,0.000040703435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980724,0.0011043791,0.00038534196,0.00015168967,0.00023781232,0.00004829718],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007900903,0.00033576536,0.00033476079,0.00021314164,0.00015521841,0.00045399816,0.0001676,0.00038823168,0.00013254101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023467625,0.00019819818,0.00043199374,0.00013494413,0.00029061487,0.0004970602,0.000232211,0.00023899678,0.000071644594],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032574535,0.00009430667,0.013383512,0.00015602073,0.000058338675,0.00036290876,0.00012057463,0.021765536,0.952794,0.00025900756,0.00004218725,0.010637875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007702894,0.00068631425,0.034106016,0.000007758484,0.000049432772,0.0002148509,0.000058145637,0.045977328,0.9184466,0.00015926034,0.00026539326,0.000021382835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001478202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011649344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001478202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038140168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002122562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041784644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591834698","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.033","title":"Quantitative evaluation of the interfacial interactions between a randomly rough sludge floc and membrane surface in a membrane bioreactor based on fractal geometry","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Fractal; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Surface roughness; Bioreactor; Particle (ecology); Fractal dimension; Surface finish; Surface (topology); Particle size; Fouling; Biological system; Mechanics; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Geometry; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Geology","score_opus":0.04272264996833526,"score_gpt":0.3208387760895248,"score_spread":0.2781161261211896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591834698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916289,0.00021863663,0.007689128,0.000012013953,0.0000058032056,0.0000079630645,0.000027594051,0.000035802517,0.0003742996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975266,0.00007472496,0.0022185326,0.0000048204183,0.0000031176965,0.000005605184,0.000027693175,0.0000048518073,0.00013410133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998209,0.000032602573,0.000007025817,0.000027235636,0.00008874485,0.000023530118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994667,0.0002377114,0.00010273334,0.000027480115,0.000110911446,0.000054523447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002901235,0.0002382428,0.0002802906,0.0006145824,0.00021256608,0.00031396977,0.0001811994,0.00035607046,0.00026539952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004980685,0.0001460343,0.00022950211,0.0002796105,0.0002999236,0.00028079184,0.00021376483,0.0002147372,0.000059009228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012508039,0.000021530026,0.0010590656,0.000038740043,0.00001400319,0.000058260608,0.000022416847,0.005610929,0.9907933,0.00018321966,0.000020163536,0.002053256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023056558,0.00049382076,0.028530652,0.0000063348302,0.000065052845,0.00022052073,0.00007755045,0.24089542,0.72904325,0.00020769039,0.0003909593,0.00004562644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050915213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004116842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006145824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039985756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101746096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029011965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592173300","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.005","title":"Membrane fouling control in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) using granular materials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Aeration; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Granule (geology); Membrane; Biofouling; Microfiltration; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.07219290706934106,"score_gpt":0.3376637082411119,"score_spread":0.26547080117177085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2592173300","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008911701,0.9976532,0.00052334106,0.0000805771,0.00010245416,0.000005894537,0.000017668866,0.000008769359,0.00071690924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004079635,0.9942871,0.00062023423,0.00008444119,0.000084112864,0.000008516643,0.000037766382,0.0000018474192,0.00079633656],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998068,0.000014973126,0.000025833962,0.000040246712,0.00009056263,0.000021585083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998485,0.000050332423,0.00004359441,0.0000061753763,0.000039977018,0.000011434596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037883196,0.0009390805,0.0012660917,0.0014874083,0.00019554918,0.00083550136,0.00074813777,0.00081966067,0.0007696691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035341486,0.00027075963,0.00046677463,0.0018354817,0.00032055826,0.00096245826,0.00053904427,0.0008750211,0.00060096727],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009719845,0.00010581728,0.00020726456,0.024892017,0.00012436899,0.000254502,0.000039486764,0.0006125336,0.03255078,0.0022484176,0.005307534,0.93356013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003647009,0.00040316908,0.0025112028,0.0039520958,0.00057065417,0.0021088077,0.00010017036,0.0007200782,0.043752804,0.002193907,0.94356215,0.000088359404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084693887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00116179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014874083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003532791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054228655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025748014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592454446","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.065","title":"Operation of passive membrane systems for drinking water treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Sparging; Ultrafiltration (renal); Water treatment; Air sparging; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.10243417838000113,"score_gpt":0.3704708874100217,"score_spread":0.2680367090300206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2592454446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9521075,0.003564488,0.039568,0.00063879567,0.00014881474,0.00006283935,0.00029165536,0.0002791756,0.0033387195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98646563,0.0018270344,0.007452203,0.00006868497,0.000035435452,0.000035055535,0.0002661319,0.000037168666,0.0038127452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998461,0.000029589908,0.000008739339,0.000028165503,0.000059460668,0.000027947115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990237,0.000031006202,0.000011079244,0.000011219297,0.000034121593,0.000010206269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037610577,0.0003128955,0.00031915063,0.00017778904,0.00036161693,0.0006080513,0.00047517827,0.00046349628,0.0012892847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034624274,0.00014615424,0.00026958424,0.00017959818,0.00022765486,0.0010844598,0.00037771135,0.00048852654,0.000567709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013220834,0.000027085349,0.00011715089,0.00007888133,0.0000036265756,0.000011986507,0.0000233895,0.00011781012,0.9939028,0.00039216093,0.000107182364,0.0050856904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014016392,0.00015947637,0.00037929387,0.0000046926025,0.000007863136,0.00003561502,0.000022915143,0.00208923,0.99391174,0.000241022,0.0031298,0.0000044990593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061902485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005276657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012892847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035680324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039969845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0043130517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2594902287","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.0143","title":"Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion using a 0.04-μm silicon carbide membrane: Taguchi experimental design approach","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Taguchi methods; Silicon carbide; Emulsion; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.04779412572168727,"score_gpt":0.28510354838122887,"score_spread":0.23730942265954158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2594902287","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6658116,0.0019496005,0.32894024,0.00006561782,0.00007327266,0.0013567957,0.00052930857,0.00019087018,0.0010827902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6649882,0.0013235168,0.33021772,0.000053507338,0.000011927505,0.0019912787,0.0003156951,0.000024842959,0.0010733643],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998422,0.00064455735,0.00023744322,0.00014811705,0.00044453784,0.00010330222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912244,0.00040809502,0.00020853544,0.00004372599,0.00018938449,0.00002785725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004335261,0.0011019155,0.0013556773,0.0008025633,0.00035136173,0.00093362597,0.0007406507,0.0007625917,0.0005053402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013676924,0.00048049344,0.0016430136,0.000756873,0.0003453044,0.0002743367,0.0003372295,0.0006600268,0.00015533005],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006419404,0.0008186359,0.0011597951,0.001178557,0.00014217541,0.000043747295,0.00011126501,0.027796354,0.9450256,0.0006007632,0.000069340276,0.02241187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001175649,0.0062149023,0.0032524515,0.00004882906,0.00019389518,0.000041737436,0.000066884524,0.107822895,0.88055843,0.00027512579,0.001340151,0.00006719722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019276317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029053008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004335261,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008690229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011861416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022927284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2595369245","doi":"10.3390/polym9030110","title":"Preparation of Microporous Polypropylene/Titanium Dioxide Composite Membranes with Enhanced Electrolyte Uptake Capability via Melt Extruding and Stretching","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Crystallinity; Membrane; Polypropylene; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Composite number; Electrolyte; Titanium dioxide; Differential scanning calorimetry; Lamellar structure; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008341060118710636,"score_gpt":0.25537643254300724,"score_spread":0.2470353724242966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2595369245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9619757,0.0019906864,0.03368862,0.00013524022,0.000074437005,0.000110636356,0.00029160114,0.00024388873,0.0014891577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9544049,0.0016049959,0.041385222,0.000057739366,0.00003451736,0.00010292193,0.0003186265,0.00004737333,0.002043844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998826,0.000008538214,0.000013074179,0.000027291397,0.000043794244,0.000024763296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990416,0.000017851778,0.000030020958,0.000009230431,0.000023722681,0.000014949299],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019186037,0.00038616813,0.00027204436,0.0002971395,0.0001984058,0.00023518201,0.0003076709,0.00047923625,0.00038622704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001969663,0.0002548754,0.0004193444,0.00021158333,0.00014110815,0.00063302886,0.00022576845,0.0005083595,0.00023980366],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009743066,0.0000048449224,0.00001983395,0.000028102462,0.000002580117,0.000020928597,0.0000067341143,0.000048662907,0.99894303,0.000027351593,0.000007772072,0.0008804561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037466023,0.000046761368,0.00040077898,0.000001370507,0.000008405724,0.00005195502,0.0000060674092,0.00047117926,0.9983822,0.000011553452,0.00061172165,0.0000043131645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036320242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009207171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047923625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024015582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022038077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017424822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600716474","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.6b00780","title":"Chemical Modeling of the TMA–CO<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O System: A Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis for Process Water Recovery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Process (computing); Osmosis; Process engineering; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Computer science; Engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.021805417760092476,"score_gpt":0.24953746241119343,"score_spread":0.22773204465110095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600716474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8317821,0.0012573501,0.112995066,0.0014514747,0.00014437073,0.0003053722,0.0026915958,0.00046589706,0.048906777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97622335,0.00087889837,0.012398361,0.000117926254,0.000018628523,0.00027060503,0.00044281452,0.00006735827,0.0095820725],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999273,0.000010878515,0.0000032229962,0.000015691183,0.000027847722,0.000015022648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998765,0.000054244305,0.000018869467,0.0000072307876,0.000032843778,0.000010261303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016727622,0.00043725563,0.00044730393,0.00028044163,0.0004955733,0.0006226381,0.000696089,0.0017096528,0.0028114282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034510053,0.0003025618,0.0005408827,0.0003379783,0.00041650422,0.00062170764,0.00033974167,0.00042100062,0.0004902474],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010948215,0.000059065755,0.0017386196,0.00017328234,0.000022682123,0.00024871549,0.00007955999,0.9382358,0.05031904,0.00523379,0.0005243419,0.0032555715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000086520295,0.000020760346,0.00036208483,0.0000045584293,0.0000053830045,0.000020603484,0.000021240203,0.99482757,0.003471757,0.00033840758,0.0009132302,0.0000057361594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012696519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007885409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012696519,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008526999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010072639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02524519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603424135","doi":"","title":"Energy Consumption Related to Shear Stress For Membrane Bioreactors Used For Wastewater Treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Energy consumption; Shear stress; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Shear (geology); Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.024777285785300873,"score_gpt":0.22865007813151284,"score_spread":0.20387279234621197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603424135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98312193,0.003672169,0.010419934,0.00023835935,0.00011109121,0.000035483255,0.00094817637,0.00012088164,0.0013319644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991347,0.0018377281,0.0034209425,0.00004067071,0.000014545134,0.00005547762,0.000995836,0.000036454105,0.0022512374],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997003,0.000037241276,0.000028748887,0.000038988754,0.00016273194,0.000032034775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997167,0.00010491437,0.000042179705,0.000017334634,0.00010441449,0.000014396788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034975455,0.00046760542,0.0005723728,0.0005455722,0.00035143795,0.0004914391,0.00021388552,0.00041355612,0.001934147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052690203,0.00014399545,0.0005686789,0.0009110768,0.000133901,0.0004482045,0.0002744798,0.0005010317,0.0006853584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011590621,0.00011499386,0.009167288,0.00054969406,0.00004886549,0.00021765655,0.00007110606,0.0072095823,0.9247238,0.00024799054,0.00057468645,0.05591537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025891179,0.0010331371,0.055133067,0.000055522076,0.00010314453,0.00022798356,0.00019617962,0.027652983,0.9113558,0.00037278055,0.0037876405,0.0000559186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010433029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015383873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001934147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031894047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064703226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603908354","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2016-0628","title":"Dye rejection membranes prepared from oxidized graphite particles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Membrane; Congo red; Graphite; Chemistry; Graphene; Rhodamine B; Chemical engineering; Graphite oxide; Oxide; Characterization (materials science); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.013330199104084804,"score_gpt":0.22273771315582147,"score_spread":0.20940751405173666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603908354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98577094,0.0017869504,0.00904953,0.00009848668,0.00010677056,0.0000830004,0.00021870446,0.0001623972,0.0027230766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98104686,0.0016571386,0.0130388625,0.00009097459,0.000021969541,0.00006151564,0.00050663727,0.00005402932,0.0035219132],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962604,0.000050138333,0.000034879107,0.00006711695,0.00015954138,0.00006226216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998116,0.000042106218,0.000043000982,0.000018715586,0.00006786062,0.000016800463],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003563129,0.00046854818,0.00037341611,0.00035629168,0.00020377037,0.0003792526,0.00034750928,0.00074739207,0.0008039384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041778068,0.00018047642,0.00042993206,0.00024990021,0.00015616765,0.0005247726,0.00027427418,0.0006850978,0.00037987638],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004018317,0.000010343342,0.00005100094,0.0000632506,0.0000075196835,0.000040935483,0.000015866623,0.000036487123,0.9983235,0.000055820903,0.00001822943,0.0013368453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006442101,0.0000862284,0.0007076125,0.000005434331,0.000009936737,0.00006754101,0.00001502142,0.00018331312,0.99758637,0.000022461096,0.0013053862,0.0000042179727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036727553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079996244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008039384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002608285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001907724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026894808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606278176","doi":"10.1007/s11783-017-0922-x","title":"Tetra-detector size exclusion chromatography characterization of molecular and solution properties of soluble microbial polysaccharides from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemistry; Molecular mass; Membrane; Chromatography; Polysaccharide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Intrinsic viscosity; Gel permeation chromatography; Refractometry; Viscometer; Filtration (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Viscosity; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer; Refractive index; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.005715825923215136,"score_gpt":0.18226924998297886,"score_spread":0.17655342405976374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606278176","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.991418,0.00037939998,0.00709481,0.000048588718,0.00001949434,0.000014220141,0.00030182532,0.000047987025,0.00067553006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98955816,0.0005739788,0.0067013893,0.000054468554,0.000014995504,0.000027519944,0.00084465876,0.000030752934,0.0021941285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985266,0.000016296852,0.0000152372,0.000030416288,0.000054868335,0.000030550073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998186,0.00004636799,0.000028809602,0.0000111561785,0.000057038607,0.000037970476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021836779,0.0003757843,0.0002544151,0.00040930984,0.00020466746,0.0003627695,0.00018458944,0.00019251126,0.00049789285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002854575,0.00010590052,0.0002608066,0.00031993448,0.00013980235,0.00028474128,0.00019531904,0.00044971498,0.00019493242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003196311,0.000008651214,0.0001412882,0.0000050015783,0.0000013851435,0.0000058182177,0.000004831017,0.00001878905,0.9992957,0.000008007461,0.0000049749146,0.0004735569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003835353,0.00009004971,0.0038305158,0.0000021169242,0.000009588543,0.000039596882,0.00002288538,0.0006998343,0.99497694,0.000014664071,0.00030577753,0.0000042107927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017555117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00095133757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017555117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000162135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033391325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034906268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610622842","doi":"10.5383/swes.06.02.009","title":"Numerical Simulation of Direct Contact Membrane Desalination in Conjugate Heat Transfer Configuration: Role of Membrane Conductivity","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Masdar Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal conductivity; Materials science; Heat transfer; Concentration polarization; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Heat transfer coefficient; Membrane; Convective heat transfer; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.006674341822580816,"score_gpt":0.21849388564177713,"score_spread":0.21181954381919632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2610622842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94597304,0.00028476882,0.02653392,0.000581418,0.00009914315,0.000112492715,0.00083859556,0.00022484719,0.025351776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917287,0.000087650784,0.0042944183,0.00003632475,0.0000072066678,0.000086955166,0.00016392964,0.000015799538,0.0035789548],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986506,0.00002617713,0.000007592,0.000021450529,0.00003607146,0.000043507076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946517,0.00030945404,0.00005788642,0.000029582754,0.00009292612,0.000044994027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023973259,0.00041555637,0.00070551684,0.00030429283,0.0006577561,0.0008372408,0.00071212935,0.0017631248,0.0033734639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00082751276,0.00026779744,0.00051657646,0.00048788972,0.00076457136,0.0004085711,0.0005114212,0.00076794456,0.00020906661],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012111696,0.00008160828,0.0015601923,0.00005672882,0.000012651985,0.00015199007,0.00006154808,0.9896175,0.0044220435,0.002028721,0.0002492334,0.0016366479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013014298,0.000029172574,0.00030748695,0.00000387734,0.0000025852703,0.000008353317,0.00002045251,0.99833846,0.0009491664,0.00017443903,0.00014836971,0.000004625589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014810366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070007253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014810366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081437087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00088714244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02944827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612146923","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2017.05.022","title":"Enhancing the performance of PVDF membranes by hydrophilic surface modification via amine treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Hydrophilization; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Amine gas treating; Surface modification; Fouling; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.015429995540132933,"score_gpt":0.2720179656372284,"score_spread":0.2565879700970955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612146923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9644774,0.0022552249,0.029932957,0.0002684093,0.00006277409,0.000028057182,0.000111167334,0.00016070245,0.0027032567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98752695,0.0012382114,0.008873802,0.000067086934,0.000027748574,0.000025228912,0.00014630736,0.00003939094,0.0020552357],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998092,0.000027094748,0.000012071268,0.00003452698,0.000067151916,0.000050064187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998745,0.00003630873,0.000027244057,0.000010741913,0.000039617342,0.000011647689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003359056,0.00047550377,0.00026946116,0.00018096736,0.00021444031,0.00036482513,0.00027795174,0.0005814443,0.00070386275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033289834,0.00017775378,0.00034231695,0.000160542,0.00017245575,0.0006724073,0.00025990058,0.0005040735,0.00041493212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016199165,0.0000059278586,0.000034803394,0.000023964161,0.0000020379443,0.000014019557,0.000007535431,0.000032219818,0.99876213,0.000044539018,0.000017722314,0.0010390464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011841511,0.000023018274,0.0002531775,9.966343e-7,0.0000033156005,0.000029076964,0.0000035458247,0.0003339834,0.9988373,0.000019882413,0.0004925273,0.0000020225746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040429126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003713394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070386275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022555717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016623967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023546815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613670485","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00847","title":"Highly Conductive Ultrafiltration Membrane via Vacuum Filtration Assisted Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Contact angle; Conductivity; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.08446828011168872,"score_gpt":0.3179583190229337,"score_spread":0.23349003891124498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2613670485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8992033,0.004423771,0.0928992,0.0003079323,0.00013090468,0.00008075346,0.00023868961,0.00050663,0.002208984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9398476,0.0029663309,0.054164983,0.00012045836,0.000033198223,0.00005103112,0.00026386866,0.000058141355,0.0024943622],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983144,0.000021173424,0.000012239987,0.000030892734,0.000073785384,0.000030472258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984753,0.000035051315,0.00005504179,0.00001511154,0.000035270677,0.000011889293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024514992,0.0005314337,0.00020504306,0.00026557798,0.00020311085,0.000300764,0.00028485776,0.0005594997,0.0004643591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027128754,0.00021627666,0.0003736745,0.00016498803,0.00019770593,0.00054322445,0.00021479679,0.000432905,0.00024376452],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042432043,0.0000032836947,0.000029798564,0.000025042416,0.0000030423187,0.000015137196,0.000005594133,0.000033945715,0.99864274,0.00005147876,0.000015902922,0.0011696584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013043948,0.000023018649,0.00031759054,0.000001922344,0.0000037422594,0.00006133297,0.0000037810062,0.0003360646,0.9984725,0.000017448248,0.0007586724,0.0000026928378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004312283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00095171155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005594997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036022515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020601114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002613604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614437136","doi":"10.1007/s11270-017-3386-5","title":"Removal of Heavy Metals from Mining Wastewater by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF): Experimental Investigation and Monte Carlo-Based Artificial Neural Network Modeling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Air & Soil Pollution","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Wastewater; Concentration polarization; Monte Carlo method; Chemistry; Cobalt; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.023328532883906447,"score_gpt":0.2357353111426488,"score_spread":0.21240677825874238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614437136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960931,0.00007987985,0.0035479243,0.000022227787,0.0000062476347,0.0000043044897,0.000020058278,0.000020531244,0.00020563432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996956,0.000109712215,0.0024847086,0.0000072795233,0.0000014698669,0.0000045272714,0.000018120556,0.000003363,0.0004148608],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993813,0.000011630493,0.0000051263823,0.000013576224,0.000020727188,0.00001075261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991,0.00003987233,0.000018198147,0.000006894207,0.000020871723,0.0000041588714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029638998,0.00019602706,0.00026415952,0.000109604276,0.00020535612,0.00025367923,0.00031420213,0.00041225506,0.0002484323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003695944,0.00011535005,0.0003080789,0.000093450115,0.00011823863,0.00028471713,0.00015103142,0.00028894233,0.00006431783],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00065447163,0.00025120671,0.0027939638,0.000116455805,0.000026490054,0.00008114039,0.00007138434,0.059493195,0.9189573,0.00041280704,0.00011070603,0.017030839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021051563,0.00030261467,0.0017269651,0.0000034380812,0.000015601523,0.000036863374,0.000018142182,0.26235065,0.73517287,0.00009910508,0.00024200908,0.000010706645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0052109617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057119243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0052109617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047535676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023708827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010361254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614946729","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2017.04.048","title":"Preparation and characterization of PPSU membranes with BiOCl nanowafers loaded on activated charcoal for oil in water separation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Porosity; Chromatography; Biofouling; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009928921484605271,"score_gpt":0.24248013077798392,"score_spread":0.23255120929337864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614946729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912965,0.0008289126,0.00676611,0.00008805344,0.000032210315,0.000020443606,0.00015488948,0.00007717323,0.00073560356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99310523,0.00041315143,0.0048087975,0.000031703818,0.000009686045,0.000023398095,0.00015111896,0.000021354288,0.0014353939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984384,0.000017245713,0.000014841506,0.000029526303,0.000056081008,0.000038274284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998765,0.000025719633,0.000029827614,0.00001640399,0.00003559529,0.000015983213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025016244,0.0002610962,0.00023944907,0.0002495488,0.00025556283,0.00031483,0.00017944307,0.0004580074,0.0005249968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003123471,0.00019941933,0.00028133366,0.0002664169,0.0001986746,0.00038111585,0.00017174178,0.00035824793,0.0002785024],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002147445,0.0000053072613,0.000063054285,0.000023001425,0.000003231489,0.000018914827,0.000014333856,0.000070897564,0.9990508,0.000039598865,0.000014103234,0.00067533005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001331596,0.000021727426,0.00048784437,0.0000010873872,0.0000039014208,0.000017156171,0.000008817312,0.00034394607,0.99872726,0.000011152709,0.00037352872,0.0000022629295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007038383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009780411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007038383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031098386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019965981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022563934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2617578876","doi":"10.3390/w9060365","title":"Study of the Removal of Aniline from Wastewater via MEUF Using Mixed Surfactants","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Xiamen University; Xiamen University of Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aniline; Rhamnolipid; Pulmonary surfactant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Permeation; Membrane; Salinity; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04019950371964226,"score_gpt":0.269529405039509,"score_spread":0.22932990131986675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2617578876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943534,0.0018906101,0.003165429,0.000040310748,0.000010262153,0.000013397204,0.000031689615,0.000015520043,0.00047928555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886885,0.0022433146,0.0075006676,0.00004734676,0.000009244579,0.000019405163,0.000072765164,0.000014285305,0.0014045209],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999744,0.00005206942,0.000020333897,0.00005215331,0.00009742025,0.000034053875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998834,0.000036853526,0.000028861354,0.0000074971363,0.000034803415,0.000008519156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003060411,0.00036901506,0.0003853137,0.00022782444,0.00018324268,0.00036446773,0.00026519792,0.0004087817,0.00025299325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032650208,0.00012413501,0.0004011413,0.00020398479,0.00011991444,0.00058576575,0.0002549432,0.00031970735,0.00015180747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048370715,0.000019947975,0.00026178933,0.00010713076,0.000010437533,0.00004974608,0.000021546186,0.00015314238,0.99651575,0.000028303433,0.000007733677,0.0027761187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002494218,0.00020551698,0.0009972178,0.0000040324935,0.000012955756,0.0000751667,0.000027210493,0.0014492803,0.9966162,0.000012567955,0.0005925805,0.0000047439494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001001438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014927684,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001001438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002535322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016809597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019911528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618065864","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.05.046","title":"Particulate fouling assessment in membrane based air-to-air energy exchangers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy and Buildings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"dPoint Technologies (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Heat exchanger; Particulates; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Relative humidity; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Composite material; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Meteorology; Engineering","score_opus":0.013852298937702907,"score_gpt":0.26125793692409605,"score_spread":0.24740563798639315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2618065864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974802,0.000164644,0.0019794814,0.000008382982,0.0000038789117,0.000010285992,0.00003408692,0.000012770349,0.0003061895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967147,0.00020563806,0.0017825027,0.000009611127,0.0000021564745,0.000012038545,0.00009760744,0.000004379116,0.0011713688],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995709,0.00010735872,0.0000254192,0.00005569883,0.00019476542,0.000045805467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997943,0.000042425043,0.000022400049,0.000010185914,0.00011653415,0.00001411089],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060231134,0.00027579954,0.00032128245,0.00044905746,0.00035029178,0.00052067806,0.0003563294,0.0006373382,0.00047162414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004290988,0.000108700835,0.00038407304,0.00017861347,0.00015121054,0.00038534476,0.0003464144,0.00026787532,0.00016175729],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007676024,0.00015559759,0.00597462,0.00010803555,0.000038674643,0.000049681872,0.0000677192,0.0035828066,0.9789761,0.00010786855,0.000058028847,0.010113295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010650088,0.0007846318,0.01054287,0.0000070530878,0.000032293316,0.000029345632,0.00006728836,0.015226914,0.97284514,0.000037200298,0.00040890198,0.00000775668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023419578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003043257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023419578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048540795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024379727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004656732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620060169","doi":"10.1039/c7ta02552a","title":"Poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) embedded in a polysulfone as the substrate for improving compaction resistance and adhesion of a thin film composite polyamide membrane","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Polysulfone; Materials science; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Layer (electronics); Adhesion; Phenylene; Composite number; Compaction; Membrane; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015256231258374988,"score_gpt":0.26318830250347297,"score_spread":0.24793207124509797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620060169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986586,0.0005923434,0.01158467,0.000037904352,0.000033030166,0.000021410935,0.000052016392,0.00006534087,0.0010273001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867084,0.00049374293,0.010700162,0.00001566365,0.000008860544,0.000018281951,0.00007881456,0.000016020536,0.001960131],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987316,0.000017954486,0.000009741615,0.000027829674,0.000047388705,0.000023843062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999899,0.000024210847,0.000027829043,0.000015668444,0.000015260215,0.000018069491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001860568,0.00032566147,0.00014956575,0.00013457815,0.00012107826,0.0001931638,0.0002270397,0.00023684857,0.00065332314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016160542,0.00017993926,0.0001294358,0.00015207927,0.00013635607,0.00022016425,0.000138918,0.0003629067,0.00024035691],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008046515,0.0000027810613,0.000017666976,0.0000116168785,9.805655e-7,0.000021668753,0.0000041326953,0.000029646553,0.9994804,0.000024347852,0.0000059110403,0.00039271277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011994119,0.00004319712,0.00041828776,0.0000013065118,0.0000042171096,0.000045383276,0.0000038980465,0.00034380532,0.998869,0.0000035026608,0.00026498063,0.0000012471472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025045645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005267592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00065332314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102608086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012836707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002185583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620998417","doi":"10.36456/waktu.v15i1.426","title":"PENGARUH BEBAN HIDROLIK MEDIA DALAM MENURUNKAN SENYAWA AMMONIA PADA LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG AYAM (RPA)","year":2017,"lang":"id","type":"article","venue":"Waktu","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Encana (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Chemistry; Ammonia; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021186008062550245,"score_gpt":0.2576201910846859,"score_spread":0.23643418302213567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620998417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8034068,0.020867554,0.038408425,0.0020258205,0.0012798159,0.000763146,0.0038563148,0.0019383216,0.1274538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.814301,0.013917588,0.043232813,0.0009084213,0.00016365146,0.00043611895,0.0029601355,0.000459778,0.123620436],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944955,0.000055167784,0.00003886728,0.0001291844,0.00023809777,0.00008917221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962497,0.000066526016,0.00006506072,0.000033030778,0.00015501285,0.000055312288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003080363,0.00079015165,0.0005960677,0.00054599333,0.00083034125,0.0021451,0.0004680179,0.00084229314,0.010806759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004309246,0.0004144769,0.000771791,0.00055329973,0.00040666576,0.001404607,0.0010682503,0.0010679939,0.0037835427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004463917,0.00010584255,0.0021965192,0.00093870034,0.000051641324,0.00041808735,0.00021098585,0.0003722312,0.95087177,0.0007802007,0.0013495696,0.04225801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029309691,0.00089814543,0.010537079,0.00014188745,0.00012471969,0.0006612733,0.00069151545,0.0011654582,0.893686,0.0005926813,0.09140076,0.000071168535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033167435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0071012853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010806759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007362998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010123444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036152244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621286616","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1335214","title":"Perspective and Roadmap of Energy-Efficient Desalination Integrated with Nanomaterials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Desalination; Commercialization; Geothermal desalination; Water desalination; Environmental science; Business; Engineering","score_opus":0.026237335681590007,"score_gpt":0.30449264012902066,"score_spread":0.27825530444743063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2621286616","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011075916,0.95515853,0.0069466126,0.014510965,0.0022518663,0.0000433791,0.000100269994,0.00007209074,0.019808609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008350351,0.97138953,0.010919057,0.0031289293,0.0013414168,0.000064970045,0.0001116349,0.000021422497,0.0046727876],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916124,0.00016817523,0.00007424837,0.00013267418,0.00037837337,0.00008532449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998793,0.0006067308,0.000078364894,0.000054849403,0.00039409776,0.000072980685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020376318,0.0011999804,0.0010597102,0.0019612843,0.0007490509,0.0022082396,0.0011188436,0.003436046,0.0070191706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001122142,0.00047113732,0.00091283943,0.0016035129,0.0009350204,0.0047037606,0.0016334706,0.00417132,0.0022668368],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001127131,0.00024913496,0.00041773592,0.028832221,0.00013343591,0.001002901,0.0004660041,0.0036665616,0.027875269,0.20658793,0.062562495,0.6680937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070332485,0.00019760337,0.0002915063,0.0022630712,0.00004706077,0.0006114244,0.00024637912,0.00068240066,0.004001186,0.03474891,0.9568718,0.000031559455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010098409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014337478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0070191706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013985604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003431104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023481429},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2625194897","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01131","title":"Pretreatment and in Situ Fly Ash Systems for Improving the Performance of Sequencing Batch Reactor in Treating Thermomechanical Pulping Effluent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Sequencing batch reactor; Fly ash; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Adsorption; Flocculation; Biomass (ecology); Activated carbon; Waste management; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007621288268919551,"score_gpt":0.20866718746149676,"score_spread":0.2010458991925772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2625194897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97317797,0.0024548469,0.022903305,0.000121487225,0.00006737895,0.00005354364,0.00014611719,0.00012566347,0.00094965147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9704927,0.0021833535,0.02423476,0.00008871916,0.0000319709,0.000042634063,0.00024239453,0.000036220277,0.0026472055],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973303,0.000041231546,0.00003348775,0.00007084531,0.000089798974,0.000031655407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998964,0.000014084984,0.00003577122,0.000013675323,0.000027314323,0.0000127641015],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023383042,0.0006492575,0.00045694294,0.00031332835,0.00021496929,0.0004077515,0.00034940345,0.00056637503,0.00065655867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001692677,0.00022811376,0.0004954592,0.00027027473,0.00016327451,0.00044494052,0.00022616424,0.0006009205,0.00027465334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016708964,0.00002159286,0.00008450891,0.000057828598,0.000004924434,0.000014785855,0.000007891808,0.00009649076,0.99793744,0.000019367568,0.000008716037,0.0017298901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002866937,0.00010314391,0.0006166027,0.000002916184,0.000020222571,0.000042988624,0.000013617651,0.00086042826,0.9975805,0.000012878113,0.0007389882,0.000004814761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011417663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027256669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011417663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025518445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024199045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022702813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2638039782","doi":"10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_363","title":"ICONE23-1734 HITACHI-GE-SMALL MODULAR REACTOR BALANCE OF PLANT THERMAL UTILIZATION STUDY","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Boiler feedwater; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental science; Modular design; Process engineering; Waste management; Context (archaeology); Engineering; Environmental engineering; Boiler (water heating); Computer science","score_opus":0.06600631187186458,"score_gpt":0.2378271636498295,"score_spread":0.1718208517779649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2638039782","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29281008,0.01760558,0.036304228,0.0016250878,0.0006372012,0.0027780253,0.049319796,0.003462233,0.59545773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6299675,0.010524729,0.028910939,0.0006391957,0.000060658294,0.0014619345,0.025925845,0.00067269744,0.3018364],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994735,0.00007567522,0.000022585566,0.00007582736,0.0002785767,0.00007386287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991424,0.000088111534,0.000043192467,0.00006984443,0.00060509704,0.000051300343],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008578896,0.0005195272,0.0005142008,0.0010721618,0.00064974866,0.0008921599,0.0007220102,0.0005915987,0.0426022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006271543,0.00034637065,0.0004898326,0.0017150253,0.0002172563,0.00047852506,0.00042294193,0.0003872608,0.009278861],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0034150071,0.000761877,0.022371136,0.0067107836,0.0003920999,0.0016729364,0.00066477637,0.024464384,0.25919047,0.015576675,0.23337758,0.43140233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048327795,0.0025407977,0.04740499,0.0005686602,0.00041454876,0.00055379985,0.0011999634,0.014909743,0.16549529,0.0014895686,0.76479113,0.00014824954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13176669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.23128064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13176669,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0042282897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006191144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26199943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2680567258","doi":"","title":"Analyse dynamique et statistique des évolutions de perméabilité sur un bioréacteur a membranes a pleine échelle","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy","score_opus":0.01735791620663996,"score_gpt":0.24590966125767463,"score_spread":0.22855174505103468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2680567258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96354705,0.0005896136,0.033354294,0.000090405214,0.000016486292,0.000026862963,0.0006680882,0.00041068322,0.0012964463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99026066,0.00025191676,0.0069921245,0.000016664557,0.0000036679512,0.000050739207,0.00048627672,0.000035382713,0.0019025642],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997118,0.00003916077,0.000014689547,0.00010832659,0.00009355289,0.000032504857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907994,0.00051183894,0.00013467725,0.00009525016,0.00015719168,0.000021029387],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007506082,0.00039631294,0.00042986995,0.00060439453,0.00034588293,0.0007243655,0.000333548,0.00079665286,0.0020002879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011114903,0.0002627569,0.00076428184,0.0005028778,0.00035925274,0.00069258263,0.00033791127,0.0006634507,0.0003692952],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007610046,0.0002076658,0.044519085,0.0005016776,0.00022195614,0.00036348737,0.00024912233,0.30230644,0.6032376,0.0012654153,0.00048281302,0.045883615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017198598,0.00045813379,0.061616864,0.000025211468,0.000068612775,0.00017917046,0.0001830035,0.63197064,0.30271956,0.0006055226,0.0020900234,0.00006610411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0071207676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034898126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0071207676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006324165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032839604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0141586065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2695572162","doi":"10.3168/jds.2017-12774","title":"Effect of skim milk treated with high hydrostatic pressure on permeate flux and fouling during ultrafiltration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation","keywords":"Chemistry; Skimmed milk; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Rennet; Permeation; Hydrostatic pressure; Chromatography; Whey protein; Food science; Casein; Membrane; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.007067344979436892,"score_gpt":0.24493088011981132,"score_spread":0.23786353514037442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2695572162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988918,0.0005775358,0.00024778815,0.000027516056,0.0000072840376,0.000006682564,0.000050320818,0.00001571875,0.00017557562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998243,0.0005479153,0.00071537,0.00004845091,0.000008024315,0.000014882932,0.000092782226,0.000013507196,0.00031618675],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998258,0.000028753593,0.0000138841615,0.000033664863,0.00005084072,0.000047129837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987173,0.000034021054,0.000039858332,0.000007158893,0.00002556442,0.000021791797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002019243,0.0003919065,0.0003230023,0.00014194619,0.00017324009,0.00037335738,0.00018235896,0.00031487082,0.00056124467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003734375,0.00014053879,0.00028318673,0.00018682441,0.00021951403,0.0004319997,0.00026827096,0.00032250385,0.00011631674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003104231,0.000028997054,0.0006269658,0.0000742326,0.000015983134,0.000096390635,0.000066065724,0.00008589676,0.99647707,0.000014690635,0.000027003443,0.0021763167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000071810405,0.0004015691,0.008370133,0.000007561283,0.000027242837,0.000081917155,0.00007046597,0.0004510891,0.9899839,0.000010897648,0.00057901384,0.000008885509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00089153904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010418876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00089153904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000232597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001916194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018775463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2717155689","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.20391","title":"An experimental system for characterization of membrane fouling of solar photovoltaic reverse osmosis systems under intermittent operation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Process engineering; Photovoltaic system; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Reverse osmosis plant; Modular design; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.02861554452853148,"score_gpt":0.2775183691053696,"score_spread":0.2489028245768381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2717155689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98830366,0.00014835894,0.010094308,0.000039980372,0.000031335203,0.00019723992,0.0006743232,0.00016576826,0.00034500772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9772216,0.00020182545,0.020142239,0.00006203084,0.000011262985,0.0005780538,0.00069320394,0.000026041784,0.0010636656],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995708,0.000058837086,0.000043920936,0.0001354094,0.0001493794,0.000041625248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996088,0.00009785147,0.00007563035,0.000084794585,0.000097416545,0.00003546366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000357956,0.0003282383,0.0004072273,0.00028218632,0.00060158473,0.00028431104,0.00063744484,0.00091692636,0.0011780171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038582037,0.00013064391,0.00041860252,0.0003322167,0.00024742365,0.0003294142,0.0002923827,0.00059930765,0.00031762896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009509749,0.00011255528,0.00047843045,0.000048910606,0.000005749197,0.000023178636,0.000022980303,0.00016926808,0.99793255,0.00002355263,0.000025400806,0.0010624626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019215211,0.0008104362,0.0031200778,0.0000053324884,0.000015764483,0.000028909037,0.000022667713,0.00226153,0.99314827,0.000018670009,0.0005417577,0.000007483121],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014896153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012933015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014896153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044509833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036405382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039408803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2720351797","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.20735","title":"Structure and properties of membrane at different ages in drinking water treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Porosity; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane permeability; Membrane structure; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02447789663678338,"score_gpt":0.2394780584384923,"score_spread":0.21500016180170892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2720351797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99901617,0.00021226497,0.00044807603,0.0000076176107,0.0000020762607,0.0000030467234,0.000094992174,0.0000073795813,0.00020840431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882346,0.0001286978,0.00040663627,0.0000098231585,0.0000013087017,0.0000064520586,0.00016216723,0.000005261308,0.0004561554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989355,0.000012031302,0.0000076332935,0.000025531697,0.000036017176,0.000025197185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984026,0.000024765177,0.000043952223,0.000008969626,0.000060353672,0.000021651533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017589814,0.00016175235,0.00018151726,0.00026340754,0.00019046344,0.00021841838,0.000119232034,0.00032908304,0.0005463676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028954458,0.00013547091,0.0002288407,0.0001606063,0.00017501113,0.00036020833,0.00012844433,0.00018772598,0.00012316217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058689875,0.0000084666335,0.0026280663,0.000016701793,0.000007319054,0.00003309432,0.000037107024,0.00016686248,0.9962419,0.000021759619,0.0000069720845,0.00077297835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003686332,0.00023087095,0.06619031,0.0000044451235,0.000026213216,0.00014017582,0.000100927704,0.0010897303,0.9315613,0.0000514246,0.0005908214,0.000010071256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015146112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009260191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015146112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029388512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001453278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030115843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2724575157","doi":"10.1039/c7nr00378a","title":"Graphene oxide-stabilized perfluorocarbon emulsions for controlled oxygen delivery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Oxygen; Materials science; Oxygen delivery; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.019038928434663094,"score_gpt":0.26243556635746046,"score_spread":0.24339663792279737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2724575157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95037913,0.006518023,0.037879594,0.0003927418,0.00020977893,0.00012167814,0.00022136753,0.0002838796,0.003993733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9758364,0.0028002004,0.018924816,0.000116302464,0.000022993163,0.000046430017,0.00015244212,0.000033203054,0.0020672157],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992704,0.000009628568,0.000006000167,0.000016588288,0.000026266278,0.000014562043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999442,0.000010729097,0.000018219764,0.0000030429153,0.000011584722,0.000012178384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001694673,0.00036522478,0.00012164427,0.000216756,0.0001254505,0.00017326933,0.00015830423,0.0003383197,0.00045894636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017009705,0.00008727525,0.00017143515,0.00012301674,0.00013457738,0.00032044944,0.00016084277,0.0003507058,0.00016238734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013535111,0.000012438201,0.00001624077,0.000030373945,0.000002751005,0.000030602223,0.000006723582,0.00014013425,0.99788874,0.00013014647,0.000047648813,0.001680588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009065737,0.00009894107,0.00015877873,0.000003842407,0.0000075326802,0.000041942734,0.0000046626024,0.0010690279,0.99640286,0.00003582612,0.0021618889,0.000005652035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045525795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091934425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00045894636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025999328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014557953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018864274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2725396710","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2017.06.090","title":"Physicochemical correlations between membrane surface hydrophilicity and adhesive fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Adhesive; Membrane fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Adhesion; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Surface energy; Organic chemistry; Layer (electronics); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018768016880992056,"score_gpt":0.28785880122873964,"score_spread":0.2690907843477476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2725396710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99949336,0.0001638124,0.00023573646,0.0000075512608,0.0000030338028,0.0000029218118,0.000030045823,0.0000023111143,0.00006126011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956375,0.00009927548,0.00016719213,0.0000097471675,0.0000049226946,0.000004626415,0.00004217482,0.0000012785503,0.00010706206],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996722,0.00009354347,0.000038388924,0.000040531006,0.00010406341,0.00005134385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981932,0.000937894,0.0003758023,0.000053628613,0.00031074486,0.00012878007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00079900475,0.00021633647,0.00027993514,0.00050969113,0.00021725237,0.0005982752,0.0001621339,0.00041336476,0.0003651856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019647914,0.00023023809,0.00037306725,0.00045264474,0.00030163984,0.00033986056,0.0002313295,0.00037206034,0.00013625053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011567593,0.00014138277,0.03126835,0.00005592264,0.00007901255,0.00010237434,0.00008851703,0.00066953397,0.9635762,0.000048403333,0.000038902745,0.0027747734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003520785,0.0017673837,0.27795616,0.000011208047,0.00016247714,0.00028527324,0.0003159059,0.007626096,0.7113275,0.00016971058,0.0002980241,0.000045116853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016794318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013055276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016794318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037082098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033596743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004225552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2725505562","doi":"10.3390/membranes7030034","title":"Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal—Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Concentration polarization; Humic acid; Organic matter; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Natural organic matter; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008956233377134285,"score_gpt":0.23937808247540804,"score_spread":0.23042184909827376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2725505562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9159882,0.02045588,0.061438736,0.00031470714,0.00009812264,0.00009581618,0.00019982229,0.00016114957,0.0012475407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9689894,0.0064697866,0.022372434,0.00012804376,0.00003973971,0.00006415251,0.00026490603,0.000022606024,0.001648917],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939024,0.0001210006,0.000058357764,0.000090362395,0.00024704426,0.00009291667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974114,0.00006700412,0.00009080608,0.000019740246,0.000051515875,0.000029814986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008034517,0.0004879441,0.00041635716,0.00040865914,0.00035709317,0.0005000555,0.0002892706,0.0008789268,0.00036418453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065760035,0.00019282117,0.0005574697,0.0003198189,0.0002610325,0.001133691,0.00040302236,0.00064201053,0.00011520285],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046169745,0.000017231147,0.0002580484,0.00015296109,0.0000115262,0.000025824027,0.000017165165,0.00020319477,0.99079585,0.00015083283,0.000047740115,0.008273381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009462849,0.00039427375,0.0055388543,0.00001970524,0.000032464348,0.00031826153,0.000030000801,0.0021811274,0.98736537,0.0002355748,0.0038470011,0.000027888398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010374329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012215577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010374329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005116333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032649274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042491555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735447880","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.059","title":"Thermophilic membrane bioreactors: A review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Mesophile; Thermophile; Membrane bioreactor; Industrial wastewater treatment; Wastewater; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Biochemical engineering; Biodegradation; Membrane reactor; Waste management; Membrane; Anaerobic exercise; Biotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Biology; Engineering; Bacteria; Ecology; Biochemistry; Botany; Methane; Enzyme","score_opus":0.08397356909183724,"score_gpt":0.35887125559977007,"score_spread":0.27489768650793284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735447880","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00012491696,0.99895847,0.00015747415,0.00010435878,0.00019009977,0.0000062475574,0.000023927325,0.0000066747875,0.00042793035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005202162,0.9985468,0.0002436789,0.00012886045,0.00015264633,0.000007483566,0.00002976412,0.0000016732573,0.00036882877],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971455,0.000032891272,0.00005847822,0.000053853142,0.000110158464,0.00003007779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994728,0.0001902539,0.00013988763,0.0000153755,0.00013194184,0.000049769475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000800362,0.0017095315,0.0022132925,0.004857369,0.0003078255,0.0014196694,0.0009836429,0.00123889,0.0030748786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010226361,0.00050791027,0.0007040419,0.0047072596,0.0005142775,0.0022515988,0.0011323759,0.0014702127,0.0015131788],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011421551,0.00010666187,0.00017588555,0.0471189,0.00017855961,0.0002402095,0.00005163314,0.00035482622,0.004582995,0.0013465444,0.022971597,0.92275786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044577122,0.00019865946,0.00097096834,0.008431203,0.0006842532,0.0012109572,0.00009661514,0.0001615643,0.0024591214,0.001284159,0.9844014,0.000056584795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008594876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024557412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004857369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054816226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018182088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01028651},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735824225","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2017.63433.1136","title":"Impact of Measuring Devices and Data Analysis on the Determination of Gas Membrane Properties","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lag; Chemistry; Solubility; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Accuracy and precision; Noise (video); Time lag; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biological system; Statistics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Chromatography; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.17308838553878145,"score_gpt":0.40487326980900923,"score_spread":0.23178488427022778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735824225","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37392858,0.015217189,0.5952468,0.0024853551,0.0014554117,0.0009032903,0.0022661963,0.003207112,0.0052901707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6361542,0.006845052,0.34841296,0.0013104646,0.00027563734,0.0011321313,0.0016899462,0.0015435681,0.0026360878],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9727647,0.00751036,0.0022048603,0.0027855488,0.014212899,0.00052152097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.898021,0.08140495,0.003103773,0.008101901,0.0091554625,0.00021296377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.020239774,0.001663781,0.0015243152,0.0014749905,0.0010937544,0.0020388404,0.0016962078,0.001832935,0.0014226706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07357067,0.0009233931,0.0011699309,0.0024637699,0.001397128,0.001956896,0.0018728123,0.001665602,0.0007114385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035003177,0.00046873768,0.02980701,0.005236525,0.0008471112,0.0017309759,0.0016099955,0.035855506,0.5647603,0.0064868038,0.0040122694,0.34568444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056501525,0.0008879656,0.028393054,0.00046871326,0.00038619115,0.001206714,0.000566407,0.06951206,0.87408704,0.0034848514,0.020666474,0.00028403642],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002317836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018587277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020239774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012538831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011077484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10703939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736138533","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.054","title":"Membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor: An unified approach to construct topography and to evaluate interaction energy between two randomly rough surfaces","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fractal; Biological system; Bioreactor; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemistry; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.03196851244597841,"score_gpt":0.2971944373564531,"score_spread":0.2652259249104747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2736138533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94196904,0.00012858216,0.05734796,0.000035841185,0.000011343058,0.000020943773,0.000051257248,0.00005695758,0.00037811976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9539,0.00018869412,0.045235213,0.000014277956,0.000004986636,0.000037926657,0.000049904877,0.000016627624,0.0005522605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987066,0.000014821295,0.000006698063,0.00002701694,0.00006471478,0.000016144588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998646,0.000038767565,0.000028047225,0.000026836764,0.000024946528,0.000016847309],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026574743,0.00032440617,0.00032375488,0.0002741751,0.0002762606,0.00036202068,0.0003871475,0.0005304362,0.0002519087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024157022,0.00026819785,0.0003127136,0.0002251925,0.00031981737,0.00039406103,0.0003192258,0.00049076334,0.00008170236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024401257,0.000023641604,0.0002681814,0.000015896232,0.0000046777423,0.000022720149,0.000016491864,0.002000472,0.99610764,0.00024174948,0.000007456975,0.001266739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013384481,0.00023183225,0.0028320411,0.0000023210036,0.000024353074,0.00007701701,0.00004433403,0.10456701,0.89167917,0.00026829765,0.0002400458,0.000020191796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001163337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001917134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001163337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033767233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032286037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024499893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737089050","doi":"10.1007/s13369-017-2690-0","title":"New Developments in Membrane Technologies Used in the Treatment of Produced Water: A Review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Water treatment; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Ceramic membrane; Materials science; Flux (metallurgy); Ceramic; Permeation; Process engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.08157535035951262,"score_gpt":0.33854128840417425,"score_spread":0.2569659380446616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737089050","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019189832,0.9988594,0.00016294977,0.00014049586,0.00011698702,0.000004235173,0.000028081948,0.000005864197,0.0004900917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00070850895,0.9986187,0.00024671113,0.00009299187,0.00009088607,0.000002953334,0.000027700133,9.900047e-7,0.00021055041],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968314,0.00003268511,0.000058099668,0.00006598898,0.00013074245,0.000029344244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990729,0.00048352793,0.00016029563,0.000018895718,0.00020917201,0.000055208195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008716725,0.0010058321,0.0015667097,0.0040678787,0.00033069486,0.0012785699,0.0011335474,0.0011541157,0.0036884872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011967135,0.000361431,0.0008890989,0.004590566,0.00044981213,0.0019419462,0.00078948453,0.0015580731,0.0012525772],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010028656,0.000119709955,0.00036155724,0.049839303,0.0001865037,0.00032796414,0.00008500972,0.00042659728,0.006249968,0.0024228187,0.014551837,0.9253285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022657001,0.00021320579,0.0016142683,0.0064885183,0.0005637725,0.0017494165,0.00015475959,0.00016778355,0.003087325,0.0016619733,0.98421496,0.00006125442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010422778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022126378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040678787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005305012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013707209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012339234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2740696238","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.160","title":"Effects of fractal roughness of membrane surfaces on interfacial interactions associated with membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Fractal; Membrane; Surface roughness; Materials science; Surface finish; Adhesion; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Fractal dimension; Membrane bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Particle (ecology); Composite material; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012359995076991443,"score_gpt":0.25576389148587764,"score_spread":0.24340389640888618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2740696238","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992636,0.00015372525,0.00031031182,0.00001909774,0.000010169135,0.0000032635414,0.000020660256,0.000006751106,0.00021257039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99944633,0.00007219971,0.00031777812,0.00001581438,0.0000067579385,0.0000028105721,0.000020088277,0.0000039575143,0.00011412466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996655,0.00008095644,0.000028888822,0.00003906764,0.00009189205,0.00009374012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999134,0.0004571267,0.00014487126,0.000052306976,0.000108206485,0.00010358816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003444635,0.00022498282,0.00030938516,0.00021938536,0.0002751406,0.00057283096,0.00015866768,0.00039872495,0.0005423457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001048803,0.00023148327,0.0003617102,0.0001717475,0.00027367365,0.00031467908,0.00022868345,0.00044224528,0.00010073417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042690008,0.000044079166,0.0005748643,0.000024075958,0.000014972102,0.000055667908,0.000029574874,0.00047720433,0.9973863,0.00003829555,0.000026707488,0.0009014586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020480917,0.00046371686,0.009244525,0.0000034215755,0.000034416153,0.000063139654,0.00007276622,0.0066103633,0.98321736,0.000032170254,0.00021812295,0.000019476902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012150707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009763295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012150707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044747003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015894993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032466054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741402658","doi":"10.1109/tia.2017.2732939","title":"Real-Time Emulation of a Pressure-Retarded Osmotic Power Generation System","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Power station; Electric power system; Electricity generation; Engineering; Computer science; Power (physics); Control engineering; Forward osmosis; Electrical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.024521657032151013,"score_gpt":0.26715367638945275,"score_spread":0.24263201935730175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2741402658","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47705612,0.000099363344,0.50785476,0.0003128332,0.00008000105,0.00015253412,0.00025953932,0.0018970212,0.01228781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901288,0.00003131198,0.008486726,0.000019577239,0.0000033794372,0.000030555242,0.000036919413,0.000019230944,0.0012434301],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999242,0.000026406,0.0000028808342,0.000012777268,0.00002656219,0.0000071851714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998765,0.00006248628,0.00001788291,0.00001686857,0.000019059475,0.0000071623417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015053022,0.0002704825,0.000241655,0.00013805846,0.00014426826,0.00030807333,0.0005177613,0.00035582818,0.0019252734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036619956,0.0000887704,0.00017276221,0.00008585865,0.0002668992,0.0004443323,0.00021766289,0.00036806276,0.00018491728],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034539052,0.00012464215,0.0015498915,0.00012914439,0.0000279483,0.00037997108,0.00012257572,0.8780635,0.08328051,0.0065859375,0.0009117905,0.02847857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013765878,0.000072382514,0.00017280421,0.00000204585,0.0000031228403,0.000021555245,0.0000071946088,0.98967,0.009029524,0.0003460715,0.0006580556,0.000003542106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008253342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061636884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019252734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025957616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021035389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064406395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744274010","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2017.06.02.4","title":"Nanoporous Polyether Sulfone Membrane, Preparation and Characterization: Effect of Porosity and Mean Pore Size on Performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoporous; Porosity; Sulfone; Characterization (materials science); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Engineering","score_opus":0.006824747011808758,"score_gpt":0.2555149854497997,"score_spread":0.24869023843799096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744274010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98315144,0.0011991172,0.014393002,0.00006757241,0.000014256301,0.000046991925,0.0005008556,0.00014574527,0.00048096396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793946,0.0014620454,0.017367493,0.000027503325,0.000008563454,0.00008136332,0.0006657202,0.000040753126,0.00095200725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997532,0.000028559336,0.000028740484,0.000058877573,0.00009803645,0.00003254184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968016,0.00010592885,0.00006988575,0.000026751584,0.000084302155,0.000033124907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041068622,0.00035279023,0.0003775247,0.0002905642,0.00027301745,0.00028572272,0.00022733017,0.0006107288,0.0003789118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058763317,0.00017226019,0.00026478208,0.00027172398,0.00022407086,0.0006553621,0.00014369629,0.0003114194,0.0002170062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031267842,0.000010429489,0.00007910149,0.00004042159,0.0000030282442,0.000023950508,0.000008534427,0.00014975465,0.9987607,0.00002178775,0.00000930195,0.0008617769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000241119,0.000077488105,0.0011794006,0.000002117182,0.0000058646283,0.00007561567,0.000007838569,0.0006266653,0.9977113,0.00001731921,0.00028938943,0.0000046663567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006305324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009589937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006305324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025628312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027209314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021719933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2750264241","doi":"10.3168/jds.2017-13015","title":"Process efficiency of casein separation from milk using polymeric spiral-wound microfiltration membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Novalait; Université Laval","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Casein; Process (computing); Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Separation process; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Food science; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.030094358931065875,"score_gpt":0.3218485437375319,"score_spread":0.29175418480646603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2750264241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99660033,0.0005653015,0.0023831404,0.000027619271,0.0000068556656,0.000009191987,0.000050327144,0.000038976093,0.00031822236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99218893,0.0008760223,0.005962212,0.000024349854,0.000004667336,0.000022243396,0.00017971049,0.000033754073,0.0007081726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996444,0.00006551614,0.0000396374,0.000074921314,0.00010260893,0.000072854426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997389,0.00009860072,0.00007248249,0.000019652407,0.00005335327,0.000016992533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005245801,0.0004246429,0.0003691546,0.00025776227,0.0001181514,0.0004755829,0.00026903042,0.0003450727,0.00036547816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006783333,0.0001490633,0.0003818097,0.00033046608,0.00018855135,0.00053556176,0.00029490062,0.00040376667,0.00016560934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047993904,0.000008898773,0.0001368543,0.00002521801,0.0000041666362,0.000010400535,0.000014453324,0.00005710663,0.9985701,0.000013947842,0.000007970724,0.0011029601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002569158,0.00009610538,0.0010315512,0.0000023354487,0.000006850598,0.00002516463,0.000013401773,0.00063258054,0.99795145,0.0000058427636,0.000229012,0.0000030154777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077842124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062934845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077842124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031275832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015625104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027742982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751243870","doi":"10.1039/c7ra08038g","title":"Probing the application of a zirconium coagulant in a coagulation–ultrafiltration process: observations on organics removal and membrane fouling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Turbidity; Membrane; Zirconium; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.028866030562265055,"score_gpt":0.28846495667846905,"score_spread":0.259598926116204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751243870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99413294,0.0006279907,0.0042298213,0.00010674635,0.00002881213,0.000031481002,0.00009752001,0.000041653046,0.0007029434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950656,0.0005442137,0.0031312706,0.000064144435,0.000011628673,0.00001565245,0.00009110054,0.000017466713,0.001058976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980074,0.000020842312,0.000012371128,0.00003695014,0.00007145081,0.000057693804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998654,0.00004274917,0.00003086616,0.000011768416,0.00003297583,0.00001620228],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026590735,0.0004333854,0.000315142,0.00025545026,0.00035298688,0.00042737063,0.00024714213,0.0009125598,0.0005775377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032102063,0.00022859602,0.00048299978,0.0003012237,0.00040299297,0.00028960587,0.00019660324,0.000710707,0.00018500547],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003033658,0.0000057491648,0.00006406966,0.000009619559,0.0000015623656,0.000016758819,0.000010377741,0.000010236217,0.9995109,0.000008368584,0.0000057847706,0.0003262653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039198144,0.00009448871,0.0013700405,0.0000010847698,0.0000060776274,0.000035087116,0.000015503434,0.00019506781,0.9980894,0.000007487632,0.00017984085,0.0000019025598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024788752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020832415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024788752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035758884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034147277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049289465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751443620","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.064","title":"Characterization of UF foulants and fouling mechanisms when applying low in-line coagulant pre-treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Adsorption; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Membrane; Chromatography; Humic acid; Organic matter; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Fluorescence; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.08295359205671296,"score_gpt":0.351561133788315,"score_spread":0.26860754173160206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751443620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99750334,0.0003506553,0.0014292974,0.0000211635,0.00001244297,0.000016410504,0.0001287511,0.000022201464,0.0005155599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967698,0.00030180518,0.0016349591,0.000020409934,0.000004816338,0.000019244053,0.00016094021,0.00001329878,0.0010746028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979466,0.000025151267,0.000012720467,0.000033364657,0.00006804943,0.00006600302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980456,0.00005090106,0.00003767036,0.000016436854,0.00006818352,0.00002227489],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023218064,0.00031022934,0.00030459178,0.0003742144,0.00033538564,0.00039242243,0.00021205575,0.0005097504,0.00095059595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007145443,0.00012303611,0.00033042353,0.00024932282,0.0002214639,0.0002830194,0.00013688616,0.0003286363,0.0001706336],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009260022,0.000018136077,0.00032148007,0.000030301506,0.000005422108,0.00002244784,0.000028715085,0.0000743621,0.9976463,0.000021496413,0.00001809796,0.0017205415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018372195,0.000099404104,0.0035709522,0.0000031483455,0.0000129707305,0.000028188193,0.000024192545,0.0003883297,0.9955117,0.000009747713,0.00034619175,0.0000034689317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002343478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025810099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002343478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003004221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031861954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046596527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751781957","doi":"10.3390/membranes7030050","title":"The Effect of Concentration Factor on Membrane Fouling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Mass transfer; Raw water; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.015043352097179654,"score_gpt":0.27038310182211955,"score_spread":0.2553397497249399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751781957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948596,0.001624343,0.0017605529,0.00006261265,0.000027574577,0.000091874776,0.0001930869,0.000029702245,0.0013507493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955988,0.0011443631,0.0023773196,0.000050160335,0.000010424747,0.00003670505,0.00017191184,0.000013452007,0.0005969056],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910456,0.00025243819,0.00011264396,0.00018495617,0.0002592164,0.000086150525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967739,0.0023307265,0.0002822987,0.00013741315,0.00041307992,0.00006254925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073168846,0.00053740235,0.0005066958,0.00031744887,0.00027940454,0.000600802,0.0003124987,0.0006571534,0.0011999403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0038365962,0.000175765,0.0003600959,0.00042557696,0.00031384407,0.0007033642,0.00022512981,0.00047519457,0.000231461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046742527,0.00013274763,0.002253064,0.00023206067,0.000031745847,0.00009299683,0.0000626088,0.0006272215,0.9872574,0.000042323136,0.000051447532,0.008748846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000896136,0.0016023308,0.014212059,0.00001590903,0.000041261545,0.000106411426,0.00004075047,0.0008109189,0.9822912,0.000030534957,0.0008202685,0.00001934371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027091033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025940544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027091033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000495801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034730026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053866506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751975617","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23014","title":"Simulation and control of membrane reactors for catalytic reduction of dissolved oxygen from water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Setpoint; Steady state (chemistry); Hydrogen; Volumetric flow rate; Controller (irrigation); Membrane reactor; Chemistry; Membrane; Petrochemical; Process engineering; Environmental science; Control theory (sociology); Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01204392051746651,"score_gpt":0.21435098317623175,"score_spread":0.20230706265876525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751975617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6792226,0.0009257223,0.2879272,0.00054573285,0.00017344486,0.00028358225,0.0006270887,0.001050531,0.02924402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821823,0.00023840809,0.013642233,0.000024035504,0.0000075567837,0.00021017581,0.00015775133,0.000021894639,0.003515532],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998809,0.000035683548,0.000007074137,0.000017468428,0.000031314943,0.000027583628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996251,0.00023251574,0.00004466772,0.000013847236,0.000060802406,0.000023050845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037796944,0.00064293726,0.000783057,0.0003396468,0.00046574796,0.0007517081,0.000644269,0.0009474872,0.002341491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007928228,0.00029467326,0.00081372744,0.00026358088,0.00044281708,0.00030618964,0.0004431815,0.00054737757,0.0001938827],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004534517,0.000022420678,0.00032233432,0.000027609669,0.000008562152,0.000027401786,0.000015183399,0.9962083,0.0015260121,0.0006286596,0.000058974874,0.0011092956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008651563,0.000018412627,0.000074799915,0.0000016376677,0.00000261597,0.0000017590231,0.000003419024,0.99917406,0.00049498375,0.00010761833,0.00011012737,0.0000017928581],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016903745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007895337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016903745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006770716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086266367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03361076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752796308","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.032","title":"Performance of a novel hybrid membrane bioreactor for treating saline wastewater from mariculture: Assessment of pollutants removal and membrane filtration performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Harbin Institute of Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Anoxic waters; Chemistry; Mariculture; Pulp and paper industry; Pollutant; Bioreactor; Biofilter; Denitrification; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Biomass (ecology); Hydraulic retention time; Chromatography; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Aquaculture; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology","score_opus":0.013010362603461634,"score_gpt":0.23565998541256528,"score_spread":0.22264962280910364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752796308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961112,0.00039323288,0.0031263418,0.000045748424,0.000022975952,0.000010885122,0.00007723821,0.00005826833,0.00015430276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99473554,0.0002758499,0.0038775895,0.000040806728,0.000010369226,0.000019844982,0.00015378211,0.00001240338,0.00087386114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997793,0.000032699234,0.000021717897,0.0000503025,0.00008282509,0.000033242693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983895,0.000030179459,0.000025418161,0.000011637216,0.000060168026,0.00003366906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043200116,0.00044777791,0.00055350224,0.00032138568,0.0003417631,0.0005238191,0.00041627244,0.0008406614,0.0003816425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027433957,0.00019971332,0.0005274774,0.00018635773,0.00017060546,0.000452552,0.00035695857,0.00036040586,0.00022436031],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118580065,0.000028870132,0.0001919361,0.00001927462,0.0000086168875,0.000011745171,0.0000069375064,0.000094860705,0.9986797,0.000008205326,0.0000122694555,0.0008189304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012619324,0.000512386,0.0018019798,0.0000024472545,0.000032209766,0.000060934704,0.000017033839,0.0019341947,0.99529415,0.000009803955,0.00031262677,0.000009723599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002048088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024935093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002048088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003633153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036569423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040723085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752847235","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23010","title":"Ethanol:water blends separation using ultrafiltration membranes of poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) partial sodium salt and polyacrylamide","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ethanol; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylamide; Acrylamide; Chemistry; Acrylic acid; Selectivity; Chromatography; Sodium; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Catalysis; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01571824366102619,"score_gpt":0.24265267190338616,"score_spread":0.22693442824235996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752847235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840814,0.0020311868,0.012887389,0.000076489974,0.00003007854,0.000025714735,0.00006900659,0.00009069542,0.0007080764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9777949,0.0015518853,0.01774926,0.000045877725,0.00001099244,0.000028941287,0.00014097414,0.000023908156,0.002653316],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989927,0.000012224311,0.000009760823,0.000026198304,0.000034189045,0.000018356393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999931,0.000010951525,0.000020053923,0.0000037747322,0.000025675547,0.0000085933925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017759946,0.0003247122,0.00020147082,0.00019560177,0.00013739328,0.00026594894,0.00016131753,0.00028554842,0.00023853603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013978103,0.00013742263,0.00021977015,0.00012771497,0.00010716046,0.00038434757,0.00012426387,0.0003601637,0.00015805326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009378542,0.000004812344,0.000043544474,0.000014913826,0.000002257706,0.000009291361,0.0000045301917,0.000016888527,0.9991053,0.000016208764,0.000004733138,0.0007681206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013600196,0.000026863943,0.00035654492,0.0000014230419,0.000005630183,0.000021930668,0.0000053353715,0.00020248373,0.9990748,0.000004615886,0.00029770366,0.000001310675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010065755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018317779,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010065755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032011725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000199021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023226738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755381502","doi":"10.1002/aic.15970","title":"A multicontinuum approach for the problem of filtration of oily‐water systems across thin flat membranes: II. Validation and examples","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Mechanics; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Statistics; Composite material","score_opus":0.038281680895028994,"score_gpt":0.2813927121814756,"score_spread":0.24311103128644662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2755381502","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.072245724,0.0012630337,0.9161647,0.00047382558,0.00009725084,0.00015439435,0.000084797815,0.00017208124,0.009344334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5229603,0.0010630866,0.46989542,0.00017040265,0.00007868642,0.00033244654,0.000099498175,0.000083763094,0.005316394],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958676,0.00014723408,0.000017817645,0.000040450042,0.00017435393,0.000033372995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998317,0.0013164198,0.00007430374,0.000092959686,0.00017363977,0.000025728494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001551101,0.0005181701,0.0006909987,0.0006172612,0.0008074255,0.0007320218,0.0011315531,0.0023672115,0.0010945086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003335965,0.00024765116,0.0007646333,0.0005852819,0.0008736819,0.0007678483,0.0009292339,0.0013271202,0.00021593686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017932772,0.00020714363,0.0013615447,0.00063560106,0.00004819172,0.00091801473,0.0004414317,0.8185534,0.034397513,0.08650627,0.0010440461,0.055707525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008860303,0.000041777046,0.00014119776,0.000016912405,0.000004989956,0.00008196775,0.000031869593,0.9876908,0.0051365085,0.005794739,0.0010364397,0.0000139672375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035790727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016211577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035790727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069487677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007353542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008203149},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2756847450","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2017.09.013","title":"Experimental quantification of the effect of intermittent operation on membrane performance of solar powered reverse osmosis desalination systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Renewable energy; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01843527878469794,"score_gpt":0.27307057889084196,"score_spread":0.25463530010614405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2756847450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99856454,0.00008433715,0.0008825205,0.00002162098,0.000012950851,0.000009532153,0.00010900454,0.000029302884,0.00028623853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99877447,0.00008631916,0.0007492179,0.000011737373,0.0000069482962,0.000014694932,0.000092217044,0.000008280314,0.00025610716],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996692,0.00004981202,0.000027845073,0.00006819699,0.0001184036,0.00006643524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942434,0.00024977754,0.00008872987,0.00008250854,0.00012282228,0.000031749016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033400432,0.0003508297,0.0002689863,0.00019850419,0.0004317379,0.00038244316,0.0004773708,0.0005112835,0.0015797692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080748246,0.00016888545,0.00029037116,0.0002892411,0.00033632503,0.0005170738,0.00028606178,0.0005426068,0.00016709721],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00090876484,0.00018081817,0.0016415565,0.00008923209,0.000015358979,0.00004875718,0.00006537961,0.0006011996,0.99196774,0.00005655975,0.00006970902,0.0043548765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012546048,0.00078304973,0.0047176657,0.0000035944206,0.00001424975,0.00002624189,0.000035296027,0.0025077134,0.99157226,0.000025332596,0.0002956253,0.000006310101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007984077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090397766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015797692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034645273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019851838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005284846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763476717","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.027","title":"Fabrication of cellulose acetate nanocomposite membranes using 2D layered nanomaterials for macromolecular separation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Nanomaterials; Macromolecule; Cellulose acetate; Fabrication; Cellulose; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03953260980733536,"score_gpt":0.3268893807530635,"score_spread":0.28735677094572815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2763476717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9548344,0.0018989915,0.037224323,0.000268274,0.00013099368,0.00005780828,0.00037279527,0.00045829482,0.0047541712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95309377,0.0009074301,0.041998617,0.000102496284,0.000022018809,0.000072976625,0.0003359865,0.000038700564,0.0034279972],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987316,0.000011122644,0.000011797365,0.000028920791,0.000046596335,0.000028407378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992144,0.000016872415,0.000017122924,0.000012921759,0.000020230724,0.000011340705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019966229,0.00032118475,0.00020949563,0.00024151239,0.00022657907,0.00036249694,0.0003168958,0.00053125416,0.00059297157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001967403,0.00028085234,0.00040290845,0.0001513239,0.00010290332,0.00039514608,0.00024783445,0.00045039845,0.00038957119],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009445299,0.00000984288,0.000036344078,0.000024238005,0.000003558893,0.000022649472,0.000006948312,0.00011431456,0.99868065,0.00008137276,0.000030596726,0.00097995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002082515,0.000016041811,0.00019545386,0.0000013625659,0.000003218561,0.000026024478,0.000003472297,0.001228339,0.99785066,0.000019068078,0.0006512371,0.0000029750195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005561721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015372268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00059297157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040627847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027494362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029478073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765125121","doi":"10.1039/c7nj03193a","title":"Tailored PVDF nanocomposite membranes using exfoliated MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets for improved permeation and antifouling performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Molybdenum disulfide; Chemistry; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Permeation; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Molybdenum; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science","score_opus":0.017258256742682287,"score_gpt":0.2500447521197249,"score_spread":0.2327864953770426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765125121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916408,0.0007543893,0.006312296,0.0000700715,0.00004221315,0.000026014553,0.00021573025,0.0001111724,0.00082723453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891328,0.00060079125,0.008448712,0.00004266383,0.0000117904765,0.000023430322,0.00017031778,0.000022880904,0.0015466028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999422,0.000005032492,0.000005236139,0.000016048232,0.000018518529,0.00001305262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994254,0.000011959156,0.000015643236,0.0000040439386,0.000018719538,0.0000071474274],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000081801765,0.00032512387,0.00018066408,0.00012017336,0.00010689735,0.00019791038,0.00020415233,0.00043506516,0.0006221943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014954708,0.00013131085,0.00017718184,0.00013172092,0.000108307664,0.00044232028,0.00014437945,0.00033733368,0.00017776412],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020376167,0.000006478469,0.000044372395,0.000025718664,0.0000030350886,0.000023920682,0.0000053655044,0.00007321515,0.9988763,0.00003281033,0.000019349623,0.00086917577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035371947,0.000030491467,0.00023147151,0.0000010744067,0.000003031097,0.00003209356,0.000007129865,0.0005199122,0.9987753,0.000014002278,0.0003800836,0.0000018809994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002785701,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008201321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006221943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001877122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000110263034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020813942},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765376552","doi":"10.5539/ep.v7n1p1","title":"Treatment of Wastewater from Bean Sprout Production for Reuse","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environment and Pollution","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Wastewater; Reuse; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater reuse; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.02266457954974497,"score_gpt":0.2405855447586488,"score_spread":0.21792096520890383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765376552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890531,0.0015463608,0.0077238414,0.00014060855,0.00003477237,0.00005225729,0.00022787439,0.00014966776,0.0010715221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98983955,0.0008563254,0.0066309324,0.0000659913,0.0000074032637,0.000029989767,0.00035113373,0.000027775122,0.0021908921],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997476,0.000050779905,0.000020299325,0.00005462252,0.00007654941,0.000050240644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999232,0.000010216046,0.000020051857,0.000006869988,0.00002580848,0.000013727593],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025449294,0.0005877712,0.000622795,0.00031677468,0.00041803523,0.00056046044,0.00025049035,0.0006938596,0.000519047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001851666,0.00014399778,0.00064597634,0.0003165863,0.00012425048,0.000338888,0.00033265626,0.00042672027,0.0002602529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027682494,0.00001289421,0.00016552981,0.000047585145,0.0000036644906,0.00005353056,0.000012291696,0.00008862098,0.9983998,0.000007700034,0.000022507038,0.001158134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006429433,0.0002737911,0.003317927,0.000008107715,0.000013569403,0.00013518763,0.000049084625,0.0008016522,0.9940573,0.000020420013,0.0013082245,0.00000827583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032894835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035522797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032894835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005513962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038408313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0065407157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765397048","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/aa9773","title":"Enhanced water transport and salt rejection through hydrophobic zeolite pores","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Desalination; Zeolite; Water transport; Reverse osmosis; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Salt (chemistry); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Water flow; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Catalysis","score_opus":0.011326652883070897,"score_gpt":0.24744390579591202,"score_spread":0.23611725291284114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765397048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947864,0.00019966745,0.00379062,0.000060635055,0.000008442089,0.000011018795,0.00007483875,0.00008895725,0.000979448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976291,0.00012059068,0.0016778826,0.00001940051,0.0000022733368,0.0000059288745,0.000056653113,0.000012809215,0.00047537556],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998343,0.000018914683,0.000010643052,0.000032242104,0.00006019076,0.00004373262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998418,0.00004258966,0.000050208062,0.000014358687,0.00003395184,0.000017119584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021554294,0.00026872946,0.0002631545,0.00013493409,0.00016372598,0.00044900525,0.00025059213,0.0003048812,0.0005674052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003127121,0.00014621767,0.0002907723,0.00009748478,0.00030068602,0.00066263176,0.0003240544,0.00039885327,0.00024378541],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019450394,0.0000047134595,0.0001345531,0.000022541517,0.0000019580796,0.000016900212,0.000009163407,0.00009879976,0.99911135,0.00011517589,0.000011434951,0.0004540026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046256946,0.000043164127,0.0006938688,0.0000013240103,0.0000030009337,0.000024298886,0.00001129067,0.0011767611,0.9976131,0.00003856549,0.00038658746,0.000003538204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011667629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014192625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011667629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000382585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022445702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027759075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765519107","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.078","title":"Fixed-bed column studies of total organic carbon removal from industrial wastewater by use of diatomite decorated with polyethylenimine-functionalized pyroxene nanoparticles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Calgary","keywords":"Polyethylenimine; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Adsorption; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Wastewater; Packed bed; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03567052000950305,"score_gpt":0.2705741754234746,"score_spread":0.23490365541397157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765519107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982249,0.0002948762,0.00062779296,0.00002882332,0.000022042586,0.000012300753,0.0001461724,0.000016286265,0.0006268513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969652,0.000324936,0.0006347314,0.000031635944,0.0000072153193,0.000010008626,0.0001797363,0.000011568211,0.0018349107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981993,0.000015725074,0.000009319091,0.000042277657,0.00005529565,0.00005748511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998429,0.000056434626,0.000014271112,0.000010195622,0.00005560782,0.000020513238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018760414,0.0003275212,0.00046183867,0.0001688188,0.00045042677,0.00042221538,0.00045423253,0.00050532556,0.0011027313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017489986,0.00019595439,0.0004918428,0.00019976894,0.00027891854,0.0002502025,0.00015503203,0.0005700288,0.00030807275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029142495,0.00010834148,0.00023867574,0.00006528959,0.00001718485,0.000045074117,0.000035914672,0.00019506618,0.9977785,0.00003308662,0.000045481047,0.0011460452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015967049,0.00029318238,0.0033272193,0.0000028003954,0.000016624383,0.0000348965,0.000051226874,0.0010434648,0.9948649,0.00001718196,0.0003228604,0.000009672283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01086835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012598823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01086835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006737778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047239402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02161014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765897068","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.10.017","title":"Detection of crystallization fouling in a liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Fouling; Crystallization; Heat exchanger; Materials science; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Moisture; Chemical engineering; Desiccant; Dynamic scraped surface heat exchanger; Environmental science; Heat transfer; Chromatography; Composite material; Heat transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01809827821517871,"score_gpt":0.26489957208429826,"score_spread":0.24680129386911956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765897068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935029,0.00012555362,0.005845391,0.00005869542,0.0000117707095,0.000014528788,0.000044109882,0.000052469873,0.0003446992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943861,0.00013432065,0.0040928856,0.000030944582,0.000008289027,0.000016961474,0.00007519911,0.0000146220245,0.0012406091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997868,0.000046328765,0.000009409262,0.000042842123,0.00006890522,0.00004578522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997402,0.00013382058,0.000031577,0.0000183936,0.000043462955,0.00003247823],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040145885,0.00022181513,0.0002669053,0.00021639482,0.00043377292,0.00033576615,0.00034011438,0.0005334009,0.00051079004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049920304,0.00014257371,0.00022036272,0.00013664216,0.0003599236,0.00033650053,0.0002670677,0.0004263145,0.00017288367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009612371,0.000024985848,0.00042479244,0.000010623068,0.00000282149,0.000026397289,0.000021765192,0.00006895269,0.99857676,0.000052050305,0.000017081464,0.00067759916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033589963,0.000045061326,0.0007958858,7.4624114e-7,0.000001777637,0.000018160328,0.000010077541,0.0017087683,0.9973335,0.000010371085,0.000070488284,0.0000018350169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012421476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014712471,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012421476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038332047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003660324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027811527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766867372","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2017.10.012","title":"A capillary flow model for filtration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Minerals Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers","keywords":"Capillary action; Filtration (mathematics); Filter cake; Moisture; RADIUS; Kinetics; Chemistry; Slip (aerodynamics); Chromatography; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.02400194317606373,"score_gpt":0.24233637446453482,"score_spread":0.21833443128847108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766867372","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.038484126,0.0017994809,0.9102535,0.0021797093,0.00045685505,0.00023620737,0.0011027545,0.000748679,0.044738647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76147866,0.0030248992,0.1254971,0.0008943342,0.00038211755,0.00088327785,0.001368154,0.00053651945,0.10593495],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965894,0.000056591845,0.000013075905,0.00009012339,0.0001204691,0.000060724953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994925,0.00020736681,0.000033233984,0.000033794353,0.00018480331,0.00004820579],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005380646,0.001108285,0.0012327677,0.0008493784,0.0013977209,0.0017916347,0.0024182424,0.004676071,0.005777249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016037624,0.00054025406,0.0015472745,0.0011282633,0.0009726245,0.0023842892,0.0009552481,0.0018931896,0.001304183],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007551207,0.00009699613,0.00032330613,0.0001366415,0.00003504114,0.00019218959,0.000079787,0.752314,0.010211889,0.22342291,0.0045460616,0.008565674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015219967,0.0000108719605,0.000047245736,0.0000054324228,0.000008349188,0.00002326414,0.0000044120743,0.98968315,0.00075958227,0.0074579907,0.0019726534,0.000011793987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033059772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009579461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033059772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022313667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0031282934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.065734684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768725641","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2017.11.015","title":"Custom-made PEI/exfoliated-MoS 2 nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes for separation of bovine serum albumin and humic acid","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Central ElectroChemical Research Institute","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Bovine serum albumin; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009934493133643052,"score_gpt":0.2485605199629994,"score_spread":0.23862602682935635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2768725641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97323036,0.00052263367,0.02469025,0.000051501185,0.000049466176,0.000051492196,0.00027736172,0.0003059799,0.00082104595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9565255,0.0006536689,0.03867876,0.00004804806,0.000014872249,0.000068071065,0.0004273913,0.00006269685,0.0035210187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999869,0.000011467373,0.000017681921,0.00003349904,0.00004918174,0.00001921629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989736,0.000023273782,0.00002616804,0.000010627048,0.000030017633,0.0000124522485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029744103,0.0003467754,0.00021538476,0.00020618604,0.00019301505,0.00020126172,0.00025147916,0.0003413084,0.00051348226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027934328,0.00015599484,0.00023795656,0.00013540775,0.00014944386,0.0003065922,0.0001699855,0.00030206144,0.00023025936],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013010719,0.0000042695283,0.00003770306,0.000014643266,0.0000017583628,0.000011598225,0.0000059050503,0.00004130912,0.9993316,0.000017366685,0.000010487629,0.0005104012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017515396,0.000019043877,0.0004236742,8.474732e-7,0.0000036584927,0.000027604574,0.0000035286844,0.00045552527,0.99863726,0.0000063202474,0.00041875904,0.0000019247982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058665604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002120963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058665604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038983475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022207985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028284192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2769427052","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.032","title":"Removal of PhACs and their impacts on membrane fouling in NF/RO membrane filtration of various matrices","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Lysis; Reverse osmosis; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020427947394705395,"score_gpt":0.28147968396776446,"score_spread":0.2610517365730591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2769427052","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99878114,0.00039404817,0.00036184903,0.0000136877425,0.00001093184,0.0000051817283,0.00007596455,0.0000060679467,0.0003511097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977222,0.00034787226,0.0004924561,0.000018488663,0.0000044766425,0.00000983817,0.00009306676,0.000004835232,0.001306599],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997342,0.000030124196,0.000023352128,0.000043635842,0.00008384048,0.00008490865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998104,0.00004924118,0.00003861127,0.000012391781,0.0000689309,0.000020468682],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024948263,0.00031097792,0.00023655675,0.00021125135,0.00030582646,0.00028474862,0.00019117375,0.0004239838,0.000878663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004651716,0.00015390922,0.0004414595,0.00019280205,0.00021529688,0.0004031926,0.00015939586,0.00037625086,0.00018632968],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006058182,0.00004121583,0.00068427756,0.00008877812,0.00002711784,0.00007932787,0.00009018881,0.0003528665,0.99524987,0.00006024865,0.000038454073,0.0026817122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043822624,0.0002534579,0.004234585,0.0000066549333,0.000026618032,0.00004613421,0.000056872064,0.0007455266,0.9941584,0.000021108952,0.00043633798,0.000009910678],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0046875565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057226066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046875565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029924838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003290667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0093204975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770640845","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23092","title":"Synthesis and characterization of mixed matrix membranes incorporated with hydrous manganese oxide nanoparticles for highly concentrated oily solution treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Phase inversion; Materials science; Nanofiltration; Nanoparticle; Water treatment; Permeation; Cross-flow filtration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.010590221415677595,"score_gpt":0.19594059918844484,"score_spread":0.18535037777276725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770640845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98610455,0.0012625396,0.0115314275,0.000051527953,0.000027849332,0.000044393153,0.00015106378,0.00006318589,0.0007634277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829863,0.0008549568,0.014399886,0.000031335774,0.00000790846,0.000050446662,0.00013339306,0.00002043083,0.0015155259],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999273,0.000009117921,0.000005290885,0.000015198802,0.000029368435,0.000013866065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991024,0.000016685919,0.000025845753,0.00000619461,0.000028829832,0.000012121877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020971707,0.00024370012,0.00016602264,0.0002021809,0.00014639918,0.00021288916,0.00013477592,0.00038655984,0.00025981758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017584128,0.00010695761,0.00023699312,0.00010110121,0.0001135486,0.00023987112,0.00012385007,0.00024065687,0.00015255291],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006327659,0.0000025852794,0.000035511322,0.000014694469,0.0000014590651,0.000011134551,0.000004949218,0.000028806035,0.99951756,0.000017414684,0.0000043696355,0.00035528906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021964504,0.0000489161,0.0008383068,0.000003112487,0.000006082202,0.000040569812,0.000012333109,0.0005201664,0.9976792,0.000012394788,0.00083416735,0.0000026345822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006808875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016301551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006808875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027311116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017241202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019815564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2771243130","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5533","title":"Effect of organic loading rate on the performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) for malting wastewater treatment and biogas production","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Wastewater; Effluent; Mesophile; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Nutrient; Anaerobic exercise; Hydraulic retention time; Bioenergy; Waste management; Fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Biofuel; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011403521267250014,"score_gpt":0.2455214470931283,"score_spread":0.23411792582587826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2771243130","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990658,0.00031549067,0.00026227633,0.000027614527,0.0000118887465,0.000009917177,0.000079197445,0.000023547938,0.00020431145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99833316,0.00032787563,0.0008245816,0.000021662941,0.0000052520295,0.000017746726,0.000113972324,0.000007767447,0.0003481309],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995944,0.00007226015,0.000071317154,0.000083701976,0.00010409917,0.00007427461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994924,0.00017109205,0.00014169657,0.00003253543,0.00008393243,0.000078378725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042731522,0.00060292333,0.00062123645,0.00031771834,0.00019901246,0.0006243283,0.00032482488,0.00051982317,0.0008504826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006598504,0.0002741479,0.00038336724,0.000299318,0.00015223741,0.00035318514,0.00030051178,0.000463358,0.00033368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053195533,0.0000981328,0.0008054117,0.00008236961,0.000014585316,0.000041089097,0.000025761696,0.0002529904,0.9964168,0.000010208688,0.00002415319,0.0016965554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025280668,0.0013740447,0.008917507,0.00001755803,0.00005947695,0.00006675743,0.00007122235,0.0016138129,0.9874129,0.000008144229,0.00041587133,0.000017387812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014778204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012462717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014778204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033121166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029243817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029384494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773913841","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.081","title":"Impact of dead cells on biofouling and pharmaceutically active compounds retention by NF/RO membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Biofouling; Biofilm; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Microbiology; Biochemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Environmental science","score_opus":0.018485059920841235,"score_gpt":0.2815564972670297,"score_spread":0.26307143734618843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773913841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963582,0.0010250075,0.0018467508,0.000047279475,0.000028861316,0.000009059152,0.00007748714,0.000030536525,0.0005767649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99665326,0.00047177952,0.0011972744,0.000049749815,0.000010177743,0.000010208743,0.00009252869,0.000017921484,0.001497149],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993832,0.00010720577,0.00005438331,0.00012068755,0.00017430611,0.00016026899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994721,0.00019253531,0.00010168605,0.000046937766,0.00015214205,0.000034685538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063974084,0.00045067372,0.00041444332,0.00015696499,0.00030073905,0.000906732,0.00038871163,0.00069821737,0.0010695776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080142653,0.00018057006,0.00045778503,0.0000896177,0.00047441138,0.0010900326,0.0003528683,0.00049397425,0.00036937158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037766172,0.000018108554,0.00024152939,0.000056714067,0.000011997892,0.000045142595,0.000045670276,0.0001845854,0.9970999,0.000070921866,0.000018060144,0.0018297866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032628197,0.00009190375,0.00023288855,0.0000033063127,0.000010268784,0.000020566626,0.000022860144,0.00030741404,0.999076,0.000010284935,0.00021834415,0.000002959771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013391785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008821241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013391785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048383264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032141572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035780668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775047419","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.022","title":"Probing molecular interaction mechanisms of organic fouling on polyamide membrane using a surface forces apparatus: Implication for wastewater treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Calgary","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Surface forces apparatus; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Adhesion; Humic acid; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02230349546482349,"score_gpt":0.2630695968597928,"score_spread":0.24076610139496932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775047419","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99426705,0.000400852,0.0045491434,0.00016851434,0.000015460744,0.000010168202,0.000032291864,0.000024656461,0.0005319578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961026,0.00036540843,0.0025877247,0.00004695554,0.000017616709,0.00001277143,0.000037310405,0.0000045212046,0.0008250977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987674,0.000024486862,0.000004814246,0.00002111852,0.000036407597,0.00003651045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998134,0.00007769448,0.000040844847,0.000014178229,0.00003168085,0.000022201835],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032704198,0.00030936245,0.00015006946,0.0002251442,0.00034540004,0.00030563667,0.00046058506,0.0006176382,0.0010077519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035875183,0.0001440023,0.00023469212,0.00012651112,0.00053102657,0.0005344911,0.0002521329,0.00063890184,0.00014556288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057131776,0.000025871013,0.00037607798,0.000023216297,0.0000051954844,0.000025161089,0.000028986875,0.000089778696,0.99775773,0.00027946717,0.000025980073,0.0013054485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000087176295,0.00014710677,0.00250017,0.0000022240267,0.000009541745,0.000048477643,0.00005230378,0.0022769712,0.99435353,0.00008568183,0.000506977,0.000008323323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001189762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007918646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001189762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031272494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025405973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033712983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775804534","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.029","title":"The roles of pH and draw solute on forward osmosis process treating aqueous naphthenic acids","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Shell Canada; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Fouling; Naphthenic acid; Forward osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Sodium; Inorganic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chloride; Precipitation; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Corrosion","score_opus":0.013415941001729083,"score_gpt":0.2813472170260542,"score_spread":0.2679312760243251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775804534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99690264,0.00072772393,0.00090760255,0.0001350401,0.00004849543,0.000009858967,0.000044363514,0.000015379697,0.0012089302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981042,0.0006546784,0.0003002274,0.000024022096,0.000008147006,0.0000036148983,0.000019363602,0.000003772316,0.000882067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999038,0.000015038908,0.000006416264,0.0000139024705,0.000032496315,0.00002824123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986553,0.000052460964,0.00002210669,0.000006306724,0.0000403002,0.00001329369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001865551,0.00024403264,0.00020725137,0.00012024741,0.00018951455,0.00043128413,0.00019375925,0.00028997334,0.00087700854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030962654,0.00014066616,0.00023567313,0.000103147264,0.00027673668,0.0008247151,0.00020925468,0.00037672263,0.00014966419],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010164307,0.000071821676,0.0006851067,0.00014775044,0.000017439741,0.00015256794,0.00012277548,0.0006319557,0.9890743,0.00043767033,0.00010617137,0.00753602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001579505,0.00015931256,0.0019954508,0.000008810952,0.000026114081,0.000035310484,0.0001287882,0.0041517853,0.99259263,0.0001391059,0.0007378209,0.000009079637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015552457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020952427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015552457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033597604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031118732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030924082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777661347","doi":"10.1002/app.46169","title":"Highly permeable biomimetic reverse osmosis membrane with amphiphilic peptide stabilized aquaporin as water filtering agent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Glycomics Centre; University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Aquaporin; Membrane; Amphiphile; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Water transport; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Biophysics; Materials science; Biochemistry; Biology; Polymer; Water flow; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01483661292269767,"score_gpt":0.24378333629990212,"score_spread":0.22894672337720445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777661347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98487747,0.0015371011,0.011822903,0.0002305202,0.000077868455,0.00003645544,0.000114257244,0.00018061981,0.0011229265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98806936,0.00074758125,0.009205335,0.00006583278,0.000011605923,0.000028193288,0.00010031266,0.000021620092,0.0017500921],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999001,0.000011712471,0.0000072853013,0.00002473609,0.00003536597,0.000020809346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999224,0.0000098714945,0.000031973697,0.0000056733734,0.000016541655,0.000013549574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016978788,0.00031385454,0.00021538106,0.00016305747,0.00016301285,0.00023365568,0.00016646109,0.00043699937,0.00046638635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013772107,0.00013308431,0.00021104657,0.000120972196,0.00017542914,0.00042567658,0.00020704417,0.00045573822,0.0002884153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073480123,0.00000614938,0.000023568959,0.000020213214,0.0000013545329,0.000020235915,0.000005242751,0.000037642443,0.9993599,0.000042381784,0.000016992797,0.00045907722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025995196,0.000038570925,0.00023798364,0.0000020955224,0.0000034092702,0.000062679384,0.0000051976435,0.00052362867,0.9982486,0.000011877945,0.00085985765,0.0000035497214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027445782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023261561,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00046638635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023016566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013167057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016699433},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783160746","doi":"10.1039/c7nj04161f","title":"Hydrophilicity and anti-fouling performance of polyethersulfone membrane modified by grafting block glycosyl copolymers <i>via</i> surface initiated electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"Lanzhou University of Technology; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Copolymer; Membrane; Grafting; Polymer chemistry; Fouling; Radical polymerization; Chemical engineering; Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008370467729626562,"score_gpt":0.21533193416830407,"score_spread":0.2069614664386775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783160746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99895275,0.0003038255,0.0005051004,0.000021699427,0.0000069135094,0.0000018821771,0.00001478387,0.000007580466,0.0001854618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860615,0.00029240025,0.00057478464,0.000013203396,0.000005706924,0.000003029682,0.000029641278,0.000003136488,0.0004720377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999292,0.0000103311195,0.0000049609116,0.000013362325,0.000024802715,0.00001732893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999275,0.00001817422,0.000021159933,0.000004942534,0.000016644235,0.000011467771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014051415,0.00020851259,0.00010876242,0.00009147681,0.00010556125,0.00016148096,0.00011535422,0.0002610203,0.000437477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018583075,0.00007775528,0.00012597603,0.00007881112,0.0001316437,0.00034721455,0.00009750151,0.00022370285,0.00014233193],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032190164,0.0000066353887,0.00010656487,0.000014964521,0.0000016640712,0.000019976616,0.000009211841,0.000046175537,0.9990664,0.000026916492,0.0000084752655,0.00066092995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001839348,0.00005927499,0.0007923271,8.52708e-7,0.0000042993734,0.000030293391,0.000006594746,0.00050450437,0.99841356,0.000010662252,0.00017299902,0.0000028273178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030985952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034828717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000437477,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011332597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013188092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014634728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783269742","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-18724-w","title":"Robust fabrication of thin film polyamide-TiO2 nanocomposite membranes with enhanced thermal stability and anti-biofouling propensity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Fabrication; Thermal stability; Membrane; Materials science; Thermal; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Medicine; Physics","score_opus":0.02261540487962415,"score_gpt":0.22617724203804943,"score_spread":0.20356183715842527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783269742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9674768,0.001782763,0.02742172,0.00020906045,0.000100022495,0.00007026859,0.0002724796,0.00040434577,0.002262757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97830623,0.0007172237,0.018363684,0.000053457265,0.00001985543,0.00006758805,0.00017197418,0.00006295718,0.0022370263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984217,0.000016344886,0.000014739022,0.000039155348,0.000051896255,0.000035677844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998276,0.00003579951,0.000056961115,0.0000187316,0.000038775153,0.000022086886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038057542,0.00040124994,0.00026936922,0.00027089185,0.0002128003,0.00044695078,0.0003216818,0.00056618475,0.0005311853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003602461,0.0002666901,0.0003404206,0.00016198325,0.00021928998,0.00057260034,0.00023921586,0.0005172056,0.00027934564],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006806781,0.000005090596,0.000011207244,0.000012230095,0.0000017937405,0.000012550835,0.0000042646516,0.000053944113,0.99959904,0.000024702598,0.000010273974,0.00025816343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030591843,0.000018122104,0.00016294891,0.0000012474759,0.0000035016503,0.000027443608,0.0000036067836,0.0005881956,0.9987503,0.000009915861,0.00042929314,0.0000022721551],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000424565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009948796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056618475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004524985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023290479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003283143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783548041","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.014","title":"Separation of major and minor lipid components using supercritical CO2 coupled with cross-flow reverse osmosis membrane filtration","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chromatography; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Fouling; Supercritical fluid; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02443750385260774,"score_gpt":0.29997555397417736,"score_spread":0.2755380501215696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783548041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.974112,0.0017195906,0.020190168,0.00017102782,0.00007858082,0.00010516199,0.00045545716,0.00019470263,0.0029733065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759267,0.0013696509,0.016189525,0.00008963978,0.000033244654,0.000059790586,0.00073390023,0.00006579505,0.0055316663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999752,0.0000185101,0.000018598148,0.00005284817,0.00010784049,0.000050239618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983466,0.000026070653,0.000015116448,0.000012023333,0.00008849599,0.000023595587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026979562,0.0004955811,0.0004151155,0.0006741851,0.0006142945,0.0005961813,0.0002641973,0.00035265472,0.000408146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028760772,0.0001546899,0.00028690248,0.00047516945,0.00027976758,0.00050214474,0.00029930827,0.0004967835,0.000291705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007781967,0.000012651808,0.00013201452,0.000018257895,0.0000044412996,0.000020170657,0.000013879717,0.000051654755,0.99719596,0.00009270215,0.000029148918,0.0023513753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052408527,0.000043553217,0.0013832739,0.0000021617282,0.0000094407615,0.00003527871,0.000012808604,0.00080480153,0.9967313,0.00006411653,0.0009009044,0.0000071903496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010677666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012107854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010677666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006900546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014750332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021231055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783924542","doi":"10.1039/c7ta09898g","title":"Hydrogel-embedded tight ultrafiltration membrane with superior anti-dye-fouling property for low-pressure driven molecule separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"L'Alliance Boviteq","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.009646839791537567,"score_gpt":0.24447481385159053,"score_spread":0.23482797406005296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783924542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95142776,0.0029482876,0.043832798,0.00019924082,0.000088544206,0.000033500553,0.00022693336,0.00035541624,0.0008875391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97409344,0.0011722845,0.02209262,0.00009474184,0.000020919713,0.00003060581,0.00020948274,0.00004241099,0.0022435295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991083,0.00000928998,0.000007805435,0.000022848826,0.000026395726,0.000022895507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991035,0.0000118876815,0.000029136005,0.0000064485,0.000015949217,0.00002621429],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019837022,0.00041287902,0.00023205849,0.00015744347,0.00014396869,0.00023003753,0.00024218317,0.0004825718,0.00037095055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018490847,0.00013338542,0.00022309514,0.00013941921,0.00012872007,0.0006008192,0.00024674635,0.00044229435,0.00023708762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008039903,0.000005665973,0.000017787888,0.00001615581,0.0000012505385,0.000010903175,0.0000034687625,0.000019574405,0.99908483,0.0000304617,0.000014167912,0.00078769797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005260405,0.000054366283,0.00061338505,0.000002148078,0.00000946966,0.00008688038,0.0000052330706,0.00086583156,0.99754983,0.00001548058,0.00078657025,0.000005438238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060189096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014425789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060189096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034656023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026094142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025144815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2785348332","doi":"10.1007/s10661-018-6508-7","title":"Ozonation of offshore produced water: kinetic study and fuzzy inference system modeling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Zhejiang University of Technology","keywords":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system; Ozone; Chemistry; Inference system; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Pollutant; Environmental engineering; Fuzzy control system; Fuzzy logic; Computer science","score_opus":0.02129620525632018,"score_gpt":0.2827561154600868,"score_spread":0.2614599102037666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2785348332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86896557,0.0002478452,0.12718126,0.000108123255,0.000019613526,0.000036260953,0.0001056228,0.00007194295,0.0032637755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959489,0.00010367523,0.0027487397,0.00000409371,0.00000224369,0.000008248956,0.000038498372,0.000004834968,0.0011407707],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991465,0.000015676878,0.000007988676,0.000020052219,0.000025543193,0.000016097727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995473,0.00031014634,0.0000429681,0.000015535115,0.00007362829,0.000010347315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035666293,0.00045006326,0.00051670085,0.00031982653,0.0003985737,0.000650011,0.0005002581,0.0006584658,0.0007165266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093812495,0.00024822017,0.00057814515,0.0002936185,0.00029618235,0.00063722127,0.00026038272,0.00043573315,0.000079374375],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025153003,0.00006490664,0.002334056,0.0000819678,0.000031866362,0.00013729904,0.00006110915,0.9707573,0.015650613,0.0014134641,0.000107315784,0.0091086505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035047797,0.000021459144,0.00048315016,0.0000010609798,0.00000825873,0.000007694344,0.0000144905725,0.9965911,0.0026426883,0.0001825313,0.000039325874,0.000004780024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.030448763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015983747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030448763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005949949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00062853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06054306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789479904","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.088","title":"Adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto isolated polyamide active layer of NF/RO membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Adsorption; Polyamide; Membrane; Chemistry; Layer (electronics); Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02469921830545975,"score_gpt":0.2938889107800381,"score_spread":0.26918969247457836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789479904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967217,0.0006043972,0.0015791924,0.000035746278,0.000018376684,0.000010351535,0.00007788412,0.000025768348,0.0009265306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954476,0.000499184,0.00201889,0.000031801817,0.000013323079,0.000013425307,0.00012780774,0.000009357477,0.001838634],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981636,0.000014278848,0.0000101466985,0.00004216388,0.00004608754,0.00007093491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999192,0.000024815907,0.000015017713,0.000009101999,0.00002239802,0.000009523089],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002026323,0.00035232102,0.0003079996,0.0002477116,0.00027969023,0.00027809935,0.00037078225,0.000427446,0.0011183013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023084875,0.00014494707,0.000455804,0.0001410659,0.00017884934,0.0003718928,0.00017630952,0.0003712113,0.00037379886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007968869,0.000011992017,0.000095721865,0.000035247704,0.00000679128,0.00003139768,0.000017709093,0.00009814953,0.998719,0.000028772702,0.000016017566,0.0008596535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004055359,0.000072195005,0.0009239969,0.0000038428557,0.000008787615,0.000026577352,0.000016971524,0.0007006615,0.9979354,0.000012150488,0.00029211637,0.0000032482749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018176257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017569178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018176257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034255954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023088703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037410855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789635967","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.03.059","title":"Vapor-gap membranes for highly selective osmotically driven desalination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Membrane distillation; Permeation; Microporous material; Materials science; Desalination; Chromatography; Permeability (electromagnetism); Osmosis; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.021079768851390544,"score_gpt":0.28953900637140606,"score_spread":0.2684592375200155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789635967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95589983,0.0072285132,0.02845495,0.0008633927,0.0003490705,0.000042521395,0.0002632471,0.0004620188,0.006436516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870768,0.0021988822,0.0065687452,0.0001111074,0.00004870639,0.00002039502,0.00017054341,0.0000519658,0.0037529536],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998952,0.000013360073,0.000005526193,0.00001898469,0.000040325194,0.000026636937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994516,0.000017311913,0.000010719984,0.0000054102825,0.000013174215,0.0000081703265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018377703,0.00021852608,0.00022754114,0.00016381078,0.00024708066,0.00039536314,0.00031909253,0.00039569056,0.0010500597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018675638,0.00017683179,0.00016046836,0.00014366081,0.00021326888,0.0007105854,0.00055903755,0.0007327334,0.0004373238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034949804,0.000009020819,0.000054036922,0.00006759436,0.000005776876,0.000024793711,0.000020490887,0.00007888508,0.99381554,0.0009110535,0.00027010244,0.0047076996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041672306,0.000029548753,0.0002007149,0.0000029510607,0.000004362163,0.000039435494,0.000013665218,0.0010400944,0.99520713,0.00013538054,0.003318396,0.0000040586688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031514262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008898079,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010500597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033254529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023878565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035127997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790717657","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.01.075","title":"A novel integrated method for quantification of interfacial interactions between two rough bioparticles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Flocculation; Particle (ecology); Adhesion; Rough surface; Surface (topology); Materials science; RADIUS; Biological system; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Geology; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.049178236281908635,"score_gpt":0.3810936418791181,"score_spread":0.33191540559720945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790717657","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28439665,0.0086626625,0.6996848,0.00044760582,0.00052819075,0.0004987569,0.0008125554,0.0020854152,0.0028832804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.37511992,0.0027012536,0.61330485,0.0005866687,0.00017574015,0.00058780785,0.00063926016,0.00012261984,0.006761927],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985886,0.00017604236,0.00004957785,0.0003880683,0.0006990854,0.00009853989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942917,0.00015993632,0.00008806137,0.000054243465,0.00021048568,0.000058113495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086052547,0.0010186232,0.00095948955,0.0012798583,0.0004223822,0.00088164187,0.0014942951,0.0021151537,0.0008876223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006835525,0.0007277005,0.0005696396,0.00045746722,0.0004488178,0.0010478038,0.0011278007,0.001603741,0.00075460336],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032445278,0.000032682477,0.00017275284,0.000082572216,0.000019042915,0.000020904918,0.000018281424,0.00004788087,0.9926553,0.00011691261,0.00009773418,0.00670357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001783435,0.00019245455,0.0013114709,0.000013576254,0.000073789975,0.0002822028,0.000029384448,0.009488679,0.9861233,0.00012924153,0.0022880158,0.00004990685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007452076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022046252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021151537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061850203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00063252985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004550934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790810679","doi":"10.1039/c8ta00623g","title":"A CO<sub>2</sub>-responsive graphene oxide/polymer composite nanofiltration membrane for water purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Permeability (electromagnetism); Polymer; Materials science; Molecule; Composite number; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011404629914261135,"score_gpt":0.2403409013259537,"score_spread":0.22893627141169257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790810679","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95907205,0.0030068767,0.03285665,0.000536341,0.00018803771,0.00009159438,0.0002604885,0.00077018363,0.0032176902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97954386,0.00089779135,0.015977679,0.00016976694,0.000025004209,0.00003425436,0.00014189213,0.000043057873,0.0031666742],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999012,0.000008718343,0.000004639533,0.000024225912,0.000042219286,0.000019001613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993765,0.000008917446,0.000012748849,0.0000051142747,0.000018387183,0.000017233571],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011148936,0.0004881821,0.0002545893,0.00026144995,0.0003589109,0.000263341,0.00030326846,0.0006465366,0.00047941215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013247013,0.00017976368,0.0002535525,0.00020908297,0.00022772369,0.00043276555,0.0002502619,0.00049530243,0.00027025773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012594156,0.0000088926645,0.000024135428,0.000019121631,0.000002169224,0.000022597604,0.0000029289845,0.000045423814,0.99897397,0.000039134255,0.00004394837,0.0008051034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029800256,0.00004699593,0.00046651514,0.0000013204301,0.0000066930534,0.00008466968,0.000004856472,0.0009835103,0.99743587,0.000018488961,0.0009435393,0.000004607585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012075756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002615532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012075756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005040197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031108464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036569238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791412879","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001376","title":"Optimization of an External Nanofiltration Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating a High-Strength Starch-Based Wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane reactor; Membrane; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Starch; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005824563180046593,"score_gpt":0.1958586358296198,"score_spread":0.1900340726495732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791412879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921009,0.00028068066,0.0068114526,0.00005798639,0.000030008814,0.00010168798,0.00016087144,0.00008092126,0.00037535356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96355504,0.000678902,0.033490833,0.000091189184,0.000020283953,0.0002929592,0.00064126105,0.00005432452,0.0011751264],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990833,0.00013367017,0.0001585451,0.00019782562,0.0003291475,0.000097532524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958307,0.00008960578,0.00011548,0.000036506895,0.00012785908,0.00004754128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009798809,0.0010407126,0.0009829622,0.000318728,0.0003686961,0.000967026,0.0006392146,0.00086837437,0.00033799763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009101584,0.00031549495,0.0006777049,0.00036203276,0.00030006372,0.0004967457,0.00053110806,0.0007100046,0.0002427623],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069291156,0.00006163852,0.00017564575,0.000062500134,0.0000066086905,0.000015663032,0.000010441395,0.00016969947,0.9986772,0.000011190813,0.000008124789,0.00073190866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016969418,0.0003711339,0.002072801,0.000008859492,0.00003475797,0.000048940226,0.00002232388,0.0010436266,0.9959007,0.000007735099,0.00046388377,0.000008278148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019327584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002610422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019327584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007213723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008149194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005233884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792614961","doi":"10.2134/jeq2017.09.0360","title":"Removal of Pollutants in Different Landfill Leachate Treatment Processes on the Basis of Organic Matter Fractionation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Quality","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Organic matter; Effluent; Environmental chemistry; Fractionation; Pollutant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical oxygen demand; Fraction (chemistry); Dissolved organic carbon; Total organic carbon; Humic acid; Biofilter; Wastewater; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.031175822721143314,"score_gpt":0.2831896922815779,"score_spread":0.2520138695604346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792614961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955171,0.0010833816,0.00273341,0.000030284426,0.000011543941,0.000033225966,0.00007731445,0.000045775934,0.00046803174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901664,0.0013821753,0.0062412894,0.000053490396,0.000014251099,0.00006303611,0.00027492474,0.000025184438,0.0017791465],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999798,0.000021970163,0.000022922939,0.000039331866,0.000067071545,0.000050715047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999305,0.000010657625,0.000017391832,0.0000051913885,0.000022972155,0.000013232398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026667843,0.0005316019,0.0004218738,0.00035395636,0.0001971745,0.00044627918,0.00014519911,0.00031743222,0.00020833452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018116624,0.00018113153,0.00047446496,0.00027609104,0.00020459604,0.00031219318,0.00029696757,0.00022755416,0.00015905713],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007779725,0.000022048884,0.00033217357,0.0000378478,0.0000073855776,0.000012823511,0.000011145723,0.00014048786,0.9972254,0.000012558859,0.0000068420172,0.0021135542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008285166,0.00024523176,0.005691748,0.000005310136,0.000028451466,0.00003834384,0.000017504719,0.0010627249,0.9923524,0.00002633281,0.00051590713,0.000007665368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013696738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018126874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013696738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036243733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002647056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027233362},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793469459","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.03.006","title":"Permeation characteristics of tailored poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) ultrafiltration membranes and probing its efficacy on bovine serum albumin separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Ethylene glycol; Bovine serum albumin; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Fouling; Phenylene; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.02879215423435549,"score_gpt":0.2708254218459675,"score_spread":0.24203326761161198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793469459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99786514,0.00016189642,0.001673583,0.00002340059,0.000005399749,0.000004631256,0.000059405545,0.000020384388,0.00018623486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99798006,0.00019388695,0.0011531354,0.00002257878,0.0000026033003,0.0000086114105,0.000075528,0.000014892271,0.0005486872],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997768,0.000035833895,0.000015027551,0.000050523868,0.00005985319,0.00006197248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997342,0.00007988061,0.000074621625,0.000017587652,0.00006829086,0.000025432082],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033525744,0.00026876788,0.00014654078,0.00013419667,0.00017170918,0.0003234032,0.00017453618,0.00041482397,0.0004420899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005402379,0.00011059894,0.00021253547,0.0001470935,0.00023369044,0.00043567253,0.00013860203,0.000327318,0.00016394719],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003081267,0.000007237478,0.000085615815,0.000008402991,0.0000012958584,0.000010890405,0.000015907235,0.000028895933,0.9995664,0.000010589987,0.0000050528242,0.00022885688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.6636027e-7,0.000046465586,0.00075744046,9.857151e-7,0.0000030829503,0.000015226856,0.000009734534,0.0002360113,0.99884903,0.0000035461096,0.000076014214,0.0000016643042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001092472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00096117676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001092472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029255557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015831662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021722913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794759422","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.105","title":"Bacteriophage-based strategies for biofouling control in ultrafiltration: In situ biofouling mitigation, biocidal additives and biofilm cleanser","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilm; Bacteriophage; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Bacteria; Chemistry; Microbiology; Chromatography; Escherichia coli; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008830521626558332,"score_gpt":0.2647142492687146,"score_spread":0.2558837276421563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794759422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97325236,0.00787892,0.016725922,0.00028315352,0.00011869054,0.00005198882,0.00009221247,0.000096733274,0.0015000121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9776627,0.0041068103,0.014774834,0.00010092982,0.000025081836,0.00003685557,0.0000795144,0.000023829856,0.0031895584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998161,0.000031580905,0.000013204249,0.000035324778,0.00006329716,0.000040468552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999131,0.000015172229,0.000019369856,0.000009048457,0.000030980937,0.000012285533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003635868,0.0005041624,0.0002972823,0.00022578632,0.0002496661,0.0007631101,0.00032943932,0.0005630455,0.00042913566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024723524,0.00018222077,0.00035279326,0.00013669024,0.00024938703,0.0005681192,0.00036150627,0.00053165737,0.00015202041],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002641946,0.000027512217,0.000047386846,0.000037614853,0.0000038376115,0.000006772072,0.0000083245495,0.000084593405,0.99771655,0.00006723778,0.000014488285,0.0019593847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002780882,0.00008768151,0.00017896874,0.000003571023,0.000008051346,0.00001459417,0.000009876879,0.0005675659,0.99862707,0.000026558364,0.00047064445,0.0000026718396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010783097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020049918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010783097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006037479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033758866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004380524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795043750","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.03.048","title":"Stability study of extruded dual layer hollow fibre membranes in a long operation photocatalysis process","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; European Commission","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Photocatalysis; Chemical engineering; Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Irradiation; Layer (electronics); Embrittlement; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.04800798225274026,"score_gpt":0.29873378331210876,"score_spread":0.2507258010593685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795043750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986437,0.00025510887,0.0008997354,0.000016798933,0.0000065972226,0.0000031878512,0.000051852243,0.000015194152,0.00010798487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986092,0.000110354355,0.00053330173,0.000008452125,0.0000039873908,0.000004629302,0.000067671215,0.000009106649,0.000653457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997099,0.00003360509,0.000025501264,0.00008302583,0.00009376521,0.000054136257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995919,0.0001259269,0.0000813748,0.000045166897,0.00012924123,0.000026360596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040954407,0.00021924065,0.00030285819,0.00021386758,0.0003763348,0.00044038394,0.00027846734,0.0004948124,0.000584636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064566283,0.00017065379,0.00035729274,0.0002239504,0.0003667787,0.0006055153,0.00027133359,0.00046641706,0.00019171991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030671203,0.000024854467,0.00043622925,0.000023983848,0.000011544652,0.000055433622,0.000060955357,0.00020822958,0.9974905,0.00003392088,0.000014774963,0.0013329324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000056471954,0.00022211668,0.002506197,0.0000022113004,0.000015516545,0.00004160847,0.00003585335,0.0011872853,0.9957301,0.0000118850185,0.00023501871,0.000006421571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014765813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012557368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014765813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003848965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021961454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029360056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795145445","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.058","title":"Wetting phenomena in membrane distillation: Mechanisms, reversal, and prevention","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":727,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Desalination","score_opus":0.13044241157136957,"score_gpt":0.39776539198803834,"score_spread":0.2673229804166688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795145445","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00016385535,0.9990845,0.00016664041,0.00010945901,0.00008440433,0.0000048612483,0.000010371365,0.0000036004765,0.00037236017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008995637,0.99849606,0.00016607503,0.000051595685,0.00008730024,0.0000052999253,0.000012760432,7.40822e-7,0.00028055528],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995968,0.00004988618,0.00004785243,0.00009192202,0.00016909483,0.000044453423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993136,0.00034644586,0.00013347942,0.000023433482,0.00014665314,0.00003644311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093721773,0.0014945064,0.0022374508,0.0032068992,0.0004991945,0.0016141728,0.0014052236,0.0017753611,0.0020905023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011393001,0.0005309648,0.0007362559,0.0035501232,0.0010337397,0.0023961803,0.0010412515,0.0017448481,0.0011023806],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089565045,0.00013306139,0.00032251,0.040475145,0.00014920271,0.00020841027,0.00010280961,0.0006652968,0.0066796183,0.007105892,0.008929946,0.9351385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000036821548,0.00027594232,0.0017581016,0.007118785,0.0004317942,0.0019829592,0.00020411935,0.00052167295,0.010799382,0.007396539,0.96937525,0.00009869324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014988825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027308045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032068992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007546426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015722315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069934726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796486488","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2018.07.01","title":"Clay Nanoparticles Composite Membranes Prepared with Three Different Polymers: Performance Evaluation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidade de São Paulo; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Membrane; Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Polymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Materials science; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015753584683282786,"score_gpt":0.26713132234608156,"score_spread":0.25137773766279875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796486488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98844993,0.002681182,0.0072718062,0.00009911343,0.000050433002,0.00005838916,0.00022617169,0.00012993248,0.0010328724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98250866,0.0025827491,0.012412701,0.000046504694,0.000019968144,0.00007537207,0.0003097191,0.00006790648,0.0019764798],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959344,0.00006195728,0.000044544475,0.000077575525,0.00014304619,0.00007950535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963,0.00009408796,0.000072982024,0.000024978091,0.000133435,0.00004456259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044351068,0.0007665853,0.00067442347,0.0004330482,0.00026330308,0.00042792366,0.0002638733,0.0008246602,0.0005160706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006302737,0.00021830366,0.00063368445,0.0003673813,0.00019637618,0.0006161421,0.0003344979,0.00066111906,0.00026558683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004549028,0.000015871921,0.000033480526,0.00008499992,0.0000073646333,0.00002110793,0.000011398976,0.000057306916,0.99878746,0.000008683031,0.000007643094,0.0009192283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018206173,0.00011089629,0.00027981686,0.0000030938215,0.00001489802,0.000030264493,0.000008260095,0.00016988527,0.9990834,0.0000036657268,0.00029065457,0.0000034433358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005733294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009111714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008246602,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032976706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021735908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00239259},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800497981","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2018.04.009","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel Cellulose Nanocrystals-based Thin Film Nanocomposite membranes for reverse osmosis applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Contact angle; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Regenerated cellulose; Cellulose; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.0161573720531926,"score_gpt":0.2445150950831951,"score_spread":0.2283577230300025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800497981","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98475504,0.00093213865,0.011873106,0.00009695838,0.000030268418,0.000040338055,0.00021378121,0.00007700617,0.0019813124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866145,0.00060289504,0.009820704,0.000029684676,0.0000092132295,0.00003366844,0.00021974016,0.000031046882,0.0026385372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998752,0.0000074038117,0.000009774876,0.000027913353,0.000058840076,0.000020796608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984753,0.000035520537,0.000032896085,0.000011793834,0.00005415533,0.000018098086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021353891,0.00021492237,0.000188061,0.00024993715,0.00022019491,0.00032428929,0.00020438877,0.00031537467,0.0006042102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031057172,0.00018001598,0.0002490164,0.0001515827,0.00011816379,0.00034023987,0.00011405438,0.00034176814,0.00015446923],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013373732,0.000009573083,0.000050225757,0.000016311813,0.0000024045678,0.000014802865,0.000004670418,0.000110960726,0.9989454,0.00003707985,0.000015250983,0.0007800655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017675403,0.00001706598,0.0004055716,8.681759e-7,0.0000031403526,0.000017707654,0.000004188908,0.0011092783,0.99810934,0.0000068212275,0.00032214596,0.0000021456601],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019252662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003366632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019252662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052521174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037259966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003828168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800522109","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.091","title":"Cellulose acetate composite membranes tailored with exfoliated tungsten disulfide nanosheets: Permeation characteristics and antifouling ability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Cellulose acetate; Chemical engineering; Tungsten disulfide; Permeation; Materials science; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Nanocomposite; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material","score_opus":0.01444799676180102,"score_gpt":0.25287968042825726,"score_spread":0.23843168366645623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800522109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985637,0.00019694681,0.0009302914,0.000020961472,0.0000105626395,0.000003299028,0.000041578154,0.00001521303,0.00021744795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974579,0.00018112683,0.0012310048,0.000018222296,0.000004425463,0.0000047411963,0.000076645374,0.000008799055,0.0010172967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991465,0.000008259418,0.000008410545,0.00001838264,0.000028272632,0.000022041504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987066,0.000027674934,0.00003309623,0.000011369518,0.000037110898,0.000020069627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016485325,0.00020735474,0.00017169084,0.00015853324,0.000112585476,0.00019626666,0.00017596994,0.0003497509,0.0003950043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002459914,0.00014669793,0.00018380297,0.00014984269,0.00012564109,0.0004182062,0.00010931651,0.00029969375,0.00012645469],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050618768,0.0000072072567,0.000084962296,0.000010841052,0.00000248979,0.000019245965,0.000009584575,0.000046566955,0.9992436,0.000020575431,0.000010920487,0.0004934486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020965717,0.000032305,0.00051793,5.081626e-7,0.0000034546351,0.000022526881,0.0000066315743,0.00034055082,0.99896264,0.000006195483,0.00010301757,0.000002052314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046957683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007883909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00046957683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001721817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011845394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001321435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802470000","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.003","title":"Transport of trace organic compounds through novel forward osmosis membranes: Role of membrane properties and the draw solution","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Cellulose triacetate; Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.06168512394010605,"score_gpt":0.29039601737232873,"score_spread":0.22871089343222267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802470000","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98682845,0.0013463758,0.0101412805,0.0005753393,0.00007903613,0.000012116919,0.00007251408,0.00009725895,0.00084770145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98872536,0.001885255,0.00511006,0.00008702184,0.000027717491,0.000010483087,0.000100336096,0.000026589612,0.0040271985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999193,0.000009674551,0.0000062402746,0.000023424265,0.000021023963,0.000020394506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999887,0.000042155276,0.000021372405,0.000008469278,0.00002899432,0.000012101625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032116912,0.00029107713,0.0002656385,0.0001622485,0.00025309628,0.00095210964,0.00044732247,0.0007448374,0.0005741784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003138061,0.00018495554,0.00021884592,0.00011168951,0.00029458702,0.0016434299,0.00023694319,0.0005561053,0.0002730362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067423716,0.000018558592,0.000070476664,0.00003581878,0.0000041339267,0.000030958745,0.000017697994,0.00015902169,0.9969296,0.00067411305,0.000045611465,0.0019466581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000875469,0.000054210137,0.000113314476,0.0000023479706,0.0000073647952,0.000037815447,0.000018954455,0.003163461,0.9955532,0.00015125443,0.00088440365,0.0000047960257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007736315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081342744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095210964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00089273805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036887755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006477356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802678016","doi":"10.2166/wst.2018.175","title":"Dynamic characterization of a FeCl3-dosed anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating municipal wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office","keywords":"Wastewater; Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009170081994687556,"score_gpt":0.2380870510579926,"score_spread":0.22891696906330505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802678016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99671954,0.00022512929,0.0024522755,0.000060298276,0.000010730775,0.000042210275,0.00015337439,0.00006256427,0.00027384085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954856,0.00022621981,0.0033055295,0.000048520895,0.000005261519,0.000048350816,0.00021049037,0.000017753344,0.0006522828],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955744,0.00009601617,0.0000461472,0.000068212,0.00016286052,0.00006934111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978405,0.00006723147,0.00003836789,0.000014596428,0.000068574634,0.000027216636],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005683895,0.00036279391,0.0006961438,0.0002445399,0.0003540917,0.00055373734,0.00031886325,0.00058345054,0.00037879712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058866426,0.00014832093,0.0003628406,0.00022825845,0.0001782606,0.00030174336,0.0002494132,0.00043083052,0.00026047562],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000096003176,0.000033724107,0.00023219534,0.000029217754,0.0000030028311,0.000026326503,0.000018882685,0.000121306504,0.9986076,0.0000064083674,0.000009657944,0.0008158768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011478495,0.0005138453,0.0040174494,0.0000075026533,0.000015250715,0.00006738447,0.000060625356,0.0024378756,0.99240255,0.000011064731,0.00044684604,0.000008227519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003907909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029291555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003907909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000593218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039853284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077703595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803350058","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.017","title":"Transient, spatially resolved desaturation of gas diffusion layers measured via synchrotron visualization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Western Economic Diversification Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council; National Research Council Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Montana State University; University of Saskatchewan; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Synchrotron; Diffusion; Convection; Gaseous diffusion; Chemistry; Saturation (graph theory); Volumetric flow rate; Transient (computer programming); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Optics","score_opus":0.012056826608798856,"score_gpt":0.2548634240737161,"score_spread":0.24280659746491723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803350058","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904495,0.0003594572,0.0068925596,0.00015100215,0.00001647798,0.00001760959,0.00028724092,0.00014941752,0.0016767716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960056,0.00020302237,0.0027540224,0.00003154292,0.0000072612534,0.000019618868,0.000115700284,0.000019868956,0.0008433792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998964,0.0000107631395,0.0000037796556,0.000028355502,0.000030592695,0.000030021583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982387,0.00006728715,0.00003658136,0.000016054475,0.000038711376,0.000017540282],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018885327,0.0002450756,0.00023735312,0.00024276068,0.00029698058,0.00045862515,0.00035140445,0.00034571878,0.0015338777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003702514,0.00022198056,0.00013244146,0.00035046999,0.0003607494,0.00057087204,0.0003557878,0.00064973166,0.00013940033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014411424,0.000019928022,0.0005493406,0.000021780459,0.000004043453,0.00003614533,0.00007711746,0.00020835838,0.99702495,0.00026678358,0.0000801433,0.0015672586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020620364,0.00007771311,0.0043098526,0.0000058284395,0.000006100752,0.000038160117,0.00009093837,0.0060557653,0.9883024,0.00013792246,0.0009464079,0.000008378702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001824612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017242604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001824612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000735495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003628411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005336404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803409995","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2018.83337.1185","title":"Membrane Fouling Prevention and Control Strategies in Pulp and Paper Industry Applications: A Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Pulp (tooth); Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.09302025013205163,"score_gpt":0.4366587686660564,"score_spread":0.3436385185340048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803409995","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00034161357,0.9986594,0.00023291488,0.00013646617,0.0000815805,0.0000068220256,0.000016305943,0.000006223746,0.00051867944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013589626,0.9978733,0.0003736242,0.00006315006,0.0000664943,0.000007032195,0.000020139614,9.823096e-7,0.00023633432],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959856,0.00004988551,0.000077526216,0.00006987377,0.00016678739,0.000037263384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929357,0.00033718193,0.00014648457,0.000015922213,0.00017158166,0.00003526445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087663805,0.0011320884,0.0013836503,0.0036131674,0.0004196827,0.0010023792,0.00093934,0.0013937784,0.0025104387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010603362,0.00043737254,0.00092403294,0.0028246308,0.00040852575,0.0015643776,0.000555817,0.0011151221,0.0008633515],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064580905,0.0001998351,0.0003840943,0.06354971,0.0001578304,0.00025080502,0.000112348716,0.0009614922,0.0074861557,0.0028231272,0.009890065,0.91412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017741851,0.00047528205,0.0022083905,0.010723979,0.0005943559,0.0016638938,0.00019616644,0.00052275445,0.005886363,0.0016122891,0.9760367,0.000062096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016764594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002414485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036131674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005765612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014281472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008398235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803760215","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.089","title":"Green silica-based ceramic hollow fiber membrane for seawater desalination via direct contact membrane distillation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Materials science; Hollow fiber membrane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Wetting; Fiber; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01430569203124591,"score_gpt":0.27255806117187653,"score_spread":0.2582523691406306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803760215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97530043,0.0019787396,0.01827282,0.00018781125,0.00012744575,0.000041797954,0.00021290735,0.000358394,0.0035195812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989136,0.0007222428,0.007685522,0.00006222305,0.000019738898,0.000020866872,0.00011228693,0.00002352134,0.0022177112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998485,0.0000070299116,0.0000082908955,0.000031193453,0.00007792844,0.000026988786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999366,0.000008549757,0.000014403994,0.0000069153048,0.000021002725,0.0000125783245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016381874,0.00030843625,0.00029041435,0.0002962733,0.0002472791,0.00024098568,0.00031491223,0.00045334492,0.0006137851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001369312,0.0001840069,0.0004243677,0.00022248933,0.00025899077,0.0005119355,0.00050534966,0.00039795577,0.0003770325],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030308405,0.000008879379,0.00007250771,0.00006922944,0.000005724473,0.00003863826,0.000015826457,0.00014391619,0.99643564,0.00023094888,0.00012741114,0.0028210995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006861334,0.000062985215,0.00064665696,0.0000027885287,0.000010547097,0.00008339976,0.000014118018,0.0015839307,0.99542123,0.00005782119,0.0020985014,0.00001115469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010082984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025509489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010082984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004042585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035906647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002933085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803885406","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.111","title":"Thermodynamic insights into membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: Evaluating thermodynamic interactions with Gaussian membrane surface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Gaussian; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Adhesion; Biological system; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.015322436029576022,"score_gpt":0.2989720585016215,"score_spread":0.2836496224720455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803885406","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929489,0.00016650454,0.0062030037,0.000066232125,0.0000073196416,0.000010494667,0.000019216173,0.000029062136,0.0005493325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986682,0.00012001938,0.0009083385,0.000015333017,0.0000038123458,0.000006795801,0.00001565059,0.000009541902,0.0002523306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969375,0.00006720681,0.000010773507,0.000033635904,0.0001304116,0.00006437546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968135,0.00018391843,0.000024596586,0.0000149235075,0.00006613194,0.000029096707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007651534,0.0002661963,0.0003845222,0.00033069265,0.0004556235,0.00050404685,0.00046622392,0.00047762753,0.00079966395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010848256,0.00020721581,0.0003181927,0.0002798911,0.00057106226,0.0006134359,0.0005126172,0.00060684414,0.0001722441],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023741112,0.000117199306,0.0027577952,0.000057893394,0.00001804413,0.00010365217,0.00009194158,0.009980375,0.98106915,0.0013037728,0.000057827838,0.004204961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015772404,0.00029811842,0.003911202,0.000003951507,0.000020074529,0.00005222318,0.00013314879,0.14443274,0.8504962,0.00038909237,0.00022392631,0.000023549723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025733956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002284099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025733956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062921626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058214855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051167607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804418647","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.012","title":"Janus graphene oxide nanosheet: A promising additive for enhancement of polymeric membranes performance prepared via phase inversion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phase inversion; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Graphene; Nanosheet; Janus; Contact angle; Oxide; Polysulfone; Scanning electron microscope; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Fouling; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010969688741491885,"score_gpt":0.27538460764886935,"score_spread":0.26441491890737745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804418647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921853,0.0017312277,0.003929694,0.00013220223,0.000078018296,0.000015189757,0.00007294652,0.00009593706,0.0017594493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943979,0.00065454294,0.0031255444,0.00003797701,0.000019186089,0.0000063033162,0.000056252044,0.00001752926,0.0016848791],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993515,0.000010023079,0.000004718246,0.000012365878,0.000024764928,0.000012868993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999528,0.0000107935775,0.0000117101845,0.000004939549,0.000010435864,0.000009337874],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010500426,0.00024927483,0.00014250888,0.0002852771,0.00015563576,0.00026177318,0.00021559905,0.00029910775,0.00042355512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013175007,0.000116532436,0.0001255004,0.00013083054,0.00011359397,0.00040361754,0.00017341727,0.00035923885,0.0001494778],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041383504,0.000019148529,0.000041070114,0.000053631924,0.0000055945043,0.000037121346,0.000010507648,0.00009092046,0.9970674,0.00018785622,0.000039674327,0.002405711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002848341,0.00006749428,0.00016696138,0.00000223271,0.000008312716,0.00002829731,0.0000053932913,0.0006337795,0.99829465,0.00003187739,0.0007555358,0.0000025480576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012527227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048118553,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00042355512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000923658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010356208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014169216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804936699","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.042","title":"Preparation and antifouling property improvement of Tröger's base polymer ultrafiltration membrane","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Synthetic membrane; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Polymer; Solvent; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014290619164126295,"score_gpt":0.2692563510681666,"score_spread":0.2549657319040403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804936699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98556846,0.0011227343,0.011976049,0.00009393351,0.0000404552,0.00003165128,0.00006211889,0.000110050474,0.0009945907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982447,0.0009933144,0.013879451,0.00004919461,0.000017205084,0.000026769381,0.00014477092,0.000026741289,0.0024154827],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999869,0.00001624439,0.000013143847,0.000030195308,0.000041646643,0.000029867468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999467,0.0000066937832,0.000014830539,0.000008312731,0.000017288297,0.0000061849714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025607063,0.00029330823,0.00030153172,0.00026366458,0.00029090737,0.0002119672,0.00027442485,0.0004006262,0.00044470947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020041072,0.00013980127,0.00043491542,0.00019947108,0.00013363213,0.00041963233,0.00016298922,0.00043693063,0.00023105374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018516344,0.000014165975,0.00005556246,0.00002306421,0.0000031254676,0.000027404689,0.000011137978,0.00006918943,0.99753076,0.000038384067,0.000015783166,0.0021929028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025211757,0.000059920138,0.0005110116,0.0000011665078,0.0000070414185,0.000045709905,0.000005535793,0.00030248804,0.9984535,0.000008333892,0.0005997219,0.0000031002774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054425554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073653593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054425554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019403195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022822231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014877319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805340976","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.06.001","title":"Effective removal of bovine serum albumin and humic acid contaminants using poly (amide imide) nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with GO and MoS2 nanosheets","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Humic acid; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Ultrafiltration (renal); Bovine serum albumin; Biofouling; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.006723931657599384,"score_gpt":0.21812695918254696,"score_spread":0.21140302752494758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2805340976","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943059,0.0005305237,0.0044918843,0.000042048025,0.000015111139,0.000009796417,0.00006313215,0.00009535817,0.00044624353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99443936,0.00035846015,0.0035014227,0.000039437255,0.000007799619,0.000010119867,0.00007547163,0.00002081601,0.0015471433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998536,0.000011045841,0.000011010745,0.000030409703,0.00005207781,0.000041895408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998977,0.000016936678,0.000023799212,0.000006903794,0.000039119786,0.000015492114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022109953,0.00040325968,0.00028487568,0.00023580395,0.00022170242,0.0003826722,0.00021226086,0.00041135293,0.00025737425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017808443,0.00017472834,0.00031892981,0.00012535568,0.00015601807,0.0003451459,0.00023830302,0.00033537444,0.0001881898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011699937,0.0000037411228,0.00003998626,0.000009276869,0.0000017362928,0.000008489374,0.000005405723,0.000022495555,0.99953425,0.000009510421,0.0000062605664,0.0003471727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012514032,0.000022851662,0.00052496564,8.394828e-7,0.0000036892077,0.000018424096,0.000007167235,0.00044381904,0.9987902,0.0000059355375,0.00017863678,0.0000021308126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017711712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025812467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017711712,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003807389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002423206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035216808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806181442","doi":"","title":"Numerical study of frost formation in a membrane for HVAC applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"HVAC; Frost (temperature); Membrane; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Computer science; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Air conditioning","score_opus":0.016678785541001807,"score_gpt":0.297560338246854,"score_spread":0.2808815527058522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806181442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8777512,0.00069054554,0.10209869,0.0007987728,0.00015112036,0.000105514,0.0002658269,0.00030414894,0.01783433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97767544,0.00018839739,0.018575031,0.000043540753,0.000012163647,0.000047508693,0.000081102684,0.00002133256,0.0033554637],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999138,0.000015852072,0.0000050976555,0.000015249559,0.00003012725,0.000019769015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999622,0.00021946184,0.000047025103,0.000021180396,0.000068310546,0.000021983711],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029643576,0.00025445657,0.0004225367,0.00026179614,0.0006210781,0.0005987492,0.00041880546,0.0011017182,0.001703221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010094552,0.00016093097,0.00040752435,0.0002635613,0.0005445726,0.0004516362,0.0003721664,0.0005514446,0.00016244201],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006488591,0.000050457744,0.0017531491,0.00008451605,0.000010878721,0.00018889715,0.00008928819,0.97555363,0.014448965,0.0032615287,0.0003116268,0.0041821804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000451779,0.000019523526,0.00019915344,0.0000039331353,0.0000015356471,0.000013395118,0.000018537463,0.9981439,0.0011883125,0.00017451753,0.00022913657,0.000003575758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0072041587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033251243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0072041587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007040996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007117467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014324427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806508237","doi":"10.1038/s41545-018-0006-x","title":"Can osmotic membrane bioreactor be a realistic solution for water reuse?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Reuse; Reverse osmosis; Process engineering; Fouling; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Membrane bioreactor; Osmosis; Environmental science; Osmotic power; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02797640244632214,"score_gpt":0.252923161842118,"score_spread":0.22494675939579586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806508237","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3812768,0.18141966,0.21989426,0.15933912,0.008702506,0.0003218342,0.0007499,0.0012420558,0.047053855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8826244,0.043835603,0.054213334,0.0066015976,0.00095447677,0.00018478281,0.00033486792,0.000100608595,0.011150268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991467,0.0003010582,0.00004326835,0.00013525969,0.00028357396,0.00009016745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994276,0.00015205955,0.00013195274,0.000064699554,0.00016993264,0.000053640786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001507979,0.00038170817,0.0006442963,0.00028833197,0.0005233211,0.0020775849,0.00092323864,0.0031745082,0.0032394072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019305429,0.00017906724,0.0005089801,0.00028502918,0.00078769453,0.0025407025,0.000753996,0.0012593906,0.0021890618],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001018603,0.0005280516,0.0043207454,0.0056058443,0.00017534585,0.0023461438,0.00028585806,0.01534992,0.6900438,0.06752413,0.019758416,0.19304308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011771672,0.002328351,0.0038370632,0.0012405253,0.00017760479,0.0025569517,0.0016518937,0.025737507,0.3898965,0.06656115,0.5056975,0.00019716586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007102888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010969997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032394072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00080397597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008536547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01083684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806791851","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.070","title":"Improvement of stability and performance of functionalized halloysite nano tubes-based thin film nanocomposite membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Halloysite; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phase inversion; Zeta potential; Reverse osmosis; Thermogravimetric analysis; Polyamide; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.013247249850720129,"score_gpt":0.2404465501284273,"score_spread":0.22719930027770718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806791851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978289,0.00035008413,0.0013651368,0.0000319028,0.000016677584,0.0000047391527,0.000036339618,0.000037768415,0.00032847538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972398,0.00022040721,0.0013940051,0.000012353052,0.000006040652,0.000006738783,0.00006146464,0.000012945689,0.0010461208],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986637,0.000016944563,0.000013654778,0.000029612922,0.00004720863,0.00002615947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998658,0.000026669884,0.000029794428,0.000012707052,0.00004856277,0.000016508271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019057225,0.00025887918,0.00017035301,0.00018328792,0.00018005444,0.00028545395,0.0002887267,0.00044344075,0.0005444963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029021426,0.0001681407,0.00021840629,0.000114579045,0.00013024788,0.00035631275,0.00018041155,0.00035970577,0.00017394473],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003259118,0.0000065162526,0.0000336411,0.0000092220225,0.0000026243135,0.000009747021,0.0000061439764,0.0000369815,0.9995078,0.000020595458,0.000007742929,0.00032629294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011024148,0.000026638094,0.00015250889,5.812421e-7,0.0000032410424,0.000008092771,0.0000034763716,0.00038729046,0.99930465,0.000003427143,0.000107468906,0.0000015344374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004954665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000835335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005444963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026865516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013697063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019492507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807474715","doi":"10.1002/app.46678","title":"Functionalized polymeric membrane with aquaporin using click chemistry for water purification application","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Glycomics Centre; University of Alberta","funders":"National Institute for Nanotechnology","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Azide; Substrate (aquarium); Chemical engineering; Click chemistry; Aqueous solution; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Conjugate; Materials science; Combinatorial chemistry; Covalent bond; Ultrafiltration (renal); Peptide; Solvent; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013709067188000818,"score_gpt":0.25197431445357205,"score_spread":0.23826524726557122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807474715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9597536,0.0022547713,0.034489725,0.00024444485,0.00009608377,0.0000840316,0.0001771189,0.00063383306,0.0022664906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98170817,0.0011086521,0.014334176,0.00011602303,0.000022411305,0.00005878539,0.00020112455,0.000033084096,0.0024174256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998247,0.0000166801,0.000011571159,0.000041601288,0.000066731736,0.000038718652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999907,0.000015110249,0.000034861907,0.000008048292,0.000019668649,0.00001528405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022020539,0.0006104021,0.0002742023,0.00024837357,0.0001764587,0.00029145813,0.0003453398,0.00061377685,0.00079648057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016281525,0.0002438584,0.0003613032,0.00023047176,0.000220348,0.0005826417,0.0003722945,0.0004597501,0.00050983083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011108933,0.000007372068,0.000029994893,0.00003101567,0.0000030579388,0.00003678526,0.0000059092126,0.000046878828,0.9988122,0.000064960965,0.000029485573,0.0009213091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032596045,0.000044275086,0.00031426334,0.0000017471349,0.0000062684603,0.000105380546,0.0000033124616,0.00043375167,0.9979887,0.00001721838,0.001076925,0.0000049554606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024002533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023947626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079648057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032671753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015614575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026644468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807932022","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.06.032","title":"Layer-by-layer self-assembled chitosan/PAA nanofiltration membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Chitosan; Acrylic acid; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Microporous material; Cationic polymerization; Thermal stability; Layer by layer; Chloride; Layer (electronics); Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01346275145444477,"score_gpt":0.27270760289794294,"score_spread":0.2592448514434982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807932022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90824944,0.0034048893,0.082785554,0.0003773397,0.00017737164,0.0002515863,0.00088736834,0.0008411982,0.003025225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92493445,0.002182896,0.065371744,0.00024136556,0.00006152066,0.00013045642,0.00087087683,0.000059128197,0.006147554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976903,0.000020278052,0.000019831334,0.000047441594,0.00009794391,0.00004547896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998393,0.000029927996,0.00003467817,0.000011859503,0.00006753775,0.000016669897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028928273,0.0005648001,0.00037053597,0.00028237954,0.00023410747,0.00029539925,0.00050772534,0.0005153219,0.0007609559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002791681,0.00021879168,0.00041698196,0.00022563156,0.00012726588,0.0004941949,0.0002259071,0.00057168334,0.00060952595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016780969,0.0000061712894,0.000021627995,0.000021917087,0.000004732617,0.000011488459,0.0000026878804,0.00003982294,0.9992125,0.000027004719,0.000031040676,0.0006041647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000063195453,0.000056330864,0.00040922588,0.0000012229309,0.000011420302,0.000029410274,0.000002860357,0.0010312941,0.9977914,0.000017310262,0.00063939806,0.0000038345406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012399572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020055291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012399572,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004725046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038352166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034282207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808340276","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.8b01076","title":"High Water Flux with Ions Sieving in a Desalination 2D Sub-Nanoporous Boron Nitride Material","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Université de Rennes 1; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Boron nitride; Reverse osmosis; Nanoporous; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Osmotic power; Water desalination; Water transport; Ion; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Water flow; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.007915714852257909,"score_gpt":0.21615767720843876,"score_spread":0.20824196235618084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808340276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937056,0.00043346762,0.0030318995,0.00012936108,0.000052347714,0.000011402959,0.00015703018,0.00018348749,0.0022955092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880427,0.00046921073,0.009309406,0.000046858513,0.000012136539,0.000029986071,0.00017408753,0.000037774735,0.0018778706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999534,0.0000030930005,0.0000022892145,0.000013310412,0.000019336121,0.0000086703085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999703,0.0000055785927,0.0000070719907,0.000003236142,0.000006089778,0.000007769085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000696035,0.00021093294,0.00023835414,0.00018737407,0.00020299935,0.00025942127,0.00021982842,0.00042476068,0.0006946344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007603806,0.00019676809,0.00019510368,0.00010091435,0.00014944686,0.00027967984,0.0002244553,0.00023370581,0.00029704685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024177118,0.000016786751,0.000086468455,0.00004435603,0.000004386869,0.0000586942,0.000013804757,0.00089614297,0.9977635,0.0002616995,0.00008041512,0.0007495825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003269371,0.00014574942,0.0010354272,0.000008770631,0.000010439488,0.00009794004,0.000020216467,0.018464644,0.97702175,0.00018702251,0.002959071,0.000016198008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006666576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011602079,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006946344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032296844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013367903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002343297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808553566","doi":"10.1002/j.1551-8701.2007.tb01914.x","title":"Net Charge Equals Positive Change","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Current (fluid); Environmental science; Particle (ecology); Charge (physics); Dosing; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Physics; Medicine; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.029886770044985096,"score_gpt":0.2739268734594693,"score_spread":0.2440401034144842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808553566","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.031543847,0.0032383734,0.017347524,0.008066117,0.007735692,0.00012269181,0.0011716252,0.00046224252,0.93031186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.64437276,0.0032657832,0.007930138,0.004178084,0.0018131331,0.00021836547,0.00076476316,0.00026792742,0.33718896],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990926,0.00014554853,0.000053775722,0.00020165213,0.00038694762,0.000119493394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906415,0.00023699125,0.000099718876,0.00016041566,0.00031691408,0.00012189577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006495366,0.0004669642,0.00034531215,0.00070024084,0.0008696491,0.0028436359,0.000839712,0.00090378296,0.08988166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030048657,0.00012635958,0.00032409982,0.00072069105,0.0013593439,0.003412904,0.0014603372,0.00078130094,0.013943754],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026691737,0.00011596037,0.00335272,0.0005392676,0.0000537957,0.00043088902,0.00034479407,0.0016859716,0.0069767185,0.65141004,0.041117765,0.29370514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044528093,0.00025452566,0.0040478082,0.00014358993,0.00003977504,0.00092481374,0.00049593026,0.0017038065,0.0050072763,0.20412354,0.78316975,0.000044732395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00096689654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00114332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08988166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010380009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006585186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808929023","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23289","title":"Modelling of cross‐flow microfiltration coupled with bentonite treatment in sugar beet molasses purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja","keywords":"Microfiltration; Bentonite; Chemistry; Sugar beet; Sugar; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Turbidity; Sucrose; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Food science; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01567014587328446,"score_gpt":0.21319882056908077,"score_spread":0.1975286746957963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808929023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782105,0.00055422715,0.01930862,0.0000903786,0.00002213539,0.000050971852,0.00016134452,0.00010712089,0.0014946321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957184,0.00043797397,0.002816348,0.000009877532,0.0000024230394,0.00003434697,0.00006767891,0.00001093292,0.00090206927],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999892,0.000018244844,0.000006606622,0.000023899172,0.000032869953,0.000026412454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998876,0.000058922902,0.000015755591,0.0000063619864,0.000023251037,0.000008172896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025472892,0.00048081417,0.00058556197,0.0002638318,0.00025714174,0.00077836786,0.0004742334,0.0010937486,0.0007509478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003322759,0.00028279552,0.0008242308,0.00027203944,0.00022665405,0.0004041614,0.00018245897,0.0004329106,0.00017288153],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027610885,0.00020632881,0.0032165556,0.00031104815,0.00007091823,0.00025621662,0.00007422264,0.7390382,0.24991022,0.0006710133,0.0001329812,0.005836187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013865939,0.00014913658,0.0017305578,0.0000060467632,0.000019051526,0.000023838857,0.000021272675,0.9549332,0.042690635,0.00007943233,0.00032059025,0.000012375448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018103564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009063701,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018103564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009513184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055518164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.035996377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809049914","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.06.036","title":"Redundancy analysis for determination of the main physicochemical characteristics of filtration membranes explaining their fouling by peptides","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Hydrolysate; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Peptide; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Biochemistry; Mathematics; Nanoparticle; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.016881562499262176,"score_gpt":0.26635631776465996,"score_spread":0.24947475526539778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2809049914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8712429,0.0006980332,0.12356034,0.00015292711,0.00004365681,0.00014778024,0.0027238932,0.00046069667,0.00096982485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.919219,0.0002569819,0.074035116,0.000054301763,0.000029946039,0.00025843934,0.0055763647,0.00009402316,0.00047589245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992085,0.0002697564,0.0000758945,0.00017063582,0.00016526782,0.000110074456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834216,0.0009897499,0.00012929169,0.00011380619,0.00033744643,0.000087614375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018126433,0.00091193314,0.0009847081,0.0019015498,0.00075106655,0.0007404502,0.00058263115,0.0004326824,0.0013906196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030614834,0.00020864602,0.0023262957,0.0014146072,0.00032264407,0.0004321927,0.00056691514,0.00067200913,0.00039252455],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003814986,0.001357349,0.05601365,0.0016562807,0.0022536449,0.0009365731,0.0008042871,0.046021882,0.6233484,0.0039038395,0.002743402,0.2571457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016153134,0.002225062,0.2077724,0.00011551701,0.002486694,0.0010421815,0.00065327086,0.66492295,0.10865647,0.0075292443,0.0041695493,0.000265098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018277316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013922163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019015498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036101413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010480793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009586275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809524907","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.067","title":"The characteristic evolution of soluble microbial product and its effects on membrane fouling during the development of sponge membrane bioreactor coupled with fiber bundle anoxic bio-filter for treating saline wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Harbin Institute of Technology; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Anoxic waters; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Hollow fiber membrane; Wastewater; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fiber; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.008399917841052611,"score_gpt":0.21334072059569797,"score_spread":0.20494080275464535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2809524907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985266,0.00016829264,0.0009046017,0.000032028674,0.0000099949,0.0000041912867,0.00006156795,0.000010317475,0.00028229467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980742,0.00016424163,0.00082417234,0.000014409272,0.0000028431666,0.000006279397,0.00009766007,0.0000070536685,0.00080910866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998863,0.000014080114,0.000008899818,0.000024891648,0.00004108889,0.000024665504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986136,0.00002715548,0.000034581506,0.000008033684,0.00004139733,0.00002749369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001366217,0.00027514505,0.00014123562,0.000115720104,0.00012676508,0.00027001486,0.00015505037,0.00023892571,0.0003972697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002349915,0.0001293149,0.00025504216,0.00012003045,0.00015767258,0.00023133257,0.00015380023,0.00030129464,0.00010671291],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038275764,0.000009153241,0.00018658326,0.000008892107,0.0000019553217,0.00002271006,0.000011768259,0.000024954852,0.99929345,0.00001705635,0.00000701222,0.0003782048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026674063,0.00009949715,0.0026501152,0.0000013611168,0.0000069438306,0.00005194813,0.00002333189,0.00045193313,0.9965404,0.000011257963,0.00015767985,0.0000029492908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001012947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013280894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001012947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016993364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020224799,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002014041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810159685","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.015","title":"Anaerobic digestion of thin stillage of corn ethanol plant in a novel anaerobic baffled reactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Instituto Nacional del Cáncer; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Stillage; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Methane; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic exercise; Washout; Oxygen; Mesophile; Bioreactor; Waste management; Chromatography; Sewage treatment; Ethanol; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018077614645903614,"score_gpt":0.23431525263756797,"score_spread":0.21623763799166434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810159685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975464,0.00015208776,0.0018775102,0.000022298802,0.00001290152,0.0000067748315,0.00003131691,0.000027331253,0.00032344362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99670655,0.00016671311,0.00204347,0.000007935912,0.0000062267063,0.0000075169396,0.0000699233,0.0000034620798,0.0009883097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998995,0.000010383053,0.000009978887,0.000026158941,0.00003015039,0.00002373298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995446,0.000008001575,0.000009779008,0.000004322854,0.00000752113,0.0000159561],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014006333,0.0002854782,0.00040781678,0.00023989995,0.00039684505,0.0004987605,0.0004558607,0.0003324258,0.00049521343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000074468546,0.00019449668,0.00031721653,0.00016670157,0.00016997692,0.0003354454,0.0002605069,0.000247877,0.0001687298],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004276915,0.000067494955,0.0009362065,0.000044877288,0.00001009156,0.00008768566,0.000017928562,0.00087286765,0.99515176,0.000053793457,0.000022666982,0.0023069696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000847611,0.00073158694,0.013684395,0.0000131290135,0.00007616465,0.0001652219,0.00012564266,0.021371795,0.9625095,0.000059420927,0.0011568837,0.000021488042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030750833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003813952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030750833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026258532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035744312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0061143637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2811157739","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.102","title":"A review of membrane fouling and its control in algal-related membrane processes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Photobioreactor; Fouling; Biorefinery; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Biofuel; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02305838039503535,"score_gpt":0.291986618167794,"score_spread":0.26892823777275865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2811157739","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00016338582,0.99893016,0.00017000346,0.000108865206,0.00016145414,0.000004276263,0.000023838322,0.0000040646,0.00043391538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00066302705,0.99849665,0.0002724488,0.00009720892,0.00014092395,0.0000045350284,0.000028536664,9.483942e-7,0.00029574457],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996413,0.000042956035,0.00008218339,0.00006680035,0.00013809066,0.000028654456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942505,0.00024399697,0.00012012213,0.000015355088,0.00015853583,0.00003697061],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075766834,0.0010784972,0.0017439837,0.003282047,0.00036405382,0.0012011033,0.0009885555,0.0011345386,0.0024858569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010483459,0.00039095126,0.00073687744,0.0042830682,0.0004036181,0.0018379276,0.0007531296,0.0011982254,0.0008863752],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010597756,0.00014296775,0.00023923216,0.076430984,0.00019941681,0.0002525634,0.00009155304,0.00049870845,0.0070082373,0.0027339011,0.021589814,0.8907066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018658251,0.00026117786,0.0013754742,0.007471733,0.0004567411,0.0011919203,0.00009861934,0.00019024301,0.0027956513,0.0014450852,0.9846346,0.00006011411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011236973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021767197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003282047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047313262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014294902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00831604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883320401","doi":"10.3390/membranes8030046","title":"Concentration Polarization in Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration for the Recovery of Polyphenols from Winery Wastewaters","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Mass transfer; Fouling; Membrane; Dimensionless quantity; Chemistry; Schmidt number; Sherwood number; Chromatography; Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane fouling; Reynolds number; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Mechanics; Turbulence; Physics","score_opus":0.013828872693386842,"score_gpt":0.23265099374986348,"score_spread":0.21882212105647664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883320401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884615,0.0022193217,0.008270928,0.00014907082,0.000016234975,0.00002066418,0.00006371027,0.000031746666,0.0007668356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950187,0.0015443634,0.0028080822,0.000030585583,0.00000865739,0.000019635127,0.000075906726,0.000009908552,0.0004840517],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968565,0.00010036401,0.000012105951,0.00004124312,0.00012087522,0.000039780214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999007,0.000047677273,0.000016706987,0.000004745864,0.000022054232,0.000008186061],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005075703,0.00027509363,0.00025429844,0.0002382269,0.00033030007,0.00040058032,0.00023921495,0.00033065735,0.00026071112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046013348,0.0001931384,0.00024662286,0.00028854315,0.00028879583,0.00042805236,0.00025493884,0.0006384602,0.00013066821],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007338251,0.000019156101,0.0003243023,0.000065091284,0.0000070707915,0.00004127943,0.000033173827,0.000383626,0.99438727,0.000066665954,0.000025176736,0.0045737484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037357315,0.000072336465,0.0022115007,0.000005804872,0.000006549882,0.00006961016,0.000024630683,0.0019721345,0.9951513,0.000045387304,0.00043188618,0.000005209929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012972542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001290753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012972542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003947453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002490254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028641224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883988901","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.75083","title":"Zeolites-Mixed-Matrix Nanofiltration Membranes for the Next Generation of Water Purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"InTech eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Zeolite; Materials science; Thermal stability; Ceramic; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.05906110827420734,"score_gpt":0.2679472243875654,"score_spread":0.20888611611335806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883988901","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011470312,0.873249,0.0291089,0.0013210453,0.0017339659,0.00010716383,0.00063808175,0.000764058,0.08160751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04084609,0.69611895,0.039830822,0.0009587219,0.00057346286,0.00012308954,0.0014262238,0.00023324856,0.21988942],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987626,0.0000064933715,0.0000055995047,0.000019254918,0.000080060825,0.000012252075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99998116,0.0000055818464,0.0000027336982,0.0000022431418,0.000005445091,0.000002774762],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017774716,0.000736763,0.00051309966,0.00088896125,0.00025428995,0.0009053784,0.00048318633,0.00068813673,0.007256386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011502865,0.0003100921,0.0005631582,0.0013329592,0.00020704635,0.0015913956,0.00059060036,0.001529505,0.005140667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008799463,0.00013334943,0.00013219565,0.004740732,0.00006276698,0.00032979128,0.00019260346,0.0012963177,0.30464643,0.030900553,0.03423912,0.6232381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009139066,0.00008504256,0.00047744243,0.00045788244,0.000030174639,0.0006851492,0.000044007425,0.00081603724,0.06043729,0.0056180977,0.93132114,0.000018628976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003262659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012053961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007256386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005707853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034565484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024275064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884044775","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201800184","title":"Temperature Effects on Concentration Polarization Thickness in Thin‐Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Concentration polarization; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Composite number; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.003464131477589345,"score_gpt":0.19718848636982597,"score_spread":0.19372435489223663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884044775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973889,0.0005848482,0.0013974383,0.000024870713,0.000014998766,0.000009779309,0.0000610545,0.00003058336,0.00048746882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99805045,0.0003695328,0.0011665241,0.000013527432,0.000004001261,0.000009033911,0.000035741774,0.000015151103,0.00033599528],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996842,0.00006166868,0.000026320826,0.000060371825,0.000120134726,0.000047338966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990742,0.00040876746,0.00020864593,0.000049433795,0.000219074,0.000039845614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046869696,0.00026989105,0.00029028868,0.00016349807,0.0001792707,0.00046915602,0.0002005931,0.00031041514,0.00062959024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093843247,0.00036890147,0.00029236765,0.00015951521,0.00023993428,0.00043553798,0.00016137245,0.0005029251,0.00018969372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007808328,0.0000092007085,0.00020367248,0.000026518705,0.0000062480826,0.000022789676,0.00002305018,0.00021742216,0.9988348,0.000013154593,0.0000081939625,0.0005569381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031842553,0.000081773695,0.0012420038,0.0000022347315,0.000007786334,0.000018449431,0.000013536899,0.000753903,0.9977665,0.000003837273,0.000103807695,0.0000029669286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006538691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056880084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006538691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028993186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015801573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024787784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884239678","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.086","title":"Novel insights into membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: Elucidating interfacial interactions with real membrane surface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Morphology (biology); Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Bioreactor; Adhesion; Atomic force microscopy; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.016666527446596708,"score_gpt":0.25932665039729424,"score_spread":0.24266012295069753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884239678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9668801,0.0015201041,0.029169444,0.0005429651,0.000046985457,0.000020692942,0.000109673805,0.00009965403,0.0016104118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98895884,0.0009101279,0.008326993,0.00014742863,0.000021169704,0.000016543494,0.00009048456,0.000024722009,0.0015037353],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999858,0.000022588309,0.0000053992862,0.000029135868,0.00004567679,0.000039255086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998728,0.000057378606,0.000018383658,0.000011854054,0.000024645655,0.0000149059515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000299959,0.00035667708,0.00027044694,0.00019765619,0.0003483257,0.00062175124,0.00047579332,0.0008788962,0.001129352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031448473,0.00024487285,0.00025129673,0.00015075042,0.00045359973,0.00089511956,0.00034606978,0.0010026991,0.0003195961],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028746545,0.000016721116,0.0001660865,0.000026145211,0.000003254726,0.000050849976,0.000023911814,0.00010035501,0.99840504,0.00014213692,0.000026439204,0.0010103004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005853492,0.00007212952,0.0016034424,0.000003093417,0.000010410773,0.00012908387,0.00011176658,0.006434413,0.9906837,0.00025962826,0.0006795152,0.00000701799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000669354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008316137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001129352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028795833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021270962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037781},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884447033","doi":"10.1134/s0965545x18040016","title":"Aquaporin-Based Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology: Approaches and Challenges","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Science Series A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Aquaporin; Desalination; Biochemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Water treatment; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.031449526520981125,"score_gpt":0.23205707470891845,"score_spread":0.20060754818793733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884447033","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010173347,0.9651357,0.015918344,0.0046222555,0.00046409594,0.000022574235,0.00007369892,0.00011011561,0.0034798868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.058835026,0.9187037,0.016902173,0.001264205,0.00047198418,0.00007069666,0.0001710276,0.000043853706,0.0035372307],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996123,0.000081724414,0.000027838658,0.0000743013,0.00014356904,0.00006031442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973434,0.00009777542,0.00004153046,0.000014490047,0.00007906526,0.000032950382],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013256214,0.0005607468,0.0008964741,0.00061767467,0.00035002292,0.0013309903,0.0006833754,0.0014687309,0.0014590007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047411365,0.00041319418,0.00043663103,0.000894366,0.00084240426,0.0037541687,0.001021855,0.0022381693,0.0010503483],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012955678,0.0002393662,0.000570794,0.013241889,0.00011630696,0.00062501506,0.00047889745,0.004619923,0.4041349,0.07902884,0.014112812,0.4827017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023799621,0.0005469999,0.00083615753,0.0010531289,0.00008496613,0.0013443083,0.0005722792,0.00676621,0.1715372,0.03174093,0.78538436,0.00010967399],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038612928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076609966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014687309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008721519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000923569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070106387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888126010","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.032","title":"Performance of thin-film composite hollow fiber nanofiltration for the removal of dissolved Mn, Fe and NOM from domestic groundwater supplies","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Groundwater; Composite number; Thin-film composite membrane; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Membrane; Geology; Composite material; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.03830115579655835,"score_gpt":0.30888628812878827,"score_spread":0.2705851323322299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888126010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985353,0.00019345057,0.0008984995,0.000016997295,0.0000097247585,0.0000054530356,0.00006464303,0.00002414833,0.00025181478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99736565,0.00018884175,0.0014959447,0.000016036078,0.0000037333334,0.0000055594896,0.00009173784,0.0000068909235,0.0008255812],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987423,0.000012610328,0.000010958279,0.000025891104,0.000049265323,0.000027102713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999884,0.000028164366,0.000020395944,0.0000055628007,0.00004489918,0.000016952848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023623534,0.00026625593,0.00029696897,0.00019670824,0.00030804717,0.00021284452,0.00024007223,0.00035721765,0.00045725686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029501872,0.00015559168,0.00035261485,0.00011250155,0.00013828612,0.00024184513,0.00012999216,0.00024084807,0.00014936666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013316223,0.000014396727,0.00021806358,0.00002821601,0.0000065870727,0.000016073825,0.000013643435,0.00016634999,0.9980301,0.000007342449,0.00001966621,0.0013463688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005429907,0.00020706297,0.0028422303,0.0000022415593,0.0000115841885,0.000027578606,0.000017814851,0.0017194976,0.99494135,0.0000045391507,0.00021550103,0.0000051177803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0060695256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007863069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060695256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041921288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025167054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012068391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888492444","doi":"10.1039/c8nj02701c","title":"Fabrication of anti-fouling PVDF nanocomposite membranes using manganese dioxide nanospheres with tailored morphology, hydrophilicity and permeation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Manganese; Fouling; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011797912569464577,"score_gpt":0.2383636809190616,"score_spread":0.22656576834959702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888492444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854096,0.00088039576,0.012287226,0.00007986118,0.000034237848,0.000050152026,0.00016270192,0.0001246417,0.0009712044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98007435,0.0007069224,0.017392157,0.000039149145,0.000008923384,0.000055862754,0.00014646663,0.000029545605,0.0015465961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999187,0.0000069895323,0.000007138517,0.000026607224,0.000025849573,0.000014650471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998728,0.000025699776,0.000040966806,0.000011663609,0.000035760182,0.000013006411],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001444786,0.00034783644,0.00019847241,0.00012173303,0.00013520752,0.00019876877,0.00021368901,0.00036395338,0.00033431523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002589851,0.00016399114,0.0002243954,0.000107550906,0.0001405581,0.0003780565,0.0001872851,0.00029510338,0.00013483659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012060431,0.000005656294,0.000041716143,0.000019164634,0.0000025238821,0.000010604176,0.000005107419,0.00003910372,0.9991955,0.00002195397,0.000009560661,0.0006371109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028721659,0.000029504978,0.0004279231,7.9781887e-7,0.0000042925003,0.000040324678,0.000004242321,0.00031977982,0.99873775,0.000008467478,0.00042224972,0.0000018655901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062821404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013147615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00062821404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025884018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001628738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018779635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888631035","doi":"10.1063/1.5025359","title":"Impact of bacterial streamers on biofouling of microfluidic filtration systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomicrofluidics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Clogging; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Microfluidics; Permeation; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01911170540555442,"score_gpt":0.27371614562013474,"score_spread":0.25460444021458034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888631035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944832,0.0011720102,0.003292919,0.00011276074,0.000024019553,0.00003731026,0.00008174661,0.00007226488,0.0007236353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996974,0.0006226892,0.0019236775,0.000047235437,0.0000131794395,0.000019349349,0.00005108289,0.000009430714,0.00033931248],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999571,0.00007282366,0.000032230295,0.00006523315,0.0001411644,0.000117596064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991667,0.00042633218,0.00025410438,0.000023040695,0.0000785785,0.000051243896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004059788,0.0005237805,0.00047556727,0.00024813757,0.0004241576,0.00073897414,0.00021193505,0.00052463735,0.0006152174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00095259823,0.0001694568,0.00032090623,0.00014833748,0.000448515,0.0006412437,0.00045406847,0.00042742174,0.00013858102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009062694,0.000029144861,0.00048637867,0.000089954265,0.000008859552,0.00008880399,0.000041421506,0.0012137217,0.9955551,0.00009840033,0.00002637993,0.002271071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006720771,0.0002724337,0.0011099039,0.0000056268864,0.0000078144685,0.000036043803,0.00001877037,0.0024232983,0.9957417,0.00004912454,0.00032220638,0.0000062354557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007272834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005309084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00073897414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004539501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034220566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032936335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888790344","doi":"10.3390/foods7090144","title":"Effect of Ultrafiltration of Milk Prior to Fermentation on Mass Balance and Process Efficiency in Greek-Style Yogurt Manufacture","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Foods","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Novalait; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation; Université Laval","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Food science; Fermentation; Permeation; Skimmed milk; Lactic acid; Chromatography; Membrane; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.006352224393541717,"score_gpt":0.27220500717832447,"score_spread":0.26585278278478275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888790344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99804,0.0008147399,0.0007202456,0.0000308265,0.000013060158,0.000016790988,0.00007835102,0.000023952773,0.00026195357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964161,0.0008898698,0.001986842,0.000028611517,0.0000061348974,0.00002121759,0.00017201982,0.000030791318,0.00044844317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955505,0.00007652225,0.000050100363,0.00008092535,0.00010250245,0.00013495388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963725,0.00013162909,0.00009216099,0.000022472099,0.00006490114,0.000051547868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007133465,0.00063424575,0.0007076734,0.00030339512,0.00023807501,0.0009498047,0.00030426384,0.00054996565,0.0006430908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015314339,0.00018558885,0.0005096595,0.00046426724,0.0002001596,0.000831869,0.0004287981,0.00069864374,0.00020184113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00089587143,0.00015111071,0.00087063096,0.00012442125,0.000027161757,0.00006617372,0.000089092944,0.00048414516,0.9912873,0.00004528162,0.000031181287,0.0059276912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016686623,0.0007003563,0.008042754,0.00002264648,0.000036740505,0.000042604854,0.000077106306,0.0014819738,0.9889824,0.000013536018,0.00056964747,0.000013474427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032245738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002185414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032245738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006577261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035557078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006411612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888858961","doi":"10.3168/jds.2018-14430","title":"Preparation of milk protein concentrates by ultrafiltration and continuous diafiltration: Effect of process design on overall efficiency","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Novalait; Université Laval","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Permeation; Chromatography; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Pasteurization; Membrane; Skimmed milk; Membrane fouling; Food science; Microfiltration; Biochemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00890076642782504,"score_gpt":0.27443252312347843,"score_spread":0.2655317566956534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888858961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98396,0.0022593874,0.012924026,0.000042041298,0.00001462241,0.000080515434,0.00016995886,0.000072579634,0.00047686053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95149034,0.0033050743,0.04325503,0.000051334966,0.000018515764,0.00014531368,0.00048770237,0.000087567816,0.0011591992],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962425,0.000059311114,0.000052992917,0.00010720708,0.00009993495,0.00005619487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982065,0.00006321461,0.00004885196,0.000014945257,0.00002941424,0.000022965887],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062956446,0.00064102135,0.000643497,0.00030499775,0.00021051623,0.00074481254,0.00044416377,0.0004281154,0.00032928074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060082664,0.00020206296,0.00037681204,0.0005071708,0.00021745732,0.0005571122,0.00030320053,0.00043288953,0.00019495044],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015338865,0.00003870764,0.00013663137,0.0000708722,0.000009072299,0.000011793461,0.000015165953,0.00017513474,0.9963503,0.000019436937,0.000009734846,0.0030098015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000133971125,0.00021491773,0.001689131,0.000005212621,0.000024863162,0.000031379277,0.0000087004255,0.0009266918,0.99661934,0.0000073924875,0.0004543458,0.0000046530154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010235172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013090625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010235172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041308862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003386335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033294559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888878479","doi":"10.11113/amst.v21i1.104","title":"Recent Progress in Reverse Osmosis (RO) Science and Technology","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Materials science","score_opus":0.012625993948829049,"score_gpt":0.272360040424107,"score_spread":0.2597340464752779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888878479","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003170219,0.9755013,0.006342412,0.0023852272,0.0014631393,0.000010241681,0.000047347337,0.000083452556,0.010996656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01239662,0.96985817,0.008175027,0.0007089468,0.0015631577,0.000013718725,0.00010336922,0.000028778793,0.0071520894],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993431,0.00008038144,0.00007507208,0.00013655594,0.00031965278,0.0000452347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985884,0.0006790846,0.00013472015,0.000053386993,0.0004719001,0.00007245075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013293049,0.00047609612,0.0006746813,0.0014533256,0.00032939442,0.0013017954,0.00060263893,0.0010246094,0.0034260042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011874835,0.0004068955,0.00053692237,0.0028264376,0.0006213386,0.0032044505,0.00064442866,0.001419858,0.0016866415],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015499548,0.00012682143,0.00077269773,0.009264462,0.000064676584,0.00027245053,0.00024026437,0.0014343407,0.041284792,0.021279566,0.01866307,0.9064419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074421923,0.00022999037,0.001081193,0.00074041844,0.000056126413,0.0009648063,0.00012958159,0.000917307,0.021084309,0.0074298396,0.96730316,0.00005574484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007272003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007733219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034260042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008243706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010779343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011461139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889253485","doi":"10.3390/membranes8030072","title":"Submerged Osmotic Processes: Design and Operation to Mitigate Mass Transfer Limitations","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Mass transfer; Concentration polarization; Process engineering; Coalescence (physics); Bioreactor; Mechanics; Viscosity; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Physics","score_opus":0.04008605677078103,"score_gpt":0.2457981037534952,"score_spread":0.20571204698271417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889253485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78624254,0.004249269,0.20498265,0.00024960696,0.00008997299,0.00023917362,0.00042919046,0.0008330968,0.002684461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89718586,0.002315665,0.09745733,0.00006920007,0.00003704217,0.00023489672,0.00029301777,0.00009856862,0.0023084767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.000010862978,0.000010167783,0.00003277915,0.000054864235,0.000022898817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987924,0.000015130045,0.000045522334,0.0000139767335,0.000027592081,0.000018587321],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027266445,0.0005132104,0.00035638208,0.00020825388,0.0002323093,0.0005852546,0.0004799023,0.00047488709,0.0006379535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018757803,0.00017880942,0.00030948312,0.0002177887,0.000169233,0.00057840283,0.00035151985,0.00051210757,0.00044705346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042434764,0.000023969218,0.0001275052,0.00011869602,0.0000037292145,0.000023387973,0.00001774948,0.0009208504,0.9913946,0.00017074891,0.00005093677,0.0071054017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011190195,0.0003283386,0.0011164423,0.000010963673,0.000019454224,0.00009782287,0.000021168858,0.006486418,0.98683536,0.00017132434,0.004887481,0.000014147717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032175818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051301304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006379535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030958583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037627041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002246201},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889818033","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.161","title":"Effects of hydrophilic surface macromolecule modifier loading on PES/O-g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalytic membrane for phenol removal","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Photocatalysis; Chemistry; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phenol; Biofouling; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.01099064507536703,"score_gpt":0.24383651677271623,"score_spread":0.2328458716973492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889818033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990318,0.00021029267,0.00032716896,0.000016775677,0.000014042398,0.0000061779338,0.000057431083,0.00001844195,0.00031798854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99816966,0.00021163818,0.00070541824,0.000022213242,0.000005524696,0.000013372998,0.00007009851,0.000010107521,0.00079198513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998579,0.000013940839,0.000016617732,0.000037814767,0.000032007454,0.00004165929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986184,0.000038386388,0.00003232045,0.000013123563,0.00003403,0.000020229576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015927583,0.0003949107,0.00024688966,0.00015273789,0.00016626313,0.00023279089,0.00025738016,0.00037504456,0.0016203746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030815322,0.00018772634,0.0002412956,0.0001569171,0.0001628199,0.00038764477,0.00019133058,0.00030941112,0.00022277483],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002510119,0.000023651295,0.00009002057,0.00004497216,0.0000088573925,0.000028576149,0.00001711417,0.000098226636,0.9985032,0.000020608948,0.00002142861,0.00089242414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006161346,0.00009837886,0.0008957925,0.0000025996537,0.000017570028,0.000012074391,0.000012678894,0.00042124663,0.998283,0.000005840988,0.00024043284,0.000004154536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010473257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022424657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016203746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024134689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017129057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054207444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890396938","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_157","title":"Extraction of Water from Contaminated Effluents by Forward Osmosis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"The minerals, metals & materials series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Clean water; Reverse osmosis; Process engineering; Contamination; Extraction (chemistry); Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.013648244123100714,"score_gpt":0.2288490810104844,"score_spread":0.21520083688738367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890396938","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23186286,0.10381485,0.36018693,0.004031888,0.0033842654,0.00037088752,0.0017728764,0.0023500724,0.29222536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27149945,0.0897708,0.068023846,0.0012006246,0.00033846896,0.00009665671,0.0018589778,0.0004448505,0.56676626],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989355,0.0000042650577,0.0000049086116,0.000016305446,0.00006936,0.000011572608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99998283,0.000004690184,0.000001873859,0.0000023651746,0.000006827224,0.0000014300025],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010722813,0.0005889003,0.00031521748,0.0004286432,0.00021482751,0.0005511863,0.00044934094,0.00041259138,0.00290591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008018987,0.0002466972,0.00039624152,0.00046008106,0.00022524038,0.0009976141,0.00048057226,0.00071830186,0.0038486081],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004025599,0.000058665697,0.000184555,0.00064387225,0.000023902232,0.00026040565,0.00011206507,0.00079255935,0.7212029,0.00623811,0.008003554,0.26243922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043562695,0.000054673565,0.00049484306,0.00006401723,0.000020590645,0.00048133117,0.000041826508,0.0012540118,0.81495714,0.003314551,0.17929612,0.000016538344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050425564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013711414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00290591,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030928018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031930493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00972122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890520616","doi":"10.1002/pat.4438","title":"Improved surface hydrophilicity and antifouling property of nanofiltration membrane by grafting <scp>NH</scp><sub>2</sub>‐functionalized silica nanoparticles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Grafting; Fouling; Surface modification; Nanoparticle; Nanocomposite; Bromide; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.009414727280933632,"score_gpt":0.22608942056072082,"score_spread":0.2166746932797872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890520616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972088,0.0003644979,0.001996225,0.00003587336,0.000011301939,0.000006667196,0.0000253841,0.000025287862,0.0003259251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966313,0.00038635367,0.0021395732,0.00003615698,0.0000087580875,0.000009099461,0.00006593677,0.000011116033,0.0007117116],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991167,0.000010411995,0.0000058858695,0.0000132120995,0.000034192013,0.000024669707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999043,0.000019909898,0.000027920689,0.0000063754123,0.000028274471,0.00001328375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001672499,0.0004236543,0.00021313818,0.00011896345,0.0001208213,0.00019623073,0.00011603602,0.00042755014,0.00035107342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001840213,0.00014427966,0.0003181348,0.00007044829,0.00019737332,0.00029443848,0.0001394252,0.00026558505,0.00013491993],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007173821,0.0000021982653,0.000030757783,0.00000824093,0.0000015111395,0.0000072774715,0.000003538135,0.000027218795,0.9997117,0.0000064002,0.000004201002,0.00018970213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003127137,0.00007786473,0.001375255,0.0000014444663,0.000008040574,0.00005356788,0.000009379036,0.00066058803,0.99754876,0.000008502993,0.00025028383,0.00000326155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053345837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073590095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053345837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022375573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013908897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016234517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890926022","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.027","title":"A novel antifouling technique for the crossflow filtration using porous membranes: Experimental and CFD investigations of the periodic feed pressure technique","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Canadian Bureau for International Education; University of Regina","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Drag; Permeation; Buoyancy; Surface tension; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Mechanics; Porosity; Capillary action; Filtration (mathematics); Work (physics); Chemistry; Capillary pressure; Surface force; Lift (data mining); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Porous medium; Composite material; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0884944183968675,"score_gpt":0.3594469542870605,"score_spread":0.270952535890193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890926022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9194319,0.0011376038,0.07793362,0.00012531919,0.00009788066,0.00006933573,0.000057128793,0.0002550635,0.0008921838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92748004,0.00073872507,0.07047472,0.000042500797,0.000037576996,0.000043661057,0.00007034059,0.000029939343,0.0010825248],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997633,0.000022927457,0.00001295037,0.000047199348,0.00012825709,0.000025323814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997273,0.00007558192,0.00006539703,0.000043730357,0.00006508016,0.000022920312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040176435,0.000291504,0.00040417985,0.00030926339,0.00037179585,0.0004104702,0.0005133425,0.00056375563,0.0003768126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044549268,0.00020383626,0.0002812355,0.00025075822,0.00032973028,0.00067181,0.00029915024,0.0005604821,0.0001150167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046960668,0.000040313804,0.00015968978,0.00005542598,0.00000494673,0.00003072712,0.000025068892,0.0002873139,0.99197173,0.00013503026,0.00003762841,0.0072051594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001349025,0.00028463601,0.001213596,0.0000035912212,0.000010733745,0.00018296373,0.000010579353,0.0062963287,0.9908654,0.000029812687,0.0010781615,0.000010735311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070339337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009742243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070339337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020516332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040601633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021247864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891322772","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2018.87918.1197","title":"Art to use Electrospun Nanofbers/Nanofber Based Membrane in Waste Water Treatment, Chiral Separation and Desalination","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Pervaporation; Filtration (mathematics); Desalination; Commercialization; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Nanofiber; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Interconnectivity; Process engineering; Chemistry; Polymer science; Chromatography; Permeation; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.03388500258246586,"score_gpt":0.34101739268542763,"score_spread":0.3071323901029618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891322772","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22876772,0.12557848,0.3261088,0.006287362,0.0055016954,0.0004233354,0.0013994966,0.0031497008,0.30278343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.56189257,0.085081205,0.17495239,0.0030113044,0.0013775941,0.0004753053,0.0012126991,0.00047152146,0.17152552],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978536,0.000014313853,0.000014772872,0.000045170724,0.00011934271,0.000021046082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994004,0.000008719879,0.000011245837,0.000012803587,0.00002114035,0.000006147559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027262024,0.00047221305,0.00026056825,0.00073642924,0.0006158556,0.00058784126,0.00058697455,0.0010312564,0.007568891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019906655,0.00019734283,0.0005970701,0.0005548473,0.00035666348,0.0012101595,0.0005121107,0.00077983405,0.0037345595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007247779,0.00024308306,0.00039778955,0.0016886719,0.00004031166,0.00048709824,0.00012168924,0.0012392974,0.7788142,0.019539993,0.0062311036,0.19112422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002066177,0.0002304821,0.0013566206,0.00019723922,0.00003926655,0.0013099122,0.00006732771,0.0046930676,0.74012136,0.006220362,0.24570397,0.00003979221],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002910699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005620182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007568891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037025457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025331622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02532047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891946229","doi":"10.1017/s1431927618015155","title":"New Image Texture Analysis, and Application to Polymer Membrane Surface Morphologies and Roughness","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Surface finish; Principal component analysis; Materials science; Surface roughness; Image (mathematics); Surface (topology); Scanning electron microscope; Segmentation; Image texture; Texture (cosmology); Artificial intelligence; Standard deviation; Image processing; Computer vision; Computer science; Mathematics; Composite material; Geometry; Statistics","score_opus":0.005118882714103654,"score_gpt":0.2560777676544712,"score_spread":0.25095888494036755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891946229","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011923722,0.00041159894,0.98415816,0.00014370812,0.00008942267,0.00005031167,0.00019765897,0.0018664391,0.0011588758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10518905,0.00083258795,0.889977,0.000063761065,0.0001400552,0.00013362912,0.00031621373,0.0004595878,0.0028881002],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994306,0.000050652245,0.000027724715,0.00011205457,0.00034448286,0.00003447798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919647,0.00024458035,0.00009326955,0.00009840786,0.00032300685,0.00004424909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054247753,0.0005396954,0.000530937,0.0019579597,0.00036986457,0.0012284606,0.00053251954,0.00045909206,0.0021091497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020137315,0.00046403124,0.00059569284,0.0016902585,0.0005812376,0.0009681797,0.0006089099,0.00093121047,0.0006104588],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018622096,0.00009229413,0.0021361196,0.0004508452,0.00009663656,0.0002722033,0.00016216844,0.018659325,0.42477953,0.007512626,0.0045399205,0.5411121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050096165,0.00016623504,0.010345972,0.00004186055,0.0000792618,0.0015670118,0.0001348155,0.77575165,0.17455065,0.010258008,0.026916882,0.00013751409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015509821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017853625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021091497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004388832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003557778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070557594},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892333132","doi":"10.1007/s10499-018-0301-z","title":"Evaluation of membrane filtration and UV irradiation to control bacterial loads in recirculation aquaculture systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquaculture International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Environment Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Ultraviolet; Bacteria; Wastewater; Irradiation; Pulp and paper industry; Aquaculture; Portable water purification; Microbiology; Chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.020424806954234334,"score_gpt":0.28012138387464264,"score_spread":0.2596965769204083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892333132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99879336,0.00017673221,0.0007829979,0.000014770789,0.0000075094313,0.000018190398,0.00002585626,0.00002034855,0.0001602277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969284,0.0002468506,0.0018865188,0.00001696687,0.000003854437,0.00003458077,0.000047863392,0.000008466287,0.0008265735],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953043,0.00009148626,0.000035117977,0.00009262384,0.00016840351,0.000081957165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993961,0.0001943894,0.00012867767,0.000031747637,0.00018616409,0.000062906794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005646892,0.000443575,0.0005236818,0.00027333543,0.00051135366,0.0006283215,0.00043504464,0.00059349684,0.00066990795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008090983,0.0001783315,0.0005122379,0.00024049127,0.0002609516,0.0005037068,0.0002817022,0.00038949263,0.00014086025],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012973022,0.00040324454,0.0019613307,0.00017439878,0.000027579976,0.000029800934,0.00009039487,0.0016885152,0.98404986,0.00003461165,0.000043250828,0.010199704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028897088,0.0036050247,0.0057347645,0.000008959945,0.00004682563,0.00002697353,0.000064529704,0.0027080418,0.98740864,0.000013570776,0.00034289202,0.000011025768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043481807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045448625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043481807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009822302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00082315627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008645773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892627007","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5833","title":"Customized antifouling polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes for effective removal of organic contaminants from aqueous stream","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Attenuated total reflection; Humic acid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Adsorption; Aqueous solution; Diafiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Microfiltration; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0070934083381271025,"score_gpt":0.2481606312945598,"score_spread":0.2410672229564327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892627007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97879887,0.0019814523,0.01765825,0.00007823999,0.00004900492,0.00006904609,0.00022865915,0.0001625127,0.00097390235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736699,0.0013842875,0.023182988,0.00006506607,0.000014508735,0.00006187959,0.00022278511,0.00002553658,0.0013730576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990535,0.000011886828,0.000008652067,0.000016383497,0.00004075327,0.00001691032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999273,0.000008720401,0.000028765782,0.0000054484753,0.000020308029,0.000009560731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018286878,0.00044477577,0.00021665887,0.00017203286,0.00009605523,0.0002287094,0.00016336513,0.00037487692,0.00031011342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013873941,0.00013731312,0.00026913665,0.00011265947,0.00009060675,0.0002967768,0.00014200265,0.00034568188,0.00016345753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008051518,0.0000062321647,0.00002248074,0.000022195281,0.0000017052193,0.0000142263725,0.0000022029537,0.00005815161,0.9993048,0.000013185406,0.000008340123,0.00053844135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000042744086,0.00006502165,0.0008956329,0.0000032153735,0.0000070212127,0.000079525984,0.000005091578,0.001323856,0.99683195,0.000012072223,0.0007682102,0.000004110902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031253177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005794626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00044477577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022615108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001275795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016408563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892963124","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.09.028","title":"Fabrication of novel aromatic amine functionalized nanofiltration (NF) membranes and testing its dye removal and desalting ability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Amine gas treating; Materials science; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Biofouling; Aromatic amine; Bromide; Streaming current; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.055090675697676374,"score_gpt":0.26830840788458576,"score_spread":0.2132177321869094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892963124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98066187,0.0008628716,0.017054595,0.00008757458,0.000041637755,0.000027677508,0.0001408755,0.00010014369,0.0010227304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97608393,0.00070269045,0.020826437,0.000045636483,0.000013630288,0.000030811647,0.00019581387,0.000018993662,0.002082169],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998653,0.0000083173745,0.000012083625,0.000031466116,0.0000589678,0.000023915041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998859,0.000023053342,0.0000300156,0.000013550501,0.00003350258,0.000013898642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000249113,0.0002754742,0.00019884668,0.00017008958,0.00026805775,0.00022771825,0.0002724737,0.00052182726,0.0004197175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022646069,0.00014472916,0.00034961986,0.0001354425,0.00015825564,0.0005600116,0.00016517172,0.0003220442,0.00016769112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007907118,0.0000046207047,0.000044226614,0.000014626008,0.0000016563981,0.000016556913,0.0000066454563,0.000026927217,0.9993482,0.000019000108,0.0000058254636,0.0005037664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.359415e-7,0.000024152549,0.00052039465,8.210233e-7,0.0000030777383,0.000042144653,0.0000043549594,0.00018844705,0.9988783,0.000008132271,0.0003273465,0.0000018070602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087542186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020254238,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00087542186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003144011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020483398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022811294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893710214","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23345","title":"Current Status and Future Prospects of Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) and Fouling Phenomena: A Systematic Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Activated sludge; Industrial wastewater treatment; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014437243187056028,"score_gpt":0.23792901056143792,"score_spread":0.2234917673743819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2893710214","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00014529898,0.9991961,0.000063220206,0.00026062736,0.0000950652,0.000009070402,0.00006568629,0.0000038588964,0.00016117048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005472612,0.9989593,0.000113779606,0.0001858738,0.000061759216,0.000012717126,0.000059170507,0.0000012088224,0.000058880498],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884194,0.00022981937,0.00042289568,0.00015986337,0.00027176825,0.000073723335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99208707,0.0050983657,0.0012047525,0.00010376555,0.0013079153,0.00019813988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029774536,0.001091295,0.0034895276,0.010095971,0.00042241445,0.002312118,0.0015806614,0.0018356625,0.0054197954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008089394,0.0005999103,0.0028283726,0.009512912,0.00064515776,0.0028353648,0.0011366382,0.0010353142,0.00076880923],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014741623,0.00006481259,0.0007492653,0.5370905,0.00095705857,0.00024935146,0.000290866,0.00029540222,0.00067238853,0.0018834282,0.014052853,0.44354674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000706633,0.00031501977,0.0044123605,0.42360905,0.009032848,0.0015390124,0.00051489903,0.00021782088,0.00045503618,0.0019965698,0.5577489,0.0000879248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037591155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008421633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010095971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011856582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008748675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018131018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895332921","doi":"10.20897/ejosdr/3909","title":"Maximum Production Minimum Pollution (MPMP), Necessary but not Sufficient for Sustainability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Sustainable Development Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Production (economics); Sustainability; Pollution; Environmental science; Business; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Economics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.04330663914862207,"score_gpt":0.3153252500869374,"score_spread":0.27201861093831536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895332921","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3931865,0.010297436,0.51313126,0.005430015,0.00043766297,0.00015668874,0.00089744857,0.00092010625,0.07554286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95656615,0.002127634,0.036414742,0.00017681473,0.0000605082,0.00008168547,0.00015378158,0.00007592331,0.0043426356],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890137,0.00013031707,0.00006781488,0.00023139632,0.0005433239,0.00012575497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947685,0.0001973713,0.00010925447,0.00008210892,0.00010905149,0.000025474224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005783739,0.00030655417,0.000665801,0.00034411935,0.0006811441,0.0013968745,0.000523461,0.0013287093,0.002189896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012935133,0.0002885946,0.00049896375,0.00041735257,0.00097380823,0.0015681568,0.0008283045,0.0008533721,0.0006276096],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029843775,0.00015852811,0.005545455,0.0025811866,0.00008188128,0.0008993482,0.00019919412,0.03672901,0.7221135,0.132489,0.0028405199,0.09606398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000038776863,0.00061674305,0.004547138,0.00017573312,0.00007987119,0.0015534068,0.00027973685,0.054434445,0.7833883,0.09796743,0.056861226,0.00005728472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003233764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040320968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002189896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055879593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009554274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073259473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896149696","doi":"10.1063/1.5047480","title":"Research Update: Liquid gated membrane filtration performance with inorganic particle suspensions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Backwashing; Membrane; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.031282874656979875,"score_gpt":0.2879113346240134,"score_spread":0.25662845996703354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896149696","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.050925683,0.76828575,0.012202963,0.056817852,0.034119677,0.0005567879,0.004987544,0.0016526582,0.07045111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10999238,0.7530392,0.026292104,0.027896997,0.013316333,0.00038494958,0.007649433,0.00039154114,0.061037086],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987453,0.00016211666,0.00017474711,0.00015771166,0.0006401842,0.0001198717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958473,0.0009108858,0.00032937867,0.00015524271,0.0025480266,0.0002090432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002232914,0.0007912551,0.00075320783,0.0010970985,0.00043681235,0.0018094452,0.0012072864,0.0025156874,0.0064912215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0035645205,0.00028968405,0.00060817506,0.0009966908,0.00034880455,0.0025012612,0.0006317728,0.001931073,0.0036240404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006469589,0.00062113145,0.0013393102,0.008414285,0.00015237487,0.0006146004,0.00016860041,0.000373538,0.1260444,0.003096417,0.19260544,0.665923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000051876606,0.0017626395,0.0015505806,0.0006565878,0.00026570182,0.00094255735,0.00012608114,0.00040599552,0.11632197,0.0008971081,0.87695926,0.00005971098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00152003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016870607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064912215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012482574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020555847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021715283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896244010","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03926","title":"Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Separation Efficiency and Desorption Kinetics in the TMA-CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O System","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Desorption; Arrhenius equation; Bar (unit); Thermodynamics; Stoichiometry; Chemistry; Kinetics; Decomposition; Activation energy; Atmospheric temperature range; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.02770948997689005,"score_gpt":0.2817602216772822,"score_spread":0.25405073170039216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896244010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980414,0.00059024454,0.0007639392,0.000033621996,0.000008023291,0.000008467701,0.000092604205,0.000033255812,0.00042859648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985127,0.00044229167,0.0005667845,0.000012548463,0.0000046174487,0.000010036635,0.00007161804,0.000012013564,0.00036739354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998336,0.000021629245,0.000012812129,0.000040619165,0.000050839855,0.000040550156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973243,0.00013839197,0.00005099436,0.000013775748,0.00004967768,0.000014641821],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022486724,0.0002368472,0.00030657463,0.0001588813,0.00022619139,0.00031122082,0.0002529402,0.00030625213,0.0008301467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061669847,0.00022652138,0.00021653292,0.00026505586,0.00030150727,0.0004568456,0.00018751077,0.0005572137,0.0003979954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004986094,0.00003330861,0.0005911975,0.00012492297,0.000013558351,0.00008584405,0.00008407897,0.00070804596,0.99512696,0.00007357842,0.000037398127,0.0026224288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051768316,0.00016535739,0.0024214513,0.000003110256,0.0000083290515,0.00003646612,0.000029852152,0.0019798907,0.99506724,0.000022072305,0.000254838,0.000006245701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001062239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001426565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001062239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022932341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019158942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027770996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896684188","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/20185900001","title":"Membrane surface morphology and fouling in filtration of high DOC water","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane fouling; Chlorine; Surface water; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018935093604820555,"score_gpt":0.2469076936414565,"score_spread":0.22797260003663594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896684188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998544,0.00015910914,0.00034957292,0.000013438893,0.000002621778,0.000011643954,0.00014765911,0.000010347501,0.0007617268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99540484,0.00027026312,0.0013391434,0.000025054187,0.000001059041,0.000010339969,0.0002856546,0.000009096535,0.002654434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978834,0.000009000179,0.000007761873,0.000040992465,0.000104758416,0.000049217466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985313,0.000015138642,0.000022331702,0.0000046099585,0.00008227641,0.000022529659],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001582253,0.00021912488,0.00018191038,0.00032745753,0.0008695522,0.00062034954,0.00022903061,0.00028185424,0.000574958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027679213,0.00016168048,0.0001844072,0.0003733576,0.00030498815,0.00018077574,0.00014343153,0.00025552628,0.00016093251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007782714,0.000025169638,0.0092546875,0.000038723236,0.0000073601364,0.00010573282,0.00024455145,0.00025263726,0.9872995,0.000044938286,0.00006569271,0.0025831584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007421841,0.00034149474,0.27614582,0.000011475314,0.000025141811,0.00028519583,0.00075052324,0.0016116932,0.7180375,0.000037684644,0.00272009,0.000025973466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.51333034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.50849897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51333034,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029133153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012851603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9790715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896718339","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2018.10.015","title":"Energy requirements in the separation-regeneration step in forward osmosis using TMA–CO2–H2O as the draw solution","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Water Consortium; University of Toronto; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Carbonation; Energy recovery; Osmosis; Energy balance; Work (physics); Process engineering; Forward osmosis; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Osmotic power; Energy consumption; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Thermal energy; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.023126640603198856,"score_gpt":0.26728372390419636,"score_spread":0.2441570833009975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896718339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953976,0.0004309364,0.0021942353,0.00013981119,0.000027785543,0.000019255664,0.00034982114,0.000022372415,0.0014180653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968382,0.00021893292,0.0013247161,0.000017280785,0.000003856743,0.000019332936,0.00041098165,0.000017562059,0.0011492299],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977237,0.000035561254,0.00001740242,0.000038799863,0.00008669487,0.000049222264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997427,0.00014243231,0.00002359731,0.000007765072,0.00006470983,0.000018757037],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025968434,0.0002602388,0.00031369302,0.00026620895,0.0003749114,0.00055335666,0.00033199505,0.0004932501,0.002303519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006488279,0.00012437506,0.00019994348,0.00030030412,0.0001835338,0.00073959975,0.00019377384,0.0004682281,0.00042530158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022821845,0.00017287167,0.0013752405,0.00031202333,0.000013591082,0.00023245926,0.00006875986,0.0044442634,0.9796338,0.00089955196,0.00026382942,0.010301555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012437357,0.00018040343,0.0022449503,0.000009098107,0.000011564701,0.000045164943,0.000081460654,0.005899795,0.9906198,0.00019494824,0.0006877715,0.000012702102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002639071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005027383,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002639071,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007484251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000549761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077059865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897188285","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.047","title":"Recovery of phenolic compounds from the by-products of yellow mustard protein isolation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Research International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Diafiltration; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Kaempferol; Quercetin; Chromatography; Phenols; Food science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Antioxidant; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Microfiltration","score_opus":0.06242986286411876,"score_gpt":0.3252294934317894,"score_spread":0.26279963056767064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897188285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9403746,0.0034220424,0.051731028,0.00029206727,0.000091637696,0.00014090947,0.000676944,0.00027541706,0.0029953718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93376774,0.0030332778,0.042684205,0.0001488146,0.00004120716,0.000092776616,0.0021280237,0.00023312028,0.017870879],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997118,0.000046370646,0.000011992621,0.00005125107,0.0000849611,0.00009348806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997136,0.00006193583,0.00004229038,0.000044454424,0.000092913506,0.000044767206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039174812,0.0008164615,0.00049535057,0.0005261151,0.0005340435,0.00050452945,0.00026740428,0.00042247545,0.0016862681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047095347,0.00020686798,0.00052141235,0.00049260526,0.00026924803,0.00052402535,0.00045520742,0.0010792542,0.0010411722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000100450736,0.000018154105,0.00025906818,0.00004730115,0.000010846682,0.000061594095,0.00003843767,0.00004248969,0.9960414,0.000048620223,0.000049420032,0.0032822015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002463146,0.000047026377,0.0013229537,0.000005997607,0.000009936669,0.000060785365,0.000021689137,0.00023443128,0.99730754,0.0000279771,0.0009566356,0.0000024808812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019915493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024292911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019915493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026569475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061646994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056411624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898188104","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23375","title":"Low‐energy reverse osmosis membrane with high boron rejection by surface modification with a polysaccharide","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Surface modification; Materials science; Permeation; Attenuated total reflection; Chitosan; Chemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Composite material; Polymer; Polymerization; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005458209014623599,"score_gpt":0.17268008961379883,"score_spread":0.16722188059917523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898188104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882421,0.0006569993,0.010096297,0.00010953131,0.00002533488,0.000024725327,0.000042586158,0.000072237504,0.0007301252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984694,0.00050015224,0.013252886,0.000043149073,0.000010390906,0.000019474497,0.00008870162,0.000021123407,0.0013701128],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998957,0.000015337988,0.000008459995,0.000017354248,0.000038232527,0.000024878378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990225,0.000012246026,0.000034032608,0.0000092093815,0.000024767682,0.000017351513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018617358,0.00037033364,0.00025479862,0.00017217119,0.00014769037,0.0003163633,0.00020975685,0.00040244265,0.0004004694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014965463,0.00017325547,0.00056202355,0.00014200427,0.00015700466,0.00030682376,0.00019794416,0.00044592816,0.0002453288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069900166,0.0000051012,0.000019707912,0.000011732082,0.0000017014712,0.000011910723,0.0000022006582,0.000025779795,0.99958473,0.000013770482,0.0000034110737,0.00031303146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043760015,0.000087105276,0.0004076306,0.0000015751726,0.000008941161,0.00006200882,0.0000038128762,0.00042136954,0.9986424,0.000005819523,0.0003521537,0.0000027918675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005237794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075792574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005237794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026824055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019759135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019462109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898346994","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23372","title":"Preparation of fouling‐resistant and self‐cleaning PVDF membrane via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for emulsified oil/water separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Polymer chemistry; Polymerization; Filtration (mathematics); Radical polymerization; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.010881467198653681,"score_gpt":0.22868788070973706,"score_spread":0.21780641351108337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898346994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94574684,0.002553281,0.050123002,0.00014508121,0.00006944827,0.000086773514,0.0001594503,0.00018900678,0.0009271055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9547454,0.0016828165,0.041195475,0.000080971324,0.000025111052,0.00008848496,0.0002461556,0.000045364082,0.0018902363],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985206,0.000021367236,0.000011826809,0.000028929284,0.000058192054,0.000027632961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999132,0.000013912813,0.000028443324,0.0000088057695,0.00002368632,0.000011832791],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023741176,0.00039650867,0.00027228775,0.0002579877,0.00014656804,0.00018666273,0.00023892571,0.00053293514,0.00033439143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022836597,0.00015199448,0.00044909987,0.00017121021,0.00012402782,0.00045842477,0.00023047706,0.0004785725,0.00023105793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005692103,0.000006146032,0.000021207663,0.000027194508,0.0000026808882,0.000015742336,0.0000043568634,0.000033584387,0.99900925,0.000018288218,0.000007860588,0.0008478718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036534839,0.000049460283,0.00026931934,0.0000017640307,0.00000611185,0.00005226698,0.000004121138,0.0005332988,0.9985424,0.000014164056,0.00051986607,0.0000036518745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002506055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028001895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053293514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017767379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017778938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012890697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898519525","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.058","title":"Thermal stability of hydrophilic PEO-silane modified ceramic membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Silane; Membrane; Silanes; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Contact angle; Thermal stability; Superhydrophilicity; Ceramic; Fouling; Surface modification; Cubic zirconia; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography","score_opus":0.00896532119842646,"score_gpt":0.19929453056949617,"score_spread":0.1903292093710697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898519525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986327,0.00040866065,0.00040214948,0.000018628845,0.000011748192,0.0000039955125,0.00006261907,0.0000076980195,0.00045174107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99889475,0.00014784696,0.00020742847,0.000010074094,0.0000056126682,0.000005713563,0.000083565574,0.000004866438,0.0006401943],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984586,0.000015507127,0.000011747554,0.000030739764,0.000048563983,0.000047516878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998659,0.000040948944,0.000033067958,0.000010253114,0.00003528492,0.000014544026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024916147,0.00018719512,0.0001519439,0.00017847047,0.00023768423,0.00023455499,0.00014317519,0.0002654552,0.0016864937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040512302,0.00013406429,0.00022143137,0.00016574614,0.00027842436,0.00031886963,0.00014406,0.00034268608,0.00022176818],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029399685,0.00001240524,0.00024996893,0.000038354894,0.0000101189435,0.000046808847,0.000056110708,0.00026323088,0.99793684,0.00009230532,0.00003730016,0.00096267444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010092833,0.00019693296,0.0036843221,0.000005175406,0.000012257718,0.000073264615,0.000049506605,0.0011715532,0.9940725,0.0000336724,0.00068050623,0.000010329143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006555939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061113085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016864937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031487475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019451951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056418777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898879444","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2018.22830","title":"Fouling mechanisms in nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of high DOC and varying hardness water","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02268895736444848,"score_gpt":0.25481160930380914,"score_spread":0.23212265193936066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898879444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986105,0.0003746155,0.00072502496,0.000017847802,0.000005864805,0.000010333733,0.00004386301,0.000009923894,0.00020203074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786645,0.0002507889,0.0011953464,0.000020628044,0.000002995982,0.000011502574,0.00007218348,0.000004254009,0.0005758361],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984527,0.0000227791,0.000011883213,0.000024658188,0.00006519762,0.000030134439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998982,0.00002165506,0.000030965082,0.00000381544,0.000032265823,0.000013034358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024673645,0.00024333909,0.00022594632,0.00014260648,0.00020256353,0.00030677608,0.00013263001,0.0002867931,0.00025191734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027096077,0.00009572103,0.00025613094,0.000095059004,0.00013432161,0.00027615632,0.000103869665,0.00021322213,0.000072021896],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003177026,0.000009408195,0.00039467582,0.000029667355,0.000004022974,0.000014901956,0.000018452405,0.00006115019,0.99853194,0.00000822896,0.0000080580685,0.00088771415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006150056,0.0002778418,0.0104964115,0.0000055983173,0.00001543746,0.00006714653,0.000048084814,0.0010407033,0.98741025,0.000013043443,0.0006121337,0.0000072001208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030295597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031497483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030295597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046880599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018133232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006023824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899488457","doi":"","title":"Application and refinement of fluorescence spectroscopy for organic matter characterization in drinking water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Fluorescence spectroscopy; Natural organic matter; Fluorescence; Spectroscopy; Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Chemistry; Environmental science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.007116009995920476,"score_gpt":0.2312075699294034,"score_spread":0.22409155993348293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899488457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5922307,0.007951038,0.38525808,0.001292683,0.00016080972,0.00026677226,0.00033022158,0.0004396201,0.012070045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79038996,0.004716243,0.19773303,0.00024166373,0.000039035516,0.0000978691,0.00017537303,0.000041929994,0.0065649217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992861,0.00014383158,0.000022933762,0.00019527247,0.00029356085,0.000058338657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996551,0.00013368699,0.00003639967,0.000025011925,0.00013481945,0.000015103158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014578959,0.0004237189,0.00025139237,0.00056822266,0.0003201328,0.0006047624,0.00029791528,0.0006618822,0.00077678764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007811848,0.00017251102,0.00042551348,0.00042932323,0.00044671335,0.00075419864,0.0003385946,0.0006402465,0.00026968837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060903847,0.0000948903,0.001997473,0.00014983353,0.00001301582,0.00003377895,0.000081734586,0.0020400537,0.91132075,0.001106081,0.00017295161,0.082928486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010017531,0.00031730306,0.005765745,0.000028308357,0.000018309296,0.00014083006,0.000089072324,0.0149479965,0.9693899,0.0005472789,0.008715153,0.000030124405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031193544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003883995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031193544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009831112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00089553074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077102184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899532379","doi":"10.1007/s11356-018-3607-5","title":"Influence of microalgae wastewater treatment culturing conditions on forward osmosis concentration process","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca; Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Chlorella vulgaris; Forward osmosis; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Environmental engineering; Fouling; Dewatering; Hydraulic retention time; Sewage treatment; Nutrient; Osmosis; Portable water purification; Biofuel; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Waste management; Agronomy; Botany; Algae; Membrane; Biology","score_opus":0.02638808842021399,"score_gpt":0.3312122557369357,"score_spread":0.3048241673167217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899532379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995436,0.0012259978,0.00067607214,0.0001568061,0.00013208223,0.000019904843,0.00031554195,0.000040562954,0.0019970508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99654764,0.0010508954,0.0009781233,0.00008945474,0.000025185325,0.000017449724,0.0001807344,0.0000221544,0.0010884223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958795,0.00006412461,0.00006272955,0.00009932988,0.000104211445,0.00008166859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944836,0.00024075367,0.000085315885,0.000037158567,0.00013099016,0.00005744013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027762543,0.00048454598,0.00040621686,0.0002741479,0.00036666243,0.0010610466,0.0003377108,0.00047503083,0.0017059734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010248199,0.00022462274,0.00037245496,0.00040485934,0.00029678273,0.00057929277,0.00031355605,0.00050361827,0.00031088514],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00095771713,0.000118893564,0.0013473717,0.00017142616,0.00002797329,0.00014155984,0.00014861314,0.0003769046,0.9902774,0.000104436236,0.00022551064,0.006102123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001307821,0.00027444758,0.004016257,0.000016778604,0.00004294651,0.00004307691,0.00011566411,0.0005224038,0.99368685,0.000028832314,0.0012254277,0.000014290396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036036987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004507077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036036987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048521505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047786295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007165432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899585173","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2018-0007","title":"Prediction of maximum permeate flux (%) of disc membrane using response surface methodology (RSM)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Education, India","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Inlet; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Regression analysis; Polynomial regression; Permeation; Materials science; Central composite design; Mechanics; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemistry; Statistics; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.047592148210890334,"score_gpt":0.2486886399952369,"score_spread":0.20109649178434658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899585173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9141763,0.0013311811,0.08163111,0.00020711,0.000032119504,0.00009163906,0.00052709697,0.00043387225,0.0015694544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96294636,0.000873214,0.03491717,0.00003179359,0.000004494234,0.000102900776,0.00033710117,0.00002709424,0.0007599141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995041,0.00010399432,0.00004094756,0.00008167911,0.00022676072,0.000042483854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997317,0.0001224606,0.000051652496,0.000013771824,0.00007359308,0.000006825568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072498503,0.0006006935,0.0008180852,0.0005211808,0.00019027884,0.00064071163,0.00038510165,0.001110515,0.0003664337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011043566,0.00023395797,0.001086262,0.0005258329,0.00015732131,0.00040120038,0.00020928858,0.00045738742,0.0002765323],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048727394,0.0003137927,0.011326781,0.0010592075,0.00012947214,0.00025461448,0.00013688658,0.10024142,0.8168075,0.0003295852,0.00042178194,0.06849174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025858562,0.0012365071,0.01583287,0.000033046243,0.00008277921,0.00016707275,0.00013005188,0.40258837,0.5783062,0.00027971843,0.0012590049,0.000058562204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002921931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028606944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002921931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046947142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037689396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0058098435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899715998","doi":"10.1111/hdi.12698","title":"Comparison of biocompatibility in polysulfone dialysis membranes with different sterilization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Medicine; Biocompatibility; Sterilization (economics); Hemodialysis; Membrane; Dialysis; Biomedical engineering; Surgery; Materials science; Metallurgy; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025740369757768698,"score_gpt":0.2994560925752742,"score_spread":0.2737157228175055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899715998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99532205,0.0027638946,0.0014973967,0.000025810074,0.000025602185,0.000016461612,0.00008704265,0.000021856313,0.00023974803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951792,0.0014542958,0.0026740534,0.00003582928,0.000019507313,0.00003788865,0.00020189358,0.000010882168,0.0003865142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994836,0.00011522639,0.00007449265,0.00009528337,0.0001769807,0.00005444902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916637,0.00018912191,0.00030625757,0.00006271434,0.00021337956,0.00006229047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006949503,0.00049356074,0.00019743468,0.0004541317,0.00017761266,0.00030212046,0.0001654176,0.00039861855,0.0007019162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011904961,0.00012632705,0.00040136048,0.00038404233,0.00023756482,0.00049488904,0.00022082774,0.00026710794,0.000114440925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012497643,0.00008896825,0.0047855694,0.0002746134,0.00007925673,0.00010367721,0.00014459204,0.00026427075,0.9827559,0.00008929917,0.000061988896,0.010101953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035330697,0.002096504,0.029036526,0.00002641573,0.00016174468,0.00044201317,0.00011025213,0.00076027587,0.96518654,0.00006242632,0.0020567854,0.000025100902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036571026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019590918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007019162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026727072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001831244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003675282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900646682","doi":"10.11113/amst.v4i1.43","title":"Polymeric Hollow Fibers: State of the Art Review of Their Preparation, Characterization and Applications in Different Research Areas","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Reverse osmosis; Fabrication; Materials science; Fiber; Membrane technology; Phase inversion; Characterization (materials science); Gas separation; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01997166747931649,"score_gpt":0.30529132158701605,"score_spread":0.28531965410769955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900646682","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012281577,0.99308985,0.003320697,0.00032995385,0.0005430627,0.000014033439,0.000055307246,0.000025171239,0.0013936607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005417168,0.9882399,0.0037734022,0.00047386353,0.00066814705,0.000035375157,0.00016812768,0.000021565704,0.0012024955],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915934,0.000087673056,0.00015564989,0.00018510448,0.0003433231,0.00006891893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979639,0.00095048035,0.0002975363,0.00009437579,0.0006248139,0.00006895041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015890987,0.0009015966,0.0013308743,0.0030900093,0.00042998634,0.0010921832,0.0010211568,0.0011983789,0.002211661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018911978,0.00054388784,0.0008233226,0.003114539,0.00062693463,0.002393881,0.0006771865,0.0011179555,0.0014576473],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001640345,0.00014323083,0.00041816992,0.04192528,0.00015139766,0.00037739324,0.00022032665,0.0010246179,0.051986508,0.004341101,0.016260734,0.8829872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010161299,0.0004564742,0.001266928,0.0031848,0.00026640735,0.0016775036,0.00013945476,0.0004286044,0.042731307,0.0017586929,0.9479963,0.00008329798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005250243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006402221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030900093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000485665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009520896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008404076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900910555","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.043","title":"A unified thermodynamic mechanism underlying fouling behaviors of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in a membrane bioreactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Particulates; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.09722850843171767,"score_gpt":0.34827925340192134,"score_spread":0.2510507449702037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900910555","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9650294,0.00072325516,0.03132028,0.00043350016,0.00007951123,0.000057984893,0.00011175665,0.00013385588,0.0021104154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976496,0.00015234303,0.0016766917,0.000021985556,0.00000955372,0.000016229355,0.000025178959,0.000008388893,0.00044004357],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998485,0.00001733558,0.000011651952,0.00003346314,0.00005607095,0.000033016997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998933,0.000031240314,0.000017510496,0.00001315001,0.00003160796,0.000013211453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039186337,0.00024941843,0.0003818006,0.00033968402,0.0003507802,0.0005801553,0.00065916934,0.00049927086,0.00079257006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005814091,0.00024811816,0.0003884438,0.00013430497,0.0005356383,0.00094129,0.00042629708,0.00047566043,0.00017036975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012413214,0.00005652552,0.0012707277,0.000100655656,0.000022794704,0.00019074781,0.00008391012,0.0029970047,0.9724606,0.017709002,0.00014095289,0.0048428127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033203087,0.00025066533,0.0049069347,0.000010940406,0.000028172055,0.00019829127,0.00015082874,0.12687857,0.8570131,0.00920767,0.0012701901,0.00005144341],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090225454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007451916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090225454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006537638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055826973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047433972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901208649","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5872","title":"Characterization of transport through polymers for fracking fluid treatment and organic acid concentration in extractive membrane bioreactors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Permeation; Polymer; Ionic bonding; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011366630215019725,"score_gpt":0.2504402588406003,"score_spread":0.23907362862558057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901208649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99486035,0.00035169147,0.0041548167,0.00003649799,0.0000087964345,0.000034165754,0.00018348676,0.000044039967,0.00032619774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925327,0.00052092294,0.0051424773,0.000025786803,0.000005999824,0.00007632804,0.00030493966,0.000030486364,0.0013604161],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960655,0.00007432674,0.000046562283,0.000076660755,0.00013420421,0.00006175492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993585,0.00020246822,0.00019221369,0.000033240303,0.00016097454,0.000052742496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005737142,0.00056233595,0.00038230303,0.0003948919,0.00028111352,0.00071989174,0.000295943,0.0005711815,0.00043980728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011061466,0.00017460175,0.00040105908,0.00047281635,0.0002154059,0.0007335481,0.00023144379,0.0005158559,0.00028582214],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035691184,0.00001586833,0.00033924868,0.000024761988,0.0000029246942,0.000010841466,0.00001984652,0.00010394412,0.99859005,0.00001028876,0.0000048091056,0.0008416776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017544602,0.00012308083,0.0021273082,0.000004602711,0.00000929485,0.000018025034,0.000023730343,0.00060083193,0.9968503,0.0000064257183,0.00023057636,0.000003965538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001595682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011804107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001595682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005130021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003551617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037221313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901749563","doi":"10.11113/amst.v10i1.72","title":"Recent Advances in Thin Film Composite (TFC) Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes for Desalination","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Interfacial polymerization; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Fouling; Materials science; Cellulose acetate; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Engineering; Monomer","score_opus":0.013457650740218718,"score_gpt":0.27673203130825647,"score_spread":0.26327438056803776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901749563","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.038069814,0.94151217,0.009003471,0.001569281,0.0006560001,0.000022243566,0.00008308354,0.00009333365,0.008990652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11443281,0.8678693,0.011548119,0.0011860018,0.0014637557,0.00003074603,0.0002136517,0.000021062366,0.003234564],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997594,0.000034093293,0.000042120202,0.00006510211,0.00007462429,0.000024693769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993224,0.00021755154,0.00015623018,0.000022797083,0.00022693237,0.00005416598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088284054,0.0005541603,0.0003845497,0.0011323548,0.00014695233,0.0005763763,0.00037278747,0.0007368483,0.0009811625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006231356,0.00028843095,0.00037923595,0.0015285756,0.0002990858,0.001135324,0.00036261583,0.0006357609,0.0004011807],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040713488,0.00031543322,0.0017603751,0.020800387,0.00024115034,0.0006491677,0.0004146185,0.002320973,0.2631453,0.0073862583,0.007932892,0.69462633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052826785,0.0022519736,0.009952233,0.0013546745,0.0007555121,0.0033863871,0.0004720085,0.0050425604,0.28339058,0.003325224,0.6898506,0.00016528828],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035997678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004977686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011323548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028921876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046660914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004668951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901956196","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.015","title":"Crossflow electrochemical filtration for elimination of ibuprofen and bisphenol a from pure and competing electrolytic solution conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Electrolyte; Buckypaper; Chemistry; Sorption; Bisphenol A; Filtration (mathematics); Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Degradation (telecommunications); Effluent; Contamination; Membrane; Bisphenol; Wastewater; Electrode; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.01016618502476158,"score_gpt":0.2583680317813385,"score_spread":0.24820184675657692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901956196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98511016,0.002174374,0.0101208035,0.00015624036,0.00009911164,0.000039136605,0.0002188027,0.00011387343,0.001967549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900754,0.0011706013,0.006714292,0.00011913352,0.00003006628,0.000023490973,0.00028535942,0.000017503538,0.0015640493],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995999,0.00006429101,0.000023780145,0.00007108939,0.0001566572,0.00008422636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998435,0.00004293658,0.000023481802,0.000011084933,0.00005988042,0.000019209974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005616926,0.0003852439,0.00031876325,0.00044154198,0.0005519723,0.00053904456,0.00051894365,0.00071689446,0.0013135086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050935015,0.000210127,0.0003499972,0.00023873623,0.00015511204,0.00066386495,0.000411299,0.00058416364,0.00032065972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003452316,0.00005094809,0.0002988229,0.000052904164,0.000024222934,0.000038233393,0.000030702533,0.00010647972,0.9937704,0.00014298191,0.00013055837,0.0050084842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013655878,0.00012495484,0.0010508543,0.000004854974,0.000021082871,0.00009340263,0.000026329399,0.0015782416,0.99612445,0.000039656315,0.00091408804,0.000008362419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036364137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004653367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036364137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005554452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047220782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0072305202},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902769815","doi":"10.1111/wej.12417","title":"A comprehensive experimental and artificial network investigation of the performance of an ultrafiltration titanium dioxide ceramic membrane: application in produced water treatment","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Turbidity; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Ceramic; Titanium dioxide; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Taguchi methods; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering; Metallurgy; Geology","score_opus":0.013741064690354049,"score_gpt":0.21558715086184066,"score_spread":0.2018460861714866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902769815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929056,0.00011452776,0.006538955,0.000021783255,0.00000833896,0.000013541523,0.000065071756,0.000031595046,0.00030069082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99646014,0.000071896655,0.003165564,0.000004416477,0.0000019817935,0.000011229788,0.000043354703,0.000002829771,0.00023856484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998029,0.00005236026,0.000011979847,0.00004545717,0.0000619757,0.000025355313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963903,0.0001519895,0.000059035698,0.00004003319,0.00009274094,0.000017253253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000606312,0.0002856048,0.00034722267,0.00019262655,0.00029410011,0.00026273786,0.00034692071,0.00058555615,0.00051468844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063585053,0.000111354,0.00033326924,0.00018468611,0.00025057682,0.00031828496,0.00016064518,0.0002625996,0.00007575312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031203075,0.0004497517,0.0020318127,0.0002117692,0.000033162498,0.00010458811,0.000081044025,0.039187863,0.9457152,0.00019571408,0.00009269563,0.011584303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001898355,0.0014362357,0.005633622,0.0000057191382,0.000040098286,0.000057064688,0.000052938118,0.17755786,0.81451464,0.00012677329,0.00053471775,0.000021340238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016993402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018241578,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016993402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036542484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001665635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003378868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903612572","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.012","title":"Effect of humic acid concentration on pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) rejection by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Humic acid; Chromatography; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Membrane fouling; Adsorption; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010413248501006042,"score_gpt":0.30082674583667574,"score_spread":0.2904134973356697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903612572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99764735,0.00068670255,0.00080412894,0.000038617607,0.000036098492,0.000012422676,0.00012460448,0.000031407933,0.00061868364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99608165,0.0005997898,0.0015469239,0.0000804017,0.000018626732,0.000013439022,0.0001196461,0.000023875878,0.0015156791],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968994,0.00006218644,0.000034211138,0.000075011594,0.00006911467,0.00006952168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931705,0.00032285275,0.000113427224,0.000048842445,0.00012356543,0.00007428347],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034182175,0.00036892854,0.00035313546,0.0001773118,0.00022221052,0.00040854348,0.00027032755,0.0004861458,0.0018195888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007057744,0.0002072577,0.00034060093,0.00023562035,0.00023682644,0.00035708482,0.00018168573,0.0004966884,0.00046151696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010552199,0.00006456874,0.0002168626,0.000077081626,0.000016581436,0.000036022568,0.00002716314,0.0001459202,0.9966709,0.00001814591,0.000025439533,0.00164609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008532853,0.00020385765,0.00063127076,0.0000022880386,0.000016056483,0.000015249307,0.000009563052,0.0002990567,0.99861276,0.0000034570337,0.00019313926,0.0000046939267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018266245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020807467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018266245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027240903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002931408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060871243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903881832","doi":"10.2175/193864718825137746","title":"Full scale wastewater recovery and reuse projects in several of PepsiCo food manufacturing facilities in Mexico, utilizing state of the art technologies that include Membrane Bioreactor and Reverse Osmosis.","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater reuse; Reuse; Wastewater; Waste management; Scale (ratio); Engineering; Environmental science; Business; Membrane; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.014480902191552254,"score_gpt":0.19026557834973162,"score_spread":0.17578467615817936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903881832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99390185,0.00011729969,0.0018890399,0.0002053499,0.0000044733997,0.00018597733,0.00044250142,0.00004318306,0.0032104217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98793125,0.0002661836,0.0056143263,0.000035994533,0.0000024937046,0.00016122787,0.00070328993,0.000007662136,0.0052776835],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998055,0.00002908179,0.00000838465,0.00005987067,0.00004485385,0.000052367344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997979,0.000030006433,0.00004325445,0.00002140095,0.00006116399,0.000046285826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003459311,0.00025014763,0.00011925796,0.00043014647,0.0013239218,0.00059636147,0.00030933827,0.0003913256,0.0017549346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004808098,0.00015895601,0.0001682273,0.00054941187,0.0002762714,0.00040299087,0.0006255878,0.00033332262,0.0001519607],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001495509,0.0017807231,0.47041348,0.0013321975,0.00021535298,0.0026847168,0.004850951,0.0071111606,0.21173294,0.0041211797,0.005033182,0.2892286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000100087025,0.0015024419,0.9066859,0.00010728312,0.00009093216,0.00057028496,0.008366122,0.004604936,0.046164323,0.00041681775,0.031349644,0.00004126118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.043376353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09273408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043376353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001569756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035071995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08624774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904329901","doi":"10.2175/193864718825138132","title":"Characterization of Fouling of Tertiary Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008521824912111094,"score_gpt":0.1938988151643607,"score_spread":0.1853769902522496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904329901","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959942,0.00021972522,0.00249962,0.000042036034,0.0000107384285,0.000014271371,0.00012254452,0.000017087763,0.0010796901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99499303,0.00021702195,0.0018753416,0.00003620135,0.000006845425,0.000016511694,0.00029521683,0.000014447785,0.00254529],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997428,0.000029518871,0.000014738893,0.000036587116,0.00010889664,0.000067365145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997328,0.000070889626,0.000030014038,0.000030756288,0.00010693546,0.000028661945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035573167,0.00019916812,0.00021306849,0.00037476028,0.00046227343,0.00034970438,0.0002436339,0.000493438,0.0010840679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059248967,0.00008808787,0.0003046028,0.00029354097,0.00023150623,0.00028907377,0.0001559611,0.00038465767,0.0002272114],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000360534,0.000012498637,0.0002966932,0.000011880059,0.0000024102542,0.000019505615,0.000026480695,0.000050568728,0.99827385,0.000024807703,0.000019204452,0.0012261218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011571937,0.000042959568,0.0034605411,0.0000012510767,0.0000027523492,0.00003388078,0.00002063469,0.00041310687,0.99572253,0.000011913138,0.00028747463,0.0000017453835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022360065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018435244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022360065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040634352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028488084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00444597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905091597","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.076","title":"The state of desalination and brine production: A global outlook","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1870,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"Global Affairs Canada; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Government of Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Water scarcity; Environmental science; Surface runoff; Water resources; Water supply; Environmental engineering; Scarcity; Water resource management; Environmental protection; Natural resource economics; Ecology","score_opus":0.021082170044754725,"score_gpt":0.2717486054525517,"score_spread":0.250666435407797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2905091597","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00013966684,0.99824834,0.0001115381,0.0005133709,0.00018386281,0.0000022755594,0.000028696048,0.0000047158283,0.000767524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00073787966,0.9984189,0.00013456555,0.00017875506,0.0001406972,0.0000024513931,0.00002960476,9.262536e-7,0.00035615286],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965334,0.00004528881,0.000035430694,0.00006866448,0.00014343725,0.000053847587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992066,0.00026296175,0.00018520134,0.000016759806,0.0002463458,0.00008220596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013153345,0.0012846256,0.0014694408,0.002864101,0.00036423677,0.0018766616,0.0010393759,0.0019086411,0.005609111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009984386,0.00038528946,0.00076255907,0.0046021193,0.00077808305,0.003539926,0.0013068501,0.0019294582,0.0015984777],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118690696,0.000109526256,0.00043416698,0.03377643,0.000109584136,0.00018991226,0.00007870379,0.0010633066,0.004730909,0.01031573,0.027685447,0.9213877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010716193,0.00013037329,0.001163618,0.005501165,0.00017168096,0.00042948517,0.00016557907,0.00021726156,0.0008154321,0.0049794028,0.98638517,0.000030161784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026823655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057265307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005609111,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011584592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0033575755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018764377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905113013","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.8b01058","title":"Characterization of the Evolution of Crystallization Fouling in Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Crystallization; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Moisture; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Crystal (programming language); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010954482340187208,"score_gpt":0.22520641795826452,"score_spread":0.21425193561807732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2905113013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961798,0.00025506184,0.0026511366,0.000034340937,0.000012731511,0.000026038844,0.00027619585,0.00004042078,0.0005242691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945867,0.00023044518,0.003735436,0.000038647497,0.000008541043,0.000046209534,0.0003119779,0.00002412594,0.0010178915],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996785,0.000043706208,0.00003287224,0.00005198915,0.00013665181,0.000056294357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996395,0.00014645272,0.000066684646,0.000019968851,0.000099877405,0.000027459948],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048430864,0.0003390656,0.00031769017,0.0002819862,0.00034330113,0.0002850637,0.00019815039,0.00041661938,0.0008418037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010057287,0.00010547251,0.00031323606,0.00038656333,0.0002823946,0.00032267204,0.0002310828,0.0004502894,0.00016823725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039233782,0.000010685295,0.0004191637,0.000023112703,0.000003229082,0.000026754451,0.000029045616,0.000035948015,0.99875426,0.0000109780785,0.000010022925,0.00063750584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025762854,0.00008430249,0.0044479934,0.0000018873291,0.000005243991,0.000050769464,0.000037522375,0.00033066407,0.99482226,0.000013526617,0.00019890949,0.000004367264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023368385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018911735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023368385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028366558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024759214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046465397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907204502","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.047","title":"Reversibility of membrane performance and structure changes caused by extreme cold water temperature and elevated conditioning water temperature","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Conditioning; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane permeability; Shrinkage; Chemistry; Membrane structure; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.031716296341334126,"score_gpt":0.279147072319665,"score_spread":0.24743077597833088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907204502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99844944,0.00020442058,0.00073934096,0.000030946478,0.000015808657,0.000005383197,0.00008396367,0.000021151476,0.00044956768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992124,0.00008382253,0.00021261038,0.000012342736,0.000002991107,0.0000047254002,0.00008003202,0.000005540793,0.0003854636],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987197,0.0000124013995,0.000007919762,0.000030772717,0.000033403918,0.000043577224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998535,0.000028298608,0.000033770433,0.000026379617,0.000038087564,0.000019897876],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001462715,0.00020635084,0.000163504,0.000079402234,0.00016984131,0.00023086282,0.00023496796,0.0002921325,0.0015036508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003971107,0.00013950712,0.00021117824,0.0001233914,0.0003118603,0.0003836093,0.00018668907,0.0006516004,0.00016460115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027970684,0.000011354204,0.00038868742,0.00001745499,0.000006778334,0.000034567805,0.00003549751,0.0001382803,0.99805164,0.00008403834,0.00002588836,0.0009261262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040754485,0.00008562784,0.0036142909,0.0000015960325,0.0000063292005,0.000035314613,0.00002536613,0.00045194232,0.99555665,0.00003230971,0.0001831823,0.0000034423476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001008984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073437794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015036508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002492078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020670038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005030215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908210887","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.010","title":"Novel insights into membrane fouling caused by gel layer in a membrane bioreactor: Effects of hydrogen bonding","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Hydrogen bond; Layer (electronics); Membrane reactor; Materials science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Molecule","score_opus":0.00826018510005714,"score_gpt":0.22489398611577688,"score_spread":0.21663380101571975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908210887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9823887,0.0015278048,0.014570298,0.00036982185,0.000040481576,0.000010731933,0.000079831145,0.00007271294,0.0009396885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930697,0.00083133706,0.0048137736,0.00010365904,0.000017151528,0.000008721282,0.0000537993,0.000013076223,0.0010887925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999614,0.000006407357,0.0000017424802,0.0000076212054,0.000011513308,0.000011242968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994695,0.000019854053,0.000011241861,0.0000040788464,0.000009154564,0.00000867452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014204462,0.00022575511,0.00016199374,0.00010013053,0.00014426468,0.0002143371,0.00025512412,0.00043167514,0.0007271081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000090885565,0.000119627555,0.00019966572,0.00007044359,0.00022068861,0.00040115893,0.00015350281,0.00056411314,0.00014291468],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036260502,0.0000096097265,0.000069987596,0.000016341615,0.0000020408609,0.000044591954,0.000008928833,0.00004332817,0.9991761,0.000080495105,0.000011527757,0.0005008565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055354044,0.00008567089,0.0011865522,0.0000017766881,0.000009328322,0.00008199634,0.00005179603,0.0028814168,0.9951172,0.00014468073,0.0004295944,0.0000044584012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042164765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004914232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007271081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016349666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001151115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024324656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910206228","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2018.1564072","title":"How microwaves can help to study membrane ageing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Université Libanaise; CHIST-ERA; Université de Rennes 1; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Ageing; Membrane; Fouling; Service life; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.007166521016557148,"score_gpt":0.21010702237063247,"score_spread":0.20294050135407532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2910206228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41205746,0.23242816,0.31535563,0.006742982,0.004054254,0.00029004397,0.0009010544,0.0016366026,0.026533859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8240804,0.070422746,0.09090058,0.001418787,0.0009146536,0.00018234228,0.00046613163,0.00031771138,0.011296555],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994319,0.00013884722,0.000042496875,0.00015728276,0.0001734614,0.000055984285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945444,0.00023248846,0.00010214319,0.00008170606,0.00010086128,0.000028344291],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008606255,0.0005610751,0.0004598307,0.0008740529,0.0003282937,0.0008483103,0.00038402583,0.0010149141,0.0021066081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011951124,0.00031280305,0.00048727452,0.000601743,0.00080618775,0.0019480657,0.0006646256,0.001856937,0.00090320234],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008691632,0.000030933596,0.0006709302,0.0005695523,0.000031551383,0.00014697509,0.00016239732,0.0002811573,0.9726476,0.0018411413,0.0003976406,0.023133187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011260045,0.0003588708,0.0029477722,0.00009779142,0.00007701062,0.0011128177,0.00023622019,0.0015507891,0.94156384,0.0030583814,0.048922624,0.000062680345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021870618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000314785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021066081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030864336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014234796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070472956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911257503","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.065","title":"Determining binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to CTABr micelles using semi-equilibrium dialysis techniques","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Environment Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Micelle; Partition coefficient; Pyrene; Phenanthrene; Environmental chemistry; Membrane; Binding constant; Bromide; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Aqueous solution; Binding site","score_opus":0.008670886698731776,"score_gpt":0.2269085666181833,"score_spread":0.2182376799194515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911257503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9606261,0.0009934412,0.03536773,0.00011438489,0.000043190583,0.00012951685,0.00023488796,0.00016923074,0.0023214703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96777254,0.0012486838,0.020962248,0.00010146578,0.000014074701,0.00012313359,0.0004944815,0.000070448375,0.009212919],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995571,0.00007681444,0.000033452874,0.00009867441,0.00014399632,0.00009003955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954396,0.00018937336,0.00004964137,0.000036337427,0.00015015536,0.000030429059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047814706,0.00045736128,0.0003231024,0.00023143209,0.00036781863,0.00039956204,0.00047963337,0.0004689088,0.001603857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008765006,0.00026345073,0.00028639418,0.00023566122,0.00021782504,0.00053831644,0.00031156818,0.0009935588,0.00077555317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031461346,0.000018554922,0.00008722952,0.000020940755,0.0000057781544,0.0000062122526,0.000020704943,0.00008198004,0.9989573,0.000047356356,0.000017645374,0.0007047563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020833418,0.000050469214,0.00039131756,0.0000013053854,0.0000032745513,0.000010768988,0.000011758232,0.00085851894,0.998343,0.000012842622,0.00031190107,0.0000026243094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032833512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004403302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032833512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055596884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047493397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0065284967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911748622","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2019.01.014","title":"Recent advances in thin film composites membranes for brackish groundwater treatment with critical focus on Saskatchewan water sources","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Groundwater; Brackish water; Desalination; Scarcity; Water scarcity; Water resources; Leachate; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Water resource management; Environmental planning; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Geology; Chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.030373878490405133,"score_gpt":0.3016627621441352,"score_spread":0.27128888365373005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911748622","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009222112,0.9957594,0.00043834638,0.00030238935,0.00026321897,0.00001061163,0.000060682443,0.000016062695,0.0022270663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022169836,0.9958187,0.00049543387,0.00015460885,0.00007218457,0.0000052936034,0.000046987752,0.000002595446,0.0011873059],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979883,0.000021184811,0.000026489248,0.0000331824,0.000082985556,0.000037390826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943763,0.00017694455,0.00007668713,0.000018136201,0.0002513985,0.000039210783],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010889553,0.0010025764,0.001136111,0.0025613692,0.00030358956,0.0011619084,0.0006527733,0.00089483435,0.002626475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079156656,0.00031579557,0.00064767903,0.0033069912,0.0003154799,0.0010480419,0.0006888824,0.0012130921,0.0009688354],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008586372,0.0001327529,0.00031593087,0.025788259,0.00016586391,0.00021510349,0.00008098029,0.0009403384,0.020772852,0.0034626008,0.021177392,0.926862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014579261,0.00026520793,0.001880605,0.0034373556,0.00037628965,0.0004449745,0.00013060498,0.00034332144,0.010730652,0.0009901732,0.98134077,0.000045454883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0073007247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022552334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99269927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011399883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025578556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014516473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912828122","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.81.1","title":"Rubber Processing Effluent Treatment with Chitosan: A Natural Biopolymer in Comparison with a Synthetic Coagulant","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Chitosan; Effluent; Biopolymer; Chemical oxygen demand; Biochemical oxygen demand; Flocculation; Turbidity; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chloride; Natural rubber; Synthetic rubber; Coagulation; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.004076496847210692,"score_gpt":0.2067176992303765,"score_spread":0.2026412023831658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912828122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964882,0.0015484374,0.0010800875,0.000059548773,0.00002086982,0.000025133724,0.00006868666,0.000017239316,0.0006916704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99320096,0.001558552,0.0031794838,0.00005591845,0.000011628841,0.000022510916,0.00013944002,0.00001065274,0.0018208057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984396,0.000029543544,0.000019738362,0.00002903408,0.00005017586,0.00002743347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986684,0.000019945259,0.000047299596,0.000009536287,0.000032715325,0.000023675013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020995254,0.00036591655,0.0002389904,0.00019863786,0.0001315728,0.00022757023,0.00021656079,0.00038368863,0.0006841707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020774738,0.00012268242,0.00032875474,0.00021438695,0.00016487009,0.00016040381,0.00015921054,0.00032910405,0.0001258405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008287651,0.00002393221,0.000057369176,0.00006884249,0.0000046947143,0.000025564928,0.0000072297034,0.000046327084,0.99900323,0.000008155799,0.000007532924,0.00066422374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007794577,0.00068070303,0.002282564,0.0000058071673,0.000021953736,0.000094379575,0.000011733809,0.0002714113,0.9959407,0.0000040435843,0.0006740214,0.0000047996914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001401166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024587954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001401166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020773686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002241371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027860403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912945263","doi":"10.1007/s12668-019-0600-5","title":"Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate/Polyaziridine Blended Flat Sheet Membranes for Dialysis Application","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioNanoScience","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; National University of Sciences and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Contact angle; Bovine serum albumin; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Dialysis tubing; Urea; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Regenerated cellulose; Chemistry; Cellulose; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012228781437411462,"score_gpt":0.24049515909710753,"score_spread":0.22826637765969607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912945263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9551955,0.0014219758,0.036626108,0.00018000323,0.00013450348,0.00013828784,0.0008102792,0.0004703578,0.0050229114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94386387,0.0011805792,0.04896698,0.00010406907,0.00002349162,0.00014967921,0.0005705085,0.0000452717,0.005095593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989927,0.00000670104,0.000010091776,0.000025244932,0.000038551672,0.000020148831],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992526,0.00001070316,0.000014640148,0.00001605004,0.00002295699,0.000010282239],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022879205,0.00034857984,0.00021832991,0.0002646546,0.00024940414,0.00031593742,0.00027484144,0.0005392717,0.0009017723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014864687,0.00019368684,0.00034959737,0.00023525131,0.00010554686,0.00035131097,0.00015483968,0.0004676712,0.00065247406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010811131,0.000008055555,0.00003768165,0.000027072365,0.0000031137895,0.000035460638,0.000011880772,0.000064599655,0.9982147,0.000072000934,0.00004484265,0.0014698468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026222838,0.000033242213,0.0005494824,0.0000025637773,0.0000043267933,0.00004909251,0.000009292194,0.0006311335,0.99723095,0.000027531154,0.0014560432,0.000003854041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023570617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005350046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009017723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022011534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021046665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030167103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913546157","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2019.23423","title":"Investigation into the temperature effect on NOM fouling and cleaning in submerged polymeric membrane systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Polymeric membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.008142222785503748,"score_gpt":0.21192556233809545,"score_spread":0.2037833395525917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913546157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964228,0.0017124227,0.0012937774,0.000022917216,0.00002157041,0.000016759017,0.000104624756,0.00001992773,0.00038515165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973144,0.0007686432,0.0014102353,0.000019970152,0.0000070265005,0.000015292091,0.000094047704,0.000006555092,0.00036382172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997259,0.00006047796,0.000025944255,0.00004312209,0.00010361315,0.00004092592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996425,0.000102606486,0.00009933663,0.000026504284,0.00010855092,0.00002047067],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000389563,0.00026005128,0.00030540538,0.00017915979,0.0001672539,0.00024615985,0.00018297588,0.00034425617,0.0005139866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043426274,0.00015613965,0.0004871963,0.0001881873,0.00015827948,0.0003363092,0.00012469414,0.00031451622,0.00017867633],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010487211,0.000021608297,0.0005537028,0.000090950394,0.0000139913245,0.000028702996,0.000021987002,0.00020317352,0.9977162,0.00001150445,0.000014438665,0.001218804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003660426,0.00044997057,0.006927699,0.000007431591,0.000025199293,0.000041150117,0.000027331307,0.0010926499,0.99101514,0.000009502703,0.00039173072,0.000008601893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009971776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008968979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009971776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022125496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001473414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020602345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913733727","doi":"10.48084/etasr.2491","title":"Effect of Polyvinyl Pyrolidone on Morphology and Performance of Cellulose Acetate Based Dialysis Membrane","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Polyvinyl chloride; Materials science; Urea; Bovine serum albumin; Dialysis tubing; Regenerated cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Polyvinyl acetate; Cellulose; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0088847773342674,"score_gpt":0.26384916183703044,"score_spread":0.25496438450276304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913733727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99692565,0.000842493,0.0011900316,0.00003801575,0.00001889552,0.000012233699,0.00009137873,0.00004099771,0.00084028556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957782,0.00068550394,0.0023140302,0.000032436514,0.000006515426,0.000019014256,0.00012532281,0.00002377759,0.0010150331],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983585,0.000025666004,0.000019728377,0.000040388226,0.000053388885,0.00002488097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973387,0.00007289348,0.00008761987,0.000018441522,0.000049690312,0.00003748265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019625261,0.00020789183,0.00017429903,0.0001452879,0.0001193146,0.0004230437,0.00015793079,0.00034024654,0.00060884346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005213299,0.00019535628,0.00015428216,0.00012470485,0.0001189741,0.0003160609,0.00010070948,0.00028732212,0.00021799374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059537186,0.000012013172,0.0000843968,0.000022616543,0.000002177551,0.000032461652,0.000012322768,0.000049409067,0.99904114,0.000014517125,0.00000822043,0.00066120323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004849677,0.00015645644,0.0022534716,0.0000039680936,0.000008152629,0.000099385295,0.00001062161,0.00037836347,0.99660945,0.0000061735723,0.00046460878,0.000004453277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045021388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005541782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060884346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002061764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001262483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020367503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914442101","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2019.01.021","title":"Incorporation of layered double hydroxide nanofillers in polyamide nanofiltration membrane for high performance of salts rejections","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Water softening; Hydroxide; Zeta potential; Filtration (mathematics); Thin-film composite membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Reverse osmosis; Softening; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Monomer","score_opus":0.007757512589045351,"score_gpt":0.20633384410341224,"score_spread":0.19857633151436688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914442101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973552,0.00040345488,0.0017631237,0.000024440791,0.000023491819,0.0000068967556,0.000032031032,0.000044517314,0.00034678273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966157,0.00023600722,0.0023255744,0.000016230775,0.0000072230328,0.000006217434,0.00004493242,0.0000111401405,0.00073698297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999256,0.000008767718,0.000011369752,0.000015070751,0.000020476431,0.00001866364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999169,0.000012178353,0.000022729866,0.000006872854,0.000024438783,0.000016778247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014104763,0.0002682766,0.00016516147,0.0001317095,0.00015093238,0.00027546159,0.00015772655,0.0002815223,0.00030910538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018035891,0.00016163471,0.0002764569,0.00011089083,0.00011304008,0.00032680292,0.00015838395,0.00029132006,0.00014004251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040464634,0.000010676756,0.00004107169,0.00002049594,0.0000028480513,0.000013853376,0.000006044501,0.000074404066,0.99911696,0.000030460791,0.000007148647,0.00063551683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033788067,0.00005627882,0.00021740014,0.0000011163469,0.0000069998155,0.000012755133,0.00000344767,0.00061484927,0.99886036,0.000006148968,0.0002147637,0.000002607083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006163072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001011143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006163072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022906336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019577809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016619563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915870415","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2019.08.01","title":"A Simple Solution of Dissolved Ammonia Recovery Process in a Hollow-Fiber Membrane Contactor: Comparison with Experimental and Numerical Results","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Ammonia; Hollow fiber membrane; Membrane; Fiber; Process (computing); Chemistry; Simple (philosophy); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010832125378163944,"score_gpt":0.28080596331487667,"score_spread":0.2699738379367127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2915870415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8143443,0.0010757465,0.17073166,0.00037723884,0.00007236374,0.00010601517,0.00046052918,0.00075128936,0.012080856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95045525,0.0005471891,0.046475716,0.00003111583,0.000011978124,0.00007534172,0.00016641282,0.000031107073,0.0022057316],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983,0.000021429414,0.000011876369,0.00002428252,0.0000945217,0.000017757273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975795,0.00010720477,0.000025523854,0.000023801807,0.0000776415,0.000007902104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026463822,0.00028500392,0.0004854507,0.00022177833,0.00028929155,0.00034771604,0.00045676282,0.0008537609,0.0011138036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006513554,0.000108462475,0.000464823,0.00031094888,0.000304837,0.00038882098,0.00020571279,0.00024677295,0.00020905782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002578876,0.00020184704,0.0019544328,0.0008444309,0.00003109889,0.0003456009,0.00014781441,0.54340625,0.42046088,0.0036059387,0.0005634228,0.028180454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029701561,0.00014098315,0.0008218962,0.000009480658,0.0000104496,0.00006416803,0.000038658567,0.90539795,0.09203129,0.00039813347,0.0010414821,0.000015875888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041631353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002178474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041631353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000495792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047924925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008277833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917166107","doi":"","title":"Effect of Asymmetric Functionalized Graphene Oxide (Janus GO) on Young′s Modulus and Glass Transition Temperature of PSf Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Polysulfone; Membrane; Janus; Graphene; Ultrafiltration (renal); Glass transition; Phase inversion; Oxide; Modulus; Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Sonication; Casting; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.003956435024249823,"score_gpt":0.22799276720738307,"score_spread":0.22403633218313324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917166107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754924,0.0011549888,0.00081299455,0.00004768433,0.00002226406,0.0000064781234,0.000049061644,0.000015288255,0.00034201608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99746275,0.00093802676,0.0010966895,0.00003408811,0.000008106285,0.000007817814,0.000046767833,0.000006398934,0.00039937123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998816,0.000016068085,0.000011308092,0.000020320274,0.00004393497,0.000026715414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984705,0.00005059898,0.000048560058,0.0000058791893,0.000029093484,0.00001884032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017078515,0.00028352495,0.0001696364,0.000149448,0.00012226771,0.0001714852,0.00010824839,0.00026292654,0.00038408462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030074565,0.00014974042,0.00023184463,0.00009618621,0.00012157226,0.00033260268,0.0001276318,0.00035779137,0.00007479857],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024301304,0.0000043806326,0.00007451234,0.000023587418,0.0000033822023,0.000023941804,0.0000089477635,0.000032108084,0.999438,0.000009454715,0.0000047068283,0.00035274695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015772553,0.00007214648,0.0017836154,0.0000023613902,0.000007812281,0.00003764227,0.000011532081,0.0002601583,0.9976023,0.0000065807085,0.00021117747,0.0000031373597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004541607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001141857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004541607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013789991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000106027335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012848973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2919354080","doi":"10.1039/c8ta11460a","title":"Tailored polymer nanocomposite membranes based on carbon, metal oxide and silicon nanomaterials: a review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Membrane; Nanoscopic scale; Oxide; Carbon fibers; Silicon; Silicon oxide; Polymer; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Composite number; Metallurgy; Composite material; Silicon nitride; Organic chemistry; Layer (electronics)","score_opus":0.024321097459193385,"score_gpt":0.27870213222320883,"score_spread":0.25438103476401547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2919354080","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00042948688,0.9981729,0.00024905853,0.0001239172,0.00016941414,0.000006841239,0.000021559223,0.000009659994,0.00081716204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014401231,0.99713385,0.00041969406,0.00011131205,0.00009015227,0.000009838221,0.00003334079,0.0000019380034,0.00075964857],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998865,0.000010300517,0.000015257463,0.000025322443,0.000046703153,0.000015833179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984217,0.00006149189,0.000031404947,0.0000056195777,0.000042480882,0.000016925937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004199322,0.00092153106,0.0009312295,0.0018137452,0.00020202539,0.0006455634,0.0006555117,0.0007230083,0.0015199359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037880073,0.00035601362,0.00035415348,0.0019260187,0.0002596643,0.0010477982,0.00051369815,0.0009994793,0.0010441741],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008088393,0.00015682034,0.00014603468,0.029951308,0.00013883274,0.00023891413,0.00006813306,0.00067023205,0.021089638,0.006233835,0.026772568,0.91445297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001977423,0.00016620959,0.0006908414,0.00226645,0.00014098802,0.00084519276,0.000042610583,0.00019976427,0.0059382184,0.0011785812,0.9884798,0.000031566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073337747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017056243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018137452,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042016845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00065939024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005084753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921209812","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.001","title":"Nano CuO/g-C3N4 sheets-based ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced interfacial affinity, antifouling and protein separation performances for water treatment application","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane; Nano-; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Separation (statistics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.010304533867606174,"score_gpt":0.24990405933806362,"score_spread":0.23959952547045743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921209812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99532205,0.0008743564,0.002847305,0.00005869426,0.000051788415,0.000012022939,0.00006956715,0.00009448598,0.0006699475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99389654,0.00042519448,0.0041236146,0.00006404775,0.00001684333,0.00002058422,0.0000937811,0.0000137955485,0.0013456846],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987674,0.000013211083,0.000008664205,0.000027997858,0.000044991953,0.000028392882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991894,0.000008141582,0.000020707508,0.000005581371,0.000029769823,0.000016733633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015629128,0.00040323814,0.00022967438,0.00034588904,0.00027159316,0.00025060456,0.0002984947,0.00057493494,0.00038291508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016289802,0.0002047631,0.00031150432,0.0001934969,0.00016877244,0.0003343752,0.00021108886,0.00034776249,0.00012151489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039063874,0.000017991131,0.0000782385,0.00004440512,0.0000061220617,0.00003107279,0.000007734909,0.00011760122,0.9983392,0.000047691425,0.00005359126,0.0012173608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009407986,0.00008982127,0.0018568707,0.000005023961,0.00002598451,0.00006655778,0.000015870628,0.0021621154,0.99491864,0.000028465527,0.0008127574,0.000008498622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087006105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002235298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00087006105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003133436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000217627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022734404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2923314964","doi":"","title":"Optimisation and integration of membrane processes for the fruit juice industry","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Process engineering; Nanofiltration; Pilot plant; Pulp and paper industry; Beverage industry; Unit operation; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.023395212024119264,"score_gpt":0.22222457007095534,"score_spread":0.19882935804683607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2923314964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78501254,0.036837574,0.15947264,0.0008600659,0.00044254184,0.0007930874,0.001376045,0.0015180074,0.0136875445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8788391,0.011757591,0.10165558,0.00011507269,0.0000772409,0.00027511126,0.0013781154,0.00017809638,0.0057240855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880767,0.00015098366,0.00008220481,0.00018672587,0.00058395404,0.00018854825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979657,0.000021949107,0.000035967856,0.00003071141,0.00008414426,0.000030684594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012136687,0.0007417554,0.0007331399,0.00070069206,0.00049403496,0.0016701046,0.00085373805,0.0014019408,0.0021912917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052373897,0.00027634596,0.0011150684,0.00083269895,0.00021270454,0.0014942994,0.0010128533,0.00082422764,0.0009828114],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018380048,0.00020131512,0.00075249106,0.00072471687,0.00004685596,0.00016630109,0.00004587971,0.003993467,0.9464877,0.0008043479,0.00030061015,0.046292588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004680309,0.0011204497,0.005425734,0.00010673745,0.00012524464,0.0005189367,0.00008421889,0.011432609,0.93869066,0.00077236,0.041630115,0.00004617777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077359384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076366076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021912917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001044684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00068153144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075798035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2923954139","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.020","title":"Aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor (AGMBR): Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Factorial experiment; Chromatography; Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Total organic carbon; Polysaccharide; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biofilm","score_opus":0.034734609748003596,"score_gpt":0.299830933747987,"score_spread":0.26509632399998345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2923954139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98505646,0.0011684002,0.010814265,0.00015174977,0.00006150367,0.00006999872,0.0011615742,0.00018254224,0.0013334466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.970468,0.0011392785,0.024527853,0.00008855798,0.000026473639,0.000038572547,0.0011395545,0.00002665917,0.0025449984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958986,0.000057776662,0.000041617666,0.000078447396,0.00018458704,0.000047700283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998603,0.000019818814,0.000021986623,0.000009696287,0.00006245185,0.00002579593],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033062583,0.00051389355,0.00036813418,0.0007023327,0.0003298419,0.000518621,0.00015692443,0.0005527228,0.0003401163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026873432,0.00015603768,0.00028272677,0.0005034836,0.00013371307,0.0002726725,0.00032696745,0.0004985537,0.00027804528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005791154,0.000032851814,0.000850567,0.000036585883,0.000005420066,0.00002402232,0.000008028318,0.000036299854,0.9962049,0.0000145817,0.000028644654,0.0027001295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009558302,0.0001836409,0.013586662,0.0000073549168,0.00002830819,0.00014672944,0.000055362936,0.0007348943,0.9837525,0.000051387156,0.0014346817,0.000008948684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021234602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033280903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021234602,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002375125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047760838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004222214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2929446656","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.188","title":"Chemical cleaning of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes – Ozone versus conventional cleaning chemicals","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabi","keywords":"Chemistry; Sodium hypochlorite; Cleaning agent; Calcium hydroxide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium hydroxide; Humic acid; Fouling; Ozone; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012406324092936098,"score_gpt":0.23625596909064864,"score_spread":0.22384964499771254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2929446656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99226224,0.0038861914,0.0023040958,0.000071825256,0.0001197288,0.000019349232,0.00007079248,0.000026761187,0.0012390515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99430025,0.0016383259,0.0025604567,0.000041887968,0.00002996443,0.000008593349,0.00008983524,0.000008327181,0.0013223644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996735,0.000036526606,0.00002197499,0.000060569502,0.00012841531,0.000079016136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999845,0.000039364604,0.000037420024,0.000016016706,0.000045519908,0.000016578893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037474826,0.00018768752,0.0002445054,0.0002527459,0.00024451473,0.000374025,0.00041505712,0.00039342724,0.001701738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003658344,0.00010585206,0.00042635374,0.00020657487,0.00018304796,0.00035473163,0.00021660786,0.00023040411,0.00021475603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007218413,0.000050972863,0.0004980488,0.00021669842,0.000029422696,0.000025683083,0.000022728898,0.00022847853,0.9921747,0.00017870282,0.00008331117,0.005769462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019724928,0.0008748311,0.0035641848,0.000008328604,0.00006637652,0.00009924245,0.000051435218,0.0010263594,0.99231875,0.000044942546,0.0019177296,0.000008156298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017100533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002002811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017100533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031359072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025955265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005692899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2933005044","doi":"10.7202/1060954ar","title":"Green Moments of Separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Trumpeter","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Separation (statistics); Environmental science; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.01110530354594841,"score_gpt":0.2479914463045076,"score_spread":0.23688614275855918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2933005044","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.039206903,0.0109166,0.28517723,0.019311972,0.009461944,0.000121726116,0.00039408356,0.0011987512,0.63421077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5513827,0.0046651713,0.053623624,0.0043438165,0.0027905935,0.00018531433,0.0002086494,0.00093752786,0.38186255],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994024,0.0001128777,0.000015679341,0.000110923975,0.00024807683,0.000110064015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995777,0.00011931838,0.000041422427,0.000089588895,0.00010058276,0.000071360315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000490721,0.0007203512,0.0006714154,0.0014943684,0.0018725581,0.0021457807,0.00092742336,0.0019518536,0.02235733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016587401,0.00039416453,0.0005093074,0.00076166796,0.0032911676,0.0024156843,0.002448025,0.0040462282,0.0050810566],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004101053,0.000012939436,0.000027850869,0.000034286048,0.0000038977782,0.000036557914,0.00009253649,0.000433152,0.0051968894,0.9776544,0.0062645483,0.010201902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023958459,0.00009883831,0.00023142908,0.000054544827,0.000009796301,0.000365014,0.00015215678,0.007880627,0.01834643,0.8309516,0.14182484,0.00006080391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004078559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043937546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02235733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015454266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006634444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07479268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2938285226","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.055","title":"Fate of micronutrients and heavy metals in digestate processing using vibrating reversed osmosis as resource recovery technology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Digestate; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Resource recovery; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Engineering; Methane","score_opus":0.01222563936466918,"score_gpt":0.2660714305470389,"score_spread":0.2538457911823697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2938285226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99830234,0.00013801304,0.0011552832,0.000020226533,0.00000561632,0.0000049618047,0.000061468774,0.0000090709345,0.0003029327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965407,0.00021726108,0.001603032,0.000016833823,0.0000015938787,0.000005276281,0.00009224284,0.000006133641,0.0015169338],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989414,0.000017952278,0.000007931994,0.000026619615,0.000033274744,0.00002000833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999571,0.000013586145,0.00000858948,0.00000340002,0.00001313349,0.000004260832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022481834,0.00015303033,0.00018430383,0.00013067656,0.0002048504,0.0004522372,0.00017155061,0.0003915947,0.00044383676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016184137,0.00012479823,0.00020136597,0.000116502444,0.0002090068,0.00028046756,0.000155995,0.00029729077,0.00019437191],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025185323,0.0000123046475,0.00063757005,0.00002539824,0.000005174261,0.000031109317,0.00001959981,0.00044919277,0.9968027,0.000067153844,0.000019675037,0.0016782708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000075343237,0.00015382345,0.0025322952,0.000003200399,0.000008336531,0.000025235442,0.000040477582,0.0028804007,0.9938981,0.000042348875,0.00040380438,0.000004398275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002456267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003475272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002456267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003792578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034381734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048838854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940380797","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.010","title":"Impact of intermittent operation on reverse osmosis membrane fouling for brackish groundwater desalination systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Brackish water; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Environmental science; Biofouling; Groundwater; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.01971722603546229,"score_gpt":0.29809935996521025,"score_spread":0.278382133929748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940380797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99950147,0.000062473206,0.00012761452,0.000023404362,0.000008438743,0.0000017290811,0.00002890858,0.0000095151,0.000236421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99973327,0.000030285999,0.000072588344,0.000005615955,0.0000026010555,0.0000011587323,0.00001652256,0.0000018378805,0.00013613066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977773,0.000046156885,0.000019762747,0.00003354221,0.000064857966,0.00005801657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994293,0.00024368452,0.0000894833,0.000041558753,0.00013172149,0.000064225555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000366606,0.00018309263,0.00027400756,0.00026851177,0.000537153,0.00056672393,0.00034060885,0.00033912266,0.0015783859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008435839,0.00009792154,0.00028407451,0.00022768156,0.00023941461,0.0005550549,0.00033568052,0.00039048417,0.0001158136],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.011391897,0.0016384303,0.066899896,0.0005259821,0.00018608983,0.0007571619,0.0004893929,0.017787782,0.7911648,0.0005177851,0.0012898379,0.107350916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018355477,0.009973302,0.15228227,0.000057839647,0.00032759862,0.00042855117,0.0011414618,0.056950115,0.7742061,0.0003756363,0.0040092757,0.0000642592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038606299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058882907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038606299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006244156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033801858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0076763034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940598562","doi":"10.1002/pat.4626","title":"Cellulose acetate nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with hydrous manganese dioxide nanoparticles for water treatment applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanocomposite; Cellulose acetate; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Cellulose; Fouling; Manganese; Regenerated cellulose; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.007457123705336665,"score_gpt":0.22520080242018461,"score_spread":0.21774367871484795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940598562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890104,0.00116515,0.0077445516,0.000083173945,0.000035474317,0.000024183171,0.00013547308,0.00012251256,0.0016790652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892504,0.0007277435,0.0069171563,0.000045282537,0.000009295694,0.000026487534,0.00013168881,0.00002260652,0.0028692782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999434,0.0000042490915,0.0000035031328,0.000014010648,0.00002172687,0.000013256693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995637,0.000006190112,0.000015860718,0.000002348807,0.000011054639,0.0000081703565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008699041,0.000285635,0.0001622253,0.00016217286,0.00012183407,0.00020222273,0.00014082252,0.00028063633,0.0004767544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000097336524,0.00013061913,0.00021548808,0.00011095853,0.00009024665,0.00021675332,0.00011956083,0.00026583867,0.00013185326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008737559,0.00000543345,0.000031390053,0.000018581857,0.0000017175275,0.000010241727,0.0000024798621,0.000047708672,0.9993299,0.000022085831,0.000014817618,0.0005069263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003306902,0.00004106722,0.0009610005,0.000002199431,0.000006414523,0.000044965218,0.0000066555417,0.0010695242,0.9968431,0.0000099476265,0.001008997,0.0000028086783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012796657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034164088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012796657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034691097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016106562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002544403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940913529","doi":"10.1007/s13201-019-0949-1","title":"Impact of independent and non-independent parameters on various elements’ rejection by nanofiltration employed in groundwater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Water Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Groundwater; Membrane; Divalent; Water treatment; Chromatography; Magnesium; Ion; Volume (thermodynamics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00843915906860187,"score_gpt":0.2373797222901115,"score_spread":0.22894056322150963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940913529","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965,0.0010987041,0.0015501535,0.000056124416,0.000032504726,0.00002836857,0.000100687415,0.000021410373,0.0006119911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99529606,0.001118088,0.0028483253,0.000054311728,0.000011922468,0.000024310008,0.00011916416,0.000019346577,0.00050848775],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918205,0.00014298157,0.000077914236,0.00011311712,0.00038966854,0.00009428899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995431,0.00016338025,0.00010894021,0.000022707265,0.00014214148,0.000019809991],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076633476,0.00039718623,0.00059600745,0.00030734343,0.00031198966,0.00061180745,0.00029241477,0.00043847424,0.000500302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001347463,0.00017391438,0.0006733012,0.00037840748,0.00028979426,0.00051734986,0.00035748183,0.00047362107,0.00012230969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042665735,0.00008626297,0.0032680663,0.00035880777,0.00004821221,0.00008780175,0.00011099584,0.00073003606,0.98396736,0.000057175606,0.00006468103,0.010794045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012378452,0.0010132188,0.012281362,0.000016578817,0.00009799538,0.000091277296,0.00013891976,0.0013408969,0.9836543,0.000057423,0.0012758927,0.000019706564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002514369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042297896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002514369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003466559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003748526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004999459},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941341041","doi":"10.1016/j.cis.2019.04.008","title":"Fouling and wetting in the membrane distillation driven wastewater reclamation process – A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Fouling; Wetting; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Land reclamation; Permeation; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Process engineering; Desalination; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.027561656752645373,"score_gpt":0.3632910121560725,"score_spread":0.33572935540342713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2941341041","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019710757,0.9991291,0.000131586,0.00008919967,0.00010817717,0.0000027497053,0.000012797462,0.000003939857,0.00032531872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005978691,0.9987915,0.00014914796,0.00005869094,0.000102173806,0.0000031976624,0.000016482516,9.4861093e-7,0.00027996118],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997875,0.000024365067,0.00003205707,0.00004428506,0.00009161379,0.000020193726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995987,0.00017268021,0.00008962266,0.0000099719855,0.00010478679,0.000024382241],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006160725,0.0011145661,0.0016884345,0.0026374701,0.00028538785,0.0011874388,0.0007550656,0.001126694,0.0014741998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006034373,0.00040091784,0.00060001604,0.0032837056,0.00041554112,0.0014188321,0.0007216762,0.0011016211,0.0008815053],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009192132,0.00013135854,0.00022278963,0.039457615,0.0001554551,0.00020908719,0.0000598705,0.0007925319,0.0070858123,0.002726201,0.012756883,0.93631047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002832863,0.0003215709,0.0020523279,0.007949873,0.00050318154,0.0012673028,0.000110892244,0.0004940806,0.005332039,0.002615857,0.9792398,0.000084740954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015809219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029410294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026374701,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004445454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010645945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049316883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943159423","doi":"10.1002/admi.201802056","title":"Pressure‐Driven Solvent Transport and Complex Ion Permeation through Graphene Oxide Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Solvent; Graphene; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Ethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.015356296291200135,"score_gpt":0.2547704370596435,"score_spread":0.23941414076844333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943159423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99674475,0.00049306004,0.002031314,0.000073628486,0.0000087424605,0.000008991617,0.000050515395,0.000037766044,0.0005510789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997026,0.0005545073,0.001709348,0.000029277442,0.000005305301,0.0000078132125,0.000063145984,0.000009681303,0.00059485645],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999343,0.000011442973,0.0000033277681,0.000011379224,0.000021223172,0.000018358613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995506,0.000015209838,0.000012180281,0.0000030709762,0.000008683645,0.0000057404313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009781496,0.0002875479,0.00014639736,0.00013895893,0.00012579765,0.00023129662,0.00021995274,0.00029185187,0.00037222388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012229267,0.000088977686,0.00019989068,0.00008112337,0.00020942811,0.00044947222,0.00020075709,0.00024613098,0.0001183099],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015336109,0.0000031108323,0.000035367582,0.000019963141,0.0000018187407,0.000025305884,0.000008729439,0.00005221126,0.99940324,0.000034448312,0.0000067863416,0.00039370556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003174311,0.000054772296,0.0005215662,0.0000021204273,0.0000045575703,0.00005007744,0.000022649429,0.0013573474,0.9974565,0.00003479458,0.00048810034,0.0000043733608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044661816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036531285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00044661816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017204057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000106079824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012481809},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944030020","doi":"10.4314/wsa.v45i2.12","title":"Characterization of the performance of venturi-based aeration devices for use in wastewater treatment in low-resource settings","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water SA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Université Laval","funders":"Grand Challenges Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Aeration; Venturi effect; Nozzle; Wastewater; Tap water; Environmental engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.009053239783579928,"score_gpt":0.19954454498414664,"score_spread":0.19049130520056673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944030020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99512106,0.00070251635,0.003461371,0.000031695814,0.000015021986,0.000045177945,0.0002918242,0.000042413525,0.00028887577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892909,0.0008734158,0.00829889,0.000030849536,0.000010286342,0.0000814217,0.0005409391,0.000033764692,0.00083957054],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927694,0.00012973427,0.000106638974,0.00012940606,0.00028151576,0.000075874654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891543,0.00048006614,0.0001907597,0.00007666534,0.00028563052,0.000051397394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008231053,0.00051371084,0.00051393465,0.0003704998,0.00023536102,0.0006918217,0.00051236653,0.0007097336,0.0004940027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020481755,0.00018480659,0.0005300683,0.00046150974,0.00023624321,0.00053642545,0.00030466006,0.00047935962,0.00023281532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059898408,0.000037520917,0.00076366577,0.000092272,0.000008299998,0.000039991268,0.00003519557,0.00024591462,0.99633396,0.000014217068,0.000017672028,0.0023513613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000728605,0.0006470003,0.010637534,0.000010183463,0.000021365118,0.00009848426,0.00005944651,0.001492331,0.98627055,0.000013620924,0.0007280459,0.000014128255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060523034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068983727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008231053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026670232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022675973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0043530464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945787925","doi":"10.22215/etd/2019-13463","title":"Fouling Indices for Quantification of Natural Organic Matter Fouling and Cleaning in Ceramic and Polymeric Membrane Systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Earth Sciences; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Humic acid; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010768851126111171,"score_gpt":0.25326279415878417,"score_spread":0.242493943032673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945787925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81243867,0.038279213,0.10697072,0.00033273018,0.0004448407,0.00095467584,0.0048997365,0.001038256,0.034641206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7973306,0.011741715,0.15945111,0.0002517599,0.00007713023,0.0011886728,0.0036701749,0.00013764737,0.026151221],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986975,0.00016442323,0.00008498919,0.00016073113,0.00081028097,0.00008202159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946886,0.000091880895,0.00012355924,0.00002901732,0.0002571855,0.000029413593],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013792509,0.0006421632,0.0004916012,0.0037935437,0.0003546968,0.00092528004,0.00044540135,0.00069889444,0.001711669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010203546,0.00025274206,0.00062531483,0.002104344,0.00021024121,0.00048418148,0.0004954469,0.000826045,0.0010868189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001817282,0.00026067958,0.0065942374,0.0006334704,0.00008436418,0.000048049,0.00017815141,0.0007676184,0.92931163,0.00050386606,0.0009844146,0.060451776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009453342,0.000699567,0.04539271,0.00010098895,0.00013341583,0.0002564486,0.00034498487,0.00569599,0.9335848,0.0004449018,0.013269629,0.00006697829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001023941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017953876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037935437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000529615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031163442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0072942376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946136433","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.010","title":"Development of microporous substrates of polyamide thin film composite membranes for pressure-driven and osmotically-driven membrane processes: A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Desalination; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Microporous material; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Substrate (aquarium); Membrane technology; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.03868580030049668,"score_gpt":0.2680773575670923,"score_spread":0.2293915572665956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946136433","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016632203,0.9953974,0.0013377778,0.00012722549,0.00017762312,0.000016015561,0.000052551484,0.000019841906,0.0012084063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0040181116,0.9925452,0.0018513364,0.00009667053,0.00010256859,0.000017456818,0.00007875795,0.000005872236,0.001283973],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997484,0.000017874856,0.000034558085,0.000059280363,0.000113210706,0.000026595742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996388,0.00013005557,0.00009367211,0.000017887358,0.00009652078,0.000023042481],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006729949,0.001145408,0.001187651,0.0020866552,0.00019588228,0.0009251067,0.001053789,0.0009990233,0.0012791734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058193906,0.00059288257,0.0005806659,0.0021360351,0.00032036394,0.0016451355,0.00060001406,0.0010898483,0.00093864393],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009531925,0.0002051176,0.00029283663,0.02800905,0.00016897715,0.00034865935,0.000088032146,0.0010765782,0.08621001,0.004718434,0.008058928,0.87072796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033994256,0.00054266327,0.0018422612,0.0028330856,0.00036183433,0.0017905823,0.00009690205,0.0009741347,0.085312165,0.0014303538,0.90468526,0.00009679971],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005718354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012630821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020866552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043531798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006332684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004279256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947219315","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.262","title":"Effects of surface morphology on alginate adhesion: Molecular insights into membrane fouling based on XDLVO and DFT analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Adhesion; Chemical engineering; Surface energy; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Morphology (biology); Surface roughness; Adhesive; Materials science; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Layer (electronics); Organic chemistry; Geology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0035286726509688024,"score_gpt":0.2085950745680892,"score_spread":0.20506640191712042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947219315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.989325,0.00039680468,0.006876296,0.00012917042,0.000025079546,0.0000101499,0.00015747354,0.00008488014,0.0029950663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969927,0.00034103723,0.0018262351,0.000028617073,0.0000039161614,0.000013716081,0.00011208933,0.000017217788,0.0006643407],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999542,0.0000051203915,0.0000022048796,0.000006817192,0.000017739896,0.000013926023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999435,0.000023658951,0.000008834012,0.0000087079925,0.000011246819,0.000004160748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009250551,0.0003052616,0.00023041751,0.00015100997,0.00017582637,0.00027640312,0.00034366085,0.00026494396,0.0025670084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021116454,0.00010872094,0.00020127323,0.00015639533,0.00018326801,0.0002220011,0.00018357667,0.00036508535,0.00023464893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021498554,0.00011349932,0.0025388456,0.0004936693,0.0000316392,0.00031863747,0.00018943641,0.008711093,0.96497214,0.0054758065,0.00050439767,0.016435834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030976178,0.00036675832,0.018177265,0.00004930465,0.00005383615,0.00018619165,0.00037385023,0.25828457,0.7173772,0.0024805178,0.0025642542,0.00005527623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012144488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018928167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025670084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017475682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102712846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008587539},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950032430","doi":"10.1002/chin.200719268","title":"Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors: Applications and Research Directions","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemInform","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Bioreactor; Service (business); Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; World Wide Web; Organic chemistry; Computer science; Business; Marketing; Engineering","score_opus":0.0295222883887219,"score_gpt":0.3115838957503565,"score_spread":0.2820616073616346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950032430","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.039269574,0.8973408,0.02170198,0.022695959,0.0014895424,0.00013983983,0.00058003695,0.00034797756,0.01643435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12942857,0.82171136,0.02838962,0.0028189598,0.0012363388,0.00011339322,0.0009386908,0.000059989787,0.015303059],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992507,0.0001881938,0.000048311194,0.0001335962,0.00026759697,0.0001115623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991942,0.00021285727,0.00006260924,0.00003899705,0.00033797623,0.0001534246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038098635,0.0011451085,0.0011201916,0.0012758152,0.00056865095,0.0033961735,0.0015626699,0.0026449931,0.005285905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000915336,0.00045495838,0.00071971817,0.0022814425,0.0009472638,0.0031071985,0.0005047897,0.0015152306,0.002863622],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016702068,0.0015080574,0.0034889332,0.008228713,0.00010348396,0.000806131,0.0004010026,0.002068878,0.27836505,0.011941047,0.027575621,0.66384286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022959123,0.0046717366,0.009234415,0.0021520013,0.00023700239,0.0026921842,0.0020200552,0.008885967,0.2931065,0.02299233,0.6535736,0.00020468346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024849407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030835837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005285905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015764935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018537078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020148754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954129218","doi":"10.3390/w11071348","title":"Integrated Coagulation-Membrane Processes with Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Configuration for the Treatment of Oil Sands Produced Water","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Produced water; Chemistry; Water treatment; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Reverse osmosis; Sodium carbonate; Flux (metallurgy); Waste management; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Chromatography; Sodium; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand","score_opus":0.013226672873666485,"score_gpt":0.22733185225793875,"score_spread":0.21410517938427226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2954129218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97559774,0.0010647151,0.021639775,0.000047329042,0.000026476897,0.00007816237,0.00011020841,0.00016645355,0.0012690113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98288226,0.00046830974,0.01535563,0.000025962665,0.0000050573667,0.000036616264,0.00009135869,0.000008693874,0.0011262266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971896,0.00003233834,0.00001871851,0.00006971684,0.00012223628,0.000037971397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999598,0.0000060376,0.000009938137,0.0000045099077,0.000013353624,0.0000063557145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021598382,0.00032416623,0.00044511317,0.00027913853,0.00029603697,0.00049039605,0.0004130522,0.00048236438,0.00045000087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012979262,0.0001717819,0.00047332814,0.00022935795,0.00016935245,0.00040171438,0.0004908625,0.000380742,0.00019477637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018540455,0.000106757834,0.0010878914,0.00016673008,0.00002208487,0.000064098596,0.000027335856,0.0011287279,0.98459744,0.00016663264,0.00004612717,0.012400612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003783642,0.0007479551,0.004215923,0.000007508037,0.000056200082,0.00020195471,0.00004021517,0.011129688,0.98039013,0.000080473736,0.0030779545,0.00001420057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016177315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032722685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9983823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005603817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039591227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004065931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954805714","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100883","title":"Effects of feed water temperature on irreversible fouling of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Ceramic membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Viscosity; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.0034729673803974227,"score_gpt":0.19156832808063531,"score_spread":0.18809536070023788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2954805714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989273,0.00036574132,0.00025815237,0.000018480583,0.000022641849,0.0000042603797,0.000081110724,0.000009350244,0.00031296373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999057,0.00019282739,0.00022336266,0.0000140471475,0.0000067924775,0.0000030051801,0.00006458588,0.000009089972,0.00042920673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997416,0.000043161202,0.000025143934,0.00004071933,0.000063564585,0.00008586593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994618,0.00028180506,0.00008107429,0.000031897773,0.00010622171,0.00003723818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031884137,0.0003003528,0.0003452884,0.0001555098,0.00021538003,0.00034152923,0.00023188951,0.00037805972,0.0010400515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009026483,0.00021082214,0.00043704457,0.00018372413,0.00031696138,0.00038755243,0.00013349038,0.00048683028,0.00020236528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022119298,0.00006909499,0.000435533,0.000081457285,0.000018337496,0.00005751758,0.00006614288,0.0003350421,0.99467963,0.000040342475,0.00004508368,0.0019598096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008210046,0.0002655023,0.0017823162,0.0000030525482,0.000011986377,0.000014500116,0.000017957187,0.0004756482,0.9972836,0.000007562237,0.00012415535,0.0000054910615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002506114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027724497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002506114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005279014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027266936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004983127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955499920","doi":"","title":"Membrane glucose demudding by a decanter-membrane process: Challenges and benefits","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Starch; Microfiltration; Turbidity; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Liquefaction; Membrane technology; Sugar; Filter (signal processing); Waste management; Food science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03167454273983867,"score_gpt":0.19769233417766816,"score_spread":0.1660177914378295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955499920","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33855215,0.46418467,0.12971747,0.025973553,0.0025844611,0.00023885538,0.00031721502,0.00065799884,0.03777368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6515337,0.2416699,0.08460759,0.0018546585,0.00103459,0.00011088394,0.00041133855,0.00014704956,0.01863028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928385,0.00013673157,0.00004025813,0.00012546824,0.00034441357,0.00006929352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951077,0.00010273326,0.000101724996,0.000048213846,0.00016467423,0.00007189702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012679815,0.00080242916,0.00079534407,0.00051002257,0.0005058588,0.0022686254,0.0009103882,0.0018709833,0.0021475642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067439716,0.00027109025,0.00052175066,0.00079295115,0.00051460747,0.0028636954,0.0010790444,0.0017876541,0.002115503],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000979805,0.0006543905,0.0023977403,0.005191264,0.00010634734,0.0017956061,0.0003344257,0.003441623,0.51770335,0.013811791,0.0044798935,0.4491038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006236803,0.0030145494,0.006656109,0.00085912895,0.00023439225,0.0062967525,0.0015932046,0.020262092,0.5984221,0.010355279,0.35208568,0.0001583159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006253559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083067134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022686254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008033507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046229304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007184267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955805792","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2019.103269","title":"Long-term performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating malting wastewater at room temperature (23 ± 1 °C)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Biogas; Membrane; Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane permeability; Fouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; 16S ribosomal RNA; Environmental engineering; Biology; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.00407721973644426,"score_gpt":0.1761078714639763,"score_spread":0.17203065172753204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955805792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982811,0.0005108781,0.0005889161,0.00005012066,0.000034673492,0.000008710246,0.00033647814,0.000025569652,0.00016358454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973103,0.00033291322,0.0006809946,0.000038075636,0.000013937844,0.000019064262,0.00059527176,0.000013770789,0.0009956722],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994759,0.000062300795,0.00006309316,0.0001553985,0.00013068432,0.00011257079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959475,0.00008195088,0.000060089806,0.000041976415,0.0001605307,0.000060727656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006961308,0.000638946,0.00093814236,0.00027877363,0.00062413735,0.0008818553,0.00051661907,0.0009305204,0.0005935684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005267258,0.00024840268,0.00094904215,0.0003956889,0.00033667102,0.0008005149,0.0004850439,0.0007141172,0.00044226402],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006678951,0.00015919359,0.000764446,0.000047272046,0.000030105106,0.000035481993,0.000042628246,0.00020926342,0.99646485,0.000011574608,0.000039255025,0.0015280173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022780816,0.001734745,0.013886121,0.000012399661,0.00012572731,0.000082428436,0.000121994686,0.0018021376,0.9816882,0.000024347937,0.00046500395,0.000034079287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006479718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004610804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006479718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060952886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012883961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2956543718","doi":"10.11113/amst.v23n3.166","title":"Fundamentals of RO Membrane Separation Process: Problems and Solutions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Separation (statistics); Membrane; Calculator; Simple (philosophy); Membrane technology; Osmosis; Separation process; Process (computing); Computer science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Epistemology; Philosophy; Machine learning","score_opus":0.013394449641315727,"score_gpt":0.2621743449255953,"score_spread":0.2487798952842796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2956543718","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0089718485,0.045442473,0.83349484,0.007423928,0.0015012379,0.0002645798,0.0005233667,0.00058739807,0.1017904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21411417,0.08983929,0.5907745,0.0019216674,0.0039438177,0.0012877692,0.0012470458,0.00039550607,0.09647624],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992143,0.0001335674,0.000064558975,0.0001560507,0.00037807747,0.000053411895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995603,0.00018276864,0.00004581481,0.0000450354,0.00014627585,0.000019757525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009937173,0.0009842874,0.0011241077,0.0011730962,0.00097292993,0.0022001946,0.0016720162,0.0026118536,0.0060855867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013820127,0.00050772197,0.0010057315,0.0009923824,0.0014090972,0.0024321806,0.0016184758,0.0031438982,0.003230079],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009013865,0.00021912645,0.00097002584,0.00265594,0.000046418558,0.00052278186,0.00070020225,0.101360805,0.010862553,0.5818369,0.021542115,0.27919298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026153126,0.00013957215,0.00090111035,0.0005429221,0.000018546209,0.00095184613,0.00031914067,0.18309854,0.006016031,0.59115154,0.21672057,0.00011407072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014736145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057843124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060855867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011937403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014618747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020358264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2959070186","doi":"10.5360/membrane.34.239","title":"Application of Membrane Process in Vitamin C Production","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fermentation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane; Flocculation; Centrifugation; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Process engineering; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008065821956961117,"score_gpt":0.2486979029477535,"score_spread":0.2406320809907924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2959070186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9314283,0.008330486,0.052074503,0.00051590946,0.00011887351,0.0001282387,0.00041945715,0.00038388468,0.006600306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9613392,0.0037289471,0.031893536,0.00006241024,0.000016328033,0.00003723446,0.00030546339,0.0000329285,0.0025841377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971384,0.00004877729,0.00001694765,0.00006975839,0.00010148479,0.00004910358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991906,0.000015266898,0.00001436207,0.000015661735,0.000023068753,0.000012548413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003532247,0.0003431186,0.00034140568,0.0003985925,0.0006752647,0.00067377655,0.0003508083,0.0007437054,0.00088480866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021966855,0.00012357013,0.00051784544,0.0005625185,0.000251273,0.0004950478,0.00048538897,0.00045854386,0.0006018987],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057394813,0.000023836486,0.0003625064,0.00012003109,0.0000073973515,0.00011886303,0.000056638517,0.00022085664,0.98856723,0.00029734994,0.00009919914,0.010068696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000788649,0.00011212248,0.001252781,0.00001208183,0.000013536946,0.00027644684,0.000042979893,0.0007187581,0.99074954,0.00010131576,0.006702784,0.000009655055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024228147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012394759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024228147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007862381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046359946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057046413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2961627480","doi":"10.5360/membrane.35.119","title":"Development of Novel Membranes Based on Electro–spun Nanofibers and Their Application in Liquid Filtration, Membrane Distillation and Membrane Adsorption","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Polysulfone; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Membrane distillation; Electrospinning; Filtration (mathematics); Polyacrylonitrile; Bacterial cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Polymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cellulose acetate; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Cellulose; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.009534834847850195,"score_gpt":0.2213417533356011,"score_spread":0.2118069184877509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2961627480","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90475005,0.012365581,0.07520076,0.00069969107,0.00037697208,0.00028539746,0.00045246858,0.00078678894,0.005082331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88522893,0.009653013,0.092673294,0.00032605912,0.00013883544,0.0002923592,0.00046288726,0.000112425085,0.011112197],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986196,0.000012101172,0.000011804096,0.000034637636,0.00005614999,0.00002333699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998598,0.000027880866,0.00004028149,0.0000096375015,0.000039728377,0.000022650323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002845063,0.00043076527,0.00033368284,0.00038812048,0.00024651122,0.0003479492,0.00033829987,0.0009877048,0.0006778445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023241455,0.00027345613,0.00056358887,0.00020034194,0.00022548558,0.0011058457,0.00023139523,0.00064434786,0.00044879792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008918831,0.000016748663,0.00002655122,0.00006386167,0.0000039854435,0.000057798683,0.000012963884,0.00007189746,0.9976324,0.00013109324,0.00003716275,0.0019365147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064273718,0.00009941745,0.00061788986,0.00000692592,0.0000071187073,0.00020424441,0.000009766973,0.00075768714,0.99513465,0.00004552748,0.0031005798,0.000009708754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003848367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006591697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009877048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031658506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019665236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022970438},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962783569","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-47096-6","title":"Investigating fouling at the pore-scale using a microfluidic membrane mimic filtration system","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Colloid; Microfluidics; Polystyrene; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Microfiltration; Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.0185001015564726,"score_gpt":0.23521241510905724,"score_spread":0.21671231355258463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962783569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816025,0.000806494,0.016679514,0.00009103696,0.000032205684,0.00004175483,0.00012968351,0.00013016153,0.00048664535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98427767,0.00047048245,0.0146659715,0.000051687348,0.000012078639,0.000037960235,0.00008203118,0.0000058677083,0.00039619976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982846,0.000024163515,0.000011230574,0.000038774484,0.00006855453,0.000028867447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983776,0.00004927645,0.00004896862,0.00001664528,0.000025775307,0.000021519176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018282991,0.0002062169,0.00026323556,0.0001754964,0.00021308576,0.0002868538,0.00024771705,0.0005501673,0.00024530772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002905761,0.00009037083,0.00021393507,0.00010941798,0.00020439073,0.00026609324,0.00019611456,0.00025092348,0.00011330956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011906721,0.000009113229,0.00018066466,0.00001878419,0.000002419378,0.00002033922,0.000009307979,0.00014084906,0.99875534,0.000050990704,0.000012392631,0.00078788446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003498484,0.00018480075,0.0021893792,0.0000021955134,0.0000067750907,0.000099686535,0.000016421092,0.0033511429,0.99304926,0.000048228987,0.0010402867,0.000008248033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007551717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000507834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007551717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003349916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024792238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024305582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962867199","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.331","title":"Impact of hydraulic retention time and organic matter concentration on side-stream aerobic granular membrane bioreactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary","keywords":"Hydraulic retention time; Membrane bioreactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane permeability; Organic matter; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006534914993678559,"score_gpt":0.20312763385599805,"score_spread":0.1965927188623195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962867199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991448,0.00022141743,0.00016703506,0.000041813917,0.000025990721,0.000005020137,0.0001080507,0.000011408472,0.00027443023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991831,0.00022368718,0.00016674033,0.000028538587,0.000008724678,0.0000042601746,0.0000670661,0.0000033087965,0.00031457737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958056,0.00005215781,0.00004534809,0.000076494725,0.0001327424,0.00011266378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993137,0.00026502274,0.00013305598,0.000027239194,0.00017924438,0.000081702805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033859187,0.0003812361,0.00067681033,0.00022988033,0.00041022938,0.0010494471,0.00032970356,0.0006608089,0.00095871463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008823995,0.0002056067,0.00046694512,0.00029544346,0.0002593639,0.0005246636,0.0002921269,0.00051100896,0.0001994973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0024378444,0.00024276036,0.0017854038,0.00015441063,0.00003250363,0.00018038476,0.000055233457,0.0013097689,0.9898241,0.00005451968,0.00011927094,0.0038039135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004716038,0.0013317491,0.008528029,0.00001219003,0.00007582902,0.000049573962,0.0001366536,0.0032736466,0.9860578,0.000032589,0.00043143987,0.000023329234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049425117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0047630253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0049425117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007775486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007573233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009827495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963091111","doi":"10.3390/membranes9070090","title":"Hybrid Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration–Calcite Contactor: A Novel Point-of-Entry Treatment for Removal of Dissolved Mn, Fe, NOM and Hardness from Domestic Groundwater Supplies","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Manganese; Water treatment; Contactor; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Calcite; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Metallurgy; Environmental science; Mineralogy; Engineering","score_opus":0.015728154455567064,"score_gpt":0.24306805788964886,"score_spread":0.22733990343408178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963091111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9742666,0.0015914097,0.022461133,0.000096900505,0.000044935205,0.00006111561,0.00017421428,0.00023939733,0.0010643433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820696,0.0008675932,0.014245581,0.000055426735,0.00001300432,0.000026935993,0.00012152965,0.000019762125,0.0025805908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986255,0.00000907029,0.000007784489,0.00003518081,0.000062984676,0.000022491744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994195,0.000007889949,0.000016587082,0.0000034109262,0.000018306671,0.0000118704065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001339706,0.00031005545,0.0003017966,0.00017125692,0.00020318582,0.00018862472,0.00031666082,0.00051140925,0.00040165082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001137288,0.00009924808,0.00033562694,0.00017470901,0.00015835935,0.0003806616,0.00023183158,0.00023690682,0.00014451332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003496777,0.000013523255,0.00013169041,0.0000611984,0.000004782133,0.000047169928,0.000014576069,0.00008962221,0.99675506,0.000042071515,0.000046676032,0.0027586953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007668655,0.0001517332,0.0015468744,0.0000033954273,0.000011594063,0.0002214877,0.000020378782,0.0024449269,0.9940171,0.00001551944,0.0015480779,0.000011103298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022567487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043128324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022567487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029090763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024555437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044872165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963212208","doi":"10.2166/wst.2019.253","title":"Modelling gas–liquid mass transfer in wastewater treatment: when current knowledge needs to encounter engineering practice and vice versa","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Mass transfer; Current (fluid); Process (computing); Process engineering; Greenhouse gas; Work (physics); Mass transfer coefficient; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.011701981307472277,"score_gpt":0.23612075413065028,"score_spread":0.22441877282317801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963212208","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06672026,0.23367926,0.42332453,0.24038294,0.003815176,0.00017803081,0.0004232108,0.00089442503,0.030582186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5124577,0.28767964,0.17559028,0.011426319,0.0034772307,0.00033272398,0.00056517945,0.00039688827,0.008074058],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99658823,0.001552356,0.0002920009,0.0005172363,0.0008321188,0.00021803175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937674,0.003929106,0.00048848486,0.000671252,0.0008936453,0.00025022123],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008803812,0.0010592514,0.0018477557,0.0011283783,0.00097370567,0.007000029,0.0025829722,0.0055877785,0.002321165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0118467,0.00066629704,0.001015123,0.0014161896,0.004992163,0.016448446,0.0037815736,0.005463271,0.0011915665],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031326336,0.0005368141,0.009569027,0.01114556,0.0003012992,0.0010130788,0.0029527142,0.17193589,0.013110271,0.34757048,0.021630019,0.41992158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000046481087,0.0003398309,0.0025941182,0.004763986,0.00013988379,0.0006220005,0.0044890186,0.2017042,0.008364772,0.5784263,0.1982526,0.0002567506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004108109,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004992888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008803812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022188323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0041000694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.046559572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963820808","doi":"10.5360/membrane.33.153","title":"Total Solution for Beverage Production Process by a Combination ofCentrifugation, Membrane Filtration and Centrifugal Thin-filmEvaporation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Process (computing); Centrifugation; Process engineering; Production (economics); Evaporation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012190298802619667,"score_gpt":0.22897490072171914,"score_spread":0.21678460191909948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963820808","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34750026,0.016323144,0.6085593,0.0012337542,0.0010427994,0.00072176824,0.0015287122,0.004139181,0.018951096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4331592,0.010308773,0.5098907,0.0005063495,0.00030311762,0.00073319173,0.0029238544,0.00065564277,0.041519094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997011,0.00003175993,0.00001851802,0.000081045764,0.00014088486,0.000026777336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998939,0.00001304405,0.000017241777,0.00001684719,0.000037480855,0.000021425347],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055939786,0.0009980866,0.0007084342,0.0007722526,0.0006789998,0.00069306826,0.0005291316,0.00061282236,0.0043800385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021897095,0.00029705648,0.0008606899,0.00045638788,0.00021826412,0.0009061719,0.0007859819,0.0010064854,0.0028250418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003559628,0.000034034434,0.00010176534,0.00014524009,0.000018103186,0.00003076356,0.00001811842,0.00005711818,0.98148316,0.000579651,0.0004710487,0.017025333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030385763,0.00020652625,0.00045734702,0.000018569626,0.000051535193,0.0002230457,0.000016442806,0.0013197956,0.9755528,0.00042236876,0.021686278,0.000014921825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044629344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012272683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043800385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040695834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00075715873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014652729},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963828708","doi":"10.1039/c9en00455f","title":"Water disinfection using Ag nanoparticle–CuO nanowire co-modified 3D copper foam nanocomposites in high flow under low voltages","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Nano","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Calgary Laboratory Services; University of Calgary","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Copper; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Sterilization (economics); Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Electroporation; Low voltage; Nanowire; Nanotechnology; Voltage; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.008642810106436334,"score_gpt":0.2313124891654875,"score_spread":0.22266967905905116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963828708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99624866,0.00028534193,0.0021764063,0.000046653877,0.000027860107,0.0000074705167,0.000060555725,0.00011908953,0.0010279007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997663,0.00008072296,0.0013056303,0.000014378193,0.0000037804061,0.000008865204,0.000051898784,0.000013012913,0.00085865613],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990857,0.000007816173,0.0000054346942,0.000023622504,0.000027354516,0.000027220054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999429,0.000012216289,0.000014152141,0.0000053934605,0.000016127056,0.000009213542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009456148,0.00023634237,0.00011847269,0.00016817084,0.00013693656,0.00020002281,0.00018993716,0.0003317508,0.00095405424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013075907,0.00015750999,0.00016956832,0.00009463193,0.00014269503,0.00023807636,0.00013742919,0.00022554836,0.00017619155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005497206,0.000012245669,0.00007848608,0.00002575167,0.0000032893834,0.00003052594,0.000023690449,0.0001223595,0.9981267,0.000059747337,0.00007484296,0.0013873713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000403859,0.00005140184,0.00039406592,0.0000014432179,0.0000045769807,0.000017340572,0.000010770703,0.0018826155,0.9971163,0.00001637052,0.00049808953,0.0000029790567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010503903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016061494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010503903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002514053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001211129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964582705","doi":"10.1680/jenes.18.00044","title":"Use of a coupled SBR–MBR for treatment of produced water enriched by halophilic bacteria","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Bioreactor; Halophile; Membrane fouling; Biochemical oxygen demand; Sequencing batch reactor; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Bacteria; Activated sludge; Biology","score_opus":0.010543026971142197,"score_gpt":0.19868965880547787,"score_spread":0.18814663183433566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964582705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855607,0.0010555004,0.01250503,0.00009987122,0.000055393546,0.00009111503,0.00011717267,0.00013609792,0.0003791116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96314836,0.0011989048,0.033448245,0.000107467335,0.000034693145,0.000076556345,0.0002764108,0.000048619913,0.0016608319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940836,0.00009198028,0.00005059926,0.00012350582,0.0002706737,0.000054801185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979144,0.00003400214,0.00004720207,0.000016803424,0.00005744396,0.000053100586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051751017,0.0009472598,0.0011257071,0.00044820856,0.00032085757,0.0006398982,0.0006611349,0.00087694294,0.00045552666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004416569,0.00039728466,0.0008390772,0.00030790592,0.00025130057,0.00046134237,0.00069979555,0.0006861508,0.00041409006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005033399,0.000026812813,0.00009494208,0.00003543337,0.000009618401,0.000013215594,0.0000057937464,0.000051594016,0.99867505,0.000005651337,0.000005359863,0.0010260845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015918942,0.00064189604,0.0014873584,0.000006031349,0.00005830876,0.00012568428,0.000023223169,0.0011687244,0.9958407,0.000011079655,0.0006103251,0.00001071278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020735946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024799434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020735946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038862714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000565374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004123032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964691042","doi":"10.1039/c9cc04851k","title":"Formation of a thin and continuous MOF membrane with 2-D MOF nanosheets as seeds <i>via</i> layer-by-layer growth","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Layer (electronics); Layer by layer; Seeding; Polymer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Thin layer; Thin film; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012276980177975334,"score_gpt":0.2329098956151932,"score_spread":0.22063291543721789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964691042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806847,0.0005779099,0.016623532,0.00013380089,0.000051521165,0.000056560653,0.00033599592,0.0002596248,0.0012764247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9707766,0.00058458943,0.02675592,0.00004572095,0.000015016241,0.00008626182,0.0002780039,0.000059434293,0.0013983194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999033,0.0000071195745,0.000007197195,0.000027966176,0.000028446297,0.000025962945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998658,0.000031360254,0.00003143541,0.000019895275,0.000023849116,0.0000276203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016946795,0.00046569644,0.00032018957,0.00030808683,0.00027571985,0.00029227286,0.000379836,0.00068840035,0.0005238668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026563977,0.00034504177,0.00035859743,0.0001753554,0.000187585,0.0005648575,0.0003491552,0.0005699133,0.00034093665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010036902,0.0000066160246,0.000059659436,0.000019110976,0.000004313764,0.000039424394,0.000011817442,0.000071054856,0.9991468,0.00008272393,0.000019009165,0.00052946823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041272633,0.000030745854,0.00032631258,0.0000018437821,0.0000040706573,0.000051351963,0.0000070179067,0.0007940281,0.99816006,0.000022985387,0.0005929655,0.0000044055537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063691346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011668368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00068840035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033475345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027957532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024288297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965095907","doi":"10.3390/polym11081310","title":"A Review on Porous Polymeric Membrane Preparation. Part II: Production Techniques with Polyethylene, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polypropylene, Polyimide, and Polytetrafluoroethylene","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Materials science; Polydimethylsiloxane; Membrane; Polymer; Polyimide; Polypropylene; Polyethylene; Porosity; Fabrication; Composite material; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Layer (electronics); Chemistry","score_opus":0.030712930223955496,"score_gpt":0.30105707280755284,"score_spread":0.27034414258359735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965095907","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00029949588,0.99470705,0.0009701872,0.00016857716,0.00039850568,0.000017713255,0.00008417231,0.000031782918,0.0033225378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011042546,0.9947962,0.001061634,0.00020433098,0.00020875307,0.000028965955,0.00014046062,0.000007928676,0.0024474815],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997912,0.0000217905,0.0000300614,0.00004412456,0.0000920889,0.000020769887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976796,0.00009490722,0.000047293153,0.000010989912,0.000057941244,0.00002093773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003592565,0.0011151062,0.001095297,0.0027002222,0.0003206692,0.00069506984,0.00071663316,0.0007770661,0.005911159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044951012,0.00046011526,0.00056116976,0.0035631354,0.000370495,0.0015103689,0.00048821513,0.0011949582,0.005614329],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005551949,0.0001315924,0.00017906554,0.033842336,0.00009594912,0.00029142114,0.0000769208,0.0005638135,0.016288491,0.0035846012,0.04581344,0.8990768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000066068,0.00009688218,0.00070794893,0.0020322439,0.00006279198,0.0010942791,0.000029224944,0.00007310248,0.0030976748,0.0008797292,0.991901,0.000018580333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007129486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011953089,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005911159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000509559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009848727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019774854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969655739","doi":"10.3390/nano9091186","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Permeation; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.019918132192158145,"score_gpt":0.23959249851141456,"score_spread":0.2196743663192564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969655739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97160894,0.0024828084,0.02329025,0.00014083872,0.00006709143,0.00005602118,0.00019707595,0.00028904705,0.0018680524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9832365,0.0010828445,0.012676189,0.000037361748,0.000013384726,0.000036404665,0.00014575482,0.000029152658,0.002742502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998715,0.000012504048,0.000008854175,0.000029742361,0.00005902094,0.000018404264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999411,0.000010753813,0.000017966497,0.0000039359884,0.000017341537,0.000008913591],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000149724,0.0003782308,0.00018603374,0.00022844243,0.00014662731,0.00030803747,0.00024683765,0.0004406346,0.00048833125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001576398,0.00015649454,0.000235893,0.00014165252,0.00014997134,0.0004736405,0.0002234543,0.00043524476,0.0002151161],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007235213,0.00000598134,0.00001517368,0.000016757365,0.0000015425005,0.000010784879,0.0000026094403,0.000056147364,0.9994367,0.0000206688,0.0000070055507,0.00041935535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025468987,0.000058752164,0.00032401332,0.0000018869182,0.0000052916744,0.000032618962,0.000006965181,0.0008313236,0.99793196,0.000014285764,0.00078790856,0.0000026347143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007141223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021744808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007141223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032694283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018326505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023721457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971266171","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124691","title":"Removal of trace organic contaminants by melamine-tuned highly cross-linked polyamide TFC membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Tata Memorial Centre; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Melamine; Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Chemistry; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Amine gas treating; Polymerization; Diamine; Chemical engineering; Diazinon; Nuclear chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Pesticide","score_opus":0.006907063349717994,"score_gpt":0.2305666708840134,"score_spread":0.2236596075342954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971266171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944047,0.0007166984,0.0035942665,0.00006749673,0.000027718173,0.00000997683,0.000081438186,0.000068562,0.00102911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99476814,0.00046668743,0.0023220556,0.00003062294,0.000010366836,0.000009035754,0.00009226951,0.000011939246,0.0022888863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998778,0.000008291913,0.000008651474,0.000029977138,0.000036895024,0.000038279453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993813,0.00001052081,0.000015660242,0.000005527606,0.000021477868,0.000008803201],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013328598,0.000295279,0.00019769426,0.0001610349,0.00021319793,0.00026717823,0.0002913148,0.00042328614,0.00051694957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017681577,0.00011951923,0.00021797689,0.00014515164,0.00013305234,0.0002829854,0.00014482121,0.00036092536,0.0002558493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002324486,0.0000051176844,0.00003013949,0.000011788778,0.0000019357576,0.000017058735,0.000006213144,0.000048403774,0.99925214,0.000023671291,0.00001602685,0.0005642864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013447242,0.0000222303,0.00020629323,9.562916e-7,0.0000025725221,0.000015721786,0.0000039145743,0.00042815533,0.9989895,0.000005831025,0.00032161866,0.0000017702282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024521449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002672911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024521449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004621796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002547187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048757195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971622111","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122103","title":"Application of radial basis function artificial neural network to quantify interfacial energies related to membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Radial basis function; Fouling; Artificial neural network; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Biological system; Bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010797245261080127,"score_gpt":0.23967303638712542,"score_spread":0.22887579112604528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971622111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84486246,0.0005785403,0.15229812,0.00014471027,0.000054496206,0.000036243215,0.000074845084,0.00035626386,0.0015944415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97853845,0.000118995966,0.020783609,0.00001826497,0.000005417374,0.000013710786,0.00002386681,0.0000086999335,0.00048903265],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998791,0.000037617738,0.0000073531482,0.000026960233,0.000039339113,0.000009528303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997365,0.00010584847,0.000030616928,0.000012142307,0.0001053559,0.000009506379],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005870747,0.0004254121,0.00038211758,0.00044121404,0.0002569006,0.00036359372,0.0003049367,0.0006229375,0.00023596588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068840926,0.00015203549,0.00028535057,0.00031726068,0.00016419437,0.00032754618,0.00019952109,0.00029122565,0.00006829901],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010020769,0.00053173734,0.012219001,0.00026216984,0.0001631497,0.00024177521,0.0000896997,0.41622728,0.39694178,0.00083056756,0.0003776682,0.17111303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046639425,0.000067780835,0.0019091798,0.0000026255657,0.000014724556,0.000015133991,0.000008182072,0.9777044,0.020110372,0.00008918302,0.00006312828,0.00001048715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033504297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030819452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033504297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037171095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025897153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006661892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971983339","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134288","title":"On the design of sustainable antifouling system for the crossflow filtration of oily water systems: A multicontinuum and CFD investigation of the periodic feed pressure technique","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Biofouling; Emulsion; Porosity; Oil droplet; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.010187973744003325,"score_gpt":0.19479325398320022,"score_spread":0.1846052802391969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971983339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56773037,0.0011019228,0.42444554,0.00028623603,0.00007899477,0.00012585873,0.000046815174,0.00017500186,0.0060092476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91638225,0.00066488684,0.08085824,0.000037899015,0.00001872823,0.00006224119,0.000033928747,0.000022067585,0.0019198587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991786,0.000017270759,0.0000039845636,0.000012782295,0.000039492537,0.000008694584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999323,0.000027737784,0.000010032613,0.0000047387052,0.000021052205,0.0000041446424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025210017,0.00019046053,0.0002645986,0.00020497365,0.00040288732,0.000390535,0.00029982722,0.0004173331,0.00047605278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030442546,0.000106281506,0.0003264171,0.00013569703,0.00021302137,0.0003591031,0.00024302701,0.00021968302,0.00007687461],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016131822,0.00015339603,0.001541033,0.0003465412,0.00003222834,0.0002934575,0.00027063448,0.39818203,0.4868373,0.012305522,0.0005939124,0.09928264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014833404,0.00020123727,0.00092282204,0.00001194091,0.000018282115,0.00006163692,0.000049439823,0.92138433,0.073831744,0.0010916484,0.0023934436,0.000018677363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001831763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015371902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001831763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027598365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064044696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036422014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975051788","doi":"10.1002/cite.201900064","title":"Treatment of Oily and Salty Mining Water by Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemie Ingenieur Technik","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Salt (chemistry); Environmental science; Potash; Ceramic; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Salt lake; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Geology; Potassium; Engineering","score_opus":0.008928678123600013,"score_gpt":0.22054743555972384,"score_spread":0.21161875743612382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975051788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973673,0.00027432136,0.0018224629,0.000033873595,0.000009630352,0.000024952114,0.00007112502,0.000020362273,0.00037611375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957777,0.0003780989,0.002542397,0.000018543464,0.0000043651926,0.0000130310145,0.0001039194,0.0000073863503,0.001154551],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998801,0.000008464269,0.0000060383504,0.000016969601,0.000052860232,0.000035626934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994504,0.000009374313,0.000011888479,0.0000020477246,0.000022031245,0.000009505796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001561538,0.00032727496,0.00028843095,0.00017340123,0.00038395243,0.00031156314,0.0001749414,0.00027902625,0.00033206373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017523338,0.000094144365,0.00027733337,0.00014143442,0.00027397284,0.00019351332,0.00018564337,0.00027842328,0.00008182291],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027849059,0.000007723461,0.00021394288,0.00003561147,0.0000030311317,0.000028987783,0.000029782177,0.00014739684,0.99809355,0.000016107397,0.000015574898,0.0013805361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009418717,0.00012480812,0.0032471942,0.000003179258,0.000012583303,0.000058775036,0.00006315433,0.0006064198,0.9949473,0.00001979786,0.0009003157,0.0000070884093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026933586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.046335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026933586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00079191517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00074381236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05355364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976557765","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100945","title":"High-strength ammonium wastewater treatment by MBR: Steady-state nitrification kinetic parameters","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"EnGlobe (Canada); Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"EnGlobe; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Ammoniacal nitrogen; Chemistry; Nitrification; Leachate; Wastewater; Ammonium; Steady state (chemistry); Effluent; Nitrogen; Bioreactor; Substrate (aquarium); Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006655329113982308,"score_gpt":0.199370322508061,"score_spread":0.1927149933940787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976557765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99520147,0.00053937954,0.0032935394,0.000072541836,0.000017623699,0.000011211261,0.00017413835,0.00004413939,0.0006459768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99816054,0.00013152717,0.0009721462,0.000009167722,0.0000028455502,0.0000069477874,0.00013084932,0.0000075146568,0.0005784522],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998317,0.00002953749,0.000019190593,0.00003295013,0.0000584096,0.000028156126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998567,0.000054596505,0.000016383232,0.0000125326105,0.00004716344,0.000012554478],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042096188,0.00027555195,0.0003277177,0.00014467671,0.00015745788,0.00040079255,0.0002601646,0.0004336288,0.00072732917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000475621,0.0001552677,0.0002975891,0.00018530135,0.00014313028,0.00047124398,0.00019018905,0.000404266,0.00025418765],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004611363,0.000075284646,0.0009891309,0.000051760693,0.000011432259,0.00001414133,0.000023549102,0.0010301896,0.9935567,0.000065591776,0.00006664064,0.0036544488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001053645,0.0002093894,0.0035515311,0.0000032130708,0.000017365655,0.000023383895,0.00002394788,0.0058565624,0.9899294,0.00004852289,0.00031630098,0.000009874168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023883348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002382346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023883348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005503894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003554088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047489405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976695666","doi":"10.1039/c9ew00616h","title":"An alginate active layer of polyether sulfone membrane suppresses algae-fouling in repeated filtration of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> for a higher recovery of water permeation flux","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nutrasource","funders":"Xiamen Southern Oceanographic Center; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","keywords":"Sulfone; Membrane; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Interfacial polymerization; Chloride; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Monomer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.022269207515210172,"score_gpt":0.30067745448121574,"score_spread":0.2784082469660056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976695666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976768,0.00022548244,0.0016906982,0.000030625848,0.000012950645,0.0000055134483,0.000026909318,0.00002599824,0.00030511554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974402,0.00011302831,0.001338584,0.000017593744,0.0000033204713,0.0000054134357,0.000044140153,0.000007890998,0.0010298017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986696,0.000014642199,0.000013535056,0.000025333928,0.000040201954,0.000039294053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999329,0.000008394999,0.000019126282,0.0000053056892,0.0000136093,0.000020791542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115656,0.00026750806,0.00013633046,0.00013008503,0.00012534791,0.0002285448,0.0001663416,0.00023807409,0.0003440667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010458925,0.00012006032,0.0002651001,0.00009102398,0.00012807656,0.00017533332,0.00014242384,0.00027799758,0.00009612221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018769997,0.000005111075,0.00002519702,0.000007808926,0.0000012631194,0.000007638296,0.0000040319765,0.000013933334,0.9997372,0.0000117349455,0.0000037165744,0.00016361578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020351868,0.00003662098,0.00038167194,8.302072e-7,0.000005688319,0.00001549317,0.0000035931864,0.00019356873,0.99921095,0.0000029049072,0.0001453674,0.0000011786937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001332687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017812026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001332687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020710875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018486334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026499033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2978787331","doi":"10.1038/s41545-019-0044-z","title":"Carbon-based polymer nanocomposite membranes for oily wastewater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Graphene; Biofouling; Carbon fibers; Wetting; Oxide; Nanotechnology; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Composite number; Engineering","score_opus":0.010865744963381186,"score_gpt":0.22187328698114878,"score_spread":0.21100754201776759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2978787331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7429796,0.19034205,0.046203203,0.0017215115,0.000710066,0.00018238244,0.00039144963,0.0005221068,0.016947607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9418827,0.03909273,0.012605218,0.00022575633,0.00008330527,0.000039856342,0.00014426291,0.000029644889,0.005896419],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987876,0.000016354074,0.000007732731,0.000024677978,0.000053272008,0.00001912284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994826,0.000012142343,0.000011636812,0.0000019296758,0.000019185181,0.000006734138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018647204,0.0003994375,0.00024080604,0.0004274063,0.00017339776,0.00038230905,0.00020290549,0.00063350843,0.00079431775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018228072,0.00011760792,0.00030905943,0.000257091,0.00012679833,0.000577715,0.00025103762,0.00050703646,0.00028668184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057503235,0.000075958866,0.00011778739,0.00084331085,0.000039216266,0.0001428887,0.0000125530405,0.0010375086,0.9762182,0.0007235001,0.0003828246,0.020348726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013602472,0.00024638895,0.0009492177,0.000073423835,0.000051150077,0.0002560027,0.000031264288,0.0059082787,0.97345406,0.00027753078,0.01872497,0.000014135689],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056349055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013575164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079431775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004132251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000270952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029981732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979306278","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116212","title":"Adsorption mechanisms of crude oil onto polytetrafluoroethylene membrane: Kinetics and isotherm, and strategies for adsorption fouling control","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Exothermic reaction; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Microfiltration; Diffusion; Kinetics; Activation energy; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010056122767074406,"score_gpt":0.25024434280715246,"score_spread":0.24018822004007806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979306278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97711724,0.0035816473,0.01718222,0.00039791982,0.0000270635,0.000041980657,0.00018813957,0.00007110122,0.0013926262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920276,0.0023895279,0.0026598412,0.00003179864,0.000008314346,0.000017089858,0.000117542666,0.0000101049745,0.0027381666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983597,0.00002754086,0.000011123629,0.000019956935,0.000060124712,0.00004538408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984396,0.00006375833,0.000025114561,0.000011761926,0.000045470046,0.000009907085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055279606,0.00028757344,0.00027513245,0.0003249249,0.00027292687,0.00040838853,0.00046707774,0.00047783196,0.0006915718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00087434484,0.000219603,0.00034792162,0.00025769862,0.00031820274,0.00094267743,0.0001754902,0.0003710839,0.00022802745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027361957,0.000093565846,0.001348441,0.00018712197,0.000021258578,0.00007859327,0.00010095311,0.0030319847,0.9837372,0.0012781518,0.00011816524,0.009731101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000082166725,0.00014949667,0.003730996,0.000005547022,0.000016223199,0.00011228971,0.00007509777,0.01905884,0.97523195,0.0004046246,0.00118817,0.00001837912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007843857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004857164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007843857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00093726104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046850313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01559639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979798227","doi":"10.1002/adfm.201905229","title":"Bioinspired Graphene Oxide Membranes with Dual Transport Mechanisms for Precise Molecular Separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeance; Graphene; Facilitated diffusion; Oxide; Ethylene oxide; Gas separation; Ethylene; Selectivity; Molecule; Molecular dynamics; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Computational chemistry; Composite material; Copolymer","score_opus":0.00832331746324635,"score_gpt":0.22283992483895182,"score_spread":0.21451660737570546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979798227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98555183,0.0013810858,0.01053456,0.00022045047,0.000061180755,0.000019682066,0.000086271946,0.00018926643,0.0019556885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99045324,0.0006064634,0.007910838,0.000036437912,0.000008126801,0.000015872838,0.00006147324,0.0000132727055,0.0008942679],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999423,0.000008188619,0.0000031986092,0.000010402667,0.00001979116,0.00001612846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999559,0.000008452166,0.0000120068225,0.000007860124,0.000008688424,0.0000071050404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013568124,0.00028040045,0.00013349866,0.0001510657,0.00016944241,0.00021176923,0.00027032755,0.00046148972,0.00048388552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012117782,0.00013451529,0.00018872727,0.00010725666,0.00018847497,0.00040419798,0.0002228494,0.0003518749,0.00018625507],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013180068,0.0000136926255,0.000046011734,0.000039487015,0.000005289016,0.000029314217,0.000008470203,0.00034152262,0.9977549,0.00057726837,0.00006276703,0.0011081247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009580037,0.00007031209,0.0002722409,0.0000036527365,0.0000061621217,0.00003957806,0.000010018712,0.0042676628,0.9928986,0.00015577966,0.002259292,0.0000070404985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029411638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077218015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00048388552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035111344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013587222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025475621},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980648088","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.115212","title":"Membrane ageing in full-scale water treatment plants","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.050428950054523,"score_gpt":0.32232556777297583,"score_spread":0.27189661771845286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980648088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969881,0.00049892487,0.0017802393,0.000030784206,0.000011177193,0.000028245833,0.00017372066,0.000046965695,0.00044175025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963408,0.0003098415,0.0019460466,0.00004434384,0.000009015943,0.000040040468,0.00031570287,0.0000186682,0.00097546034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943084,0.00006242788,0.000040480085,0.00018216726,0.00022330308,0.000060762883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992741,0.0001282409,0.0001897622,0.000070494956,0.00027933274,0.000058056732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006962655,0.00020585662,0.00037358367,0.0002675221,0.00053344516,0.0004196209,0.00031253087,0.00053730916,0.0010251006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011357762,0.0001259154,0.0003962638,0.00037939253,0.00024121116,0.0007500956,0.0004493664,0.00045900675,0.00029245936],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032711227,0.00009135593,0.015913168,0.00024027431,0.000029868806,0.0003220424,0.0004876732,0.0010253567,0.9630265,0.00006889386,0.00022638902,0.018241484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025591058,0.003356434,0.328335,0.0000428828,0.0001359028,0.0010497554,0.0010764374,0.005193126,0.65024066,0.0003476584,0.010117132,0.00007948744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019424916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001729905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019424916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069245853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023139964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005024135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980869721","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.068","title":"Tannic acid modified MoS2 nanosheet membranes with superior water flux and ion/dye rejection","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Nanosheet; Tannic acid; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Exfoliation joint; Desalination; Flux (metallurgy); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006617909362984125,"score_gpt":0.2221773413794426,"score_spread":0.21555943201645847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980869721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963218,0.00066288834,0.0019737415,0.00006265638,0.00004038754,0.0000097565935,0.00010922142,0.00007654537,0.00074305775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929785,0.0005782672,0.0030113664,0.00007349143,0.000016207514,0.000011189206,0.00019007134,0.000018356377,0.0031224063],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998795,0.000011056171,0.00001454815,0.000026358575,0.000038413324,0.000030214349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998956,0.000011473913,0.000026268108,0.000011327743,0.000038046222,0.00001734225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016087145,0.00046694846,0.00028178573,0.00023582418,0.0001971822,0.00034529055,0.0002580273,0.0006725278,0.00069912826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017284114,0.0001725064,0.00036094827,0.0002756878,0.00012989512,0.000531282,0.00023385447,0.00039214868,0.00030143373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031647298,0.000006192161,0.000041766227,0.000025216921,0.0000036231747,0.000026748541,0.000005498547,0.000029263385,0.99927,0.000028582528,0.000024950174,0.0005065635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038990615,0.000060834216,0.00074144755,0.0000017727883,0.000010236846,0.000053021748,0.0000089491095,0.00040556665,0.9981185,0.000011188522,0.000580681,0.000003925866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092588406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023757818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00092588406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002463256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022718283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023388267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982113574","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125232","title":"Molecular insights into the impacts of iron(III) ions on membrane fouling by alginate","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Elongation; Ion; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Size-exclusion chromatography; Molecular dynamics; Surface charge; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Materials science; Computational chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00476020004241484,"score_gpt":0.21841709389542424,"score_spread":0.2136568938530094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982113574","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99226534,0.0009868747,0.0043767705,0.0004479943,0.000028433617,0.0000079964475,0.00007030539,0.000028276532,0.0017879852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99589443,0.00065029395,0.0017899523,0.000085184976,0.000005822019,0.0000037838993,0.000056640965,0.000005250835,0.00150875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999496,0.0000061814103,0.000002386389,0.0000051502025,0.000017427197,0.000019259965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999639,0.000011032278,0.000007760031,0.0000032765631,0.0000065164973,0.000007450837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001355368,0.00017994065,0.00010376957,0.00007114901,0.00011224063,0.0002676915,0.00015927159,0.00028191874,0.000778221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009938778,0.00007607687,0.00021960364,0.00005148442,0.00018670277,0.00020695794,0.00011325802,0.0004444255,0.00018370521],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053175594,0.000013162235,0.00009770402,0.000026428545,0.0000034007865,0.000026652722,0.0000131390325,0.000112496105,0.99811196,0.00046178768,0.00002945948,0.0010506485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000075826247,0.000064678294,0.0009569416,0.0000032616322,0.000009051151,0.000042700518,0.000025139952,0.001267546,0.99632263,0.0001424058,0.0011541973,0.0000037824193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014064139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014712106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014064139,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035311157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021243539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027964711},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985273026","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134951","title":"Bio-inspired anchoring of amino-functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) onto PES membrane using polydopamine for oily wastewater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Wetting; Biofouling; Surface modification; Filtration (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.023016582104400524,"score_gpt":0.23615014363973377,"score_spread":0.21313356153533325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985273026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99466264,0.0005775474,0.0034782116,0.00006206241,0.000040592833,0.000009845008,0.000046947353,0.000040506708,0.0010815788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961767,0.00038715533,0.001988994,0.000022556387,0.0000076133942,0.000008601097,0.00003177777,0.000008466086,0.0013679876],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993074,0.0000067531073,0.000004985849,0.000019392322,0.00002047017,0.00001757999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994147,0.000010044922,0.000021040156,0.0000058260316,0.000012348114,0.000009173925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000085704785,0.00027449496,0.00014428132,0.000114281596,0.00014045293,0.00019350134,0.00018638671,0.00042952385,0.00043493722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013481332,0.00014351595,0.000225423,0.00010157616,0.000133971,0.00027842383,0.00022932758,0.00028401142,0.00020513515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000180508,0.0000069094463,0.000029510473,0.000019622792,0.0000023810076,0.000025528008,0.000008821435,0.000076728815,0.99906474,0.000048230948,0.000014465159,0.0006849593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021688566,0.00003730374,0.00035728133,0.0000018445471,0.000004157377,0.000021028485,0.000009940195,0.00088498724,0.9982039,0.000014220718,0.0004601609,0.0000029893733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038305344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077201944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00043493722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019281932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000099385594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001455009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985864624","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135540","title":"Filtration behaviors and fouling mechanisms of ultrafiltration process with polyacrylamide flocculation for water treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Flocculation; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Polyacrylamide; Water treatment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Process (computing); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008471935173613982,"score_gpt":0.21802541812734297,"score_spread":0.209553482953729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985864624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986358,0.0004625591,0.00063069415,0.00001857882,0.000011608391,0.0000045179736,0.00003214182,0.000014956887,0.00018900383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986835,0.00029705907,0.00046763083,0.000012817643,0.0000049915166,0.0000051281645,0.000051312054,0.00000462261,0.00047284563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.000016959708,0.000010516894,0.00002261065,0.00004094095,0.000041908563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987555,0.000028021464,0.000034433906,0.0000050872522,0.00003941742,0.000017453915],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021682131,0.00031671036,0.00022230059,0.00030831457,0.00030122945,0.00029034377,0.00017374796,0.00031884472,0.0003879172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032899866,0.00014552499,0.00042343466,0.00020821199,0.00016751836,0.00040685612,0.00012088514,0.0003230636,0.00011239722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021416543,0.000050659746,0.0008291568,0.000054895067,0.00001347069,0.00004439492,0.000065265514,0.00034424785,0.99515015,0.000059133898,0.00005195111,0.0031225886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054155744,0.00031688792,0.0070805466,0.00000599971,0.000028600642,0.00005555351,0.000046121535,0.0019176265,0.9901333,0.000022820606,0.0003725902,0.000014658311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020388172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019617903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020388172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032342324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021797836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040539503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985965608","doi":"10.1089/ees.2019.0209","title":"Biofouling of an Aerated Membrane Reactor: Four Distinct Microbial Communities","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; Queen's University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Biofouling; Membrane; Biofilm; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Microbial population biology; Fouling; Aeration; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Compartment (ship); Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00878088743762921,"score_gpt":0.19614827611412897,"score_spread":0.18736738867649977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985965608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987531,0.00015671254,0.0008335289,0.00002075141,0.0000045516686,0.000016126356,0.000086880966,0.000012686242,0.00011565798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99142987,0.00032338436,0.0071886904,0.00003676804,0.000008240302,0.000042911528,0.00045650234,0.000010639566,0.00050304196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996551,0.000036441208,0.00003650626,0.000103777,0.00011234097,0.00005578369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998709,0.000026825675,0.00002511222,0.000009403272,0.000038673566,0.000029047518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026563648,0.00046415548,0.0005278,0.00040914834,0.00037100856,0.0008968641,0.00033874298,0.0006204084,0.0002208267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030205943,0.0001876714,0.0005690584,0.00029177868,0.00029631116,0.00049685675,0.00051691115,0.0004607875,0.00009466063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015747584,0.00007394539,0.0028965482,0.000034158184,0.000013592346,0.000047964204,0.00008047505,0.00018007868,0.9945176,0.000028206974,0.000008449359,0.0019614536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041964806,0.0010051389,0.056902044,0.000029527278,0.000112309004,0.00044073796,0.00041895048,0.008596868,0.9314404,0.00016481343,0.00080358103,0.000043767235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020202594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011233414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020202594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027274477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031577662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004016936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2988354476","doi":"10.1039/c9ra06745k","title":"Efficiencies and mechanisms of the chemical cleaning of fouled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes during the microfiltration of alkali/surfactant/polymer flooding oilfield wastewater","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Cleaning agent; Reagent; Pulmonary surfactant; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Chemistry; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Fouling; Biofouling; Polymer; Alkali metal; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005542931619102685,"score_gpt":0.2034444102090586,"score_spread":0.1979014785899559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2988354476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99087536,0.0024709883,0.0047408105,0.00007617283,0.000024145365,0.00003766789,0.0003081145,0.000062757696,0.0014041414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99476445,0.0013449633,0.002326273,0.000019006078,0.0000042497722,0.000028129585,0.00018055266,0.000009967171,0.0013224294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969065,0.00002924456,0.000033096705,0.00007263178,0.00011234571,0.00006194151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985886,0.000036389454,0.000039171384,0.00001065613,0.000046806243,0.000007983173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037552862,0.0002862716,0.00032046504,0.00040014353,0.00022816728,0.0003088279,0.00028281467,0.00050835416,0.00077469455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034971503,0.0001393036,0.00046802015,0.00026249498,0.00016991048,0.00043486588,0.00018982001,0.00037170583,0.00026100312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006651797,0.000015513993,0.00053659506,0.00012547661,0.000011255971,0.000050514223,0.00004078461,0.00019056996,0.99370813,0.00012893182,0.00005436581,0.005071246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010980779,0.000039322196,0.0016675405,0.000004462012,0.000008470868,0.00005421482,0.000021264506,0.00073656987,0.9969789,0.000023540222,0.00046068052,0.000004005417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011298218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015216467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011298218,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003260728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020788646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025915504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2988772143","doi":"10.3390/membranes9110153","title":"How Molecular Weight Cut-Offs and Physicochemical Properties of Polyether Sulfone Membranes Affect Peptide Migration and Selectivity during Electrodialysis with Filtration Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Electrodialysis; Peptide; Selectivity; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface charge; Context (archaeology); Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0057532206786849865,"score_gpt":0.187002079200872,"score_spread":0.18124885852218703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2988772143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99598855,0.0005697035,0.0027040704,0.000062212035,0.000022285158,0.000023228633,0.00012908137,0.0000371524,0.0004636014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99503785,0.00072519435,0.0031598085,0.000058672576,0.0000064623073,0.000049981652,0.00018644042,0.000030589556,0.00074502354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996972,0.000045112418,0.000028197426,0.00007268013,0.00007560386,0.00008117332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996836,0.00011851851,0.00009550251,0.000017792354,0.00005562357,0.000029004352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004081458,0.00039398286,0.00018694042,0.00013073775,0.00012745011,0.00056431233,0.00019791623,0.0004059894,0.00059876294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007701548,0.00020888768,0.0001857875,0.00015997003,0.00023765431,0.00065865123,0.00019441084,0.0005615537,0.00021662976],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045904144,0.000008684511,0.00015695377,0.000023544962,0.000003273544,0.000013339543,0.000014953947,0.00004458846,0.9990177,0.000021145055,0.0000148133695,0.0006352131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035943244,0.00006971193,0.0020599274,0.0000042021916,0.00000934918,0.000030735166,0.000026995123,0.0005362287,0.99676406,0.000017735165,0.00047182344,0.0000055822566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002843189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029326713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00059876294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020667397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015067369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002158463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989589778","doi":"10.1002/bit.27240","title":"Development of isoporous microslit silicon nitride membranes for sterile filtration applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Materials science; Silicon nitride; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Silicon; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Permeation; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009502017825553792,"score_gpt":0.21634116354096736,"score_spread":0.20683914571541356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989589778","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8961554,0.0035899286,0.09313947,0.0002798295,0.00011227888,0.00022562666,0.00033132112,0.0004571767,0.005709014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8508631,0.0029830183,0.14202921,0.00011173444,0.00002600728,0.00012532868,0.0005005986,0.00003916174,0.0033218395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998398,0.000015970862,0.000012904127,0.000031771397,0.00007999433,0.000019561978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985707,0.000022461269,0.000050666993,0.000012151615,0.00003837479,0.000019203824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032558478,0.0003037937,0.00014668338,0.00021778829,0.00013729741,0.00023755102,0.0002797585,0.000397479,0.00035371483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002433913,0.00014975198,0.00031331877,0.00012743566,0.00018191697,0.00040357714,0.00020707615,0.00033879786,0.00025425287],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052760133,0.0000069318635,0.00008155646,0.000034591987,0.0000027997003,0.000021417922,0.000010156795,0.000102709106,0.9974572,0.00010198439,0.00002291232,0.0021524052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024433352,0.00009895665,0.00083248876,0.0000037460954,0.000004958371,0.00011457954,0.000014106587,0.00076836674,0.99510574,0.000036796373,0.0030122478,0.000005419949],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039656158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010440128,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000397479,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031445775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043387193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022815466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989943796","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135365","title":"Graphene-based electro-conductive anti-fouling membranes for the treatment of oil sands produced water","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Stillborn and Neonatal Death Charity","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Anode; Polyaniline; Oxide; Graphene; Composite material; Electrode; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.013118092662430315,"score_gpt":0.22244943309903967,"score_spread":0.20933134043660936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989943796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812811,0.004651548,0.008813632,0.00028529257,0.00022974942,0.00003180246,0.00016123384,0.00017987141,0.004365705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920501,0.0013559074,0.0037693956,0.00006395499,0.000016018555,0.000007836388,0.000063251624,0.00000924861,0.0026643227],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998994,0.00001374592,0.000004497245,0.0000114248,0.000048418413,0.000022453094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995947,0.000007952912,0.0000069445555,0.000004194056,0.000012371876,0.00000910116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010257022,0.0002853231,0.00013410648,0.00044752183,0.00024266812,0.00029853167,0.0002996775,0.00054044696,0.0006915109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015208712,0.0001376285,0.00029700153,0.00020013632,0.00016854506,0.0003260156,0.0002845136,0.00042570883,0.00021410546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006669496,0.00003321147,0.00009567937,0.00010656727,0.000017588303,0.00009058826,0.000027753165,0.00050319685,0.99142075,0.00029601765,0.0001998483,0.0071421945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060539555,0.000109320164,0.0007780182,0.0000071064687,0.00001983969,0.000055514472,0.000035033714,0.0028079476,0.9936237,0.0000958542,0.0024521514,0.000009612063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010407864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036219212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99895924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022819925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001750622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023133159},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990961714","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23688","title":"Coupling membrane filtration and wet air oxidation for advanced wastewater treatment: Performance at the pilot scale and process intensification potential","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Effluent; Wet oxidation; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Turbidity; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0072074563000210454,"score_gpt":0.19004680447703362,"score_spread":0.18283934817701258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990961714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971571,0.0003276356,0.0022001753,0.000018758765,0.000010331534,0.000019744695,0.00002474127,0.000030921045,0.00021067396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99646795,0.0002969274,0.0026329402,0.000011223988,0.0000067141054,0.000015735766,0.00005078681,0.000008807422,0.0005088241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997179,0.000055028515,0.00001983728,0.00005096892,0.00010160538,0.000054669727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998753,0.000032802644,0.000034720317,0.000014182055,0.00002506816,0.000017993794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000382511,0.00045230507,0.0005221019,0.00023006779,0.00020951619,0.00053090026,0.00029414246,0.00057315454,0.0005534447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030158204,0.00018836932,0.0005973374,0.00027207832,0.00029112902,0.00036129975,0.00035682094,0.0005244794,0.00017116484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006628474,0.00005047493,0.00015454109,0.000040010567,0.000010655202,0.000016921516,0.0000123973905,0.00012785531,0.9981846,0.00001749016,0.0000072030593,0.0013114776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011289532,0.00053070247,0.001494627,0.0000023495734,0.000022995157,0.000044224635,0.000012775148,0.0006456767,0.9968725,0.000011226755,0.00034682365,0.000004785014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016137956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014106359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016137956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031450874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024493053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003208816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991420682","doi":"10.3390/e21121158","title":"Temperature Effects and Entropy Generation of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Thermodynamics; Power density; Volumetric flow rate; Entropy (arrow of time); Mechanics; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Work (physics); Chemistry; Power (physics); Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Physics","score_opus":0.006037085537124614,"score_gpt":0.2183534925759989,"score_spread":0.21231640703887428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991420682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97908795,0.000506654,0.018262345,0.0000755849,0.000017813245,0.000021150663,0.00006213757,0.000056856225,0.0019094326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810565,0.00026817073,0.0012338177,0.000004599353,0.0000021771123,0.000008754831,0.000024999821,0.0000039076435,0.0003479565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999006,0.000018754454,0.0000068832105,0.00001589158,0.000042482432,0.000015362686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986315,0.000073565134,0.000028612423,0.0000070194765,0.000022931365,0.0000047965686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022128534,0.00021967715,0.0003010839,0.00020379933,0.00017977807,0.00031801985,0.0001994043,0.00026940208,0.0004096694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005048754,0.00012855094,0.0004207998,0.00016504813,0.0002542061,0.0005352313,0.00020174704,0.00022404884,0.00008917484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042091744,0.00013338073,0.0040578893,0.00033087406,0.000037192778,0.00041007783,0.00009729711,0.33352876,0.6430985,0.0034549837,0.00014171614,0.014288479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022450886,0.00030163093,0.0027049114,0.000008947616,0.000022040995,0.00007741106,0.000020103551,0.6495786,0.34600535,0.0006816001,0.0005577553,0.000019239536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072886754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004079395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00072886754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027443792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023078799,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019911528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991473889","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2019.114231","title":"CFD-based genetic programming model for liquid entry pressure estimation of hydrophobic membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Wetting; Laplace's equation; Genetic programming; Mechanics; Work (physics); Membrane; Membrane distillation; RADIUS; Process (computing); Simulation; Materials science; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material; Artificial intelligence; Desalination; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01181895690933798,"score_gpt":0.24961571071046004,"score_spread":0.23779675380112206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991473889","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09884784,0.00039388175,0.8890874,0.00040564823,0.00009394958,0.00009863849,0.00021455639,0.00047448673,0.0103836395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91664743,0.00020185375,0.0762017,0.00011193967,0.000032074648,0.00026906352,0.00020743629,0.000078059486,0.0062504373],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998568,0.000041140927,0.0000054785714,0.0000344395,0.00003447713,0.000027679092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994629,0.00036783717,0.00003305545,0.000010275758,0.00010402465,0.0000220344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041910922,0.00056712,0.00085438625,0.0004612621,0.0004978741,0.00074022374,0.00088518055,0.0013371762,0.002325759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011169901,0.0004679849,0.00077407504,0.00043940186,0.00045743847,0.00037134418,0.0005860606,0.0010111063,0.00023127237],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000893773,0.000009758939,0.00012515005,0.000007795003,0.0000042683605,0.000012226604,0.000005808232,0.99683315,0.00022353577,0.00042550504,0.000065022716,0.0022788919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017148103,0.000002876473,0.000020586389,9.3590825e-7,0.0000010523011,9.814026e-7,0.0000010734601,0.9997758,0.00007177241,0.00009071437,0.000031512995,8.1239324e-7],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03650298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015444297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03650298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009461047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015414371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07258105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992202617","doi":"","title":"Production, Characterization and Application of Monolithic Biocarbon for Water Desalination","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Desalination; Characterization (materials science); Environmental science; Water desalination; Engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009986642161915705,"score_gpt":0.28023242921534985,"score_spread":0.27024578705343416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992202617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852747,0.0020579759,0.008882659,0.00005787094,0.000038124566,0.00004221176,0.00034698483,0.00005042633,0.0032490052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869408,0.0013859278,0.007735844,0.000024881858,0.0000061475303,0.000018426867,0.00035298662,0.000021221495,0.0035138153],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999113,0.0000042107504,0.0000039763795,0.00002369285,0.0000439592,0.000012836462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999504,0.000007724065,0.000008382899,0.000005975512,0.000018109806,0.000009483309],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012890162,0.00015397367,0.00013153379,0.00017870087,0.00016353268,0.00027601706,0.00013781342,0.00021466268,0.00044205115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013944328,0.00008726143,0.00015024042,0.0002242754,0.00010590719,0.00019865,0.000115740084,0.00022672213,0.00017732549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048028605,0.000007347441,0.00007908787,0.000016478525,0.0000013723849,0.000022108421,0.000007903105,0.000076990946,0.9984706,0.000031774853,0.0000133398935,0.0012681005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013292259,0.000054889904,0.0020120407,0.0000030136,0.00000398733,0.00005563155,0.000014411566,0.0004021166,0.9958702,0.00001942672,0.0015605453,0.0000023296914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044720757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001096272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00044720757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021047045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013272719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015270114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992772899","doi":"10.15554/pcij52.6-05","title":"Gold Bar Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PCI Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Clarifier; Precast concrete; Wastewater; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Bar (unit); Engineering; Environmental engineering; Civil engineering; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.020666451054622996,"score_gpt":0.24595868229644796,"score_spread":0.22529223124182496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992772899","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32072368,0.0010030741,0.019670935,0.0034204952,0.0008647988,0.002262702,0.0075799664,0.013287641,0.6311868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.43444902,0.000459494,0.0171643,0.0022549592,0.00011821261,0.00037325438,0.005084552,0.0003410917,0.53975505],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871254,0.000045745055,0.00003732072,0.00036471192,0.0006049628,0.00023487734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964476,0.000021371527,0.00001548595,0.00003609985,0.00018048754,0.00010169809],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024000175,0.0006498174,0.00046539115,0.0010256417,0.0030466313,0.0011595374,0.0011108541,0.0012144032,0.08492994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043206313,0.00032612815,0.00053154334,0.000779804,0.00039759744,0.0005797446,0.0015434677,0.00083151396,0.03592606],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011021951,0.0011820251,0.017075004,0.0009013386,0.00006365591,0.002457745,0.0008518806,0.0028259512,0.33444235,0.009641209,0.23222178,0.39723483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033488858,0.0008798209,0.03661593,0.00015851061,0.00005818542,0.0013008503,0.0006385417,0.006433369,0.20201153,0.0020642553,0.7493699,0.00013411911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.051242065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07323052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08492994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003752448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0051633082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28411895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993285973","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101027","title":"Recovery of a hybrid and conventional membrane bioreactor following long-term starvation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Regina","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Starvation; Volatile suspended solids; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Biology; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006751518119608153,"score_gpt":0.21098689802539006,"score_spread":0.20423537990578192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2993285973","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99734783,0.00032423405,0.0017961729,0.000047915004,0.000032368607,0.0000076000033,0.00018132148,0.00005242532,0.00021005998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957123,0.0001512072,0.0019955698,0.000027222653,0.000007694423,0.000014027597,0.00031987674,0.000017981993,0.0017540818],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983644,0.000017398856,0.000015781643,0.000037412457,0.00004389387,0.000049093218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985504,0.000025075566,0.000017768205,0.000020693908,0.000045869027,0.000035501504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027493158,0.0002920921,0.00050158193,0.0002007927,0.0002511219,0.00052638276,0.0003880561,0.0004946183,0.00059282774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026854096,0.00011299019,0.00035695228,0.0002073482,0.00016023032,0.00039016918,0.00039425376,0.00031227266,0.0003187116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026936736,0.000029288267,0.00016461717,0.000016045966,0.0000059665235,0.000028002498,0.000010973248,0.00007963191,0.99832815,0.0000140437805,0.00002696132,0.0010270517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012902625,0.00025691633,0.002129163,0.000002937848,0.000018972234,0.000069983944,0.000031294607,0.001367082,0.9956416,0.00001758486,0.00044284985,0.000008647869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013463566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017988579,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013463566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003070397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028883576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026770234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994331305","doi":"10.2175/193864710798217098","title":"Addressing Reverse Osmosis Fouling Within Water Reclamation — A Side-By-Side Comparison of Low-Pressure Membrane Pretreatments","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane technology; Permeation; Osmosis; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.02115494970048331,"score_gpt":0.24660879566502172,"score_spread":0.2254538459645384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994331305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979893,0.00031704476,0.0013414077,0.000024096858,0.000010669691,0.000036476406,0.000047501297,0.000026301546,0.00020723352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945445,0.0005370777,0.00421268,0.00002345186,0.000009788878,0.00002980513,0.000106437634,0.000014490053,0.00052172825],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958307,0.00008946661,0.00003926087,0.000077014054,0.00013798151,0.00007330372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958116,0.00010113734,0.000111956404,0.000052080104,0.00011804288,0.000035531095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003499133,0.00041312783,0.0006415974,0.00024832453,0.0002582567,0.00046046276,0.0003369552,0.00054354896,0.00059729576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073150196,0.00016571803,0.0005554357,0.0002817841,0.00023897947,0.00047452917,0.00033352958,0.00052248244,0.00016321769],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018163686,0.00006641013,0.0003415361,0.00006754812,0.000011840969,0.00003308481,0.000021206872,0.0001308572,0.9962329,0.000009629237,0.00001023189,0.0028930365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012590407,0.001721457,0.006877208,0.000002800523,0.000038264723,0.00009623641,0.00003611799,0.0005119463,0.99027747,0.000008575805,0.00040917267,0.000008020653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013305538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016207102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013305538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031103424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033760312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026456118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995346612","doi":"10.1039/c9ra08945d","title":"PFOM fillers embedded PVDF/cellulose dual-layered membranes with hydrophobic–hydrophilic channels for desalination <i>via</i> direct contact membrane distillation process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Phase inversion; Permeation; Microporous material; Materials science; Wetting; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008846074100911355,"score_gpt":0.24509020036651244,"score_spread":0.2362441262656011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995346612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878215,0.0006055925,0.009074701,0.00006583943,0.00006158021,0.000023324337,0.00025074376,0.0002286109,0.001868048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912382,0.00031780655,0.006650464,0.000028620681,0.0000069579964,0.000020973992,0.00020762632,0.000038308604,0.001491152],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999033,0.00000817541,0.0000070588494,0.000027110222,0.000025480767,0.000028850645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999119,0.00002085477,0.000023952884,0.000008905735,0.000020016854,0.000014293851],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016027066,0.00042371813,0.00015281147,0.00016391203,0.00016499385,0.00025608527,0.00021090155,0.0006385217,0.0014886489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002027939,0.00014953082,0.0002657459,0.00013305005,0.00013850202,0.0004393847,0.0001948737,0.00036830723,0.0005529401],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025574756,0.0000065214854,0.000028322664,0.000024493487,0.0000014272483,0.000021604257,0.0000068795594,0.00003035621,0.9990338,0.000034233937,0.000028394117,0.0007583114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015587699,0.00002428167,0.00023289815,0.0000012708655,0.0000032015864,0.000027605363,0.0000043872906,0.00024303066,0.9990325,0.0000056298745,0.0004217778,0.0000018961301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005336921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009346941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014886489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018558533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013153981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049800277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995352469","doi":"10.1021/acsami.9b16875","title":"Fabrication of Highly Permeable and Thermally Stable Reverse Osmosis Thin Film Composite Polyamide Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Materials science; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Composite number; Interfacial polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Fabrication; Polymer; Composite material; Monomer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008733499745123458,"score_gpt":0.2123097919037898,"score_spread":0.20357629215866632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995352469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8887417,0.0038531406,0.102872536,0.00020523436,0.00016649385,0.0002154498,0.00046985014,0.0005601057,0.002915507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88346696,0.0035880785,0.10989249,0.00006524547,0.000043979202,0.00018629435,0.00036609863,0.00007814067,0.0023126344],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998585,0.0000142663,0.00001506997,0.00003662696,0.00004753783,0.000028066746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998729,0.000025554069,0.000041580923,0.000013613351,0.00003100511,0.000015301523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029723666,0.000497304,0.00030591947,0.00026728166,0.00019228415,0.0002453414,0.0003556118,0.00048979855,0.00039405745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027630277,0.00023797741,0.0004292328,0.00015196462,0.00017245575,0.00048841175,0.00021789047,0.00065569975,0.00030938635],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043241507,0.000003656099,0.000012438509,0.000027508488,0.0000020341067,0.000027775024,0.000005788213,0.000048045757,0.9991161,0.000039372313,0.0000102218555,0.0007026766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025041713,0.000036321286,0.00018277997,0.0000024239246,0.0000052340847,0.000080835605,0.0000046249615,0.00038957785,0.99848664,0.000014887488,0.0007906814,0.0000035016574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026487626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054374896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000497304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001957374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019342975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015719533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995515753","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2008.046","title":"Effects of hydrophobe contents of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes on flocs size and removal efficiency of NOM from waters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Icon; Computer science; Library science; World Wide Web; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015164687984612032,"score_gpt":0.25067819776593064,"score_spread":0.2355135097813186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995515753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997556,0.001082132,0.00012702441,0.000061237064,0.000025470794,0.000018316414,0.00012348444,0.000009683254,0.0009966001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962303,0.0010509344,0.00060984225,0.00007422101,0.000015642907,0.00002688658,0.00019606714,0.000012882681,0.0017831255],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997993,0.000053484524,0.00002468343,0.00002686425,0.00005856545,0.00003710857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995055,0.00021268066,0.00008606304,0.000020739531,0.000102112375,0.00007290241],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023998047,0.0002634703,0.00032282222,0.00024907812,0.00021826725,0.00038989945,0.00012452304,0.0002816329,0.0015521743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007670749,0.00018290087,0.00036633312,0.00015052246,0.0002265685,0.0004303599,0.0002696421,0.00038378336,0.00038162485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059662294,0.00013647544,0.000922481,0.00019858159,0.00004361468,0.0000615794,0.00007664549,0.00024424065,0.9916794,0.000022202034,0.00019738755,0.0058208425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030124053,0.0021978354,0.018715741,0.000028650098,0.00008605696,0.00008852348,0.00016098577,0.0007985674,0.9764981,0.00002995203,0.001344385,0.000020997675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014611065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015521743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022493521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018282679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051925182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995641536","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116451","title":"Development of underwater superoleophobic polyamide-imide (PAI) microfiltration membranes for oil/water emulsion separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Polyethylene glycol; Emulsion; Phase inversion; PEG ratio; Chromatography; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Fouling; Nanofiltration; Membrane technology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014043356177937132,"score_gpt":0.2640892938523857,"score_spread":0.2500459376744486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995641536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91678244,0.0022194448,0.07638499,0.00028408514,0.00007665965,0.00010498158,0.00013495065,0.00042454898,0.0035878317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9247984,0.0016644209,0.069299266,0.00008079692,0.000019934565,0.00007696472,0.00019531284,0.000040249153,0.0038246228],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989223,0.000008420854,0.000007812134,0.00001914558,0.000049899503,0.000022391392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991703,0.000012445156,0.00002524148,0.000007520289,0.00002426063,0.00001344875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002170859,0.00025284762,0.00016431983,0.00015423009,0.0001632893,0.00024771848,0.0002789204,0.00036696665,0.000405759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019494488,0.00015468812,0.00030502654,0.0001369325,0.00010571104,0.00049894804,0.00026497248,0.00047907364,0.00024072203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008743474,0.000015842505,0.00009481186,0.000033166598,0.0000029563944,0.000029613282,0.000011219115,0.00009923914,0.99599934,0.00016886911,0.000031142194,0.0035050227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029036878,0.00005277731,0.00047912452,0.0000022280253,0.0000040318405,0.00006015012,0.000007705914,0.0012976334,0.9965879,0.000026737745,0.0014754704,0.0000034354002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043363334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008794675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00043363334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025621447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021349349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018589497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996920231","doi":"10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109889","title":"Asymmetric Al2O3 and PES/Al2O3 hollow fiber membranes for green tea extract clarification","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Food Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Camellia sinensis; Filtration (mathematics); Turbidity; Chemical engineering; Fiber; Materials science; Green tea extract; Phase inversion; Coating; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Green tea; Botany; Food science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010671621511177178,"score_gpt":0.21235849035055163,"score_spread":0.20168686883937445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996920231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888143,0.0013975787,0.007222758,0.00018860774,0.00008013635,0.000029082337,0.00013888639,0.00011291405,0.002015726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947807,0.00036625363,0.0027759138,0.00005740927,0.000012663653,0.000016982824,0.000059803147,0.0000115008115,0.001918643],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980146,0.000021656519,0.000018450104,0.00004127702,0.00006979398,0.00004727557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999249,0.000015310554,0.00001780074,0.00000738411,0.000023827382,0.000010810758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024396912,0.00026588023,0.0002747107,0.00022177199,0.0003141641,0.00031666446,0.0003280706,0.00058318785,0.00087688526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017456466,0.00017093845,0.00038414352,0.00017761147,0.00019629454,0.0006557188,0.00032226747,0.0005113666,0.00032094598],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009714667,0.000013003548,0.00005338587,0.000051420713,0.0000061087044,0.000029161405,0.000011854089,0.0001035786,0.9977107,0.0000961637,0.000041308995,0.0017861967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070916503,0.000035442936,0.00046716377,0.00000206516,0.000009952771,0.00003334198,0.000017447746,0.0013300587,0.9972826,0.00003316926,0.00077674544,0.0000047925555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009282274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022354522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009282274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032055945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027890684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029334426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998117138","doi":"10.1002/9781119300762.wsts0029","title":"Polymer–Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Separations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Polymer; Materials science; Polymer nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.0080225246499195,"score_gpt":0.23356756785614496,"score_spread":0.22554504320622545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998117138","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1469359,0.26673293,0.25802246,0.005958351,0.0035454766,0.0005728929,0.0022347514,0.005594404,0.3104029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5654013,0.14647062,0.110683784,0.001388298,0.00059913506,0.0003591168,0.0018010153,0.00070592127,0.17259087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997634,0.000027580283,0.000010058336,0.000040378873,0.00013608791,0.000022512602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999163,0.000023592002,0.000013380426,0.000007267433,0.000031775733,0.000007660713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034214955,0.0005555048,0.00023604736,0.0009445952,0.00027988123,0.0007955494,0.0004230655,0.00058894383,0.0074064764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033992683,0.0001848309,0.00027842727,0.00059480127,0.00016824687,0.0010567211,0.0006290906,0.00082111434,0.0049621155],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109622786,0.00024841135,0.00021431089,0.0015401231,0.000039901566,0.00029196218,0.000041555097,0.0016983098,0.76804405,0.014010416,0.013653494,0.20010777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020805037,0.00012962204,0.00035867732,0.00012911251,0.000024155082,0.0003568346,0.000031472002,0.0074322857,0.723811,0.0030342438,0.2646487,0.000023125649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003933959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008311598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0074064764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057944545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027678208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024777114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998375421","doi":"10.3390/w12010091","title":"Cu-BTC Metal−Organic Framework Modified Membranes for Landfill Leachate Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Leachate; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Metal-organic framework; Chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02005498640892131,"score_gpt":0.24346252323506198,"score_spread":0.22340753682614067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998375421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9697016,0.0076931124,0.019881304,0.00014194935,0.00010682199,0.00006868976,0.00026483086,0.00026078869,0.0018810141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98466927,0.002492728,0.010348499,0.00006250664,0.000018916879,0.000041738902,0.00016199371,0.000019964627,0.002184508],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999843,0.000016866265,0.000008209245,0.000030213967,0.00005963551,0.000042080403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999496,0.0000053383624,0.000012090235,0.0000031843033,0.000020829795,0.000008963877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015414173,0.00044577452,0.0003471745,0.00028468698,0.0002833723,0.00027392688,0.00022596422,0.0005352571,0.00045247175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015747244,0.0001280409,0.00036176262,0.00023921565,0.00013464669,0.00036299074,0.00020057915,0.0002887333,0.0001815503],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040156465,0.000011575191,0.0001027101,0.00012334819,0.000010900195,0.000044020635,0.000012516398,0.0002120769,0.9961236,0.00008398582,0.00005252857,0.0031825132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003303548,0.00005810038,0.000591282,0.0000041735834,0.000013631822,0.00007107991,0.000014109509,0.0008900555,0.9960373,0.000018962151,0.0022917483,0.000006201139],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024547544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004127897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024547544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005329837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003426103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048809648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999700637","doi":"10.3390/mi11010108","title":"Durability and Recoverability of Soft Lithographically Patterned Hydrogel Molds for the Formation of Phase Separation Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Mold; Fabrication; Self-healing hydrogels; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Porosity; Extraction (chemistry); Casting; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.019377874681126034,"score_gpt":0.281278883541998,"score_spread":0.261901008860872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999700637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9849101,0.0012449197,0.012132393,0.00008306469,0.00006885149,0.000034101842,0.00032459636,0.00019831564,0.0010037739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990148,0.00050723203,0.007411142,0.000024855199,0.000011047935,0.0000299616,0.00019459968,0.000048183014,0.001624939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999798,0.000014801009,0.000020011026,0.000043808002,0.00008120535,0.00004219376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996007,0.000104793406,0.0001495281,0.00006428058,0.00004900643,0.000031677493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025879455,0.00039012567,0.00016883618,0.00018546857,0.00011836103,0.00023993356,0.00021961077,0.00029894695,0.00074902805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054550276,0.00020132928,0.0002516456,0.000108658234,0.00018770756,0.0003165374,0.00020013613,0.0004343861,0.00032841138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000099893105,0.000004501328,0.000043752145,0.000018552519,0.0000016083691,0.000017605726,0.000010452058,0.00004441351,0.99902034,0.000020526995,0.0000120422055,0.0007961819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013700164,0.000022139158,0.00033889938,0.0000015742739,0.000002131555,0.000018070954,0.000003631043,0.00019268351,0.999223,0.000003993054,0.00019076094,0.0000017269797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003166865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072889356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00074902805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022824713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014399023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025057197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999922066","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23703","title":"A low pressure SWCNT‐ENM sandwich membrane system for the removal of PPCPs from water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Adsorption; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemistry; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Carbon nanotube; Chemical engineering; Portable water purification; Chromatography; Activated carbon; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009280203059788673,"score_gpt":0.17534621042105436,"score_spread":0.1660660073612657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999922066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98281133,0.0015685505,0.014222282,0.000120638375,0.000094733325,0.00006576745,0.00021257084,0.00018383686,0.00072031387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9781186,0.0008097445,0.019056441,0.000067911154,0.000019616808,0.00008693353,0.00020902554,0.00001451513,0.0016173106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999764,0.000029708608,0.000021169793,0.000066082684,0.000088693174,0.000030302763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999051,0.000016228409,0.000021871143,0.000010342208,0.00003335005,0.00001317056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030223397,0.0003906273,0.00041850875,0.00024265633,0.00025350417,0.00023191141,0.0004481637,0.0007826907,0.0004951181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002564535,0.0002184492,0.00038406265,0.00015145252,0.00011272813,0.0004203782,0.00027818396,0.00040929308,0.00035572794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018209606,0.000010019062,0.00004302724,0.000033866618,0.0000048723696,0.000020909516,0.0000044008284,0.000042039337,0.9990312,0.000013616738,0.000017831126,0.0007600035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005462489,0.00013810044,0.0007401722,0.00000397259,0.000011561596,0.00007654232,0.000011702456,0.0019518905,0.9964122,0.00000751943,0.0006334631,0.0000073935385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005526201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001090431,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007826907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025229424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019291276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018305182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3001339838","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11786","title":"Experimental Investigation of Spiral Wound Module Under Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Spiral (railway); Water pressure; Process (computing); Materials science; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Back pressure; Forward osmosis; Mechanical engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Petroleum engineering","score_opus":0.01892832626740395,"score_gpt":0.2530522429053624,"score_spread":0.23412391663795842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3001339838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99683243,0.00010440248,0.0026109896,0.0000125617535,0.0000100636635,0.00002230355,0.00008975089,0.0000614951,0.0002561055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954692,0.00015075033,0.003676452,0.000013034072,0.000006189298,0.000031340733,0.000082881175,0.000016699269,0.00055345224],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974483,0.000033430642,0.000016991793,0.00006249682,0.00009107693,0.000051149684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967027,0.000078354475,0.000065690765,0.000038309707,0.00011554846,0.000031802356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034042235,0.00039411904,0.0004432546,0.00019165705,0.00020108485,0.00022145566,0.0004128894,0.00051778,0.00087167416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004577922,0.00016733221,0.00030082135,0.0003158754,0.00022465271,0.00037156514,0.00024220257,0.00036878418,0.00027541432],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011115022,0.00003766712,0.00023984237,0.00006921809,0.0000044901744,0.000059294925,0.000043960703,0.00019184973,0.9979905,0.000026841339,0.000017035218,0.0012081143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008547047,0.0009847832,0.0014387281,0.0000037612335,0.000010193735,0.00005224688,0.000027336313,0.0010610651,0.99601316,0.000013831904,0.00038084327,0.000005485092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018129549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015749827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00087167416,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012745048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012866399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029160976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002231409","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00001-8","title":"Overview of membrane technology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Membrane technology; Porosity; Gas separation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.028961850138381658,"score_gpt":0.25495517299653303,"score_spread":0.22599332285815138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002231409","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012713432,0.31089148,0.018961564,0.0029584547,0.002825699,0.00013040486,0.0007408357,0.0007374504,0.66148275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005096721,0.26699793,0.011906498,0.0016261461,0.00087896176,0.00013576687,0.00097333634,0.00019387173,0.71219075],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996257,0.000025661979,0.000015833457,0.00005248536,0.00023947774,0.00004082254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993265,0.000016012915,0.0000045012216,0.00000829929,0.000028755432,0.000009749928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032910344,0.0011895524,0.00083215395,0.0021507149,0.0008280918,0.0025921909,0.0012403292,0.002042828,0.052608997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031680157,0.0006706627,0.0006901293,0.0034936853,0.00045735974,0.002880818,0.0016956524,0.0019073243,0.05687752],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004657258,0.00013625158,0.000098963705,0.0023662553,0.000017530047,0.00028022807,0.00018405115,0.0007985566,0.019269854,0.061545264,0.2051004,0.71015596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014071134,0.000011361161,0.000076536344,0.00015565721,0.0000025434379,0.00012379447,0.00001876332,0.000091644215,0.0009346114,0.004548931,0.9940301,0.000004616718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020847924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037761363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052608997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012311894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016310619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17599463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002462784","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00009-2","title":"Development of nanocomposite membranes by biomimicking nanomaterials","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biomimetics; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Nanomaterials; Engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01717941662251812,"score_gpt":0.22632275460216397,"score_spread":0.20914333797964585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002462784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3509895,0.09738291,0.23217781,0.0022491447,0.0021523226,0.00032609,0.00046920768,0.0019342446,0.31231877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.43627465,0.05441965,0.13261515,0.00068774825,0.00022494304,0.00021076678,0.00058886904,0.00046320897,0.37451494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999936,0.0000042914744,0.0000031988145,0.000014658173,0.000032478612,0.000009387558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999745,0.000008528085,0.0000040148475,0.0000025400752,0.0000069741814,0.0000033386525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013494733,0.00046235116,0.00021022517,0.00029546712,0.00020915453,0.0005619033,0.0003031407,0.00051947247,0.002230527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009648109,0.0003072661,0.00031666146,0.000200985,0.00014868741,0.0008450356,0.00029426898,0.0007565572,0.0011983904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019568944,0.000057158384,0.000048056005,0.00028709113,0.000008353518,0.00013744667,0.00005289302,0.0006699469,0.94658905,0.004968956,0.0012472318,0.045914274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033433193,0.00006646047,0.00022964804,0.00002716375,0.00000906716,0.00028347498,0.000015310605,0.0018365362,0.933313,0.0007894781,0.063419305,0.0000071816053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032053748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009894078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002230527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042030026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016998145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007461846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002852807","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00011-0","title":"Prospects of nanocomposite membranes for water treatment by osmotic-driven membrane processes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocomposite; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Chemical engineering; Osmosis; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.014493815382145822,"score_gpt":0.22614493114863565,"score_spread":0.21165111576648982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002852807","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04127847,0.3591917,0.06598063,0.0072449124,0.0030389547,0.00011781902,0.00051131006,0.0008459223,0.52179027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.110658646,0.19024524,0.039976522,0.0011366084,0.0008363527,0.00012135632,0.00070020976,0.00033475793,0.65599024],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992514,0.0000067878004,0.000003077152,0.00001357175,0.00003812449,0.000013249929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999529,0.00002032655,0.0000034256923,0.0000040153886,0.000012160779,0.000007088965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002791359,0.0004374824,0.00030479312,0.00050861225,0.00030827487,0.0015190569,0.00058051926,0.0011937188,0.011134759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014627205,0.00035028945,0.0003905698,0.00060610374,0.00027156677,0.0024905435,0.00052745227,0.0012284752,0.004417657],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017688524,0.0004820273,0.00014819985,0.0016741027,0.000023080327,0.0004112246,0.00018548217,0.0030923013,0.36698782,0.12003856,0.029280689,0.4774996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018853483,0.00018607968,0.000396671,0.00024334142,0.00001672494,0.000512581,0.00009060907,0.004356689,0.12865429,0.027193867,0.8382992,0.000031050924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055255234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015100769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011134759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061430794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034932818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.037249506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003638816","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115535","title":"Municipal wastewater treatment by purple phototropic bacteria at low infrared irradiances using a photo-anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Wastewater; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biomass (ecology); Effluent; Sewage treatment; Irradiance; Chemistry; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Ecology; Physics","score_opus":0.08456311544019081,"score_gpt":0.31624464291988513,"score_spread":0.23168152747969434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003638816","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973815,0.000307811,0.0016364463,0.00007928631,0.000013915305,0.000007724158,0.00003839626,0.000031150572,0.00050375727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99726653,0.00027523722,0.0014659243,0.000019109038,0.0000053267713,0.00000859815,0.00004001656,0.000006188504,0.0009132011],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998312,0.000025332876,0.000014595807,0.000029081539,0.000057471014,0.000042377233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993753,0.000012198156,0.000015584681,0.0000052971795,0.0000136483295,0.00001575797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000278224,0.0003942137,0.00041741246,0.00015300028,0.0003455155,0.0005800444,0.00029737529,0.00042407878,0.00042023073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016735072,0.00018861951,0.0003907044,0.0002144659,0.00016477406,0.00029946782,0.00033346628,0.00043558388,0.00020267154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008450551,0.000020888672,0.00013648275,0.000021393578,0.0000030049193,0.000016019536,0.000013538054,0.00010252987,0.99861324,0.000026675089,0.000013992758,0.0009476931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020113735,0.00022188044,0.0017868964,0.0000049402074,0.000020318828,0.00004459934,0.00005077356,0.0013407297,0.9959934,0.000023172877,0.00048726285,0.0000060467823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004765723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041139927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004765723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053446257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061091833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009475946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004435292","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23725","title":"Fabrication and characterization of polyvinyl chloride mixed matrix membranes containing high aspect ratio anatase titania and hydrous manganese oxide nanoparticle for efficient removal of heavy metal ions: Competitive removal study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinyl chloride; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Anatase; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chloride; Inorganic chemistry; Metal; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Photocatalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009888775420423919,"score_gpt":0.20764671197297724,"score_spread":0.19775793655255333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004435292","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874293,0.0014282698,0.01011833,0.00008190721,0.000027511252,0.000043954762,0.0001876447,0.00006477077,0.00061828725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844535,0.00094914966,0.01306814,0.00003317453,0.00000641084,0.000044700126,0.00013982311,0.000016199923,0.0012889232],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998965,0.000011642847,0.000009425322,0.000020023805,0.000047404414,0.000014928356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998932,0.000021097509,0.00003180556,0.000008234867,0.00003605183,0.00000960601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022932452,0.0002183984,0.00019672305,0.00017932626,0.00013348732,0.00020331975,0.00018690745,0.00044070225,0.00024852017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021461991,0.00014717331,0.0003136867,0.00013907239,0.00010990738,0.0002411045,0.00012574933,0.0002213938,0.000173177],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004964364,0.0000029718415,0.00005870841,0.000021921314,0.000001970936,0.000020634963,0.0000064508254,0.000030417059,0.9995167,0.000011175702,0.000005233477,0.00031874026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025816448,0.000055814096,0.0014419163,0.0000027847577,0.000008163934,0.0001167842,0.00001946509,0.0009333082,0.9967435,0.000010923301,0.0006610454,0.0000037568118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007347829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014365127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007347829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021812222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014796821,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015826225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004518518","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106381","title":"Membranes based on non-synthetic (natural) polymers for wastewater treatment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polymer; Biocompatibility; Environmentally friendly; Hazardous waste; Wastewater; Biopolymer; Biocompatible material; Cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Chemistry; Biomedical engineering","score_opus":0.03448456352582496,"score_gpt":0.24556435116151326,"score_spread":0.2110797876356883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004518518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9355022,0.011608307,0.04332715,0.0005810612,0.00018578154,0.00012468667,0.0003261866,0.00018628362,0.008158275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96839476,0.00575202,0.020517208,0.00012202166,0.000025470707,0.000054860906,0.00021973428,0.000026438807,0.0048875273],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957496,0.00009589742,0.000017192147,0.00005246878,0.00021267051,0.00004686235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978095,0.0000881396,0.000033171807,0.000018377428,0.000060357346,0.000019043844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065151625,0.00032533688,0.00024755223,0.0003941074,0.0003099798,0.0005038259,0.00028022513,0.0006971336,0.0009309589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061120547,0.00014601467,0.00030036655,0.00028829678,0.0003385057,0.0009397267,0.00037201884,0.00060733716,0.00041484216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059344624,0.000036695685,0.00022508971,0.00024590275,0.00000724026,0.00004264693,0.00002336146,0.00015213841,0.9908867,0.0005933591,0.00008920857,0.0076383944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020050961,0.00006476825,0.0003263874,0.000010328564,0.000005202372,0.000062893465,0.00001678091,0.000463668,0.9970511,0.000098576944,0.0018952505,0.0000029351131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030498323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006712151,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009309589,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040296203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034085492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034456253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005015458","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34284-5_13","title":"Biofouling in RO Desalination Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Desalination; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026012700197087173,"score_gpt":0.23600623651315483,"score_spread":0.20999353631606765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005015458","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0061293626,0.1464771,0.04455213,0.0021674274,0.0034292326,0.00011853297,0.0003712231,0.0005605024,0.7961945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01084872,0.05702602,0.01173536,0.00068108033,0.00040862753,0.000056078017,0.00023764625,0.0002241004,0.91878235],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984837,0.000014312571,0.000005151749,0.00002462593,0.000094440366,0.000013136008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999491,0.00002578629,0.0000027709473,0.0000067594233,0.000012579657,0.0000029551256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001853952,0.0007183645,0.00048185105,0.00078801956,0.000692515,0.001694885,0.0007541426,0.00121645,0.024960909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018753475,0.0003587272,0.00048751823,0.0011444511,0.0004939943,0.0025951576,0.0007433298,0.0012585788,0.013457826],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005188733,0.0001405323,0.000074698095,0.0015595695,0.000012101679,0.00035462156,0.0004808111,0.0027545318,0.05494624,0.21065633,0.095223196,0.63374543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023914586,0.000027854776,0.00011909818,0.0002369115,0.0000052808814,0.0002897777,0.00007178537,0.0008774232,0.01447384,0.020721637,0.9631631,0.000011024812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011747142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025575687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024960909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010212385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045411263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08350253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006379418","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117956","title":"Incorporation of oleic acid-modified Ag@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles into thin film composite membranes for enhanced antifouling and antibacterial properties","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program; National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Zeta potential; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Polyamide; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Composite material; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.03656146031498063,"score_gpt":0.2625161194546488,"score_spread":0.22595465913966817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3006379418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923767,0.00063896994,0.0057889833,0.000049449023,0.000039941224,0.000014528408,0.000090282825,0.00009719412,0.00090384873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952009,0.0002722185,0.003351595,0.00002378548,0.000006279834,0.000012339144,0.00006303695,0.000011860907,0.0010579589],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999244,0.0000054178063,0.000006351987,0.000019514608,0.000020280506,0.000024060282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999454,0.000008776616,0.000014770165,0.000004151798,0.000016488879,0.000010416002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091998096,0.0003006347,0.00018808253,0.00015244848,0.00011383816,0.00019757121,0.00022255593,0.00036386642,0.000558357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014382749,0.00016528217,0.000296626,0.00009966443,0.00010823725,0.00026427337,0.0001483116,0.00030935745,0.00016278995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024590581,0.0000062498243,0.0000217805,0.0000133656895,0.0000018760867,0.000010133038,0.0000029373546,0.00004239853,0.99928004,0.000018827282,0.000008929762,0.0005689708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003680813,0.000045806475,0.00039605921,0.0000012619788,0.0000063583466,0.000015509842,0.000004214085,0.00082829915,0.99846673,0.000009190057,0.00022040012,0.0000025566492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076540024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013603735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00076540024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002017486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013087096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018678308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007011561","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114699","title":"Energetic and economic feasibility of a combined membrane-based process for sustainable water and energy systems","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Environmental engineering; Process (computing); Pressure-retarded osmosis; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013837991092357404,"score_gpt":0.21883893508569585,"score_spread":0.20500094399333846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007011561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833392,0.0015788022,0.007381953,0.00040112998,0.000099040604,0.000027491595,0.0001386397,0.00002411845,0.0070095416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944576,0.00044071773,0.002952242,0.000021173099,0.000015920683,0.000021518015,0.000079457786,0.000006835037,0.0020046525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997403,0.000042151827,0.000008302958,0.000035078214,0.00013792506,0.000036233265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990594,0.000035223897,0.0000075122057,0.000008938167,0.000027654542,0.000014671901],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045378009,0.00026128147,0.00029983209,0.0005021031,0.00057755696,0.0009961203,0.00039774246,0.0011105863,0.0029415428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004780527,0.00020161878,0.0005531162,0.00032174774,0.00039969903,0.001098007,0.0006790157,0.0010124722,0.0005423907],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014055362,0.00031400207,0.00072650873,0.00024338339,0.000042970572,0.00016903154,0.00002499634,0.0075613507,0.96970636,0.0066476394,0.00023227592,0.012925946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000106029176,0.0010011222,0.0016016909,0.000022586715,0.000059541053,0.000112182395,0.00006472125,0.039208557,0.95141816,0.0020512352,0.0043337103,0.00002042853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007455266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014149466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029415428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064433285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064962363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009840488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007608841","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aax5253","title":"Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Shandong University; China Scholarship Council; Yale University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Desalination; Capillary action; Evaporation; Environmental science; Water desalination; Mangrove; Nanopore; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Ecology; Chemistry; Membrane; Biology; Meteorology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01413875724024283,"score_gpt":0.26283789593029233,"score_spread":0.2486991386900495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007608841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936395,0.00037887678,0.004557965,0.000058700858,0.000015661455,0.00001860179,0.00015856762,0.00006105892,0.0011110894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945533,0.0002866328,0.004125205,0.00002172972,0.0000034679856,0.000014787816,0.000095058436,0.000011008588,0.0008888557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994063,0.0000069763396,0.000003930341,0.000019536858,0.000018458588,0.000010411215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999434,0.000013313897,0.000017259443,0.0000050467775,0.000008849763,0.0000121097655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009971243,0.0001648718,0.00009315162,0.000069527734,0.00012086083,0.00016381031,0.00012197472,0.0001604237,0.0003465591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001075225,0.000058478952,0.00010493249,0.0000653816,0.00017634954,0.00018622541,0.00014510058,0.00023083971,0.00011438746],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006588932,0.0000036541387,0.00006690533,0.000028541537,0.0000016756978,0.00002016794,0.0000104570045,0.0001163698,0.99925965,0.00006207692,0.000010304843,0.00041361747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030329375,0.00006356522,0.00104038,0.0000030281024,0.000003355021,0.000044348555,0.000015713284,0.0014133676,0.9960401,0.00002514052,0.0013437168,0.0000042828747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008380785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016787499,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008380785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020892751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013834548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016664267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008016268","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-819594-9.00012-7","title":"Removal of organic micro-pollutants by membrane filtration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Permeation; Microfiltration; Membrane technology; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Ionic strength; Cross-flow filtration; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012457373722371804,"score_gpt":0.21532717366442902,"score_spread":0.20286979994205723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008016268","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07406783,0.12467821,0.08392018,0.0018392731,0.002511549,0.00013853295,0.0009777133,0.0014540937,0.71041256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04075821,0.041623347,0.016466975,0.0004306816,0.00022529416,0.000037039543,0.0007765788,0.00022018104,0.89946175],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999331,0.0000018776459,0.0000023612126,0.000008433841,0.000044792712,0.000009297153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999827,0.0000049815267,0.000001804253,0.0000019266326,0.000006714189,0.0000018610627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007027846,0.0005888574,0.00038292125,0.00059805973,0.00026248422,0.00097111065,0.0004497862,0.0005630221,0.012716618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059267408,0.00023107907,0.0004145741,0.00078010873,0.000114563314,0.0007503966,0.00037526057,0.0005289468,0.014326718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050125254,0.00013160204,0.00017288934,0.0007373949,0.000015125959,0.0003066906,0.00009701357,0.0012046121,0.4289465,0.0061815935,0.019344443,0.542812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062059935,0.00011287866,0.001552422,0.00018017051,0.000021109041,0.00060494716,0.000059859707,0.0015751993,0.25741565,0.0041580363,0.73429424,0.000019287554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015720153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002505797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012716618,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040460526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002823841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.042541325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008209780","doi":"10.1520/stp162120180133","title":"Validation of Roofing Membrane Composition by NMR: Products of Ketone-Ethylene Ester and Polyvinyl Chloride","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinyl chloride; Ketone; Ethylene; Chloride; Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014883175318360326,"score_gpt":0.21641573694287639,"score_spread":0.20153256162451605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008209780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756059,0.0006922796,0.020386498,0.00005102328,0.00003410761,0.00013687757,0.00080994295,0.0001771069,0.0021061914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9617396,0.0018173509,0.03097018,0.00007826002,0.000017446642,0.00025660917,0.0016348518,0.0001412039,0.003344557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990736,0.00014637203,0.000080935526,0.00021380746,0.00035464828,0.00013046215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993579,0.00013035833,0.0001156969,0.000084469706,0.000270555,0.00004105582],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009025249,0.0006579897,0.00030927133,0.0004981003,0.0005138404,0.00049495033,0.00044053653,0.00074753165,0.0012946541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011677748,0.00020441509,0.00037900102,0.0005129857,0.00045158176,0.00065246416,0.00044083458,0.0007261504,0.0006956142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070181966,0.000027419987,0.00048059894,0.000042501197,0.000006233847,0.00006177044,0.00006563789,0.0001237021,0.9973483,0.00006398453,0.00001971696,0.0016900602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019171023,0.00009255315,0.0012001205,0.0000064236224,0.0000069340763,0.000039876297,0.000042815635,0.0003503216,0.9977119,0.000012125798,0.0005313667,0.0000037502189],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00145837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010790491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00145837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031671973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036871296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047730207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009242458","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89524","title":"Ultrasound for Membrane Fouling Control in Wastewater Treatment and Protein Purification Downstream Processing Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IntechOpen eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Permeation; Wastewater; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020734684074068435,"score_gpt":0.24406113585455805,"score_spread":0.2233264517804896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009242458","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.050773177,0.83006567,0.06560495,0.0024537812,0.0028016944,0.00026783525,0.0005375499,0.00087392115,0.046621375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21338214,0.64833343,0.059947383,0.0020013675,0.0011682606,0.00036528145,0.0010041492,0.00024577384,0.073552266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997234,0.000031786574,0.000018672326,0.000051429004,0.00013794363,0.000036824786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999887,0.000033466593,0.000021682901,0.0000043671967,0.000045685083,0.00000776603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025177543,0.00059699017,0.0005425939,0.0005918025,0.00041912097,0.00067586027,0.00043979724,0.0009985432,0.0041897455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027928548,0.00030657055,0.00048478163,0.00069726416,0.00029408163,0.000767661,0.0005026296,0.001504536,0.0020150852],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013587048,0.000118343996,0.00026753833,0.0075266906,0.00005280395,0.00046139184,0.00044257488,0.0018732414,0.70358396,0.00927649,0.016730243,0.25953078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000124689805,0.0006936824,0.0009994638,0.0007468789,0.00010123497,0.0013011397,0.000189718,0.0029354019,0.4519928,0.0025979262,0.5383445,0.00008482401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005332324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092373794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041897455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050248014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041805435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014016151},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010309818","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115693","title":"Recovery of dissolved methane from anaerobically treated food waste leachate using solvent-based membrane contactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Methane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Leachate; Anaerobic digestion; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Energy recovery; Biogas; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.11658729963736689,"score_gpt":0.32257962271203955,"score_spread":0.20599232307467266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010309818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997684,0.00023951434,0.0014748003,0.00004329199,0.00001667284,0.000008000762,0.000114192306,0.000036577676,0.00038297576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958431,0.00023325828,0.0013439368,0.000021585716,0.000006954846,0.000009185932,0.00015022488,0.00000943029,0.002382287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998481,0.000020629801,0.000012666466,0.00002703909,0.000059776285,0.000031717318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999936,0.000014610763,0.000010046247,0.0000061754927,0.000022070159,0.000011179174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017352612,0.00027465387,0.0003451033,0.00025328528,0.00029760983,0.00028983736,0.0002714319,0.00032362062,0.0008009368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021080223,0.00010789204,0.0002807803,0.00026212833,0.00013010178,0.00033045534,0.00030232532,0.0002793627,0.00022975827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002828524,0.000026589076,0.00036065467,0.000038481954,0.0000054821903,0.000032024072,0.00001901015,0.00011732993,0.99667656,0.000021839229,0.000033813132,0.002385319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006960711,0.00013281153,0.0010951211,0.0000022121842,0.000006274293,0.000024480309,0.000031401458,0.0008679706,0.99736184,0.000008071502,0.00045868507,0.0000040849804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024169865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040377956,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024169865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003095129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039522615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048058033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010553902","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115657","title":"Fouling propensity of novel TFC membranes with different osmotic and hydraulic pressure driving forces","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement, Generalitat de Catalunya; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Fouling; Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Membrane; Osmosis; Compaction; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.08471953646179967,"score_gpt":0.2974548740733081,"score_spread":0.21273533761150845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010553902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986237,0.00032178278,0.0006157636,0.000027326558,0.00001583911,0.000003152963,0.00009529414,0.000013528582,0.00028355315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984016,0.00020184598,0.0006567964,0.00002142647,0.000006213725,0.000009227325,0.0001603565,0.0000049619475,0.00053759164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998191,0.000015081569,0.000014702167,0.000036288788,0.000046426863,0.0000683939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998043,0.00004108932,0.00004390942,0.000009949222,0.0000693267,0.0000314333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002316566,0.0002546762,0.00018344984,0.00027244329,0.00027027293,0.00021403546,0.00020482695,0.0004450196,0.0013235039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005354349,0.000109651424,0.00025367778,0.00030382554,0.00018098392,0.00034151995,0.00012001981,0.00029955665,0.00019755104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021891581,0.000022917937,0.00035088632,0.00005809887,0.000013225966,0.000055415498,0.000038986367,0.00025095994,0.99714154,0.000073010044,0.00008641448,0.0016895301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004360262,0.00010295486,0.0019947502,0.0000037639609,0.000014978236,0.00005093647,0.000029429288,0.0011318966,0.9961994,0.000015982585,0.00044241818,0.00000914875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017595339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015574694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017595339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002875918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019716959,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044274926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011466036","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00048e","title":"The impact of monochloramines and dichloramines on reverse osmosis membranes in wastewater potable reuse process trains: a pilot-scale study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); Western University; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Reuse; Wastewater reuse; Potable water; Wastewater; Environmental science; Forward osmosis; Process (computing); Train; Reverse osmosis plant; Osmosis; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.04142265920394544,"score_gpt":0.3327739261793409,"score_spread":0.29135126697539543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011466036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993741,0.00015228621,0.00017954913,0.000011792837,0.0000035729238,0.000011658936,0.000052842403,0.0000056344265,0.00020860169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984445,0.00030305845,0.00036891163,0.000012627473,0.0000046487507,0.000009271032,0.00007324767,0.0000055978035,0.00077813334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994623,0.00013187931,0.00004168588,0.00009726081,0.00016288106,0.00010403868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954337,0.00016402836,0.000097567485,0.000030273259,0.00011152645,0.00005314197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037364278,0.00035506472,0.0004494399,0.00021847566,0.00037026798,0.00046448814,0.00042814863,0.0006402273,0.0007230665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054644834,0.00021948392,0.0005020009,0.00022745135,0.0002900798,0.0004428029,0.00030949287,0.00044188034,0.00022348731],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010312757,0.00028349305,0.0014698108,0.00012067509,0.000027430864,0.00009258438,0.00008943683,0.0005659017,0.9928462,0.000022887347,0.000034730336,0.0034155592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028987504,0.0031517372,0.0052522537,0.0000051965535,0.000040755458,0.0000624099,0.00012478462,0.00115002,0.9897503,0.000010854247,0.00040971025,0.0000129985665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068917396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006239479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068917396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006249067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004009704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013703227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W301187267","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_24","title":"Assessment of Desalination Technologies Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources in Turkey","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Renewable energy; Environmental science; Water scarcity; Environmental engineering; Per capita; Reverse osmosis; Population; Geothermal desalination; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental protection; Natural resource economics; Agriculture; Engineering; Geography; Economics","score_opus":0.009990950608418937,"score_gpt":0.22240137737314017,"score_spread":0.21241042676472124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W301187267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8113184,0.023199452,0.018084684,0.0005225718,0.00015547515,0.00017391928,0.0029815552,0.00028194318,0.14328186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9739579,0.0055023236,0.0054725357,0.000047061774,0.000009802526,0.0000359735,0.0011237876,0.000059575978,0.013791013],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994281,0.000093259405,0.000026589856,0.00008552865,0.00028595817,0.00008058785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987006,0.000022837983,0.000015438458,0.000005787451,0.00007985879,0.000005968363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044346994,0.0008421114,0.0004021169,0.0011216727,0.0002811044,0.001713403,0.00055044686,0.00066145154,0.0017774657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002475617,0.0002220081,0.0008831894,0.0011415281,0.00021665743,0.0010529737,0.0006361879,0.00033739448,0.00052078825],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013327531,0.00027317367,0.01989819,0.0020887018,0.00038610742,0.001057424,0.00033793016,0.44670665,0.061944026,0.024859907,0.0076633813,0.43345174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012350727,0.0029995884,0.18435392,0.0013266264,0.0014705493,0.001721637,0.0038269837,0.321808,0.23342581,0.030234225,0.21838045,0.00032878044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016060224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020164581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016060224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034003076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010653543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.031933486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011953615","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138019","title":"Self-regenerating tubing bioreactor for removal of toxic substrates: Operational strategies in response to severe dynamic loading conditions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Bioreactor; Volumetric flow rate; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.016525730800474675,"score_gpt":0.25028970821055835,"score_spread":0.23376397741008367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011953615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918629,0.0004560389,0.007003344,0.00007296531,0.000026692058,0.000017270808,0.00007203063,0.00014408675,0.0003446399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890882,0.0005517553,0.008300873,0.00004615307,0.000010804192,0.000024568792,0.00014456596,0.00001855519,0.001814476],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998814,0.000020250489,0.000011847262,0.00002494371,0.00003879092,0.000022925246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999039,0.000013776784,0.000027679342,0.000009836429,0.000027911175,0.000016854527],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002685074,0.00040159014,0.00030948812,0.00015187234,0.00025318124,0.00032755337,0.00033341383,0.00030385278,0.00037496004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015514028,0.000106866464,0.00028898945,0.00014606173,0.00018412048,0.00046843587,0.00028682538,0.00036020865,0.00018891937],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049824874,0.000017208213,0.00011458109,0.00001904507,0.0000022704435,0.000014500169,0.000014548359,0.00012105835,0.9983645,0.000033714674,0.000023681612,0.0012249901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021220644,0.0001267759,0.00062309,0.0000018459774,0.0000060759417,0.00003695647,0.000019510291,0.0016462295,0.9971029,0.00001701906,0.00041301118,0.0000043846208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054226606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092351803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054226606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023600324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003369213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017123222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011955815","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118054","title":"Polymer assisted ultrafiltration of AO7 anionic dye from aqueous solutions: Experimental design, multivariate optimization, and molecular docking insights","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Aqueous solution; Permeation; Polymer; Chemistry; Regenerated cellulose; Response surface methodology; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.031113144327781582,"score_gpt":0.25691253265281516,"score_spread":0.22579938832503357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011955815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98642427,0.0002996376,0.012429967,0.000054237054,0.000011325678,0.0000337599,0.000105774074,0.00007315452,0.00056788826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760045,0.0006796511,0.021776032,0.000036751473,0.000004437538,0.000051156163,0.00019473684,0.00003092241,0.0012218882],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999819,0.000026134967,0.000011771238,0.000031380147,0.00007712411,0.00003458532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998599,0.000038889506,0.000034274795,0.000011497722,0.000039138566,0.000016290101],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005951554,0.00041382428,0.00031691967,0.00017123258,0.00026559748,0.00033153867,0.0004204227,0.00034079826,0.0004675551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040258534,0.00014123617,0.000414095,0.00022203878,0.00019313305,0.0003239398,0.00026640878,0.0005270226,0.0001601518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021160951,0.00017445195,0.00029542757,0.00009073938,0.000022332615,0.000024332248,0.000026777883,0.0031754689,0.98624516,0.00021512808,0.000050884013,0.009467708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001331949,0.00025527197,0.00068026804,0.00000275321,0.000010859426,0.000016631668,0.000009003165,0.008935144,0.98965317,0.000025586069,0.0003884645,0.000009496931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014382463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003510239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014382463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004373953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054167974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00317353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013265521","doi":"10.1039/c9me00160c","title":"Resilient hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes fabricated from crosslinkable phase-separated copolymers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Systems Design & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"University of Notre Dame; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Copolymer; Materials science; Membrane; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.020453696641353894,"score_gpt":0.22759286857917646,"score_spread":0.20713917193782255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013265521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9603699,0.0017664061,0.0340269,0.00021881281,0.000076506905,0.000092986134,0.00044985744,0.00087565667,0.0021231328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96700156,0.0012279046,0.027376922,0.00012728242,0.00002435932,0.00005587583,0.00046300035,0.000055845892,0.0036672777],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985015,0.00001257774,0.000012107759,0.000042450727,0.000049103954,0.000033474495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998337,0.000022798506,0.00008154755,0.000015859603,0.000020426998,0.000025683432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027271177,0.0004979743,0.00023340965,0.00025703854,0.00023453597,0.0002521466,0.0002962535,0.00053056714,0.000736405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002551521,0.0002224626,0.00026641513,0.00013444784,0.00022843956,0.00062807783,0.0002540716,0.0005020993,0.00040500294],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010851946,0.000003395644,0.000022434433,0.000015017288,0.0000013991292,0.000017999533,0.0000063172133,0.000043870692,0.9990435,0.00009537111,0.000021304155,0.0007185207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005759406,0.000052364954,0.00038861,0.000002575935,0.000003310978,0.00007505657,0.000004396808,0.00036026735,0.99821174,0.000039949657,0.00085270277,0.0000033310164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003144215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006395711,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000736405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033508838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002510575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024635792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014501702","doi":"10.1002/wer.1335","title":"Treatment of municipal wastewater in AnMBRs with powdered activated carbon addition under psychrophilic temperatures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Effluent; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Population; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Permeation; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.054760836383193665,"score_gpt":0.29549168864170405,"score_spread":0.24073085225851037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014501702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99919075,0.0002101555,0.00028312625,0.000020809344,0.000008540724,0.000013624837,0.000076115604,0.000013264843,0.00018351585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99750876,0.00030579118,0.001373938,0.000026016874,0.0000067132582,0.000027642705,0.0002098976,0.000008269096,0.0005330785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968874,0.00006367042,0.000041728978,0.000045630048,0.000096731375,0.000063532185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998179,0.00003255388,0.000047358386,0.000013229785,0.000053421845,0.000035577494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033260268,0.0004549758,0.0005753828,0.00021604002,0.00030811707,0.0005842633,0.00023624368,0.00046137054,0.00052444014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033141792,0.00021787283,0.0005247299,0.00028624322,0.00017804028,0.0002989612,0.00027199768,0.0004118795,0.00022842738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002244852,0.00003301788,0.00037231122,0.000059298236,0.000009345927,0.00003079052,0.000019955798,0.00014288593,0.99830985,0.000005632314,0.00001198867,0.00078037434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017555978,0.0009499596,0.007989217,0.000015277676,0.00003105875,0.000058601352,0.000072108465,0.0011412863,0.9892278,0.000013434511,0.00047253032,0.000011173805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002985381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037814225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002985381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041277512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003439286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059360266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014515978","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.140","title":"Characterization of performance of full-scale tertiary membranes under stressed operating conditions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011060650545965604,"score_gpt":0.22494552541497134,"score_spread":0.21388487486900573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014515978","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99785787,0.00028627994,0.0014279066,0.000018559831,0.000005677188,0.000014903377,0.00021080734,0.000019420917,0.00015853469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975485,0.0002721135,0.0013006072,0.000021637576,0.000005144092,0.000026943091,0.00037219818,0.000012974531,0.0004398494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997166,0.000029909772,0.000028210668,0.000050864648,0.000118089054,0.000056311594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996401,0.00008431285,0.00007033694,0.000035650024,0.00012458292,0.000045058503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039270066,0.00031391438,0.0005241748,0.00027193027,0.00026969198,0.0004204894,0.00025781043,0.00047190723,0.00056909665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000792507,0.000097619384,0.00045092255,0.0003238632,0.00019952242,0.00046303173,0.00029415142,0.00045116094,0.00021218295],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045983357,0.000014097494,0.0005722317,0.000046020516,0.00000620474,0.00002950739,0.000032707743,0.00015229461,0.9976332,0.000008008316,0.00000831757,0.0014513275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036169606,0.0004972985,0.021036705,0.000007975406,0.00002560858,0.00015051616,0.000110800385,0.0010890651,0.9765419,0.000024780858,0.0005017043,0.000010029211],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013556953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001305493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013556953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003285852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026127227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00269562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016361396","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116855","title":"Poly[acrylate-co-amide] network composite via photopolymerization for organic solvent nanofiltration separation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Changjiang Scholar Program of Chinese Ministry of Education; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Photopolymer; Photoinitiator; Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Solvent; Acrylate; Permeance; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polyetherimide; Amide; Monomer; Polyamide; Amine gas treating; Interpenetrating polymer network; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.014297703784798943,"score_gpt":0.26771185701654776,"score_spread":0.2534141532317488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016361396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97009987,0.0021681325,0.018390441,0.00015920521,0.00015732432,0.00006762797,0.00012586534,0.00039106837,0.008440603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98756313,0.0008512842,0.007055951,0.000084530606,0.000031029886,0.000032022665,0.000054986598,0.00002783616,0.0042991694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992335,0.0000074108157,0.0000037900913,0.000019964447,0.000025609423,0.000019785653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999517,0.000007716021,0.000017411254,0.00000402962,0.000010126792,0.000009007188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011018084,0.0003848983,0.00013646677,0.00019122187,0.00017119928,0.00017465421,0.00014666046,0.00031078793,0.0012397252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009578842,0.00016444146,0.00018762828,0.00016014448,0.00012909314,0.00040203618,0.00014589401,0.0004195763,0.00038158282],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015464786,0.000012013542,0.000019359393,0.000035086403,0.0000021219464,0.000024438119,0.000007248302,0.000078210105,0.99793494,0.00009524703,0.00004703052,0.0017287906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038596227,0.000063089166,0.0006166992,0.000002721809,0.0000071823524,0.000048221802,0.0000046972837,0.0009894962,0.9969909,0.000020118372,0.001247634,0.0000053875688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050439965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015941839,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012397252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020750762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020484337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004147291},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3020844845","doi":"10.1007/s13762-020-02730-z","title":"Tuning the surface properties of Fe3O4 by zwitterionic sulfobetaine: application to antifouling and dye removal membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Biofouling; Membrane; Fouling; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Chemistry; Permeability (electromagnetism); Humic acid; Grafting; Nanoparticle; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.009301253613297143,"score_gpt":0.22323910851222867,"score_spread":0.21393785489893152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3020844845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99740463,0.00035109036,0.0015573369,0.000076620745,0.000017554903,0.000007901725,0.000035704034,0.000028748706,0.0005204603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970618,0.00033795618,0.0014488875,0.0000305508,0.000007763077,0.0000072408147,0.000048064623,0.0000093180015,0.0010484908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999362,0.000008590571,0.0000063236303,0.000011063991,0.000021534785,0.000016247279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995434,0.000007759505,0.000011904223,0.000003246343,0.000015117204,0.0000075843477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014181227,0.00025144222,0.00014555246,0.00010861141,0.000103399456,0.00017411813,0.00019844383,0.00030832837,0.0005892815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017014603,0.00012683024,0.00015533909,0.000100756275,0.00012468832,0.00019433616,0.00013191046,0.0002046772,0.00012620978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026491118,0.000005100595,0.000037929876,0.00001459091,0.0000018061039,0.000009832273,0.000004082733,0.000031699066,0.999246,0.0000149264715,0.00001193561,0.0005956731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004850481,0.000058085807,0.0005066213,6.5481e-7,0.0000051543902,0.000021350303,0.0000064408996,0.0005641298,0.998432,0.000011815228,0.0003865725,0.0000023016405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005852816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010562908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005892815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019107333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013886872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001971364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021717786","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23777","title":"Intermittent ultrasound‐assisted ceramic membrane fouling control in ultrafiltration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasound; Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Membrane fouling; Cavitation; Ceramic; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Microfiltration; Cross-flow filtration; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Acoustics; Medicine","score_opus":0.010818123487761431,"score_gpt":0.19063373701478567,"score_spread":0.17981561352702424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3021717786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829937,0.002645786,0.013896304,0.00006161961,0.000029305862,0.000015091883,0.000023344313,0.00007349086,0.0002613393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99215007,0.00084864814,0.006378135,0.000029730196,0.000020185524,0.000012721409,0.00002821921,0.0000090489275,0.0005231153],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998423,0.0000272311,0.000010004033,0.000026630398,0.00007049099,0.000023369981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999858,0.000033845,0.00005006276,0.000011099778,0.00003467161,0.000012324873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020496587,0.00021665206,0.00025390353,0.00015339644,0.00012572978,0.00022153612,0.00030594834,0.00025669887,0.00035040083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002822183,0.000098167904,0.0001927719,0.00012893775,0.00024214464,0.00027648616,0.00022047893,0.0002547107,0.00006470169],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054544067,0.000013006033,0.00015643786,0.000068707755,0.0000046028954,0.000018016526,0.00001875816,0.00011902561,0.99581367,0.000023331933,0.000019247515,0.0036906644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011736546,0.00034303663,0.0016667909,0.0000036855422,0.00002017602,0.000063824955,0.000017141154,0.002940779,0.9937192,0.0000191149,0.0011880886,0.0000063864554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007200265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008724852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007200265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023791047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116855146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017261505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021924989","doi":"10.3390/w12051269","title":"Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Nickel Ions: A Response Surface Method and Artificial Neural Network Optimization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nickel; Pulmonary surfactant; Aqueous solution; Box–Behnken design; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metallurgy","score_opus":0.02131074550037945,"score_gpt":0.2579913093929525,"score_spread":0.23668056389257305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3021924989","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39111388,0.0011184026,0.60482657,0.00011951274,0.00005013245,0.00021139024,0.00012342012,0.0005833867,0.0018533053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74146,0.00095400424,0.25413778,0.000064444095,0.000015878122,0.0005949993,0.0002015022,0.000057062407,0.0025142636],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976414,0.00006269874,0.000019450077,0.00005843663,0.00007256151,0.000022677226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998411,0.00007496665,0.000028419716,0.000008564975,0.000041205734,0.0000057108064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086249155,0.00087797886,0.000857555,0.00030154694,0.00015428613,0.00039148773,0.00060524134,0.00070110254,0.00043247046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064420234,0.00030253237,0.0008363138,0.00040898751,0.00016851017,0.00030224465,0.00027646692,0.0006140774,0.00011924761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031371487,0.0005031281,0.0011377702,0.00060195016,0.00017467717,0.00009111467,0.00009003014,0.63090074,0.29323655,0.0013244431,0.00026184492,0.0713641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011558811,0.00021315971,0.00047087934,0.0000047892827,0.000022004999,0.000013067083,0.0000065123872,0.95363766,0.045122363,0.00014010278,0.00034561788,0.0000122114725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019307911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026178753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019307911,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041598998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004297126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045613647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022045091","doi":"","title":"Synergies of New Technologies - The Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD)","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"16th World Petroleum Congress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority","funders":"","keywords":"Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Petroleum engineering; Drainage; Geology; Environmental science; Engineering; Oil sands; Geography; Asphalt; Archaeology","score_opus":0.01286585282769628,"score_gpt":0.24241847295543872,"score_spread":0.22955262012774244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022045091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57307,0.103433035,0.16286933,0.015106505,0.0032175293,0.00052650226,0.00061353034,0.0011986181,0.13996501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93523175,0.02309509,0.026302006,0.00073710957,0.0006404993,0.00010652299,0.00031003964,0.000034918434,0.0135420915],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992403,0.00017619034,0.000034178374,0.000103127204,0.00034704973,0.00009926021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996985,0.00011353287,0.000037219943,0.000034916717,0.000077296754,0.000038544338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001131766,0.00051752967,0.0006504516,0.00084430125,0.00040572014,0.0016698542,0.0004588018,0.0010590769,0.004574672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006402703,0.00022385092,0.0006645708,0.0009932393,0.00071068865,0.0023720295,0.0018420366,0.00092696666,0.0007742727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018604773,0.0008521225,0.006706974,0.0025244884,0.00055418565,0.00072128593,0.00033194153,0.01814195,0.1722275,0.11059,0.011714747,0.6737744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070990203,0.008264409,0.01576183,0.00056066155,0.0011319196,0.002648043,0.0011753152,0.054897383,0.34264696,0.10874171,0.4631634,0.00029848298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030477712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009744411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004574672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005157433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001102754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01530385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024651427","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23812","title":"Understanding and enhancing the direct contact membrane distillation performance by modified heat transfer correlation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Nusselt number; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Distillation; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficient; Volumetric flow rate; Thermal conduction; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Mechanics; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Physics","score_opus":0.022107342839564514,"score_gpt":0.18004122922321666,"score_spread":0.15793388638365216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3024651427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66966075,0.0008338612,0.3239642,0.0001920837,0.00004322062,0.00016719058,0.00014389958,0.0008055048,0.0041893367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97431314,0.00016955248,0.024780272,0.000025761778,0.000006602998,0.000047415168,0.000043079217,0.00002812333,0.0005860614],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999564,0.00008553302,0.000019708874,0.00009540206,0.00019072871,0.000044647317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984805,0.0010002778,0.00016952357,0.00016119903,0.00016591049,0.000022604801],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001166439,0.0005579942,0.00045143347,0.00042325628,0.00020444451,0.00055919366,0.00078711635,0.0005805915,0.00083638314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0040016063,0.00023331551,0.00028371264,0.0005582056,0.0005036835,0.0009185681,0.0005394961,0.000653184,0.00019580589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044504585,0.00040955952,0.0070041716,0.00041362582,0.00006691992,0.0002701043,0.00016057696,0.39151633,0.51733524,0.014073904,0.0005662765,0.06773829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014670718,0.00015502602,0.0017307414,0.000009870329,0.000014072531,0.000038665945,0.000009343685,0.82713604,0.16983506,0.0005155454,0.00051963306,0.00002128156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002212862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019958538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002212862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008205168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00076994277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0061687827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025658462","doi":"10.1007/s11356-020-09084-6","title":"The underlying mechanism in gel formation and its mathematical simulation during anionic polyacrylamide solution ultrafiltration process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Hainan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Polyacrylamide; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chromatography; Process (computing); Fluoride; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.07423311333640843,"score_gpt":0.3447001650994193,"score_spread":0.2704670517630109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025658462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73655915,0.0031133548,0.21644054,0.002261308,0.00043411832,0.00019205232,0.00036339858,0.00026809736,0.040368035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809973,0.0009755766,0.006375312,0.000113514325,0.00006493592,0.00009045379,0.0000787758,0.000046383324,0.011257763],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998722,0.000025784848,0.000008620788,0.000028983553,0.000026397576,0.000038083846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997063,0.0001438439,0.000058493693,0.000017358707,0.00004902035,0.000025001425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028138678,0.0005125116,0.000535192,0.00057013176,0.0007935185,0.00073530164,0.0009182076,0.0015466057,0.0021541007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010898515,0.000393521,0.0012618202,0.0004097858,0.0009042206,0.001748191,0.0006588515,0.0008456603,0.00020292503],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008883086,0.00015604105,0.0025576141,0.00034590144,0.00005273228,0.00067247543,0.00037584722,0.868463,0.02116919,0.09873886,0.0009264305,0.006453012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009351471,0.000020994168,0.0005997225,0.000007201366,0.000014092384,0.00006539505,0.000039655853,0.9908111,0.001653979,0.006414133,0.0003497417,0.000014655564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0069699055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021513095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0069699055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062680175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00074335106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013858676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3026119509","doi":"10.1155/2020/8281058","title":"Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Polymer Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Membrane; Materials science; Acrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Permeation; Polymerization; Chemical engineering; Grafting; Hydrolysis; Polymer; Copolymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011657754264290682,"score_gpt":0.2525195460815307,"score_spread":0.24086179181724002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3026119509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98755985,0.0010836166,0.0096136965,0.00011209657,0.000041738975,0.000045443056,0.0001831516,0.00017913802,0.001181295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827125,0.0011719053,0.013267914,0.00009284473,0.000020600457,0.000087322755,0.00030310111,0.000047899284,0.0022958624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998617,0.000014121631,0.000010342991,0.000036222806,0.000043534492,0.000034088593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999038,0.000018907376,0.00002394604,0.000011508134,0.00002663117,0.00001521167],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001870563,0.0003377248,0.00031737078,0.00017472017,0.00015868689,0.00023830505,0.0002426688,0.00054025766,0.0007569019],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029793175,0.00016388483,0.00036924504,0.00017588555,0.00015572154,0.00038730184,0.00019200712,0.00047255075,0.0004011195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009386918,0.000004501127,0.000019601612,0.00001759819,0.0000019160739,0.000025479763,0.000005077034,0.00002978534,0.9993606,0.000020181313,0.000010950583,0.0004949215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023134003,0.0000445217,0.00044131564,0.0000017249064,0.0000042821302,0.00006563648,0.000005166226,0.00046323513,0.9984376,0.000010679228,0.0005204434,0.0000030863364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042417235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040382016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007569019,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019461762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012382433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002532065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027627413","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115952","title":"Functional PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) removal with high water recovery","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council; Western Economic Diversification Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Petroleum Technology Research Centre; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Tetrabromobisphenol A; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Surface modification; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Permeation; Portable water purification; Wastewater; Water treatment; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Fire retardant; Organic chemistry; Waste management","score_opus":0.06450192831042872,"score_gpt":0.28450225130510753,"score_spread":0.2200003229946788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3027627413","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9593325,0.0022608475,0.035357844,0.00026480237,0.00016519423,0.000043290835,0.00039828155,0.00041818278,0.0017590629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791615,0.0012998249,0.015263465,0.00011039917,0.000025091796,0.00004710674,0.00037779202,0.000059060418,0.0036556916],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998441,0.000013098523,0.00001168835,0.000032765533,0.000061017658,0.000037274847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999175,0.000009671435,0.000013827213,0.000006353967,0.000040111878,0.000012519706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019926975,0.00049097155,0.00027908213,0.00029132562,0.00034415137,0.00024050707,0.0003195836,0.00065508793,0.00097598624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017317833,0.00021330672,0.00062031084,0.00026071462,0.00013512786,0.00051570125,0.00028184187,0.0006064787,0.00055514404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024141338,0.000011054471,0.000028291022,0.000034099885,0.0000048072748,0.000019300844,0.0000064411875,0.00003865652,0.998447,0.0000346733,0.000048128553,0.0013034744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041471885,0.000049118193,0.00040261267,0.0000018734801,0.000010091666,0.0000457697,0.000007688435,0.00074898696,0.997766,0.000021718877,0.0009378002,0.000004164075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001527736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016165167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001527736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034574367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034420498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032650232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027839381","doi":"10.1002/wer.1361","title":"Impact of AnMBR operating conditions on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Biogas; Anaerobic exercise; Methane; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.06336213452275044,"score_gpt":0.33920882942587244,"score_spread":0.27584669490312197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3027839381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988232,0.00030476085,0.0004359808,0.000022715312,0.000010492637,0.000015378013,0.00012468212,0.00003249771,0.00023030699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99812526,0.00022644707,0.0012097309,0.000017182643,0.000006483496,0.00002207941,0.00015634812,0.000012115538,0.00022435893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909115,0.00021341091,0.0001285506,0.00013179652,0.0002979198,0.0001372277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992623,0.00030194563,0.00021012386,0.000052144685,0.000089788795,0.00008368742],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085908436,0.0006232749,0.0009005518,0.0004200069,0.0003281316,0.00090927124,0.00033887103,0.0005145967,0.00083494623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011833373,0.00025425164,0.00043689628,0.00041418147,0.00022843218,0.0005483146,0.00045444953,0.0005670859,0.000364665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008610371,0.0001054601,0.0011608613,0.00014895707,0.000023945631,0.00011566951,0.0000551636,0.0007930366,0.9943077,0.000021190266,0.000025955529,0.0023811185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034584555,0.0021210657,0.016522013,0.00002264918,0.00006676598,0.00021982768,0.00014287322,0.0023684413,0.9776133,0.000026253747,0.0008260805,0.000036118636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016149107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001750716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016149107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000508462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036706045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045433044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030769667","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.256","title":"Process water recovery via forward osmosis: membrane and integrated process development","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Energy consumption; Osmosis; Process engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Wastewater; Reverse osmosis; Work (physics); Process (computing); Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010556231257184882,"score_gpt":0.22929498795425082,"score_spread":0.21873875669706594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3030769667","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.399274,0.003889405,0.5904078,0.00044080275,0.00013715717,0.0004112783,0.0002646137,0.0016011596,0.0035738118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6982282,0.004325324,0.29115278,0.00011636562,0.000028573355,0.00023571176,0.00043637256,0.00010097369,0.005375771],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952424,0.000045883116,0.0000306111,0.00008571441,0.0002701903,0.000043333926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998498,0.000023892762,0.000029447236,0.000018318588,0.000067463465,0.000011064808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008999505,0.0005441907,0.00059682917,0.0004417346,0.00023239682,0.0009333289,0.000838189,0.00078434567,0.0005948568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004245639,0.00025809844,0.0006035716,0.00048552683,0.00032666366,0.0011666324,0.0007567717,0.0009557774,0.00045470567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006167939,0.00013268278,0.00026133354,0.00025111117,0.00002155794,0.000054637825,0.000033065928,0.00421739,0.9604487,0.0010399469,0.00011886599,0.033359066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000097269985,0.00020631852,0.0003380669,0.000010049194,0.000015424679,0.000087538734,0.00001111105,0.014755289,0.9808102,0.00018310825,0.0035606532,0.000012472645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008963699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013347084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009333289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075992034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008717867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0055136085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3032897413","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2020.114557","title":"Current status and challenges of fabricating thin film composite forward osmosis membrane: A comprehensive roadmap","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Persian Gulf University; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Forward osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Desalination; Fouling; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Chemical engineering; Osmotic power; Materials science; Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.04443092059276776,"score_gpt":0.273149295767296,"score_spread":0.22871837517452825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3032897413","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02565665,0.9234988,0.025285114,0.0127706155,0.00071202725,0.00013186588,0.00027006,0.00038499775,0.011289839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06753062,0.8909836,0.033421647,0.001928556,0.0004900035,0.00019903187,0.00073370547,0.0000507899,0.004661964],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908555,0.00013478914,0.000101862344,0.00013530868,0.00035537485,0.0001871578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976948,0.0009474343,0.00029826676,0.00009728502,0.0007490413,0.0002130842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040052817,0.0009321532,0.0012745933,0.0011535414,0.00074315525,0.004387014,0.0016687068,0.002304066,0.005755928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019890894,0.0006313139,0.0008378297,0.0010880454,0.0009814996,0.006568965,0.0022966408,0.0019713955,0.0016740415],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004161347,0.0005441958,0.0014654411,0.013278279,0.000097850716,0.00031300855,0.0003189785,0.007336932,0.06625146,0.018186249,0.015151544,0.87663996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011391769,0.0040983176,0.004125013,0.0064972597,0.00037288852,0.0012861202,0.0028954404,0.02407437,0.076324545,0.039466396,0.8404893,0.00025647006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001776269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037300084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005755928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011441223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00502787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021182239},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033684230","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2020-0066","title":"Congo red filtration by polyacrylonitrile-based copolymer membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Acrylonitrile; Polyaniline; Membrane; Congo red; Copolymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Monomer; Filtration (mathematics); Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Polymer; Polymerization; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010711164378023658,"score_gpt":0.19841168505185297,"score_spread":0.1877005206738293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033684230","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89691985,0.02125981,0.077115074,0.00044804433,0.00017964767,0.000081703634,0.00018333072,0.0004233972,0.0033891047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9468597,0.009563375,0.036959395,0.0001903806,0.000051197992,0.00005427938,0.0002589122,0.000068702255,0.0059939264],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996563,0.000072748524,0.00002409516,0.000088836074,0.00010264999,0.00005542814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986184,0.000034567805,0.00004552163,0.000008783996,0.0000380379,0.000011213516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043170433,0.0007589911,0.0004917882,0.00034877312,0.0002388444,0.0004820546,0.00027376213,0.00055798754,0.0004178731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023532713,0.0002221741,0.0004941848,0.00022115328,0.00016170608,0.0007428087,0.00015273585,0.0005423979,0.00039680963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027800468,0.000012347012,0.000073490635,0.000087218534,0.000010600877,0.000029218256,0.000009588016,0.00011258095,0.9973123,0.00005569617,0.00002187716,0.0022472846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025118334,0.00005736677,0.00040176517,0.0000050581475,0.0000128294905,0.00007130564,0.000005277599,0.0006597798,0.9977779,0.000012483674,0.0009887415,0.0000050249437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014653633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019602214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014653633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048780738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024654646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035392642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033841463","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118352","title":"Improved antifouling and antibacterial properties of forward osmosis membranes through surface modification with zwitterions and silver-based metal organic frameworks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Surface modification; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.02465909051625905,"score_gpt":0.2409663861550159,"score_spread":0.21630729563875684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033841463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970951,0.0005693357,0.0015794022,0.000051662097,0.000026758038,0.000007388748,0.00003835808,0.000051276635,0.0005807595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969875,0.00038149752,0.0012205126,0.000030373934,0.000009602716,0.0000071853765,0.00005616162,0.000009532568,0.0012975918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998567,0.000013124622,0.000010697303,0.000021941447,0.00005139345,0.00004613914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999032,0.000012535727,0.000026891397,0.000006484709,0.000037923128,0.0000128655265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018775194,0.00046367614,0.00021274998,0.00018494161,0.00013692076,0.00025548047,0.00028018103,0.00045378204,0.00042562786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024698407,0.00016546255,0.0003166998,0.000102010534,0.0001358037,0.0003415014,0.0002035234,0.0003232771,0.00016666882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031563144,0.0000057072616,0.0000339234,0.000016674472,0.0000025551972,0.00001496005,0.0000072252437,0.000030007212,0.99895847,0.0000318073,0.000016437938,0.00085065525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025955685,0.000046406352,0.00028096657,8.455106e-7,0.0000049691853,0.000027397771,0.000004916991,0.0003695207,0.99901724,0.000007046698,0.00023483565,0.0000032451449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007399096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010128653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007399096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020498832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016220489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014873743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034645286","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118326","title":"Development of antifouling membranes using agro-industrial waste lignin for the treatment of Canada's oil sands produced water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.06507411913636917,"score_gpt":0.2650701211239958,"score_spread":0.19999600198762663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034645286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935662,0.00083340425,0.0037239704,0.00013328441,0.00003973614,0.00008591515,0.00006900013,0.00006537663,0.00148313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98453724,0.0013292569,0.008362203,0.00005995634,0.000007038857,0.000027747958,0.00015556891,0.000015509377,0.0055055437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984217,0.000013297184,0.000008056748,0.000021139671,0.00006066604,0.000054652184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987614,0.000011814773,0.000014403067,0.0000056918725,0.000058952133,0.000032888052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028823328,0.00038373162,0.00026590456,0.0002693163,0.00044755894,0.0005231161,0.00043762344,0.0005348511,0.0005056173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024644306,0.00017725636,0.00044252462,0.00017780514,0.00019324505,0.00033290312,0.00026452343,0.0004957606,0.0002145391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040486022,0.000073002826,0.00020107653,0.00004976689,0.000009131234,0.000043345815,0.000027034448,0.00016749858,0.9946307,0.00008746482,0.000045177094,0.004625351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000068388185,0.00013407602,0.001187675,0.0000040987134,0.000012334282,0.000033229906,0.000035537112,0.0006600904,0.9966594,0.000008511875,0.0012544522,0.0000036815127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021380214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.048765786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9786198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009948204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014214023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.042511523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035351375","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106206","title":"In-situ ultrasound-assisted control of polymeric membrane fouling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"In situ; Fouling; Materials science; Ultrasound; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Medicine; Radiology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.014465127460424936,"score_gpt":0.2329912958459661,"score_spread":0.21852616838554115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3035351375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98005426,0.0012104367,0.016184224,0.0001897022,0.00007491596,0.000020737683,0.00007578892,0.000111295136,0.002078691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918602,0.00052217353,0.004921417,0.000046617537,0.000022519711,0.000014685459,0.000043875516,0.000024467397,0.0025439973],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986947,0.000024234227,0.000009155156,0.000030386065,0.00003571194,0.000030996845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998921,0.00004337651,0.000023554268,0.00000931325,0.000019894529,0.000011619934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024502605,0.0002531373,0.00017302929,0.0001225698,0.00016687698,0.0003169958,0.00029909008,0.00033370926,0.0010827545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031265308,0.0001365269,0.00012226643,0.000119225995,0.00028344145,0.0002796137,0.00017806965,0.00035436556,0.00014364738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000225886,0.0000063139855,0.000009485178,0.0000139550275,0.0000011085475,0.0000054689444,0.000011864211,0.000036662957,0.9990846,0.00004309665,0.000015071121,0.00074970577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020462826,0.000021261432,0.000096122974,4.7620503e-7,0.0000015273333,0.0000080454765,0.0000040936443,0.00048239614,0.9989931,0.00001084456,0.0003785706,0.0000015419805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058282807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012079547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010827545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003145819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001447816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036221743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037381896","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116691","title":"A self-cleaning and photocatalytic cellulose-fiber- supported “Ag@AgCl@MOF- cloth’’ membrane for complex wastewater remediation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbohydrate Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Cellulose; Cellulose fiber; Membrane; Environmental remediation; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Composite material; Contamination; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.02394972711139351,"score_gpt":0.2340522703464531,"score_spread":0.21010254323505959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037381896","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98522526,0.0010763414,0.011134079,0.00030479414,0.00008119248,0.00003240999,0.00015253876,0.00022142801,0.0017718811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98844904,0.00045757703,0.0075025456,0.00006782116,0.000017073678,0.00001916455,0.00018364406,0.00002605427,0.0032770005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998703,0.000011344614,0.000009021188,0.000031071217,0.00004323502,0.00003492365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999577,0.00000540036,0.0000066275024,0.0000060990697,0.000013652002,0.000010443343],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017401556,0.0002918193,0.00026595982,0.00022251203,0.00026754453,0.00027269358,0.00044194394,0.0007047569,0.0007183614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016824271,0.00016519582,0.00033754134,0.00015260703,0.00015765424,0.00039607706,0.00025896632,0.0003120004,0.00037327627],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003163419,0.000025268333,0.00010165633,0.000050900664,0.000008368799,0.00007339313,0.000012786184,0.00007779357,0.9971848,0.000091870905,0.00009363288,0.002247993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059199783,0.000049721384,0.00055402494,0.0000015680951,0.000008346055,0.0000777434,0.000009111085,0.0017545697,0.99648464,0.0000137902325,0.0010359063,0.000004704615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014859628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022217827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014859628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040797252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023645505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029600859},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038550792","doi":"10.1007/s10570-020-03295-3","title":"Sustainable cellulose-based hydrogel for dewatering of orange juice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Lakehead University; Canadian Sleep & Circadian Network","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council","keywords":"Dewatering; Orange juice; Epichlorohydrin; Chemistry; Cellulose; Orange (colour); Distilled water; Pulp and paper industry; Self-healing hydrogels; Pulp (tooth); Chemical engineering; Food science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021180998885030968,"score_gpt":0.22908756233492983,"score_spread":0.20790656344989886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3038550792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97187245,0.006847621,0.012842633,0.00033319098,0.00013764815,0.000051944524,0.00037147553,0.00011637624,0.007426677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867671,0.002846554,0.005276844,0.00009105968,0.000017975759,0.000017120263,0.00016492487,0.000020643518,0.004797769],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992824,0.0000056907306,0.000003928018,0.000014839008,0.000024556715,0.000022683349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996066,0.0000068074646,0.000009010636,0.0000024282904,0.0000072416033,0.000013800934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016211752,0.00026875382,0.0001473789,0.00015844544,0.00013021012,0.00026613916,0.00015600318,0.00029862905,0.001332942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000115474184,0.000094041454,0.00018739728,0.00014497251,0.000075059725,0.00045249745,0.00022838426,0.00047198194,0.00022705895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027647173,0.000030392,0.000074329975,0.00008596826,0.000006257805,0.00005831434,0.000013964803,0.00024038144,0.9951983,0.00025718083,0.00010918924,0.0038979808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005107889,0.000071815244,0.00061399076,0.000009358273,0.0000070638466,0.000041561096,0.000017691147,0.001737316,0.99467045,0.00004222485,0.0027782517,0.000005046792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087584817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032668267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001332942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031536806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003129295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044591427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039221684","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30107-5","title":"Aquaporin's membranes play a vital role in effectively cleaning both produced and oil and gas flow-back water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Aquaporin; Engineering; Water channel; Water flow; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.007900727348837145,"score_gpt":0.2066318836641928,"score_spread":0.19873115631535565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039221684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48426664,0.14477979,0.242008,0.027155904,0.0016159877,0.00022470542,0.0011767806,0.0029576942,0.095814444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7656838,0.101174265,0.09398025,0.0015590768,0.00032253584,0.000061471335,0.00035564005,0.00015948573,0.036703397],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951255,0.00004511871,0.000022543172,0.00006413799,0.00028070674,0.000074940595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998235,0.0000630482,0.00003182598,0.000008025776,0.000052337826,0.000021248119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051801675,0.0003876507,0.00036184918,0.0005584052,0.0008530258,0.00093554665,0.00034262333,0.001017046,0.001374561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029685462,0.00029127146,0.00035317926,0.00048966665,0.0011459924,0.0017918976,0.0007597129,0.0011121999,0.0010796768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000571923,0.000048846352,0.0005787567,0.00066562725,0.000023047258,0.00020090725,0.00015967483,0.0005745033,0.8915785,0.012890053,0.0030176884,0.090205275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006888738,0.00017531127,0.0010999211,0.000038542188,0.000013350269,0.0007674205,0.00021254014,0.0007138103,0.85902506,0.0022999202,0.13561824,0.000029066048],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016695593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019775087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016695593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075291895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006754311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005462885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039949322","doi":"10.1063/5.0014255","title":"On the breakup of a permeating oil droplet in crossflow filtration: Effects of viscosity contrast","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Viscosity; Mechanics; Filtration (mathematics); Physics; Contrast (vision); Thermodynamics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012328102951365686,"score_gpt":0.22781480386177952,"score_spread":0.21548670091041383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039949322","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861676,0.000759528,0.011563701,0.000107036125,0.000025700261,0.000024931815,0.00004675072,0.0000383729,0.0012662706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99585426,0.00051291054,0.003161564,0.000016003212,0.000003820744,0.000013698929,0.000040010265,0.000010527663,0.00038727856],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999846,0.0000179689,0.000009628521,0.0000334861,0.000047466972,0.00004546277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994711,0.00033500805,0.000085844906,0.000024119774,0.00005693217,0.00002690096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004590621,0.0003195757,0.0005211488,0.00046532194,0.0004356694,0.0005639819,0.00034227452,0.00054455025,0.0007117314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012007698,0.00018676315,0.00054805464,0.00030330603,0.000536644,0.0007089201,0.00043491958,0.00066680176,0.00010135159],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00072015583,0.0002761254,0.005211799,0.00044484195,0.000051764404,0.0017250582,0.00047382992,0.25980538,0.6953166,0.0047420445,0.00022868166,0.031003706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002384499,0.0004639708,0.005824342,0.00003260915,0.000032308515,0.00013968804,0.00011829195,0.57478964,0.41724873,0.0004973905,0.00078128633,0.000047935046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004029346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020747455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004029346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006834842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004173303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008011758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041688444","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118440","title":"Fouling of composite water vapor transport membranes by aerosol nanoparticles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeance; Membrane; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Fouling; Backwashing; Water vapor; Nanoparticle; Nanofiltration; Particle (ecology); Substrate (aquarium); Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01621510460164005,"score_gpt":0.23580501232272505,"score_spread":0.219589907721085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041688444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986308,0.00017151529,0.0006742213,0.000019507454,0.000012991172,0.0000028605666,0.000016158972,0.000013299021,0.00045866575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985726,0.00008173789,0.00033347608,0.000013294466,0.0000058664787,0.0000026629434,0.00003071474,0.000005685932,0.0009541334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979466,0.000025234081,0.00001024559,0.000037224727,0.00005865002,0.00007401341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987566,0.000042109637,0.000018076858,0.000008246597,0.00004404483,0.000011794761],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022087745,0.0002011936,0.00021027568,0.00019961833,0.00032032147,0.0003432007,0.00026920618,0.00047664216,0.0008367941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003079048,0.00015473503,0.0003254678,0.0000770614,0.00016854664,0.00034024962,0.00018780334,0.00030104542,0.00021247934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013974788,0.000018791821,0.00029495606,0.000023424009,0.0000079345045,0.00004724115,0.000030820505,0.00028474518,0.99750537,0.0000784926,0.000046468973,0.0015221311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037005498,0.000074062045,0.0009053604,0.0000014833535,0.0000058569603,0.000019124931,0.000021841253,0.0028349492,0.99593085,0.000017639257,0.00018261958,0.0000026203093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002540833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018302937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002540833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005164497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020607107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050520897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041818449","doi":"10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107656","title":"A comprehensive computational study and simulation of innovative zwitterionic materials for enhanced poly (vinylidene fluoride) membrane hydrophilicity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Science and Engineering Research Council; Canadian Natural Resources Limited; International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society","keywords":"Zwitterion; Membrane; Protonation; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Carboxylate; Hydrogen bond; Sulfonate; Amide; Molecule; Organic chemistry; Ion; Sodium","score_opus":0.031348726403230665,"score_gpt":0.2755658487181247,"score_spread":0.244217122314894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041818449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967246,0.0004773121,0.008665,0.0004274503,0.00006424948,0.000078919154,0.00051064417,0.00012138044,0.022409113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99176943,0.0002268652,0.005491728,0.00008582654,0.000016833654,0.000108037515,0.0002579039,0.00004340436,0.0019999403],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998852,0.00002450515,0.0000035804696,0.000009758349,0.000033458113,0.000043503347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997092,0.00016804071,0.000024977262,0.000019116973,0.000054807908,0.000023802553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027224934,0.0005179622,0.0007902431,0.0004464364,0.00080707244,0.00087521086,0.00095293147,0.0012342035,0.004070559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00077565556,0.0003554171,0.0006787951,0.00071118324,0.00046891638,0.0005494323,0.00043783287,0.0006490171,0.00020813776],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012056947,0.00017988852,0.00090005185,0.00009915514,0.000042413245,0.00019637925,0.000050167164,0.9853931,0.0034336976,0.0061036265,0.0006741109,0.0028068875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045422763,0.00006485948,0.00030783872,0.000005141453,0.00001377241,0.000011835931,0.000034186924,0.99780446,0.0009059432,0.00042717907,0.0003734896,0.000005915717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013144843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01335185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013144843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010581319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015732956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026136696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042137444","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117336","title":"Contribution of biofilm layer to virus removal in gravity-driven membrane systems with passive fouling control","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilm; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Layer (electronics); Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014111883992770375,"score_gpt":0.2556976792261263,"score_spread":0.2415857952333559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042137444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996671,0.0011374227,0.0016577488,0.00003693,0.000017373175,0.000026117457,0.000094421404,0.000028226674,0.00033095048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99518126,0.00079918734,0.0031860694,0.000044981625,0.0000060599077,0.000032092637,0.00017848119,0.000009170936,0.0005625984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993807,0.000075042546,0.00005351645,0.00009613213,0.0003007407,0.00009394419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967253,0.0000967168,0.000083918894,0.000023905686,0.00009584059,0.000027207087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004159995,0.00039981466,0.0005736303,0.00030333584,0.00028842848,0.00082472456,0.00033833855,0.00073095044,0.0003827614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007270995,0.00022329796,0.00051312067,0.00028510691,0.0002783636,0.0006234433,0.00059173035,0.00064231013,0.00014734309],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004845653,0.000026305515,0.00063140644,0.0001382754,0.000011275429,0.000032700922,0.00003421417,0.00025348738,0.9967349,0.000024885974,0.000016281878,0.0020476764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067101387,0.00076437707,0.007504986,0.000019550303,0.00004031927,0.00008425542,0.00010374125,0.0030639153,0.98742455,0.000045866625,0.000922276,0.000019301135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025889468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031023917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025889468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045100183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038997657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051476955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042318382","doi":"10.3390/en13143662","title":"Anaerobic-Based Water Resources Recovery Facilities: A Review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Biogas; Environmental science; Waste management; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; Energy recovery; Anaerobic digestion; Biogas production; Activated sludge; Resource recovery; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering; Chemistry; Energy (signal processing)","score_opus":0.03060479450255634,"score_gpt":0.2691603386378815,"score_spread":0.23855554413532518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042318382","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002715012,0.99704534,0.00027991555,0.00013626562,0.00014560812,0.000010083801,0.000042671752,0.000011565501,0.0020570443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00121142,0.99763525,0.0003382812,0.00007339625,0.00007022426,0.000008408106,0.000055618435,0.0000020463053,0.00060531445],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997602,0.00002796471,0.000035656583,0.000055791366,0.00009131376,0.000029131546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996557,0.00014916004,0.00006944118,0.0000125130155,0.00008388045,0.000029261531],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005588146,0.0011005113,0.0012242397,0.0034333922,0.00039725684,0.0013312617,0.00087617664,0.0010380518,0.005257165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00053086283,0.00043775004,0.0007560758,0.0038579337,0.00037102625,0.0016076885,0.00072491175,0.0011028626,0.0022742536],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057829035,0.00014937583,0.00021181646,0.05233911,0.00011426674,0.00025323685,0.00007842069,0.00077245035,0.004492315,0.008038321,0.017311186,0.91618156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005657216,0.00011317067,0.0004547878,0.003404427,0.00010627335,0.0005349422,0.00004796172,0.00011146437,0.001023519,0.00090666354,0.99327374,0.000017411518],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016794365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023682623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005257165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005883555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013929835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017586946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043163697","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c12141","title":"In Situ Ag-MOF Growth on Pre-Grafted Zwitterions Imparts Outstanding Antifouling Properties to Forward Osmosis Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Babol Noshirvani University of Technology; Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Silver nitrate; Polyamide; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026990877468887273,"score_gpt":0.2501824721880056,"score_spread":0.2231915947191183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3043163697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99661654,0.00025179156,0.0022666026,0.00003822671,0.00001673713,0.0000100077605,0.00009583653,0.00004690174,0.00065734383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952029,0.00029499427,0.0026301444,0.000018238616,0.000006320065,0.000017191944,0.00014634043,0.000019664736,0.001664266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999887,0.0000070029746,0.0000072103976,0.000029240737,0.00003156375,0.00003805631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999138,0.000018965628,0.000022557642,0.000009211929,0.000022886405,0.00001258945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001088666,0.00049674493,0.0002102811,0.00017028676,0.00017770684,0.00022011764,0.00020915872,0.0003936647,0.0008906378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001966578,0.00016782757,0.00021833864,0.0001145537,0.00016212818,0.00021620469,0.00014383502,0.00036769296,0.00023840733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008879984,0.0000029678624,0.000026397158,0.0000067027145,0.0000010168972,0.000010068666,0.0000048646093,0.000010867457,0.9996408,0.0000115767125,0.0000076807655,0.00026800236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.356247e-7,0.000017744826,0.00044503383,6.40637e-7,0.0000018531258,0.000016298327,0.0000047467033,0.00012609291,0.99915385,0.0000039053625,0.00022808493,0.0000011599031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001439692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024448724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001439692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021607567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014577205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002979517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043445575","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106228","title":"A critical review on ultrasonic-assisted fouling control and cleaning of fouled membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrasonic sensor; Cavitation; Materials science; Sonication; Ultrasound; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Acoustics; Engineering","score_opus":0.04429927265592804,"score_gpt":0.32060840374695204,"score_spread":0.276309131091024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3043445575","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011196885,0.9987937,0.00021397314,0.00013790239,0.0002695287,0.000007379606,0.000029218572,0.0000066214798,0.0004296048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00038957247,0.99842525,0.0003011273,0.00014845663,0.00018613548,0.0000096519925,0.000044152617,0.0000013152604,0.0004943679],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997073,0.000037357462,0.000053249107,0.000052309195,0.00012355522,0.000026144957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953306,0.00021695298,0.000082508064,0.000012459457,0.00012830352,0.000026750351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007228078,0.0012084191,0.001724643,0.002505611,0.00026721266,0.0009845988,0.0009775851,0.0010923622,0.0037546519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009998222,0.0003988563,0.0007506662,0.002651609,0.00032122975,0.0012927928,0.00059410697,0.0014449524,0.0017139252],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011468447,0.00012746529,0.000101517246,0.0611498,0.00017647221,0.00016263072,0.000054086227,0.0003836552,0.0095347725,0.0025066095,0.040602002,0.88508636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024882365,0.00023049052,0.0007242908,0.005902296,0.0003519931,0.0005122854,0.000042258005,0.00014066632,0.0026875788,0.00095548877,0.9883889,0.00003885931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011022871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021259927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037546519,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054228597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013505805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012560546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044035953","doi":"10.1007/s10570-020-03325-0","title":"A cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane with a stable three-layer structure for the treatment of drinking water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Materials science; Polyamide; Phase inversion; Regenerated cellulose; Covalent bond; Polymerization; Bacterial cellulose; Water treatment; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.02364315314225998,"score_gpt":0.2209274651411017,"score_spread":0.19728431199884172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044035953","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92856616,0.002860265,0.065141276,0.0003718726,0.00017615172,0.0000772393,0.00041347934,0.00035134985,0.0020421469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9398715,0.002048529,0.053599644,0.00018638154,0.000042419433,0.00007159238,0.0004987762,0.000059157777,0.0036219393],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990547,0.000007755827,0.000007168057,0.000021455224,0.0000398777,0.000018273124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999455,0.0000059544977,0.000012751758,0.00000417142,0.000014104091,0.000017480324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018844099,0.00030016442,0.00022830111,0.00018122376,0.00030056507,0.00026497678,0.0003467913,0.00060975546,0.00034395928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016514039,0.00012852886,0.00038333182,0.00021016346,0.00015715654,0.0004927489,0.00023036478,0.00048143812,0.00022140372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019049961,0.000014364466,0.00004915442,0.000040293326,0.000002972232,0.000031144704,0.000006978185,0.00009125826,0.99702615,0.00012409975,0.000060706814,0.0025338558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009353565,0.00009452821,0.0008329625,0.000004287347,0.000011387863,0.00012016315,0.000006879556,0.0030286696,0.9938553,0.00004935631,0.001976305,0.00001078171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017218122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021766205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017218122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005078396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005162282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036846995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044227038","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117459","title":"On the estimation of the leaked volume of an oil droplet undergoing breakup in crossflow filtration: CFD investigation, scaling, and a macroscopic model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Mechanics; Permeation; Scaling; Computational fluid dynamics; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Oil droplet; Work (physics); Materials science; Cross-flow filtration; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01784600911189121,"score_gpt":0.2550603056698086,"score_spread":0.23721429655791737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044227038","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31630257,0.0008669636,0.6782858,0.00039058278,0.00006370634,0.000077535005,0.00016247982,0.0004917549,0.003358635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9652708,0.00042189585,0.0333686,0.000030324962,0.000021333468,0.000031674204,0.00006675301,0.000068696434,0.0007199459],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982005,0.000047451667,0.000012606999,0.00005204816,0.00004978472,0.000018042081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987086,0.00092856225,0.00011617216,0.00009558122,0.00012502275,0.000026043723],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066922733,0.00048565833,0.0006229058,0.00069539575,0.00034493685,0.0009422783,0.000570621,0.0013053275,0.0004889092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034724409,0.00036694497,0.0007572421,0.0005010277,0.0007611499,0.0014679296,0.00065734814,0.00061538327,0.00012206304],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004759999,0.000039324954,0.0023670713,0.00008281366,0.000010556014,0.00014225919,0.0000676193,0.95457876,0.02229408,0.0037530917,0.00012667174,0.016490178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.399289e-7,0.0000064807355,0.00031323938,0.0000024429773,0.0000015447285,0.000013629719,0.0000042360593,0.9971656,0.002249689,0.00018646887,0.00005196664,0.0000038005521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008291574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025899296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008291574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008601397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006842822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016486645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044824625","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.0c02547","title":"Elucidating the Trade-off between Membrane Wetting Resistance and Water Vapor Flux in Membrane Distillation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Wetting; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Water vapor; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010692686411946246,"score_gpt":0.22025709221884818,"score_spread":0.20956440580690194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044824625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863686,0.0011631359,0.011862604,0.00010362458,0.000009627913,0.000030249073,0.000037509402,0.00003635651,0.00038823124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930033,0.0010184958,0.0056851516,0.000020455225,0.0000070748492,0.000017023554,0.00003009822,0.000011286897,0.00020699279],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972576,0.00006928186,0.00002079013,0.000050325096,0.000088907254,0.00004498911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993073,0.000450574,0.00013499583,0.000030252775,0.000056413915,0.00002046209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053041143,0.00038063002,0.0002786833,0.00021523469,0.00017695001,0.00038726768,0.00027900442,0.00043314914,0.00041359378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011392187,0.0002391577,0.0002363987,0.00020889685,0.00041280815,0.0007140689,0.00028920113,0.0005913422,0.00011692804],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016593096,0.000008454259,0.000184366,0.000030164334,0.0000040483865,0.000016046517,0.000012829576,0.00022296332,0.9982224,0.000046308887,0.0000048578786,0.0012310545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018842559,0.000083660496,0.00094147236,0.0000017937153,0.000005503492,0.000021897718,0.000011896423,0.0021063008,0.9966456,0.000030480733,0.00014537176,0.0000041033113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045169564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074485654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053041143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024252193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014585353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028051138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046168211","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c13029","title":"Toward Sustainable Tackling of Biofouling Implications and Improved Performance of TFC FO Membranes Modified by Ag-MOF Nanorods","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Nanorod; Materials science; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.016488934924140927,"score_gpt":0.2316534333522132,"score_spread":0.21516449842807228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046168211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97199833,0.006314459,0.019732568,0.00023009883,0.00006696015,0.000041492134,0.00020962968,0.0002354133,0.0011709528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768282,0.0018516893,0.019878084,0.00007123573,0.000015112845,0.00003983771,0.00014968011,0.000027370577,0.0011388948],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998498,0.00001327382,0.000011915757,0.00004171206,0.000046094756,0.00003718229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998847,0.000016767917,0.00002986942,0.000008993469,0.000045553374,0.000014029292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020729209,0.0005132674,0.00032180725,0.00026969198,0.0001675917,0.000314053,0.00029493828,0.00073632074,0.0003534241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021843711,0.00017619174,0.00036872405,0.0001207066,0.00015235128,0.00042381344,0.00019268057,0.00037889677,0.00019481685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008259211,0.000004131337,0.00005492906,0.000042922642,0.0000032062135,0.000015048739,0.0000043946116,0.00004349077,0.9990109,0.0000268464,0.000011019294,0.0007747595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014133163,0.00003188293,0.0003748623,0.0000034577529,0.0000063906,0.000040273062,0.000008794092,0.0007166767,0.99826825,0.000012151041,0.00053291937,0.0000028730506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083836715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011099703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083836715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004243471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018550412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030788183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048406336","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127866","title":"Effect of Fe2+ ions on gypsum precipitation during bulk crystallization of reverse osmosis concentrates","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"KU Leuven","keywords":"Gypsum; Crystallization; Precipitation; Supersaturation; Chemistry; Nucleation; Classical nucleation theory; Citric acid; Reverse osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Inorganic chemistry; Desalination; Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Materials science; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008732379253705085,"score_gpt":0.22746261305608323,"score_spread":0.21873023380237813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048406336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977858,0.00033680146,0.0006405688,0.00005943204,0.000026459622,0.000013887504,0.00016365515,0.00003247929,0.0009410333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998033,0.00021640705,0.00071914366,0.000032645385,0.000013321349,0.000007732153,0.00014843383,0.00003063868,0.0007987293],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969995,0.000057023677,0.000028099896,0.000060933857,0.000058838577,0.00009508139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995129,0.00025995402,0.00006368054,0.000034479435,0.00009090751,0.000038102924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036584676,0.0003038192,0.00040714827,0.00011974647,0.00030295405,0.00045830003,0.00030542898,0.00030954127,0.0014274298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008538935,0.0001921903,0.0002221309,0.00022050017,0.00028448785,0.00030874784,0.00021032563,0.00052913994,0.00026847312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015710021,0.000078283934,0.00056873076,0.00009288835,0.000026930233,0.00010284402,0.00010897274,0.00031553544,0.9944344,0.00003599212,0.00012588606,0.0025385886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010780891,0.00011770245,0.0010250558,0.0000033445867,0.000009179584,0.000017547392,0.000021329539,0.0004661411,0.99801767,0.000006082682,0.00030143152,0.0000037309744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032446093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0047253314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032446093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048064208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050236855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006451428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080802904","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2020.08.012","title":"Can the time-lag method be used for the characterization of liquid permeation membranes?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.017798734679352116,"score_gpt":0.23507550069680086,"score_spread":0.21727676601744875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3080802904","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22301689,0.053162977,0.7006062,0.009387851,0.003739778,0.0003857277,0.0006660803,0.0011834902,0.007850975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7117405,0.061578114,0.20433797,0.0051187575,0.0007692523,0.00046091998,0.00086031813,0.0004729433,0.014661325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868864,0.00038864755,0.000057523273,0.00024490364,0.0003749365,0.00024539366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978933,0.0008427271,0.00037480117,0.00028568326,0.000514692,0.00008877493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003957976,0.001130396,0.0012777604,0.001061079,0.0004527345,0.00185213,0.0015934849,0.0033388264,0.0023979738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006849299,0.0005461393,0.0011267998,0.001020046,0.0017279662,0.0045751543,0.00058235775,0.0016796011,0.0025760392],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059241446,0.0003023102,0.0037248605,0.0011689442,0.0001317387,0.00022327891,0.0001312604,0.0016078725,0.9163472,0.0060785487,0.0015760032,0.06811558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005176295,0.0010730356,0.0034218263,0.0001932788,0.00010590218,0.00077141024,0.00038658213,0.0141752465,0.9371631,0.010148713,0.03232501,0.00018413093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023576498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026298387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003957976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054892845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013250724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020932019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081099123","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00608d","title":"Dynamic monitoring and proactive fouling management in a pilot scale gas-sparged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"American Water (Canada)","funders":"Engineer Research and Development Center; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Bioreactor; Fouling; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane; SCALE-UP; Scale (ratio); Environmental science; Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Biology; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03589943626097788,"score_gpt":0.30118098315262365,"score_spread":0.2652815468916458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081099123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99822885,0.000088165565,0.0014681255,0.000019446155,0.0000039505676,0.00000930254,0.000053601794,0.000037988888,0.00009049966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962249,0.00014531164,0.0031989755,0.00001801857,0.000003737979,0.00001759867,0.00011777957,0.0000045255956,0.00026926195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999736,0.00004399993,0.000019434623,0.000055581997,0.00010504785,0.000039976447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998741,0.000032437663,0.000023700035,0.000015411099,0.000034569188,0.000019787885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032987114,0.00028162726,0.00049885485,0.00020120053,0.00029928517,0.00040219183,0.00030255516,0.00033866143,0.0002320149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030990978,0.00013921648,0.00025123183,0.00018307938,0.00015988387,0.00035791387,0.00026723326,0.00030130727,0.000104917686],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026356758,0.00006716811,0.0018091307,0.000020873555,0.0000066310563,0.000047540692,0.000024944427,0.00049977336,0.99354905,0.000007105108,0.000018815132,0.0036855072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018001554,0.0014722219,0.018975975,0.000004030196,0.000028728844,0.000119189994,0.000118176205,0.005984771,0.9726624,0.000022079685,0.00057686254,0.00001761965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030147946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026626254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030147946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028170997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031395358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059944987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081111112","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118634","title":"Effects of surfactant addition to draw solution on the performance of osmotic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Pulmonary surfactant; Osmotic pressure; Sodium; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Osmosis; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Sodium propionate; Ionic bonding; Reverse osmosis; Propionate; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Ion","score_opus":0.013850076193613952,"score_gpt":0.22477180324078114,"score_spread":0.2109217270471672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081111112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971322,0.0009948115,0.0008328208,0.00009226881,0.000075121825,0.000015923028,0.00017199968,0.00005355935,0.0006312462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974185,0.0006328741,0.0008792651,0.000065622226,0.000018193012,0.000012589077,0.0001338775,0.000020546804,0.00081850094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994461,0.00010382785,0.00010862341,0.00010665907,0.00012501798,0.00010981393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990872,0.00042356327,0.00013785574,0.00004639823,0.00022741662,0.00007765923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004530598,0.0005098556,0.0005105189,0.0002690422,0.00030103137,0.0008478449,0.0004571562,0.0007364415,0.0010607226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001482414,0.00029095868,0.00032765334,0.00037641713,0.00024417296,0.0006908785,0.00026675037,0.00067178183,0.00041840918],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007933123,0.000087646215,0.00028052754,0.000079309626,0.000014803493,0.000076310396,0.000052232135,0.0002034742,0.9965443,0.000023039425,0.000039914543,0.001805096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007225342,0.00020667892,0.00052438286,0.0000034240422,0.000017001048,0.000014453558,0.00002335953,0.00036611088,0.9986272,0.0000053878634,0.00019938104,0.0000054194434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016001131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016709556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016001131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038983888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045075428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003548503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081211509","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2020.110124","title":"Three-dimension oxygen gradient induced low energy input for grey water treatment in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Aeration; Oxygen; Wastewater; Hydraulic retention time; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Chemical engineering; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Biofilm; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06652054515474827,"score_gpt":0.3024043447052513,"score_spread":0.23588379955050304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081211509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979273,0.00009609665,0.0014399467,0.000062026615,0.000013176514,0.000005635361,0.000035319128,0.00003077717,0.00038970658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989416,0.00006263909,0.00066623185,0.000011516878,0.0000016470559,0.0000041178264,0.000015716503,0.0000044190638,0.00029215697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999938,0.0000049640603,0.000003118826,0.000012447151,0.000024977142,0.00001648305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995244,0.00001394362,0.000009256927,0.000003903533,0.000009392145,0.000010999407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009948307,0.00021261329,0.00033220593,0.00010466527,0.0002242801,0.0004329454,0.00025912983,0.00033700565,0.0005658805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013094673,0.00013162839,0.0002882748,0.000107381304,0.0002741364,0.0002643253,0.0003640807,0.00047724182,0.000121618046],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101039026,0.000021998274,0.00014598947,0.000028632856,0.000003243598,0.000028370017,0.000028549312,0.00059212133,0.9978775,0.000110142006,0.000037470396,0.0010250481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034008106,0.0002604784,0.0021706463,0.0000036518004,0.000011780986,0.000021754686,0.000061078776,0.010654472,0.98632544,0.00009903093,0.00034545353,0.000012276485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014138604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00224269,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014138604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004289197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037808547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003112018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081234615","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128070","title":"Forward osmosis with direct contact membrane distillation using tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate as an effective and safe thermo-recyclable osmotic agent for seawater desalination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy; National Research Foundation of Korea; Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Ministry of Education; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Lower critical solution temperature; Membrane distillation; Forward osmosis; Chromatography; Cloud point; Desalination; Membrane; Osmosis; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014366528476034597,"score_gpt":0.23976943450364807,"score_spread":0.22540290602761348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081234615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778998,0.001121432,0.018152587,0.00023563817,0.00016570285,0.000040524134,0.0001281332,0.0002907388,0.0019655945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98753184,0.0011006284,0.0069912276,0.000050648727,0.000028138853,0.000022024262,0.0001032505,0.000028838334,0.004143408],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986005,0.00001502701,0.000009702427,0.000026808197,0.000067199915,0.000021184793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999337,0.000011527349,0.000018673496,0.000008794066,0.000018391127,0.00000887692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019611251,0.00041244703,0.00024465908,0.00017135688,0.00024227142,0.00029288742,0.0003917625,0.00031618963,0.00067736884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019094968,0.0002320804,0.0002616674,0.0001833645,0.0003010167,0.00060156407,0.0005031677,0.0005891203,0.0004194129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049896145,0.000015304717,0.00006855383,0.000040468873,0.0000041749804,0.000037918464,0.000017432058,0.00009322788,0.99608,0.00016213923,0.00009491525,0.0033361567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002922287,0.000032185788,0.00013474087,9.04133e-7,0.0000038308253,0.000039419436,0.000003906591,0.00059409766,0.9986363,0.0000135507025,0.0005347869,0.0000033302601],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008170284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013222061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008170284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003081068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047415457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022660494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081972806","doi":"10.3390/membranes10090213","title":"Ozone Chemically Enhanced Backwash for Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Cyanobacteria-Laden Water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ozone; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Cyanobacteria; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Water treatment; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Bacteria; Geology","score_opus":0.014139552767376834,"score_gpt":0.22699151313175867,"score_spread":0.21285196036438184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081972806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960664,0.001065567,0.0023544922,0.00004120993,0.000024725241,0.000016537675,0.00005030968,0.000026680362,0.0003540959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957302,0.00078880135,0.002797236,0.000023995193,0.0000043588943,0.000008363496,0.000045082343,0.0000052384858,0.00059665536],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998721,0.000013379885,0.000008174351,0.000021778176,0.000060109738,0.000024442419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999461,0.000008410417,0.000016794776,0.0000039112147,0.000016549859,0.000008206647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014069474,0.0002471327,0.00021289426,0.0002029856,0.00019971961,0.00026554454,0.00020657173,0.00023608877,0.000379401],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014109779,0.000096022166,0.000260211,0.00012940001,0.00016851371,0.00021887179,0.00022153485,0.00030544092,0.00007575356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031152736,0.000010737992,0.00014795785,0.00003931602,0.000003831032,0.000008868036,0.0000068549357,0.00007800713,0.9982387,0.000018330087,0.000010271221,0.0014059957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047287176,0.00015905051,0.002093991,0.000003196335,0.000011531628,0.000020871226,0.000020447756,0.0006495784,0.9964982,0.000009286801,0.00052533596,0.0000036642562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031238608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006838137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031238608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034134547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002921155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062113404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3082032732","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2020.104426","title":"Investigating the efficacy of PVDF membranes customized with sulfonated graphene oxide nanosheets for enhanced permeability and antifouling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Graphene; Materials science; Oxide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Bovine serum albumin; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.008941607826624828,"score_gpt":0.19949467272671584,"score_spread":0.190553064900091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3082032732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99881256,0.00023198489,0.0005792942,0.000026843474,0.000016617241,0.0000061726387,0.000050425013,0.000013184115,0.0002628904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99828255,0.00026567018,0.00084376923,0.000024438426,0.000005745589,0.000010121224,0.000063957734,0.000005270418,0.0004984743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984837,0.000015556134,0.000011884927,0.00003028082,0.00004699638,0.00004691166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980253,0.000062552484,0.000045371315,0.000015776684,0.000056401735,0.000017426897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024890006,0.0003343452,0.00015447824,0.00014034462,0.00013359595,0.0002409675,0.00023988006,0.00052851386,0.0005189629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004221429,0.00011763315,0.0002728855,0.00013465517,0.000159467,0.0005535611,0.00014620484,0.0003378372,0.000121515004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007718374,0.00002296439,0.0000853789,0.000042839103,0.000005711107,0.000027498307,0.000012355064,0.00009973441,0.9987006,0.000034880995,0.000019083522,0.00087176217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033824276,0.00009470303,0.0004752771,0.0000012241628,0.0000071882478,0.00001662398,0.000010229147,0.00054348307,0.99867463,0.0000072235703,0.0001633998,0.0000027713772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004893825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006566231,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00052851386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001942502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001161743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017361641},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3082615682","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118681","title":"Polyamide reverse osmosis membranes containing 1D nanochannels for enhanced water purification","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Permeability (electromagnetism); Osmotic power; Layer (electronics); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.02692729193642586,"score_gpt":0.26277053449887605,"score_spread":0.2358432425624502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3082615682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97188574,0.0029388005,0.02140272,0.00023592969,0.00016721465,0.000043833392,0.00021109548,0.00044684653,0.0026678927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97944415,0.001490252,0.016255612,0.00010307606,0.00002389487,0.000046652676,0.00012703554,0.000041151252,0.002468196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985766,0.000014043959,0.000010549944,0.000036365887,0.000045465124,0.000035921756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988437,0.00002858363,0.000034036966,0.000012021465,0.00002939884,0.000011526362],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021129969,0.00027714015,0.0002353148,0.00016124478,0.0001971839,0.0003097544,0.00023765091,0.00039392785,0.00063400884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026379884,0.0001676665,0.00024736562,0.00011736504,0.00016725055,0.00060844724,0.0002957924,0.00044253917,0.00028833363],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023381344,0.000007585963,0.000041767467,0.000042276053,0.0000031502236,0.000014349901,0.000011400516,0.0001379316,0.997326,0.00020556296,0.000089365865,0.002097254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038977523,0.000032233125,0.00023161355,0.0000035581147,0.0000062037698,0.000029283008,0.0000061360447,0.0013642777,0.99669456,0.00002936988,0.0015930282,0.000005817224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008786417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018429233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008786417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005726844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040024845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041550994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083800441","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00461h","title":"Coagulation/flocculation prior to low pressure membranes in drinking water treatment: a review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; Vancouver Biotech (Canada); Toronto Public Health","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Flocculation; Coagulation; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Engineering; Biochemistry; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.05609013769674251,"score_gpt":0.36412000821535234,"score_spread":0.30802987051860986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083800441","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00016481496,0.9991541,0.00009939458,0.000049297636,0.0000825643,0.00000687878,0.0000196589,0.0000038245857,0.0004193943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00060424174,0.9988373,0.00016779634,0.00005900973,0.000037102218,0.0000065634995,0.000024577272,0.0000010153998,0.00026247327],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997794,0.000031330106,0.000038392816,0.00004400306,0.000084171144,0.000022808335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955136,0.0002106964,0.00008884132,0.000011859118,0.00011479862,0.000022376928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070261623,0.0010337235,0.0017141602,0.0028755905,0.00026212158,0.0008573687,0.0007149741,0.0010477273,0.003392315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007867549,0.00039860903,0.00089033064,0.0031704456,0.0002979184,0.0012041355,0.0005837309,0.0009717145,0.0014461702],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101595244,0.00010765888,0.00013356151,0.1224975,0.00031810693,0.0001745574,0.000064679625,0.0005549693,0.005397729,0.00279832,0.013407288,0.8544441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004054507,0.00040724513,0.0015417995,0.018258275,0.0011122712,0.000981145,0.00009077184,0.00016790518,0.0030620324,0.0012555469,0.9730276,0.000054808374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015624058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028889491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003392315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040384656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013452453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011348426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083949612","doi":"10.1038/s41598-020-71755-8","title":"Case studies of clinical hemodialysis membranes: influences of membrane morphology and biocompatibility on uremic blood-membrane interactions and inflammatory biomarkers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Paul's Hospital; University of Alberta; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Membrane; Hemodialysis; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05882472592481697,"score_gpt":0.338570244673895,"score_spread":0.27974551874907805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083949612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99338466,0.0015776915,0.0018256479,0.00034210892,0.000020532712,0.00007812862,0.00008453996,0.000016876578,0.0026697866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968286,0.0007491326,0.0013609023,0.00012923474,0.000021050506,0.000013435652,0.00003951286,0.000006712802,0.0008514206],"study_design_codex":"case_report","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992567,0.00012659306,0.00006543972,0.00013783335,0.0002668351,0.00014663751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895537,0.00036987595,0.00032553368,0.000087119115,0.00012292796,0.00013911322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059569255,0.0005412449,0.00037634737,0.001114778,0.0014208839,0.0010203734,0.0004832715,0.0017446314,0.0014899699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025638228,0.00032753497,0.00051702844,0.0006263034,0.0009865838,0.00057142053,0.0005698547,0.0008547568,0.00020184652],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064571504,0.00046545887,0.20145188,0.00041078212,0.00011222782,0.7472436,0.005577972,0.0004930492,0.023311937,0.0020865037,0.0010084853,0.017192338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015410216,0.0005681637,0.06718245,0.00009954912,0.00012309487,0.88901967,0.0047684,0.0014322564,0.029091585,0.0004385541,0.007210762,0.00005012418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007241414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0076504843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007241414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001301517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00073466427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014398575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084422453","doi":"10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105742","title":"A case study of poly (aryl ether sulfone) hemodialysis membrane interactions with human blood: Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental analyses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation","keywords":"Hemodialysis; Membrane; Chemistry; Human serum albumin; Attenuated total reflection; Materials science; Medicine; Infrared spectroscopy; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Surgery","score_opus":0.1058781029728596,"score_gpt":0.4207964232250604,"score_spread":0.3149183202522008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084422453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9864737,0.00021815873,0.007022319,0.00036786267,0.000026263908,0.00007887612,0.00020273152,0.00009637358,0.005513737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921071,0.00013231239,0.0041611698,0.000045653782,0.000009094326,0.00003709857,0.00008927263,0.000014368615,0.0034038771],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999811,0.00004867733,0.000006515135,0.000030028725,0.00006505018,0.000038654292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994017,0.0004116122,0.000032974873,0.00003630323,0.00006962417,0.000047801776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003585947,0.00036624217,0.00050576066,0.0003441822,0.0009899433,0.00062546734,0.00086393696,0.0021850285,0.0030760658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009172168,0.00027162425,0.00045800064,0.0004126376,0.00050834083,0.0004910048,0.0004506675,0.0004887226,0.00030201132],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008927391,0.0014620235,0.018449131,0.00032788553,0.00013792106,0.00860034,0.00093978015,0.8931374,0.05082944,0.0051107123,0.0031523409,0.01696038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007656434,0.00057569036,0.0063445573,0.000010663112,0.000042681666,0.00081534975,0.0005070384,0.9662217,0.022208974,0.000790891,0.0023648487,0.000041014548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010144336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074181557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010144336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005914211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006010741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02017057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088243959","doi":"10.1007/s11356-020-10884-z","title":"Sulfate removal using colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration: performance evaluation and adsorption studies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Sulfate; Adsorption; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.13873272778716847,"score_gpt":0.3824741910636269,"score_spread":0.24374146327645843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3088243959","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99752575,0.00076488336,0.0012719511,0.000019680656,0.000016969056,0.000015316673,0.00005371546,0.000019697743,0.00031201926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99426347,0.0013714377,0.002717794,0.000022124288,0.000014604448,0.0000151320955,0.00018482989,0.00001855102,0.0013921235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997192,0.000044826415,0.00002043058,0.000041183856,0.00011872024,0.00005563144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997807,0.000052652886,0.000022780107,0.000014021039,0.00010488817,0.00002501824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053644844,0.00051183207,0.00064753985,0.00028174167,0.00047873944,0.00044550793,0.00038232942,0.00049672794,0.0002842807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052591355,0.00015981453,0.00060208526,0.00037737988,0.00022284874,0.00034833685,0.00022587071,0.00034458173,0.00017255906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037035803,0.00008990971,0.000370594,0.00007815843,0.00001869382,0.000024562045,0.000033398388,0.00034905344,0.99512744,0.000019635549,0.0000367287,0.0034814123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012087099,0.0007147427,0.0027759026,0.000002366723,0.000023934626,0.00004505393,0.000021237041,0.00176308,0.99422234,0.000011801675,0.00039646853,0.000010891391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010069661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074058915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010069661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059410103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058877375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020022094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089392441","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05127","title":"Development of superhydrophillic tannic acid-crosslinked graphene oxide membranes for efficient treatment of oil contaminated water with enhanced stability","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Tides Canada","keywords":"Tannic acid; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Water treatment; Contaminated water; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Water contamination; Chemistry; Contamination; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.024171018790225984,"score_gpt":0.23701691425142643,"score_spread":0.21284589546120045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3089392441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9787917,0.004164486,0.015068789,0.00018331246,0.000059953414,0.00005132833,0.00016650725,0.00012200766,0.0013919016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98126686,0.0023965335,0.014371928,0.00006789183,0.000011274438,0.000030732856,0.00015175967,0.000015094766,0.0016879425],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999447,0.000006745767,0.000004100452,0.000009715405,0.000021131738,0.000013695104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999646,0.0000044690705,0.0000101674605,0.0000026252826,0.000009593531,0.000008669479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011680691,0.00026811808,0.00015481724,0.00024680022,0.00012802942,0.00019298818,0.00022212771,0.00047065638,0.00033280218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011496395,0.00012828862,0.000298388,0.00015740596,0.00010353661,0.00034354342,0.00021162591,0.0003808429,0.00014672075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008575339,0.000008848671,0.000028329388,0.000030333376,0.0000036531242,0.000024294372,0.0000062310687,0.00011423943,0.9985127,0.000066517685,0.000014535803,0.0011818201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041907547,0.00008357094,0.0006648977,0.000004756289,0.000008593165,0.000054283544,0.000010835132,0.0015870181,0.9962436,0.00004172763,0.0012917891,0.0000048879983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005458897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001299162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005458897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019679828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016449761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014278889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090331079","doi":"10.1002/app.49867","title":"Cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes customized with copper oxide nanoparticles for efficient separation with antifouling behavior","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Cellulose acetate; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Phase inversion; Nanoparticle; Permeation; Copper; Oxide; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.014508587183682121,"score_gpt":0.2494600586058649,"score_spread":0.23495147142218278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090331079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839139,0.0011728312,0.013313686,0.000101893595,0.000038646904,0.00002822457,0.00015123995,0.00021384563,0.0010657267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852785,0.0005613805,0.011956677,0.00004902412,0.000009140931,0.00003306144,0.00016591985,0.000027701453,0.0019185602],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998902,0.000009154682,0.000008746161,0.000028832006,0.000035260044,0.000027862468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998976,0.000012042783,0.000036582416,0.0000074186573,0.000026859208,0.000019519424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014843553,0.00038355586,0.00023920492,0.00025108096,0.00021635191,0.00034691047,0.00023392965,0.0003777614,0.00031734598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001932176,0.00016863023,0.00030802426,0.00022856334,0.00014909075,0.0003391386,0.00015194289,0.00031151384,0.00015521323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008987071,0.0000055597316,0.000031495958,0.000011656861,0.0000017304429,0.000010339606,0.0000028418276,0.000026490401,0.9995078,0.000016035814,0.00001273201,0.00036434623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030909262,0.000024779378,0.00089011376,0.0000016996681,0.0000067498254,0.000044315882,0.0000054297857,0.0008759687,0.9975508,0.000006905229,0.00058659754,0.0000034431891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022721402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030294028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022721402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005200801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002871934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045177937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092523887","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2020.10.003","title":"Thin film nanocomposite RO membranes: Review on fabrication techniques and impacts of nanofiller characteristics on membrane properties","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Desalination; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Nanomaterials; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.016820925647887917,"score_gpt":0.2199074543300487,"score_spread":0.2030865286821608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092523887","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006085595,0.98936605,0.0028078705,0.00020566226,0.0001759146,0.000011897274,0.00006260005,0.000028461036,0.001255915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017789664,0.9744958,0.0047536017,0.00027866737,0.00023414798,0.000024723795,0.00012960844,0.00001727198,0.0022765945],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977404,0.000024211055,0.000032001502,0.00006079975,0.00008845814,0.000020479007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995858,0.00022601862,0.000076453565,0.000015484831,0.00008491126,0.000011251721],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005951974,0.0006923074,0.0008220796,0.00096077524,0.0001226492,0.000540542,0.0005411898,0.000695716,0.00068482663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057555013,0.0002981642,0.00045454878,0.0010508097,0.00015571767,0.000994433,0.00027581767,0.0007226573,0.0003906234],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019695915,0.00019142056,0.00033663347,0.027308855,0.00021550583,0.0002722332,0.00007931086,0.0008641535,0.33629858,0.0022392983,0.0049874764,0.6270095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033506065,0.0008296141,0.0032640658,0.0033888079,0.00072255696,0.0020146363,0.00013980354,0.0018182583,0.3713801,0.0015568563,0.6147495,0.000102329184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042500714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00088039984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096077524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022486487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003954977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031477213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092719443","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118793","title":"Fouling of nanofiltration membranes based on polyelectrolyte multilayers: The effect of a zwitterionic final layer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wetsus; Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu; European Commission; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyelectrolyte; Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Chemistry; Surface charge; Sulfonate; Humic acid; Polyelectrolyte adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Allylamine; Membrane fouling; Acrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Sodium; Polymer; Monomer; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.021553028379530083,"score_gpt":0.2648253227923759,"score_spread":0.24327229441284584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092719443","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99584347,0.0011638597,0.0026264703,0.000042862677,0.000019969662,0.000016063099,0.000031056745,0.000021589265,0.00023465733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993222,0.001195846,0.0050636297,0.000042863292,0.000013808804,0.000018348626,0.000058006535,0.000017579423,0.00036789867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969053,0.000056603243,0.000031286476,0.00005620454,0.00009983203,0.00006542375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967515,0.00009745545,0.000101431906,0.000018344232,0.00007490005,0.00003271451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038032446,0.0006142193,0.00035506795,0.00017197266,0.00022595235,0.00034904672,0.0002005193,0.00048722763,0.00020439559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054089015,0.00015297401,0.00038988807,0.00013754469,0.00019058134,0.00052981294,0.00025668906,0.00040610152,0.00010720593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016045067,0.000006468516,0.0000843452,0.000031163232,0.000006103452,0.000013832083,0.000012699801,0.00004248612,0.99932766,0.000007157229,0.0000031413626,0.00044892755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014708594,0.000089610774,0.0006162366,0.0000029789664,0.000011573101,0.000029753477,0.0000099451845,0.00037183904,0.99869055,0.00000477466,0.00016854516,0.0000027934668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075190945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091440236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075190945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002739877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017957695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020113587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092730123","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123933","title":"Prediction of surface charge properties on the basis of contact angle titration models","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Streaming current; Isoelectric point; Zeta potential; Contact angle; Surface charge; Titration; Context (archaeology); Materials science; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Electrokinetic phenomena; Physical chemistry; Physics; Geometry; Composite material","score_opus":0.04473125936791024,"score_gpt":0.19900863629606533,"score_spread":0.15427737692815507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092730123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71437,0.00039447242,0.2785479,0.0002273426,0.000060259554,0.00008096724,0.00035040095,0.000672159,0.0052964427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991197,0.00015315763,0.0076580825,0.000018645007,0.0000084485055,0.000032764474,0.00011523178,0.000027922497,0.0007887455],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991906,0.000018748076,0.0000031883324,0.000015860322,0.000029673569,0.000013483812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953485,0.00033258458,0.000022994798,0.00003260916,0.000059873873,0.000017144583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002948497,0.000505969,0.00054700614,0.00027555824,0.00018035377,0.0004117221,0.00055708835,0.00073443877,0.00094179995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011298755,0.00024767313,0.00039429945,0.00021855565,0.00020247839,0.00070683693,0.00018630817,0.00062969077,0.00030289774],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009644512,0.000104140614,0.0012174442,0.00007853258,0.000026014679,0.00007488345,0.00002393848,0.9406816,0.04380066,0.0035151115,0.00034820003,0.01003306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021390888,0.000006593346,0.00010890736,4.7494956e-7,0.0000010640968,0.0000023516766,6.863796e-7,0.9976991,0.0017926992,0.0003607471,0.000023886338,0.0000014445641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033590675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016366582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033590675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044771194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034192146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006679058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093308315","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.abc8605","title":"Autonomous atmospheric water seeping MOF matrix","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":232,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Sorption; Matrix (chemical analysis); Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Composite material; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.011173259787144861,"score_gpt":0.2604974451366472,"score_spread":0.24932418534950232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093308315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756064,0.0007844559,0.016949419,0.00015042274,0.00006644281,0.000079145604,0.0006177215,0.00090877933,0.004837281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97679126,0.00063769723,0.015089119,0.000069642,0.000016366495,0.000087910485,0.00034152195,0.00008614456,0.006880375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989533,0.000004402947,0.0000026425555,0.000029781615,0.00004196418,0.000025835954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993646,0.000011211316,0.000016136875,0.0000069455677,0.000015287502,0.0000140136235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008326776,0.00035214843,0.00016558393,0.0001617903,0.00025687416,0.00026738897,0.0002625568,0.00037156977,0.001654083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012217424,0.00013018356,0.00017741919,0.00011337614,0.00017654942,0.00032052372,0.00032533502,0.0004200403,0.0005111692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012480941,0.0000067670358,0.0000897208,0.000028441256,0.0000035243113,0.000040250954,0.000015350284,0.000082265484,0.99699926,0.00014956984,0.00012970917,0.002442719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052638957,0.00007720587,0.0007774532,0.0000039403485,0.0000055662863,0.00008038115,0.000016110502,0.0012846115,0.99023014,0.00003614731,0.007475261,0.000007885956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001256503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033886738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001654083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028390368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018884552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005533457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093342902","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.110079","title":"Investigation on the stability and antifouling properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-zwitterion mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) using molecular dynamics simulation (MDS)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Materials Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Zwitterion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Molecular dynamics; Hydrogen bond; Nanoparticle; Interaction energy; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.06845268791627879,"score_gpt":0.264241162510344,"score_spread":0.19578847459406523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093342902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99561715,0.00019958624,0.0030611071,0.000045600493,0.000008828432,0.0000066726866,0.00012975762,0.000032241427,0.0008990465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961909,0.00018217825,0.003018007,0.000008622146,0.0000020854334,0.000014730026,0.00014220893,0.000010054167,0.00043114723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996686,0.0000041085445,0.000002025418,0.0000063861994,0.000012877222,0.000007764421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999335,0.000026719401,0.00001056621,0.000004336604,0.000020399093,0.0000044568615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013359888,0.0001975126,0.00015502833,0.00015913906,0.000271711,0.00018112946,0.00023433594,0.0002817258,0.0008462012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024271764,0.00010154537,0.00026842832,0.0001627195,0.00011160753,0.00028610326,0.00013170448,0.0002662813,0.000111874986],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040630443,0.00017537725,0.0068883155,0.00037154538,0.000105074476,0.00037759973,0.00020192248,0.21132782,0.7563889,0.005546999,0.0005530004,0.01765719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021616768,0.00023477954,0.0028122005,0.00000869978,0.000034833156,0.000054372023,0.000071070135,0.82442266,0.17077932,0.00042092765,0.0011231607,0.000016359043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003486259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026535466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003486259,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024174094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034815937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006931901},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093586554","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118859","title":"Formation of electrically conductive hollow fiber membranes via crossflow deposition of carbon nanotubes – Addressing the conductivity/permeability trade-off","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Conductivity; Polyvinyl alcohol; Composite material; Permeability (electromagnetism); Electrical conductor; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03677060579652931,"score_gpt":0.27490332906933146,"score_spread":0.23813272327280216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093586554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9818149,0.0012715099,0.013522059,0.00024248847,0.000068427944,0.000021436594,0.00004833751,0.00010279061,0.002907963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99108875,0.00051420013,0.0070565976,0.000048438385,0.000016658209,0.000011126377,0.000040536914,0.000020393722,0.0012033576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998517,0.00001718145,0.000010920871,0.00003459424,0.000051975105,0.000033563636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999814,0.000058498765,0.000061024384,0.000017097522,0.000031233845,0.000018251527],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026840786,0.00023096938,0.00016676611,0.0001905301,0.00026670637,0.00037296236,0.00023579833,0.0006322559,0.00051140605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039320547,0.00020321547,0.00024521045,0.00011845711,0.00022589635,0.0006622573,0.0003427684,0.00046649418,0.00018275323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015578344,0.000009550135,0.000031474974,0.00003158319,0.0000031188615,0.00002966021,0.0000140732445,0.00021220853,0.99793553,0.00042507245,0.000034687648,0.0012575003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017171561,0.000024386109,0.00014405674,0.0000018481734,0.0000021249634,0.000029699197,0.000004834677,0.0014827482,0.99777883,0.00006334838,0.00046391942,0.0000025786517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028126713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069654325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006322559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003892866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020286274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002824545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094389399","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2020.104611","title":"Synchrotron based Micro Tomography (SR-μCT), Experimental, and Computational Studies to Investigate the Influences of Cross Flow Air Injection in Ultrafiltration Process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan; Global Institute for Water Security","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Polysulfone; Scanning electron microscope; Microscope; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Optics","score_opus":0.012636359047045794,"score_gpt":0.2530948830086628,"score_spread":0.240458523961617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094389399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.979657,0.00046548608,0.017943762,0.00011100468,0.000018228739,0.000017551369,0.00016466514,0.00012753053,0.0014947024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99390805,0.0002264484,0.005413145,0.000012923989,0.0000027221404,0.000011867209,0.000095686606,0.000012891639,0.00031622464],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986327,0.000020086578,0.000009837746,0.000021437076,0.00006705616,0.000018232004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996598,0.0001530459,0.00005197643,0.00003376753,0.00009019767,0.000011279521],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005753524,0.0003038887,0.0003470469,0.00021020113,0.00034017194,0.0005229157,0.00040228615,0.00040900972,0.0009726714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000569075,0.00021601182,0.0003745797,0.0004999633,0.00034706527,0.0006923048,0.00022462936,0.00039164338,0.000093146016],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006915131,0.0005603984,0.011823826,0.0005654021,0.000065756576,0.00026312892,0.0002064982,0.17293411,0.78510153,0.0035548348,0.0005940598,0.023638926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029061695,0.0002978243,0.01106088,0.000013005439,0.000059454924,0.000074179865,0.000118638505,0.5917775,0.39503822,0.00048114947,0.0010208583,0.000029197596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025421446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032308258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025421446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004533039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00070919277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050546527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095394418","doi":"10.1002/wer.1475","title":"Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment: Challenges and opportunities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and Trade","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Methane; Biogas; Fouling; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering","score_opus":0.2936900787409884,"score_gpt":0.36439442602173894,"score_spread":0.07070434728075053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095394418","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009189163,0.9321774,0.019580014,0.02432167,0.00196032,0.000056827586,0.0001454682,0.000192099,0.012377056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.043245554,0.9295027,0.016564114,0.0035956223,0.0012474105,0.00007836114,0.00022662226,0.000046720852,0.005492841],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833244,0.00040810634,0.000106898464,0.0002232982,0.00078450877,0.00014480476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983821,0.0005122651,0.00021611124,0.000056524626,0.0007068143,0.0001261665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027805034,0.0009093085,0.001147242,0.0010727502,0.0007120503,0.0025276886,0.0012495981,0.002617864,0.0034623689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016294593,0.00043477348,0.0011032993,0.0015033573,0.0008194599,0.00420309,0.0013518365,0.0026188341,0.0024631815],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024854325,0.00027683648,0.0021877429,0.023245962,0.0001739104,0.001224658,0.0005494048,0.0036958908,0.09575282,0.025372515,0.054251958,0.79301983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029232382,0.00054299063,0.0019193594,0.0035798473,0.00013799508,0.0018152903,0.0011596316,0.0044832863,0.0336361,0.018244054,0.9343255,0.00012673422],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016905328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037740113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034623689,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012021839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019631446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0147048235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095958510","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118004","title":"Dissolved methane recovery from anaerobically treated wastewaters using solvent-based membrane contactor: An experimental and modelling study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Methane; Solvent; Chemistry; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.04349783723206156,"score_gpt":0.2873798318550502,"score_spread":0.24388199462298865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095958510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99854195,0.00007354567,0.0009529633,0.000013168733,0.0000023499267,0.000006671425,0.000069440925,0.00001095623,0.00032884182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989035,0.00011248283,0.00043436087,0.0000022016475,0.0000011078182,0.000008932477,0.000047405138,0.0000025266047,0.0004875558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984396,0.000024931694,0.000011375961,0.000034131674,0.00006028941,0.000025370675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998179,0.00010116505,0.00001846294,0.0000133827325,0.00004145811,0.0000075838266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026445635,0.00041898535,0.00057016866,0.00025032347,0.0004225943,0.00058956665,0.000505759,0.000743089,0.000615181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041164676,0.00018656149,0.0005271683,0.00039302462,0.00025888658,0.00044103237,0.00022856615,0.0002943043,0.00013616949],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020756735,0.00063900405,0.009513854,0.00052099634,0.00006601641,0.0003339312,0.00018004446,0.11871327,0.8546125,0.0004776326,0.0002012633,0.012665816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000117515556,0.0013334353,0.010563614,0.000010284653,0.000074377196,0.00009940493,0.000184441,0.2937214,0.69286203,0.00016293541,0.00083136256,0.00003918764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019099167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012304396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019099167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009004158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005149215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.037976027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096700006","doi":"10.1039/d0ra07629e","title":"Large-pore-size membranes tuned by chemically vapor deposited nanocoatings for rapid and controlled desalination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stillwater (Canada)","funders":"Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology; Oklahoma State University","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Wetting; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Vapor pressure; Water vapor; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00839760639269087,"score_gpt":0.23927502160586994,"score_spread":0.23087741521317906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3096700006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9627187,0.0030234521,0.030340854,0.00037094502,0.00015115588,0.00006181232,0.00026698248,0.00045903027,0.00260706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810743,0.001331456,0.016210727,0.00010517562,0.000022697932,0.00006333149,0.00011942466,0.000062150924,0.0010106955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998241,0.000016026179,0.000013396019,0.000047750018,0.00006727535,0.000031564658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999833,0.000042930074,0.000055634326,0.000016733853,0.000034190758,0.00001742151],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021266642,0.00034148915,0.0002528845,0.00017663412,0.00017082097,0.00026936486,0.00027963985,0.00048718092,0.00047263948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034128106,0.00021892106,0.0002698396,0.00014496616,0.00030542116,0.0005829939,0.0002899363,0.0006015899,0.00021410018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047046033,0.0000020907094,0.000019961402,0.000017216784,0.000001915415,0.000011861994,0.0000056267168,0.00004377244,0.99935144,0.00007497405,0.00002279216,0.0004437046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018082861,0.000013323711,0.00018650293,0.0000011986024,0.000002643594,0.000027240027,0.000004158338,0.00052643084,0.9985089,0.000019246014,0.00070612517,0.0000024422911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071758206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014590306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071758206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053107744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022891139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038532615},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096733387","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.482","title":"Evaluation of fouling and RO performance for MBR treated fruit wastewater","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0391093482675965,"score_gpt":0.27020962685409855,"score_spread":0.23110027858650206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3096733387","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983015,0.0003957768,0.000701065,0.000021382783,0.000008314922,0.000024159835,0.00015091663,0.000022635953,0.00037418256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99394506,0.0009490929,0.0034108728,0.000027577593,0.000008238124,0.000044092536,0.00024645575,0.000017857195,0.0013506553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994155,0.00012406269,0.00006140015,0.000092148104,0.00023406804,0.00007281573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996489,0.000091924885,0.00006893562,0.000027548156,0.00013767775,0.00002509226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006502504,0.00037462148,0.0005188989,0.0004384763,0.00034504262,0.00052929483,0.0003518092,0.000792156,0.0006208494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008359322,0.000128176,0.000626196,0.0004353661,0.00019269179,0.0004761778,0.00021091844,0.00044962586,0.00031391231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001350475,0.000080948674,0.00073422416,0.0001001601,0.000012274289,0.000037172187,0.00004426046,0.00021351068,0.9963642,0.000020138441,0.000024430738,0.0022337264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004176922,0.0010282716,0.0042205476,0.0000061006713,0.000018016404,0.0000618518,0.00006782255,0.0010324194,0.99315226,0.000010629912,0.0003880975,0.000009769786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002290832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019065085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002290832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003284186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001953129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045550466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097043695","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117352","title":"Ultra-low pressure cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane fabricated on layer-by-layer assembly for efficient sodium chloride removal","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbohydrate Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Scanning electron microscope; Cellulose; Materials science; Layer by layer; Layer (electronics); Regenerated cellulose; Composite number; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.019650962139926464,"score_gpt":0.2357727835485169,"score_spread":0.21612182140859046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3097043695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.958476,0.0016346617,0.036282957,0.00018046529,0.000111297806,0.000043952245,0.0002683793,0.00036545316,0.0026368974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9581372,0.0015226116,0.03602879,0.000117872296,0.00002963992,0.00005579641,0.0003655364,0.000053368854,0.003689098],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998809,0.000009024072,0.000009132909,0.00002325137,0.000052066767,0.000025527528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992895,0.000011873841,0.000020164,0.0000057774023,0.000020368558,0.000012820441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019606801,0.0004197171,0.0002909653,0.00025698097,0.00029502268,0.00025612532,0.00040268825,0.00053357304,0.00049337733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014634711,0.00023830961,0.00035751556,0.00023420996,0.00017891244,0.00045368387,0.00027763654,0.0005251789,0.00038363558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009369576,0.000006119752,0.000029049006,0.000025917989,0.000002364312,0.000017976321,0.0000075274093,0.0000549702,0.998789,0.00005994496,0.000034843255,0.0009628247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022908973,0.00003190742,0.0005295668,0.00000195493,0.0000053421036,0.00003319948,0.0000051497927,0.0013242599,0.99739957,0.000013173327,0.000648988,0.000004635523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013175186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003549821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013175186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054082595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042047698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039239526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098224560","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111635","title":"Determining binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to micelles formed by SDS and SOL using semi-equilibrium dialysis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Chemistry; Micelle; Phenanthrene; Pyrene; Fluorene; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Binding constant; Cationic polymerization; Critical micelle concentration; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Naphthalene; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Binding site; Aqueous solution; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012808793515913427,"score_gpt":0.222804229860826,"score_spread":0.20999543634491255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098224560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95,0.003078855,0.044682156,0.00009540472,0.000058183527,0.00016445704,0.0003171535,0.00014107315,0.0014627044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.942923,0.003999572,0.044800173,0.00015069099,0.000025831157,0.0003582775,0.0011459688,0.000071536626,0.006524933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993316,0.0001193608,0.00008933907,0.0001229664,0.00023596796,0.00010077688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950004,0.00015400157,0.00010140698,0.000026882912,0.00017968228,0.000037995607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060135574,0.0006945328,0.00044230616,0.0004856907,0.00028643812,0.00047894646,0.0003392882,0.0005364165,0.00079019606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007736381,0.00026057396,0.00048188897,0.00044006773,0.00022064739,0.00062000647,0.0003494426,0.0008411381,0.00054437853],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025164332,0.000021552029,0.000226707,0.00004210308,0.00000948951,0.0000084022295,0.000026133148,0.000071776,0.99876225,0.000029455967,0.000009677883,0.0007672453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002962633,0.0001411325,0.0012789785,0.000003568489,0.000010750068,0.000025115873,0.000025074136,0.0012299311,0.9967429,0.0000236335,0.000509532,0.000006557593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014729286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019635595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014729286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038673196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000341269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031802654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098557350","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c15194","title":"Nanodiamond-Enabled Thin-Film Nanocomposite Polyamide Membranes for High-Temperature Water Treatment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Nanodiamond; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Wetting; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Monomer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011981442857485416,"score_gpt":0.22078220787938535,"score_spread":0.20880076502189993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098557350","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9485605,0.0048909467,0.043239746,0.00019563963,0.0001223083,0.000061162355,0.00026003976,0.00047105938,0.0021985702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9726959,0.0025881496,0.021794012,0.00006702967,0.000017654605,0.000052029256,0.00017820456,0.00005326447,0.0025537557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999014,0.000010878628,0.0000073757033,0.000025879215,0.00003637199,0.000018052053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993896,0.000012018854,0.00001996002,0.000003941629,0.0000169954,0.000008068246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014066469,0.0004676121,0.00022433764,0.00018575386,0.0001347136,0.0002893219,0.00022550317,0.00046135072,0.0004722846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013429819,0.00021044015,0.00039206198,0.0001313583,0.00012905327,0.00049484445,0.0002227916,0.0004872209,0.00025252503],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069727903,0.000004227868,0.000022403336,0.00002860319,0.000002796431,0.000013326111,0.0000038821527,0.000050806542,0.99914217,0.000025884485,0.000012223702,0.0006867169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000220703,0.00002721245,0.0002640064,0.000002573379,0.000007180039,0.00005064796,0.000005243899,0.00078279123,0.9980033,0.000013804441,0.0008375992,0.0000033935128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056175736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011525073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056175736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003827103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017138122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002776742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3099074595","doi":"10.18280/acsm.440502","title":"Preparation and Characterization of Matrix Hybrid Membranes Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Silica Gel/Zinc Oxide for Cr(VI) Removal from Water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Phase inversion; Zinc; Fluoride; Chemical engineering; Nuclear chemistry; Hexavalent chromium; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Chromium; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.024522279099614196,"score_gpt":0.2722774263557251,"score_spread":0.24775514725611092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3099074595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95667464,0.0014633726,0.039824087,0.00007394003,0.000038204347,0.000115531744,0.00055241835,0.000240089,0.0010177732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94568914,0.0020484538,0.049054787,0.000043977823,0.000016063203,0.00025712032,0.0005640083,0.000058845857,0.00226761],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998745,0.000010567825,0.000010772299,0.00003254166,0.000051450173,0.000020232168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988973,0.000023851188,0.000024875075,0.000009860135,0.00004015796,0.000011422446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022190312,0.0003958877,0.0003788569,0.00021915685,0.00016018646,0.0002051473,0.0002283662,0.00032301337,0.00038409757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021306687,0.00018478403,0.00034969387,0.0001947654,0.00011908306,0.00023828325,0.0001592491,0.00032293334,0.00022537056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008025952,0.0000038171493,0.000025840283,0.000021650305,0.0000020939426,0.000011504762,0.000004500606,0.000048046673,0.9993955,0.000017015753,0.0000052307514,0.00045671142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053181398,0.000072429924,0.0008538544,0.0000027529118,0.000009691432,0.000073266725,0.000009277823,0.00069687405,0.9973859,0.000024722653,0.0008617338,0.0000041275603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000679306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009355912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000679306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020393541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018732689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014796853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3106865421","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04464","title":"Modeling of Air-Gap Membrane Distillation and Comparative Study with Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Mass transfer; Membrane; Heat transfer; Permeation; Heat flux; Flux (metallurgy); Distillation; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Heat exchanger; Mechanics; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.14906400622004284,"score_gpt":0.328274948902917,"score_spread":0.17921094268287413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3106865421","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3969262,0.0032386556,0.57948375,0.0003810601,0.00009535265,0.0002175248,0.00056963053,0.0009100756,0.018177766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95549244,0.0020028893,0.03509272,0.000050532788,0.000033808414,0.0002583054,0.0002416078,0.00007213129,0.0067555276],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997737,0.000037607315,0.000011134144,0.000049987695,0.000101471705,0.000026185622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983215,0.00007667674,0.000018440258,0.00002135524,0.000043183838,0.000008134528],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002441483,0.0005591564,0.0008380916,0.00038134263,0.00031810266,0.00080885895,0.0012377258,0.0014335526,0.0013234585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005897102,0.0002545592,0.0009461895,0.0005080628,0.00036547935,0.0011174717,0.000536915,0.0005374157,0.0003248506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011896431,0.00010714669,0.0010163357,0.00042296728,0.000025662752,0.00026549553,0.00012487678,0.9246451,0.04939691,0.0068843653,0.0003347686,0.016657513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004230338,0.000031877786,0.00018900704,0.0000038585677,0.000005720133,0.000029427807,0.000010624039,0.99166685,0.0068628346,0.00032463475,0.0008652346,0.0000056657864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054264492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023890918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054264492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006441683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007075907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010789692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107867342","doi":"10.1039/d0ta09109j","title":"Electric field modulated ion-sieving effects of graphene oxide membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; Singapore University of Technology and Design","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Desalination; Oxide; Materials science; Water desalination; Laminar flow; Nanotechnology; Ion; Electric field; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0071564295318291655,"score_gpt":0.2104380643119128,"score_spread":0.20328163478008365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3107867342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977417,0.00048700362,0.00044768665,0.00006665268,0.0000337038,0.000005539808,0.000046645437,0.00003210618,0.0011391322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985917,0.00036247994,0.00045205498,0.000038742222,0.0000067215014,0.0000042829593,0.000027324508,0.0000061566016,0.0005105233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994314,0.00000903178,0.0000032322446,0.000011517744,0.000016517866,0.000016525428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999335,0.00002487716,0.000015926787,0.0000056954464,0.000011360705,0.000008671988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009028366,0.0002807458,0.000113429436,0.00014246663,0.00010677479,0.0002445651,0.00018836051,0.00030057997,0.0009435891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021376013,0.00012091823,0.00013385122,0.00010153578,0.00017693872,0.0002569709,0.00014638159,0.00026671958,0.00013015202],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011071055,0.000020307973,0.00004987532,0.000035061697,0.0000045669735,0.000039101174,0.000023544475,0.00016329458,0.997804,0.00016496486,0.00006497287,0.001519742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011211097,0.00007377306,0.00091524614,0.0000031006819,0.0000034696293,0.000032580247,0.000018601004,0.0010826573,0.9972524,0.000058441776,0.000543501,0.000005135194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024509826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004121305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009435891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016497639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008488888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003156662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108093656","doi":"10.1039/d0ta08928a","title":"Conductive carbonaceous membranes: recent progress and future opportunities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Electrical conductor; Fouling; Degradation (telecommunications); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.035333832129784304,"score_gpt":0.2466388168812866,"score_spread":0.2113049847515023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108093656","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006063869,0.98459977,0.0018533826,0.0046255733,0.00032324414,0.000007112425,0.000048789858,0.000038171336,0.0024400642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.042991962,0.94944686,0.0032734987,0.0015757106,0.00084125984,0.000020718457,0.00016191005,0.000010322686,0.0016777144],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965394,0.00005133317,0.000035668338,0.000077314166,0.000107161,0.00007467949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987644,0.0005515802,0.00016039399,0.00003701865,0.00032982347,0.00015687567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002152399,0.0004962348,0.0005741699,0.00061590143,0.0003346121,0.0021473048,0.00064612506,0.0014072345,0.002382838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014632528,0.00022459554,0.0003131056,0.001174123,0.00087301456,0.0035963915,0.0007401412,0.0013540959,0.0007955055],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043620504,0.00030136504,0.0016706648,0.008412872,0.00009763292,0.0003860205,0.00027033157,0.0012091101,0.036237117,0.014945474,0.016849559,0.91918355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006227838,0.0013440892,0.0045373137,0.0028674968,0.00022842773,0.0019019267,0.0010609971,0.0028763982,0.033875074,0.02716752,0.9239364,0.00014207442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047970287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016175921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002382838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053865113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013161553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011383116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108336800","doi":"","title":"Membrane applications in the pulp and paper industry: Experience on lab, pilot and industrial scale","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pulp (tooth); Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Wastewater; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02426030419414547,"score_gpt":0.2146606381570906,"score_spread":0.19040033396294515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108336800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.842007,0.09321269,0.027127758,0.0016285497,0.00030665478,0.00056376465,0.0006672091,0.00052340934,0.03396298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7858777,0.12955034,0.041520227,0.00069720205,0.00045449045,0.00039539495,0.0016299695,0.00028812926,0.03958664],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985677,0.00037726428,0.00008184419,0.00018838163,0.0005955652,0.00018917666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993405,0.00016725922,0.000055923243,0.00007970133,0.0002591298,0.000097556884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002151203,0.0008403751,0.00081986294,0.00065854803,0.00093149935,0.001754926,0.0011084578,0.0018623964,0.002775044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012238689,0.00023769784,0.0007141869,0.0013124396,0.00066601107,0.0016525688,0.0013165082,0.0011901361,0.0020433948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005238091,0.004407389,0.0033619464,0.0031708097,0.00007335275,0.0011907831,0.0034307833,0.0036384484,0.48375896,0.001305951,0.003913178,0.4912246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000095915864,0.014627251,0.024066672,0.00075549656,0.0001887551,0.0043074777,0.0042001116,0.0032561484,0.6931072,0.0016293533,0.25354353,0.0002221609],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009706648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009458875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002775044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065467384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005067601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011376798},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108398478","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.116665","title":"Synergistic fouling behaviors and mechanisms of calcium ions and polyaluminum chloride associated with alginate solution in coagulation-ultrafiltration (UF) process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coagulation; Chemistry; Flocculation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Membrane; DLVO theory; Fouling; Turbidity; Membrane fouling; Calcium; Chromatography; Colloid; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06776926788134993,"score_gpt":0.32853957881210144,"score_spread":0.26077031093075154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108398478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981585,0.00071307475,0.0008519546,0.000023752922,0.000013651385,0.000005922796,0.000014984552,0.000011663661,0.00020646493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99849284,0.00031041747,0.0006973072,0.00001831125,0.000004557431,0.000004338971,0.00001531818,0.0000030109911,0.0004539319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977785,0.000034735345,0.000020183652,0.000035351193,0.00007570556,0.00005626351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998511,0.00002978598,0.00004285861,0.0000076514225,0.00004769742,0.000020895784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024178752,0.00026780306,0.00024725834,0.00024475218,0.00020110751,0.0003342703,0.00022152407,0.0003570171,0.00024657373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030970597,0.00013708798,0.00039657974,0.00018381438,0.0002141706,0.00031447154,0.0002307858,0.00027422345,0.000072112125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021322313,0.000019842906,0.0003415778,0.00006165525,0.000009295147,0.000052608233,0.000029949295,0.00015083549,0.9973404,0.000044683726,0.000020729054,0.0017152881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000076821525,0.00016573323,0.0011905718,0.0000027332035,0.000022782575,0.00006771157,0.00002501871,0.0014579728,0.9967681,0.000019258432,0.00026500947,0.000007408102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009840876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016622648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009840876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002713866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002599908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019689798},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108714233","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.571","title":"In-line coagulation assessment for ultrafiltration fouling reduction to treat secondary effluent for water reuse","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Chemistry; Membrane; Coagulation; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Ferric; Microfiltration; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.024008266809958333,"score_gpt":0.2984988220922346,"score_spread":0.2744905552822763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108714233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99070764,0.0010495302,0.007344921,0.00006333402,0.000021583299,0.00006234611,0.00009728416,0.000050262803,0.0006031919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991797,0.0006330563,0.0063587716,0.00003790619,0.000007076262,0.000024928811,0.00008041449,0.000012767725,0.0010479833],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968135,0.00009768979,0.000018662464,0.000040273455,0.0001297807,0.000032200518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971825,0.00004610777,0.000076599004,0.000014178638,0.000117535004,0.00002726397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042350468,0.0004780074,0.0004339075,0.0002591202,0.00039752183,0.0004426301,0.0002770683,0.0006182584,0.0008636716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004849274,0.00012782181,0.0005214877,0.00018499859,0.00017193757,0.00028700673,0.00020902534,0.00037883772,0.00019888821],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054962078,0.000040499952,0.00042199323,0.00005950496,0.000007727804,0.000015153295,0.000011900016,0.00009324272,0.9975325,0.000008358298,0.000020513984,0.0017336514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055312,0.0005596288,0.003983389,0.000006741951,0.000026023827,0.00005232384,0.000024911498,0.0011034404,0.9936598,0.00001299389,0.0005606427,0.0000045008537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002080427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030393444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002080427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057325343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003458724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004159212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W31102117","doi":"10.1007/s10900-019-00677-y","title":"Membrane fouling and its control in drinking water membrane filtration process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Journal of Community Health","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Cancer Institute; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Environmental science; Process (computing); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02198701260259096,"score_gpt":0.31620132069257534,"score_spread":0.2942143080899844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W31102117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93495107,0.020697424,0.023023024,0.003609328,0.00042631256,0.00032096577,0.00015339564,0.000118609816,0.016699942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988198,0.0029727442,0.0060767694,0.00035647425,0.00004908645,0.00009108238,0.0000528812,0.000024164645,0.0021788757],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969319,0.0010681862,0.00023542244,0.0004149994,0.00088540796,0.00046410668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972683,0.0009454686,0.00083022943,0.00016109672,0.00065637165,0.00013853199],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034002652,0.00032925722,0.00046039984,0.0007450564,0.0017526796,0.0030979645,0.0007207378,0.0012342369,0.0018903635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0046393173,0.0003148075,0.0005577458,0.0005329344,0.0013227082,0.0020358611,0.0012375572,0.0008716468,0.00043155169],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013048892,0.00092445215,0.105765775,0.0036755777,0.0003356325,0.0015145529,0.0057293815,0.007115773,0.614496,0.01878057,0.0041744714,0.23618302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010845433,0.0021417504,0.15234052,0.0010668676,0.00035174142,0.0013223335,0.009219521,0.04975952,0.70565736,0.013221822,0.064532414,0.00027768628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006878196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004429406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006878196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015107028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018790691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017982543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111166852","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23981","title":"Influence of zeta potential of <scp> ZrO <sub>2</sub> </scp> and <scp> Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> </scp> nanoparticles on removal of metal ions by hybrid electrospun polyamide 6 membrane: Kinetics of adsorption and fouling mechanisms","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeta potential; Adsorption; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Nanoparticle; Oxide; Metal; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.005301611511168005,"score_gpt":0.17362418620360331,"score_spread":0.1683225746924353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3111166852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99726295,0.0007017011,0.0013819576,0.00003349906,0.000018882598,0.000007140351,0.000052949174,0.000024407716,0.00051642465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986303,0.0003573634,0.00055016135,0.000015596359,0.0000042114243,0.000009074927,0.000039837974,0.0000051494535,0.00038848],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983656,0.000023965698,0.000014600341,0.000026668164,0.00006391054,0.00003433989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997447,0.00010070333,0.00006754192,0.000007902286,0.00005653218,0.000022646464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022966869,0.00030274643,0.0002072482,0.00016422899,0.00014226422,0.00032680726,0.00014234251,0.00030369032,0.00068989454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004637166,0.000164375,0.00027724533,0.0001334858,0.00020669682,0.0003899065,0.00016600743,0.0002861158,0.0001348618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001022801,0.000006862417,0.00030990216,0.0000407463,0.000013069335,0.000039929015,0.00002477103,0.0001798106,0.9981262,0.000034749737,0.00001697548,0.0011047231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007566829,0.00014453671,0.003586285,0.0000037656303,0.000026009004,0.000054737815,0.00004169614,0.0018339813,0.9939494,0.000029449953,0.00031378906,0.000008728208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008051662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007012853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008051662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022453109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014489512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023079515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112459895","doi":"10.1002/app.50296","title":"Fabrication and characterization of high flux poly(vinylidene fluoride) electrospun nanofibrous membrane using amphiphilic polyethylene‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Ethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Copolymer; Electrospinning; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Polyethylene glycol; Polymer; Amphiphile; Nanofiber; Polysulfone; PEG ratio; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.01114293306932502,"score_gpt":0.22626890406420416,"score_spread":0.21512597099487915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112459895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97026616,0.0009981708,0.027321585,0.00007976799,0.000028403798,0.000067591645,0.00030650926,0.00012819511,0.00080351887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96267927,0.001028159,0.03399798,0.00004022565,0.00001604058,0.00012665031,0.00030936327,0.00003330536,0.0017688698],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999879,0.000011594057,0.000013401509,0.000032648335,0.000045248646,0.000018091407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982387,0.000038576643,0.00006387798,0.000010302611,0.000044038647,0.000019392932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029317293,0.0003340164,0.00019258121,0.00028916032,0.00018535384,0.00023228097,0.000117649426,0.0005051136,0.0002900317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025134897,0.00013219795,0.0002534155,0.00016072381,0.00014002353,0.00039881846,0.00012161679,0.00020585857,0.00018518514],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046910327,0.0000047583485,0.00004715309,0.000012806671,0.0000010387831,0.00002789333,0.0000054586167,0.000044957764,0.99946195,0.000011262339,0.0000035040619,0.00037459697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003854391,0.000058109636,0.0020544156,0.0000044238072,0.00000559665,0.0000984049,0.000014081426,0.0010529056,0.9961541,0.000022406186,0.0005272864,0.0000044444478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049195276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005878155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005051136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018203011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012338234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015504956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113442200","doi":"10.1016/j.apsadv.2020.100051","title":"Explication of hydrophobic silica as effective pore former for membrane fabrication","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Ministry of Higher Education","keywords":"Hydrophobic silica; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Hydrophobe; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Materials science; Hydrophobic effect; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Permeation","score_opus":0.01055503869805922,"score_gpt":0.2642024743884081,"score_spread":0.25364743569034887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113442200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9472793,0.0039940914,0.043100614,0.00026619292,0.0000830328,0.00009316532,0.00031316114,0.00021680517,0.004653613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96930456,0.0015340406,0.026844444,0.00006387286,0.000024057814,0.000059008213,0.00019222358,0.000039176735,0.0019386986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998049,0.000021716445,0.00001739134,0.00004598713,0.00007350791,0.00003651483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999785,0.00005485259,0.000060147515,0.000019267487,0.000059664813,0.000020930784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002465239,0.0003374567,0.00017345762,0.00020968147,0.00016448992,0.00033069518,0.0001748545,0.00043610777,0.0005402685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032564095,0.00017626045,0.0003415209,0.000124266,0.00020754998,0.00046543946,0.00024100636,0.00034695942,0.00032046263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059018253,0.000003644841,0.00010027177,0.00004665886,0.0000022060533,0.00003017914,0.000009748558,0.000051553347,0.99868673,0.00009371293,0.00001077577,0.0009584844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013054494,0.00004664068,0.0006371017,0.000004770438,0.000004965729,0.00010374545,0.000010716384,0.00039542516,0.9974687,0.000027014543,0.0012971477,0.0000024454125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003500596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007136318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005402685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026401423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019514815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019155741},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113605742","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.150610","title":"Managing and Control of Nanofiltration / Reverse Osmosis Desalination System: Application of Artificial Neural Network","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Artificial neural network; Engineering; Dimensioning; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Forward osmosis; Artificial intelligence; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.009602333817235725,"score_gpt":0.23029969196353076,"score_spread":0.22069735814629504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113605742","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3758,0.001245114,0.6072031,0.0003876784,0.00016366004,0.00018308195,0.00017126791,0.001247594,0.013598449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980477,0.00022161311,0.017204443,0.00002538679,0.000010364529,0.000053657594,0.000049077607,0.000009867687,0.0019485205],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.00002307463,0.000012282362,0.000030636482,0.000045574365,0.00001995671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998516,0.00003910183,0.000035988058,0.00001079405,0.0000552693,0.0000072253756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026947117,0.0004894091,0.00029590857,0.00016155951,0.0002743066,0.00056450063,0.00045802988,0.00047584003,0.0006530997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033074248,0.00015922831,0.00026910738,0.00012692461,0.0001705178,0.00033336872,0.00024268801,0.00040706233,0.00014350774],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016637627,0.00018556297,0.0036584756,0.00030038887,0.00007590147,0.00021160449,0.00012605032,0.8167112,0.06471116,0.0011855265,0.000730148,0.11193761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008480237,0.00014984318,0.001381126,0.000011306783,0.000018256136,0.000026205904,0.00001810548,0.98358846,0.01357998,0.0003151916,0.0008907326,0.000012276089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004805194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004196226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004805194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032615455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036876238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009554505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115700839","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24004","title":"Forward osmosis for multi‐effect distillation brine treatment: Performance and concentration polarization evaluation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Brine; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane distillation; Cellulose triacetate; Desalination; Membrane; Osmotic power; Chemistry; Seawater; Chromatography; Thin-film composite membrane; Osmosis; Distillation; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0185425080875046,"score_gpt":0.22490169201332608,"score_spread":0.20635918392582148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115700839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99172205,0.00056987145,0.007100154,0.00006788777,0.000016931479,0.00001633808,0.00007036748,0.000048963713,0.00038736162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99423695,0.00060543395,0.0043849233,0.000021150603,0.0000047626245,0.000012588573,0.000053754567,0.000007974176,0.00067252066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998336,0.000022016251,0.0000112111775,0.00002975108,0.000079443336,0.000023872833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983644,0.000048052014,0.00003936682,0.00001158501,0.000053103737,0.000011409252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003784663,0.0003719607,0.00034471857,0.00017818769,0.0001804728,0.00032790957,0.00026357535,0.0004736931,0.00049428793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002873813,0.0001692798,0.00051586964,0.0001711939,0.00020107931,0.00044300515,0.00021211315,0.000560981,0.00013722347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056037683,0.000020789937,0.00027790858,0.00006675361,0.00000674908,0.000018982622,0.000010741017,0.00043470494,0.9975738,0.00003483636,0.000020746327,0.0014779135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037733753,0.000099404526,0.00066440867,0.0000016567556,0.000008031279,0.000019972122,0.00000848922,0.0032044845,0.9957268,0.000006602118,0.00025155,0.0000047801527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016720353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021128615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016720353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000422525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022710356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033245683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3116376782","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129477","title":"Recent developments in layer-by-layer assembled systems application in water purification","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Desalination; Surface modification; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Layer by layer; Layer (electronics); Materials science; Membrane; Process engineering; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04307454491975718,"score_gpt":0.2939540124848015,"score_spread":0.2508794675650443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3116376782","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005488954,0.9960692,0.001398089,0.00012543992,0.0002259571,0.0000113172655,0.00003652979,0.000023267718,0.0015613477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0020425923,0.9951579,0.0013981499,0.00017384252,0.00016518203,0.000010956567,0.00006127376,0.0000033524875,0.00098676],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999785,0.000025722577,0.00002273623,0.000049986927,0.00009013785,0.000026388076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996804,0.0001568757,0.000054989257,0.0000110620695,0.00007631423,0.0000205092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065112766,0.0010641183,0.0012999882,0.0016827896,0.0002443262,0.0009562497,0.0009590517,0.0009607885,0.0022906577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068838004,0.00041587203,0.0006652695,0.0027004585,0.00033092478,0.0012989653,0.0007725135,0.0014912878,0.0014278902],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000090674395,0.0001424222,0.00019913251,0.030115636,0.00017036604,0.00021058596,0.000049280574,0.0009906659,0.02539947,0.004413061,0.012724339,0.9254944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002273767,0.00042402797,0.0011793628,0.0022303017,0.00049952074,0.00095384324,0.000068463174,0.0009523222,0.016435746,0.002275355,0.97489345,0.00006479367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066374097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011174956,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022906577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035597183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058480876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007663071},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3117533984","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30191-9","title":"ZeeLung technology shows its ability to quickly, easily and cost-effectively upgrade existing WWTPs","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Upgrade; Engineering; Waste management; Energy consumption; Sewage treatment; Environmental economics; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Operations management; Computer science; Economics; Electrical engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.036653921509429976,"score_gpt":0.28462230838474584,"score_spread":0.24796838687531586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3117533984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.51319736,0.02357081,0.2784079,0.009944871,0.0008368173,0.0006999626,0.0041989326,0.01145966,0.15768377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74831235,0.01648628,0.13958584,0.0010171005,0.00007708316,0.00024799787,0.0024569428,0.00072845456,0.09108783],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911124,0.000048647573,0.000023107694,0.000089822584,0.00059140555,0.00013582765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965346,0.000088234316,0.0000559645,0.000037365604,0.00013042189,0.000034587378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009309603,0.00052366685,0.0005435562,0.0012916181,0.00089017925,0.0020913281,0.0006635626,0.0010069932,0.006425304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00085083314,0.00029656893,0.0006691075,0.0011722791,0.0010060621,0.0021934498,0.0014243767,0.0015069727,0.0030651516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033047196,0.00015973297,0.004114855,0.0011768006,0.00006860391,0.0004118793,0.0003088812,0.0033752576,0.7044521,0.010708343,0.008105695,0.26678744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000073098185,0.00057062827,0.007193862,0.00015999522,0.0000720473,0.0009772849,0.00029836546,0.00584926,0.7662174,0.002312021,0.21612792,0.0001480839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011413475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030288903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011413475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019743002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015176284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02269411},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118553746","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c18788","title":"Preparation of Multipurpose Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes via a Spray-Coating Strategy Using Waterborne Polymers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Treatment Technology and Materials; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Coating; Methacrylate; Ethylene glycol; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Copolymer; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01961141692704297,"score_gpt":0.28011256288019243,"score_spread":0.26050114595314944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3118553746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80141276,0.00733398,0.1860399,0.00032797898,0.00021384296,0.0004617627,0.00061692134,0.000807627,0.0027852105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79365796,0.0072970646,0.19464579,0.00015464424,0.000052708565,0.00033497773,0.0006077643,0.00009935455,0.0031497772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998123,0.000019279445,0.000021798814,0.000046292495,0.00006878184,0.00003155989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998429,0.00002287108,0.000051397055,0.000018299148,0.000045908382,0.000018604343],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029321678,0.0008287687,0.00049453066,0.00034043213,0.00020955974,0.00024724985,0.00046028482,0.0006531473,0.0005016314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026539396,0.00034671853,0.00058814697,0.00027304766,0.00013908978,0.0005837109,0.0003599277,0.00068662636,0.0003781866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000918852,0.000007029579,0.00003278154,0.00006622723,0.0000072300018,0.000036186742,0.0000086998225,0.000042267107,0.9977704,0.000046882124,0.00002332854,0.0019497824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046761584,0.0000626032,0.00030006035,0.0000038265116,0.0000119111,0.00015739372,0.0000048738934,0.00043644782,0.99768865,0.0000170931,0.0013058474,0.0000066046236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036626507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055337936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008287687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000236663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024478298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017170906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118960809","doi":"10.1007/s12010-020-03455-y","title":"Harvesting of Microalgae Biomass Using Ceramic Microfiltration at High Cross-Flow Velocity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorella vulgaris; Microfiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Permeation; Chlorella; Ceramic; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Materials science; Food science; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Botany; Biology; Algae; Composite material; Biochemistry; Metallurgy; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011205693744815356,"score_gpt":0.23244564431894674,"score_spread":0.22123995057413137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3118960809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99189293,0.00029228124,0.0064883996,0.00006688658,0.000033080138,0.000024517,0.00016414515,0.000082655126,0.00095503085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909922,0.00032503327,0.0069568846,0.000025229467,0.000012591145,0.000023223862,0.00039409334,0.000022732227,0.0012479621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988556,0.00000522609,0.000010636869,0.00003037679,0.000036489746,0.000031684554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999515,0.000013702213,0.000007669265,0.000007782227,0.000008418165,0.000010894394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016979403,0.0002349001,0.00030751433,0.00024133748,0.00034895606,0.00039526663,0.00027666308,0.0002826699,0.000796799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013499291,0.00012478228,0.00042375323,0.0004926172,0.00017969734,0.00034632755,0.00028326965,0.00048253458,0.00027978385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004931602,0.000015951071,0.00014046187,0.000019175779,0.0000025534978,0.000017347547,0.000014226397,0.00009787302,0.9982864,0.000050233954,0.00002293561,0.0012835835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000069382586,0.000066442924,0.0021115188,0.0000015177915,0.0000061075834,0.000026119867,0.0000145849435,0.00083672703,0.99635243,0.000036975947,0.00053580105,0.000004924318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012807156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018039106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012807156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029702333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003527102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026655197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3119946833","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111919","title":"Reduction of excess sludge production by membrane bioreactor coupled with anoxic side-stream reactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan; University of Wollongong","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Wastewater; Extracellular polymeric substance; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Volatile suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.007462212289114006,"score_gpt":0.2058516348001758,"score_spread":0.19838942251106179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3119946833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99771,0.00040924046,0.0012706015,0.000039806993,0.000032687058,0.000008699644,0.000041578834,0.0000346092,0.00045267353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99697375,0.00036916404,0.0014851541,0.00001627021,0.00001168743,0.000006504817,0.000072506264,0.000010230098,0.0010547703],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978703,0.000040200273,0.000020882893,0.00003106146,0.00007040721,0.000050370436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998895,0.00002495519,0.00001865768,0.000008209108,0.00003445199,0.00002421348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026619373,0.0004933432,0.00052539626,0.0002744246,0.00021150328,0.0005088081,0.00032242943,0.00044979327,0.0005694993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020973386,0.00016014508,0.0005564247,0.00021218235,0.0001275964,0.00028412137,0.00027033093,0.0004437006,0.00024360258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018404925,0.000054189233,0.00012701827,0.000042019565,0.000008570989,0.000028456952,0.00001056878,0.000225143,0.99778265,0.000020989866,0.00002180225,0.0014946725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012216206,0.00024752071,0.0006997381,0.000003950235,0.000022416261,0.00002327131,0.000014909398,0.002219879,0.99645954,0.000014092744,0.00027902532,0.0000034357377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015519297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019934855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015519297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029371455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032111464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003085792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120205655","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.119039","title":"Chlorine-resistant TFN RO membranes containing modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-functionalized halloysite nanotubes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Dendrimer; Chlorine; Nanocomposite; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Contact angle; Halloysite; Nanofiltration; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Polymer","score_opus":0.02173409765804048,"score_gpt":0.2600109648874991,"score_spread":0.2382768672294586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120205655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970252,0.0003235559,0.0018055986,0.00004954817,0.00002065871,0.000010863703,0.000058628062,0.00006191566,0.00064398744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959949,0.00017626458,0.0016329009,0.000028004779,0.0000070431306,0.000008194247,0.00010295031,0.000020728234,0.0020290136],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976856,0.000028313643,0.000015950607,0.00005034357,0.000065611064,0.00007117906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983823,0.000039694874,0.000044082222,0.00001936002,0.00004071084,0.000017853326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027633464,0.00022868671,0.00029746062,0.00013632019,0.00021613667,0.00030424615,0.00042790323,0.0006337107,0.00090510753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031282718,0.00013997122,0.00025921062,0.000107309235,0.00020964208,0.000501294,0.00015785565,0.00042540702,0.00037560452],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049769387,0.00000300934,0.0000329849,0.00001639748,0.0000025281029,0.000023680226,0.0000093903645,0.000027748403,0.9995388,0.00003130614,0.000011126805,0.0002532838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027376677,0.000037564027,0.00028610133,0.000002328424,0.0000038699536,0.00003057731,0.000010218905,0.00023830046,0.9990858,0.0000065040354,0.00029306623,0.0000029414055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000996059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014892905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000996059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004056778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023496864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030278563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123186400","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2021.01.087","title":"An economic evaluation of renewable energy-powered membrane distillation for desalination of brackish water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Petroleum Technology Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Waste heat; Desalination; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Brackish water; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental science; Waste management; Geothermal desalination; Environmental engineering; Concentrated solar power; Thermal energy; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0207580088683149,"score_gpt":0.26831535544211926,"score_spread":0.24755734657380435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123186400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98912513,0.0009751356,0.0014736323,0.00022427745,0.000048195616,0.00014828147,0.00035210984,0.000011498055,0.0076417252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969849,0.0005065033,0.0006400747,0.00002049514,0.000011092333,0.000031108717,0.00014241433,0.0000037880498,0.0016596718],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850047,0.000577386,0.000046889094,0.00008474007,0.0006458824,0.00014468735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985682,0.00078720466,0.00007921729,0.00006368749,0.0004211753,0.000080640544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023612564,0.0007461904,0.0006415589,0.0015055888,0.00073411094,0.001804201,0.0007236352,0.0009690366,0.0024182608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034535578,0.00026382576,0.0010928598,0.0009143388,0.0006008739,0.0012762552,0.0006124215,0.0006557782,0.00024245512],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.04390146,0.0074464045,0.026108317,0.0026892798,0.0010962901,0.0018395077,0.00016755241,0.4508594,0.2579293,0.028539516,0.0031115776,0.1763114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024422756,0.029198814,0.0501641,0.00016614213,0.0017398649,0.00040926173,0.0010147241,0.52078664,0.36765513,0.007527565,0.018600052,0.00029541337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010179065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011668409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010179065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005090507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021896241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036934376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123843274","doi":"10.1002/app.50511","title":"Feasibility of using polycarbonate as a substrate of thin film composite membrane in forward osmosis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polycarbonate; Contact angle; Composite material; Forward osmosis; Porosity; Substrate (aquarium); Permeability (electromagnetism); Composite number; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022626003514350068,"score_gpt":0.27955981547200914,"score_spread":0.2569338119576591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123843274","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9513014,0.0034789438,0.041650802,0.0002871785,0.000170214,0.000080204525,0.00020613386,0.00023350521,0.002591667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95876235,0.0018343935,0.037403625,0.000053904096,0.00002862986,0.00004400447,0.0001967481,0.000024413379,0.0016519974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971145,0.000047122332,0.000018653309,0.00007513585,0.0001135259,0.000034023036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996985,0.000085742926,0.00006741744,0.0000342896,0.00008708446,0.000026965674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003897515,0.0004296704,0.00024835012,0.00023126575,0.00027918856,0.00048286468,0.00046757757,0.0008327053,0.0004645169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004075034,0.00019805574,0.00034357485,0.00016821992,0.00018869145,0.00072441215,0.00021466923,0.00041136667,0.00035010482],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002187554,0.0000074666655,0.00010402729,0.000054806926,0.000003435896,0.00006582115,0.0000064742403,0.00007537298,0.99827087,0.0000688995,0.000018322218,0.0013024791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002127769,0.000048328053,0.00040818178,0.000003132397,0.0000068127324,0.000103250095,0.000009551654,0.0006966209,0.99798584,0.000013325332,0.0007183719,0.000004433895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000625313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008327053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020719566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025414696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020612478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123891824","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2021.114957","title":"In-situ synthesis of PA/PVDF composite hollow fiber membranes with an outer selective structure for efficient fractionation of low-molecular-weight dyes-salts","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Hollow fiber membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Zeta potential; Composite number; Scanning electron microscope; Aqueous solution; Fiber; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.005736325236660589,"score_gpt":0.23648086779611563,"score_spread":0.23074454255945503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123891824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96354806,0.0009983588,0.03274968,0.00017153901,0.00005709747,0.000042882544,0.0002513434,0.00019787978,0.0019832063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98136663,0.0005049282,0.016002243,0.000040525014,0.000015558066,0.000038374903,0.0001612199,0.000040785326,0.0018297683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990344,0.000009176306,0.000008054368,0.000026256017,0.00002657124,0.00002638272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999236,0.000013667299,0.000027112581,0.000008021705,0.000016408645,0.000011175902],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017740532,0.00033309485,0.00021901834,0.00015640563,0.00019961775,0.00019981846,0.0002645378,0.0003778374,0.0006721955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016902947,0.00022338376,0.00032882026,0.00014843866,0.00015905288,0.0004180201,0.00022896248,0.0004682127,0.00030410377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010711712,0.0000040973173,0.000012151186,0.000018471026,0.0000014301501,0.000010992946,0.0000067188666,0.000029962768,0.9993709,0.000046816025,0.00001066165,0.0004771249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013334471,0.000011834656,0.00011766014,5.576752e-7,0.0000021220228,0.000017634444,0.0000025106167,0.00027557593,0.99920434,0.000011054091,0.00035381492,0.000001568831],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003798708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072154385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006721955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023982629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019335157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022487044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127103153","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(21)00010-0","title":"Membrane-based crystalliser achieves zero liquid discharge without using evaporation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporation; Zero (linguistics); Membrane; Materials science; Engineering; Process engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01985321537716355,"score_gpt":0.2648631488494685,"score_spread":0.24500993347230493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127103153","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2604556,0.007859241,0.5470387,0.0035757688,0.0010133847,0.00075125153,0.0012237661,0.016524382,0.16155788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.71407074,0.005651307,0.1989157,0.0012693106,0.00016558096,0.00030876618,0.0012482047,0.001384078,0.076986335],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989893,0.00007095536,0.00005708126,0.000121457415,0.0006329015,0.00012827078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976593,0.000053437005,0.000028575665,0.000036030648,0.00009154089,0.000024527595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063112646,0.0005090689,0.0005922791,0.00063450506,0.0009269031,0.0014668459,0.0008635371,0.0013558923,0.0039114966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00086284283,0.00030642212,0.00064031733,0.00047759223,0.0006942701,0.0018917845,0.0014588049,0.0016358217,0.004656058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009209201,0.00006719851,0.00040493326,0.00026811255,0.000019730494,0.0001366025,0.000081948405,0.00057519146,0.95136654,0.008983782,0.0039356546,0.034068223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015617361,0.000067228175,0.000270944,0.00002068254,0.000011300784,0.00020778338,0.0000238495,0.0021670822,0.9673679,0.00056440884,0.029259821,0.000023493812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015836337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020075429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039114966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011266775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090098946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013085246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127904453","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118407","title":"Development of a self-sustained model to predict the performance of direct contact membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Porosity; Materials science; Mass transfer; Membrane; Permeation; Distillation; Thermodynamics; Flux (metallurgy); Efficient energy use; Concentration polarization; Energy balance; Process engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.01271048435628138,"score_gpt":0.2510811672090304,"score_spread":0.238370682852749,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127904453","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4538164,0.0005360085,0.52399886,0.0007278823,0.00018559855,0.00024911048,0.00044178742,0.0009883817,0.019056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768891,0.0001560473,0.015182119,0.00006679463,0.000020866755,0.00020369163,0.00015594628,0.000091399364,0.0072340444],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990773,0.000015241353,0.000005150758,0.000020240288,0.000034028155,0.000017624623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996375,0.0001764474,0.00003020355,0.0000293927,0.000100171,0.000026308755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031799893,0.0005258151,0.0006962715,0.00029108298,0.0006465948,0.0006268295,0.0012606526,0.0019616587,0.0015078131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010935904,0.00048299198,0.0007037374,0.0002460925,0.00048086958,0.0009484912,0.0005040543,0.0010348907,0.00036064044],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001544506,0.00004064686,0.0003902391,0.00002675905,0.000010118923,0.000051249284,0.000024580178,0.99103314,0.004003251,0.0021377138,0.00016424735,0.002102637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018797696,0.0000037620266,0.000036924073,5.608095e-7,0.0000010475482,0.000002091177,0.0000010309841,0.99935764,0.0003964754,0.00014219753,0.000055029985,0.0000013697439],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016493132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0063956925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016493132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008419289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014451162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.032794297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127925594","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119140","title":"Modulating surface interactions for regenerable separation of oil-in-water emulsions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Electrostatics; Materials science; Surface charge; Fouling; Coating; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02340074709929266,"score_gpt":0.3125951648744032,"score_spread":0.2891944177751105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127925594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884322,0.0011873567,0.007846815,0.00013536625,0.000049650982,0.000033027784,0.000048178117,0.00011043763,0.0021570264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940838,0.00067175884,0.0031282855,0.000060179154,0.000011767353,0.000017742012,0.00005126805,0.00003862924,0.0019366386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987483,0.000017129834,0.0000071019713,0.000025277606,0.00003492647,0.000040718463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992025,0.000024222263,0.000020110665,0.0000052149394,0.000016503851,0.000013708948],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018966912,0.00036002568,0.00019384998,0.00016240825,0.00019287909,0.00036318268,0.0002849159,0.0003282921,0.0015331199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028116177,0.0001399544,0.00019222163,0.00011460615,0.00016678314,0.00037043603,0.00025982823,0.00054751005,0.00051272026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041502542,0.00001984608,0.000022458893,0.00002155147,0.0000027948236,0.000018679475,0.000013434858,0.0000795493,0.9984536,0.00009585545,0.000030277999,0.001200403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064177375,0.000053832515,0.00011141396,0.000001451011,0.0000038113365,0.000010661466,0.0000074772515,0.00076237094,0.9985676,0.00001852571,0.00045432494,0.0000021305002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035162643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008667376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015331199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028165086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016320104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005128801},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129612385","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119183","title":"A Janus facilitated transport membrane with asymmetric surface wettability and dense/porous structure: Enabling high stability and separation efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Membrane; Janus; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Wetting; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.011705520475648904,"score_gpt":0.23897848473992295,"score_spread":0.22727296426427404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3129612385","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839438,0.0011164338,0.012845209,0.00021360083,0.000071588816,0.000033158114,0.000080322454,0.00022998014,0.0014658852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98860407,0.0005628296,0.009206198,0.00005804114,0.00003509325,0.000026619411,0.0000797286,0.000028889915,0.0013985728],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.000015794587,0.000010342856,0.00003179447,0.000043690176,0.000029793202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998919,0.000014083201,0.000032895037,0.000017258702,0.000019730272,0.000024104007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017118556,0.00025855162,0.00031784285,0.00024486234,0.00041558093,0.0006037505,0.00036801,0.00048094345,0.00028910546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018419685,0.00023990749,0.00022966605,0.00018050584,0.00029257982,0.0006783023,0.00045673415,0.000516923,0.00025205812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004393868,0.000024214893,0.000057936642,0.000043828863,0.000005960921,0.00007284542,0.000021550484,0.0001385137,0.9964903,0.00059276307,0.0000690745,0.0024390481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015997752,0.00014852057,0.00037775602,0.0000029936386,0.000012520201,0.00021707834,0.000019308367,0.0032338686,0.99378234,0.00021166986,0.0019647365,0.0000132757505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002220538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000540643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006037505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024469267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002756999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001775384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130413094","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24084","title":"Extraction and concentration of glutathione from yeast by membranes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lallemand (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Lallemand","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Glutathione; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Yeast; Permeation; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006052138991405921,"score_gpt":0.1870692953667342,"score_spread":0.18101715637532828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3130413094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91770154,0.007948635,0.07129074,0.00021074073,0.00008872588,0.00018273608,0.0004216449,0.00021181205,0.0019435197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92855936,0.005722294,0.06013719,0.00008315077,0.000023781009,0.00013004681,0.00076844194,0.000049873597,0.004525794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982506,0.00003624553,0.0000181713,0.000043038857,0.00005328068,0.000024328807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999348,0.000012632458,0.000010761356,0.0000104173605,0.000024989235,0.0000063927396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032015113,0.00042768568,0.00037875774,0.00028642776,0.00023815039,0.00026865082,0.0002573664,0.00030355598,0.0003619784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021766103,0.00014015124,0.00029350963,0.00031788863,0.00014281932,0.00033752833,0.00026291452,0.00041150532,0.00024353823],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017185808,0.0000070047713,0.00007475284,0.00006268336,0.0000051216143,0.000013560998,0.000015462987,0.00006283119,0.9974421,0.00007253763,0.00001574903,0.0022110094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024000844,0.00006382449,0.000338652,0.000005562861,0.0000065925487,0.00003620532,0.000011251647,0.00024559302,0.99785244,0.00003009027,0.0014044816,0.000002938548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011363518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019463847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011363518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026914896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032139977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022594929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133223004","doi":"10.36756/jcm.si1.2","title":"Effect of temperature and salt on PVDF membrane wetting properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Construction Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Contact angle; Membrane; Materials science; Salt (chemistry); Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006626180624292547,"score_gpt":0.22455698753848743,"score_spread":0.2179308069141949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133223004","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99764806,0.0010427622,0.0005858519,0.000038950075,0.00002572121,0.000011251693,0.00021520646,0.000017526028,0.00041467755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99754995,0.00065807777,0.00096512964,0.000026269341,0.0000070960346,0.000018550565,0.00017589296,0.000017988143,0.0005810001],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997371,0.00003869931,0.000042314652,0.00006326656,0.000068984904,0.000049601556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937195,0.00027630932,0.00013079167,0.000042593565,0.00014230578,0.00003611761],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029081307,0.0003235142,0.00042418612,0.00014676595,0.00017715564,0.0003299507,0.00017436336,0.00031716662,0.0008930413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008099963,0.00018455618,0.00035081766,0.00026233387,0.00019816737,0.00044900223,0.00014771968,0.000476624,0.00019446775],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031010347,0.000029793207,0.00052479596,0.000075384756,0.000013016111,0.000053331147,0.000054065033,0.00014458042,0.9973164,0.000010717978,0.00002135272,0.0014464483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032524365,0.00023968474,0.0033130667,0.0000032639957,0.000014882073,0.000037918715,0.000032321972,0.0002778345,0.99576366,0.000005220936,0.00030190882,0.000007043584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084927154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000990404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008930413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019740041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014239017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029874444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135071094","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00458","title":"Water–Energy Nexus in Membrane Distillation: Process Design for Enhanced Thermal Efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal conduction; Membrane; Distillation; Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Process engineering; Thermal conductivity; Desalination; Heat flux; Heat transfer; Chemistry; Mechanics; Chromatography; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.07712427705834583,"score_gpt":0.3207752480333777,"score_spread":0.24365097097503186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135071094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81432146,0.0013814316,0.18108153,0.0001461061,0.000029519158,0.0001570307,0.0001893054,0.00015194429,0.0025416568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93109107,0.0009031089,0.06684073,0.000015784173,0.0000060673246,0.00016552157,0.00009809635,0.000032623604,0.00084704143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997098,0.000044312077,0.000025408746,0.00007217964,0.000104340405,0.00004390979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999019,0.00004043429,0.000024911604,0.000009620193,0.000017528157,0.0000056280446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005714965,0.00046133134,0.0007168828,0.00032539797,0.00034736085,0.0009711055,0.00043144473,0.000644863,0.0006712484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004685312,0.00031605852,0.0006299738,0.00042019328,0.00047471715,0.0006028799,0.00041328004,0.00059191964,0.00017303854],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017933447,0.00013862256,0.00054621283,0.00056111626,0.000025651594,0.00008536045,0.00006170529,0.09450085,0.8903698,0.0024522694,0.00005969284,0.011019355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034352222,0.0005917861,0.0012792653,0.000017344395,0.00006397284,0.00006547405,0.00004842214,0.13362725,0.86069286,0.0007346938,0.0028154696,0.000028975626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009524617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017712471,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009711055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00071940303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010976258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052196383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136595971","doi":"10.3390/membranes11030213","title":"Antifouling and Flux Enhancement of Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Grafting Poly (3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate) Brushes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Polymer chemistry; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Methacrylate; Membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Grafting; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Cationic polymerization; Acrylate; Polymer; Copolymer; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012867301394716563,"score_gpt":0.2380871460853628,"score_spread":0.22521984469064624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136595971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975661,0.00027186304,0.0017738682,0.000021772048,0.000008282089,0.000007839694,0.000026661071,0.00002463762,0.00029894672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99520797,0.00034418778,0.0036578774,0.000018907484,0.000006318512,0.000013713037,0.00004736842,0.000008577783,0.00069515203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991906,0.00001420199,0.000004731733,0.000016794196,0.000025331214,0.000019774325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991155,0.00001798064,0.00002476288,0.000005484946,0.00002547359,0.000014704088],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016763835,0.00034080553,0.0001990134,0.00014945571,0.00012232811,0.00014799475,0.00012369746,0.00026924006,0.00038402822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015721004,0.00013860744,0.00022676862,0.00010889463,0.00013517,0.00023918279,0.000132529,0.00022084039,0.00012236825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016319245,0.000003543084,0.000029854189,0.000008683574,7.9349206e-7,0.0000072105618,0.0000045127404,0.000013450346,0.9995951,0.000009194935,0.000003046414,0.00030822036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002119484,0.0000380597,0.0005822143,7.8479053e-7,0.0000024054746,0.000021691309,0.0000033228553,0.00027110684,0.9989372,0.000004328504,0.00013522539,0.0000015169705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043841946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006180012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00043841946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015867827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109532295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012847185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136686351","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130341","title":"Forward osmosis membranes for high-efficiency desalination with Nano-MoS2 composite substrates","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010193418211085997,"score_gpt":0.2250307443428289,"score_spread":0.21483732613174292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136686351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99361587,0.00085497554,0.0031338194,0.0001171831,0.000060084094,0.000009661855,0.00016093435,0.00009887174,0.0019486218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99593323,0.0005409055,0.0018356546,0.000020596093,0.000011277324,0.000006851462,0.000099221295,0.00001007384,0.001542179],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993885,0.000004308209,0.0000043643167,0.0000126968,0.000027677535,0.000012028829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996054,0.000007872103,0.0000056188064,0.0000036514814,0.000017213746,0.0000051699526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011319432,0.0002769006,0.00016998808,0.00018100238,0.00020291148,0.00028995928,0.00020755532,0.00023570574,0.00065117143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001072853,0.00010930119,0.00014774236,0.00014580347,0.00009675195,0.00045288642,0.00021763965,0.00035974762,0.00026769482],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022081285,0.000005385911,0.00009128902,0.00003130949,0.0000029794785,0.00002423497,0.000010299655,0.00008553536,0.998131,0.000120604294,0.00008495199,0.001390252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020641055,0.000018264034,0.00046806474,0.0000014117167,0.0000030676722,0.00002764694,0.000013259658,0.0010751232,0.99743325,0.000026256499,0.00092875585,0.0000028327638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093194674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026541373,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00093194674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029732424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017048659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021784306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137539907","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146471","title":"Characterization and modelling of soluble microbial products in activated sludge systems treating municipal wastewater with special emphasis on temperature effect","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Bioprocess; Chemistry; Effluent; Wastewater; Biomass (ecology); Activated sludge model; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Substrate (aquarium); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Sewage treatment; Central composite design; Polysaccharide; Chromatography; Membrane; Response surface methodology; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011765407670292789,"score_gpt":0.19419370982801934,"score_spread":0.18242830215772654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3137539907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99284935,0.00017528466,0.006150213,0.000036826867,0.000006646507,0.000016631733,0.00013207679,0.000020476997,0.0006124924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972198,0.00021830939,0.0015835228,0.0000043146306,0.0000019995707,0.000018553166,0.00014663575,0.000008566727,0.0007982388],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988735,0.000020634525,0.0000089964105,0.000022214745,0.00004359161,0.000017249231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998826,0.000063670625,0.000017346458,0.000007870259,0.000021576181,0.000006859483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017992572,0.00043631444,0.00033642192,0.00016664118,0.00020475802,0.00060425425,0.00025399847,0.00055580196,0.00028304855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003486408,0.00016094756,0.0005943261,0.00023052606,0.00022700395,0.0003504551,0.00014497625,0.00028122557,0.000093590395],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038056143,0.00016997359,0.004386399,0.00029348617,0.00004422193,0.00014123338,0.00011739216,0.41868612,0.56575614,0.00078756385,0.00009946348,0.009137443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018175888,0.00045225595,0.005250167,0.000007338647,0.000023264212,0.00006232908,0.000094936695,0.6891929,0.30392447,0.00038716424,0.0005695178,0.000017419206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0052619157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026554062,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0052619157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042570295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037688157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010462582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138984884","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2021.01.063","title":"Superwetting polyethersulfone membrane functionalized with ZrO2 nanoparticles for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon removal","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Material Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Alberta; Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Coating; Hydrocarbon; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009679482746846768,"score_gpt":0.22970233782415414,"score_spread":0.22002285507730737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3138984884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901932,0.0013718178,0.0061398046,0.000118990305,0.00009092641,0.000018544042,0.000099002296,0.0001976962,0.0017700016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487203,0.0005633197,0.0017948368,0.00003684422,0.000013588919,0.000013788178,0.00006577383,0.000016613041,0.0026230987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999859,0.000010090311,0.000008587483,0.00002658869,0.00005003355,0.000045701756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999455,0.000009804582,0.000014452611,0.000006512924,0.000016463395,0.0000072376824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013729061,0.00037401268,0.00027632012,0.0002124441,0.00022877133,0.00029795448,0.00030916493,0.0005071295,0.0007734756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012408862,0.000201723,0.0004613789,0.0001490862,0.00014319322,0.00047177527,0.00025112764,0.00044135706,0.0003899442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018926408,0.000006388775,0.00002802124,0.000027854427,0.0000051956326,0.000025449499,0.000008669687,0.000063435116,0.9989478,0.00004354571,0.00004224972,0.00078242616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027715876,0.000033414537,0.0003126915,0.0000014965146,0.000008595215,0.000021142645,0.000011966324,0.00093900313,0.99812204,0.0000137506195,0.0005292014,0.000003974912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010381809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002073419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010381809,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002899692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020887771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025875568},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3142882166","doi":"","title":"Assessment of Ultrafiltration Membrane Ageing in Full-scale Water Treatment Facilities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Ageing; Scale (ratio); Full scale; Water treatment; Environmental science; Medicine; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Geography; Cartography; Internal medicine; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01691388849428162,"score_gpt":0.31086817648038145,"score_spread":0.29395428798609985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3142882166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973515,0.00037605254,0.0016322605,0.000014789341,0.0000035324624,0.00002944835,0.0001209655,0.000016633256,0.0004547399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963182,0.00042480874,0.002269448,0.000017181888,0.0000028269083,0.00002435257,0.00019244775,0.0000059568683,0.0007447162],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939847,0.0000904478,0.0000431477,0.000094464245,0.00030930593,0.00006422235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907184,0.0001780036,0.00024781696,0.00004695881,0.00041056421,0.000044848723],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010567317,0.00025283266,0.00034199646,0.00043494615,0.00027376317,0.0005824652,0.000324841,0.00068693305,0.0004455487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014203355,0.000100824116,0.0003130196,0.00032932597,0.00015295358,0.0006108918,0.00039492277,0.00027752115,0.00017600483],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053861924,0.00026024022,0.06846585,0.00042208805,0.00007337963,0.00022910887,0.00050079473,0.0035881163,0.88002694,0.00010268019,0.00012591167,0.04566634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009215802,0.0054921727,0.4659256,0.00006682077,0.00016360689,0.0004618273,0.0011486672,0.008709622,0.5153533,0.00015920508,0.002453131,0.000056768164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021987578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002665949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021987578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005660211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035085226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005588591},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3142960743","doi":"10.3390/membranes11040253","title":"The Effect of the Oleophobicity Deterioration of a Membrane Surface on Its Rejection Capacity: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Contact angle; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Leaching (pedology); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Mechanics; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.014516610972868054,"score_gpt":0.24425504975785142,"score_spread":0.22973843878498337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3142960743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98340845,0.00032668703,0.012151245,0.00027081347,0.000053253298,0.000047091075,0.00019861982,0.000081568316,0.0034623202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926651,0.00024017373,0.0059859166,0.00005804892,0.000010417121,0.000033555247,0.00011621898,0.000024028906,0.0008665042],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998795,0.000021502576,0.0000087273875,0.00002077818,0.000035173653,0.000034338613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993868,0.000390978,0.000055971348,0.000035420093,0.00010157754,0.000029174926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003713941,0.00039505944,0.0006588968,0.00040245012,0.00055683724,0.00085961045,0.00038869886,0.0011361868,0.0010572829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013947869,0.00023267952,0.00086052384,0.00026366985,0.00048421542,0.0005392547,0.00037056144,0.0006390452,0.00013110628],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019367615,0.00016843427,0.004520829,0.00014541685,0.000036842885,0.00034639993,0.00013160692,0.93339765,0.052491274,0.0016277638,0.0002476591,0.0066924067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008853432,0.0000475209,0.00082157674,0.000006403916,0.000008642611,0.000021423311,0.000030767387,0.99194556,0.0067783124,0.00009531315,0.0002241976,0.0000114825025],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010460287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038756137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010460287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050728663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072530564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020798802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3148517766","doi":"10.1007/s10570-021-03845-3","title":"A chitosan/dopamine-TiO2 composite nanofiltration membrane for antifouling in water purification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Biofouling; Membrane; Chitosan; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015860318972926675,"score_gpt":0.23900114738555103,"score_spread":0.22314082841262436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3148517766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782145,0.0038063636,0.015022657,0.00028057556,0.00012399525,0.000050642,0.00013397587,0.00016790643,0.0021994326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98859066,0.0009932902,0.0070895813,0.00007548565,0.00001928284,0.000014376932,0.00007285295,0.000014605466,0.0031298513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988186,0.000009270594,0.0000074729896,0.000028405675,0.000046158963,0.000026768621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999298,0.000009615674,0.000010967001,0.00000513669,0.000027255388,0.000017180842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016582251,0.00033550683,0.00019972875,0.00028876113,0.0002872309,0.00030009547,0.00037296288,0.0005942256,0.00048524764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013179982,0.0001765799,0.0003242265,0.00019462618,0.00016215663,0.0002906501,0.00016873174,0.00042457628,0.00020317614],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027119855,0.000010214084,0.000053682874,0.000032886113,0.000004039153,0.000034659344,0.0000037992309,0.000057016652,0.9982412,0.00004120313,0.00003995358,0.0014541887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053113217,0.000053132702,0.00069187436,0.0000015544964,0.00001166444,0.000069957605,0.0000049026507,0.0012404771,0.99719846,0.000008515943,0.00070957193,0.0000045962897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041140397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00608302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041140397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000737359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004381811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008180141},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3150010490","doi":"10.1002/app.50756","title":"Self‐doped sulfonated polyaniline ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced chlorine resistance and antifouling properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium hypochlorite; Chemical engineering; Chlorine; Phase inversion; Humic acid; Polyaniline; Fouling; Hypochlorite; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008798991847820634,"score_gpt":0.20906755198525517,"score_spread":0.20026856013743455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3150010490","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883908,0.0011750158,0.009256831,0.00007947677,0.000024124362,0.000027103604,0.000110939574,0.0001320576,0.0008035766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861464,0.0006802397,0.01143522,0.000048268546,0.000013820244,0.000028105806,0.00014720407,0.000024659605,0.0014760614],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999813,0.000028030563,0.000016962997,0.000037388076,0.000062184794,0.000042396314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984133,0.000023477542,0.00005473956,0.000011089667,0.00004712769,0.000022232583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026700227,0.0004646272,0.0002727154,0.00025437435,0.00013456108,0.0002507757,0.00025582465,0.00059857266,0.00036415271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023233388,0.0001588142,0.00034599588,0.0001915319,0.00019127422,0.00055702415,0.00020699642,0.0003443138,0.00014425477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010597626,0.0000064867245,0.000025533885,0.000023835497,0.0000020266257,0.000012759451,0.0000045115144,0.000039040046,0.9992538,0.000019812722,0.00000939504,0.00059222366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031452184,0.000068502435,0.00054870255,0.0000013695163,0.000004682806,0.000044662833,0.000003639593,0.00045721655,0.9983973,0.000006609075,0.00046125674,0.0000030512629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004018655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081801275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00059857266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034083333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017290031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002472937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3154729321","doi":"10.11113/amst.v25n1.210","title":"Fouling Challenges in Membrane Bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Process engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Computer science; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0351331700373655,"score_gpt":0.2581235716103256,"score_spread":0.22299040157296013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3154729321","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.046271484,0.92124146,0.019175272,0.0044797678,0.0018555658,0.000057951,0.00013639638,0.00015237943,0.0066297534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.17904261,0.7915058,0.01575833,0.0025832427,0.0014495543,0.00011719066,0.00032572978,0.00003147737,0.009186042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993087,0.00013456774,0.00006138234,0.000111140376,0.00031050286,0.00007376778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970204,0.000076659235,0.000049631708,0.0000104715655,0.00014212355,0.000019108596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087049225,0.00048916606,0.0007505886,0.0004268552,0.00048901595,0.0013700137,0.0005408788,0.0015908041,0.00074418244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005407113,0.00020870371,0.0005198469,0.0004484992,0.00026970793,0.0011461377,0.00063701544,0.0010262907,0.0007576654],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023889155,0.00012663777,0.0013255074,0.015306942,0.0001328486,0.0014427695,0.00035348127,0.0033697507,0.61216724,0.009749141,0.012690112,0.34309664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018852284,0.0009695108,0.0032049178,0.0013195138,0.00023022664,0.0032632502,0.00074447173,0.0069636256,0.41333777,0.009444788,0.5603858,0.00011718781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012377612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010063066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015908041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008198297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00069175573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005948305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155852567","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2021.105502","title":"A review on two-stage anaerobic digestion options for optimizing municipal wastewater sludge treatment process","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Anaerobic digestion; Thermophile; Pulp and paper industry; Yield (engineering); Principal component analysis; Resource recovery; Wastewater; Chemistry; Methane; Process (computing); Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Mathematics; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Materials science; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Statistics","score_opus":0.03457702390451387,"score_gpt":0.3029227452839691,"score_spread":0.2683457213794552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155852567","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00045737173,0.9982943,0.00032958365,0.00007921973,0.00014344252,0.000009486945,0.000040881856,0.000008983696,0.00063678436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014878372,0.9971179,0.00065424514,0.000080795886,0.00006390694,0.000009150253,0.000059071634,0.0000023618672,0.00052466494],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973017,0.000030192354,0.000047664824,0.00005383406,0.00011224101,0.000025861564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972445,0.00012024673,0.00005914455,0.000009042042,0.00007187523,0.000015250219],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005091087,0.0011888705,0.0019109052,0.002188092,0.00025651586,0.0009345417,0.0009855067,0.00092592236,0.0022480933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005386652,0.00043917826,0.0010614808,0.002829591,0.00023385827,0.0011769846,0.0005045848,0.00095638324,0.00090674154],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014682143,0.0002076068,0.00019569386,0.07557713,0.00034432218,0.000262307,0.00005381848,0.00092597137,0.018601447,0.0022955437,0.015061888,0.88632745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000402784,0.000526993,0.0017925581,0.0065656123,0.00092871103,0.00096175045,0.00006713421,0.00042840777,0.009713873,0.0010846255,0.97781414,0.00007587038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091137976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018655395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022480933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035663508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009129668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075205564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155990442","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-87601-4","title":"Development of layer-by-layer assembled polyamide-imide membranes for oil sands produced water treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Materials science; Coating; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.03222896047372376,"score_gpt":0.2721072675274586,"score_spread":0.23987830705373486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155990442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9419061,0.0027759117,0.05277314,0.00017779606,0.000084520194,0.00016535661,0.00017593394,0.0003886928,0.0015525251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93133897,0.002269369,0.06405978,0.000062099374,0.000019146597,0.00011684613,0.0001854249,0.00003569691,0.0019127235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987936,0.00001551895,0.000013055784,0.000021740234,0.000039738778,0.000030546344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999156,0.000011563552,0.00002810092,0.000006124657,0.000023556147,0.0000150079095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020108408,0.0005243956,0.0002980292,0.00024052795,0.00015987565,0.00023554823,0.0003473271,0.0005433482,0.00026597886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025412804,0.0002722592,0.0005524307,0.00014568964,0.00012384547,0.00048563472,0.0002590256,0.00056629116,0.00027822296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007749902,0.000009576416,0.00003036415,0.000036888116,0.000004724584,0.000027422439,0.000008121758,0.00010820226,0.9987968,0.00004442501,0.000009576826,0.00091600424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003950913,0.00010006665,0.0004089196,0.0000031757384,0.000011853515,0.000057566678,0.000008323534,0.001666176,0.9969681,0.000018908673,0.0007468348,0.000006119627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051803776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008909281,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005433482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023894712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022693363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017336607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157043933","doi":"10.1039/d1gc01113h","title":"High pressure switchable water: an alternative method for separating organic products from water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biomass (ecology); Environmentally friendly; Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Portable water purification; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Process engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Geology; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.015093290478893573,"score_gpt":0.25735571406402374,"score_spread":0.24226242358513017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157043933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5326048,0.032101523,0.39417586,0.006547309,0.0027397636,0.00021915506,0.00097344443,0.0018576377,0.028780507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85716796,0.019215947,0.08356643,0.0011525298,0.0005032309,0.00009663533,0.0005881561,0.0001603133,0.037548862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999824,0.000014704708,0.000004393866,0.00003392994,0.000102340215,0.000020574507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995625,0.000012900167,0.000008574259,0.0000041196904,0.000008505245,0.000009699641],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018299786,0.00036247825,0.00018495519,0.0003114188,0.00024148708,0.0005974672,0.0005306152,0.0007706217,0.0028412964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019960024,0.00015068345,0.00019358529,0.00032244914,0.00054103247,0.0016649901,0.00038847676,0.0009679944,0.0011317967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011712642,0.00003586276,0.0001433222,0.00021465389,0.000010024916,0.00020028713,0.000046737023,0.00018179778,0.94559354,0.0031135394,0.0013635485,0.048979595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028351575,0.00023768477,0.0002995056,0.000010040426,0.000013133843,0.00027324283,0.000042843993,0.002176309,0.9633513,0.0014485569,0.0321018,0.000017272972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037033542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00065020303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028412964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002111571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003234448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009505093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157387312","doi":"10.1021/jacs.1c00547","title":"Sequential Superassembly of Nanofiber Arrays to Carbonaceous Ordered Mesoporous Nanowires and Their Heterostructure Membranes for Osmotic Energy Conversion","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","keywords":"Membrane; Mesoporous material; Nanofiber; Nanotechnology; Nanowire; Hydrothermal carbonization; Heterojunction; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Carbonization; Adsorption; Catalysis; Optoelectronics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008126533863182293,"score_gpt":0.22317386260783853,"score_spread":0.21504732874465624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157387312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854388,0.0011654922,0.010304853,0.000086064014,0.000062434265,0.000037118472,0.00016935515,0.00017145771,0.0025645657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894957,0.00053306605,0.007787429,0.00003917393,0.000016922331,0.000030950323,0.00012501658,0.000025575118,0.0019463273],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999292,0.000005009701,0.0000064809456,0.000022133874,0.000022142574,0.000015099981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999484,0.000009259511,0.00001744738,0.000005549932,0.000008710959,0.000010664324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008639553,0.000248753,0.00013932724,0.0001647607,0.0001289889,0.00013108716,0.00015089466,0.00021860485,0.00054821634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011365465,0.00014407551,0.00018172142,0.00010535339,0.00009789904,0.00025336404,0.00015842912,0.00022542258,0.0002306835],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006387624,0.0000068501304,0.000041839616,0.000013727208,0.0000021536725,0.00001564503,0.0000061360265,0.00006567003,0.99887735,0.00006314949,0.00002278441,0.000878336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032538317,0.000042068114,0.0006808701,0.0000016972846,0.0000033717922,0.00003107217,0.000007887135,0.0012782371,0.9971232,0.000021035392,0.00080445065,0.0000028980749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039914704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019322968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054821634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021756081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013966723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018339753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158595354","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2021.117202","title":"Impact of influent deviations on polymer coagulant dose in warm lime softening of synthetic SAGD produced water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); Stantec (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lime; Chemistry; Organic matter; Hard water; Flocculation; Softening; Humic acid; Sodium bicarbonate; Pulp and paper industry; Nuclear chemistry; Metallurgy; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Fertilizer; Composite material","score_opus":0.06496649030841498,"score_gpt":0.3660067934489947,"score_spread":0.3010403031405797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158595354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991732,0.0000962392,0.00028403458,0.000020498286,0.000006911831,0.000004720279,0.000085158616,0.000012840609,0.0003162461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994318,0.000052735904,0.00014470081,0.000010790733,0.0000012246213,0.0000024596131,0.000045150227,0.0000043004675,0.00030694366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964345,0.000051313786,0.000039325452,0.00008835393,0.00011547595,0.000062071864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957746,0.0002080058,0.0000548206,0.000038382426,0.000086231834,0.000035005905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003769698,0.00023225084,0.00027332632,0.00019885995,0.00028185287,0.0005869522,0.00022269094,0.00039958302,0.00132623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009067566,0.00014295024,0.00032317112,0.00023426667,0.00031839331,0.00025878145,0.00031414969,0.00035940052,0.00020481522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016624468,0.00009561475,0.007925683,0.00011858258,0.000040453066,0.00018663773,0.00017481249,0.0026228419,0.9792292,0.00008138644,0.000078083074,0.0077843266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010021091,0.00082384923,0.01594304,0.0000059041554,0.000027984439,0.000032098058,0.00012745713,0.0018854248,0.98066574,0.000025273635,0.00044238855,0.00001083371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024252362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003193304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024252362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004817227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035398992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004822254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163549422","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118948","title":"Comparative DCMD performance of hydrophobic-hydrophilic dual-layer hollow fibre PVDF membranes incorporated with different concentrations of carbon-based nanoparticles","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Permeation; Nanoparticle; Carbon nanotube; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Desalination","score_opus":0.017879084370731903,"score_gpt":0.2483248149110553,"score_spread":0.23044573054032338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163549422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942344,0.0014845689,0.0018474685,0.00009377702,0.000063364176,0.000012516092,0.00044693844,0.000051701045,0.0017652574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946402,0.0010216205,0.0016832737,0.000047928228,0.000015322785,0.00002257484,0.0004354584,0.000016927781,0.0021167547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997429,0.000028589346,0.000025941383,0.00004815376,0.00006771078,0.00008665124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997274,0.00008773787,0.00003894997,0.000023150762,0.00009934705,0.000023285678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002762506,0.00037485172,0.00033099798,0.00024847256,0.00027086187,0.0002569099,0.00027000046,0.0005429638,0.0015790173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037462005,0.00016029816,0.0003615678,0.00026365023,0.00018961307,0.00043937442,0.00015832069,0.00044908165,0.00041069722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038944013,0.000031481282,0.00016613767,0.00011885366,0.000012392326,0.000037924605,0.000029944007,0.00015290102,0.9969151,0.00006135193,0.000086487176,0.001997966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030629155,0.00009125425,0.0009350345,0.0000029858006,0.000008416863,0.00001959293,0.000018788418,0.0004662236,0.99804014,0.0000095094,0.00040039278,0.0000045407824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016544099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018057784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016544099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033091597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019666998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052823424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163604673","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130796","title":"Modifying thin-film composite forward osmosis membranes using various SiO2 nanoparticles for aquaculture wastewater recovery","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Wastewater; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Chromatography; Surface modification; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.022218169131224354,"score_gpt":0.24642910918104743,"score_spread":0.2242109400498231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163604673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948409,0.000465848,0.0033039243,0.00004046736,0.000034819932,0.000011436637,0.000051958294,0.00005787805,0.0011926602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945418,0.0004404025,0.0031154538,0.00003294817,0.00000871391,0.000011628595,0.000050935534,0.000012896291,0.0017853322],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999347,0.000005479008,0.00000605257,0.000017717332,0.000020492596,0.000015537933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999567,0.000010334262,0.000011230516,0.0000032721243,0.000012781682,0.0000056520635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011402482,0.00037994538,0.00014865636,0.000150338,0.00015915044,0.00020997015,0.00013592301,0.00033547805,0.00055257796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000111794674,0.00018416559,0.00030982323,0.00009374939,0.00012239614,0.00030499164,0.00015754935,0.00028257343,0.00019098335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015224726,0.0000051375728,0.00004379474,0.000021814425,0.0000029421176,0.000014821413,0.0000066984035,0.0000916397,0.9992304,0.000021226218,0.0000128250285,0.0005333407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022004438,0.000031313008,0.00040809117,0.0000016428884,0.0000069424273,0.00001323371,0.00000879856,0.00070467434,0.99845064,0.000008380644,0.0003619952,0.0000021783612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084928126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024088293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084928126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023190257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019276858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018485188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166984293","doi":"10.1007/s10924-021-02189-0","title":"PBAT-based Microfiltration Membranes Using Porogen Saturated Solutions: Architecture, Morphology, and Environmental Profile","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Context (archaeology); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Thermogravimetric analysis; Sodium; Microfiltration; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011825808300234745,"score_gpt":0.20998452212467247,"score_spread":0.19815871382443773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166984293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99499524,0.00039876433,0.0037268272,0.00004731893,0.000008297253,0.000008588734,0.00008430251,0.000056956807,0.0006737602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99398994,0.00033614406,0.004077278,0.000022625216,0.0000030822878,0.000008545905,0.000142822,0.000016201773,0.0014033372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992967,0.000006393701,0.0000040683494,0.000018278935,0.000024260104,0.0000172943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999007,0.000023711516,0.00002163728,0.000010395807,0.00003160991,0.000011852203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001564031,0.00019976607,0.00013380121,0.00017419734,0.00021034888,0.00034263023,0.00018921429,0.00038744824,0.0006357233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021600563,0.00019237383,0.00015614173,0.00016217983,0.00018932583,0.0005367678,0.000120005265,0.00040213697,0.0002400203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055097276,0.000012867,0.0002917221,0.000015706451,0.0000030639371,0.000020203135,0.000025100897,0.00012081809,0.9980494,0.00010314526,0.00002499822,0.0012778757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011312851,0.0000365932,0.0012414178,0.0000013513035,0.0000033032618,0.000044196815,0.000013688141,0.0005288585,0.997801,0.000014564268,0.00031145036,0.000002335647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007076963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010591495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007076963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022326435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012824398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021266937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169543503","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131015","title":"Membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of P-availability controlled by N:P ratio","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005180334636587498,"score_gpt":0.2112118594229144,"score_spread":0.20603152478632691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169543503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99867505,0.00031457547,0.0006756109,0.00005496199,0.000015815322,0.000007124337,0.000054426047,0.000027874665,0.00017455927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99741554,0.00028420088,0.0013132044,0.000029508183,0.0000046596074,0.000008714686,0.000052498377,0.00001268693,0.00087905413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997379,0.000032462674,0.000021298072,0.00006514009,0.00007389158,0.0000691995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979204,0.000066997374,0.000032501608,0.00001688256,0.000052642034,0.000038934217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033258903,0.00031874015,0.00041045024,0.00012731699,0.0003419632,0.00036587295,0.00042354668,0.00069643237,0.00042169244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004201747,0.00025328578,0.0003015754,0.0001726298,0.00020350437,0.00039587135,0.00022696414,0.00048825116,0.00022053043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018055234,0.000021971982,0.00007446982,0.000016977221,0.0000037290524,0.000017995644,0.000011352882,0.000047170288,0.9991258,0.000008237214,0.000011359737,0.00048043768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045395363,0.00011587929,0.00077826023,0.0000012313049,0.000005320092,0.000016916523,0.00000976977,0.000540475,0.99841166,0.0000029970242,0.000110075656,0.0000028764243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068183504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0075388667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068183504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052964984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045275458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013557315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169725888","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2021.130704","title":"Effective strategy for UV-mediated grafting of biocidal Ag-MOFs on polymeric membranes aimed at enhanced water ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Grafting; Surface modification; Leaching (pedology); Materials science; Water treatment; Chemistry; Hydrophilization; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.007317910289358168,"score_gpt":0.21795477564912086,"score_spread":0.2106368653597627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169725888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97760576,0.0013228232,0.018298667,0.000112162576,0.000054635533,0.00005084454,0.00010634035,0.00015847279,0.002290328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99210113,0.00048098213,0.005882193,0.000041057625,0.00000662644,0.000025054547,0.000051383005,0.000013302994,0.0013983089],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999192,0.0000066567272,0.00000520522,0.000018559404,0.000022730806,0.000027574848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999541,0.000007065708,0.000015912132,0.0000060992165,0.000010154098,0.000006788535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010736411,0.00037416109,0.00017378376,0.00015680912,0.00019710154,0.00022766463,0.00024975085,0.00046591225,0.00056586595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011269202,0.00013312887,0.00028510747,0.00010389522,0.0001587644,0.00026994897,0.00027240772,0.0004949317,0.00018927583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018417895,0.000014222112,0.000055614633,0.000046033743,0.0000059421354,0.000051996383,0.000018932558,0.00009340847,0.99779725,0.0001892172,0.000030656196,0.0016783414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023377318,0.00002999708,0.0002876112,0.0000025726677,0.000005088105,0.00004447972,0.0000072813423,0.00043376404,0.9984812,0.00003017247,0.0006720566,0.0000033324113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053655426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010768335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056586595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002369041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017514285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018929839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3170045849","doi":"10.1111/ijac.13824","title":"Innovative in situ investigations using synchrotron‐based micro tomography and molecular dynamics simulation for fouling assessment in ceramic membranes for dairy and food industry","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Materials science; Ceramic; Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Synchrotron; Chemical engineering; Membrane structure; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.016853544844834676,"score_gpt":0.3005982226663076,"score_spread":0.2837446778214729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3170045849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9547952,0.00017445255,0.044023372,0.00009048382,0.000012338579,0.000019835265,0.00008781098,0.00010134133,0.0006952561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9765862,0.00014996434,0.022830281,0.000008086347,0.0000023951825,0.000023621214,0.00005136112,0.000008389439,0.00033958544],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999471,0.000008684719,0.0000032053763,0.000009267814,0.000023816507,0.000007895086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999131,0.00003059405,0.0000157645,0.00000941934,0.00002439303,0.000006758329],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022538798,0.00019949522,0.00020427695,0.00016911377,0.00024418157,0.0002839976,0.00026508013,0.00035045212,0.00049181446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002337076,0.00018342184,0.00032142887,0.00023207044,0.0002034452,0.0003411649,0.00018865206,0.00025551094,0.000047318634],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011346193,0.00017294165,0.009485599,0.00018173837,0.000042720374,0.00016448456,0.00016320095,0.24892844,0.727767,0.0020788207,0.00019085803,0.010710731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010032978,0.00007934397,0.0028045517,0.000004182208,0.000011132269,0.000032737134,0.00007519232,0.9019897,0.09418928,0.00025134243,0.0005421393,0.000010372666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030288082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027652634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030288082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036912254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047560537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006022334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3170319353","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131207","title":"Planning of smart gating membranes for water treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation; Iran's National Elites Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Gating; Self-healing hydrogels; Desalination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Biophysics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0684984365775626,"score_gpt":0.3329541767064315,"score_spread":0.2644557401288689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3170319353","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003097162,0.99511296,0.0016928819,0.0003949234,0.0001757245,0.000015014702,0.000042677115,0.00002094381,0.002235059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0024452833,0.9938188,0.0020170875,0.00021340865,0.00008007818,0.000019007959,0.00008220985,0.000005259547,0.0013188736],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973196,0.000044246757,0.000023542008,0.000052331638,0.00011441984,0.000033476026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997155,0.00012743336,0.000050988347,0.000012301793,0.000078672136,0.000015102341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009154715,0.0010594684,0.0012178511,0.0012287023,0.0002250401,0.0011476771,0.0012239726,0.0017339671,0.003606117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007380487,0.0004251998,0.00080856844,0.0013546932,0.0004460778,0.0017022192,0.00071393885,0.0015392137,0.0016216927],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008750525,0.000071787355,0.0001000084,0.02102989,0.00006649072,0.00012791013,0.000027646365,0.002936443,0.0072753816,0.013687321,0.013108163,0.94148153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028712451,0.00016257376,0.00043850314,0.0051451134,0.00016418577,0.00043979095,0.000050988456,0.0010333802,0.0056416853,0.0058427174,0.9810192,0.000033066113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019938499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031525523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003606117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009939972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017843805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0120636225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3172293766","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-195625/v1","title":"Effect of Organic Loading Rate on the Biological Performance of the Thermophilic Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Pulp and Paper Primary Sludge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Digestate; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp (tooth); Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Biofuel; Paper mill; Anaerobic exercise; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.03373848621769315,"score_gpt":0.3026634842868274,"score_spread":0.2689249980691342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3172293766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987056,0.00046330577,0.00030775086,0.00003155564,0.000018538274,0.000012506369,0.00010376914,0.000014535451,0.00034229842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99815196,0.0005063717,0.00071359257,0.00002731529,0.000009135856,0.0000196709,0.000121531775,0.0000071670147,0.00044308053],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995751,0.00009692731,0.000071298564,0.00008097893,0.00009377366,0.00008194473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995433,0.00014938982,0.00012934099,0.00003019892,0.00007422139,0.00007360784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042469957,0.00063086033,0.0005524444,0.0003042424,0.00019750679,0.0007854702,0.00031015687,0.00056648516,0.00079737743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005934262,0.00025886585,0.0003924645,0.0002619215,0.00020145543,0.00048720534,0.00036030845,0.00060253043,0.00029909777],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005779839,0.00013435338,0.0006903817,0.00010011078,0.000020304959,0.00005194501,0.000039920786,0.00030982823,0.9965804,0.000018140181,0.00002616564,0.0014505233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021815633,0.0013248961,0.008095345,0.000028910832,0.00005665624,0.000053851556,0.00011341881,0.0016300821,0.98809505,0.000014222196,0.00054608774,0.000019706189],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001190351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011179232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001190351,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003278933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030403477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026675463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174010627","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070492","title":"Study of Acid Whey Fouling after Protein Isolation Using Nanofiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Lactose; Bar (unit); Lactic acid; Food science; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.02641857153762984,"score_gpt":0.2619763050745118,"score_spread":0.23555773353688197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174010627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919391,0.001609659,0.0059984615,0.000037480804,0.000016138321,0.000018961877,0.000052409876,0.000017478065,0.0003102505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919178,0.001459563,0.0057347408,0.00003535658,0.000010318733,0.000016236494,0.00010732144,0.000015789068,0.00070293306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975663,0.00003837225,0.000013829973,0.000038170925,0.00011115711,0.000041792904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998312,0.00005770541,0.00003870373,0.0000070958126,0.00005134697,0.000013888661],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037491697,0.0003489481,0.00035230443,0.000170749,0.0002490133,0.00021929397,0.00017672357,0.00042145659,0.00018145805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050124904,0.0000938119,0.0003723946,0.0001795225,0.00018216294,0.00046379637,0.00017291498,0.00032870017,0.00008466083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048393387,0.000008148149,0.00043374923,0.00006873805,0.000006932803,0.000049927225,0.00005270279,0.000099517776,0.9975915,0.000017427603,0.0000073278643,0.0016156689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018981218,0.0001437612,0.0030201795,0.00000550471,0.000013725725,0.00008148055,0.00004688983,0.001106493,0.9949951,0.0000158595,0.0005639186,0.0000051762836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021929303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020507758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021929303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030224866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020841598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004360318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174476808","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070485","title":"Special Issue “Membrane Technologies for Sustainable Biofood Production Lines”","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Urbanization; Production (economics); Natural resource economics; Business; Population growth; Population; Sustainable production; Economic growth; Economics; Medicine; Environmental health","score_opus":0.012568026454402317,"score_gpt":0.24520698899572563,"score_spread":0.23263896254132332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174476808","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00082016364,0.035139777,0.0016172151,0.027534205,0.9030944,0.00019145069,0.0005241236,0.0002991654,0.0307796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0040876763,0.055354167,0.0010932513,0.018789861,0.7975225,0.00015850434,0.0015644608,0.00027234128,0.12115723],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984699,0.00013261601,0.00015166297,0.00025376084,0.00075668877,0.00023537854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99578506,0.0007538082,0.00040933688,0.00021029942,0.0020982877,0.000743232],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025801347,0.0020526883,0.0018811219,0.0025361557,0.0016402924,0.004582191,0.0028696693,0.00719652,0.039590646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031314625,0.00067083334,0.0018453923,0.0014629407,0.0009954021,0.00389304,0.0020435727,0.0042689093,0.023866074],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000111631896,0.00006191708,0.00008304422,0.000965885,0.000028254211,0.00017197664,0.000012866967,0.00011561391,0.0024350595,0.0014724821,0.9659077,0.028633466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013971704,0.000066807625,0.000289202,0.00016277173,0.0000232714,0.00020038075,0.000013969972,0.00015782291,0.0016087439,0.0010621944,0.9963883,0.000012445905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007944249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013655612,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039590646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001592637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026327143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13244396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174541067","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.157","title":"A photo-Fenton nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane for enhanced dye removal with self-cleaning properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Photocatalysis; Fouling; Phase inversion; Hydrophilization; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010131299303474254,"score_gpt":0.2361065329310149,"score_spread":0.22597523362754066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174541067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800352,0.0017597473,0.015831694,0.00022868656,0.00007380603,0.000039684775,0.00009038792,0.00034153904,0.0015992629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98955977,0.00046194124,0.0068398486,0.00005856252,0.000012260606,0.000018577959,0.000061026076,0.000022649956,0.0029653725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998665,0.0000107188225,0.000009415892,0.000031433785,0.000055164488,0.000026741876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999081,0.000013681144,0.000019319874,0.000009411023,0.000035656416,0.0000138229425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016026638,0.00035384452,0.00025595567,0.00025862188,0.0002310989,0.0002855201,0.00030973932,0.0007211263,0.00053534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016281634,0.0002006901,0.00039841092,0.00014264414,0.00015148416,0.00039573395,0.00020760993,0.0004163623,0.00025318147],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018137089,0.000009956936,0.000030983258,0.000025622658,0.0000025436975,0.000025426461,0.0000056302365,0.000035637713,0.99855286,0.00003166143,0.0000328523,0.0012287567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028826676,0.000056641966,0.00044737014,0.0000012212038,0.0000075413077,0.00007730411,0.0000035203236,0.0007666765,0.99811316,0.000007523091,0.00051269814,0.0000035966846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075108657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015965854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075108657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035759856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021716932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025945902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175025234","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070475","title":"Graphene Oxide Membranes for High Salinity, Produced Water Separation by Pervaporation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Membrane; Pervaporation; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Emulsion; Oxide; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Desalination; Hydrolysis; Salt (chemistry); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Permeation; Environmental science","score_opus":0.017968524272001702,"score_gpt":0.2607221790809473,"score_spread":0.2427536548089456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3175025234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.933231,0.017701048,0.038607985,0.0009634219,0.00021781653,0.000108635715,0.0006004603,0.000547171,0.00802242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828924,0.0042103655,0.009798753,0.0001129813,0.00001679434,0.000030694504,0.00021195109,0.000020457383,0.0027055764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998795,0.000015406524,0.000007023375,0.000021823787,0.00005895469,0.000017288667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994683,0.0000112339285,0.000016080967,0.0000054060056,0.000013800242,0.000006638716],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014282299,0.00034018685,0.00017237487,0.0003013389,0.00022212135,0.00022836032,0.00024582352,0.00051142945,0.0007377867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014910425,0.00011869784,0.00031537015,0.00021176136,0.00014697263,0.00032319053,0.00028465714,0.00042113886,0.0003442104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013162797,0.000007846204,0.00006868981,0.0000825283,0.000006134143,0.000039304952,0.00000786642,0.00014527426,0.9959829,0.00014058873,0.000081791775,0.0034238494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043710656,0.00010268059,0.0012380017,0.000009098344,0.000013267766,0.00012030594,0.000017942813,0.001432489,0.99069387,0.00012984722,0.0062293066,0.0000088471925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090902305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021568164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090902305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033913233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001452023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024681687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175341753","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2021-0154","title":"Hybrid treatment system to remove micromolecular SMPs from fruit wastewater treated with an MBR","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Dissolved organic carbon; Reverse osmosis; Sorption; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Coagulation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental science; Activated carbon; Membrane; Waste management; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006276758825589372,"score_gpt":0.1709113366188978,"score_spread":0.16463457779330842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3175341753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860364,0.0008616004,0.010849845,0.00009655657,0.000048466663,0.00012542459,0.00027625836,0.0005330365,0.0011724673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770031,0.00053494994,0.01676156,0.00013131474,0.000021147313,0.000104372826,0.00029464357,0.00004028016,0.0051085292],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985063,0.000012339412,0.000009783721,0.00004223853,0.000060307866,0.000024692348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995863,0.0000050090935,0.0000104784895,0.000004286197,0.000012240096,0.000009348657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013631565,0.00042903423,0.0005254764,0.00036136262,0.00027051012,0.0004113786,0.0003925055,0.00072087755,0.0010942317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001037677,0.0001640246,0.0004990936,0.0001930296,0.0001064777,0.00032467008,0.00030999043,0.00043971863,0.00062912656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031862328,0.000027851258,0.000065721135,0.000043008506,0.0000063705456,0.000025019834,0.00000791179,0.00007643798,0.99790204,0.000022449056,0.000034676326,0.0017566556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011672168,0.00032966377,0.0010978364,0.0000048661514,0.000022059447,0.000091863716,0.000011220871,0.0018923896,0.99494284,0.00001534282,0.0015708604,0.000009410441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001447468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001972074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001447468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033391072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021002922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036605597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176393167","doi":"10.1002/app.51304","title":"Molecular dynamics simulation for investigating and assessing reaction conditions between carboxylated polyethersulfone and polyethyleneimine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanofiltration; Amine gas treating; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Molecular dynamics; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chromatography; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.019358675467392797,"score_gpt":0.29971105816757915,"score_spread":0.28035238270018636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176393167","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422749,0.0005716682,0.037405595,0.0008166464,0.00023177447,0.0002505162,0.0014148598,0.0004163447,0.016617823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9710424,0.00032136095,0.023949888,0.00015057017,0.000026351936,0.00054807274,0.0011500956,0.00006763095,0.0027436076],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988306,0.000029797387,0.000004808178,0.000017556114,0.000033306056,0.000031589043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941385,0.00035168423,0.00003784811,0.000027127151,0.00010392218,0.00006552902],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004810053,0.0007468545,0.0007883222,0.0005317529,0.0010266482,0.00053697714,0.00089661806,0.0014284499,0.0037482989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011379572,0.00047798414,0.0008532709,0.0004936476,0.0005297177,0.0005901353,0.00043059833,0.0010837049,0.00025552823],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002036746,0.00026745573,0.0029643388,0.00012529673,0.00009024518,0.00016241918,0.00007582112,0.9835565,0.0042683706,0.0047970014,0.000743617,0.0027452987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037212107,0.000034200417,0.0002853302,0.0000053157346,0.000007319592,0.0000055301575,0.000013135933,0.998522,0.00048242,0.0002802037,0.00032249157,0.0000047514213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015276924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011753209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015276924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010669597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019672727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.030375957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180507809","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2021.06.023","title":"Comparative analysis of aeration and oscillation in a suspended catalyst photocatalytic membrane reactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; American University of Sharjah","keywords":"Aeration; Photocatalysis; Membrane reactor; Membrane; Catalysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Oscillation (cell signaling); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01711372217264754,"score_gpt":0.24461058763244908,"score_spread":0.22749686545980155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180507809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982614,0.00018077674,0.0011377486,0.000015127391,0.0000058126884,0.0000043262485,0.00004032836,0.000018404722,0.0003360998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99916625,0.00008650385,0.00038177118,0.0000035002902,0.0000030741335,0.000004068726,0.000050563176,0.00000516363,0.000299108],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998392,0.000025237996,0.000009708832,0.000034516557,0.000063004474,0.000028267617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997557,0.00012392031,0.000027037675,0.000013536131,0.00005856781,0.000021298247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025194304,0.00014864559,0.00025197738,0.00024288129,0.00022020875,0.00036490458,0.00021387225,0.00025449003,0.00045036987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039754095,0.000085732245,0.00029203726,0.0002164978,0.0002061355,0.00020538607,0.000120482124,0.00019799193,0.00009178158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005386559,0.000025988518,0.0017277022,0.000027546086,0.0000098763,0.000048347192,0.00003108417,0.00050966494,0.9925937,0.000065347034,0.000024574645,0.004397487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021396305,0.0007554285,0.030895606,0.0000041118415,0.000041896288,0.000077039964,0.00009677519,0.014446778,0.9529685,0.00006426674,0.0006163608,0.0000118990065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014290361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009562821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014290361,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029657033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017923686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002841413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180651066","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149022","title":"Technical, economic and environmental feasibility of resource recovery technologies from wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","keywords":"Resource recovery; Wastewater; Resource (disambiguation); Sewage treatment; Circular economy; Environmental science; Business; Energy recovery; Sewage; Waste management; Resource efficiency; Sustainable development; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Energy (signal processing); Economics; Ecology","score_opus":0.0268109819041256,"score_gpt":0.25397878655873307,"score_spread":0.22716780465460748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180651066","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001962984,0.99897325,0.00012853408,0.00008841552,0.00005983127,0.0000029662428,0.000019936806,0.00000207164,0.00052868604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010578255,0.99837613,0.00016944541,0.00005222425,0.000051975963,0.0000037538468,0.00002955858,7.7443e-7,0.0002582953],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996594,0.00004235424,0.00004279024,0.000056017856,0.0001669484,0.00003246564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994492,0.0002962501,0.00009947971,0.000015217026,0.0001204398,0.000019368146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010720406,0.0010805597,0.0015986725,0.0020891947,0.00019086739,0.0013674885,0.0010575777,0.001265631,0.0020843074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010243679,0.0003825898,0.00088773854,0.00286836,0.0003898628,0.00130934,0.00056187034,0.0014133462,0.0008885446],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001220449,0.000097431,0.0001681145,0.040303707,0.00019457817,0.00011348833,0.000027986367,0.0009616962,0.005928662,0.006150886,0.012027751,0.9339037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034037508,0.00026633375,0.0018350104,0.007221126,0.0006046137,0.00076014356,0.0000571809,0.00042414106,0.004933349,0.0031372553,0.98067915,0.000047686663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016746529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023499564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020891947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000741849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012864199,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00697273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184849730","doi":"10.3390/membranes11080556","title":"Feasibility of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis for Electricity Generation at Low Temperatures","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Mitacs; Concordia University","keywords":"Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Salinity; Electricity generation; Power density; Osmosis; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Osmotic pressure; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Pressure gradient; Electricity; Chemistry; Power (physics); Engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.027831081789804438,"score_gpt":0.26539742521556564,"score_spread":0.23756634342576122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3184849730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98226446,0.00082698656,0.014516655,0.00019651534,0.000028858007,0.000019051726,0.00008811562,0.00008326564,0.0019761221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994905,0.00043304198,0.004031327,0.000015349742,0.000004251654,0.000007781913,0.000050336974,0.0000068452823,0.0005460477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989355,0.000016561464,0.0000067339042,0.00001792286,0.00004891399,0.000016436796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999362,0.000014335687,0.000012354717,0.000005808038,0.000022649332,0.000008614264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018337724,0.00017903087,0.00011211376,0.0001532384,0.00019105857,0.0003095569,0.00021125014,0.00026530112,0.0005949104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001985131,0.000083614446,0.00022789832,0.00012055982,0.00020001346,0.00045373337,0.00015774446,0.00036030638,0.00026317057],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033742217,0.000010927481,0.000309475,0.000041236264,0.0000028817203,0.000038579943,0.000012206167,0.00024751504,0.9959978,0.00021957287,0.00003484211,0.0030513033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052827604,0.00012787488,0.0014410897,0.0000035825624,0.0000072586927,0.00007304849,0.000029573483,0.0021364354,0.9945602,0.0001077288,0.0015027974,0.0000050271437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004919434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007210627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005949104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001910994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021207453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001990199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187231802","doi":"10.1039/d1en00288k","title":"Development of robust and superamphiphobic membranes using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/PVDF-HFP nanocomposite mats for membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Nano","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Graphene; Nanocomposite; Membrane; Biofouling; Wetting; Materials science; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Desalination; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.022077024550686684,"score_gpt":0.24184404059382208,"score_spread":0.2197670160431354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187231802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96657026,0.0013173734,0.029065324,0.00020389007,0.00005693607,0.00008528812,0.00022701653,0.0002716633,0.0022022228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9747644,0.00069118367,0.021411499,0.000046527377,0.000010274232,0.000060344264,0.00020152812,0.000028928349,0.0027853176],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988925,0.000012020285,0.000009214005,0.000022789054,0.000044079385,0.000022684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999119,0.000017525757,0.00001944238,0.000010562155,0.000025714313,0.000014831055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016217813,0.0003275662,0.00015427037,0.00020996237,0.00016143786,0.00023626057,0.00024624108,0.00050735456,0.0006654102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002182687,0.00019978399,0.00021444296,0.00013546317,0.0001186605,0.00045791702,0.0002870166,0.00047917094,0.00026582752],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000097806,0.000009711725,0.0000306581,0.000021098389,0.0000027554527,0.000014116038,0.000006143572,0.000051441704,0.9984665,0.00006380148,0.000024736268,0.0012993565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016367961,0.000026429354,0.00015795004,9.549706e-7,0.0000022445568,0.000020157999,0.0000044162994,0.00048087773,0.9987509,0.000011621139,0.00054046436,0.0000022367315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029131284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011516776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006654102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021140346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017007839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002225995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187358701","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131822","title":"Parametric analysis of lignocellulosic ultrafiltration in lab scale cross flow module using pore blocking and artificial neural network model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lignin; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Lignocellulosic biomass; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.024676332782383372,"score_gpt":0.26301782669939444,"score_spread":0.23834149391701107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187358701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.867385,0.00018789874,0.12970485,0.00007248959,0.000014448502,0.000019086398,0.00014170834,0.0002528097,0.0022216637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959473,0.000043494478,0.0033717158,0.0000033464771,0.0000012984185,0.000012410322,0.00004656492,0.0000075940657,0.000566349],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999155,0.000013066969,0.000004425608,0.000022305148,0.00003056834,0.000014192015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998161,0.000108115775,0.00002214402,0.000012790931,0.000035708777,0.000005039229],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026845545,0.00027926578,0.00025952669,0.00018949325,0.00022162464,0.00032661413,0.00033288563,0.00034347267,0.0008086998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040206817,0.00013895574,0.00041592456,0.00022303901,0.00017156679,0.00033593475,0.00017534937,0.0002922626,0.000076871605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021343795,0.00012818232,0.0026690967,0.000114988936,0.00003414437,0.00009052497,0.00006384686,0.8908091,0.069879055,0.0007602392,0.00023921544,0.034998067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017151161,0.000034852575,0.0017065936,0.0000012204111,0.00000451757,0.0000061003575,0.000006933248,0.9905302,0.007548214,0.000086051674,0.00006813457,0.0000053791737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053349603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004167449,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0053349603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003426807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032028087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010607839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189719971","doi":"10.3390/membranes11080600","title":"Research and Development Journey and Future Trends of Hollow Fiber Membranes for Purification Applications (1970–2020): A Bibliometric Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Scopus; Mainstream; China; Bibliometrics; Political science; Engineering; Computer science; Data science; Library science; MEDLINE","score_opus":0.0516776697822232,"score_gpt":0.3332065268796938,"score_spread":0.2815288570974706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189719971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76846504,0.15016101,0.0035389778,0.0077624978,0.00029704196,0.00022392083,0.023981221,0.00020156844,0.04536863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8829819,0.09593694,0.005514882,0.0003073919,0.00023412703,0.00015154266,0.010852677,0.000049357546,0.0039712205],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966773,0.00046647227,0.00071625714,0.00030850788,0.0015785355,0.00025303173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98707294,0.004747855,0.0029281932,0.00024119059,0.004419863,0.00058995216],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0055434126,0.00042152507,0.0006374959,0.032472793,0.0006447908,0.005114804,0.00046658245,0.0005324422,0.0021651066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012809836,0.00015669971,0.0010841195,0.07358528,0.00042437538,0.0043112068,0.0010342731,0.00040803166,0.000715605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032670825,0.00012237721,0.5034869,0.0116011035,0.00081187696,0.0010467852,0.0047862865,0.002511833,0.002670582,0.008762198,0.012153587,0.4517198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020578207,0.00031839596,0.81910026,0.0047240993,0.0013583669,0.00198101,0.014218909,0.0040749493,0.004168834,0.0025623136,0.1473775,0.000094769486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006193128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009218664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9675272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002285149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0043350467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029316723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189758937","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102016","title":"Simultaneous removal of silica and TOC from steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) produced water using iron-hydroxide-coated walnut shell filter media","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydroxide; Dispersion (optics); Chemistry; Filter (signal processing); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011308497426175125,"score_gpt":0.2216291406510758,"score_spread":0.21032064322490068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189758937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99816364,0.00023446343,0.0010475924,0.000019534287,0.000009438563,0.0000067524593,0.00004842488,0.000028228158,0.0004419859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967975,0.0002609785,0.0014711206,0.000015921963,0.0000047835547,0.000005133513,0.000075392185,0.000008406671,0.0013608054],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999187,0.0000068849376,0.000007566811,0.000015767746,0.000032848206,0.000018291044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994993,0.000009721491,0.000011475938,0.0000037215723,0.000017448823,0.000007718553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009206524,0.00023817354,0.00021387613,0.00019665723,0.00017005684,0.00027107244,0.00014028522,0.0002085064,0.00034075908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010814945,0.00013164445,0.00031676592,0.00014368423,0.000119717464,0.00018671987,0.00016031819,0.00022719364,0.00012305217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037683236,0.0000054835555,0.000121365236,0.00002051416,0.0000028830711,0.00002217839,0.0000090401645,0.000041965708,0.99875855,0.000014511759,0.000011582921,0.0009541987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002076265,0.000056804274,0.0008056695,9.970859e-7,0.0000062454887,0.000014744499,0.000009785856,0.0003842967,0.99848205,0.0000044027233,0.00023062144,0.0000025406998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016271841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004184705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016271841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020034595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022052055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032354593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3191342578","doi":"10.3390/w13152123","title":"Treatment of Effluent of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Bioreactor for Water Reuse","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University; University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.01939836217850012,"score_gpt":0.24589472802655013,"score_spread":0.22649636584805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3191342578","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931117,0.0011101239,0.0045653493,0.00007958155,0.000027588338,0.000049660757,0.0001845077,0.000050605762,0.0008209048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900309,0.0011104601,0.0060373833,0.000076957695,0.000007722822,0.000050570736,0.00041315335,0.000018305711,0.0022545462],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996331,0.000062389685,0.0000339568,0.000055138727,0.00016792171,0.00004753382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998909,0.000013754812,0.00003154191,0.0000070352808,0.000042254702,0.000014474388],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032356477,0.0004418186,0.00055374554,0.00027621898,0.00030678135,0.0005466523,0.00028241158,0.00055609446,0.0005208957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002179127,0.00011857351,0.00054227747,0.00028873965,0.00011946602,0.00030399536,0.00030629037,0.00048508833,0.00021368779],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042256073,0.00002884985,0.00026475967,0.00007389274,0.000005743497,0.00005523317,0.000013152951,0.00012048546,0.99773633,0.000013032859,0.000021567312,0.0016246809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010085985,0.00030564654,0.0058652638,0.000016861362,0.000021189604,0.0001143008,0.00005610605,0.0013888316,0.9908302,0.000023680861,0.001359298,0.000008607771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003250056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004710869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003250056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004371079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043201642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006462276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3191989513","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24278","title":"Layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of polyethersulphone microfiltration membranes for dye removal and flux recovery improvement","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Attenuated total reflection; Filtration (mathematics); Contact angle; Chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Layer (electronics); Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008765408979357615,"score_gpt":0.1989994029594356,"score_spread":0.19023399398007798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3191989513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98559093,0.0014753306,0.011796051,0.00005776841,0.000037440208,0.00003523346,0.00006189465,0.00019562362,0.0007496831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826058,0.00079239986,0.014598801,0.000038899867,0.000015108546,0.000035428053,0.00011344731,0.000022699916,0.0017774077],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982387,0.00002476229,0.000012444614,0.000029017718,0.000075638105,0.0000343203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999119,0.000017567609,0.000029245817,0.000007458341,0.000023509963,0.0000103586735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002213708,0.0004718695,0.00025407376,0.00025204802,0.00012443378,0.00022972235,0.000245645,0.00040748008,0.00045009886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001851599,0.00019457792,0.0004024551,0.00015684366,0.00012132454,0.00031589135,0.00020710933,0.00025956726,0.0002293829],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015040532,0.000011672318,0.000044973658,0.000026852798,0.000005088731,0.00001608485,0.0000056786116,0.00007918109,0.9985537,0.00001835797,0.000018519711,0.001204818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041830717,0.00009007298,0.00080531003,0.0000019353722,0.000009909942,0.00003358006,0.0000037325808,0.0013310692,0.99707425,0.0000071541303,0.00063519017,0.0000036511262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003726217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008340108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004718695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019660473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013169543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015057325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194630720","doi":"10.3390/membranes11090649","title":"Fouling Behavior in a High-Rate Anaerobic Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince of Songkla University; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Bioreactor; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Adsorption; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Biofilm; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021899078249364008,"score_gpt":0.2558369028362048,"score_spread":0.2339378245868408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194630720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99839205,0.00037088778,0.0009802196,0.000034204415,0.000008782208,0.000009173312,0.000057748497,0.00001971184,0.00012723095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956429,0.00050790346,0.003162078,0.000029982783,0.0000056780477,0.000018876823,0.00011217373,0.0000073444444,0.0005129205],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997949,0.000032964355,0.000021385134,0.00004406127,0.00007459777,0.000032147498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999879,0.000028413586,0.000032048632,0.000006939071,0.000032283515,0.000021283613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003106724,0.00034983578,0.0005687274,0.0002003624,0.00037410736,0.0004476509,0.0002265363,0.00049641385,0.00019737559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029372884,0.00014435027,0.00038530616,0.00016122065,0.00013785389,0.0002944643,0.00020622634,0.00035806524,0.00015871564],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006215128,0.000021816613,0.0002451132,0.000028310229,0.0000033892393,0.0000260054,0.000011660031,0.00007199431,0.9988819,0.0000050214253,0.000005929191,0.000636794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009812769,0.00048156755,0.008612822,0.000007542778,0.000031511616,0.00015485553,0.00007005948,0.0017256372,0.98843074,0.000015420906,0.0004477792,0.000012348001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025450336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002970274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025450336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044450536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003667708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005060494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194740298","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2021.131987","title":"Electrically conductive inorganic membranes: A review on principles, characteristics and applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Electrical conductor; Filtration (mathematics); Electrochemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Electrode; Waste management; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.027490791718688148,"score_gpt":0.26982882064176145,"score_spread":0.2423380289230733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194740298","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002424875,0.9986475,0.00029786193,0.00011507259,0.00015762147,0.0000056470435,0.000029167137,0.0000074721893,0.0004972207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00076516496,0.99797577,0.0005068438,0.0001294416,0.00012022991,0.0000068510976,0.000040006165,0.0000018074535,0.00045387127],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972945,0.000025302825,0.000041172578,0.000050718536,0.00012634447,0.000027066244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969554,0.00014312507,0.000055462937,0.000009262469,0.00007522686,0.000021525864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061268307,0.0011938706,0.001837827,0.00233191,0.0002524923,0.0010942109,0.00091537304,0.00097199925,0.0017747832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006556176,0.00040579154,0.00071545027,0.0028753649,0.0004219458,0.0016564991,0.0006950834,0.0014917374,0.0010869685],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011800677,0.00014444407,0.00021465776,0.032254715,0.00013238663,0.00019944235,0.000050825383,0.0005094367,0.015719075,0.0029495186,0.01660456,0.93110293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003009804,0.00022903706,0.0009860183,0.0037081542,0.0003335471,0.0010798494,0.000061405444,0.00023152989,0.006012968,0.0020320308,0.98523605,0.000059352904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007244611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015814827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00233191,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048301523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010219378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059372783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197234202","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132092","title":"Superhydrophobic modification of electrospun nanofibrous Si@PVDF membranes for desalination application in vacuum membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Ministry of Education, India; Indian Institute of Technology Mandi; Mitacs","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Silanization; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Nanofiber; Surface modification; Permeation; Surface energy; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01169708896160589,"score_gpt":0.24891915214631982,"score_spread":0.23722206318471392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197234202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937516,0.00054985617,0.0038934688,0.00007845912,0.000038760816,0.000013316689,0.000092995135,0.00008842418,0.0014931005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996135,0.00029608066,0.0022000899,0.00003458371,0.00001391842,0.000014151484,0.00007725987,0.000014761655,0.0012142241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999913,0.00000561099,0.000005181296,0.000018954492,0.00003321576,0.000024092451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994016,0.000012274436,0.000015924175,0.000005971606,0.000015875881,0.00000979313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000959872,0.00025037362,0.00015116915,0.00017906842,0.00016995179,0.00014470375,0.00017060952,0.00031178363,0.0009857584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013509025,0.00015558989,0.00029938619,0.00009460252,0.00013295836,0.00029039194,0.00017500094,0.00032722848,0.00021016305],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011205545,0.000004746455,0.000030124233,0.000020482219,0.0000024785081,0.000022389973,0.0000072930056,0.000051190247,0.99914443,0.00002533714,0.000027055514,0.0006532616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002763963,0.000039780974,0.0008458667,0.0000013994504,0.0000048472252,0.000037405498,0.000009970589,0.0007133537,0.9978321,0.000015461908,0.00049330585,0.0000037066209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043577905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001158142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009857584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016844703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012712131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032977462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197728459","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-63591-6_50","title":"Contaminant Removal in Ceramic Water Filters by Bacterial Biofilms","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer proceedings in mathematics & statistics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilm; Bacteria; Filter (signal processing); Ceramic; Porosity; Water treatment; Porous medium; Environmental engineering; Biomass (ecology); Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biology; Engineering; Composite material; Ecology","score_opus":0.013036050849599232,"score_gpt":0.22569749804493552,"score_spread":0.2126614471953363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197728459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8961421,0.041926384,0.028526561,0.0014344535,0.0009874088,0.000052710813,0.00027976316,0.00023313196,0.03041747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8873376,0.02251657,0.009702217,0.00024494823,0.00030726497,0.00003193787,0.00035791087,0.000098199824,0.079403296],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998331,0.000009813826,0.000004675496,0.000021529237,0.00010156671,0.00002931726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999962,0.000015050646,0.0000043022155,0.0000027613619,0.000011006321,0.000004910586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015299866,0.00032471065,0.00036601286,0.00024556654,0.00033137025,0.0007647864,0.00046048185,0.0004778577,0.0007434449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019189183,0.00016588086,0.0005018883,0.00036360187,0.00019047779,0.00031109535,0.000293777,0.000488578,0.000454403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016450105,0.000080255864,0.0006224493,0.00031056703,0.00003119701,0.00021763379,0.00015782224,0.0032171106,0.9037225,0.0018960546,0.0029994834,0.08658032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014496642,0.00075576943,0.0059994473,0.00005631475,0.000054451786,0.000273972,0.00027197815,0.014558775,0.9362296,0.0019742914,0.039777953,0.000032859225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006815451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007822884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006815451,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057936594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003492293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013551593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201795512","doi":"10.1016/j.cis.2021.102524","title":"Surface characterization of thin-film composite membranes using contact angle technique: Review of quantification strategies and applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Contact angle; Wetting; Membrane; Materials science; Surface energy; Surface roughness; Permeation; Characterization (materials science); Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Desalination; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.03194607008674725,"score_gpt":0.3538308092799308,"score_spread":0.32188473919318356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201795512","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005757324,0.9980221,0.00074102246,0.00011838507,0.00007765141,0.000008600857,0.000042551128,0.000011294394,0.00040271328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018257948,0.99619746,0.0012432537,0.00009951973,0.00006616066,0.000012349262,0.00006340542,0.0000024064411,0.00048968865],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946696,0.000052436153,0.00005941222,0.00010095195,0.0002815733,0.000038674094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993554,0.00026785024,0.00012535164,0.000021438329,0.00020591976,0.000024142824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010998395,0.0013774473,0.0019368358,0.003045018,0.00022094548,0.00097480096,0.0012441474,0.0010274182,0.0010381686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009008431,0.0004823366,0.0008312759,0.0031482934,0.00038500052,0.0014450097,0.0005466364,0.0011617878,0.0007447738],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085651714,0.00016419467,0.00048057467,0.03490698,0.00020843749,0.0001578599,0.000057204044,0.0006674237,0.042251196,0.0021645986,0.008081752,0.9107742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031968342,0.00068901415,0.00542805,0.0066692852,0.0008923243,0.002234019,0.00019051695,0.0013331423,0.06893203,0.0024807584,0.9109411,0.0001778408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013647018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024826368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003045018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056119193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001051073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005816579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201861526","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113872","title":"Performance evaluation of whey flux in dead-end and cross-flow modes via convolutional neural networks","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Whey protein; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biological system; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Statistics","score_opus":0.014726201920939219,"score_gpt":0.24766674957703297,"score_spread":0.23294054765609376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201861526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9255068,0.0011764242,0.06624801,0.00023848185,0.00010537028,0.000032990796,0.0003954656,0.0019646422,0.004331896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988419,0.00015401405,0.008984584,0.000029582428,0.000009726378,0.00001566001,0.00036399227,0.00003587519,0.0019875388],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997521,0.000041569758,0.000013003452,0.000076793825,0.000058724756,0.000057789952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994821,0.00026317072,0.00004493917,0.000029282353,0.00014581511,0.000034729706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000831909,0.0010715357,0.0005659485,0.00051980704,0.00032244142,0.0007002872,0.00064328173,0.0009565809,0.0012077695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013094448,0.00020673664,0.00034790818,0.0002691451,0.00027924395,0.00071875035,0.000526726,0.00047051013,0.00028509606],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00433335,0.0007780717,0.011479536,0.00040914433,0.00020599061,0.00020450166,0.000081906226,0.6667052,0.055181596,0.0009545647,0.002187293,0.25747892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007911437,0.00010604108,0.0012749728,0.0000053491194,0.000011336349,0.000007208599,0.000009210236,0.99014485,0.008251726,0.00006980563,0.0001055147,0.000006145776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02162151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0145684825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02162151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008388222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066370715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04299134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207742775","doi":"10.1002/advs.202102493","title":"2D Material Nanofiltration Membranes: From Fundamental Understandings to Rational Design","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Zhengzhou University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Permeation; Rational design; Materials science; Ion; Ionic bonding; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06856509605837252,"score_gpt":0.3315269260768032,"score_spread":0.26296183001843065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207742775","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003593631,0.9963755,0.0014664385,0.00030925655,0.00015764698,0.00000993495,0.000026519212,0.00001750511,0.0012777854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017752254,0.9960593,0.001284522,0.0001498125,0.000080971,0.000017519742,0.000038760827,0.0000030552424,0.0005908041],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975914,0.000031996173,0.000023673232,0.000043970118,0.00010954077,0.00003162805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998555,0.000059769773,0.000021534772,0.000007887162,0.000042136064,0.000013063169],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074524345,0.0011092146,0.0015749593,0.0018485008,0.00030549715,0.0011184872,0.0010794547,0.0012444324,0.0017822353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005430686,0.0006120504,0.0006281745,0.0014796265,0.0006483476,0.0023576904,0.0008628754,0.0023926846,0.0012633277],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007589079,0.00014630551,0.00015585417,0.038286813,0.00013571097,0.00042506756,0.0001829918,0.0042169234,0.021900177,0.05408218,0.021674067,0.85871804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014284679,0.00012464555,0.00033029437,0.0030357377,0.00007208195,0.0006186656,0.000056560995,0.0008478084,0.0058179344,0.010493432,0.97855216,0.000036523157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009584712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013271663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018485008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010532637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009544466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007641971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208578224","doi":"10.1680/jsuin.21.00008","title":"Fabrication of Joule heating coating layers by way of flame spraying for membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface Innovations","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Joule heating; Materials science; Coating; Membrane distillation; Distilled water; Layer (electronics); Joule (programming language); Distillation; Fabrication; Resistive touchscreen; Heating element; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Membrane; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Efficient energy use; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.02305293375476084,"score_gpt":0.27522531498316877,"score_spread":0.2521723812284079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3208578224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93406373,0.0020615882,0.059451763,0.00012106555,0.0001671589,0.00013003509,0.00029999236,0.0005462264,0.003158405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91940933,0.0014375198,0.07619183,0.00005453114,0.0000249793,0.00008163984,0.00021784165,0.000059618516,0.0025227093],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985933,0.000009548172,0.000010249957,0.000032181044,0.00006300815,0.000025595184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998275,0.000038682665,0.000043789954,0.000028372697,0.000048725462,0.000012950435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022064339,0.00048205708,0.00025520538,0.000335456,0.0002042493,0.00024330222,0.00042636413,0.000560364,0.0007471239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031036598,0.0003537005,0.00037994035,0.00018898874,0.0002030915,0.00027368253,0.0001841612,0.00057459116,0.00037689146],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005696399,0.0000025697877,0.000030813248,0.00002406921,0.0000017795918,0.00002637311,0.000009844683,0.000037199607,0.9990256,0.00004651246,0.000016950784,0.00077252276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015951834,0.00003432954,0.0004920895,0.0000020499485,0.0000038626813,0.000060403137,0.0000049879754,0.00049696025,0.99804735,0.000009657858,0.0008435624,0.000003209365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032761178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074000476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007471239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021450741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016090811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002499342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209491392","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.162","title":"Hydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic porous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) membranes with photo-Fenton self-cleaning ability for efficient oil/water separation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Sonication; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.006956118938544267,"score_gpt":0.2375021348603799,"score_spread":0.23054601592183566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209491392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994846,0.00049582403,0.002997049,0.00008483146,0.000038479437,0.000016599084,0.0000878543,0.00009004387,0.0013434723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99562883,0.00022331743,0.0024310125,0.00004300447,0.000008548493,0.000013449514,0.000085228225,0.000010373174,0.0015561832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998958,0.000009060675,0.000005533358,0.000015862704,0.00004156867,0.00003220641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999378,0.000007176839,0.000015271507,0.0000063213124,0.000019355377,0.00001416279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012287196,0.00028980366,0.00014663416,0.00018296472,0.00015446571,0.00015895176,0.0002891625,0.0004516291,0.0005920872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001284458,0.00016083494,0.00024459866,0.000115506016,0.00019968457,0.00033182357,0.00029634533,0.00030996796,0.00017426696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000353273,0.000011859463,0.000040072475,0.00003199967,0.0000029182372,0.00003043014,0.0000065589743,0.00010812359,0.9986657,0.00008625981,0.000052883664,0.0009278342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000066324333,0.000084568775,0.0007608813,0.000001517731,0.0000074165487,0.000051068782,0.000010971082,0.0015111719,0.996903,0.000026367221,0.00062963756,0.0000068280415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009702426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023061114,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009702426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024578837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019680579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001980722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210029589","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665878.v1","title":"Design, Construction and Evaluation of an Experimental Ceramic Membrane Facility With Investigation into Fouling Control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04180585537387872,"score_gpt":0.28438758744457937,"score_spread":0.24258173207070066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210029589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8584545,0.00013045152,0.13300891,0.00018021771,0.00010870068,0.0036373865,0.0012271785,0.0014622366,0.001790458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83801574,0.0001901161,0.15173909,0.000114239876,0.000025506239,0.0051920507,0.001052423,0.00011040611,0.0035604283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912196,0.0000892168,0.00005483723,0.00019947335,0.00035949264,0.0001750833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987483,0.00014343565,0.00021683039,0.00021486804,0.00035312114,0.0003234808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014776159,0.0007120377,0.0007593582,0.00060385815,0.0010857023,0.0006870993,0.0020796272,0.001434596,0.0023432728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093984674,0.00039320826,0.0007256354,0.0003618347,0.0007256724,0.0005353193,0.00072294904,0.0008953307,0.00083898933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010300562,0.00082987105,0.0031651051,0.00040754257,0.000027957698,0.00017667112,0.000083879444,0.004821923,0.9774925,0.0004236043,0.00022989928,0.011310926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026185502,0.0107416725,0.010465514,0.000024929195,0.000091580165,0.0002014809,0.00011001826,0.01387718,0.9580037,0.00017956161,0.0059802635,0.000062297346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023447324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015720287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023447324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012761349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023137552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009259045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211251586","doi":"","title":"Emerging Materials Congress 2019: Advances in membrane technology for paving the way for water sustainability- Amira Abdelrasoul, University of Saskatchewan","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nanosciences Current Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Sustainable development; Water scarcity; Business; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Environmental planning; Engineering; Water resources; Environmental science; Economics; Political science; Ecology","score_opus":0.035701484397984824,"score_gpt":0.3524932741546472,"score_spread":0.3167917897566624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211251586","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0067601865,0.21253349,0.006098901,0.29618773,0.13520218,0.0004088199,0.0023498023,0.00114501,0.33931386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02020519,0.10496895,0.004311072,0.024321638,0.0073458506,0.00019431626,0.0013937103,0.00023918775,0.8370202],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881613,0.00013233296,0.000049154885,0.000116597585,0.00062685506,0.0002589326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879056,0.0001294939,0.00007151974,0.00004672218,0.00048504933,0.00047663986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031320164,0.0010890383,0.00046429335,0.0012360422,0.0022374983,0.005138053,0.0011028055,0.0050512105,0.05581299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014578084,0.0003595421,0.000701761,0.0009855739,0.0011777455,0.0027070234,0.0022561625,0.0043845423,0.023012927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118667434,0.00010081764,0.00024178713,0.00041332428,0.000017583787,0.00027545128,0.00009550959,0.00021348835,0.0074392306,0.012922435,0.8804633,0.09769838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010354615,0.00003233018,0.00028789672,0.00010599253,0.0000056586873,0.00006739551,0.000054453612,0.00011124481,0.0020635833,0.0013985411,0.9958513,0.000011166365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012457963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04232896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05581299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00620624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.013831163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18671304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212176282","doi":"10.3390/su132212584","title":"Examination of Extracellular Polymer (EPS) Extraction Methods for Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) Biomass","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Government of Ontario","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Polysaccharide; Membrane fouling; Sonication; Membrane; Fouling; Biochemistry; Wastewater; Biofilm; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.018233980999045867,"score_gpt":0.3317266040865104,"score_spread":0.3134926230874645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212176282","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9275669,0.007221362,0.05988684,0.0003589994,0.00015667152,0.00038924592,0.0013046041,0.0002809688,0.0028344642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8353742,0.011189734,0.14412113,0.00055291044,0.00010254551,0.0010322755,0.002538475,0.00025407624,0.0048346426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982705,0.00032561875,0.0002537443,0.00030030435,0.00070548785,0.00014441693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999084,0.00031435603,0.0002159598,0.000038923346,0.0002993779,0.000047347283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001308845,0.0011971861,0.0006967192,0.0011491916,0.00044745128,0.00069605553,0.00031520633,0.00074657553,0.0005174808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017735206,0.00032771207,0.0006766775,0.0010433358,0.00023633288,0.00061253743,0.0005654551,0.000700652,0.0005159434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030698247,0.000029658831,0.00034039025,0.0001899055,0.000012377005,0.000059392914,0.00003404685,0.00006773743,0.99601126,0.0000148834315,0.000026445281,0.0031832256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000069834136,0.00033695545,0.010036322,0.000061821935,0.00008822211,0.00031488936,0.0001308975,0.0011552094,0.9848866,0.000045582507,0.0029084007,0.000028256973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00117213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022940212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001308845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029359135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003002921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0069218874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212397177","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120077","title":"The use of anti-scalants in gypsum scaling mitigation: Comparison with membrane surface modification and efficiency in combined reverse osmosis and membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Gypsum; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Membrane distillation; Polyamide; Scaling; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03219361887035471,"score_gpt":0.27067869278748313,"score_spread":0.23848507391712842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212397177","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99704224,0.0013350036,0.0008720369,0.000034453828,0.000024671837,0.000015220592,0.000048153972,0.000011801527,0.00061634084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99517787,0.0013568558,0.001975486,0.000022976896,0.000007210583,0.00001019056,0.00005031871,0.000009874834,0.0013892323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997807,0.000035855093,0.000015093593,0.000041933567,0.00008571122,0.00004073755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981374,0.00003996038,0.00004906514,0.00002102343,0.000059171834,0.000017030181],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033997188,0.00036192045,0.00030891565,0.00020419477,0.00025610044,0.00044269045,0.0002418306,0.00037509855,0.0007050816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029877826,0.00012531385,0.00047885292,0.00019395407,0.00018641533,0.0003227299,0.00025940768,0.00028640154,0.00016337058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030888716,0.00004247918,0.0005341728,0.000094385025,0.000016294473,0.000020527486,0.000022318809,0.00023124322,0.993996,0.000048371283,0.00001576015,0.004669451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040626196,0.000441923,0.0024377636,0.0000062180875,0.000045114866,0.000022119057,0.000029062394,0.0004467561,0.9958074,0.00000833512,0.000747408,0.0000039519146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017387253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029682526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017387253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024993476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035127197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034571886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212433224","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102443","title":"A photo-Fenton graphene oxide membrane with improved perm-selectivity and self-cleaning ability for efficient dye removal under visible light irradiation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Graphene; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Selectivity; Membrane permeability; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005070247535418266,"score_gpt":0.20422107553609,"score_spread":0.19915082800067174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212433224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883533,0.0012885031,0.007861426,0.00038097502,0.00010753096,0.00002370288,0.00013802561,0.00025460552,0.0015919274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99276614,0.00046037676,0.0044947052,0.000072944684,0.00001376159,0.0000120612485,0.00009712493,0.000012713258,0.002070147],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999062,0.000006975767,0.000006173377,0.000018567589,0.00003432892,0.00002772249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995327,0.0000054372285,0.000010261338,0.000006076459,0.000014514895,0.000010373912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010582794,0.0003617809,0.0001937478,0.00024891098,0.00019614356,0.0002007567,0.0003896163,0.0007661066,0.0005850964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011906434,0.00018170288,0.0003216671,0.0001794756,0.00015869355,0.00033366823,0.00022422752,0.0003688856,0.00022492105],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018034923,0.000009262226,0.000031144948,0.00003853362,0.0000036513268,0.000057730416,0.000008001828,0.00004948051,0.9982651,0.00008133991,0.000081546124,0.0013561831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036314775,0.000052458137,0.00047608168,0.0000014737172,0.00000867457,0.00010191178,0.0000061685564,0.0008085889,0.9976495,0.000019824574,0.0008659135,0.000005659538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008193998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015539379,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008193998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026311135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018986962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001957357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W35219824","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121604","title":"Water Requirements for Manufacturing [with Discussion]","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Population; Census; Annual growth %; Population growth; Gross domestic product; Agricultural economics; Economics; Geography; Demography; Economic growth","score_opus":0.04839377737195641,"score_gpt":0.3536939240067715,"score_spread":0.3053001466348151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W35219824","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027140321,0.014072964,0.10173124,0.010285264,0.0044962205,0.0025867731,0.025262507,0.006045602,0.8083791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2389417,0.028603487,0.13210763,0.007816089,0.0011007609,0.0030511748,0.034309644,0.0037909853,0.5502785],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965576,0.00032624387,0.00029172582,0.00044632624,0.0020903966,0.0002876773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981006,0.00028168625,0.0002341588,0.0003081657,0.0010118023,0.000063543215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015228702,0.0014394535,0.00063774106,0.0029564747,0.0016654807,0.0028449004,0.0024105476,0.0024855186,0.10873613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004600637,0.00054451317,0.0012229728,0.0031996444,0.00059223163,0.003172532,0.0017709353,0.0013517091,0.066901244],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036128785,0.00037545283,0.0029259087,0.0040683276,0.000071294955,0.0011242235,0.00046708708,0.005412627,0.116912775,0.035310864,0.20214923,0.63082093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016455142,0.00014883962,0.0015376237,0.0002678462,0.000032413638,0.0003493531,0.00018705631,0.0010892996,0.039591614,0.0058468096,0.9508928,0.000039958377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006415844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006799074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10873613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001710335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002626189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36375856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W363739990","doi":"","title":"Osmotic membrane pressure actuator","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"81","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Osmotic pressure; Differential scanning calorimetry; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Ceramic membrane; Membrane technology; Thermogravimetric analysis; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Polymer; Monomer; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013825039164690021,"score_gpt":0.24054716989452316,"score_spread":0.22672213072983313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W363739990","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12847,0.0827658,0.36386067,0.011007499,0.0122888135,0.0012403148,0.0037391572,0.007844026,0.38878366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.36739522,0.057312056,0.12840703,0.003628168,0.001972947,0.0012685035,0.002797373,0.0005640573,0.4366547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955434,0.000020062875,0.000022334441,0.00011983844,0.00022992562,0.000053545715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998636,0.000024763842,0.0000264304,0.000013707439,0.00005375177,0.000017708404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027514398,0.0005019069,0.0006019845,0.00031955406,0.0005414906,0.001052394,0.00085837947,0.000874239,0.019656528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003584192,0.00039994504,0.0005420031,0.00038037592,0.0002489129,0.0013155438,0.0010751919,0.0012038581,0.00796349],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022030216,0.0001381668,0.0005402136,0.0027120793,0.00005254217,0.00067880366,0.00039736216,0.0012658957,0.6375315,0.028849388,0.0502267,0.277387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002953525,0.00031025065,0.0009421825,0.000149909,0.000034356635,0.0008625985,0.00008896768,0.0037690138,0.31308356,0.0012607488,0.67942196,0.00004691492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014575066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019078005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019656528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041158943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042189955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06575769},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W41530216","doi":"10.2175/106143005x72858","title":"Parameters Governing Permeate Flux in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Low‐Strength Municipal Wastewaters: A Literature Review","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane; Permeation; Bioreactor; Membrane reactor; Sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06640152430231983,"score_gpt":0.34823811691504275,"score_spread":0.2818365926127229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W41530216","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017130658,0.9972791,0.00023911889,0.00011815499,0.000039440754,0.000008430488,0.00008218161,0.000010138695,0.0005103728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004311347,0.99499655,0.00035250865,0.0000878562,0.000037272315,0.000010397735,0.000078898345,0.0000018214124,0.00012325856],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994578,0.00009127561,0.00018550707,0.00008213884,0.00014748756,0.000035796988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99771714,0.0012222728,0.0005001647,0.000025636153,0.00049164804,0.00004313406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086765894,0.0013627614,0.0020760512,0.00488865,0.00031502487,0.0016971875,0.0009788745,0.0010500466,0.0013248149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002093639,0.0004624191,0.0015035364,0.0067924117,0.00042059287,0.0017730953,0.00050989934,0.0005055269,0.00041751156],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021968168,0.00012866501,0.003083409,0.28468975,0.0009287631,0.0008823388,0.00044624376,0.0018046437,0.008163632,0.0012837085,0.008021668,0.69034743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007957365,0.0013049076,0.038556002,0.11794125,0.015553205,0.0069264206,0.002639753,0.0022555513,0.022743436,0.002861371,0.78876454,0.00037398195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028127013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038016143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00488865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006322809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023416425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005592644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200066952","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130171","title":"Recent advances on cellulose-based nanofiltration membranes and their applications in drinking water purification: A review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Cellulose; Desalination; Membrane technology; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03583580015577116,"score_gpt":0.296877509052507,"score_spread":0.26104170889673584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200066952","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00025344294,0.99872464,0.0002372847,0.00010687867,0.0001361954,0.0000049535847,0.000027167736,0.000006808959,0.00050249946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006422351,0.99863654,0.00025330653,0.00009171416,0.00010192032,0.000003875111,0.000029180894,0.0000010049657,0.00024014141],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997373,0.000025534722,0.000039549665,0.00005403185,0.00011437976,0.000029119046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939823,0.0002927494,0.00010271279,0.000016006083,0.00014975581,0.000040540734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091681414,0.0010436384,0.001631169,0.002685978,0.00025335752,0.001136936,0.0008750753,0.0010307335,0.0026818656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001079861,0.00036689918,0.0009458741,0.0036616672,0.0003718511,0.001636677,0.0007763418,0.0013384573,0.0011435661],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012671374,0.00013577583,0.00024417447,0.04014537,0.0001958475,0.00018491856,0.00006208888,0.0005931089,0.009152759,0.0022346457,0.013269194,0.9336554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003759279,0.00038753488,0.002069986,0.005087644,0.000734068,0.0010218528,0.00010540686,0.00030928932,0.004849569,0.0017985483,0.9835164,0.00008215281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010136749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001871783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002685978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040798634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011576203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008971691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200118466","doi":"10.18280/mmep.080609","title":"Modeling and Investigation of Multistage Flash-Mixing Brine in Aqaba City, Jordan","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Environmental science; Volumetric flow rate; Boiler feedwater; Mixing (physics); Environmental engineering; Petroleum engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Boiler (water heating)","score_opus":0.02854127103158942,"score_gpt":0.21495685315524077,"score_spread":0.18641558212365134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200118466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95340854,0.00030006064,0.026437249,0.0004518116,0.000026736689,0.000086400476,0.00041014637,0.000118434946,0.018760588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98923254,0.0001876952,0.0031583668,0.000027107835,0.0000066768566,0.000057409234,0.00014366723,0.000023212357,0.007163318],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998889,0.000022954995,0.000004758556,0.000020210204,0.00002241249,0.000040709372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982053,0.000065944514,0.000030093488,0.000006611904,0.00005407305,0.000022780752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002356033,0.0005446549,0.00072330463,0.00046998926,0.0010301484,0.0015328345,0.0009123359,0.0019078545,0.003051661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004445246,0.000512635,0.00089386286,0.0004264513,0.00060343154,0.0007958285,0.0007819165,0.000657046,0.00027589183],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034272594,0.000043106604,0.001923331,0.000028085708,0.000010143499,0.00018846999,0.000037000056,0.9942419,0.0015280314,0.0009390593,0.00013687613,0.00088965433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011372884,0.000026639875,0.00058571855,0.0000034853083,0.000006094477,0.000014576733,0.00007967903,0.99830365,0.00041455927,0.00023432597,0.00031392064,0.0000059955414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.055083822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03656142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055083822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014753711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015709798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.109526396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200213848","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120168","title":"Thermodynamic limits of using fertilizer to produce clean fertigation solution from wastewater via forward osmosis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Michigan Space Grant Consortium; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fertigation; Fertilizer; Wastewater; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Osmosis; Environmental engineering; Desalination; Irrigation; Reverse osmosis plant; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane; Agronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.025612145691322207,"score_gpt":0.26884835461152784,"score_spread":0.24323620892020564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200213848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99032426,0.00073295593,0.0028392586,0.00042942114,0.00004331727,0.000015210911,0.0001933194,0.000047834263,0.0053743646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989472,0.00013796569,0.00036849597,0.000019373025,0.000007065618,0.000009858049,0.00006624782,0.000008217109,0.00043558187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956626,0.000064547785,0.00002259712,0.000058723028,0.0001935709,0.00009432049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937916,0.00037754007,0.000067472625,0.000030275241,0.00010501306,0.000040665534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064116245,0.00014994187,0.00024761006,0.00035006597,0.00045286896,0.00085498934,0.00042877498,0.0004948263,0.002537109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018520411,0.00020801632,0.00024383377,0.00013419129,0.00069134287,0.00089028187,0.0005323067,0.00073002215,0.0004931608],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012295793,0.00012681694,0.0019071497,0.00016712162,0.000031140666,0.0002069311,0.00010201813,0.0039352225,0.9736961,0.010125454,0.0004045339,0.008067948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022042812,0.00034171212,0.0022572035,0.000014310481,0.000013045395,0.00006988536,0.000097074895,0.008367395,0.98519784,0.0022516628,0.001343206,0.000024577641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013189153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020969782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002537109,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00082512625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005186074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008487463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200332473","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114339","title":"Exploring the limitations of forward osmosis for direct hydroponic fertigation: Impact of ion transfer and fertilizer composition on effective dilution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Fundación Bancaria Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona; Generalitat de Catalunya; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Fertigation; Forward osmosis; Dilution; Fertilizer; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Membrane","score_opus":0.04456526271399292,"score_gpt":0.2502942883333644,"score_spread":0.2057290256193715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200332473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967772,0.008259732,0.019676907,0.00082508795,0.000111423215,0.00012545128,0.00020158905,0.00012885073,0.0028989497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801665,0.0060784444,0.012288947,0.000106755026,0.000027748529,0.000054573622,0.00012473384,0.00003456612,0.001117722],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993026,0.00012240732,0.0000641914,0.0001522489,0.00028373612,0.000074719916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935955,0.00030346325,0.000106509564,0.000049640876,0.00015323547,0.000027611766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010669911,0.00057395245,0.0005485226,0.00020327457,0.00023836664,0.0011384403,0.00070945465,0.0006261596,0.0007237538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016458828,0.00022950057,0.0004330111,0.0002518477,0.00044671568,0.0014954068,0.0006899316,0.0008256996,0.00043402272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014120954,0.000044630313,0.00045350633,0.00032728945,0.000011035153,0.000056992198,0.000053046733,0.0005544185,0.9844273,0.00015705617,0.000053187563,0.013720413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018139946,0.00044350972,0.0013960825,0.00003601691,0.000025836876,0.00009645567,0.00008357149,0.0041445047,0.9901635,0.00013927327,0.003435578,0.000017339607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021735716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002702533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021735716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007559504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004728657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005642891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200357603","doi":"10.3390/membranes11120958","title":"Membrane Distillation: Pre-Treatment Effects on Fouling Dynamics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Distillation; Entrainment (biomusicology); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Desalination; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009819918897512629,"score_gpt":0.24548522438962467,"score_spread":0.23566530549211204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200357603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98649967,0.0026718616,0.009366964,0.00018378283,0.00006470085,0.00012462995,0.00017573377,0.000102963815,0.0008097465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98836017,0.0016364766,0.008239126,0.00008384463,0.000020703048,0.00005364649,0.0002416687,0.00004638875,0.0013179132],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995067,0.00011743295,0.00004847922,0.00008187914,0.00015710099,0.00008830032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947125,0.0002603679,0.000079899066,0.000050057857,0.00010726983,0.000031110696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049588823,0.000652158,0.00065233913,0.00027544633,0.00043524642,0.0005074941,0.00039899204,0.00075188396,0.0009911569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015569696,0.00023980184,0.00046981993,0.00043396023,0.00033844018,0.00061410485,0.00039536046,0.0008736115,0.00032122945],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014439248,0.00004658218,0.00016062785,0.00018653568,0.0000115996345,0.00003182979,0.00003807529,0.00014531364,0.9961606,0.000026240365,0.000015525491,0.0030326322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020131624,0.00014710081,0.0009241306,0.0000019959039,0.000009732562,0.000029746412,0.00000963095,0.0001930547,0.9982754,0.0000062691847,0.00039413644,0.0000067902392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023664436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028259312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023664436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037066636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053023297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00470531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200512025","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2021.117954","title":"Nanobubble-assisted scaling inhibition in membrane distillation for the treatment of high-salinity brine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee; National Institute for Health and Care Research; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Brine; Scaling; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Volumetric flow rate; Salinity; Wetting; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Desalination; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09419714964958124,"score_gpt":0.3536670720691061,"score_spread":0.2594699224195248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200512025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98822427,0.0015739017,0.00790778,0.0001285699,0.00007484633,0.00002562978,0.00007777266,0.00014709507,0.0018401232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932846,0.000947583,0.0031283244,0.000051919924,0.00000964512,0.000022327413,0.000048358983,0.000023459344,0.002483846],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998845,0.000013649623,0.00000644054,0.000024252555,0.000041524654,0.000029731802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992144,0.000020214196,0.000017874472,0.000006325768,0.000021066337,0.000012989987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013449887,0.00026672162,0.00025478113,0.00014462817,0.00021505724,0.0003230793,0.0002536195,0.00034759656,0.00081331696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019572656,0.0001624451,0.00018110509,0.00014058223,0.0001722717,0.00040512884,0.00031583896,0.00051991607,0.00031254458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047736892,0.00002922838,0.00005026149,0.000043358414,0.0000034268214,0.000010734252,0.000023894125,0.00017099592,0.99666226,0.00010800531,0.000071092494,0.0027788936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004553412,0.000064084714,0.0003257279,0.000002975699,0.000003825522,0.000008905827,0.000011658025,0.0018537818,0.9967945,0.000018798823,0.0009061442,0.0000050525505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012370906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034264456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012370906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029441432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029022834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027207732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200532463","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114272","title":"Treatment try of simulated agricultural surface runoff pollution by using a novel biomass concentrator reactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Surface runoff; Effluent; Pollution; Nonpoint source pollution; Environmental science; Pollutant; Degradation (telecommunications); Environmental engineering; Nitrogen; Biomass (ecology); Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Agronomy; Ecology; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.012893437556014091,"score_gpt":0.22551122217007266,"score_spread":0.21261778461405856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200532463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99629754,0.00017288576,0.0026896978,0.000051869138,0.00002235882,0.000021307344,0.000066983994,0.00004229315,0.00063506956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962419,0.00024080362,0.0024502869,0.000022546854,0.000008023083,0.000020428795,0.00005981348,0.000006843651,0.00094925024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999192,0.000011209754,0.0000053006097,0.000021361908,0.000023802626,0.000019112455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999603,0.000010085581,0.0000058426895,0.0000029445139,0.000014073303,0.0000067139426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012852224,0.0003533308,0.00040418102,0.00016402273,0.00036365597,0.00039665893,0.0003170209,0.00048009033,0.0007169744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000106948115,0.00011181248,0.0003845563,0.00012231272,0.000102629914,0.00016282396,0.00019544535,0.0003039962,0.00014908123],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027057424,0.00010365818,0.000744503,0.0000925235,0.000021972655,0.000057260226,0.000020669804,0.0024829055,0.99062765,0.000051421262,0.00008029249,0.0054466124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034585388,0.00043615565,0.0023361887,0.000006188165,0.00004325005,0.000036119127,0.000044308727,0.015501583,0.980667,0.00004362361,0.0008414697,0.000009431389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026189263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002748359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026189263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028133392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039364744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00520736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205168031","doi":"10.3390/polym14010197","title":"Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; International Atomic Energy Agency","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Copolymer; Materials science; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.039791589850089897,"score_gpt":0.3134288622160963,"score_spread":0.2736372723660064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205168031","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004201167,0.99300945,0.00078985473,0.00011576684,0.00009238861,0.000011474128,0.000022022543,0.000017570917,0.0017404212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.016505884,0.98083395,0.0009478607,0.00012874325,0.0000627061,0.000018908615,0.000037314054,0.000004130279,0.0014605018],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998647,0.000019936964,0.000013617199,0.000025667578,0.000055588724,0.00002053463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999436,0.000020121919,0.000016871776,0.0000024446372,0.000013402144,0.0000035411367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023550985,0.0005878155,0.00059553504,0.0011868372,0.00015981637,0.00036744628,0.0003087387,0.00049708365,0.0008101692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021775567,0.00022463988,0.0004282007,0.0009061905,0.00017672608,0.0006721987,0.00026185432,0.0006711688,0.00045816242],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001046568,0.00016137009,0.00034565086,0.041720737,0.00020237564,0.0005494099,0.00011281317,0.0013760158,0.2048624,0.0050591766,0.004682703,0.7408227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029191895,0.0007822001,0.0037582577,0.0035186603,0.00044091122,0.0030282238,0.00008508603,0.00084666215,0.17510809,0.0014751138,0.81086683,0.000060717615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006089328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091186713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011868372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029481374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004101262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027102828},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205268299","doi":"10.3390/membranes12010059","title":"The Effect of Ceramic Membranes’ Structure on the Oil and Ions Removal in Pre-Treatment of the Desalter Unit Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mullite; Membrane; Wastewater; Microfiltration; Effluent; Materials science; Zeolite; Ceramic membrane; Salt (chemistry); Fouling; Ceramic; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Waste management; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.009359522038801334,"score_gpt":0.2345505153375451,"score_spread":0.22519099329874376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205268299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99921966,0.00023036456,0.00030229604,0.000012063415,0.000004470429,0.000004741623,0.000034135355,0.000008420199,0.00018376425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99866295,0.00029324408,0.0006320604,0.000011851629,0.000001904948,0.000005910612,0.0000551455,0.0000036336553,0.000333366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998294,0.000024268802,0.000021865002,0.00002917435,0.000051055762,0.000044240987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998254,0.00004535046,0.00005496069,0.000008616825,0.000041759442,0.000023962464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001733323,0.00024857564,0.00023360379,0.0001930721,0.00013956393,0.0003005762,0.00019791246,0.0002716548,0.0004213405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003765716,0.00017217496,0.0003386159,0.00019231385,0.00015395004,0.00028627706,0.00014630651,0.0003623409,0.00009154287],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010368053,0.000017379234,0.00035068754,0.00004522229,0.000007083197,0.000023048546,0.000018906909,0.00010382411,0.998345,0.0000143188545,0.000008065316,0.0009627087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003371151,0.00022994165,0.0043460648,0.000003317279,0.00001612259,0.000036397912,0.000028913586,0.000359313,0.99469805,0.000005962492,0.0002682996,0.000004329391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013880526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021687462,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013880526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027856108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018896368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002759993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205642101","doi":"10.1039/d1ta09221a","title":"Demystifying constructive strategies on designing functionalized lamellar Nb<sub>2</sub>CT<sub><i>x</i></sub> nanosheet membrane architectures under confined space","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanosheet; Lamellar structure; Membrane; Ion; Constructive; Materials science; Space (punctuation); Permeation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013133008657751537,"score_gpt":0.22442487132527972,"score_spread":0.21129186266752817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205642101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95482635,0.0011884256,0.037071582,0.00014907369,0.000047498048,0.00006061661,0.00015602434,0.00028653047,0.0062140143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9728195,0.0009848772,0.022642361,0.000074756135,0.000006637731,0.00005005477,0.0001532139,0.00004542854,0.003223119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994254,0.000005457482,0.000003980757,0.000011498618,0.000021574408,0.000015038387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999936,0.000007082182,0.00002424446,0.00000819785,0.00001705928,0.0000075002763],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009125473,0.00051135855,0.00013087521,0.00012773836,0.00014182647,0.00024025244,0.00026522423,0.00027352836,0.00089462794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011736974,0.00016031544,0.00012334505,0.000113262024,0.00022939556,0.00035399568,0.00030293182,0.0003404084,0.00036489882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008871469,0.0000036810636,0.00003114703,0.000025849095,0.0000017433393,0.00001977348,0.000016572032,0.00012576133,0.9985328,0.00032692507,0.00002473659,0.00088199053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016852782,0.000026584206,0.00015815171,0.0000025258764,0.0000027612016,0.00003442129,0.000013125817,0.00063866744,0.9977702,0.000047746635,0.0013016893,0.0000024376304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053652615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014189653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00089462794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002330334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001765341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029928684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205996045","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102540","title":"A mathematical model for the kinetics of concurrent volatile solids destruction and water evaporation during aerobic and anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge under mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Chemistry; Evaporation; Wastewater; Volatile suspended solids; Anaerobic digestion; Aerobic digestion; Kinetics; Suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Anaerobic exercise; Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Methane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011754313068120744,"score_gpt":0.22243553080156242,"score_spread":0.21068121773344167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205996045","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.091876835,0.0014842465,0.88432753,0.0012379034,0.0002656543,0.00021860882,0.00052257004,0.00033469757,0.01973187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94113135,0.0010491544,0.02738045,0.00017010442,0.00007946324,0.00064160663,0.00034290526,0.00011257615,0.029092407],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970204,0.00007122328,0.000018407674,0.000074927564,0.00007324417,0.000060196056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916446,0.00059241726,0.00007955047,0.000021461026,0.00012147478,0.00002060504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010125494,0.00094925694,0.0012342487,0.000564882,0.0007005155,0.0015267398,0.0015799106,0.0024517027,0.0028778403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001998401,0.00060787366,0.0013673863,0.0005852175,0.000886148,0.0013955096,0.00076794013,0.0013889108,0.00053786027],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029053113,0.000030384777,0.00016949982,0.00008418976,0.000015657322,0.000052727737,0.000047955524,0.9843853,0.0032071748,0.009563881,0.00022002516,0.0021939492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004604949,0.000011158413,0.00004676871,0.0000027283054,0.0000040806613,0.0000052562586,0.000004667538,0.9984932,0.00034942167,0.0008710593,0.00020214597,0.000004907125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013637888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0065942025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013637888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017241661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001715921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027117014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206114114","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24364","title":"Valorization of soybean oil residue through advanced technology of graphene oxide modified membranes for tocopherol recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Tannic acid; Chemistry; Tocopherol; Soybean oil; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Graphene; Zeta potential; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Vitamin E; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Food science; Antioxidant; Biochemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.009785837683920601,"score_gpt":0.20188141872133755,"score_spread":0.19209558103741695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206114114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888777,0.0018950206,0.007715814,0.00008981123,0.00004660732,0.000026236252,0.00020747173,0.0001009177,0.0010404866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991884,0.0009454414,0.005648022,0.000032191558,0.00000492158,0.000018900055,0.00013487201,0.000014464872,0.0013171592],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999187,0.000009949222,0.0000050567264,0.000016421542,0.000030414523,0.000019514011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995995,0.00000527042,0.000012219946,0.0000037712073,0.000012329163,0.000006501958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012264289,0.00038241805,0.00020254751,0.0003033983,0.00013231498,0.00016302249,0.00018011488,0.00035400884,0.00041259927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013825145,0.00013597202,0.00034065775,0.0002003727,0.00009447865,0.00022472726,0.00020914736,0.00039036805,0.00018536602],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015417192,0.0000054337365,0.000043864493,0.00003311312,0.000003872325,0.000026333972,0.0000065858353,0.000046572808,0.99899477,0.000022372831,0.000014410065,0.0007871689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002526015,0.000052962045,0.0006146465,0.0000037673099,0.000008804241,0.000039201015,0.0000104305145,0.0005940738,0.9978269,0.0000140358325,0.0008289494,0.00000372758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088510255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014426447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088510255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021534534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013955087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017599463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206543317","doi":"10.1039/d1an02232f","title":"Super-assembly of freestanding graphene oxide-aramid fiber membrane with T-mode subnanochannels for sensitive ion transport","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","keywords":"Graphene; Aramid; Membrane; Materials science; Oxide; Nanofiber; Lamellar structure; Electrospinning; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Selectivity; Divalent; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Catalysis","score_opus":0.013904615199626382,"score_gpt":0.23592683551407564,"score_spread":0.22202222031444926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206543317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875256,0.0004447729,0.009711028,0.00008925769,0.000042250744,0.000035827587,0.0001325135,0.00020144595,0.0018172512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98793787,0.00023187826,0.009826696,0.00004338024,0.000009325917,0.00003202794,0.000151668,0.000026572896,0.0017405963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999198,0.0000070723213,0.000005798512,0.000024034487,0.00002234414,0.00002098287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999273,0.000012514814,0.000017954344,0.000009645112,0.000014646853,0.000017949567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013251283,0.00036786564,0.000112278845,0.00015164675,0.00018572128,0.00015224773,0.00019045618,0.00037158572,0.0008745952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016704637,0.000108868044,0.00019931098,0.00008323584,0.000118334836,0.0003919222,0.00016463066,0.00035386224,0.00022384858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007581595,0.0000040260943,0.000022534286,0.000008021128,0.0000013035981,0.0000131409615,0.0000067703895,0.000020348947,0.9995322,0.000041106945,0.00001558575,0.00032725983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026622486,0.00003453487,0.00054753816,0.0000017045736,0.0000043007076,0.000034622855,0.000009087683,0.00090424693,0.997741,0.000019599129,0.00069706526,0.0000037307086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060442387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014337315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008745952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002007946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016199467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029258728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206594356","doi":"10.1680/jenes.21.00003","title":"Kinetic studies for the remediation of some pollutants from real wastewater onto carbon nanotube","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Pollutant; Sorption; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Environmental remediation; Diffusion; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Contamination; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Ecology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011506969758007236,"score_gpt":0.21579369409310203,"score_spread":0.2042867243350948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206594356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815383,0.0037197154,0.013189624,0.00014543773,0.000039633524,0.000045074834,0.000281711,0.00006805559,0.00097246445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99080783,0.002774372,0.004523726,0.000019067513,0.000011123999,0.00003285096,0.00019940657,0.000013341263,0.0016182621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997354,0.000049415918,0.00002618442,0.00005591547,0.000094074196,0.000038969305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948716,0.00028009713,0.00007325539,0.000028620056,0.00011370898,0.00001720929],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052003696,0.00046214517,0.0005323526,0.00031710585,0.000273435,0.0003509732,0.00038375266,0.00046741136,0.0009335206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011837628,0.00018503724,0.0008417187,0.00039772084,0.00016347344,0.00066666864,0.000128058,0.00048372825,0.00030795793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031023484,0.0001717536,0.0019732583,0.0009483806,0.00009358533,0.00021485936,0.00022623227,0.012176083,0.9721078,0.0014720098,0.00015098917,0.010154718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014680311,0.0005587103,0.0041655703,0.000024646093,0.000071735616,0.00030507223,0.00013367321,0.07065346,0.92172587,0.00037650688,0.001918051,0.000052043888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023539024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014909728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023539024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004826098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002804419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004680395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206982942","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_1","title":"Introduction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Membrane; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Applications of nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006956398732952024,"score_gpt":0.21894553793510993,"score_spread":0.2119891392021579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206982942","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00054671435,0.0025056454,0.0058847587,0.0032430827,0.0066024344,0.00021629171,0.005763941,0.0017682094,0.97346884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013493339,0.0014952441,0.0021092112,0.001275098,0.00071210356,0.0001208339,0.004064772,0.0003873956,0.98848605],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992718,0.00006321915,0.000023675077,0.00014830068,0.0004121235,0.000080804566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990883,0.00012328812,0.000029333243,0.00011537683,0.0004519021,0.00019192947],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071834907,0.0009127346,0.00055171194,0.0016537493,0.001302127,0.0035569952,0.0016239214,0.0014975094,0.66624177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023919994,0.00029482553,0.0005779788,0.0013700925,0.0004191805,0.0019662029,0.0023805108,0.0015466625,0.57847464],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003288235,0.000040280232,0.0001102732,0.00017187027,0.0000026580187,0.000058650723,0.00007695917,0.00010880175,0.00049619604,0.014578042,0.81881076,0.16551262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023448868,0.00000737308,0.00007830074,0.000049972015,0.000001032881,0.000033146713,0.000024717638,0.000017970413,0.00009620158,0.0019957693,0.9976907,0.0000025632964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00248282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035715438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33375823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011442516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020945251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47606558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4207038619","doi":"10.2166/wst.2022.024","title":"Evaluation of process condition impact on copper and lead ions removal from water using goethite incorporated nanocomposite ultrafiltration adsorptive membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Copper; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Goethite; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Polyacrylonitrile; Chemistry; Metal; Ferrous; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Adsorption; Chromatography; Metallurgy; Polymer","score_opus":0.028653742594041933,"score_gpt":0.3069520189247405,"score_spread":0.2782982763306986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4207038619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99687344,0.0005085258,0.0021895505,0.00002248781,0.000009613996,0.000024497414,0.000078522506,0.000038441613,0.00025488576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909801,0.0008248862,0.007395174,0.000022659722,0.00000580827,0.000053305303,0.00009954469,0.000015331121,0.0006031996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997665,0.00003990735,0.000027296768,0.00004786339,0.00008002144,0.000038453298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998765,0.000037957176,0.000034280758,0.0000069842995,0.000035277284,0.000008977749],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003958702,0.00040482517,0.00045862468,0.0002253465,0.00017216725,0.00035106807,0.00021447387,0.0003684609,0.00028945823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038525806,0.00016669331,0.00036505106,0.0002587055,0.00017331808,0.0003469677,0.00020436305,0.00035711055,0.000098203294],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000092089635,0.000036180463,0.0001610463,0.00007326072,0.0000059457175,0.00002511138,0.000018245533,0.00022237915,0.9978294,0.00001634811,0.000009765991,0.0015102606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053350855,0.00020878254,0.0011445747,0.0000024788976,0.00001531981,0.000015668984,0.000013180708,0.0009973266,0.9974105,0.00000783856,0.00017445732,0.0000046418904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014364764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022006084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014364764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033245434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028074766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002856195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4207083802","doi":"10.3390/membranes12020129","title":"Flux Increase Occurring When an Ultrafiltration Membrane Is Flipped from a Normal to an Inverted Position—Experiments and Theory","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Backwashing; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Chemistry; Chromatography; RADIUS; Mechanics; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.015907824117298314,"score_gpt":0.25029894366375494,"score_spread":0.2343911195464566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4207083802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9411584,0.0019232457,0.05303162,0.00039871372,0.00013397723,0.000099465295,0.00023661165,0.00030450517,0.0027135087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860094,0.001288139,0.011829303,0.00007459266,0.000032467477,0.00006413032,0.000073946634,0.000012310812,0.0006158169],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996227,0.000033823486,0.000021987249,0.000102831524,0.0001506151,0.00006791539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997092,0.00013310176,0.00006472951,0.00002741973,0.000050116978,0.000015396792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054309785,0.00047034354,0.0004266408,0.00041859114,0.00029183237,0.00039980092,0.0006238222,0.0007445088,0.00072862545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008362505,0.000259399,0.00051197136,0.00024930335,0.0007750796,0.000997512,0.00036048453,0.00047690305,0.00017617476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013238529,0.00007988907,0.0007584773,0.00019647549,0.0000082412635,0.00025077313,0.00009110759,0.0033449172,0.9872469,0.0012106756,0.00009486738,0.0065852674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018783252,0.00061352394,0.0029835613,0.000022680013,0.000017338152,0.00022063535,0.000094435556,0.0575105,0.93660825,0.00096611114,0.00089636084,0.00004782257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084353966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036269033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084353966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060437317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025744076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004385054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210327375","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10305","title":"Aqueous Self-Assembly of Hydrophobic Molecules Influenced by the Molecular Geometry","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Perylene; Aqueous solution; Self-assembly; Molecule; Diimide; Chemistry; Steric effects; Hydrophobic effect; Solvent; Crystallography; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00350860095438664,"score_gpt":0.21402030595513408,"score_spread":0.21051170500074742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210327375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99092627,0.0005330208,0.0058569815,0.000042277698,0.000026961026,0.000020715173,0.00003325206,0.00007257476,0.0024879852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99664366,0.00030526068,0.0016874293,0.000029864394,0.0000102007325,0.000014004022,0.000044722703,0.000012503921,0.0012524134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999269,0.000010638049,0.0000044200156,0.000018814388,0.000018860126,0.000020422027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999206,0.000013514729,0.000023593835,0.000007573865,0.000017304406,0.000017414366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080387406,0.000281858,0.00012458873,0.0001066597,0.00015253414,0.00023801939,0.00016756181,0.00016005883,0.00083399244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014434682,0.00016919106,0.00012602229,0.000094015544,0.00023324904,0.00035440509,0.00027177733,0.00022637306,0.00031775254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001833641,0.000008483712,0.00008542097,0.000022960285,0.0000032287871,0.000030033776,0.000024139468,0.0002051076,0.9977291,0.0002750641,0.00003180954,0.0015663006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000097048105,0.00014068538,0.0008104116,0.0000033502643,0.00000957041,0.000049601487,0.00002641699,0.005018972,0.99194056,0.00011211144,0.00187082,0.000007779842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021110839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032025523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083399244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017895544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113834365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027899742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210385215","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.029","title":"Influence of MBBR carrier geometrical properties and biofilm thickness restraint on biofilm properties, effluent particle size distribution, settling velocity distribution, and settling behaviour","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Biofilm; Particle-size distribution; Particle (ecology); Effluent; Particle size; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology","score_opus":0.021531213666005786,"score_gpt":0.22883531661026882,"score_spread":0.20730410294426305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210385215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99905294,0.00019215913,0.0004345742,0.000020322961,0.0000076254355,0.0000072861576,0.000034930727,0.000015070126,0.0002350894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984426,0.00018205865,0.000812282,0.000020122468,0.0000042424267,0.000009498956,0.000056899193,0.000015267662,0.00045692082],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996736,0.000055370347,0.00003669801,0.00007189042,0.00009638827,0.00006607085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903786,0.00055548135,0.00013126543,0.000059680755,0.0001468727,0.000068892485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048500253,0.00046603466,0.00037088303,0.00018921249,0.0002523623,0.000750167,0.00034305363,0.0004575278,0.0012480875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021877165,0.00024855952,0.00019653443,0.00020194953,0.00035216555,0.000483398,0.00031774046,0.00037411577,0.00028618265],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00077579304,0.000075792945,0.0009912996,0.00005414343,0.00000950337,0.000047103476,0.000065969354,0.00054728065,0.9952826,0.000046662277,0.000041073767,0.0020627626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028420105,0.0012371338,0.008042501,0.000008894718,0.000042026237,0.0000742659,0.00011513096,0.002439947,0.9874214,0.000024861045,0.00054761575,0.00001786251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028429555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028201109,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028429555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032144084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059853954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005652845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210405272","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4001158","title":"Pervaporation-Assisted Desalination of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Brine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Desalination; Seawater; Pervaporation; Osmotic power; Geothermal desalination; Environmental science; Fresh water; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Chemistry; Geology; Oceanography; Permeation","score_opus":0.010034152248362184,"score_gpt":0.22782756954830347,"score_spread":0.21779341729994128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210405272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889464,0.0015626138,0.004342658,0.00030320944,0.000100099875,0.00002250007,0.00018967758,0.00009613721,0.004436763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911142,0.0012047429,0.0016420167,0.000058038317,0.000015408896,0.000010702336,0.00012371568,0.000018975528,0.0058122845],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999205,0.000009892538,0.000004797018,0.000015378062,0.000030456493,0.000018903256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999751,0.00000448412,0.0000042381007,0.000002930958,0.00001004527,0.0000031600132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013641044,0.0002793201,0.00025522948,0.00016816636,0.00023453597,0.00025504243,0.0002142047,0.0002495721,0.0012562051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012013258,0.00009533861,0.00025569834,0.00015611672,0.00015046781,0.0005080529,0.0003136598,0.00059593,0.0004491566],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007712692,0.000024850557,0.00016757858,0.00013211361,0.000011866266,0.0000782645,0.00007402052,0.0003502965,0.99086225,0.0002527561,0.00021711174,0.007751874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000090498415,0.00007416578,0.00082084996,0.000006473653,0.000009661476,0.000070422895,0.00004787229,0.0009893841,0.9932301,0.000072062874,0.0046621817,0.0000077524855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012494446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026240267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012562051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020804707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034379767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042024255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210473977","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2022.101627","title":"Methods for stability assessment of electrically conductive membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MethodsX","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Glutaraldehyde; Chemical engineering; Passivation; Microfiltration; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cellulose triacetate; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer","score_opus":0.07691314656300938,"score_gpt":0.43631434545621695,"score_spread":0.35940119889320754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210473977","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.032971896,0.015577509,0.94192827,0.00033428535,0.00044628693,0.0017090756,0.0014603366,0.0013558416,0.0042165583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12840575,0.018447526,0.8333477,0.00037018914,0.0001810196,0.008147708,0.0025771698,0.0004152257,0.008107728],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99282396,0.0014875714,0.0009234871,0.0010422918,0.0034965284,0.0002261009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944095,0.0013591102,0.0008703831,0.00084478856,0.0024045897,0.000111639085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004600648,0.0018147383,0.0008347836,0.0041625286,0.0007814677,0.0008535197,0.0014183566,0.0017037214,0.0028346088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0071100486,0.00072541076,0.0009788483,0.0019589467,0.00066102936,0.0012967013,0.0013913786,0.0023558023,0.0016179511],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055277047,0.00009398083,0.0006226032,0.00096986996,0.00006871045,0.00011754328,0.0001860391,0.00068231515,0.94977826,0.001551729,0.0008799435,0.04499371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002064248,0.0003121596,0.0020274217,0.00019671128,0.000086194595,0.0003969054,0.000092428076,0.005088055,0.96453696,0.001234188,0.025934985,0.000073196505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066740444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012872417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004600648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00084007444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007397076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024330795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210971772","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_6","title":"Membrane Applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Membrane; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Business; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008543064284161827,"score_gpt":0.23148880276739833,"score_spread":0.2229457384832365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210971772","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011638433,0.042704463,0.057008192,0.0038065754,0.0049387566,0.0003366265,0.002804112,0.0028648037,0.87389797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.029922219,0.022032915,0.012900485,0.0013966273,0.00047557568,0.00022190456,0.002605961,0.00041042836,0.93003386],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957305,0.000022146218,0.000012578021,0.00007630909,0.00026129995,0.000054546777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999089,0.000008946568,0.000006176704,0.000015829244,0.000047831323,0.000012331226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031489064,0.0011335026,0.00062565546,0.000878509,0.00086998974,0.0017594794,0.0012635028,0.0016750308,0.05577802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032391725,0.00038394073,0.00058583776,0.0010244449,0.00025892362,0.0016629891,0.0018185455,0.0014232452,0.05921806],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017067288,0.00013727076,0.0001859832,0.0015174266,0.000029941244,0.0004580735,0.000165901,0.00062419963,0.2036208,0.044192716,0.21079014,0.5381069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005947698,0.000033640517,0.00014397138,0.00006764768,0.000008979626,0.00030260303,0.00003432434,0.00049239077,0.05821217,0.0030588594,0.93762904,0.000010519262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006736257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000955314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05577802,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072031614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006287957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1865961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211001808","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_2","title":"Membrane Preparation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry","score_opus":0.008984277199233101,"score_gpt":0.23904358461309205,"score_spread":0.23005930741385894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211001808","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051098086,0.016539086,0.26966605,0.0028745343,0.0053885113,0.0074559962,0.031716313,0.012499183,0.6027623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12954591,0.020973999,0.12604284,0.0028913864,0.0008639683,0.00837215,0.06054347,0.0031755364,0.6475908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936837,0.000040843493,0.00003956777,0.00019285438,0.00021880062,0.0001395901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998235,0.000025139858,0.000011943977,0.00005161292,0.000065049935,0.000022776563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005033507,0.0019680846,0.0013376724,0.0016697954,0.0013831676,0.0007277476,0.0014215648,0.0010819755,0.10216112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063117634,0.0008570028,0.00089383137,0.0015723716,0.00041562194,0.0010163708,0.0013837335,0.0026764201,0.11150291],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033251906,0.00028521052,0.00022648383,0.0018530672,0.000085506916,0.0005629779,0.00020800953,0.0008323072,0.7902339,0.014131609,0.0730061,0.118242204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005330524,0.00016572094,0.0004327992,0.00013034235,0.000038383158,0.0003410395,0.000060824557,0.0007090241,0.44642025,0.0018076105,0.5498061,0.000034648918],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00080507377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018295045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10216112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059332466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083430053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34176296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211056601","doi":"10.1007/978-1-59745-029-4_7","title":"Membrane Filtration","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Humana Press eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Raw water; Water supply; Business; Consumption (sociology); Population; Natural resource economics; Resource (disambiguation); Raw material; Human life; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Economics; Ecology; Environmental health","score_opus":0.04443328382076834,"score_gpt":0.2408960898717012,"score_spread":0.19646280605093286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211056601","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022271095,0.11455787,0.22811669,0.004232385,0.0070923804,0.0008127504,0.0046273917,0.007075677,0.6112138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.046017338,0.035025064,0.051546276,0.0014450233,0.000353187,0.0003651,0.0034828698,0.000477641,0.8612874],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995975,0.000019466857,0.000013510955,0.00009852249,0.0002324171,0.000038750557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991906,0.000011271843,0.0000068573786,0.000010546909,0.000042831936,0.0000093986855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032631442,0.0009779329,0.00083454896,0.0013758858,0.0009807261,0.0017835245,0.0012397977,0.0014590167,0.04144287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035699585,0.0003498017,0.0006671126,0.0014333007,0.000281206,0.001539594,0.0008431327,0.0012747506,0.045990195],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001544323,0.00018285553,0.00027256217,0.0016335025,0.000058469945,0.00052166654,0.00023552797,0.00080110895,0.22893195,0.022260427,0.13979177,0.6051557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015840329,0.00009701582,0.0007302983,0.0001708579,0.000024903657,0.0011258306,0.00004825196,0.0012001412,0.105518796,0.0026318673,0.88840663,0.00002947623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011704542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016519828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04144287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007767388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059009565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13864022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211121665","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_4","title":"Membrane Modification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Hydrophilization; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Nanofiber; Electrospinning; Nanomaterials; Grafting; Polymer chemistry; Polymerization; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.013395352686819895,"score_gpt":0.24119485059867732,"score_spread":0.2277994979118574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211121665","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10906694,0.02101122,0.19404517,0.0026931183,0.004809565,0.0013393902,0.008916194,0.0077542616,0.65036416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1813058,0.012698208,0.043097537,0.0017627303,0.000303895,0.0008595397,0.009532401,0.0010067091,0.7494331],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996567,0.000015985232,0.000012955894,0.000104907165,0.00015219439,0.000057285342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994075,0.0000073964206,0.000008273303,0.000018592295,0.000018432134,0.0000065304066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021643404,0.00086844794,0.0004514896,0.00050897745,0.0004610856,0.00059235306,0.00074262073,0.0006660641,0.030105641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022857946,0.00036797242,0.00060489436,0.00054200593,0.00022952181,0.0006779006,0.000747961,0.00134737,0.024961274],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000091994865,0.000071352,0.000101583064,0.00046872368,0.000032041593,0.00015516963,0.00006585056,0.00024149491,0.9010781,0.00557487,0.016832659,0.07528629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009114133,0.00006441662,0.00034266576,0.000027584601,0.000016471911,0.00020358172,0.00001629032,0.00041378147,0.72852296,0.00057793316,0.26979098,0.000014194814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000590351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008633261,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030105641,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000460449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003327197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10071343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211149911","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_3","title":"Membrane Characterization","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Contact angle; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.008167414376544342,"score_gpt":0.21878817857316615,"score_spread":0.21062076419662182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211149911","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17558505,0.013736808,0.42784116,0.0034848095,0.002242763,0.0027326564,0.034350976,0.010642431,0.32938343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2834533,0.013241584,0.142105,0.0019727459,0.00023204039,0.0029997975,0.047415577,0.0024813593,0.5060986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940884,0.000033467182,0.00003154309,0.00016838014,0.00027180192,0.000085973516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979407,0.000026451356,0.000015068682,0.000050817587,0.0001006311,0.000013089102],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052696984,0.0012137786,0.00074291945,0.0011168518,0.0008678342,0.0008981169,0.0008906196,0.0010540129,0.026460389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005582306,0.0004897066,0.0006409739,0.0010486022,0.00034858947,0.0010926635,0.0008821053,0.0014898643,0.02577678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007853964,0.000057677033,0.00016037372,0.00027919706,0.000019581374,0.000111811016,0.00007918456,0.00021016134,0.9355536,0.002120262,0.009952469,0.0513771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060321727,0.000055431214,0.0005686277,0.000030836472,0.000013608055,0.00016868068,0.000035131954,0.00097163406,0.89033055,0.0004969047,0.107305005,0.000017548138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012164934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017490991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026460389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065565575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007851682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0885188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211205896","doi":"10.1002/wer.1385","title":"Membrane processes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Jacobs (Canada); Suez (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Membrane bioreactor; Waste management; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Fouling; Chemistry","score_opus":0.13224907089766297,"score_gpt":0.37671993281254895,"score_spread":0.24447086191488598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211205896","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009802483,0.9803033,0.0016697494,0.0009082396,0.0009389605,0.00011402915,0.00066026166,0.00008186865,0.014343267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009246065,0.9752763,0.0026158239,0.001076326,0.00029252103,0.0001284431,0.0011450483,0.000030290857,0.010189239],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987249,0.00016464209,0.00018121548,0.00024254883,0.0005493442,0.00013736996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950063,0.00012786915,0.000100621146,0.00003439278,0.00021237823,0.000024242087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011004526,0.0013369692,0.0015397473,0.0037308321,0.00071195734,0.002849499,0.0014841033,0.0015230167,0.014948939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017820081,0.00037372598,0.0017445284,0.0043187873,0.0004422136,0.00302699,0.0016441614,0.0015686308,0.010788689],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013967507,0.000105264495,0.00036553852,0.06895538,0.0002797846,0.00045699574,0.00016059892,0.000590104,0.010442277,0.0108485315,0.053303108,0.8543528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013206347,0.00007868055,0.00038850593,0.0036547834,0.00022423583,0.00064707315,0.00007545105,0.000106393076,0.0050733876,0.001238391,0.98847485,0.000025082763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024818187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002742175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014948939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013267822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0028580434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05000919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212935718","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2022.100987","title":"Mechanisms involved in anaerobic digestion of desiccated coconut wastewater and related strategies to overcome lipid inhibition — A review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; Biomass (ecology); Digestion (alchemy); Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Biotechnology; Biology; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.023898565851908304,"score_gpt":0.2719618987710533,"score_spread":0.248063332919145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212935718","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003397068,0.9988135,0.00018961233,0.00005697203,0.000094968,0.000008403454,0.00003059945,0.0000057127822,0.00046050933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007470312,0.9985759,0.00021665326,0.000050170805,0.000044775534,0.00000686695,0.000039505718,8.628644e-7,0.00031814488],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998381,0.000014201993,0.000026015801,0.000033900113,0.00006492761,0.000022866652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998068,0.00006508913,0.00005328723,0.0000062140384,0.000054140375,0.000014549257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042972286,0.0015520797,0.0017113213,0.0027633535,0.00029339048,0.0011771658,0.00087251345,0.00087408826,0.0018190416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000397784,0.0004234633,0.00073147094,0.0027299658,0.00039719226,0.0014427237,0.0008107275,0.0009613567,0.0011360862],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018068975,0.00017277997,0.0002666238,0.062406242,0.00026749892,0.00035149918,0.000078438854,0.0008111569,0.022959035,0.0022349574,0.009556378,0.9007146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004328159,0.0004871964,0.0024202263,0.008307669,0.00081162545,0.0013498327,0.00016160391,0.00025395295,0.013685507,0.0016693918,0.97070754,0.000102105405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013494067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024932828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027633535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004939639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010876791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006085336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213122386","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4007835","title":"Modifying Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersibility to Address the Permeability/Selectivity Trade-Off of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Nanocrystal; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Selectivity; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010998352066169411,"score_gpt":0.23426033837670615,"score_spread":0.22326198631053673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213122386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99155724,0.0007040146,0.006099178,0.00013705088,0.000034285666,0.000019683288,0.00004645021,0.000062381136,0.0013396537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99557734,0.00036788138,0.0032310348,0.00004618953,0.0000074048644,0.0000108385475,0.00002747486,0.000021149324,0.0007107931],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987495,0.000013883468,0.000011086402,0.000038021244,0.000034701272,0.00002730957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976295,0.000083282976,0.00006974306,0.000016498137,0.000045138968,0.000022380898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021642371,0.00024105873,0.00019276144,0.0001343453,0.00014880415,0.00041075182,0.00022085049,0.00031482553,0.0006481351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041299057,0.00017734579,0.00014958858,0.000115473194,0.00017569431,0.00046178192,0.00016390905,0.0005471138,0.00017777718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024946474,0.000011968388,0.00003125309,0.000018858622,0.0000023904154,0.000013905901,0.000006868726,0.000088072666,0.9989742,0.000087972614,0.000016002648,0.0007237241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029819294,0.000021903372,0.000116660725,0.0000013003898,0.0000033510944,0.000010498355,0.0000033169458,0.0009415632,0.998691,0.000009373295,0.00019588356,0.000002218589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011381404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029222157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011381404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005115138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028349846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037112832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213224091","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120679","title":"Integrating biofouling sensing with fouling mitigation in a two-electrode electrically conductive membrane filtration system","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; China Scholarship Council; McMaster University","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Dielectric spectroscopy; Permeation; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Electrode; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.009291311737114573,"score_gpt":0.2571345425916498,"score_spread":0.24784323085453525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213224091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9041547,0.0009764795,0.09117576,0.00050912244,0.0002624064,0.00013015493,0.00031390588,0.0012553033,0.0012221142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9338569,0.00046456605,0.062548175,0.00036430857,0.00006069146,0.00012164001,0.00015831082,0.000041912208,0.002383451],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992466,0.00011321228,0.000051837847,0.00023649332,0.000268706,0.000083181716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966407,0.00011132016,0.000052329935,0.0000403935,0.00010236601,0.000029602186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050789065,0.0006639058,0.00062437594,0.00048359178,0.0004332167,0.00089357427,0.0012828986,0.0016977612,0.00055203674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000762662,0.00042083507,0.00037599145,0.00032614585,0.0003359599,0.00094164786,0.00062905013,0.0005416212,0.00035012787],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000470705,0.00002214229,0.00008074896,0.00002260993,0.0000043833606,0.000024846837,0.00001146678,0.00006931616,0.9978369,0.000033676974,0.000022504477,0.0018243707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008641171,0.000111855836,0.00045700418,0.0000022808383,0.000008532171,0.000054867127,0.000009077789,0.0024502194,0.9963744,0.000029121404,0.00048357106,0.0000103072125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000835616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00123158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016977612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045138353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044082094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032750368},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220690830","doi":"10.1039/d2nj00005a","title":"Efficacy of MOF-199 in improvement of permeation, morphological, antifouling and antibacterial characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemistry; Biofouling; Permeation; Membrane; Fluoride; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.010206887193960238,"score_gpt":0.23387270870078536,"score_spread":0.22366582150682512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220690830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974968,0.0011396795,0.00051603885,0.000046348676,0.0000398947,0.000011117669,0.00006806073,0.00003443057,0.0006475865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978416,0.00044430187,0.00071017694,0.000029242432,0.000007826767,0.000008943666,0.00009253429,0.0000074590853,0.0008578967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989843,0.0000122239735,0.0000112443395,0.000015433345,0.000035892364,0.000026807795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999267,0.000016596921,0.000015583146,0.0000059615904,0.000018702753,0.000016454012],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009702607,0.00020316626,0.00018309997,0.00014011876,0.00011798634,0.00017263212,0.00016165782,0.00034495397,0.0005881464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018269832,0.00009990268,0.00021461009,0.00009001167,0.00009062447,0.00019114185,0.00008968122,0.00025833552,0.00011095895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013598625,0.000037024256,0.000054220036,0.000028082535,0.0000028403224,0.00002642136,0.000004253749,0.000040510527,0.99868315,0.000015667729,0.000021899985,0.0009498999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006114954,0.00014144238,0.0005263965,0.0000016507358,0.000006888688,0.000028834615,0.0000030685228,0.00024186943,0.99875796,0.0000031079642,0.00028023787,0.0000024189897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074853137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00082839763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00074853137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010545903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014369616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019675493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220820149","doi":"10.3390/membranes12030302","title":"Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for Pure Lactic Acid Permeability","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Permeance; Lactic acid; Membrane; Chemistry; Fermentation; Yield (engineering); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Permeation; Materials science; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.04106682145625825,"score_gpt":0.2912454428441771,"score_spread":0.25017862138791885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220820149","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98835677,0.002361496,0.007859231,0.0001136701,0.00006265384,0.00010185184,0.00024123382,0.00007752729,0.0008255363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789215,0.0024422929,0.016835997,0.00006901609,0.000019059671,0.00013617573,0.00039631512,0.0000517132,0.0011279656],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943835,0.00011760816,0.000058850168,0.00009135037,0.0002173418,0.00007649377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994924,0.00015373186,0.000084042,0.000020840615,0.00021599782,0.000032931854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011771607,0.0006497394,0.00054654264,0.00030415595,0.00043033346,0.0005231233,0.00031641577,0.0007422836,0.00057148014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013471018,0.00018118093,0.00064599543,0.0003110485,0.00021675084,0.0009148673,0.00022668343,0.0006317544,0.00018715623],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053359247,0.000024947374,0.000084806794,0.00007122812,0.0000068585528,0.000015319672,0.000020485448,0.00007499234,0.99849975,0.000029445331,0.000017054512,0.0011017008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008734415,0.00030789996,0.0010656214,0.000012660789,0.000024862964,0.000049357386,0.0000298289,0.0007894964,0.9969298,0.000016236323,0.0007578583,0.0000076646265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018599675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016134768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018599675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00082692795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000336047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062255263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220918259","doi":"10.3390/membranes12040385","title":"Effect of Membrane Orientation and Concentration of Draw Solution on the Behavior of Commercial Osmotic Membrane in a Novel Dynamic Forward Osmosis Tests","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Chemistry; Osmosis; Lag; Osmotic pressure; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Reverse osmosis; Biochemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.01085673887585816,"score_gpt":0.26062249175529584,"score_spread":0.24976575287943767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220918259","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926904,0.00044911166,0.005267579,0.000095361625,0.000060832117,0.000053615087,0.0003153298,0.00012908617,0.0009386881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98613524,0.0009879702,0.010906254,0.00013653941,0.000029819124,0.00010503802,0.00032954031,0.00006897824,0.0013005101],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994004,0.00006233007,0.000060343576,0.00014112443,0.0002449515,0.00009086365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994592,0.00015281729,0.00016055898,0.00003768379,0.00013779728,0.00005187341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003988561,0.0007109129,0.0003421975,0.00022658016,0.00020288904,0.0005935534,0.00034065775,0.0004945141,0.0007489956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010154688,0.00025220765,0.0002666423,0.0003124162,0.0002638514,0.0005571032,0.00042025623,0.0008330692,0.00022392477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057917572,0.000019284907,0.0001867081,0.000026114958,0.0000034339105,0.000030471703,0.000022589687,0.000056850455,0.99837166,0.000023849932,0.000021116897,0.0011800028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025709132,0.000102467406,0.00067270175,0.0000024145759,0.0000073755846,0.000017234563,0.000021343878,0.0003242215,0.99848276,0.0000056183203,0.00035559628,0.0000056889075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007502675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010854463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007502675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036900255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027930678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026772618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220931869","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101017","title":"Effect of salinity and surfactant on volatile fatty acids production from kitchen wastewater fermentation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, India","keywords":"Fermentation; Wastewater; Pulmonary surfactant; Salinity; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Volatile fatty acids; Production (economics); Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Ecology; Economics","score_opus":0.007688109876608131,"score_gpt":0.23265063824373852,"score_spread":0.2249625283671304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220931869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99906605,0.00026337046,0.00015932128,0.000037486414,0.000019373576,0.000010698594,0.00007893319,0.000008895631,0.00035592078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988085,0.00020393495,0.00028361398,0.000027228876,0.000005890415,0.000007786233,0.000102573984,0.000005634133,0.00055497367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995284,0.00009821999,0.00009324245,0.000050046972,0.00010294005,0.00012708902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995171,0.00016119226,0.00006487929,0.000027062897,0.00013276676,0.000096981974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033197575,0.0004817737,0.00080763246,0.00023157909,0.0002764005,0.0007946039,0.00029975033,0.0005061687,0.0009373164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00076031225,0.0002579132,0.0005282772,0.0004890332,0.000263451,0.0004724237,0.0005074701,0.0005974968,0.00026160927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014214527,0.000097071985,0.0007301353,0.00010125475,0.000032958895,0.00010446483,0.00007712397,0.0003560902,0.9947954,0.000022070884,0.00003062825,0.0022314775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019412219,0.00063264207,0.0030669093,0.000008376574,0.00003508354,0.000026051293,0.000096892596,0.0005145159,0.9953414,0.000011381259,0.0002321984,0.000015011047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038231213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004470003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038231213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037984253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007427669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007601738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220941475","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.1c08722","title":"Principles, Advances, and Perspectives of Anaerobic Digestion of Lipids","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Wageningen University and Research; Enterprise Ireland; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap; Irish Research Council; European Commission; Technische Universiteit Delft; National University of Ireland; Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación; Science Foundation Ireland; Universidade do Minho","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Sewage treatment; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Methanogenesis; Chemistry; Engineering; Methane; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.026318897930261466,"score_gpt":0.2752451764444799,"score_spread":0.24892627851421842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220941475","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011105912,0.9981553,0.0002712858,0.00023341512,0.00017153518,0.0000033936929,0.000011064475,0.0000039130737,0.001038887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007114029,0.9983267,0.00030941833,0.00016431171,0.000102377555,0.0000062632266,0.0000147785095,0.0000012672938,0.00036339133],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996138,0.000060718045,0.000061431536,0.00006990284,0.00015337768,0.000040789055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997379,0.00012878356,0.00003758539,0.0000116004285,0.00006306313,0.000021102],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009895426,0.0011890398,0.001320245,0.0032692528,0.0004090579,0.0013830023,0.0008800783,0.0011835329,0.0018290065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005975253,0.00045142337,0.00071863394,0.00282339,0.00093588815,0.0021938726,0.00096689333,0.0027120793,0.00120095],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008774538,0.0001335176,0.00020089123,0.042291217,0.00014020682,0.00041633923,0.0002189585,0.0012095469,0.009216147,0.03056564,0.014240546,0.9012793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009603658,0.00009944717,0.00066380104,0.003934067,0.00006619261,0.00086539245,0.00007011999,0.00013143625,0.0016289856,0.0066858926,0.9858139,0.000031158765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013730491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018460872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032692528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00086841616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001563907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006300807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223647048","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2022.03.045","title":"Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus removal, shifts of functional bacteria and fate of resistance genes in bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole stress","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bioretention; Geobacter; Chemistry; Phosphorus; Environmental chemistry; Bacteria; Animal science; Biology; Ecology; Stormwater; Genetics","score_opus":0.019758792013047942,"score_gpt":0.23542776460426235,"score_spread":0.2156689725912144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4223647048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993104,0.00013354163,0.00017695932,0.000026515192,0.000012480618,0.0000039786314,0.000145973,0.000006273435,0.00018377534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839044,0.00009312918,0.00019291278,0.000020949183,0.0000049566615,0.000012822476,0.00030778197,0.0000042405914,0.00097275135],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967504,0.000030353456,0.000028947481,0.00008908522,0.000073031966,0.000103475075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999749,0.00005723439,0.00004928467,0.000024156849,0.000074091804,0.000046097495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022978282,0.0004041525,0.0005681669,0.00018138281,0.0003512986,0.00063212693,0.00028920552,0.0004932337,0.0007482176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040608368,0.0001959471,0.00044245546,0.0003181639,0.00034595944,0.00051638595,0.00037032145,0.00060577196,0.00019393374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006108925,0.00008743302,0.0015588449,0.00003511406,0.000015827476,0.000073518284,0.0000854469,0.00020033841,0.99570197,0.000024822895,0.000036969537,0.0015688539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014048562,0.0013417185,0.037443914,0.000012751314,0.00007251203,0.00012009996,0.00058289565,0.0027266126,0.9568223,0.00009626505,0.0007398139,0.000027085483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004377143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00646828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004377143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000558188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045082992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008703351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223931984","doi":"10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108187","title":"Influence of zwitterionic structure design on mixed matrix membrane stability, hydrophilicity, and fouling resistance: A computational study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Zwitterion; Membrane; Hydrogen bond; Chemistry; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Molecule; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Hydrophobic effect; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019207100127589517,"score_gpt":0.2464439924943337,"score_spread":0.2272368923667442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4223931984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943921,0.00033430016,0.0026611853,0.00007673951,0.000012572011,0.000016145183,0.00009807171,0.000030221425,0.0023786854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996572,0.00029419988,0.002478117,0.000029541234,0.0000043887603,0.000018443798,0.00005749197,0.000019316902,0.00052652974],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990726,0.000026350308,0.000004286631,0.000014562796,0.000021477144,0.000026103893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946946,0.00033515226,0.0000724383,0.000027188595,0.000070384915,0.000025406249],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046146923,0.0005010033,0.0005004787,0.00030676293,0.00036864867,0.000709944,0.00064504595,0.0006755154,0.0023936203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012624442,0.00030220518,0.00041063418,0.00035791713,0.000268521,0.0006816426,0.00036415047,0.00045208784,0.00025692926],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010609701,0.0007422098,0.007511443,0.00057846756,0.00022489714,0.00096502656,0.00017182331,0.8901098,0.07546675,0.0050619845,0.0009760584,0.017130584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015028528,0.00071647816,0.0014076454,0.00002087005,0.00021323556,0.000067607165,0.00013223579,0.9747985,0.021115055,0.0005518668,0.00079718657,0.000028942717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004307068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056979614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004307068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048418634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006884975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008563995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224230500","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24422","title":"Investigation of micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration ( <scp>MEUF</scp> ) using rhamnolipid for heavy metal removal from desalter effluent","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Imperial Oil (Canada); Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Rhamnolipid; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Critical micelle concentration; Micelle; Effluent; Chromatography; Membrane; Metal; Nuclear chemistry; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01768102732655749,"score_gpt":0.20330141526675224,"score_spread":0.18562038794019475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224230500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941999,0.0008406167,0.0043652835,0.000050380175,0.000014917468,0.000029594614,0.00007533834,0.000056278448,0.00036778708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991935,0.00086249487,0.00589652,0.00004331418,0.0000063210127,0.000024376262,0.00011917757,0.000023604372,0.0010891556],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998305,0.000034573648,0.000015822206,0.000028131291,0.000059287268,0.000031706688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999895,0.000020585387,0.00003921231,0.000005232767,0.000027675898,0.000012269258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038801855,0.00040483658,0.0002971681,0.00014722034,0.00013319985,0.0002869728,0.00016633718,0.00034395963,0.0002679282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024363,0.00012403243,0.00043124327,0.00014336701,0.00012671758,0.0003322354,0.00019275775,0.00032979753,0.00013388225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017421416,0.000010043796,0.00005404863,0.000027915536,0.0000028907434,0.000015441468,0.000007951899,0.000042711603,0.9992003,0.000011373842,0.000006266585,0.00060375244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020011962,0.00010761128,0.0007718799,0.000002359427,0.000006055025,0.00003968406,0.00000764884,0.0005908047,0.9981723,0.0000037923735,0.00029258334,0.000003204845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011844909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001482649,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011844909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025338095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015435042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023551583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224311224","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2022.118504","title":"Ammonia recovery from anaerobic digester centrate using onsite pilot scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled to membrane stripping","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wetsus; LIFE programme; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Electrodialysis; Stripping (fiber); Ammonia; Waste management; Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Environmental science; Anaerobic digestion; Membrane; Biogas; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering","score_opus":0.05314330779870241,"score_gpt":0.3000776078335029,"score_spread":0.2469343000348005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224311224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966264,0.00016449226,0.0023936497,0.00004231434,0.000012164259,0.000043286826,0.00021350049,0.000062486215,0.0004418042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883972,0.00055723934,0.008178092,0.0000576241,0.000012740156,0.00007994456,0.00041989147,0.00003392227,0.0022633793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997447,0.000034846275,0.000021433103,0.000063395935,0.00009796824,0.000037605147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998988,0.00002633273,0.00001940319,0.0000089425885,0.000033886172,0.000012639764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028762416,0.0005168725,0.0006257041,0.00022414008,0.00031236946,0.00047563663,0.000383955,0.00041353345,0.0005348045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025947744,0.00017848816,0.00039296353,0.00029514305,0.00018384802,0.00029565027,0.00035512462,0.00049199024,0.00022634739],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088122404,0.000038223305,0.00016274716,0.000039171267,0.0000045412844,0.000025217221,0.000013635349,0.000082212,0.99807525,0.000005510141,0.000015082885,0.0014503299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011411401,0.00037708366,0.0024684384,0.000004316434,0.00001647758,0.00003893503,0.00003027233,0.0011025646,0.99537295,0.000009072099,0.00056161196,0.000006951257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038669896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048427614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038669896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044826642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038705376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007688999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225329106","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106388","title":"Thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor for pulp and paper primary sludge treatment: Effect of solids retention time on the biological performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass and Bioenergy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Biogas; Digestate; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Total dissolved solids; Chemistry; Volatile suspended solids; Anaerobic digestion; Bioenergy; Cellulose; Bioreactor; Pulp (tooth); Biofuel; Biomass (ecology); Suspended solids; Effluent; Waste management; Methane; Environmental science; Agronomy; Environmental engineering; Wastewater","score_opus":0.01670658591359134,"score_gpt":0.21042441245702057,"score_spread":0.19371782654342923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225329106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99809986,0.0005564453,0.0008046782,0.000067032255,0.000032127202,0.000008400398,0.00013214389,0.000024491952,0.00027474624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997131,0.0006100494,0.0009052415,0.000032660082,0.000017213066,0.000012824437,0.00018560971,0.000008914093,0.0010964497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998074,0.000038972634,0.000024254063,0.00003245193,0.000055562432,0.000041404175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979633,0.00004148965,0.000046209232,0.000015079742,0.00004392029,0.000056885885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003401724,0.0005272469,0.0005385456,0.00026709598,0.00034792096,0.00045474074,0.0002910505,0.0005081531,0.0011607374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034045434,0.00024327738,0.00043024242,0.00027549153,0.00016766808,0.00043812345,0.00024503493,0.00065087544,0.00035010432],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043616118,0.00009965953,0.00017305098,0.00003692629,0.000010455965,0.000024298006,0.000018756553,0.00013002258,0.9979766,0.000029261817,0.000028300923,0.0010365399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025210038,0.00079118274,0.0024805672,0.000008267373,0.000033586355,0.00005276765,0.00003972796,0.0011193204,0.9950229,0.000017233186,0.00039880222,0.000010343565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002229294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003031058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002229294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035703686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00065521564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044326186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225687735","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4078665","title":"Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Derived Zwitterionic Polyamide Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Anti-Dye Deposition Ability for Efficient Dye Separation and Recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Trimethylamine; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Deposition (geology); Materials science; Oxide; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005673775711791173,"score_gpt":0.2282096293109725,"score_spread":0.22253585359918132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225687735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97970253,0.0014211544,0.016562382,0.000099758,0.00006002426,0.0000323894,0.000119173776,0.00023469092,0.0017678102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815859,0.0011069833,0.013554173,0.00007313206,0.000023492366,0.00003677536,0.00020393176,0.000035935383,0.0033795584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989665,0.000010156449,0.000010784463,0.000024286595,0.000035280285,0.000022832472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993384,0.000009520831,0.000020693937,0.000004774125,0.000021119726,0.000009977689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022842412,0.0004910738,0.00023648213,0.00019570792,0.00018476482,0.00024084807,0.0002936588,0.0004309942,0.00052621297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016421349,0.00020078906,0.0002945342,0.00016785973,0.00012854039,0.0004429207,0.00020929458,0.00043719477,0.0002732836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010113076,0.0000035759124,0.000010490503,0.000013313865,0.0000014447289,0.000012145613,0.000003012205,0.000015563406,0.9995043,0.0000233444,0.00001155324,0.00039114652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002429014,0.000026385678,0.00021611126,0.0000010488868,0.0000055253927,0.000033501587,0.00000268482,0.0003858183,0.9989794,0.0000059325585,0.0003388502,0.000002356577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083102286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018725288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083102286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003071346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024864296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022283792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225755184","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4079556","title":"Modifying Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersibility to Address the Permeability/Selectivity Trade-Off of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Nanocrystal; Permeability (electromagnetism); Materials science; Cellulose; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Selectivity; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010998352066169411,"score_gpt":0.23426033837670615,"score_spread":0.22326198631053673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225755184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99155724,0.0007040146,0.006099178,0.00013705088,0.000034285666,0.000019683288,0.00004645021,0.000062381136,0.0013396537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99557734,0.00036788138,0.0032310348,0.00004618953,0.0000074048644,0.0000108385475,0.00002747486,0.000021149324,0.0007107931],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987495,0.000013883468,0.000011086402,0.000038021244,0.000034701272,0.00002730957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976295,0.000083282976,0.00006974306,0.000016498137,0.000045138968,0.000022380898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021642371,0.00024105873,0.00019276144,0.0001343453,0.00014880415,0.00041075182,0.00022085049,0.00031482553,0.0006481351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041299057,0.00017734579,0.00014958858,0.000115473194,0.00017569431,0.00046178192,0.00016390905,0.0005471138,0.00017777718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024946474,0.000011968388,0.00003125309,0.000018858622,0.0000023904154,0.000013905901,0.000006868726,0.000088072666,0.9989742,0.000087972614,0.000016002648,0.0007237241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029819294,0.000021903372,0.000116660725,0.0000013003898,0.0000033510944,0.000010498355,0.0000033169458,0.0009415632,0.998691,0.000009373295,0.00019588356,0.000002218589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011381404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029222157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011381404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005115138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028349846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037112832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225875671","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4057609","title":"Microporous Membranes for Ultrafast and Energy-Efficient Removal of Antibiotics Through Polyphenol-Mediated Nanointerfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Microporous material; Polyphenol; Membrane; Antibiotics; Chemistry; Ultrashort pulse; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0072893135225466235,"score_gpt":0.21889995116545302,"score_spread":0.21161063764290639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225875671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.972874,0.0033574966,0.019080652,0.00027427575,0.00010866385,0.000038456314,0.00019259246,0.0003724473,0.0037013104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98748827,0.001325002,0.006557663,0.00007754535,0.000023657756,0.000028084447,0.00012191256,0.000027411146,0.004350543],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998888,0.000008998104,0.000008135873,0.000020110014,0.00003999228,0.000033915927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999522,0.0000137386,0.000010923885,0.000003767375,0.000012119253,0.0000071365375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001749027,0.000264291,0.00019818345,0.00020443028,0.00020040863,0.00019144225,0.00032319696,0.00037448865,0.0011287385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012506412,0.00015635269,0.0003106662,0.00008248929,0.00014104425,0.00039725495,0.00030145526,0.00040974224,0.00049454905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027690294,0.000013185435,0.0000326564,0.00004615478,0.000004461539,0.000023420907,0.000012946805,0.00006322566,0.9973258,0.00016216251,0.00008336647,0.0022048834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029748685,0.000037661797,0.00024300092,0.0000021920332,0.000004975448,0.00003268552,0.000007217988,0.0007449161,0.99791616,0.00002762168,0.0009772404,0.0000033471724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00078213896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019788898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011287385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037695415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025647282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037760139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225893709","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76081-6_24","title":"Recent Advances in the Physical Methods to Combat Membrane Fouling: An Emphasis on the Periodic Feed Pressure Technique","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Clogging; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02459395454193437,"score_gpt":0.35659275800099005,"score_spread":0.3319988034590557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225893709","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0029156066,0.90978795,0.023206731,0.001840343,0.003120618,0.000038232345,0.00010853556,0.00023772207,0.058744114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.012505618,0.8687614,0.029022485,0.0018657577,0.0022332326,0.000052357118,0.00027306002,0.00012693166,0.08515916],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997671,0.000017586352,0.000012083752,0.00003994084,0.00014541126,0.00001788022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997974,0.00009717353,0.000025391133,0.00001196576,0.000052380055,0.000015793103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004190225,0.0006585568,0.0005830178,0.0010947348,0.00025216315,0.0011491266,0.00083133805,0.0007718031,0.010187236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040778064,0.0003701429,0.0005463616,0.0020128395,0.0004924339,0.0017836833,0.00091654505,0.0017065159,0.004745353],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007687612,0.00014393283,0.00007241367,0.0059248796,0.00003136575,0.00018684915,0.000107284104,0.00082507625,0.0701168,0.014778349,0.029783202,0.877953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010604444,0.00017874174,0.00040231875,0.00044641714,0.000035546953,0.000814847,0.000040730967,0.00069052225,0.022728212,0.005800129,0.96882254,0.000029317696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040298028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010556183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010187236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037853088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005149775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03407973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226040802","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88514-0.00003-6","title":"Polymer-based nanoenhanced nanofiltration membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.013711048418409318,"score_gpt":0.22634206534151674,"score_spread":0.21263101692310743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226040802","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1343465,0.15128285,0.2094916,0.0021568618,0.0024945426,0.00027758747,0.0013014366,0.002475954,0.4961727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.15257558,0.0869467,0.065007135,0.00096788455,0.00040606275,0.00014635026,0.0011267496,0.00040653258,0.69241697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993134,0.0000030329734,0.0000027194299,0.000013399986,0.000042454943,0.0000070700426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999856,0.0000048974853,0.0000017562091,0.0000015904493,0.000004825338,0.00000133987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107973654,0.0004960399,0.000222515,0.000320312,0.0001557477,0.0005393074,0.0003716279,0.00042806313,0.0046944204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005620442,0.00026105437,0.00025930876,0.0003047844,0.000120045785,0.0010235001,0.0003193013,0.0006476874,0.0033309478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026768623,0.000067017325,0.0000242723,0.00045021446,0.000010055193,0.000089525965,0.000031899675,0.0006709273,0.87972414,0.0060155415,0.0052325595,0.10765708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000073046317,0.0000720566,0.0003848265,0.00006449208,0.000015780819,0.00027620062,0.000015605596,0.0025409367,0.7565561,0.002586115,0.23746696,0.000013603489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028199374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009346277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046944204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038483483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013140679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015704453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226159178","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88514-0.00017-6","title":"Polymer-based bioinspired, biomimetic, and stimuli-responsive nanofiltration membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biomimetics; Synthetic membrane; Biomimetic materials; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.017102790180508382,"score_gpt":0.23719735396519223,"score_spread":0.22009456378468384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226159178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30022973,0.25241148,0.15578207,0.0027754118,0.0027561502,0.0002381591,0.0018507775,0.0023913865,0.2815649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.37493604,0.13853824,0.066272505,0.001080772,0.00049656496,0.00016201689,0.0012242957,0.00035457875,0.416935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999541,0.000001837389,0.0000021732892,0.000009648315,0.000025727368,0.000006520543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999857,0.0000047459234,0.0000025690924,0.0000016401489,0.0000033528347,0.0000020079508],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080617094,0.00040532797,0.00020578715,0.00022673141,0.00013262179,0.00043479854,0.0003243474,0.00042621844,0.0027995077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006760752,0.00021166143,0.0002697128,0.00030016643,0.00015212482,0.0009089339,0.00024169093,0.0006208636,0.0012455063],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019806846,0.000043735785,0.000026479729,0.00038054612,0.0000063725583,0.00007330767,0.00002545348,0.00057804043,0.9352654,0.00450389,0.0021274756,0.056949396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009232559,0.00011781182,0.0004921017,0.000058450987,0.000013234037,0.00044302444,0.000019736983,0.0028277386,0.8589299,0.0025874297,0.13448516,0.000016207618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027995248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084717746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027995077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036227668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014246826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00936532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226246219","doi":"10.22215/etd/2022-14912","title":"Chemically enhanced backwashing for NOM removal of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes using conventional cleaning chemicals with a surfactant","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Cleaning agent; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Biofouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.016201936063178532,"score_gpt":0.2734382491007385,"score_spread":0.25723631303755995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226246219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812112,0.0024443662,0.013423938,0.000095602554,0.00010172375,0.000073709416,0.00010565941,0.00009042469,0.0024533607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97127616,0.002288773,0.017583814,0.00010238467,0.000027596303,0.000062191066,0.00022046694,0.00004734289,0.008391352],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986184,0.000013839292,0.000011331639,0.000024644163,0.00006207086,0.000026233225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999372,0.000015790038,0.000010739114,0.0000048484353,0.000025573068,0.00000587216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001994996,0.00028810417,0.00025076754,0.00018749987,0.00025829265,0.00023132487,0.0002574351,0.00027298724,0.0010700516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019120402,0.00014678412,0.00047926797,0.00014320866,0.00012239498,0.0003169934,0.00020231762,0.00049935584,0.00032090317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016436597,0.000009452489,0.000033625987,0.00004031626,0.0000040514965,0.00001386953,0.000015813888,0.000032343316,0.99847406,0.000023557634,0.000023300618,0.0013131928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019354159,0.00002930279,0.00030335935,0.0000018374407,0.000006716382,0.000019023808,0.000008602853,0.00020505603,0.9988651,0.000004707784,0.0005521917,0.0000022548677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001248428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029906414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001248428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027513245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029593566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035796762},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229074066","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121194","title":"Evaluation of the impact of SBR operating temperature and filtration temperature on fouling of membranes used for tertiary treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.025376631540025875,"score_gpt":0.31769980559645616,"score_spread":0.29232317405643027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229074066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99918395,0.00023533896,0.00028476884,0.000012693798,0.000010126519,0.0000074031395,0.00006714641,0.0000059457766,0.00019268626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985032,0.00027505134,0.0006109574,0.000013229473,0.0000053878425,0.000006192427,0.000088838686,0.0000068312183,0.0004904288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999622,0.000074362135,0.000033084332,0.000061638966,0.0001405664,0.00006826001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930024,0.00024311458,0.00012669495,0.000051896874,0.00023958545,0.000038405098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004733701,0.00031300352,0.0003693547,0.0001887397,0.0002618728,0.00036607214,0.0002083067,0.0004676295,0.0005576385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008565591,0.00014080465,0.0005465158,0.00022226204,0.00022379075,0.0003476574,0.00015172195,0.00032429918,0.00016931434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010891452,0.00016823328,0.0018436741,0.000111606445,0.00003164973,0.00007258755,0.00005101336,0.00071090856,0.9923258,0.000025659889,0.00004363192,0.003526005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070644396,0.001415317,0.008417846,0.000006898832,0.0000464976,0.00006421958,0.000047697093,0.0011504778,0.9885445,0.00001252273,0.00027721186,0.000009702163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014111479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016346035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014111479,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027742353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024811437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002805829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229784216","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14662725.v1","title":"In-Situ Ultrasound-Assisted Control of Polymeric Membrane Fouling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Volumetric flow rate; Cross-flow filtration; Effluent; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015013921329698997,"score_gpt":0.25083925127528933,"score_spread":0.23582532994559033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229784216","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98552775,0.0012470318,0.012029019,0.00009554639,0.000041819378,0.000019667363,0.00006698791,0.00006986518,0.0009022229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99087137,0.0008918648,0.006568092,0.00004148599,0.000019154237,0.000024297444,0.00006235261,0.00002208113,0.0014993554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998437,0.000033537162,0.000011398459,0.00003286056,0.000050069637,0.000028392484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999876,0.000048354294,0.000030052854,0.0000102177355,0.00002458484,0.00001084173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025170343,0.00025676764,0.00022306666,0.00013446296,0.00014645321,0.00025330437,0.00021183264,0.0003519823,0.0005397826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002753899,0.00010964379,0.00017533048,0.00012503979,0.00023920287,0.00020501121,0.00018685614,0.00030522203,0.000091770286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015959347,0.0000059825647,0.000013570964,0.000018899167,8.717967e-7,0.0000056215463,0.000008437813,0.00003805893,0.9993724,0.000014167287,0.0000070537426,0.00049902225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012139062,0.000037248275,0.00013431002,7.0529927e-7,0.0000014494454,0.0000101995965,0.0000038142957,0.00039079925,0.99912375,0.000005875973,0.00028936414,0.0000013762575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046746037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063814415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005397826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024859412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105192776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018057227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230141147","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648892","title":"Design, construction and evaluation OFAN experimental ceramic membrane facility with investigation into fouling control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Ceramic; Environmental science; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03347423675249399,"score_gpt":0.27035860844247284,"score_spread":0.23688437168997883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230141147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86687124,0.00013329348,0.12452199,0.00018773352,0.000104041,0.0036279312,0.0011975982,0.001337146,0.0020190265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8294172,0.0002026244,0.15894963,0.000119425575,0.00002600371,0.005410055,0.0011598744,0.00011267847,0.004602519],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915504,0.00008155486,0.000048798865,0.0001764021,0.00036318178,0.00017496107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888223,0.00012375892,0.00019587716,0.00020950858,0.0003213021,0.0002673055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014665695,0.00070826407,0.0006953023,0.0005757073,0.0011654855,0.0007108715,0.0019501778,0.0013109746,0.0024325044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00090405735,0.00040865157,0.00066808285,0.0003318954,0.0006895672,0.000528495,0.00072057254,0.00087753264,0.0008909272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075576943,0.00068936584,0.0029009841,0.0002828596,0.000021664166,0.00014046194,0.00007364695,0.0036201228,0.98027587,0.00039882198,0.00020626553,0.010634224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001960835,0.007143373,0.008685401,0.000017727689,0.000056125635,0.00015033783,0.000083921994,0.01038409,0.9672971,0.00013718005,0.005801322,0.000047336092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025146313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020506664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025146313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013787262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002245345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0100034475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230259241","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1629-1","title":"Backwashing Frequency","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.017542365527273507,"score_gpt":0.21956742554268674,"score_spread":0.20202506001541323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230259241","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.019239917,0.012104811,0.15030363,0.0013871936,0.0029097935,0.0003620226,0.0014852455,0.0045311125,0.80767626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.070653774,0.010972819,0.04128701,0.0007689302,0.00034576474,0.00026111904,0.0012183014,0.0011306019,0.87336165],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994054,0.000026748849,0.00002297363,0.00014524683,0.00034936704,0.000050314437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979097,0.00004152608,0.000012314788,0.000054193286,0.00008971943,0.00001127471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030629095,0.0010497476,0.0007444495,0.0013394967,0.00093891536,0.0011891434,0.0015452404,0.000881996,0.055278197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060074416,0.00042179742,0.00045927722,0.0010890337,0.00037301212,0.0019223439,0.0011860608,0.0014942368,0.036943514],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017979994,0.000099945064,0.00019161482,0.0006464479,0.000010789714,0.00011510938,0.00019976674,0.0007877146,0.16436453,0.01917791,0.037181463,0.77704483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011879801,0.00011741426,0.000693461,0.00019173666,0.000025139465,0.00047742028,0.000114625574,0.0014455917,0.20789026,0.0054399706,0.78355277,0.000039753337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011585293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012335288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055278197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056786294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053807563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.184924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230637311","doi":"10.1515/iupac.73.0529","title":"Plasma Membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"IUPAC Standards Online","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan College","funders":"","keywords":"Table (database); Commission; Product (mathematics); Chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer science; Computer science; Political science; Mathematics; Law; Data mining","score_opus":0.013292852147134611,"score_gpt":0.35562914034281345,"score_spread":0.34233628819567885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230637311","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00022917842,0.0003973258,0.00011174655,0.00007714223,0.000025261212,0.0000099381805,0.9977865,0.00020043911,0.0011624647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000812601,0.00035981985,0.0002776842,0.000087441564,0.000007919793,0.000049216895,0.9976109,0.000035884506,0.0007585851],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878675,0.00011777451,0.00015995472,0.00045280543,0.00028819707,0.00019450112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807954,0.0004363524,0.00037000625,0.0004565561,0.00051171565,0.00014582547],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007705857,0.0020400155,0.0016012059,0.0033475906,0.00102473,0.0031100889,0.0025092186,0.002587296,0.060437102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0052806274,0.00064792536,0.0016717926,0.0067919614,0.000360638,0.001729077,0.0021059578,0.0016785796,0.1148363],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003243742,0.000033658645,0.0046374374,0.0040033655,0.00012223596,0.00012167606,0.0000481942,0.00059481966,0.000720233,0.0012990073,0.97550243,0.012592585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015617635,0.000024910481,0.009002133,0.0010958271,0.00011377761,0.00022017064,0.00007078464,0.00034922792,0.0008375333,0.0021849792,0.98591495,0.000029563455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01488768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021584198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.060437102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016761658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027479932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20218223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232188682","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(14)70034-5","title":"H2O Innovation completes acquisition of Piedmont Pacific","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Management; Business; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011478063913103765,"score_gpt":0.22924991075677564,"score_spread":0.21777184684367187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232188682","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.043981876,0.0066533857,0.019031717,0.028479267,0.006731605,0.003288817,0.012835099,0.0046702386,0.8743281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06584093,0.0036311415,0.020732343,0.005908559,0.0007294034,0.00037056804,0.010343932,0.00082844787,0.8916148],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.98940724,0.00020502906,0.0001714628,0.000712651,0.007911739,0.0015919184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9760838,0.0003758468,0.000423839,0.0009929294,0.016391916,0.005731523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0073636263,0.0013231825,0.00090154685,0.0038096083,0.005568628,0.0046963613,0.0022814015,0.0020157949,0.04214469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007997291,0.000988749,0.00097108184,0.0022333453,0.0022043712,0.0019520527,0.003073372,0.004180054,0.014933022],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007095498,0.00048535774,0.0062829275,0.0003655542,0.00005968829,0.00089725317,0.00047134454,0.000531199,0.02415794,0.029552553,0.5883223,0.34816432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045119978,0.00014636855,0.0049017696,0.000053267708,0.000012495679,0.00020081927,0.0001120809,0.00029221675,0.007959055,0.0002704786,0.9859859,0.000020434627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.48452285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6153936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48452285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01685614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.11269152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96340525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233311608","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch033","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater Using Nanofiltration Technology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Effluent; Contamination; Environmental science; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Water quality; Waste management; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014338223692685568,"score_gpt":0.2179033225907046,"score_spread":0.20356509889801905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233311608","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.093496256,0.4899524,0.116829716,0.0023065202,0.002717868,0.00031930653,0.0015518062,0.0015324026,0.29129386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.122044064,0.40495116,0.10490208,0.001173525,0.000533935,0.0001961001,0.0022380294,0.00025947893,0.36370158],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992406,0.0000028965285,0.0000038771814,0.000015190696,0.000046720634,0.0000072120893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999902,0.0000025069332,0.0000014351173,6.039497e-7,0.00000411535,0.0000011169777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007376277,0.00045724312,0.0003546138,0.00062389026,0.00021114985,0.0006262649,0.00033785283,0.0004542278,0.0032754412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005760175,0.00016585019,0.00047967545,0.00063928857,0.00011782411,0.00086468697,0.00033116937,0.0006689261,0.0024940965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041508825,0.0001335701,0.00013393733,0.002780038,0.000023590195,0.0003094552,0.00019095808,0.0014257602,0.46668476,0.012843537,0.014822069,0.50061095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008710181,0.000249839,0.00091390143,0.00046279194,0.000040192397,0.0010383367,0.00007173404,0.0025357648,0.18317053,0.0044510174,0.8070216,0.000035486584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042447553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009781828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032754412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032814383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025626528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0109574795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233449136","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(10)70084-7","title":"H2O Innovation develops new membrane cleaners","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Reverse osmosis; Microfiltration; Membrane; Business; Engineering; Unit (ring theory); Waste management; Manufacturing engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012406596630281172,"score_gpt":0.246137567095964,"score_spread":0.2337309704656828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233449136","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07789107,0.037642024,0.030739827,0.09779031,0.008399919,0.00063871377,0.0006758422,0.00212228,0.7441001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30488983,0.050482985,0.04929822,0.036902174,0.0041259434,0.00021087662,0.0013901428,0.00043554365,0.5522643],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99774206,0.00013243368,0.00004408913,0.00026622514,0.0014706774,0.00034451633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982193,0.00024238654,0.00009785328,0.00011344037,0.00080979796,0.0005172945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025647762,0.0004985525,0.00024411408,0.0009130081,0.0009858636,0.0025194401,0.00079991773,0.0018831742,0.009980318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017702112,0.0002923707,0.0006276012,0.00075563206,0.0012004834,0.0033858742,0.00095755345,0.0016939774,0.0038510275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029333026,0.00077068055,0.004692826,0.0006311768,0.00003964349,0.00041128683,0.00075426936,0.0009574979,0.054440677,0.10717602,0.25134006,0.5784925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000064449254,0.00015906879,0.0013436254,0.00006596434,0.00001678286,0.00008666659,0.0002515801,0.0005724721,0.018094061,0.0034608762,0.97586024,0.000024131965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018513273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030621877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018513273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0044265892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0063248505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036810994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233760481","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(17)30171-4","title":"Synthetic membrane characterisation – a review: part II","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanotechnology; Membrane biophysics; Engineering; Feature (linguistics); Chemistry; Computer science; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Membrane protein; Philosophy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017247215845211113,"score_gpt":0.2619458166910799,"score_spread":0.2446986008458688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233760481","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005046503,0.9963702,0.0011481948,0.00024932984,0.00048396966,0.000020414755,0.00003670803,0.000014553524,0.0011719895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0020345543,0.9947708,0.0012470802,0.00031482446,0.00035555207,0.0000363979,0.00011565222,0.000012339753,0.0011127497],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989819,0.00013626557,0.00018288546,0.00019579305,0.00042250866,0.00008056662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998604,0.0006061516,0.0002509853,0.0000722482,0.0004115976,0.00005499488],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015694444,0.0016117556,0.0019963563,0.0030529492,0.00046047644,0.0014607009,0.001438627,0.0019403294,0.0028364393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019473565,0.0008161402,0.0009203321,0.0034342343,0.0011428958,0.0034369424,0.0009893676,0.0023766104,0.0031483923],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014972598,0.0002830085,0.00025214616,0.06832068,0.00015409637,0.00055654417,0.00015055288,0.0014216909,0.040792886,0.0072155944,0.03264925,0.8480538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016792623,0.00022752261,0.000645661,0.0039948355,0.00007778861,0.0018746259,0.000094859824,0.00032423486,0.020079227,0.0021165363,0.9704809,0.00006690256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010298333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090448855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030529492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001033145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011517435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009488821},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233829940","doi":"10.22215/etd/2020-13962","title":"Ozone Chemically-Enhanced Backwashes For Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Cyanobacteria-Laden Surface Water Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Ozone; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cyanobacteria; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Biofouling; Microcystis aeruginosa; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Chromatography; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009595218322539192,"score_gpt":0.2454705784005116,"score_spread":0.23587536007797238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233829940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833686,0.005042883,0.010162379,0.00012876352,0.00008624106,0.00005569363,0.00012937702,0.00009574534,0.00093033904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886572,0.0024646143,0.007558968,0.00006774008,0.000011804806,0.000023956916,0.00008042386,0.000014186479,0.0011211538],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998242,0.000022128577,0.000013236543,0.000026984064,0.00008249654,0.00003092449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999124,0.000016137288,0.000029797011,0.0000066141515,0.000024556632,0.0000105503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021942238,0.00035301363,0.0002733391,0.00023757071,0.00018804631,0.0003084839,0.00021320849,0.00036391936,0.0005201862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020452133,0.0001604774,0.00036993224,0.00014717683,0.00017419734,0.00026451235,0.00026797954,0.00037466775,0.00013036703],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001890546,0.000008922441,0.00007575921,0.00005670246,0.00000377867,0.000012224246,0.000005815281,0.000049641858,0.9983714,0.000018352519,0.000014165952,0.0013643196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037322477,0.00011476486,0.0009824442,0.0000038822263,0.000009125996,0.000022491877,0.000017315258,0.00053328037,0.99755305,0.000009734762,0.0007461635,0.000004029096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013291049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035661352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013291049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003379638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002486726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026427507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236192890","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3968823","title":"Elucidating the Inherent Fouling Tolerance of Membrane Contactors in Ammonia Recovery from Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Contactor; Wastewater; Ammonia; Membrane; Waste management; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009894694455145351,"score_gpt":0.2246992182071023,"score_spread":0.21480452375195697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236192890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998312,0.00023354174,0.0011321919,0.00002668681,0.00000588829,0.000004209584,0.000023955965,0.0000058441497,0.00025570652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980398,0.000232525,0.00085227296,0.000013317059,0.0000034881975,0.000004030397,0.000047013935,0.0000035413989,0.000804046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997924,0.00003894634,0.000011925292,0.000034002464,0.00008391176,0.0000388659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998516,0.000054128905,0.000019895902,0.000009771579,0.00005230083,0.000012244905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031357908,0.00015751885,0.00020075784,0.00013654317,0.000254925,0.0004999156,0.00023284438,0.00049871195,0.00048579165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055625295,0.00009004103,0.00020586721,0.0001776096,0.00016912202,0.00026257682,0.00018685719,0.00030707574,0.00011774347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007341191,0.000022531704,0.00077179924,0.00003376106,0.0000073926717,0.000030162946,0.000030587613,0.00016771654,0.9963923,0.000041782325,0.00001544004,0.0024131243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001210557,0.00010063368,0.0025103034,0.0000022029164,0.000007642264,0.000036724836,0.000041674983,0.0013644008,0.995672,0.000021483458,0.00023868347,0.0000030975932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016821056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025034975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016821056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025486958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020921657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033445954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236406509","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.02.010","title":"Numerical Simulation of Low Energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Masdar Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Thermodynamics; Concentration polarization; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Computational fluid dynamics; Mass flux; Chemistry; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Physics; Desalination","score_opus":0.004079748895295999,"score_gpt":0.19215911951483383,"score_spread":0.18807937061953783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236406509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9095162,0.0003317484,0.06455007,0.0003165253,0.0000769324,0.0001389852,0.000928921,0.0003412164,0.023799367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860145,0.00011927327,0.009471815,0.00003007667,0.0000058761793,0.00012503068,0.00022536945,0.000020736134,0.0039872387],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998066,0.000030391862,0.000009536811,0.00003064466,0.00007189669,0.0000510358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955016,0.00025801593,0.000046472753,0.000035488985,0.000072193725,0.000037681613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021765605,0.00039463543,0.00086092326,0.00033009105,0.0006957521,0.00083959027,0.00085598876,0.0015687749,0.002645022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000948296,0.00025880884,0.00046553288,0.0005894795,0.0007217233,0.0004727165,0.0006533076,0.0006176573,0.00023651478],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011878302,0.00007253557,0.0012613339,0.00008498095,0.000010317818,0.00019745629,0.00007691079,0.98222864,0.010144033,0.00279774,0.00022478972,0.0027824643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012696215,0.000033301527,0.00032485684,0.0000026498624,0.0000020823084,0.000015271069,0.000014572562,0.99694496,0.0021201144,0.00023520472,0.00028916355,0.0000050520457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010056488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038984704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010056488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00090236374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010400772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019995928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236771423","doi":"10.1063/5.0043646.1","title":"10.1063/5.0043646.1","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Default Digital Object Group","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Permeation; Porosity; Porous medium; Mechanics; Work (physics); Membrane; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010145564676320619,"score_gpt":0.23543644104150516,"score_spread":0.22529087636518455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236771423","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00396353,0.007401083,0.021803679,0.002900598,0.0033072743,0.00054370373,0.011372926,0.010615488,0.9380917],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.084752955,0.0092658885,0.026805298,0.0027302117,0.0011829198,0.0019064485,0.04380746,0.0048731086,0.8246756],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916995,0.00010714641,0.000033275133,0.00017997803,0.00036102062,0.00014865665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958533,0.000079144,0.00003450003,0.000108931315,0.00011627027,0.000075776356],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067636766,0.001618045,0.002634737,0.0024971375,0.0019207478,0.0047021043,0.0045445366,0.0060859644,0.79609156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011822523,0.0006728176,0.0011851601,0.0049781655,0.0015810325,0.003226969,0.0038557244,0.003933854,0.7189024],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038929624,0.00040096362,0.0014599737,0.0024283922,0.00016027802,0.0009903637,0.00025214406,0.0043468624,0.017651811,0.06924312,0.5837919,0.31888488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006981415,0.00003631096,0.00040982015,0.00025067112,0.0000219646,0.00035312047,0.00007569074,0.007993628,0.0021195302,0.010161052,0.9784571,0.000051237243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001972852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002260955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20390844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029549103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000726466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29085064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237118228","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665878","title":"Design, Construction and Evaluation of an Experimental Ceramic Membrane Facility With Investigation into Fouling Control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Biofouling; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Aqueous solution; Membrane bioreactor; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04180585537387872,"score_gpt":0.28438758744457937,"score_spread":0.24258173207070066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237118228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8584545,0.00013045152,0.13300891,0.00018021771,0.00010870068,0.0036373865,0.0012271785,0.0014622366,0.001790458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83801574,0.0001901161,0.15173909,0.000114239876,0.000025506239,0.0051920507,0.001052423,0.00011040611,0.0035604283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912196,0.0000892168,0.00005483723,0.00019947335,0.00035949264,0.0001750833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987483,0.00014343565,0.00021683039,0.00021486804,0.00035312114,0.0003234808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014776159,0.0007120377,0.0007593582,0.00060385815,0.0010857023,0.0006870993,0.0020796272,0.001434596,0.0023432728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093984674,0.00039320826,0.0007256354,0.0003618347,0.0007256724,0.0005353193,0.00072294904,0.0008953307,0.00083898933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010300562,0.00082987105,0.0031651051,0.00040754257,0.000027957698,0.00017667112,0.000083879444,0.004821923,0.9774925,0.0004236043,0.00022989928,0.011310926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026185502,0.0107416725,0.010465514,0.000024929195,0.000091580165,0.0002014809,0.00011001826,0.01387718,0.9580037,0.00017956161,0.0059802635,0.000062297346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023447324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015720287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023447324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012761349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023137552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009259045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237356156","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653464.v1","title":"Fouling Reduction Via Air Backpulsing in Dairy Wastewater Microfiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Distilled water; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.018196156732388842,"score_gpt":0.249135836658464,"score_spread":0.23093967992607517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237356156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958333,0.0010554348,0.0027065277,0.000056156656,0.00001579913,0.000008721273,0.000030285435,0.000045060613,0.00024875833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99539965,0.0007876575,0.0031670346,0.000046002642,0.000009530792,0.000010514009,0.00004534355,0.000008359651,0.00052587024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997391,0.00005259614,0.000019161846,0.000046269026,0.00009438152,0.000048431986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986076,0.0000528642,0.000035747817,0.000010616641,0.000026853735,0.000013204926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002250401,0.00031079235,0.00038679945,0.00021900958,0.00018772527,0.00036244234,0.00026049075,0.0005013797,0.00038897202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002708244,0.00014047368,0.00036373257,0.00026212283,0.00023320364,0.00027718983,0.00036005522,0.00036031668,0.00011523626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010831104,0.000018927729,0.00024053789,0.000065487984,0.0000043967907,0.000033240558,0.000023718309,0.00010190116,0.9953685,0.000013099943,0.00001242501,0.004009441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025490037,0.00014954954,0.0010682214,0.0000019385843,0.000006758366,0.000029505145,0.000010785654,0.00036056153,0.998095,0.0000065928743,0.00026612356,0.0000024762119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071325985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005781562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071325985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019044802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015035307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014182925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237364421","doi":"10.1149/ma2012-02/14/1776","title":"Membranes for Solar Water Splitting Devices","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Engineering physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02242013223028119,"score_gpt":0.2568382333418974,"score_spread":0.23441810111161623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237364421","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10477657,0.49621278,0.05992656,0.029587999,0.02192503,0.0012067879,0.01968102,0.0024478405,0.26423538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47484878,0.19750163,0.03812221,0.0021590474,0.0023913593,0.0007863059,0.012122018,0.0004294202,0.27163926],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996393,0.00005519926,0.000019615587,0.000040122173,0.00018274454,0.00006298406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999795,0.000036486374,0.000024537036,0.000035600915,0.000080292644,0.000028011807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062951946,0.0007577499,0.0006603191,0.0009155737,0.0009917505,0.0011349292,0.0010146758,0.0016941936,0.05210149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072651455,0.0003295904,0.00069347356,0.00090573303,0.00023995507,0.0021814934,0.0008953584,0.0014272614,0.022843206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009241513,0.00022202986,0.00035409315,0.0050822217,0.00011378752,0.00051516714,0.00009014701,0.0006022946,0.6939381,0.022745768,0.085770175,0.18964204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010043066,0.0005624322,0.0011682854,0.000506322,0.00010318517,0.0004573767,0.00007951207,0.0008129214,0.371131,0.0058299075,0.61921716,0.000031476542],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084671815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014263775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05210149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008168338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005350449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17429686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237740407","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(04)00194-2","title":"Estimating air diffusion contribution to pressure decay during membrane integrity tests","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Diffusion; Chemistry; Airflow; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Gaseous diffusion; Atmospheric pressure; Mechanics; Dilution; Bubble point; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010615380980086566,"score_gpt":0.27059603821879563,"score_spread":0.25998065723870906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237740407","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725302,0.0004250679,0.026111234,0.000044984834,0.000027338832,0.00003908149,0.00013073723,0.00025698225,0.00043443387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930727,0.00018958589,0.0058956007,0.000020179956,0.000010122241,0.00003258096,0.00014350655,0.000053275515,0.0005824909],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986979,0.00022414174,0.000079809,0.00022294937,0.0006246047,0.00015067522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99636143,0.002199376,0.00028968224,0.00025252826,0.00078319304,0.000113747556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012124995,0.0006800279,0.0006041739,0.0006666766,0.0005701559,0.0006993275,0.0008403603,0.0012985874,0.0007034591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00410274,0.00046144464,0.00054521766,0.00042058522,0.00033753313,0.001102857,0.0005713105,0.0013287922,0.000369867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00089666294,0.00008808945,0.005558239,0.000091081885,0.00003259633,0.0001407158,0.00019831149,0.0012390208,0.9767768,0.00007720906,0.000063421896,0.014837788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000049954497,0.00037546945,0.004245215,0.0000030766091,0.000022691998,0.00009762579,0.000035916164,0.008840243,0.9860962,0.00002474478,0.00024452986,0.0000093904555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015681157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011690063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015681157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005151066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036547935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064123273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237964981","doi":"10.1063/5.0014255.1","title":"10.1063/5.0014255.1","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Default Digital Object Group","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Viscosity; Mechanics; Contrast (vision); Filtration (mathematics); Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.011672047751329266,"score_gpt":0.23268695212742918,"score_spread":0.2210149043760999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237964981","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015628012,0.00014639997,0.00040699638,0.000107576845,0.000054346354,0.000024672783,0.9918189,0.0033903187,0.0038946352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00049894553,0.00016436688,0.00063576613,0.000058094807,0.0000072912426,0.00007556699,0.99704415,0.00022358075,0.0012921443],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989661,0.00013359077,0.000087418666,0.0002562384,0.00035826207,0.00019846734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910504,0.0001705957,0.00004527614,0.00038236828,0.00021161117,0.0000850998],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010327017,0.0028832103,0.002077574,0.003109728,0.001084216,0.0032851323,0.0038493727,0.003757173,0.23352571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031027852,0.0008072401,0.0013210437,0.007734934,0.00059784285,0.0022206805,0.0027991256,0.0022249245,0.47801203],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006143176,0.00003688007,0.0008223811,0.00094249105,0.000034021003,0.000043894008,0.00002904082,0.0011723195,0.00026993398,0.0011003589,0.9802597,0.015227407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000937386,0.000017929506,0.001431153,0.00028976714,0.0000119256665,0.00005423953,0.000053177457,0.0018145803,0.0006257419,0.003060576,0.9925171,0.000029982408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015514933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016371174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7664743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015105543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015783296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78122133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238664351","doi":"10.22215/etd/2012-07361","title":"An investigation of physical cleaning operations for fouling attenuation of hollow fiber membranes in drinking water treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02643086532334244,"score_gpt":0.2927410752005368,"score_spread":0.2663102098771944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238664351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968817,0.0010060712,0.0011052503,0.00003771253,0.000012078584,0.00003438339,0.00004357246,0.000012074414,0.0008671942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938114,0.0013074165,0.002694657,0.000029828898,0.000007510983,0.000025836998,0.00008927977,0.000007842729,0.0020262506],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997774,0.00003387727,0.000011606341,0.000027290635,0.00010134412,0.000048627207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983525,0.000050896215,0.00003450046,0.000011459443,0.00005641321,0.000011560748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024408872,0.0001947914,0.00022913326,0.00019628255,0.0002925274,0.00032225548,0.00023239238,0.000279257,0.0008576788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040701323,0.00013112953,0.00033321875,0.00018397428,0.00020366996,0.0003201133,0.00016376971,0.00020805838,0.00017964665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016776731,0.00012218341,0.00046781014,0.00011157629,0.000007813561,0.000025463884,0.000041003943,0.00013792269,0.9904818,0.000036223973,0.000044428907,0.008356042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007663425,0.0009047617,0.005497647,0.000007245897,0.000016341251,0.000041567986,0.000078186094,0.00066250586,0.99183416,0.000016067052,0.00092868967,0.000005160494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00137848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015400919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00137848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024184237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033429931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028692484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239731806","doi":"10.1139/l00-091","title":"Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Sewage treatment; Water treatment; Environmental science; Waste management; Emerging technologies; Industrial wastewater treatment; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.006752089843983754,"score_gpt":0.18348618738315547,"score_spread":0.17673409753917171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239731806","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0070612254,0.8937956,0.059211064,0.0025392957,0.001697821,0.00012806899,0.00008277071,0.00016040549,0.035323698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.08325869,0.8270277,0.05527336,0.0015383076,0.0016904619,0.00022471762,0.00021040082,0.00004138319,0.030735087],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987662,0.00019028407,0.00006009911,0.00015305949,0.00070765155,0.0001227174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998355,0.00005150811,0.000024410403,0.000013701277,0.000056654222,0.000018204984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000837502,0.000734993,0.0008868268,0.0014722736,0.0008153038,0.0014859381,0.0011352228,0.0020049708,0.003215049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000457597,0.0003686543,0.00049190165,0.0018794144,0.0016716366,0.0019789622,0.0015959699,0.002493987,0.0025343362],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013670915,0.0003009973,0.00062502053,0.007576072,0.00008628685,0.0010730891,0.00050648255,0.0071337633,0.15192232,0.18413424,0.015165038,0.63134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034142155,0.00044110772,0.0007420898,0.0009502246,0.000034220193,0.0022006442,0.00019684681,0.002311679,0.075238116,0.08839325,0.8293804,0.00007720212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012154956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013623883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003215049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001409326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009598607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01075542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240888890","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(15)30110-5","title":"H2O Innovation doubles capacity of water-reuse system in California","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Filtration (mathematics); Face (sociological concept); Business; Engineering; Environmental science; Operations management; Waste management; Sociology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03183746215545092,"score_gpt":0.24085666857431115,"score_spread":0.20901920641886024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240888890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9077576,0.0012288841,0.0026571096,0.004392147,0.00021232736,0.00019789538,0.00053998525,0.0012457934,0.08176832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9612596,0.0011100274,0.004862032,0.0006131702,0.00011466847,0.00004867873,0.00074604276,0.00007412179,0.031171648],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913186,0.000047836013,0.0000339289,0.00018864866,0.00040109595,0.00019656861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991278,0.000067403365,0.00003523511,0.00007204061,0.00036874786,0.00032874366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007794697,0.00022225587,0.00023119169,0.0006147168,0.0017818816,0.0017228518,0.0008003581,0.00074552046,0.0068865004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00075139303,0.00029641768,0.0003931031,0.00047248093,0.00065616734,0.0013976477,0.00097294844,0.0008396363,0.00058158976],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002301098,0.003152303,0.12386388,0.001003342,0.00030817135,0.002417517,0.001961119,0.016513236,0.14680317,0.039984666,0.17005257,0.49163887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012224335,0.0025761512,0.2478944,0.0002404087,0.00045796167,0.00069648377,0.002628842,0.020391246,0.092407234,0.0036652777,0.6275964,0.00022316778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.19932577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2898995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19932577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004120715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008287428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39633113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241319463","doi":"10.1007/s10098-021-02186-w","title":"Effect of organic loading rate on the biological performance of the thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating pulp and paper primary sludge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Digestate; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp (tooth); Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Paper mill; Biofuel; Environmental science; Chemistry; Wastewater; Effluent; Methane; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.008215224049854968,"score_gpt":0.2042852874281331,"score_spread":0.19607006337827812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241319463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985499,0.00027670912,0.00016774423,0.000060087128,0.000037188027,0.000010116059,0.00017395878,0.00001634847,0.0007078502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852115,0.00032299454,0.00029682985,0.000052396575,0.000018306462,0.0000092166265,0.00014064947,0.000011564982,0.0006269877],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995703,0.00010009495,0.000069550566,0.000071999355,0.00008813523,0.00009985173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982614,0.0010137851,0.00026728,0.00008805365,0.00017155585,0.00019794339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006703227,0.0005422095,0.00048505387,0.00035195594,0.00027175323,0.0011062013,0.00039749625,0.000731057,0.0021261848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020569633,0.0004847534,0.00031937132,0.00039251707,0.00046244706,0.0006694025,0.00031464727,0.0005422276,0.0004313631],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008384445,0.0005373433,0.002711757,0.00026025568,0.000059320577,0.00026948217,0.0001606508,0.0020758435,0.9790764,0.00010954754,0.0001578583,0.006197124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001082822,0.0029168993,0.0114674065,0.000033460838,0.00010450775,0.0000864043,0.00020242922,0.0020804908,0.98216045,0.000045732137,0.0007553385,0.00003849879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002458994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021475744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002458994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004414155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005162649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007112801},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241692737","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648316.v1","title":"Characterization of microbial aggregates in relation to membrane biofouling in submerged membrane bioreactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Microfiltration; Chemistry; Permeation; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0153709705483092,"score_gpt":0.23566885451903846,"score_spread":0.22029788397072927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241692737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950944,0.0004835125,0.004047563,0.000018827528,0.0000051949555,0.000030335492,0.000114929964,0.00001646072,0.00018868718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932829,0.0004998004,0.005471082,0.00002868355,0.000008404479,0.00005160007,0.00020936588,0.000011690205,0.00043647003],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996747,0.00004567904,0.000034340814,0.000075108735,0.000118474396,0.00005180123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996947,0.00006858335,0.00008983802,0.000017515416,0.00009340919,0.0000359453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034208124,0.00034622705,0.0004441809,0.0003926503,0.00025154604,0.0005156172,0.00016440854,0.0003875853,0.00017584783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004075197,0.0001311593,0.00033775638,0.0003060884,0.00015503558,0.0004295101,0.00031976952,0.00041057778,0.00011817923],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003077989,0.000011548658,0.0011520752,0.000019818523,0.0000039683187,0.000032092124,0.00003501563,0.00005962378,0.9977701,0.000005166116,0.0000027065787,0.0008771382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044298063,0.00034709094,0.030908614,0.0000099786685,0.000026718848,0.00015707598,0.00022887398,0.0019148258,0.96606666,0.000034714998,0.00029067288,0.000010375629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010490677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00086481875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010490677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016770663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015876196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020858645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242069298","doi":"10.1016/s1365-6937(19)30316-8","title":"KKR and XPV Water Partners form wastewater treatment platform","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Filtration Industry Analyst","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.025994581041562406,"score_gpt":0.2634711482347483,"score_spread":0.2374765671931859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242069298","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1288973,0.0024383324,0.06386568,0.01507966,0.0008777206,0.007291463,0.015534266,0.014676019,0.7513395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.19099835,0.0013044789,0.061905064,0.0024518976,0.00008654491,0.0010614262,0.022329139,0.0017094548,0.71815354],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9907265,0.00049222866,0.00023024576,0.0011851997,0.00530382,0.0020619375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99037033,0.00025752166,0.00031295005,0.00071736256,0.0058680177,0.0024738098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0048164995,0.0009713082,0.0005326627,0.0023201439,0.003964802,0.005421657,0.0021038875,0.0020656725,0.060854126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032159872,0.0013297803,0.000800865,0.0020396865,0.0011813747,0.0036915534,0.006204996,0.0030221285,0.021492276],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015718035,0.0017814137,0.021035679,0.00073058653,0.00010792308,0.0011972084,0.0025681488,0.0020994027,0.10633183,0.0545215,0.45432708,0.35372743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022798768,0.0004352298,0.010931074,0.00009963445,0.000038471895,0.00037453018,0.0014838639,0.004268337,0.029381726,0.0019374562,0.9507278,0.00009390798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.30003008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3585377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30003008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009082771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.049269464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5965674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242600725","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2015/18402","title":"Characterization of Proton Binding Properties of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed Using Linear Programming Analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Chemical engineering; Proton; Extracellular; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.03250024784988937,"score_gpt":0.3045597477948362,"score_spread":0.2720594999449468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242600725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9446834,0.00009028029,0.053804833,0.00009214067,0.0000054660277,0.000022285967,0.00011274269,0.000091332644,0.0010974444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861093,0.00007318209,0.012171819,0.000016564087,0.000003280704,0.000025908921,0.00008477718,0.000012912197,0.0015022107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990034,0.000021670394,0.0000044069175,0.000026013304,0.000034230023,0.000013357174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976414,0.0001469436,0.00002647454,0.0000056046997,0.00004454405,0.0000122864685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027016705,0.00027029536,0.00027074415,0.0002456204,0.00022401767,0.0004779345,0.00023241011,0.00034378684,0.00063564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035785927,0.00014872059,0.00039616183,0.00020385045,0.00019275682,0.0002883523,0.00020761012,0.0003570746,0.00010035057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009876057,0.00045736835,0.006872483,0.00028116122,0.00005386919,0.00017345778,0.000072947805,0.3126505,0.62682575,0.0007007135,0.00024232043,0.050681844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008833749,0.00025061605,0.0035556678,0.000002424134,0.000014035157,0.000018459568,0.000041166262,0.84474957,0.15098776,0.00023596743,0.00012349544,0.0000120407485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023018047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021366929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023018047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032887916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004153534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0045768023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242850738","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1976-1","title":"Physical Cleaning","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fleming College","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.03922266201096173,"score_gpt":0.261438202932973,"score_spread":0.22221554092201126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242850738","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023303395,0.020239465,0.054256815,0.0012968017,0.0026185473,0.00019939113,0.0005599502,0.0015324218,0.9169663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0069484757,0.009989629,0.008998188,0.00080169435,0.00020345829,0.0001083417,0.0006027997,0.0003018716,0.97204554],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945647,0.000026751517,0.000014225384,0.00011557906,0.00034218503,0.000044827113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999093,0.0000150602755,0.0000064949113,0.000025226846,0.000037684153,0.0000063182333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002750944,0.0015025288,0.00073663733,0.0012514449,0.0012108703,0.0018130031,0.0011636856,0.0011645323,0.07441988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040055573,0.0005940364,0.00068077684,0.0010228559,0.0008887901,0.0020995892,0.002215111,0.0021645206,0.059345305],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048959973,0.000109964705,0.00014683658,0.0011826538,0.00002089104,0.00024826513,0.00033869574,0.0007343755,0.072492115,0.07740763,0.23369074,0.61357886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021406372,0.000018023851,0.00014368752,0.00011361459,0.000005081228,0.00024285696,0.000048400852,0.00021393556,0.016650345,0.005319826,0.97723216,0.000010014186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001156045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022535524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07441988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00073375716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008647013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2489593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243150762","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653965","title":"An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Cross-flow filtration; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.027343973660125,"score_gpt":0.259557209369588,"score_spread":0.23221323570946298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243150762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99450326,0.0017514618,0.0030715768,0.00005012765,0.000011876082,0.000021776485,0.00006227193,0.000014055021,0.0005135647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99260825,0.0019323151,0.004323741,0.000048807837,0.000011426171,0.000021234293,0.00012753364,0.000009402686,0.0009171736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996258,0.00008303056,0.000022365964,0.000043929682,0.00017211963,0.000052719686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996669,0.00011115838,0.000088425804,0.000015657099,0.000096109594,0.000021838132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041845668,0.00036531338,0.0002944424,0.00026496314,0.00027632303,0.00048819373,0.00022690941,0.0008725871,0.00023273764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006470463,0.000095673386,0.00037743547,0.0003349223,0.00017803501,0.00049425423,0.00014598167,0.00031291638,0.00017206582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002691445,0.000018275463,0.0003678552,0.00007205696,0.0000053693598,0.00007579087,0.00002357922,0.00006602155,0.9975654,0.000014459273,0.000006018274,0.0017583951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002334957,0.00039520007,0.0073020468,0.000009221715,0.000016585938,0.00027665994,0.000055814373,0.0005444446,0.99052835,0.000013161023,0.00084859447,0.000007705142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006565574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005713778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008725871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024145024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002414049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022130013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243726266","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648316","title":"Characterization of microbial aggregates in relation to membrane biofouling in submerged membrane bioreactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Microfiltration; Permeation; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0153709705483092,"score_gpt":0.23566885451903846,"score_spread":0.22029788397072927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243726266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950944,0.0004835125,0.004047563,0.000018827528,0.0000051949555,0.000030335492,0.000114929964,0.00001646072,0.00018868718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932829,0.0004998004,0.005471082,0.00002868355,0.000008404479,0.00005160007,0.00020936588,0.000011690205,0.00043647003],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996747,0.00004567904,0.000034340814,0.000075108735,0.000118474396,0.00005180123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996947,0.00006858335,0.00008983802,0.000017515416,0.00009340919,0.0000359453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034208124,0.00034622705,0.0004441809,0.0003926503,0.00025154604,0.0005156172,0.00016440854,0.0003875853,0.00017584783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004075197,0.0001311593,0.00033775638,0.0003060884,0.00015503558,0.0004295101,0.00031976952,0.00041057778,0.00011817923],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003077989,0.000011548658,0.0011520752,0.000019818523,0.0000039683187,0.000032092124,0.00003501563,0.00005962378,0.9977701,0.000005166116,0.0000027065787,0.0008771382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044298063,0.00034709094,0.030908614,0.0000099786685,0.000026718848,0.00015707598,0.00022887398,0.0019148258,0.96606666,0.000034714998,0.00029067288,0.000010375629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010490677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00086481875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010490677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016770663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015876196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020858645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243877209","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(07)70012-5","title":"Acquisition strengthens GL&amp;V Water Treatment Group","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Engineering; Sewage treatment; Business; Group (periodic table); Water treatment; Waste management; Operations management; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013850187221071779,"score_gpt":0.2533507892886132,"score_spread":0.23950060206754142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243877209","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027823728,0.0009034258,0.003526738,0.040419295,0.0047277096,0.0020389697,0.0057254354,0.003084327,0.9117503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.029039755,0.00016944004,0.0010462395,0.002667206,0.0005134388,0.00015715332,0.0019930364,0.00018963685,0.9642241],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960145,0.00022836159,0.00008870079,0.00047950348,0.002399861,0.00078913115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.990104,0.00030311017,0.0003704509,0.0006388428,0.004940664,0.0036427465],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022109824,0.00072022865,0.00051072263,0.0014660353,0.003707545,0.0029280556,0.0015801957,0.0029968156,0.31956613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004685606,0.00053645275,0.00047253925,0.0005687591,0.0006936643,0.0017200633,0.0022731482,0.0027635111,0.10332834],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005303252,0.00049148395,0.0032080903,0.00013445018,0.000011113391,0.00060026447,0.0001753417,0.000101870966,0.010359324,0.006603678,0.8267453,0.15103881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008353784,0.00027017956,0.0040101204,0.000032176464,0.0000055932765,0.00035963475,0.00012919185,0.00023271573,0.0030196498,0.0003932889,0.9914511,0.000012870519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024467023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04336927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31956613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038739776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.023241179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9705563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244333275","doi":"10.1080/10408690091189293","title":"Membrane Processing of Fruit Juices and Beverages: A Review","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Electrodialysis; Membrane; Chemistry; Food science; Membrane technology; Fruit juice; Filtration (mathematics); Process engineering; Membrane emulsification; Biochemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.07933484351864203,"score_gpt":0.3799988680717842,"score_spread":0.3006640245531421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244333275","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00048363593,0.9967429,0.00054389355,0.00011665311,0.00017081611,0.000013180657,0.000029317263,0.0000239192,0.0018756518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001194203,0.99568295,0.0010149515,0.00011670144,0.00012234546,0.00001670953,0.00006496702,0.000003655512,0.0017834745],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997451,0.00002909057,0.000032373064,0.00005216918,0.00012316943,0.000018128187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978703,0.000066281005,0.000040741612,0.000008408646,0.00007471672,0.000022839875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043849807,0.00139652,0.0020107182,0.001938908,0.0003909725,0.0011107128,0.0009958654,0.0011939512,0.0047417665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044478232,0.00031134312,0.0004839307,0.0027002604,0.0002855359,0.0016940556,0.00050881883,0.0007471681,0.005179258],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006429963,0.00013145375,0.00016447133,0.018341612,0.000082975035,0.00036991583,0.00006856329,0.00044833386,0.012232395,0.00117383,0.014301126,0.952621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002141021,0.00020169283,0.0011362395,0.002488093,0.00012452652,0.0018521777,0.0000835342,0.00015596795,0.0039221826,0.000896298,0.98909235,0.000025574278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001225348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018494055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047417665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040248942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008672014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015862763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244388116","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654874.v1","title":"Investigation on membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Process engineering; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.04901404057731384,"score_gpt":0.2559816994973338,"score_spread":0.20696765892001995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244388116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892833,0.0007876955,0.00904793,0.000062660685,0.000017327895,0.000013329885,0.000044238503,0.00002028831,0.00072315853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99515224,0.0008749495,0.0031060167,0.000020415133,0.000005339016,0.000007305333,0.000039608807,0.000004290367,0.0007898482],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980193,0.00002675122,0.000009693392,0.000031623043,0.000100176585,0.000029791843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998011,0.000089882626,0.000046890393,0.000010356577,0.00004217442,0.000009640511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034999137,0.00020397197,0.00024141686,0.0002277884,0.00023580645,0.00027312964,0.00021003804,0.00046660315,0.00020093785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005296314,0.000082049184,0.00055513217,0.00027068064,0.00018366336,0.0003792936,0.00017238967,0.00038640565,0.000085749656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065792396,0.000065776025,0.0021318505,0.00016893315,0.00001855919,0.00028219708,0.00012391705,0.00755824,0.98322713,0.000583349,0.000045420587,0.0057288534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062543163,0.00047863708,0.0072573107,0.000013986264,0.000025342231,0.00020954972,0.000111540394,0.10269282,0.8881556,0.00024872806,0.00078024185,0.00002009632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027850405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018752418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027850405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034458173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022660608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005537629},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246360913","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654874","title":"Investigation on membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Process engineering; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.04901404057731384,"score_gpt":0.2559816994973338,"score_spread":0.20696765892001995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246360913","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892833,0.0007876955,0.00904793,0.000062660685,0.000017327895,0.000013329885,0.000044238503,0.00002028831,0.00072315853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99515224,0.0008749495,0.0031060167,0.000020415133,0.000005339016,0.000007305333,0.000039608807,0.000004290367,0.0007898482],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980193,0.00002675122,0.000009693392,0.000031623043,0.000100176585,0.000029791843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998011,0.000089882626,0.000046890393,0.000010356577,0.00004217442,0.000009640511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034999137,0.00020397197,0.00024141686,0.0002277884,0.00023580645,0.00027312964,0.00021003804,0.00046660315,0.00020093785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005296314,0.000082049184,0.00055513217,0.00027068064,0.00018366336,0.0003792936,0.00017238967,0.00038640565,0.000085749656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065792396,0.000065776025,0.0021318505,0.00016893315,0.00001855919,0.00028219708,0.00012391705,0.00755824,0.98322713,0.000583349,0.000045420587,0.0057288534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062543163,0.00047863708,0.0072573107,0.000013986264,0.000025342231,0.00020954972,0.000111540394,0.10269282,0.8881556,0.00024872806,0.00078024185,0.00002009632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027850405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018752418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027850405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034458173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022660608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005537629},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248066929","doi":"10.22215/etd/2013-06372","title":"Influence of support media on membrane fouling reduction of water with different organic and inorganic matter content","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Heritage; Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.010975672981818814,"score_gpt":0.2094364155561168,"score_spread":0.198460742574298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248066929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959046,0.0016318881,0.00038198443,0.00005771768,0.000057095214,0.000018737705,0.0001767337,0.000014146012,0.0017570999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943125,0.0018791048,0.0014491606,0.00005743322,0.000022534454,0.000024566003,0.00034955196,0.000015824246,0.0018892519],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997862,0.000048594902,0.000022569397,0.00003627275,0.000054551438,0.000051797524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964976,0.00015723094,0.000050675142,0.000014792662,0.000091968446,0.0000355806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024395491,0.00039189844,0.00026632522,0.00020010235,0.0002230037,0.00045947867,0.00024917407,0.00035560672,0.001464815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010233875,0.0001542714,0.0002621498,0.00020672403,0.00014442118,0.00035918594,0.0002357473,0.00036770976,0.00046081695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010225482,0.00013840784,0.00034991262,0.00021564316,0.000029779068,0.00006334108,0.00009500482,0.00020882125,0.99059033,0.000041612813,0.00013295517,0.007111612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014884838,0.00050099904,0.0011720147,0.000018946004,0.000033453376,0.000022064569,0.000046091445,0.0004265857,0.99685043,0.0000116698575,0.0008949852,0.000007801801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018296132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026138334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018296132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001966621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028604106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049002767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248960307","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653965.v1","title":"An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Critical micelle concentration; Wastewater; Materials science; Micelle; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.027343973660125,"score_gpt":0.259557209369588,"score_spread":0.23221323570946298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248960307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99450326,0.0017514618,0.0030715768,0.00005012765,0.000011876082,0.000021776485,0.00006227193,0.000014055021,0.0005135647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99260825,0.0019323151,0.004323741,0.000048807837,0.000011426171,0.000021234293,0.00012753364,0.000009402686,0.0009171736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996258,0.00008303056,0.000022365964,0.000043929682,0.00017211963,0.000052719686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996669,0.00011115838,0.000088425804,0.000015657099,0.000096109594,0.000021838132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041845668,0.00036531338,0.0002944424,0.00026496314,0.00027632303,0.00048819373,0.00022690941,0.0008725871,0.00023273764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006470463,0.000095673386,0.00037743547,0.0003349223,0.00017803501,0.00049425423,0.00014598167,0.00031291638,0.00017206582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002691445,0.000018275463,0.0003678552,0.00007205696,0.0000053693598,0.00007579087,0.00002357922,0.00006602155,0.9975654,0.000014459273,0.000006018274,0.0017583951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002334957,0.00039520007,0.0073020468,0.000009221715,0.000016585938,0.00027665994,0.000055814373,0.0005444446,0.99052835,0.000013161023,0.00084859447,0.000007705142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006565574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005713778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008725871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024145024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002414049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022130013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250662573","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30113-0","title":"Ultra-high-pressure RO system set to save water and money and reduce waste","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Waste management; High pressure; Environmental science; Set (abstract data type); Engineering; Business; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.011799326149935797,"score_gpt":0.21844215242459195,"score_spread":0.20664282627465616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250662573","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33386454,0.0043639727,0.22305246,0.007778692,0.0047909147,0.0048326273,0.012314036,0.047820415,0.3611823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.40102693,0.002065263,0.17565988,0.003765633,0.00045338742,0.00092342525,0.0076728486,0.0009686434,0.4074639],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904686,0.00004630459,0.000023224664,0.00010531497,0.0006657733,0.00011247976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934644,0.00003593014,0.00002235643,0.00007544418,0.0003761545,0.00014371576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076579564,0.00061357475,0.0006322794,0.0010256945,0.0025413686,0.0014171313,0.0011815756,0.0013607013,0.023825696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059375225,0.00036441942,0.00074908475,0.00048838777,0.00060014153,0.0012998886,0.0010860126,0.0015188247,0.0073333895],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005716267,0.00059012003,0.0034943721,0.00038702897,0.00007314578,0.00058892474,0.00020114542,0.0007783899,0.71492267,0.012582367,0.11710312,0.14870715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040755048,0.0011774265,0.01630252,0.00006187067,0.00012506147,0.0013492743,0.00017648727,0.009083171,0.45504043,0.0010769942,0.51503766,0.00016157448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03896965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06292613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03896965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016090393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00605619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07970494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250844460","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22875","title":"How do ions enhance the transfer during nanofiltration of saccharides? experimental assessment of the dehydration assumption","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Dehydration; Chemistry; Ion; Bar (unit); Paragraph; Chromatography; Computer science; Physics; Membrane; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010755632366535936,"score_gpt":0.2336578788756487,"score_spread":0.22290224650911278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250844460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856154,0.0019758698,0.007070206,0.000818497,0.00012312332,0.000083332605,0.00023373638,0.000055849523,0.0040240106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952466,0.0011718031,0.002494104,0.00013498585,0.000014400481,0.000024457388,0.00010418849,0.00001803858,0.0007914104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995059,0.00010122717,0.000032682125,0.00011764841,0.00013999516,0.00010254971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933165,0.00037072244,0.00009217219,0.000054075535,0.00012276617,0.00002850578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012125617,0.00043255085,0.00031623724,0.00012604441,0.00038197933,0.00079590967,0.00068355416,0.0006335404,0.0012522367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022051749,0.00028055153,0.00031911564,0.00016242481,0.0007395906,0.0023670944,0.00056494144,0.0009971396,0.00035570693],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005859901,0.00008640188,0.0007095242,0.0002889232,0.000019362575,0.00008279494,0.00014582914,0.0006287876,0.9916443,0.0008828761,0.00012221848,0.0048028296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017251194,0.00012265165,0.00061635376,0.000008841359,0.00001248315,0.000020224315,0.000059915237,0.0011831576,0.9969618,0.00028863753,0.00069965154,0.000009053184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014517406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015615218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014517406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006231765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045645313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064127445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253732433","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14662725","title":"In-Situ Ultrasound-Assisted Control of Polymeric Membrane Fouling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Effluent; Cross-flow filtration; Volumetric flow rate; Membrane technology; Materials science; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015013921329698997,"score_gpt":0.25083925127528933,"score_spread":0.23582532994559033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253732433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98552775,0.0012470318,0.012029019,0.00009554639,0.000041819378,0.000019667363,0.00006698791,0.00006986518,0.0009022229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99087137,0.0008918648,0.006568092,0.00004148599,0.000019154237,0.000024297444,0.00006235261,0.00002208113,0.0014993554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998437,0.000033537162,0.000011398459,0.00003286056,0.000050069637,0.000028392484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999876,0.000048354294,0.000030052854,0.0000102177355,0.00002458484,0.00001084173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025170343,0.00025676764,0.00022306666,0.00013446296,0.00014645321,0.00025330437,0.00021183264,0.0003519823,0.0005397826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002753899,0.00010964379,0.00017533048,0.00012503979,0.00023920287,0.00020501121,0.00018685614,0.00030522203,0.000091770286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015959347,0.0000059825647,0.000013570964,0.000018899167,8.717967e-7,0.0000056215463,0.000008437813,0.00003805893,0.9993724,0.000014167287,0.0000070537426,0.00049902225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012139062,0.000037248275,0.00013431002,7.0529927e-7,0.0000014494454,0.0000101995965,0.0000038142957,0.00039079925,0.99912375,0.000005875973,0.00028936414,0.0000013762575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046746037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063814415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005397826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024859412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105192776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018057227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253827638","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663802","title":"Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Ultrasonic sensor; Cross-flow filtration; Membrane; Ceramic; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.017474056699379632,"score_gpt":0.252545121148765,"score_spread":0.23507106444938536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253827638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96730405,0.006738479,0.024806954,0.00010209674,0.00006125749,0.000035079425,0.00004744513,0.000119735545,0.00078489113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873761,0.0018162224,0.009956008,0.000043439137,0.000023831823,0.00002032153,0.00003823541,0.000009785448,0.00071614416],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971956,0.000039214814,0.000017519811,0.00005146291,0.00014288288,0.000029351806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998566,0.0000307721,0.000054100277,0.00000954759,0.00003734691,0.000011612731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024836976,0.00020437104,0.0002896586,0.0002575235,0.00014044381,0.00025184505,0.00034091392,0.00035670341,0.00029320476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032394723,0.00012991854,0.000267416,0.00025322952,0.00024373103,0.00033180302,0.00027238746,0.0003371321,0.000064697626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008223188,0.000025614156,0.00021900059,0.0001442173,0.0000059296576,0.000038495575,0.000027322898,0.0002713716,0.991126,0.00005853473,0.0000382513,0.007962963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016088865,0.00057264784,0.0023489255,0.000009116348,0.000024092089,0.00012938897,0.00002330089,0.0053136037,0.9894823,0.00003841092,0.0020272941,0.0000149776315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010346544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012655997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010346544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031836933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015211235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023099184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254179055","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(21)00017-3","title":"Alfa Laval buys US company that specialises in RO process technology for beverage concentration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering; Manufacturing engineering; Business; Management; Economics","score_opus":0.016844320961047078,"score_gpt":0.2674394486622522,"score_spread":0.2505951277012051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254179055","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03901794,0.022941528,0.010888922,0.022208866,0.005171056,0.00044714665,0.0035125222,0.012405867,0.8834061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.077078976,0.006948751,0.0080862,0.0035771746,0.0009811554,0.0000607129,0.0039096377,0.0009191962,0.8984381],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804026,0.00009496465,0.00004488628,0.00031934175,0.0012679487,0.00023267196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970182,0.00025716168,0.00024608118,0.0003262201,0.0012870831,0.0008653866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012726379,0.001241856,0.00074819085,0.0023206717,0.0020802706,0.0034125748,0.0006913323,0.0026723947,0.098578244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021710454,0.00047867172,0.0013756832,0.0010468315,0.0008221548,0.00173574,0.0009020572,0.0013795091,0.054601736],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007091173,0.0009394027,0.0055137724,0.00047333693,0.000071872906,0.0012715022,0.00012011952,0.00024854284,0.05981974,0.011915237,0.44276294,0.4761545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056131346,0.00035984974,0.003120147,0.00007210873,0.000035196987,0.0010301952,0.000081973536,0.0003723566,0.01533771,0.0004600694,0.97904813,0.00002610156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010215359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01781671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.098578244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025417518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035437273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32977706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254658003","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(04)00190-5","title":"Effects of ethanol concentration on flux and gel formation in dead end ultrafiltration of PEG and dextran*1","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Dextran; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Chemistry; Polyethylene glycol; Membrane; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Osmotic pressure; PEG ratio; Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Solvent; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008065452257486222,"score_gpt":0.23785909525350882,"score_spread":0.2297936429960226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254658003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971155,0.0006498243,0.0012891176,0.00005307936,0.000027468279,0.000016531048,0.00020076732,0.000037936457,0.00060972315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959037,0.00042348122,0.0019004658,0.000059873113,0.0000132719515,0.000011952499,0.00028411858,0.000048274895,0.001354789],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964464,0.00011907104,0.00004235369,0.000060511346,0.00005656826,0.000076876284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989135,0.0006240054,0.00016302777,0.00005648189,0.00017237764,0.000070522285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000646037,0.00046932284,0.00037555888,0.00016681208,0.0002096319,0.00048585486,0.00030770374,0.00041066864,0.00076997315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010204896,0.00024158125,0.00027343215,0.00019566389,0.00035593304,0.00059939444,0.00017908978,0.00054478366,0.00017911932],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018345406,0.0000994588,0.0002984824,0.000056372373,0.000010840859,0.000057800084,0.00007867088,0.00021670248,0.9954631,0.000046416215,0.000047739333,0.0017899426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000710147,0.00014874763,0.0006330042,0.0000017865602,0.0000069198577,0.000008575669,0.000007088046,0.0004032749,0.99867404,0.000004596279,0.00010187322,0.000003059607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026541739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021119134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026541739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069729076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022099414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052775145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254708462","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663802.v1","title":"Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Ultrasonic sensor; Membrane; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Medicine; Mechanics","score_opus":0.017474056699379632,"score_gpt":0.252545121148765,"score_spread":0.23507106444938536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254708462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96730405,0.006738479,0.024806954,0.00010209674,0.00006125749,0.000035079425,0.00004744513,0.000119735545,0.00078489113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873761,0.0018162224,0.009956008,0.000043439137,0.000023831823,0.00002032153,0.00003823541,0.000009785448,0.00071614416],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971956,0.000039214814,0.000017519811,0.00005146291,0.00014288288,0.000029351806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998566,0.0000307721,0.000054100277,0.00000954759,0.00003734691,0.000011612731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024836976,0.00020437104,0.0002896586,0.0002575235,0.00014044381,0.00025184505,0.00034091392,0.00035670341,0.00029320476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032394723,0.00012991854,0.000267416,0.00025322952,0.00024373103,0.00033180302,0.00027238746,0.0003371321,0.000064697626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008223188,0.000025614156,0.00021900059,0.0001442173,0.0000059296576,0.000038495575,0.000027322898,0.0002713716,0.991126,0.00005853473,0.0000382513,0.007962963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016088865,0.00057264784,0.0023489255,0.000009116348,0.000024092089,0.00012938897,0.00002330089,0.0053136037,0.9894823,0.00003841092,0.0020272941,0.0000149776315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010346544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012655997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010346544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031836933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015211235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023099184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256255312","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648892.v1","title":"Design, construction and evaluation OFAN experimental ceramic membrane facility with investigation into fouling control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03347423675249399,"score_gpt":0.27035860844247284,"score_spread":0.23688437168997883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256255312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86687124,0.00013329348,0.12452199,0.00018773352,0.000104041,0.0036279312,0.0011975982,0.001337146,0.0020190265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8294172,0.0002026244,0.15894963,0.000119425575,0.00002600371,0.005410055,0.0011598744,0.00011267847,0.004602519],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915504,0.00008155486,0.000048798865,0.0001764021,0.00036318178,0.00017496107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888223,0.00012375892,0.00019587716,0.00020950858,0.0003213021,0.0002673055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014665695,0.00070826407,0.0006953023,0.0005757073,0.0011654855,0.0007108715,0.0019501778,0.0013109746,0.0024325044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00090405735,0.00040865157,0.00066808285,0.0003318954,0.0006895672,0.000528495,0.00072057254,0.00087753264,0.0008909272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075576943,0.00068936584,0.0029009841,0.0002828596,0.000021664166,0.00014046194,0.00007364695,0.0036201228,0.98027587,0.00039882198,0.00020626553,0.010634224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001960835,0.007143373,0.008685401,0.000017727689,0.000056125635,0.00015033783,0.000083921994,0.01038409,0.9672971,0.00013718005,0.005801322,0.000047336092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025146313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020506664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025146313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013787262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002245345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0100034475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256294493","doi":"10.31224/osf.io/rzxf3","title":"How does porosity heterogeneity affect the transport properties of multibore filtration membranes?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; RWTH Aachen University; Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover; European Regional Development Fund; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Alberta","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Permeation; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Backwashing; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.029003882822403054,"score_gpt":0.2395290385685752,"score_spread":0.21052515574617214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256294493","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9765588,0.0009332136,0.020954058,0.00021128132,0.00002091767,0.000015063588,0.00009202283,0.00007914478,0.0011355276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990802,0.00020229047,0.00060174795,0.0000084827325,0.000002897207,0.0000024211365,0.00001632802,0.000008408704,0.00007719246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978167,0.000041940282,0.000011251607,0.00005506893,0.000059337992,0.00005074649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992792,0.00043910302,0.00014098357,0.000059243048,0.0000563692,0.000025128784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039474378,0.00025861547,0.0003098746,0.00029879308,0.00021571605,0.00059985655,0.00033270323,0.0005866161,0.00034104558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019029668,0.0002248949,0.00025520223,0.00027796417,0.0005681306,0.0011690753,0.00030999607,0.00028194857,0.000097288175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037947626,0.0002021117,0.040552385,0.0003899241,0.00018302751,0.0009605012,0.00030131705,0.35062668,0.56792045,0.004777929,0.00025597186,0.03345032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003054385,0.0003077653,0.047642335,0.000049317263,0.000113966154,0.0005914957,0.0004128839,0.60267615,0.34228644,0.004320782,0.0014472131,0.00012120233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015071895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00105111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015071895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040960693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024130111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029968023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280557848","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2022.118593","title":"Performance evaluation of an industrial ceramic nanofiltration unit for wastewater treatment in oil production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Wastewater; Membrane; Industrial wastewater treatment; Ceramic membrane; Bar (unit); Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Oil field; Ceramic; Sewage treatment; Ion; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.21695676432803324,"score_gpt":0.3810469728646076,"score_spread":0.16409020853657436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280557848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742764,0.00028449748,0.0016685792,0.000047073278,0.000011770935,0.00006601646,0.0000869756,0.000067600566,0.0003397684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924493,0.000457072,0.006180631,0.00003027734,0.000009696008,0.000037487996,0.00019243972,0.000019333325,0.0006236849],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995927,0.0000459155,0.000028398274,0.00006783839,0.00020020669,0.00006502122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969053,0.00005110702,0.000043219705,0.00001843761,0.00013751815,0.000059159633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005758615,0.0006074845,0.00064082496,0.00033546172,0.0007512026,0.0004722229,0.0006552946,0.000607202,0.0006789077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093415944,0.00014836267,0.0005121656,0.00033984793,0.000270547,0.00033904894,0.00028932578,0.0004244209,0.00027470704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046300422,0.00019411599,0.0011415186,0.00016074865,0.000014370489,0.00004804877,0.000039301813,0.00066765497,0.99076426,0.000022483911,0.00005569079,0.0064287414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007721959,0.0028868217,0.014083786,0.000012885554,0.000072758434,0.0001928327,0.00008165549,0.004745587,0.97645366,0.000015921021,0.0013560063,0.000020924776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022359995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018749224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022359995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016451338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012419553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0444597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281608123","doi":"10.3390/polym14112264","title":"Water Treatment Using High Performance Antifouling Ultrafiltration Polyether Sulfone Membranes Incorporated with Activated Carbon","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Bovine serum albumin; Fouling; Chromatography; Porosity; Filtration (mathematics); Swelling; Activated carbon; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017083752487387017,"score_gpt":0.21528233041647576,"score_spread":0.19819857792908874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281608123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95118403,0.0075412625,0.038679857,0.00030738662,0.00010636217,0.000058851976,0.0001375829,0.00020869893,0.0017759196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9710415,0.0030596987,0.023555128,0.00012606321,0.000032072156,0.000028405575,0.00010974164,0.000025330379,0.002022128],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980694,0.00002245271,0.000013142092,0.0000378539,0.000086618114,0.000032961103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988484,0.000022784043,0.000035731737,0.000006336042,0.00004100338,0.000009257758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019931459,0.00042355372,0.0002556208,0.00028155692,0.00027644477,0.00034733952,0.0002523474,0.0006301194,0.0004092728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020324957,0.00012207852,0.0003060099,0.00021017587,0.00019267634,0.00078933965,0.00018832118,0.00038098235,0.0001623203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010964422,0.000007728602,0.00007462628,0.00006438939,0.0000040458203,0.000027390917,0.0000066012994,0.000077341356,0.9971066,0.00005009598,0.000021679989,0.002548478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014911432,0.000052429932,0.00041604086,0.000002932274,0.0000045300753,0.000042495027,0.000009098314,0.0005093972,0.99790275,0.000034389574,0.0010209735,0.000003440996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007147749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013439449,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007147749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003900234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024693934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028298497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281675480","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135211","title":"Effects of water matrix on the rejection of neutral pharmaceutically active compound by thin-film composite nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research; National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Chromatography; Permeation; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008185778087488653,"score_gpt":0.23362249077954955,"score_spread":0.2254367126920609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281675480","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985354,0.00046735042,0.00055069727,0.000019063777,0.000026043725,0.00000809087,0.000034247678,0.000015607493,0.00034350716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982577,0.00039249315,0.0007369796,0.00003559505,0.000011781742,0.0000073528904,0.000044241806,0.000010953592,0.0005028859],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975365,0.0000453255,0.000019539819,0.000046714365,0.00006811981,0.00006655615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999678,0.00012526017,0.00007097097,0.00001329102,0.000076105745,0.000036217603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032529503,0.00042775294,0.00029889424,0.00013406122,0.00022656958,0.00040804315,0.00020896157,0.00044233399,0.00061465736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057199784,0.00023650083,0.00036536998,0.00013538956,0.0002273579,0.00049938605,0.00015768084,0.0004380686,0.0001597932],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038606,0.000018860774,0.000082384,0.00003222791,0.0000088920015,0.00002840915,0.000017864311,0.000084168874,0.99877375,0.00001593741,0.000008782356,0.0005425964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009057429,0.0002413522,0.0006072824,0.0000018517401,0.000013426952,0.000019310928,0.000011753781,0.00048614593,0.99846387,0.0000053839626,0.0001354478,0.0000050488015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012232617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016484964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012232617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028522953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002436151,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024322867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281841416","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156414","title":"Evaluation of membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of SRT","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Photobioreactor; Membrane; Biofouling; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Biotechnology; Biofuel; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013236814167719511,"score_gpt":0.23112629211750438,"score_spread":0.21788947794978486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281841416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99765956,0.00030627905,0.0015341046,0.000040384457,0.000012744075,0.000025455685,0.000070443966,0.000032748216,0.00031823752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99414355,0.00045281017,0.003600686,0.000040310195,0.0000049519704,0.000024478883,0.00010961242,0.000020299281,0.001603254],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994412,0.00010469278,0.000050610335,0.00008359184,0.00021519745,0.00010473013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967957,0.00008608172,0.000051232368,0.000028205643,0.00012208536,0.000032912085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005967993,0.0003801784,0.00041464326,0.00014813535,0.00034408917,0.00031930464,0.00033683845,0.0008167299,0.0005561509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054653815,0.00018362483,0.0004863219,0.00023166962,0.00020729781,0.0003686048,0.00021924483,0.0004519344,0.00023638517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014311173,0.000027628066,0.00011685631,0.000019773212,0.000004674725,0.000015602833,0.000013651332,0.000051550254,0.99904114,0.000005997247,0.0000056432973,0.0005543081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024547492,0.00024421868,0.0007428854,8.281749e-7,0.000005864941,0.000011411034,0.0000112138705,0.00025188623,0.9986565,0.0000011591566,0.00006970787,0.0000018357574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005301724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056143133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005301724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042006175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004953473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010541737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283027621","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115900","title":"Modifying cellulose nanocrystal dispersibility to address the permeability/selectivity trade-off of thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Nanofiltration; Forward osmosis; Zeta potential; Nanoparticle; Contact angle; Monomer; Surface modification; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Permeation; Composite material","score_opus":0.017339497274947366,"score_gpt":0.24922172200094717,"score_spread":0.23188222472599979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283027621","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99241745,0.0005769135,0.0054836893,0.00011605432,0.000030431995,0.000015480624,0.00003771334,0.00005830538,0.0012640154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957754,0.00031963846,0.0030532475,0.000042653628,0.000006481941,0.000009619365,0.000024004361,0.000018874025,0.0007500477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989295,0.000011139912,0.0000089222285,0.000033295524,0.000030286214,0.00002338325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980277,0.00006184727,0.00006021395,0.000014450824,0.00004085096,0.000019850318],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018493333,0.0002222186,0.00016882234,0.00012297311,0.00013679612,0.0003605206,0.00020375522,0.0002804753,0.0005938694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003567655,0.0001651566,0.00013818068,0.00009958292,0.00016350647,0.00041994083,0.00014541748,0.00048142936,0.00015212438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022954262,0.000011997553,0.000033206838,0.000016501797,0.0000023529988,0.000013231448,0.00000641181,0.00010389738,0.99888664,0.00009918931,0.000017428027,0.0007861392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031427335,0.000022185746,0.00012430054,0.0000011906263,0.0000033349581,0.000010625,0.000003320129,0.0010844126,0.9985079,0.000009561028,0.00022780318,0.0000022777774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012761883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031819844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012761883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050628616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002685302,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036733747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283378057","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c07078","title":"Desalination Process Design Assisted by Osmotic Power for High Water Recovery and Low Energy Consumption","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Energy consumption; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Water-energy nexus; Environmental science; Osmotic power; Geothermal desalination; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Energy (signal processing); Mathematics","score_opus":0.005321739589068405,"score_gpt":0.1901614458595818,"score_spread":0.1848397062705134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283378057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7542207,0.0030994979,0.23391135,0.0003149745,0.00014301704,0.0002380933,0.00031059425,0.00073421944,0.0070274915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91806674,0.001457722,0.07606762,0.000057439305,0.000031243984,0.00015394646,0.00021548831,0.000058768695,0.0038910718],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998585,0.000009724644,0.000013049424,0.000041242387,0.00005936701,0.000018167922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994457,0.0000063224165,0.000017254722,0.0000053865656,0.000021071808,0.0000053400518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001480073,0.00045906057,0.00040033524,0.00026553115,0.00027044228,0.00050120294,0.00045874628,0.0005125952,0.0011656376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014628936,0.00021976681,0.00045623045,0.00034314443,0.0001712249,0.00071780605,0.00032285514,0.0005402407,0.00047886567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003586906,0.00004126862,0.00011408887,0.00012342609,0.0000056224508,0.00003323077,0.000012992065,0.0013496205,0.98964125,0.00042976876,0.00006474381,0.008148029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019031091,0.00018199651,0.0009011088,0.0000059808644,0.000024329296,0.00008658477,0.00001550339,0.020572988,0.9711575,0.00018430487,0.006838851,0.000011872065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004709714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010104356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011656376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003439765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004016227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038993955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283641349","doi":"10.12968/s0958-2118(22)70063-8","title":"Aquaporin forms partnership to distribute its FO products in North America","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"General partnership; Business; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Finance; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Membrane","score_opus":0.019280675763981722,"score_gpt":0.24521596506545548,"score_spread":0.22593528930147377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283641349","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16099775,0.007815671,0.019108199,0.06705103,0.0015949205,0.0007590604,0.0045477464,0.003184744,0.73494095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27373168,0.0033818132,0.023313843,0.007336343,0.00016944339,0.00019905745,0.0048790714,0.0006018448,0.6863869],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998949,0.00009027246,0.000016778862,0.00016375065,0.0005710115,0.00020916761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965333,0.00017764581,0.00016852337,0.00015130994,0.001681547,0.0012876058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016656773,0.0004291543,0.00023868073,0.000846506,0.0023646995,0.0023257402,0.000646796,0.0013359344,0.026964057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001214708,0.00026479544,0.00021984855,0.0012641384,0.00076529593,0.0014547484,0.001711138,0.001402123,0.005162451],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008388116,0.0012757478,0.025423832,0.0002542222,0.00009624702,0.0010399022,0.0013958693,0.0009260176,0.05754215,0.048902057,0.5833026,0.2790026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000688656,0.00018527477,0.01632134,0.00003819108,0.000018185963,0.00021899035,0.0008791621,0.001309199,0.0074647577,0.0014091708,0.97206706,0.000019713812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.147485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20809218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.147485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0045705047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019206451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29325312},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283731653","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115934","title":"Microfiltration pretreatment of polymer-flooding produced wastewater before desalination: Role of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in membrane fouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Chongqing Technology and Business University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Wastewater; Divalent; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00795475229483507,"score_gpt":0.21974385000807814,"score_spread":0.21178909771324306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283731653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970968,0.000240083,0.0018367094,0.00007134461,0.000024457844,0.000012911075,0.00009273174,0.00004406032,0.00058101036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978824,0.00011039852,0.0011435612,0.00001307412,0.0000054585676,0.000005352116,0.00008827216,0.0000098676965,0.0007415444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999025,0.000010576741,0.000008031916,0.000024556177,0.00002360223,0.000030840114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991167,0.00002927388,0.000019554242,0.000008662624,0.00001698745,0.000013772568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001261821,0.0002663679,0.00028449326,0.000117177835,0.00021024903,0.00026746676,0.00018117626,0.00039940377,0.0015635875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030918908,0.00011764583,0.00024913225,0.00014227508,0.00014617515,0.00035513652,0.00015330416,0.0003851097,0.00022341381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031619277,0.000022030667,0.00021423522,0.000025317635,0.0000044500557,0.000027937103,0.000021121059,0.00009640852,0.9974987,0.000023720339,0.000024471296,0.0017254454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045814368,0.00008614786,0.0016588317,0.0000013995344,0.00000501934,0.000022595055,0.000015897002,0.00045905143,0.9974068,0.000013590554,0.00032261378,0.0000034584482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002107688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025533752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002107688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027304425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033894213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005230665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283821915","doi":"10.1111/wej.12811","title":"Development of novel mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for oil sands wastewater treatment: A critical review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Produced water; Commercialization; Reuse; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Biofouling; Desalination; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Business; Chemistry","score_opus":0.07710256694593155,"score_gpt":0.3155717134006446,"score_spread":0.23846914645471307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283821915","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00029930528,0.998594,0.00024291102,0.00015397,0.00013185789,0.000007734936,0.000014636589,0.000005728852,0.0005498374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015068392,0.99766505,0.0002886825,0.00009954296,0.00006444112,0.000009298296,0.000022852035,0.0000014537229,0.00034189594],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970275,0.00004176356,0.000044893186,0.000056874378,0.00011309299,0.000040576222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994765,0.00022297534,0.00008517212,0.000016013855,0.0001632823,0.000036102236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010443426,0.0010603641,0.0013587698,0.0028629764,0.00037899145,0.0009776135,0.0008566472,0.0013074477,0.0027026832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000918829,0.00048161412,0.0008920102,0.0029046033,0.00041661065,0.0018737295,0.0006691339,0.0013239237,0.0011782971],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008392173,0.00017165908,0.00028878447,0.06932108,0.00026559987,0.000342072,0.00012751171,0.0011040866,0.011083498,0.0077362116,0.022979438,0.88649607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017125605,0.00030438567,0.000914937,0.005691741,0.00034550412,0.00091940974,0.00009496689,0.00034965834,0.005268231,0.0015905668,0.9844587,0.000044804114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012820483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001866529,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028629764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005661592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013135261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009041369},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285039010","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115964","title":"Janus membrane prepared via one step depositing coatings onto PVDF/PDMS membrane for simultaneous antiwetting and antifouling in DCMD","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Materials science; Janus; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.013804966083869526,"score_gpt":0.24718007182895735,"score_spread":0.23337510574508782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285039010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99302727,0.0010963975,0.00407083,0.00007275763,0.000081572856,0.000020401189,0.00012850345,0.00009385666,0.0014082924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99054796,0.00094822946,0.0061657703,0.000032661374,0.000017010587,0.000026909334,0.00013812278,0.000024258565,0.0020991764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998654,0.000008543444,0.000011591511,0.0000309543,0.000043800468,0.000039714203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999273,0.0000123558075,0.000020851849,0.000010401856,0.000018504361,0.00001060218],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015190826,0.0003229989,0.00023097027,0.0002476096,0.0003601393,0.0002496185,0.00022601227,0.00039780652,0.00088484323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017179942,0.00022224762,0.00020616579,0.00018414382,0.00017308374,0.0003431786,0.0002205193,0.00048562168,0.00030128774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000135090595,0.0000032126695,0.000031863146,0.0000256008,0.0000024201245,0.000028640055,0.0000138185405,0.000014105554,0.99926656,0.00003956706,0.000016368613,0.0005444102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014943181,0.000019644418,0.00048503026,0.0000016440275,0.0000036914887,0.00003791963,0.000010772037,0.00014875445,0.9987332,0.000008022294,0.00054710946,0.0000026348641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006202727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018068444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088484323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020794058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022387439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029600263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285098376","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120817","title":"Membrane fouling prediction and uncertainty analysis using machine learning: A wastewater treatment plant case study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Mean squared error; Random forest; Fouling; Artificial neural network; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hyperparameter; Computer science; Environmental science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.02894644718359843,"score_gpt":0.2750552278110729,"score_spread":0.24610878062747446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285098376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825963,0.00013971701,0.014433307,0.00037224678,0.000010067398,0.000051003743,0.00022135311,0.00009230142,0.0020837507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922558,0.000049522278,0.0067204363,0.000012425921,0.000004461904,0.000014743613,0.000092364106,0.000010242389,0.00083998806],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928147,0.00026940973,0.00003661532,0.00009986296,0.00019661775,0.00011598898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955598,0.0035535642,0.00020195075,0.00016266927,0.0004253897,0.00009661099],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020222843,0.0007909535,0.00068226294,0.0008982119,0.0012063507,0.0013253739,0.0010437166,0.0024910897,0.0010007885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0041521387,0.00041094766,0.0009021887,0.00090431195,0.0006513753,0.00096642046,0.0006840664,0.0008961803,0.000116711264],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055202615,0.00069034105,0.019550962,0.00011691654,0.00011190118,0.0028248215,0.00019302769,0.94609714,0.0034795771,0.0016925208,0.00088736485,0.023803512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003355358,0.00016113753,0.003932441,0.000007018505,0.000032276534,0.00019562924,0.0001978511,0.9909898,0.0031231074,0.0009886853,0.00031569123,0.000022765322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03517009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02812295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03517009,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018508935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001068857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06993073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285188939","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202200083","title":"Perspectives on Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Membranes with Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles for Water/Wastewater Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Biofouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009487159511883368,"score_gpt":0.1995429634648649,"score_spread":0.19005580395298152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285188939","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04132306,0.90173274,0.035926078,0.0031496845,0.0008429845,0.00009797488,0.00019713971,0.00017637278,0.016553907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1653252,0.7816271,0.03987527,0.0023585598,0.0009264615,0.00019372554,0.00045221826,0.000061852894,0.009179692],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976283,0.000060212584,0.000024800507,0.00004263242,0.000070139584,0.000039328457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987614,0.000046811965,0.000016927801,0.000008472505,0.00004245551,0.00000925194],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007340502,0.00086917734,0.0006048875,0.00087409694,0.00025717926,0.0007619885,0.00054057577,0.0011314756,0.0012316146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024042133,0.00028886137,0.0007511578,0.0005662275,0.00042112585,0.001335605,0.00047717293,0.0010768899,0.00063920364],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021287556,0.00029992076,0.00035437752,0.010073642,0.00015032975,0.0014514748,0.00036847848,0.002871823,0.7554876,0.029011661,0.004314012,0.1954038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000038553026,0.002154485,0.0018381706,0.0012829991,0.00025900351,0.0036517014,0.00038564316,0.0044604773,0.5124201,0.01678467,0.4566024,0.00012179036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052977656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087384094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012316146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055709895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039039186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004120171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285191416","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4158411","title":"Robust Pani-Entangled Cnts Electro-Responsive Membranes for Enhanced In-Situ Generation of H2o2 and Effective Separation of Charged Contaminants","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; In situ; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014282013640551981,"score_gpt":0.25462556786029616,"score_spread":0.24034355421974418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285191416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96620166,0.0021013855,0.025419356,0.00033011803,0.00019548058,0.000064123764,0.00031970502,0.00028842586,0.005079758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885233,0.00063943537,0.0074485256,0.000083609964,0.000027793954,0.000030818548,0.00012834476,0.000023675146,0.0030944953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986935,0.000014231233,0.000008432724,0.000038074006,0.00004061388,0.00002916895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999356,0.00001248582,0.000017847335,0.00000806295,0.000012329697,0.000013607962],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016958725,0.0004367882,0.00016780771,0.00013649513,0.000175731,0.00027748282,0.00025410892,0.00047342203,0.00094052166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016766696,0.00018778077,0.00014307052,0.00013578025,0.00016851323,0.00051431643,0.00032634646,0.0005132593,0.0003226982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012828997,0.0000057655766,0.000023838878,0.000020705986,0.0000019460463,0.000025578285,0.000009104498,0.00004618489,0.9988991,0.00013535714,0.000039454975,0.0007801428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016628329,0.000016294745,0.000190694,0.0000012575432,0.000002163176,0.00002598832,0.0000051176867,0.0007437982,0.99814487,0.000024539397,0.0008411223,0.000002501725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021381659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008732171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00094052166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025638897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014205262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00314641},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285199445","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4132448","title":"On the Filtration of Oily Wastewater Systems Using Ceramic Membranes: Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Ceramic; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013607476809596994,"score_gpt":0.21320006643466227,"score_spread":0.19959258962506526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285199445","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99093014,0.0012961847,0.0064225984,0.00008856265,0.00003674814,0.00002747051,0.00003092772,0.000028253837,0.0011390848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925755,0.0015749774,0.004573449,0.000036154845,0.0000308759,0.000010764869,0.000042721003,0.000009639017,0.0011458227],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998161,0.000024543639,0.000009376358,0.000025933832,0.00009088395,0.000033020715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999828,0.00008510657,0.000025587058,0.000014542934,0.000036199348,0.00001045574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000290475,0.00018677794,0.00024952355,0.00021264127,0.00026470333,0.00029646233,0.00035188414,0.00038464906,0.00073112495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038624695,0.00010378512,0.00033664872,0.00017281395,0.0002625961,0.000457414,0.00024348717,0.0003242791,0.00016166091],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014976728,0.000030681713,0.00017939229,0.00015779554,0.000008500282,0.00007386635,0.000044017095,0.00022897648,0.9902064,0.00015154843,0.000039100214,0.008729919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009565721,0.00034936555,0.0013741988,0.000004544543,0.000018210565,0.00012075593,0.00003096428,0.0015211515,0.9958192,0.000032111555,0.00071322045,0.0000066034986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010209603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010205582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010209603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017125072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023513626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002445817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285211523","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4157491","title":"Development of a Heterogeneous Electro-Fenton Ceramic Membrane Coated with Nanocomposite Catalyst for In-Situ Membrane Fouling Control","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Regina; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Nanocomposite; Membrane; In situ; Catalysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007385675312477249,"score_gpt":0.2203503600476733,"score_spread":0.21296468473519606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285211523","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94410306,0.0016546419,0.050820578,0.00022203024,0.00013839522,0.00011316622,0.00017090946,0.00043978763,0.002337322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974537,0.00062477664,0.021995064,0.000039569466,0.000016547157,0.000035098317,0.00012918224,0.000030278896,0.0025924873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981195,0.000011421993,0.00001372036,0.000045551144,0.000087262284,0.000030145911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987125,0.000018184362,0.000031804986,0.000014659085,0.000043442335,0.000020726196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021220885,0.00040980766,0.0003221093,0.00031174882,0.00023270282,0.00037258264,0.000537396,0.00071415765,0.00041904845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021011455,0.00029181375,0.00055703765,0.00017365123,0.0001968591,0.00036280564,0.0002772017,0.00055498537,0.00024788786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012819521,0.000012221279,0.00004315318,0.000028891716,0.000005643847,0.000027618747,0.0000057546463,0.00006740325,0.99870217,0.000043851647,0.000016253372,0.0010342451],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022754448,0.000047689366,0.00030984348,8.2814057e-7,0.0000075775497,0.00005474625,0.0000041222634,0.0010228523,0.9980629,0.000005408138,0.00047818525,0.000003572104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009810835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019801992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009810835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034335713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030285152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024912357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285245328","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4156500","title":"Omniphobic Braid-Reinforced Hollow Fiber Membranes for Dcmd of Oilfield Produced Water: Understanding the Effect of Process Conditions on Membrane Performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Ultimate tensile strength; Wetting; Polyethylene terephthalate; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.011543606854990314,"score_gpt":0.24540772715694417,"score_spread":0.23386412030195386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285245328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994259,0.00064981455,0.0042627994,0.0000745292,0.000009337128,0.000013790831,0.000100621575,0.000022020562,0.00060820987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943059,0.0005329863,0.0041063842,0.00002960627,0.000002847564,0.000008575428,0.00009942033,0.000008395789,0.0009057579],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991536,0.000005344843,0.0000039902957,0.000015350759,0.000030968895,0.000029031085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999417,0.000018100722,0.000016738373,0.000003799382,0.000011750406,0.000007925165],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020256487,0.00016211427,0.00019891969,0.00008059434,0.00017346919,0.00022786226,0.00015436823,0.000274728,0.0004768946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017146001,0.00007922178,0.00014644861,0.00007490184,0.00014464195,0.00040360255,0.00019533935,0.0003391666,0.00013895934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030401216,0.00000678735,0.00012509238,0.000026907976,0.0000013380668,0.000008892802,0.000011102092,0.00008444702,0.998418,0.000041680858,0.000011871252,0.0012335406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012783954,0.000036897407,0.0008076146,0.0000017116777,0.0000023785014,0.0000123521895,0.000016208303,0.0009821013,0.99774384,0.000014787822,0.00037795407,0.000002826227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025408755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006202409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025408755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046254293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032074962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005052209},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285286622","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4124149","title":"A One-Dimensional Reactive Transport Model of Geochemical Scaling in Reverse Osmosis Desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Environmental science; Potable water; Leverage (statistics); Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.013407157202474247,"score_gpt":0.22850833502300164,"score_spread":0.2151011778205274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285286622","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43836808,0.0039611994,0.44736663,0.008587372,0.0010869903,0.00030937695,0.0017113991,0.0010165299,0.09759245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628702,0.0011770746,0.014344491,0.00048158056,0.00016199594,0.00019986188,0.00030186793,0.00016736586,0.020295588],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965465,0.0001230498,0.000022230512,0.00007163318,0.00007305479,0.000055354776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924856,0.00039991937,0.00006890754,0.00005419034,0.00015102379,0.00007741338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080075784,0.00087844324,0.0017540691,0.0006264201,0.0011245635,0.001914409,0.0028459555,0.0033585266,0.0028181362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002451206,0.0008377391,0.0013877995,0.0007743454,0.001866225,0.0027238154,0.0011800353,0.0017220466,0.0004686025],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040600946,0.000079737954,0.00023647308,0.00006605984,0.000019959141,0.000100053396,0.000042881344,0.9456421,0.0020811069,0.05001115,0.0005763125,0.0011034823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009830112,0.000006036153,0.00004123629,0.0000019989013,0.0000036273593,0.0000052583136,0.0000048048423,0.9958825,0.000109924644,0.0037812518,0.00014640519,0.0000070920073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021988142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006966177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021988142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023444702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015768544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.043720365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285308821","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4113766","title":"Microfiltration Pretreatment of Polymer-Flooding Produced Wastewater Before Desalination: Role of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Membrane Fouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Divalent; Chromatography; Polyacrylamide; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0050658917768915705,"score_gpt":0.2097774058155609,"score_spread":0.20471151403866933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285308821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971052,0.0002715908,0.0018096111,0.00007143114,0.000025505846,0.000013576445,0.00009322375,0.000043891385,0.00056603656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997976,0.00012063618,0.0010500171,0.000014016753,0.0000056659114,0.00000550421,0.00008377457,0.000009687377,0.000734576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998994,0.000010984001,0.000008542055,0.000024952176,0.000024813286,0.000031231833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990773,0.00003160103,0.000019852989,0.000009136107,0.000017769362,0.000013866297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000136119,0.00026188203,0.0003051164,0.000120602825,0.00022220207,0.00028138224,0.00019090615,0.00043310336,0.0015375613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003278108,0.00011996064,0.00027440785,0.00014361218,0.00015243133,0.0003541204,0.00016931258,0.00041681918,0.0002423063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003252689,0.000021435075,0.00022156419,0.000029849502,0.000004871584,0.000030011117,0.000026309755,0.000094855095,0.99726546,0.000024190736,0.000026052956,0.0019302068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043032896,0.00008669989,0.0016567601,0.000001595531,0.0000059543277,0.000022836288,0.000018000674,0.00045232117,0.99739695,0.000014702766,0.00033614022,0.0000036834397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019870657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023666418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019870657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026309857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003246085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051436424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285592380","doi":"10.1088/2053-1591/ac81a3","title":"Graphene oxide incorporated polyether sulfone nanocomposite antifouling ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Research Express","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National University of Sciences and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Polymer chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Ultrafiltration (renal); Graphene; Oxide; Polyethylene glycol; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.03155499420154735,"score_gpt":0.2893586708926288,"score_spread":0.25780367669108145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285592380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99075246,0.0011481162,0.0069701946,0.00009669951,0.000036405356,0.000020131425,0.00011739628,0.0000938224,0.00076469616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98868525,0.00070290634,0.008739402,0.00005503459,0.000014928649,0.000020031492,0.00013714664,0.000016239765,0.0016289223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990666,0.000013440455,0.0000065580934,0.000017250451,0.000035601115,0.000020482135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991536,0.000016057138,0.000023330225,0.0000050777603,0.000027659496,0.000012524622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016947878,0.00040375607,0.00020380011,0.0002499755,0.00012242264,0.00022468227,0.00018011352,0.00048266313,0.00045038923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016178828,0.00010588921,0.0002693361,0.00015516247,0.00013798212,0.0005086409,0.00015388458,0.00030593638,0.00017303292],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016974367,0.000007648394,0.000027828975,0.000026661908,0.0000026983482,0.000021484067,0.000004338289,0.000047616188,0.99915504,0.000026926507,0.000010536439,0.0006520582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038949493,0.00009791243,0.00069536467,0.000002500997,0.000008336935,0.00005010263,0.0000079812235,0.0007570638,0.99755186,0.000017545375,0.0008035679,0.0000038978587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037784496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008550692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00048266313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019738874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013562007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015067458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285791918","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101044","title":"An ultrasonic-assisted rapid approach for sustainable fabrication of antibacterial and anti-biofouling membranes via metal-organic frameworks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Surface modification; Materials science; Sonication; Chemical engineering; Coating; Nanotechnology; Microfiltration; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.008237821054535462,"score_gpt":0.22449537446205248,"score_spread":0.216257553407517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285791918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.885626,0.009713274,0.0906744,0.0010303665,0.0003494242,0.0001812698,0.00041497566,0.00093420834,0.0110760685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96668285,0.0021136885,0.025816906,0.00017332897,0.000041696858,0.000075558644,0.00018166937,0.000044937042,0.004869328],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998286,0.000013969296,0.000011635287,0.000031522053,0.000067589084,0.00004665829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993193,0.0000150066235,0.000017437778,0.000009038554,0.000017669801,0.000008999222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019781096,0.00042204175,0.00018682245,0.0002611983,0.0002086693,0.00030825252,0.0005548664,0.0005498158,0.0009734427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027225196,0.00025110538,0.00025594272,0.00016517754,0.0002052925,0.00049615395,0.00044418115,0.00074452325,0.00039784733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030732113,0.000017904014,0.000048175847,0.00009735168,0.0000067074775,0.000049271857,0.00002890158,0.00015735358,0.9913886,0.00069560675,0.0002158577,0.0072634737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007957101,0.000079495054,0.00026848447,0.000004264055,0.000008004769,0.00011075249,0.000014268453,0.0014109425,0.9932573,0.000075435135,0.0047517424,0.0000113390415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000754135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015472508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009734427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038459004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034004173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032564402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289260817","doi":"10.2166/wst.2022.235","title":"Evaluation of using a porous medium approach to simulate flat-sheet membrane bioreactors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Porosity; Calibration; Porous medium; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.03847752179419503,"score_gpt":0.2848437939343308,"score_spread":0.24636627214013576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4289260817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90442306,0.00033037012,0.09235377,0.000113381204,0.00004202252,0.00013958928,0.00025696223,0.00043433212,0.0019065522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9769845,0.00017230488,0.02249245,0.000012472882,0.0000036411875,0.000047980626,0.000089499095,0.000017790982,0.00017932101],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967027,0.000087762564,0.000027828168,0.000047601778,0.00012539928,0.00004109616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905246,0.0005269031,0.00008651982,0.000091531685,0.00019629241,0.000046384892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008083686,0.00063458434,0.0004399916,0.00036614863,0.0002806128,0.0007109068,0.00092287763,0.000965656,0.00042506104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018421629,0.00017837588,0.00050587615,0.00031436034,0.00031592988,0.00059685647,0.00059469696,0.00046719267,0.00009905888],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020762574,0.00023006328,0.006728094,0.00023281513,0.000043000357,0.00027051056,0.000100351084,0.8698623,0.10186055,0.0012179926,0.00010770557,0.019139027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012482457,0.00026456744,0.0014555145,0.000011325903,0.000013830702,0.00003821865,0.00003153284,0.9685551,0.029137226,0.0001331283,0.00032741722,0.00001975391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007903761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038374148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007903761,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065172213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00074409245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01571548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291286272","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-17876-8","title":"Desalination at ambient temperature and pressure by a novel class of biporous anisotropic membrane","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Desalination; Ambient pressure; Anisotropy; Membrane; Class (philosophy); Computer science; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0077463080900224066,"score_gpt":0.2142577555822445,"score_spread":0.20651144749222208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291286272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97716117,0.00203374,0.017210256,0.0001993089,0.00004664618,0.00002989404,0.0002490259,0.00025576714,0.0028142731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860622,0.001006427,0.011571186,0.000047832,0.000020589147,0.000030989846,0.00015259192,0.000015676698,0.0010924767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998745,0.000011144106,0.000010858776,0.00002745027,0.00005062175,0.00002540341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991035,0.000009958157,0.000030673866,0.000009848469,0.000024477577,0.000014729376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011196793,0.00025522267,0.00023199013,0.00029315113,0.00016605288,0.00025915826,0.00029671908,0.00041514795,0.00035334108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015449016,0.00011758571,0.00022135582,0.00022606636,0.00013867857,0.0003746131,0.00020505243,0.00025123183,0.00020290278],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003103995,0.000012816673,0.000114311464,0.00006808055,0.000005531557,0.00005658137,0.000009009635,0.00025308653,0.9962261,0.00016552737,0.00006617702,0.0029917674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018861514,0.00015632519,0.0018202435,0.000008421832,0.000022058202,0.00045870786,0.000026206633,0.010128178,0.98066074,0.00012005431,0.0065554683,0.000024799143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074987934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074698473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00074987934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025855654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012777014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001875937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291340563","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4189407","title":"High Performance Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Fouling-Resistance by Rapid Covalent Co-Deposition of Dopamine and Diamine-Zwitterion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Zwitterion; Membrane; Fouling; Diamine; Deposition (geology); Chemical engineering; Covalent bond; Dopamine; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Geology; Engineering; Psychology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0038038658014494606,"score_gpt":0.19534964485009176,"score_spread":0.1915457790486423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291340563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854183,0.0012252205,0.010897369,0.00016075582,0.00006671833,0.000038926624,0.00019493313,0.00026769997,0.0017299964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98955834,0.00047190383,0.0071392003,0.00006862226,0.000017176602,0.00003132831,0.00017987375,0.000036467813,0.0024969452],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998091,0.000016705264,0.000016025571,0.00004425355,0.00006284667,0.000051137904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999188,0.000012634918,0.000024206156,0.000008646145,0.00001951232,0.000016088432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025457595,0.00049948075,0.00026936305,0.00016945874,0.00017820604,0.0002775902,0.00034658602,0.00055246864,0.00062197796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022380716,0.00023903826,0.00032333226,0.0001384669,0.00014250631,0.0003653489,0.00031621614,0.0005397283,0.00033427222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000121046905,0.0000033426377,0.00001381101,0.000012357886,0.0000021834255,0.000012388672,0.0000058262394,0.000016025897,0.9994747,0.000029923387,0.000016089602,0.0004012114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002786108,0.0000246906,0.00019901089,5.78104e-7,0.0000031505683,0.0000302485,0.0000021524672,0.00016311127,0.99915934,0.000005835627,0.00040718017,0.0000020661046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005403983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014859961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00062197796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045207987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002068072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032801032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291378427","doi":"10.1002/apj.2819","title":"Pervaporative desalination of high salinity water using chitosan‐based thin film composite membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Intertek (Canada)","funders":"Sustainable Development Technology Canada; Ontario Centre of Innovation","keywords":"Desalination; Chitosan; Membrane; Pervaporation; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Salt (chemistry); Salinity; Chemistry; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.011714019787866674,"score_gpt":0.2180110163879859,"score_spread":0.20629699660011921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291378427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98854107,0.0017546285,0.007994553,0.00015238363,0.000054895423,0.00003931908,0.000109614615,0.00011356462,0.001239957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904669,0.0011451028,0.0068492373,0.00006271771,0.000011313766,0.000018740297,0.00006381093,0.000013944014,0.0013682448],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998791,0.000014146368,0.000008933335,0.000025359328,0.000046196536,0.000026198726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989855,0.000024309073,0.000023769402,0.0000053225453,0.000036747457,0.000011429738],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020056365,0.00050061615,0.0002559264,0.0003582747,0.00019304817,0.00032557826,0.00029306702,0.00045630825,0.0005161018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002232871,0.00017145951,0.00046444123,0.00023368442,0.0001685068,0.0006077729,0.00021491847,0.00044000396,0.00016543573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017189424,0.000008760948,0.000042628504,0.000042171945,0.0000058299024,0.000024849462,0.000005428587,0.0001689312,0.9987496,0.000028234226,0.000020327392,0.00088611594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046514197,0.00004699941,0.00034859378,0.0000022744719,0.000009669433,0.000031938067,0.0000072336566,0.001237478,0.9979407,0.000011352389,0.00035410307,0.0000049755276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002418323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030815029,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002418323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003688626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002885162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004808545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291582963","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.2c00184","title":"Assessing Advances in Anti-fouling Membranes to Improve Process Economics and Sustainability of Water Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Azrieli Foundation; Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; BIRD Foundation","keywords":"Fouling; Desalination; Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Waste management; Membrane; Energy consumption; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006169651631154946,"score_gpt":0.2427571706239282,"score_spread":0.23658751899277325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291582963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9727712,0.0017257083,0.01897948,0.0006249806,0.000021843964,0.00014766834,0.0006356523,0.000059528757,0.00503399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99116594,0.0009493175,0.007055233,0.000041304458,0.0000057578327,0.00005289767,0.0002297757,0.0000107259575,0.0004890917],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989379,0.00036676807,0.000057179717,0.00011435851,0.00040598013,0.00011791563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982994,0.0008835542,0.00024931395,0.000092328024,0.00043281677,0.00004262254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003232205,0.0007780901,0.0005912585,0.0008987632,0.0003163006,0.0015018363,0.0008152145,0.0015457438,0.0011848588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003566035,0.0002832013,0.00094866694,0.0010935211,0.00034610232,0.0020918676,0.0005773118,0.00075730885,0.00018785812],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058042014,0.000830223,0.038442478,0.00066297693,0.0002961964,0.00014510378,0.000043495987,0.8142413,0.08422511,0.005444258,0.00043854446,0.054649897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001254448,0.0032715562,0.06385308,0.000117598735,0.00042560845,0.00009915167,0.00042807977,0.71381354,0.20141141,0.008361162,0.008003138,0.0000902503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009996336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009411437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009996336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034662983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015818252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.025149822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292035500","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157898","title":"Implications of polar organic chemical integrative sampler for high membrane sorption and suitability of polyethersulfone as a single-phase sampler","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sorbent; Sorption; Partition coefficient; Chemistry; Membrane; Nitrobenzene; Environmental chemistry; Kinetics; Chromatography; Taft equation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.01920461361421358,"score_gpt":0.2546663357226174,"score_spread":0.2354617221084038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292035500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9273931,0.0041320026,0.059024986,0.0029204236,0.0004635309,0.00016626708,0.00030792755,0.00020370109,0.0053881067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98518544,0.0009563461,0.011117121,0.0003241055,0.000074395684,0.00004390694,0.000096102354,0.000024432158,0.0021780997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989166,0.00040782712,0.00004572853,0.00019350246,0.00036775306,0.0000686684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909854,0.000535798,0.000055349425,0.00005112569,0.00022088666,0.000038239843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017936724,0.0003176078,0.0002615322,0.00022295798,0.0004631185,0.0010276219,0.0006043334,0.0010998673,0.0015580589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019951663,0.00015781456,0.00033853814,0.00021466351,0.00071333494,0.0008991041,0.00037054656,0.00059445726,0.0006152581],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010815699,0.00015141492,0.008128234,0.0002788851,0.00003415546,0.0003642978,0.000092089496,0.002121737,0.95959616,0.0018852124,0.00055490667,0.025711408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000497925,0.0007959111,0.008170246,0.000026564434,0.00007027448,0.00068478246,0.00026319793,0.013263459,0.9706625,0.0016633765,0.0043274215,0.000022584623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001420186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019318729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017936724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006054955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010362704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00948596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292426910","doi":"10.1063/5.0093313","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Refinery; Petrochemical; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03694463629103054,"score_gpt":0.266667629329096,"score_spread":0.22972299303806545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292426910","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005996871,0.9937338,0.0009543919,0.0003026599,0.001438002,0.000019550893,0.00015398896,0.000028625396,0.0027692295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018168502,0.9914602,0.0010661411,0.00048279116,0.0010815134,0.000024607356,0.0002724715,0.00001034901,0.0037851804],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998118,0.000028138924,0.00003244112,0.00004486277,0.00006277873,0.000019905778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999764,0.00007656045,0.000047826354,0.000008051701,0.000082435574,0.00002106491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031541826,0.0009827801,0.00092202204,0.0017315411,0.0002937014,0.0006572154,0.00046229147,0.00074436655,0.0065155756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039351746,0.0003123471,0.0006367338,0.0020992425,0.00014529233,0.0014704857,0.00044174385,0.0008939557,0.0038402374],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002134799,0.00015037903,0.00018825833,0.055294774,0.00021723252,0.0004587804,0.00010445787,0.00076845736,0.03623164,0.004407294,0.08178029,0.8201849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009166736,0.00017496439,0.00053433597,0.0018811342,0.000117115094,0.0005609726,0.000028609424,0.000105646075,0.0047373595,0.00088857644,0.99094,0.000022195996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054176885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009366865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0065155756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003270142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006935172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021796703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292755784","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24619","title":"Preparation and characterization of <scp>PVA‐g‐GO</scp> / <scp>PVA</scp> / <scp>PAN</scp> composite membrane for pervaporation desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Pervaporation; Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Thermogravimetric analysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Grafting; Graphene; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Permeation; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.009291973329651055,"score_gpt":0.20714896370796798,"score_spread":0.19785699037831692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292755784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829276,0.0009112492,0.013725104,0.00009150268,0.00002903528,0.00006827409,0.00042168237,0.0001196125,0.0017059091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98899335,0.00055489,0.0081846975,0.000040446583,0.000008568172,0.000067444504,0.0003615998,0.000036709807,0.0017523294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998933,0.000009302211,0.000006738451,0.00002300289,0.000050303108,0.000017261309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999001,0.00002143995,0.000020244845,0.00000912276,0.00003439343,0.00001461166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001638514,0.00033356357,0.00019373099,0.00038485005,0.0002579191,0.00022654125,0.00013346951,0.00040517517,0.0005541077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020904787,0.00012804396,0.00028229717,0.00025061602,0.00017584547,0.00026622874,0.00012596931,0.00032962026,0.00022234405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059867007,0.0000039155398,0.00003752126,0.000015711124,0.000002132599,0.000019291461,0.0000053059766,0.00005177252,0.9993445,0.000015483129,0.00000993874,0.0004884267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002729441,0.00004271103,0.0019611982,0.0000033268318,0.0000075011008,0.00006250229,0.000012824227,0.00077158725,0.99639314,0.00002403575,0.0007143195,0.000004084295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009887363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016969498,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009887363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020086815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022832504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00196594},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293555392","doi":"10.20944/preprints202208.0503.v1","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique in Minimizing Fouling during the Filtration of Oily Water Systems using Ceramic Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.07995936214161294,"score_gpt":0.2996957728610804,"score_spread":0.21973641071946748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293555392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997678,0.00024588752,0.0016986608,0.00002894522,0.000010695412,0.00001759641,0.000056290635,0.000019108229,0.0002448355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99326706,0.0005135031,0.005717914,0.000017604818,0.000008405417,0.000029988525,0.000072007235,0.000008421658,0.0003650432],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970216,0.000033039,0.00002364422,0.000056595854,0.00013414871,0.000050381437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997125,0.0000702305,0.00008442501,0.000031508207,0.000078615725,0.000022739136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035347027,0.000247153,0.00026098944,0.00022059184,0.00026566483,0.0002474654,0.00032806466,0.0005073536,0.0003577718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006078821,0.00017582688,0.00027939255,0.00033082132,0.00027431003,0.0003719137,0.0002277291,0.0004270308,0.000084949286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047031455,0.000025410918,0.00015149111,0.000059444606,0.000002828537,0.000038131027,0.000029527682,0.00011214368,0.99838984,0.00002085021,0.000012457164,0.0011107972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004186377,0.00041266828,0.0013949083,0.0000031998486,0.000006361244,0.00005739519,0.000025735684,0.00060024357,0.99724174,0.000008695121,0.00023964116,0.0000051905595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010405425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010741011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010405425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001876918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019395351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020689368},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294233564","doi":"10.3390/w14172718","title":"Water Cleaning Adsorptive Membranes for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals and Metalloids","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Incineration; Heavy metals; Metalloid; Membrane technology; Waste management; Water treatment; Process engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Metal; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016302293556692483,"score_gpt":0.23370324794542166,"score_spread":0.21740095438872917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294233564","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17691031,0.65921474,0.13240138,0.0027606788,0.0014684133,0.00027748066,0.00077256793,0.0007519678,0.025442421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.46827143,0.45195228,0.05637056,0.0012090037,0.0005509033,0.0002096584,0.0006500005,0.000091861,0.0206943],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995209,0.000062872066,0.00003709909,0.0000712478,0.00025390513,0.000054036176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998951,0.00002897692,0.000025415226,0.0000059760196,0.000036588746,0.000007956086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041403103,0.0007148444,0.00053733523,0.001060109,0.00034533354,0.00064380554,0.0004894954,0.00085268816,0.0012251963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031448805,0.0002877923,0.00071341515,0.0007433964,0.0002938249,0.0009879208,0.00058035884,0.00080706936,0.0008360871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005525784,0.000069794914,0.000383677,0.006504888,0.00012919169,0.0003826334,0.0001331745,0.0009179769,0.8650028,0.004993689,0.002602937,0.11882391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011078219,0.00024623398,0.0014001519,0.00031099503,0.00010792936,0.00077972974,0.000121701145,0.0022523627,0.84662324,0.0011489629,0.14696369,0.000033973658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004877511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009302899,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012251963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052748015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042146095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040987134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294982414","doi":"10.1039/d2ew00340f","title":"Ceramic membranes with <i>in situ</i> doped iron oxide nanoparticles for enhancement of antifouling characteristics and organic removal","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Nanoparticle; Ceramic; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Doping; Iron oxide; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Metallurgy; Engineering; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.018098703188882025,"score_gpt":0.27134492649303915,"score_spread":0.25324622330415714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294982414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918801,0.00087723264,0.004828538,0.000114453665,0.00008203438,0.0000214479,0.00010192592,0.00009340207,0.0020008858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993982,0.0004866811,0.003464086,0.00004145754,0.000011889389,0.000010660832,0.00008743212,0.000014546541,0.0019012386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998876,0.000008828019,0.000008606692,0.000024492265,0.00003330862,0.000037272097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999329,0.000012586484,0.000015758904,0.000004836435,0.000023220713,0.000010649319],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017141196,0.00029836097,0.00021305468,0.00014959928,0.00022653544,0.0002326194,0.00035134112,0.0005612858,0.0005624648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019645986,0.00016906687,0.00035530192,0.00013919034,0.00016579988,0.00031302142,0.00013106891,0.00040618164,0.00018911941],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028506833,0.0000065916684,0.000029018252,0.000030321238,0.0000025244685,0.000018755974,0.000008950179,0.000023404064,0.9992742,0.000040914256,0.000026087862,0.0005107651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027759152,0.000046011985,0.00031046913,0.0000012882455,0.0000073643682,0.00004034858,0.000009607878,0.000241878,0.9987657,0.0000065209288,0.00056505646,0.0000030015947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015901779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031853938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015901779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024769083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025704587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031618476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295015278","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136329","title":"Nanocomposite membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration: Recent advances, challenges, and prospects","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Nanomaterials; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.045299882196064095,"score_gpt":0.2852221790500626,"score_spread":0.2399222968539985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295015278","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00023220251,0.99878603,0.00022449014,0.00017909249,0.00010147447,0.0000029460389,0.00001206591,0.000006031088,0.0004555918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010074375,0.99811494,0.00028755973,0.00009057793,0.00008255162,0.000004268432,0.000019127448,0.0000012993287,0.00039231128],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999816,0.000024115974,0.000016642378,0.00003250127,0.00008204214,0.000028768069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997044,0.00012399304,0.000055047505,0.000007646376,0.00008285594,0.000025987058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008348866,0.0009693155,0.0013984531,0.001585073,0.00022082079,0.0012205557,0.0007685492,0.0011716484,0.0019833585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057727547,0.0002966017,0.00052694,0.0018267357,0.00031243943,0.0015689536,0.0007222459,0.0014538545,0.0012289486],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009391684,0.00012553592,0.00019724575,0.021670533,0.00013712338,0.00018323342,0.00003881059,0.00050857954,0.013367977,0.003658619,0.012114307,0.9479041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002920241,0.00024041058,0.0008966331,0.003718125,0.00028372332,0.00092471164,0.00007212119,0.0004535058,0.0073959646,0.002340874,0.98359376,0.000050951134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008051594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023096378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019833585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042519113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009293017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0066349506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295066310","doi":"10.3390/jmse10091229","title":"Review of Biological Processes in a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR): Effects of Wastewater Characteristics and Operational Parameters on Biodegradation Efficiency When Treating Industrial Oily Wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biodegradation; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Petrochemical; Effluent; Environmental science; Bioreactor; Waste management; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Industrial wastewater treatment; Fouling; Biochemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.01849700303003175,"score_gpt":0.2212446129343148,"score_spread":0.20274760990428306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295066310","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012241976,0.99665064,0.00059330807,0.00016404009,0.00023732979,0.0000111867375,0.00006077998,0.00001355785,0.0010449738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003010504,0.9952388,0.0007404768,0.00012980185,0.00012841434,0.000013199066,0.00007524902,0.000003581528,0.00066007394],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958855,0.00006659602,0.00009328498,0.00008198132,0.0001395559,0.000030051206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993962,0.00024240908,0.000117565854,0.000016403119,0.00019771027,0.000029636509],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055892137,0.0010385475,0.0014772676,0.002245095,0.00031130985,0.0009825259,0.0008715064,0.0008669482,0.0017782849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007905757,0.0003422871,0.001042179,0.003799291,0.00024397494,0.001422399,0.0003588083,0.0005753184,0.0009470631],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002482289,0.00024371018,0.00052543293,0.14682412,0.0005056161,0.00045401798,0.00020459024,0.0017415527,0.03420853,0.0023247348,0.023036992,0.7896825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022427703,0.00066612253,0.0034249553,0.009745733,0.0010297673,0.0017168749,0.00018859623,0.0005150305,0.017176233,0.0008443121,0.9645931,0.000076861965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001198158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001444751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002245095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046766715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011504189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005948901},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295093363","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129928","title":"Treatment of a synthetic decanted oily seawater in a pilot-scale hollow fiber membrane filtration process: Experimental investigation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Seawater; Filtration (mathematics); Hydrocarbon; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hollow fiber membrane; Wastewater; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Decantation; Oil spill; Chromatography; Petroleum; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018293277273074813,"score_gpt":0.2551837459994674,"score_spread":0.2368904687263926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295093363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99886394,0.00007776577,0.0007424422,0.00001712177,0.000005894968,0.000011336861,0.000048601963,0.000007132198,0.00022577142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839574,0.00015281608,0.0009319547,0.000010069013,0.0000031486531,0.0000077747145,0.000049214625,0.0000036530134,0.00044559382],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998591,0.000015536492,0.000011825213,0.000029062609,0.000054472235,0.000030051515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998869,0.000029279856,0.000024794952,0.000011583318,0.00003299475,0.000014473957],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018976102,0.00020322767,0.00030725964,0.00012411145,0.00039481922,0.0002428357,0.00020348033,0.00048999465,0.000622698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026859218,0.00008539771,0.0003456504,0.0001394353,0.00022922482,0.00031316528,0.00018766747,0.00028436934,0.00013354525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016430981,0.000041869378,0.00036683318,0.00006138498,0.000004738067,0.000056066492,0.0000431474,0.00014815133,0.9978563,0.000021050477,0.000013871926,0.001222308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070599526,0.00045229698,0.0015962586,0.000002797248,0.000011738316,0.00004779133,0.0000642124,0.0005285742,0.9969723,0.000013367776,0.00029889614,0.000004687306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015404365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018066207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015404365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017630012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029475417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030629039},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295781331","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2031232/v1","title":"Experimental study of flux decline mechanisms in skim milk ultrafiltration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Skimmed milk; Micelle; Chromatography; Dextran; Caking; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Food science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.07107930742931785,"score_gpt":0.401350741015261,"score_spread":0.3302714335859432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295781331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957848,0.0005116276,0.0028123488,0.000047674082,0.000017834103,0.00002223229,0.0002417472,0.00006498872,0.0004967845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963721,0.00039292476,0.002143688,0.000050338946,0.000010121624,0.000036368743,0.0002194098,0.000030152125,0.00074502535],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946636,0.0000813002,0.000026374408,0.00010269745,0.00020637222,0.00011691642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993716,0.00023880026,0.000117240954,0.00004797973,0.00018787314,0.00003656174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006077819,0.00037986445,0.0005166565,0.00027000895,0.00041558428,0.00038218877,0.00033263818,0.00060621666,0.0007474415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096565194,0.000110594294,0.0003207172,0.00033578233,0.00031536986,0.0004793943,0.00028840895,0.000692955,0.00020558751],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020013987,0.00004528377,0.00089258706,0.000085921536,0.0000066933276,0.000049333623,0.00010289288,0.0001807251,0.99651164,0.000043874756,0.000049796712,0.0018311852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000412153,0.00028649732,0.0034334087,0.000006844437,0.000007604092,0.000031067673,0.00004851288,0.0015124859,0.99423015,0.000021351196,0.00041188154,0.0000060717052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001338031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008459295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001338031,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049792416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019678852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036126971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296137191","doi":"10.3390/membranes12090868","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique in Minimizing Fouling during the Filtration of Oily Water Systems Using Ceramic Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Ceramic membrane; Composite material","score_opus":0.02043511941323902,"score_gpt":0.22928953664706245,"score_spread":0.20885441723382342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296137191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977544,0.00023214835,0.0016540854,0.000027637254,0.0000099397375,0.000017379289,0.000053458927,0.000017818478,0.0002331681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993212,0.0005008907,0.005805637,0.000017230814,0.000008135032,0.000029094548,0.00007111038,0.000008157741,0.00034759057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997116,0.00003229147,0.000023124137,0.000054889795,0.0001299858,0.000048111677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997129,0.000071761446,0.00008461495,0.000030957664,0.00007700804,0.00002271552],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034800541,0.0002482597,0.00025812155,0.00021837071,0.00025843355,0.00024466982,0.0003254833,0.00050035544,0.0003361864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006093163,0.00017246185,0.00027202725,0.00032781018,0.0002762943,0.00036501052,0.00022316705,0.00042302898,0.00008166217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044771114,0.000024370062,0.00014611152,0.00005549619,0.0000027073097,0.000035828947,0.000027499553,0.000107530876,0.998464,0.000019612302,0.000011173015,0.0010610326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004156074,0.00040639107,0.001382705,0.0000030280376,0.0000061727324,0.00005627355,0.000024031879,0.0005786377,0.99730104,0.000008306621,0.00022414673,0.000005060467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010460359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010831924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010460359,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018965756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019798946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020799637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296449511","doi":"10.3390/jmse10091313","title":"Review of Hollow Fiber (HF) Membrane Filtration Technology for the Treatment of Oily Wastewater: Applications and Challenges","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane permeability; Environmental science; Membrane; Waste management; Membrane technology; Aeration; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0180808385296028,"score_gpt":0.2354381405076026,"score_spread":0.2173573019779998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296449511","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00060957466,0.9967338,0.0007094074,0.00026890077,0.00026152813,0.000013442833,0.000083619874,0.000017668113,0.0013021216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013477571,0.99704045,0.0006415646,0.00019142688,0.000117755764,0.000013000526,0.000082403785,0.0000034665109,0.0005622018],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996325,0.000057110003,0.00007456019,0.000071124254,0.0001354591,0.000029174973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995147,0.00020088031,0.000100710015,0.000016382626,0.000134723,0.000032645094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005946182,0.0011738077,0.0016401323,0.003103939,0.00043025802,0.001102606,0.0009555025,0.0010524116,0.0032594458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007889794,0.0005134245,0.0013012901,0.003895809,0.00029709528,0.0018144569,0.0005608909,0.0009227497,0.0013618752],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012774619,0.00016880888,0.00040969448,0.14400874,0.00040033346,0.0005153248,0.00021668547,0.0015229887,0.02326691,0.0047202986,0.034996267,0.7896462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010461786,0.00026788516,0.0014611465,0.006358979,0.0004158804,0.0009703615,0.00010226219,0.0003052732,0.0043720333,0.0011793273,0.9845121,0.000044372762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015246484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019188564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032594458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045468632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016010901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0109039545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296969675","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103171","title":"Experimental and statistical study of an in-situ ultrasound (US)-assisted ultrafiltration process: Application to fouling control in skimmed milk filtration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Tokyo Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Response surface methodology; Skimmed milk; Chromatography; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Membrane; Chemistry; Permeation; Mass transfer; Microbubbles; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Ultrasound; Mathematics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0072315313941092715,"score_gpt":0.2511280076349993,"score_spread":0.24389647624089006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296969675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752075,0.000087734894,0.023728669,0.000021190213,0.000014836443,0.000033339365,0.00032113979,0.00007914659,0.00050644693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99434644,0.000040119394,0.0051687057,0.0000054771403,0.0000058873775,0.000025158302,0.00016984729,0.000012389735,0.00022588189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993124,0.00017073381,0.0000628905,0.00014471664,0.00026203724,0.00004712891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99644274,0.001978763,0.0004204161,0.00033828325,0.00075124495,0.00006867894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011185021,0.00026971154,0.00022151436,0.00044902577,0.0005066758,0.00020500887,0.0003622575,0.00026907455,0.00089784525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027856552,0.00010326132,0.00032570367,0.00046197124,0.00034391537,0.0001962122,0.00018596706,0.00024352639,0.00007940178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001453374,0.0009997108,0.03433036,0.00027894563,0.00011156086,0.00015494658,0.0002606984,0.013309611,0.90917623,0.00079768914,0.00023973914,0.03888713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003062583,0.0018709935,0.11006279,0.000006086072,0.00017293029,0.00024489182,0.00021343492,0.071145885,0.81421286,0.00039200706,0.0015976005,0.00004981931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021271869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020360646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021271869,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030326846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003499972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059152246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297023467","doi":"10.1002/9781119820086.ch17","title":"Reverse Osmosis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemistry; Osmosis; Forward osmosis; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01096279732038714,"score_gpt":0.22415924727190312,"score_spread":0.213196449951516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297023467","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02141406,0.07166436,0.22160172,0.0046721706,0.006165263,0.0009242379,0.006049442,0.009077002,0.6584317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.15310822,0.09375193,0.1848792,0.004392023,0.0010283489,0.00084127166,0.0073299,0.0011822563,0.5534868],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990595,0.000054353353,0.000044470773,0.00015481364,0.0006111884,0.00007571778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998313,0.000016980366,0.000021437496,0.000026329319,0.0000877999,0.000016103817],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039898348,0.0007349478,0.00068373233,0.0009516983,0.0007584394,0.0017535982,0.0010244903,0.0009253761,0.018085506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041493587,0.00031595517,0.0005268817,0.0009935725,0.00055291905,0.0017960937,0.0013976956,0.0012494832,0.017819297],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012155462,0.00017891517,0.00059643056,0.0021125062,0.000058811485,0.00055209413,0.00015738663,0.0012067017,0.24164101,0.08672132,0.15158924,0.515064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001019631,0.000059199552,0.0002015669,0.00006816245,0.00000969188,0.00048585804,0.000019571527,0.00085629994,0.0782772,0.0022482844,0.9177442,0.000019736995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083871395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012345813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9819145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074446265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008458989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.060502052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297372047","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122249","title":"Optimal intermittent ultrasound-assisted ultrafiltration for membrane fouling remediation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Environmental remediation; Ultrasound; Chemistry; Chromatography; Medicine; Contamination; Biology","score_opus":0.018250382400219915,"score_gpt":0.2732288119099992,"score_spread":0.2549784295097793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297372047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97212505,0.0031676032,0.023357322,0.00013068476,0.000053272113,0.000021601178,0.00006616304,0.00008401325,0.0009942243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921672,0.00082978583,0.0063852104,0.000020036006,0.000018011344,0.000015616115,0.0000342972,0.000010351985,0.00051947177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983406,0.000028596589,0.000010995964,0.000034958703,0.000060171347,0.00003123289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998758,0.000046456735,0.00002919616,0.000008181314,0.000026906666,0.000013371618],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028371182,0.000230018,0.00027082209,0.0002263163,0.00019289159,0.00041860808,0.00029906412,0.00033231743,0.0005064964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000494393,0.00013108578,0.00021162209,0.00022201847,0.00028530922,0.00037858824,0.00026430687,0.00045148513,0.00012536261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026443673,0.000075116404,0.00022808962,0.00012807877,0.000008701676,0.00002535163,0.00003587571,0.0017231334,0.9835307,0.00021842356,0.000113452676,0.013648681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028332233,0.00052884076,0.0019492443,0.000009601152,0.000027863869,0.0000411255,0.000031973577,0.019258047,0.976599,0.000159047,0.0013491968,0.000017839782],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014088583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038321323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014088583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053800916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041141667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039035082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297491530","doi":"10.1002/app.53175","title":"Characterization of polyamide thin film composite membranes incorporated silver nanoparticles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Silver nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Polyamide; Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Ethylene glycol; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Bovine serum albumin; Filtration (mathematics); Nanoparticle; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.00932360484131567,"score_gpt":0.21560227691059292,"score_spread":0.20627867206927725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297491530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98811775,0.0016364389,0.009013612,0.00005146394,0.000040388924,0.000029559766,0.00011451852,0.00009166559,0.0009044887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990114,0.00090214313,0.0069760606,0.000053574044,0.000013953583,0.00005037214,0.00019210576,0.00002981003,0.0016680293],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985707,0.000018261664,0.000011065713,0.000031482574,0.00005567706,0.000026363567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998431,0.000029988421,0.000046851146,0.00001020148,0.000054836582,0.000014941645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022163775,0.00038528984,0.00021292733,0.0002832888,0.00013696228,0.0002620581,0.00017728137,0.00046713854,0.00047340489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002977682,0.00015198534,0.0003100209,0.00016260488,0.0001278813,0.00031066558,0.000109051216,0.00027460806,0.00023818445],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000130438175,0.000003119022,0.00003373662,0.000014278283,0.0000019767035,0.000017062306,0.000004249944,0.000018653784,0.9995881,0.000006619495,0.000003326175,0.0002958765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003009249,0.00007616545,0.0014330404,0.0000038348808,0.000009063085,0.0000767413,0.000011652502,0.00042048117,0.997505,0.000010193574,0.0004471167,0.000003871414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042724132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033531495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047340489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001816109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009981479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015836954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297849750","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.2c01197","title":"Hybrid Star-Shaped Block Copolymers for Fabricating Fouling-Resistant Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Polystyrene; Polyethylene glycol; Copolymer; Contact angle; Filtration (mathematics); PEG ratio; Permeation; Emulsion; Polysulfone; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.014321550914848822,"score_gpt":0.23546841624312106,"score_spread":0.22114686532827224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297849750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9491938,0.0034244976,0.04487825,0.00012522929,0.000044304987,0.00011290501,0.00020873747,0.0002545385,0.0017578724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9626617,0.0019493628,0.033430208,0.000054081844,0.000015451205,0.0000679588,0.00019405002,0.000033689048,0.0015934249],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988556,0.00002288375,0.000010332857,0.000023671731,0.000035054585,0.000022427017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999225,0.000010853272,0.000026681548,0.0000065380395,0.000015904572,0.000017492246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022677486,0.00047133313,0.00019150633,0.0002441581,0.00010810408,0.0002014714,0.0001385172,0.00033483293,0.0003709002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015929817,0.0001583435,0.00024175015,0.00019709948,0.000117614196,0.0003704175,0.00023911007,0.00036884134,0.00027979614],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016347949,0.000006586669,0.00003379978,0.000027881164,0.0000028947825,0.000021467122,0.0000060068237,0.00015465778,0.9982022,0.000077701065,0.000013881168,0.0014367154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051365237,0.000086858825,0.00027225088,0.0000024866902,0.0000055476594,0.000059567526,0.000004025656,0.0016289518,0.99690765,0.000025109368,0.0009985088,0.000003878612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027687498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006784138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047133313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021631645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017606861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015695095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299287611","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104282","title":"Modeling of the movement of two immiscible liquids in membrane pores","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Movement (music); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.016201988177435726,"score_gpt":0.28215446812250755,"score_spread":0.2659524799450718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299287611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79480636,0.00084045593,0.14118694,0.0015929048,0.0001775423,0.00018543104,0.00095734745,0.00038641784,0.059866626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810884,0.00028735804,0.008276697,0.00008532935,0.000016735195,0.00011599093,0.0001740795,0.000048094946,0.009907261],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998541,0.000027227892,0.0000061303986,0.000028030485,0.000032872027,0.00005161671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996315,0.00021029211,0.00004333511,0.00002120639,0.00004366208,0.000049915852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030518448,0.00052881095,0.0007771482,0.00045336416,0.00091676344,0.0013619815,0.0011904008,0.0035114882,0.0035582443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009207228,0.0004949596,0.0009305483,0.0005076,0.0008976322,0.0011076459,0.00062945555,0.00077567407,0.00036184577],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038599253,0.00003861873,0.00037071152,0.000026045678,0.000007636871,0.000079477155,0.000025813946,0.99131155,0.0019779534,0.0052981963,0.00010882037,0.0007166863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008965823,0.000008986008,0.00007743081,0.0000023676275,0.0000022845552,0.000006147645,0.000009169255,0.9991466,0.00034600447,0.00025316872,0.00013537788,0.000003467634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02974797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008435423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02974797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014541944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001957722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.059149623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4303699931","doi":"10.3390/en15197325","title":"Challenges Facing Pressure Retarded Osmosis Commercialization: A Short Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Commercialization; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Forward osmosis; Pressure drop; Osmotic power; Concentration polarization; Environmental science; Salinity; Scale (ratio); Power density; Power (physics); Process engineering; Engineering physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Mechanics; Chemistry; Business; Physics; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.1442886878604341,"score_gpt":0.34472251179712887,"score_spread":0.20043382393669476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4303699931","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00032855783,0.9975998,0.00024287269,0.00032835486,0.00022739358,0.000008263015,0.000036572426,0.000008661225,0.0012195419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007630861,0.99833965,0.0002352776,0.00013325638,0.00009996733,0.0000068437203,0.00003743966,0.0000016181436,0.00038285702],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967706,0.000048991293,0.0000644274,0.000055739394,0.00012242493,0.000031397576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909496,0.0004653954,0.00014760271,0.000018113564,0.00023213439,0.00004185895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008171705,0.000902303,0.0011235296,0.002490501,0.0003486445,0.0014326641,0.00075475476,0.0012690532,0.0042441194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001293094,0.00042675002,0.0008457691,0.0029659986,0.00031466887,0.002052874,0.00070028426,0.0012184033,0.0014560485],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008167918,0.00009956555,0.00027417752,0.09935871,0.00019871953,0.0003282442,0.00013738067,0.0010709299,0.005390741,0.007467224,0.027462129,0.85813046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008253962,0.00016267483,0.0006726048,0.009519489,0.00028682902,0.0005781535,0.00012563143,0.00020847801,0.0015028092,0.0018380688,0.9850662,0.000030827967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014634493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025737737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042441194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005375471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002036583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014198005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304471535","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136771","title":"CeO2 modified carbon nanotube electrified membrane for the removal of antibiotics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Davies Charitable Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Chlorine; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Nanotube; Water treatment; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Waste management; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.016019240142027415,"score_gpt":0.23043398964683445,"score_spread":0.21441474950480705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304471535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98195916,0.0055356827,0.008942757,0.00036786133,0.00019283444,0.000035737732,0.00013789276,0.00011477034,0.0027133257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829159,0.002690858,0.0063156663,0.00016607255,0.000030710784,0.000022246659,0.00013082409,0.00001637646,0.0077113938],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998227,0.000020659812,0.000011740607,0.000032765303,0.00007160813,0.00004048785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992394,0.000014249353,0.000011868065,0.0000058501487,0.000031899097,0.0000121347675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018482756,0.0003128615,0.0003235426,0.00021872745,0.00026501899,0.00034277004,0.0003293721,0.0008519949,0.0007105925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021970877,0.0001523507,0.00034198049,0.00019227334,0.00012155927,0.0004203185,0.00024915603,0.00046974514,0.00030777886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006250125,0.000034617802,0.00007446611,0.000092341,0.000009080407,0.00007542672,0.00001096964,0.00013455744,0.9967596,0.00009549336,0.00010998138,0.0025409912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007482052,0.00010826845,0.00040694288,0.0000043197206,0.000010606166,0.000069354406,0.000014672971,0.0015636757,0.99628747,0.000017520948,0.0015032598,0.0000065312533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011666346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002015421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011666346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027553723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035509517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002377212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304763847","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103197","title":"Development of a crossflow nanofiltration process for polishing of wastewater by-product from biogas production processes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cytodiagnostics (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polishing; Process development; Biogas; Wastewater; Process engineering; Process (computing); Production (economics); Biogas production; Product (mathematics); Environmental science; Waste management; Manufacturing engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Membrane; Mechanical engineering; Anaerobic digestion; Methane; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014574768825488346,"score_gpt":0.23474947869714125,"score_spread":0.22017470987165288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304763847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9715641,0.00074015214,0.025989555,0.000110355824,0.000067665154,0.00010962116,0.0001296393,0.00019310655,0.0010958447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95831406,0.0008023856,0.038077857,0.00005186644,0.000012112841,0.00005621765,0.0003329326,0.000031978987,0.0023205455],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985576,0.000010998027,0.0000130122935,0.000035956957,0.00006400082,0.000020273295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999391,0.00000678774,0.000013781855,0.000005813696,0.000019825895,0.00001474907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031602025,0.0004770988,0.00039854934,0.00025827173,0.0002742287,0.0004932934,0.00037704472,0.0005975634,0.00045943598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017720446,0.00021758508,0.00064486766,0.00016077101,0.00016586363,0.0005558761,0.00039495438,0.00057886116,0.00020653766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004190699,0.00006866761,0.00012845767,0.000042000735,0.000008239629,0.00003764627,0.000012027011,0.00024385955,0.9949149,0.000079050405,0.000019607853,0.004403701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020547337,0.00029351152,0.0013365684,0.0000052582245,0.000026753964,0.00009367833,0.000009651988,0.0038210358,0.993048,0.000028075587,0.0013092371,0.0000075705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010335058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015426221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010335058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003523501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00065008126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025565028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304789011","doi":"10.3390/w14193094","title":"Chlorine vs. Sodium Chloride Regeneration of Zeolite Column for Ammonium Removal from an Explosives Impacted Mining Wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chlorine; Ammonium; Chemistry; Wastewater; Effluent; Ammonium chloride; Ammonia; Ion exchange; Chloride; Sodium; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02011803513439322,"score_gpt":0.24425136473087383,"score_spread":0.2241333295964806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304789011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99772304,0.00042207362,0.0012576887,0.00003007498,0.000011376019,0.000028081313,0.00009944133,0.000036324534,0.0003919305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99490166,0.0004044265,0.00278653,0.000055225883,0.000005073322,0.000025494322,0.00020492113,0.000014152076,0.001602474],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977607,0.000035663066,0.00003056673,0.00004183032,0.00007211741,0.00004382171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987876,0.000025955647,0.00002122916,0.0000060871125,0.000049534454,0.000018414581],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024726446,0.00035130343,0.00046627413,0.00028845103,0.0002534015,0.0004176489,0.00038156228,0.0004939481,0.00048521988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026479823,0.00016268103,0.0005231126,0.00018673003,0.00012728895,0.00026666492,0.0002847364,0.00030673045,0.00025744125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001408763,0.000034826127,0.00036245922,0.000060872902,0.000006028728,0.000023059378,0.000014510823,0.00009328234,0.9977289,0.000005475939,0.0000105386325,0.0015192161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013836515,0.00042975883,0.00258337,0.0000055728115,0.000016659013,0.000043864584,0.000036214853,0.0012987765,0.99519616,0.0000060765265,0.0003613268,0.000008436888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0046767676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007200258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046767676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036796383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004011979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009299099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304978487","doi":"10.12968/s0958-2118(22)70081-x","title":"De.mem forms partnership to commercialise GO membrane technology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"General partnership; Management; Membrane; Engineering; Graphene; Oxide; Business; Materials science; Chemistry; Economics; Metallurgy; Chemical engineering; Finance","score_opus":0.018826805848463926,"score_gpt":0.26866386241282536,"score_spread":0.24983705656436145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304978487","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0127652185,0.0068876063,0.0113718035,0.021164285,0.003143788,0.00046960614,0.01036019,0.0039532995,0.9298842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.032787725,0.0020541758,0.009015862,0.0024949575,0.00013850018,0.00012010187,0.0053793234,0.0006928544,0.9473166],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964709,0.00023224208,0.00006996566,0.00034662214,0.0024261626,0.00045416335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957331,0.00035134316,0.00014964337,0.0003197175,0.002429004,0.0010172072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036847426,0.0009876437,0.0006690966,0.001855838,0.0026391188,0.0032964444,0.0013257609,0.0032258388,0.17880134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003478525,0.000556359,0.00050913636,0.0012563098,0.0008109764,0.0021584115,0.002083383,0.0017156564,0.064303674],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00068550487,0.00031469463,0.0016317253,0.0006726757,0.00003501465,0.0007660112,0.00052097545,0.00032243106,0.041592184,0.061153974,0.6990151,0.19328974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021745936,0.0000420922,0.0003545082,0.00003564162,0.000004532793,0.00016418443,0.00009056686,0.00023722691,0.005405514,0.000695262,0.99294055,0.00000818993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03934345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08941379,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17880134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0044637625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009102452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5981501},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306155055","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2022.09.021","title":"Microporous membranes for ultrafast and energy-efficient removal of antibiotics through polyphenol-mediated nanointerfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Matter","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Sichuan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Permeance; Microporous material; Adsorption; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Antibiotics; Process engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009333286640950605,"score_gpt":0.21654887148927168,"score_spread":0.2072155848483211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306155055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9597193,0.0053522326,0.029826311,0.000384651,0.00013026586,0.00005056872,0.00022202992,0.0003885936,0.0039260527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98476946,0.0019727738,0.00836735,0.00008381094,0.00003028997,0.000032550393,0.00012200702,0.00003209872,0.0045897574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998841,0.000009347924,0.000007077156,0.000019960142,0.000042112162,0.000037491216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999946,0.00001719271,0.000011805157,0.0000042542847,0.000013086248,0.000007654791],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020134886,0.00027661378,0.00019377477,0.00025594103,0.00023451989,0.00023799104,0.00030565533,0.00040742938,0.0010799875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014715423,0.00014856922,0.0002864051,0.00010595224,0.00016688972,0.0004388922,0.00029510874,0.0004611041,0.0004298341],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028488841,0.00001752106,0.000037355883,0.0000592679,0.0000052479636,0.000024255394,0.00001595291,0.000073714524,0.9966265,0.00030554694,0.00010829879,0.0026978597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002962136,0.000035251378,0.00023953957,0.0000024370954,0.0000050598014,0.000028637667,0.0000080143745,0.0007304454,0.99765307,0.00004004013,0.0012512273,0.0000033247989],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009013394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002146218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010799875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044250546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026605724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003612876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307002357","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103216","title":"Membrane fouling remediation and modeling in phosphorous removal using electromagnetic field (EMF)-assisted nanofiltration (NF): In situ synchrotron imaging, experimental and statistical studies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Environmental remediation; Fouling; Membrane; In situ; Synchrotron; Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Contamination; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.017349688167446753,"score_gpt":0.2652294218559286,"score_spread":0.24787973368848187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307002357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98677814,0.00006038637,0.012750726,0.000026192436,0.000002609623,0.0000059303698,0.000048372855,0.000028657973,0.00029898598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965874,0.000050998842,0.0029726687,0.0000035970647,0.0000012247141,0.000006724004,0.000031627387,0.0000043018686,0.0003415908],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999336,0.000018707484,0.0000050996427,0.00001421907,0.000018711464,0.000009576505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978,0.00012074906,0.000029873185,0.00001307245,0.000050830437,0.000005505059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036862408,0.0002154129,0.00018834813,0.00013677956,0.00021928122,0.00022072124,0.00023958336,0.0003390562,0.00025264375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005933797,0.000093179864,0.00032489427,0.0001597021,0.000110685876,0.00029583974,0.0000952293,0.00016553578,0.000048706916],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005662504,0.0003638589,0.018570187,0.0002025452,0.0000578218,0.00016928549,0.00017473582,0.5732759,0.37673983,0.001226844,0.00030852042,0.028344214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008181527,0.00009912416,0.0058249533,0.00000227832,0.000015494614,0.00003952137,0.000036484314,0.89190286,0.10168292,0.0001622731,0.00021520113,0.000010642733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009358502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059760287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009358502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040280915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027560684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018608034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307262221","doi":"10.3390/membranes12111028","title":"Reduced Low–Pressure Membrane Fouling by Inline Coagulation Pretreatment for a Colored River Water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Coagulation; Colored; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Composite material; Medicine; Biochemistry; Internal medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.012083063532592876,"score_gpt":0.2364229812868138,"score_spread":0.22433991775422094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307262221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931698,0.00040205382,0.005824584,0.000042465646,0.000015265112,0.000025222143,0.000063846994,0.00004948524,0.0004073265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98811996,0.0005281919,0.009806887,0.000053378924,0.000009508562,0.00002190203,0.00012522552,0.000023600214,0.0013113288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998448,0.000032952135,0.0000118700455,0.00003629332,0.000040940195,0.000033193104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990773,0.000012415215,0.000037076017,0.0000061395444,0.000025177414,0.000011446031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021929712,0.00047942836,0.0003767566,0.0001755061,0.00026764098,0.00037755494,0.00021049235,0.00056687463,0.0005489429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020725552,0.00015401552,0.000518321,0.00015822063,0.00014430554,0.00037125888,0.00021283358,0.00046325795,0.00021330509],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015098751,0.000013520732,0.00007301811,0.00001929661,0.000003324476,0.000012098611,0.000008996739,0.000049621474,0.99898416,0.000007884408,0.000010425099,0.0008025102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030523222,0.00016055201,0.0015591291,0.000001794686,0.000014009811,0.000041324412,0.000012988914,0.0005060419,0.9972363,0.0000060933403,0.00045483632,0.000003860227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015774177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023569593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015774177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036365545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028396485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031365156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307483131","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159812","title":"Interaction of operating HRT and temperature on fouling of tertiary membranes treating municipal wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Fouling; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Operating temperature; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011664938578030104,"score_gpt":0.22931283644423364,"score_spread":0.21764789786620353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307483131","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992299,0.00025040837,0.00013303845,0.000025294812,0.000019798274,0.000003780866,0.000064302156,0.0000054842712,0.00026796962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993461,0.00009986599,0.00015147678,0.000019773966,0.000009120289,0.0000027484487,0.00004540309,0.000004773804,0.0003207424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996463,0.00010247437,0.000031127096,0.000046434692,0.000065524764,0.00010815145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894565,0.0006490849,0.00012537818,0.000040966544,0.00016841787,0.000070566806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005234251,0.00029135754,0.00044286347,0.00021175045,0.0003060376,0.00058108586,0.0002796465,0.0005072327,0.001729021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015163681,0.00019493523,0.0004915377,0.00025331887,0.00038397,0.00040969948,0.00018269783,0.00041922127,0.00023135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008399562,0.00034305573,0.00507204,0.00021121629,0.00009922344,0.00016127595,0.00021745186,0.0011149063,0.9772559,0.000074184776,0.00019556348,0.006855614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037702914,0.002169272,0.034019552,0.00001787582,0.00009607927,0.0000958788,0.00023278706,0.0027641396,0.95988435,0.00005428225,0.00059234566,0.00003581479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030109817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003119759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030109817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045123728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003655954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005986929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307593171","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137054","title":"An integrated leachate bed reactor – anaerobic membrane bioreactor system (LBR-AnMBR) for food waste stabilization and biogas recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Biogas; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Hydrolysis; Pulp and paper industry; Methane; Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry","score_opus":0.013655366275365066,"score_gpt":0.2171689966319677,"score_spread":0.20351363035660264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307593171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655118,0.0009888323,0.030293338,0.00017478755,0.00009799459,0.0001150803,0.00046568378,0.00093142403,0.0014210757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96596134,0.00053116743,0.029750869,0.00009222452,0.00002144631,0.00008331061,0.0004662713,0.000030786825,0.0030625635],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971586,0.000036358375,0.000028851344,0.00007013068,0.000102591315,0.000046181412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999471,0.0000056704516,0.00000922669,0.0000062863046,0.000013939902,0.000017846198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034266908,0.00041685396,0.0006362667,0.00031815117,0.00044566023,0.00041786773,0.0005324033,0.0003995274,0.0005148214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013872724,0.00021180052,0.0004894795,0.00019955513,0.0001301591,0.0004431608,0.0005751961,0.0004386421,0.00047079474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020423188,0.00012966378,0.00039369956,0.00006436427,0.000013071756,0.000045182514,0.000007318737,0.00031669965,0.99378574,0.000053369316,0.000054118747,0.0049325405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009286,0.0008310738,0.003536447,0.0000081517655,0.00007085569,0.000184378,0.000020763206,0.0074497084,0.98406434,0.000048854654,0.0036690435,0.000023460489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017338828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002881918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017338828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005309714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006763451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038524866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307833993","doi":"10.1002/pol.20220593","title":"Issue Information ‐ Cover Description","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Cover (algebra); Citation; Information retrieval; Computer science; World Wide Web; Library science; Engineering","score_opus":0.01254265450495095,"score_gpt":0.2535883367296501,"score_spread":0.24104568222469913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307833993","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005280441,0.0012842256,0.0013898801,0.0047242763,0.011745683,0.000945672,0.062642924,0.0040396834,0.91269964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014371503,0.000879775,0.0005404059,0.0016836611,0.0014569282,0.00024405832,0.017326683,0.0008545274,0.9755769],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955624,0.00003867217,0.000034938625,0.00007669682,0.00021877747,0.00007473859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99786466,0.0003343497,0.00009934141,0.0002038367,0.00085319934,0.00064473134],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000758003,0.0010532853,0.0010920297,0.002248597,0.0009720266,0.0039264215,0.0012525372,0.0020348558,0.92704594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0042590233,0.0004775629,0.00074088085,0.0019989982,0.0002765302,0.0029943376,0.0015877654,0.0013068919,0.87037516],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026112511,0.000028794799,0.00005485763,0.00017242115,0.0000014257823,0.000020008443,0.0000069167054,0.000033797707,0.00019923436,0.00057256315,0.96383256,0.03505135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013022829,0.00001844524,0.00020584858,0.000056549656,0.0000010429969,0.000029617286,0.0000103439515,0.00003568315,0.000112848975,0.00035892826,0.99915385,0.0000038159355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015194505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023617034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07295406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00078824826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010835056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.104060054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308697122","doi":"10.3390/w14223616","title":"Recent Advances in Plasmonic Chemically Modified Bioactive Membrane Applications for the Removal of Water Pollution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Water treatment; Water scarcity; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Reuse; Fouling; Population; Membrane technology; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Water resources; Environmental science; Materials science; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.01389035345734058,"score_gpt":0.24385823691193717,"score_spread":0.2299678834545966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308697122","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03259505,0.94173783,0.014264222,0.002195633,0.00052695646,0.000028198212,0.000044358592,0.00010572833,0.00850201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.116482705,0.8605747,0.015690241,0.0012819724,0.0009622907,0.00004431151,0.00008903112,0.00002764536,0.0048470143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998196,0.000037307465,0.000020788768,0.00003793287,0.00006302072,0.000021470327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996542,0.00016320779,0.00007036275,0.000013132956,0.000077126475,0.00002211781],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070487167,0.00056251604,0.000366917,0.00070695183,0.00017146688,0.00055559695,0.00037828073,0.00089847296,0.0010525105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046656534,0.00031563063,0.00042180865,0.000639618,0.00035466114,0.0009330551,0.00036545566,0.00059896987,0.0004339431],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018365444,0.00020797261,0.000658666,0.010543215,0.00010296756,0.000488129,0.00027919398,0.0018463322,0.6440586,0.00663775,0.0038652741,0.3311283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029371451,0.0012700246,0.0032638493,0.00081681565,0.0003054765,0.0023284396,0.00028835278,0.005853278,0.4803335,0.0036899196,0.50172144,0.000099666126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028064652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054059894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010525105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032742473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027053204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003727734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309279518","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121197","title":"Organic solvent-free polyelectrolyte complex membrane preparation: Effect of monomer mixing ratio and casting solution temperature","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Monomer; Membrane; Mixing (physics); Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Solvent; Casting; Chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.011010537805838619,"score_gpt":0.2490928137060257,"score_spread":0.2380822759001871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309279518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97373915,0.001147873,0.023194743,0.00011178205,0.00006073128,0.00007269663,0.00025927374,0.00017357417,0.0012401905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96831447,0.0015008147,0.027076563,0.000052511,0.000017567203,0.0000965791,0.0004862985,0.00011070504,0.0023445748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997987,0.000023563549,0.000023979195,0.000063005886,0.000052532603,0.00003817719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998311,0.000046698337,0.000033081604,0.000022317754,0.00004562575,0.0000211154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003614279,0.0003250374,0.00037511857,0.0002167254,0.00034560642,0.0003650321,0.00034611055,0.00041591344,0.0010121039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037753946,0.0002280918,0.0002207589,0.0003393194,0.00021473474,0.00043260178,0.0002004065,0.00084969326,0.00040894965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035796274,0.000012435422,0.00002661648,0.00003151812,0.0000031214427,0.000008986382,0.000012231495,0.000035710076,0.9990701,0.000047872167,0.000012295233,0.0007033462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022688216,0.000012073667,0.00008270873,0.0000010866975,0.0000025428092,0.0000074986415,0.000002683563,0.0001109481,0.999534,0.0000046673536,0.00023836577,0.0000012867074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006920673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012064581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010121039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026827276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037681637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033858418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309417988","doi":"10.30955/gnc2019.00660","title":"Highly efficient anti-fouling electro-conductive membranes fabricated by reduced Graphene Oxide-Polyaniline (rGO-PANI) laminates","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global NEST International Conference on Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyaniline; Materials science; Membrane; Graphene; Contact angle; Oxide; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Permeation; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011185510238769597,"score_gpt":0.24913617763103565,"score_spread":0.23795066739226606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309417988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9823038,0.0016083758,0.014141517,0.00019248259,0.0000813281,0.000038265516,0.00012800297,0.00023469861,0.0012715275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9815973,0.0010932387,0.015574202,0.00006254764,0.000024477264,0.000032172913,0.00010700553,0.000022298878,0.0014866912],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987197,0.000018075965,0.000011946116,0.000032992026,0.000037974598,0.000027026099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998971,0.000017995028,0.000041406354,0.000008651765,0.00002259102,0.000012172377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018878035,0.00046917188,0.00021877541,0.00023347599,0.00017395186,0.00027094272,0.00025645204,0.0004250191,0.0003479492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023832372,0.00021195284,0.00028753668,0.00015491706,0.00020975425,0.0005164195,0.00019739797,0.00044461427,0.00022429017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007003413,0.0000048283955,0.00002247556,0.000026854355,0.0000020984585,0.000023559376,0.0000068616373,0.00003827749,0.99930704,0.000028444194,0.000011614774,0.00052089535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001501029,0.000030301026,0.00030492365,0.0000013665526,0.00000384713,0.000050725408,0.0000048787106,0.0002953435,0.9989023,0.000008794216,0.00039404546,0.000001939246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002048879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054679456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00046917188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017185202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012066413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012469292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309462642","doi":"10.3390/coatings12111764","title":"TiO2 Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membrane Developed with Suspension Plasma Spray Process","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Coatings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Suspension (topology); Titanium dioxide; Photocatalysis; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Microstructure; Particle size; Porosity; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015682729182456476,"score_gpt":0.23888547702383056,"score_spread":0.2232027478413741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309462642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9035079,0.0025955962,0.089010395,0.0002462396,0.00011081014,0.00015559756,0.00034389,0.00072226353,0.003307317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9493421,0.0015508566,0.04477449,0.00008670341,0.000029777255,0.00012019371,0.00037745183,0.000050698196,0.00366773],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997588,0.000020962712,0.000015720274,0.00006397198,0.00010214526,0.00003837259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990916,0.000008765223,0.000018871162,0.000008926492,0.00004650718,0.000007768358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029680142,0.000498139,0.0004771224,0.00030215908,0.00025823133,0.00031894626,0.00049711607,0.00075703533,0.0005311544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021270534,0.00023770508,0.00057970674,0.00035196551,0.00019495584,0.00055763446,0.00026845108,0.0005997736,0.00032688392],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010028548,0.000006275435,0.00002994117,0.00002933913,0.0000027342314,0.000021420794,0.000007188197,0.00004519688,0.9988142,0.000047784564,0.000022447173,0.00096354244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074770514,0.00005988904,0.000557533,0.0000015594193,0.000007045904,0.00011181546,0.000005547911,0.0013610244,0.9966428,0.000022430331,0.0012183116,0.000004538509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013977302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012996781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013977302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005287626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030077746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038365126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309838652","doi":"10.1149/ma2022-02642350mtgabs","title":"Design of Anti-Fouling Membrane Coatings for Desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Brackish water; Reverse osmosis plant; Coating; Water treatment; Membrane; Renewable energy; Filtration (mathematics); Waste management; Materials science; Engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Salinity","score_opus":0.03060098947479023,"score_gpt":0.26151750897544757,"score_spread":0.23091651950065734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309838652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92130154,0.004713432,0.06607744,0.00022637798,0.00023430781,0.0005229141,0.00020443043,0.0002743511,0.0064452346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9108231,0.0032953108,0.081997916,0.00011877264,0.000036737874,0.00028946306,0.00018505381,0.000060285656,0.0031933477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978465,0.000017671864,0.000018474884,0.00004813874,0.00009169516,0.00003941485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975055,0.000025311685,0.00006618945,0.000017712295,0.00010635591,0.000033939225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002692855,0.0004923064,0.00026787558,0.00035752784,0.0002206966,0.00040305965,0.00057871384,0.0008925399,0.00045574512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004233037,0.0003489181,0.00033398235,0.0001896053,0.0001416817,0.00034707173,0.000192543,0.0005193378,0.00036751825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010631593,0.000022935481,0.000054025266,0.00006110974,0.0000041527087,0.000024555122,0.0000071079608,0.00045094878,0.9971808,0.00008641228,0.000031990083,0.0020654704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012720582,0.00023031968,0.0008755967,0.000008916685,0.000013607387,0.000084005595,0.000012433497,0.0068847965,0.9885874,0.000035155364,0.0032453607,0.000009641778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062052015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001054014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008925399,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004603344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028635786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033400059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310147645","doi":"10.3390/membranes12121198","title":"High-Frequency Pulsatile Parameterization Study for the Titania Ceramic Membrane Fouling Mitigation in Oily Wastewater Systems Using the Box–Behnken Response Surface Methodology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Fouling; Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Ceramic; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.059853064534760685,"score_gpt":0.30190065600470456,"score_spread":0.24204759146994387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310147645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9589771,0.0013333708,0.039176635,0.00006359412,0.000024644023,0.000042937863,0.00007690942,0.00007057396,0.00023408773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9744008,0.0012583643,0.023686757,0.000041357755,0.000010752351,0.00010360953,0.00011814616,0.000013611469,0.0003666483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964714,0.000076738324,0.000026610654,0.00006257587,0.00015314278,0.000033781984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981457,0.00008654223,0.000034128167,0.000013441321,0.00004559151,0.0000056776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000736324,0.0003744283,0.0006331432,0.000273219,0.00016518746,0.00036768525,0.00030540978,0.00041105913,0.00025266927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005012512,0.00014708382,0.00077178696,0.00034893144,0.00021466083,0.00029836353,0.0002455045,0.00045144896,0.00009171299],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000099433324,0.00007408195,0.00074255076,0.00021259628,0.000031517124,0.00003656399,0.000055060907,0.0028237451,0.9869625,0.000104467916,0.000030143166,0.008827344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011099559,0.0008931727,0.0054550646,0.00000643341,0.000050862698,0.000074127835,0.00007041532,0.034126822,0.95839137,0.00008902112,0.0008035178,0.000028211873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070141064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074696157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000736324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024384145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033638178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038940907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310346421","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116898","title":"Anaerobic–aerobic treatment of wastewater and leachate: A review of process integration, system design, performance and associated energy revenue","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Leachate; Anaerobic exercise; Process (computing); Wastewater; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.02516640024802912,"score_gpt":0.2514999403633665,"score_spread":0.22633354011533735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310346421","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00016970104,0.9992675,0.00017186378,0.00008564035,0.000077160854,0.00000451598,0.000016391376,0.0000037978054,0.00020333967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00077643746,0.99850756,0.00037209527,0.00008675124,0.000061475606,0.0000053401027,0.000028822025,0.0000015356953,0.00015985909],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928135,0.00008233027,0.00012475597,0.00013496581,0.0003200055,0.000056738987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902546,0.00042900923,0.0001971689,0.000030821764,0.00026796001,0.000049517726],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017704446,0.0012630697,0.0025759218,0.003335014,0.00030810124,0.0014431408,0.0015142413,0.0014288144,0.0016401479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013952352,0.00061289244,0.0010854795,0.004559413,0.00062269473,0.0018652563,0.00081820914,0.001391692,0.0010288502],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015766761,0.00021266995,0.00022295956,0.051251765,0.00025946426,0.000098025936,0.000038503953,0.000682318,0.009644551,0.002135725,0.010423126,0.9248732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007059541,0.0009159327,0.0027775897,0.0098559605,0.0010486648,0.0013010469,0.000103427374,0.00050074176,0.009262854,0.0016910136,0.97237056,0.00010165612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017213402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004033721,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003335014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00085350795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019394387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009363174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310566118","doi":"10.1039/d2cp03839k","title":"Molecular modeling of thin-film nanocomposite membranes for reverse osmosis water desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Water desalination; Materials science; Osmosis; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03324013343440566,"score_gpt":0.28552673449927235,"score_spread":0.25228660106486667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310566118","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025803098,0.97708637,0.013109387,0.0007442083,0.0004241305,0.000070127106,0.0002949788,0.0001675029,0.005522983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01119728,0.9724787,0.0125583,0.0001843876,0.00013963283,0.00009782343,0.00036372707,0.000032562024,0.0029475805],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991524,0.000017153448,0.0000059381555,0.000014068052,0.00003947436,0.000008114941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999012,0.000036304198,0.000015078261,0.0000074427853,0.000032492448,0.0000074572076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054548745,0.0011384836,0.00095724507,0.0007204201,0.00018790203,0.00063201546,0.0009286379,0.0008162841,0.0017193607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005484798,0.0003351197,0.00058000523,0.00078650494,0.00017083433,0.0008584506,0.00029315642,0.0012194657,0.0014528871],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011249911,0.00029984146,0.00029603945,0.024909804,0.00046208437,0.0003675241,0.000073152296,0.04292457,0.07586162,0.03809319,0.04191945,0.77468026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066717774,0.00024193217,0.0006364285,0.0015337063,0.00031519769,0.0007239163,0.00003694213,0.024642505,0.028779965,0.006083706,0.93686837,0.00007048246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020809527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003445434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020809527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006501588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009165551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057517886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310760440","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2022.140851","title":"Synthesis of heterogeneous metal organic Framework-Graphene oxide nanocomposite membranes for water treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Graphene; Humic acid; Oxide; Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Portable water purification; Fouling; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.007825379370501545,"score_gpt":0.20297833228384507,"score_spread":0.19515295291334353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310760440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98259014,0.00193623,0.011203849,0.00014122574,0.00007206532,0.000047051886,0.00023739037,0.00014804878,0.003624037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99280363,0.00052776566,0.0049359556,0.000022839444,0.0000072349485,0.000014079309,0.000107232736,0.000011177957,0.0015700741],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992883,0.0000057767184,0.0000040740997,0.000016230559,0.000022285649,0.00002282341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999738,0.000004683321,0.0000053344097,0.0000022418549,0.000007365179,0.000006542722],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009886618,0.0002680539,0.00018715301,0.00023548045,0.00022065389,0.00023196625,0.00022428908,0.00034326562,0.0005854451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012984077,0.00012009146,0.00025773648,0.00014470209,0.00007714773,0.0002909176,0.00015458387,0.00035186033,0.00015552522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025141437,0.000020598682,0.000041288436,0.00005020685,0.0000066278067,0.000033922057,0.0000074005125,0.00027809705,0.9973597,0.00013807195,0.000040848765,0.0019980946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004312975,0.00005727662,0.00036959536,0.0000026414466,0.00000808915,0.00002278493,0.000008664233,0.0016859574,0.99661463,0.000036422443,0.0011861774,0.0000034990044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00089604757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031362935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00089604757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029949212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023985373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021730065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311311343","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2355222/v1","title":"Treatment of Commercial Laundry Wastewater Using Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flocculation; Alum; Laundry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Turbidity; Wastewater; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Food science; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.11556954785454585,"score_gpt":0.39076139341069877,"score_spread":0.27519184555615295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311311343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948508,0.0015240343,0.002210916,0.000118677366,0.000024521309,0.000054016506,0.000151464,0.00005275485,0.001012629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98762345,0.0011377815,0.006555744,0.00010274045,0.0000077369905,0.000020821992,0.0003744556,0.000014288082,0.0041629295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988353,0.000016475411,0.000009392375,0.000018896719,0.000041984218,0.000029721681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999908,0.0000117301915,0.00001574855,0.0000039491,0.000043681695,0.000017023276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015996226,0.0005172863,0.00032741477,0.00020220249,0.00025777603,0.00037076496,0.0002417299,0.00034680765,0.0008744502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014181524,0.00008654552,0.0003131981,0.0001957023,0.00012170693,0.00015540663,0.00020642129,0.00027494205,0.00019037683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040022787,0.000031976055,0.00053644046,0.00012824695,0.000007175259,0.0000608375,0.000012241011,0.00015955615,0.99530363,0.0000069509983,0.000055434815,0.0036575068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010748845,0.00043453393,0.011527621,0.000022268363,0.000026472395,0.00012203168,0.000079279125,0.0014318221,0.9839499,0.000010201269,0.0023763808,0.0000085794645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.040290043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09577769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.040290043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008204151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005743256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08011109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311503714","doi":"10.3390/nano12234331","title":"Electrosprayed CNTs on Electrospun PVDF-Co-HFP Membrane for Robust Membrane Distillation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Distilled water; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ultimate tensile strength; Chromatography; Composite material; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01932161886689674,"score_gpt":0.2588687134621012,"score_spread":0.23954709459520449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311503714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9628639,0.0031533292,0.031341612,0.0002920238,0.00010713285,0.000104867315,0.00046972663,0.00025653237,0.0014108918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95950943,0.0020418067,0.036225613,0.00009705067,0.000043910935,0.00009256384,0.0002936896,0.00006139489,0.0016344935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998412,0.000016662394,0.000011872959,0.000038026996,0.00007204923,0.000020136096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998667,0.000034522644,0.00003612274,0.000011337683,0.000037569193,0.000013762917],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024285815,0.00045675,0.0003005367,0.00022387781,0.00018508434,0.0002423086,0.00026686178,0.000522805,0.00051021366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030134205,0.00015470847,0.0002804927,0.00018417192,0.00018974365,0.0005904858,0.00027822214,0.00043145524,0.0003268998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075417443,0.0000027358185,0.000021672353,0.00002506601,0.0000014973702,0.00003509219,0.000003984345,0.000046928097,0.99910235,0.000022061015,0.000011451731,0.0007195203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029809585,0.00003702919,0.00036965136,0.000002300016,0.0000029292735,0.00007465371,0.000007412812,0.0008099663,0.99790895,0.000016315133,0.0007642244,0.0000035955163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003642645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071576296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000522805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002603522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001558741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018889904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311688203","doi":"10.3390/membranes12121270","title":"Novel Polyelectrolyte-Based Draw Solute That Overcomes the Trade-Off between Forward Osmosis Performance and Ease of Regeneration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Distilled water; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Ultrafiltration (renal); Wastewater; Seawater; Brackish water; Desalination; Materials science; Monomer; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Salinity","score_opus":0.018122970919703177,"score_gpt":0.21938351197576428,"score_spread":0.20126054105606112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311688203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94508034,0.002131177,0.04779122,0.00035678587,0.00013547218,0.00010922203,0.0002190318,0.0005004673,0.003676268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9421566,0.0019730804,0.04710293,0.00020637666,0.00006638527,0.00007904374,0.0002897281,0.00006432318,0.008061586],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990964,0.000008376946,0.0000070606447,0.000021449318,0.000042222622,0.0000112598955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990344,0.000015860587,0.000032939148,0.0000073840793,0.000022085778,0.000018330808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001081481,0.00038888215,0.0002054656,0.0002452191,0.00015501252,0.0003512018,0.0002650089,0.00051067467,0.00056026527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017887459,0.00015713242,0.00021209799,0.00023338295,0.0002148781,0.0006741227,0.00030216886,0.0005344488,0.0003451966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008168129,0.00000892522,0.000042723386,0.000049074486,0.0000032403434,0.000039453746,0.000007734978,0.0000598587,0.9976152,0.00019164172,0.000035528883,0.0019384549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035321339,0.000049776718,0.00023837926,0.0000023161738,0.0000062422705,0.00008539397,0.0000060206085,0.0005356643,0.99637467,0.000024631747,0.002669445,0.0000037808136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003184516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010330067,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056026527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032264594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028881288,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023409128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311747010","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103412","title":"High performance loose nanofiltration membranes with enhanced fouling-resistance by rapid covalent co-deposition of dopamine and diamine-zwitterion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Zwitterion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Organic chemistry; Molecule","score_opus":0.00384496039558248,"score_gpt":0.18554561438145756,"score_spread":0.18170065398587507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311747010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99002403,0.0008358801,0.0079163015,0.000082952785,0.00003695122,0.000021246133,0.000105353116,0.00018458563,0.00079275016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99433583,0.00028890205,0.003584548,0.000038574235,0.000009863637,0.000013213541,0.00010976606,0.000025973995,0.0015933884],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998227,0.000013545793,0.0000146977345,0.000041281946,0.00005400205,0.00005384171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999062,0.0000111512845,0.000027717915,0.000010738187,0.000022525526,0.000021570148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023931077,0.00046745126,0.00030532738,0.00018399078,0.00017633391,0.00034779,0.00031791738,0.00048719466,0.00039536256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002133598,0.00024202692,0.00027799388,0.00014748926,0.00016469284,0.00043837624,0.00034752602,0.0005436772,0.00022699531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014878339,0.000003687863,0.000020485266,0.0000118391945,0.000002104596,0.000013465453,0.0000066134653,0.000021942906,0.99943215,0.000024746194,0.000012809098,0.0004351496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029270752,0.000039532177,0.00032041303,6.064129e-7,0.000003970581,0.000036020316,0.0000035829771,0.0002478821,0.9989818,0.000006706752,0.00035435572,0.0000022292875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058637373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014396968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058637373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040122718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018715623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029111505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312083029","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160655","title":"How and why does time matter - A comparison of fouling caused by organic substances on membranes over adsorption durations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Quartz crystal microbalance; Membrane; Chemistry; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Bovine serum albumin; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009304717024226175,"score_gpt":0.21260472384818438,"score_spread":0.2033000068239582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312083029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895948,0.0069200466,0.0015291963,0.00035799496,0.00012160167,0.0000133423255,0.00017432976,0.000021712653,0.0012670115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959292,0.0021406487,0.00058724516,0.00012684676,0.000027899212,0.000008144376,0.0001399722,0.000026798216,0.0010132946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991072,0.0001661865,0.00006226047,0.0001504275,0.00032138333,0.0001925392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967276,0.0015129162,0.00064367155,0.00021148344,0.00067386625,0.00023058646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017244107,0.0002547685,0.0005988123,0.00059100834,0.00032858487,0.0011946566,0.00041272494,0.001257256,0.0012899283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003493589,0.00015569037,0.0010306652,0.00078128604,0.0005879309,0.002247428,0.00036801418,0.00043584322,0.0005126489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00577946,0.00025010554,0.04433242,0.0008965794,0.00063909305,0.00038824868,0.0010378943,0.0015150217,0.8983877,0.0015050619,0.0006641259,0.044604383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012681235,0.008372718,0.4094288,0.00020417388,0.0012624479,0.0011336451,0.003908415,0.004451405,0.55284953,0.004973797,0.013103382,0.00018488323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012996788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001193567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017244107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046278903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035387845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00911963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312084445","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2022.115122","title":"Fluid transport in porous media based on differences in filter media morphology and biofilm growth in bioreactors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Zeolite; Porous medium; Biofilm; Porosity; Clogging; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Tortuosity; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Composite material; Geology","score_opus":0.03921760619982908,"score_gpt":0.2736454920749141,"score_spread":0.23442788587508503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312084445","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998823,0.000085256004,0.00089434773,0.000023341127,0.00000646713,0.0000048399575,0.00003349005,0.000009502222,0.0001197816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981213,0.00011785453,0.0013744383,0.000014627093,0.0000036421907,0.00000982054,0.000060988794,0.000011405963,0.00028582104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997111,0.000073035575,0.000025884412,0.00006061934,0.000057652604,0.00007173306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993326,0.00031359456,0.00014248093,0.0000278193,0.00011263003,0.00007083611],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047721548,0.00025039725,0.00024724018,0.00025158562,0.00026298946,0.001185556,0.00028458794,0.00045212364,0.00025109245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010641058,0.00021400464,0.00031246862,0.00020138688,0.0004719385,0.00075180805,0.00030932736,0.0004222987,0.00008436948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025549353,0.000025302304,0.00045665234,0.000009969756,0.000003869532,0.000011401271,0.000032922595,0.00017609537,0.99846077,0.000057708097,0.000009897947,0.00049980194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015793748,0.00018751777,0.0043416186,0.0000039011416,0.000013731443,0.000026117059,0.000075496515,0.0046738535,0.9904439,0.00006112594,0.00014397902,0.000013077765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003763139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002257615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003763139,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010061566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00051552407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007482469},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312252859","doi":"10.56431/p-r673ky","title":"Rubber Processing Effluent Treatment with Chitosan: A Natural Biopolymer in Comparison with a Synthetic Coagulant","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Chitosan; Effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Biochemical oxygen demand; Biopolymer; Flocculation; Turbidity; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Natural rubber; Chloride; Ferrous; Synthetic rubber; Coagulation; Wastewater; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.004076496847210692,"score_gpt":0.2067176992303765,"score_spread":0.2026412023831658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312252859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964882,0.0015484374,0.0010800875,0.000059548773,0.00002086982,0.000025133724,0.00006868666,0.000017239316,0.0006916704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99320096,0.001558552,0.0031794838,0.00005591845,0.000011628841,0.000022510916,0.00013944002,0.00001065274,0.0018208057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984396,0.000029543544,0.000019738362,0.00002903408,0.00005017586,0.00002743347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986684,0.000019945259,0.000047299596,0.000009536287,0.000032715325,0.000023675013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020995254,0.00036591655,0.0002389904,0.00019863786,0.0001315728,0.00022757023,0.00021656079,0.00038368863,0.0006841707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020774738,0.00012268242,0.00032875474,0.00021438695,0.00016487009,0.00016040381,0.00015921054,0.00032910405,0.0001258405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008287651,0.00002393221,0.000057369176,0.00006884249,0.0000046947143,0.000025564928,0.0000072297034,0.000046327084,0.99900323,0.000008155799,0.000007532924,0.00066422374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007794577,0.00068070303,0.002282564,0.0000058071673,0.000021953736,0.000094379575,0.000011733809,0.0002714113,0.9959407,0.0000040435843,0.0006740214,0.0000047996914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001401166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024587954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001401166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020773686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002241371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027860403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312840356","doi":"10.1130/abs/2022am-382645","title":"SURFACE MODIFICATION OF A SOLID CARBON BYPRODUCT GENERATED BY METHANE PYROLYSIS FOR WATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Abstracts with programs - Geological Society of America","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Methane; Pyrolysis; Carbon fibers; Surface modification; Materials science; Solid surface; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Composite number","score_opus":0.02670336677763418,"score_gpt":0.26920331678645487,"score_spread":0.24249995000882069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312840356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961365,0.00023668943,0.001990814,0.00006157912,0.0000375255,0.000013675906,0.00005300419,0.000034568067,0.0014356433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971566,0.000120931254,0.0009403906,0.000014215218,0.0000054166153,0.000005731402,0.00006880454,0.000010855181,0.0016770103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999268,0.000008448035,0.0000027004378,0.000009858122,0.000028943534,0.0000231592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999572,0.00000928051,0.0000075046282,0.000004915623,0.000012388047,0.000008743913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094319046,0.00026294033,0.00012769742,0.00013024898,0.0001750672,0.00016086547,0.00018648448,0.0002925076,0.001379915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001274653,0.000087018714,0.00024245073,0.00009179822,0.0001280762,0.00015067641,0.00013564645,0.00028196684,0.0002334713],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058426725,0.000015244253,0.0001014752,0.00002235207,0.0000035762182,0.000040299543,0.000012824774,0.00010321415,0.99821043,0.000056363333,0.000041357045,0.0013344751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027135245,0.000116372255,0.00058695086,8.305558e-7,0.0000031872755,0.000023823208,0.000008739663,0.0003844583,0.99844813,0.000008843012,0.00041448878,0.0000014133337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051673065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009413057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001379915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014554594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012196367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046162605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312878117","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4267986","title":"Triethanolamine-Based Zwitterionic Polyester Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes with Excellent Fouling-Resistance for Efficient Dye and Antibiotic Separation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Triethanolamine; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Polyester; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.006922291743151991,"score_gpt":0.22721095384448572,"score_spread":0.22028866210133374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312878117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9723592,0.0020394495,0.023150703,0.00015510684,0.0000778795,0.000042133688,0.000128323,0.0002769552,0.0017702731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798267,0.0011987872,0.014985156,0.0001063263,0.000023107492,0.000041952942,0.00023734913,0.000049412996,0.0035311214],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982256,0.000020322233,0.000022152737,0.00003187242,0.00006637211,0.000036678986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998754,0.000020944775,0.000034460612,0.000009222054,0.00004015497,0.00001979244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035260263,0.0004938673,0.0002597792,0.0002604781,0.0002164103,0.00033135727,0.0003330053,0.00064862106,0.0005186099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002846726,0.00023742375,0.0003421716,0.00020064265,0.00016055423,0.0005986901,0.00028662826,0.00056850625,0.00036837027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015534008,0.000006020802,0.000015944755,0.000015824777,0.0000027090173,0.000018333529,0.000005148716,0.000031872285,0.9991844,0.000030899162,0.000016871883,0.0006563846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024191602,0.000029283749,0.00020093046,0.000001256028,0.0000058259657,0.000040485906,0.0000037409843,0.00042352558,0.9989427,0.00000808832,0.00033896527,0.0000028546106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061313546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014636883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00064862106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033572855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028057562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002435863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313145384","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4305926","title":"Novel High Flux and Thermally Stable Forward Osmosis Membranes for Water Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Water treatment; Flux (metallurgy); Osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.010137787600134979,"score_gpt":0.21913868238096149,"score_spread":0.2090008947808265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313145384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556618,0.004180937,0.033959806,0.0004384581,0.00037905478,0.000049176262,0.0001814444,0.00029024278,0.0048591685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9738628,0.0013040053,0.016197126,0.00009736936,0.00005730276,0.00003787611,0.00013866137,0.000037296682,0.008267537],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999263,0.000006873535,0.000004000818,0.000013961085,0.000032723572,0.00001594929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999547,0.0000075051103,0.000011702883,0.0000039307224,0.000014815729,0.000007440657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014551055,0.00026838022,0.00022624769,0.00016733716,0.0002686339,0.00038167904,0.00026912818,0.0004618757,0.00079796155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011846095,0.00018053252,0.0002062944,0.00010732479,0.00019764507,0.000736178,0.00027051012,0.00055280654,0.00033882225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005820288,0.000020165331,0.00006545237,0.000053981134,0.000004888311,0.00005130458,0.000017449862,0.00015715946,0.99467826,0.0004861725,0.00017656389,0.004230415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009328654,0.00009488205,0.00045769016,0.000003475649,0.0000059113936,0.00012791407,0.000013385472,0.0019191239,0.99421906,0.00012842733,0.0030123247,0.000008368486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023322213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008629843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079796155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028981915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024560635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026694536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313397917","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2022.12.073","title":"A novel spiral wound module design for harvesting salinity gradient energy using pressure retarded osmosis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Pressure drop; Renewable energy; Osmotic power; Spiral (railway); Salinity; Power density; Pressure gradient; Reverse osmosis; Limiting; Power (physics); Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Materials science; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Physics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.055607604568233646,"score_gpt":0.24955596381345255,"score_spread":0.19394835924521892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313397917","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5505889,0.0014446353,0.437737,0.00038194444,0.00046710044,0.0001709671,0.00044045926,0.0019164252,0.0068525122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8840441,0.00049420143,0.109105065,0.000110814064,0.000050513117,0.000085018,0.00018427079,0.00005348331,0.0058725923],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990726,0.000007581482,0.000006061791,0.000027324313,0.000038358714,0.000013316159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989533,0.000008202646,0.000030425272,0.000011869129,0.000042949538,0.000011297576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009747288,0.0002933166,0.00028671135,0.00019871362,0.00016138321,0.00030296043,0.0007575015,0.00038850863,0.0009850492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011092901,0.0001772533,0.0002871162,0.00021548048,0.00010409078,0.0004568299,0.00020931414,0.00021310363,0.00047236992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007338236,0.000026848307,0.00024246785,0.00011000617,0.000010432248,0.000059519072,0.000017612823,0.0007077046,0.98019916,0.00050735596,0.00037346085,0.017672075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018646175,0.0006493799,0.0014071718,0.000010400284,0.000034596043,0.00049724436,0.00002268414,0.024280412,0.96296746,0.00020735941,0.009877717,0.000026952754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013997414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029000264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009850492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020383258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021541536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003295362},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313514298","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103430","title":"Synthesis, characterization, and application of gravity-driven ceramic microfiltration membranes for surface water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; McGill University; Université du Québec à Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Microfiltration; Biofouling; Filtration (mathematics); Turbidity; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Surface roughness; Porosity; Alkalinity; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.008635331202109787,"score_gpt":0.22439344601675354,"score_spread":0.21575811481464374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313514298","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901002,0.00104778,0.0076050847,0.00013052879,0.000029465244,0.000028076867,0.00015329749,0.00006620518,0.00083932106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99403524,0.00045593933,0.004661109,0.000020262509,0.000007944127,0.0000134157235,0.00012670808,0.0000106639045,0.00066868385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982566,0.000012851175,0.000013817902,0.000025365323,0.00009502735,0.000027320102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998548,0.00003543405,0.00003161627,0.000016731634,0.000047727357,0.000013755746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003059606,0.0001694392,0.00018890171,0.00027092797,0.00029096782,0.00028276074,0.00025585588,0.00043326704,0.00043594133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034970135,0.0001572775,0.00043837185,0.00022417172,0.00024735476,0.0002982822,0.0001599467,0.0003566638,0.00011923737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027372747,0.000015314825,0.00016108998,0.000041195413,0.0000044372787,0.000019254321,0.000021951031,0.00023397247,0.99695456,0.00011627422,0.00005330041,0.0023513453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003810446,0.00007145367,0.0013717997,0.0000015167808,0.0000059128606,0.000046503857,0.000018888339,0.001477839,0.99590933,0.00002776663,0.0010595622,0.0000055318337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091848586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018936141,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00091848586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004383436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004254577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031804442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313519693","doi":"10.3390/mi14010128","title":"Membrane Surface Modification via In Situ Grafting of GO/Pt Nanoparticles for Nitrate Removal with Anti-Biofouling Properties","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Materials science; Surface modification; Grafting; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.02901592390260438,"score_gpt":0.2536105021266832,"score_spread":0.2245945782240788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313519693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871802,0.00096923445,0.009782504,0.00012319339,0.000043523596,0.000021644888,0.00014031258,0.00016566576,0.0015736407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901599,0.0007140779,0.0072474703,0.000046707024,0.0000068034406,0.000019089204,0.000115555355,0.000025954705,0.0016643956],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999387,0.0000056286817,0.0000041745275,0.000013426641,0.000023234494,0.000014757479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999683,0.0000056447325,0.000009450561,0.0000033287224,0.000009067323,0.000004247897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009408281,0.00029277516,0.0001761887,0.00015132116,0.0001465535,0.00017083302,0.00018782589,0.00036212217,0.0006747893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013407938,0.00011916485,0.0003818838,0.00013906736,0.00013804818,0.00027634914,0.00014297302,0.0002683454,0.00020380168],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010695606,0.0000041676008,0.000026581492,0.000024016897,0.000002017395,0.00002406119,0.000006151331,0.000051709547,0.9992119,0.00002682413,0.000014875402,0.0005969164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015760285,0.000037428996,0.00032293255,0.0000014374173,0.000006432346,0.000043739652,0.0000066973766,0.0005481951,0.9985695,0.000012989309,0.0004468023,0.0000022012048],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007280244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014351378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007280244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019077351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012635403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022574067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313680899","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121355","title":"Triethanolamine-based zwitterionic polyester thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes with excellent fouling-resistance for efficient dye and antibiotic separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Triethanolamine; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Sulfanilic acid; Chemistry; Polyamide; Materials science; Monomer; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score_opus":0.013711455360433045,"score_gpt":0.26386557704625496,"score_spread":0.2501541216858219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313680899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769611,0.0016482616,0.019461056,0.00013364466,0.00006578751,0.000039204846,0.00011256542,0.0002385336,0.0013398151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98266304,0.0010229324,0.0131175,0.00009771446,0.00002089745,0.0000423663,0.00019534757,0.000045758683,0.0027944355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982625,0.000019753905,0.000022147431,0.000029467725,0.0000640327,0.000038365004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998479,0.000024760737,0.000043958426,0.000010961993,0.000049411203,0.000022945254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003509767,0.0004730828,0.00024974585,0.00026315276,0.00021012557,0.00033074024,0.0003328641,0.0006248114,0.00041478165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003029344,0.0002575208,0.0003318767,0.00019689964,0.0001674045,0.0006304209,0.00027307705,0.00055495574,0.00030149665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016493068,0.0000062427075,0.000015541009,0.000014970451,0.0000026798132,0.00001657982,0.000005153494,0.000032606265,0.9992793,0.000028782997,0.000016237736,0.00056557165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029896478,0.000032789656,0.00020862072,0.0000012364987,0.000005936112,0.000035973393,0.000003749733,0.00046874056,0.99893445,0.000007917356,0.00029456985,0.0000030847698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014590223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00062971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036118197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002727396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026206374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316923292","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202200092","title":"Strategies for Mitigating MBR Membrane Biofouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Reuse; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Fouling; Bacteria; Biofilm; Engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012217386666006563,"score_gpt":0.22503959427233428,"score_spread":0.21282220760632772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316923292","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11429877,0.6800536,0.16617838,0.010436824,0.00093226566,0.0004117264,0.00016367242,0.000612458,0.026912313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44915485,0.45407614,0.08395596,0.002459931,0.00045204253,0.0003761891,0.00016864632,0.000053963195,0.009302196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994831,0.00009299268,0.000032137777,0.000086144544,0.00022657095,0.000078884696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998029,0.000040338626,0.000055751036,0.000012089417,0.00007097083,0.000017999751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070002297,0.0009865745,0.0007425199,0.0010875837,0.00042458277,0.0012666538,0.0008316202,0.0018232152,0.0012650936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040642096,0.00033446826,0.00063531415,0.0004939069,0.0005810286,0.0015895057,0.0012032005,0.0015532528,0.0008023381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007224545,0.00020124603,0.0007291246,0.0077041723,0.00013245878,0.00058366655,0.0002947225,0.003572125,0.75072765,0.019135293,0.0024297952,0.21441752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041668383,0.0011820124,0.0015882365,0.0015087274,0.00022078572,0.0010381641,0.0006338954,0.0069474634,0.65855736,0.0102625955,0.31795308,0.00006605896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083989685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001129493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018232152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00088599056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095124374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006428361},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317535631","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.116400","title":"Performance, energy and economic investigation of airgap membrane distillation system: An experimental and numerical investigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai; National Institute of Technology, Raipur","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Process engineering; Membrane; Materials science; Engineering; Desalination; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.017003196950323186,"score_gpt":0.23417420392785443,"score_spread":0.21717100697753125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317535631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962495,0.00015423459,0.0018293937,0.000070056994,0.000010140473,0.000016681704,0.00009743775,0.00002887807,0.0015437998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998872,0.00006513316,0.0006244881,0.0000038526773,0.0000026220864,0.000010716865,0.000036254725,0.000002282967,0.00038258967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998258,0.000030323135,0.000010849935,0.00002316669,0.00008051535,0.000029340901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996909,0.00017979287,0.000031138723,0.000026061185,0.00006156308,0.000010547238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036276382,0.00027899194,0.0005389536,0.0002884681,0.0006296608,0.00047117053,0.00042966817,0.0005753735,0.0011986238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005864629,0.0002063113,0.00038923114,0.00031695442,0.0005137444,0.00063370675,0.00032405904,0.00034851537,0.00012716666],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020513835,0.0010577013,0.009956903,0.00077326904,0.0000613326,0.000511955,0.00019917649,0.44413093,0.5144598,0.0031333647,0.0007445777,0.022919688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001239897,0.0015303931,0.010651672,0.000009241839,0.000040836487,0.00011565379,0.00016333722,0.73125196,0.2548004,0.0005578948,0.0007238178,0.000030797935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002801621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016360872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002801621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005024224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003351673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0055705905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317938513","doi":"10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102067","title":"Protocol for fabrication of the absorption-based regenerable microporous membrane for ultrafast and energy-efficient removal of antibiotics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"STAR Protocols","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microporous material; Membrane; Protocol (science); Fabrication; Absorption (acoustics); Adsorption; Materials science; Ultrashort pulse; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Medicine; Composite material","score_opus":0.03504687363630763,"score_gpt":0.31162461892799365,"score_spread":0.276577745291686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317938513","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"protocol","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"protocol","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20451564,0.006095948,0.6967029,0.0012125886,0.00084456714,0.014533688,0.0284797,0.006950152,0.040664792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2378893,0.010373075,0.6253662,0.00088559184,0.00014867657,0.031346537,0.045342866,0.0007260256,0.047921788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948716,0.000050302337,0.0000677198,0.00012171245,0.00019930833,0.00007378221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977845,0.000039534887,0.000034439396,0.000059326143,0.000067184694,0.00002106228],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055409875,0.0012191137,0.00066685834,0.0010257463,0.0012036115,0.00031243256,0.0010004949,0.00076474476,0.010799095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046178914,0.0008720068,0.0005149595,0.001055669,0.00028205235,0.00065177487,0.00046665894,0.0015717152,0.009223778],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006771498,0.00010991929,0.00008245515,0.00046597738,0.000010790345,0.00015095464,0.00007028208,0.0003248974,0.9865383,0.0013294008,0.003347782,0.007501494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033464315,0.00031162243,0.0008339636,0.000041552434,0.000020947065,0.0004400918,0.000026462,0.001434389,0.9170304,0.00057496177,0.07919789,0.000054252403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010332041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029665963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010799095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053642795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011005098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036126494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318541489","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4343183","title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Hybrid Ultrafiltration Membranes with Silver Loaded Mof-5 for Enhanced Permeation, Antifouling and Antibiofouling Performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Permeation; Materials science; Fluoride; Fabrication; Chemical engineering; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.007648465436158045,"score_gpt":0.2192787654744203,"score_spread":0.21163030003826225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318541489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825851,0.0010245148,0.015192608,0.00007433212,0.0000406142,0.00004356952,0.00028447984,0.0001897151,0.0005650224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770914,0.0006064303,0.02010947,0.000059163736,0.000011279822,0.000057790014,0.0003686192,0.00002731635,0.0016685447],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997713,0.000014810328,0.000025272098,0.000056212564,0.00008409961,0.000048277165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998703,0.000021896782,0.000042319887,0.000015166792,0.000036221183,0.000014098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036703068,0.00031515976,0.00030913219,0.00030859068,0.00029428944,0.00036951195,0.00039364162,0.00076191116,0.00040274183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029133254,0.00022616402,0.0005458411,0.00026019834,0.0001746742,0.0003512122,0.0001682674,0.00038313487,0.00021799667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012218886,0.000008457481,0.000056737947,0.000021231996,0.0000039717024,0.00002310552,0.000008894236,0.000048778173,0.99921155,0.000024345434,0.000011290281,0.0005693924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021352796,0.00005135968,0.0012377213,0.0000019551233,0.000007797303,0.00004938713,0.000007742115,0.0005417291,0.997661,0.00000904409,0.0004256422,0.0000043894984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013047577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002369138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013047577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042266984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021228817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030667186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319443554","doi":"10.3390/molecules28041559","title":"Removal of Nutrients from Water Using Biosurfactant Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Nutrient; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018944387113285017,"score_gpt":0.24226951143416817,"score_spread":0.22332512432088314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319443554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9392094,0.00457915,0.05402849,0.00018684339,0.000064761596,0.00010617412,0.00024582198,0.00033317172,0.0012462047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967694,0.002752131,0.027288623,0.00008713951,0.000015859176,0.00007420966,0.0002583506,0.000040911673,0.0017888608],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997354,0.000046496792,0.000024003486,0.00006241893,0.00009307473,0.00003864212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992585,0.000012019854,0.00003152924,0.0000047868566,0.000018511164,0.000007214482],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028742652,0.00097488274,0.00047746915,0.00028159987,0.00016557144,0.00037328425,0.000297318,0.00048401995,0.00023172794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000248592,0.00015842052,0.00053407956,0.00023442107,0.00018913475,0.0005735939,0.000367904,0.00037571733,0.00019337241],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013660589,0.0000076511615,0.00004060698,0.000036978614,0.00000391844,0.000016246377,0.0000053760605,0.00006341109,0.99793637,0.000027812295,0.000011599651,0.0018363171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026635416,0.000070685346,0.0003556207,0.0000025643112,0.0000062534373,0.00004346334,0.000004668237,0.00066783,0.99803144,0.000015138364,0.0007935791,0.000006193168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010928769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00125572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010928769,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037206334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022920492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002699554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320000085","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88510-2.00009-9","title":"High-rate anaerobic processes for agro-food wastewater treatment: recent trends and advancements","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada); Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; High energy; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Medicine; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.028207940738643227,"score_gpt":0.24951533443597754,"score_spread":0.22130739369733432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320000085","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012611142,0.8889285,0.017675607,0.0012626504,0.001447923,0.000034584824,0.0002164229,0.0002142498,0.07760902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.026529787,0.8202954,0.016885579,0.0005449039,0.0010791873,0.000036024645,0.0005632239,0.00012044032,0.13394551],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983287,0.0000141263545,0.000009424739,0.000028924536,0.0000988205,0.000015816979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989104,0.00004700583,0.000013178052,0.000005727449,0.00003426106,0.000008731568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040282708,0.00061532966,0.0004506542,0.0009741571,0.00016858571,0.0017496329,0.0006376645,0.00063689006,0.00936414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018226822,0.0002601604,0.00041213952,0.0026223925,0.0002386634,0.0019386128,0.00051123864,0.0007134108,0.005234733],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104636994,0.00017887038,0.0002051203,0.0033952212,0.000026204241,0.00012178862,0.000069410264,0.00078673556,0.06768334,0.007453164,0.011986845,0.9079887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011755989,0.0002160043,0.0012906881,0.00054849137,0.000051295436,0.0006605865,0.00008869034,0.00183663,0.036058936,0.0048373044,0.95436776,0.000031894135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046144528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012578155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00936414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036663027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046392306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.031326115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320017885","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2436/1/012013","title":"Effect of pressure and cross-flow velocity on membrane behaviour in red wine nanofiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Winemaking; Chemistry; Wine; Permeation; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01451955356555618,"score_gpt":0.27487865253248905,"score_spread":0.2603590989669329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320017885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975867,0.0008101389,0.0010884271,0.000046003715,0.000019363124,0.00001679883,0.00008384658,0.000046338846,0.00030234535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99790275,0.0005680872,0.0010803028,0.000030514111,0.000008216624,0.000017545053,0.0000902495,0.000015990105,0.00028637692],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966264,0.00010295702,0.000038157654,0.00005261936,0.00007649175,0.00006714367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988846,0.00068075495,0.00018726975,0.00003710433,0.00012939598,0.00008080322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073558826,0.00052964955,0.0003284546,0.00029294103,0.00022013632,0.0005000808,0.00021647778,0.00070369244,0.0005304509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013178788,0.00025918122,0.0003353722,0.0003048091,0.00020134963,0.00053341314,0.000196467,0.00051966833,0.00023102376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005212752,0.00009176675,0.0009212628,0.00008732619,0.000015737005,0.00009053482,0.00011011118,0.00054282905,0.9946532,0.000043116004,0.000031898377,0.0028909985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012052576,0.00064012327,0.005591429,0.000016196424,0.000024055857,0.00005828909,0.00004199627,0.0023479161,0.9909402,0.000015323138,0.00030184502,0.000010514228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010771361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005987358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010771361,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003397522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021876144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038901567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320018734","doi":"10.3808/jei.202300486","title":"Multifunctional PVDF Membrane Coated with ZnO-Ag Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: Factorial and Mechanism Analyses","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Calgary; University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.028122718646990095,"score_gpt":0.26417720077818485,"score_spread":0.23605448213119476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320018734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97633547,0.002483803,0.02015192,0.000106867745,0.000036479087,0.000059561862,0.00014898952,0.000089357796,0.00058767287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98346967,0.0014133417,0.013909231,0.00003092417,0.000009644654,0.000046389752,0.00011446611,0.000013982738,0.0009923326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998286,0.000019370953,0.000012685658,0.000037853817,0.00007094484,0.000030571166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999223,0.000015098322,0.000019989975,0.000005560855,0.00002933979,0.000007740447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027604867,0.00033964065,0.0004160796,0.00027630723,0.00018291552,0.00030178105,0.00024807465,0.00055196625,0.00029034182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023166588,0.00016695003,0.00063810433,0.00024338132,0.00015638654,0.00048795665,0.00015926611,0.00035452913,0.000117375224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003341741,0.000017728753,0.00012760382,0.000047430716,0.000005189211,0.000016418684,0.000005666434,0.00008231842,0.99854505,0.00003240079,0.000007256048,0.0010794553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004602155,0.000084618856,0.0008440452,0.0000019086474,0.000015224764,0.00004788193,0.000009639123,0.0012401248,0.99737835,0.000025369782,0.00034439683,0.000003828051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090394623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011096013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090394623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029674708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015741405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002153039},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320527633","doi":"10.1061/joeedu.eeeng-7070","title":"Comparing Sedimentation, Flotation, and In-Line Pretreatment for Low-Pressure Membrane Fouling Reduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Flocculation; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane; Water treatment; Dissolved air flotation; Coagulation; Sedimentation; Membrane technology; Turbidity; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012754384773149652,"score_gpt":0.22956244441043253,"score_spread":0.21680805963728286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320527633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881738,0.0034555376,0.006297678,0.00008133054,0.00008151394,0.00007348709,0.00010721122,0.000047862577,0.001681599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823705,0.0036235705,0.0113663785,0.000094637384,0.00004438396,0.00005672763,0.0003218575,0.000027651584,0.0020941978],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959284,0.00007866481,0.00003960868,0.000071017865,0.00015623165,0.00006171946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996803,0.00007433485,0.000076536955,0.000023025272,0.00011348815,0.000032392705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038587686,0.000525762,0.00043407836,0.0003903474,0.0002961606,0.00036891765,0.00022953951,0.00044223532,0.0008500771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060201634,0.00012122648,0.000632083,0.00029514954,0.00015138264,0.0004487132,0.00021598999,0.00043771102,0.00020722489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017991774,0.00017289406,0.001227061,0.0003905284,0.00005509382,0.00004657687,0.000041370502,0.00034832253,0.9835269,0.00007500344,0.000089272806,0.0138470065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013514175,0.001595104,0.0101703545,0.000012701266,0.0001126373,0.00013608113,0.000055326112,0.0014561402,0.9834161,0.000040334988,0.002975859,0.000015824719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014755304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028597387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014755304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036426523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037632458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029338598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321133745","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103570","title":"Performance evaluation of a pilot-scale membrane filtration system for oily wastewater treatment: CFD modeling and scale-up design","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Pilot plant; Aeration; Inlet; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane fouling; Desalination; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Engineering","score_opus":0.04242252808075791,"score_gpt":0.2536453340039625,"score_spread":0.21122280592320458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321133745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99418443,0.00012253516,0.004846721,0.00005355749,0.000012380417,0.000071227536,0.0001128638,0.00008449739,0.00051190547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961867,0.000100166326,0.0030729612,0.000009971098,0.0000023095854,0.000041850613,0.000066672554,0.000008348519,0.0005111443],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983644,0.000034362296,0.000013656559,0.000027861954,0.000060622027,0.00002691803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980146,0.00007405218,0.000018038683,0.000016391126,0.000070038084,0.00002010034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003706503,0.0004194889,0.0007100374,0.00025196513,0.0007072675,0.00053743133,0.00052241725,0.00075285183,0.00086464407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005545134,0.00021765025,0.00053233886,0.00022329774,0.00024071468,0.00044046895,0.00025554505,0.00034374377,0.00020122623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016816307,0.0015231109,0.0045551164,0.00035765863,0.00005737757,0.00021977208,0.00013521363,0.08400539,0.8760926,0.000267021,0.00036119742,0.030743796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002592043,0.00525596,0.010639402,0.000012825298,0.00011014364,0.00010130896,0.000119113436,0.26223078,0.71971995,0.00015120997,0.001346369,0.00005377585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010133521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061309347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010133521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009699437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083797664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020149112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321193469","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2023.100063","title":"Polymer membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration: Recent progress, challenges and perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Consortium national de formation en santé, Volet Université d'Ottawa; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polymer; Materials science; Synthetic membrane; Nanotechnology; Polyimide; Polymer science; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03270461650710411,"score_gpt":0.27424836529241803,"score_spread":0.24154374878531393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321193469","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0039916895,0.984135,0.0057390444,0.0019753787,0.0003238269,0.000013461004,0.000027300719,0.000043986456,0.0037502407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018540787,0.9735449,0.005546025,0.00047259842,0.0003876789,0.000018153958,0.00004852162,0.000013815136,0.0014275702],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964964,0.000078908975,0.000029154839,0.00006424621,0.00013192128,0.000046039226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994979,0.0002591007,0.00006307915,0.0000163636,0.00013164751,0.000031884443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016361168,0.000574784,0.0005543705,0.0007884676,0.0003665927,0.0013786395,0.00043733945,0.0011165029,0.0019583409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006289908,0.00027721465,0.00040945603,0.0010039428,0.00052154955,0.0029773302,0.0007675085,0.00133535,0.00096339127],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013560467,0.00023003556,0.00083315227,0.018635537,0.00008982654,0.0006166871,0.00036539295,0.0028268897,0.13573784,0.036893476,0.011259856,0.79237574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017712746,0.00062929303,0.0010982467,0.0016694686,0.00008917395,0.0014230488,0.00044673204,0.003775263,0.075330816,0.012197605,0.9032292,0.00009344476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036171864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007941358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019583409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057356193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00076565664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008652747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321374839","doi":"10.3390/membranes13020245","title":"Incorporation of Functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) into Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Nanofiltration Membranes for Water Softening","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Halloysite; Chemical engineering; Permeance; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Polymer; Permeation","score_opus":0.01721715564171912,"score_gpt":0.2455866079783812,"score_spread":0.22836945233666206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321374839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916155,0.0006477142,0.006745309,0.000047211026,0.000031545147,0.000038630275,0.00008232312,0.00010183674,0.0006899098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883433,0.0005561273,0.009827714,0.000042823445,0.000013990015,0.00003549139,0.000113206945,0.000029156385,0.0010381747],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998869,0.000017004062,0.000012187655,0.000031435597,0.000031698743,0.00002084063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998586,0.00003835414,0.00004061716,0.000011118833,0.000033143744,0.000018066092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017374166,0.0004254263,0.00027538883,0.00020071784,0.00015902072,0.00022520432,0.00020843485,0.00043770892,0.0004196349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021642147,0.00017165582,0.0003239043,0.00009406567,0.00019194324,0.0003409984,0.00019505681,0.000341519,0.00019309108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070497404,0.0000026654952,0.000025991483,0.000013118651,0.0000017579866,0.000010504634,0.0000031889144,0.000027384727,0.9996792,0.000008706055,0.0000028689383,0.00021749373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016290467,0.00005822582,0.00035861233,0.0000022034085,0.000005648865,0.000033022414,0.000006331082,0.00031295433,0.9989697,0.0000069250627,0.0002425241,0.0000023061175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039911683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000995569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00043770892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002687561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012133137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001949966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321597248","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00229-x","title":"Electrohydrodynamic atomization of CNT on PTFE membrane for scaling resistant membranes in membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Desalination; Scanning electron microscope; Concentration polarization; Coating; Electrohydrodynamics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013643658022728279,"score_gpt":0.24738561046778426,"score_spread":0.233741952445056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321597248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880783,0.00061289384,0.010128945,0.00010793558,0.000045338402,0.000033322667,0.000052123207,0.00007336389,0.00086783327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891522,0.00039045047,0.009179707,0.000029038363,0.000011737976,0.000016256829,0.000053157684,0.000017454158,0.0011500673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991024,0.000010102846,0.0000047883486,0.000016825854,0.000045299625,0.0000127535095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990857,0.00002218253,0.000023778053,0.000011078806,0.000025109744,0.000009281812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012484785,0.00021047167,0.00016119436,0.000116439034,0.00017495357,0.00018970332,0.00018616594,0.0002793089,0.00053365674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019216683,0.00010620533,0.00018817939,0.000077074044,0.00016079893,0.00030719317,0.0001478014,0.00029987094,0.0001789353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008211243,0.0000043106775,0.00003742066,0.000009573776,0.0000011764827,0.000022617418,0.000005808522,0.000042763542,0.9992016,0.00003048479,0.000009446468,0.00062665256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020438285,0.00003299088,0.00040231424,8.055268e-7,0.000001777588,0.000042280368,0.00000571213,0.00076870614,0.99822336,0.000008481198,0.0005098068,0.000001757383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040651925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083290046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053365674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018949849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011973505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017852783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321615651","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2023.1095920","title":"Biochar as a novel technology for treatment of onsite domestic wastewater: A critical review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Wastewater; Sanitation; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Contamination; Carbonization; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Pyrolysis; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.040848495136342505,"score_gpt":0.3346776388574491,"score_spread":0.2938291437211066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321615651","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00023186371,0.9985203,0.00024715142,0.00022025414,0.00024414578,0.000008404065,0.000013985959,0.000004703731,0.00050908036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009931471,0.998178,0.00027831382,0.00012765282,0.00013125355,0.000008261831,0.000021538825,0.000001544035,0.00026027067],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995597,0.00006812024,0.00007298525,0.00008767406,0.00016676373,0.000044658198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990356,0.00048717685,0.00013494112,0.000021337697,0.0002622511,0.000058747566],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001165537,0.0012402583,0.0015183953,0.0031548354,0.0004563298,0.0015769993,0.0010330367,0.0016163844,0.0028578574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010500237,0.0004743487,0.0012142516,0.0033821852,0.00060658134,0.001988218,0.00075597124,0.0016342516,0.0009756214],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012049659,0.00019616174,0.00045483047,0.09812085,0.00024769042,0.0004270969,0.00020097777,0.001604789,0.009011091,0.0065362686,0.022116534,0.8609633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001397018,0.00037153583,0.0013438765,0.011167376,0.00046873392,0.0012554943,0.0001922884,0.00048637346,0.0035315412,0.002352811,0.9787603,0.00005562338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00194902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020257516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031548354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008064178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021664929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009560525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322576236","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-823874-5.00014-0","title":"Integrating ecofriendly nanomaterials with deep-bed filtration for cleaning up industrial wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Flocculation; Suspended solids; Effluent; Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Microfiltration; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.03363259464890981,"score_gpt":0.24181512762743837,"score_spread":0.20818253297852857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322576236","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15684932,0.17266612,0.22979483,0.0018597336,0.002737417,0.00021419831,0.00082794426,0.002406883,0.43264365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.17240305,0.09043207,0.10953512,0.0012858355,0.00045289606,0.00014691518,0.0007461434,0.00043510308,0.62456286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992883,0.0000041270287,0.0000029907692,0.000013298944,0.000043539363,0.0000072053585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999979,0.0000067971705,0.000002505457,0.0000022473703,0.0000075834428,0.0000018134234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098389166,0.00059226435,0.0002774542,0.00034266664,0.00020323155,0.0007502747,0.00037795954,0.0006252025,0.004039524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000064855696,0.00026577656,0.00040703596,0.00044527446,0.00012785802,0.0007398926,0.0004386611,0.0006664323,0.002604244],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027669314,0.000095449155,0.000073063464,0.000512435,0.000011117599,0.00014067485,0.000052054016,0.0008018725,0.80456793,0.0039697955,0.0040358407,0.18571211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006643134,0.00021171688,0.0008070176,0.00015104628,0.00003297095,0.00063679455,0.000042595413,0.0024728782,0.6738261,0.003787258,0.31800207,0.000022968625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036454125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013266898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004039524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028179862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017641312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013513565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322775929","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c06794","title":"Development of Superpermeable Wood-Based Forward Osmosis Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Membrane; Glutaraldehyde; Vinyl alcohol; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Kraft paper; Polymer chemistry; Layer by layer; Composite material; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.007738696638527055,"score_gpt":0.20376345161165443,"score_spread":0.19602475497312738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322775929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90939397,0.003608137,0.08384123,0.00022543693,0.000085859014,0.000084227184,0.00028256152,0.00045471944,0.002023859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9487125,0.0025381572,0.04521593,0.000107360574,0.000023290739,0.00008498689,0.00025504443,0.000030132638,0.0030325141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987173,0.000015916907,0.000010670026,0.000028274602,0.000040537438,0.00003282906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998709,0.000022918315,0.00004584155,0.000007927295,0.000029724366,0.000022630797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022023162,0.00041508523,0.0002721829,0.00019731084,0.00012755394,0.00030031355,0.00038189796,0.00055294886,0.00035936764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021831426,0.00020064073,0.0003486242,0.0001528629,0.00014883223,0.00064086006,0.00031773016,0.0005198781,0.00029375713],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060918815,0.0000047173235,0.00003941496,0.00003202141,0.0000025387862,0.00003259119,0.000006846368,0.000061956416,0.9985191,0.00011257677,0.0000172262,0.0011650218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026566413,0.000029128856,0.0003177904,0.000002581913,0.0000047334056,0.00007623253,0.0000069310986,0.0007269454,0.99767166,0.000023716579,0.0011329664,0.000004606051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029762826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051286834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00055294886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027174028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019165613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019716024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323048282","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162569","title":"Membrane processes for environmental remediation of nanomaterials: Potentials and challenges","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Nanomaterials; Nanofiltration; Environmental remediation; Groundwater remediation; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Contamination","score_opus":0.06427032937748649,"score_gpt":0.2806881726964538,"score_spread":0.2164178433189673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323048282","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011335246,0.998664,0.0001956201,0.00024436312,0.00011863227,0.0000030527387,0.000014763115,0.000004566283,0.0006416081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005702126,0.9985789,0.00024509444,0.00010963916,0.00007491072,0.000003953578,0.000017273376,0.0000010371115,0.00039895443],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970406,0.000045944533,0.000027442795,0.000051764782,0.00013317143,0.00003769949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995716,0.00019881391,0.000059035658,0.000014562018,0.00012822835,0.000027784163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010471536,0.0011483495,0.0019003286,0.0023304306,0.00034108557,0.0015874042,0.001026328,0.0017597174,0.0032249542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000739464,0.00033860898,0.0007277636,0.0031554895,0.0005249495,0.002181781,0.00093936507,0.0019499246,0.0018257623],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085584084,0.000117057345,0.00013655184,0.028279712,0.00013798659,0.00020682559,0.00006649118,0.0007653588,0.009275408,0.008309543,0.018502008,0.93411756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013930776,0.00011459848,0.00046954694,0.004169535,0.00015519554,0.00060144666,0.00007938323,0.00021763486,0.002520317,0.0030679116,0.9885606,0.00002990729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016437811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036436059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032249542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008277683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016506417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0107886195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323064169","doi":"10.1007/978-981-19-9176-9","title":"Membranes for Water Treatment and Remediation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Materials horizons","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Contamination","score_opus":0.02323560065109015,"score_gpt":0.24732697429012918,"score_spread":0.22409137363903903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323064169","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000626848,0.027735254,0.024057502,0.0019539986,0.0025708966,0.00009992663,0.00069240615,0.0006325062,0.9416308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011693785,0.008995142,0.0056798095,0.00043532997,0.00017712018,0.000040695973,0.0002863692,0.00019608802,0.9830201],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999683,0.000019653859,0.000006126264,0.000027242217,0.00024546517,0.000018548757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990344,0.00003120469,0.000005001271,0.000011853954,0.00003844038,0.0000101551905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031000996,0.0010832389,0.000711612,0.0017473765,0.00083659723,0.0024310688,0.0010063987,0.0014428721,0.09447582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037152745,0.00050038664,0.00047002846,0.0017428785,0.00049826346,0.0034557462,0.0012522002,0.0018778525,0.069009356],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027339358,0.0000563998,0.000032155534,0.00037532105,0.00000701956,0.00008851104,0.00009697175,0.00043083986,0.008310494,0.07061111,0.5169273,0.40303648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018839689,0.00000674288,0.000042423133,0.0000693201,0.0000022881059,0.00008575644,0.000017662027,0.0002682273,0.0014983614,0.008512918,0.98949,0.0000044210683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025600137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008417215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09447582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011366983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009813822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3160531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323353270","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.03.005","title":"Predicting and evaluating the performance of DCMD: The effect of non-ideal morphology and thermal conductivity of porous nanocomposite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thermal conductivity; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Nanocomposite; Porosity; Composite material; Particle (ecology); Heat flux; Phase (matter); Heat transfer; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012307906761035681,"score_gpt":0.24798153318050084,"score_spread":0.23567362641946515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323353270","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932027,0.00019420551,0.00599792,0.000026656837,0.0000049068035,0.00000982693,0.00009533688,0.000058686415,0.00040973612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99780875,0.00009069231,0.0018797431,0.000003730656,0.0000011808894,0.0000052203254,0.00005738058,0.0000040951404,0.00014925437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998448,0.00002319921,0.000011245109,0.00004053236,0.000059207203,0.000020956402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960953,0.0002262567,0.000047045105,0.0000323356,0.000067127236,0.000017727609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004955239,0.00037057608,0.00027756693,0.0002511231,0.00018714569,0.00045742077,0.00030756532,0.0005900166,0.00033595908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011564576,0.00015512371,0.00024481845,0.00017938115,0.00017739719,0.0004660646,0.00021378786,0.0002903274,0.00015677622],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00071822986,0.00028934993,0.016439859,0.0001939995,0.000053321528,0.00011124093,0.000049047056,0.17785943,0.7849832,0.00041605395,0.00012121863,0.018765023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006936093,0.00020400848,0.003617834,0.0000036272252,0.0000147219025,0.000027453714,0.00001579053,0.39495862,0.60090154,0.000084372805,0.00015355491,0.000011516146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002876099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024665277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002876099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045224818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028125805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005718708},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323568076","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121572","title":"High-performance zwitterionic membranes via an adhesive prebiotic chemistry-inspired coating strategy: A demonstration in dye/salt fractionation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"China Scholarship Council; KU Leuven; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Methacrylate; Polymer chemistry; Fractionation; Salt (chemistry); Coating; Copolymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01644225173417438,"score_gpt":0.2615474446344964,"score_spread":0.24510519290032204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323568076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97108275,0.0017845695,0.023031149,0.0003286195,0.0000930824,0.00006501267,0.00017558596,0.00023993758,0.003199267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778546,0.0017365578,0.015820982,0.00014307187,0.000025906658,0.000034055156,0.00012906866,0.000047973554,0.00420785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998642,0.000014013093,0.000006288956,0.000026480902,0.00005254837,0.000036378995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999219,0.0000151762415,0.000018574257,0.00000912149,0.000019825911,0.000015350624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026469422,0.0005529396,0.00020785297,0.00015529405,0.00023059596,0.00033341223,0.00038674488,0.00066985143,0.0007040208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000179029,0.00020434258,0.00024341496,0.00017708438,0.00019111215,0.0004087495,0.00042153973,0.0006204448,0.0004238211],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000641127,0.0000048068687,0.000014432927,0.000014416997,0.0000018538086,0.000021317894,0.0000092061955,0.00001597875,0.9990884,0.00006653369,0.000034768877,0.0007218887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001941051,0.00003086631,0.00015833127,9.967407e-7,0.000003303852,0.000037753547,0.000005452022,0.00037126787,0.998723,0.000014373441,0.00064988504,0.000002841571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073624647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012531285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00073624647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024406705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022419289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023551583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324015319","doi":"10.3166/acsm.32.141-158","title":"Plasma processes for membranes modification or manufacture","year":2007,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Plasma; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.07374912202410777,"score_gpt":0.3302497004232197,"score_spread":0.25650057839911194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324015319","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15998653,0.20317388,0.47069946,0.008994572,0.005667429,0.000763056,0.0020722284,0.0032503202,0.14539263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5855268,0.0957125,0.17486924,0.0023487522,0.0017781984,0.0007515595,0.0021901717,0.00066336314,0.13615939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995907,0.000050452934,0.000017593915,0.000065664746,0.00023343711,0.00004212551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999864,0.000044585395,0.000019360186,0.00003759486,0.00002817514,0.0000063669772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046631903,0.0005700592,0.0005345163,0.00060441665,0.000527207,0.0006824287,0.00071207434,0.0012259131,0.008058057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047355946,0.00038976656,0.00049516174,0.00060630793,0.00053169666,0.0013887759,0.00093744544,0.001814253,0.004042462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024015261,0.00006966925,0.00019312231,0.0018545162,0.000046430534,0.00040825747,0.00024980566,0.0005416632,0.7619283,0.033417884,0.010764264,0.19028592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032334006,0.00020482218,0.00071234204,0.000077286364,0.000028475044,0.0008366117,0.000046836016,0.0010809104,0.76659924,0.010704419,0.21965335,0.00002328134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019049649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022766832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008058057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004161373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024182531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026956916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327559586","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2023.112554","title":"Improved adsorption desalination performance of DUT-67 by incorporating Graphene Oxide (GO)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Postal Museum; Djavad Mowafaghian Foundation; Huazhong University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Adsorption; Desalination; Materials science; Graphene; Mass transfer; Oxide; Composite number; Composite material; Coefficient of performance; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.008400794338146599,"score_gpt":0.2180775148123864,"score_spread":0.2096767204742398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4327559586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969893,0.0005977441,0.0012849186,0.00004445945,0.000018397439,0.000005929527,0.000092003866,0.00005630776,0.0009110177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99617434,0.00046117086,0.0009966721,0.000023429257,0.0000034633706,0.0000037249074,0.00015013735,0.000012369284,0.0021747553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999243,0.0000043478567,0.000003969308,0.000010219369,0.000024640347,0.000032550575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997544,0.000004408653,0.000004246716,0.0000021268934,0.000008985052,0.0000048195725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080917314,0.00033092542,0.00020518112,0.00020198397,0.00015018728,0.00019442715,0.00019621689,0.00028971137,0.00082159723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080311096,0.0001390085,0.00019575401,0.00017208059,0.000085588974,0.00030572937,0.00019230778,0.00035003692,0.0003415141],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033234006,0.000006542123,0.00007892259,0.000025108628,0.0000027300514,0.000022216176,0.000010390391,0.00005627845,0.99831104,0.00003197885,0.000026802783,0.0013947189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.662679e-7,0.000017835753,0.0002848462,9.751332e-7,0.0000036943484,0.000010733111,0.000006830616,0.00030095916,0.99907994,0.0000029050195,0.00028857932,0.0000019733372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026005248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056609334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026005248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020923011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020675024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005170822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360786817","doi":"10.37867/te1402169","title":"A REVIEW: WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF FOOD INDUSTRY BY SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Towards Excellence","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Population; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Reuse; Effluent; Business; Environmental science; Engineering; Natural resource economics; Economics","score_opus":0.01619759458576445,"score_gpt":0.24528732036539885,"score_spread":0.2290897257796344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4360786817","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00025099324,0.9949169,0.00032125003,0.00048785526,0.0012512973,0.000027734435,0.000084231106,0.000022373963,0.002637396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008425325,0.99615026,0.0003607901,0.0003909121,0.00056548824,0.000020579511,0.00012052968,0.000004093089,0.0015449574],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945325,0.00007372886,0.000100592675,0.00009415767,0.00022116011,0.00005721751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950063,0.00015343653,0.00009859689,0.000018699546,0.0001819782,0.000046604615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005090308,0.0016790815,0.0019699868,0.0038494861,0.00053342304,0.0021168604,0.0012195493,0.001576134,0.010143292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00081877963,0.000373853,0.0010782039,0.00483615,0.00045103213,0.002538945,0.00095404836,0.001606902,0.004314932],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117498,0.00017164864,0.00027365412,0.11270204,0.00024963394,0.0005280967,0.00013716173,0.0005903797,0.005868942,0.003941118,0.1427091,0.73271066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009093052,0.00008599834,0.0004950834,0.0055962913,0.00013276996,0.0008519737,0.000057042627,0.00007568764,0.00078733504,0.000701623,0.99118304,0.000024060351],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010359752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015756703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010143292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007708369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017074107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.033932626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361228888","doi":"10.1002/adma.202301011","title":"Space‐Confined Metal Ion Strategy for Carbon Materials Derived from Cobalt Benzimidazole Frameworks with High Desalination Performance in Simulated Seawater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Desalination; Cobalt; Seawater; Benzimidazole; Carbon fibers; Chemical engineering; Metal; Metal-organic framework; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Adsorption; Membrane; Composite material; Oceanography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014105933140228184,"score_gpt":0.2537531010903094,"score_spread":0.23964716795008123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361228888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99550503,0.00046560026,0.0023966744,0.00005529923,0.000015723663,0.00001799211,0.000103973915,0.00011213179,0.001327589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977857,0.0001320873,0.0014315145,0.000009859715,0.0000024081085,0.000011297094,0.000057618614,0.000008215449,0.0005614567],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999492,0.0000033048093,0.0000023500113,0.000013192348,0.000016063443,0.000015858166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995506,0.0000060273424,0.000012614428,0.000004248586,0.0000116625,0.000010321431],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053140764,0.0003257829,0.00014212551,0.00018239043,0.00018234,0.0002335176,0.00035317335,0.00027408206,0.0005974353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010761646,0.000112927286,0.00012909388,0.00016118775,0.00015967332,0.00020871665,0.00020232708,0.00023785177,0.00014158296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031898584,0.000010181846,0.000067609595,0.000032180116,0.000002425068,0.00003626084,0.00001298254,0.0001814675,0.99826235,0.00012832666,0.000036121608,0.00119829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062344466,0.000054517466,0.0006050211,0.0000015971336,0.0000036933225,0.000029685301,0.000011700451,0.0013435517,0.9973253,0.000013120678,0.000601003,0.0000046775813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023952296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061990065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023952296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045168892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001782606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047625303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361293626","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.03.048","title":"On performance and anti-fouling properties of double-skinned thin film nanocomposite hollow fiber membranes in forward osmosis system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Persian Gulf University; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Membrane; Concentration polarization; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Polyamide; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Polymer; Monomer","score_opus":0.014155927981968372,"score_gpt":0.20079908789187448,"score_spread":0.1866431599099061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361293626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99572563,0.0013334621,0.0025033897,0.000032198324,0.000015279675,0.0000074545987,0.000037791455,0.000029820329,0.00031508214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99452955,0.0010355962,0.0036488292,0.000024552226,0.000007752641,0.000012085819,0.00007433537,0.0000087175085,0.0006586399],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984634,0.000016330167,0.000013795883,0.000037572336,0.00005871372,0.00002717432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998529,0.000022641701,0.000036149086,0.00000810837,0.00006463764,0.000015636733],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018718746,0.00034312528,0.0002785972,0.0001769512,0.00014183011,0.00021604291,0.00021073932,0.00042755174,0.00023464223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023999717,0.00012469676,0.00033636673,0.00013306452,0.0001104555,0.00038889179,0.00016725884,0.00026402657,0.00011832695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033786357,0.000009123139,0.000070875896,0.0000375455,0.000003655823,0.000024678631,0.000008189901,0.00008077879,0.9988531,0.000010430792,0.00000734884,0.0008604091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001534504,0.00009963283,0.0005069198,0.0000023654593,0.000007299098,0.00004442727,0.0000070343513,0.00061298994,0.9985201,0.0000037194168,0.00019070094,0.0000032709868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007652638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092253654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007652638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022777056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012724914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016525388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362553668","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138593","title":"UV-LED silicon carbide composite photocatalytic membrane reactor for the degradation of organic contaminants","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Photocatalysis; Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Silicon carbide; Humic acid; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Catalysis; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017759933709130548,"score_gpt":0.24840560295999436,"score_spread":0.23064566925086383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362553668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846299,0.0035272685,0.008708826,0.00016906612,0.00007272595,0.000024130586,0.00013629252,0.00019324316,0.0025385583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902998,0.0011049192,0.0046229996,0.000044465334,0.000012430448,0.0000128864685,0.00008779896,0.000015021577,0.0037997018],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998982,0.000010559471,0.000004231774,0.00002151576,0.000045100405,0.000020371974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995923,0.000010574306,0.0000050430326,0.00000261149,0.000013944645,0.000008627138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015025862,0.00021755001,0.00027612183,0.0001931883,0.00034433117,0.00030629945,0.00034660584,0.00043002653,0.00080199307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010306624,0.00015344354,0.0002981787,0.00017334336,0.00012602302,0.00024253328,0.00022782163,0.0005664369,0.00036927566],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059683392,0.000028913702,0.000077396486,0.000053604184,0.0000055860673,0.000018390712,0.00000902803,0.00010167913,0.9964994,0.000048972168,0.000086560176,0.003010865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070838073,0.00007377007,0.0006062,0.0000023532984,0.000009252933,0.000031467694,0.00001042533,0.0015719082,0.99692386,0.000012256098,0.00074808754,0.0000033125802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021014363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056030047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021014363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004899486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006398189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004178405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362580627","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00289-5","title":"Treatment of laundry wastewater using extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Espace pour la vie; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Alum; Flocculation; Laundry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Turbidity; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Food science; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09352629172353254,"score_gpt":0.33509303869749135,"score_spread":0.2415667469739588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362580627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932295,0.002215799,0.003030889,0.00016034531,0.000028412078,0.000053380616,0.00015291186,0.00006378236,0.0010648766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855106,0.0016553397,0.008357468,0.00011763246,0.0000087412145,0.000018715697,0.00033743627,0.000014864855,0.0039792033],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988186,0.000019434789,0.000009267492,0.00001729049,0.000042763288,0.000029319415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999149,0.000010587317,0.000016022284,0.0000036767112,0.00003896006,0.000015914951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016664992,0.0005413709,0.00033822164,0.00023268018,0.00024632842,0.00041287584,0.00023283753,0.00034086112,0.0007134808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014572355,0.00008195159,0.00030858864,0.00020037538,0.00012932427,0.0001557159,0.00020982887,0.00029567903,0.00019113129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026612497,0.000025511525,0.00050048064,0.00011081004,0.000007083457,0.00005844226,0.000008619296,0.00014354305,0.9952331,0.0000074356217,0.000045478213,0.0038329235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009387154,0.0003581966,0.011251203,0.000024202483,0.000028156133,0.00014453543,0.00006726831,0.0014034327,0.9840119,0.000012603266,0.002680476,0.000008573233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.031492203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0785831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031492203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007456679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060955994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06261778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362665745","doi":"10.3390/en16073292","title":"Financial, Economic, and Environmental Analyses of Upgrading Reverse Osmosis Plant Fed with Treated Wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Reuse; Electricity; Environmental science; Pollution; Water scarcity; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Business; Waste management; Water resources; Engineering","score_opus":0.020226693539212217,"score_gpt":0.23204118599893295,"score_spread":0.21181449245972073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362665745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99564654,0.00011035314,0.00018701122,0.000075216136,0.000007013706,0.000023194165,0.00055656757,0.0000049647806,0.0033890996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986314,0.0000929824,0.00014569683,0.0000056675403,0.0000038181065,0.000008116882,0.00031633634,0.000001241498,0.00079479406],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994869,0.00011176525,0.000026406362,0.00004451675,0.00022164834,0.0001086438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888164,0.00040553662,0.00022040802,0.000040256593,0.00035679637,0.000095401236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088982855,0.00042401973,0.00024507326,0.0019616857,0.00044839617,0.0010071113,0.00039558747,0.000515531,0.0017479272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00135809,0.00013310717,0.0007735706,0.0014472696,0.00043038515,0.0009230953,0.0003990546,0.00044379494,0.0001680061],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008629629,0.0024218736,0.36144337,0.00092702283,0.0004305019,0.00677639,0.00025166923,0.39383712,0.08370759,0.011330939,0.0039662383,0.12627771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008741315,0.0045442665,0.789777,0.000058359354,0.00035918193,0.00067951373,0.0015404646,0.13536876,0.059450924,0.0021791956,0.005839082,0.00011588614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007810255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008889948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007810255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034018573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009719835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024682343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362667790","doi":"10.3390/membranes13040413","title":"Evaluation of Surface Properties and Separation Performance of NF and RO Membranes for Phthalates Removal","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Plasticizer; Phthalate; Dibutyl phthalate; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Contact angle; Filtration (mathematics); Solubility; Polyamide; Diethyl phthalate; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06785002429845888,"score_gpt":0.29402797952001014,"score_spread":0.22617795522155126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362667790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99334633,0.0017330121,0.0039385776,0.00005851901,0.000019216606,0.00002402266,0.00022961079,0.000026768637,0.000623979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871243,0.002555431,0.008849764,0.00004977437,0.000013142263,0.00006409443,0.00033261266,0.00001804652,0.0009927677],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969065,0.000045518173,0.000030694166,0.0000538497,0.00012980842,0.00004947623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975115,0.000071838425,0.00005344248,0.000010288343,0.00009803999,0.000015286856],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005427273,0.00044352593,0.000342908,0.00031614353,0.0002334655,0.00025250696,0.00018903468,0.0005211338,0.00036683306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006474831,0.00011808393,0.00050329836,0.00025025356,0.00018140012,0.0005758157,0.00017293659,0.00029790818,0.00013160982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004098363,0.000012497763,0.0003090951,0.00009172455,0.000009260406,0.000026675094,0.00002124488,0.00010146913,0.9977291,0.000025475045,0.000014796944,0.0016176193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032519126,0.00020105904,0.0032608614,0.000008142519,0.000023535087,0.000118331525,0.000048759834,0.0009219796,0.9946372,0.00002060363,0.0007475421,0.000008930569],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014289191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00154082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014289191,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003316591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000195252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028702617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362686236","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202300101","title":"Review on MBR Technologies for Emerging Pollutant Removal from Wastewater and Their Associated Antifouling Strategies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Greywater; Biofouling; Wastewater; Reuse; Blackwater; Wastewater reuse; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.01601277152848121,"score_gpt":0.2407204837967399,"score_spread":0.2247077122682587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362686236","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007139662,0.9956226,0.0008706574,0.00018228697,0.00032632222,0.000020517653,0.000060818114,0.000020192123,0.00218268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0021952665,0.99481994,0.0008539996,0.00021703904,0.00020785061,0.000023298982,0.0000982078,0.0000051261186,0.0015793473],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997285,0.000033695185,0.000043430504,0.000055864024,0.00010158466,0.00003702464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997981,0.00006558661,0.00004997433,0.000008813275,0.000060741808,0.000016792677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042698905,0.0013573458,0.0014073163,0.0023803895,0.00033326098,0.00096822734,0.0008960659,0.000929582,0.003793396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003877052,0.00052687066,0.0009717344,0.0027120202,0.00023486203,0.0015276799,0.0005427248,0.0010214224,0.0021939687],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018757264,0.00026209187,0.0002076525,0.0777967,0.00035236278,0.0005712702,0.00016133235,0.0017264921,0.061920736,0.0065003643,0.03951786,0.81079555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000139589665,0.000247434,0.0006041069,0.0024392793,0.00021437331,0.00073072757,0.000047462545,0.00027009848,0.011296093,0.0009313995,0.9831722,0.00003290112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083913567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011082913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003793396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004331382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083274697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012690127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362704469","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117825","title":"A comprehensive review of coconut-based porous materials for wastewater treatment and CO2 capture","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Adsorption; Environmental science; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Pyrolysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.04250422693622291,"score_gpt":0.30024242146428415,"score_spread":0.25773819452806124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362704469","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00028607505,0.99869883,0.00018524744,0.0000652531,0.00012124067,0.000007961724,0.000039394054,0.000006132163,0.00058978004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010748598,0.9979513,0.00031862853,0.00007287142,0.000064738684,0.000007773085,0.000046529443,0.0000016128655,0.00046174505],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997545,0.000026018886,0.00003973829,0.000040896775,0.000109940884,0.000029054303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996917,0.00013491043,0.00006328318,0.000009656774,0.00007778948,0.00002263982],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061476894,0.0012257945,0.0018035946,0.0032916996,0.00030289686,0.0009789827,0.0008488051,0.00090604543,0.0027633891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00071720436,0.0004576587,0.00089376327,0.003937894,0.000277654,0.0013451703,0.00066135166,0.0010460927,0.00091441197],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011483611,0.00016930052,0.00014269157,0.07219493,0.0003195065,0.00020796891,0.000051340015,0.00061016897,0.013140563,0.0029203743,0.0201287,0.88999957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030165997,0.00037492477,0.0013773008,0.0066886055,0.00062947895,0.00076185336,0.00006166552,0.00027521083,0.006379738,0.00086396496,0.9824923,0.0000645893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014504326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035101806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032916996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043597975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012779793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009244442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362736768","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123845","title":"Heterogeneous electro-Fenton catalytic FeOCl@NCNT/ceramic membrane filtration for in-situ membrane fouling control: Performance and mechanism","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Humic acid; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013247709993265069,"score_gpt":0.25493474210523565,"score_spread":0.24168703211197057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362736768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935416,0.0007018369,0.0048231278,0.000058653502,0.000031246713,0.00001801642,0.000072911906,0.00007201443,0.0006806028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962308,0.0001999709,0.0020939163,0.000025326675,0.000004822786,0.0000074998566,0.0000618037,0.000007883196,0.0013678976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998653,0.000009909885,0.000009132235,0.00002907726,0.000052722866,0.000033845343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992,0.000014161174,0.000019458044,0.000007638826,0.000029350218,0.000009451007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020709571,0.00030548344,0.00026210933,0.00015731367,0.00017191478,0.00021050738,0.00030420467,0.000340572,0.0004912143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020005828,0.00012756526,0.00024960327,0.0001188903,0.00018708094,0.00027370654,0.00015360971,0.00030106006,0.00015911387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049117447,0.000010940547,0.000058190348,0.000033149885,0.0000035481007,0.000013672333,0.000009849897,0.000055452587,0.99870384,0.000026190752,0.000037534308,0.0009984013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002123533,0.000040877385,0.00036093922,6.7741445e-7,0.000004542668,0.000019341971,0.000004810178,0.00045601893,0.9988489,0.000003515146,0.0002560579,0.000002153716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028413583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006417391,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028413583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000401114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022848578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056496263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362736950","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.109888","title":"Fabrication and characterization of poly (vinylidene fluoride) hybrid ultrafiltration membranes with silver loaded MOF-5 for enhanced permeation, antifouling and antibiofouling performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Contact angle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Permeation; Biofouling; Crystallinity; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.005720613797186818,"score_gpt":0.18842015322791655,"score_spread":0.18269953943072972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362736950","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851178,0.0009058908,0.01297182,0.000066091954,0.000036131605,0.000036338977,0.00022722047,0.00015600484,0.00048268467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98152816,0.00049934356,0.016123889,0.00004915169,0.000009290682,0.000045704266,0.0002986256,0.000021101569,0.0014246575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976724,0.000015491658,0.000026944135,0.00005468651,0.00008689192,0.000048776405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998679,0.000021868369,0.000043922428,0.000014975354,0.000037010883,0.000014348986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036271056,0.00029231107,0.0002819233,0.00031216015,0.00027387176,0.00036866235,0.00038299026,0.000713809,0.0003703059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028543058,0.00022880688,0.0005425473,0.00024370363,0.0001691104,0.00035454973,0.00015854034,0.0003479266,0.00018410257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000123256705,0.000008871381,0.000057497768,0.000018994886,0.00000408204,0.000021877744,0.000008091733,0.000047926824,0.99927455,0.00002339684,0.000010278272,0.000512208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024140631,0.00005218886,0.0012808912,0.0000018722212,0.000008330031,0.000045761066,0.0000080821865,0.0006044322,0.99760926,0.00000839105,0.00037405096,0.0000043484556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012459891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023584901,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012459891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042402925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020229159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030765533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365509633","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202213326","title":"Aquaporin‐Based Biomimetic Membranes for Low Energy Water Desalination and Separation Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Portable water purification; Water treatment; Process engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Aquaporin; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015499407406848914,"score_gpt":0.26228945529114267,"score_spread":0.24679004788429376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365509633","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20306551,0.6803228,0.08108253,0.002643515,0.001334304,0.00015229969,0.0007471859,0.0007277102,0.029924111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.63816047,0.3097791,0.03580995,0.0007726944,0.0003067584,0.00013766687,0.00051934866,0.00005020096,0.01446378],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991846,0.000011772005,0.0000067680016,0.000016077967,0.000033329543,0.0000135715045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995434,0.000011959755,0.000010951885,0.0000030369363,0.000015424366,0.0000042645197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019500066,0.00037828684,0.00029828388,0.00039777564,0.00014506059,0.00033633612,0.00020094591,0.0005886898,0.0015132336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014979654,0.0001420101,0.00034513473,0.00037851627,0.00014799967,0.0008090213,0.00030020822,0.0005205852,0.0005945658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062504536,0.000063842876,0.00020292785,0.0033205552,0.000045500045,0.00021203472,0.000037981885,0.001425352,0.89912695,0.008576259,0.0027849718,0.08414101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017471757,0.00035485742,0.0010922614,0.00024406538,0.000072395356,0.0008060647,0.0000777909,0.0056488914,0.73627925,0.003375701,0.25199533,0.00003587852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021222947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034290276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015132336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028753202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021656533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005062282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365814793","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138706","title":"Robust self-cleaning membrane with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity for oil-in-water separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National University's Basic Research Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Superhydrophilicity; Fouling; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Composite number; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Permeation; Composite material; Chemistry; Contact angle; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018436060319334382,"score_gpt":0.22832406167958746,"score_spread":0.2098880013602531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365814793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95263064,0.003294406,0.03822869,0.000635662,0.0001924326,0.00007205508,0.00028697652,0.00042175615,0.0042373915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98412895,0.00084500853,0.011439722,0.00014753951,0.000031379084,0.00004931818,0.00021307272,0.000040460538,0.0031045803],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998274,0.000017110606,0.000012040077,0.00002682645,0.00007255607,0.000044027336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999907,0.0000101554015,0.000021452288,0.000013465171,0.000029855988,0.000018110868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018715265,0.0003523432,0.0003090983,0.00019959795,0.00026977042,0.00036404113,0.00038957567,0.0007381915,0.00090988615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022084417,0.00022756805,0.00036198084,0.00020825546,0.00018741623,0.00060449645,0.0006591891,0.0005814393,0.0005245241],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001547235,0.000015486774,0.000055378932,0.00004124792,0.000007132192,0.000032378546,0.000012164151,0.000075772965,0.997656,0.00025038572,0.00012910133,0.0017095669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055897876,0.00005455868,0.0002928461,0.00000203598,0.000006865492,0.00005634389,0.000012325883,0.001474886,0.996376,0.000067472894,0.0016449149,0.0000062050467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027589474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00064939057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090988615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030540483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002681541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00304389},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366089507","doi":"10.1142/s0218625x23500439","title":"GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC MEMBRANE MODIFIED BY MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface Review and Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Crystallinity; Magnetic nanoparticles; Nanoparticle; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.00949231080766868,"score_gpt":0.21592930649423203,"score_spread":0.20643699568656335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366089507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671993,0.0023893728,0.026016532,0.00017594521,0.00007668364,0.00010235884,0.00045046097,0.0002196251,0.0033696266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9627001,0.0017285241,0.029448317,0.00008481161,0.000017384504,0.00014784088,0.00069278775,0.00009950076,0.0050807483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988234,0.000010653403,0.000009819917,0.000029875786,0.000047181205,0.000020177815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989283,0.000018483,0.000028384133,0.000011032136,0.000039678835,0.000009536707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001479252,0.00028287966,0.00019521457,0.00025972817,0.0001798993,0.0002118284,0.00021123905,0.00047790533,0.0003998337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025528594,0.00013635465,0.00022867952,0.00021099306,0.00012760857,0.00029838172,0.00015127385,0.00032882026,0.00029109238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006264127,0.000004798359,0.00004249114,0.000022525592,0.0000013574024,0.000032318836,0.000010152876,0.000042804928,0.9991027,0.000025743686,0.000010641107,0.000698211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015321491,0.000037337617,0.0005113534,0.0000032978132,0.000004781571,0.00006891516,0.000012155911,0.00050198357,0.99734724,0.00001836512,0.0014904498,0.0000026299106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053878024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007145743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053878024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002007902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001228695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014568567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366528586","doi":"10.1002/cben.202200012","title":"Overview of Fouling – An Industrial Jeopardy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemBioEng Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Biochemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Process engineering; Forensic engineering; Computer science; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.25945627195007515,"score_gpt":0.3675972975796725,"score_spread":0.10814102562959738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366528586","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00061531464,0.98627037,0.0016810782,0.001388967,0.0010703253,0.000011842654,0.00006339415,0.000062866326,0.008835841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00479591,0.9818423,0.002254082,0.0014303543,0.0012889005,0.000022711585,0.0002172306,0.00002871838,0.008119832],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934024,0.00009985036,0.000058380723,0.00012328298,0.00030891766,0.0000693648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938357,0.0001900032,0.00006443563,0.00004555404,0.00025563702,0.0000607891],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009923248,0.0011387847,0.0012312639,0.004136845,0.0006659895,0.002090001,0.0012557494,0.0018621294,0.005025592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00076803786,0.0005763895,0.00061487965,0.003399154,0.0008343979,0.0030776614,0.0013903872,0.0026489533,0.004706686],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012175739,0.00016669487,0.00032698896,0.013365575,0.00006315232,0.0003307393,0.00020310759,0.0014280548,0.010844132,0.035245165,0.086497344,0.8514073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016735935,0.00009264551,0.00026942964,0.0013744627,0.000016497343,0.00039889585,0.000053381853,0.00017158277,0.0013747071,0.0045628776,0.99166906,0.000014806425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013381622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012323986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005025592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012719702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011232327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016812265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366748061","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123831","title":"Controllable construction of ultrathin graphene quantum dots/polyamide nanofilms via electrospray interfacial polymerization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Electrospray; Polyamide; Polymerization; Zeta potential; Quantum dot; Graphene; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Ion","score_opus":0.0077179149168492105,"score_gpt":0.24656095278155554,"score_spread":0.23884303786470634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366748061","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9688996,0.00062852533,0.026759662,0.00012702137,0.000051297047,0.000060605704,0.00028312136,0.0004402423,0.002749925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98509717,0.0002370004,0.013563673,0.000029161652,0.00000689351,0.000035389698,0.00011254002,0.0000374191,0.0008806808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985874,0.000012432036,0.000011219106,0.00004072146,0.00004833792,0.000028451268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998963,0.000026452144,0.00003167091,0.000014853542,0.000016704154,0.00001403652],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001793591,0.00029252516,0.00013400703,0.0002163843,0.00017113335,0.000278246,0.00025801748,0.00027892066,0.0005661187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019543436,0.0001801092,0.0002141908,0.00017648748,0.00022409266,0.00040439822,0.0003242216,0.00051373115,0.00017052577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007705236,0.000006168264,0.00002706076,0.000018389657,0.0000025082509,0.000022256432,0.00001649561,0.0001024586,0.99870455,0.00020614019,0.000032034655,0.00085413933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032307387,0.000017215913,0.00025096242,0.0000013638255,0.0000025565241,0.000014683916,0.0000053735175,0.00085166784,0.99807703,0.000036428475,0.00073614105,0.0000033842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003531964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000988815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005661187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036967156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012290137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026821494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366815507","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.3c00107","title":"Response Surface Methodology Modeling Correlation of Polymer Composite Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan Nanofiltration Membranes for Water Desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan; National University of Sciences and Technology","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chitosan; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Carbon nanotube; Phase inversion; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Response surface methodology; Composite number; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.048213137856221486,"score_gpt":0.2900124673579266,"score_spread":0.24179932950170507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366815507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.673817,0.0007874672,0.3162705,0.0002197601,0.00006159519,0.00021011654,0.0005582035,0.0010289728,0.007046458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98118126,0.00025256086,0.016150838,0.000018689236,0.0000049115833,0.00013314279,0.0001964805,0.000045319597,0.0020168494],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998783,0.000028275976,0.0000065435634,0.000019715448,0.000050420887,0.000016773087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998055,0.00009779626,0.000018219811,0.000009246805,0.000064169275,0.0000051397114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000354167,0.0006548629,0.0003093663,0.00029676265,0.0001552711,0.00031628218,0.0003567325,0.00061305804,0.0013265958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006014643,0.00015986177,0.0007179473,0.0002564975,0.00008161687,0.0002834012,0.00013162562,0.00030348307,0.00038509376],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015178275,0.000120175195,0.0015352776,0.00021136286,0.000058201284,0.00011812288,0.000058281763,0.87751186,0.0969361,0.0007940676,0.0005348822,0.021969816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026311109,0.000033447028,0.00031819812,0.0000016758909,0.000003888437,0.0000054424845,0.0000050501267,0.9914737,0.007927077,0.000054452128,0.00017093231,0.0000034857453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064568543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004009823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064568543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004996762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004106258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012838542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366833987","doi":"10.1002/pat.6068","title":"Development of highly permeable and antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) hybrid membranes tailored with <scp>ZIF</scp>‐8 metal–organic frameworks for water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Humic acid; Surface roughness; Porosity; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013612230230171206,"score_gpt":0.23960037947831123,"score_spread":0.22598814924814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366833987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98449177,0.0012540362,0.012873314,0.00006863963,0.000039309514,0.000041631967,0.00012449177,0.00016082491,0.0009460678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872427,0.00062490866,0.010868106,0.000027871003,0.000010565421,0.000032160868,0.00011949247,0.000019605865,0.0010544313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999355,0.000005596793,0.0000039033926,0.000013417536,0.000026261718,0.000015261296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995756,0.0000053442022,0.00001358799,0.0000030029416,0.000012168412,0.000008351973],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010677999,0.00027883716,0.00021632429,0.0001420915,0.00009193566,0.00028317352,0.00023401954,0.00039569967,0.00028833473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010677489,0.00014381322,0.0002693805,0.00009840071,0.000112660535,0.00026170383,0.00014249719,0.00028647418,0.00016623682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058825876,0.0000033844642,0.000019323134,0.000012841329,0.000002203956,0.000012278853,0.0000022859103,0.00005956697,0.9994266,0.000018820583,0.00000684547,0.00043001707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058011824,0.000066107525,0.0005828939,0.0000022095287,0.000007938431,0.00006358117,0.000007612947,0.0015156869,0.99676526,0.000012441023,0.0009663785,0.0000040861596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056055846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010341647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056055846,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026300576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010634355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019082427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367184031","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2217","title":"Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO<sub>2</sub> storage site","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greenhouse Gases Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Brine; Desalination; Total dissolved solids; Membrane distillation; Water treatment; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.023917811543625003,"score_gpt":0.2937931542290204,"score_spread":0.2698753426853954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367184031","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97806454,0.00077094353,0.01565636,0.00034590805,0.000043998712,0.00030692783,0.00021054164,0.00013377813,0.004467054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98765683,0.0006096459,0.009348935,0.0000335265,0.00000780039,0.0000767176,0.00008637833,0.000019491858,0.00216075],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976045,0.000046397803,0.000021065656,0.000039596358,0.00008261424,0.000049854585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982846,0.000038913848,0.0000260778,0.000014691037,0.00006983228,0.000021937834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005871318,0.000489102,0.0006964251,0.00045573252,0.0008291893,0.0009949299,0.0005421873,0.00094739243,0.0022080925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032394752,0.00019908573,0.00069809763,0.00043670143,0.00036100228,0.0006694012,0.00045694248,0.00052036426,0.00038633237],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013243385,0.00089295977,0.010852871,0.0018322659,0.00008117859,0.0029002174,0.00042565237,0.12623276,0.78968155,0.0017900451,0.0014515609,0.06253466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031948232,0.004790935,0.01896367,0.00009052068,0.00028142746,0.0006332097,0.002153,0.2632452,0.69094956,0.0014623543,0.016976837,0.00013369862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006131931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011302639,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006131931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012619093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011168545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012192428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367310608","doi":"10.3390/membranes13050477","title":"Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Membranes for Water Treatment Applications: Characterization and Performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Characterization (materials science); Nanocomposite; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Water treatment; Thermal stability; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.038998221207364105,"score_gpt":0.2889652763815676,"score_spread":0.2499670551742035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367310608","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019208888,0.9949649,0.0011631201,0.00018017342,0.00013604354,0.000011987112,0.00003678713,0.000015712929,0.0015702617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0069611566,0.9896291,0.0014617617,0.00012324977,0.00010542857,0.000017784507,0.00007567325,0.0000040335617,0.0016217356],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971706,0.000028297067,0.00002811228,0.000047187084,0.00015021031,0.000029093224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998299,0.000051822022,0.00003566349,0.0000047012436,0.00006666981,0.000011352542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000547092,0.00094385527,0.0010175311,0.0016599614,0.00024545958,0.0006588327,0.0005086763,0.0011058216,0.0009762313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044424634,0.00027682853,0.0004751398,0.0014868277,0.00023166831,0.0012309251,0.00039113633,0.0009295426,0.0007415271],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071805276,0.00014713884,0.00035592105,0.03370524,0.00014578788,0.00038744224,0.00007105981,0.0010414256,0.14220814,0.003625495,0.0072371806,0.8110033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001585245,0.0005025214,0.002470597,0.003460295,0.00035044496,0.003068565,0.000113468326,0.0010716663,0.12357125,0.0015723761,0.86372405,0.000078891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088330754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001879682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016599614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005285713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072376314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003835082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367396338","doi":"10.1016/j.fbp.2023.04.007","title":"The influence of multiple fouling and cleaning cycles upon the performance of polyethersulphone membrane filters during coffee extract decaffeination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food and Bioproducts Processing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Cleaning agent; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012869678955138377,"score_gpt":0.22945304383481158,"score_spread":0.2165833648796732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367396338","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99850404,0.0004834188,0.0006999972,0.000018233613,0.0000093225135,0.00000801309,0.000057345045,0.00001806772,0.00020152393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979128,0.000426607,0.0010506493,0.00001691594,0.000005747269,0.000012867743,0.000085172454,0.000013549916,0.0004757339],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994685,0.00007383321,0.00004513781,0.00009742499,0.00020314912,0.0001119424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999678,0.00010652684,0.00007034913,0.000022856755,0.00009669105,0.000025714378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045707342,0.00042317135,0.0004136478,0.0002774111,0.00033224424,0.00049536617,0.00025255536,0.0005154632,0.00039447256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007198375,0.00015623422,0.0003391506,0.00031340783,0.00025035784,0.00043333354,0.00028178786,0.00041028962,0.00014428352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012661993,0.0000241159,0.00069788226,0.000062290965,0.000015106031,0.00007954192,0.000089210844,0.00014799529,0.99568236,0.000014261529,0.0000179771,0.0030426423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012215969,0.00024935554,0.004639871,0.0000036995607,0.000013807403,0.00006671983,0.00004429739,0.00032773323,0.99436176,0.0000054964444,0.0002797549,0.000006255086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013554817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019304897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013554817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027407135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002070432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026951432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367725029","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4435494","title":"Hydrogel-Coated Structured Packing for Water Separation from Oily Liquid Streams","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"STREAMS; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.017524497298669433,"score_gpt":0.2733640649920582,"score_spread":0.2558395676933887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367725029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9745242,0.0022255017,0.019571986,0.00009637419,0.000107977015,0.000029780744,0.00018188285,0.00020856928,0.0030538335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98930013,0.0007419686,0.007526811,0.000051243213,0.000035279554,0.000012536844,0.0001615084,0.00004550595,0.002125039],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992955,0.000005786785,0.0000034242958,0.00001526458,0.00002893561,0.000016974054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999318,0.00002190922,0.000013291706,0.0000064050173,0.000012440547,0.0000141635555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008223224,0.0001946503,0.00018189893,0.00016462864,0.00014755665,0.00024816478,0.00018923901,0.00022796635,0.0012239009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014501247,0.00012106429,0.00015872777,0.00014129799,0.00015650141,0.00031467908,0.00026910813,0.000321664,0.00038830403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008746835,0.000022497301,0.000056264584,0.000057280267,0.000005321172,0.000041179323,0.000012534036,0.00044631344,0.99513763,0.00016656485,0.0001445291,0.0038224668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016075619,0.00014643419,0.00047183558,0.000005333977,0.000009530231,0.00004466127,0.0000106179405,0.007688047,0.9907045,0.00006426379,0.0008338029,0.0000048843804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003542946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008794872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012239009,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019411097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011399514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040943027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375930393","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4442286","title":"Iron-Oxide Doped Ceramic Membranes for Combined Organic - Inorganic Colloidal Fouling Mitigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Ceramic; Membrane; Iron oxide; Fouling; Doping; Colloid; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01355368863998638,"score_gpt":0.2492009079537764,"score_spread":0.23564721931379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375930393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758109,0.0042754314,0.014680889,0.00024368004,0.00024579535,0.000034700253,0.00017559953,0.00014620043,0.00438681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872851,0.0013041759,0.0061689573,0.000056321973,0.00003281042,0.000013168657,0.00013619244,0.000023176472,0.0049801376],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998982,0.0000073152246,0.0000049122496,0.000021364105,0.00004264112,0.000025505677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996126,0.0000090087,0.0000049765667,0.0000035536182,0.000014147489,0.0000070102506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019267837,0.00025100986,0.00025787484,0.00020860964,0.00028148203,0.00038264887,0.00022380972,0.0004532304,0.00084101356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016574109,0.000120372235,0.00027481417,0.0001543085,0.00017569633,0.00026718335,0.0003078044,0.00046851806,0.00037460434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005006969,0.000009916489,0.000042797805,0.00006230537,0.000006967294,0.000023826884,0.000010481094,0.00009981059,0.996956,0.00014497254,0.00011238296,0.0024804648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005630741,0.000057834575,0.00027354038,0.0000033089427,0.000012025922,0.000030356387,0.000009647142,0.0010441608,0.99683446,0.000042543437,0.001683217,0.000003364014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011034796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021914481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011034796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029062788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002643966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002813518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375946090","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124041","title":"Impact of extended versus typical rapid mixing HRTs on continuous-flow coagulation-ultrafiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Fouling; Particle (ecology); Particle size; Chemistry; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Membrane","score_opus":0.025285797795111583,"score_gpt":0.31540724744600457,"score_spread":0.290121449650893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375946090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99637336,0.0010101877,0.0017642678,0.000042656207,0.000057796904,0.000028558985,0.00010162459,0.00006103697,0.00056054816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964239,0.000522195,0.0022946186,0.00005827634,0.000028741646,0.000016417778,0.000098815006,0.000025743899,0.00053118507],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908435,0.0002451757,0.00007593068,0.00019267274,0.00026265113,0.00013924787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864024,0.0007612367,0.00017840142,0.00008936448,0.00022569243,0.00010494101],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013594046,0.00033677087,0.00043224503,0.00024517282,0.00034968404,0.0010876926,0.00028672666,0.0006738716,0.0012738263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002823041,0.00011244845,0.00045764187,0.00022863787,0.000264949,0.00069229025,0.00048235108,0.00048980437,0.0002520086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.009664709,0.00033523055,0.0038185841,0.00029796123,0.000113712915,0.000118269,0.00015098356,0.0021619508,0.958852,0.00016758514,0.00015884689,0.024160096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009915376,0.0036978389,0.017253485,0.00003063528,0.0002043407,0.00009561686,0.00012775588,0.0038193895,0.9731603,0.000077301556,0.0014037575,0.00003042553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016809913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013984791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016809913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005309028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054062036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007189274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376121502","doi":"10.1002/bit.28420","title":"Fouling of virus filtration membranes by monoclonal antibody feeds with low aggregate content","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Monoclonal antibody; Chromatography; Adsorption; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemical engineering; Antibody; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.013127800336382296,"score_gpt":0.2211270193123636,"score_spread":0.20799921897598128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376121502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99756765,0.0004233694,0.0016204778,0.000025933961,0.00001016508,0.0000053129793,0.000043773434,0.000016212754,0.00028718202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99589634,0.00051142316,0.0025950174,0.000037021742,0.00000590155,0.0000117870095,0.0001228443,0.000013845221,0.0008057287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969625,0.000048829348,0.000023523573,0.00004817696,0.00010678796,0.00007646274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997873,0.00006761802,0.000054726577,0.000016056612,0.000057174275,0.000017101405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034357194,0.00027090576,0.00023132662,0.00017785482,0.00023672258,0.00031673448,0.00022062256,0.00045359088,0.0003793406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005846546,0.00009782859,0.00027287065,0.00020584189,0.00014192509,0.00028558818,0.00021240946,0.00048186394,0.0001347186],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015739659,0.000005826996,0.0001881217,0.000016383694,0.0000037523234,0.000012758027,0.000022328853,0.00004459036,0.9991804,0.000020690672,0.000009883416,0.00047947178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.8823846e-7,0.000052646577,0.0010001347,0.0000021890871,0.000003976218,0.000020498144,0.000014310325,0.00028664083,0.99841094,0.000007711777,0.00019860124,0.0000017129152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001861511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015950827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001861511,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034075454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001702853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037013292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376630246","doi":"10.3390/ma16093526","title":"An Overview of Photocatalytic Membrane Degradation Development","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Photocatalysis; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Waste management; Water pollution; Environmental engineering; Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane; Membrane technology; Pollutant; Biofouling; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.17487844767294275,"score_gpt":0.37823527545063773,"score_spread":0.20335682777769498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376630246","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00041138087,0.9939207,0.0005240771,0.00019578221,0.00025178186,0.00002038734,0.00008825555,0.0000216315,0.004566019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015270569,0.995641,0.00061608094,0.00014363985,0.00014144542,0.000023019926,0.000114683804,0.0000040619293,0.0017890652],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997166,0.000027292332,0.000038856128,0.000066069915,0.000113676426,0.000037469348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971014,0.00010646597,0.000048176666,0.000013245994,0.000099092314,0.000022909473],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051332125,0.0014220136,0.001247738,0.004304715,0.0004399981,0.0011848661,0.00087257125,0.0011790983,0.00646579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005514683,0.00054003217,0.000982144,0.004126834,0.00029112154,0.0016250452,0.00067826547,0.0015366897,0.0037618522],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083732,0.00020183001,0.0003115733,0.055014007,0.00013762887,0.00036078924,0.00010218088,0.000956877,0.012403025,0.009156152,0.028860807,0.89241135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000057972493,0.00012771161,0.0006303189,0.0025372643,0.00008897572,0.0006978222,0.000036737994,0.0001412283,0.0022339034,0.0012585429,0.9922213,0.000020422165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001964423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021630637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00646579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081887294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013490327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021630228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377027637","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24951","title":"Influence of polyethyleneimine layer and zinc nitrate on morphology and structure of PES‐based membranes with highly selective properties","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Nanofiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Porosity; Membrane structure; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.00834598967484946,"score_gpt":0.18220365558578683,"score_spread":0.17385766591093738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377027637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972817,0.00046288682,0.0018115927,0.000027909591,0.000010135888,0.00001165556,0.000046508998,0.00002551075,0.00032220528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962632,0.00047676003,0.002519876,0.000020517291,0.0000037607786,0.000017758519,0.00007835382,0.000013626244,0.00060622167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998958,0.000014481984,0.000009470916,0.000020728328,0.0000360199,0.00002360734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987984,0.000028798288,0.000038185823,0.000007707774,0.000027704053,0.000017873796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017396048,0.0003427862,0.00018698997,0.00013081793,0.00011614715,0.0002537138,0.00017086936,0.0003496427,0.0002922286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033586525,0.00021253424,0.00022053633,0.00009841141,0.0001596278,0.0003359117,0.00014859033,0.0002130559,0.00011517222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023208893,0.0000026335424,0.000046220262,0.000015852678,0.0000024383012,0.000017543302,0.000006847913,0.000040415736,0.9994992,0.000011986069,0.0000037280063,0.00032987323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045708985,0.000061216066,0.0014070742,0.000002478163,0.000008483019,0.000059691334,0.000011606064,0.0005134626,0.9974935,0.000010470596,0.00042404968,0.0000034852544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042058466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059047766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00042058466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022445702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107991786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016285777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378347880","doi":"10.3390/membranes13050501","title":"Forward Osmosis for Metal Processing Effluents under Similar Osmotic Pressure Gradients","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Osmosis; Concentration polarization; Osmotic power; Factorial experiment; Effluent; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Reverse osmosis; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.026154754968925185,"score_gpt":0.2719062320422967,"score_spread":0.2457514770733715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378347880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98942786,0.00033635326,0.009098876,0.00011536865,0.000021572816,0.000043742424,0.00012704551,0.000074071075,0.00075502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984738,0.0006576932,0.013205617,0.00004714494,0.000007720038,0.000040134175,0.000120934485,0.000019064724,0.0011635387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997551,0.000046946,0.000020457148,0.00005164774,0.00009239522,0.000033443357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998425,0.000049812956,0.000046101013,0.0000107141,0.00004084873,0.000009857479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033710303,0.00029154567,0.0002668432,0.000186227,0.00032728803,0.0005024885,0.00021462073,0.0003604402,0.0005464233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044553087,0.00010742637,0.00030507453,0.00021424064,0.0002308146,0.0005558377,0.00026237263,0.0004981454,0.00019639151],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003292894,0.000021642125,0.00013306354,0.000036707745,0.0000023968687,0.000016018497,0.00001544669,0.00017027088,0.9979382,0.00006061979,0.000018459858,0.001554126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005176626,0.000194055,0.00070048834,0.0000029597304,0.0000055122346,0.000028795108,0.000017095017,0.00095429126,0.99741995,0.000023806731,0.0006432313,0.000004563314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011723175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002365952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011723175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004018438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032747377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029155612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378417826","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124176","title":"Composite membranes with multifunctionalities for processing textile wastewater: Simultaneous oil/water separation and dye adsorption/degradation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Wastewater; Emulsion; Polyacrylonitrile; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Waste management; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015097529535003078,"score_gpt":0.26523124626840056,"score_spread":0.25013371673339746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378417826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9705018,0.0036368137,0.023243248,0.00015956264,0.00008671391,0.000047970152,0.00011444118,0.00019324858,0.0020161925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98394763,0.0011095229,0.011693973,0.000103420134,0.000039550865,0.000047833826,0.00011420196,0.000033052034,0.002910935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997919,0.000034385874,0.00001726697,0.00004390372,0.000057448422,0.00005506004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980456,0.000050197912,0.00004041771,0.0000150264195,0.00006239324,0.000027561486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000418104,0.0004632792,0.00032105556,0.0004520708,0.00025748028,0.00039468508,0.00021934164,0.0007196335,0.0007508941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038014067,0.000257649,0.00050441554,0.0002519697,0.00020432759,0.00047324382,0.0003718357,0.0005065408,0.0004000657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006585294,0.000011064251,0.000042071788,0.00004249471,0.0000047266485,0.000015203831,0.0000099048575,0.00005116712,0.99833786,0.00005554043,0.00002179496,0.0013422838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044054445,0.000088386114,0.00035036987,0.000002332562,0.000011577626,0.000047738835,0.0000055456785,0.0003983671,0.99839044,0.000015430747,0.00068260817,0.0000028826325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035023535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009743352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007508941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029944698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017081398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025120378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378602232","doi":"10.20944/preprints202305.1831.v1","title":"Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal in Forward Osmosis Process Using Functionalized HNTs-Based TFN NF Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Zeta potential; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Adsorption; Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Metal; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.2628319615881164,"score_gpt":0.4043101816839056,"score_spread":0.1414782200957892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378602232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942849,0.00065328815,0.004218285,0.000044394452,0.000020857724,0.000020925407,0.00013557613,0.000049279606,0.0005724191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864732,0.0011834323,0.00978611,0.00004304406,0.000010945632,0.00004617495,0.0002269339,0.00002983418,0.0022003138],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997899,0.000024074856,0.000016203328,0.00004398573,0.000090265,0.000035598114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998474,0.00003720327,0.000026866008,0.000007673917,0.00006628406,0.000014643616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026593957,0.0004847534,0.00042266355,0.00019160278,0.00022843806,0.00029807494,0.00024351131,0.00051545433,0.0003899743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041735792,0.00016421224,0.0003664529,0.00019234612,0.00020025046,0.000439586,0.000223466,0.0003809039,0.0001888846],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024547673,0.000004643606,0.000074535164,0.00003195687,0.0000028042948,0.000014001831,0.000010512632,0.000053796062,0.99929225,0.000009313622,0.0000054588036,0.0004761324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012344258,0.000031813343,0.0003238117,0.0000018210847,0.000005146238,0.000022319387,0.000008416691,0.0003483959,0.999014,0.0000046248456,0.00023661646,0.0000017800329],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023841453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027467273,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023841453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056388194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022968273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047404766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379015947","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24969","title":"Improved modelling and simulation of once‐through and reverse multi‐stage flash desalination configurations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.03080606452589011,"score_gpt":0.24482565372512755,"score_spread":0.21401958919923744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379015947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80546695,0.00042224376,0.17052859,0.0003192503,0.00006854304,0.00019809125,0.0013107131,0.00096758024,0.020718077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896662,0.00010036369,0.0057169045,0.000024444798,0.0000057309194,0.00015083513,0.0002532523,0.000046014,0.004036253],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984694,0.000033163684,0.0000075332846,0.000029615285,0.00004142596,0.00004126158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997712,0.0001006217,0.000026764228,0.000027117087,0.0000578152,0.000016422706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029420247,0.00071295607,0.001171693,0.0004924536,0.00046865316,0.0008587488,0.0013541565,0.0017840374,0.0023120618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056561147,0.0005206679,0.0012385838,0.00037688066,0.0005279052,0.0007953065,0.0005182869,0.0006563829,0.00031838057],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012538813,0.000011162466,0.00030272655,0.000010068005,0.000003979815,0.000022290838,0.000008515044,0.99773717,0.0010154217,0.00021716232,0.000046166642,0.0006127737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050575272,0.000009620768,0.00013160439,0.0000010112961,0.0000020213745,0.0000027239298,0.0000029658179,0.99931335,0.00035697847,0.0000709729,0.000101155376,0.000002591739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028542835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012632256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028542835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013638436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012318409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.056753397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379116843","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4467672","title":"Adsorption of Heavy Metals on the Surface of Nanofiltration Membranes: \"A Curse or Blessing\"?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Blessing; Nanofiltration; Curse; Adsorption; Membrane; Heavy metals; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Philosophy; Theology","score_opus":0.038090907921296026,"score_gpt":0.2852404505949833,"score_spread":0.2471495426736873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379116843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8796904,0.034883883,0.031356595,0.03353741,0.00355585,0.00006927285,0.00031845568,0.0006374762,0.015950635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9534699,0.00997152,0.0032963385,0.003412239,0.0004349368,0.000018152845,0.00022253733,0.00014496395,0.029029364],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964476,0.000052862157,0.000017221657,0.00007192126,0.00012158453,0.00009166459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997776,0.00008409453,0.000022526969,0.000035679142,0.00006169579,0.000018342753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078387343,0.00039277383,0.00073654536,0.00026771065,0.000541002,0.0010202568,0.0005241555,0.0015726568,0.0033120797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014043013,0.0002874882,0.00057507906,0.00019620136,0.0008343375,0.0022663309,0.0007718598,0.001266372,0.0016013195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067425845,0.00009550195,0.002153998,0.0012085462,0.00017709665,0.0005113062,0.0008476838,0.0007794899,0.92166066,0.011880175,0.00915176,0.05085947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000049556587,0.0004156134,0.0070491335,0.00018209037,0.000106111525,0.00073531666,0.0009913781,0.007928052,0.92291594,0.022634093,0.036908817,0.00008407011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020759087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017141047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033120797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005664485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028158672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011080027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379211018","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4468239","title":"High Perm-Selectivity and Performance of Tuned Nanofiltration Membranes by Merging Carbon Nitride Derivatives as Interphase Layer for Efficient Water Desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Nanocomposite; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011940870663914863,"score_gpt":0.25336572006184754,"score_spread":0.24142484939793268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379211018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957545,0.0006934849,0.0021208052,0.000081779726,0.000022885011,0.0000066758475,0.00014430581,0.0000780038,0.0010976292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99700886,0.0002958302,0.0015180466,0.000024683108,0.000007453223,0.0000063959124,0.00014182503,0.000020512976,0.00097640953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986696,0.000010088073,0.000008103668,0.000033888842,0.000049211947,0.000031658863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999285,0.000019532243,0.000015129607,0.000007590295,0.000019691859,0.000009618358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019625525,0.0003603349,0.000238574,0.00015000552,0.00025543617,0.000283136,0.00027263947,0.0004900778,0.0007647994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020114258,0.00017271214,0.00021267433,0.00013764361,0.00017532997,0.0004412969,0.00025824047,0.0005112199,0.00033154085],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057540903,0.000007583019,0.00005836616,0.000018204393,0.0000021863912,0.000014245686,0.000010963687,0.000081737504,0.99881184,0.000052870626,0.00003938773,0.00084515836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017467364,0.000016359483,0.00027414298,5.7539927e-7,0.0000017555843,0.000015204833,0.0000031615923,0.0004096314,0.99905795,0.000011541464,0.00020596471,0.0000018347517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009161242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016076756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009161242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003591731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021822644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026060343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379229452","doi":"10.3390/membranes13060577","title":"Integration of Porous Nanomaterial-Infused Membrane in UF/FO Membrane Hybrid for Simulated Osmosis Membrane Bioreactor (OsMBR) Process","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Materials science; Contact angle; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021843318080895863,"score_gpt":0.2739351000551464,"score_spread":0.25209178197425053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379229452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9614331,0.0019424054,0.034127314,0.00013424772,0.00008262941,0.00005985372,0.00021711648,0.00042706417,0.0015762763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9741043,0.00077826687,0.023924038,0.000041558164,0.000015675265,0.000040636372,0.0001383821,0.00003228507,0.0009249123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998191,0.000016289001,0.000015601201,0.000042855027,0.000073253024,0.00003281951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999101,0.00001440118,0.00002839827,0.0000073031965,0.000026995958,0.000012859727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021990747,0.0003471849,0.00032797083,0.0003174667,0.00016075582,0.0003885462,0.00037009877,0.00061196147,0.00034699086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024457395,0.00015251072,0.00053037325,0.00019527359,0.00014850307,0.00048879016,0.00031558488,0.0003459418,0.00024370571],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015021823,0.00001089402,0.00007648817,0.000037832444,0.0000050485132,0.0000503056,0.00000675993,0.00013961071,0.9983126,0.00005736692,0.000016010516,0.0012722122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033431918,0.000081483515,0.00059007725,0.0000031176805,0.000012474921,0.00015464153,0.000009840169,0.0022823932,0.9958372,0.000021322678,0.0009974717,0.000006690029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046502793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087415945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00061196147,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038828535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019056391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002817154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379466705","doi":"10.29169/1927-5129.2023.19.08","title":"A Mini Review on Treatment of Wastewater with Membrane Technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Reverse osmosis; Flocculation; Membrane; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Coagulation; Wastewater; Water treatment; Process engineering; Sewage treatment; Biochemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0631827394417377,"score_gpt":0.3251029563487612,"score_spread":0.2619202169070235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379466705","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00018436834,0.99668556,0.00025199298,0.00024892727,0.00052276446,0.0000131472225,0.00006897612,0.000014976088,0.0020093028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005516898,0.99728656,0.0003599297,0.00020214984,0.00026182018,0.000013096329,0.00009152941,0.0000032553176,0.0012299861],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997156,0.000033899254,0.000051171028,0.000049391525,0.00012455038,0.000025404484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996927,0.00012773197,0.000052572836,0.000009747626,0.00009273938,0.000024571707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040335947,0.0010528142,0.001475948,0.002972414,0.00032769362,0.0011702763,0.0008447772,0.0009787094,0.010097252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066800014,0.0003913521,0.0010345156,0.0026270398,0.00025410624,0.0015379398,0.0005876564,0.0015628656,0.004522825],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008352867,0.00014342465,0.0001655831,0.06949708,0.00019282933,0.00033253038,0.00008814473,0.0005652965,0.007985267,0.004435825,0.067722514,0.84878796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074900313,0.00007886602,0.0004138152,0.0031109706,0.00012955982,0.00069540436,0.000028770799,0.00006313157,0.0008975677,0.0006814885,0.9938758,0.000017141338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088814076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014053783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010097252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004895714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011702807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.033778727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380151570","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.05.019","title":"Novel uremic metabolite-based zwitterionic polyethersulfone (PES) hemodialysis membrane for improved hemocompatibility: Towards the fourth generation of hemodialysis modifiers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Hemodialysis; Metabolite; Membrane; Uremic toxins; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.037551919982424305,"score_gpt":0.24269024789626314,"score_spread":0.20513832791383885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380151570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.966314,0.0041604596,0.025493395,0.00044602263,0.00011947744,0.00005914274,0.00013071508,0.0001615833,0.0031151744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780508,0.0022599064,0.014334179,0.00015904575,0.000032515134,0.000039969054,0.00013462146,0.000015705653,0.004973146],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999285,0.0000105830795,0.0000067320207,0.00001675027,0.000024999685,0.00001244848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994314,0.000008095294,0.000021898983,0.0000049674295,0.000013233233,0.000008652427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013360078,0.00027371853,0.00012735098,0.00011080764,0.000104908184,0.00023000376,0.0002849042,0.00042066022,0.0007041046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016200781,0.00007657223,0.00016853571,0.00009773936,0.00011300904,0.00046610174,0.00026250773,0.000291412,0.00024228667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005946772,0.000017229091,0.00011207255,0.00008001402,0.000008535024,0.00009395437,0.000018677725,0.00012024879,0.99335504,0.00040229145,0.00012648983,0.005606095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007162367,0.00013792276,0.00042920202,0.0000037361692,0.000011126539,0.00016475847,0.000010949506,0.0008117698,0.993775,0.000049955506,0.004593692,0.000004779326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014758098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020318331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007041046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014190153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014394136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023554564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380154217","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125236","title":"A smart gating nanocellulose membrane showing selective separation and self-cleaning performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","keywords":"Nanocellulose; Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Gating; Cellulose; Bar (unit); Isopropyl alcohol; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01991132024927026,"score_gpt":0.2714614046999664,"score_spread":0.2515500844506961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380154217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9785175,0.0011806431,0.017109416,0.00041625075,0.000103606035,0.000025255675,0.00020370686,0.0004691627,0.001974615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98828715,0.000495009,0.009044963,0.00014007222,0.000015358028,0.00001994304,0.00013679235,0.000037918362,0.0018227939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999232,0.0000060514208,0.000003745242,0.000022958367,0.000021130038,0.000022964257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999923,0.000013760174,0.000015209075,0.000012393757,0.000014192149,0.00002145214],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009923975,0.0002636397,0.00022573012,0.00009666361,0.00017868655,0.0002876006,0.0003553632,0.0006164055,0.00057497906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001361569,0.000108948014,0.00015968688,0.00012989946,0.0001707205,0.00027022397,0.00021539112,0.0003561837,0.0002808004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013937645,0.000004936437,0.000029637613,0.0000090762,0.0000010769133,0.000023433857,0.0000037223256,0.000026298694,0.9989484,0.0000761253,0.00003797326,0.0008254514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029045862,0.00002621955,0.00030725688,0.0000010208587,0.0000028339268,0.000066748864,0.000003524276,0.0007352613,0.9980453,0.00002637172,0.00077935035,0.0000031523934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037466842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004362001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006164055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026253902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021104378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019235015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380742966","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124343","title":"Nanofiltration membranes fabricated by plant polyphenol-intermediated MXene and polyethyleneimine layer-by-layer self-assembly for efficient dye/salt separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyelectrolyte; Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Layer by layer; Coating; Bilayer; Aqueous solution; Tannic acid; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Substrate (aquarium); Polyphenol; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Antioxidant; Polymer; Permeation; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014722326500047154,"score_gpt":0.27352469286570025,"score_spread":0.25880236636565307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380742966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847466,0.00061902433,0.01282236,0.00008441252,0.000042489017,0.000029445182,0.00017277266,0.00020010144,0.0012827376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841786,0.0005196888,0.012025029,0.000055081924,0.000011129778,0.000040295567,0.00022400897,0.000034698347,0.002911549],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992716,0.0000059261088,0.000005603283,0.000016784405,0.000023446082,0.000021066739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999565,0.00000810928,0.000014777218,0.0000038796557,0.000009505887,0.0000072429543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015521396,0.00029352895,0.00017432429,0.00014250235,0.00020228946,0.00019754634,0.00016504861,0.0003125744,0.0004565265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010037412,0.00017892268,0.00030099862,0.00010561442,0.00011647645,0.0003252941,0.00017088109,0.00041830455,0.00026634504],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000078245475,0.000003159962,0.000019435805,0.00001152665,0.0000019530835,0.000008685525,0.000006597336,0.00002230116,0.9995241,0.000052238545,0.000012837121,0.00032934514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024536332,0.000026611659,0.0005455744,0.0000012282137,0.0000042348915,0.00001719988,0.0000046905043,0.00037579043,0.9984463,0.000013758944,0.00055982143,0.0000021975313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016252425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033246478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017991028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381162546","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103921","title":"A comparative study between three of the physical antifouling techniques for oily wastewater filtration using ceramic membranes: Namely; the novel periodic transmembrane pressure technique, pulsatile flow, and backflushing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Biofouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Context (archaeology); Pulsatile flow; Materials science; Back pressure; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02866224446117032,"score_gpt":0.280259735139708,"score_spread":0.25159749067853765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381162546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950092,0.002178006,0.0022867003,0.00002848183,0.000032185253,0.000023290217,0.000028184071,0.000011108572,0.00040291372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946536,0.0016060764,0.0030782674,0.00002884339,0.0000228557,0.000015896236,0.00005050195,0.0000042192432,0.00053968653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977404,0.00005985919,0.000017714621,0.000027539154,0.000089305184,0.0000314902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995258,0.0002372419,0.00007889047,0.000028958759,0.000095599324,0.000033552627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044125126,0.00021230619,0.00035002572,0.00039575814,0.00023981508,0.00026223308,0.00018018823,0.00037162594,0.00040454202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068827247,0.00008575489,0.00043741864,0.00037339103,0.00024808507,0.0003451489,0.00012694047,0.00020720415,0.000046915466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014682577,0.00019178439,0.0014315685,0.00034071694,0.000048963375,0.00008773439,0.000063632855,0.00018856469,0.97263664,0.0000750153,0.000036084326,0.023431063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050394334,0.008850405,0.02047949,0.000009343491,0.00023087538,0.0004888623,0.000112717615,0.0013921623,0.96661633,0.000031124335,0.0017164224,0.00002194206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006294505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094881386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006294505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016272462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024084807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023335814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381683169","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25032","title":"Cellulose nanocrystal addition in thin film nanocomposite membranes: Which monomer solution is preferred?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monomer; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Aqueous solution; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Nanoparticle; Cellulose; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.011159371149440761,"score_gpt":0.19452469065197242,"score_spread":0.18336531950253165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381683169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9808874,0.0047031767,0.00965356,0.0004860342,0.00012917322,0.000064202264,0.00014802722,0.00015490278,0.0037734343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820033,0.0025792946,0.013392063,0.00015730094,0.000031424708,0.000038544793,0.000102400234,0.00005718007,0.0016386014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996655,0.000060163096,0.000029496863,0.000104434635,0.00008606558,0.00005427689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996935,0.00011296119,0.000072547184,0.000015618667,0.00007590137,0.000029428145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006115801,0.00032842925,0.0005307045,0.00016305078,0.00020015445,0.00053470075,0.00032976802,0.00047066287,0.0010349853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079525117,0.00020572379,0.00024152137,0.00017618517,0.00019250445,0.00070327404,0.0001755334,0.0004595549,0.00034363827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009215653,0.000019788316,0.0001082063,0.00008977517,0.000007460277,0.00003409522,0.000014292954,0.000157551,0.9969271,0.00009705861,0.000059517184,0.0023929852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006462843,0.000041469884,0.0001316423,0.0000079572,0.000009470528,0.000018675424,0.0000117816335,0.0013841322,0.9977926,0.000021137765,0.0005710948,0.0000036248425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027041943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045792274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027041943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007648887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040840212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005549729},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381798696","doi":"10.3390/w15132325","title":"Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Sanitation; Legislation; Water quality; Water treatment; Human life; Hazard; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Quality assurance; Mineral water; Business; Waste management; Risk analysis (engineering); Water resource management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Operations management; Computer science; Geography","score_opus":0.019564320832742205,"score_gpt":0.26121538531394994,"score_spread":0.24165106448120774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381798696","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.068223044,0.70809937,0.1350838,0.011513761,0.0018005477,0.0006589748,0.0011257587,0.00043887435,0.073055886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30188456,0.5977804,0.06316464,0.0027867758,0.0011448625,0.00037894727,0.0010187159,0.00014527689,0.031695765],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853826,0.00022752589,0.00012992254,0.00017827198,0.000806264,0.0001198529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995297,0.00014655147,0.00011767713,0.000025083431,0.00015977326,0.000021200163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011265229,0.0005209121,0.00059810386,0.001243702,0.0005137782,0.0015700505,0.0006456812,0.0014108656,0.0025215596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089815794,0.00024646256,0.00059917255,0.0013135837,0.0010489153,0.0014850023,0.00085779035,0.0010619911,0.0011499965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016860197,0.00021329473,0.0022746522,0.025768843,0.00015052682,0.000814502,0.00048806707,0.0036512814,0.22341071,0.05727383,0.0133765135,0.6724092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014477387,0.00037743515,0.0029453116,0.0015603723,0.000092844166,0.0015419493,0.0004441801,0.0016048598,0.18201256,0.011482681,0.7978733,0.000050059884],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026465168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002458876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026465168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012602714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022704245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009143889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382051104","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105994","title":"Jacketed elastomeric tubes for passive self-regulation of pulsatile flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Elastomer; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Biomedical engineering; Microfluidics; Backflow; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Engineering","score_opus":0.01630488716767744,"score_gpt":0.2710525246169862,"score_spread":0.2547476374493088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382051104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8805244,0.0016794709,0.11234645,0.00021229753,0.0003656922,0.00017549851,0.00032025258,0.0013785122,0.0029974275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9585189,0.00043060657,0.03537376,0.000118105985,0.000046910904,0.00014679546,0.00017727981,0.000087168395,0.00510033],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976116,0.00005757143,0.000023471226,0.000062421655,0.000066410576,0.000029042252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999788,0.00007632179,0.000054779463,0.00003171317,0.000028770637,0.00002044343],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040248045,0.00032875908,0.0002406828,0.00022344576,0.00023765361,0.00039477652,0.00058675394,0.00033679864,0.0011339491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043621522,0.00027409094,0.00013646325,0.00015399467,0.00018766568,0.00043347196,0.00030886,0.00030274357,0.00039206588],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012909694,0.000037745,0.00017142473,0.00003809836,0.000003962572,0.000043765387,0.00003729028,0.00020401737,0.9924068,0.0003786345,0.00020791868,0.006341358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010336831,0.00014199238,0.000550658,0.0000056331787,0.000007216808,0.000048605772,0.0000082994,0.0036225033,0.9922381,0.000033606833,0.0033237915,0.00000930664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008813189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019847258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011339491,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014329415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014078102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037934184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382798011","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124498","title":"Iron oxide doped ceramic membranes for combined organic – Inorganic colloidal fouling mitigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Humic acid; DLVO theory; Materials science; Membrane technology; Ceramic membrane; Colloidal silica; Chemistry; Ceramic; Colloid; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Coating; Composite material","score_opus":0.013244998611863401,"score_gpt":0.26406806194353827,"score_spread":0.25082306333167487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382798011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97899276,0.0027287907,0.014550185,0.00016839278,0.00013393293,0.000031145315,0.00009698041,0.0001440105,0.003153686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98961186,0.00076996174,0.00634511,0.000042785116,0.000019691732,0.000013440511,0.000068163004,0.0000113453625,0.0031177371],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989367,0.0000080605205,0.000006014054,0.000021546604,0.00004392947,0.000026832093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999579,0.000007397281,0.000007926352,0.000003245358,0.000016251694,0.000007394058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017659202,0.00022601247,0.00019250593,0.00026101308,0.00029756187,0.0002947033,0.0002739987,0.00039284633,0.00050559535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012797621,0.00014856186,0.0002545124,0.00014528415,0.00017576435,0.00024385052,0.00023546966,0.00040441207,0.00021418103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036277976,0.000011202557,0.000052649364,0.000043044165,0.000005837467,0.000023949826,0.000010076462,0.000077224104,0.997297,0.0001312229,0.00006976258,0.0022418185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005312435,0.00006523339,0.0003620704,0.0000025589836,0.000012668848,0.000034577064,0.000011264662,0.0010998057,0.9967817,0.000021682745,0.0015992436,0.000003788712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013723869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040947516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013723869,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031365472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002771539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027288198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383113165","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4499978","title":"Novel Non-Polyamide Lignosulfonated Membranes with Remarkable Permeability and Antifouling Characteristics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Polyamide; Membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism); Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014681967645199885,"score_gpt":0.23999087237015918,"score_spread":0.2253089047249593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383113165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852165,0.0025352677,0.008814131,0.00015064058,0.00007458751,0.000027287386,0.00014817718,0.00015291026,0.002880652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874943,0.0010424453,0.0064953626,0.00008400133,0.000022257756,0.000024678124,0.00023330233,0.00002272157,0.0045809536],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999081,0.000010670068,0.000006180234,0.000015454732,0.000030003359,0.000029562745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999093,0.0000136981735,0.000022524951,0.000010570782,0.000022227523,0.000021729278],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014661934,0.00038593038,0.00021733006,0.00013890091,0.0001482583,0.00034614123,0.0002853473,0.0005054291,0.00047357456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001770582,0.0001228531,0.00023762598,0.00016686776,0.00014231185,0.00044553255,0.00023455788,0.00039771345,0.00027960064],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004977819,0.000013596769,0.000044436667,0.000048576185,0.000004506928,0.00006315248,0.000013232557,0.00005324442,0.9976555,0.00011434423,0.000049257975,0.0018902747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051713673,0.00009427412,0.0006189031,0.0000022735028,0.0000072290018,0.00017239792,0.0000075304547,0.00036552822,0.99699044,0.000030729014,0.0017016005,0.0000037768993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022179841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000417844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005054291,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016199189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015348218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015842915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384207516","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2023.120353","title":"Superior performance of a membrane bioreactor through innovative in-situ aeration and structural optimization using computational fluid dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Zhejiang Provincial Outstanding Youth Science Foundation; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aeration; Baffle; Membrane bioreactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear stress; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Bioreactor; Bubble; Materials science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Waste management","score_opus":0.05929591736703291,"score_gpt":0.3399559531519814,"score_spread":0.28066003578494847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384207516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96176636,0.00027640193,0.035164736,0.00022165505,0.000041948468,0.000012319555,0.00007128927,0.00015729094,0.0022880079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897691,0.00010944778,0.009485743,0.000013147011,0.00000419599,0.000009940526,0.00004218662,0.00001508995,0.0005511019],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999428,0.000006654688,0.0000039584984,0.000012548399,0.000023475133,0.000010575785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995196,0.000013464595,0.000009618547,0.000005930111,0.000012964727,0.0000059394947],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016973705,0.0003218941,0.00027607472,0.0001409242,0.00030816792,0.0003864419,0.00027900524,0.00036125514,0.00061432144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001851424,0.00012060041,0.00027398145,0.000112102,0.00013844788,0.0002654208,0.0002611572,0.00028418069,0.00016015548],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012992538,0.00012934211,0.00062896335,0.00008090619,0.000015460917,0.00004922559,0.00002232819,0.09139554,0.89636266,0.00062068284,0.00013559875,0.01042933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020801559,0.0002559823,0.0008777756,0.0000045618417,0.000019669127,0.00003143444,0.000022158798,0.5881791,0.4094616,0.0002466521,0.0008651148,0.000015224814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013403294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018908278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013403294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032460975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038455744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026650429},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384296930","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adg6638","title":"Pressure-driven distillation using air-trapping membranes for fast and selective water purification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; University of Colorado Boulder; Bureau of Reclamation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Portable water purification; Chemistry; Chlorine; Distillation; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021113005638494005,"score_gpt":0.2891734278423565,"score_spread":0.2680604222038625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384296930","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9162103,0.003965482,0.073502995,0.00087746506,0.00018711624,0.000095515774,0.00031642578,0.0007377396,0.004107069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9632271,0.002390344,0.031423267,0.00017228737,0.00005366905,0.000066676,0.00018147279,0.000063903564,0.0024213605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983,0.000028222561,0.0000115654075,0.000031356743,0.00006954768,0.00002916488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998173,0.00006632335,0.000049959755,0.00001912761,0.00003437835,0.000013045888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026975962,0.0003545705,0.00020139129,0.00019936649,0.00030953772,0.0003480701,0.00042437398,0.00045949532,0.00070193096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036831514,0.00019197766,0.00021441313,0.00021747309,0.00028499388,0.0008681866,0.00042059287,0.0007728066,0.0003878091],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000082171955,0.000006518296,0.000045096243,0.000044319462,0.0000029836956,0.00001763162,0.000013736366,0.0000619961,0.9976295,0.00031101337,0.000078057434,0.0017808741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026983782,0.000026785377,0.00015685335,0.0000017029191,0.0000024966132,0.00003419938,0.0000072672183,0.000990924,0.997092,0.00005994404,0.0016201169,0.0000049591977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004306706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008293004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070193096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036635096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002909137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026580095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384340548","doi":"10.1002/app.54440","title":"The enhancement of antibacterial and anti‐biofouling properties of chitosan/silver nanoparticles‐grafted composite polyamide membrane","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Chitosan; Silver nanoparticle; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Composite number; Nanoparticle; Interfacial polymerization; Antibacterial activity; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Bacteria","score_opus":0.012089896988807006,"score_gpt":0.22765490296035748,"score_spread":0.21556500597155048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384340548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940223,0.0010098226,0.0040789433,0.000051465027,0.000025564901,0.000014741477,0.000038020964,0.000042825322,0.0007163234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950724,0.0005628555,0.0034521,0.000023464709,0.000008102383,0.000012518881,0.00003210673,0.000006083192,0.000830313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990463,0.000015118169,0.0000073036445,0.00001720681,0.000029798002,0.000025903253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998946,0.000026200205,0.000025078569,0.000006716998,0.000034289686,0.000013048514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019953516,0.00036458796,0.00016673098,0.00019527528,0.00013738542,0.0002661138,0.00014207538,0.0004280915,0.0004811821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022769133,0.000104541585,0.00031471867,0.00010588043,0.00012947332,0.0003363523,0.00013584553,0.00033675114,0.00015011155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016589966,0.000005142116,0.00002715838,0.00001964878,0.0000018077918,0.000012165163,0.000003613903,0.000027280563,0.9992131,0.000013694786,0.0000048462275,0.0006549846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014836032,0.00007495783,0.0003490555,0.0000022052056,0.0000059493896,0.00003210957,0.0000055915043,0.0003064663,0.99897337,0.0000049347905,0.00024187686,0.0000021178819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004472564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005126201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004811821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017416794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001574244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016097426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385066819","doi":"10.32920/23726301.v1","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Chemistry; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Environmental science","score_opus":0.031262249902593284,"score_gpt":0.26271481544409175,"score_spread":0.23145256554149846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385066819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924779,0.0016397699,0.0051507633,0.00007458338,0.000019764417,0.000012471006,0.000048527705,0.0000425501,0.00053373625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99173063,0.0010935112,0.0055079665,0.00006457339,0.000008273849,0.000013808809,0.00007304832,0.000013700054,0.0014945713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981934,0.000037785117,0.000014433723,0.000036266934,0.00006353952,0.000028658085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993765,0.000011288102,0.00001977458,0.000004868426,0.000018459375,0.000007923818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022287617,0.00027723156,0.00032523886,0.00014963737,0.00021043996,0.00039911165,0.00021453765,0.0003284017,0.00023746632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019739535,0.000084900865,0.0003369454,0.00014985783,0.00013416352,0.00028819786,0.00020131086,0.00027515108,0.00011876429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023939901,0.0000110826,0.00017593833,0.00004113659,0.0000035389435,0.000032713135,0.00001455389,0.00008573045,0.997422,0.000016379709,0.000012293426,0.0021607715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035511432,0.00010406703,0.0017028826,0.0000041968183,0.000008680953,0.00006957222,0.000015790845,0.0008442656,0.9967055,0.00001623315,0.00052163965,0.0000037426437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013680526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015895338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013680526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030620076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002407039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027201772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385070021","doi":"10.32920/23726301","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chromatography; Zeta potential; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.031262249902593284,"score_gpt":0.26271481544409175,"score_spread":0.23145256554149846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385070021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924779,0.0016397699,0.0051507633,0.00007458338,0.000019764417,0.000012471006,0.000048527705,0.0000425501,0.00053373625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99173063,0.0010935112,0.0055079665,0.00006457339,0.000008273849,0.000013808809,0.00007304832,0.000013700054,0.0014945713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981934,0.000037785117,0.000014433723,0.000036266934,0.00006353952,0.000028658085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993765,0.000011288102,0.00001977458,0.000004868426,0.000018459375,0.000007923818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022287617,0.00027723156,0.00032523886,0.00014963737,0.00021043996,0.00039911165,0.00021453765,0.0003284017,0.00023746632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019739535,0.000084900865,0.0003369454,0.00014985783,0.00013416352,0.00028819786,0.00020131086,0.00027515108,0.00011876429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023939901,0.0000110826,0.00017593833,0.00004113659,0.0000035389435,0.000032713135,0.00001455389,0.00008573045,0.997422,0.000016379709,0.000012293426,0.0021607715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035511432,0.00010406703,0.0017028826,0.0000041968183,0.000008680953,0.00006957222,0.000015790845,0.0008442656,0.9967055,0.00001623315,0.00052163965,0.0000037426437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013680526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015895338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013680526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030620076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002407039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027201772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385071295","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c01590","title":"Novel Forward Osmosis Membranes Engineered with Polydopamine/Graphene Oxide Interlayers: Synergistic Impact of Monomer Reactivity and Hydrophilic Interlayers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Reverse osmosis; Monomer; Layer (electronics); Polymer chemistry; Oxide; Tap water; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.056757409335503536,"score_gpt":0.30667722693748245,"score_spread":0.2499198176019789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385071295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983196,0.0027468912,0.012473407,0.00009767025,0.00007779247,0.00003930464,0.0001393428,0.000154751,0.0010747444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98164016,0.0020470552,0.014842041,0.000055341712,0.000019469391,0.000034936285,0.00012775447,0.000026359074,0.001206933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999188,0.0000075409425,0.000006674676,0.000019798303,0.00002412011,0.000023056762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999099,0.000015440648,0.000028919703,0.00000661235,0.000020232786,0.000018833924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011805883,0.00054255204,0.00025825918,0.00024734417,0.00013852223,0.00031330236,0.00026696207,0.00044819104,0.0002279131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014439404,0.00022221754,0.00039565683,0.000163758,0.00016756308,0.00051456655,0.00024604393,0.00049463834,0.00015578407],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008758096,0.000004842348,0.000024281107,0.000029184048,0.0000035617486,0.000028939518,0.000005228122,0.00003752771,0.9993905,0.000027511189,0.000006903939,0.00043268176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002673793,0.00003824132,0.0003725057,0.0000036465647,0.000012368448,0.00007108576,0.00000795865,0.00060357555,0.99827135,0.000013456985,0.0005986329,0.0000046264167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003038322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084152905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054255204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019361668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012666224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0014047623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385222550","doi":"10.3390/pr11072198","title":"The Effect of Cu2+ and Pb2+ in the Feed Solution on the Water and Reverse Solute Fluxes in the Forward Osmosis (FO) Process Using Nanofiltration (NF) Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Osmosis; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Monomer","score_opus":0.019993328478367815,"score_gpt":0.2657723024481503,"score_spread":0.2457789739697825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385222550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953426,0.0007753964,0.0031429771,0.000051767754,0.000018460229,0.000014860849,0.000056046185,0.000050468636,0.0005473303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99394953,0.00091374863,0.00424175,0.00003643673,0.0000074005234,0.000021243972,0.000056322853,0.000019081896,0.0007545626],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975365,0.000049138376,0.000023164752,0.000057153055,0.000068475834,0.00004845949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980074,0.00008310848,0.000046222172,0.000009720309,0.00004260924,0.000017538503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035461245,0.0005230672,0.00034464366,0.000160619,0.00020958133,0.00034194216,0.0002089277,0.0004042369,0.00029614902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038487668,0.00023900635,0.0002741905,0.00017525879,0.00021015764,0.0005298281,0.00020595595,0.00054947525,0.0001357466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007329651,0.000009628706,0.00007101134,0.00003960734,0.000003045447,0.000014836119,0.00001743324,0.000056849338,0.9986644,0.000018583178,0.0000086550535,0.0010225676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016659816,0.00004217169,0.000155246,0.0000014551543,0.0000032202154,0.000008693446,0.0000054735096,0.0002505736,0.99941146,0.0000031558416,0.00011539488,0.0000014740635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011381784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012111755,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011381784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031364756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021064049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022757053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385355318","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4524028","title":"Design Principles and Considerations of Omniphobic Membranes for Membrane Distillation and Contactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Distillation; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Physics; Desalination","score_opus":0.05167560349522967,"score_gpt":0.2763933854386258,"score_spread":0.22471778194339612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385355318","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11569172,0.01010091,0.8402196,0.0013217916,0.00021751192,0.00034309455,0.00022148363,0.00040611843,0.031477816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7234856,0.008659123,0.24639365,0.00040273427,0.0001217637,0.00042770742,0.00019659997,0.00017576094,0.020137042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995473,0.00004028592,0.000015424837,0.000046489728,0.00029885164,0.000051703824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983716,0.000051881936,0.000022463457,0.000014788665,0.00006092159,0.00001281044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052116165,0.00045500524,0.0004997117,0.00034275273,0.0006392484,0.0012810798,0.00074069126,0.0010835041,0.0009985579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054642675,0.00051290577,0.00036884344,0.00023863954,0.00043987483,0.00080830813,0.00058661494,0.00060309947,0.00061005517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014064176,0.00005905992,0.00046294546,0.000756558,0.000035882273,0.00034010582,0.00016622077,0.018001845,0.8686581,0.075546004,0.0011484654,0.034684055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056949888,0.00044248623,0.0011347315,0.000082713486,0.00006472312,0.0011082805,0.00016910827,0.16764717,0.7484838,0.02001728,0.060701884,0.00009097823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006066021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010610679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012810798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072939903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057322666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005292177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385409374","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00168","title":"Harvesting Blue Energy Based on Salinity and Temperature Gradient: Challenges, Solutions, and Opportunities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Osmotic power; Reversed electrodialysis; Renewable energy; Fossil fuel; Electricity generation; Environmental science; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Greenhouse gas; Energy source; Energy transformation; Solar energy; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Power (physics); Ecology; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.2577526372157249,"score_gpt":0.33191028488905333,"score_spread":0.07415764767332844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385409374","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00038599878,0.99657756,0.00043159703,0.00042494645,0.00018383573,0.000006068948,0.000016480302,0.000012305225,0.001961195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016816187,0.9970463,0.00034364907,0.0001528242,0.00007326782,0.0000068832533,0.000019240399,0.000002104108,0.0006741354],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997634,0.000034408644,0.000022780581,0.000038523653,0.000100182006,0.00004063418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998331,0.00007006382,0.000026131322,0.000006810934,0.000048817827,0.000014987349],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058696896,0.00081911095,0.0010698574,0.0017723476,0.00036173605,0.0012024415,0.00068776135,0.0011770788,0.00274086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042363955,0.00036064367,0.000699082,0.0017865237,0.0004594502,0.0018067678,0.0006994395,0.0016607423,0.0016838898],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064869404,0.00011255934,0.00024097564,0.03429432,0.00011769757,0.00031701516,0.00013495791,0.0009721934,0.017053517,0.019279253,0.018401623,0.9090109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000084716585,0.00013945144,0.00060177053,0.003339484,0.000096857446,0.00074851594,0.00013010309,0.00027098804,0.0036049234,0.0037869166,0.98724395,0.000028668628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009536581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021162662,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00274086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056779035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010352604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009169102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385423207","doi":"10.18280/ijsdp.180710","title":"Structural Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Anaerobic Digester Tank in Sewage Treatment Plant: Investigational and Theoretical Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Zarqa University","keywords":"Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage; Anaerobic exercise; Engineering; Reinforced concrete; Structural engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.028079189177627157,"score_gpt":0.2814717099257235,"score_spread":0.2533925207480964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385423207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99540544,0.000038725517,0.0030855632,0.000020454045,0.0000023544358,0.000012045213,0.000034800407,0.000018821635,0.001381764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982192,0.000048736285,0.0010483132,0.000002146195,8.641131e-7,0.0000045786232,0.00003373106,0.0000031188438,0.0006393216],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969256,0.000047555965,0.000014507609,0.000033869685,0.00016294375,0.000048636346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958724,0.00012418986,0.00007691411,0.000029598503,0.00015791536,0.000024177622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039598247,0.00039166803,0.00023139369,0.0006653699,0.000417844,0.00040277618,0.00044582784,0.00054377073,0.001425875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059367105,0.00022807201,0.0003283754,0.0003481899,0.00039830056,0.00045972728,0.00027557876,0.00019330512,0.00029598025],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005433092,0.0008007447,0.16788729,0.0005398987,0.00006798911,0.001549632,0.0013646832,0.4206005,0.33643976,0.0014962385,0.0005239409,0.06818605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027522781,0.0031366246,0.22856222,0.00006159888,0.0000992948,0.0007063375,0.0048158453,0.6266879,0.13307378,0.00076211756,0.0020051466,0.00006168177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004115232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009336756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004115232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052441336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004181275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008182526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385428527","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00271-9","title":"Facile morphological tuning of thin film composite membranes for enhanced desalination performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Layer (electronics); Composite number; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025628736067534325,"score_gpt":0.2532037033199196,"score_spread":0.22757496725238527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385428527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97252727,0.0017365923,0.023183811,0.00011110867,0.000052200285,0.00005548182,0.00020245017,0.0003606427,0.0017704044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98208743,0.0008699861,0.01573424,0.000039802668,0.000013701454,0.000038833838,0.0001056446,0.00004095003,0.0010693421],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999908,0.000009275435,0.000008053014,0.000024245446,0.00003095547,0.000019393454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998828,0.00002372679,0.00003950667,0.000011219591,0.000027683349,0.00001514793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014925476,0.00048106263,0.0001843701,0.00020810064,0.0001289439,0.000319512,0.00020977887,0.00035033957,0.00054547936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002115916,0.00023007287,0.00028097528,0.00012787484,0.00016076273,0.00039197414,0.00022340933,0.00045909474,0.0003181803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057632465,0.00000278307,0.000015051306,0.000012714821,0.0000014903975,0.000009482027,0.0000039140155,0.00003108343,0.9995253,0.0000151923,0.0000075601492,0.00036962598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023501916,0.000021743253,0.00036673833,0.0000011385644,0.0000028974835,0.000036460704,0.0000040429572,0.00055705186,0.9985316,0.000007647501,0.00046588745,0.0000024659857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021872515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052574696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054547936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020435233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001130666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018247962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385453871","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139693","title":"Integrating of electrocoagulation process with submerged membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment under low voltage gradients","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"American University in Cairo; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Concordia University","keywords":"Electrocoagulation; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Process (computing); Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.015488974775456342,"score_gpt":0.25181501628819736,"score_spread":0.236326041512741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385453871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97044027,0.0014962152,0.025963241,0.00020462483,0.00016338498,0.000028086144,0.000106972,0.00032096604,0.0012762479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884133,0.0006706309,0.008809058,0.000063881715,0.000019185745,0.000018737715,0.00009407214,0.000027424372,0.0018836653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985087,0.000013507848,0.000011599903,0.00004470125,0.000053655822,0.000025699113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991107,0.000014818701,0.000018567362,0.000010090105,0.00003499182,0.0000104090495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001326939,0.00038766454,0.0002857475,0.00019523116,0.00021461253,0.00039886122,0.0002866105,0.0004431663,0.0005728023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019018489,0.00015155307,0.00034674516,0.00018781013,0.000121428246,0.00047964047,0.00024685083,0.0004030074,0.00022649678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024499268,0.000011562751,0.000082999155,0.000018995934,0.000003198772,0.000019606183,0.0000065118434,0.00004507214,0.9978536,0.000029213574,0.000024567822,0.0018801914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025645777,0.00005172422,0.0006104532,0.0000013784419,0.0000083435825,0.000033576667,0.0000073182,0.00087440584,0.99790573,0.000014174219,0.0004876958,0.000002580874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010581344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018511968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010581344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028033977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031093255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021039844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385478596","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121972","title":"Solvent and thermally stable polymeric membranes for liquid molecular separations: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Petrochemical; Reverse osmosis; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Polymer; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Solvent; Nanotechnology; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.0301811668735124,"score_gpt":0.2849806552054968,"score_spread":0.2547994883319844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385478596","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0112185115,0.96883595,0.005894376,0.0100578675,0.00054002594,0.000017469747,0.00005552933,0.000052351665,0.0033279255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06353241,0.9207932,0.008474438,0.0023422148,0.0017597592,0.000053642525,0.00015233898,0.000028233891,0.0028637368],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918073,0.00022276783,0.00006459949,0.00012535544,0.00024195176,0.00016469837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969694,0.0017113029,0.00033751645,0.00009178188,0.00069025607,0.00019979557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0052066753,0.0006284769,0.0011341096,0.00066138344,0.0005205046,0.0030847476,0.0012374353,0.0022923748,0.0039305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025006142,0.00036452385,0.00057032116,0.0011469028,0.0016960568,0.00636294,0.0013477961,0.0025872951,0.0013104585],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010214989,0.0007449021,0.0020464882,0.01095118,0.00017897217,0.000510522,0.00042860617,0.002877999,0.09868318,0.048441693,0.021091588,0.8130233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015378845,0.0031134353,0.0034142488,0.0032385043,0.00034468898,0.0022098804,0.0021073378,0.010946173,0.13666233,0.054950617,0.78263855,0.00022046939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054393266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013613292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0052066753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007527816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001695176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027535856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385485826","doi":"10.1039/d3ew00200d","title":"Permeate microbiome reflects the biofilm microbial community in a gravity-driven woven-fiber microfiltration (WFMF) system for wastewater treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Biofilm; Microbiome; Microbial population biology; Microfiltration; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Gut microbiome; Environmental science; Microbiology; Biology; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Bioinformatics","score_opus":0.05178971754448531,"score_gpt":0.32527720926106146,"score_spread":0.27348749171657616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385485826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990688,0.000059996306,0.00039840478,0.0000263694,0.000004873315,0.000009384947,0.00025573449,0.0000069622183,0.00016956346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973832,0.00009096252,0.0010003542,0.000050636965,0.0000035963787,0.000020888327,0.000507795,0.0000054298052,0.0009372392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997979,0.000026375687,0.000011396415,0.00006570629,0.00004788324,0.000050676026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998965,0.000014804924,0.00002611143,0.0000046385426,0.00002410058,0.00003381681],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015151898,0.000199399,0.00022531493,0.0002512335,0.00031044235,0.00042644746,0.00012574105,0.00050656154,0.00083590555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000232949,0.0001477997,0.00022667716,0.00018185991,0.00024145209,0.00035870753,0.00040759175,0.0003345346,0.00014690062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016163748,0.00004955013,0.004634774,0.000014980327,0.000007729914,0.000012799406,0.0000622745,0.000035954927,0.99369484,0.00003276329,0.00003259742,0.001260097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002494384,0.0014101721,0.4665716,0.000019273159,0.00008668725,0.0003517409,0.0008438043,0.003472323,0.52521753,0.00024680936,0.001715155,0.000040035313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021182317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002374712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021182317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017551046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000299883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042117834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385660546","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121988","title":"Adsorption of heavy metals on the surface of nanofiltration membranes: “A curse or blessing”?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Tata Memorial Centre; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Chemistry; Metal; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04295672573059109,"score_gpt":0.2980566447594166,"score_spread":0.25509991902882556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385660546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8995428,0.034279436,0.027684951,0.024178255,0.0024758193,0.00009609356,0.00024999713,0.00064606953,0.010846619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.959944,0.008685995,0.0046260622,0.00558501,0.00030892238,0.000026648644,0.00017892053,0.0001478741,0.020496534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941206,0.00009738679,0.000038325747,0.00009522059,0.00022442313,0.00013256936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995714,0.00013133929,0.00004731331,0.000052383948,0.00016270725,0.000034873974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090828666,0.00038992954,0.00070708117,0.0002503779,0.0006411698,0.00089483906,0.00064083684,0.0016588325,0.002267555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013981035,0.0003251158,0.0006997488,0.00015597016,0.00093262043,0.0018992128,0.00072108227,0.001334634,0.0011191544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032695234,0.000054696044,0.0010697733,0.0005805245,0.0000940239,0.00025760007,0.00047156715,0.00018351125,0.9707056,0.0019305353,0.0028437185,0.021481408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027339696,0.0003016433,0.004451143,0.000114354705,0.00007774329,0.00040099406,0.0006395589,0.0016181119,0.96865094,0.0025348573,0.021131588,0.000051748204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023783226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034925647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023783226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006424329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043364803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007585764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385773316","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115397","title":"Membrane technology for treating decanted oily wastewater from marine oil spill operations: Comparison between membrane filtration and membrane bioreactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Decantation; Filtration (mathematics); Seawater; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Waste management; Dispose pattern; Environmental science; Petroleum; Pulp and paper industry; Produced water; Hydrocarbon; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018252240151766,"score_gpt":0.2552549911336433,"score_spread":0.2370027509818773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385773316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.975902,0.009538013,0.011375485,0.0002594648,0.00013718994,0.00007510065,0.0002003001,0.00006952899,0.002442836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773628,0.009956173,0.009187893,0.0001066828,0.000040282925,0.00005214062,0.00030540442,0.000022478545,0.0029660945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995696,0.000088421155,0.000036373098,0.000055103526,0.00018707944,0.00006340756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973756,0.00006615332,0.000030801286,0.000011974633,0.00012788798,0.000025727659],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061446463,0.00032106534,0.0006447192,0.000839176,0.00067417,0.0009101475,0.00037721082,0.0007535736,0.000791616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057871826,0.00014283226,0.00078508817,0.0009056575,0.0002127932,0.00081689376,0.00036399273,0.0004600309,0.00030762222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008557904,0.00019597841,0.0018077146,0.00048346573,0.0000727376,0.00010737922,0.00010086469,0.00054976525,0.9666376,0.00020661717,0.00014824678,0.028833892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052883574,0.002209471,0.019743023,0.00005266002,0.00029094872,0.0004417345,0.00030781727,0.0025707483,0.9661556,0.00015336058,0.007984683,0.000037197347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0060645803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061699036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060645803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00094208133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00089396164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012058616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385835719","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.3c00138","title":"Efficacy of Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for the Treatment of Oil-Field Produced Water Intended for Beneficial Reuse","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Produced water; Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Environmental science; Reuse; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.01943581572938516,"score_gpt":0.2427888675842763,"score_spread":0.22335305185489115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385835719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99745184,0.000513365,0.0012003497,0.000046471177,0.0000105643,0.00002162401,0.000060189464,0.000013658958,0.0006818773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959561,0.00044881212,0.0028723755,0.0000299456,0.000003686174,0.000020415458,0.00006978615,0.0000075831404,0.00059122307],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996549,0.000063318825,0.000038315542,0.00008438448,0.00010005493,0.000058943864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998072,0.000040327952,0.00006014076,0.00001306503,0.00006367985,0.000015566698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004197251,0.00035260027,0.0002707986,0.00012065573,0.00027967902,0.00039612516,0.00019084937,0.0004802123,0.00036602977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004987531,0.00011595881,0.00029667467,0.000099754274,0.0002258337,0.0005230533,0.00021739947,0.00034054005,0.000104464256],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006395508,0.0000209186,0.0006861507,0.000054233682,0.0000083447085,0.000014399661,0.000027546484,0.00016316479,0.99655944,0.000031652093,0.000017782328,0.0023524542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051535944,0.00035378546,0.005269418,0.000006588455,0.000020702799,0.00003915191,0.0000548976,0.0007873585,0.99242663,0.0000150876995,0.0010137196,0.0000074975637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0046229153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00797937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046229153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006232805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048224672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00919199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385894286","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4534487","title":"A Non-Substrate-Specific Technique of Antifouling and Antiwetting Janus Membrane Fabrication for Membrane Distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Janus; Biofouling; Membrane distillation; Fabrication; Membrane; Substrate (aquarium); Materials science; Distillation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Desalination; Engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.02267260574615661,"score_gpt":0.26733847990745874,"score_spread":0.24466587416130212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385894286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71292114,0.005641644,0.26896843,0.00043256168,0.0008620489,0.00031578814,0.00028025292,0.0012842953,0.009293801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86512905,0.0021142545,0.12373082,0.00017156315,0.00015982022,0.0002290341,0.00029466167,0.00019611036,0.007974681],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994299,0.000049863396,0.000040059833,0.00014319584,0.00026449934,0.000072546936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966323,0.000067870096,0.000072705814,0.000116828545,0.00005829476,0.0000211127],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034529582,0.0005772895,0.00063814083,0.0004214849,0.00069916726,0.00052248244,0.0009513874,0.0006978462,0.00095401745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042614303,0.0005194927,0.00046694622,0.00035581426,0.000445065,0.0008253566,0.0007732692,0.0014386434,0.00073131337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010242001,0.000012045627,0.0000535215,0.00007693517,0.0000060560324,0.000035241734,0.000027122029,0.000036090474,0.99618894,0.0005407098,0.00005939354,0.0029537934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021772332,0.00004735762,0.00041061972,0.0000026822859,0.0000066396706,0.00020429236,0.000010233173,0.0008386302,0.9964311,0.000117857206,0.001920018,0.000008331238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014068963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048269788,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095401745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019604746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003770478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031915307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386002415","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122001","title":"Experimental and theoretical analysis of scaling mitigation for corrugated PVDF membranes in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Scaling; Materials science; Mass transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Heat transfer; Turbulence; Mechanics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.013322590774886024,"score_gpt":0.2898329788133348,"score_spread":0.2765103880384488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386002415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9743178,0.0005387386,0.016755622,0.00016689263,0.0000514282,0.000050916566,0.00025833456,0.0002648581,0.007595516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982681,0.00009632493,0.0011997673,0.000009095198,0.0000031102254,0.000013937295,0.000036328234,0.000008180368,0.0003651232],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995926,0.000040090472,0.000010669723,0.00007315141,0.00021165489,0.000071858485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955267,0.0002097104,0.000035600566,0.000053875032,0.00013899145,0.000009202124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046382888,0.0003916098,0.00029319865,0.0002467045,0.00049901154,0.00040514118,0.00065057835,0.00056364445,0.002767859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010227053,0.00018515847,0.00031706563,0.00030518623,0.00046598577,0.0006107492,0.00026411796,0.00042258602,0.0003578898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040961022,0.00012256273,0.0011652872,0.0002256969,0.000015319736,0.00017249289,0.0001251061,0.013701356,0.97011817,0.002228883,0.0005160748,0.011199407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013001563,0.00026884876,0.0024737334,0.000007851995,0.000016098116,0.000040311726,0.00009298089,0.06513584,0.9303191,0.00042082366,0.0011960818,0.000015408425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014418522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013074714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002767859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005683963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023979109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009259403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386020785","doi":"10.1002/app.54585","title":"Highly hydrophilic and antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) hybrid ultrafiltration membranes incorporated with silver‐loaded iron‐based metal–organic frameworks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Fluoride; Hybrid material; Dispersion (optics); Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.008953357335085625,"score_gpt":0.22077336653276172,"score_spread":0.2118200091976761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386020785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98800194,0.0011188717,0.009753631,0.000050813414,0.000021797608,0.000019453757,0.000119457385,0.00016274069,0.0007513218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901164,0.0006138782,0.007870404,0.000032095966,0.000010886309,0.000021274473,0.00013727839,0.000018138458,0.0011795629],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999,0.000009041128,0.0000057182547,0.00002171681,0.0000326086,0.000030892083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999329,0.000009090612,0.000023262672,0.0000035744476,0.00001898736,0.0000122057445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016280361,0.00043775837,0.0002911074,0.00023847054,0.00016227728,0.00028462647,0.0002580972,0.00044289915,0.0002677007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013132663,0.00014264716,0.0003398889,0.0001392457,0.0001394756,0.00034046295,0.00016484132,0.00026642327,0.00015066506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001114948,0.000006688976,0.00003367821,0.00001671591,0.0000028104587,0.000020990597,0.000003404848,0.00005110159,0.99928397,0.00002032078,0.00000862972,0.00054046046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004374084,0.000073942385,0.0012558918,0.0000026495168,0.000009803115,0.00007867351,0.000009001069,0.0009878462,0.9969319,0.000013160069,0.00062754843,0.0000052380597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008442939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012509312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008442939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033059338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011707955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023986697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386024461","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124877","title":"Leveraging coagulation mechanisms to reduce fouling and increase natural organic matter removal during coagulation/flocculation-ultrafiltration treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Flocculation; Coagulation; Alum; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Adsorption; Natural organic matter; Humic acid; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Organic matter; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01594930162567385,"score_gpt":0.2698393760911212,"score_spread":0.2538900744654473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386024461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99081904,0.0010132351,0.0069694533,0.000107455795,0.00006653477,0.000035226793,0.000042421252,0.00012661399,0.00082010194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99483514,0.00048105628,0.003596687,0.00005533754,0.000012415393,0.000015706835,0.00003328354,0.000012291034,0.00095810625],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987876,0.000010871475,0.000009481437,0.000023358178,0.000036832163,0.000040632898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999169,0.000014250734,0.00002933247,0.0000061050478,0.000019164832,0.000014167452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001779734,0.0003500351,0.00018865278,0.00021736074,0.00020156264,0.0004228284,0.00019996522,0.00039720233,0.000543073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019223189,0.0001210142,0.00034526488,0.00012570928,0.00017056041,0.00041219022,0.00021875623,0.00044254423,0.0001466174],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023299923,0.00003914948,0.0000972462,0.00003663597,0.00000559823,0.000016262959,0.000009629485,0.00012260511,0.99685353,0.00006639126,0.000032534837,0.002697197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058081214,0.00010619088,0.0008982816,0.0000025859383,0.000012800194,0.000028635126,0.000008172302,0.00096741115,0.99742377,0.000026766731,0.00051562476,0.000003943002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000726955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014356879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000726955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029550993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003261779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021440387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386031627","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2023.249","title":"Impacts of hydration and dehydration on microfiltration point-of-use filters: performance and cleaning impacts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Microfiltration; Volumetric flow rate; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Filter (signal processing); Dehydration; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.024745925276648213,"score_gpt":0.2525249357582729,"score_spread":0.2277790104816247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386031627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99790514,0.00043054274,0.0009930716,0.000026521147,0.000008770436,0.000020750169,0.00010768184,0.000029146178,0.00047833702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961361,0.00046939906,0.002159909,0.000036004956,0.0000053140393,0.000018676792,0.00018223844,0.00001942998,0.0009728466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996189,0.000053718784,0.000027825305,0.00005728449,0.00018748768,0.00005472023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996195,0.00010287612,0.00009197409,0.00003137164,0.00012585752,0.00002843204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037733652,0.00029434697,0.00029898144,0.0002073935,0.000228724,0.00043723002,0.00024838635,0.00031501078,0.0010638554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008514447,0.00015092072,0.0003071384,0.00019257495,0.00023506564,0.00041262267,0.00027789024,0.00039406982,0.00019715173],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000883787,0.000024234687,0.00085563445,0.00006794453,0.000010556922,0.000027450395,0.00004261416,0.00014085013,0.99636555,0.000010918981,0.000019911766,0.0023459157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025170175,0.00035288098,0.0132395,0.000006756644,0.000017126249,0.00008126756,0.00008243037,0.00035610783,0.98514,0.0000077914365,0.0007045175,0.000009152887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014686042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021513014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014686042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026391583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016929497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035589337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386077797","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4548060","title":"Pa Layer Tuned Via Ta-Loaded Stabilized Chemically Converted Graphene Oxide Sandwich for High-Performance Forward Osmosis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Membrane; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.01694627979788599,"score_gpt":0.24642993927228496,"score_spread":0.22948365947439897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386077797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.988111,0.0008061754,0.00846528,0.00020554716,0.00016486783,0.000011687663,0.00018223238,0.0002454617,0.0018077001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99542576,0.00027588362,0.0032083553,0.000038505936,0.000014541436,0.00000782435,0.00005373299,0.000016437316,0.00095890823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999335,0.000005031105,0.0000032234434,0.000023655646,0.00002056999,0.000013948609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999502,0.000011350033,0.000011217748,0.000006134292,0.000012939024,0.000008098949],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008549915,0.00025735635,0.0001753691,0.00013283658,0.00017719585,0.00034714947,0.00031305692,0.00045974442,0.00083843025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013279998,0.00013446476,0.00018229673,0.00014374139,0.00015571991,0.00037431341,0.00022267734,0.00050401705,0.00037040072],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022644359,0.000004637557,0.000021092717,0.00001706761,0.0000024542144,0.000022571054,0.0000076166884,0.00004351398,0.99920386,0.00007985727,0.000047981055,0.0005267294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002413796,0.000022707856,0.00014025312,0.0000011132953,0.0000038179946,0.000023872095,0.000005730887,0.00082158064,0.9985734,0.00001939535,0.00038305426,0.000002698465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022384388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004864174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00083843025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014932892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009373008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028048158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386099018","doi":"10.3390/membranes13090750","title":"A Comparative Study of the Self-Cleaning and Filtration Performance of Suspension Plasma-Sprayed TiO2 Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Fouling; Suspension (topology); Titanium dioxide; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021201262178987275,"score_gpt":0.2462747958268376,"score_spread":0.22507353364785032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386099018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99076617,0.0023445357,0.006327555,0.000052376414,0.000020585345,0.000014683943,0.000063118336,0.00005081509,0.00036026514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99151707,0.0013779621,0.006038569,0.00004608023,0.000016718099,0.000016663978,0.00015788057,0.000022720506,0.0008064728],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999572,0.00006384399,0.000031370964,0.00007474597,0.00018341314,0.00007470905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996245,0.00012643245,0.000069014044,0.000026892823,0.00013060853,0.000022585724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006190437,0.0003612474,0.0004618827,0.00030887825,0.0002596472,0.0004137507,0.0002900234,0.0006790387,0.00030587398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070428586,0.00013178185,0.00060646114,0.00023807138,0.00018372886,0.0007045436,0.0001590227,0.0003251276,0.00013145253],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030377008,0.000011270816,0.00019758528,0.000046703757,0.000010631277,0.000022569733,0.000021026835,0.00005245239,0.9979075,0.000016660839,0.000010257439,0.0016730995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022246247,0.00013953274,0.0026902026,0.0000021213232,0.000016412534,0.000101499936,0.000017438757,0.00046204164,0.9961283,0.000010674361,0.0004240646,0.000005373326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000864834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00070860365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000864834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003461985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020940276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032738447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386102094","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.08.025","title":"Model development and validation for human serum proteins- membrane interactions: Membrane fouling applications in ultrafiltration of patients blood","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"DLVO theory; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemical physics; Biological system; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physical chemistry; Colloid; Engineering; Biochemistry; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.02338173147002093,"score_gpt":0.250567673476656,"score_spread":0.22718594200663506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386102094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5934939,0.0006684712,0.3893191,0.00066693086,0.0001399545,0.00048487665,0.0027891775,0.0011556724,0.011282035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9527467,0.0003626048,0.040395744,0.0000807017,0.000012629974,0.0004028531,0.0013413186,0.00008677039,0.004570615],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995485,0.00015656657,0.000023967637,0.000070742106,0.00014011748,0.00006005231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895954,0.0004479782,0.000063796666,0.000087052045,0.0004063784,0.000035276138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012478948,0.00059811183,0.00058459974,0.00025767527,0.00046097112,0.00078703044,0.0011988544,0.0013890093,0.0022795864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021181128,0.00028210963,0.0010864213,0.00025556696,0.00027970385,0.0004810053,0.0005677238,0.00089527684,0.00051029463],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001546878,0.00016452727,0.002335177,0.00015489003,0.000059695038,0.00008788614,0.000051769566,0.9733846,0.0116989575,0.001251214,0.00068337587,0.00997329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022867493,0.000096825075,0.0006314303,0.000010216603,0.000017560944,0.000018512055,0.00001643859,0.9895586,0.0081437295,0.00035532578,0.0011202131,0.000008330164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027602402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012639883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027602402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009559683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025099565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05488348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386180073","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00007-0","title":"Bio-sourced and biodegradable materials for membrane fabrication","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanotechnology; Sustainability; Appeal; Engineering; Biopolymer; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Polymer; Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.02292504198016083,"score_gpt":0.23953909144173607,"score_spread":0.21661404946157525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386180073","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01228424,0.20340453,0.15415312,0.0016401095,0.003389514,0.0001826929,0.0014132431,0.0016862149,0.62184644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.020246604,0.09353451,0.051997144,0.00050575496,0.0003061188,0.00013718619,0.0010206511,0.0005366075,0.8317155],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998369,0.000006513098,0.000009719622,0.000024030705,0.000112727495,0.000009956315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999484,0.000018416986,0.00000575274,0.0000081243315,0.0000157269,0.0000036041295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018914304,0.0009832442,0.0004600686,0.001296542,0.00031829101,0.0013528456,0.0008923052,0.0009937013,0.025394313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015427406,0.00064284663,0.00044270055,0.0017306719,0.00028272488,0.0020916893,0.00069279026,0.0012734891,0.01918351],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046871297,0.00013741768,0.000053000113,0.0017550632,0.000019630756,0.0003188908,0.00012216996,0.0015491546,0.39931133,0.038599562,0.03169534,0.5263915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008379046,0.000046065776,0.00023138212,0.00027408998,0.0000137827465,0.00055082503,0.000035506342,0.00120539,0.16457485,0.010785192,0.8222552,0.00001934097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005177603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017670905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025394313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081234606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003524719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08495247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386181428","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00001-x","title":"An introduction to green membrane technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Environmental economics; Balance (ability); Consumption (sociology); Sustainable development; Energy consumption; Natural resource economics; Membrane technology; Engineering; Business; Membrane; Economics; Economic growth; Political science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014087807645958295,"score_gpt":0.24407696859518027,"score_spread":0.22998916094922198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386181428","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010258324,0.07313057,0.021047248,0.0027908904,0.0050583147,0.000095803414,0.0005898921,0.00063823187,0.8956233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018801994,0.034160383,0.005614612,0.00096888957,0.00045607722,0.000049850267,0.00031643955,0.00020246721,0.9563511],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978274,0.000011336514,0.000008319416,0.000029013147,0.00014676985,0.000021904763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990976,0.00003156908,0.0000036166468,0.000010106156,0.000034444085,0.000010489035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019632617,0.0011595362,0.0008613585,0.0020045654,0.00093197904,0.002079954,0.00085127965,0.0016450861,0.09897316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000279343,0.0006254587,0.0006828445,0.0027183613,0.0005386678,0.0025336237,0.0014085097,0.002288081,0.077215865],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032641237,0.00013613442,0.000046478017,0.0009335128,0.000010040502,0.0002241122,0.00020856202,0.00097648567,0.01399222,0.07878044,0.35901618,0.54564315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013206542,0.000008066798,0.000041676285,0.00009445305,0.0000017878677,0.000073609655,0.000019549774,0.00013025511,0.0010461049,0.0100696655,0.98850876,0.0000046835635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013463579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003935179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09897316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001169552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010931143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3310982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386183631","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00005-7","title":"Exploring biomimetic membranes: applications and challenges","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Commercialization; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Population; Environmental science; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Business","score_opus":0.11353368107897671,"score_gpt":0.25408604304593674,"score_spread":0.14055236196696003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386183631","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010900294,0.50367403,0.048551507,0.0075053605,0.0036350861,0.000096966876,0.000600444,0.0005951021,0.4244413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.021085972,0.41459116,0.035404153,0.0020023882,0.0009784115,0.000119358716,0.00057511067,0.00025900695,0.5249844],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998822,0.000007869085,0.0000042651477,0.000018648774,0.000073861935,0.000013023377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999343,0.000028625596,0.000004136142,0.0000053621397,0.000018896166,0.000008508465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003263076,0.0007158083,0.0006709907,0.0007465905,0.00051831803,0.0028738475,0.0008418671,0.0012884609,0.019045228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018999184,0.0004703417,0.00045791615,0.0014519755,0.0006173992,0.0032510771,0.00089611195,0.0016837656,0.012072594],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005556829,0.0001737706,0.00010299673,0.002811057,0.000021397227,0.00031399095,0.0002672091,0.0018726393,0.19146684,0.083961375,0.065840065,0.6531132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000063372668,0.000057502857,0.00016639734,0.0003914052,0.000010709146,0.0004378782,0.000124864,0.0009400903,0.02762421,0.022993326,0.9472288,0.000018360448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069583097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017997493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019045228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065429055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006730577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06371266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386226653","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124868","title":"Electric field forward osmosis (EFFO) fouling mitigation in algae harvesting","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"King Saud University; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Environmental engineering; Chlorella vulgaris; Environmental science; Materials science; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Algae; Ecology","score_opus":0.013613534191766368,"score_gpt":0.27590384489169756,"score_spread":0.2622903106999312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386226653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97707385,0.0040058778,0.013598548,0.00042148016,0.00012567597,0.000016032613,0.000068009635,0.00007300057,0.0046175923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99271625,0.0014385749,0.0025027299,0.00005305762,0.000018134479,0.0000052581427,0.00003227035,0.0000037186664,0.003230156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999373,0.000006626375,0.0000032578375,0.000013369303,0.000026077878,0.000013329785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996436,0.0000072483735,0.000005905972,0.0000026631274,0.000015896685,0.0000039227843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001435243,0.00017192298,0.000112949034,0.00020033524,0.00021721695,0.00030566117,0.00013975329,0.00023421955,0.0005194559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078780315,0.00005464699,0.00015098996,0.00016995227,0.00012566746,0.0003967501,0.00021503161,0.00022532737,0.00012251572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013134244,0.00009757219,0.0016611516,0.00016257419,0.000016777236,0.00008508669,0.000029298972,0.002178182,0.94024813,0.0013051404,0.0004130996,0.05367161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000074529307,0.00018792867,0.004125093,0.000010404524,0.00001821435,0.00010713716,0.00008292114,0.010134381,0.9794439,0.0006206033,0.0052525513,0.000009330391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093420484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016968562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00093420484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028057184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024199646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002035737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386258457","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122034","title":"Novel lignosulfonated polyester membranes with remarkable permeability and antifouling characteristics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Polyester; Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Monomer; Chromatography; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01707979462967248,"score_gpt":0.25060865364070445,"score_spread":0.23352885901103196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386258457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880166,0.0015881504,0.007964806,0.00015760069,0.00006551886,0.00001921552,0.00010659953,0.00014534802,0.0019361606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99169016,0.00079075916,0.00396693,0.00007994195,0.000017138289,0.000018475872,0.00014292011,0.00001639851,0.0032772932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999304,0.000008130362,0.0000056526806,0.000010300369,0.000020199212,0.000025449108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991655,0.000010430552,0.000022793241,0.00000890773,0.000018256638,0.00002307741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001426481,0.00039689022,0.00018051703,0.00014511634,0.00013942427,0.00028035662,0.00023301184,0.00049672154,0.0004157196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001551965,0.0001494859,0.0002078821,0.00015784225,0.00013480471,0.00047914122,0.00023501948,0.0004336189,0.00025128067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043058426,0.000015189376,0.000049495706,0.00003943794,0.000004525644,0.0000907619,0.000014884652,0.000077334094,0.99742573,0.0001261179,0.000050551982,0.0020628995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005939033,0.00009082129,0.0005682473,0.0000021353476,0.000007058832,0.00018616632,0.0000107109445,0.00051875744,0.99711645,0.000034070166,0.001454312,0.000005385026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021505437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000490214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00049672154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015006946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013911007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013906956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386416867","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00277-3","title":"Enhancing ultrafiltration membrane permeability and antifouling performance through surface patterning with features resembling feed spacers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Fabrication; Biofouling; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.017214681926762395,"score_gpt":0.24146861399055933,"score_spread":0.22425393206379693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386416867","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99201196,0.00037391356,0.0064210068,0.000048244958,0.000024992683,0.000016951004,0.00008014838,0.00009500362,0.0009277752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98920864,0.00033396357,0.009629927,0.000031969015,0.000007713016,0.000014077149,0.00006191383,0.000019048306,0.0006928391],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991167,0.000010926496,0.0000063616603,0.000018837998,0.000031607273,0.000020700052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998617,0.00003590666,0.000047296104,0.0000178114,0.000024969851,0.000012310717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099574936,0.0004338798,0.00017938201,0.00016590649,0.00009511839,0.00034000463,0.00021752181,0.00033275617,0.00046170753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002685781,0.00014605533,0.00018858569,0.00012311744,0.0001654987,0.00034456595,0.00018852006,0.00025829955,0.00019588658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000098913815,0.0000062508925,0.00005479275,0.000023134537,0.0000018780007,0.000023093295,0.000004839782,0.000058023932,0.9989458,0.000023124632,0.000009409564,0.0008397333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003382688,0.000073010444,0.00085635076,0.000002105306,0.000005065141,0.000059846636,0.000012563765,0.0006577254,0.9978928,0.000012286251,0.00042113857,0.0000037624352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029139395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005155543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00046170753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016403523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001147134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015445352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386432426","doi":"10.1007/978-981-19-9822-5_234","title":"A Comprehensive Review on Contaminant Transfer in Membrane Energy Recovery Ventilators","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental science and engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Energy recovery ventilation; HVAC; Ventilation (architecture); Indoor air quality; Waste management; Environmental science; Membrane; Energy consumption; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Air conditioning; Engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.023975098134304755,"score_gpt":0.24892353036776602,"score_spread":0.22494843223346125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386432426","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000088415945,0.9990018,0.00013117847,0.00008943701,0.00013993456,0.000006639821,0.000038108654,0.000005933846,0.00049847143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00034110836,0.9988662,0.00019823528,0.000104406085,0.00008442581,0.0000069687503,0.000043909153,0.0000015631098,0.0003531992],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965847,0.000060207676,0.00007084826,0.0000597053,0.00012149567,0.000029130082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994966,0.0002608858,0.000087781795,0.000012325847,0.000119565426,0.00002287221],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000824778,0.0012195964,0.0021130645,0.0032224965,0.00026907556,0.00122114,0.00081872975,0.0011480565,0.0046289843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012272754,0.0003726345,0.0011467744,0.0033091686,0.00026869515,0.001410529,0.0007547019,0.0011975671,0.0015594615],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010805759,0.000090283094,0.000099639554,0.09790818,0.00026991314,0.00013075059,0.00004686779,0.000445314,0.0034789718,0.0017146345,0.026959604,0.86874783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003588095,0.00021986014,0.0009870816,0.018422334,0.0008017393,0.00050148263,0.000052772073,0.0001290465,0.0013712996,0.00093010033,0.9765062,0.000042274343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015494647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032508685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046289843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056872086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019205658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015485525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386687023","doi":"10.3390/membranes13090787","title":"Organic Compounds Responsible for the Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membrane Treating Algae-Laden Water","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Organic matter; Dissolved organic carbon; Adsorption; Chromatography; Polysaccharide; Water treatment; Algae; Humic acid; Environmental chemistry; Cationic polymerization; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Botany; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.025672421020702014,"score_gpt":0.26265032581874487,"score_spread":0.23697790479804284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386687023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968335,0.00090932654,0.001673827,0.000021852627,0.0000062638806,0.000014773456,0.00008142762,0.000010919975,0.00044813822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963405,0.000584985,0.0021854886,0.000028838078,0.0000042283023,0.000016578393,0.00013539105,0.0000057534035,0.00069827697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998047,0.000030238867,0.0000134686725,0.000030166051,0.000075330994,0.00004619622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987924,0.000029532137,0.000034309698,0.0000038520893,0.00003967005,0.00001338164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021074315,0.0003443458,0.0001937988,0.00032459304,0.00028950622,0.00036911975,0.00012427157,0.00035953883,0.00038394917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003290181,0.00012526594,0.00026871767,0.00025998062,0.00020033716,0.00031919812,0.00013750547,0.00023691858,0.00011915076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046931556,0.000009306962,0.0013488121,0.00005575589,0.000008182063,0.000028910274,0.000022257787,0.00009049875,0.9959357,0.00003337118,0.000009621005,0.0024107536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035910964,0.00008408983,0.016461423,0.000006470591,0.000017367436,0.00006341993,0.000053258562,0.00043547084,0.9823498,0.000043106822,0.00047704735,0.0000049768646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021744643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018984689,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021744643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042928048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000333363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004323542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386777234","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2023.09.053","title":"3E assessment of a solar-driven reverse osmosis plant for seawater desalination in a small island of the Mediterranean Sea","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Society of Transplantation; European Commission","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Brackish water; Solar desalination; Boiler feedwater; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025889540812032052,"score_gpt":0.26283737299088833,"score_spread":0.2369478321788563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386777234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890744,0.000119200035,0.0038207672,0.0001324539,0.00002446744,0.00015839477,0.00064995326,0.00028369803,0.005736652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960437,0.00008163693,0.0019300347,0.00001639759,0.0000019190836,0.00004902714,0.00023709096,0.00001612798,0.0016242566],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997837,0.000050436796,0.000009833709,0.000045852066,0.00007343537,0.00003676034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997509,0.0000705841,0.000016001395,0.000025251344,0.0000987603,0.000038427694],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044272418,0.0009020616,0.0007250644,0.0004370931,0.0006630509,0.0010415368,0.0010369894,0.0015256556,0.0027038583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004384059,0.00036111486,0.0012318152,0.0003372861,0.00035315836,0.00075290387,0.0005939914,0.0006082017,0.00067912054],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014184935,0.00093154516,0.0281383,0.0005796412,0.00019975101,0.0027349244,0.00023890016,0.8629221,0.07700263,0.0008041192,0.0017423499,0.023287203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025729,0.0028401471,0.030882854,0.000031615098,0.00018095017,0.00020943779,0.00057833246,0.93762463,0.023522884,0.00042287624,0.0033805864,0.000068430665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02705576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.023745306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02705576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018734506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083596964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05379659},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386802351","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-41446-9","title":"Smart dynamic hybrid membranes with self-cleaning capability","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Fouling; Process engineering; Environmental science; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01258154574577745,"score_gpt":0.27088539952633184,"score_spread":0.25830385378055437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386802351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9382085,0.0025337848,0.052687287,0.0005795857,0.00014064902,0.000076593395,0.000317278,0.00051263266,0.0049435557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9745393,0.001263899,0.020852845,0.00021465465,0.00002348796,0.000094523784,0.00018452437,0.00003357882,0.0027931985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998877,0.00001244802,0.00000892133,0.000027139522,0.000039251943,0.000024574674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999019,0.00002133863,0.00002922113,0.000012682801,0.000017477945,0.000017377974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018547688,0.00024578438,0.00022593836,0.00017844103,0.00016774485,0.00042191963,0.00031637898,0.00062587345,0.00061844575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019278606,0.00020911684,0.00027426868,0.00015043796,0.00024245027,0.0006868214,0.0005143797,0.0005056103,0.00029501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001655337,0.000010149316,0.000050703624,0.000053239404,0.0000063545754,0.000041961404,0.000016138514,0.0004118786,0.9966182,0.00080442405,0.00007631023,0.001894247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007498722,0.00007734496,0.00022322036,0.00000351044,0.00000830466,0.00010168083,0.000015058303,0.0032623452,0.9920661,0.00018744178,0.0040336754,0.000013948345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023792773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004709972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00062587345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031211373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001755379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022646189},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387022586","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122106","title":"Design principles and considerations of omniphobic membranes for membrane distillation and contactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Contactor; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Surface energy; Fabrication; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Desalination; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.05646777005482036,"score_gpt":0.28898559135545643,"score_spread":0.23251782130063609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387022586","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20822857,0.007851338,0.7564895,0.0014859737,0.00022428429,0.00042501165,0.00024260907,0.00046470301,0.024587948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76023096,0.005106319,0.22075525,0.00032817048,0.00007872303,0.00036606836,0.00016013952,0.00011737608,0.012856994],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958116,0.000035859393,0.000014750724,0.000039630995,0.00028101634,0.000047598263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983835,0.000045937733,0.000023572824,0.00001238413,0.00006551529,0.000014115712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055465143,0.00039587077,0.00042218357,0.0002890404,0.0006753838,0.0010864327,0.0006692494,0.0009198043,0.0007374107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004842078,0.00049024855,0.00033903422,0.00018178069,0.0003901164,0.0006679463,0.00048322036,0.00053392234,0.00046333464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012179601,0.000045678866,0.00046658918,0.00041860418,0.000026551153,0.0002382543,0.000114515016,0.0105734095,0.9322881,0.031524442,0.0007008091,0.023481315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000047400736,0.00039843563,0.0010450234,0.00004860665,0.00004732756,0.0006989323,0.00013765601,0.10063049,0.85172164,0.006493886,0.03866022,0.000070350194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073898426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015096434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010864327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075101753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006607361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054490566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387117585","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.111139","title":"Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs): A promising technology for high-strength wastewater treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane reactor; Activated sludge; Anaerobic filter; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic digestion; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Methane; Biology","score_opus":0.006057017261586394,"score_gpt":0.20580093906521102,"score_spread":0.19974392180362463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387117585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.807548,0.037075125,0.14199163,0.001978513,0.00058759435,0.00010928548,0.0010601939,0.0009029658,0.008746643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9479404,0.014587305,0.029177357,0.00024236646,0.00016498743,0.00004077005,0.0006699698,0.00003982284,0.007137048],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972945,0.000035585916,0.000014452838,0.00005807516,0.00011742854,0.00004504457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999027,0.000015791633,0.000025815063,0.0000071935187,0.000020408896,0.000028090537],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003131614,0.0005572535,0.0004444363,0.0004584499,0.00041169755,0.0010359219,0.0005091696,0.0007271376,0.000873329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018814333,0.00022353056,0.00032780485,0.00037744772,0.00026588378,0.00072459097,0.0007414681,0.00065745495,0.00059916056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000781218,0.000038829603,0.0005363016,0.00015024302,0.000012838785,0.0000379375,0.000010377075,0.0002456781,0.9791637,0.00037698363,0.0001895289,0.019159537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000182673,0.0002858939,0.001983797,0.000016729111,0.000040808067,0.00032129177,0.000046978126,0.003852019,0.97510713,0.0004730269,0.017835455,0.00001863116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007385802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011060411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010359219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035383488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046988644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029215813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387142927","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122121","title":"The influence of temperature on dynamic membrane structure","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane structure; Shrinkage; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006447471202743569,"score_gpt":0.2546995510350003,"score_spread":0.24825207983225672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387142927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993733,0.0013091242,0.0015232302,0.00014827389,0.00006177646,0.0000139132635,0.000161914,0.000027282473,0.003021567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99903405,0.00024889997,0.0002001998,0.000020486521,0.0000061911887,0.0000045029533,0.000054910062,0.000014929198,0.00041592243],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981743,0.000035674406,0.000010915894,0.00004365296,0.00004335462,0.000048963884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927086,0.00046339695,0.000071111004,0.000051069303,0.00009898683,0.000044519697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026006988,0.00017030511,0.00020507102,0.00014796271,0.0003166521,0.000683762,0.00031200275,0.00031876023,0.0033740061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012984705,0.00023733277,0.00020958274,0.0001360628,0.0005670535,0.00073851016,0.00019897547,0.0005241043,0.0004455188],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011268503,0.00006316703,0.001018742,0.00010280298,0.000027844628,0.00013906974,0.0001484906,0.0016567812,0.9901669,0.0007167004,0.00020379505,0.004628749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022003487,0.00018334885,0.007227641,0.000014226192,0.00002386234,0.000087414264,0.00010530436,0.0046861228,0.9863755,0.0002534189,0.0010026545,0.00001844876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00097430416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076947955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033740061,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048158428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022687025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011287212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387373667","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2023.09.051","title":"Separation techniques in different configurations of hybrid systems via synergetic adsorption and membrane processes for water treatment: A review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Concentration polarization; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Fouling; Process engineering; Hybrid system; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04690630655477614,"score_gpt":0.2925326695185248,"score_spread":0.24562636296374865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387373667","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005713448,0.99808466,0.00058007985,0.00008551247,0.00010827504,0.000011322421,0.000021382093,0.000010600623,0.0005267949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019567935,0.996135,0.00103596,0.000113993054,0.00011015937,0.000016189346,0.0000460679,0.0000033036076,0.00058256334],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969983,0.000030223991,0.000036923124,0.00007264803,0.00012558071,0.000034743967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997002,0.00013562223,0.000051463925,0.000014213283,0.000083327795,0.000015252961],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084156025,0.0013524862,0.0019942038,0.0024747304,0.00027680318,0.00111931,0.0013257918,0.001253812,0.001461247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065681053,0.0006176685,0.0010054044,0.0029928477,0.0004256727,0.0017221557,0.0007825967,0.0014749665,0.0010122528],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017497415,0.0003235175,0.00021101988,0.043254197,0.00035598586,0.0002026266,0.000078166246,0.00097968,0.028610542,0.003625701,0.010574102,0.91160953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007189809,0.00067663693,0.0018786296,0.0050179674,0.000898454,0.0016654993,0.00010659566,0.00090512127,0.031911924,0.0020184356,0.9547123,0.00013647685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006868895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012492185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024747304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040028867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007428189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048883557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387398696","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2023.127","title":"Effect of granular activated carbon adsorption on mitigating microfiltration membrane fouling by algal organic matter","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AQUA - Water Infrastructure Ecosystems and Society","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Dissolved organic carbon; Organic matter; Nanofiltration; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Adsorption; Chemistry; Activated carbon; Membrane; Humic acid; Water treatment; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.003380890186267134,"score_gpt":0.202105889800673,"score_spread":0.19872499961440587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387398696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988319,0.00030666002,0.00042468205,0.000024091869,0.000015509228,0.0000126105,0.000033580956,0.000014191516,0.00033672305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986186,0.00022724102,0.0007899202,0.000021934684,0.0000033104359,0.00000712263,0.000041175143,0.0000032131777,0.00028752105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986076,0.000022334343,0.000010390377,0.000019634383,0.000046258374,0.000040673956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987173,0.000023362514,0.00002747977,0.00001100197,0.00004033525,0.000026070771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012355483,0.0003460068,0.0002127311,0.00019314318,0.00021551459,0.00028236257,0.0001988465,0.0003204568,0.0005560332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024970228,0.000095944735,0.0002949155,0.00014315131,0.00015717288,0.00017805198,0.0001663773,0.00024031018,0.0001124817],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013371315,0.00005328449,0.00030551752,0.000070069334,0.000010977038,0.000026802529,0.000010939749,0.0002135746,0.9972339,0.000016333697,0.000022471797,0.0019024228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009456217,0.00033845115,0.0045103994,0.0000056333824,0.000021307678,0.000027167824,0.000026413396,0.0010610828,0.99352854,0.000012441823,0.00045192993,0.000007114128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002838516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034757757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002838516,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021913866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000217006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005643964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387765979","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122142","title":"Unleashing the potential of scalable, high-water vapor permeance graphene oxide membranes using electrospun supports","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Permeance; Materials science; Membrane; Oxide; Graphene; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Electrospinning; Composite material; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Polymer; Engineering; Permeation","score_opus":0.011673345841346999,"score_gpt":0.2448407538400719,"score_spread":0.2331674079987249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387765979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95545924,0.0077358945,0.020344859,0.003328133,0.000454765,0.000042069416,0.00015963997,0.00032489584,0.012150467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910076,0.0020829597,0.0043189307,0.00024254585,0.00007851919,0.00001709412,0.000069559435,0.000027608974,0.0021551645],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997155,0.000030250416,0.000010513093,0.000033574976,0.00016021481,0.00004993886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948573,0.0002665999,0.000046029396,0.00006418326,0.00009869109,0.000038838712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005200439,0.0002937479,0.00014823738,0.0002092359,0.00039150286,0.00073684205,0.00050168857,0.0009845458,0.0017043273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009861247,0.00017222505,0.0002767351,0.000119825505,0.00047287563,0.0016765089,0.00056017126,0.0011664713,0.00037705014],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007356825,0.000036944635,0.0002133833,0.0001899779,0.000017253291,0.00021859212,0.00008326332,0.0005456076,0.9827187,0.0031943354,0.00047973942,0.012228631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009475375,0.00014965452,0.0005422085,0.000023249759,0.000012870053,0.000092152455,0.000103478946,0.002754359,0.9891572,0.0013751223,0.005768027,0.000012199691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044757838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010541626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017043273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031872312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034728769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005701542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387779566","doi":"10.4028/p-mdniz9","title":"IWAYS - Recycling of Heat, Water and Material across Multiple Sectors: Ceramic, Chemical and Steel Industry","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; National Technical University of Athens; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; European Commission; Università Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Waste management; Raw material; Energy consumption; Ceramic; Flue gas; Environmental science; Efficient energy use; Industrial waste; Tile; Process engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.011940918285023711,"score_gpt":0.2873146452749679,"score_spread":0.2753737269899442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387779566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6861437,0.0046555246,0.13822562,0.0036351345,0.00046588975,0.0014709848,0.006013267,0.0060966527,0.15329325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7938193,0.0027975563,0.09929627,0.00047086822,0.00007792809,0.00056373235,0.007193427,0.0010650232,0.094715916],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986559,0.0001510974,0.00004470603,0.00020081417,0.0006556259,0.00029173796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945945,0.000024943505,0.000060209924,0.000099414814,0.0002525606,0.000103458086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018378332,0.0012185397,0.0008654135,0.0015679866,0.0011020772,0.002444348,0.0009686438,0.001253957,0.008674739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007875564,0.00045832185,0.0014822736,0.0011368077,0.0007459238,0.0022603828,0.004126921,0.0009772978,0.003208947],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0034792905,0.0012685969,0.018336914,0.0023624857,0.0005202167,0.001095971,0.0007464364,0.03022177,0.31749398,0.046034027,0.03512961,0.54331064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004856172,0.0040331157,0.03194174,0.00034877865,0.0003449274,0.0014210844,0.0013117868,0.023953564,0.47921714,0.007928485,0.44887045,0.00014317398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004701823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058118617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008674739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014132182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0050788345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029019892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387781985","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-42401-4","title":"Anomalous water molecular gating from atomic-scale graphene capillaries for precise and ultrafast molecular sieving","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Zhengzhou University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Chemical physics; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Molecular dynamics; Diffusion; Ion; Nanotechnology; Molecular diffusion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.011218369799987638,"score_gpt":0.2596687831188011,"score_spread":0.24845041331881346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387781985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893634,0.00031196946,0.008495046,0.00013370493,0.00004165476,0.000015179584,0.00011540196,0.0002482396,0.0012755694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961583,0.00012522655,0.0032659858,0.000028762222,0.0000063843218,0.000008840714,0.000033573317,0.0000148448,0.00035819615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993825,0.000005984262,0.0000031559455,0.000014009641,0.000020897529,0.000017739392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989927,0.000031477175,0.000026585605,0.000012627468,0.000013618671,0.000016451677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010406378,0.00021491581,0.00008865103,0.00011201161,0.000107173946,0.00019397443,0.00029297423,0.00022779209,0.00067430903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017315158,0.00009721501,0.000098405966,0.00007679687,0.00030147855,0.00030878285,0.00025291633,0.0004159164,0.00014754372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012216498,0.0000060101866,0.000058232425,0.00001669009,0.0000015175291,0.000024884888,0.000014790044,0.000077953846,0.99816775,0.0004594604,0.00006014484,0.0011003204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035443636,0.000038817878,0.00034946555,0.0000014331699,0.0000014779378,0.00002653519,0.000007876995,0.0015264946,0.99693394,0.00010156506,0.0010049593,0.000003910433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028455866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005412901,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00067430903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019961242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010800958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022557974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387849483","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.117463","title":"Nanomaterial-amended anaerobic sludge digestion: Effect of pH as a game changer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Methane; Environmental chemistry; Magnetite; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03500144798125238,"score_gpt":0.3280090125949026,"score_spread":0.29300756461365024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387849483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99838126,0.00018724235,0.0004320264,0.000054026634,0.000058959056,0.00001807701,0.00012222357,0.000016485867,0.00072971964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978976,0.000120694356,0.00089349406,0.000037974798,0.0000067693422,0.000006171196,0.0000758454,0.0000062773884,0.0009551422],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968827,0.00007978102,0.00003463301,0.00007338342,0.000050638875,0.00007327251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947745,0.00024409636,0.00005233788,0.000037884034,0.0000784486,0.00010989711],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030631607,0.00025973757,0.0003999008,0.00013003034,0.00021765998,0.0006098034,0.00039114768,0.00085083605,0.0018145589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080789457,0.00018519642,0.00031581122,0.00016612651,0.0002872509,0.00038608935,0.00025923486,0.0005184038,0.0002519178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.012719869,0.0005920447,0.00075741834,0.00008235242,0.000029595343,0.000099363264,0.000037981066,0.00079816725,0.9815623,0.000068491536,0.00008035065,0.0031721648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010080251,0.0025342486,0.0022974028,0.0000071773497,0.000024029847,0.000045458044,0.00005663683,0.0023575488,0.99192226,0.000047006535,0.00059170014,0.000015829983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036771044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004394491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036771044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003703195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050534453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073114038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387852312","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104391","title":"Dissolved air flotation pretreatment for low-pressure membranes in water treatment: A review of fouling mitigation and product water quality","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Flocculation; Dissolved air flotation; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Water treatment; Environmental science; Water quality; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Sedimentation; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.035084796950974016,"score_gpt":0.3246758436975513,"score_spread":0.2895910467465773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387852312","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015730942,0.9993735,0.000110439236,0.00007655083,0.000092736474,0.000003621895,0.000014523728,0.0000032705839,0.00016818209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00067574903,0.9987073,0.00022554772,0.0000807851,0.0000703185,0.0000035989008,0.00002286786,0.0000011254581,0.00021274807],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999673,0.000038577735,0.000053840427,0.00006228908,0.00013959073,0.000032768556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939287,0.0002437584,0.00012159389,0.000017940112,0.0001880564,0.00003572959],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012302111,0.0012022296,0.002256462,0.003239601,0.00027394123,0.0010717711,0.001067257,0.0012703314,0.002170372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008830059,0.00047694234,0.0009482644,0.0041148723,0.00040630417,0.0015076754,0.0007184586,0.0012675396,0.0009072363],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014406256,0.00018648396,0.00017097642,0.0701883,0.00040430055,0.00012999821,0.000053276366,0.00043266048,0.012350637,0.0019047267,0.016125442,0.89790916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000068397,0.00067020336,0.0022491894,0.011150373,0.001362099,0.00095504435,0.00009852484,0.00037683596,0.008945382,0.001150496,0.9728818,0.00009165877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013481928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035061731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003239601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004867254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013105583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00726068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387869402","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118566","title":"Nanochannel regulation of graphene quantum dots composite membranes via electrospray assisted self-assembly method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbon","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; China Scholarship Council; China Association for Science and Technology","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Materials science; Monomer; Quantum dot; Composite number; Diamine; Covalent bond; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013836289766561065,"score_gpt":0.26034147262018437,"score_spread":0.2465051828536233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387869402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854571,0.0005925895,0.011284773,0.00018375835,0.00007366991,0.000030934996,0.00013074171,0.00026488444,0.0019815776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99475175,0.00019622868,0.0037579825,0.00004296704,0.000008431464,0.000017386861,0.000040872674,0.000017114071,0.0011673032],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997979,0.000020950463,0.000013679975,0.0000675088,0.00006518278,0.00003472236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998585,0.00003947498,0.00003603271,0.000019370165,0.00003278989,0.000013893543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019326051,0.00023167007,0.0001638775,0.0001482084,0.00024303768,0.0002957351,0.00027448736,0.00037020567,0.00061224436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000252898,0.00013029446,0.00020590509,0.0001199276,0.00020709136,0.0003260924,0.0002224503,0.00035913166,0.0001593761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017461498,0.000010288204,0.000035579826,0.000014926867,0.0000028637753,0.000012636521,0.000017827047,0.00010575991,0.99862087,0.00014874652,0.000060793827,0.0009522188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002331957,0.000013774663,0.00016819121,6.759434e-7,0.000001670814,0.000007909255,0.00000493344,0.0013870285,0.99796957,0.000015633064,0.0004249005,0.0000033555018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008674328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001634545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008674328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048201391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021303333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003497243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387998362","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104432","title":"High perm-selectivity and performance of tuned nanofiltration membranes by merging carbon nitride derivatives as interphase layer for efficient water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Graphitic carbon nitride; Sodium sulfate; Chemistry; Sodium; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Photocatalysis","score_opus":0.008796970349472103,"score_gpt":0.2311739587614952,"score_spread":0.2223769884120231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387998362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968328,0.0004615703,0.00175914,0.00005160247,0.000018577102,0.0000053948265,0.00008665092,0.000055127864,0.000729114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99770606,0.00022805938,0.0012367109,0.000020307896,0.000005391361,0.0000056736017,0.00008305902,0.000010910829,0.00070391316],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998828,0.000008550919,0.0000079901965,0.000027663767,0.00004097222,0.000032013013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999343,0.0000154416,0.000016030666,0.000005715425,0.000019081965,0.000009531893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017760927,0.00033429707,0.00021533712,0.00015023383,0.00025778243,0.00023495003,0.000278968,0.00044807867,0.00053589087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016262286,0.00018667892,0.00023082078,0.00012062962,0.00015182428,0.00040549625,0.00020009166,0.0004382187,0.00022181153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000446431,0.0000071365903,0.00005500855,0.000014713183,0.0000018829425,0.000014512372,0.000009045773,0.00006219403,0.99911886,0.00004147656,0.000025444853,0.0006050811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016728394,0.000020222285,0.00031877795,6.002801e-7,0.000002055917,0.000015366195,0.000003998112,0.0005090614,0.99895453,0.000007280044,0.00016433792,0.0000021846422],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010411037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023792088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010411037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003473857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024724586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025205016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388026987","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4617743","title":"A Two-Phase Sharp-Interface Numerical Model of Falling Film Thermal Desalination in a Vertical Channel","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Falling (accident); Channel (broadcasting); Thermal; Materials science; Desalination; Mechanics; Interface (matter); Phase (matter); Computer science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Bubble; Telecommunications; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03348819379420908,"score_gpt":0.3114763285408135,"score_spread":0.2779881347466044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388026987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66843724,0.0012382107,0.26704848,0.001952519,0.00045984777,0.00024991573,0.001000508,0.00050959573,0.05910364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97187334,0.00030539333,0.010158156,0.00017438998,0.000052408577,0.00013606474,0.00021172063,0.00006041523,0.017028179],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998242,0.000036675723,0.000008553151,0.00004563597,0.00004075533,0.000044111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996922,0.00013120742,0.0000350172,0.00002111895,0.00006839696,0.000052021853],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002765502,0.00065277546,0.0010993121,0.00043930512,0.0009489328,0.0014307962,0.0020326627,0.0036519247,0.0038880205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010660285,0.00063102896,0.0008370911,0.0005489298,0.0016522062,0.0013772728,0.0010764033,0.001140828,0.00037710674],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008454696,0.00008292409,0.00051259476,0.00006256169,0.000015411793,0.0001669827,0.000047035755,0.9767755,0.0056234766,0.0148553755,0.00034521866,0.001428321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016907563,0.00001271957,0.00008486068,0.0000021029855,0.0000028675352,0.0000059173894,0.000008059724,0.99883026,0.00024783978,0.00068927614,0.00009393937,0.0000052807877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026137535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008471417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026137535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012570418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015859952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05197078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388202891","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25121","title":"Porous cenosphere ceramic microfiltration membrane: Preparation, characterization, permeability evaluation, and cost estimation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sintering; Membrane; Materials science; Thermogravimetric analysis; Ceramic; Ceramic membrane; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Chemical engineering; Cenosphere; Microfiltration; Composite material; Fly ash; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011126182210077823,"score_gpt":0.22995279538159114,"score_spread":0.2188266131715133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388202891","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97370607,0.0030085715,0.021061603,0.00010253291,0.000015926113,0.00012157762,0.00068147597,0.0001457866,0.0011564009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700217,0.0031896785,0.025008239,0.000017414513,0.000009272023,0.00013338204,0.0006311716,0.000022335933,0.0009668855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995617,0.000054341846,0.00003938912,0.000050480063,0.00024930303,0.000044731303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996295,0.000101113095,0.00008985144,0.000023788381,0.00014235331,0.00001335837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007572006,0.0003515321,0.0004946023,0.0008654976,0.0002495621,0.00030659247,0.00031794223,0.0004699487,0.00047778073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065196503,0.00017764905,0.00044377314,0.00096293434,0.00024093721,0.0006825579,0.0001825096,0.00029166244,0.0001435061],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010529935,0.000048808313,0.00094245543,0.00023630413,0.000014741328,0.00010502956,0.00002667798,0.00080799055,0.99096173,0.00009222658,0.0000662379,0.0065924763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008056507,0.00023020442,0.0046968083,0.000013841868,0.000036956946,0.00016436569,0.00004628937,0.0039738882,0.98971003,0.00004561472,0.0010600027,0.000014001452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015551649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020102083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015551649,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051342085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029486127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004004538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388205974","doi":"10.1007/s13399-023-05020-z","title":"Integrated attached and suspended biomass moving bed membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment: performance and biokinetic study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Biomass (ecology); Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Membrane reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.03303362755496549,"score_gpt":0.2576772462779402,"score_spread":0.2246436187229747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388205974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977684,0.00027975577,0.0016268481,0.000015257673,0.000021078411,0.0000073950628,0.000055748485,0.000025502593,0.00020003713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995621,0.0003102286,0.0021756336,0.000018984332,0.000013196759,0.000012596892,0.0001368471,0.000008473582,0.00170308],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967825,0.00002713298,0.000017412354,0.000075493925,0.00015126636,0.00005055735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998186,0.000022678849,0.000028838493,0.0000150961805,0.00008044323,0.000034284953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024665744,0.00044168474,0.0005806069,0.0002136558,0.00026671757,0.00054500386,0.00055849296,0.0006416683,0.00047771243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025503756,0.00020382828,0.000521229,0.00031930007,0.00016548843,0.00039922603,0.00034023257,0.00059586123,0.00031991344],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016815943,0.00011325665,0.00036389823,0.000031953914,0.000013433247,0.000018225694,0.0000149036905,0.0002797294,0.99734616,0.000024576697,0.0000202943,0.0016053354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024063553,0.001333109,0.004759194,0.0000027419435,0.00005926042,0.000045563243,0.00005551382,0.005706875,0.98749536,0.000020686513,0.00048677978,0.000010965107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017380907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028073739,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017380907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037547867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041816416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003455937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388262934","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117095","title":"Advanced structures of reversal multi-stage flash desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Energy recovery; Energy consumption; Thermal energy; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Energy (signal processing); Chemistry; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.03968329635786061,"score_gpt":0.315493444819384,"score_spread":0.2758101484615234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388262934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.773323,0.004934472,0.15749525,0.0007416345,0.000450817,0.00018632077,0.00051694905,0.0010746231,0.061276883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95898926,0.00083100545,0.02485893,0.00007770375,0.000038414713,0.00008960183,0.00019441923,0.000026898577,0.014893745],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994254,0.0000051766488,0.0000029109376,0.000012664908,0.000023297685,0.000013452634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999573,0.000005305368,0.000008390307,0.000010925973,0.000012041458,0.000006084921],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000088322035,0.00020986548,0.00023620989,0.00017498594,0.00029656183,0.0004261276,0.00067684415,0.00035909814,0.0028512324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009187905,0.0001591113,0.00014465657,0.00015321195,0.00020156459,0.0006076336,0.0003447324,0.00048816486,0.00084604835],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002027246,0.00010692631,0.00036565433,0.0002397059,0.000017889692,0.00015893216,0.00009745115,0.005633692,0.8831747,0.07394055,0.0015575747,0.034504127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000046918503,0.00048615073,0.0011358774,0.000015137528,0.000016498052,0.00022659345,0.000053203974,0.044951275,0.9115685,0.009101204,0.032359723,0.0000389043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021047969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003859061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028512324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041611688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022218215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009538293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388373744","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127887","title":"A review on chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites for applications in environmental remediation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Taizhou University","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Chitosan; Nanocomposite; Environmentally friendly; Hazardous waste; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Oxide; Materials science; Biocompatibility; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Adsorption; Waste management; Metal; Chemistry; Contamination; Metallurgy; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05025628360526018,"score_gpt":0.34395908678478887,"score_spread":0.2937028031795287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388373744","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00052831776,0.9969312,0.00039071613,0.00016748796,0.00030384053,0.000011425047,0.000038434013,0.000017103464,0.0016115203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012106316,0.99669504,0.00053024275,0.00014314773,0.00016519832,0.0000116820665,0.000036755842,0.0000032104708,0.0012041524],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986744,0.000015984302,0.000019389154,0.000029323608,0.00005184503,0.000015903805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980193,0.0000749342,0.000041936455,0.0000057424318,0.000052255204,0.000023248092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031920604,0.0013637156,0.0009667165,0.0031904215,0.00028529318,0.0006995522,0.0006433324,0.00083922996,0.004393465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035476865,0.00046679622,0.0006951351,0.0032870064,0.00025766325,0.0013820023,0.0004758822,0.0011274607,0.0018454976],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010333474,0.00021738207,0.00017037765,0.050267458,0.00016394172,0.0003959915,0.00010545105,0.0012533249,0.0220221,0.0031809497,0.0381124,0.88400733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018320823,0.0003155745,0.0012382702,0.0040648733,0.00019502053,0.0010215042,0.00006033411,0.00025753368,0.0036846222,0.0009888359,0.9881164,0.000038729224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008586543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017655551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004393465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003798103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085115916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014697611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388408522","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.3c00564","title":"A Critical Assessment of Surface-Patterned Membranes and Their Role in Advancing Membrane Technologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; Research Institute Centers, New York University Abu Dhabi; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Electrodialysis; Materials science; Permeation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.011544320058211434,"score_gpt":0.2719848967961075,"score_spread":0.26044057673789606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388408522","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0037888961,0.9794967,0.005838492,0.004302586,0.00094823906,0.000028496004,0.000048388396,0.000027877073,0.005520287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018618785,0.97031456,0.00690181,0.0011747262,0.0006520222,0.000050654773,0.00005737617,0.000016287619,0.0022137181],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869424,0.00037741897,0.00014378013,0.00014122014,0.0005289055,0.000114410235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99784863,0.0010828428,0.00015829662,0.00007305653,0.0007653816,0.000071816896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033957523,0.0006797376,0.0007575607,0.0013983919,0.00042910007,0.0021557258,0.0006332289,0.0017028394,0.002253964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031431273,0.0004949801,0.00049566233,0.0011067848,0.0008760302,0.0044407584,0.000886148,0.0021171637,0.000898006],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015924734,0.00013655107,0.0008272401,0.019111345,0.00009602429,0.0006668922,0.00052314106,0.00266194,0.09983418,0.0787775,0.019899162,0.77730674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001152268,0.000689231,0.0014897386,0.0044104722,0.00008912147,0.0011781217,0.00045455765,0.0013577879,0.046401907,0.015811704,0.9280435,0.00006234701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065743463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011432121,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033957523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013448783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016633722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017958641},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388485691","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.111450","title":"Revolutionizing water purification: Unleashing graphene oxide (GO) membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Membrane; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009390552593447607,"score_gpt":0.19412038689061323,"score_spread":0.1847298342971656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388485691","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3417132,0.36696413,0.111624636,0.10143012,0.008441714,0.00017310341,0.0006093784,0.0014543561,0.067589305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7698657,0.15311179,0.03759443,0.016818842,0.0015639501,0.00006671857,0.00030495648,0.00015975702,0.02051394],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964976,0.000054410993,0.000008838942,0.000041399664,0.00014107996,0.00010456823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973136,0.00010542341,0.000024623634,0.0000226486,0.00006651882,0.000049411286],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055198127,0.0006218129,0.000432001,0.00056245655,0.00060086785,0.0014641818,0.0007399462,0.0024944143,0.0030093817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007928586,0.00017109924,0.0005309537,0.0004922769,0.0014927598,0.0029546167,0.0016593365,0.0023910508,0.00077583967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028904242,0.00036845548,0.00093126995,0.0034196512,0.00014180169,0.00063270965,0.0006530067,0.0037143435,0.5828918,0.11435755,0.02947476,0.26312557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005038168,0.0007245521,0.0012442216,0.00044698972,0.00010937994,0.00043928914,0.0014438034,0.006732973,0.3685226,0.07976176,0.54045683,0.000067159075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002019526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044564516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030093817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081611954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095518713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010067403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388572773","doi":"10.1016/j.rsurfi.2023.100159","title":"Enhancing the hemocompatibility of polyethersulfone (PES) hemodialysis membranes using synthesized pseudo zwittronic polymers with various orientations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Surfaces and Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Coating; Nanoparticle; Surface modification; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.020457656677171785,"score_gpt":0.2687048473099288,"score_spread":0.248247190632757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388572773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959947,0.0005053564,0.0028849288,0.000029904779,0.00000865125,0.000013476569,0.000037850656,0.000018903347,0.0005061735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99365944,0.00044601315,0.0051103854,0.000020572814,0.0000044881904,0.00001252091,0.000056297446,0.0000071195113,0.00068311015],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999287,0.000011895056,0.00000734862,0.000015738819,0.000025938236,0.000010218898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991,0.000018492645,0.00004187253,0.0000059752424,0.0000148016925,0.000008865264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014283988,0.00027366634,0.00006442611,0.00009949426,0.000058027214,0.00014347532,0.00009606008,0.0002003918,0.0003846683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001783888,0.00009260851,0.00016790103,0.00008732944,0.00009343488,0.00026696207,0.00012096689,0.00022921935,0.00011867169],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024148983,0.000007175536,0.00008331881,0.000019871897,0.0000026152634,0.000018192677,0.000006912864,0.000089433226,0.99888235,0.000049827286,0.0000070482806,0.00080906105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037276063,0.00013159515,0.0007274808,0.0000017477372,0.00000514818,0.000052728068,0.000006421419,0.0005077477,0.9980509,0.0000134122365,0.00049702416,0.0000021283442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010997688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023190942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0003846683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012012822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010243847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012868047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388610697","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2023.116966","title":"Development of high performance thin-film (nano) composite membranes for forward osmosis desalination applications- a review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"King Saud University; Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Fouling; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.03109922992328003,"score_gpt":0.27739832728247943,"score_spread":0.2462990973591994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388610697","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007555196,0.99714667,0.00064547616,0.00013001484,0.00017291664,0.000014403201,0.000044572957,0.000014573176,0.0010758665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017761883,0.99600095,0.000931847,0.0001117637,0.00007088878,0.00001201887,0.000060370527,0.0000024512633,0.001033555],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987936,0.000008184246,0.000013733694,0.00002550583,0.000058201305,0.000015059308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998535,0.000045231398,0.00003707634,0.000005169853,0.000045029712,0.00001390994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037181584,0.0009199218,0.0010270972,0.0014196998,0.00019767332,0.0007347637,0.00075898133,0.0008587255,0.0020218252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028914542,0.00034502172,0.00045527334,0.0016584496,0.0001994182,0.0011802595,0.0005278745,0.0010318058,0.001260224],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064062595,0.00014794232,0.00014229536,0.031099742,0.00014050727,0.00024578182,0.000035848367,0.0004953169,0.036379945,0.0030056322,0.012958699,0.9152842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031616353,0.00033110927,0.0010431627,0.0028361522,0.00031681382,0.0011498483,0.000052974698,0.00035284788,0.024236731,0.00094386435,0.96866167,0.000043176366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007142795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016212364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020218252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033353115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006982706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006763637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388723690","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2023.2284688","title":"Concept and analysis of hybrid reversal multi-stage flash and membrane distillation desalination system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Distillation; Seawater; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Chemistry; Process engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014746374890888076,"score_gpt":0.2476199726566366,"score_spread":0.23287359776574854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388723690","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2785785,0.0021387853,0.6794973,0.0006794946,0.00019534696,0.00045006134,0.00037740087,0.0015116974,0.03657152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9456879,0.00060211314,0.040484846,0.000075168486,0.00003141355,0.0001942321,0.00012040379,0.000023460289,0.0127804475],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998665,0.0000125224815,0.0000052970563,0.00003218422,0.00006946245,0.000014083139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999585,0.000007778297,0.0000079623815,0.000004466768,0.000015205583,0.000005985074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015251261,0.00026837227,0.00042779246,0.00019152205,0.00038206892,0.000625403,0.0009299182,0.00059385784,0.002698851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008386007,0.00020881758,0.00036282968,0.00011911736,0.00034368035,0.0006551697,0.00047533994,0.00030623112,0.0005517224],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003270081,0.000114808594,0.00220699,0.00076348096,0.00006525303,0.00132879,0.00024708314,0.25250217,0.63950914,0.04001276,0.0017440955,0.061178427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000049571507,0.0007392994,0.0020427823,0.00003896876,0.000047558475,0.000870152,0.00010009997,0.8393567,0.1294298,0.005886089,0.021376718,0.00006230316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010297853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006143627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002698851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006150479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054076203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009028494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388807264","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125769","title":"Performance of biological ion exchange resin and gravity-driven ceramic membrane hybrid process for surface water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Ceramic membrane; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Water treatment; Effluent; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemical engineering; Ion exchange; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Ion; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.034248966845300904,"score_gpt":0.2946386188412799,"score_spread":0.26038965199597897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388807264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99723095,0.00047600063,0.0016043497,0.000029266235,0.000025537736,0.0000069368302,0.000077744735,0.000073223426,0.00047587403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973768,0.0002436086,0.0012233494,0.000018019527,0.0000069246507,0.0000094216475,0.0000928276,0.000011367712,0.0010176953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998368,0.000011617363,0.000008630213,0.00003779926,0.000065085,0.000040140287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992144,0.000015047136,0.000015511197,0.0000050592103,0.00002631703,0.000016611848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018247201,0.00030320458,0.00034680218,0.0002169913,0.00023244557,0.00034344682,0.00037083283,0.00044820836,0.00083718327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015866858,0.00014655617,0.00044641533,0.0002068228,0.00014644917,0.00029038725,0.00026988465,0.00033844326,0.00026952027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013578527,0.000018184819,0.000117265394,0.00004266887,0.000006289602,0.000020218724,0.000013811871,0.00016785321,0.9980311,0.000027938584,0.000042388932,0.0013764981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000073358324,0.00024956462,0.0012925202,0.0000013435463,0.000014936153,0.000036322814,0.000020471605,0.0018073679,0.996051,0.000010394966,0.00050219125,0.0000065661725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010570079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017610497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010570079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023185568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002750527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028006434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389108015","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117196","title":"Spray-coated porous photothermal layer on PTFE membranes for robust anti-scaling and solar membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"King Abdulaziz University; Science and Technology Development Fund; Nebraska Academy of Sciences; United States Agency for International Development; National Academy of Sciences; Fulbright Association; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Coating; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Vinyl alcohol; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Nanofiltration; Porosity; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.035779491669627,"score_gpt":0.2692314658312597,"score_spread":0.23345197416163266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389108015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98226124,0.0011942722,0.013776343,0.00012584978,0.000105752115,0.000024951349,0.00015485665,0.00031431572,0.0020425061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99326116,0.0004096766,0.0046573523,0.00003398741,0.000011705365,0.000012753887,0.000057878522,0.000022816761,0.001532686],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990654,0.0000050074286,0.0000051179895,0.000027475695,0.000035351968,0.000020386758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992466,0.000014384808,0.000024032724,0.000012577885,0.000017041655,0.0000072208545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010046173,0.0002256262,0.00018277866,0.00012853977,0.00013111891,0.00018537576,0.0003097101,0.0003727665,0.001071424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000160467,0.0002071048,0.0002160283,0.00010227614,0.0001743429,0.0003675587,0.00024607067,0.00045065998,0.00024570987],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022691727,0.0000050021404,0.000025807729,0.00002387601,0.0000027358958,0.000022591385,0.000008204796,0.00007717052,0.99862194,0.00009367326,0.000059072394,0.0010372384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002896211,0.000026211626,0.00024972617,0.0000014986219,0.0000032539258,0.00003315951,0.000004631461,0.0008442014,0.9983329,0.000012952886,0.0004859712,0.0000026988755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041920628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00091813976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001071424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024393748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015441049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035842657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389192120","doi":"10.22215/etd/2023-15680","title":"Investigation of Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning Mechanisms Using Novel Surfactant-Based Cleaning Solutions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dodecylbenzene; Pulmonary surfactant; Cleaning agent; Contact angle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Surface tension; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Biofouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Wetting; Chromatography; Sulfonate; Materials science; Sodium; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.05889441163231046,"score_gpt":0.2692717913650311,"score_spread":0.21037737973272064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389192120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99121475,0.0039781504,0.0031506969,0.00006621521,0.000022657243,0.00004124265,0.00006697619,0.000020411022,0.0014389087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9832028,0.005993661,0.0077905226,0.0000414329,0.000010529977,0.000034132518,0.00013743565,0.000008393524,0.0027809667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989295,0.000010784124,0.000007621505,0.000020405972,0.000046863763,0.000021359674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999229,0.000016924621,0.000015270856,0.0000038163275,0.00003452412,0.000006542333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019988706,0.0001933866,0.00017378922,0.00017543348,0.00013483466,0.00026156887,0.00017360572,0.0002617118,0.00040574645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017941726,0.00008408299,0.00030371404,0.00015998345,0.00008598991,0.0002889324,0.00009026757,0.00022972915,0.00011512972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000249538,0.000022552867,0.0001333004,0.00010128713,0.0000043786736,0.000022680297,0.00001560887,0.00006366278,0.99716175,0.000049471328,0.000014389413,0.0023859444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031801749,0.0001920088,0.0008961118,0.000005296853,0.000012143502,0.00004688254,0.000022761817,0.00041443933,0.99740064,0.000012609507,0.0009917777,0.0000022473246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060175534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007778321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060175534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018471394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022014011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013573766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389333596","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104633","title":"Single and ensemble explainable machine learning-based prediction of membrane flux in the reverse osmosis process","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund; Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Ensemble forecasting; Ensemble learning; Desalination; Computer science; Boosting (machine learning); Process (computing); Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013274060191357294,"score_gpt":0.21324852283415946,"score_spread":0.19997446264280216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389333596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9664039,0.0002383997,0.032321684,0.00017796883,0.000035135265,0.0000071545255,0.00013698802,0.00017178083,0.00050703343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979923,0.000030853877,0.0016528979,0.000008295336,0.000006875003,0.0000041039675,0.00009075944,0.0000088260285,0.00020508365],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985373,0.000045531113,0.00000898809,0.000043069856,0.000021563977,0.000027146158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876463,0.00087156624,0.000089482994,0.000067271,0.00016530501,0.00004180977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000962235,0.00052334653,0.0007531357,0.000396247,0.00034264213,0.00055969943,0.00044871666,0.0008879187,0.0004813695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022425756,0.0002545274,0.0006490558,0.00026352133,0.00026900374,0.00084772526,0.00038293094,0.00085016136,0.00008864587],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001499269,0.000052376487,0.0058428943,0.00001661089,0.000058287715,0.000041341245,0.000019105437,0.9827489,0.0015280151,0.00029666963,0.00018048953,0.009065368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011909768,0.0000056877207,0.00054892624,4.3131035e-7,0.0000029247933,0.0000015765803,0.000001249996,0.99906486,0.0002568338,0.00010658402,0.000008009636,0.0000016988552],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009732684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008244137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009732684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064535765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004625723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019352078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389427312","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117195","title":"A non-substrate-specific technique of antifouling and antiwetting Janus membrane fabrication for membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Janus; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Wetting; Materials science; Desalination; Fouling; Emulsion; Fabrication; Interfacial polymerization; Contact angle; Substrate (aquarium); Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.025009447631082666,"score_gpt":0.2713263165707771,"score_spread":0.24631686893969443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389427312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8156772,0.004086435,0.17126453,0.00034951512,0.00050759304,0.00017131887,0.00019963052,0.0010290373,0.0067147776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90709525,0.0014493299,0.085033566,0.00013492521,0.000092042064,0.0001399706,0.00019359574,0.00010880968,0.005752619],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962616,0.000030069108,0.000029632756,0.00009083783,0.00017321539,0.00004992963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997707,0.00004085701,0.00006546146,0.00005920891,0.000046313355,0.000017394594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002580426,0.00048976304,0.00039843423,0.00034923662,0.00053877995,0.0003506986,0.00068977685,0.0005077222,0.00068317767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002800622,0.00043388226,0.00033420147,0.00027254593,0.00032588633,0.0006902806,0.0005175469,0.0010083445,0.00044256827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006221424,0.000009133248,0.00005464215,0.000051243554,0.000003708214,0.000030936124,0.000023283897,0.000027995995,0.9969367,0.00036295978,0.000050765797,0.0024424784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016199807,0.000039478167,0.00043865386,0.0000020558252,0.0000048979396,0.00016318225,0.000011425059,0.0008069114,0.9966898,0.00006334451,0.0017708561,0.00000784096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001717619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007064056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00068977685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018082971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033288437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022854805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389474762","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104649","title":"Lindane removal by membrane nanofiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Universidades; Universidad de Zaragoza; Gobierno de Aragón; European Commission","keywords":"Permeance; Lindane; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Pesticide; Permeation","score_opus":0.007845212942554941,"score_gpt":0.2199711822287683,"score_spread":0.21212596928621336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389474762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798932,0.0020139674,0.014707994,0.000079655314,0.000067562505,0.00010524695,0.00038917875,0.00027967017,0.0024635294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9678411,0.0025456906,0.02310078,0.00013198775,0.00003456209,0.00017003251,0.00074184046,0.00007240254,0.005361466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997837,0.000017850105,0.000013974438,0.00006267832,0.0000806319,0.00004110968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999429,0.000009737762,0.0000131057905,0.0000029343373,0.000025293508,0.0000060022026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022482307,0.00050637376,0.00039900764,0.00027021085,0.0003078214,0.00028849448,0.00025259532,0.000589416,0.00072584255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018129048,0.00013984847,0.00057261257,0.00019730444,0.00014234727,0.0004667742,0.00027960545,0.00044804753,0.0002796601],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018426408,0.000011964843,0.00007937153,0.000033533102,0.0000044365866,0.000020472098,0.00001307255,0.00006961533,0.9979881,0.000023978402,0.000039875507,0.001697192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004256385,0.00010427598,0.00084749825,0.000005915845,0.000010207908,0.00006496495,0.000014888299,0.000793613,0.99640924,0.000018137065,0.0017180067,0.0000088987335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025924954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003091909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025924954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005306729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022352803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005154848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389504481","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2023.29729","title":"Evaluating the production and exergetic performance of point-of-use reverse osmosis devices for brackish water desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brackish water; Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Production (economics); Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Economics; Geology; Oceanography; Salinity","score_opus":0.06276297368869511,"score_gpt":0.31446634839610993,"score_spread":0.25170337470741483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389504481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980568,0.00018865804,0.0012606895,0.000026416905,0.0000036416668,0.00001743445,0.00010329664,0.000012068973,0.00033088136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970733,0.00029601017,0.0019380079,0.0000075477183,0.0000022063032,0.000017668403,0.000099899094,0.00000655916,0.0005587395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974984,0.00003943461,0.000019155692,0.000030638774,0.00012452307,0.000036320933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997769,0.00008504307,0.000030383659,0.00001817748,0.00007460489,0.000014906399],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039798007,0.000309139,0.00039402195,0.0003564964,0.00020333873,0.00033140212,0.00045060844,0.0003768981,0.00086428045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006556017,0.00013853688,0.00038368168,0.00033836873,0.00022927835,0.00060105865,0.0002713817,0.0003145864,0.00019137454],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018790324,0.00008007072,0.0026290773,0.00017422432,0.000019113779,0.00006104754,0.00003833454,0.0026382247,0.984654,0.00010579864,0.000047949536,0.009364199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009082702,0.00052027905,0.009220522,0.0000044766975,0.000017593782,0.00004491179,0.000050338072,0.00617399,0.98331106,0.00003128395,0.0006080634,0.000008405126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010693638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002842018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010693638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005164497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001919114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037471056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389608949","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117220","title":"Integrating radical polymerization and non-solvent induced phase inversion strategy for functionalized ultrafiltration membrane fabrication","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Radical polymerization; Polymerization; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Biofouling; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Monomer; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material","score_opus":0.0362892157968296,"score_gpt":0.3043557807273403,"score_spread":0.26806656493051073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389608949","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86389005,0.0019544647,0.12541597,0.00033905913,0.00028863054,0.0001470823,0.00035474144,0.001002853,0.006607157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93120176,0.00089490163,0.06184625,0.000114588256,0.00004556389,0.000088851804,0.00025971886,0.000069345966,0.005479177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998271,0.000013078329,0.000010706284,0.00005134725,0.000060996605,0.000036711906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998789,0.00002063563,0.00003844812,0.00001897989,0.000030880412,0.0000121705525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022028752,0.00042215924,0.0002029736,0.00024089217,0.00018656699,0.00030534164,0.0005109919,0.0006572426,0.0010572205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023542857,0.00018285484,0.0003334704,0.00018494567,0.00015379216,0.00071164867,0.00036995643,0.00059270684,0.0005453736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001216787,0.0000151086115,0.000029496545,0.00003641952,0.000002605168,0.000023087436,0.000011090664,0.00006784713,0.99668473,0.00029918918,0.00005772792,0.0027605915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031094758,0.00004987874,0.00019841973,0.0000017395831,0.0000037820616,0.000054957214,0.0000043172568,0.0009086033,0.9971513,0.000052675718,0.0015655444,0.0000056652743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031797955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007946554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010572205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003017966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027125728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035367012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618972","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_1","title":"Solar Energy Systems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Variety (cybernetics); Architectural engineering; Energy storage; Environmental science; Engineering physics; Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.023692848700963328,"score_gpt":0.21190848432955306,"score_spread":0.18821563562858973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618972","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006803722,0.0053802268,0.005513867,0.0007491024,0.00089753384,0.000043607375,0.00019951597,0.00029615936,0.9862396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0047319154,0.0040047993,0.0018796744,0.0003615175,0.00013573014,0.00002909781,0.00023694296,0.00009852067,0.9885217],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980074,0.000018954423,0.0000048229003,0.000034564837,0.00012385703,0.00001717784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999484,0.000008223667,0.0000021829214,0.000013375497,0.000022679478,0.0000052072787],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014217255,0.0006787239,0.0004076116,0.0005494378,0.00079266634,0.0020882515,0.00065175904,0.0007649361,0.09904092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024187304,0.00027377493,0.00034509343,0.00088128704,0.0003408585,0.0015755076,0.0011754452,0.0012056397,0.04916546],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020316724,0.000070489645,0.000116380914,0.00028038456,0.0000095796495,0.00007998378,0.0001813615,0.000957211,0.003930976,0.11779593,0.41127253,0.46528476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014149069,0.000007234281,0.00010033336,0.000042731357,0.0000016971534,0.000044777295,0.000036117322,0.00028735396,0.0006181563,0.008689368,0.9901686,0.0000022730965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025772536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006502988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09904092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010055682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007502207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33132488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389663252","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.3c07644","title":"CO<sub>2</sub>-Responsive Low Molecular Weight Polymer with High Osmotic Pressure as a Draw Solute for Forward Osmosis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Osmosis; Polymer; Aqueous solution; Branching (polymer chemistry); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Viscosity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006368205193959009,"score_gpt":0.22585635257779393,"score_spread":0.21948814738383493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389663252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9424106,0.0012020621,0.04800875,0.0004896554,0.000118002674,0.00007074947,0.00033045094,0.000999873,0.0063699395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9182976,0.0017919256,0.06687693,0.00030608103,0.000049412025,0.0001658938,0.0003427152,0.00035353162,0.011816062],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999136,0.000007963368,0.000004226676,0.00002203963,0.000036182286,0.000015957683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998977,0.00002632213,0.000026833633,0.0000070018477,0.000023229684,0.000018915702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015342687,0.00044274615,0.0002078706,0.00021549343,0.00016161837,0.000351324,0.00020126172,0.00039765905,0.0016490325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016345363,0.00021259565,0.0001216075,0.00019244995,0.0002525214,0.00056068087,0.00029751903,0.0006168672,0.0007431928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009511556,0.000003301315,0.0000131722945,0.000010917842,5.7064e-7,0.00001579964,0.000004132816,0.000022099366,0.9992312,0.00003347362,0.00004198765,0.0006137334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015983238,0.000015244543,0.00017592532,0.0000011558961,0.0000013472206,0.000030044537,0.0000039059487,0.0003841899,0.9984855,0.000012097093,0.0008867806,0.0000023393452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018999384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044240485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016490325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020787476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014672312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005516529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389705002","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2023.148028","title":"Unveiling the impact of monomer reactivity on the morphology and functionality of thin-film composite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Methyl orange; Permeation; Fouling; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Catalysis; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017864155244140856,"score_gpt":0.2425605585792143,"score_spread":0.22469640333507343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389705002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742967,0.00027302591,0.0016187277,0.000035585887,0.000007462259,0.0000052433247,0.00002861501,0.000014984938,0.0005865417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983589,0.00022548536,0.0010437949,0.000024448407,0.000005344397,0.0000046654154,0.00003173629,0.000013590871,0.00029201913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988925,0.000017889124,0.000005490879,0.000021631047,0.000042628133,0.00002309827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997751,0.0001204159,0.00003957882,0.000016348386,0.000036254503,0.000012343211],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002715168,0.00020003044,0.00012736957,0.000117901094,0.00017237668,0.0003310428,0.00018353223,0.000321435,0.00086445006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004368494,0.00015740114,0.00014955463,0.000105005565,0.00019954868,0.00038783424,0.00012883685,0.00051019667,0.00014579581],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041930467,0.000009063353,0.0001592949,0.000015742831,0.0000029512307,0.000022340682,0.000014906065,0.00017466981,0.9988682,0.00006871669,0.0000093505105,0.00061284675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028362836,0.00007144974,0.0009395236,0.0000017142432,0.0000062605463,0.000027113621,0.000018247614,0.002378284,0.9962972,0.00004138038,0.00021269787,0.0000033338224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043362076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000672408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00086445006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016048369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013388493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028918386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389848225","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.126071","title":"Superhydrophobic polyether sulfone (PES) dialysis membrane with enhanced hemocompatibility and reduced human serum protein interactions: Ex vivo, in situ synchrotron imaging, experimental, and computational studies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Rural Health Research Society; Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Paul's Hospital; Saskatchewan Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Ex vivo; In situ; Dialysis; Synchrotron; Membrane; In vivo; Sulfone; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Medicine; Surgery; Biochemistry; Engineering; Biology; Optics","score_opus":0.018371216387722267,"score_gpt":0.3148754156575302,"score_spread":0.2965041992698079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389848225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959096,0.00018139115,0.0033635271,0.000049020724,0.0000056672056,0.000005414735,0.000046337325,0.000033404787,0.0004056923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942437,0.00025620207,0.0046123895,0.000016304455,0.0000030238346,0.0000072379294,0.00006540062,0.0000116119445,0.00078410655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999337,0.000008528721,0.0000023994637,0.000013435208,0.000029984076,0.000011921678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994063,0.000017124625,0.000015777192,0.0000056027125,0.000013404763,0.000007513183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021233069,0.00013938796,0.00017949613,0.000065489425,0.00016313973,0.00018006732,0.00018437028,0.00028414332,0.0004921169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015602996,0.00009622896,0.00016928819,0.00012082844,0.00018127805,0.0002458779,0.0001528938,0.00016364873,0.00011752709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056993293,0.000029872333,0.00023152237,0.000039192215,0.000005538889,0.00004863007,0.000015952646,0.0019667675,0.9962908,0.00019078703,0.00007110999,0.0010528417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013845871,0.00015550853,0.0013129871,0.0000017738574,0.000009148037,0.00007568155,0.000032355034,0.021911252,0.97553396,0.000055621247,0.0008916867,0.0000061310507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063947326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00073808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026031595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019930187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018888116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389940280","doi":"10.1002/pi.6607","title":"Poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes tailored with zirconium‐based <scp>MOF</scp>‐801 for water treatment applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fluoride; Membrane; Zirconium; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Biochemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.018582575618488546,"score_gpt":0.25960429167844107,"score_spread":0.2410217160599525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389940280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819749,0.0017255392,0.014311042,0.0000752309,0.000027394268,0.000029687544,0.00024795684,0.0003347017,0.0012734684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98378754,0.0010609948,0.013041122,0.000058428497,0.000011804564,0.0000382209,0.00028539516,0.00003571901,0.001680708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998982,0.000007822274,0.000006005822,0.000025236453,0.000037582886,0.000025229283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999449,0.0000050020844,0.00002552383,0.0000027530084,0.000014515535,0.000007252326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011185024,0.00040620912,0.00027746163,0.00021475807,0.00014695148,0.00030329303,0.00027684172,0.00043624497,0.00032285022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099260666,0.00016808251,0.00031501797,0.0001962354,0.00015290927,0.0003318802,0.00017291895,0.00027802275,0.0002499824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000065130816,0.0000031200286,0.0000358362,0.000024170757,0.0000027295744,0.000013437396,0.0000025000493,0.00004922048,0.99933296,0.000022745162,0.00001953415,0.00048708747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037320965,0.000039827482,0.0012880547,0.0000025377321,0.0000090296635,0.000094582916,0.0000056760464,0.0008502901,0.9963708,0.000012645535,0.0013184273,0.000004451744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084766676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013416186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084766676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004186097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013626405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030372143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390043147","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.3c09331","title":"Comprehensive Characterization of Commercial Reverse Osmosis Membranes through High-Temperature Cross-Flow Filtration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Forward osmosis; Materials science; Osmosis; Chemical engineering; Cross-flow filtration; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.022493716433203473,"score_gpt":0.2697415466687595,"score_spread":0.24724783023555602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390043147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99031353,0.0011907362,0.0073944367,0.00007079678,0.000014970157,0.000041667212,0.00031865586,0.000057920523,0.00059725274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99059045,0.0009836527,0.0069177765,0.00005283969,0.000008980447,0.000043623997,0.00060453836,0.000033549528,0.00076461013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996753,0.000033308155,0.000026957823,0.000053554082,0.00016965118,0.0000412458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997004,0.000045714165,0.000056545312,0.000020753609,0.00016044053,0.000016195034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055353815,0.0003388654,0.0002816756,0.00039343868,0.000300877,0.0004967772,0.0002602733,0.0006862408,0.0003755175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005511535,0.00011475028,0.00044133136,0.0003488581,0.00026701984,0.00079780613,0.00019898193,0.00037000718,0.0001591075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021135198,0.00001065457,0.00026733693,0.000041924784,0.000006545687,0.000041134128,0.000020461292,0.00011385899,0.99804926,0.000033513326,0.00002285881,0.001371267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002690634,0.000092854505,0.003712482,0.0000044456265,0.000014288576,0.00015978786,0.00004049165,0.00060428,0.9945063,0.000019967018,0.000835424,0.0000069229723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009972659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014355097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009972659,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035403043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026573677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029274225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390058841","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering11010006","title":"Assessment of the Feasibility of Converting the Liquid Fraction Separated from Fruit and Vegetable Waste in a UASB Digester","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Digestate; Food waste; Anaerobic digestion; Fraction (chemistry); Waste management; Biodegradable waste; Hydraulic retention time; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biodegradation; Biogas; Bioreactor; Methane; Environmental science; Waste treatment; Wastewater; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.02569684199196376,"score_gpt":0.277089829145411,"score_spread":0.25139298715344727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390058841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967913,0.00042501691,0.0021479048,0.000037549948,0.000010441854,0.000054712546,0.00013564543,0.000024083154,0.00037335345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99117774,0.0008042186,0.0065300977,0.00002287254,0.000005535482,0.00006285568,0.0003370063,0.000019691655,0.0010399166],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994754,0.000086940476,0.00004623517,0.00009174096,0.00021593587,0.00008381087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971074,0.00007326221,0.00006659711,0.00001902187,0.00008571527,0.000044665754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081317173,0.0006716708,0.0005682191,0.0003403318,0.00025065546,0.0008626197,0.00048509086,0.0009326955,0.00065528275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064575975,0.00018097786,0.0005645738,0.00041220023,0.00032329405,0.0008048295,0.00039317936,0.0006341527,0.00041559164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000361428,0.0001697723,0.0008133651,0.00012484986,0.000011476303,0.000044996897,0.000014534065,0.0007300455,0.99478453,0.000036031004,0.000014380391,0.002894521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024014307,0.0027219043,0.0049569965,0.000017611836,0.000038820253,0.00006259541,0.000096757074,0.0055227303,0.9857583,0.00003290117,0.0007501985,0.000017355498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022545122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018022422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022545122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004772759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043418203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004482746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390176094","doi":"10.3390/membranes14010005","title":"A Review of Temperature Effects on Membrane Filtration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.034585750761132544,"score_gpt":0.3155511916532967,"score_spread":0.28096544089216413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390176094","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000287831,0.9979005,0.00021272362,0.00012765774,0.00019828553,0.0000067798087,0.00006010684,0.0000112955495,0.0011947859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008871177,0.99813664,0.00022090541,0.00009359739,0.00008167182,0.0000065199047,0.00005566189,0.0000018644353,0.0005160189],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996257,0.000052603067,0.0000793863,0.00006438158,0.0001429736,0.000035008863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953234,0.00019598297,0.000088766625,0.000014830531,0.00014304057,0.000025124198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005751761,0.0012275506,0.0015653811,0.003604829,0.00046768968,0.0011312212,0.0007396184,0.0010398924,0.005641593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009681613,0.00045054592,0.0011553772,0.004441946,0.00027666072,0.001627938,0.00069959485,0.0009920502,0.0018924654],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001079405,0.00011405237,0.0002976751,0.13371651,0.00032215007,0.00040694268,0.00016678119,0.0009706575,0.008861835,0.0037827569,0.036013875,0.8152388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009276061,0.00013904588,0.0012830377,0.009284138,0.00041350463,0.0009670802,0.000076907374,0.00011208242,0.0022370804,0.0009916958,0.9844507,0.00003548049],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001951147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002849648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005641593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064947316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018298337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018872976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390298705","doi":"10.20944/preprints202312.1926.v1","title":"Impact of Cleaning on Membrane Performance during Surface Water Treatment: A Hybrid Process with Biological Ion Exchange and Gravity-Driven Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ion exchange; Microfiltration; Ceramic; Water treatment; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Bicarbonate; Effluent; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ion; Composite material; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09650848664432977,"score_gpt":0.3239509958006892,"score_spread":0.22744250915635944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390298705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953674,0.0012638086,0.002900421,0.000058853373,0.000020052576,0.00002833622,0.000049779443,0.000045892222,0.00026546922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912081,0.0009144865,0.0066827303,0.00006495301,0.000012573176,0.00003175774,0.00010540471,0.000022269245,0.0009578646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995572,0.00008431671,0.00003500967,0.000083624975,0.00016656383,0.000073275754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977905,0.00006367824,0.000054044518,0.000019936966,0.00006551266,0.000017785043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046302046,0.00049098535,0.0005998808,0.00025306272,0.00028406017,0.0006713348,0.00039883915,0.00073198974,0.00039042573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051298935,0.0002065467,0.0004934622,0.00022560923,0.00028650288,0.00049294956,0.0004961728,0.00047692147,0.0002225307],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061759565,0.000015442514,0.00022403391,0.000061602455,0.000009434059,0.00002714555,0.000025599937,0.0000776818,0.99814415,0.000008873329,0.000006865585,0.0013373957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051359907,0.00032261602,0.0028645028,0.000004668771,0.000024037368,0.00009926925,0.00005115209,0.00047107044,0.99531096,0.000010940324,0.00082522305,0.00001034071],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009162866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001355399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009162866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029730157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024268917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024487376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390350868","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2023.148384","title":"Metal-organic frameworks' latent potential as High-Efficiency osmotic power generators in Thin-Film nanocomposite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Nanorod; Fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.004566645661276412,"score_gpt":0.1972451002625934,"score_spread":0.192678454601317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390350868","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99218833,0.0016651002,0.0028100107,0.000121380064,0.000032954194,0.000010850808,0.000054836386,0.00010597767,0.0030105417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99843854,0.00024045675,0.0005734757,0.000008430356,0.000004472527,0.0000027434241,0.000015415018,0.0000060099997,0.0007102972],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999454,0.00001058228,0.0000022096133,0.000011481359,0.0000118122225,0.000018415069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999616,0.000013420317,0.000006457889,0.000002541763,0.0000073764986,0.000008601175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010520451,0.00018894783,0.0001238235,0.00014629842,0.00016649363,0.0004835602,0.00024060524,0.0002237037,0.0007380919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016370742,0.00008666419,0.00014786201,0.0001071812,0.00016236953,0.0003967323,0.00021328576,0.0003337923,0.00015040641],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025202802,0.000049959097,0.00014086578,0.000114385984,0.000009746956,0.00008700988,0.000052235442,0.00069744163,0.98721504,0.0021633413,0.00025106917,0.008966784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013312463,0.0001243077,0.00033559385,0.000004995584,0.000010188852,0.00003542266,0.000025189505,0.0047370163,0.99276567,0.0001595686,0.0017820756,0.0000066163693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003844634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067765097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007380919,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021993932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010949637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024691224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390428438","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101871","title":"Quantum dot- β-Cyclodextrin nanofiller decorated thin film nanocomposite membrane for removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Nanocomposite; Interfacial polymerization; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymerization; Monomer; Cationic polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Congo red; Cyclodextrin; Graphene; Quantum dot; Pervaporation; Permeation; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012909766136974464,"score_gpt":0.2374594679596196,"score_spread":0.22454970182264514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390428438","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99249685,0.000739233,0.0053466377,0.000094039235,0.000055171367,0.000015482956,0.000058844544,0.00009970427,0.0010942089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99260193,0.0005451589,0.0037772032,0.000057270583,0.0000075986436,0.000012158531,0.00006211827,0.000009120164,0.0029274423],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992836,0.0000051889415,0.0000055441606,0.00001842793,0.00002547975,0.00001689786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999572,0.000007257452,0.000007704665,0.0000028021575,0.000016827462,0.000008185001],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098295015,0.0002189459,0.00018065686,0.00015057258,0.0001556221,0.00022926439,0.00022665513,0.00040906802,0.0005478319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010202104,0.00015069984,0.00019802063,0.00009558739,0.000100057514,0.00027109543,0.00017930439,0.0003549449,0.00017397408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016282,0.0000092473565,0.000022104992,0.000018608216,0.0000022638403,0.000017738346,0.000004105165,0.000034835783,0.99930453,0.000031551142,0.000019207513,0.00051952555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002334771,0.0000373785,0.00024552643,0.0000014871821,0.000006109407,0.000036317357,0.000006431618,0.00095350004,0.9983309,0.000008292992,0.00036920997,0.0000025754616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007816103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014975936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007816103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024534165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018065392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001832664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390444858","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03579","title":"Hydrophilic Antifouling Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes: Effect of Zwitterion-Functionalized Carbon Nanofiber Modification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Methacrylate; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Contact angle; Surface modification; Cellulose; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Nanofiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.05036845182919479,"score_gpt":0.3111180811551187,"score_spread":0.2607496293259239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390444858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99360317,0.0013486916,0.0041710073,0.00006186005,0.000031319418,0.000029366283,0.00006203285,0.00006235599,0.00063030975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898078,0.0010799214,0.007797247,0.0000529581,0.000017685381,0.000037802176,0.000102533486,0.000021595823,0.0010823042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998797,0.0000150274345,0.000012338147,0.00003177715,0.000039377494,0.000021682887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998142,0.000031505522,0.00007363973,0.000009087037,0.00004331695,0.000028287188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018656754,0.0006619485,0.00023079458,0.00020612254,0.000121057245,0.00020339518,0.00018927311,0.0004661879,0.00035140896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002721886,0.00016533576,0.0002815985,0.000120805045,0.00015174004,0.0004327276,0.00015853505,0.00031127306,0.00012431506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000108379745,0.000005792051,0.000023494478,0.000019331099,0.0000025253069,0.000016199452,0.0000035531145,0.000027068218,0.9995192,0.000008825818,0.000004008728,0.00035916432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020502243,0.000042281874,0.00040493297,0.0000016450152,0.00000620114,0.000051265783,0.0000034076377,0.00037123513,0.99889404,0.0000035126304,0.00021632353,0.0000031806749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008295284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015533158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008295284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025266255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017931925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018332005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390543156","doi":"10.1002/wer.10960","title":"On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane technology; Environmental science; Membrane; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.1958263890301317,"score_gpt":0.4213656337627402,"score_spread":0.22553924473260853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390543156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.938288,0.0002350089,0.058714226,0.0001984598,0.00002049748,0.00006958275,0.00040948775,0.00042793815,0.0016368391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905573,0.000071023525,0.008909944,0.0000107093265,0.000001888946,0.000028190141,0.00018809988,0.000008766527,0.00022410516],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996259,0.00014528596,0.000029220864,0.00005387297,0.00011753536,0.000028181381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863017,0.0008425531,0.00011612316,0.00006613534,0.00032358512,0.000021566262],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015685741,0.0007174087,0.0006233337,0.0011651004,0.00031185822,0.00078809017,0.0003838161,0.00091316126,0.0005204937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029781174,0.00021202804,0.0007004087,0.0007643073,0.00025938664,0.00091031974,0.0003231138,0.00046804716,0.00014271762],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002301672,0.00023365449,0.021987502,0.00014035021,0.00006632204,0.00008875869,0.000073034855,0.92895275,0.00893968,0.00062001386,0.00043220806,0.0382355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025932106,0.000049770748,0.0024408032,0.000004909106,0.000006764243,0.000006510266,0.000015622873,0.99247533,0.004727807,0.0001667777,0.000096298354,0.0000067688957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011299894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0068460633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011299894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010292233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005977437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022468269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390751596","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.159339","title":"In-situ coating PVDF membrane by polystyrene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline to improve its anti-fouling performance and acid resistance","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Sulfonic acid; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Materials science; Polyaniline; Polystyrene; Fouling; Coating; Biofouling; Fluoride; Polymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008584269813155515,"score_gpt":0.23868356396940463,"score_spread":0.2300992941562491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390751596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875738,0.00074456126,0.010271502,0.00008939359,0.00005285929,0.000013193957,0.00005842732,0.00010072717,0.0010956001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916505,0.00044745824,0.005937627,0.00003734803,0.000015379874,0.000012467694,0.000060990184,0.00001554423,0.0018226573],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998652,0.000013853891,0.000010348681,0.000035917677,0.00004093424,0.000033835462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989986,0.000016634172,0.000034063894,0.000011345685,0.000025108375,0.000012853122],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014197828,0.0003292274,0.00020639671,0.00012402995,0.0001756032,0.0002134587,0.000260026,0.00041887592,0.00061795785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015836282,0.00018142899,0.0003022694,0.00014427306,0.00013404843,0.00033980323,0.00014960313,0.00042871246,0.00018817061],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013439693,0.0000044099406,0.000025665995,0.00001844417,0.0000020351658,0.000015023619,0.000006199673,0.000022311066,0.9993999,0.000019316794,0.000009984141,0.00046328246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[7.401701e-7,0.000019087163,0.000188323,4.748604e-7,0.000003166118,0.000019421901,0.0000034449465,0.00033616915,0.99921703,0.000004010418,0.00020670203,0.0000014500093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047636693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083605206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00061795785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018962771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016202465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002067268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390795372","doi":"10.1002/smll.202310799","title":"Thiol‐Ene Click Reaction in Constructing Liquid Separation Membranes for Water Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Ene reaction; Click chemistry; Thiol; Surface modification; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Combinatorial chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.031282945943935735,"score_gpt":0.2885441965761296,"score_spread":0.2572612506321939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390795372","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.041963715,0.84198034,0.080932535,0.0012310938,0.001380147,0.00016030633,0.0003345364,0.00050918333,0.03150821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21199422,0.7369722,0.030866783,0.0008690832,0.0004046045,0.00020750657,0.00032470282,0.00006737009,0.018293515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997789,0.000042389525,0.000018476807,0.000059176433,0.00007175148,0.000029333316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999423,0.000022950879,0.000010904948,0.0000053793715,0.000013123755,0.000005372358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050690427,0.00078712194,0.00046464067,0.0005961094,0.0002162754,0.00044405306,0.0004719862,0.00079506176,0.0016055012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031106005,0.00034133586,0.00043000313,0.0007380191,0.00035431673,0.0014007937,0.0005207919,0.0011310342,0.001046784],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017338769,0.000232079,0.0004939596,0.01960645,0.00020762517,0.0016931456,0.00046581315,0.0045796656,0.561514,0.057676718,0.011174196,0.34218302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002968126,0.00076492416,0.00079151575,0.0005421981,0.00015112855,0.0019107191,0.00011079982,0.0034396225,0.46110573,0.0045033,0.5265615,0.00008887363],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038607023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007969889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016055012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037682534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031996408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053709745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390831693","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100211","title":"Removal of urea in ultrapure water system by urease-coated reverse osmosis membrane","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research X","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Urease; Urea; Chemistry; Ultrapure water; Membrane; Hydrolysis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0336111112406204,"score_gpt":0.30467560188704623,"score_spread":0.27106449064642585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390831693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729074,0.0040763915,0.02130518,0.0001333839,0.00008922537,0.00006513086,0.00014759735,0.0002634672,0.0010123154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736989,0.002683298,0.02118444,0.00014912522,0.000027909547,0.00009061341,0.00023547931,0.000040143397,0.001890114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971086,0.000026912776,0.000022162032,0.000068045214,0.00012060998,0.00005133942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989367,0.000013656623,0.00003609513,0.000008219217,0.00003808743,0.000010236965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001955626,0.00044486628,0.0004864981,0.00026244717,0.00017893633,0.00034828717,0.00042107084,0.0006986027,0.00033379518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022025872,0.00022084753,0.00043136787,0.00018622098,0.00015521812,0.0006505579,0.0003623601,0.0006565199,0.0002737342],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006452122,0.000006898662,0.000040304927,0.000038471444,0.000003202661,0.000024499386,0.000006967883,0.000031450036,0.9989905,0.000018208499,0.000016996857,0.0008160266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025077873,0.00007166311,0.00031817923,0.000004428469,0.000007151717,0.00006458318,0.000009475064,0.00082544086,0.9979506,0.000008386296,0.00073221466,0.000005460836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006239967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094077893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006986027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024151425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016760846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001752317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390902349","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-51309-y","title":"Ion-retention properties of graphene oxide/zinc oxide nanocomposite membranes at various pH and temperature conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Zinc; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Materials science; Acrylate; Composite number; Filtration (mathematics); Inorganic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.012240800973851346,"score_gpt":0.22356992999821912,"score_spread":0.21132912902436776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390902349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976357,0.00072809,0.000984423,0.000031852243,0.000010563487,0.0000061571977,0.00015012259,0.000042998134,0.0004100812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981001,0.00039925633,0.00082534447,0.000013972875,0.0000036386448,0.000009549405,0.00011057624,0.000008755183,0.00052876375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989486,0.000008593402,0.000006684122,0.000024353532,0.000040990024,0.00002448796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999062,0.000022995138,0.000027043317,0.0000049648497,0.00002612,0.000012727225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016729553,0.0003362393,0.00021689596,0.00022701826,0.00016892361,0.00021071422,0.0002125598,0.00025811614,0.00045885736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028022192,0.00013230741,0.0002134524,0.00017820961,0.00014002541,0.00029375544,0.00015093252,0.0003606846,0.00014957176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059311966,0.0000056526205,0.00008543554,0.000019169862,0.000003046436,0.000014099277,0.00001151451,0.000061482,0.9992907,0.000010513638,0.000008735485,0.00043030726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023738141,0.00005127593,0.0012670858,0.0000023344903,0.000007633023,0.000024389245,0.000015100968,0.00047402544,0.99796045,0.0000069092903,0.00018491145,0.0000034902325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014670506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002107959,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014670506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025889842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015863242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029169917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391016109","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4700729","title":"Green Pcl/Sulfonated Kraft Lignin Phase Inversion Membrane for Dye-Contaminated Wastewater Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Kraft paper; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Phase inversion; Materials science; Polycaprolactone; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.015146264437861214,"score_gpt":0.2699004897233441,"score_spread":0.25475422528548286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391016109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749195,0.0018803813,0.01921992,0.00028756828,0.0001220914,0.000048438884,0.00023790714,0.00033050554,0.0029535445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989156,0.00078620686,0.004808834,0.00008028124,0.000013278019,0.000014141457,0.00014032215,0.00002984237,0.004971021],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989295,0.000009731891,0.0000052830096,0.00001904053,0.000047902045,0.000025160936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995875,0.0000059945637,0.000008294023,0.0000035618646,0.00001408836,0.000009245296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013011381,0.00028272005,0.00022193993,0.00025793188,0.00022861108,0.0003725054,0.00017913111,0.0005198321,0.0012230951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001337693,0.00010638697,0.00032385395,0.0002473168,0.00015785069,0.00044157865,0.00040703305,0.00048244762,0.00051055395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075215365,0.00002246802,0.00006456492,0.000071780916,0.0000059156832,0.000035975292,0.000014436103,0.00020844395,0.99478877,0.00014802838,0.000088591376,0.004475834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055821934,0.00005576668,0.00033669543,0.0000025059717,0.000008393157,0.00003445713,0.000012386752,0.0013933483,0.99688774,0.000046965266,0.0012125839,0.0000035767764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009819476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013153991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012230951,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041841762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035026675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0040916204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391033503","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.111980","title":"Overview on modified membranes by different polysaccharides and their derivatives: Preparation and performances","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polysaccharide; Xanthan gum; Membrane; Cellulose; Chitosan; Pectin; Biofouling; Polymer; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Biochemistry; Rheology","score_opus":0.00946965966832831,"score_gpt":0.21479854808512475,"score_spread":0.20532888841679645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391033503","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02418943,0.9446907,0.021146184,0.0008543273,0.0005874391,0.000085657404,0.00040410095,0.00014057576,0.007901587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.046266757,0.9169145,0.025248876,0.0009788653,0.00088389404,0.00014482373,0.00087629905,0.00007052084,0.008615388],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993179,0.00009411709,0.000079891215,0.0001679863,0.0002754661,0.00006467265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957794,0.00018113032,0.000058155023,0.00003170984,0.00012918681,0.000021901216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013156403,0.0013389661,0.0010586572,0.0017412066,0.00031217028,0.000921888,0.0008349287,0.0013917675,0.001367105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064681453,0.00074769586,0.0010623074,0.0015791609,0.00035771634,0.0016053336,0.000643966,0.0016612958,0.0011315612],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043191662,0.0003691619,0.00048312038,0.014004726,0.00029029508,0.00028796785,0.00014809257,0.0018216801,0.55601287,0.0041742497,0.008141617,0.4138344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000023184977,0.00096267194,0.0018803076,0.000850499,0.00034144302,0.0018238528,0.00007023037,0.001293766,0.5771113,0.0017680464,0.4137641,0.00011071477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040797816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006176434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017412066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053599355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043458553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006957829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391046796","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.104830","title":"Hybrid process combining electrocoagulation and electrodialysis for chloride ions removal from runoff water loaded with road de-icing salts: Statistical optimization by response surface methodology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electrocoagulation; Electrodialysis; Response surface methodology; Turbidity; Chloride; Central composite design; Factorial experiment; Settling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Electrolysis; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Environmental science; Membrane; Electrode; Metallurgy; Electrolyte; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011271573774106496,"score_gpt":0.26026879110161577,"score_spread":0.24899721732750926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391046796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96727383,0.00040152032,0.0317007,0.000044963534,0.000018263006,0.000039689712,0.000084363724,0.00009644126,0.00034011295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98080105,0.00027019408,0.018113986,0.000025717869,0.0000068509953,0.00004970357,0.00008438824,0.000016285683,0.00063181546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973327,0.00004211697,0.00002198314,0.00006994,0.00009683463,0.00003580634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998375,0.000053635667,0.00003358522,0.000014800465,0.00004927949,0.000011177711],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050229434,0.0003521716,0.000586679,0.00031059512,0.00022708732,0.0005828331,0.00032392654,0.00043263705,0.0003325139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003670963,0.00022361244,0.0006144233,0.00036130784,0.00023039554,0.0003053961,0.00042176162,0.00036307814,0.00011823919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002176289,0.00013141027,0.0005866893,0.00007918681,0.00004107249,0.000026168183,0.000019510837,0.0053118914,0.9857216,0.00010949958,0.000040370636,0.0077149635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025794503,0.00045825698,0.0018699471,0.000001476683,0.000047549707,0.000029880199,0.000016837856,0.044791386,0.95225084,0.000052208845,0.00043984095,0.000015978716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013815936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024223216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013815936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037441545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037652405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027470589},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391058095","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.159402","title":"A synergistically enhanced photocatalytic 2D MXene nanofibrous composite membrane for wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Ministry of Rural Affairs","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Wastewater; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Waste management; Chemistry; Catalysis; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013144615130331272,"score_gpt":0.25399129018721955,"score_spread":0.24084667505688828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391058095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98783106,0.001902853,0.0068023866,0.0001580509,0.00007964939,0.00002485054,0.000121829005,0.00018752654,0.0028917696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922214,0.0005520471,0.004224473,0.00004414071,0.00001526542,0.00002174115,0.00006967925,0.0000105154395,0.0028408319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990225,0.000009278469,0.000006872675,0.00002299395,0.00003697962,0.000021629596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999683,0.000004842311,0.00000799704,0.000003546016,0.000008017221,0.0000073356064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107571206,0.00031309784,0.00021535314,0.00022979158,0.00019080879,0.00023316608,0.0002185138,0.00054142607,0.00077590725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009117175,0.00015366815,0.00033856233,0.000107806474,0.00009693813,0.00033707972,0.00029184963,0.00024163564,0.0002834728],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025768613,0.000009207732,0.00004171485,0.00003740554,0.0000047119447,0.00003506972,0.000005772171,0.00007847753,0.99859494,0.000056331195,0.00003777705,0.0010729027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000057223638,0.00009079881,0.0006644773,0.000003670579,0.0000139103395,0.00007179421,0.000009674266,0.0015069487,0.9960581,0.000019688825,0.0015491837,0.0000061324013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041005228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013496116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077590725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025596982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013512412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002595663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391224960","doi":"10.3390/membranes14020033","title":"Impact of Cleaning on Membrane Performance during Surface Water Treatment: A Hybrid Process with Biological Ion Exchange and Gravity-Driven Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ion exchange; Bicarbonate; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Microfiltration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Effluent; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ion; Composite material; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017802341730943076,"score_gpt":0.2565019858857877,"score_spread":0.23869964415484463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391224960","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99579465,0.001126302,0.0026358953,0.000052341333,0.0000186948,0.00002443634,0.000048096146,0.00004393096,0.0002556584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99129933,0.0008286063,0.0065860203,0.000059436185,0.000011898998,0.00003095123,0.000107948414,0.000021563508,0.0010542301],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995926,0.00007706996,0.00003381147,0.0000753135,0.0001502919,0.000070928916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999801,0.0000552273,0.000048754562,0.000018553246,0.000059910548,0.00001656064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004401562,0.0004794309,0.00056471536,0.00023960369,0.00027621555,0.00065380963,0.0003801867,0.0006959673,0.00043665664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004734676,0.000205879,0.00049687806,0.000213567,0.00027131135,0.0004698038,0.00047449322,0.00043722393,0.00023810656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057315134,0.000014427881,0.00020907582,0.00005844418,0.000009074298,0.000026061069,0.000025431109,0.00007224695,0.9982135,0.0000088614715,0.000007101906,0.0012984438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052103646,0.00032183688,0.0027717508,0.0000043738305,0.000022934397,0.00009486826,0.000050731633,0.00048046204,0.99535793,0.0000103353605,0.00086941174,0.000010167646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009089156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013217183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009089156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028041034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023542721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023277402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391574550","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2024.102604","title":"Assessing thermoelectric membrane distillation performance: An experimental design approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MethodsX","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Distillation; Energy consumption; Membrane distillation; Thermoelectric effect; Process engineering; Process (computing); Membrane technology; Factorial experiment; Membrane; Computer science; Engineering; Mathematics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Desalination; Physics; Electrical engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.09126413898467471,"score_gpt":0.3652105047774139,"score_spread":0.2739463657927392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391574550","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45483595,0.0014794206,0.48643473,0.00023474563,0.00028392876,0.049425088,0.0012667472,0.00042591873,0.0056134807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3439712,0.0011263777,0.5996728,0.0001463118,0.000060829763,0.0524415,0.000422553,0.00007678493,0.002081646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98667926,0.007556183,0.001070716,0.00095295586,0.0032240264,0.0005169439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9897742,0.005732682,0.0013386655,0.0011510337,0.0018401913,0.00016313246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.020367041,0.002105,0.0019615374,0.0014061106,0.0010574214,0.0020713282,0.0024956923,0.0020297794,0.003973483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015644722,0.0010942644,0.0023144553,0.0014321131,0.0013965593,0.001037605,0.0012932227,0.0015998055,0.0004427989],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.012450038,0.015915636,0.005927438,0.0091981655,0.0012929778,0.00016294616,0.00090405426,0.0827699,0.6916092,0.0115091335,0.0006921947,0.16756834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034729538,0.14731604,0.011352662,0.00036628393,0.0017961662,0.00010080043,0.00039241437,0.08770731,0.72697103,0.0045659714,0.015593454,0.00036490842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001023236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015863578,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020367041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021664803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003727362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10771251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391825585","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.118487","title":"Solving the fouling mechanisms in composite membranes for water purification: An advance approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabi","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Population; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Biochemical engineering; Water quality; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05110863207773954,"score_gpt":0.3296667830835473,"score_spread":0.2785581510058078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391825585","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13630247,0.066155285,0.77799803,0.0075529,0.00094730116,0.00023685058,0.00018349127,0.0003890097,0.010234663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4173335,0.09178315,0.47519436,0.0016002035,0.0011889413,0.00018484885,0.00042693786,0.00011532876,0.012172679],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995635,0.000058794707,0.000022008226,0.00009215911,0.00019044579,0.00007308047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952614,0.00016092969,0.00005542626,0.000086231594,0.00013253355,0.000038798633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014739789,0.00094008,0.0012296167,0.0005913596,0.0006719419,0.0015976347,0.0018447004,0.0023337244,0.0011046808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009881486,0.0004160933,0.00095931126,0.00047210616,0.0010562123,0.003403643,0.0017719775,0.0032403667,0.00042040442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030720598,0.0008981492,0.002093358,0.003012319,0.0003523854,0.0006197043,0.0006575074,0.03785738,0.6347952,0.11066585,0.0033126837,0.2054282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000107472966,0.00092116324,0.001671461,0.00016091469,0.0003798199,0.0011027015,0.0006484664,0.19437677,0.5942347,0.13785377,0.06840495,0.00013781573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011201116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015059104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023337244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005750399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014238465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077952147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391855811","doi":"10.33082/td.2023.4-19.07","title":"ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ПОТУЖНОСТІ ТА МАСОГАБАРИТНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ УЛЬТРАФІОЛЕТОВОГО РЕАКТОРА НА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИСТЕМ ОЧИЩЕННЯ БАЛАСТНИХ ВОД","year":2023,"lang":"uk","type":"article","venue":"Transport development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","score_opus":0.028333974636927474,"score_gpt":0.24571115403302554,"score_spread":0.21737717939609807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391855811","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017415661,0.0050332765,0.072494075,0.014396148,0.0014651575,0.00019693223,0.0006343751,0.00046207433,0.8879024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49201936,0.009200848,0.09875309,0.0032850152,0.001053034,0.0007220172,0.00094668544,0.0011473339,0.3928727],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954411,0.0013336531,0.00026531244,0.0008261125,0.0016244176,0.0005094137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964211,0.00094567356,0.00031624755,0.000679818,0.0012596986,0.00037751967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029267154,0.0010500036,0.00058070966,0.002305599,0.0049503106,0.012223903,0.0013708018,0.0027076246,0.052520707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008261462,0.00083046284,0.00090775505,0.0021077923,0.00871073,0.0072018914,0.004554384,0.0040708124,0.019570276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004857159,0.00003755606,0.0010804733,0.00020698745,0.000022113027,0.00038436672,0.0057820966,0.00044402032,0.0012945613,0.9364672,0.01585341,0.038378637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024010295,0.000042747986,0.0025875822,0.00040359798,0.00003661203,0.0005809544,0.006559942,0.0009114323,0.0021374973,0.3226647,0.66397446,0.000076422104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0080392165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008123782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052520707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004748027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0067023775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1756993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392136476","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130176","title":"Nanocellulose-based membranes with pH- and temperature-responsive pore size for selective separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocellulose; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer; Gating; Bacterial cellulose; Cellulose; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Biophysics","score_opus":0.01128524693894096,"score_gpt":0.2769851947616249,"score_spread":0.26569994782268397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392136476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9619886,0.0054030144,0.026779335,0.00036911058,0.00014582819,0.000047065092,0.00027254943,0.0003351017,0.004659329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98448443,0.001865425,0.010248162,0.0001623908,0.000024366089,0.000042605145,0.00018212525,0.00004792898,0.0029423914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998585,0.000015445421,0.000009729245,0.000033218104,0.00003956261,0.000043423148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998816,0.000025801892,0.000028337077,0.0000133454005,0.000029545954,0.000021330692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021104277,0.00032850125,0.00027215772,0.00015440019,0.00020805621,0.00033381395,0.00035593114,0.000510819,0.0006177594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003396544,0.00014617795,0.00026556203,0.00017155633,0.00018623694,0.00054767315,0.00036045958,0.00057762605,0.00035676413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003293524,0.000010244211,0.00003537546,0.00004002391,0.0000048498937,0.000023006607,0.000013777102,0.00011658531,0.997212,0.0002248334,0.000089685105,0.0021966882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000338002,0.000022402985,0.00017702617,0.0000026145585,0.0000062351555,0.000032105367,0.000005962862,0.0008311686,0.99786866,0.000035327896,0.0010110633,0.0000041404105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009033427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015084221,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009033427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005240119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003274841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038020015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392151408","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad2cf2","title":"2024 roadmap on membrane desalination technology at the water-energy nexus","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Tamkeen; Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale; New York University Abu Dhabi; Kuwait University; York University","keywords":"Desalination; Nexus (standard); Water desalination; Environmental science; Water-energy nexus; Business; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009594285730591387,"score_gpt":0.23209843273385575,"score_spread":0.22250414700326437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392151408","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.016210081,0.23590815,0.060465183,0.09466082,0.022542022,0.0012070339,0.010976009,0.004047536,0.55398315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11590345,0.49544984,0.14852053,0.024346737,0.0048976773,0.0016703611,0.029518668,0.00088563684,0.1788071],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895227,0.0001958171,0.00007090822,0.00009867999,0.00040676724,0.00027554136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978528,0.00038996726,0.0001656295,0.00009678753,0.0010021733,0.0004927263],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039330753,0.0016875057,0.0007237345,0.0023832584,0.00056670554,0.0023489806,0.0015894943,0.005148066,0.058684766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026955723,0.00042474127,0.0011918878,0.0016999244,0.00078817614,0.004125179,0.0032590027,0.0022231129,0.025310088],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042183645,0.00043512532,0.0004784692,0.0071181958,0.000058178935,0.00056258944,0.00007767047,0.0064259386,0.020192219,0.064903796,0.30183607,0.5974898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003258855,0.00040589014,0.00092172826,0.0010442599,0.000026200549,0.00014088227,0.00007479539,0.0018401264,0.0023451566,0.011169135,0.98197144,0.000027796312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031469287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027041028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058684766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002033193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009266223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19632012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392184818","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.112353","title":"Nanocomposite ceramic membranes as novel tools for remediation of textile dye waste water – A review of current applications, machine learning based modeling and future perspectives","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Ceramic membrane; Environmental remediation; Superhydrophilicity; Membrane technology; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Contamination; Wetting; Engineering","score_opus":0.015993719206390068,"score_gpt":0.26595742128210814,"score_spread":0.24996370207571808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392184818","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004251535,0.99877185,0.0002966776,0.0001050039,0.000072302115,0.0000032587702,0.000014559876,0.000005564467,0.00030555826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017989741,0.997259,0.00045576072,0.00005863639,0.00007445583,0.0000035240496,0.00002127417,0.000001476609,0.0003268277],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997608,0.000024475386,0.000029769033,0.000045626373,0.00011753183,0.000021776874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996896,0.0001449474,0.000057089255,0.0000097048905,0.00008300846,0.000015698632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007169293,0.0008814688,0.0016348088,0.002215735,0.00019200201,0.0012529053,0.0008030694,0.0009967411,0.0011577675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005134512,0.00041992724,0.0007684987,0.002500613,0.00032757304,0.0014012373,0.00054693944,0.0013038644,0.000674026],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001235553,0.00021088221,0.00020928422,0.03384255,0.00025573486,0.00019875781,0.000049105263,0.001365323,0.02716294,0.004904468,0.008348114,0.9233293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045404984,0.000558243,0.0017541053,0.0047028866,0.000586974,0.0015710051,0.00010960477,0.0016541226,0.02156503,0.0030042692,0.9643373,0.000110997054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009243433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023781226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002215735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004047102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066153164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038731098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392365664","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3981974/v1","title":"RETRACTED: A Two-Phase Sharp-Interface Numerical Model of Falling Film Thermal Desalination in a Vertical Channel","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Falling (accident); Channel (broadcasting); Interface (matter); Thermal; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Materials science; Desalination; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Telecommunications; Bubble; Chemistry; Psychology","score_opus":0.09220712048912585,"score_gpt":0.42099558270608484,"score_spread":0.328788462216959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392365664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56596375,0.0010438792,0.34256288,0.0025049984,0.00083005556,0.00031107393,0.0010693993,0.00081584655,0.08489813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9467768,0.0002575091,0.019444404,0.00027976005,0.00006888137,0.00016097318,0.0002990963,0.0001716783,0.032540854],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985063,0.000034649504,0.000008158996,0.00003768446,0.000037427442,0.000031432657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973685,0.00009203604,0.000025476693,0.000027473388,0.000073924275,0.000044243305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031599222,0.00066457177,0.00067111244,0.0003274073,0.0007650334,0.0012572028,0.0021846655,0.0033766367,0.006149928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014911962,0.0005584371,0.00080714165,0.00032134677,0.0013157198,0.0014315596,0.0009863089,0.0015585946,0.0006111134],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011376962,0.00009770186,0.000634895,0.000059977312,0.000017286633,0.00023382848,0.00008540452,0.9645519,0.006042055,0.02349052,0.0009261829,0.0037463864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015270729,0.000011732437,0.00008916418,0.0000029058906,0.000002262808,0.0000068432223,0.000009212875,0.9982584,0.0002930459,0.0010740581,0.00023226252,0.0000048478714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028272826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007957059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028272826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011017023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001233177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.056216538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392729547","doi":"10.1002/slct.202303555","title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Anti‐fouling Ultrafiltration Nanocomposite Membranes Integrated with S‐β Zeolite Nanoparticles for Oily Wastewater Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemistrySelect","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Zeolite; Characterization (materials science); Wastewater; Nanoparticle; Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.00937398952817673,"score_gpt":0.21678045695131962,"score_spread":0.2074064674231429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392729547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99388134,0.0004442752,0.005105646,0.000027036374,0.000009193209,0.00002210849,0.00009278996,0.000047396225,0.00037009307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99528223,0.00028463016,0.00350893,0.000013685931,0.0000030101035,0.00001900123,0.00008954937,0.000012929471,0.0007861778],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998858,0.000013673222,0.0000105748995,0.000022695758,0.000044919605,0.000022259095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998938,0.000019374267,0.0000321554,0.000005711505,0.00003499585,0.000013922751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020076991,0.00031927513,0.00024447837,0.00034511913,0.00014767124,0.00027518414,0.00013567296,0.00037746967,0.00022801483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019574822,0.00016609342,0.0003093156,0.00013191663,0.0001441412,0.00022174133,0.00015407486,0.00020797351,0.0001219803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010974237,0.000005388601,0.00006559185,0.000012084205,0.0000020129837,0.000009238547,0.0000043680484,0.000059438185,0.9994709,0.0000083367695,0.0000032467517,0.00034855423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025777276,0.000052987845,0.0011922197,0.0000021487126,0.000006810716,0.000025529413,0.000010431148,0.0009752204,0.9974669,0.0000063364605,0.00025637975,0.0000025312734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009734427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017689066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009734427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002535511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001555862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019356012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392820821","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.127107","title":"Design of hydrophobic polymer brush for mitigation of membrane wetting in membrane distillation- computer simulation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Brush; Polymer brush; Polymer; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymerization","score_opus":0.01647747978168986,"score_gpt":0.28422148029085437,"score_spread":0.2677440005091645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392820821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68749344,0.0009109687,0.28500053,0.00039943113,0.00010051336,0.00019873746,0.00016298227,0.00036140252,0.025371967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96892786,0.00026624824,0.027885437,0.000029265262,0.0000048716397,0.00009214192,0.000036578436,0.000029858606,0.0027277628],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995613,0.000011419501,0.0000018366675,0.000007028108,0.000013410265,0.0000102734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989307,0.00005200472,0.000010571266,0.000007151485,0.00002762693,0.000009511514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019832786,0.00025773793,0.00037029534,0.0001879151,0.000321504,0.00041024835,0.00035477034,0.00064555573,0.0021851708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040292324,0.00025843774,0.00030620222,0.00016255838,0.00018044304,0.00030561685,0.0002570584,0.00026898016,0.00020171491],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007522611,0.000071837276,0.0005848141,0.00013111523,0.000014160296,0.000073723415,0.000032152628,0.9592689,0.027802743,0.0027946134,0.00020652026,0.008944267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010129229,0.000029430534,0.0000923255,0.0000030440387,0.0000052354662,0.0000054387096,0.0000074787185,0.9958949,0.0034754986,0.00019400235,0.00027961738,0.0000028560887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029366238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033130762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029366238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034059654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005447901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073100924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392907192","doi":"10.32920/25412716.v1","title":"Optimal Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Latex Particle Fouling Remediation in Ultrafiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Ultrasound; Membrane; Cavitation; Membrane fouling; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.02404521223547881,"score_gpt":0.2715207838634087,"score_spread":0.2474755716279299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392907192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99370366,0.0016718457,0.004140052,0.000042108728,0.00001702145,0.000015932634,0.000027452355,0.00003443215,0.00034744042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947331,0.0007900307,0.003946127,0.000020664651,0.0000064614123,0.000017582006,0.000027750608,0.0000077803015,0.00045057028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976796,0.000042625565,0.000020003785,0.00005167826,0.00007788048,0.000039870887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986684,0.00003393929,0.0000505477,0.000007603316,0.000028162056,0.000012927203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025442793,0.00022426278,0.0003288497,0.00016114366,0.00014451912,0.00037714755,0.00022529389,0.00037635007,0.0003359266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003025292,0.00015855592,0.00025161824,0.00018523405,0.00020652977,0.00031468357,0.00023442443,0.00030294826,0.00010058808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008316674,0.000030488232,0.00010505955,0.00006886577,0.0000038134017,0.00002311178,0.000017611379,0.00026323178,0.9974274,0.000022422248,0.000015895283,0.0019389763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013740866,0.0004544675,0.0016539722,0.000008216792,0.000016820253,0.000041275922,0.000018973122,0.0023602752,0.9947314,0.00001773849,0.00067355455,0.000009567554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007971339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017350807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007971339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002850232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016632116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020680428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392927836","doi":"10.32920/25412716","title":"Optimal Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Latex Particle Fouling Remediation in Ultrafiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Cavitation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.02404521223547881,"score_gpt":0.2715207838634087,"score_spread":0.2474755716279299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392927836","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99370366,0.0016718457,0.004140052,0.000042108728,0.00001702145,0.000015932634,0.000027452355,0.00003443215,0.00034744042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947331,0.0007900307,0.003946127,0.000020664651,0.0000064614123,0.000017582006,0.000027750608,0.0000077803015,0.00045057028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976796,0.000042625565,0.000020003785,0.00005167826,0.00007788048,0.000039870887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986684,0.00003393929,0.0000505477,0.000007603316,0.000028162056,0.000012927203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025442793,0.00022426278,0.0003288497,0.00016114366,0.00014451912,0.00037714755,0.00022529389,0.00037635007,0.0003359266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003025292,0.00015855592,0.00025161824,0.00018523405,0.00020652977,0.00031468357,0.00023442443,0.00030294826,0.00010058808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008316674,0.000030488232,0.00010505955,0.00006886577,0.0000038134017,0.00002311178,0.000017611379,0.00026323178,0.9974274,0.000022422248,0.000015895283,0.0019389763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013740866,0.0004544675,0.0016539722,0.000008216792,0.000016820253,0.000041275922,0.000018973122,0.0023602752,0.9947314,0.00001773849,0.00067355455,0.000009567554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007971339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017350807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007971339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002850232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016632116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020680428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393226171","doi":"10.1007/s10098-024-02801-6","title":"Performance of a novel hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) treating synthetic dairy wastewater: assessment of coupled mechanical removal sections and MBR","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Industrial and production engineering; Bioreactor; Wastewater reuse; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01203417650100176,"score_gpt":0.24647046864591177,"score_spread":0.23443629214491002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393226171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99739313,0.00022069078,0.0019890773,0.000036776426,0.000010765147,0.00000963797,0.00006998835,0.000034751847,0.0002350469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99606556,0.000183292,0.0027937503,0.00003058257,0.0000070032606,0.000012126519,0.00010293779,0.0000075927223,0.0007972753],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997583,0.000037286547,0.000022684686,0.000048336293,0.000096480035,0.00003688502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983215,0.000041851505,0.000027708651,0.0000121223065,0.000057528094,0.00002867442],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048847066,0.00029321373,0.00037847966,0.00018533245,0.00026147263,0.00039212007,0.00042804398,0.00058892247,0.00059828145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033132854,0.00015651961,0.00035783148,0.00012950173,0.00015186018,0.00030052036,0.00030930023,0.00032620277,0.00022411636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031293658,0.000046012978,0.0003886948,0.000034704404,0.000010493349,0.000011248254,0.000010718153,0.0004085302,0.99707794,0.000015459256,0.0000194249,0.0016638443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024755196,0.0012646768,0.0034905116,0.0000036967556,0.000032392494,0.00005097809,0.000032458112,0.004636583,0.98999184,0.000014686676,0.0004489837,0.0000084294015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037395302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004676184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037395302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004014246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036803208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00743556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393336618","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105214","title":"Characterization and acid treatment of silica and organics in evaporator blowdown wastewater arising from SAGD operations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Evaporator; Wastewater; Waste management; Characterization (materials science); Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Heat exchanger; Inlet","score_opus":0.006557692255863617,"score_gpt":0.21102530663808414,"score_spread":0.20446761438222052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393336618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982857,0.00018097884,0.00066690455,0.000017879403,0.0000055136315,0.000029828081,0.0002588489,0.000006802027,0.00054753444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99338526,0.0008044206,0.0034863234,0.000068011876,0.000007677248,0.000057784928,0.0005363837,0.000016855147,0.0016371632],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996823,0.000035284127,0.000035150522,0.00005244455,0.00014886259,0.000045953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998672,0.000034190656,0.00003022046,0.0000053011227,0.00005039946,0.000012605695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029421173,0.00031748548,0.0005234094,0.0006029509,0.0003199348,0.00064438966,0.00021370694,0.000573175,0.0005157394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028452717,0.00014957518,0.000398966,0.00046946402,0.00028155852,0.0002843349,0.0002879839,0.00033458756,0.00021456118],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008859084,0.00003383554,0.00290719,0.00013122728,0.000007784682,0.00018852591,0.00010146959,0.00035218557,0.99354726,0.000020833108,0.000029080426,0.002591941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011272614,0.00065661053,0.048936725,0.0000414941,0.000037897218,0.00029470463,0.00088705093,0.0026513734,0.9445181,0.000094040144,0.0018419534,0.000028751387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027912771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004558913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027912771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028048467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031434625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0055500865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394010476","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240024","title":"Investigation of the effect of permeation and antifouling characteristics of hybrid poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes tailored with <scp>ZIF</scp>‐67 metal–organic frameworks","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Biofouling; Permeation; Fluoride; Membrane; Metal-organic framework; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Metal; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.006087630533202943,"score_gpt":0.21707025294208804,"score_spread":0.2109826224088851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394010476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987098,0.00028792134,0.0007852078,0.000011859353,0.0000045323945,0.0000034929835,0.000031042848,0.000013130237,0.00015294376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988105,0.00020645306,0.00071235106,0.000007653833,0.000001666303,0.000003992019,0.000033234053,0.0000041645167,0.00021997573],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992,0.000009871245,0.0000040591794,0.000013915005,0.000027531618,0.000024561456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993193,0.000015846012,0.000023945047,0.000004169113,0.000015302076,0.000008835983],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012429005,0.00021823915,0.00015946047,0.0001117384,0.00009048656,0.00022800764,0.00011989101,0.00024493027,0.0002908943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014085032,0.0001178158,0.00016344726,0.00009481277,0.00011491277,0.00020399355,0.00008568664,0.00021583664,0.00007766797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020039442,0.000003844796,0.000051494833,0.0000141840965,0.000003176042,0.0000115303355,0.000003969129,0.000039621074,0.9995196,0.00001225351,0.0000041703433,0.00031615305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021402777,0.000049783528,0.00092230324,0.000001016295,0.000006333389,0.00002834333,0.000007379266,0.00052279007,0.9982469,0.0000038961357,0.00020690801,0.000002291519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070285966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008582147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070285966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017367525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000804091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013975501},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394063436","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.117614","title":"Advances and challenges in tailoring antibacterial polyamide thin film composite membranes for water treatment and desalination: A critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Fouling; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Surface modification; Biochemical engineering; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.10613824118531254,"score_gpt":0.36077093610149946,"score_spread":0.2546326949161869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394063436","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00012382267,0.9991233,0.0001843767,0.00017613897,0.00011875408,0.000003855669,0.00001056472,0.0000041882913,0.00025508538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005713539,0.9987281,0.00026193573,0.00013725937,0.000089549896,0.0000047864696,0.000013954518,8.521343e-7,0.00019225701],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971706,0.00003823871,0.000042199594,0.000046012305,0.00012181455,0.000034651846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992617,0.00038815994,0.00010122281,0.000015054168,0.00020126547,0.000032578242],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012951752,0.0009119596,0.0016128024,0.0017610539,0.0002737864,0.0013585661,0.00078419317,0.0011046598,0.0021419525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011369485,0.00039628043,0.0006677964,0.0019361757,0.00038585663,0.0019258783,0.0007902831,0.0015660648,0.0007631952],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094243514,0.000103181796,0.00019653556,0.045997467,0.00017769687,0.00017824919,0.00009244756,0.00064516,0.00991471,0.004036255,0.019320149,0.919244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028847006,0.00025981403,0.0008300715,0.007996073,0.00045040384,0.0005851251,0.00013231131,0.00033426893,0.0039163274,0.0023592138,0.98305374,0.000053826734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091960846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025411088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021419525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056538236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016259351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007165551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394879484","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4797138","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water Using Novel Electroconductive Membranes in a Hybrid Membrane Distillation and Electro-Fenton Process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Process (computing); Distillation; Process engineering; Contamination; Chemistry; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Computer science; Chromatography; Engineering; Desalination; Ecology","score_opus":0.014483961319278003,"score_gpt":0.269758838117951,"score_spread":0.255274876798673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394879484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901126,0.00078838394,0.007882159,0.000121380544,0.00005322198,0.00003063685,0.000060079587,0.000078659614,0.0008728109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99181706,0.00047087716,0.005382473,0.000062806495,0.000015431768,0.000024295297,0.00005253693,0.000014648229,0.0021599433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998393,0.00001770404,0.000008999445,0.000039046532,0.00005751293,0.00003723818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999261,0.00001983776,0.000013885237,0.000007030055,0.000021220812,0.000011977497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022154162,0.0004436587,0.00046333924,0.00021421675,0.00030947576,0.0005601619,0.00040030474,0.00075539586,0.00059213856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019388973,0.00024309864,0.00043467505,0.00017717086,0.00029024994,0.00049605937,0.00045179314,0.0006126299,0.00032508513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054751228,0.000021714864,0.000060495582,0.000051275438,0.000007196498,0.000044897242,0.00002359776,0.00017519925,0.9978709,0.00008823706,0.000029627196,0.001572203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008479767,0.000108448316,0.00038578303,0.0000021888782,0.000012465555,0.00005290084,0.000012981091,0.0017148496,0.99707305,0.000043817538,0.00057936925,0.00000570841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071593624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013559568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075539586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029889823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023053815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002168715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394931656","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2024.2343128","title":"Phased-inline coagulation for low-pressure membranes in water and wastewater treatment: a review of fouling mitigation, process control, and water quality","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Technology Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coagulation; Fouling; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Water quality; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Process (computing); Waste management; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.030677284052733136,"score_gpt":0.33956151742000346,"score_spread":0.30888423336727033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394931656","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00042627222,0.9980102,0.0004074627,0.0001811874,0.00016611187,0.00000855762,0.000029982073,0.000009757706,0.00076050044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013803408,0.99727863,0.0005267818,0.00012285737,0.0001380003,0.00001176379,0.000046569752,0.0000027238073,0.0004923526],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996037,0.00006565921,0.0000721071,0.00007969291,0.00014419157,0.0000346952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908674,0.00047402372,0.00019343616,0.000021585609,0.00018412746,0.000040091665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078878476,0.0011602731,0.0016599013,0.0027534987,0.00040467025,0.001251281,0.00077363476,0.0013820318,0.0032935163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093448965,0.00048537346,0.0010132823,0.0039749574,0.00044162577,0.002024752,0.0006035782,0.001275328,0.0012387389],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101051235,0.00023484386,0.00041156635,0.1324164,0.00026239408,0.0004207125,0.00021545427,0.001568442,0.017953387,0.0060765645,0.024090033,0.81624913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013906618,0.0005007185,0.001661762,0.0095491605,0.00044540258,0.001241024,0.00014586309,0.0005158391,0.0049760784,0.0019310798,0.9789556,0.00006355736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012317096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019244225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032935163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005042542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014511116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011017919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394963243","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.3c02960","title":"Electrochemical Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) Membranes Using Polyethylenimine Cross-Linked Polydopamine-Bound Carbon Nanotubes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Colleges and Universities","keywords":"Polyethylenimine; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Electrochemistry; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface modification; Zeta potential; Nanomaterials; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Nanoparticle; Electrode","score_opus":0.014842197964462466,"score_gpt":0.2665297805433562,"score_spread":0.25168758257889373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394963243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7651408,0.010833509,0.21743542,0.00063126994,0.0002720976,0.00026666265,0.0008475713,0.00092487375,0.0036477954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85723513,0.007764692,0.12880895,0.0002500776,0.000072806586,0.0002472636,0.00062228314,0.00008584858,0.0049130204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928707,0.00010866487,0.000064031374,0.00024259188,0.00021262385,0.00008503043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961674,0.00012955826,0.00011283097,0.000024107996,0.00009680082,0.00001990569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061087,0.0008942884,0.00048661686,0.0003716107,0.00028066203,0.00046168285,0.0006252278,0.00096700166,0.00039553558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073919067,0.00036777763,0.0005043282,0.00045505297,0.00024217373,0.0009227554,0.000309205,0.0007430876,0.0004267685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001168746,0.000007964084,0.000045329605,0.000070756214,0.000006998129,0.00002727513,0.0000098899345,0.0000746398,0.99752504,0.0000400686,0.0000256275,0.0021546998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030285498,0.000041836236,0.00026942752,0.0000037567215,0.0000074992226,0.00008230965,0.0000063423067,0.00067510415,0.99804735,0.000020673579,0.0008382019,0.0000045610054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007345218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012683251,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096700166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005141133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027168356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037302375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395026307","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad41e8","title":"Metal cation crosslinked, partially reduced graphene oxide membranes with enhanced stability for high salinity, produced water treatment by pervaporative separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Qatar National Research Fund; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Materials science; Graphene; Oxide; Membrane; Metal; Chemical engineering; Pervaporation; Salinity; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Permeation; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02094879548136901,"score_gpt":0.2811982933798594,"score_spread":0.2602494978984904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395026307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99709153,0.00026684083,0.0021021178,0.00004442739,0.000012661056,0.000008855987,0.000057209232,0.00006247498,0.00035373663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99543375,0.00018253174,0.0033293106,0.000028934006,0.0000037375155,0.000011905063,0.00008857293,0.00001668799,0.000904563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989986,0.000011443452,0.000008239831,0.000023899245,0.000033635395,0.000022977589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999156,0.000011757407,0.000035226825,0.00000847318,0.000017904378,0.000010968895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014101145,0.00035271843,0.00016334472,0.0001776108,0.00013277592,0.00024729795,0.00019112672,0.00045285776,0.000368729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021281185,0.00015839498,0.00023244934,0.00010964275,0.00015577159,0.00029161962,0.00018231168,0.00032096345,0.00014719958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005852481,0.0000022991283,0.000020111987,0.00000510079,0.0000010196727,0.000007307318,0.0000031554282,0.000028927172,0.9997495,0.000007498348,0.000004607644,0.00016452314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021387398,0.00004139293,0.0007916459,0.0000014545058,0.0000058433625,0.0000269267,0.0000071729487,0.00042371103,0.99832124,0.000006630958,0.00036828718,0.0000035896824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070668134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015429519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00070668134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023800669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012001968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017268062},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395044103","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.151564","title":"Biochar decorated with metal–organic framework nanoparticles as robust modifier to manipulate nanofiltration mixed matrix membranes characteristics and performance","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Membrane; Biochar; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanoparticle; Chromatography; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01035265826709335,"score_gpt":0.21289102554459277,"score_spread":0.2025383672774994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395044103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892725,0.0009853577,0.007771792,0.000083424966,0.000093431794,0.000019407682,0.00014039839,0.00020312278,0.0014305927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942385,0.0002958111,0.0037868368,0.000046181816,0.00001071488,0.000014139757,0.00008374162,0.000025934623,0.0014981822],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998771,0.000008406613,0.000008058866,0.000034448476,0.00004059905,0.000031331972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992573,0.000014091496,0.00002214178,0.000010380158,0.000017569042,0.000010050245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012388006,0.00030246255,0.00022170346,0.00017518777,0.00016033485,0.0002740711,0.00027365983,0.00042533522,0.0005491692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001669752,0.00017954201,0.0002783678,0.00011737668,0.00015064639,0.00023506119,0.00020724682,0.00037913455,0.000252912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018944924,0.0000047602443,0.000028272389,0.000013642369,0.0000032813641,0.000014829058,0.000004499625,0.00005343903,0.9993092,0.00004004961,0.000014431381,0.0004947007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018246782,0.000021854135,0.00022519675,6.76951e-7,0.000004649057,0.0000143631605,0.000003574196,0.0004658939,0.9989236,0.00000889941,0.0003269383,0.000002493074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055458775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014725506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00055458775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002748692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014505132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019943118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395453695","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2023-0164","title":"Construction of new hydrophobic δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> flower-like/kaolin/(3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane/metal mesh membrane for oil/water separation: modeling of fouling process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Triethoxysilane; Chemistry; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013238762046637117,"score_gpt":0.2401229593198957,"score_spread":0.22688419727325856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395453695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750059,0.00047961815,0.023281796,0.00007395204,0.00003143084,0.000058595233,0.00014201531,0.00017657616,0.0007501542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700364,0.00041424757,0.02818427,0.000040339062,0.0000042204174,0.00006267386,0.00012053899,0.000022152646,0.0011151868],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993944,0.0000057666625,0.000004458673,0.000018834839,0.000018913894,0.000012560847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999434,0.000005997902,0.00002104427,0.0000044608137,0.000009769821,0.000015261881],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011035674,0.00032530338,0.00027246668,0.00014609446,0.00013943901,0.00023333711,0.00035710816,0.00053757656,0.00030131705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011285968,0.00016655763,0.00043177803,0.00013064753,0.00015494587,0.00029309216,0.00019864978,0.00022557155,0.00019869563],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019378582,0.000008232284,0.000079552105,0.000035437002,0.000005536697,0.000044613073,0.0000061112996,0.00040921653,0.99881446,0.000052424013,0.000012527333,0.00051236455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008724915,0.00013366649,0.0009246334,0.000002783034,0.000017943352,0.000113884074,0.000015006736,0.007208694,0.990613,0.000032083746,0.000921066,0.000008467243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004884653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00089474814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053757656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002956094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018360137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021448135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395670042","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2024.1355598","title":"Modeling pore wetting in direct contact membrane distillation—effect of interfacial capillary pressure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane distillation; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Porous medium; Porosity; Desalination","score_opus":0.005199589135993494,"score_gpt":0.23476240569427498,"score_spread":0.22956281655828148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395670042","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4291158,0.00086780125,0.56082314,0.00029034066,0.000069080634,0.00016064485,0.0003067476,0.0005734897,0.0077930135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96797645,0.0005073081,0.028606026,0.000050016537,0.00001420721,0.00015173925,0.00012416953,0.00006342939,0.0025065586],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999783,0.000038714596,0.000009599255,0.000050145154,0.000081134225,0.000037391517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949217,0.00032667076,0.000042342508,0.00003456854,0.00007991552,0.000024271862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030952352,0.00067154306,0.00078501337,0.0002965415,0.00039096616,0.0008058705,0.0010522436,0.0017593816,0.0009432004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014901984,0.0004319112,0.00086648157,0.00031088514,0.0005333064,0.0012712271,0.0005602121,0.0007449569,0.0001878764],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026231852,0.000024563777,0.00046203475,0.0000512315,0.000008954829,0.000083359,0.000024487994,0.9844938,0.01133664,0.0012373851,0.000047046437,0.0022041856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000332352,0.000009928853,0.00006828235,0.00000126246,0.0000020543248,0.000009632207,0.000002329272,0.9975642,0.0020915822,0.00014542889,0.00009978132,0.00000235534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014394238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005228792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014394238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011504753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012183585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.028620899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395955232","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172772","title":"Optimizing energy efficiency in brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO): A comprehensive study on prioritizing critical operating parameters for specific energy consumption minimization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; American Water Works Association","keywords":"Brackish water; Reverse osmosis; Energy consumption; Minification; Environmental science; Efficient energy use; Energy minimization; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Chemistry; Geology; Membrane","score_opus":0.031081830335316363,"score_gpt":0.2661087231779767,"score_spread":0.23502689284266032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395955232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9009545,0.007688521,0.08619251,0.0003749361,0.00004905631,0.00014803653,0.00023927126,0.0001743884,0.004178843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97636706,0.004258134,0.018161789,0.00006047565,0.000010109088,0.000069098765,0.00017202641,0.000029550622,0.00087170064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996111,0.00007394388,0.000030140543,0.000082964914,0.00015748659,0.000044410877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959415,0.0001787647,0.0000818304,0.00002621815,0.00010174251,0.000017252987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009691931,0.00063461217,0.00080191315,0.00043712583,0.00031802713,0.0010580976,0.00052828173,0.0003966342,0.0004582544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012961124,0.00022253027,0.0006819285,0.00059554726,0.00031392544,0.0011276079,0.0006021776,0.00057522516,0.00014636652],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007113425,0.00075674185,0.015303287,0.003855848,0.00021423379,0.0003237397,0.00026605756,0.29845327,0.45031828,0.006027093,0.0010923417,0.2226778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000053972708,0.003894704,0.020250853,0.00026837317,0.00044110598,0.00019347032,0.0005427189,0.5755303,0.38038394,0.004099798,0.014178001,0.00016276461],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030281185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048005013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030281185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007058319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011457005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006021023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396701062","doi":"10.11159/iceptp24.140","title":"Nature-Inspired Hydrodynamic Techniques to Enhance Membrane Separation Performance – A CFD+DEM Case Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Separation (statistics); Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Machine learning","score_opus":0.004092729484531405,"score_gpt":0.23727429694177732,"score_spread":0.23318156745724591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396701062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93396974,0.0002819177,0.031814057,0.0007459368,0.000048981678,0.0001053788,0.0006613974,0.000621203,0.031751342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821248,0.00013442294,0.014543856,0.000028879807,0.0000069632797,0.000023949418,0.00015365849,0.000028870858,0.0029546423],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998975,0.00002521279,0.0000036203292,0.000012670825,0.000037023663,0.000024016308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966407,0.0002091252,0.000019899326,0.000034686243,0.00004975892,0.000022433516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032043786,0.0003607704,0.00030298467,0.00047727412,0.000564932,0.00062044983,0.00058007287,0.0013466638,0.0018498553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005878068,0.00020495491,0.00039004665,0.00048642527,0.00055493857,0.00051557174,0.00034982423,0.00036689968,0.00023417803],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021580135,0.00042849925,0.004303134,0.000155595,0.000029163813,0.0015959154,0.00017999197,0.9378335,0.022697631,0.004681207,0.0024486543,0.025430923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000487198,0.00011362553,0.0020235707,0.000008542737,0.000010979432,0.00018883008,0.00010905783,0.98187697,0.011928882,0.0011974799,0.002472495,0.000020875459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068149576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008507461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068149576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065156096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041149097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01355058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396713313","doi":"10.1039/d4va00058g","title":"A review of current developments in graphene oxide–polysulfone derived membranes for water remediation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Environmental remediation; Current (fluid); Groundwater remediation; Materials science; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Contamination; Metallurgy; Ecology; Electrical engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.03390748792264927,"score_gpt":0.3342492434147305,"score_spread":0.30034175549208125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396713313","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002830889,0.99817145,0.00020106237,0.00013115484,0.00022125406,0.00000737318,0.00004528887,0.000010277927,0.00092896516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007028284,0.99825794,0.00024724656,0.00010993357,0.00009104379,0.000006160733,0.00004385706,0.0000012212447,0.000539722],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986124,0.00001620583,0.000024229796,0.000024982655,0.000058681788,0.000014772035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998254,0.00007021204,0.000034518387,0.00000570431,0.000048535025,0.000015627864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036900345,0.00093151745,0.0010489622,0.0024346763,0.00025772097,0.0006713866,0.0006260077,0.0006437651,0.0032435853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043322434,0.00030744806,0.0006661996,0.0027633784,0.00018585112,0.0010311184,0.0004903542,0.0010277192,0.0013250483],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008815907,0.000121432204,0.00014293793,0.06411851,0.00020251877,0.0002879072,0.00008009333,0.0005874337,0.012670099,0.0032253505,0.031528994,0.8869466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017241453,0.00019536799,0.0009764888,0.005181978,0.0002765339,0.0007549608,0.000053478732,0.00012988673,0.0024694332,0.001092892,0.9888164,0.000035306755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079813617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019842838,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032435853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030938516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00074458646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010850906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396993971","doi":"10.1007/s10924-024-03300-x","title":"Enhanced Nanofiltration Performance of the PVC/PVA Thin Film Membranes for Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater through Incorporation of Amino-functionalized SBA-15 Nanoparticles","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Refinery; Wastewater; Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.011788692142753746,"score_gpt":0.21521439961258118,"score_spread":0.20342570746982744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396993971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973496,0.00044877557,0.00144867,0.00003445758,0.000023659413,0.0000065094605,0.00008625202,0.000032825104,0.0005692475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974475,0.00028698044,0.0011649253,0.000021176931,0.000004555987,0.000007929908,0.000074309995,0.000008880253,0.0009838298],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998958,0.0000103507255,0.000009820218,0.00001981207,0.00003233388,0.00003188856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999325,0.000015385609,0.000014016509,0.0000033411368,0.000025691605,0.000008971643],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020640201,0.0003264168,0.00022354635,0.00018480694,0.00020501843,0.00025964077,0.00021397302,0.0004195891,0.0005843182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018301007,0.0001772403,0.0004323029,0.000105442035,0.00012409466,0.00031937895,0.00014362329,0.00044484125,0.00018917749],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057372417,0.000011812118,0.000058941754,0.00002391768,0.000004288315,0.000013739248,0.00001329073,0.000092263,0.9989015,0.000030977735,0.000016403585,0.00077548705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025532813,0.000050743867,0.00050289684,0.0000017465651,0.0000063954544,0.000012288439,0.000005739506,0.00073173986,0.99852556,0.0000061176015,0.00015143916,0.0000028822199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018044423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002342915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018044423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003511223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023117627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035879612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398187114","doi":"10.1039/d4ew00239c","title":"The impact of secondary operating temperature on in-line coagulation/flocculation and fouling of membranes used in tertiary treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Anhui University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Fouling; Flocculation; Coagulation; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Medicine; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026098321264055237,"score_gpt":0.342353812425473,"score_spread":0.31625549116141777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398187114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963193,0.0011163125,0.0014502095,0.000027331835,0.000030890675,0.000021783464,0.0001341497,0.000026358242,0.0008737213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980981,0.00051654695,0.00074121956,0.000014789927,0.0000069706803,0.000008212067,0.00007183026,0.000009990554,0.00053235766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997589,0.00004183567,0.000017817349,0.000042006057,0.00007988327,0.00005965205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972135,0.0000739232,0.00006520819,0.00002396696,0.00009257732,0.000023007908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028988268,0.0003611472,0.000390321,0.00019832143,0.00023672868,0.00037887564,0.0002058411,0.00034053272,0.0008864762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004674051,0.00011449025,0.00047919218,0.00020000908,0.00021332523,0.00034733204,0.00019361022,0.0003985247,0.00022897297],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006122838,0.00007772803,0.0013204486,0.00017822401,0.000026216641,0.000081773345,0.00004571718,0.0006448125,0.9920391,0.00005446547,0.00006164046,0.004857712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004110488,0.0005651353,0.0052063055,0.000006277485,0.00003242846,0.000055338598,0.00002970336,0.001004445,0.9926603,0.000024043919,0.00040387266,0.000007985209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00086944783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010694996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008864762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026830475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002567833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00296551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398207163","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4837709","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water Using Novel Electroconductive Membranes in a Hybrid Membrane Distillation and Electro-Fenton Process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Process (computing); Contamination; Process engineering; Chemistry; Distillation; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Computer science; Desalination; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014483961319278003,"score_gpt":0.269758838117951,"score_spread":0.255274876798673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398207163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901126,0.00078838394,0.007882159,0.000121380544,0.00005322198,0.00003063685,0.000060079587,0.000078659614,0.0008728109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99181706,0.00047087716,0.005382473,0.000062806495,0.000015431768,0.000024295297,0.00005253693,0.000014648229,0.0021599433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998393,0.00001770404,0.000008999445,0.000039046532,0.00005751293,0.00003723818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999261,0.00001983776,0.000013885237,0.000007030055,0.000021220812,0.000011977497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022154162,0.0004436587,0.00046333924,0.00021421675,0.00030947576,0.0005601619,0.00040030474,0.00075539586,0.00059213856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019388973,0.00024309864,0.00043467505,0.00017717086,0.00029024994,0.00049605937,0.00045179314,0.0006126299,0.00032508513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054751228,0.000021714864,0.000060495582,0.000051275438,0.000007196498,0.000044897242,0.00002359776,0.00017519925,0.9978709,0.00008823706,0.000029627196,0.001572203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008479767,0.000108448316,0.00038578303,0.0000021888782,0.000012465555,0.00005290084,0.000012981091,0.0017148496,0.99707305,0.000043817538,0.00057936925,0.00000570841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071593624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013559568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075539586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029889823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023053815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002168715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399013045","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105523","title":"Advancements and challenges in membrane bioreactor performance for decentralized and low-temperature applications: A comprehensive review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reuse; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Fouling; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04081251626175124,"score_gpt":0.3036162007936395,"score_spread":0.26280368453188824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399013045","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00017160944,0.9991456,0.00014896752,0.00017801809,0.00009649221,0.000003504042,0.000022031483,0.000005098959,0.00022869161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00059239176,0.9988733,0.0002151451,0.00010951701,0.00007438485,0.0000031365971,0.000022986593,9.627097e-7,0.000108134824],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996068,0.000046665915,0.00006772661,0.000075092605,0.00016716617,0.000036656875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877757,0.0006480066,0.00017421212,0.000023424309,0.0003255155,0.00005127956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016670069,0.0008278393,0.0017672393,0.002512786,0.0002497587,0.0013040508,0.0009395924,0.00097246043,0.0020856725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017895186,0.00036184714,0.00087011413,0.0030157836,0.00043640388,0.0018489152,0.0008250692,0.0012357109,0.0007494986],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011952991,0.00010049572,0.0005089644,0.05301149,0.0002324556,0.00014883897,0.00007646012,0.00047839168,0.0046309032,0.0023869362,0.016845798,0.92145973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000038110735,0.00033620515,0.002783054,0.011576524,0.0009711442,0.0008989114,0.00018361582,0.00035784027,0.0026757086,0.0019377447,0.978157,0.00008409319],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012354384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028476152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002512786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005357614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019122389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008816063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399142874","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100129","title":"Unveiling the intricacies of protein-protein interactions and membrane fouling: Exploring hetero-protein complex formation in binary mixtures","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Engineering Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"DLVO theory; Fouling; Lysozyme; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Membrane; Protein adsorption; Chemical physics; Biophysics; Adsorption; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Biology; Physical chemistry; Colloid","score_opus":0.028452948423893683,"score_gpt":0.2608517681779667,"score_spread":0.232398819754073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399142874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7620916,0.13945666,0.09182305,0.0009604974,0.00016244962,0.00010746914,0.00019825785,0.0001883577,0.0050116163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89223284,0.07313449,0.031617355,0.00061398355,0.00008196086,0.00009254404,0.00022935866,0.000046122736,0.001951299],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969614,0.00006228678,0.000018347451,0.00008340482,0.000093931725,0.000045949862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997639,0.0001274371,0.000051877545,0.0000106607895,0.000031668584,0.000014501065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051086064,0.00042219766,0.0009809863,0.00038143716,0.00025124833,0.0007499176,0.00048454158,0.00090359617,0.00039268343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063941994,0.00031255474,0.00047273227,0.00036954277,0.00047386467,0.001493207,0.0005151832,0.0010443944,0.00021067464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009317068,0.00009932071,0.0024142498,0.0026536405,0.00020280447,0.00031878735,0.0002550547,0.004052149,0.9540111,0.002519038,0.00033377577,0.03304703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027798847,0.00086096156,0.017658211,0.0002378874,0.00036987907,0.0013229265,0.00079252635,0.068459146,0.87637764,0.008943954,0.024844173,0.000104950384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073766505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008575304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009809863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003497377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035222986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027016997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399273911","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128256","title":"Green nanoparticles blending with polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane for antifouling oily wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Ultimate tensile strength; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography","score_opus":0.01772857942459195,"score_gpt":0.27233845335342466,"score_spread":0.2546098739288327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399273911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883703,0.0013525712,0.008084185,0.00008302561,0.000104322826,0.000022209766,0.00006577412,0.0001614636,0.0017563065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915039,0.000610551,0.004092858,0.00004858199,0.000010818998,0.000017435477,0.000050906307,0.000038723116,0.003626137],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986196,0.000013943115,0.000009666306,0.000033370277,0.00005109873,0.000029904992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994147,0.0000074166906,0.00001552536,0.000004237938,0.000020266198,0.000011169036],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015535878,0.00046428296,0.00032614835,0.00029921927,0.00023114981,0.00032230836,0.00020030298,0.00048114173,0.0005857359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001272352,0.00020571101,0.00052100746,0.0001991144,0.00013628173,0.00044684278,0.00027041574,0.000359307,0.0002534643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046411315,0.000025118388,0.0000656885,0.00003812575,0.000008715457,0.000029939403,0.000008693043,0.0001472239,0.9975854,0.000059132366,0.00003751201,0.0019480715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031789773,0.0000477842,0.00032920577,0.0000021057574,0.000012028795,0.000022213304,0.000005605075,0.00088624004,0.9980925,0.000010350145,0.0005856516,0.0000030963702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011140927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020341093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011140927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003980975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018346136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002888441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399364303","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00341","title":"Thermo- and CO<sub>2</sub>-Responsive Copolymers for Forward Osmosis Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Innovationsfonden","keywords":"Copolymer; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.051980303895616684,"score_gpt":0.3312916724446304,"score_spread":0.2793113685490137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399364303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677824,0.0021912234,0.026116014,0.00016545145,0.0000785201,0.00007939825,0.00020409047,0.00022590606,0.003156906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97745854,0.0012217175,0.017757941,0.000083617924,0.000023184612,0.0000631109,0.0001280308,0.0000665793,0.0031973976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999107,0.000010541311,0.000006113505,0.000019627723,0.000033546257,0.00001952495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998809,0.000024538205,0.00004671737,0.0000065218755,0.000019965448,0.000021274927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013713204,0.00042487084,0.00018900279,0.00017637106,0.00011599464,0.0002642051,0.00011687598,0.00029658503,0.001146811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018575245,0.0001818802,0.00013613625,0.00014841743,0.00019492574,0.00047863132,0.00021368595,0.0005050628,0.00042124954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001315055,0.0000041567046,0.000026279577,0.000014191405,7.7386545e-7,0.0000105092995,0.0000024886142,0.00004192114,0.99918896,0.00005656696,0.00001209026,0.0006289724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017732772,0.000022054011,0.00017696265,0.0000010187833,0.0000018471162,0.000027455144,0.000002262245,0.00037583068,0.99876803,0.000011254863,0.0006100503,0.0000013253069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015273818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046525363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001146811,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027271046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015818412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038365126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399779471","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105528","title":"Application of polyelectrolytes for contaminant removal and recovery during water and wastewater treatment: A critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Wastewater; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015209140103013582,"score_gpt":0.2811970144606782,"score_spread":0.2659878743576646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399779471","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004156803,0.9978927,0.00040265417,0.00017840292,0.00028966655,0.000008665173,0.000023298291,0.00000861556,0.00078036933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011740475,0.9976641,0.00038818165,0.0001273606,0.00017492688,0.000009937369,0.000041665473,0.0000022707904,0.000417501],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996673,0.000044096967,0.000058980637,0.00007174806,0.00012394256,0.00003394747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944943,0.00023822993,0.000083789506,0.000015020997,0.00018150613,0.0000321389],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064611895,0.0011600925,0.001249641,0.0024320811,0.00041639205,0.0010889636,0.00082579564,0.0011425312,0.0026245422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072186027,0.0003836548,0.00078602124,0.0032908395,0.00041635,0.0018922997,0.0006224028,0.0011792589,0.0013693521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008424869,0.00018199539,0.00041863433,0.0814941,0.00017373676,0.00040004906,0.00018619903,0.0012956416,0.011992776,0.005170558,0.029661559,0.8689404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007758224,0.00021871975,0.0010040366,0.005338023,0.00018329524,0.0010103117,0.00010395654,0.00025142456,0.003511126,0.0013289532,0.9870035,0.0000388505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012056791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013654552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026245422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005158972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015641706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008779943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399828019","doi":"10.32920/26052784.v1","title":"Membrane Stress and Replication Instability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Replication (statistics); Instability; Stress (linguistics); Cell biology; Materials science; Physics; Biology; Mechanics; Virology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.021670131777103648,"score_gpt":0.2768961234032847,"score_spread":0.25522599162618104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399828019","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9411184,0.03277872,0.007818028,0.0015017444,0.00020494037,0.000036957208,0.000841944,0.00018997482,0.01550925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98994243,0.0036439863,0.0008548958,0.00007421873,0.000075356096,0.000012136482,0.0004317921,0.000024823037,0.0049402188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997472,0.000040170235,0.000012868475,0.000059001726,0.00007779002,0.00006293034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995777,0.00006997896,0.00018411434,0.000031771277,0.000054622047,0.00008182336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021043514,0.00032351603,0.00037286867,0.0005683665,0.00040350787,0.0008909272,0.0001919178,0.00062087335,0.004044482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005201418,0.00015159628,0.00024983517,0.000357883,0.0003313055,0.00058684027,0.0005797628,0.00054007774,0.0011219195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000504799,0.00004970806,0.005181821,0.00035318432,0.00003542636,0.00046387475,0.00011828332,0.0006836762,0.9674346,0.0065520876,0.00085952104,0.01776302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000048265934,0.00054436346,0.09964922,0.00006796469,0.000049907696,0.004224304,0.00034294763,0.004532425,0.8422958,0.022497432,0.025657559,0.00008968354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003054479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019432337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004044482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005162715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022854023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013530135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399828236","doi":"10.32920/26052784","title":"Membrane Stress and Replication Instability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Replication (statistics); Instability; Stress (linguistics); Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Biology; Philosophy; Virology","score_opus":0.021670131777103648,"score_gpt":0.2768961234032847,"score_spread":0.25522599162618104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399828236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9411184,0.03277872,0.007818028,0.0015017444,0.00020494037,0.000036957208,0.000841944,0.00018997482,0.01550925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98994243,0.0036439863,0.0008548958,0.00007421873,0.000075356096,0.000012136482,0.0004317921,0.000024823037,0.0049402188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997472,0.000040170235,0.000012868475,0.000059001726,0.00007779002,0.00006293034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995777,0.00006997896,0.00018411434,0.000031771277,0.000054622047,0.00008182336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021043514,0.00032351603,0.00037286867,0.0005683665,0.00040350787,0.0008909272,0.0001919178,0.00062087335,0.004044482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005201418,0.00015159628,0.00024983517,0.000357883,0.0003313055,0.00058684027,0.0005797628,0.00054007774,0.0011219195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000504799,0.00004970806,0.005181821,0.00035318432,0.00003542636,0.00046387475,0.00011828332,0.0006836762,0.9674346,0.0065520876,0.00085952104,0.01776302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000048265934,0.00054436346,0.09964922,0.00006796469,0.000049907696,0.004224304,0.00034294763,0.004532425,0.8422958,0.022497432,0.025657559,0.00008968354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003054479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019432337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004044482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005162715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022854023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013530135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400258403","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128644","title":"Challenges and potentials of hybrid Membrane-crystallization processes in sustainable zero liquid discharge process and energy cost estimation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Crystallization; Process (computing); Energy (signal processing); Zero (linguistics); Process engineering; Materials science; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.013014097329185539,"score_gpt":0.27207100103703485,"score_spread":0.25905690370784934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400258403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49685436,0.034165986,0.43700024,0.0062760967,0.00016259095,0.00012247286,0.0007750776,0.0003013352,0.02434183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9647275,0.0059171943,0.026428148,0.00007969182,0.00003591389,0.000049276554,0.00023707823,0.000028586282,0.0024965794],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995121,0.00013514473,0.000018808769,0.00007368006,0.00021710261,0.000043132528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993625,0.00034488144,0.000050650917,0.000039459122,0.00018123713,0.0000213493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013024304,0.00043937485,0.00074389105,0.0008345124,0.000331747,0.0023292645,0.0008295686,0.0009347315,0.0016530298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014796426,0.0002567576,0.00054933125,0.0013176812,0.00043688295,0.002590536,0.000796273,0.0008040905,0.0003438747],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005711831,0.00033990212,0.011353107,0.0016114155,0.00021891091,0.00032388713,0.00008878215,0.5243476,0.06124169,0.07672631,0.0026148323,0.32056236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019262909,0.00023450585,0.0028301822,0.000120966215,0.00007921365,0.00014280762,0.00033554176,0.8853811,0.04860269,0.051010128,0.011195258,0.000048364505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025724827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003249614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025724827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014305776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012246654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010379553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400268997","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.113467","title":"Molecular heterostructured interlayer for fabrication of high-performance thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fabrication; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Thin film; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.00448436081855013,"score_gpt":0.19202973747179303,"score_spread":0.1875453766532429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400268997","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97484595,0.0017954259,0.01883699,0.00013964367,0.00016836051,0.00003639562,0.00033747987,0.00040525364,0.0034344725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97567856,0.00083960115,0.02043937,0.00004179494,0.000022504315,0.000027064378,0.00021997213,0.00002290307,0.0027082346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999105,0.0000060915627,0.0000059609365,0.000016567305,0.000042409785,0.000018508477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992764,0.000010423766,0.000016030635,0.000009396956,0.000024415587,0.000012102301],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001122341,0.00024919902,0.00016950059,0.00024238531,0.00015891781,0.0003039968,0.00040942637,0.000401214,0.0005324906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010873182,0.00019686828,0.00018746627,0.00014205885,0.000099859055,0.0002504168,0.00021227988,0.00049063703,0.0003212313],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010287404,0.000009354103,0.00003626765,0.000025394807,0.000003926465,0.000016609894,0.0000047356793,0.00011378862,0.99887556,0.00010590104,0.000037343976,0.0007608524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003941625,0.000048678863,0.00046033078,0.0000025713769,0.000006870895,0.000035279183,0.000007363047,0.002359248,0.9962077,0.000017020247,0.0008471697,0.0000038058702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000534884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002404884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000534884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028910188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023985236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002097547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400272809","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c06082","title":"An Innovative Surface Modification Technique for Antifouling Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Materials science; Biofouling; Surface modification; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023380575063482154,"score_gpt":0.29757400016640534,"score_spread":0.27419342510292316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400272809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.725506,0.013009094,0.25635615,0.00046409486,0.0003833187,0.00029626986,0.00019617971,0.00061430386,0.0031745676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8535776,0.006167117,0.13553634,0.0003654445,0.000117940705,0.00016748214,0.00021704163,0.00007776107,0.003773327],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974865,0.000028770024,0.00001677005,0.00005205824,0.00011743517,0.000036374822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988866,0.000019879268,0.00003668851,0.000010614476,0.00003408304,0.000010005137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002457127,0.00059449294,0.00027683986,0.0002890713,0.00017885189,0.00025850034,0.00035584328,0.00068988337,0.00043970734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018961614,0.00019295838,0.000507979,0.0001714999,0.00023975952,0.00043027152,0.00026004185,0.0006186512,0.00026836485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046365653,0.000005350806,0.000026397387,0.00005343216,0.000003473614,0.000025629599,0.0000072112157,0.000028711784,0.9977266,0.000030208756,0.00001567453,0.0020727513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035311136,0.000088198154,0.0005205436,0.0000034456493,0.000011820098,0.00024829945,0.00000636293,0.00067825674,0.99618465,0.000018447077,0.0022288165,0.00000754161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030718144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039895723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00068988337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018393289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012641525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001470983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400683916","doi":"10.1007/s42768-024-00205-2","title":"Nature’s architects: a comprehensive review of extracellular polymeric substances and their diverse applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011308587195098321,"score_gpt":0.27408790298726365,"score_spread":0.26277931579216535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400683916","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006904826,0.99826103,0.00012793973,0.00041776337,0.00027716538,0.0000037250466,0.000027851447,0.0000057899533,0.00080978015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00032943918,0.99824214,0.00023821757,0.00038732553,0.00015344354,0.0000047141175,0.000034062276,0.0000016430953,0.00060894695],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970645,0.000047870966,0.000039020237,0.000034999204,0.00014415552,0.0000275281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995216,0.00023353544,0.00006156986,0.000012429183,0.00013548347,0.000035351506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083428895,0.0008490373,0.0009887296,0.002300908,0.00029031443,0.0015591215,0.00060346315,0.0011658059,0.003304688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001034862,0.0003445806,0.0004740156,0.0032347897,0.00046571266,0.002127786,0.00095581746,0.0015787572,0.0016172834],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000436298,0.00004774462,0.00012314046,0.019001542,0.000061834944,0.00008989126,0.00006381501,0.00020173195,0.0024586343,0.004189927,0.05188598,0.921832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005170102,0.000035228484,0.00027038928,0.00291729,0.000045346875,0.00018578906,0.000032432465,0.000030022633,0.00032449994,0.0009827637,0.9951585,0.000012673345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001611721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004711182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003304688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062312075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021432645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011055291},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400697411","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128834","title":"Antibiotic oxidation and fouling control of ceramic microfiltration membrane through effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and Cu-Fe bimetallic oxides","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bimetallic strip; Carbon nanotube; Microfiltration; Materials science; Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Carbon fibers; Ceramic; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Metal; Composite material","score_opus":0.007736987800118896,"score_gpt":0.2591484248825928,"score_spread":0.25141143708247393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400697411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99729484,0.00040932733,0.001838984,0.00003269615,0.000019382362,0.000006539729,0.000019385354,0.000030045878,0.00034881712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99821067,0.000193579,0.001075054,0.000011144102,0.0000042482548,0.0000042797,0.000018783026,0.0000024107226,0.0004797546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998803,0.0000102683025,0.00000927754,0.000025801071,0.000044891396,0.000029425732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999455,0.00000929734,0.000016650218,0.000003974829,0.000017109674,0.0000073750994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012403338,0.00023178695,0.00018695182,0.00016356386,0.00018036821,0.0001792162,0.00022989194,0.0003119064,0.0001943925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012104201,0.00011550513,0.00027206744,0.00009564229,0.00015746149,0.00019519469,0.00013796489,0.00020358764,0.00004680093],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053192056,0.00001407021,0.00011098394,0.000025898064,0.0000032453675,0.00002033945,0.000009759897,0.000094500094,0.9983924,0.00004169657,0.000019258272,0.0012147425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029510397,0.00006340963,0.0006867285,8.9041936e-7,0.000006385015,0.000026665317,0.0000065457384,0.0012733383,0.9977155,0.0000075874486,0.00020718951,0.0000027354674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012025841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021762475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012025841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002599603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019020791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023911595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400842874","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.07.060","title":"Functionalised carbon nanotube thin film nanocomposite membranes: A comparison study on the role of backbone monomers and hydraulic pressure on membrane's performance and fouling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Fouling; Monomer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010662832961658176,"score_gpt":0.21092220024577807,"score_spread":0.2002593672841199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400842874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985399,0.00037762886,0.0007458666,0.000012683608,0.0000073828614,0.000004377857,0.00002910559,0.000009256811,0.00027377045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970293,0.00034259266,0.0013164796,0.000009745931,0.000005919769,0.00000785893,0.00006925715,0.0000070903156,0.0012116734],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998814,0.000019050338,0.000008044541,0.00002887115,0.000041255287,0.00002141511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998641,0.00004192799,0.00002142659,0.000008988774,0.000048903123,0.0000146817],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018417349,0.00023806523,0.0002122558,0.0001457451,0.00016829725,0.00021998254,0.00016316836,0.000453853,0.0007549371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031569623,0.00011080057,0.00023992876,0.00014644553,0.00011291199,0.0003362218,0.00009688019,0.00024429802,0.0001251123],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008252545,0.00001870598,0.000044004544,0.000023150827,0.0000032661835,0.000013085858,0.000008215625,0.00008317603,0.99904877,0.000014472062,0.0000051357624,0.00065552926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002722592,0.00018252333,0.0006380501,0.0000014974449,0.000009584438,0.000025216446,0.000009433011,0.00066078687,0.9982502,0.0000061119144,0.00021064299,0.0000031849422],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000698468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010656518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007549371,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018870585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013515764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025254488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401198852","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123148","title":"Study of the dual role mechanism triggered by in-situ cross-linking in hollow fiber membrane matrix","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of China; National Aerospace Science Foundation of China; Algoma University","keywords":"In situ; Mechanism (biology); Membrane; Dual (grammatical number); Fiber; Matrix (chemical analysis); Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Biophysics; Composite material; Physics; Biology; Philosophy; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012743644423655795,"score_gpt":0.29104488992579614,"score_spread":0.27830124550214036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401198852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99232906,0.0008609847,0.0042015384,0.00009917754,0.000058794776,0.000014640844,0.000042183587,0.000041312847,0.0023522833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997531,0.00026521255,0.0009990579,0.000026501246,0.0000075748403,0.000007279354,0.000019494482,0.0000074060054,0.0011365263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990463,0.000010050014,0.0000025886989,0.000025880412,0.000026962722,0.000029904273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998989,0.00002666212,0.00003522459,0.000009615001,0.000016060809,0.000013403436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014167994,0.0002430905,0.00012333093,0.00009600395,0.00016839807,0.00019963887,0.00033266103,0.00031612813,0.0013802607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018594718,0.00011808776,0.00022167938,0.000074469615,0.00020922972,0.0004935786,0.00019517793,0.00043455802,0.00015180343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044484936,0.000011410053,0.00005903438,0.00004866862,0.000004350119,0.000054732223,0.00002331812,0.00006793585,0.9986696,0.0003979451,0.000031729218,0.0005867186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044820754,0.000048587346,0.0005409667,0.0000021699834,0.0000059158433,0.000048945636,0.000020906387,0.0014336434,0.9972664,0.00006831459,0.00055572134,0.000003871182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025753258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002707245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013802607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018971687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011414612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046174526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401280150","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25427","title":"Scaling in reverse osmosis seawater desalination: Mechanism and prevention—A literature review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Fouling; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Seawater; Membrane technology; Membrane; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.0072365480854299355,"score_gpt":0.21044831272536102,"score_spread":0.2032117646399311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401280150","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005173127,0.99852645,0.0001385024,0.00022339524,0.00007870389,0.000009152183,0.000026324164,0.0000037147013,0.0004763577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022440744,0.9972178,0.00017477295,0.00012427557,0.0000729582,0.000008130546,0.000024797297,9.752334e-7,0.00013226517],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997234,0.000044282137,0.00007048831,0.000060370854,0.000077473735,0.00002406203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975358,0.0013380052,0.00054025894,0.00003679814,0.00047632444,0.00007281372],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001008053,0.00084552454,0.0013265117,0.0047327024,0.0004110568,0.0016271578,0.00089536,0.0011841948,0.0033206316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018028308,0.00043314192,0.0011440237,0.006774543,0.00060723093,0.0022373258,0.00066340866,0.00081191346,0.0005916897],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001578616,0.00018099578,0.0009539504,0.18324685,0.00038092988,0.00037673846,0.00028817373,0.00089325156,0.0018113349,0.003942525,0.013092467,0.794675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050978942,0.0006315387,0.00769347,0.13286158,0.0034058127,0.002524097,0.0011729032,0.0009960245,0.0034582748,0.0042222766,0.84286076,0.00012229667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022399398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030231175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047327024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006139246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025217684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011108637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401328406","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.106021","title":"Polyamidoamine dendrimer-modified polyvinylidene fluoride microporous membranes for protein separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reactive and Functional Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Cross-flow filtration; Polyacrylic acid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.017776816412565514,"score_gpt":0.2624516608692324,"score_spread":0.24467484445666687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401328406","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.771166,0.03093753,0.18864249,0.00073623384,0.0003940434,0.0004546864,0.0008035146,0.00096555596,0.00589999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8783726,0.012172981,0.103168234,0.00021740611,0.00006866556,0.00028440493,0.00073683594,0.000053822667,0.004925048],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980396,0.000024460433,0.000016024604,0.000043800494,0.00007678053,0.00003501457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998914,0.000030066216,0.000030257124,0.000009300898,0.000024330142,0.000014668105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032342755,0.0004153534,0.00033877042,0.00032326847,0.00025267145,0.0002163055,0.00027000534,0.00064856856,0.0005678031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024445064,0.00017505285,0.000340103,0.00028127307,0.00017837179,0.00045638703,0.00016540624,0.0005228387,0.00044931736],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017931223,0.000013380875,0.000035066907,0.00009224021,0.000004414843,0.000032809156,0.000007146165,0.00008133737,0.9965874,0.00011569933,0.00005656768,0.0029560574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009003075,0.00011066778,0.0006720315,0.0000072862003,0.000010314855,0.00018488173,0.000007410575,0.0010924716,0.9936806,0.00007999567,0.0041372706,0.000008103708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004990836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008412284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00064856856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050255895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027272553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036463141},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401330386","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.4c00958","title":"Sustainable Osmotic-Driven Clean Water Recovery through Thermoresponsive Polymer Hydrogels with a Selective Polyamide Coating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Self-healing hydrogels; Coating; Polyamide; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.007707329312345554,"score_gpt":0.22247529705993588,"score_spread":0.21476796774759033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401330386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684922,0.0013439808,0.027631031,0.00011215991,0.00004487382,0.00005161164,0.00020050386,0.00030552314,0.0018180965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97818667,0.00079911866,0.01893616,0.000069852984,0.000019886184,0.00005217034,0.00012415668,0.00003629715,0.0017755678],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999138,0.000009132556,0.0000064048163,0.000022154569,0.00002798336,0.000020412568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999293,0.000013006377,0.000031089294,0.000006143414,0.0000102389695,0.000010173212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010375622,0.0004005284,0.00015132825,0.00013849634,0.00007575747,0.00019446443,0.0002330354,0.0002512287,0.00049109093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012413821,0.00018157401,0.00019579507,0.00009160303,0.00013479673,0.00038012234,0.00021048551,0.0003789629,0.00026377747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006038632,0.0000034422087,0.000010684257,0.0000115459825,9.941613e-7,0.000008478932,0.0000024164192,0.00003653453,0.9993747,0.000018966286,0.0000072857733,0.00051900616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017633104,0.00002782583,0.00011205632,0.0000010532682,0.0000019257734,0.000024686082,0.0000019722281,0.0005547458,0.9988888,0.000006951192,0.000375729,0.0000025465486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001791856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048040022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00049109093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014888504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013507182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016428232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401391431","doi":"10.3390/membranes14080172","title":"Graphene Oxide Surface Modification of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane via Langmuir–Blodgett Technique: Balancing Performance and Antifouling Properties","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Materials science; Surface modification; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Graphene; Oxide; Surface roughness; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.018449216965813493,"score_gpt":0.22918321523343238,"score_spread":0.21073399826761888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401391431","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826748,0.0026877513,0.0131980525,0.00017737215,0.000042252377,0.000035195808,0.000052804946,0.00008888272,0.0010428886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791199,0.0018710544,0.017439596,0.00006591062,0.000012938186,0.000024033705,0.00007045882,0.000014629963,0.0013814796],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997774,0.00003983398,0.000014857413,0.000040221203,0.000086901244,0.00004078196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998989,0.000022451628,0.00003018035,0.000010042426,0.000028540899,0.000009898374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027606604,0.0004110176,0.00023494332,0.00029515036,0.00020178976,0.0002425164,0.00029359278,0.0005903657,0.00021185102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002727588,0.00014869435,0.000304011,0.0001983566,0.000197705,0.0004182698,0.00017826722,0.00035348663,0.00013078414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009732916,0.000005339722,0.000045029363,0.000022543782,0.0000030258611,0.000018879538,0.000007127262,0.000036649828,0.99877065,0.000030459849,0.000009435606,0.0010411958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018349186,0.000078377496,0.0007894341,0.0000021788471,0.000008173698,0.00007100562,0.000008386897,0.0005508829,0.9978423,0.000014974406,0.00062737707,0.0000050526496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006592997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013883817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006592997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023702024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014301365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017197132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401478229","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4922198","title":"Interfacial Demulsification and Antifouling of Oil/Water Separation Membrane by Dynamically Self-Releasing Hydroxide Ions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Hydroxide; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Ion; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemistry; Computer science; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00585200522961026,"score_gpt":0.24871460143158786,"score_spread":0.2428625962019776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401478229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974693,0.00038826047,0.0013919565,0.00004320444,0.000022031953,0.0000040795258,0.00002383306,0.000026215617,0.0006311598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978405,0.00018706651,0.00060858205,0.000018238416,0.000009415374,0.0000031320815,0.000028036158,0.000009091753,0.0012959196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999298,0.000008071581,0.0000047163176,0.000015805801,0.000016826534,0.00002474428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995506,0.000011791863,0.000011086941,0.0000042981133,0.000009739626,0.0000080112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014202973,0.0002313562,0.00018400287,0.00012338728,0.00013350553,0.0002762414,0.00019187061,0.00027790427,0.0008004214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015519709,0.00012921925,0.00024263503,0.00006529331,0.00016031864,0.00030727312,0.00021974754,0.00027269043,0.00022145185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015412115,0.00001200595,0.00007350946,0.000030131188,0.000004367584,0.0000334259,0.000019403426,0.00019056577,0.99778855,0.00014944219,0.000034208035,0.0015102082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000069741136,0.000044663004,0.00018350816,6.5839527e-7,0.0000041450894,0.000017250582,0.000005842481,0.0013291284,0.99815077,0.000026885926,0.00022834148,0.0000017715746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040774062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027956866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008004214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019185945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011524801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002677679},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401479173","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108697","title":"Long-term performance of epoxy-based coatings: Hydrothermal exposure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Organic Coatings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pembina Manitou Area Foundation; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Epoxy; Hydrothermal circulation; Term (time); Composite material; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.010201807915995398,"score_gpt":0.2499132074897487,"score_spread":0.23971139957375331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401479173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997957,0.0006254224,0.0007381853,0.000020819654,0.000016668055,0.000012675007,0.00019227482,0.000019860248,0.0004170994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998041,0.0003217275,0.0006604474,0.000016461148,0.0000058620976,0.000015711143,0.0001307244,0.00001381571,0.00079427793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984777,0.000011268459,0.0000112926,0.000046605113,0.000049609367,0.000033470835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981457,0.000035803958,0.000042581676,0.000021974696,0.00006738013,0.000017780469],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017407165,0.00031680518,0.00030995792,0.00010831169,0.00016179816,0.0002795724,0.00018234226,0.00030424382,0.00086493866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033868145,0.00012670695,0.00023041091,0.00013559045,0.00017496859,0.00024210445,0.00021216736,0.0004528981,0.0002116814],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047796668,0.000013315991,0.000446176,0.000045348286,0.0000073780807,0.00004300513,0.000047163885,0.00013140659,0.99796176,0.000008621368,0.000019555422,0.0012285004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029366242,0.0005622578,0.008779344,0.0000076528395,0.000023819155,0.0000502738,0.000099973855,0.00066572626,0.9891795,0.000014467466,0.000604974,0.000009076158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013176956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022556495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013176956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019289913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010340686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002893567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401604787","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118020","title":"Enhanced performance of aerobic granular sludge-membrane system through the utilization of different iron-based nano-metal oxides for mitigating membrane fouling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Nano-; Chemical engineering; Metal; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.02208478869360197,"score_gpt":0.26185875263260666,"score_spread":0.2397739639390047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401604787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99904865,0.00020126344,0.00043231455,0.000023890563,0.000015497451,0.0000047511626,0.00004426698,0.000019998546,0.00020942521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99859065,0.00017759661,0.00061474775,0.000013256206,0.0000028805364,0.000004639775,0.000056290566,0.0000029956698,0.00053698313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998821,0.000012077941,0.000011397984,0.00002449213,0.000034802804,0.000035014436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995255,0.0000063452394,0.000010597596,0.0000029350263,0.000014738892,0.000012829991],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013596281,0.00034408507,0.00039489302,0.00017530372,0.00022678697,0.00034646643,0.00025204732,0.0003669091,0.00041705646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012244015,0.0001295237,0.00034073245,0.00013853794,0.0001257853,0.00021361548,0.00022625396,0.00029932597,0.00011543884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015397285,0.000038186485,0.0001514395,0.00005251708,0.000007132184,0.000028840204,0.000012586466,0.0001663639,0.9982963,0.000026098423,0.000020105866,0.0010464888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012406511,0.00026763568,0.0012674558,0.000002890111,0.000018504574,0.000025990199,0.000020138945,0.0013221028,0.9967188,0.00001542848,0.0003232434,0.0000053781373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016151867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026102047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016151867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023425683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028229365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032115579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401626777","doi":"10.20944/preprints202408.0839.v1","title":"A Novel Modeling Optimization Approach for a Seven-channel Titania Ceramic Membrane in an Oily Wastewater Filtration System Based on Experimentation, Full Factorial Design, and Machine Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Factorial experiment; Permeation; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Linear regression; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.11720841430694712,"score_gpt":0.3072777929363651,"score_spread":0.19006937862941797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401626777","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13148466,0.00033469,0.8651946,0.000117630865,0.00002198488,0.00023865011,0.00011097117,0.00039436555,0.0021024216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.75758696,0.00032525967,0.2385596,0.000047338406,0.000013340345,0.001030408,0.00016913182,0.000047138292,0.0022208649],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967396,0.0001244075,0.000022648921,0.0000756764,0.00007126483,0.00003203641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975544,0.00014786673,0.00003404274,0.00001001694,0.000045680856,0.0000068962713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011334767,0.0010956008,0.0011255167,0.00040228383,0.00043407525,0.00080473325,0.00070153066,0.0010090023,0.00078640564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080518273,0.00056462956,0.0012397623,0.00036017105,0.0003352098,0.0005573483,0.0004439578,0.0006577251,0.00012052063],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046514033,0.000059050155,0.00038154252,0.00011368286,0.00003455133,0.000041773557,0.00003321603,0.98292243,0.006980673,0.00046683414,0.000056533685,0.008863067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004979906,0.000054385157,0.00013485693,0.000002312812,0.000009163564,0.0000049086975,0.0000048136535,0.9983827,0.0011445775,0.00010228639,0.00015015063,0.0000048356474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008109088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008326099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008109088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007699974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014860654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016123772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401704466","doi":"10.3390/su16167060","title":"Continuous UV/H2O2 Process: A Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Approach for Enhancing the Biodegradability of Aqueous PVA","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Biodegradation; Response surface methodology; Wastewater; Box–Behnken design; Polyvinyl alcohol; Aqueous solution; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00955982723557047,"score_gpt":0.26325975547369007,"score_spread":0.2536999282381196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401704466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96504605,0.0021434105,0.031613924,0.00009170112,0.00004237983,0.00005879179,0.00008762633,0.000096060714,0.00082002813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9747002,0.0010067098,0.022682099,0.000052791598,0.000016727281,0.000044996465,0.00007428802,0.000017889894,0.0014043091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997476,0.000044271295,0.000017425222,0.00007626922,0.00008120288,0.00003331492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998853,0.000032312706,0.000034931236,0.000013331229,0.000023447383,0.000010651403],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040784557,0.0005060425,0.00034853828,0.00018500442,0.00013227978,0.00047823187,0.0004054064,0.0005399504,0.0005163301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021474395,0.00016285625,0.00061863026,0.00015815486,0.00027127072,0.00036149044,0.00027716046,0.00049396505,0.00019921522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046976733,0.000029089262,0.00009423178,0.00007280507,0.0000058542405,0.000019986943,0.00000822506,0.00014745878,0.996979,0.000028456901,0.0000091760485,0.00255884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006214066,0.00031884667,0.00087166496,0.0000027364,0.0000113033075,0.000057917903,0.000008028326,0.0013284283,0.9969169,0.000016212796,0.00045604145,0.000005734107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004642668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006490561,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005399504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025766055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025502514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021569133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402477419","doi":"10.11159/icepr24.126","title":"Advancing Produced Water Treatment: Hollow-Fiber Membrane Efficiency in Oil-Water Separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Fiber; Produced water; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Computer science; Geology","score_opus":0.010433434657400337,"score_gpt":0.25524396295621665,"score_spread":0.2448105282988163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402477419","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82368994,0.05141731,0.09375205,0.003263711,0.0006215521,0.00010505495,0.00033551233,0.00047074215,0.026344176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94166815,0.015931267,0.027421227,0.00025186143,0.00020052222,0.000022243135,0.00016354928,0.000095318246,0.014245841],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996043,0.00007780449,0.000016782475,0.000053455067,0.00021406573,0.00003368669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998491,0.000052575397,0.000015527376,0.000009242016,0.000062338026,0.0000112099515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009819326,0.00036134868,0.00047670468,0.00037748314,0.0003321103,0.0011862738,0.00048180216,0.001020721,0.002097125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062864076,0.00016148898,0.0004310733,0.00043699105,0.0003660397,0.0014028142,0.0004962206,0.00064759515,0.0007511943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024214298,0.000073270814,0.00037137384,0.00022923536,0.000013579291,0.00004221544,0.000036894424,0.0011522182,0.93775433,0.0036011597,0.00076130294,0.05572238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009550349,0.00016077393,0.0007418986,0.0000111850995,0.00001721496,0.000043013082,0.000015352944,0.0041447775,0.9869241,0.0005387723,0.0073856167,0.000007896396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020128838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023897917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002097125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012364314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005910655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0089710355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402518461","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-c9w7l","title":"Fabrication of superhydrophilic membranes for oil-water separation: A life cycle assessment study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Royal Academy of Engineering","keywords":"Superhydrophilicity; Fabrication; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Wetting","score_opus":0.027603001243024245,"score_gpt":0.3165674074625884,"score_spread":0.28896440621956415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402518461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98988664,0.0021247105,0.0062917233,0.00011424075,0.000010540236,0.00010086885,0.00046182072,0.00003367488,0.00097578584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98213583,0.0028445055,0.01288689,0.000053471987,0.000008648824,0.00011441317,0.00057740987,0.00001600402,0.0013628297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991304,0.00016387337,0.000047852733,0.00010375765,0.0004373062,0.00011676493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950457,0.00012828359,0.00011181712,0.000044397428,0.000170773,0.000040196654],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011728258,0.0005161695,0.0004898688,0.00059886684,0.00040773343,0.00063028367,0.00039586794,0.00088102336,0.00063220976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00086311257,0.00018017637,0.00096251187,0.00060381356,0.00023401708,0.0007062249,0.00045640726,0.0005486311,0.00021891398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021124112,0.00023747805,0.0021813137,0.00024138048,0.00004775654,0.00014858587,0.000056813038,0.0057652243,0.9753855,0.00022149937,0.0001081539,0.015394892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011357315,0.0011966934,0.0046058143,0.000017814513,0.00004794229,0.000109301895,0.000059010195,0.007829873,0.9840424,0.00011859382,0.0019434424,0.000017751696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021105653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027459215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021105653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013711433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060371455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009948373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402686982","doi":"10.3390/membranes14090199","title":"A Novel Modeling Optimization Approach for a Seven-Channel Titania Ceramic Membrane in an Oily Wastewater Filtration System Based on Experimentation, Full Factorial Design, and Machine Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Factorial experiment; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Linear regression; Membrane technology; Materials science; Chromatography; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0388816983482741,"score_gpt":0.2523622771484145,"score_spread":0.21348057880014043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402686982","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13350525,0.00037028352,0.8630803,0.00012122264,0.00002432837,0.0002463122,0.000112773065,0.0003923503,0.0021471486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7575807,0.00035772382,0.23855457,0.00004992544,0.0000146115435,0.0010523277,0.00017949785,0.0000483714,0.0021622302],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996592,0.0001261775,0.000024171222,0.000081089835,0.00007549141,0.000033986973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975127,0.00014656983,0.000036288748,0.000010645334,0.0000479673,0.000007385223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011810564,0.0011657637,0.0012132042,0.00042721507,0.0004512287,0.00084052805,0.00073782995,0.0010634334,0.0007913898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008160434,0.0005858674,0.0013465951,0.0003893011,0.0003440941,0.00057748676,0.00045997844,0.00070892955,0.00012575868],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051040668,0.00006598643,0.00040835922,0.00013089695,0.0000401758,0.000047833313,0.000036567435,0.9811064,0.008210444,0.00050786074,0.00006272185,0.009331728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050602252,0.000055892622,0.00013946604,0.000002456097,0.0000098912205,0.0000051153006,0.0000049502373,0.9982753,0.0012342498,0.00010490506,0.00015754574,0.00000513852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007941548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008026602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007941548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007764594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015406132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015790641},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402710299","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123341","title":"Interfacial demulsification and antifouling of oil/water separation membrane by dynamically self-releasing hydroxide ions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Hydroxide; Chemical engineering; Ion; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007271953716279067,"score_gpt":0.2655242135021983,"score_spread":0.2582522597859192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402710299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982054,0.0002362523,0.0010279424,0.000030918178,0.000015626785,0.0000041780836,0.000019960049,0.000023737439,0.00043595445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822575,0.00013403455,0.0006677052,0.000020771728,0.0000068402255,0.00000421716,0.000023588145,0.000007912817,0.00090924976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999163,0.000009812658,0.0000067757633,0.000017418777,0.000019347302,0.00003037729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993396,0.000013927095,0.000019180883,0.000005835118,0.000015822201,0.000011269023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015372457,0.00024137221,0.00016573729,0.000118669326,0.00013412502,0.00025514455,0.00022899806,0.0002841745,0.00056298834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017405256,0.00015228301,0.00023605228,0.00006187429,0.00016768104,0.00033756948,0.00019702602,0.00028349712,0.00017511797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012501494,0.000011009864,0.000055189772,0.000019327408,0.0000036190313,0.000024580444,0.000014386928,0.00009654087,0.99856335,0.00007724838,0.000021110198,0.0009887285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006803234,0.00004949706,0.00015859737,6.829545e-7,0.0000041025605,0.0000139286385,0.0000056470653,0.00072645594,0.99882096,0.000010104253,0.00020118321,0.000002046324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037178732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038601778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056298834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021097537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014585297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018833876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403364266","doi":"10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100838","title":"Mechanism of nanofiltration fouling in high hardness and dissolved organic carbon surface water based on chemical characterization of foulant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Dissolved organic carbon; Characterization (materials science); Chemical engineering; Carbon fibers; Total organic carbon; Surface water; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.00998779499391027,"score_gpt":0.214589548751569,"score_spread":0.2046017537576587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403364266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99298745,0.00076915417,0.004823857,0.00008381735,0.000016575375,0.000094071,0.00019742278,0.00004446618,0.000983205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99508744,0.0003108383,0.0029743977,0.00004167284,0.0000049358505,0.000038016937,0.00011474528,0.000010528469,0.0014172638],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998877,0.000012198002,0.00000703177,0.000027065314,0.000036729754,0.000029295968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999033,0.00002268869,0.000027940187,0.000005039001,0.00002367319,0.00001727377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001667914,0.0003841672,0.00020922894,0.00021818525,0.00018640023,0.00023996446,0.00022117015,0.0004093912,0.00065676955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016844913,0.00014545216,0.00032248016,0.000110349705,0.00022868693,0.00030119155,0.00017605201,0.00028269013,0.00017384508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028137008,0.000008416032,0.0003572133,0.00004556503,0.0000035697117,0.00003967194,0.000016510507,0.00006481107,0.9985851,0.00004879531,0.0000098658065,0.0007924168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008080447,0.00013557772,0.009270687,0.0000065964646,0.000007911667,0.00009427797,0.00003414242,0.0018132853,0.9880193,0.00007018918,0.0005324225,0.0000075725984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002368196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015540288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002368196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040476694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017602196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047088265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403398827","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2024.255","title":"Rapid polyamide membrane compatibility testing of potential anti-biofouling agents for reverse osmosis membrane systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; University of Victoria","keywords":"Biofouling; Reverse osmosis; Compatibility (geochemistry); Membrane; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03470786705445648,"score_gpt":0.28685057754696314,"score_spread":0.25214271049250664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403398827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890326,0.0011721111,0.008397405,0.00005761981,0.00003635159,0.00014593553,0.000189053,0.00007453785,0.00089440687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98520386,0.0012137892,0.011384463,0.00006090503,0.000011078986,0.0001313068,0.00020880246,0.000021717808,0.0017640901],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993093,0.00014897702,0.00006486227,0.00011854036,0.0002961516,0.00006228222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950147,0.0000885504,0.0001632272,0.000027800977,0.00019016974,0.000028768838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006672274,0.0006078244,0.00031468508,0.00036967368,0.00015838652,0.00030839717,0.00025956106,0.00057700096,0.0008725887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007897741,0.00016924477,0.00042132038,0.00020392939,0.00017157792,0.0005156081,0.00033812172,0.00038166431,0.0002799717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048133505,0.00003309701,0.0002395284,0.000053358413,0.000004988136,0.00001940564,0.000013586691,0.000075544456,0.99806803,0.000012990749,0.000011904554,0.001419487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033439387,0.0007355705,0.001214048,0.000006634165,0.000010480774,0.0000381752,0.000022372911,0.00040373512,0.99709284,0.000006473955,0.00046083226,0.000005472218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033153803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050440134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008725887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020011055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020527467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035287142},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403451606","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107972","title":"Sustainable electroless nutrient recovery from natural agro-industrial and livestock farm wastewater effluents with a flow cell reactor","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Effluent; Livestock; Environmental science; Nutrient; Industrial wastewater treatment; Waste management; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.009507688138123744,"score_gpt":0.20104581104123598,"score_spread":0.19153812290311223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403451606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98563576,0.0004140541,0.0123955775,0.00009700494,0.00004361394,0.000042425305,0.00010064778,0.00009736677,0.0011735102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98426867,0.0004492409,0.010821478,0.00006770232,0.000011884647,0.000046258832,0.00011257369,0.000013142103,0.004209066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981827,0.000027570564,0.000013095587,0.000046175664,0.00006904764,0.000025842686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999596,0.000010066874,0.0000073869446,0.0000045390534,0.000010454084,0.000007881223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003134117,0.00028883078,0.00031637534,0.00025800493,0.00027749603,0.00058769813,0.00051719655,0.00051807304,0.0005507662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012219649,0.00014308267,0.00036902793,0.00013908486,0.00026363716,0.00047536398,0.00041662832,0.0005117645,0.00023699584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000095250136,0.000088942055,0.00021601019,0.000038139882,0.0000054102784,0.000027947384,0.000016064605,0.0004407566,0.99440116,0.00017470165,0.000059287177,0.004436265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029999723,0.0002274609,0.001300697,0.000005329529,0.00001315699,0.000055539254,0.00002218897,0.0047997157,0.9920122,0.0000842827,0.0014410748,0.000008358115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017934514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003538108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017934514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043774713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006404479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035660267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403526587","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130083","title":"Removal of emerging contaminants from water using novel electroconductive membranes in a hybrid membrane distillation and electro-Fenton process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Process (computing); Distillation; Process engineering; Chemistry; Contamination; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Engineering; Computer science; Desalination; Ecology","score_opus":0.015284677841241844,"score_gpt":0.2881148252167605,"score_spread":0.2728301473755187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403526587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9491602,0.0029428238,0.044619963,0.00041235177,0.0001382274,0.00016598112,0.00019507323,0.0005034621,0.0018618322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96364534,0.0014372895,0.031676132,0.00017645636,0.000027304006,0.00010582481,0.00013234752,0.00003819978,0.0027610594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997762,0.000021737806,0.000019346398,0.00004871566,0.00008588283,0.000048133603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999126,0.000012555587,0.000025085312,0.000008913065,0.000025052295,0.000015872141],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025011163,0.0007525338,0.0004900736,0.0003593435,0.00022374038,0.0005188509,0.0004935772,0.0010628595,0.00044633687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018497124,0.0003572183,0.0005751988,0.00022189382,0.00026033036,0.0007473215,0.0006342161,0.0006282647,0.00040908495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013079523,0.00001971731,0.000029144827,0.000051989176,0.0000045937095,0.00005851916,0.000010083312,0.00007595907,0.99827385,0.00006424351,0.000026670932,0.0013720904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007046783,0.00008346556,0.00022789626,0.0000032959645,0.000009764958,0.00012091042,0.000008037279,0.0010723727,0.9973015,0.000023301282,0.0011335607,0.000008959821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000303763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056800176,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010628595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034055076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018663515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024709105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403562722","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106355","title":"Experimental investigation and mathematical modelling of a spiral wound membrane module for osmotically assisted reverse osmosis applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Osmosis; Spiral (railway); Chemistry; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Chromatography; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027695268259856232,"score_gpt":0.25063724011439437,"score_spread":0.22294197185453812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403562722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9453835,0.00023537669,0.05057747,0.00015941716,0.000036607667,0.00008958506,0.00039314522,0.00029192094,0.0028330574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926198,0.00009848283,0.006237632,0.0000055578807,0.0000020594366,0.000030549374,0.00006304121,0.00000861255,0.00093429134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999063,0.000012817265,0.000005371166,0.000019694951,0.00004174132,0.000014130827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985313,0.000052926753,0.000022201595,0.000021836619,0.00004026424,0.000009631218],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023461875,0.00027888475,0.00031376898,0.0001652861,0.0002647119,0.00041669724,0.0006440412,0.00064787816,0.0012264736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003457125,0.00018981802,0.0003892076,0.00019055989,0.0002112483,0.00041858334,0.00022105106,0.00029098,0.0002888674],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045289277,0.00023259646,0.002156739,0.00043521594,0.00002179066,0.0002539602,0.000116189534,0.23698497,0.74206454,0.0018591752,0.00038965506,0.015032242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026235593,0.0006754975,0.00234772,0.000011796191,0.000024524232,0.000082291386,0.000058245914,0.6498924,0.34444264,0.0004149728,0.0019998227,0.000023846535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00095642376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081729866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012264736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038839568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040569078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004103005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403931021","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2024.10.067","title":"Boosting water flux and dye removal: Advanced composite membranes incorporating functionalized AC-PAA for wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Wastewater; Boosting (machine learning); Composite number; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Computer science; Composite material; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Artificial intelligence; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.019300796443873825,"score_gpt":0.22652177156520278,"score_spread":0.20722097512132895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403931021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826349,0.0025205312,0.0135623375,0.00016323675,0.000050490904,0.000043343287,0.00009584999,0.00015401242,0.00077519706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842212,0.001261877,0.012367759,0.00006423692,0.000018275598,0.000035723442,0.00008939787,0.00002001856,0.0019215086],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998622,0.00001909956,0.000009451064,0.000032427783,0.000045012417,0.00003180858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991584,0.000016383841,0.000017124788,0.0000047669287,0.000029397717,0.00001636259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021949416,0.0006196151,0.00042991832,0.00030832159,0.00020076762,0.0003483222,0.00025291584,0.00086551823,0.0005196847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016420722,0.00022145925,0.00052624376,0.00021735617,0.00020158457,0.00065039954,0.0002607621,0.00052790646,0.00027740662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001852452,0.00001382662,0.00001888268,0.000034303193,0.000002404118,0.000010475091,0.000003180435,0.00006580779,0.9990206,0.000017578917,0.000008364176,0.0007861528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046709147,0.00010666079,0.0003259232,0.0000019635065,0.0000075008925,0.00003071781,0.0000045699244,0.0012185414,0.9978594,0.000018679899,0.0004172979,0.000004124466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064803654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000978112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00086551823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003611773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025863986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026205182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403999418","doi":"10.1007/s13762-024-06087-5","title":"Implementation of statistical response surface methodology with desirability function for ion-exchange-based selective demineralization of municipal wastewater and tap water for drinking purposes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Demineralization; Wastewater; Tap water; Response surface methodology; Environmental science; Function (biology); Ion exchange; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Ion; Materials science; Biology; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.027039963557951272,"score_gpt":0.3235884757291255,"score_spread":0.29654851217117423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403999418","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.106258504,0.00012286767,0.888827,0.00010115449,0.000047713784,0.00020137664,0.00021455533,0.0032957273,0.0009311135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47224846,0.00012121965,0.5254504,0.00007146921,0.000012333607,0.00046030682,0.0004224984,0.0002148476,0.0009984864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857163,0.0005844979,0.000095375995,0.00020910913,0.0004568688,0.000082467945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883395,0.00048433084,0.000085909305,0.00013770975,0.00043472473,0.000023273587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026656953,0.0006536878,0.0006361442,0.00052647153,0.00027489435,0.0005335802,0.0008954719,0.0004885051,0.0011470863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002959467,0.0003017851,0.0008228504,0.0004340792,0.00021243599,0.00033353275,0.00067522353,0.0006750861,0.0004295537],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008130034,0.0009788623,0.008850471,0.00069763954,0.00036657657,0.00014277603,0.00021604661,0.05032823,0.59520304,0.0046214727,0.0015101548,0.33627176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000047224643,0.001105051,0.0055433027,0.000013331073,0.000093830306,0.000119019634,0.000060457656,0.5023463,0.48404962,0.0012545086,0.0052996585,0.00006777274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009869434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012333333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026656953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029890335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000891201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01409775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404136469","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130438","title":"Membrane performance evaluation and residual fouling characterization in a thermophilic submerged AnMBR treating pulp and paper primary sludge at varying solids retention times","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Residual; Chemistry; Pulp (tooth); Membrane fouling; Thermophile; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017593991194558116,"score_gpt":0.2631984603782509,"score_spread":0.24560446918369278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404136469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985701,0.0002172719,0.00083872775,0.000030989675,0.000011030851,0.000006407388,0.00010053025,0.000020973845,0.00020388394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972242,0.00029380148,0.0013384505,0.000017705892,0.0000064353294,0.000012986688,0.00015110138,0.000011169928,0.0009441649],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968433,0.000054363543,0.000034053788,0.000058526668,0.00010507068,0.00006355409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981576,0.000039814542,0.000031529373,0.000018678327,0.00007237285,0.000021838594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042224114,0.00033362623,0.00051494583,0.00019380248,0.00040635437,0.00044704948,0.0002536386,0.00055034796,0.000609761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046551804,0.00016054642,0.0005613286,0.00024703707,0.00015454393,0.00039663436,0.0002104809,0.00044310672,0.00031580942],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014833143,0.00003656428,0.00020736225,0.000030130497,0.000007730637,0.000024552335,0.00002597176,0.000170044,0.99830353,0.000010761501,0.0000120885,0.0010229482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040492123,0.00036528637,0.0021014295,0.0000025419583,0.000017788965,0.000029853221,0.00003538183,0.00083619345,0.99638957,0.0000055679698,0.00020595895,0.000006284062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039930553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002949543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039930553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003800812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036902382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007939637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404244241","doi":"10.3390/membranes14110235","title":"Combined Effects of Surface Roughness, Solubility Parameters, and Hydrophilicity on Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Solubility; Surface roughness; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012037033792052811,"score_gpt":0.23582603009147074,"score_spread":0.22378899629941792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404244241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988121,0.00043486303,0.0005474299,0.000012583904,0.000005088495,0.000008830499,0.000026818128,0.0000071010295,0.00014517557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986463,0.00036894085,0.0007695754,0.00001050258,0.0000052585187,0.000008182906,0.000043627908,0.0000047305307,0.00014285164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994999,0.0000940698,0.000058717116,0.000050331197,0.00022769072,0.00006917881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990754,0.0004149543,0.00017249142,0.000041528507,0.00025664945,0.000038948518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051877944,0.00035699958,0.0004034054,0.00036416313,0.00024093628,0.0003300237,0.00015145312,0.0003822447,0.00025273746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012262377,0.00019369311,0.00057398796,0.00027141612,0.00021177327,0.0004073973,0.00029688378,0.00036927106,0.000079015124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007459037,0.000020583879,0.0011954104,0.00006426199,0.000014455494,0.00005582369,0.000042959935,0.0003673449,0.99620205,0.000009971823,0.000007738686,0.0019447617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003313986,0.00033387585,0.007981476,0.000004122144,0.0000338123,0.000066120694,0.00006358941,0.001278025,0.990085,0.000011411385,0.00012980172,0.000009588267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008938049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012922568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008938049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002319826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013383017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027436018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404312979","doi":"10.1039/d4gc03963g","title":"Enhancing sustainable energy production through co-polyamide membranes for improved pressure-retarded osmosis performance and environmental impact: synthesis and life cycle analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Polyamide; Life-cycle assessment; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Sustainability; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Production (economics); Materials science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.005817207884789126,"score_gpt":0.2216431236847154,"score_spread":0.21582591579992627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404312979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98080266,0.0025450867,0.013733308,0.00009131349,0.000023297855,0.00007342039,0.00019480415,0.0000670532,0.0024691797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98689365,0.002118446,0.009102777,0.000015886617,0.0000069005514,0.000049139147,0.00012849699,0.000013489947,0.0016711733],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984574,0.000017137736,0.000009146979,0.000026943246,0.000069409354,0.000031628682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999027,0.000019741516,0.000022766118,0.000009236811,0.000037370788,0.000008095553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026682107,0.00037831048,0.00022925738,0.00028052507,0.0002014879,0.00037549675,0.0001804315,0.00036341994,0.00051472255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031097466,0.00009790502,0.00037182614,0.0002995652,0.00014866615,0.00082147744,0.00025882217,0.0004652614,0.00023764253],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057745165,0.000045214394,0.000244392,0.00017836262,0.000009465728,0.00006551252,0.000018620742,0.00090170227,0.99040765,0.0002575009,0.000026873877,0.0077870865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017708871,0.00013432572,0.00033578003,0.000004695538,0.0000075892467,0.000046755747,0.000010068319,0.00091746345,0.9971908,0.000039104096,0.0013081991,0.0000035403712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005042422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010375091,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00051472255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035836454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043518023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026000738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404321614","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c14283","title":"Interfacially Cross-Linked Polydopamine/Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Materials science; Membrane; Composite number; Solvent; Organic solvent; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polymer science; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014463658426298239,"score_gpt":0.2704506586476153,"score_spread":0.25598700022131704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404321614","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8924563,0.00397104,0.09915827,0.00017091997,0.00009288504,0.00015832376,0.0002891682,0.00079813885,0.00290502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92800504,0.0032577838,0.06305285,0.00008249517,0.00003246881,0.00022703003,0.00054522994,0.000097423115,0.004699748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997682,0.000024662779,0.000018774554,0.000059707643,0.000084568,0.000044046315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987674,0.000028064742,0.000030207035,0.000011873641,0.00003856408,0.000014548596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003355233,0.0006501343,0.00044588652,0.00028644715,0.0002816345,0.00030893803,0.00036874934,0.00043772126,0.00064277125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020158186,0.00023835641,0.0003216732,0.00028230957,0.00018701298,0.00034812305,0.0002287759,0.000676211,0.0004187917],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007270438,0.0000040622676,0.000016937209,0.000016146438,0.0000011476754,0.00001111598,0.0000042006814,0.000013916579,0.99932086,0.00002153572,0.000005871737,0.000576841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024761032,0.0000298606,0.00046137636,0.0000014862734,0.0000050417066,0.000046385976,0.0000035291537,0.0003798104,0.9983767,0.000008738338,0.0006821751,0.0000023608627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091234554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001459043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00091234554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005342132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032090957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038759708},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404328251","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25542","title":"Micro‐nanobubbles assisted fouling reduction in membrane distillation for desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Membrane distillation; Membrane fouling; Reduction (mathematics); Distillation; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Process engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013196791428862152,"score_gpt":0.22135844634866347,"score_spread":0.20816165491980132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404328251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98590356,0.0018392603,0.011203239,0.00009635132,0.00004591177,0.00003914721,0.00006210523,0.00011260551,0.0006977128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866246,0.0007808553,0.010810382,0.000032033935,0.000011256622,0.000033912274,0.00004422551,0.000017643006,0.0016451253],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998654,0.000026373467,0.000008546785,0.000023928207,0.000056260928,0.000019467952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999262,0.00001606543,0.000022037553,0.000005334899,0.000018432074,0.000011826017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014735952,0.00031658777,0.00022869172,0.0001998358,0.00017343678,0.00024644728,0.00015516026,0.00028689648,0.00058099587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015782163,0.00016910493,0.00019006197,0.00012675952,0.00016128138,0.00034863898,0.00022442771,0.0003087661,0.00028801683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022977758,0.000012355301,0.00003871963,0.00002649073,0.000001820663,0.000008010145,0.000007937925,0.000076947166,0.99831223,0.000031003867,0.000012790926,0.0014487442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016930562,0.00006432242,0.00029740657,0.0000011573155,0.000002042911,0.000013530333,0.0000056549798,0.0005103595,0.9983987,0.0000066444627,0.0006955095,0.00000306278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006786415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019314307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006786415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025594298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017852017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019436479},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404338180","doi":"10.51415/10321/5657","title":"Synthesis and characterization of electrospun-based composite for the remediation of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mitacs; Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg; Mintek","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Pollutant; Wastewater; Characterization (materials science); Composite number; Waste management; Water pollutants; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Organic chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.013443792898108242,"score_gpt":0.27612788938900473,"score_spread":0.26268409649089647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404338180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94567144,0.0044135083,0.04230494,0.00018596285,0.00012126041,0.00019328191,0.00093734026,0.00049583946,0.0056762765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9621145,0.0014190497,0.03226782,0.00011002895,0.000026373475,0.00020243751,0.00047555906,0.000053974767,0.003330189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998129,0.000011558373,0.000016092681,0.000051142535,0.00008936727,0.000018882773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998,0.00004575514,0.000058830607,0.000013174616,0.0000618655,0.000020347568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024777846,0.00031647948,0.00019262913,0.000565089,0.00018718601,0.0002789999,0.0002087081,0.0005426642,0.0009510113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033937392,0.0001662758,0.00031048732,0.00028521457,0.00015553205,0.00026959582,0.0001724135,0.00035118122,0.0003516323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019149273,0.000018051564,0.0001005144,0.000102958,0.0000045816987,0.000071163726,0.000013295975,0.00027793652,0.9959496,0.000054505334,0.000045595363,0.0033425507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006438959,0.00016163039,0.0023387352,0.000011354633,0.000010698221,0.0001525307,0.00001898745,0.001677965,0.99368626,0.000051546886,0.0018735601,0.000010426156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024509453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008631936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009510113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017200907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021720181,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031814575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404416929","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5297443/v1","title":"A novel, low-cost clay ceramic membrane for the separation of oil-water emulsions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Future Earth","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ceramic; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06965296502810059,"score_gpt":0.4001083569335736,"score_spread":0.330455391905473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404416929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9032449,0.0059100925,0.08226883,0.0008948804,0.00050164206,0.00014484859,0.0004787259,0.00081874616,0.005737364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94567657,0.0021777912,0.0422739,0.00018533428,0.00007969988,0.000072111005,0.00035212486,0.000067526846,0.0091149],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981517,0.000010139779,0.000010100363,0.000042794658,0.00008367369,0.000038181315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999138,0.000013362769,0.000012250373,0.000008662328,0.000027302845,0.000024636562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020067078,0.0002592462,0.00032922236,0.0003430628,0.0004309053,0.0005896934,0.0005635225,0.0009360241,0.0008781746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023268306,0.00018750541,0.00046377516,0.00026128595,0.00027337586,0.0005856131,0.00047659356,0.0005675382,0.0006116317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048797985,0.000015090048,0.000054591193,0.0000876501,0.00000635335,0.00007206711,0.000009817801,0.00008259218,0.99594146,0.00022799321,0.00016023224,0.0032932311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021391721,0.00013837288,0.00055782736,0.0000047672743,0.000017873725,0.00034341915,0.000021514908,0.0029624603,0.9892085,0.00008825311,0.006621392,0.000014234814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010225216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012000958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010225216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004681752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004600622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033968687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404491576","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-67398-6_295","title":"Post-Melt Purification in the FO–FC–RO Process for Water Recovery from Hydrometallurgical Effluents","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Process (computing); Metallurgy; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.02167504798315076,"score_gpt":0.25425656299066207,"score_spread":0.2325815150075113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404491576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3539951,0.07328942,0.32438248,0.0018779159,0.0014878284,0.00022746902,0.0008019557,0.0022591818,0.24167858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4563694,0.024697129,0.07654237,0.0004320381,0.00025163393,0.00009104978,0.0006336991,0.00057555025,0.4404072],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999143,0.0000054859865,0.0000025696145,0.000018145385,0.000046765155,0.000012719199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997807,0.000008614706,0.0000024680462,0.000003422627,0.000006219188,0.0000011480414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011434078,0.00029594186,0.00031197182,0.00024400333,0.00025257125,0.0004957171,0.0004558464,0.00047855813,0.0039343885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008685382,0.0001937611,0.0004190217,0.00038071277,0.00023500784,0.0009030681,0.000265334,0.00081552647,0.0021385297],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109901084,0.0000948145,0.00010810254,0.0005476174,0.000011955509,0.00019860796,0.00019008972,0.0016470039,0.8121882,0.012701713,0.003786177,0.16841587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060388365,0.00017916158,0.00070236734,0.00007510048,0.000021371674,0.00044525063,0.000057454927,0.0066992757,0.8508589,0.0030708485,0.13786513,0.000018927627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073899067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001906522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039343885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035764443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021192901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013161838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404617813","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202459601046","title":"Modern Approaches in Water Treatment: Emerging Technologies and Future Directions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Horizon College and Seminary","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Water quality; Environmental science; Portable water purification; Filtration (mathematics); Population; Water resources; Biochemical engineering; Pollutant; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.034123197919496764,"score_gpt":0.2489314360854503,"score_spread":0.2148082381659535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404617813","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013441077,0.9480847,0.011200796,0.02217635,0.0014947952,0.000032769734,0.000043297987,0.00008112088,0.015541995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011962459,0.960051,0.014478354,0.004894263,0.002694931,0.00007948011,0.00007575977,0.000027643291,0.0057361326],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984201,0.0004714113,0.00010928269,0.00023777157,0.0005581111,0.0002033062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974245,0.0013058081,0.00020355101,0.0001821622,0.0006394162,0.00024456097],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004381016,0.00094301655,0.0009933795,0.0018842671,0.00095082377,0.0039753783,0.0018213947,0.004114249,0.009734173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020043375,0.0003918484,0.0007852909,0.0020052944,0.005162294,0.0076807463,0.0025531203,0.004819966,0.00331404],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012414019,0.00049012125,0.00089490495,0.007867477,0.000071819835,0.00034678803,0.0005560599,0.0015741363,0.00737493,0.20422043,0.031839985,0.7446392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001709438,0.00031016275,0.00061680964,0.002645604,0.000030571107,0.0006385444,0.00080637826,0.0009855537,0.0024849975,0.13459972,0.8568069,0.000057687263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009106233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015918813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009734173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021990603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027139876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.032564104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404621015","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202401566","title":"Analysis of Metal–Organic Framework and Polyamide Interfaces in Membranes for Water Treatment and Antibacterial Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small Methods","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Richard Lounsbery Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Permeance; Biofouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Silver nanoparticle; Surface modification; Silver nitrate; Polymer chemistry; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03236170931273083,"score_gpt":0.3485701260635742,"score_spread":0.3162084167508433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404621015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906046,0.0017641044,0.0058769276,0.00002635561,0.000021432234,0.000029872908,0.00023697055,0.00007627936,0.0013634431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99376327,0.0005884009,0.004107023,0.000018604478,0.00000419623,0.00003386462,0.00020913698,0.0000129329555,0.0012625776],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999299,0.0000065441136,0.0000037408588,0.0000131027955,0.000027014985,0.000019646866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995637,0.00000906106,0.000012111216,0.0000020027285,0.000013351541,0.0000070777287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010959069,0.0003355604,0.0000998623,0.00020426973,0.00011794877,0.00016022573,0.00012988373,0.0002677331,0.0005971017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015029745,0.000102065795,0.0002043687,0.00013955434,0.00008174468,0.00019687299,0.00007352877,0.00018767874,0.00017473518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000100930965,0.0000047502867,0.000060771545,0.000018904464,0.0000022703978,0.000008316492,0.0000031071363,0.000032769505,0.99932456,0.000015672858,0.0000067318247,0.0005120172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016933648,0.0000392236,0.0017662382,0.0000032125286,0.0000064670535,0.000028186598,0.000013398717,0.00077345414,0.9966988,0.000010973596,0.0006561861,0.0000022198653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00078623625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010562637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00078623625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018881889,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012207677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019974709},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404625497","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130679","title":"Hydrophobic cordierite-based capillary membranes applied to desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche, de la Science et de la Technologie","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Cordierite; Capillary action; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer science; Engineering; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010574921015595425,"score_gpt":0.2661396383207629,"score_spread":0.25556471730516744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404625497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9149778,0.03334988,0.025261752,0.0015836338,0.0010513691,0.00018607354,0.00024055532,0.00046209645,0.022886895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9370127,0.024443077,0.00909856,0.00036577607,0.0003965603,0.000041179686,0.00017298665,0.00006167888,0.02840749],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998543,0.000012026963,0.0000062174277,0.000035908794,0.000063152205,0.000028338573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986756,0.000022415026,0.00001798681,0.000008729165,0.00006672269,0.00001659113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030446233,0.00047670328,0.00035628982,0.00038307684,0.00039605587,0.000756079,0.00037685086,0.0009975624,0.002496089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003485727,0.0001526453,0.0002941876,0.0003871492,0.00030920765,0.00057314115,0.00033967866,0.000544631,0.0009097908],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007733949,0.000029468078,0.0001579514,0.00024567073,0.000008868889,0.000105484374,0.000030294323,0.00022979952,0.98399746,0.00053096213,0.000312694,0.014273873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006002896,0.00014633172,0.0011212336,0.00002018129,0.000013139055,0.00013865723,0.000028254353,0.0010698268,0.98994315,0.00010819974,0.0073973443,0.000007793866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017442586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024108847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002496089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059697684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003692797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008350253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404708953","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5033638","title":"Interfacial Engineering of Defects-Enriched Ruo2-Co3o4-X/Cobalt Foam Heterojunctions with Modulated Ru-O-Co Electronic Bridges for Long-Term Efficient Sulfur Removal and Direct Alkaline Seawater Hydrogen Production","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cobalt; Sulfur; Seawater; Heterojunction; Materials science; Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Optoelectronics; Oceanography; Engineering; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007598789835223229,"score_gpt":0.23390645142834246,"score_spread":0.22630766159311924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404708953","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985372,0.00015534379,0.0006558218,0.000021881542,0.000018477349,0.0000038230587,0.000027262475,0.00004046596,0.00053967687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991049,0.000057699468,0.00031115743,0.0000070425535,0.0000029518285,0.0000045268603,0.000027698372,0.000008718648,0.00047520286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999386,0.0000037763089,0.0000034790914,0.000015869164,0.000016626604,0.00002175567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995756,0.0000060619855,0.000011795143,0.0000063620796,0.000010537574,0.000007729344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006378393,0.00020847062,0.00018766944,0.00012776977,0.00012514296,0.00033719494,0.00029082084,0.00031002826,0.00084652053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011791516,0.00011726906,0.00015405488,0.00014829336,0.00011578036,0.00018799074,0.00017496725,0.00020990371,0.0001524626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007808464,0.000023213168,0.00013434463,0.00004424347,0.000010077019,0.000073824296,0.000023587967,0.00022561749,0.9976433,0.0001579444,0.00006853052,0.0015171029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012408721,0.000130353,0.0013117469,0.000003412063,0.00001734829,0.000059872065,0.000036724334,0.0028070174,0.9949721,0.00004009911,0.00060389464,0.000005010259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041984557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090481696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084652053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021244369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007505221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028319359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404893415","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.114998","title":"Membrane technologies for sustainable development goals: A critical review of bright horizons","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"American University of Sharjah; University of Sharjah","keywords":"New horizons; Sustainable development; Development (topology); Environmental planning; Business; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Engineering; Materials science; Aerospace engineering; Mathematics; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.01663621661095034,"score_gpt":0.27425975031213556,"score_spread":0.25762353370118524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404893415","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015966932,0.9967507,0.0003340513,0.0011179872,0.00041252564,0.000009464673,0.00003168858,0.000007152832,0.0011767659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009833106,0.997719,0.00035719803,0.00043577107,0.00021530819,0.000011252299,0.000034000168,0.0000028381949,0.00024119584],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983809,0.00032587314,0.00026369857,0.000211771,0.00068762933,0.00012998978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996316,0.0022159247,0.00037074432,0.000084789914,0.0008825871,0.00012989911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039532003,0.0015064391,0.0021035501,0.005035344,0.0010269324,0.003325641,0.0015440093,0.002929168,0.004228567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044907075,0.00078252476,0.0015427133,0.0050326143,0.0014415297,0.005778232,0.0017377308,0.0034159804,0.0016255644],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009192898,0.00014463576,0.00046640818,0.100546055,0.00019663764,0.00050593354,0.0005475794,0.0017359959,0.00424868,0.048942003,0.06309461,0.77947956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005122287,0.000099088364,0.00042593136,0.015299707,0.00013238184,0.00039385713,0.00032200484,0.00022736061,0.0009679044,0.008209924,0.97387165,0.000044990342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025071953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034802642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005035344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022538237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0053225984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020906806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404956370","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131936","title":"Trace concentrations of graphene oxide and magnetic graphene oxide rescue anaerobic municipal sludge digesters under stress","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic exercise; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Materials science; Environmental science; Methane; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.012055750796549167,"score_gpt":0.23736537301651914,"score_spread":0.22530962221996997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404956370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99852103,0.00015655665,0.0007855323,0.000028498958,0.000013957268,0.000007888016,0.00011497443,0.000033921773,0.00033768156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972064,0.00011446575,0.0011860239,0.000025529731,0.0000040072896,0.000013647327,0.00018351401,0.000011643004,0.0012547133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998977,0.0000096069225,0.0000074259137,0.000027503607,0.00003471779,0.000023067558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999287,0.000010668202,0.000018261284,0.0000071266713,0.000021886472,0.0000133610565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010252339,0.00023525557,0.00017082765,0.00017915347,0.00011666709,0.0002527182,0.00015608933,0.00038140445,0.0006613463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016801954,0.000098246564,0.00019893658,0.00011025566,0.00014119536,0.00019060532,0.00018578734,0.00023026773,0.00011040126],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005228415,0.0000061313513,0.00016864353,0.000016123133,0.0000023025043,0.0000151446475,0.000008331205,0.00007817145,0.9989505,0.000008720675,0.000013089874,0.0006806408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003541362,0.00021758355,0.0027177008,0.0000039511838,0.000009226436,0.0000203319,0.000035975267,0.00086731405,0.9955245,0.000021972372,0.0005735235,0.0000043008185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008036898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002063416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008036898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019115533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009591693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022124052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404998225","doi":"10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100939","title":"Synthesis and performance of polysulfone-chitosan ultrafiltration membranes for humic acid removal","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"University of Technology - Iraq; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Technische Universiteit Delft","keywords":"Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Chitosan; Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01518404506616206,"score_gpt":0.2411420993070907,"score_spread":0.22595805424092866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404998225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99321437,0.001379109,0.0044347798,0.000044331766,0.000013868985,0.00002848574,0.00022121158,0.00003781745,0.0006260561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98985755,0.0010929214,0.007511449,0.000026069209,0.0000075596326,0.000026205156,0.00022068943,0.000012829431,0.001244787],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998747,0.000016483062,0.00001156459,0.00002307662,0.00005184585,0.000022286868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988365,0.000023467119,0.000029818724,0.0000078839985,0.000038000624,0.000017150976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026703055,0.00040802153,0.00024237607,0.00023524123,0.00021870596,0.0002469516,0.00015926217,0.00034029485,0.00031648547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002629481,0.00010821908,0.0003353957,0.00022914419,0.00014420747,0.0003095026,0.00010747709,0.00023894118,0.00014103322],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022089227,0.0000062573786,0.000053952957,0.000028226914,0.0000030431763,0.000011985015,0.0000068318905,0.00010959584,0.99867284,0.00001643319,0.000008861213,0.0010597558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025545019,0.00008658948,0.0016160879,0.0000020555344,0.0000076293604,0.00002946306,0.000006493952,0.00045775814,0.99745876,0.0000087292965,0.00032003957,0.000003952081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024553475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032436133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024553475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040450518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034697776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048820972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405048688","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123589","title":"Prediction of membrane flux in membrane bioreactors through dimensionless analysis and correlations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Bioreactor; Chemistry; Mechanics; Biophysics; Physics; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02071884219621137,"score_gpt":0.2666468248054959,"score_spread":0.24592798260928453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405048688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5893001,0.0009299091,0.40328124,0.00043902028,0.00011614241,0.00011226418,0.00018927253,0.0006702676,0.0049617575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864363,0.00025641068,0.0124185,0.00002355059,0.000026864884,0.000059031347,0.000049941926,0.0000610557,0.000668438],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997603,0.00011205563,0.000014787754,0.0000376881,0.000056583332,0.00001849501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981363,0.0014865896,0.00014285099,0.000051052488,0.00014979969,0.00003335337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008747582,0.00066837517,0.00068383955,0.00079553353,0.000489396,0.0009624688,0.0006113301,0.0011758959,0.00052249746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0046271174,0.00047364456,0.0006539059,0.00068100524,0.00068404485,0.0011301253,0.000417622,0.0010567729,0.00013667083],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027247102,0.0000366452,0.0011640901,0.000031572366,0.000010624,0.00004585602,0.000015230302,0.98861325,0.0032855629,0.0026482407,0.00012015819,0.0040015737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018107096,0.000004906979,0.00014138759,0.0000013818125,0.0000011208555,0.000002309054,0.000001575777,0.9989473,0.0005354748,0.00033817464,0.000021816066,0.0000027771907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004543348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021857042,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004543348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010821682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092505995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009033799},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405220065","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00553","title":"Gravity-Driven Membrane Filtration with Passive Hydraulic Fouling Control for Drinking Water Treatment: Demonstration of Long-Term Performance at Full Scale","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nuu Chah Nulth Tribal Council; University of British Columbia","funders":"First Nations Health Authority; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Indigenous Services Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Turbidity; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Filtration (mathematics); Biofilm; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Ecology; Biology; Bacteria; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010435594374067634,"score_gpt":0.22574839121227974,"score_spread":0.2153127968382121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405220065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832745,0.00040660976,0.015021876,0.00010075236,0.000020019874,0.000048548813,0.00036484483,0.00035536842,0.00040742295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976274,0.00031386432,0.021746052,0.000058800837,0.00001050269,0.00005231925,0.00032099683,0.000039243987,0.0011841377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997317,0.00003105891,0.000014779125,0.000054965076,0.00012352195,0.000043940578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982834,0.000027591044,0.00003036842,0.0000208734,0.000069291746,0.000023480125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045679574,0.00033631752,0.00035401745,0.00019178848,0.0002768718,0.00035103763,0.00038245795,0.00046758627,0.00040771943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039268436,0.00012274303,0.00033308883,0.00020859469,0.00026434797,0.00037277272,0.00039063144,0.00037901563,0.00017275728],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020448104,0.000020811673,0.0002543916,0.000021033491,0.0000034941238,0.000010825845,0.000017241955,0.00009435776,0.996845,0.00001177571,0.000037978,0.002662816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035994683,0.00020570816,0.0043421704,0.0000015725332,0.0000080859545,0.00004143964,0.000026172946,0.0017865779,0.9928624,0.000019010504,0.000693912,0.000009406432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031562739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038006883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031562739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040472543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033999654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062758327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405377943","doi":"10.15407/ujpe69.12.905","title":"Desalination of Seawater. Osmotic Process for “Blue Energy” and Estimation for Desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ukrainian Journal of Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water scarcity; Water resources; Desalination; Environmental science; Water security; Population; Resource (disambiguation); Water resource management; Freshwater ecosystem; Scarcity; Ecology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.022374891248600974,"score_gpt":0.2974168822895061,"score_spread":0.2750419910409051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405377943","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.064124815,0.1376917,0.43024608,0.02197232,0.030946216,0.0015369134,0.008069331,0.014650985,0.29076162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.43375114,0.072515205,0.23307814,0.008178244,0.0031093743,0.0009996074,0.0046737236,0.0026034706,0.24109107],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990773,0.00006260042,0.000054663105,0.00020434245,0.000533035,0.000067989255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996792,0.000051589028,0.00005628345,0.000037365466,0.00014647192,0.00002914633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005210708,0.00092494715,0.00072620576,0.00121179,0.00075524725,0.0013954405,0.00095353264,0.0011289417,0.018120449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010374582,0.00039538534,0.0009985361,0.001320035,0.0008236482,0.0027994092,0.0011991148,0.0023243122,0.011576348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035032266,0.00015770594,0.0021338928,0.0052996674,0.00007480085,0.0007198918,0.00035076696,0.0019728828,0.24675441,0.044707246,0.13811709,0.55936134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004008011,0.0002509385,0.0016158633,0.00032308497,0.000060991377,0.0013014025,0.00018391333,0.0068916213,0.294853,0.010417765,0.6839427,0.000118626114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008767896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015264258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018120449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007985728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006598941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.060618877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405408975","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118439","title":"End-of-the-day rinsing for improved maintainability of intermittently operated small-scale photovoltaic-powered reverse osmosis systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Maintainability; Reverse osmosis; Photovoltaic system; Scale (ratio); Reverse osmosis plant; Engineering; Process engineering; Osmotic power; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Reliability engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.0147211118440887,"score_gpt":0.25171104784627313,"score_spread":0.23698993600218443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405408975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98996615,0.00050001376,0.00833883,0.000103853265,0.00007389527,0.000026289461,0.0001688089,0.00024046573,0.00058170373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917435,0.00023074956,0.006263968,0.000046776277,0.000015439131,0.000022659366,0.00013567979,0.00005939832,0.0014817482],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998,0.000019033569,0.000017835762,0.00006386738,0.000069260714,0.000029941437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997154,0.00006595412,0.000050757306,0.000051421288,0.000093517105,0.000022867684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022191137,0.00023868504,0.0002348963,0.00015517356,0.0003750453,0.0004536817,0.00051884574,0.0002671044,0.0014082687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048662888,0.000118199285,0.00017962078,0.00014977368,0.00014895604,0.0005292335,0.00032423364,0.00043516135,0.00027363974],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008659854,0.000021324866,0.00041110127,0.00003228119,0.000004046094,0.000016737376,0.000035163117,0.0000921116,0.9927059,0.000031134623,0.000072145216,0.006491389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000076174715,0.00012480936,0.0021441926,0.000003077385,0.000011023533,0.000028806824,0.000037846217,0.0017094839,0.9946554,0.000019850766,0.0012504627,0.000007477086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008519771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002618052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014082687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026591826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003254647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004711151},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405531595","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02510","title":"A comprehensive review of recent advances in membrane innovations for efficient heavy metal removal from mine effluents","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Scientific African","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Foundation; National Science and Technology Council; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Effluent; Heavy metals; Environmental science; Engineering; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.06190933095718931,"score_gpt":0.349356066344433,"score_spread":0.2874467353872437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405531595","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008461604,0.9967655,0.0004434035,0.0001553912,0.0001872796,0.000014656105,0.000103927494,0.000018848987,0.0014649434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001772185,0.9964888,0.00059357757,0.00014505185,0.00010355164,0.000015441683,0.00012263216,0.0000035381017,0.00075520616],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997254,0.00004373849,0.000053877357,0.00004947866,0.000097717864,0.000029721572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976224,0.000095536256,0.000049677463,0.000008610113,0.000068088826,0.000015835016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045269178,0.0009697371,0.0014870005,0.002727831,0.00032406027,0.00090680027,0.0005882263,0.0007217712,0.0043509253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057554484,0.00038919775,0.0011858202,0.003097081,0.0001811134,0.0013162381,0.0005137016,0.0008350326,0.0014124465],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021086841,0.00020406749,0.0003595222,0.14772704,0.0003573649,0.0006091334,0.00019956433,0.0013418167,0.03442722,0.0036362093,0.02883882,0.7820884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001654537,0.00039527833,0.0017347406,0.0062970575,0.0004880007,0.0011673517,0.00009986513,0.00026416453,0.006404538,0.00086988526,0.9822129,0.000049628798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008988111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014472799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043509253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040215484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010173682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014555335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405686227","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.158894","title":"Nanoconfined core-shell heterogeneous fenton reactor: Accelerated degradation of organic pollutants in flow-through systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Pollutant; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Shell (structure); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Organic chemistry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.022488506984243005,"score_gpt":0.23745570666651222,"score_spread":0.2149671996822692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405686227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750982,0.0007674989,0.022845855,0.00008985765,0.00002415964,0.000041458898,0.000078419944,0.00025251674,0.0008019687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988536,0.00038333278,0.010000834,0.000030012776,0.0000057393686,0.000018854269,0.000058143403,0.000021640328,0.0009455087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999037,0.00001071215,0.0000051931106,0.00002995948,0.0000289134,0.00002139493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999497,0.000010610054,0.000015040101,0.0000043905056,0.000010137624,0.000010105828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001593913,0.0004044437,0.00028729858,0.00014006921,0.00012050765,0.00024891453,0.00023434129,0.000306239,0.0003189657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014828106,0.00012709708,0.00021062544,0.000080899415,0.00021729938,0.0003816381,0.00021241087,0.00039179428,0.000120769],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002034453,0.000013053821,0.000039013306,0.000023066656,0.000002273137,0.000016358563,0.000010271723,0.00019185687,0.9985208,0.0000849257,0.000022269956,0.0010558268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055992123,0.000058139452,0.0002179823,0.000001144103,0.0000037206637,0.000024428567,0.000003584227,0.0027848713,0.99648285,0.000017853821,0.00039662488,0.0000032016337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015554596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001891024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015554596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042692883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002364404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030976534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405701851","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202414490","title":"Ultrathin Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon Networks as Architects of Enhanced Performance in Polyamide‐Based Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Materials science; Polyamide; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.008065417839725333,"score_gpt":0.22257583478757947,"score_spread":0.21451041694785414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405701851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98484033,0.0008100885,0.010885178,0.00010411294,0.000027628466,0.000014729786,0.000059385613,0.00021875821,0.003039794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938559,0.00023362416,0.005361511,0.000017368271,0.0000031516815,0.000008409872,0.000021517099,0.000015761774,0.00048264043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995804,0.0000069794155,0.0000015852024,0.00000719177,0.000015121298,0.000011045699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999596,0.0000098964065,0.000011721683,0.000005313578,0.0000062927234,0.0000071444756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000090724156,0.00023864613,0.000099359815,0.00014200929,0.00010854909,0.0002523243,0.00020411359,0.00026973235,0.00039323317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011762509,0.00017051748,0.00015051113,0.00006398515,0.00016892861,0.00024656786,0.00015153285,0.00019156076,0.00015063692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016778662,0.000011231525,0.00007699627,0.000029871375,0.000004928422,0.00003750993,0.000010808042,0.0021564085,0.9954573,0.00057293725,0.000038120103,0.0015871725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000134908405,0.00012139475,0.0010553952,0.000007666746,0.000012610826,0.000049527218,0.000022772232,0.03179961,0.9644161,0.0005351138,0.001948694,0.000017634717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003453987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007259408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00039323317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025150456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009127744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018247962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405792935","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2024.13.01","title":"A Mini-Review on Lead Ion Removal Using Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes from Aqueous Solutions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Aqueous solution; Lead (geology); Chemistry; Polymeric membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.025664931005851047,"score_gpt":0.2959201155080675,"score_spread":0.2702551845022165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405792935","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011561859,0.9949444,0.00094398804,0.0002582043,0.0006838598,0.000022396314,0.00008857491,0.000028886567,0.0018734293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0028160505,0.99222505,0.00096940086,0.0003085689,0.00042084244,0.000035912875,0.00015224805,0.000009997319,0.003061942],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997352,0.0000338964,0.000050138355,0.000048092672,0.000102268394,0.000030336992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996057,0.00014668201,0.00008698251,0.000012103726,0.00012239284,0.000026212503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044630177,0.0011063785,0.0012557517,0.0023280482,0.00028010947,0.0009805724,0.00071737793,0.0008977572,0.00545321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004988301,0.0004141254,0.00089795,0.002077731,0.00023506072,0.0015884013,0.0005279857,0.0009819864,0.0028056738],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025510226,0.00031871005,0.0003172859,0.08597117,0.00037015678,0.00047483447,0.0001205488,0.0010006865,0.06872078,0.0026048366,0.041392602,0.79845333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015658401,0.0004069834,0.0012900202,0.0044246675,0.00041701118,0.0012630726,0.00007298049,0.00029272656,0.022715861,0.0006923312,0.96836185,0.000046838257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054955145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009675597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00545321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042537844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000878388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018242776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406069711","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.159244","title":"Tailoring pore size and chemical resistance of polybenzimidazole membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) via chemical crosslinking and sulfocalix[4]arene impregnation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Solvent; Organic solvent; Chemical engineering; Chemical resistance; Chemistry; Chemical modification; Chemical structure; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005383747175150792,"score_gpt":0.21163117811983523,"score_spread":0.20624743094468442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406069711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954075,0.00034964667,0.0033775668,0.000055399167,0.000016495746,0.000010992708,0.000051671544,0.000086389504,0.0006443633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977985,0.00019099851,0.0013820557,0.000018111776,0.000006164619,0.000012090545,0.000041494895,0.000014306349,0.0005361651],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.0000124568305,0.00001168985,0.000031353255,0.000045987952,0.000029961711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978596,0.00006480738,0.00007878325,0.000014103427,0.00003347196,0.000022827984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024373962,0.00027520958,0.00012958201,0.00013712772,0.00019640762,0.0002993551,0.00021450064,0.0002944848,0.0005417221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042730808,0.00014757382,0.00014892805,0.00011474886,0.00019588601,0.00043156015,0.00018810746,0.00035166316,0.0001803639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024963754,0.00001101973,0.00005854754,0.000011672982,0.0000013361082,0.000008184968,0.000019737072,0.00007448388,0.99893516,0.000051903102,0.000019308383,0.0007835995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002916584,0.000038051563,0.0005909757,0.0000012444672,0.0000029543314,0.000011143025,0.000006190244,0.000903972,0.99819225,0.000008854449,0.00023847184,0.0000028987427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006828285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021700573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006828285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041831972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018766013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030351281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406107008","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.123697","title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(vinyl amine) interpenetrating network membranes for olefin/paraffin separation via facilitated transport","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Olefin fiber; Polymer chemistry; Amine gas treating; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015907480845406403,"score_gpt":0.294305428676348,"score_spread":0.27839794783094163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406107008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9685789,0.002394478,0.022800002,0.00015778768,0.00009958845,0.00007668462,0.00011858585,0.00027053163,0.005503301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98749566,0.0009549276,0.007224475,0.00003336984,0.000014123133,0.00003475306,0.000075610864,0.000019078952,0.0041479273],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998994,0.0000122966885,0.0000075457456,0.00002116927,0.000030089204,0.000029585897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995005,0.000013343794,0.000010988685,0.0000054484644,0.000011668527,0.000008458882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019812488,0.00028637587,0.00014714006,0.00021702194,0.0002620556,0.00031874716,0.00031995645,0.00035253033,0.0012739925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014206929,0.00016734976,0.00022369775,0.00014557176,0.00015265126,0.00061417976,0.00033686848,0.000510746,0.0005158451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035719437,0.000024320914,0.000035717632,0.00006162443,0.000004976025,0.00004667191,0.00001893571,0.0001792979,0.995378,0.00050969125,0.00006359983,0.0036413851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007980077,0.00006978282,0.00021382458,0.0000044558874,0.000008201394,0.00003735572,0.000010441486,0.0021384326,0.99559337,0.000068980415,0.0018422877,0.000004956582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064779544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017634371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012739925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043632084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002634638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004261911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406130898","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2024.1542869","title":"Editorial: Reviews in membrane modules and processes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Cognitive science; Psychology","score_opus":0.005706396913840547,"score_gpt":0.24868681141717822,"score_spread":0.24298041450333768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406130898","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000052020587,0.081232406,0.00025526312,0.025148971,0.8872028,0.00003297054,0.00016310342,0.00017846072,0.0057339002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00070692244,0.07909737,0.00032214166,0.032239493,0.8628057,0.00005390886,0.0003371786,0.00018160163,0.024255667],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99400675,0.00073926966,0.0008021471,0.000815977,0.0031465392,0.0004893255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9835407,0.004359318,0.0012779697,0.0007117291,0.008209142,0.0019010971],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051873475,0.0032095632,0.0034482318,0.004872455,0.0014260428,0.007182052,0.0040741544,0.010363793,0.05011872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018813556,0.0009912947,0.0024351755,0.0029462245,0.0019329296,0.0066753626,0.0021663061,0.008946085,0.051138468],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038670056,0.000013627191,0.000017790202,0.0009783888,0.000016031036,0.00005894764,0.000008956982,0.000033271514,0.00015210985,0.0005246428,0.9765633,0.021594329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001369251,0.000015243711,0.00006646714,0.00042591945,0.000012167852,0.0001051863,0.000008136059,0.000018390878,0.00006290313,0.00038019847,0.99888414,0.000007718331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073035614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014534253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05011872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025980189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003017873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16766381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406140417","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.115351","title":"Effective removal of hazardous atrazine and chlorpyrifos by waste PET bottles-derived linker having novel MIL-53(Al)/PMMA-nanofiber incorporated poly(vinylidene) fluoride membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Chemical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; University Grants Commission; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; International Psychogeriatric Association","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Hazardous waste; Atrazine; Linker; Fluoride; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Nanocomposite; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Composite material; Pesticide; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.003305884037090953,"score_gpt":0.1900215614701599,"score_spread":0.18671567743306894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406140417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978358,0.00026671245,0.0013535937,0.000024868763,0.000007772141,0.000005405598,0.000045504617,0.000038335613,0.0004219881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99683845,0.00022779762,0.0015989793,0.00001675028,0.0000037397856,0.000006326975,0.000078469595,0.000008995969,0.001220564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989545,0.000009463952,0.000009963746,0.000020484367,0.000032945383,0.00003162766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999928,0.000010236604,0.000030752613,0.0000055961214,0.000014896515,0.000010544852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014570744,0.00038270178,0.00019275205,0.0001201351,0.00014873406,0.00024645362,0.00025764506,0.0003528084,0.00048628182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012956977,0.00018453436,0.0002741751,0.000117976335,0.000117849166,0.00033489455,0.00019828381,0.00027070954,0.00018509156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025998437,0.000004204122,0.000060968017,0.000016644872,0.0000018287956,0.00003047827,0.000007961209,0.000034202178,0.9993585,0.000019085388,0.000008215523,0.00043194497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016194406,0.000045392546,0.00047855126,0.0000013318462,0.0000038851617,0.000046288897,0.000008002463,0.0002823622,0.9988959,0.0000034928546,0.00023069789,0.00000238685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063553854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010205465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00063553854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020070598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017771278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016267896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406214232","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010017","title":"A Review of Sulfate Removal from Water Using Polymeric Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Phase inversion; Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Forward osmosis; Sulfate; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.04068893478614621,"score_gpt":0.3155549605989489,"score_spread":0.2748660258128027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406214232","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002953713,0.9978586,0.00023565274,0.00013070474,0.00015935789,0.000010284636,0.00006485823,0.000010873396,0.0012343412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00081707817,0.9980515,0.000312571,0.00009843676,0.00006398966,0.00000986314,0.00006254145,0.000001746282,0.0005822151],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999736,0.00003711627,0.000056364268,0.000046402023,0.00010130138,0.000022833374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996939,0.00013249816,0.00006179597,0.000008975509,0.00008467372,0.000018099516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000442252,0.0012794086,0.0015713118,0.003502974,0.0003939222,0.00089157175,0.00072339113,0.0009192295,0.0050799986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006951755,0.00041993344,0.0011433689,0.003714163,0.00021850149,0.0014219311,0.00053419743,0.00091070315,0.0017410981],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010373926,0.0001284728,0.00021061771,0.17569084,0.00034905615,0.00038667384,0.0001355814,0.00079850305,0.011134492,0.002911557,0.029649803,0.7785007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013333201,0.00017907452,0.0010150332,0.011434262,0.00048157305,0.001047737,0.00007467094,0.0001192327,0.002675652,0.00080816075,0.98211825,0.00003295964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001418739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001995045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0050799986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004755056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014159225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016994238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406326717","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.125270","title":"Energy consumption and energy efficiency of high-pressure reverse osmosis: Effect of water recovery, number of stages, and energy recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Fonds de recherche du Québec","keywords":"Energy consumption; Reverse osmosis; Energy recovery; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Efficient energy use; Osmotic power; Energy (signal processing); Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Membrane","score_opus":0.004216240169455117,"score_gpt":0.2063110269027415,"score_spread":0.20209478673328637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406326717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934442,0.0013353317,0.0031716984,0.000070304515,0.000020015357,0.00001605351,0.0002939561,0.00006640961,0.0015820245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99599695,0.0007400187,0.001726406,0.000024164437,0.000003897068,0.000014926286,0.00022433577,0.00002739699,0.0012418074],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967647,0.00002772133,0.000018600362,0.000067224115,0.0001305334,0.000079556245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999572,0.00021310657,0.00006420643,0.000033981738,0.00009934203,0.000017270844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039635279,0.00038057813,0.00047980828,0.00037238465,0.00017444683,0.000440044,0.00051128643,0.00053985615,0.0021290926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062335056,0.00021304227,0.0007099027,0.0006867046,0.00022591013,0.0011083342,0.00023581139,0.0005520383,0.00048273258],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0031404537,0.0005059469,0.010227425,0.00082427217,0.000114741735,0.00045164043,0.000091206384,0.041932836,0.8836555,0.00052239356,0.00065013923,0.057883482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035105702,0.0013422937,0.024517532,0.00002343109,0.00008540654,0.00013668949,0.00011937823,0.03930699,0.93183666,0.00014501896,0.002407826,0.00004358496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017270664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002872935,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021290926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031549615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021434527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007122457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406644002","doi":"10.1080/01932691.2025.2453599","title":"Optimizing seawater purification: Ion exchange selective demineralization through single and multi-objective techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Demineralization; Seawater; Ion exchange; Chemistry; Chromatography; Ion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Geology; Oceanography; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.018300799328691292,"score_gpt":0.28462504679147654,"score_spread":0.26632424746278527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406644002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7094957,0.0023863863,0.28525075,0.00021058599,0.00004243251,0.00022751564,0.00018695962,0.00031466282,0.0018849544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.69719553,0.0016794872,0.29879832,0.0000988664,0.00001478571,0.0002801041,0.00017582638,0.00006806436,0.0016890304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925596,0.00013980408,0.00006800737,0.0001758612,0.00029852302,0.00006177237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974424,0.00008411041,0.00007149565,0.0000150974465,0.00006695808,0.00001808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001427368,0.0010289076,0.0010321863,0.0005321702,0.00025631048,0.0009555116,0.00073192874,0.00073030253,0.0004334835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068211986,0.00032546933,0.0010512428,0.00042390413,0.00029128534,0.0005670535,0.00085174374,0.0005924216,0.00017491171],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001256976,0.00021945353,0.0010693291,0.000854359,0.00008543895,0.00008678326,0.000057346337,0.047752436,0.9078639,0.00044027102,0.00008956787,0.041355565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042913012,0.0011085507,0.002774316,0.00003284261,0.00010310567,0.0001171165,0.0001119464,0.19621696,0.79657644,0.00046923032,0.0023974078,0.000049196347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011691839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028972807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001427368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005152794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008170015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075487494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406716883","doi":"10.24949/njes.v17i2.824","title":"Controlling the Rejection of Protein During Membrane Filtration by Adding Poly-Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NUST Journal of Engineering Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; 2-Pyrrolidone; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer science; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008019589066552991,"score_gpt":0.220404514211765,"score_spread":0.212384925145212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406716883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97617847,0.0010216961,0.021571599,0.00008396905,0.00002947512,0.00003174865,0.00008059975,0.00014129329,0.0008612229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806295,0.0007845547,0.01693726,0.00003445374,0.00000906501,0.000040849794,0.00012082197,0.000045886147,0.001397498],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972254,0.000042886335,0.000024358813,0.00007375906,0.000085888285,0.000050508697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998084,0.00005020777,0.000065269305,0.000018537183,0.00004181967,0.000015736745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034628317,0.0003936707,0.0003248453,0.00016626819,0.00019113747,0.00042302898,0.00024484412,0.00039550298,0.00033095916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040367967,0.00016136107,0.00031433185,0.00024808696,0.00019421909,0.000436645,0.00016596013,0.00041755135,0.0002341903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013272136,0.00000509675,0.000050654784,0.000020585772,0.0000015894448,0.000018602253,0.00000822517,0.000032040145,0.9992235,0.000014702745,0.0000048170227,0.0006070412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014064938,0.00006522753,0.0004476191,0.0000014873654,0.0000035149658,0.000054614255,0.0000056802214,0.00034653358,0.99865294,0.000010247554,0.00040872875,0.000001916131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006289482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076683844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006289482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023478277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002145217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018313527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406842798","doi":"10.3390/app15031312","title":"Modified Solution–Diffusion Model Incorporating Rotational Kinetic Energy in Pressure Retarded Osmosis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Kinetic energy; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.019364781975007697,"score_gpt":0.2432888634551542,"score_spread":0.22392408148014648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406842798","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.037673425,0.0040477817,0.9227741,0.001546431,0.00064382015,0.0003119189,0.00043843043,0.00047836232,0.032085713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8033947,0.009020996,0.11361284,0.00075495365,0.00026089032,0.0012789711,0.0005522537,0.00022079163,0.07090353],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996056,0.00006397578,0.000025681711,0.000113738075,0.00012737999,0.00006363131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997353,0.00012314695,0.00003784339,0.000017079752,0.000072164,0.000014367073],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051873125,0.0011269222,0.0011978939,0.00080530817,0.0006131875,0.0014126713,0.002537232,0.003319027,0.0025838127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010031329,0.0005871556,0.0017055561,0.00068142597,0.0009067112,0.0021863563,0.0008745681,0.0013264782,0.0010457116],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010528491,0.000095884665,0.00041729838,0.00039245957,0.00004089269,0.00045758023,0.0001899038,0.8658074,0.04041101,0.077311985,0.0012660743,0.013504264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000960305,0.000023657782,0.00004450453,0.0000069195553,0.000007266932,0.000038780243,0.0000066309813,0.9941766,0.001195228,0.0028098226,0.001668165,0.000012820519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006338471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029267154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006338471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015484145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010097154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012603164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407027681","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107115","title":"Investigation of biomass and pollutant kinetics in batch bioreactors for effective industrial oily wastewater treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Kinetics; Biomass (ecology); Pollutant; Industrial wastewater treatment; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.013868319758190884,"score_gpt":0.22985761534499966,"score_spread":0.21598929558680877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407027681","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99776566,0.00047404255,0.001151366,0.00003754603,0.000013027762,0.000013672157,0.00007848598,0.000010410338,0.0004557149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99725807,0.0004285951,0.0011129094,0.000018729093,0.0000048026723,0.000012406903,0.000098717464,0.000007722171,0.0010581026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975544,0.000049341703,0.000018418245,0.000031094736,0.00010410572,0.000041498955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970406,0.00014471346,0.000025945892,0.00001801676,0.00008241224,0.00002467503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003739995,0.00027533475,0.0003112597,0.00023679392,0.0002966226,0.0006522469,0.00032998878,0.00043261025,0.0004883596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006073273,0.00019922815,0.00037403157,0.00025881626,0.00023191184,0.00042646125,0.00020934605,0.00049914594,0.00021129062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002600723,0.000085293905,0.0005233485,0.000043755645,0.000007263927,0.000027903534,0.000029703384,0.00023132547,0.9965329,0.00005216309,0.000016919346,0.002189301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000100671805,0.0004139046,0.0030671444,0.0000048082115,0.000015431568,0.000035786412,0.00007292064,0.0021471153,0.99387676,0.00003404975,0.0003145934,0.0000074988366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003807955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037213992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003807955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005108083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005921718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007571578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407072233","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25622","title":"A novel water‐soluble nano‐additive incorporated to <scp>PPSU</scp> membrane for textile dye removal","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Textile; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nano-; Nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Copolymer; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.008966037281763137,"score_gpt":0.20121006404313277,"score_spread":0.19224402676136965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407072233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98492914,0.0021689606,0.010605599,0.00016201995,0.000059294478,0.000027731536,0.00008347416,0.00018440615,0.0017793876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911724,0.00096379017,0.005859665,0.00004905081,0.000012952923,0.000013521405,0.000055606244,0.000013290895,0.0018596934],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999163,0.000012419787,0.000006081858,0.000016696513,0.00003431251,0.000014210203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995315,0.00000815697,0.000012371669,0.000003463404,0.0000124043345,0.000010438755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000078497374,0.00027846286,0.00020400231,0.0002207787,0.0001727403,0.00023817604,0.00015778223,0.00035569826,0.0004640109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010550722,0.000120958364,0.0002579914,0.0001525225,0.00012875679,0.00032502282,0.0001758443,0.00023338382,0.00022858054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015401358,0.000007322718,0.000035747402,0.000052386717,0.0000034795332,0.00004223263,0.0000045319525,0.00007376278,0.9984694,0.000046692905,0.000021699167,0.0012273847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020010625,0.000056045214,0.00029885382,0.000002352581,0.00000853844,0.000056334477,0.0000056009653,0.0007544956,0.9977155,0.0000115411785,0.0010863261,0.0000024476672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059594814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010517826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00059594814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021059992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019016601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015522838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407115312","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2025.1513591","title":"Transport in reverse osmosis membranes: observations and comments on the pore flow model versus the solution‒diffusion model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Diffusion; Forward osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Osmosis; Data flow model; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.023816310397482148,"score_gpt":0.2460422302851046,"score_spread":0.22222591988762247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407115312","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.082985125,0.20260262,0.041098844,0.5918917,0.042408314,0.0000902341,0.0009292791,0.0005395495,0.037454277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5440854,0.2792106,0.013628787,0.078827545,0.039696526,0.00018527986,0.0009165177,0.000534651,0.04291472],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998125,0.00048639547,0.00015785318,0.00046298522,0.00057888334,0.00018879837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99160814,0.0060693263,0.00032427916,0.00020989498,0.0016351136,0.00015333548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0047756936,0.0011608021,0.0014668208,0.001082543,0.001575125,0.0018928113,0.0034203937,0.0077693937,0.0020670916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011197423,0.0006525574,0.0021112454,0.0016080928,0.0037405484,0.010283816,0.0014023194,0.009178027,0.0012810591],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014533243,0.00026036412,0.003013559,0.003460381,0.000118828546,0.0068688532,0.0041957116,0.02914063,0.033752643,0.6211046,0.25130615,0.04532506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002166973,0.0006866113,0.004949432,0.0012425171,0.00011760018,0.0018845319,0.0032104757,0.09637013,0.029611299,0.31581745,0.54498255,0.0009107445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013001526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025279569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013001526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0051237093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010490607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.037175238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407296790","doi":"10.3390/data10020024","title":"Visual Footprint of Separation Through Membrane Distillation on YouTube","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Data","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Footprint; Separation (statistics); Distillation; Chromatography; Computer science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Geography; Machine learning; Archaeology","score_opus":0.042027780235211226,"score_gpt":0.35747430704520217,"score_spread":0.31544652680999097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407296790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8412017,0.0026659817,0.0022961823,0.001096983,0.0003327748,0.00018709151,0.11981461,0.0008574717,0.031547274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8853345,0.00203458,0.006155383,0.00032601808,0.00017512577,0.00020759624,0.092853546,0.00019982106,0.012713429],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998467,0.000020992886,0.000009186326,0.000028289242,0.000055345085,0.00003954754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994848,0.00019443575,0.00007213305,0.00002750898,0.00017082793,0.00005035924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014263028,0.00047900717,0.000253451,0.0029525862,0.00038195442,0.0004723771,0.00022121191,0.0003797694,0.003424079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010536811,0.00006653114,0.00023071692,0.0021612265,0.00018158856,0.00075211946,0.0005135931,0.0002956951,0.00074126536],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026555478,0.0003958634,0.21632622,0.0060454314,0.0003768583,0.007980472,0.013629432,0.008932737,0.06617577,0.0060585537,0.30943844,0.3619847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000043566077,0.00030146836,0.8314365,0.0010020231,0.000085665095,0.0013847265,0.014792626,0.038899723,0.010011306,0.0013426582,0.10056499,0.00013478103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05024861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09949724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05024861,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004905393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003519823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.099912286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407836944","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5147676","title":"Preparation of Highly Smooth Nanofiltration Membranes Based on Lignin Nanoparticle Hydrogels and Study of Interfacial Mechanism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Self-healing hydrogels; Membrane; Lignin; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Mechanism (biology); Materials science; Biophysics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010109615384367039,"score_gpt":0.2669325000242576,"score_spread":0.25682288463989056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407836944","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99172944,0.0005071785,0.007060783,0.000063035084,0.000015898158,0.000021205256,0.00011011319,0.000034565517,0.00045783859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919343,0.0003045952,0.0068462845,0.000026088948,0.0000059918166,0.00001972812,0.00013033194,0.000018182787,0.0007144095],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999341,0.0000065702366,0.0000048857855,0.000014121022,0.000020744586,0.000019559753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999093,0.000024093948,0.000026783706,0.000010830981,0.000013952795,0.000015050426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020605946,0.00022205869,0.0001918342,0.00015790653,0.0001686907,0.00019462414,0.00013691749,0.00033326034,0.00037693814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021200215,0.00012283307,0.0003005404,0.00013641901,0.00015751434,0.00035533443,0.00022564903,0.00053626846,0.00011829693],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020103153,0.000008374138,0.000045447603,0.000021318585,0.0000034869936,0.000016577931,0.00001454754,0.00008208679,0.9991979,0.000060821876,0.000008733057,0.0005206436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046285754,0.000050157087,0.0007085419,0.0000015032532,0.000004697736,0.000025837353,0.000008709082,0.0005894206,0.9983229,0.00004157713,0.00023916471,0.0000029905912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027428466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005145852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00037693814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017055488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012351689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0012609959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407865065","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160779","title":"Nanocomposite beads with engineered pore architecture for improved removal of emerging contaminants from water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Materials science; Contaminated water; Contamination; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.0034861744989496536,"score_gpt":0.19642668382415684,"score_spread":0.1929405093252072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407865065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9220292,0.002570651,0.069571264,0.00028348996,0.000097224205,0.00012905468,0.0004271377,0.0011613193,0.0037306298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9606524,0.0007967623,0.034680597,0.000117871634,0.000014162056,0.0000714537,0.00035975568,0.00011572834,0.0031913181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998697,0.000011364088,0.000010082204,0.00003293775,0.000041044816,0.00003489453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998795,0.000023881988,0.000027593114,0.000010849555,0.000033285043,0.000025010264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015359477,0.0003947039,0.00023564664,0.00034764613,0.00013471644,0.00034776644,0.000242068,0.00057585357,0.00070510915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002205891,0.0002074103,0.00039991282,0.0001568142,0.00018427976,0.00033949252,0.00026463947,0.0004896965,0.00032345374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015230136,0.000018016945,0.000059189424,0.00005303758,0.0000060397797,0.000018934574,0.000007027634,0.00025914688,0.9973355,0.00008182041,0.000055116125,0.0020908592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006930764,0.000086158776,0.00075878896,0.0000047887643,0.00001923601,0.000060645303,0.0000063108455,0.0034589653,0.9935237,0.000031123833,0.0020336206,0.000009725445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008220569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019682823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008220569,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034975988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021125776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025377274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407870434","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160974","title":"Mass transport limitations in high-performance water-vapor selective membranes: A multiphysics simulation approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St Joseph's Health Centre; University of Waterloo","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Qatar Foundation","keywords":"Multiphysics; Membrane; Water vapor; Mass transport; Mass transfer; Materials science; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Finite element method; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013567504398152224,"score_gpt":0.20923297695553472,"score_spread":0.1956654725573825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407870434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8482494,0.0016217321,0.1085139,0.0024881742,0.00019992162,0.00031861808,0.0017809586,0.000385847,0.03644142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9638482,0.0015034862,0.027088227,0.00038996103,0.000056464163,0.0006280357,0.00087101286,0.00013667332,0.0054779737],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998141,0.00004610792,0.000008173932,0.0000229971,0.000057443343,0.0000511913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994398,0.0003675928,0.000045089404,0.000032563054,0.00007528626,0.000039716986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062305265,0.0007932316,0.000881057,0.0006406811,0.0010637024,0.0015097714,0.0011812042,0.002786406,0.002372676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011879846,0.0005926586,0.0019397904,0.00064338295,0.00082688977,0.0011012229,0.00079611066,0.0013636916,0.0003206307],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051883035,0.00008257571,0.0011200102,0.00008933144,0.000028863631,0.00013328245,0.000075105694,0.9870502,0.0037728117,0.0058466196,0.00026462178,0.0014846592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012247538,0.0000126026425,0.0001372072,0.000007942667,0.0000052280384,0.0000077645445,0.00001492802,0.99838185,0.0004006594,0.0007224036,0.00029113045,0.000005989964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017839696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00900434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017839696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016049738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00248046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.035471737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407902324","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160928","title":"Switchable biomaterials for wastewater treatment: From material innovations to technological advancements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Nanotechnology; Biochemical engineering; Materials science; Process engineering; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.011368637650448328,"score_gpt":0.24504960323555447,"score_spread":0.23368096558510615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407902324","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014535771,0.9640909,0.010103112,0.0025993711,0.00096948585,0.00004060388,0.000101691825,0.0001351367,0.007423915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05151378,0.9287788,0.011018145,0.0020895656,0.00056217704,0.00007013858,0.00014210494,0.000055424003,0.0057699326],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996302,0.00007724954,0.000030143477,0.000070208436,0.00013885148,0.000053319345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964,0.00016201494,0.00005836878,0.000026839281,0.0000748166,0.000037932932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096743746,0.0007273615,0.0007337476,0.0011140205,0.00018421178,0.0014287696,0.0005354359,0.0013758714,0.0032336295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006199104,0.00038806518,0.0005331425,0.00094193453,0.00065586634,0.0029366799,0.0008714878,0.0014944659,0.0012387678],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022228823,0.00025653897,0.000581008,0.017448602,0.00013993749,0.0007031407,0.0003070021,0.0024354367,0.34383562,0.0317564,0.011960819,0.59035325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045320518,0.00072159694,0.0017029494,0.0021633266,0.00013131097,0.0013135136,0.0003483269,0.0020081298,0.13244335,0.01748427,0.84155005,0.00008782772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023902733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046963434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032336295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007290568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064803066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010817587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407978707","doi":"10.3390/ma18051020","title":"Integration of Membrane-Based Pretreatment Methods with Pressure-Retarded Osmosis for Performance Enhancement: A Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Osmotic power; Biofouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Biochemical engineering; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Software deployment; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Performance enhancement; Reverse osmosis; Computer science; Materials science; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04543682903592125,"score_gpt":0.3692637009303703,"score_spread":0.32382687189444903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407978707","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039507294,0.9975007,0.00044101998,0.00013485296,0.00014222327,0.000011266608,0.000033056564,0.0000146076445,0.0013271752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012475308,0.9974591,0.00054854434,0.00008313346,0.000063454674,0.00001136297,0.000038842514,0.0000026282373,0.0005454023],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997502,0.00003198021,0.000036368292,0.000052423704,0.000101157144,0.000027855009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996437,0.00017040597,0.00006575088,0.000012063264,0.00008647349,0.000021549724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005389998,0.0012340213,0.001357435,0.0029907667,0.00031767078,0.0010263973,0.00076326355,0.0010144801,0.0035217027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006431717,0.00047278884,0.00087955385,0.002893399,0.00032344018,0.0015923823,0.00055552495,0.0011560516,0.0016082771],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006296375,0.00016028048,0.00022133689,0.073917374,0.00022114298,0.00026609638,0.00008807894,0.000988881,0.012918368,0.0048004906,0.014797986,0.8915571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011699338,0.00020943857,0.0008461684,0.0050057187,0.00030944808,0.00082615076,0.000066389315,0.0002579698,0.0049066995,0.0011685154,0.986357,0.000034860015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001062026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019315172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035217027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004645871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011719558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011781275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407984454","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.200113","title":"Optimizing the Performance of Type U Ultrafiltration Membrane with Variations in Flow Rate and Filtration Time","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Chemistry; Statistics; Physics","score_opus":0.0059084815712748245,"score_gpt":0.22501819901297782,"score_spread":0.219109717441703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407984454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99156135,0.00056896,0.00704171,0.000057056786,0.000027209093,0.000020196532,0.00009499344,0.00010260461,0.0005259027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99255073,0.00035340546,0.0065320316,0.000024948278,0.0000063028615,0.000017593999,0.00008342791,0.000022692888,0.0004088658],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999637,0.000050918163,0.000035788384,0.00010074088,0.00008802166,0.000087484645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968743,0.00008132579,0.00006889115,0.00002729237,0.00011261524,0.000022430402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006667414,0.000569439,0.00046966434,0.00029712418,0.00041807792,0.000815486,0.00048775665,0.0007675747,0.00041567226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010136353,0.00018597575,0.0004784206,0.0004545355,0.00016209944,0.0007900843,0.00021726749,0.00033408456,0.00022946601],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032535414,0.000101240286,0.00082349067,0.00007231881,0.000019882744,0.000042287065,0.000036548347,0.0018185804,0.98981035,0.00007334846,0.0000614542,0.0068151094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008481901,0.00027038265,0.0022014705,0.0000046035148,0.000034347577,0.000036552028,0.000021730737,0.006039489,0.9909888,0.000025107041,0.00035668156,0.000012331681],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018018897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015405208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018018897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052683026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046184944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038224459},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408020890","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137770","title":"Few-layer MoS2 co-assembly with GO to optimize defect channels and stability of GO membranes for high-performance organic-inorganic separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.013538565034252497,"score_gpt":0.2630329578443589,"score_spread":0.24949439281010638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408020890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996166,0.00027598796,0.002805092,0.000043125772,0.000016271622,0.000012298513,0.00008784762,0.00008190064,0.0005116102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949012,0.00018853543,0.003616021,0.000022381653,0.0000053278536,0.000016051423,0.00012073254,0.000022069631,0.0011075867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994385,0.000005669839,0.000004839007,0.000013310056,0.000018284494,0.000014020357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999515,0.000009096098,0.000012240383,0.0000051623974,0.000012479612,0.000009514627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000081478676,0.00032619314,0.000121118326,0.00018068579,0.00016041285,0.00016857525,0.00019163529,0.00026020876,0.00047063237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013198143,0.00011666475,0.00014835488,0.00014614059,0.00011066266,0.0001997855,0.00016818159,0.0002781455,0.00013262939],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009273423,0.0000056584995,0.00005538716,0.000010998157,0.0000026557022,0.000010478903,0.0000047562266,0.0000648053,0.99944896,0.000034272765,0.000015114508,0.00033762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024619198,0.000042139254,0.00054823165,0.0000010293272,0.0000068783493,0.000020896485,0.000007650861,0.0011620008,0.99771273,0.000012076024,0.00048127296,0.0000025709228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009585433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005453352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009585433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021478675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016326764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019059777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408077278","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36164-2","title":"Contaminated oily wastewater treatment using composite membrane adsorption reactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Ecotoxicology; Adsorption; Contamination; Waste management; Composite number; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Biology; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.039647271398331886,"score_gpt":0.32742749162707024,"score_spread":0.28778022022873834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408077278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929899,0.0007366606,0.0046326583,0.000075021875,0.0000581881,0.00002327485,0.00006498301,0.00008512628,0.0013341281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99484825,0.0004105976,0.0023778935,0.000035359622,0.000013089975,0.000011062461,0.00006476291,0.000010641162,0.002228437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997904,0.000023927598,0.00001497131,0.000038410268,0.000071800285,0.000060547645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999206,0.0000145644635,0.000013726209,0.0000058335154,0.00002973137,0.000015646503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016996865,0.000371793,0.00059121166,0.00041324442,0.00045417517,0.00059869105,0.00032829307,0.0005671565,0.00060141477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016589937,0.00020097235,0.00064826943,0.00027120503,0.00015300172,0.00036641784,0.00037813955,0.00061758485,0.00026558986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018372582,0.00005196512,0.00022813208,0.000070360526,0.000012653321,0.000038222224,0.000015721984,0.00038818733,0.9959751,0.000058724818,0.000057372934,0.0029199095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000110059345,0.00012863014,0.00092167075,0.0000027995907,0.00001924519,0.000035155026,0.000017614073,0.0019078839,0.9962536,0.000022602835,0.0006722287,0.000007530288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034517092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004067278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034517092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004566845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005354423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0068632364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408106373","doi":"10.3390/membranes15030073","title":"Surfactant-Enhanced Cleaning Solutions for Ceramic Membranes: A Comparative Study on Humic Acid and BSA Fouling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Backwashing; Ceramic membrane; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04774644140290145,"score_gpt":0.3122611080871847,"score_spread":0.26451466668428325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408106373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796652,0.012384741,0.0067442474,0.000088328285,0.00003018837,0.000059606296,0.000060563674,0.00003199295,0.0009350655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9772394,0.009217197,0.011724656,0.00006955949,0.000019421483,0.000040142622,0.00011686567,0.000018892935,0.0015539853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996124,0.00008318352,0.00003662783,0.000055321147,0.00017463083,0.00003802279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977523,0.00006224723,0.000045381676,0.000013379712,0.00008653396,0.000017186445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044023703,0.00037752147,0.00040717138,0.0004059509,0.00021677688,0.00031391377,0.0002077622,0.0004348288,0.00036136125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005377544,0.00015344749,0.00043910876,0.00033042324,0.0002075749,0.00038167796,0.00023613154,0.00027024897,0.00012989847],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025315843,0.000011088959,0.000084832674,0.00012446237,0.0000082011,0.000018766403,0.000018718893,0.000048286074,0.99741757,0.000021816317,0.0000061674746,0.0022147598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024458066,0.00020333787,0.000603108,0.0000059650947,0.000017719949,0.00009069745,0.000020969519,0.0002915051,0.9977113,0.000008480883,0.0010403306,0.0000041243734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010915285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017169481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010915285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003155148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027683488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002328217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408147582","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2471043","title":"Chlorine regeneration of a zeolite ion-exchange column for ammonia removal from an explosives-impacted mining wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Ontario Centre of Innovation","keywords":"Chemistry; Chlorine; Wastewater; Zeolite; Effluent; Ammonia; Ion exchange; Inorganic chemistry; Nitrogen; Pulp and paper industry; Nuclear chemistry; Waste management; Ion; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012524020056074114,"score_gpt":0.2490941019967277,"score_spread":0.2365700819406536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408147582","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957617,0.00035138943,0.003208508,0.0000365963,0.000010767461,0.000036113375,0.00008830434,0.000042391723,0.00046426491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930957,0.000357279,0.004663778,0.00003599722,0.0000046692317,0.000023671713,0.00018767425,0.000010119087,0.0016211275],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998845,0.00002026887,0.000010098463,0.000024661062,0.00003818138,0.000022253738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995804,0.000008077769,0.000008271355,0.0000027107349,0.000016217758,0.000006775445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016940947,0.00027282984,0.00031533017,0.00015774551,0.00022001713,0.00027781713,0.00032685965,0.00037723366,0.00042215924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013770307,0.00010378175,0.00033167616,0.00012290466,0.000105467785,0.0002055777,0.00018836878,0.0002663943,0.00025731587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042236203,0.000020553249,0.0001497228,0.00004147636,0.000003588287,0.000021365437,0.00000616751,0.00007870725,0.9983596,0.000008307447,0.000009622023,0.0012586238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011425032,0.00028940642,0.0018787333,0.000003885282,0.000014243194,0.000059925213,0.00002296799,0.0012732182,0.9957831,0.000008614326,0.0006476699,0.0000068595027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026613355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055291993,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026613355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000234218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000320433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052917004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408249653","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107388","title":"Foaming in wastewater treatment plants: Deciphering biological foaming and challenges in MBR systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; European Regional Development Fund; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Macquarie University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03111656662015228,"score_gpt":0.23904625365696008,"score_spread":0.2079296870368078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408249653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97534764,0.015723282,0.0045305793,0.002399952,0.0000580957,0.000018708051,0.00009622171,0.00004941642,0.0017761703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99159557,0.0061877184,0.001437896,0.0001722777,0.000046214547,0.000009162982,0.000063136235,0.000006409903,0.00048172512],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945337,0.000101458056,0.000028160723,0.00008082741,0.00018618008,0.00014997316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995266,0.0001643886,0.00010725235,0.000028605029,0.00013056064,0.000042530904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008311297,0.0002910305,0.00055667514,0.0005251827,0.00045311745,0.0013835186,0.0005859218,0.0014255437,0.00052879105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011879727,0.00018051462,0.00029483877,0.00032907267,0.0008492056,0.0018917414,0.0006202866,0.0009554842,0.00016361722],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056161865,0.0003055147,0.023253586,0.0015026407,0.000075405806,0.0005833523,0.0008779139,0.0064634113,0.78545487,0.004057714,0.0014323524,0.17543161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035444697,0.002213393,0.10759681,0.0006290759,0.00016749094,0.0014335191,0.008397291,0.087225325,0.7328382,0.017889462,0.041392513,0.00018150045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027867334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003003936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027867334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081894465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006885087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005941868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408274067","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118799","title":"Fabricate superhydrophobic PVDF membrane using waterborne polyurethane and hexadecyl polysiloxane-modified silicon dioxide (WPU/SiO2@HD-POS) to achieve self-healing ability in membrane distillation process","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Polyurethane; Membrane; Materials science; Membrane distillation; Wafer; Chemical engineering; Silicon dioxide; Self-healing; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.013716990445894073,"score_gpt":0.28507157587557863,"score_spread":0.27135458542968455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408274067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9828455,0.0006300161,0.01408687,0.00010492109,0.00006194921,0.000032160533,0.00013891597,0.0001874206,0.0019122637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98987436,0.00039340334,0.007657381,0.0000514358,0.0000153172,0.00003270241,0.000116090356,0.00001644647,0.0018428864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992573,0.0000038022429,0.0000058717565,0.000019239844,0.000023817245,0.000021532815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999517,0.0000059950244,0.000018181525,0.00000495916,0.000010184973,0.000008937111],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007514065,0.00035484834,0.00014866571,0.00016958288,0.00013807899,0.00013155222,0.0001852927,0.00033965652,0.00071802706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008405229,0.00019678871,0.00029870876,0.00013678634,0.00009850473,0.00031904085,0.00023864068,0.00030607174,0.00025257774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006707453,0.000005800368,0.000041673567,0.000023216102,0.0000023662587,0.00002653907,0.000006659427,0.000036966998,0.9991186,0.000037700487,0.000021430307,0.000672282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000031063778,0.00004245792,0.00052654697,0.0000010539638,0.000004142104,0.000055147473,0.0000079098945,0.0007706025,0.99804926,0.000016767204,0.0005196918,0.0000032834273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027664885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007156889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071802706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000139853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012749825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024020672},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408295877","doi":"10.1002/app.56939","title":"Superhydrophobic Solution Blow Spinning <scp>PTFE</scp>–<scp>SiO<sub>2</sub></scp> Composite Membranes for Enhanced Liquid–Liquid Extraction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Spinning; Composite number; Membrane; Extraction (chemistry); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00870146910106854,"score_gpt":0.2515976891114107,"score_spread":0.2428962200103422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408295877","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729345,0.0014723663,0.022783032,0.00018171068,0.00004602518,0.00003820916,0.0001321328,0.00022691037,0.0021851133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848696,0.0008754937,0.012291723,0.000058798694,0.000021041616,0.00002455844,0.00008527985,0.00002866587,0.0017449314],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989617,0.000012113329,0.00000620861,0.000018785338,0.000050811195,0.000015944035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999149,0.000022695553,0.000025195897,0.000006121079,0.000018792069,0.000012304973],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014774391,0.0002709086,0.00028166056,0.00017957695,0.00019888517,0.00024410244,0.00018030561,0.00041563937,0.0006578126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001533201,0.00023062479,0.00027636386,0.00012888183,0.00020234752,0.00038621566,0.00019838025,0.0003412807,0.00030469522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000066232005,0.0000028501602,0.000017625101,0.000018429126,0.0000018914195,0.000020855967,0.0000034850625,0.000058742895,0.99910563,0.0000273085,0.000025085776,0.000711374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041737726,0.00003273363,0.00057418994,0.0000023321732,0.0000050816343,0.000068209534,0.000006814793,0.0016384729,0.9969643,0.000022588863,0.00067748444,0.0000036357176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005120348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013750801,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006578126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002907856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024751757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002200663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408360070","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132469","title":"NOM foulant−hypochlorite interactions impact PVDF UF membrane ageing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hypochlorite; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ageing; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01278004461294911,"score_gpt":0.3127417352594698,"score_spread":0.2999616906465207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408360070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995628,0.0016019045,0.001628882,0.00007317156,0.000037070233,0.000021379094,0.00024002149,0.000041197844,0.000728543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966246,0.0009313565,0.0010605456,0.000064420215,0.0000072732464,0.000017175276,0.00015798278,0.000017186909,0.0011195319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995573,0.000050865765,0.000038526807,0.000073604875,0.00017858177,0.00010113955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993135,0.00020340644,0.00017504374,0.000028800921,0.00024041535,0.000038886086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004478116,0.00039453385,0.00032877887,0.00025300097,0.00027991217,0.0004853987,0.00021007028,0.00071923475,0.0013978359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009031756,0.00018057159,0.00050607824,0.00016318516,0.00021512309,0.0005705783,0.00031769017,0.0005439156,0.00023094362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086032356,0.000019590752,0.001429909,0.00012516452,0.000015788326,0.000043367923,0.000050620638,0.00026099116,0.9951133,0.000029079994,0.000065533655,0.0027606178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045011334,0.00030050572,0.012929172,0.000012546855,0.000040732106,0.00007052039,0.000091220405,0.0017427377,0.9830881,0.000032846954,0.0016710191,0.000016092454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036411365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044207512,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036411365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004613195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033282788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007239878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408470420","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144304","title":"Optimization of carbon membrane performance in reverse osmosis systems for reducing salinity, nitrates, phosphates, and ammonia in aquaculture wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Salinity; Ammonia; Environmental science; Chemistry; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.019801287433316484,"score_gpt":0.2624825344537804,"score_spread":0.2426812470204639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408470420","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0018865019,0.99675214,0.00043297754,0.00007908295,0.000069396694,0.00000786502,0.000028504961,0.000009927803,0.0007336898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0064778947,0.99184275,0.000749604,0.000074227006,0.00004301558,0.00000989149,0.00006976621,0.0000028350755,0.000729956],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998017,0.00002019769,0.000019556159,0.000037409336,0.000099097706,0.000022143888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998343,0.00006054771,0.000039397644,0.0000055747278,0.00005084101,0.000009233501],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005710639,0.0010936147,0.0014063529,0.0011888099,0.00015936303,0.0006967129,0.00086557475,0.00088744593,0.0010493181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036505802,0.0003159826,0.0006932545,0.0020656853,0.00023922202,0.00078362017,0.00037834005,0.00079197815,0.00064370525],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023152669,0.00021813069,0.0002349026,0.035849184,0.0003583265,0.00017271824,0.00004157471,0.001822704,0.045679968,0.0022792362,0.005649315,0.9074624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015472251,0.0014821023,0.005360841,0.0069492464,0.001874813,0.0013588568,0.00012739199,0.0025544474,0.081365846,0.0021852162,0.89641386,0.00017260364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013440595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021855026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014063529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045485498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006044651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035102963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408490714","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.123978","title":"On the role of crystal-liquid interfacial energy in determining scaling, nucleation and crystal growth in membrane distillation crystallisation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; European Research Council","keywords":"Nucleation; Crystallization; Membrane distillation; Scaling; Crystal growth; Membrane; Materials science; Crystal (programming language); Chemical engineering; Chemical physics; Surface energy; Crystallography; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Computer science; Physics; Composite material; Desalination; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007656494772022988,"score_gpt":0.2339029460378937,"score_spread":0.2262464512658707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408490714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9291954,0.014098809,0.048783537,0.0005592265,0.00006637145,0.00007382391,0.00020385419,0.00012296472,0.006896032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99169415,0.003180765,0.004104548,0.000039761704,0.000010753219,0.000024237188,0.000064848784,0.000032195436,0.00084877695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996296,0.000056029865,0.000020657222,0.00008987579,0.00015912893,0.000044814275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989102,0.00078778825,0.00009389692,0.000034658366,0.00014868774,0.000024646572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008768201,0.00032407418,0.00038927383,0.00040850646,0.00034459934,0.00066716346,0.00038995408,0.00041832527,0.0009453551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015474742,0.0002892808,0.0003598011,0.00041334762,0.0005857495,0.0010216497,0.00042517672,0.00087615824,0.00020844063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025908943,0.00008820456,0.0062574022,0.0007135292,0.0000445602,0.0003813563,0.00023599653,0.015397288,0.9357576,0.006833216,0.00023263751,0.033799127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000063767075,0.00013421614,0.009880146,0.000058197318,0.000036413152,0.000119375334,0.000121911275,0.084298044,0.9001786,0.0030747326,0.0020431052,0.000048900514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031501271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022447244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031501271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007102212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038673365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062636137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408851903","doi":"10.52843/cassyni.zjwy55","title":"Micronaut: Sphingomonas desiccabilis for Space Mining and Sustainable Space Development","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Space (punctuation); Sustainable development; Sphingomonas; Computer science; Business; Geology; Biology; Ecology; Paleontology; Bacteria; Pseudomonas","score_opus":0.01640999910957427,"score_gpt":0.25654568024998814,"score_spread":0.24013568114041386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408851903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77114004,0.06755568,0.03286356,0.015855547,0.0032969373,0.0013851044,0.02425722,0.0056302054,0.078015625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9282699,0.01094369,0.021591978,0.0012405983,0.00020436615,0.0005852651,0.012151738,0.00021062512,0.024801776],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994306,0.00007444879,0.00006142901,0.00012482019,0.0002152052,0.000093507486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997353,0.00003605106,0.00007158972,0.000030863906,0.00008177845,0.00004445386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044815877,0.0012986294,0.0006014368,0.0007173079,0.00039335317,0.0009502473,0.0003920653,0.0010699847,0.0060441294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006664723,0.00017176553,0.0005001127,0.00069692044,0.00027752618,0.0007195738,0.0015843252,0.0010029696,0.00388166],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003268208,0.00012980039,0.0022358508,0.0009716484,0.000028593146,0.0004701074,0.00009522463,0.0002072227,0.94190764,0.00070043065,0.003029621,0.049897008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011286971,0.0012695555,0.021587523,0.0002889747,0.00013668963,0.0030478167,0.00051487604,0.0018456446,0.7825837,0.0016595006,0.18688111,0.00007176666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012404699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016060797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060441294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061957084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000999217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020219624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408958964","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102777","title":"Effectiveness of Lignocellulose Nanofibers (LNCFS) for removing nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate from Gamishan wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquaculture Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nitrate; Nitrite; Phosphate; Wastewater; Nanofiber; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006193143125788196,"score_gpt":0.23379093168294088,"score_spread":0.22759778855715268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408958964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99858785,0.000503489,0.00043304788,0.00002208402,0.0000042474894,0.000009563315,0.000021054178,0.000006786433,0.00041193195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947149,0.00091000315,0.0031041217,0.00003521849,0.0000040158975,0.00001660399,0.00007758617,0.0000042284423,0.0011332822],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998313,0.000030386442,0.000015902851,0.000030616735,0.000059099388,0.00003262605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999187,0.000016325337,0.000021148511,0.000005305644,0.000027308733,0.0000112325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027979267,0.00034016382,0.00026440923,0.00032090134,0.00027343945,0.0002667463,0.0001671243,0.00028019282,0.00034682764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020035951,0.00011153135,0.00033599752,0.00019669924,0.00015158328,0.00030297745,0.000234873,0.00021134542,0.000090141715],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069986214,0.000036267702,0.001419046,0.00020722806,0.000014150127,0.000094434596,0.0000564444,0.0003742214,0.990858,0.000024472998,0.000020905632,0.0068248184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000063482707,0.0006647705,0.01587647,0.000026325226,0.000043183474,0.00019999854,0.00018702798,0.0017314928,0.9798702,0.000028764804,0.0013479794,0.000017396544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003557722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013486909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003557722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018418841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002670471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0070739985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408973501","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00454-6","title":"Development of an EOR-produced petroleum wastewater treatment system through integrated polyacrylonitrile membrane and ZrO2/sericin technologies: revelation of interactive mechanism based on synchrotron and XDLVO analyses","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of British Columbia; University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Sericin; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Wastewater; Materials science; Waste management; Engineering; SILK; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02095867155343907,"score_gpt":0.2787682641060885,"score_spread":0.25780959255264946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408973501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96175575,0.0014381175,0.034661096,0.00014088854,0.000038048674,0.0000879457,0.00022201015,0.00039338862,0.0012626826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9560834,0.0013695776,0.04031771,0.000046365276,0.0000077012655,0.00005678842,0.0002172182,0.00003322329,0.0018679034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998503,0.000015708765,0.000016639393,0.000031953015,0.00006138891,0.000023914727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999249,0.0000057815787,0.00003045831,0.0000063544258,0.00001791262,0.000014531976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031093313,0.0005021943,0.00038667113,0.00025535873,0.00013540544,0.00038763942,0.00032042625,0.00044085688,0.00022813267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011977536,0.00021780137,0.00047074675,0.00021659322,0.00017744422,0.0004803506,0.00026375608,0.0004250801,0.00019077625],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011418286,0.000009603413,0.000067286055,0.000027787548,0.0000027429821,0.000026127918,0.000004925263,0.00008642808,0.9989348,0.00003115841,0.0000061163105,0.00079156074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036173144,0.00006236284,0.0006764398,0.000002459226,0.000008005281,0.000048384176,0.0000085571655,0.0013583397,0.99732745,0.00000796256,0.0004922347,0.000004303749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067161635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011207573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00067161635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002725332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019773245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409194069","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00460-8","title":"Integrated emulsion separation and fog collection with functionalized Janus wood membrane for water scarcity solutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Government of Jiangsu Province","keywords":"Janus; Emulsion; Water scarcity; Scarcity; Membrane; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Water resources; Ecology; Economics; Biology","score_opus":0.015776255202653192,"score_gpt":0.24498754924682165,"score_spread":0.22921129404416846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409194069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97257185,0.002184834,0.02142686,0.00018690362,0.000083635845,0.000055207416,0.00010917932,0.00016860121,0.0032130883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872465,0.00092674734,0.010435289,0.00006290503,0.000013584097,0.00003110374,0.00007224316,0.000015094183,0.0011965828],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999248,0.000007709663,0.000005649889,0.00001553298,0.000024845835,0.000021544625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996674,0.0000062204995,0.000007740392,0.0000030981994,0.000009123325,0.000007043091],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112432484,0.0002750194,0.00020228521,0.00020870334,0.00023126068,0.0002338779,0.00021214613,0.00041025225,0.0003955797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011837785,0.00011954727,0.00029266576,0.00011937356,0.00015440739,0.00055021397,0.00029136369,0.0003806451,0.00014506557],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001792275,0.000013097567,0.00008176383,0.00006318153,0.000006642691,0.00004842337,0.00001472304,0.00017149348,0.9966182,0.00025481445,0.00004674107,0.0026628983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046126993,0.00007506492,0.0005003434,0.0000059607482,0.000009694692,0.00007344201,0.00002810313,0.0034373375,0.99397767,0.0000856764,0.0017955747,0.000006575804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004859151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012118033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004859151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022641818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018817562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016428232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409359513","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.162476","title":"Comparison and mechanistic insights into the alleviation of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by ozonation and electrocatalytic oxidation pre-treatments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.004571081773187189,"score_gpt":0.2305934263645208,"score_spread":0.2260223445913336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409359513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844674,0.0037376767,0.009114508,0.00020719372,0.00005810639,0.000031101667,0.00017588562,0.000039181512,0.00216897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954592,0.0014328077,0.0019613896,0.000047538386,0.0000070322494,0.000009146225,0.00012442881,0.0000049885143,0.00095354725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998374,0.000015686646,0.000011176579,0.000020964202,0.00006710317,0.000047648075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998995,0.000026313017,0.000018507993,0.000007851079,0.00003916977,0.000008597877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020245078,0.00030801047,0.00026260913,0.0002363536,0.0001771445,0.00036088494,0.00024991712,0.00051955413,0.0004993218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023211625,0.00012243864,0.0004284779,0.00020156881,0.0002150954,0.0003778084,0.0001465426,0.0006082176,0.00008387998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015362145,0.000047333793,0.00052969414,0.00017620684,0.000017615715,0.000074880976,0.00004377101,0.0004117189,0.9920555,0.00055010157,0.000058912465,0.0058807246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004311382,0.00012766208,0.0030721598,0.0000062298363,0.00003036972,0.000059388938,0.00006776074,0.0015242627,0.9935226,0.00017029818,0.0014085568,0.0000065974486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012368673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022910077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012368673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026349595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032949366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024592876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409374001","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.116434","title":"Efficient removal of hazardous dyes/heavy-metal ions by in-house fabricated poly (vinylidene fluoride) thin-film nanocomposite membranes with functionalized Zr-based metal-organic framework","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; University Grants Commission","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Fluoride; Membrane; Materials science; Hazardous waste; Metal; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.0037508221519201835,"score_gpt":0.19226413402668532,"score_spread":0.18851331187476514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409374001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99166846,0.00055405294,0.006578346,0.000048780697,0.0000242851,0.00001562401,0.00007416833,0.00015795243,0.0008783118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992392,0.00033459687,0.005425271,0.000016549582,0.000006808381,0.000008393562,0.00006598762,0.000021052947,0.0017293176],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998661,0.000010738474,0.000009448154,0.00003253723,0.00004119608,0.000039901126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999946,0.000008488206,0.00001647952,0.0000058325068,0.000014924056,0.000008306124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014646508,0.0003561489,0.00027095046,0.00018281056,0.00020044092,0.00033403363,0.0003510947,0.00036038025,0.00042870102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013807307,0.00021141536,0.00035409423,0.00012220489,0.000113364236,0.00026402806,0.00018838458,0.0003131468,0.00023360112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011851649,0.000004935892,0.00003351698,0.00001554747,0.0000024431686,0.00001879761,0.0000063687353,0.00003532982,0.999302,0.000019530658,0.000009836115,0.00053983706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012718177,0.000018442499,0.00017727802,5.919547e-7,0.000004066612,0.000021593796,0.0000043774835,0.00040305278,0.99918824,0.0000033793679,0.00017606643,0.0000016091687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010359589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020357496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010359589,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024956424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021649657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020599365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409446974","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.116653","title":"Advances in membrane bioreactor for landfill leachate treatment: A review of characterization, challenges, and novel configurations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Bioreactor landfill; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Characterization (materials science); Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Sewage treatment; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009851486089960719,"score_gpt":0.22663568544275056,"score_spread":0.21678419935278984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409446974","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0020928583,0.99189514,0.0029129456,0.0004491083,0.00028709756,0.000023265913,0.000060382077,0.000034589168,0.0022444904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00559902,0.98932415,0.0032082752,0.00029235563,0.0002471208,0.000031159445,0.00010116894,0.000012201238,0.0011845747],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999223,0.00008346255,0.00011991302,0.00021174255,0.0002916276,0.0000702249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938655,0.00023002188,0.00010795817,0.000030950217,0.00020907451,0.00003539908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014629777,0.0014215627,0.0016960534,0.0026874267,0.0004826484,0.0018855543,0.0011970162,0.0016322582,0.0021314016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094751973,0.00076983747,0.0015072662,0.003321187,0.00059073884,0.0035024267,0.0007957739,0.0016492397,0.0013263734],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021487442,0.00037057622,0.00090348686,0.052033797,0.0002396398,0.00064657506,0.00028448759,0.0027213483,0.06937031,0.010618919,0.013702473,0.84889364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002674379,0.0008320701,0.0018515133,0.003319557,0.0003642315,0.0019140999,0.0003312647,0.0019575767,0.0354478,0.0033003143,0.95051104,0.00014377877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017155658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015992327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026874267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008742918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012126878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409498910","doi":"10.5006/s2019-00025","title":"100% Solids Elastomeric Polyurethane vs 100% Solids Epoxy Linings in Steel Potable Water Storage Applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Epoxy; Potable water; Polyurethane; Materials science; Elastomer; Composite material; Environmental science; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.009860416962037306,"score_gpt":0.24126569502197168,"score_spread":0.23140527805993438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409498910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5966395,0.052630465,0.04955829,0.0054206466,0.0019670934,0.00014387479,0.00072215684,0.0007787094,0.29213932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9144049,0.010469625,0.017522335,0.000647872,0.00014592914,0.00003181999,0.00026291906,0.00019473377,0.056319755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994635,0.00009932727,0.000034708337,0.000051467883,0.00029068365,0.00006029061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975866,0.00006730033,0.000049031845,0.000030850268,0.00006525511,0.00002888606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004505483,0.00035629456,0.00013785744,0.00040240597,0.00034299298,0.00080212526,0.00037372918,0.00095851865,0.0062634735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005216356,0.00020408617,0.00023263757,0.0004771461,0.00048191036,0.0009193255,0.00041044145,0.00063114933,0.0021147393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000574422,0.00014485975,0.0024216946,0.0012494606,0.000027653852,0.00095587474,0.00034746237,0.0029250716,0.7150251,0.028310757,0.01000686,0.23801084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021078942,0.0010418317,0.011304669,0.0002651822,0.00004471272,0.0021458946,0.00081543793,0.0015997926,0.7073931,0.0046304846,0.2706865,0.00005125831],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011497112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003730196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0062634735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029634166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023660887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020953357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409559136","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-86705-7_2","title":"Feasibility of Industrial Marine Infrastructure for Zero-Energy Seawater Desalination: Harnessing Hydrostatic Pressure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Sustainable civil infrastructures","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Francophone University Association","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Desalination; Hydrostatic pressure; Environmental science; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Oceanography; Environmental engineering; Marine engineering; Engineering; Geology; Physics; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013498420396247197,"score_gpt":0.24434048498835134,"score_spread":0.23084206459210416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409559136","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09437962,0.0055026496,0.024881516,0.0038584515,0.00038176656,0.000077009565,0.00021058838,0.00023484364,0.8704735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8119439,0.008378902,0.018299533,0.0003401656,0.00012887402,0.000067903544,0.00033636935,0.00010262051,0.1604018],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985754,0.00001824404,0.000002373772,0.000018874938,0.00007775921,0.000025215484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992967,0.00002687401,0.0000038059293,0.000011935884,0.000018342567,0.000009319651],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030151277,0.00024302816,0.00011257978,0.0003271692,0.00048730543,0.0015389696,0.00064541236,0.0006480338,0.010663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003260529,0.0001297023,0.00025577805,0.00036601108,0.0005872591,0.0018314386,0.00078855443,0.0007381436,0.0014093657],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018036776,0.00016557757,0.0015758849,0.0006406593,0.000016712778,0.0006647472,0.00041536815,0.00968416,0.090639316,0.5567703,0.018488178,0.32075864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000040340186,0.00045304224,0.003820888,0.0002226963,0.000032708194,0.0007689667,0.0012481181,0.019598374,0.14619061,0.12296996,0.70461917,0.000035159308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017183013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030518845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010040025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011570564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.035671294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409619328","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137660","title":"Facile approach developed for low-pressure separation of ethanol-water using cellulose membrane grafted with acrylic polyelectrolyte","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Cellulose; Membrane; Acrylic acid; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Acrylic resin; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.013301450171125807,"score_gpt":0.2802953023203735,"score_spread":0.26699385214924765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409619328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.750151,0.0047375015,0.2327167,0.00090681046,0.0004584415,0.00048368113,0.0004188491,0.0008531065,0.00927395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8621126,0.0037146965,0.12626915,0.00029173275,0.000065489425,0.00026098272,0.0003516709,0.00004421417,0.0068895365],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985385,0.000013831199,0.000010993224,0.000030335326,0.00005520584,0.000035824392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999589,0.000005548027,0.00001003869,0.0000057846432,0.000009374193,0.000010370923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021278771,0.00053925574,0.0004338562,0.00031381415,0.00045319696,0.00032424135,0.00044267802,0.000667043,0.0008181612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010021994,0.00024828478,0.0005087405,0.00021563606,0.00023904555,0.00049377437,0.0004080184,0.0011491538,0.00044254737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023364673,0.00003430738,0.00007541411,0.00012084159,0.0000122085485,0.00021267176,0.000034396293,0.00008869732,0.9941288,0.0008885585,0.00007733536,0.004303401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012501163,0.00010877716,0.00046658868,0.0000054311968,0.000014810682,0.00041931935,0.000020311098,0.00068654865,0.9948797,0.00014625776,0.003222546,0.000017299777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007336124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008671531,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008181612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003255075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00068433373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027370453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409787715","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107747","title":"Sustainable valorization of electrocoagulation sludge in ceramic kaolinite membrane fabrication and its application to seawater pretreatment for SWRO desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche Scientifique et de la Formation des Cadres; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique","keywords":"Desalination; Kaolinite; Electrocoagulation; Seawater; Ceramic; Environmental science; Waste management; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.005210708183737622,"score_gpt":0.24158641549320328,"score_spread":0.23637570730946567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409787715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98936975,0.00082342053,0.008403304,0.00009345854,0.000019590256,0.00002772384,0.000052790434,0.00006323582,0.0011466938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99365187,0.00049718184,0.004934049,0.000017305223,0.0000027759215,0.0000094283405,0.000036119913,0.000008269757,0.00084297685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989295,0.000011873289,0.00000968641,0.000023856133,0.000038194663,0.000023474231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999491,0.000007170366,0.000015920552,0.0000051914944,0.00001521645,0.0000072853386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001421361,0.0002758937,0.00014097353,0.00021064814,0.00016729106,0.00029689624,0.0001575265,0.00033043866,0.0003496197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013892647,0.00011067839,0.00032513347,0.0001214132,0.00020954356,0.00030396433,0.0002642439,0.0002780922,0.00017077],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001280385,0.000006829997,0.000093238035,0.00003756907,0.0000027736362,0.000031151078,0.000013142195,0.00014413211,0.998256,0.0000589267,0.000009046585,0.0013342849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001641317,0.000063882995,0.0006294698,0.0000020193472,0.0000052761006,0.00007358387,0.000024342757,0.00063335523,0.9975897,0.00001976713,0.0009532151,0.00000377953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005987646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024157786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005987646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025728912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028265105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018667579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409839283","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133208","title":"Preparation of highly smooth nanofiltration membranes based on lignin nanoparticle hydrogels and study of interfacial mechanism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Lignin; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Self-healing hydrogels; Nanoparticle; Mechanism (biology); Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010427717127689234,"score_gpt":0.2828478047370994,"score_spread":0.27242008760941017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409839283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9742096,0.0020286345,0.022450808,0.00013016709,0.000033636643,0.00003300078,0.00014703517,0.00007872072,0.000888356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98414534,0.0011059704,0.013929544,0.000039406237,0.000007658221,0.00003137787,0.00009301957,0.000011954347,0.0006357959],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999119,0.000008821644,0.0000075144576,0.000017829356,0.000031594143,0.000022334292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999349,0.000010979992,0.000025207097,0.0000047894437,0.000015549056,0.000008721148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002113287,0.00031874047,0.00018525508,0.00018876704,0.00016223939,0.00016504199,0.00014434697,0.0003280922,0.00024509008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016883682,0.00010726137,0.00034424337,0.000120667704,0.00012730424,0.0004085121,0.00020531501,0.00041847522,0.0000861061],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005760087,0.0000054286957,0.000042248557,0.0000364428,0.0000031018624,0.00002497874,0.000009057007,0.00007128802,0.99885833,0.000072537405,0.000010268025,0.0008606209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022963964,0.000043751195,0.00048546607,0.0000032404148,0.0000047233,0.000048023252,0.000010058898,0.00089376833,0.9979798,0.000035280314,0.0004900371,0.0000035276194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003641739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081943255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0003641739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022549093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013249287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016360283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410452285","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133539","title":"Advances in self-cleaning membranes for effective water and wastewater treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Wastewater; Membrane; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006160002427645405,"score_gpt":0.2695235070314469,"score_spread":0.2633635046038015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410452285","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08751375,0.7098282,0.1698849,0.0067366073,0.002237146,0.00009514451,0.00030787362,0.0005496348,0.022846717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.26218957,0.5927425,0.12522943,0.0016336209,0.0024534483,0.00012266771,0.00059990765,0.0001496316,0.014879275],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937433,0.00009543782,0.000049403865,0.00011077434,0.00030611455,0.000063943844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994287,0.00015362709,0.00007888431,0.00005623946,0.00024262533,0.000040023697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001304216,0.00073773327,0.00059586606,0.0008217624,0.00034271955,0.0012162762,0.000709401,0.0012328723,0.0018213714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000821295,0.00035923318,0.00063553307,0.0009928817,0.00046611458,0.0031727387,0.0009727913,0.001847688,0.0012244361],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012239815,0.0002191501,0.00081228145,0.0045060026,0.000084447514,0.00019518248,0.0002153052,0.0019106145,0.60291123,0.0371665,0.0057423706,0.3461145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018193272,0.00036633376,0.0017627178,0.0003357725,0.000098918,0.0006790341,0.00013779425,0.009341823,0.63575065,0.0116974,0.33973804,0.00007335036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048543798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006736215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018213714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065343437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009044015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00689739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410589491","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00478-y","title":"Dynamic modulation of separation performance in electrically conductive polyamide membranes with scalable fabrication potential","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Polyamide; Fabrication; Electrical conductor; Membrane; Materials science; Modulation (music); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.00510308588848298,"score_gpt":0.22821850942034855,"score_spread":0.22311542353186556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410589491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97863036,0.0020215274,0.015141783,0.00031039643,0.00008812666,0.000045154124,0.00018932526,0.0003172501,0.003256144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894265,0.001128125,0.00798721,0.00010352085,0.00001994251,0.00006614652,0.0001100306,0.00004737134,0.0011112199],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997733,0.000024828856,0.00001609662,0.000056778452,0.00007882186,0.000050257462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980956,0.00007293669,0.000048604754,0.00001383878,0.000037611964,0.000017348317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028192034,0.00047404203,0.0001818372,0.00019241308,0.0001745876,0.0004891635,0.00039872475,0.00052750076,0.0007750335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00054835115,0.00017056399,0.00019652078,0.0002281564,0.00037755852,0.0008189763,0.00039251053,0.0007843542,0.000279618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012308109,0.0000081048,0.000016851438,0.000028998398,0.0000015711663,0.00002625815,0.000012848489,0.0000667085,0.9989134,0.00007301433,0.000023674893,0.0008163263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003614705,0.00003910637,0.00015656369,0.0000035978562,0.0000025276327,0.00002731093,0.00000956017,0.00065226847,0.9984126,0.000041166175,0.0006468408,0.000004990424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002785324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005390042,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007750335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037817092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018469473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027438998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410762169","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100358","title":"Customizing surface grafting and interlayer functionalization for PFOA separation in polyamide membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research X","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Richard Lounsbery Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Surface modification; Polyamide; Grafting; Membrane; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Computer science; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.050135953949306575,"score_gpt":0.3699803548634814,"score_spread":0.3198444009141748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410762169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9837721,0.00095004385,0.014319218,0.000047761663,0.000028140039,0.0000515195,0.000075616816,0.000102708516,0.0006528223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793059,0.0008880524,0.018876351,0.000034543515,0.0000116150395,0.00004104214,0.00007858211,0.000024108109,0.00073974946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998592,0.000014779896,0.000014111309,0.000037204663,0.0000394167,0.000035313227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990416,0.000017994573,0.00003439682,0.000009528888,0.000023525412,0.00001039398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021697104,0.00059913687,0.0001809972,0.00021618429,0.00014326123,0.00027713669,0.0002150427,0.00038073308,0.000339251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031013764,0.00015649662,0.00037460792,0.00014024001,0.00017846195,0.0003708454,0.0001819699,0.00036722285,0.00020121165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008249444,0.0000055998967,0.000032542786,0.000016939035,0.0000020783975,0.000009093188,0.00000521153,0.000052948042,0.9992065,0.000010779803,0.000003518967,0.0006466178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013278808,0.000039396466,0.00035711625,0.0000017948895,0.0000054860534,0.000032298816,0.000007638992,0.00041624875,0.99885523,0.000006211701,0.00027366006,0.0000035528408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006441812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011123552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006441812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022418518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014242208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016266108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410773683","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121978","title":"Membrane-enhanced methanogenesis efficiency and biomass retention in EGSB-AnMBR for food waste press filtrate treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Methanogenesis; Biomass (ecology); Food waste; Chemistry; Food science; Environmental science; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Methane; Ecology; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05857044412734738,"score_gpt":0.33447126104952063,"score_spread":0.2759008169221733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410773683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99899095,0.0003076011,0.00038554452,0.000021160102,0.000009233581,0.0000027660199,0.000056805427,0.000018863724,0.000207143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987447,0.00018736697,0.00037741283,0.000007986714,0.0000021384922,0.000003642766,0.000076639226,0.000004581099,0.00059541746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998098,0.000028214617,0.000020648436,0.00002910608,0.00005475548,0.000057626967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999337,0.000013341922,0.0000132511295,0.00000569093,0.00002261071,0.000011396767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029325092,0.00031934117,0.00039038016,0.00017770717,0.00023656397,0.00041112202,0.00031918503,0.00041228745,0.0008803688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024267136,0.0001598054,0.0005201423,0.00021935231,0.0001276082,0.0003975817,0.00027230958,0.00045074977,0.00036223748],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042768833,0.0000606331,0.0003222017,0.000054201417,0.000013565559,0.000033343327,0.000020583213,0.00033995858,0.99653184,0.00003296335,0.000033859204,0.0021291217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005951639,0.00017800242,0.0014761536,0.000003733032,0.000015974967,0.000016742324,0.000022009048,0.0012614271,0.9968059,0.0000061767205,0.00020188099,0.0000060876614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022526036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027351284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022526036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033752478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022520474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044789314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410782026","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2025.2508232","title":"A review of the application of response surface methodology in nanofiltration: Insights into process modeling, parametric analysis, and optimization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Current Water Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Response surface methodology; Process (computing); Parametric statistics; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Process optimization; Process analysis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane; Computer science; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.053017079909607634,"score_gpt":0.4029777438317118,"score_spread":0.3499606639221042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410782026","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00017034898,0.9966503,0.0015737963,0.00020110146,0.00019469536,0.000010734809,0.00004203978,0.000018937884,0.0011380647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00082731794,0.99711895,0.001267794,0.00012468632,0.00012580623,0.000013679449,0.00005433922,0.000004949631,0.00046246298],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994843,0.000090779045,0.00008615812,0.00009749967,0.00020995179,0.000031315125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990528,0.00052033446,0.000110989706,0.000038849816,0.00023835123,0.000038730697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011781977,0.0015545454,0.0019190749,0.0036144827,0.00037081234,0.0012318258,0.0010263714,0.0014512298,0.003213839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014537984,0.00065506704,0.0010386968,0.0056452965,0.00053098204,0.0019800428,0.00079837453,0.0018162489,0.0023869718],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005351506,0.00012254628,0.0001564747,0.045176845,0.00016683768,0.00016164973,0.00008126244,0.0020811628,0.005591364,0.007799874,0.018760234,0.91984826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011272408,0.00020233399,0.00075581716,0.005954131,0.00022657696,0.0006406167,0.000054277694,0.0007272543,0.0020561782,0.003359349,0.9859525,0.000059590384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015349275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019970909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036144827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007281403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015313283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010751426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410877639","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2025.100460","title":"Innovative membrane engineering: Polyphenylsulfone/silver-doped zinc oxide for high-efficiency protein rejection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Vision Group on Science and Technology; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal","keywords":"Zinc; Doping; Membrane; Materials science; Oxide; Metallurgy; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02564809536655814,"score_gpt":0.317546069790322,"score_spread":0.29189797442376386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410877639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9621021,0.00253571,0.033669278,0.00017223442,0.00005168082,0.000043225646,0.000105736486,0.00020666455,0.001113339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833498,0.0011566073,0.013617342,0.000044700373,0.000012781626,0.000018911252,0.000078368816,0.000017098062,0.001704385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992514,0.000008004928,0.000005018996,0.000020393634,0.000027212354,0.000014287975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999597,0.000005383304,0.000014880885,0.0000027551346,0.00001142962,0.00000579839],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100346944,0.0003579758,0.00019027702,0.00019271972,0.00012455748,0.00034585243,0.0003136329,0.0003919846,0.0002940051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008855497,0.00010200256,0.00025395802,0.00016397549,0.00012794424,0.0003437074,0.00017451071,0.00027682062,0.00017915126],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000102522245,0.0000053899703,0.000044485118,0.000033412634,0.0000027330727,0.000020327227,0.0000031261645,0.000067128,0.998789,0.000034457586,0.000009234939,0.0009805262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033680956,0.000047338515,0.0004308867,0.0000018297634,0.000007997232,0.000084289335,0.000007373637,0.0014117947,0.99713826,0.00002320332,0.00084134936,0.00000241476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055672583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010628201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00055672583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026930295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016054582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019539595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410985615","doi":"10.1007/s40996-025-01849-8","title":"Comparison Between the Efficiencies of Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Carboxyl Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Copper Ions (Cu2+) Removal from Synthesized Wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transactions of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Copper; Wastewater; Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Ion; Osmosis; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011209363228457045,"score_gpt":0.2329719368400845,"score_spread":0.22176257361162743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410985615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99767524,0.0005125695,0.000923059,0.000028812918,0.000021727259,0.000007484404,0.00010057742,0.000027694634,0.0007027119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961528,0.00042604288,0.0014065539,0.000019517034,0.000006072845,0.000015107275,0.0001840838,0.0000109825305,0.0017787374],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970055,0.00003487406,0.000036958834,0.00005129191,0.00011737287,0.00005894009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997137,0.00007236187,0.000040753315,0.000020401612,0.00013284874,0.000019829631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002811532,0.0003208683,0.0002610982,0.0002939731,0.00022348113,0.0003040171,0.00033769183,0.00053857616,0.0007860958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043824833,0.00017521734,0.00044960805,0.00026405902,0.00014761984,0.00038245355,0.00018069871,0.00030311267,0.00022197633],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028966847,0.00003621752,0.00037119893,0.0001344982,0.000016402995,0.00004338379,0.000037455273,0.0004542768,0.99474466,0.00006810787,0.00006752715,0.0037365584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043925356,0.00013018581,0.0010331349,0.0000026473672,0.000014742036,0.000018047976,0.00001798672,0.0010338424,0.99732363,0.000009493479,0.00040807904,0.000003745079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018157554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031070316,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018157554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030390144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023330239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003610313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410994476","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04763","title":"Characterizing Transport Properties of Surface Charged Nanofiltration Membranes via Model-Based Data Analytics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; University of Notre Dame; U.S. Department of Education","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Data analysis; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Data mining; Engineering","score_opus":0.1554586979613175,"score_gpt":0.3198858990398379,"score_spread":0.16442720107852038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410994476","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26202962,0.0003131083,0.7329329,0.00030543367,0.00002412518,0.00013399076,0.0012317743,0.001830931,0.0011981744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.868584,0.00036499897,0.12914844,0.00007313149,0.00001040043,0.00016627919,0.0012800212,0.00008598279,0.00028668804],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938476,0.00014377927,0.000054782755,0.00013143681,0.0002456926,0.000039595147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987686,0.0006513639,0.00017012711,0.00018697215,0.00019801524,0.000024907826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001434167,0.00096469605,0.0006248364,0.00079473224,0.00031879303,0.0013433599,0.000606708,0.00067604095,0.00035412898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00343846,0.00022934834,0.00074925687,0.00051105494,0.00046032123,0.0017040109,0.0006597542,0.00083075766,0.00012636042],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003307423,0.00046980308,0.011354938,0.0005179636,0.00018876253,0.00014483323,0.00017253158,0.7012882,0.19857721,0.011536838,0.0006254913,0.074792616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058392798,0.00006706349,0.0008629238,0.000007437633,0.0000115278635,0.00002123672,0.00002366219,0.9590275,0.035792388,0.0036773025,0.00048631438,0.000016646367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002609054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00218593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002609054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009663206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014072646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007584691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411123062","doi":"10.1002/app.57407","title":"Investigating Performance Properties of Three New Types of <scp>UF</scp> Membranes for Carwash Sector Applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02252685136732481,"score_gpt":0.23864081327986095,"score_spread":0.21611396191253612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411123062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960687,0.0007191768,0.0024184324,0.000041934712,0.000015260426,0.000012188959,0.0001158209,0.00005325107,0.00055508444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961047,0.0004216149,0.0026918903,0.00002567094,0.0000053951653,0.000017277145,0.00012312982,0.000008425116,0.00060203235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998659,0.000011021806,0.000012062655,0.000024635945,0.000057769914,0.00002863363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998512,0.000026932552,0.000043058084,0.000010383027,0.00005055168,0.000017925931],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024289079,0.0003713594,0.00019237767,0.0002904869,0.00019515521,0.00036935433,0.00026799744,0.00054696214,0.0005090364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027783433,0.00013161107,0.00033758077,0.00024117599,0.00015438486,0.00043964738,0.00018159514,0.00035896534,0.0001730702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022325503,0.000007849091,0.00023121576,0.00004580485,0.000005103975,0.000028043396,0.000010652877,0.000083034145,0.99818665,0.00002786712,0.000028508222,0.0013228974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033423923,0.000077748955,0.0028862744,0.0000031031761,0.0000126208315,0.000095460164,0.000016448535,0.0007813566,0.9952982,0.000009201205,0.00081178366,0.000004560082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090303883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012255101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090303883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041341834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020354512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029995441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411138578","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c00162","title":"Technical and Environmental Sustainability of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Using Ce-NaY Zeolite-Modified Polyethersulfone (PES) Membranes: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cancer Care Nova Scotia; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Zeolite; Life-cycle assessment; Membrane; Sustainability; Wastewater; Life cycle inventory; Environmental science; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Economics","score_opus":0.022385836167847627,"score_gpt":0.30696650677523707,"score_spread":0.28458067060738945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411138578","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9693132,0.009052607,0.017747402,0.00034534803,0.000028308652,0.00017013239,0.0004026271,0.00004281349,0.0028975997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97467947,0.006726538,0.016500289,0.00008323741,0.000010740932,0.00013983036,0.0003981053,0.000014265784,0.0014474844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908555,0.00025935762,0.00006164268,0.00007443757,0.00041440842,0.00010455786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953496,0.00007015015,0.00009916097,0.000020038433,0.0002498502,0.000025909632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020168205,0.000959113,0.00055999483,0.00111477,0.00036401497,0.0015192305,0.0004996941,0.001283402,0.0004340583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009002725,0.00029439016,0.0013578023,0.00073843624,0.00034367933,0.0014139424,0.0007310354,0.00047342086,0.00014967589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007895064,0.0006126092,0.020725613,0.0012105153,0.0003320309,0.00050797797,0.00015875734,0.029611308,0.8472116,0.0016972659,0.0002878853,0.096854925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041052048,0.003429677,0.02525522,0.00016239187,0.00044732937,0.0003660538,0.0006396457,0.06359634,0.8948833,0.002023847,0.00903871,0.00011650646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024381625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028504883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024381625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00206162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014306947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014958143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411537638","doi":"10.1039/d5ma00355e","title":"Dual-functional tannic acid-infused AgNPs-PVDF membranes <i>via</i> coagulation methods: an integrated study on antibacterial and antifouling performances for oil-in-water separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Nazarbayev University; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Biofouling; Tannic acid; Membrane; Coagulation; Chemistry; Dual (grammatical number); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02280448421048053,"score_gpt":0.33887468322398706,"score_spread":0.3160701990135065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411537638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903172,0.0012512645,0.007373441,0.000055777367,0.0000269312,0.00002384664,0.000061209576,0.00006600734,0.00082422676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917013,0.0008228178,0.005662157,0.000039266684,0.0000105414665,0.00001723374,0.000065338674,0.000016816999,0.0016645171],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998925,0.000013066493,0.000006802347,0.000029772898,0.000029251887,0.000028673223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999403,0.000009064812,0.000020320014,0.000004378318,0.000017122691,0.000008878935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015485549,0.00035700193,0.00022299521,0.00012389118,0.00014050516,0.00027238848,0.00020254306,0.0004932193,0.00039411924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013917893,0.0001454577,0.0003337917,0.00010506256,0.00014159715,0.00033478666,0.00014760745,0.00031108526,0.00021270514],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026005226,0.000009049364,0.000019182678,0.000019282126,0.0000023510113,0.000007974947,0.00000501125,0.000019801098,0.9992925,0.000026522282,0.000009231403,0.00056297024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015098805,0.00003797768,0.00014642529,6.5564046e-7,0.000004595332,0.000017990988,0.0000021532876,0.00027900553,0.9993142,0.000004853633,0.00018911561,0.0000014117484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050848065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007394306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00050848065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023747493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016391015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017230511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411541404","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02816","title":"Facile Epitaxial Growth of Novel Nanoscale Ag-MAFs on Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Enhancing Performance, Antibacterial Activity, and (Bio)fouling Resistance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Fouling; Surface modification; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Permeation; Forward osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011890446578131666,"score_gpt":0.23078303147809381,"score_spread":0.21889258489996216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411541404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904213,0.0008822448,0.0071285227,0.00007064894,0.000023851786,0.000032128763,0.00014197265,0.00014433551,0.0011550746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867699,0.0006499827,0.0112785,0.000020659212,0.000011992357,0.000027712947,0.000094168994,0.000016953678,0.0011300534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992335,0.000004838086,0.0000062196955,0.000020225207,0.000027011407,0.00001832654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999349,0.000011704705,0.000024438314,0.00000773234,0.000014284001,0.000006867317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008502312,0.0003568694,0.00014481915,0.00015498207,0.00011450095,0.00021785911,0.00029063373,0.000408182,0.00026023109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012500296,0.00015136808,0.0001927866,0.00009255704,0.00013567542,0.00023277404,0.00016254348,0.00028297488,0.00019734056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044788653,0.0000040161694,0.00003052779,0.000011884796,7.980668e-7,0.000017652366,0.0000052062887,0.000034577773,0.9993331,0.000022888018,0.000008711014,0.00052605756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017816134,0.000026957972,0.00028225902,9.3141205e-7,0.0000019393365,0.00003308859,0.0000055807395,0.0006462566,0.99859554,0.000007228283,0.0003965677,0.0000019600402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010187324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020098726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010187324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000278115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016417104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020255446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411669664","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02815","title":"Dye Removal from Contaminated Water Through PES Membranes Enhanced with the Incorporation of Switchable Polyacrylic Acid Grafted on Graphene Oxide","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Polyacrylic acid; Membrane; Acrylic acid; Nanocomposite; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Graphene; Materials science; Oxide; Polymer chemistry; Fouling; Adsorption; Polymerization; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.007784788658339925,"score_gpt":0.21832861737403972,"score_spread":0.2105438287156998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411669664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952624,0.00047856214,0.0036554425,0.000048833634,0.000011761164,0.0000091435795,0.000066416644,0.000049144317,0.0004182832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911316,0.0007628912,0.006112356,0.000040022416,0.0000061570186,0.000016763746,0.0001109224,0.000015881213,0.0018033963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990153,0.000012317889,0.000007676368,0.000021400678,0.00003839934,0.000018766566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994564,0.000011992589,0.000017053262,0.0000048088186,0.000014426147,0.0000060289412],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014322926,0.00043826568,0.00020086468,0.00021760562,0.00011436488,0.0002328826,0.00018630852,0.0004298636,0.00040612125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016068411,0.0001629841,0.00029774464,0.00015222204,0.00012941778,0.00041980535,0.00020220925,0.0003017681,0.00016411909],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000114070635,0.000004391252,0.000040786657,0.000011498691,0.0000020638304,0.000012494215,0.0000042505085,0.000036280973,0.99936825,0.000011079918,0.000004504863,0.00049294316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013734248,0.000048539303,0.0004972935,0.0000012881798,0.00000409624,0.000017710134,0.000007159199,0.00053157564,0.99866605,0.0000100458965,0.00021249312,0.0000024189792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006171877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00096557784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006171877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001752698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013449835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013585687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412047803","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c04120","title":"Revealing Wetting Patterns of Porous Hydrophobic Membranes for Desalination Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Wetting; Dielectric spectroscopy; Desalination; Membrane; Porosity; Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Composite material; Electrode; Engineering","score_opus":0.007243414891440277,"score_gpt":0.26426680217071763,"score_spread":0.25702338727927737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412047803","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94231564,0.00044804398,0.055450976,0.00010463817,0.0000152181365,0.00003496917,0.00029554564,0.00022427026,0.0011107521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97882175,0.00046702975,0.020103637,0.000027577482,0.0000064679098,0.000032284945,0.00011998892,0.0000139143995,0.00040733954],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999913,0.000009331556,0.0000057490593,0.000020117539,0.00003766295,0.0000142250565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998745,0.000048808583,0.000038572856,0.000011261573,0.000016903672,0.000009855247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013776954,0.00025947965,0.00014410615,0.00025919333,0.00015417817,0.00026537347,0.00022605513,0.0003070901,0.00056849053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038155043,0.00013623288,0.00013071981,0.00019464176,0.0002681306,0.00039499562,0.0002707475,0.00036902472,0.00011260147],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012586099,0.000008275636,0.00030734192,0.00002084443,0.0000024666099,0.000024842435,0.000015826812,0.0009176663,0.99503374,0.00025619715,0.000020481752,0.00337976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029467294,0.000050781684,0.0019754027,0.000002991895,0.000003988362,0.000049842474,0.000029747378,0.018808791,0.97819144,0.0002920554,0.00058435847,0.000007702263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058108004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081148656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058108004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026789703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014710864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019437075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412184224","doi":"10.1002/admi.202500318","title":"Advanced Water Production via Point of Use Super‐Ultralow‐Pressure Reverse Osmosis and Cellulose‐Polyamide Thin‐Film Nanocomposite Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Japan Science and Technology Agency; Center of Innovation Program; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Cellulose; Forward osmosis; Polyamide; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0068112329559270445,"score_gpt":0.226839962464247,"score_spread":0.22002872950831998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412184224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9720132,0.0010392187,0.025132393,0.000083843115,0.000029829398,0.00004150092,0.000094335606,0.00022868495,0.00133707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979423,0.0006602267,0.017917888,0.000025329891,0.000009331338,0.00003743283,0.00008652283,0.000035472305,0.0018048339],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998833,0.00001612528,0.0000069895245,0.000026546062,0.000046303863,0.000020738587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999089,0.000016010947,0.000032276446,0.0000066543103,0.000023407787,0.000012793632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021092227,0.00042824398,0.00025655693,0.00020144468,0.00011093366,0.00030443099,0.00034716257,0.00037929992,0.00032858364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016615899,0.00020498422,0.00042543866,0.0001288064,0.00015599128,0.000474621,0.00030672463,0.00040434807,0.00024931427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008263149,0.0000058391397,0.000028125603,0.000018710729,0.000001987302,0.000024926841,0.000005049823,0.000085125124,0.999087,0.00003089282,0.000011424774,0.0006927303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002757502,0.00004052309,0.00020959394,0.0000014706368,0.0000036673737,0.00003791452,0.0000044408243,0.0010762761,0.99811196,0.00001018372,0.00049832877,0.0000028862125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043070505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006423618,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00043070505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026445283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015791407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019187331},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412323619","doi":"","title":"Membrane fouling during the filtration of swine manure pretreated by flocculation using cationic polymer","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Flocculation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Cationic polymerization; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Manure; Pulp and paper industry; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Biology; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Agronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.009097977094535286,"score_gpt":0.21869048483864256,"score_spread":0.2095925077441073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412323619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99941576,0.000152807,0.00025201883,0.00001605631,0.000010307132,0.000002997213,0.00001734648,0.00000508957,0.00012757668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895763,0.00015073495,0.00028015143,0.000016852553,0.0000065612735,0.000003258217,0.000048319507,0.0000039787255,0.0005325644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982196,0.000022963224,0.000010445133,0.000024423856,0.000044312357,0.00007587717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985695,0.00003944527,0.00003162463,0.0000067288556,0.000042241056,0.000023134646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028335012,0.00034723655,0.0003190743,0.00020283817,0.0004905115,0.00038869146,0.0002254301,0.0005651585,0.00048730776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033493445,0.0001531864,0.00035895934,0.00021285488,0.0002185094,0.00037413574,0.00015762178,0.00039770186,0.00013795265],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003173343,0.000031494394,0.00043975277,0.00003495073,0.00001248574,0.00007758389,0.00006236824,0.00014798893,0.9973074,0.000026635127,0.0000289807,0.0015130081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010760203,0.00040904564,0.0074694315,0.0000063357575,0.000023907525,0.0000805973,0.00009302234,0.0010477396,0.9904653,0.000018977362,0.00036394232,0.000011015163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004149667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038561893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004149667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003685429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041806532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008251071},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412371531","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00497-9","title":"Electrically conductive membranes featuring integrated porous feed spacers for superior antifouling performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Porosity; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.01118186177976821,"score_gpt":0.2363706597312315,"score_spread":0.2251887979514633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412371531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97869325,0.0032607333,0.015240716,0.00018715176,0.00008030755,0.00002573144,0.00016005556,0.00024325645,0.0021088284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98653513,0.0017199921,0.010371831,0.00006220153,0.000016200864,0.000020500915,0.000094971,0.000022130867,0.001156971],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984586,0.000019924593,0.000011839805,0.000037200163,0.000050615763,0.00003449257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986124,0.000036664314,0.000050441668,0.0000102247295,0.000028075203,0.000013357709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016069559,0.0005369966,0.00023754196,0.00020332303,0.00011904912,0.00037404263,0.00026519084,0.00060029863,0.00047734784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028664575,0.00018410028,0.00027757435,0.00015835858,0.00019080298,0.00052696606,0.00024423932,0.00046849705,0.00023217667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000096224,0.0000054747156,0.000042467927,0.00005387405,0.0000036821216,0.00002964281,0.0000054682505,0.000061042985,0.9985102,0.000034332097,0.000014175435,0.0012300139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014077888,0.000052543906,0.00044512027,0.0000039142747,0.000006436399,0.000072038514,0.000010691815,0.0006405286,0.99811494,0.00001615477,0.00063258706,0.0000036864778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019311628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052620366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00060029863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002176581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001238874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001596868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412454547","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110442","title":"Desalination systems for minimal and zero liquid discharge purposes: A review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Zero (linguistics); Environmental science; Chemistry; Philosophy","score_opus":0.029290047569619008,"score_gpt":0.31033565526533247,"score_spread":0.28104560769571346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412454547","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002686811,0.9988576,0.00019925766,0.00006358189,0.000089317386,0.000009709416,0.00003065888,0.000007618523,0.00047349828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009911674,0.99815065,0.00029216436,0.00009215118,0.000058085447,0.000009322824,0.000034224002,0.0000015353338,0.00037077122],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999762,0.000023299122,0.0000401788,0.000055627614,0.000089574656,0.000029242492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975044,0.00008423648,0.00006924287,0.000007932443,0.000069876005,0.000018266615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006238344,0.0016626146,0.002276135,0.0034555527,0.00028645727,0.0012165612,0.00090208254,0.0010065755,0.0029967856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048924674,0.00060183194,0.00095576415,0.0032583089,0.00037655514,0.0019098105,0.0009628622,0.0011476037,0.0013858053],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021587573,0.00023379514,0.00017391007,0.075151816,0.0003807781,0.00019176339,0.000067718094,0.00094056415,0.012824591,0.002150706,0.013864507,0.8938041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000706097,0.0004884821,0.00097451,0.007138431,0.001034276,0.00072508404,0.00009689354,0.00037390253,0.006425715,0.0010116113,0.98158264,0.00007785287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009298747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021022514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034555527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049304636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011925822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010025203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412489808","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119174","title":"Purifying the future: Membrane technologies for ultrapure water supply in hydrogen production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"American University of Sharjah; University of Sharjah","keywords":"Ultrapure water; Hydrogen production; Production (economics); Environmental science; Membrane technology; Waste management; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Process engineering; Hydrogen; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Economics","score_opus":0.008313287661654744,"score_gpt":0.24464321561032742,"score_spread":0.2363299279486727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412489808","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13341047,0.65316695,0.093930334,0.06388095,0.0031771623,0.00009799221,0.00043560943,0.0006307157,0.05126978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5528315,0.3560439,0.040975764,0.0051223836,0.001996236,0.00008340278,0.00039524736,0.0001330426,0.042418495],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997712,0.000053887223,0.000007444373,0.000035321238,0.000093191215,0.000039018298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998368,0.00005470393,0.000016724824,0.000010970542,0.00005801961,0.00002274192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010561353,0.00047649976,0.00034944594,0.00046078087,0.0009272237,0.0016770023,0.0005743149,0.0015333147,0.005143333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048928964,0.00016502751,0.0002909204,0.0006327653,0.00095076166,0.0052333083,0.0007765094,0.0014773231,0.0011334055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038915614,0.00022377737,0.0014382359,0.003185016,0.00006962343,0.0005245665,0.0005339629,0.0028964411,0.26993668,0.16598877,0.036672093,0.5181416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033073262,0.00038974904,0.0023094828,0.0005732347,0.00007651622,0.0009772892,0.0014550467,0.01299494,0.2573162,0.09681949,0.6269719,0.00008306129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012449856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023508416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005143333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013231157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092071097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017206192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412534698","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134432","title":"Constant flux membrane system operation with gravity-driven filtration and backwash using a commercial-scale microfiltration membrane module","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Education, Ethiopia","keywords":"Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Scale (ratio); Constant (computer programming); Cross-flow filtration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.011627273709418715,"score_gpt":0.2580835704371417,"score_spread":0.24645629672772298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412534698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96626073,0.0003221071,0.028683407,0.0001356073,0.00007647045,0.00023825187,0.0006659441,0.0021926775,0.0014247017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97633946,0.00021395407,0.020707736,0.00005943925,0.000020764459,0.00017336792,0.0005509558,0.000106247986,0.0018282678],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993955,0.000043278047,0.00006009903,0.00019083844,0.00022758576,0.00008275312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974185,0.000049412512,0.000021827775,0.00004157595,0.000120423836,0.000024986035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000582027,0.0006121732,0.0008806251,0.00050346996,0.0010450025,0.0007315403,0.0009003077,0.0008173535,0.0017190343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004562317,0.00025304442,0.00044518977,0.0004556541,0.00031949344,0.0008190508,0.00042256244,0.00053276325,0.0007494811],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034269688,0.00009324582,0.00092003075,0.000068573114,0.000012890024,0.000021952594,0.000039294042,0.00022795227,0.99114007,0.00007062097,0.00018297153,0.0068797534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003045437,0.00017105273,0.0028955636,0.0000030972728,0.000016174949,0.0000571434,0.000012532991,0.002500368,0.99322295,0.0000216967,0.0010548353,0.000014187105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0052033197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038116593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0052033197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009263001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001304475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010346055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412592317","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-40294-4.00030-x","title":"Autoclave Leaching","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sherritt (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Autoclave; Leaching (pedology); Environmental science; Materials science; Metallurgy; Soil science","score_opus":0.013540854924198426,"score_gpt":0.2409692975475028,"score_spread":0.22742844262330436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412592317","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0108554,0.018422365,0.04298577,0.0007471117,0.001243242,0.0002348283,0.0023984488,0.004200919,0.918912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0074656666,0.0057744416,0.007943148,0.00024263866,0.000057965164,0.00007055325,0.0014818293,0.00044677567,0.97651684],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962926,0.0000133320345,0.000014453167,0.00007081438,0.00024275435,0.000029468129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999032,0.000017879003,0.000006249477,0.000023645323,0.00004232931,0.0000067793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028483497,0.0011822691,0.00075738603,0.0014655195,0.0009767481,0.0013812437,0.0011510514,0.0008524294,0.08278165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027042473,0.00063148595,0.0006736966,0.0013224146,0.00037403306,0.001248182,0.001263362,0.0015981969,0.07231082],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008765984,0.00014408599,0.00019513788,0.0009517777,0.00002252599,0.00028628003,0.00023333917,0.00063892634,0.21892743,0.011701151,0.096603766,0.6702079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000073783553,0.000048858423,0.0006012243,0.00013400537,0.00001598817,0.0004265803,0.000045725756,0.00039252464,0.09567759,0.0024247104,0.90020955,0.0000157861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025808944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008030809,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08278165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000751475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009859777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27693218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412776279","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119261","title":"Comprehensive technologies for heavy metal remediation: Adsorption, membrane processes, photocatalysis, and AI-driven design","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Photocatalysis; Adsorption; Heavy metals; Waste management; Metal; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Contamination; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021345681901751526,"score_gpt":0.2763713989453111,"score_spread":0.2550257170435596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412776279","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14161253,0.03840597,0.79317534,0.0027930273,0.00031270043,0.00045188997,0.0006407702,0.0025325522,0.020075258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6020622,0.04018285,0.3369732,0.00076465245,0.00015874967,0.00060032454,0.00094166235,0.00027065538,0.018045697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995714,0.000029870995,0.000020013436,0.000069706555,0.0002574222,0.000051575007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998623,0.000024914136,0.000020983485,0.000017684331,0.00005827807,0.000015815758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000587242,0.0008903086,0.0008306471,0.0005513437,0.0006442079,0.0012288633,0.0008505912,0.00074682134,0.0012668896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003584452,0.000328438,0.0005439778,0.00060802314,0.000534282,0.0017118076,0.0011282456,0.0015416808,0.00076811906],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008906916,0.00016824646,0.00026155074,0.0010140322,0.000057463403,0.000035235313,0.000057475234,0.0065587414,0.8856351,0.014526233,0.0010501464,0.0905467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001835971,0.00029976093,0.00046534042,0.000040723433,0.00005001898,0.00010083166,0.000047487814,0.029526416,0.9224025,0.006995491,0.0400218,0.00003121951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010406238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027432004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014704801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014704801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014254188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010669112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412832550","doi":"10.1002/9781394300105.ch12","title":"Modeling and Simulation of Water Desalination Systems Using <scp>TRNSYS</scp>","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"TRNSYS; Desalination; Environmental science; Computer science; Engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.024068757194780036,"score_gpt":0.26597735964663116,"score_spread":0.24190860245185114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412832550","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30060202,0.0005673846,0.55902547,0.00079116184,0.00028752774,0.0005757422,0.010962005,0.015376755,0.111811936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.73466706,0.0012121283,0.2237384,0.00020161392,0.00007836017,0.0011960658,0.007918336,0.0018273422,0.029160678],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997987,0.000039255712,0.000014254432,0.000026229718,0.00008624763,0.000035234396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968326,0.00014579343,0.00003641007,0.000026605298,0.00008885347,0.000019010811],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042452893,0.00077127747,0.0007717557,0.00041875636,0.0005779631,0.00089950213,0.0010464336,0.0008772723,0.008000367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006909177,0.00050827494,0.0012565588,0.00047293262,0.00040425733,0.0007706287,0.00049119693,0.0007638777,0.0010263284],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027641956,0.00003592365,0.0007063857,0.000082508916,0.000029029972,0.000060822425,0.000049432674,0.9864551,0.0029064657,0.0029947457,0.0014435389,0.005208482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010147904,0.000011097893,0.00020858967,0.000007230605,0.0000059204963,0.000009767123,0.0000114223985,0.99536645,0.001177734,0.00040959445,0.0027769126,0.0000051503002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033086944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.027049633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033086944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008873372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015190092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.065788746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412832580","doi":"10.1002/9781394300105.ch11","title":"Pressure‐Retarded Osmosis for Blue Energy Generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Osmosis; Forward osmosis; Environmental science; Process engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.014579353244329355,"score_gpt":0.23691766914009854,"score_spread":0.2223383158957692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412832580","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2330211,0.21187243,0.3724744,0.010932731,0.007042176,0.00046141638,0.0015144123,0.0058718543,0.15680945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86432433,0.07154533,0.040766586,0.0013551608,0.0005352999,0.00020315581,0.0005860146,0.00022967589,0.020454524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997695,0.000019381854,0.000009861837,0.0000526538,0.00010813259,0.000040515013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999182,0.00001766179,0.000017197708,0.000009201926,0.000025446372,0.000012301095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021960406,0.00040890757,0.00036803453,0.00041471404,0.0003409438,0.00062447827,0.00051303825,0.00080687326,0.0041554463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035306852,0.00022712651,0.00035856737,0.0004925555,0.0004546469,0.0015644409,0.0008098844,0.0015125277,0.0022346186],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015398608,0.00013424616,0.00020768592,0.0016363878,0.00003104957,0.0003741093,0.0000870248,0.002455888,0.82541054,0.051741708,0.015766902,0.10200048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000056100358,0.00027617565,0.00037214888,0.00012248104,0.00002759962,0.00037592085,0.00004914509,0.017618451,0.7138898,0.009153911,0.25798887,0.000069495836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043832272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068599096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041554463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069009874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037409327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0139014125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412856692","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119272","title":"Enhancing the antifouling properties and permeability of polyamide TFC RO membranes via Ag3PO4 nanoparticle incorporation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Polyamide; Biofouling; Membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism); Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.017857922082952313,"score_gpt":0.2379654252542875,"score_spread":0.22010750317133518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412856692","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964786,0.00029614556,0.002058398,0.00004401802,0.000013555187,0.000007980152,0.000033964083,0.000052863197,0.0010144499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963559,0.00021707604,0.0017913138,0.00002148237,0.000005230013,0.000010366187,0.000039339397,0.000009291091,0.0015500601],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999107,0.000009776268,0.00000684744,0.000019665686,0.000022615668,0.000030367793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992335,0.000015444228,0.000025165684,0.0000061544843,0.00002205124,0.000007840971],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014133021,0.00028252605,0.00015979807,0.00014158554,0.00013533121,0.00022074734,0.00019696217,0.00039686696,0.0007657165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020876284,0.00013562589,0.00024911802,0.0001021659,0.00015367562,0.00038970157,0.0001267588,0.00030545724,0.00021477918],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004730651,0.000012332558,0.000048419577,0.000032004486,0.0000024890521,0.000022777385,0.000011177477,0.00008790375,0.9984084,0.000070438575,0.000020743199,0.001236063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019433983,0.00004995265,0.00027386745,0.0000011894472,0.0000048602737,0.000020076805,0.0000042248785,0.0005333283,0.99877936,0.0000091678085,0.00031904987,0.0000030282865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008198852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008883495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008198852,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019526205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001483672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025615692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412862722","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108237","title":"Steam activation of camelina meal biochar to remediate PFOA-contaminated wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass and Bioenergy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Red Cross; BioFuelNet Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Camelina; Camelina sativa; Wastewater; Environmental science; Contamination; Meal; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Food science; Pulp and paper industry; Agronomy; Biology; Environmental engineering; Pyrolysis; Ecology; Crop","score_opus":0.00858208571394684,"score_gpt":0.2291892717661947,"score_spread":0.22060718605224786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412862722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99511045,0.00093951175,0.003281876,0.00003770477,0.000018664377,0.000023617282,0.000054149248,0.000027189964,0.0005068636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963439,0.0005018096,0.0024432596,0.00003053556,0.000009958454,0.000012222758,0.000061668354,0.000008276495,0.0005882856],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998623,0.000028043094,0.00001091604,0.000026730417,0.00004010125,0.00003184798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994683,0.000014723663,0.000015309513,0.000004206212,0.000011778323,0.000007182861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016859086,0.00035390168,0.00035939593,0.0002170234,0.000103253544,0.00022201042,0.00018391063,0.00029432902,0.00067485974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020917169,0.00009806358,0.00055490766,0.00014024522,0.00015610123,0.00022881625,0.00019022949,0.0002099075,0.000169093],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009705994,0.00001726528,0.00018652531,0.0000825216,0.000010391003,0.000030001373,0.00001055179,0.0001579922,0.997635,0.000019858897,0.000008160754,0.0017447089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006010266,0.00034061063,0.0021794613,0.000004811213,0.000015020243,0.000050182967,0.000017264501,0.0011034282,0.99567956,0.000011240205,0.0005878899,0.0000045069196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004737331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010889678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00067485974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020718736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013002749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022577047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412880649","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124512","title":"Lignin depolymerization: A sustainable strategy to enhance the separation performance of biopolymeric polyester membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta","keywords":"Depolymerization; Membrane; Lignin; Polyester; Chemical engineering; Polymer science; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006342667628445136,"score_gpt":0.28659722992081604,"score_spread":0.2802545622923709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412880649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9448713,0.010276913,0.040594675,0.000442026,0.0000804734,0.0001253416,0.00019897423,0.0001884585,0.0032218597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97593963,0.0043806746,0.01675578,0.00017067076,0.000027052984,0.000050877297,0.00012442235,0.000026283644,0.002524581],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988484,0.000014944192,0.000009251508,0.000025670446,0.000036299345,0.000028934868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999497,0.000004598561,0.000020203744,0.0000047963254,0.000010848031,0.000009921909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019785002,0.00055217935,0.00018527679,0.0002820873,0.00014055609,0.00023808907,0.00019181901,0.00037664434,0.0005358247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010369825,0.00010840913,0.0003375272,0.00020231666,0.00013274667,0.00040975452,0.00024802473,0.00041591286,0.00026873124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005406634,0.0000143875,0.00003707068,0.00006873699,0.000003459599,0.000020481471,0.0000054691454,0.0000921404,0.99767786,0.000074742056,0.000020318403,0.0019800076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026124592,0.000052351985,0.00034172455,0.000004494483,0.000007127196,0.000049910657,0.0000048326447,0.00051941257,0.9972519,0.00002873989,0.0017335282,0.000003335525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042874497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087530044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00055217935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028215832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002049811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020471811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412980528","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134577","title":"Innovative crosslinking strategies for integrally skinned asymmetric membranes in organic solvent nanofiltration: A review of recent advances","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BP (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Integrally closed; Membrane; Organic solvent; Polymer science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.03177929414399867,"score_gpt":0.35874150446717185,"score_spread":0.3269622103231732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412980528","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013032143,0.99603635,0.0011336254,0.00015137545,0.00014234887,0.000015925105,0.00002719622,0.000018692845,0.0011713933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0036458264,0.9942415,0.0011057329,0.0001448037,0.00008914412,0.000019510206,0.00004520397,0.0000053066137,0.00070294144],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970764,0.000038751168,0.00004441284,0.000073631316,0.00009619632,0.00003929967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996871,0.0001397528,0.000074906435,0.000010767128,0.00006863209,0.00001885526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081398105,0.0013277656,0.0011941184,0.0019422993,0.00039689572,0.00097008416,0.00070469466,0.0011705997,0.002125774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063382305,0.0006324361,0.0011228316,0.0020254713,0.00041130884,0.002112014,0.00059965387,0.0013118758,0.0009821609],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014869054,0.00032969099,0.00041172814,0.09024023,0.0003110753,0.00080752076,0.00040551557,0.0027821525,0.073448166,0.010473451,0.01437564,0.8062662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027230755,0.0006827301,0.001156843,0.005075916,0.00054539734,0.0020869179,0.00020308804,0.001091497,0.035970684,0.0020079343,0.9510417,0.00011007955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093200523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011750696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002125774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052150904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006938295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00711143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412983977","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5380627","title":"A Joule-Heated Ptfe-Cnt Composite Membrane Fabricated by Solution Blow Spinning for Enhanced Ammonia Recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Spinning; Composite number; Joule (programming language); Ammonia; Materials science; Membrane; Joule heating; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00934830905295918,"score_gpt":0.2528844087447242,"score_spread":0.24353609969176498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412983977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869004,0.0010896683,0.009055369,0.0002669804,0.00015658476,0.000026050886,0.00019517251,0.0002297743,0.0020800428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99018866,0.00041894065,0.0067293947,0.000037172675,0.000021222164,0.000015741009,0.00009524983,0.000024957408,0.0024685932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999242,0.0000040103287,0.000003337832,0.000023776338,0.000028163753,0.000016563203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999515,0.000012044879,0.000008453692,0.0000063948587,0.000011524519,0.00001008276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117558135,0.00021648005,0.0003397326,0.00016417669,0.000476233,0.00020224992,0.00032060992,0.00073562196,0.00095626834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011351438,0.00013835788,0.00029413993,0.00015315236,0.00017288415,0.00033434137,0.00015439959,0.00045530396,0.00035504389],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021280985,0.0000033898943,0.000017824852,0.000017128328,0.0000015860214,0.000040755247,0.000005326587,0.000031157255,0.9992884,0.000031887554,0.000024034065,0.0005172421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003189772,0.00003975007,0.00057476084,0.0000016605501,0.0000037741843,0.00006201981,0.0000058782634,0.0006229014,0.9980578,0.00001759448,0.0006076424,0.0000030748436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064374204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009966785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00095626834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030407505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019097353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003199041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413001227","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124515","title":"Oxidation-controlled nanoporous graphene laminate membranes via intercalation chemistry for desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea","keywords":"Membrane; Intercalation (chemistry); Desalination; Graphene; Nanoporous; Chemical engineering; Water desalination; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0069160417205584995,"score_gpt":0.26043820629646397,"score_spread":0.2535221645759055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413001227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902901,0.0010855468,0.0056648483,0.00016101071,0.0000815859,0.000013341746,0.00009713211,0.0001924117,0.0024140566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969983,0.00031258824,0.0015397832,0.00003352752,0.000010122038,0.000006741978,0.000045699475,0.000012516999,0.0010407737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991584,0.00000965518,0.0000055618534,0.000014757718,0.000026974032,0.000027176933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999399,0.000011420774,0.00001754021,0.0000075067605,0.000015959185,0.000007620758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009806788,0.00028984566,0.00015574976,0.00019856286,0.00020594789,0.00023836008,0.00024816667,0.000365889,0.000737773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000107076085,0.00016822442,0.0002317624,0.00012989723,0.00015901042,0.00047173657,0.00024658503,0.00040004836,0.00023668785],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032019958,0.000011014653,0.00004525708,0.000052055322,0.000005534734,0.000021364256,0.000020946158,0.00013741852,0.99773526,0.00014969966,0.00007453374,0.0017148393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022448853,0.000039450006,0.00028282072,0.0000027232475,0.0000060358793,0.00001536228,0.000010871558,0.0011948192,0.99763477,0.00002843947,0.00077833654,0.0000041505677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039467306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016040702,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000737773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026697555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012048753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024681687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413038973","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2025.1647886","title":"Correction: Modeling pore wetting in direct contact membrane distillation—effect of interfacial capillary pressure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Wetting; Capillary pressure; Contact angle; Capillary action; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Composite material; Engineering; Porous medium","score_opus":0.0041733465926184245,"score_gpt":0.23194508276124723,"score_spread":0.2277717361686288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413038973","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07824564,0.0063319146,0.70442766,0.014406791,0.047173277,0.000475138,0.037274987,0.08966196,0.022002554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5593166,0.0027945174,0.31685957,0.003876813,0.002410415,0.00063085515,0.018136997,0.033660885,0.06231331],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980116,0.00031754418,0.00018046644,0.0005616069,0.00077309925,0.00015572054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9919932,0.002900653,0.00065833365,0.001302811,0.002916415,0.00022863224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025096114,0.001958641,0.0009504529,0.0018280544,0.0013906632,0.002546133,0.0036836243,0.0031864753,0.04245831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02308137,0.00075294374,0.0016280758,0.0019013317,0.0006373379,0.003294938,0.0022663472,0.0032884532,0.011883686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00070457935,0.00020259032,0.01510957,0.0029746932,0.0006511355,0.0015675905,0.00044276053,0.17759165,0.030696472,0.025173455,0.5199682,0.22491723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016602236,0.000117359916,0.005923931,0.00037593688,0.00013463145,0.00067483104,0.00020834395,0.76890737,0.031532526,0.015265421,0.1764929,0.00020074286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016908841,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015235008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04245831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014475031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035333182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14203727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413063801","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c00242","title":"Ultrahigh Efficiency Hybrid Biomass-Inorganic Coagulation Strategy for Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Agronomy; Biology; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.017003191450777545,"score_gpt":0.25750837368224677,"score_spread":0.24050518223146922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413063801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90167385,0.007100574,0.07905356,0.00032177757,0.00013138806,0.00010595495,0.00025093398,0.00032392406,0.011038127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9700042,0.0017412315,0.02343795,0.00010989279,0.000010983322,0.00005560541,0.00015969435,0.000024259514,0.0044561564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999062,0.0000094076395,0.0000053411254,0.000025492896,0.000036651454,0.000016936852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997926,0.0000026921757,0.0000055673804,0.0000014436685,0.000006243697,0.000004855724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010208235,0.00035211418,0.00021526199,0.00021156034,0.0001346422,0.00022128447,0.00024304206,0.0003905659,0.0006158345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068172056,0.00011804104,0.00020117212,0.00018087125,0.000098763005,0.0003569936,0.00029144148,0.00034048062,0.00033749887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002353429,0.000031657437,0.0000593105,0.00008644487,0.000009929651,0.000053471595,0.000010836159,0.0002926507,0.99414176,0.00038434306,0.000133551,0.00477241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008410177,0.00009764274,0.0003502465,0.0000057987536,0.000011665022,0.000097470715,0.000011066489,0.0041208104,0.99028534,0.00007910171,0.004925713,0.0000067435203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006338049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018149465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006338049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003408187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001889835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002472818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413096311","doi":"10.1109/iccsp64183.2025.11088765","title":"Integrated Spray Coating for Rapid Production of Thin-Film Composite Membranes with Improved Desalination Efficiency","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Pan Am Clinic","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Materials science; Membrane; Coating; Composite number; Thin-film composite membrane; Composite material; Process engineering; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010143857917557444,"score_gpt":0.24158631285726712,"score_spread":0.23144245493970966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413096311","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6898507,0.011351218,0.28882506,0.00029135117,0.0003323981,0.00021722155,0.0005355146,0.0019202698,0.006676245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82749313,0.0044831885,0.16230841,0.00012856541,0.00006440614,0.00011936006,0.00038663315,0.00016337007,0.004852899],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979085,0.000014924472,0.000011602149,0.000039631977,0.00011749457,0.000025582254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999871,0.00002181534,0.000028128945,0.000012784658,0.000053453427,0.000012785341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023415837,0.00037368713,0.00032081935,0.0003908387,0.00016119298,0.00024466796,0.00039462413,0.00044725425,0.0014161115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002293958,0.00020945248,0.000415454,0.00022817162,0.00013758744,0.00041041244,0.00025164775,0.0005438998,0.00055240124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007895501,0.0000036475558,0.000017146112,0.000040900486,0.0000031214197,0.000016022375,0.000004429186,0.000040241852,0.99784005,0.00006000131,0.000034335175,0.0019322897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030463705,0.00004397356,0.0001789597,0.0000023883067,0.000007406356,0.00006806447,0.0000024697615,0.001006551,0.99700564,0.000016163705,0.0016617819,0.0000036526685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055469107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010006413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014161115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031559542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024728637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004737377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413109994","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119293","title":"Enhancing energy efficiency and water recovery in two-stage seawater reverse osmosis through advanced brine treatment technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec; Concordia University","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Seawater; Osmotic power; Environmental science; Water treatment; Reverse osmosis plant; Stage (stratigraphy); Waste management; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.008670021011451721,"score_gpt":0.26228791642308485,"score_spread":0.25361789541163315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413109994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93135226,0.0018932846,0.062219955,0.0001969684,0.00005238056,0.00006915474,0.00017127948,0.0001926649,0.0038520815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97959524,0.0011189935,0.017553477,0.000040153987,0.000008705767,0.000052083782,0.00011467971,0.000025608153,0.0014910853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957186,0.000043270084,0.000026830698,0.00005845025,0.00022283824,0.00007683507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998325,0.000041335265,0.00005144556,0.000017480765,0.00004745692,0.000009676832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003882698,0.00051858043,0.00046113576,0.00051869586,0.0001754176,0.0006203159,0.00048149755,0.0005797606,0.00078065344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042602,0.00022699272,0.00061363593,0.0006138781,0.00020995396,0.0013330353,0.00051643717,0.0005691248,0.00031163322],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011552266,0.00008343185,0.00070171594,0.0003103158,0.00001967459,0.00019244662,0.000027918384,0.0045533893,0.977962,0.0010447777,0.00013553644,0.01485325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015486743,0.00038516388,0.0017670693,0.000018447894,0.00002702425,0.00015001872,0.00004021229,0.019050615,0.97544336,0.00029853886,0.0027760707,0.000028035112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044654135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012533696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00078065344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033428465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000262812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002611518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413161314","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134752","title":"Spray-coating technique in the fabrication and modification of membranes: a review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi; Kharazmi University","keywords":"Fabrication; Coating; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Medicine","score_opus":0.017772145980544444,"score_gpt":0.30718972199266953,"score_spread":0.2894175760121251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413161314","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010886145,0.99495006,0.0028484527,0.0001200102,0.00017464194,0.000013753876,0.000023512892,0.000015864,0.00076502305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0034861476,0.9923443,0.0030591066,0.00011439862,0.00020214899,0.000017688884,0.00004233048,0.0000070428255,0.00072675466],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993788,0.0000757547,0.0000765381,0.0001714355,0.00025124734,0.000046288755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925524,0.00038850517,0.000110797264,0.00003871262,0.00017600069,0.000030712177],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016371936,0.0013811068,0.001554083,0.0025915008,0.00047715177,0.0012076711,0.001611714,0.0016919394,0.0012027445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00091696787,0.00069724326,0.00084676465,0.0037620866,0.0007717601,0.0021819212,0.0009009427,0.0014999427,0.0010772772],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013695068,0.00029421627,0.0007091271,0.033600375,0.00020639709,0.0004827086,0.00020225604,0.0014160741,0.057127897,0.0053275456,0.008167583,0.89232886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024776278,0.00056956674,0.0021821496,0.0031347857,0.00043861213,0.0031666174,0.00016848625,0.0013480866,0.07606141,0.0025130655,0.91025984,0.00013258694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013376315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018387027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025915008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006171054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009419938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008658409},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413262007","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5383469","title":"Chlorine Production from Brine Using a Novel Superhydrophobic Ptfe-Pi-Tio₂ Photocatalytic Membrane Contactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Photocatalysis; Brine; Membrane; Chlorine; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Materials science; Pi; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis; Physics","score_opus":0.019715704726522724,"score_gpt":0.2590990640100669,"score_spread":0.23938335928354415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413262007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98743933,0.00080972357,0.009123676,0.00021703586,0.00006133441,0.00004587011,0.00015546009,0.00031489963,0.0018327383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924637,0.00031184088,0.0039070644,0.000050759736,0.000013484347,0.000018471794,0.000066558954,0.000025747737,0.0031423948],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997681,0.000012480645,0.000010157109,0.000064504326,0.000103775164,0.00004102515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998969,0.000024289566,0.000018431903,0.000014662731,0.000029779165,0.000015866293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016347483,0.0003011528,0.0004990111,0.00017219056,0.00035464455,0.00044111416,0.000811146,0.0006791529,0.001143388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020218919,0.00018655081,0.00033235736,0.0001845752,0.0001908148,0.00044939408,0.00042410503,0.0005271163,0.0004603074],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003210645,0.000008068556,0.000034408687,0.000029485334,0.000001886202,0.00002595823,0.00001019187,0.000025872989,0.99890125,0.00002732912,0.000035680318,0.0008677341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005588516,0.000040947194,0.00018496565,9.796703e-7,0.000003134099,0.000029156306,0.0000050932663,0.0005781045,0.99878997,0.00000656449,0.00035254532,0.0000030245606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016018488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002103534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016018488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048674163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034859843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038250685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413376968","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02721","title":"Comparative Evaluation of Polyester and Polyether Polyurethane Foams for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Adsorption in Water Disinfection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyurethane; Polyester; Adsorption; Escherichia coli; Water disinfection; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Composite material; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.027181858277224785,"score_gpt":0.3049185097650304,"score_spread":0.2777366514878056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413376968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99245256,0.0030127477,0.0025858353,0.000072918716,0.00004738734,0.000039843075,0.00010818764,0.000059978214,0.0016205034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98903847,0.0021958987,0.00674573,0.000055166096,0.000021093174,0.000055012268,0.0001993088,0.000028405604,0.0016608362],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938273,0.00015518765,0.00006326621,0.000082713246,0.00021159995,0.000104459075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939334,0.00023463946,0.00009226231,0.00003061544,0.00018734833,0.0000617437],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061419705,0.00043876315,0.00027333258,0.000490086,0.00023062785,0.00033077653,0.00027323826,0.00052403036,0.0010568157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008248463,0.00023583499,0.0004064828,0.00030227492,0.00018698018,0.0004941581,0.0002620691,0.00025762073,0.00022636596],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002209352,0.00007819983,0.00031875222,0.00018468508,0.000016445501,0.000052198597,0.000049050443,0.00025269348,0.99258476,0.000041594958,0.00006247115,0.00613823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064232686,0.0012475249,0.0028857791,0.0000146120365,0.000029439114,0.0000792298,0.000060840714,0.0013502004,0.993127,0.000015935935,0.0011679762,0.000015037318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007358231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016464101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010568157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014937806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015798876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00353539},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413383391","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70069","title":"Comparison between the performances of <scp>PmPD</scp> ‐ <scp>PVA</scp> membrane synthesized by ammonium persulphate with ferric chloride oxidants used for Congo red dye removal","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ferric; Ammonium chloride; Chemistry; Chloride; Ammonium; Biochemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012499177891998534,"score_gpt":0.2265567124626429,"score_spread":0.21405753457064436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413383391","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966988,0.00095485983,0.0016186009,0.00004313329,0.000019827114,0.000009938638,0.0000918292,0.000042308613,0.0005206345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953478,0.00073623774,0.0026079724,0.000024458312,0.0000054411157,0.000018929159,0.00015822159,0.000019541885,0.0010813772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976045,0.00003571874,0.000031324013,0.000043011376,0.000084366286,0.000045043387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976593,0.0000676556,0.00005345877,0.000017655128,0.00006969439,0.000025562642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002874287,0.0003003405,0.00027011966,0.0002631274,0.00015849152,0.00031830408,0.00021184699,0.0005160061,0.000705836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000369919,0.0001606037,0.00037418425,0.00022611313,0.00013226515,0.00039420303,0.00016271671,0.00038276467,0.00026047957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034147044,0.000005776796,0.000054592278,0.00002996861,0.000004414253,0.000014802454,0.0000075124362,0.000032458567,0.99931884,0.000009188564,0.000009656652,0.00047867672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017282053,0.00009484924,0.00092379254,0.0000025473644,0.00000924052,0.000035034966,0.000011636393,0.00036546114,0.99826956,0.0000039476517,0.0002797244,0.0000023196008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058114924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00078210584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000705836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020646637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013465837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002361238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413472755","doi":"10.1002/adsu.202500527","title":"Electro‐Conductive Silver‐Coated Polyamide‐Imide Membranes for Sustainable Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Sustainable Systems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Imide; Electrical conductor; Materials science; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007306316787144527,"score_gpt":0.251879951120243,"score_spread":0.24457363433309845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413472755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.932431,0.015022515,0.04690668,0.00039507952,0.00016248132,0.00008464816,0.00015990491,0.00035046827,0.0044871685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98199,0.0031747106,0.012640109,0.00006371345,0.000018797344,0.000028672968,0.000077209246,0.000021562506,0.0019852323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998235,0.0000320537,0.000014512665,0.000022920201,0.000075333344,0.00003162864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999403,0.000010342897,0.00001696946,0.000004113485,0.000022390292,0.000005929499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003225183,0.00046378514,0.00023821693,0.00028545124,0.00015356166,0.00037918478,0.0002164101,0.0005584587,0.00044149757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019844816,0.00017522853,0.00040090657,0.00017710988,0.00013769533,0.0004988254,0.00021708879,0.00035170472,0.000285956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012725684,0.000009454978,0.000045465946,0.00006386851,0.000004654762,0.00002395816,0.000004382973,0.00024271374,0.9970943,0.00005782979,0.00003244446,0.0024082423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040328773,0.00009527104,0.00047554207,0.000008750666,0.000012125112,0.00006409733,0.000013867453,0.0024216634,0.99493426,0.00006252575,0.0019023033,0.000005691973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004140119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074518303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005584587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032275973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019982686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002341807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413914019","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124638","title":"Triglycidyl isocyanurate crosslinked polybenzimidazole membranes for solvent-resistant and extreme pH nanofiltration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Solvent; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.021802785883033995,"score_gpt":0.27964477267359195,"score_spread":0.257841986790558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413914019","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9688173,0.0015159366,0.026100263,0.00020835703,0.00009366718,0.000058740603,0.000120805795,0.00035775252,0.0027272445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909984,0.00056774373,0.005780292,0.0000483503,0.000011706175,0.000023286591,0.00010464332,0.000030319525,0.0024352726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998596,0.000014528394,0.0000082650295,0.00001937706,0.00006964358,0.000028677941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999279,0.000010339573,0.00002041303,0.000008468008,0.000019360685,0.000013621736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022811507,0.00024069428,0.00014620708,0.00014818579,0.00024287088,0.00024830017,0.0003090335,0.00038272585,0.0005633031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018074576,0.00012998644,0.00015315821,0.00012435738,0.0002130368,0.00039653492,0.0002750637,0.0006375068,0.00028627488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014778451,0.000005397154,0.000027005231,0.000011948979,0.0000013051251,0.00001647312,0.000011265038,0.000033869823,0.99884474,0.000090208996,0.000027459399,0.0009155774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027621456,0.000024123947,0.000439901,0.0000014023501,0.0000027331985,0.000032659937,0.0000050769295,0.00040462357,0.99849117,0.000013421174,0.000579631,0.000002473859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079457293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019217556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079457293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004561352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002628942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003309548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414036898","doi":"10.1039/d5ew00018a","title":"Membrane fouling mechanism of chlorine-resistant bacteria (CRB) in a seawater desalination reverse osmosis (SWRO) system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Bacteria; Biofilm; Membrane; Membrane fouling","score_opus":0.01989151701671732,"score_gpt":0.2897465344667928,"score_spread":0.2698550174500755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414036898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995396,0.00008897093,0.00020572117,0.00002002561,0.000004175521,0.000003949543,0.000036256923,0.000007680149,0.000093702125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911803,0.000079444195,0.0004150504,0.000010489149,0.00000156112,0.0000047357,0.000052711457,0.000002291162,0.00031571963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987245,0.000016878863,0.000008939744,0.000029704235,0.000042852243,0.000029159943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991286,0.000014768671,0.000016183469,0.0000069113557,0.000031427302,0.000017775452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019201884,0.00022112209,0.00024008667,0.00017665466,0.0002369703,0.0002478217,0.00031442987,0.00040312167,0.0004398138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016027402,0.00013750704,0.00020651046,0.00009717394,0.00014971159,0.00020189157,0.00014389264,0.00022999695,0.00014086698],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005274416,0.00001758743,0.0004876219,0.000018321132,0.000003858659,0.000025205089,0.000021643,0.00008606787,0.9986926,0.00001892399,0.000016379085,0.00055914174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000111026575,0.00030097103,0.00906246,0.00000519172,0.000015496835,0.00008956396,0.000078233745,0.0035190552,0.9866123,0.000021523536,0.0002742448,0.000009861112],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031201462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025475624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031201462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022560234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017156599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006204009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414090829","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124659","title":"Is there any pressure gradient across RO membranes?: Examination of the experimental data on water volume fraction profile presented by Sujanani et al.","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Constant (computer programming); Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Volume fraction; Osmotic pressure; Concentration gradient","score_opus":0.020710734751229334,"score_gpt":0.31311454269129874,"score_spread":0.2924038079400694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414090829","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96712923,0.003309853,0.019078676,0.0015375199,0.00009752983,0.00007967147,0.0016726819,0.00023756537,0.0068573314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921808,0.0017615266,0.0038607856,0.0003876092,0.000029278108,0.000030483927,0.0008079463,0.00005934681,0.0008821692],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949634,0.000070790855,0.00004423224,0.00013128936,0.00019056545,0.00006687703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984628,0.0007358668,0.00022924846,0.00017687601,0.00036371307,0.000031492116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011605788,0.00034539987,0.0004929094,0.00074533396,0.00056337856,0.00057185994,0.00076452584,0.0010036363,0.0021601152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030304182,0.00028393263,0.00037222088,0.0010492887,0.0006993395,0.0014654463,0.00028947587,0.0012289165,0.0008399536],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029152463,0.00007968433,0.0024111734,0.0002633954,0.00002380293,0.00014324725,0.00017946475,0.00028645174,0.9870974,0.00039319228,0.0002842535,0.0085465135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016857057,0.00039417937,0.018286392,0.00003725335,0.00004962083,0.00035471018,0.00038112482,0.003169839,0.9730867,0.0003307133,0.0038562058,0.000036382226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029692533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023403016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029692533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002441853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033495424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0072262883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414295600","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c13451","title":"Leveraging Liquid–Liquid Interfaces in a 3D-Printable Reactor to Form Sub-Micron Freestanding Membrane Selective Layers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polydimethylsiloxane; Membrane; Fabrication; Polysulfone; Polyamide; Polymer; Interfacial polymerization; Permeance; Desalination","score_opus":0.011661866709219244,"score_gpt":0.24948302486214866,"score_spread":0.23782115815292942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414295600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69818085,0.001115536,0.2864667,0.0002526906,0.0002028744,0.00017304247,0.0009999266,0.0047216658,0.007886678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.712189,0.00079058623,0.2817052,0.0001497818,0.00004978052,0.00022090488,0.00063280354,0.00031344275,0.003948501],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972576,0.000014358772,0.000017401228,0.00008790842,0.000119939956,0.000034670393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997404,0.00008179587,0.00008600179,0.00004871838,0.000025737352,0.000017318771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023877175,0.0005668819,0.00023776309,0.0003205231,0.00016064705,0.00061983895,0.0006850035,0.00055662607,0.00091216207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035245507,0.00041700262,0.0005355342,0.00014445808,0.0002729685,0.0005571274,0.00044617007,0.0009223929,0.001159704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005129144,0.000009132864,0.000036982918,0.000025060672,0.0000024874957,0.000034235327,0.000011534105,0.00025711808,0.9974597,0.00012167112,0.000042033458,0.0019948846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036448341,0.00003069473,0.0002457667,0.0000021052256,0.000003571471,0.000068046655,0.000004940272,0.002208071,0.9957984,0.00003286021,0.0015953906,0.0000064484507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025946606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072261743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00091216207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032086216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024143344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030514598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414300882","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70058","title":"Addressing emerging contaminant: The role of nano‐filtration in removing methylparaben from wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Methylparaben; Paraben; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products","score_opus":0.00977387136643285,"score_gpt":0.2137196018699663,"score_spread":0.20394573050353346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414300882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95180494,0.01308023,0.02605463,0.0012608697,0.00014754091,0.00007403323,0.00017721397,0.00018538754,0.0072151823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9774595,0.005131144,0.012970293,0.0002201911,0.000023150407,0.000032997195,0.00008772707,0.000015989397,0.004058951],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.000021018757,0.000007642736,0.000023639912,0.000057124555,0.000023479624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999238,0.000016323942,0.000015784197,0.0000047347753,0.00003016956,0.000009208386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022227645,0.00027411157,0.00022646482,0.0002890071,0.00034143726,0.00048810296,0.00022310409,0.00049562356,0.000838475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017583827,0.00008569996,0.00034146346,0.00015426391,0.00020005486,0.00062212284,0.00024779877,0.00031528628,0.00027769821],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007025465,0.000056269313,0.00071721827,0.00026482166,0.000013479879,0.00006775753,0.000025958676,0.00040093836,0.97904086,0.00023916589,0.0001716542,0.018931756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000056277563,0.00018854436,0.0023206985,0.000024143228,0.000021487815,0.00022970949,0.00006560195,0.002492648,0.9899339,0.00014870858,0.004557603,0.000011268095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024094952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003244682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024094952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041691915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003689389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047909617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414553623","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c05592","title":"Dual-Nozzle Electrospinning for Janus Membranes in Membrane Distillation of Highly Saline and Oil-Contaminated Waters","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"Chulalongkorn University","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Electrospinning; Janus; Porosity; Fouling; Layer (electronics); Permeation; Superhydrophilicity","score_opus":0.0073732200075387715,"score_gpt":0.24305650538966272,"score_spread":0.23568328538212396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414553623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9652343,0.0019400977,0.03088747,0.00013398827,0.00006749096,0.000053830143,0.00010354443,0.00018241684,0.0013967598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9734788,0.0008317346,0.02413817,0.000038064278,0.000017488132,0.000044739354,0.000071415736,0.000032690674,0.0013468763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998286,0.000019669209,0.00001693961,0.000045618894,0.000064006344,0.000025220865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998932,0.000025910043,0.000034511708,0.000011730957,0.000019902653,0.000014741195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024577478,0.0002926345,0.00020402235,0.0001964121,0.0001981041,0.0002751382,0.00022815725,0.00030109394,0.00041614307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002484304,0.00019997093,0.00019591907,0.000101172576,0.00022307003,0.00036508378,0.00038855104,0.00039054896,0.00017305075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071912336,0.0000030422664,0.000019752002,0.000018946865,0.0000017287854,0.00001655643,0.000008672562,0.000041216128,0.99889225,0.000034583423,0.000009896994,0.0009461253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025275124,0.00002752637,0.00032426833,0.0000015586498,0.0000026771802,0.000050208648,0.000007884603,0.0009076971,0.99815756,0.00001479291,0.0005003731,0.00000300173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002712169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007225055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00041614307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016474751,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015205637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013920665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414715939","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100583","title":"Use of polyamide nanofiltration membranes with varied active layer chemistry for treating pharmaceuticals of emerging concern from saline water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Emerging contaminants","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Taiwan Mouse Clinic; Pacific Salmon Foundation; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Membrane; Permeation; Pollutant; Saline water; Contact angle; Water treatment","score_opus":0.03673326793337042,"score_gpt":0.31246650122859887,"score_spread":0.2757332332952285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414715939","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99099195,0.0017202586,0.0059697777,0.00005834113,0.000022746557,0.00004760075,0.00011189384,0.000052907355,0.0010244398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98334736,0.0013159147,0.014409682,0.00005915066,0.0000076063857,0.0000431585,0.00014990421,0.000011691748,0.00065552193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997904,0.000028159044,0.000026405032,0.000048958962,0.00006611046,0.000039963106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998654,0.00002512828,0.00005051057,0.000009937323,0.000032761796,0.00001621406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035028043,0.00052130426,0.00024482055,0.0002719559,0.00020951059,0.00040200035,0.0002678258,0.0005824377,0.00023530358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033264773,0.00014750249,0.00056514423,0.0001936669,0.00020236026,0.0005342998,0.00027616395,0.00050301134,0.0001225593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018076811,0.000011154562,0.00010776266,0.000060953353,0.0000067505866,0.000019155512,0.000011340285,0.00006578171,0.99858654,0.000027060323,0.0000073364677,0.0010780402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036061308,0.00014754197,0.0008390837,0.0000062271465,0.000017666556,0.00005046599,0.000013861125,0.00027410642,0.99798596,0.000009650231,0.0006471084,0.000004738479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006074014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011640437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006074014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032779487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020273414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023783445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414800580","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124784","title":"Heterocyclic compound-anchored nanofiltration membrane with engineered diffusion energy barrier for Cl−/SO42− separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Venture and Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees; Southwest University; Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Selectivity; Diffusion; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.008257417418597106,"score_gpt":0.2561266033862019,"score_spread":0.2478691859676048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414800580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928185,0.00063565245,0.005380634,0.00009543152,0.000046286546,0.000014675415,0.00008933801,0.000089915135,0.00082966924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941829,0.00046411177,0.003690622,0.000046101788,0.0000096466,0.000015192523,0.00011370837,0.000013840116,0.0014638864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992466,0.000007209734,0.000004712818,0.000017405187,0.000023311759,0.000022535913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995697,0.000005014505,0.000011436033,0.000003936681,0.000011617652,0.000011054444],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012451153,0.00027334143,0.00022774149,0.00011926239,0.00019222622,0.00023058652,0.00030619284,0.00056608923,0.0005609556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011321052,0.0001226809,0.00026931864,0.00013882265,0.00013038208,0.00038385033,0.00025806276,0.00044286664,0.0002594381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002858639,0.000012154164,0.000026382526,0.000023898425,0.000003761423,0.000019905443,0.0000056284625,0.00007651464,0.9990439,0.00013131078,0.00003186601,0.00059611694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007557433,0.000087652916,0.00031401694,0.0000019175286,0.000009640309,0.00003517985,0.000008007264,0.0015318763,0.9970854,0.000028055394,0.0008843324,0.000006327637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069033843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009994883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00069033843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037703323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026319013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027355552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414823114","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100108","title":"Joule-heating membranes: Do they really work for membrane distillation processes?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Concentration polarization; Work (physics); Membrane; Scalability; Heat transfer; Mass transfer","score_opus":0.011987122044469507,"score_gpt":0.2679086284936596,"score_spread":0.2559215064491901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414823114","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3656055,0.010488727,0.60032713,0.0075633544,0.00066546066,0.00023724617,0.00038683772,0.00071842986,0.014007328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9489116,0.004701136,0.041006777,0.00043222556,0.00005012654,0.0002443633,0.00012579453,0.000113403585,0.004414576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974495,0.000055245753,0.000011348407,0.00004749881,0.00008809205,0.000052906697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961036,0.00018004517,0.0000515693,0.00006914397,0.00006509571,0.000023823295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010375624,0.0004530801,0.0007427279,0.00016915976,0.00031324264,0.0009879788,0.0009904744,0.0015739998,0.0014560693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021465835,0.00036494213,0.0007956397,0.00016819345,0.00078790996,0.0029852462,0.00048650044,0.0012910622,0.00051541376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036519772,0.00023122967,0.005370837,0.0018078488,0.00018746902,0.00032030675,0.0002833634,0.40164688,0.44409147,0.08882087,0.002049028,0.054825567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004704562,0.00027040503,0.0014489221,0.00011821055,0.00007540077,0.00012519289,0.00009447316,0.82277685,0.14788188,0.015909048,0.011188803,0.00006376433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011910598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011316922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015739998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008755574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008040136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006352663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414845051","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119492","title":"Chlorine production from brine using a novel superhydrophobic PTFE-PI-TiO₂ photocatalytic membrane contactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorine; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Wetting; Nanofiltration; Brine; Contact angle; Chloride","score_opus":0.02343958316614456,"score_gpt":0.26801125610658993,"score_spread":0.24457167294044538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414845051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638583,0.0011878774,0.031789154,0.000277351,0.000050680464,0.000067855355,0.0001912763,0.0004215455,0.0021560406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820046,0.0007164574,0.013756643,0.00008179812,0.00002087624,0.00003578208,0.00011799054,0.000038672613,0.0032272127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999741,0.000016157555,0.000013010378,0.00006204087,0.00013478706,0.00003299963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989736,0.000023419505,0.000028904396,0.000010460744,0.00002714245,0.000012733099],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016118775,0.00033151777,0.00036862495,0.00020207027,0.00027187038,0.00040041958,0.00061991136,0.00058124756,0.0009974104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021438308,0.00018104727,0.0003197674,0.0001688993,0.00019914875,0.00062183925,0.00042319676,0.000451727,0.0004314067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012673946,0.000005769211,0.000033726195,0.000023872364,0.0000018312384,0.000022670569,0.000009363318,0.00002596097,0.99885416,0.000035904188,0.00002442182,0.00094977993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004905582,0.00003319538,0.00017939862,0.0000012346726,0.000003160909,0.000063740874,0.000005569589,0.00076798815,0.9981108,0.00000880845,0.0008177285,0.0000035421979],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000811601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014711098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009974104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045567236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003061056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033367276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415300066","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169670","title":"Partition–diffusion–reaction bounds for thin-film membrane formation kinetics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; KU Leuven; University of Hong Kong; University of Toronto; Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Aqueous solution; Diffusion; Monomer; Mass transfer; Solvent; Reaction rate","score_opus":0.00791046904138084,"score_gpt":0.22165341029615548,"score_spread":0.21374294125477464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415300066","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.110604994,0.009016821,0.80899996,0.006132388,0.0009861229,0.00027982652,0.00077411265,0.0014954036,0.061710406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93815464,0.0039844043,0.0332353,0.0009779873,0.00054282835,0.00047106118,0.00077644375,0.0008649392,0.020992339],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981462,0.0006085819,0.00008833272,0.00043807947,0.00036720946,0.00035171045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97740227,0.018892925,0.0008044811,0.0012626857,0.0012464117,0.00039114768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062512364,0.0022390147,0.001966436,0.0023992644,0.0015768223,0.0036534343,0.0026774055,0.0026668261,0.0096644275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020705344,0.0011765503,0.002610598,0.00068213936,0.0028905526,0.010095908,0.0043152347,0.007294389,0.002452992],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008561456,0.00027364644,0.0005687055,0.0012224718,0.00016920357,0.00032494025,0.00038023363,0.17504005,0.1181388,0.67670435,0.004822092,0.021499319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027402055,0.000087514556,0.0004856255,0.00008942038,0.000077070115,0.00008171572,0.000044148124,0.8173476,0.06028566,0.11655793,0.004833933,0.00008204118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041241213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016336223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0096644275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038285642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016507148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.033060074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415315429","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135660","title":"A joule-heated PTFE-CNT composite membrane fabricated by solution blow spinning for enhanced ammonia recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Spinning; Ammonia; Porosity; Mass transfer; Composite number; Mass transfer coefficient; Joule heating","score_opus":0.00914289276635766,"score_gpt":0.27067867623232406,"score_spread":0.2615357834659664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415315429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758493,0.0010812796,0.020836173,0.0001848013,0.00006911739,0.000031645366,0.00012018578,0.00019440382,0.0016331295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98234636,0.00062414,0.014773515,0.000035849604,0.00001202074,0.000021828946,0.00007795032,0.000023268523,0.0020850035],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999238,0.0000050760023,0.0000042640077,0.000020578269,0.000030866842,0.000015372394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999455,0.0000117360705,0.000013265143,0.0000042029665,0.0000144951955,0.000010760527],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112988244,0.00028534076,0.0002930388,0.00013314384,0.00028530133,0.00019013973,0.0002376849,0.0006084165,0.0005459922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012276633,0.0001697882,0.0002742407,0.00011738966,0.00017856766,0.00038099632,0.0001529135,0.00037578377,0.00026248072],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000505859,0.0000022906686,0.000012580909,0.0000142536865,0.000001105247,0.000026555923,0.0000039771157,0.000039080827,0.99946135,0.00002507746,0.000010738756,0.00039806488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019713038,0.0000249967,0.00032156467,0.0000015529503,0.0000032909772,0.0000821743,0.000004820738,0.0007515047,0.99828184,0.00001221009,0.00051127933,0.0000026617213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058418815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011218318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006084165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003488358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022226032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002530992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415327078","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119541","title":"Practical energy-efficient reverse osmosis: experimental and modeling investigation for high-temperature water treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Produced water; Polyamide; Water treatment; Energy consumption; Thermal stability; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.02677348682753538,"score_gpt":0.29248906937813435,"score_spread":0.26571558255059896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415327078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95887625,0.0013345956,0.03543637,0.00022361909,0.000027421896,0.00007063717,0.0005750854,0.000131288,0.0033246889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842339,0.0013069443,0.013414689,0.000013517613,0.0000058595297,0.00005943452,0.0001980988,0.000014631546,0.0007527313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986887,0.000015513591,0.000007542249,0.000026692993,0.000060718015,0.000020688587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999861,0.0000454762,0.00002485565,0.000014847665,0.000048759724,0.000004953464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039413743,0.00036644822,0.0004335643,0.00017830242,0.00022688908,0.00034149716,0.00052278984,0.0008108226,0.0008827741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033968987,0.00020671554,0.0004868268,0.00040587178,0.00019533208,0.00070735044,0.0001727805,0.00060657185,0.00023459301],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025579598,0.00032397595,0.0027614562,0.0009862158,0.000033001044,0.00030099833,0.00012711047,0.19806172,0.78354585,0.0029184208,0.00061166607,0.010073826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003173582,0.0003867513,0.0018352149,0.00002173482,0.000022538283,0.000075901844,0.00006614843,0.5628871,0.43164364,0.00039003487,0.0026115933,0.000027648868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040016407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033574926,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040016407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006014477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003944632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007956684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415383732","doi":"10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.17","title":"Effect of MAX Phase Mo2TiAlC2 on the PVDF Ultrafiltration Membrane Properties and Performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phase (matter); Composite number","score_opus":0.03328525353638574,"score_gpt":0.35717258273225927,"score_spread":0.32388732919587354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415383732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99726665,0.0010053422,0.0009451492,0.00003318844,0.000016175496,0.000014057213,0.00013333093,0.000041471038,0.0005446363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959928,0.0009680213,0.001943949,0.000042844214,0.000008288448,0.00002076095,0.00014400623,0.000026005122,0.00085326005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978787,0.000034462457,0.000022832817,0.000045466368,0.00006139609,0.000047907062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980444,0.000050905954,0.000044889355,0.000011504357,0.000062785635,0.00002545634],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023897263,0.0004415971,0.00030900934,0.00019941667,0.0001549744,0.00033930386,0.00020081777,0.00040256293,0.00063454505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004089187,0.00015416509,0.00027114505,0.0002878546,0.00013890315,0.00035709268,0.00017901807,0.00036377902,0.00016988617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008765159,0.0000131252455,0.00007802678,0.000055071374,0.000006673535,0.000023762534,0.000009834377,0.000065078646,0.99888057,0.000009003359,0.000012109846,0.000759111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025386819,0.00009855219,0.00067205605,0.0000023963662,0.000008990381,0.000015372787,0.000007620569,0.00023880778,0.99865425,0.0000023616449,0.00029366635,0.0000033927352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012385796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018897266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012385796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021821147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018485276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024627447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415401354","doi":"10.3390/pr13103374","title":"Performance Evaluation of the Ultrasonic Humidification Process for HDH Desalination Applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Desalination; Airflow; Ultrasonic sensor; Efficient energy use; Energy consumption; Process (computing); Renewable energy; Ranging; Adaptability","score_opus":0.03632391750858829,"score_gpt":0.33159646546676846,"score_spread":0.2952725479581802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415401354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98349726,0.0014741732,0.013554222,0.00007193229,0.000035657187,0.000106830215,0.00016746289,0.000102033024,0.0009904926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982958,0.0011291587,0.014111516,0.00002892772,0.000022109834,0.00007938825,0.00019093134,0.000025618081,0.0014542894],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996737,0.00005010545,0.000025741258,0.00007818725,0.00013955541,0.000032679756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997652,0.00008057967,0.00004363661,0.000019530247,0.00007674791,0.000014254076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006102764,0.0003541658,0.0004921066,0.00021236308,0.00023277626,0.000342283,0.00040581665,0.00039147915,0.001067227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007427453,0.0001589463,0.00030095503,0.00020229428,0.00022154667,0.0004207673,0.00027596683,0.00035063323,0.00027563496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015105229,0.000039053197,0.00035886443,0.00014540512,0.00000854084,0.000024062296,0.000033549422,0.00037410832,0.9915023,0.000049235463,0.000035829846,0.007278047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007954414,0.00040248438,0.001348573,0.0000031725833,0.000013188347,0.00003687008,0.00002397135,0.0019007095,0.99539363,0.000009542103,0.0008545153,0.0000054650704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006632519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008304066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001067227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031180738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021575348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003570199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415405569","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70127","title":"Treatment of textile dye effluents using a new polyacrylonitrile nanofiltration membrane developed by <scp>UV</scp> photo grafting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photoinitiator; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Photografting; Acrylic acid; Photopolymer; Monomer; Distilled water","score_opus":0.011687248924712025,"score_gpt":0.22005056879345644,"score_spread":0.20836331986874443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415405569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9680233,0.0023623295,0.027301725,0.00015592015,0.000098675606,0.00004737841,0.00013410837,0.00021210397,0.0016644921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9719035,0.001543545,0.023181707,0.00009050448,0.000023196548,0.000037394602,0.00018001042,0.000028682209,0.0030114222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999083,0.000008268397,0.00000837843,0.000022118707,0.00003960599,0.000013343849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999509,0.0000053867952,0.000015864125,0.000003956183,0.000012976377,0.000010971324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017711105,0.0003973809,0.00022175844,0.0002043909,0.00014584282,0.00030324128,0.00019367872,0.00053258886,0.0003608459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008941513,0.00015300786,0.00044373295,0.000118080105,0.00013278719,0.00040750648,0.00014260132,0.0003888419,0.0002533766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000065213476,0.000008009767,0.000037331047,0.000025635656,0.0000022235556,0.00002175759,0.0000031287232,0.00003804208,0.9991166,0.000016287417,0.0000075991334,0.0007166949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038434514,0.0000542502,0.0010890118,0.0000034994891,0.000009398384,0.00013637719,0.0000052731016,0.00086592836,0.9969428,0.000010473802,0.0008747147,0.0000044224525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057308655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008512756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00057308655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003117491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015091352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002261877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415447226","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124857","title":"Fibroin/chitosan blend membranes for perstractive removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Mass transfer; Stripping (fiber); Aqueous solution; Thiourea; Wastewater; Downstream processing; Phase (matter)","score_opus":0.01732700493052931,"score_gpt":0.2766814637723134,"score_spread":0.2593544588417841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415447226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9714579,0.0043385085,0.021888314,0.0001995706,0.000060391936,0.00006575783,0.00007841374,0.00014650637,0.0017646475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809645,0.0028353585,0.01271824,0.000090929476,0.000017850534,0.000034482076,0.000083105966,0.000023694733,0.0032319154],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998982,0.000012625841,0.0000074355266,0.000024213206,0.000041877025,0.000015757336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999325,0.000012901326,0.00002379861,0.000004295292,0.000017653205,0.0000087638655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001605022,0.00042961576,0.00018626358,0.0003189937,0.00019986839,0.00019496848,0.00017479382,0.00048456862,0.000565103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001870572,0.00012723677,0.00028645917,0.0001777748,0.00011611504,0.0005070222,0.00019045344,0.0004054134,0.00016559089],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020853771,0.000012034297,0.00006376813,0.000050627692,0.000004676309,0.00003673981,0.000009844595,0.00009363801,0.9971083,0.000057449553,0.000022627446,0.002519536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033592837,0.00009240807,0.00065841747,0.0000043998557,0.000013444877,0.00009096456,0.000010856079,0.0013352239,0.9967475,0.000016324828,0.0010229152,0.0000043303708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009984676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022960727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009984676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003060058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002008017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002220273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415502651","doi":"10.3390/pr13113410","title":"Batch-Process Approach to Osmotic Power Generation: Modeling and Performance Assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universities Canada","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Volume (thermodynamics); Turbine; Osmosis; Power (physics); Pressure-retarded osmosis; Energy balance; Fouling; Francis turbine; Energy (signal processing)","score_opus":0.023662208685092664,"score_gpt":0.2801244308370764,"score_spread":0.2564622221519837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415502651","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20376904,0.0010441898,0.78657955,0.00027128786,0.000096014475,0.00028059032,0.0003944359,0.0006650877,0.0068998435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.904305,0.0009666809,0.088095486,0.0000380395,0.000035564644,0.00031777902,0.0002528525,0.000045128545,0.005943437],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983597,0.000028189828,0.000010992589,0.000036241432,0.000070566486,0.000018036915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996978,0.00018242109,0.000024312956,0.000017635279,0.00006907501,0.0000087838625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006365421,0.0006794688,0.00075511663,0.00029730468,0.00032674716,0.00059192075,0.0011371911,0.0010068758,0.0011372382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006990633,0.00030764448,0.0007746897,0.0003235216,0.00029160906,0.00061729155,0.00028019762,0.0006753677,0.00041265335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026032934,0.00016023473,0.0013328665,0.00023232783,0.000043662596,0.00008847855,0.000039323986,0.9402789,0.031282824,0.0029256986,0.00035843402,0.022996958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008009879,0.00008864737,0.00015847293,0.0000016563278,0.000008129508,0.000008551766,0.0000036087965,0.9928018,0.0063090483,0.00026037276,0.00034478723,0.000006980833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008639872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004603894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008639872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010420728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007885105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017179191},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415505094","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124804","title":"Developing and validating a high-throughput robotic system for the accelerated development of porous membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Canada Research Chairs","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fabrication; Membrane; Modular design; Porosity; Polymer; Stiffness; Characterization (materials science)","score_opus":0.039780645331639886,"score_gpt":0.29623838195769875,"score_spread":0.25645773662605886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415505094","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24621294,0.00077694963,0.7403867,0.00037329821,0.0002131936,0.002138807,0.0015870113,0.006508549,0.0018025177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21080334,0.00062668085,0.78411025,0.00010814622,0.00005079914,0.0014684193,0.0011511941,0.00023967923,0.0014414835],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99718106,0.00043570006,0.00022638995,0.0005408003,0.0013821326,0.00023394552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980381,0.00049626495,0.00029222947,0.00048040875,0.00054538203,0.0001476406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0046540517,0.000871668,0.00085131935,0.0007608863,0.0006804726,0.0011125135,0.0017256959,0.001237348,0.0013177219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004028529,0.00046107682,0.00086262135,0.00039513968,0.000730399,0.0010502492,0.0012839711,0.0011166906,0.0011192892],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008099294,0.00010835842,0.00048397953,0.00020365413,0.000033317385,0.000076298296,0.000062769584,0.0022805713,0.97706974,0.0005916299,0.0002652776,0.018743407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029104698,0.00045456798,0.0015879847,0.00002555234,0.000029014409,0.0001655854,0.000029709463,0.016960295,0.9726925,0.00022168385,0.007758849,0.000045260153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012517589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001481774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046540517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007155215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017811101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024613261},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415621634","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-11677-w","title":"A scalable and chemical-free strategy for antifouling ultrafiltration PVDF membranes via hydrophilic macromolecular surface modification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Research Management Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Surface modification; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics)","score_opus":0.017332573025489028,"score_gpt":0.2734684151349306,"score_spread":0.25613584210944157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415621634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88328147,0.0073872497,0.105941415,0.0004339312,0.000117506235,0.00017124374,0.00028244793,0.00031586768,0.002068824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94144225,0.0037370597,0.052481312,0.0001470075,0.00003074338,0.00011978531,0.00022233909,0.000046092646,0.0017733419],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998216,0.000027281954,0.000013988061,0.000037203903,0.00007010245,0.00002993266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988174,0.000016959924,0.000047444955,0.000010760149,0.000028564917,0.000014441274],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022493156,0.00055272016,0.00028581888,0.00022244542,0.00015368764,0.00026082326,0.00030792766,0.00056018564,0.00031348193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021966208,0.00015163532,0.00047044328,0.00018535047,0.00018964814,0.0004899867,0.00032574654,0.0007051932,0.00021346135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068990444,0.00000947558,0.00003385578,0.000049976607,0.0000039306497,0.000020860825,0.0000062390945,0.000080240745,0.9980374,0.000049266404,0.000016050459,0.0016858029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036785445,0.00008906741,0.00032019732,0.0000031526495,0.00000818755,0.00008214349,0.0000069485905,0.00060048734,0.99722254,0.000028738661,0.0016293894,0.0000055454284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045234818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062748406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056018564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033191088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021791935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024081469},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415751453","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c03313","title":"Dual-Charge-Switchable Membranes Using an Amphoteric Diblock Copolymer Additive","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copolymer; Membrane; Methacrylate; Isoelectric point; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Zeta potential; Methacrylic acid; Polystyrene","score_opus":0.014972699450895223,"score_gpt":0.2546838881889503,"score_spread":0.2397111887380551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415751453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94300675,0.003088394,0.050057933,0.0002891735,0.00009118707,0.00009042853,0.0002633854,0.00038707798,0.002725698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9444602,0.002150197,0.048692305,0.00011841653,0.000031568903,0.00008970521,0.00024140642,0.000039908125,0.004176262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998584,0.000019559242,0.000013435963,0.000040020364,0.000047616275,0.000020985306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999033,0.000017871336,0.000030366295,0.000008418025,0.000019073186,0.000020969303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013982407,0.0005054915,0.00021447835,0.00025085724,0.00013732976,0.00027005863,0.00020178956,0.00043699247,0.00053249166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001694741,0.0001928059,0.0002361221,0.00018100014,0.00015459523,0.0006227998,0.00032408777,0.00055516657,0.00036483223],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001295122,0.000006897232,0.000024310415,0.000016888835,0.000001889755,0.000015861991,0.0000029160635,0.00002929609,0.9989778,0.00006868151,0.0000079729525,0.00083446334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002939859,0.00003222219,0.0001870234,0.0000012913839,0.00000364291,0.00005321638,0.0000024444191,0.00037746687,0.99831665,0.0000202028,0.0010006704,0.0000022436043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019142492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003402016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053249166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025006323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018364357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018143058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415835405","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140368","title":"Forward osmosis followed by reverse osmosis for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern using a CO2-responsive draw agent","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Research Foundation","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Contamination; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis plant; Cleaning agent; Permeation","score_opus":0.02252579714215477,"score_gpt":0.299656244508666,"score_spread":0.27713044736651127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415835405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9594652,0.0021755048,0.03137039,0.0003773444,0.0002873468,0.000118325006,0.00029364246,0.0006194698,0.0052927653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97958827,0.0012399638,0.012271465,0.00015614546,0.000022704202,0.000026474076,0.00016728367,0.00004718623,0.0064806067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982566,0.000012620447,0.0000113738215,0.0000430852,0.00007129332,0.000036071273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999311,0.000011935777,0.000014125452,0.0000065215063,0.000025310002,0.000010980034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015894872,0.00042770768,0.00021944896,0.0002050585,0.00021290561,0.00034706877,0.0003958651,0.0004373413,0.0008639379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017585169,0.0002123145,0.0002595405,0.00019848262,0.00016261652,0.0003842241,0.00032677266,0.0006538473,0.00053613534],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043386695,0.000023457453,0.00006649337,0.00004021919,0.000004545189,0.00005766432,0.000010744635,0.00007653275,0.99695194,0.000089045534,0.00011439835,0.002521676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021402416,0.000037666166,0.00014077968,0.0000010026844,0.0000042161523,0.000037734444,0.000004634235,0.0006157225,0.9983242,0.0000069345083,0.000821401,0.0000035898163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015189325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003133796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015189325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024186795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004020724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030201077},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416029779","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-24780-4.00005-8","title":"Membrane bioreactors for biohydrogen production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Biohydrogen; Bioconversion; Bioreactor; Renewable energy; Production (economics); Energy source; Bioenergy","score_opus":0.015586220950387213,"score_gpt":0.23988857441018693,"score_spread":0.2243023534597997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416029779","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0046284264,0.10671612,0.041996635,0.0022477468,0.00325169,0.0001032577,0.0007276455,0.0009732136,0.8393553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0054063406,0.03569649,0.0099624535,0.00038259794,0.00020286978,0.000041814386,0.00039177167,0.00020723237,0.9477084],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989104,0.000007542704,0.0000046161476,0.000016684566,0.000070665665,0.000009392895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995995,0.000014463162,0.0000027269978,0.0000052504033,0.00001367901,0.0000039260376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020369113,0.001030949,0.00047803202,0.0012814569,0.00052457134,0.0021140277,0.00079036405,0.0011842569,0.05667748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013885496,0.0004629373,0.00054266374,0.0015967587,0.00025362216,0.002414902,0.0009579887,0.0013344034,0.044800192],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006215461,0.00013537277,0.00005750265,0.0010210441,0.000014626813,0.00031708335,0.00016586157,0.001119738,0.09431957,0.045801226,0.11270415,0.7442817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004323647,0.000025195532,0.000117694515,0.00021950057,0.000007828172,0.00024529177,0.000045384888,0.0006375531,0.016406035,0.006714108,0.9755676,0.000009515013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012248829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032595356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05667748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00083724235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004711611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18960506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416030352","doi":"","title":"Novel insights into biofouling growth on reverse osmosis membranes through in-situ microscopic visualization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Reverse osmosis; Visualization; Osmosis","score_opus":0.011901150326291961,"score_gpt":0.24750227316522697,"score_spread":0.235601122838935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416030352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80857223,0.0039103124,0.16307062,0.0014762045,0.00030519004,0.00013398779,0.0008288563,0.0010323697,0.020670215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9197571,0.0030063798,0.0656308,0.00017375895,0.00008807691,0.0000860028,0.00031673367,0.00025337632,0.010687749],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987817,0.000013461906,0.000006427399,0.000028695655,0.00004558693,0.000027717086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997861,0.00007891402,0.00004082804,0.000028636696,0.000050590686,0.0000149237185],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022125221,0.00042011743,0.00022809376,0.00031532295,0.0003144191,0.0008271549,0.0004489945,0.00060678495,0.0028750163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002570199,0.00026589746,0.00020286023,0.0002295159,0.00044263978,0.0010428886,0.00048804225,0.0009551093,0.0004602524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013692209,0.000009486378,0.000089643516,0.000056502584,0.0000016976733,0.000054015294,0.00006429982,0.00024320066,0.9967487,0.0006313833,0.000094175244,0.0019932832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006551248,0.000029831837,0.0012553177,0.000013203554,0.000005766214,0.00018490684,0.00014089284,0.006465246,0.98580706,0.0006271571,0.005453106,0.000010961058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083644094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094824034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028750163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046902167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017632247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009617925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416062983","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c17764","title":"From Coated to Uncoated: Scanning Electron Microscopy Corrections to Estimate the True Surface Pore Size in Nanoporous Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanoporous; Nanopore","score_opus":0.007168514435018607,"score_gpt":0.2950110432144683,"score_spread":0.2878425287794497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416062983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5205088,0.003106861,0.4636931,0.00036806377,0.0005921368,0.00016859689,0.001030772,0.0047392547,0.0057923975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6505934,0.0018602881,0.34020784,0.00032439682,0.000027889966,0.00027223706,0.000901791,0.0014460731,0.004366102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871683,0.00009435904,0.00009323118,0.0003006963,0.00070350996,0.000091412054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978759,0.0006833321,0.00023139124,0.00043215934,0.0007343633,0.00004292866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013592035,0.0007892257,0.00036749322,0.00078907114,0.00048191517,0.0008156081,0.0008871821,0.0007145202,0.002186114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045630825,0.0006505412,0.0004594101,0.0006638881,0.0005797167,0.0010959295,0.0006786715,0.0014192449,0.00062840653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000953501,0.000032627275,0.0023534491,0.00022292465,0.00004918905,0.00016711322,0.00020823178,0.0020922548,0.9651309,0.0017710938,0.00067059736,0.027206128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051552183,0.00004699051,0.004829019,0.000020407726,0.000027053125,0.0001748772,0.00004803623,0.017869642,0.9721566,0.00049065345,0.004309621,0.00002196134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022559694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042127883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022559694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000960615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00067495654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007313311},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416086869","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135998","title":"Enhancing starch hydrolysate syrup purification: long-term ultrafiltration membrane performance under industrial conditions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft; Technische Universität Wien Bibliothek; Technische Universitat Wien","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Hydrolysate; Membrane fouling; Starch; Membrane technology; Bioprocess","score_opus":0.021227137486968237,"score_gpt":0.28864275690209873,"score_spread":0.2674156194151305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416086869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995647,0.001253353,0.0024036167,0.00007190049,0.0000118636435,0.000018890589,0.00021737636,0.00006012813,0.00031583375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948302,0.0009099034,0.0030131359,0.000035166657,0.000008315798,0.00003392339,0.0003668896,0.000032071683,0.0007704085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961853,0.000049161263,0.000036649195,0.00008853341,0.00013564466,0.000071472685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980825,0.00003643421,0.000049320694,0.00001970542,0.0000663497,0.00001991691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005946684,0.00039756126,0.0005100192,0.00021345951,0.0003354918,0.00070666283,0.00026849975,0.00053953566,0.00041459606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055411115,0.000120908546,0.00049609336,0.0003717712,0.00023538076,0.00059211283,0.000493897,0.0006461069,0.00023404743],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051579715,0.00001831806,0.00025492266,0.000055330256,0.000008141142,0.000024633073,0.000039740622,0.00008033195,0.9978472,0.000009720449,0.000015943655,0.0015942234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034192726,0.00031417405,0.006056545,0.00000874864,0.000026492751,0.00009286471,0.000057474073,0.00051008974,0.9919642,0.000015922878,0.00093945797,0.000010630488],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016033059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017325603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016033059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004204195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025946382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031879544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416132629","doi":"10.1145/3736425.3770104","title":"Decision-Focused Learning for Cost-Efficient and Sustainable Water Treatment Plant Operations","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Benchmark (surveying); Control (management); Sewage treatment; Time horizon; Water treatment; Power station; Horizon; Optimal control","score_opus":0.016490773954851805,"score_gpt":0.27281077630289574,"score_spread":0.2563200023480439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416132629","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16112588,0.0010605697,0.83325577,0.00068550365,0.00005340368,0.0000741571,0.000080633225,0.0004332601,0.003230849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754705,0.00015298022,0.023524648,0.00011583752,0.00001689666,0.000031849067,0.00005829256,0.000015878379,0.00061318657],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996531,0.00013366899,0.000016278673,0.00006737273,0.00006861838,0.00006093815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990503,0.0006497215,0.000096022384,0.000036200803,0.00013142239,0.00003638757],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012550439,0.00095600786,0.0006550505,0.00027024382,0.00023003074,0.0006580204,0.0006909354,0.000856218,0.0011997169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023786249,0.00030762955,0.00037270325,0.00026906066,0.0004981618,0.0010807182,0.00063854054,0.0012424883,0.00019360468],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011425479,0.00011667126,0.0005460214,0.000059830727,0.000026658161,0.000021788552,0.00001950427,0.9617569,0.0015701961,0.001514233,0.0003053051,0.033948623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006842674,0.000049125985,0.00011330684,0.000003870383,0.000004327915,0.0000029921523,0.0000048152074,0.997538,0.00093123666,0.0012446133,0.00009803019,0.0000027651254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030223257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002232012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030223257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062941416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092484057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0066373944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416404971","doi":"10.1016/j.cejgas.2025.100006","title":"Closed-circuit RO membrane coupled with vacuum UV enhances pharmaceutical degradation via molecular uncoupling in soluble fractions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal Green and Sustainable","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Milton District Hospital; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane; Yield (engineering); Permeation","score_opus":0.006622628551572607,"score_gpt":0.23266474098799456,"score_spread":0.22604211243642194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416404971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.987278,0.0015522428,0.00936169,0.00009285316,0.00004042567,0.000025290066,0.00007456288,0.00025665172,0.0013184339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921151,0.0008518535,0.0050920374,0.000069431466,0.0000109412385,0.000027792445,0.000076182274,0.00003718019,0.0017194134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998221,0.00002097306,0.000010602217,0.000053953838,0.000052550768,0.000039872095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999293,0.000014326785,0.000026331349,0.000007101058,0.000013993932,0.000008962465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015094763,0.00030971807,0.00029427794,0.00015975237,0.00014025204,0.0004099444,0.00029468647,0.0004333309,0.0008543175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020886099,0.0002130047,0.00036110607,0.0001284382,0.00023109493,0.00045873076,0.0003373435,0.0005246016,0.00034573954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003222237,0.000014935844,0.000040993174,0.000031914562,0.000003853309,0.000018442197,0.000009154161,0.00005345651,0.99828607,0.000036336893,0.000025698613,0.0014469761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005168849,0.00012214124,0.00048540963,0.0000027548115,0.000009714245,0.000047535297,0.000011123011,0.00090234744,0.99745566,0.00001124017,0.0009429549,0.0000040316004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074411614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000903544,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008543175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002774844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019429131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002857983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416408760","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2025.108170","title":"Low electric field-assisted anaerobic ceramic membrane reactor for high-concentration organic wastewater treatment: Performance enhancement and membrane fouling mitigation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Science and Technology Bureau, Changsha; Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Wastewater; Ceramic membrane; Biogas; Pollutant","score_opus":0.00636547358316558,"score_gpt":0.2045004905843125,"score_spread":0.1981350170011469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416408760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906035,0.0024248117,0.005858567,0.00012586417,0.000041014184,0.00002185417,0.000048995178,0.00006249099,0.0008129693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944674,0.0012522239,0.003277487,0.000038781156,0.000011565074,0.000011659949,0.000056667894,0.000006662909,0.00087734434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998159,0.00002652552,0.000016076654,0.00003212862,0.00006772023,0.00004168142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999459,0.000007945782,0.000016539032,0.000003799898,0.000014417732,0.000011361117],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002389273,0.00038722574,0.00031483153,0.00026244344,0.0001455855,0.00030740027,0.00036827443,0.00046365563,0.00041410408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015797204,0.00013274034,0.000481835,0.00022781968,0.00018631118,0.0003503788,0.00027373523,0.00035360592,0.00017481983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006497381,0.000037170004,0.00018261882,0.00009721973,0.000009008353,0.00004062186,0.0000058329997,0.00015182806,0.9962515,0.00003504088,0.000022855093,0.0031013507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029428662,0.0004414992,0.002917546,0.000005123219,0.00003439267,0.00019306278,0.000024808374,0.0034302752,0.9915529,0.000036445505,0.0013211779,0.000013293068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00067703356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013117646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00067703356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022870676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026003295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016593933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416420473","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108289","title":"Fused deposition modeling of functional nanohybrids: a transformative approach to sustainable water purification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lockheed Martin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Portable water purification; Deposition (geology); Degradation (telecommunications); Water treatment; Thermal stability; Wastewater; Transformative learning; Adsorption","score_opus":0.009264643779161889,"score_gpt":0.20332492099194335,"score_spread":0.19406027721278146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416420473","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11204068,0.0023574212,0.8691219,0.00036724622,0.00008127849,0.000110710076,0.00036982703,0.0002753195,0.015275558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.77264667,0.0027503176,0.21977727,0.00008310318,0.000020591991,0.00021540363,0.00026686917,0.00008685342,0.0041528237],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999879,0.000023401572,0.000006477728,0.000021694332,0.00005287908,0.000016486305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988544,0.00006933238,0.00001240223,0.00000782857,0.000020748106,0.00000422538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000441234,0.00042932775,0.00039834218,0.00033654875,0.00024157159,0.00072446215,0.00049550453,0.00082080136,0.0010748616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039814625,0.00029646262,0.00087098713,0.0003541224,0.0003237675,0.00056476565,0.0005046709,0.0005338078,0.00022602217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039110324,0.00006221042,0.0005715971,0.00045541715,0.00004008043,0.00018127667,0.00016008613,0.8128083,0.13455871,0.028034033,0.00046011974,0.022629077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037510833,0.000021490729,0.00008301418,0.000012776954,0.00000783763,0.00002548463,0.000024807987,0.9821432,0.012715198,0.002629269,0.0023258112,0.0000073155975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030410544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002935767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030410544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00081553805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005874693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060467124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416451897","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124934","title":"From fixed points to optimum regions: AI–NSGA-II framework for high-recovery, low-energy brackish water RO","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Victoria; Dalhousie University","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; American Water Works Association","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Sorting; Sensitivity (control systems); Flow (mathematics); Fouling; Brackish water; Boiler feedwater; Scaling; Membrane fouling; Energy consumption","score_opus":0.03415955767343037,"score_gpt":0.33609063141907025,"score_spread":0.3019310737456399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416451897","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025133183,0.000694588,0.96636415,0.00030744125,0.00006061763,0.00025061177,0.00011887953,0.00037780555,0.00669271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.66163665,0.0006422171,0.32737982,0.0003481564,0.00004973666,0.0017280302,0.0004207822,0.00014385673,0.0076506953],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943024,0.0003263152,0.000021494841,0.00006652232,0.00009344416,0.00006200964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990681,0.00061267865,0.000082208986,0.000026252976,0.00016631524,0.000044549855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020556806,0.001485049,0.0012548866,0.0007799843,0.0003435305,0.0011703611,0.001520145,0.0014926391,0.0027314657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030461575,0.00071520824,0.0009262507,0.00059126556,0.0008142665,0.0005424054,0.0014029419,0.0014664305,0.00037387278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009085043,0.000006476362,0.00006369201,0.000016748449,0.000011034296,0.00001316533,0.000008777505,0.9963341,0.00007810207,0.0011853357,0.00011289931,0.002160571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003244004,0.000009946496,0.000016856793,0.0000048352895,0.0000025425718,0.0000011637012,0.0000042153483,0.99913186,0.00003352006,0.0006563739,0.00013392433,0.0000015806003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013782928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0086642075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013782928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012766406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021324302,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027405381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416596445","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120350","title":"A Paradigm Shift in End-of-Life Membrane Recycling: From Conventional to Emerging Techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Tamkeen; European Regional Development Fund; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Reuse; Sustainability; Paradigm shift; Membrane; Depolymerization; Incineration; Polymeric membrane","score_opus":0.018704582205603414,"score_gpt":0.2861954153930823,"score_spread":0.2674908331874789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416596445","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.018552333,0.7387588,0.1767856,0.038674325,0.0019415377,0.00009483208,0.00010840827,0.0002850194,0.024799101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12780584,0.7260011,0.12645373,0.009506922,0.0017438635,0.0002191831,0.0001405438,0.00013413739,0.007994641],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980311,0.0005495571,0.00013606409,0.00039091075,0.0007254548,0.00016686575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986657,0.0006395474,0.00012696855,0.0001225001,0.00035746468,0.00008772631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005542711,0.00071707414,0.0011506195,0.0013358855,0.0008609327,0.0033781677,0.0016467567,0.002390142,0.0014677976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019280179,0.00042420754,0.0008206188,0.0011124478,0.0043853815,0.008829993,0.0024549388,0.0044042487,0.0010009483],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017179399,0.00023516515,0.00058294984,0.009148917,0.00008746732,0.00046923402,0.0013295674,0.0026517082,0.061001785,0.5446225,0.008719323,0.37097955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002842238,0.0006044452,0.00055554754,0.002217594,0.000061074024,0.001349897,0.0011378237,0.0031877186,0.044809878,0.1762537,0.76967067,0.00012325672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005432198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00088017253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005542711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002297453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024556243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029313028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416608145","doi":"10.54963/neea.v4i2.1644","title":"Solar PV System Design for Enhancing Sustainability in SWRO Desalination: The Deir El‑Balah Case Study","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"New Energy Exploitation and Application","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Desalination; Sustainability; Electricity; Fossil fuel; Solar energy; Solar desalination; Resilience (materials science)","score_opus":0.01723506549274867,"score_gpt":0.29408841587287754,"score_spread":0.27685335038012887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416608145","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9603849,0.0003121934,0.015255295,0.00033802446,0.000018416555,0.00013736058,0.00014149642,0.00010144429,0.023310935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928156,0.00011396327,0.004385287,0.000017838434,0.000002513856,0.00002711707,0.000036833062,0.000008222785,0.0025926593],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998117,0.000073481555,0.000005706381,0.000020999201,0.00004489448,0.00004319577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991703,0.000031194668,0.000008638499,0.0000068539516,0.00002646912,0.000009893957],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030364198,0.000422716,0.00021671756,0.0002475081,0.000641753,0.00094064756,0.0005469287,0.0007187942,0.0017640416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002741087,0.00021505437,0.00033594097,0.00031937953,0.00033059902,0.0004902661,0.00047547728,0.00041329465,0.00019715137],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044018505,0.00036296554,0.0135791255,0.00041961172,0.00008686832,0.0028248865,0.00042776053,0.86570776,0.055215366,0.008008701,0.0016901058,0.05123661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002494734,0.0010434275,0.011673742,0.000059086564,0.00012214635,0.0007099858,0.0019277801,0.90283096,0.05828872,0.004110535,0.018939719,0.00004437242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00933549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018167224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00933549,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012493298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007960333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018562317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416730338","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120353","title":"Advancements and Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Material Science and Membrane Technology: A Comprehensive Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Process (computing); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sustainability; Pace; Limiting","score_opus":0.02038306716870873,"score_gpt":0.28817982846357265,"score_spread":0.2677967612948639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416730338","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000284059,0.99681586,0.0009470588,0.00039022052,0.0001918867,0.0000078351795,0.000033763074,0.000016713073,0.0013125545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011086004,0.9974975,0.00064939196,0.00016586528,0.00020314333,0.00000909586,0.000038334718,0.0000036348738,0.00032450384],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999529,0.000088303386,0.00007412328,0.00008207977,0.00019155178,0.000034873494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879116,0.00081751565,0.00011814548,0.000030271427,0.00020584844,0.000037103622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010317011,0.0009988982,0.0013959887,0.0030157533,0.0003437013,0.0014478926,0.0006994851,0.001304524,0.0032410612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013632379,0.00038890677,0.0008382637,0.0035466654,0.0005175183,0.0020782938,0.000749954,0.0015265086,0.0013293017],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046399688,0.00009755728,0.0003977223,0.040883083,0.00016413041,0.0001957166,0.00014776985,0.0013650313,0.00427569,0.01036896,0.019103156,0.92295474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007971158,0.00015180034,0.0011897726,0.006051858,0.00023810365,0.000823887,0.00011715587,0.00079660065,0.0019108189,0.0055610277,0.9830934,0.000057607405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010166634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014582075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032410612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058562757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016106311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0108424425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416738022","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123347","title":"Functional hydrogels—enabling the gateway for sustainable water treatment and harvesting technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Innovation and Economic Development Trois Rivières","funders":"Academy of Finland","keywords":"Water treatment; Self-healing hydrogels; Population; Gateway (web page); Global population; Water resources; Portable water purification","score_opus":0.04089380371896411,"score_gpt":0.30705422709135866,"score_spread":0.26616042337239454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416738022","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16319145,0.5640835,0.17930853,0.005884129,0.0023333605,0.00040649148,0.0019993945,0.0014438215,0.08134926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.56956846,0.3084906,0.0995021,0.0022752727,0.00061534735,0.00042716568,0.00088524126,0.00019003055,0.018045675],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982965,0.000031679097,0.000013305579,0.00003202264,0.00006487229,0.000028487855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988174,0.000042196967,0.00002899815,0.000008478131,0.00002054301,0.000018089146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044091782,0.00046524298,0.00025565398,0.00038538518,0.00013850954,0.0007939129,0.00040491205,0.000599916,0.0017083822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002612411,0.00027743305,0.0002857268,0.0002721214,0.00029904387,0.0015342333,0.00068005576,0.0010936519,0.00073959475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008738035,0.00008814189,0.00021265657,0.0028971522,0.00004308584,0.0004605726,0.00012511478,0.0012410113,0.8509076,0.040056955,0.003071062,0.100809306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026783468,0.00031210977,0.0005654581,0.00044562912,0.00004828635,0.0008673372,0.000111181056,0.0024562182,0.6833512,0.010327642,0.30143952,0.000048561495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014807943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003012283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017083822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044358068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026110018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057151318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416782344","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.128081","title":"Unlocking nanoplastic removal from landfill leachate - a dual-layer adsorptive PES@PMACZ@MOF &amp; repulsive self-assembled mesoporous silica modified matrix membrane","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"University of British Columbia; Mitacs; Staatssekretariat für Migration; EDS","keywords":"Membrane; Leachate; Nanopore; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Mesoporous silica; Matrix (chemical analysis); Porosity","score_opus":0.00891563950063003,"score_gpt":0.24406931960658745,"score_spread":0.2351536801059574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416782344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941958,0.00056486315,0.004077971,0.0000691373,0.000026400703,0.000014436939,0.00009969271,0.00009398162,0.0008576708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99325365,0.00037698302,0.0036738801,0.000041441464,0.0000097026095,0.000017399778,0.00007435904,0.000009981222,0.00254261],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999212,0.0000057795614,0.000006559903,0.000020276479,0.00002559579,0.000020576685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999604,0.000005290435,0.0000110501505,0.0000031755249,0.00001039741,0.000009694271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010158585,0.0003139401,0.00023700533,0.00016388546,0.00018002011,0.00020255485,0.00018271958,0.00035946496,0.0005783877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094632385,0.00014973985,0.00027600076,0.00009195766,0.00012485334,0.0002779745,0.00025949773,0.00028267154,0.00032703136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021176254,0.000005266759,0.00002582241,0.000019665067,0.0000022754916,0.000019031502,0.0000045521097,0.000049671242,0.9992378,0.000023660592,0.000010971615,0.00058015436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027196938,0.000048337268,0.00023333186,0.000001198715,0.0000048331162,0.000026841595,0.0000065000727,0.00059348624,0.99866176,0.0000062670256,0.00041213675,0.0000025716781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063458947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014277106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00063458947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002142241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022790092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019348264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416818010","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5828752","title":"Heterogeneous wettability fiber membranes with synergistic piezoelectric effect and independent oil-water channels for in-situ fouling control","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Biofouling; Membrane; Piezoelectricity; Fouling; Emulsion; Fiber; Membrane fouling; Oil droplet","score_opus":0.006434171482019755,"score_gpt":0.23240044487730735,"score_spread":0.2259662733952876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416818010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.964461,0.0018855074,0.030583274,0.0002223204,0.00009437054,0.000047446694,0.0001342699,0.00015526726,0.0024166116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98775744,0.0008419551,0.009556094,0.00005003381,0.000030457097,0.000031941356,0.0000968148,0.000027568018,0.0016076772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998405,0.000018173781,0.0000077680015,0.00004094775,0.000048541497,0.00004408186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999032,0.000026319312,0.000021102147,0.000011745024,0.000020841526,0.000016815307],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023348177,0.00045605566,0.00030607526,0.0002017305,0.00022749799,0.00040743384,0.00032906706,0.00050968165,0.0009318561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002267124,0.00019057642,0.00024951165,0.00021077189,0.00026049596,0.0007257443,0.00055418693,0.00053850864,0.00025040368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028986582,0.000012659581,0.000033141147,0.000028823777,0.000003984677,0.000012782474,0.00001109208,0.00010592351,0.99815506,0.00013714032,0.000038272836,0.0014321571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046981654,0.000044055305,0.0001568603,9.63506e-7,0.0000050790513,0.00001620667,0.0000059148906,0.0011331058,0.99808574,0.000041486066,0.00050300936,0.000002880327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039894544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007782532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009318561,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029495347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001699714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031173825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416894008","doi":"10.1002/app.70106","title":"Eco‐Friendly Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes for Efficient Water Desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Desalination; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Extrusion; Hollow fiber membrane; Spinning; Thermal stability","score_opus":0.006849380018130297,"score_gpt":0.24634153887526197,"score_spread":0.23949215885713168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416894008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9524408,0.006433719,0.03762218,0.00037648817,0.00009974755,0.000045132954,0.00021770729,0.00023968067,0.002524601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801246,0.0019685603,0.015907891,0.00008945922,0.000021490658,0.000019903093,0.00009848354,0.000023345938,0.0017463303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998702,0.000020287647,0.000009047379,0.000019884248,0.000055261055,0.000025269703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993086,0.000010317442,0.000022227154,0.0000040500972,0.00002430019,0.000008253457],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023413158,0.0002886835,0.00018842967,0.00019450781,0.00016196379,0.00021673678,0.00013132412,0.0004168738,0.00045577838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013439861,0.000116487776,0.00033263664,0.000112674286,0.00012291099,0.00047230622,0.00021455198,0.00028948305,0.00022236716],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010644754,0.0000082659535,0.000050975235,0.000044052787,0.00000474519,0.000030996423,0.000005144159,0.00021468825,0.9973085,0.00010658493,0.00004479105,0.0021705711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004969754,0.0000755355,0.00074518984,0.0000066540592,0.000009432438,0.00010213911,0.000012504163,0.0024522438,0.9932053,0.00009358717,0.0032847584,0.0000075396338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004118149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009056035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00045577838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002663552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001934008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019325614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416895685","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02791","title":"Postsynthetic Polymerization of UiO-66-NH <sub>2</sub> for the Fabrication of Nylon/MOF Hybrid Membranes with Enhanced PFOS and PFOA Uptake","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Polymerization; Amide; Dispersion (optics); Homogeneous; Fabrication","score_opus":0.005493453181901453,"score_gpt":0.20899851353247265,"score_spread":0.2035050603505712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416895685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97011447,0.0013978621,0.026568646,0.00006884069,0.000043537395,0.00003940789,0.00009316783,0.00012211122,0.001552119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823072,0.00069436926,0.014925819,0.000046112174,0.0000106533325,0.000025915251,0.00007671643,0.000024172632,0.0018890572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999933,0.0000066262523,0.000004098176,0.000014929157,0.000017707624,0.000023628421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999393,0.00001050914,0.000028440023,0.0000052743335,0.000008218316,0.0000081799],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000087667286,0.00038657497,0.00016483376,0.000108324595,0.00011603447,0.00014742235,0.00012175788,0.00026016013,0.0007808171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000136769,0.00014072788,0.00021329307,0.00008410825,0.00014374797,0.00024749018,0.00016587375,0.00031805533,0.00031000553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014873827,0.0000041251324,0.00004648517,0.000024590736,0.0000023828827,0.000014986982,0.00000725998,0.00006720332,0.9987575,0.000048587422,0.0000075776834,0.001004423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012648278,0.000031608728,0.00054980355,0.0000014470156,0.0000042677557,0.000045400728,0.0000051872034,0.0002391092,0.9983815,0.00001171186,0.00072645873,0.0000022404763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005787097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009350298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007808171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021291699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013009172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002612114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416938457","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119719","title":"Minimizing the thermal energy use of membrane distillation with real-time operating controls","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal energy; Thermal; Membrane technology; Energy (signal processing); Distillation","score_opus":0.012188545454457224,"score_gpt":0.23319871926958374,"score_spread":0.22101017381512653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416938457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68396515,0.00087842025,0.309549,0.0001906424,0.00007639923,0.0000972624,0.000055293964,0.0011833741,0.0040045474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827194,0.00009870699,0.016315382,0.000022425578,0.0000073291094,0.000030936553,0.000017824206,0.0000221055,0.0007658083],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996971,0.00004134169,0.000017346663,0.000076116055,0.00013628395,0.000031760654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970716,0.00009953927,0.00006830463,0.000048982536,0.00006330697,0.000012759641],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024507163,0.0006121989,0.00032200644,0.00020118056,0.0002027363,0.00046280576,0.0005849448,0.0003109284,0.0011350472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068065105,0.00018297466,0.00024191155,0.00013621962,0.00033594694,0.00062796683,0.0004230663,0.00041152196,0.00024158841],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031338,0.00011076521,0.0009999595,0.00027013294,0.000018191064,0.00009276907,0.000072425915,0.028773723,0.9058743,0.0007855389,0.0001850408,0.062503844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029816816,0.0005678158,0.0033318768,0.000011129369,0.00002733938,0.00009846032,0.000038017693,0.16072452,0.83184767,0.00034731752,0.0029494944,0.000026494396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007514288,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010998683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011350472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039367913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00037430646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003797114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416941319","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120366","title":"The Evaluation of Ammonium Sulphate as a Potential Draw Solute in a Hybrid FO-RO Process to Concentrate Nutrients (NPK) from a Simulated Liquid Digestate—Part I: Deionized Water as a Feed Solution","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Potassium; Osmosis; Process (computing); Membrane; Digestate; Nutrient; Phosphorus","score_opus":0.013256153987324644,"score_gpt":0.28912380361726664,"score_spread":0.275867649629942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416941319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951474,0.00041288557,0.0038230384,0.00003885778,0.000012520922,0.000032486714,0.000050381223,0.000042392163,0.00044004768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98818225,0.0005090693,0.010144188,0.000035494002,0.000010250279,0.000043520522,0.00008245939,0.000019432902,0.0009733276],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996959,0.00005375075,0.000025779467,0.000066125394,0.00011989474,0.000038611823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983704,0.000044154076,0.00003444217,0.000014417896,0.00004518698,0.000024777924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043928917,0.00036422373,0.00043423154,0.00028494388,0.00024811178,0.0005567476,0.00041162944,0.00058911165,0.0002964612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004402641,0.00019734321,0.00039036936,0.00022348925,0.00026196195,0.00055611506,0.0003953141,0.00042934026,0.00018510975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055397497,0.000021390331,0.00011046702,0.00004760775,0.0000073628776,0.000024879899,0.0000124437765,0.00014699575,0.99849975,0.000021372878,0.000007336648,0.0010450059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055524533,0.00031325177,0.0006900713,0.0000027991607,0.000015804802,0.000037113725,0.000023838746,0.0016823204,0.9967943,0.00000909373,0.00042048222,0.000005330137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010605807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015009887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010605807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030299305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022244542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023232102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416958421","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108567","title":"Modeling of the air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process for whey treatment: A CFD approach with RSM","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer; Membrane distillation; Response surface methodology; Concentration polarization; Desalination; Heat transfer; Parametric statistics; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.016802223834097053,"score_gpt":0.24222541290341174,"score_spread":0.2254231890693147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416958421","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3256509,0.0011294783,0.64687467,0.00073840347,0.00014336231,0.0004677621,0.0014202903,0.0010227519,0.02255242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88519835,0.0007527902,0.10652673,0.00008411708,0.000024205234,0.0006590523,0.00062624563,0.00013629314,0.005992322],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976844,0.00005216523,0.000016551274,0.000040940347,0.00008553689,0.00003629311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997799,0.0001108603,0.000028430282,0.000019282166,0.000049626153,0.000011908243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003945301,0.0006951672,0.00075700943,0.00046892083,0.00067001104,0.0010447656,0.00086828374,0.0017276766,0.0017535157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068092154,0.00037678622,0.0012801766,0.00036365853,0.00044056342,0.00055530394,0.0006264061,0.0006861652,0.0003977686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023644032,0.0000296028,0.0006502761,0.00007354739,0.0000106279285,0.000055879053,0.000034449997,0.98653156,0.0074576563,0.0012985697,0.000120509205,0.0037136392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000350595,0.0000160315,0.000109103006,0.0000047220838,0.000002774022,0.000007910951,0.000007224598,0.9974964,0.0016485017,0.00015477306,0.0005446968,0.000004365073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012715894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066567403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012715894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011374218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018511342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.025283754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417066402","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119737","title":"Multifidelity numerical modeling and Bayesian hierarchical prediction of the desalination discharges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Numerical modeling; Bayesian probability; Numerical models; Mathematical model","score_opus":0.013437099318119296,"score_gpt":0.2547489044583705,"score_spread":0.24131180514025122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417066402","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08628167,0.00013456529,0.9113058,0.00022765339,0.00001662459,0.00005001292,0.00018732957,0.00031750015,0.0014789384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9160198,0.00015402655,0.08239685,0.00006546534,0.00002235586,0.00010465722,0.0002586172,0.000047822898,0.00093034323],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994978,0.00014896858,0.000030641335,0.00008804416,0.00017937795,0.00005526908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835867,0.00087186147,0.00034320852,0.00014198144,0.00021755615,0.00006669873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016484767,0.000750556,0.0005522439,0.0006440145,0.00043620984,0.0009065895,0.0013124951,0.0011732142,0.00096276274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0057327193,0.00059511804,0.000704203,0.00039566477,0.0009056389,0.0011721747,0.0011834528,0.0012112008,0.00016676994],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011807915,0.000013984545,0.0014555611,0.000011958045,0.000009583539,0.00001558615,0.000019700787,0.9907923,0.00081426103,0.0028519388,0.000050681887,0.0039527463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012378254,0.0000045447136,0.00013589032,0.0000016718859,0.000001155304,0.000002358718,0.0000018108664,0.9988385,0.00027190679,0.00069058535,0.000048274967,0.0000020532586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0120202545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008343748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0120202545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010799159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016086417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023900568},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417067729","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-32968-5.00012-7","title":"Emerging contaminants and membrane filtration: addressing new challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Contamination; Membrane technology; Membrane; Human health","score_opus":0.034272066084767246,"score_gpt":0.26536932181218187,"score_spread":0.23109725572741463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417067729","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013529924,0.7567337,0.015825626,0.027005812,0.008601398,0.000035092376,0.00014956499,0.00024767916,0.19004816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00628418,0.64947647,0.014318252,0.006725992,0.0050918097,0.000042912292,0.00020234843,0.00017125545,0.3176868],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995758,0.00004870316,0.00001658901,0.00006027042,0.0002559475,0.000042774052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996666,0.00015020515,0.000018953398,0.00001862517,0.00010080181,0.00004487615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00112283,0.0010167791,0.0011221563,0.001723152,0.00085236767,0.005794217,0.0012693282,0.002978439,0.029654749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058407814,0.00048231496,0.00066555676,0.0022622452,0.0015379874,0.00629506,0.0017761464,0.0033051183,0.014150896],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004155253,0.00013989888,0.00013503239,0.0019589155,0.000020945174,0.00023301199,0.0002656064,0.00080882787,0.008763453,0.13021801,0.21367761,0.6437372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022653178,0.00001945596,0.00008941031,0.00033785665,0.000004607764,0.0001896589,0.00011186398,0.00023976802,0.00092140574,0.024072768,0.9740012,0.000009729421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024900225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0062425933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029654749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019858822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022957646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09920502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417077966","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00537-4","title":"An agile benchmarking framework for wastewater resource recovery technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Université Laval; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Benchmarking; Software deployment; Resource (disambiguation); Agile software development; Resource recovery; Resource efficiency; Foundation (evidence)","score_opus":0.010932338308288667,"score_gpt":0.25684623007291707,"score_spread":0.2459138917646284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417077966","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021082184,0.00014489712,0.9875541,0.00042125586,0.000063737556,0.00040945032,0.0004864523,0.003956116,0.0048557674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05483145,0.00031980773,0.9391586,0.00016562759,0.000041078005,0.0011360388,0.0022111053,0.0009516777,0.0011844758],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.97680616,0.012462986,0.0027908164,0.0014588684,0.005219237,0.0012619098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9792173,0.008062199,0.0013920023,0.004600436,0.0057107727,0.0010172331],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.034620576,0.0022078739,0.0015207995,0.0046312828,0.0016295863,0.006321969,0.005384039,0.0020110826,0.0052392166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.042172212,0.0012564606,0.0028357275,0.0038766558,0.0020171423,0.005119072,0.008208513,0.0032876737,0.0019353523],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001349979,0.00028357893,0.0032407376,0.00057314686,0.00018016766,0.00037273706,0.00095356506,0.41380697,0.0024254718,0.43371907,0.011254218,0.13305543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000715387,0.00013620335,0.0005782521,0.00043588126,0.00004090479,0.00015718993,0.00030780316,0.73167425,0.0031634874,0.19818291,0.06516088,0.00009073852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008491897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009220485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034620576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0033312568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00874588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18309325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417126494","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125047","title":"New approach to 3D-print methacrylic acid/polyethylene glycol diacrylate-based membranes based on polymerization induced phase separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Sentinelle Nord, Université Laval; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Université Laval","keywords":"Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Porosity; Permeance; Polymer; Polymerization; Supercritical fluid; Polyethylene glycol; Photografting","score_opus":0.02113727616632195,"score_gpt":0.31968626690508145,"score_spread":0.2985489907387595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417126494","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46454582,0.004363239,0.51977974,0.0005451204,0.00035494822,0.00024825623,0.00075525895,0.0020891011,0.0073185363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6858368,0.0028834238,0.3029434,0.0003965884,0.000076044176,0.00019533234,0.00045042761,0.00017770477,0.0070402855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998543,0.000012028856,0.000011284363,0.00003128301,0.00007134317,0.000019564612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990165,0.000020207513,0.00003330636,0.000016967591,0.000015139101,0.000012737391],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001470088,0.0005098828,0.0002496378,0.00031987258,0.00017968417,0.00036649292,0.00040062558,0.00059779844,0.0009184792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014331916,0.00029989498,0.00054713915,0.00015779756,0.00022307856,0.0004683031,0.0003335267,0.0007044268,0.00074154965],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073872097,0.000012353869,0.000035479716,0.000053335923,0.000005199098,0.00006112645,0.000010899247,0.00019291339,0.99511886,0.00019078975,0.000060235838,0.004251366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000049014056,0.00004624448,0.00030306863,0.0000028432676,0.000007702387,0.0003263599,0.000004083301,0.0019006002,0.9932053,0.00010418721,0.0040840413,0.000010677563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018358018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031072277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009184792,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022053295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019482856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030726194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417281047","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.128259","title":"Brine management via reverse osmosis-based technologies: Energy consumption, performance limits, economic feasibility, and practical applicability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Desalination; Osmotic power; Energy consumption; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reverse osmosis plant; Salinity","score_opus":0.014161395538391542,"score_gpt":0.25490464491409426,"score_spread":0.2407432493757027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417281047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94684935,0.016737103,0.02549878,0.0012992795,0.00008481545,0.000082929124,0.00021138013,0.000091935224,0.009144516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984738,0.007236164,0.0054806145,0.000060248993,0.00002496274,0.00004227758,0.00008897815,0.000012784055,0.0023159334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993604,0.00016481268,0.000030474663,0.00007543379,0.0002919354,0.000077008495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995541,0.00017539237,0.000074547585,0.000042000214,0.00013703962,0.000016913911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001036814,0.00045707842,0.00046697177,0.00065704505,0.0005454294,0.0018750696,0.0007814938,0.0010850225,0.0020821185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010501286,0.00024176837,0.0005107041,0.0006413094,0.00055626145,0.0023199222,0.00073848414,0.0009889591,0.00055322907],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010051619,0.00033837574,0.0028411658,0.00088581553,0.000055657438,0.00021531495,0.00014222102,0.0045954604,0.9443538,0.003220272,0.00036578593,0.041981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000053362844,0.0010315257,0.0024798475,0.00014086912,0.00007072206,0.00024710264,0.0003422796,0.010284791,0.975679,0.0013386771,0.008290209,0.00004151747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016702851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003011424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020821185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007586216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005005448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006965339},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417290371","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00819","title":"Modeling Scaling Prevention and Attainable Recovery Using Hypothetical Calcium-Permeable Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Gypsum; Scaling; Osmosis; Permeation; Chloride; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.02088843479655609,"score_gpt":0.2512182222261632,"score_spread":0.2303297874296071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417290371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482506,0.00029557172,0.039676797,0.0004572965,0.000035120753,0.00012512656,0.0007450129,0.00017160742,0.01024276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913829,0.00030136394,0.0052812663,0.000044739998,0.0000048273737,0.000114079914,0.00014614983,0.000017349226,0.0027072981],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998215,0.000033864424,0.0000106363805,0.000045493318,0.000030656225,0.00005793114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995932,0.00019561376,0.00007891498,0.000021798696,0.00008249612,0.000028057],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035202006,0.0005284323,0.0005454801,0.0004776824,0.00036075027,0.0009675362,0.0009997803,0.0023014303,0.0013873588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010480279,0.00032592178,0.0009637553,0.0003676337,0.0005363837,0.00083040586,0.0005165159,0.0005343912,0.00018864215],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003458832,0.000030867996,0.0007257401,0.000043732533,0.000008837227,0.00012414712,0.000024923133,0.98874015,0.007531031,0.0018688003,0.00007346192,0.00079366873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011172217,0.00003850893,0.00029885556,0.00000433504,0.0000083030245,0.000013982129,0.00002790108,0.9970233,0.001926949,0.00036107408,0.000278264,0.000007278876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017731773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0068162167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017731773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017122248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010397141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03525716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417358381","doi":"10.1038/s42004-025-01832-4","title":"Alginate cryogel beads for effectively aggregating nanoplastics for water remediation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Leaching (pedology); Aggregate (composite); Membrane; Dissolution; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.015940780849618495,"score_gpt":0.28499671000638205,"score_spread":0.2690559291567636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417358381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8998478,0.021734469,0.069572054,0.0012183121,0.00050482195,0.0001516709,0.0003415539,0.0006328186,0.0059965192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9661964,0.006548821,0.021927899,0.00043598225,0.000045954253,0.000076148295,0.00019952595,0.00007907386,0.004490302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983156,0.000019432626,0.000017301118,0.000038286114,0.00006229813,0.000031050935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986446,0.000024467048,0.00004545975,0.000013972502,0.000033050062,0.000018697898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022195728,0.0004948407,0.00020588096,0.00027964677,0.00022244986,0.00043273007,0.000225153,0.00054417,0.0005141175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002628699,0.00021517539,0.0003741188,0.00015413569,0.00021100797,0.00042516217,0.0003828052,0.0006913185,0.00031251094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022530234,0.000018097111,0.00013219974,0.0001320226,0.000012959783,0.000039417995,0.00003978512,0.00017050665,0.993893,0.00019703322,0.0002242895,0.005118233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045208353,0.00009930929,0.00049034914,0.000014648121,0.000024759958,0.00009211151,0.00001693241,0.0012475566,0.99304765,0.00004512963,0.0049039754,0.000013044271],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012118511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023054597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012118511,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043662605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026653658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031679273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417515874","doi":"10.1016/j.xjon.2025.101567","title":"Reply: Hydrodissection for conduit harvesting: Catch the wave!","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JTCVS Open","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Montreal Heart Institute","funders":"Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal","keywords":"Electrical conduit; Work (physics); Inflow; Current (fluid)","score_opus":0.04913736139697504,"score_gpt":0.3190878948102966,"score_spread":0.26995053341332154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417515874","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001994144,0.0019326691,0.00040663176,0.94405806,0.052478332,0.000012388199,0.00007380782,0.00007676937,0.00076196686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015983949,0.0017229712,0.0005712018,0.9550049,0.03445773,0.000029289053,0.00005005945,0.000038450202,0.0065269074],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958841,0.000836826,0.0006374073,0.00061759196,0.0014222676,0.0006018276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9840307,0.006861921,0.0010824051,0.00056854205,0.005243055,0.0022133638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005352098,0.0012536927,0.0013208903,0.0010249419,0.0033507198,0.0031891204,0.0024295845,0.045268856,0.010232358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.026864532,0.0008299968,0.0016668554,0.0007047364,0.0038952723,0.0055614663,0.0027334031,0.047133844,0.010312363],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041173957,0.000027636113,0.00024679577,0.00008074287,0.000014856065,0.00021714196,0.00007684813,0.000040428982,0.00039860117,0.00091898686,0.9926167,0.0053201313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000051797342,0.00006650689,0.0011827422,0.00018716662,0.000034398414,0.0005718018,0.000511738,0.00018339584,0.0006239408,0.0033701416,0.99312496,0.000091478105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006041211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0081506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045268856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020234673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0045919865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03423065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W591984257","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2015.038","title":"Current status of the rotating belt filtration (RBF) technology for municipal wastewater treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Total suspended solids; Suspended solids; Effluent; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Clogging; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Settling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Aeration; Volatile suspended solids; Waste management; Biofilter; Engineering; Chemical oxygen demand; Activated sludge; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04137051210722311,"score_gpt":0.3154832510863598,"score_spread":0.2741127389791367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W591984257","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02815714,0.91417414,0.014643477,0.007700096,0.00082240434,0.0001055619,0.00053833355,0.00034215397,0.033516664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.15266775,0.81819683,0.014774082,0.0018268968,0.0013113088,0.00019375628,0.0012202046,0.00007169523,0.009737542],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977102,0.0004557765,0.00031066735,0.0004226946,0.00086057,0.00023994931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964211,0.00087523676,0.0007391525,0.00013705165,0.0014853319,0.00034211407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006032498,0.000980111,0.001017643,0.0015706522,0.00077039044,0.0045197518,0.0025350065,0.0034767617,0.0072877733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002636576,0.0006355182,0.0007620209,0.002369991,0.0018156273,0.0050848764,0.0013772662,0.0014895351,0.0042373436],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005066664,0.00045251133,0.0018239702,0.011142522,0.00004961972,0.00018431692,0.00025337996,0.0028096533,0.037291158,0.01251089,0.010910115,0.9220652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006370942,0.0026896747,0.006591508,0.0029881487,0.00018870897,0.00082924805,0.0011060026,0.0048666783,0.049458865,0.0066839308,0.9243679,0.00016561885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003150118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026426218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0072877733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024241842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00445547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.031903267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W617651898","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.013","title":"Enhancing sedimentation by improving flow conditions using parallel retrofit baffles","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Inflow; Sedimentation; Flow (mathematics); Settling; Inlet; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Environmental science; Flow conditions; Mechanics; Geology; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Environmental engineering; Geomorphology; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Sediment","score_opus":0.015860883752657384,"score_gpt":0.24594717114848516,"score_spread":0.2300862873958278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W617651898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8630794,0.00065247726,0.13148442,0.0003326404,0.00020856234,0.00017274289,0.00022029667,0.0017852344,0.0020642555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9237219,0.00040888938,0.073108524,0.00011083921,0.000066681176,0.00010743939,0.00021357766,0.000120893,0.0021412212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994429,0.00008960928,0.00008252101,0.00012672198,0.00016256938,0.00009570569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988726,0.00035999258,0.00023144108,0.0001384825,0.00031788147,0.00007946946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011261582,0.00079860364,0.00066548947,0.0008995493,0.00091856206,0.0018222834,0.0010035326,0.0010477807,0.002697682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019197123,0.00042698256,0.00061136275,0.00062037737,0.0003722184,0.0019493725,0.0006969739,0.0010641833,0.00097101997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031330762,0.00044013275,0.002680495,0.00015632466,0.000033879776,0.000042943717,0.00007124003,0.0044985577,0.9668883,0.00055152527,0.00034494913,0.023978382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005827451,0.0003233873,0.0029225964,0.000010907798,0.000049333798,0.000069487534,0.000055114615,0.018831594,0.97418594,0.00021571227,0.0032428838,0.000034680517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019330748,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003201226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002697682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00082604314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008160135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00902462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W64442378","doi":"10.2175/106143009x426022","title":"Effects of Total Suspended Solids Loading on Short‐Term Fouling in the Treatment of Secondary Effluent by an Immersed Ultrafiltration Pilot System","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Fouling; Suspended solids; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Chromatography; Wastewater; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.03220315564646189,"score_gpt":0.30036435952767765,"score_spread":0.2681612038812158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W64442378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99899596,0.00010212165,0.0007007392,0.000017829478,0.000009064382,0.00001028518,0.000031359577,0.000017477152,0.000115313145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981193,0.00013619037,0.0013076981,0.00001851508,0.000005997956,0.000008055093,0.000069556714,0.000008600759,0.0003261782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996939,0.000060961967,0.000028924433,0.00004204252,0.00011820129,0.000055989665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996092,0.00013576813,0.000065194225,0.000026803105,0.000092817805,0.00007022778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035725406,0.00035158356,0.00055666984,0.00013649579,0.0002896222,0.0006214772,0.00035567844,0.00037118315,0.0005306023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008499897,0.00017226052,0.00048471853,0.00016376455,0.00031712095,0.00043511926,0.00036958294,0.0006130949,0.00013323413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036968102,0.00007183297,0.00032544343,0.00004499099,0.000009849307,0.0000365688,0.00003379875,0.00021410601,0.9967278,0.000011017759,0.000012938722,0.002141973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028353821,0.0017572497,0.003240073,0.0000037163193,0.000031481974,0.000047938218,0.00003558171,0.0020986353,0.9924624,0.000019997293,0.0002656288,0.0000088738125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027598185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018649679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027598185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004512975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030467342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054875016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6906990737","doi":"10.20381/ruor-31062","title":"Jet-O-mized Eggshell Membrane Powder: A Novel Hydrolysis Strategy to Unlock Gut-Promoting Bioactivities","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydrolysis; Eggshell membrane; Eggshell; Period (music); Membrane","score_opus":0.039108584962538974,"score_gpt":0.30877699860085134,"score_spread":0.26966841363831234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6906990737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98048866,0.0042628064,0.011907927,0.0002061215,0.00007389407,0.00010794943,0.00019044842,0.00008803219,0.002674141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98360634,0.0024519586,0.010542721,0.00014350693,0.000017989252,0.00004724451,0.00019986802,0.000032160457,0.0029583361],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999899,0.000011242288,0.000010156289,0.000022465725,0.00003374544,0.00002336382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994683,0.000007538551,0.000024476089,0.0000037966922,0.000008253588,0.000009177797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016138768,0.00036134245,0.00019031114,0.0001951902,0.000086015905,0.00025987555,0.00017890714,0.000425105,0.0005225208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001506145,0.00018871287,0.0003416258,0.00014923212,0.00013259587,0.0003495809,0.0002496692,0.00047140414,0.00027101272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003362377,0.000014997565,0.000068297195,0.000059909074,0.000005827065,0.000054802655,0.00001208299,0.000036327925,0.99803597,0.000060031238,0.000024743058,0.0015932627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011976502,0.00019298373,0.0013060698,0.000009554868,0.000018763878,0.00014607409,0.000020440695,0.00049722695,0.9949132,0.00002222599,0.0028542385,0.000007188688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024626832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005895138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005225208,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011474054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014408019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017480254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6907492651","doi":"10.22093/wwj.2023.378636.3310","title":"Simultaneous Modeling of Water Purification Process by Direct Osmosis Membrane and Recovery of Osmotic Solution by Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Forward osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Portable water purification; Osmosis; Water treatment; Purified water","score_opus":0.10077467149866794,"score_gpt":0.431631171779723,"score_spread":0.33085650028105507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6907492651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.58804107,0.0011396717,0.39504337,0.0003141797,0.00007659705,0.00020226609,0.00050525425,0.0005913993,0.014086194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731399,0.00069829944,0.020471564,0.000024494317,0.00001120307,0.00018468108,0.00014732445,0.00002464517,0.005297814],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998565,0.00002158377,0.00000860681,0.000042939682,0.00004567576,0.000024700406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999169,0.000029522604,0.000014742443,0.0000070982483,0.000027816961,0.0000038712415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018887327,0.0005405075,0.00054298656,0.00021478142,0.0003591329,0.0007142278,0.0006901162,0.00088696665,0.00077269867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026520298,0.00025177613,0.0009338471,0.00023111631,0.00025001413,0.00066442514,0.00033109522,0.00040794842,0.00021335269],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008362121,0.00007813466,0.001772186,0.00021614943,0.000030615574,0.00014607309,0.00009052316,0.9186361,0.06742458,0.0028533288,0.00016550907,0.008503138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009251733,0.000049826867,0.00048385048,0.000003519021,0.000012397082,0.000022977492,0.000013023651,0.98944515,0.008836536,0.00032401312,0.0007934654,0.0000060731136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010236382,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040634787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010236382,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00076218747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00073716126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020353615},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920492368","doi":"10.60692/nkkqd-awf03","title":"Desalination at ambient temperature and pressure by a novel class of biporous anisotropic membrane","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Water vapor; Evaporation; Vapor pressure; Flux (metallurgy); Vapour pressure of water; Bubble","score_opus":0.012202636246895208,"score_gpt":0.18715147991183112,"score_spread":0.1749488436649359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920492368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9567954,0.0036380065,0.033873428,0.00031926922,0.000072762065,0.00004275618,0.00032561252,0.00041737128,0.0045153247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746595,0.002063157,0.021266688,0.00007923758,0.00003564304,0.000054809792,0.00022570124,0.000025581849,0.001589574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998486,0.00001311826,0.000012409178,0.000032256776,0.00006436395,0.000029263829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991417,0.000010196214,0.000029420948,0.000008859384,0.00002398814,0.00001332029],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012211263,0.00026349345,0.00024389027,0.0003006427,0.00018314186,0.00025180617,0.00033943605,0.00043634934,0.00033640667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017059814,0.00013130846,0.00026920976,0.000248995,0.0001433677,0.00047070257,0.00024540132,0.00030216225,0.00020526352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003935556,0.00001559353,0.00014834132,0.000103302475,0.000006900766,0.000088809655,0.0000136228045,0.00036836707,0.99329597,0.0003184536,0.00010013145,0.0055012535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021605905,0.00019396012,0.001910629,0.000011240297,0.000027680559,0.00074588874,0.00003169705,0.012544415,0.97320896,0.00020092426,0.0110712,0.000031737218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077303825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080985035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077303825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002762896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014756861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020045638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920527482","doi":"10.60692/zjwfk-43q34","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Organic solvent","score_opus":0.03753600602202273,"score_gpt":0.23023034639370868,"score_spread":0.19269434037168595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920527482","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005068678,0.99417084,0.0008378733,0.00029347537,0.0011016058,0.00001821666,0.00013137753,0.000023048759,0.0029165621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016004788,0.99291176,0.00096910825,0.00038024454,0.0007478358,0.000019003219,0.00020696598,0.0000073351043,0.003157238],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979967,0.00003129568,0.000039375016,0.000043410237,0.00006827344,0.00001805853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997118,0.00010038646,0.000058189442,0.000008598724,0.00009979474,0.000021305803],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033870488,0.0008618893,0.0009119966,0.0019034514,0.00029786813,0.0006739927,0.00041980957,0.0007272041,0.0068391575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043385726,0.00028356552,0.0006484907,0.0023952355,0.00014463064,0.0014352635,0.00040572713,0.0008075221,0.0032833063],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018114866,0.00012931562,0.00018289512,0.056602564,0.00019748481,0.00042119893,0.000107121494,0.00063901726,0.024919907,0.004046999,0.0656271,0.8469452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008610028,0.00017699036,0.0006016102,0.0024896178,0.00013136197,0.00057437044,0.000036361962,0.00009978967,0.0040813065,0.0008847763,0.9908936,0.000021577676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073511875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012662038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068391575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033487985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007946259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022879243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920654200","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.11097227","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Water treatment; Permeation","score_opus":0.03481242496045464,"score_gpt":0.27061855960863995,"score_spread":0.2358061346481853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920654200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724025,0.0023736265,0.022857135,0.00015494831,0.00007424992,0.000057273282,0.00017096914,0.00028620646,0.0016231468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982843,0.0011727395,0.012763507,0.00004283354,0.000014862288,0.000034808647,0.00013120032,0.000031667107,0.0029654216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998696,0.000013206781,0.000008826302,0.000027346014,0.0000617326,0.000019269319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999337,0.000012612787,0.00002010645,0.0000041190124,0.000018074565,0.000011316017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016339988,0.00038278932,0.00020172492,0.00023299875,0.00014531893,0.0003369978,0.00024594238,0.0004862501,0.00052515767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018569913,0.0001706751,0.00024164784,0.00012894416,0.00018166321,0.0004996753,0.0002447419,0.00046692684,0.00022319195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069915554,0.0000056788112,0.00001329093,0.000015901564,0.0000014982229,0.000010409244,0.0000026929974,0.000058511,0.99950826,0.000017903145,0.0000069211947,0.00035185937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032025769,0.000063631865,0.000349049,0.000002231688,0.0000063543116,0.0000347501,0.000008162451,0.00095817994,0.99770653,0.000016395386,0.0008485362,0.000002988765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006731091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001971054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006731091,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032872055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018938107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023850203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920722736","doi":"10.60692/k3ms8-jg734","title":"One-step synthesis of zwitterionic graphene oxide nanohybrid: Application to polysulfone tight ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Hydroxide; Oxide","score_opus":0.018370590207765457,"score_gpt":0.1936918336980418,"score_spread":0.17532124349027634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920722736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770672,0.0015067593,0.01972531,0.00013650728,0.000047226968,0.000084618114,0.0002398214,0.00022368145,0.00096900447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97932726,0.00082219025,0.017799318,0.000054049135,0.000009469364,0.000055406905,0.0001784965,0.000025375939,0.0017284444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990344,0.000009597372,0.000008139981,0.000023084325,0.000036557627,0.000019157429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993575,0.00000865819,0.000017673678,0.000005958541,0.000019476414,0.0000125507295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016739445,0.00042588764,0.00022646999,0.00024800465,0.00015931594,0.00016489223,0.00024259662,0.0004770201,0.0004194831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011652712,0.00013188193,0.0003290805,0.00016033408,0.00013821493,0.00026669927,0.000203859,0.00028921352,0.00022036735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004577018,0.0000044068834,0.000013935113,0.000017949491,0.0000020297032,0.000016465852,0.000005050252,0.00003206597,0.99947685,0.000017790184,0.0000069354337,0.0004019541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025133447,0.000073295225,0.00043210853,0.0000020028617,0.000008605354,0.00006340004,0.000011189128,0.0003925136,0.99831545,0.000016227243,0.0006770273,0.000005742864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075038185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020754405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075038185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030177215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001575815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021895766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6923777563","doi":"10.14288/1.0442034","title":"Chemical cleaning protocols for passive gravity driven membrane filtration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sodium hypochlorite; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cleaning agent; Membrane; Chemical agents","score_opus":0.011916896242011938,"score_gpt":0.21427250858118113,"score_spread":0.20235561233916918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6923777563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.783259,0.0057712262,0.19143838,0.00036032757,0.00040881502,0.0072723883,0.003058616,0.0010567437,0.007374598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.57961506,0.011367418,0.37465093,0.0004896991,0.0001262747,0.01404813,0.0080379,0.00042800512,0.011236579],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981153,0.00021784399,0.0002558003,0.00038204857,0.00086505467,0.00016402738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991304,0.00014337755,0.00016093443,0.00013493089,0.00039820373,0.00003215783],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013831055,0.0008536983,0.0005588548,0.00080566696,0.0008593099,0.0004675925,0.0008816654,0.0008593452,0.0017711822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013579361,0.00038010842,0.0005968954,0.0006432364,0.00041562194,0.00052068575,0.00060890644,0.0010435664,0.00096767995],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000395677,0.000047485813,0.00021588002,0.00023489221,0.000009618665,0.000044638924,0.000071726674,0.00018877613,0.9937204,0.00013730284,0.00021171664,0.005077985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014223462,0.0003321095,0.0015635085,0.000040019022,0.000024750887,0.000116215524,0.000052334006,0.00051213935,0.9847089,0.00008574059,0.012520313,0.000029747156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024983075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004522627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024983075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000700633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00087881624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007314682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6924487890","doi":"10.15468/dl.xh2z2o","title":"Occurrence Download","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Global Biodiversity Information Facility","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Download; Matching (statistics); Range (aeronautics); Data set; Confidentiality","score_opus":0.01973491509066134,"score_gpt":0.22674003989001662,"score_spread":0.2070051247993553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6924487890","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000044848635,0.0000322641,0.000034937577,0.000034995603,0.000009340704,0.000004902646,0.9990594,0.00030145881,0.0004779105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00015965782,0.0000369514,0.00014728792,0.00003887181,0.0000027687581,0.000032368782,0.9991591,0.0000847718,0.00033823424],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887675,0.0001442125,0.0001557279,0.00038043738,0.00026015597,0.00018261159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977188,0.0006251601,0.00024383957,0.00056491897,0.0005902316,0.00025705146],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010106917,0.0021478075,0.0016507565,0.0052110166,0.00092326413,0.0026135163,0.0030285,0.0022654976,0.11382197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0059676473,0.00087079674,0.0012788519,0.010250193,0.00044718754,0.002240253,0.0023730577,0.001959013,0.16527095],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038184284,0.000014267473,0.0005612898,0.0006780853,0.000022168519,0.00001905199,0.000023662558,0.00020146003,0.00012482112,0.000430135,0.99624735,0.0016395376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009268211,0.000009648307,0.0024191819,0.00024228064,0.00001826696,0.00004057161,0.00007037079,0.00022365154,0.00021696821,0.0008063839,0.9958402,0.000019846968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026281286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.039776795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.886178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019038608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002561654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3807724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6930915886","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.13336102","title":"+⨳9⨳1⨳-⨳8⨳0⨳9⨳4⨳7⨳7⨳4⨳4⨳0⨳4 GET BACK LOST LOVER AFTER DIVORCE","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wife; Miracle; MAGIC (telescope); Caster; Mistake; Happening; Front (military); Romance","score_opus":0.01975055865307716,"score_gpt":0.2313433571468357,"score_spread":0.21159279849375856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6930915886","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0055006496,0.0014089776,0.00067841774,0.011470106,0.0054314164,0.000353705,0.003991418,0.0023659351,0.96879935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006942886,0.001060528,0.0004911191,0.0032169365,0.00070616085,0.00011491778,0.0010145934,0.0003953938,0.98605746],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999684,0.000032655447,0.0000138274645,0.000033123357,0.000099462086,0.00013697613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99820614,0.00007234197,0.0000752447,0.00007195322,0.00032694064,0.0012473374],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039607083,0.0005074363,0.0005034318,0.0005812102,0.0028676658,0.001999357,0.0007109667,0.0011172513,0.85897386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022433982,0.0002759284,0.00054354424,0.00045101088,0.0003148168,0.0015020474,0.003512169,0.001502926,0.70863616],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002457129,0.00004152233,0.00031393176,0.00004743523,0.0000013077678,0.00008397834,0.00010314333,0.0000075309968,0.00007346316,0.0002331833,0.94278854,0.056281384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021802127,0.00006504154,0.002282166,0.00011241278,0.000003038258,0.00030439228,0.00073654257,0.000023654771,0.0001258049,0.00028996987,0.99602485,0.000010307793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002200694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007835752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14102614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004285451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061696896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20115662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6949998014","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4341637","title":"Ovaskella ovaskae Shear & Richart & Wong 2020, new species","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gonopod; Paratype; Holotype; Seta; Taxonomy (biology)","score_opus":0.04108336654708579,"score_gpt":0.22939547957665782,"score_spread":0.18831211302957201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6949998014","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25570497,0.04341521,0.007771068,0.0013735587,0.0027044616,0.00103406,0.010497002,0.0020501304,0.67544943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8138279,0.020101009,0.0099878665,0.0012814191,0.0007074101,0.0005033982,0.007315901,0.00022372954,0.14605142],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984086,0.000008313714,0.00001683706,0.00005367376,0.000052293686,0.000028014561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978167,0.000027020615,0.00006169975,0.00002338395,0.00007482092,0.000031299653],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113104776,0.0008370796,0.00042750814,0.0023580873,0.0023992062,0.0009766844,0.0008777162,0.0006180121,0.016985955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045987786,0.00047507184,0.00026652412,0.0013306697,0.0010168493,0.0017160869,0.0013348254,0.00097355584,0.008548698],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045669245,0.00013333214,0.021573186,0.0015238355,0.00008514089,0.0034602182,0.0030763436,0.0011543707,0.017828686,0.0056314426,0.061446026,0.88363075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000092260314,0.00014612445,0.114182584,0.0012941429,0.00010870591,0.007513573,0.002492539,0.00037842858,0.0010723149,0.0013642572,0.87130517,0.00004995807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02352066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07062253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02352066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062156253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010110461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05682367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6957956136","doi":"10.60692/pt5gv-9qj95","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Organic solvent","score_opus":0.03753600602202273,"score_gpt":0.23023034639370868,"score_spread":0.19269434037168595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6957956136","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005068678,0.99417084,0.0008378733,0.00029347537,0.0011016058,0.00001821666,0.00013137753,0.000023048759,0.0029165621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016004788,0.99291176,0.00096910825,0.00038024454,0.0007478358,0.000019003219,0.00020696598,0.0000073351043,0.003157238],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979967,0.00003129568,0.000039375016,0.000043410237,0.00006827344,0.00001805853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997118,0.00010038646,0.000058189442,0.000008598724,0.00009979474,0.000021305803],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033870488,0.0008618893,0.0009119966,0.0019034514,0.00029786813,0.0006739927,0.00041980957,0.0007272041,0.0068391575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043385726,0.00028356552,0.0006484907,0.0023952355,0.00014463064,0.0014352635,0.00040572713,0.0008075221,0.0032833063],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018114866,0.00012931562,0.00018289512,0.056602564,0.00019748481,0.00042119893,0.000107121494,0.00063901726,0.024919907,0.004046999,0.0656271,0.8469452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008610028,0.00017699036,0.0006016102,0.0024896178,0.00013136197,0.00057437044,0.000036361962,0.00009978967,0.0040813065,0.0008847763,0.9908936,0.000021577676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073511875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012662038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068391575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033487985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007946259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022879243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6976583709","doi":"10.60692/6ga0f-kxy32","title":"One-step synthesis of zwitterionic graphene oxide nanohybrid: Application to polysulfone tight ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Hydroxide; Oxide","score_opus":0.018370590207765457,"score_gpt":0.1936918336980418,"score_spread":0.17532124349027634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6976583709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770672,0.0015067593,0.01972531,0.00013650728,0.000047226968,0.000084618114,0.0002398214,0.00022368145,0.00096900447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97932726,0.00082219025,0.017799318,0.000054049135,0.000009469364,0.000055406905,0.0001784965,0.000025375939,0.0017284444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990344,0.000009597372,0.000008139981,0.000023084325,0.000036557627,0.000019157429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993575,0.00000865819,0.000017673678,0.000005958541,0.000019476414,0.0000125507295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016739445,0.00042588764,0.00022646999,0.00024800465,0.00015931594,0.00016489223,0.00024259662,0.0004770201,0.0004194831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011652712,0.00013188193,0.0003290805,0.00016033408,0.00013821493,0.00026669927,0.000203859,0.00028921352,0.00022036735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004577018,0.0000044068834,0.000013935113,0.000017949491,0.0000020297032,0.000016465852,0.000005050252,0.00003206597,0.99947685,0.000017790184,0.0000069354337,0.0004019541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025133447,0.000073295225,0.00043210853,0.0000020028617,0.000008605354,0.00006340004,0.000011189128,0.0003925136,0.99831545,0.000016227243,0.0006770273,0.000005742864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075038185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020754405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00075038185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030177215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001575815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021895766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6977199948","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.11097227.v1","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Water treatment; Permeation","score_opus":0.031936622746044994,"score_gpt":0.2403672297967619,"score_spread":0.2084306070507169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6977199948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9687063,0.0024961375,0.02584595,0.00019852121,0.00009539442,0.00006694908,0.00022188837,0.00039758973,0.0019713126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787668,0.0011425194,0.015848717,0.00005483664,0.000017709242,0.000040773368,0.00017555358,0.000041357827,0.003911799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998704,0.000013218182,0.000008591726,0.00002724878,0.000059766673,0.000020815121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999356,0.00001250082,0.000019587524,0.000004522793,0.000017100843,0.000010711869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017396944,0.00040499622,0.00020369714,0.00024581086,0.00014455688,0.00034341653,0.00026203913,0.0005125717,0.0006876159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018143453,0.00018224336,0.0002659497,0.00012793973,0.00017625406,0.00054175954,0.0002623531,0.0004990161,0.00028634394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000697068,0.000005666982,0.000011062066,0.000014494252,0.0000014656388,0.000010246577,0.0000023324283,0.000049490158,0.9995334,0.00001718527,0.000008480141,0.00033909973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030959218,0.000055296066,0.00032611165,0.000001982543,0.0000053662575,0.000030221105,0.000006286584,0.0008604325,0.99790037,0.000015319358,0.00079274876,0.0000028016334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00062728673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018587816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006876159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032356047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017213721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023476481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6979782121","doi":"","title":"Afghan school principals' leadership practices: Evolving roles that shape schoolteachers’ instructional approaches and achieve students’ learning outcome","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Outcome (game theory); Outcome-based education; Work (physics); Context (archaeology); Afghan; Experiential learning","score_opus":0.10105995440721054,"score_gpt":0.3007316055808383,"score_spread":0.19967165117362773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6979782121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9828803,0.00024149547,0.00025559845,0.003266242,0.00006138986,0.000033785538,0.000024317273,0.000018327199,0.013218577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957409,0.00018752705,0.00036827583,0.00032014595,0.000008471734,0.000030789644,0.00002734975,0.000009613327,0.0033069667],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977023,0.0007769278,0.000051074985,0.00018422828,0.0003440968,0.0009414563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99642086,0.00045137093,0.00044372556,0.00008755951,0.0008717582,0.0017247542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043397667,0.00021396996,0.00020779828,0.0005769333,0.006678791,0.0037631122,0.00066188886,0.0006316367,0.0044554975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0054906565,0.00026383682,0.00020645889,0.0006064819,0.0018712076,0.0010992875,0.001928965,0.0014172413,0.00096050114],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035406076,0.002115017,0.48893368,0.0001322337,0.00004783915,0.00033427047,0.2683772,0.00011172424,0.0046512987,0.0029296551,0.016272724,0.2157403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006746757,0.0004973137,0.5790743,0.00018971057,0.000029755754,0.000088750436,0.40142146,0.00012854517,0.0011363914,0.0007841583,0.016555982,0.000026186864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024936723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11601525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024936723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002848705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009010043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.049583197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982058931","doi":"","title":"Graphene Based Membranes for High Salinity, Produced Water Treatment by Pervaporation Separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Pervaporation; Membrane; Produced water; Graphene; Aqueous solution; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Oxide; Wastewater; Hydrolysis","score_opus":0.016485063794956213,"score_gpt":0.23331180053263656,"score_spread":0.21682673673768035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982058931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.940691,0.0151466215,0.034636915,0.0008594761,0.0002244148,0.00007558418,0.00053606747,0.00045750284,0.0073724496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830488,0.0041432325,0.010032189,0.00009919187,0.000017564818,0.000021061946,0.00015274156,0.00001670326,0.0024684442],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998684,0.000019178968,0.0000074993686,0.000020176089,0.00006600889,0.000018707138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999597,0.000008323683,0.0000096380145,0.0000048686684,0.000012186996,0.000005237045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012540219,0.00041188224,0.00016658907,0.00041771834,0.00022608231,0.0002572678,0.00027922424,0.0006122666,0.00071149744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013706235,0.000115827956,0.00035876108,0.00030703473,0.00015640742,0.00051991706,0.000273164,0.00042109535,0.00026967656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001994319,0.00001635129,0.00011136994,0.00015663198,0.000011736648,0.000090139394,0.000013654449,0.0003538123,0.99168867,0.00030063375,0.00013624474,0.007100873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004542842,0.000112456844,0.0010154385,0.000011253081,0.000017510216,0.00016128006,0.000029546081,0.0021767286,0.99057126,0.00017957669,0.0057072323,0.000013303625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070823473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017584078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071149744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031975732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015981117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023801923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982656156","doi":"","title":"Jacobs-AECOM JV Selected To Upgrade Metro Vancouver's Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Upgrade; Wastewater; Water treatment","score_opus":0.010674758656932246,"score_gpt":0.22896702848116463,"score_spread":0.2182922698242324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982656156","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020671703,0.0004971689,0.003530499,0.0052341535,0.0027531357,0.0009364804,0.00259914,0.003072014,0.96070576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00782683,0.000086033775,0.00053310447,0.00027963502,0.000043354255,0.000020110903,0.00043532508,0.00012665663,0.99064904],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929416,0.000026247879,0.000006774725,0.000074917785,0.00041353848,0.00018441245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998796,0.000022056796,0.000011860105,0.000037455342,0.00061952474,0.00051305554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007490348,0.0009303471,0.0003267138,0.0012593463,0.0029699013,0.0025297897,0.0005164576,0.001502742,0.13462272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044657878,0.00047454928,0.0004877497,0.00038090665,0.0004032447,0.0004815262,0.00097427866,0.0017983221,0.038230445],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019380431,0.0002892902,0.0033127265,0.0000713007,0.000015544296,0.00049971,0.000086161046,0.0005666242,0.010283907,0.0016222195,0.8711537,0.111904986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042754316,0.00015728305,0.006750187,0.00002168885,0.00000998687,0.000108215005,0.00015132186,0.0010429524,0.003078522,0.00013825094,0.98848456,0.000014288706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.15640913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.56505257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84359086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029602733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006322822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45035785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982660802","doi":"","title":"Jacobs-AECOM JV Selected To Upgrade Metro Vancouver's Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Upgrade; Wastewater; Water treatment","score_opus":0.010674758656932246,"score_gpt":0.22896702848116463,"score_spread":0.2182922698242324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982660802","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020671703,0.0004971689,0.003530499,0.0052341535,0.0027531357,0.0009364804,0.00259914,0.003072014,0.96070576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00782683,0.000086033775,0.00053310447,0.00027963502,0.000043354255,0.000020110903,0.00043532508,0.00012665663,0.99064904],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929416,0.000026247879,0.000006774725,0.000074917785,0.00041353848,0.00018441245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998796,0.000022056796,0.000011860105,0.000037455342,0.00061952474,0.00051305554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007490348,0.0009303471,0.0003267138,0.0012593463,0.0029699013,0.0025297897,0.0005164576,0.001502742,0.13462272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044657878,0.00047454928,0.0004877497,0.00038090665,0.0004032447,0.0004815262,0.00097427866,0.0017983221,0.038230445],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019380431,0.0002892902,0.0033127265,0.0000713007,0.000015544296,0.00049971,0.000086161046,0.0005666242,0.010283907,0.0016222195,0.8711537,0.111904986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042754316,0.00015728305,0.006750187,0.00002168885,0.00000998687,0.000108215005,0.00015132186,0.0010429524,0.003078522,0.00013825094,0.98848456,0.000014288706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.15640913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.56505257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84359086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029602733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006322822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45035785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6986445750","doi":"","title":"Pilot Study of Engineered Biofiltrations as Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration: Effects on Fouling and Disinfection By-products","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Fouling; Effluent; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Chlorine; Coagulation; Membrane fouling","score_opus":0.017143421123621716,"score_gpt":0.2580681275502742,"score_spread":0.24092470642665248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6986445750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99899095,0.00008318304,0.0006215443,0.000010636731,0.0000038705607,0.000042581876,0.00006891265,0.0000087583685,0.0001694833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99623495,0.00026897158,0.002475281,0.00002640915,0.0000032505702,0.00003703161,0.000160007,0.000008125128,0.00078607304],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997658,0.0000444425,0.000020376541,0.000048213085,0.0000740141,0.00004715978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978095,0.00005567723,0.000040968986,0.000019463358,0.000072939896,0.000030008612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039015914,0.00039350524,0.00031720017,0.00012514261,0.00040254835,0.0005154192,0.00027573985,0.0004061896,0.0004520122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034695546,0.00012745181,0.0004445689,0.00015812847,0.00017129513,0.00023684224,0.0002372269,0.00036741912,0.00008954877],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030482278,0.0005274274,0.0015216689,0.00008686902,0.000021552258,0.00006332972,0.00008417345,0.00034757383,0.9936293,0.000026127893,0.000035663586,0.0033515466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003634117,0.0030035155,0.007503886,0.00000795594,0.000052287687,0.00006334139,0.00007231572,0.00072043,0.9879753,0.000012999469,0.00054375594,0.000007767128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042166067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006518851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042166067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042503024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004970557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008384109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6993189234","doi":"","title":"Nouvelle conception d'intégration des fibres creuses d'une membrane aux boues activées (BRM) dans le traitement des eaux usées de l'industrie des pâtes et papiers.","year":2006,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"EspaceINRS (National Institute for Scientific Research (Canada))","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Water circulation; Fresh water","score_opus":0.05791732889023731,"score_gpt":0.33089083435455513,"score_spread":0.2729735054643178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6993189234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54748815,0.043526866,0.35639864,0.0013083096,0.0007671848,0.0005304491,0.00054745405,0.0006340219,0.048798904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.77267617,0.014844389,0.17492427,0.00043666005,0.00008237041,0.00028280247,0.0004502724,0.00012974846,0.036173325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909353,0.00009691619,0.000040776536,0.0002468967,0.00042351242,0.000098455545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996124,0.000061251456,0.00007825451,0.000046326073,0.00016005262,0.00004176775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011242614,0.0005425796,0.00038270795,0.00065274216,0.000631331,0.0018011327,0.00059288426,0.0016699098,0.0015967693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00075477886,0.00041598777,0.0007478266,0.00058694824,0.0007466588,0.0014795569,0.0006260378,0.0010145743,0.0009974906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009590521,0.00007023987,0.0012306767,0.0007205785,0.000037277936,0.00023614732,0.00029957452,0.0018220469,0.93589026,0.006778621,0.00031376223,0.052504923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016745993,0.00067132665,0.005725292,0.00022324435,0.000110596106,0.0010208295,0.0002815785,0.0062986296,0.8828481,0.0012609259,0.10146276,0.000079986494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028789095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005328401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028789095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012799992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085846003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009287059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6998937144","doi":"","title":"Building Leaders In Sustainability At McGill","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"","score_opus":0.019814741872686188,"score_gpt":0.2718335218889244,"score_spread":0.25201878001623823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6998937144","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007038752,0.0028036365,0.0024327908,0.3707415,0.019135602,0.00020850757,0.0009747162,0.0010359599,0.5956285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017476508,0.0006208288,0.0011258677,0.02998893,0.00059042097,0.000081049875,0.0001624449,0.00018626534,0.94976765],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968919,0.00035612297,0.000029245739,0.00021760084,0.0008413264,0.0016638093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9821218,0.0006051989,0.00019275313,0.00015960529,0.0017835721,0.01513714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003503347,0.00092885335,0.00020932111,0.0008037189,0.007066251,0.0069141444,0.0015808684,0.005400839,0.24652956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004890763,0.00033647002,0.00037248552,0.00046199895,0.0022636103,0.0041325684,0.00663085,0.0054984684,0.038512092],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026012764,0.000047797548,0.00037319088,0.00004228954,0.0000014365908,0.00016594885,0.00027627044,0.00006689821,0.000485459,0.020146318,0.95213753,0.026230786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000083782725,0.000016003953,0.00041325312,0.00004949217,0.000001112474,0.00003390616,0.0004391905,0.00008162369,0.00020616822,0.0020464528,0.9966965,0.000008068725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.12547372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3916282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87452626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.012385924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.053925324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82472354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999360642","doi":"","title":"Comparison of CTA and TFC FO-membranes for water recovery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fouling; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Water treatment; Cellulose triacetate","score_opus":0.011609318260139596,"score_gpt":0.246714437475703,"score_spread":0.23510511921556343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999360642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9167733,0.04192527,0.018442212,0.0011610498,0.00066850416,0.00022034546,0.0019131106,0.0005573409,0.018338839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93810123,0.026561303,0.019129045,0.0003813463,0.00009564009,0.00022909041,0.0018012502,0.00014551752,0.013555669],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995394,0.0000555102,0.000046274476,0.00006118282,0.00018885432,0.00010884759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996555,0.00008389715,0.000056202247,0.000021107544,0.00015100738,0.000032331292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063036475,0.0006040317,0.0005301125,0.0008835122,0.00041952913,0.00070764776,0.0006042548,0.00076992624,0.0030076199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00093704986,0.00022445447,0.00071249047,0.0008409262,0.00017119356,0.0013737862,0.0003024738,0.0006398433,0.0014069176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058137806,0.0000941444,0.00031829,0.0010816612,0.000064217376,0.00019386681,0.00008220306,0.00062170404,0.9721871,0.0006569973,0.0010937343,0.023024736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012633128,0.00034468758,0.0016547071,0.000055267396,0.00006366548,0.00020115891,0.00010360384,0.002128169,0.98385656,0.00010942778,0.011442251,0.000027861683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029152385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003056349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030076199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045702874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004843077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010061502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999381325","doi":"","title":"Contact Outlook 365 mail?=☏+1-844 775 6411? microsoft Outlook 365 mail contact help desk phone number","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Phone; Electronic mail; Helpline; The Internet; Desk","score_opus":0.010997759915262363,"score_gpt":0.2503431741199382,"score_spread":0.23934541420467587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999381325","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005694942,0.0001574066,0.00056646735,0.0003650861,0.00081906025,0.00013057345,0.0028748785,0.0059445607,0.9885725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00093905325,0.00013473297,0.00026930883,0.00022154642,0.00014015798,0.00004667116,0.0012995802,0.0012269905,0.99572194],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994337,0.000039064285,0.000022757784,0.00012610851,0.00026781706,0.000110526285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840146,0.00012775788,0.00006695589,0.00016439299,0.00052236236,0.00071702764],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053313485,0.0021292078,0.0014603991,0.0017064291,0.0022187794,0.005365207,0.0012178783,0.0023127585,0.96043164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015428894,0.0011435803,0.0011121442,0.0011397196,0.00033387632,0.0028488827,0.0024098011,0.0017150603,0.96212286],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050023384,0.000062655236,0.00015202916,0.000068722424,0.000003840054,0.00004459571,0.000022429647,0.000042194835,0.0005508621,0.0005561791,0.96388596,0.03456051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006942343,0.00009775738,0.0010833984,0.00009755919,0.000017351591,0.00008956301,0.00010936901,0.00018009216,0.0006871332,0.00057604874,0.9969643,0.000028010736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004047399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006954773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039568365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009933459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001562734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05643946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999558711","doi":"","title":"Desarrollo de membranas poliméricas con propiedades Antifouling","year":2010,"lang":"es","type":"dissertation","venue":"e-Archivo (Carlos III University of Madrid)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polymeric membrane; Fouling; Desalination","score_opus":0.012952962668078133,"score_gpt":0.2341495313268722,"score_spread":0.22119656865879406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999558711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98624486,0.003761454,0.007779993,0.00012720085,0.000041210536,0.000037533788,0.00014154085,0.00012614309,0.001740042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98427975,0.0028740899,0.008445635,0.00015729446,0.000016724956,0.0000440119,0.00021903981,0.000045395907,0.003918049],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998462,0.000018257897,0.000007746142,0.000047285084,0.000047803882,0.00003264294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987257,0.000034289948,0.000029868941,0.000012521555,0.00002967785,0.000020979922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021531986,0.0002947463,0.00025279724,0.00014655812,0.0001823527,0.0004866804,0.00024810893,0.0003964427,0.0010917718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025291607,0.00010975719,0.00030419568,0.00021650814,0.00020790055,0.0004685969,0.0002677058,0.00047198933,0.00030755595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052183346,0.000015865511,0.00010217256,0.00006846784,0.0000041715452,0.00002735376,0.000014478042,0.00010332717,0.9969988,0.000047515154,0.0000151365675,0.0025505484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006690909,0.0002825519,0.0011365485,0.000011158105,0.000017720175,0.000065770786,0.00003431338,0.0008296647,0.99323165,0.00003021467,0.0043487055,0.000004956623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010891659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013049652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010917718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037199064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026690634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036523342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7006298649","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER MIDSTREAM AND INFRASTRUCTURE LTD. ANNOUNCES SECOND QUARTER 2024 RESULTS AND OPERATIONAL UPDATE","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Midstream; Quarter (Canadian coin); Tidewater; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.004840165532032772,"score_gpt":0.21928409067752488,"score_spread":0.21444392514549213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7006298649","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0030180898,0.0011044174,0.0033760702,0.030526798,0.019206962,0.00062496954,0.06562253,0.005018748,0.8715013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00439495,0.00055693253,0.0016000844,0.00681046,0.0008448804,0.00013639423,0.026037097,0.00092066504,0.9586985],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969409,0.00014959917,0.00008167105,0.00011991868,0.0023160465,0.0003918947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99171877,0.0005508844,0.00016598469,0.00024625222,0.00625831,0.0010598083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036758306,0.0010888117,0.00066948956,0.0019887213,0.0020568566,0.0062731234,0.0018284398,0.004643955,0.28940696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0072932467,0.00050967775,0.0008379634,0.0015924507,0.00057028607,0.0033802956,0.0015102244,0.0031204638,0.18967505],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038523336,0.0000374514,0.00009497654,0.000024720033,0.0000012558885,0.000015254646,0.0000052031264,0.000041212847,0.00013610395,0.00048982253,0.9911061,0.008009344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017484832,0.000026252472,0.0006764458,0.000016038635,0.0000036910287,0.000011890314,0.000031051848,0.00018076501,0.00025065066,0.0003035101,0.9984736,0.000008577407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0850718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13253568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28940696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0037936552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.010636095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9681627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015701791","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER RENEWABLES LTD. ANNOUNCES FIRST QUARTER 2023 RESULTS &amp;amp; OPERATIONAL UPDATE","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Tidewater; Renewable energy; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.02194379061055828,"score_gpt":0.2568537212166925,"score_spread":0.2349099306061342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015701791","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001959203,0.0014107702,0.002711783,0.02217338,0.0151217,0.00031127624,0.030965498,0.004433206,0.92091316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006516988,0.0011274099,0.0018640783,0.007963522,0.0014329575,0.000116303956,0.016284198,0.0011733795,0.96352106],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838364,0.000073200055,0.00004781715,0.00007710996,0.0012361078,0.00018210016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944582,0.0005055671,0.00014800264,0.00020765536,0.003970103,0.00071059563],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002245314,0.0008110011,0.0004911787,0.0014560858,0.001508871,0.005217856,0.0012127449,0.003299098,0.29054007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047846814,0.0003612853,0.0007111399,0.0012631508,0.00042839587,0.0027112798,0.00095634995,0.0027006431,0.20429298],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030219659,0.000033974255,0.000066811954,0.000038266353,0.0000011720361,0.000018473911,0.000005409165,0.000040992418,0.00019250256,0.00067478936,0.986725,0.012172428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009531995,0.000014852536,0.0003663011,0.000014028772,0.0000024355877,0.000012451546,0.000016693088,0.000086962325,0.00023905055,0.00035799338,0.9988746,0.000005136175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.028223844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05544149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7094599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002101347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0049313684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97195333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7017867570","doi":"","title":"Cleaning strategies for reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Membrane; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Diafiltration","score_opus":0.0290792603723158,"score_gpt":0.2477299235827917,"score_spread":0.21865066321047588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7017867570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9647374,0.011044061,0.018913846,0.0006465455,0.00013166163,0.00016036359,0.00013831999,0.000083281186,0.004144478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9740182,0.006121615,0.01553732,0.00019630666,0.000023674325,0.00006342301,0.00020893208,0.000022014894,0.003808512],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996878,0.000042300864,0.000029356781,0.000050325587,0.00011008683,0.00008018946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990404,0.000020539941,0.000020348985,0.0000069714824,0.000040593255,0.000007367019],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036806715,0.00046066806,0.00043411148,0.00045819124,0.0005529032,0.0008708747,0.00053128705,0.00089931535,0.00087201816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024758576,0.00028028846,0.0006574725,0.00022417087,0.0001922759,0.00082145515,0.00050205743,0.0004917387,0.00039164972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000111299305,0.00006595277,0.00040936586,0.0002594023,0.000024813991,0.00008147811,0.00008225729,0.00089774386,0.98233116,0.00024879852,0.00016154743,0.015326244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018402907,0.00029857096,0.0016334016,0.000034878445,0.000045793106,0.00013090242,0.00022950552,0.0035275302,0.98910016,0.00024313983,0.004720969,0.000016867963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014177961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002728298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014177961,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004982468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037519336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7018755349","doi":"","title":"Economics of Sea Water Desalination with Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Other Energy Sources: The EURODESAL Project","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Fossil fuel; Coal; Natural gas; Energy source; Nuclear reactor","score_opus":0.04485950859535463,"score_gpt":0.25754477899194433,"score_spread":0.2126852703965897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7018755349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85929763,0.019255653,0.015225457,0.0043113315,0.00014272533,0.000121193414,0.0011697044,0.00008504615,0.10039133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97774124,0.0068372837,0.005002588,0.00013540624,0.00006023435,0.000050704413,0.00045434808,0.00003015294,0.009688119],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987803,0.00043234747,0.00003142142,0.000114753835,0.00055598124,0.00008508739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932134,0.00023306327,0.00015862008,0.000050763534,0.00018703779,0.00004918974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016670115,0.00048562032,0.00021726872,0.0011873043,0.000204335,0.001392961,0.00040423323,0.00062967546,0.0021007182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016144379,0.00014208013,0.00039647767,0.0009197719,0.0007191868,0.0015062497,0.0007574383,0.00039415382,0.00020141434],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003868019,0.00062309246,0.03973713,0.0019031514,0.0005669787,0.0016852523,0.00022482194,0.20604883,0.027038673,0.25070268,0.010159703,0.45744166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080811547,0.00359878,0.19823106,0.0008094692,0.0005423294,0.0024921675,0.0017144423,0.1343966,0.09758142,0.080756575,0.47882167,0.00024735776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032696894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003833545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034138155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034138155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011398933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.024769068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7027414639","doi":"","title":"Connor, Clark &amp;amp; Lunn Infrastructure Ltd. completó la adquisición de una participación del 80% en un parque eólico de 297 megavatios (MW) en Alberta, Canadá, a EDP Renováveis, S.A. (ENXTLS:EDPR) por un valor empresarial de aproximadamente 700 millones de dólares canadienses.","year":2024,"lang":"es","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Resilience (materials science); Metropolitan area; Field (mathematics); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.010348516729340432,"score_gpt":0.2625934270148593,"score_spread":0.2522449102855189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7027414639","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015092464,0.009877299,0.011377249,0.0108032795,0.001362433,0.0005957739,0.011604179,0.0030792265,0.93620807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.013235439,0.0022943977,0.0031449697,0.0002747061,0.00004549166,0.000025888174,0.001780499,0.00029750812,0.97890115],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986761,0.000037091493,0.0000230658,0.00013154178,0.0009729406,0.00015918181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986563,0.00009877765,0.00005184602,0.00008054366,0.00082417496,0.0002882779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010829953,0.0010117013,0.00032480012,0.0026334946,0.0029306642,0.0026156364,0.0010937955,0.0014109302,0.13678233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010837833,0.00059937534,0.00038808922,0.0023138116,0.0009387647,0.0008437487,0.0009943433,0.0013436709,0.030500302],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018190597,0.0001043901,0.0046396707,0.00040319425,0.000018988183,0.00048847095,0.00038850354,0.0005474026,0.019337775,0.01084325,0.5912183,0.37182817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010051444,0.000028945908,0.005231165,0.000056291752,0.000009089405,0.000092838796,0.00022550805,0.00029265936,0.0050922097,0.00037058606,0.9885789,0.000011721354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6407922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.87205327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3592078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009216883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.019607788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7226465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7028421045","doi":"","title":"Enseigner c'est d'abord préparer. Focus sur un dispositif qui accompagne le développement de la compétence à planifier.","year":2021,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B))","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Context (archaeology); Identity (music)","score_opus":0.01131019583439698,"score_gpt":0.20967767226300085,"score_spread":0.19836747642860386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7028421045","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.057462227,0.0041598184,0.28314105,0.02970024,0.0022959262,0.0009312301,0.0009986459,0.004156773,0.61715406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.45717743,0.0044064606,0.22575939,0.007207822,0.00051227194,0.00086034223,0.0018866914,0.002514882,0.29967466],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9946156,0.0015582525,0.00023999703,0.0012432018,0.001810243,0.00053269113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9905749,0.0030460954,0.000593369,0.0021404892,0.002596591,0.0010485512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005164756,0.0010504253,0.00051626394,0.0016426125,0.0033763654,0.009767444,0.0018390879,0.003564817,0.047270335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.017759524,0.000530768,0.00096693856,0.001405425,0.006094214,0.012058488,0.006082441,0.004186617,0.018060705],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024465073,0.00034034683,0.00749491,0.001360962,0.000084996354,0.001226989,0.036540218,0.00166039,0.008098394,0.48599133,0.07794846,0.37900826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033227938,0.00019148804,0.007373991,0.0010324023,0.00007069825,0.0008297009,0.015947724,0.0026296035,0.007695879,0.10174336,0.86233103,0.000120903445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011440369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014062246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047270335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0037569266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007169048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.158135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7035880098","doi":"","title":"Alfred Howard and the K23 Orchestra Live at The Kava Lounge on 2006-04-29","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Craft; Kava; Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.005997110004865,"score_gpt":0.17795722561273028,"score_spread":0.17196011560786528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7035880098","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017456805,0.0018449193,0.0011805805,0.015338988,0.011807635,0.00011149453,0.00251929,0.0017161741,0.96373516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012688605,0.00023134159,0.00019988646,0.00033107732,0.000116557494,0.000007973855,0.00027273572,0.00016099637,0.9974106],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995192,0.000043566004,0.000008114999,0.00006414949,0.00022559657,0.00013939406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993931,0.00002974299,0.000015525062,0.000028362561,0.00019346632,0.00033981967],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000980599,0.0007800489,0.00033593766,0.000718912,0.0041224547,0.003126569,0.00055071164,0.00088474836,0.5227087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010917032,0.0002873654,0.00032920917,0.00054013747,0.00047191174,0.0012412564,0.0019854608,0.0016450861,0.3827925],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031793425,0.000008309097,0.00009426937,0.0000150894,9.0541494e-7,0.000031846284,0.000093593226,0.000009481842,0.00021309045,0.00074879907,0.9848897,0.013863158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012924941,0.000005622295,0.00021915727,0.000010428699,5.604252e-7,0.0000122455685,0.00018479514,0.000007098062,0.00006171854,0.00008370275,0.9994111,0.0000021751812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014600693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08369375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5227087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001211292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015286038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68079805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7039490587","doi":"","title":"Mass transport and fouling of novel forward osmosis thin-film composite membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Context (archaeology); Reverse osmosis; Mass transfer; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism)","score_opus":0.00670461870801214,"score_gpt":0.1938400263712665,"score_spread":0.18713540766325434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7039490587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99512935,0.0016102662,0.0021296928,0.00007570254,0.000023424955,0.000012851372,0.000067442284,0.000021762884,0.00092959026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877962,0.0028105415,0.0053618285,0.00004245019,0.000008154603,0.00002647257,0.00013773394,0.000010715876,0.0038059908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988043,0.000012328864,0.000006391191,0.00002364767,0.000057852514,0.000019304274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992883,0.000023007022,0.000015324402,0.0000036887948,0.000022390483,0.00000669867],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020107643,0.0002116919,0.00018726634,0.00022786269,0.0001835338,0.0004548966,0.00022930112,0.0003455853,0.0003543433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018389904,0.00011636266,0.00026381493,0.00016321348,0.00013694308,0.00027828477,0.00014530397,0.0004122356,0.00019755443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003079137,0.00001992888,0.000115597155,0.000049497252,0.000004682122,0.000034983583,0.000030071202,0.000558658,0.9973314,0.00012747888,0.000047179197,0.0016497937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004721357,0.00010645747,0.00078540365,0.0000059079866,0.000006951379,0.000045591933,0.000023628996,0.0030578983,0.9948447,0.000031804902,0.0010811512,0.0000057262228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093241385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092171103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00093241385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005851129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019120055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004245281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7041804365","doi":"","title":"Jon Rafman","year":2016,"lang":"fr","type":"review","venue":"OpenEdition (OpenEdition)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exposition (narrative); Identity (music); Reel; Order (exchange); Subject (documents)","score_opus":0.031197766563569304,"score_gpt":0.28272816841533155,"score_spread":0.25153040185176223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7041804365","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011209425,0.64271814,0.0025884216,0.08889988,0.025605116,0.00006536953,0.00039945042,0.00030012257,0.2383025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01778346,0.3879849,0.0018396846,0.04136545,0.005781448,0.000111057525,0.00038616167,0.00016781378,0.54458],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874413,0.00021121363,0.00006159911,0.0002802928,0.00055509136,0.00014767687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988839,0.00031015073,0.00009941405,0.000058727728,0.0004461828,0.00020161751],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011378553,0.00074317865,0.0005530722,0.0012472365,0.0017329182,0.0037899378,0.0011859925,0.0031155385,0.073431775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004517557,0.00030394839,0.00044678064,0.001448632,0.0013141192,0.0040893788,0.001614544,0.0031262957,0.028803],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006515633,0.000029441337,0.00029198983,0.0015264413,0.00002564899,0.00024749382,0.00041918532,0.00011166708,0.00052658,0.038900394,0.7176144,0.24024165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022612217,0.0000045946103,0.00008197956,0.00020586773,0.0000028306545,0.0001114214,0.00006978694,0.0000087786275,0.00007830344,0.0011507315,0.9982791,0.0000043198975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011237581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013046726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9265682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023250775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005275077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7071689425","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER RENEWABLES LTD. ANNOUNCES THIRD QUARTER 2023 RESULTS &amp;amp; COMMENCEMENT OF HDRD COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tidewater; Quarter (Canadian coin); Renewable energy; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.037266455279509884,"score_gpt":0.28886814629105034,"score_spread":0.25160169101154045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7071689425","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0038231753,0.000679647,0.002541453,0.011065674,0.006009636,0.00023398822,0.010265432,0.003327764,0.96205324],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004341386,0.00016074703,0.0005108286,0.0012008556,0.00014070972,0.000023776443,0.002617883,0.000391198,0.9906126],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904877,0.000031418505,0.000015686415,0.000064030515,0.0007053443,0.00013476824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980416,0.00014822054,0.00005296268,0.0001494379,0.0011522282,0.0004554746],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012383166,0.0005729151,0.000358646,0.0008668429,0.001905235,0.0043203006,0.0007026179,0.0024915577,0.37395895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022400378,0.00040695738,0.00070085266,0.00061014615,0.00052388327,0.001585491,0.00104448,0.0027735692,0.20279416],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010707062,0.000068835456,0.00019907302,0.00004869806,0.000002802647,0.000069851354,0.000019175206,0.00005768287,0.0012621642,0.0025280528,0.97552085,0.020115823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015947671,0.000037149173,0.0006094463,0.000010364212,0.000002431872,0.00002375122,0.0000474138,0.0001422241,0.0009000193,0.0003961158,0.9978091,0.0000059679787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027997714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.079613335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37395895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018840125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0032590386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8929716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7094999831","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-97689-6_7","title":"Application of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Technology for Sustainable Mining Wastewater Treatment and Energy Generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in civil engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Electricity generation; Wastewater; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Fossil fuel; Leaching (pedology); Osmotic power","score_opus":0.006501942575669992,"score_gpt":0.1980059380145643,"score_spread":0.1915039954388943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7094999831","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23503718,0.22450827,0.16638911,0.0034071913,0.0027831604,0.00021633095,0.00038894886,0.00095779786,0.36631197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.51330835,0.16378069,0.062003307,0.0005466486,0.0004960205,0.00010325219,0.0004349207,0.0001339745,0.25919288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989796,0.000006570394,0.000004283248,0.000016414671,0.00006374543,0.000010943281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999979,0.0000053473755,0.0000024856795,0.00000252669,0.000008552159,0.000002040702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117112715,0.00041672168,0.00031958878,0.0005362273,0.00027283008,0.0007101173,0.00049359555,0.0005795352,0.002656625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007310913,0.00024308331,0.0006460755,0.0006786379,0.00020628142,0.0008061865,0.0005040214,0.00067979627,0.0014048209],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007140753,0.00014997047,0.0002190186,0.0011013971,0.00002827895,0.0004609241,0.000083834115,0.0022935108,0.71445423,0.0176111,0.0039719464,0.25955442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017259232,0.0004264494,0.00108582,0.0001330851,0.000051497023,0.0013619929,0.00007386041,0.009261997,0.66942894,0.008066706,0.31006438,0.000028139353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003810014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008219727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002656625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003573549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034057058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008887351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7095007880","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-97689-6_17","title":"Investigation of Carbon Dioxide and Surfactant-Based Cleaning Solutions in Chemically Enhanced Backwash (CEB) with Ceramic Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in civil engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Ceramic; Carbon dioxide; Titanium dioxide","score_opus":0.008559773760192933,"score_gpt":0.18544584233805445,"score_spread":0.17688606857786152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7095007880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99184775,0.0034982243,0.0022359018,0.000100892066,0.000048603568,0.000043920136,0.00009341693,0.000025116678,0.0021061378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98996955,0.0021001047,0.0033702448,0.000054584296,0.000012690521,0.000029367999,0.00014034894,0.000016941192,0.004306144],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972636,0.000032281143,0.000015784073,0.000039341914,0.00014766176,0.000038612485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978334,0.000100332865,0.000024913403,0.000011810195,0.00006818033,0.000011462345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032374097,0.00023997521,0.00029708113,0.00019808105,0.00027698348,0.0004540767,0.00037315956,0.00049417815,0.0007825404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036210215,0.00018927455,0.0003100478,0.00020732173,0.00030317306,0.0003581477,0.00021439043,0.00040467622,0.00021851023],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009756069,0.0000134253905,0.00009722084,0.0000890306,0.000005020191,0.000036185,0.000029479985,0.00005480362,0.99822587,0.00006401036,0.000025217227,0.0012621722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029457294,0.00009588406,0.00051433657,0.0000039242673,0.0000060794973,0.000033440203,0.00003462878,0.00028086884,0.99851257,0.0000109480525,0.0005019732,0.00000237121],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015315119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018834199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015315119,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034032972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032364222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003045261},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7095328032","doi":"","title":"Using Simulation to Engage Police","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Discussion board; Executive summary","score_opus":0.058063662116556246,"score_gpt":0.3370810768769579,"score_spread":0.27901741476040165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7095328032","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1659105,0.0007500753,0.52158195,0.010345544,0.00076064223,0.0007592102,0.0011217034,0.0026587879,0.29611155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86333257,0.0005288507,0.11660981,0.00041924795,0.00004887504,0.0007574779,0.0006502884,0.00024266061,0.017410193],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984187,0.0011529874,0.000046926674,0.0001335843,0.00012937388,0.00011845708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996073,0.0028797623,0.0001185341,0.00037634186,0.00021424692,0.0003382501],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002297889,0.00072250684,0.0004660559,0.00083172234,0.0018178516,0.0030723815,0.0015788685,0.0023046986,0.023790369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009204007,0.0004152174,0.00067518005,0.00057426764,0.0019829131,0.0033479307,0.0043027657,0.00128605,0.0018071384],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005981164,0.0007083945,0.010057621,0.000345158,0.0001302086,0.0006075647,0.00641644,0.6389055,0.0017725121,0.24072157,0.017472163,0.08226472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016304343,0.00018725872,0.00090656127,0.00017295804,0.000034336557,0.00010198599,0.002686721,0.7555266,0.0011088868,0.18511747,0.053929638,0.000064514854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012062947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013880549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023790369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016531117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024511246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.079586685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7103175441","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5691033","title":"Hot-Water Desalination using Thermally Stable Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes Reinforced with Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets (gC3N4)","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Desalination; Thermal stability; Graphitic carbon nitride; Biofouling; Fouling","score_opus":0.009343627848422744,"score_gpt":0.227762760814952,"score_spread":0.21841913296652926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7103175441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973718,0.00024856545,0.0012509348,0.00005409661,0.000031459862,0.000008814755,0.00006394621,0.00006165431,0.0009086924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99715614,0.00012676672,0.0009957871,0.000011762906,0.0000056603985,0.0000039796073,0.000051700055,0.0000139971735,0.0016341195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999087,0.000006284307,0.0000044806716,0.00002627815,0.000029190243,0.000024955907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993813,0.000017461702,0.000010182669,0.0000055972346,0.000018281704,0.000010433085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012945641,0.0002857524,0.00024371198,0.00019703635,0.0002989783,0.0003519491,0.00019143878,0.0003818168,0.0010742842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016662355,0.00015255391,0.0002497287,0.000114944334,0.00018514735,0.0005874386,0.00021955383,0.00045145393,0.0002575903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006557184,0.0000110319315,0.00009181058,0.000022113587,0.000004876304,0.000019395648,0.0000122203555,0.00014573896,0.9985983,0.00004239947,0.000027248077,0.00095925265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020939106,0.000031934214,0.00029064334,7.567732e-7,0.0000028776694,0.000009332474,0.000009046984,0.0007719809,0.99872285,0.000015344622,0.00014118013,0.0000019116087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018160224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040646633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018160224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035363916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018605555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003610909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7106265042","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113958","title":"Ni-NaY zeolite-modified polyethersulfone membranes for sustainable water treatment: Enhanced flux, contaminant rejection, and life cycle assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cancer Care Nova Scotia; Dalhousie University","funders":"Liverpool John Moores University","keywords":"Microporous material; Zeolite; Membrane; Porosity; Mesoporous material; Thermal stability; Water treatment; Ultrafiltration (renal)","score_opus":0.0070717557534006326,"score_gpt":0.2556493784839745,"score_spread":0.24857762273057388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106265042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99530244,0.0009844353,0.0032097178,0.000034321427,0.000011620121,0.000013630654,0.00007352068,0.000026414062,0.00034381196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995284,0.0007372174,0.002386881,0.000013661896,0.0000026898044,0.000011427314,0.000114625094,0.0000060697184,0.0014433548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998305,0.00002856672,0.000013275386,0.000023644414,0.0000750011,0.000029104405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999248,0.000013905654,0.000016455893,0.00000517909,0.00002976364,0.000009833501],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034026275,0.00024479232,0.00029501168,0.00021471099,0.00021470239,0.00031807626,0.00020330053,0.00044907717,0.0002613789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023120955,0.00010776741,0.00032760587,0.00019425001,0.00014813253,0.00043986703,0.00015328298,0.00026709115,0.00013261585],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002012661,0.000027422653,0.00034578348,0.0000662263,0.000011930576,0.000031997988,0.000014777831,0.0003533892,0.996086,0.00007014236,0.000021408683,0.0027697142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006088277,0.00016853189,0.0011484217,0.0000030499637,0.000011199499,0.000029204872,0.000015913447,0.0016068242,0.9964886,0.000019850666,0.00049801427,0.000004423736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018005711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034815525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018005711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004453141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034602408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035802126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115597313","doi":"10.1002/pat.70475","title":"Cellulose Acetate Ultrafiltration Membranes Engineered With Copper‐Based Metal Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Filtration and Antifouling Performance in Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Biofouling; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Humic acid; Cellulose","score_opus":0.006983991143885816,"score_gpt":0.22925024391941898,"score_spread":0.22226625277553316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115597313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995423,0.0012487054,0.0027097082,0.000035266257,0.000019906824,0.000009941151,0.00008604279,0.00006215637,0.00040525713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99500245,0.000609686,0.0034181455,0.000019435389,0.0000046926834,0.000009662761,0.000077793105,0.000010912501,0.0008472651],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999045,0.000009172553,0.000005564995,0.000016844237,0.000034796318,0.000029061877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999361,0.000008529296,0.000020467605,0.0000043786295,0.000017426233,0.000013085445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014119847,0.00032543926,0.00028397646,0.00019286384,0.00016928803,0.0002677885,0.00020721245,0.0003192106,0.00028748735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014596888,0.00012432941,0.0002752702,0.00017146934,0.00014294902,0.00031085135,0.000120209465,0.00028879938,0.00011197295],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022796352,0.0000077920695,0.00006589174,0.00002483708,0.000004297985,0.000022114247,0.000005486109,0.00006675983,0.99906343,0.000015759322,0.000010111257,0.00069079554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000023891262,0.000050259998,0.0013478991,0.0000021279404,0.000007972576,0.000046248013,0.000008600669,0.00056257454,0.99754363,0.0000051899674,0.00041923358,0.0000037694494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022303222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038331118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022303222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046999598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018028825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004434705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115820680","doi":"","title":"DEVELOPING INTEGRATED MEMBRANE PROCESSES FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"MacSphere (McMaster University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mitacs; McMaster University","keywords":"Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane technology; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Desalination; Fouling; Sewage treatment","score_opus":0.029975166106587663,"score_gpt":0.2332700971159047,"score_spread":0.20329493100931706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115820680","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.40256912,0.02151801,0.5525424,0.0020216391,0.00093267043,0.0013833207,0.0011360783,0.0026832167,0.015213495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47695684,0.022001132,0.48443907,0.00082886114,0.00012575244,0.0011309672,0.0018690597,0.00019746117,0.012450889],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908185,0.00009237299,0.00006444677,0.00024150917,0.0003925599,0.00012722464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998154,0.000026812855,0.000039450813,0.00002186818,0.000076238466,0.00002022223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009852542,0.00075687666,0.00087022485,0.0005615462,0.00038249002,0.0015294731,0.0011111462,0.0016629439,0.0013392154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000585247,0.00053294224,0.0011433308,0.00068511284,0.00034510595,0.0018238183,0.0013441541,0.0016662579,0.0013331991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003349141,0.0000935561,0.0001846347,0.00051137776,0.000029005192,0.00006653356,0.000044474775,0.0012668906,0.9732574,0.0015249442,0.00033496937,0.022652602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019582192,0.0003184276,0.0005941226,0.000059473452,0.00004719342,0.00014308143,0.000048260772,0.0065714447,0.9611451,0.0006501953,0.030379292,0.00002376157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056656054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000899806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016629439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012067804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010021467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008755863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116151188","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202568000100","title":"Renewable energies powering seawater desalination in Morocco","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Francophone University Association","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Greenhouse gas; Water-energy nexus; Fossil fuel; Sustainability; Water desalination; Sustainable development","score_opus":0.015889527426133514,"score_gpt":0.2633317823543678,"score_spread":0.24744225492823432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116151188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85874504,0.03304623,0.0027695163,0.005622186,0.0005036238,0.00005945272,0.00034039895,0.00007313647,0.09884037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98454374,0.0058818692,0.0010433645,0.0001075263,0.000068163004,0.000006501037,0.00006897392,0.000006339567,0.008273581],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999279,0.000015127736,0.000004057167,0.0000062588524,0.000021157175,0.000025621115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996877,0.000006208943,0.000005775528,0.0000017811445,0.000012922419,0.0000047005424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019165303,0.00017516957,0.00011756396,0.0003410566,0.00054964365,0.0006133813,0.000120388184,0.00024361674,0.0020182934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011835775,0.000057007586,0.00017413523,0.00034492865,0.00014263518,0.00028292742,0.00040161732,0.00015251523,0.00024958112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00093372265,0.00034322724,0.040250782,0.0039546997,0.00015977236,0.028944787,0.0038136723,0.029982887,0.27049518,0.08501119,0.030603912,0.5055062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000077745644,0.00047414226,0.11524447,0.00076892105,0.0001508378,0.0036222383,0.009459583,0.019337706,0.07112583,0.008205725,0.77146083,0.00007199333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013561026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026052155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013561026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001203647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00062450627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026964188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116893020","doi":"10.55164/ajstr.v29i1.260629","title":"Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Quality in Babylon Province, Iraq","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"ASEAN Journal of Scientific and Technological Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Contamination; Hard water; Nitrate; Total dissolved solids; Alkalinity; Chloride","score_opus":0.029837978661474966,"score_gpt":0.29558382373856057,"score_spread":0.2657458450770856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116893020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99759656,0.00025807982,0.0004556698,0.000040802744,0.000007894048,0.000048738595,0.0005566553,0.00000881649,0.0010268996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99593997,0.00043050968,0.0013662246,0.000046637015,0.000008012685,0.00004268778,0.0006300136,0.000006522634,0.0015294987],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943227,0.000056446537,0.000049170198,0.000089928595,0.00029661713,0.00007551335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995029,0.000031864296,0.0001438603,0.00001035815,0.00028000033,0.000031082975],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050600444,0.00050100236,0.00052781234,0.0011399563,0.0006011291,0.000727699,0.00032697804,0.00033461754,0.0007375188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004193016,0.0002780731,0.0003924948,0.0016963151,0.00056256325,0.00024620985,0.00036293623,0.00021603571,0.0002486458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005496517,0.00027845975,0.6855378,0.0009668294,0.0001370787,0.0014034328,0.0034362623,0.0014981654,0.2728699,0.00022091492,0.00096628605,0.032135203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014037207,0.00064699585,0.96586853,0.000065763874,0.000069070826,0.0006549228,0.003869967,0.0011543599,0.023275115,0.00006190518,0.004274826,0.00004443475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03807064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049723484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03807064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069718016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009857429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07569808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117323422","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c01066","title":"Efficient Removal of Ammonium, Heavy Metals, and Scale-Forming Cations from Oilfield Produced Water by Sulfonated Biochar","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing","keywords":"Biochar; Adsorption; Pollutant; Sulfuric acid; Produced water; Heavy metals; Cationic polymerization; Water treatment","score_opus":0.008112382567402432,"score_gpt":0.22324523124331447,"score_spread":0.21513284867591204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117323422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99541146,0.00055634277,0.0033624123,0.000041792457,0.00001525456,0.000023247343,0.00008278301,0.000044355704,0.00046235486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930428,0.0005571376,0.004894642,0.000035859517,0.000007679433,0.000011630506,0.00012857276,0.000016525444,0.001305193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987245,0.00001141688,0.000011365917,0.000019994928,0.000046844656,0.000037981572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995196,0.0000069402,0.000014664994,0.000003903539,0.000013507241,0.000009055422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015759758,0.00053723156,0.0003276783,0.00023429438,0.00014072291,0.0003065232,0.00025026835,0.00029944844,0.0003705704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001165937,0.00016776245,0.00035610527,0.00017072329,0.00019679096,0.00022936254,0.000285705,0.00030096306,0.00020915872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016722603,0.000009485964,0.00018998129,0.00002917528,0.0000026729945,0.000021214195,0.000006180699,0.00007332805,0.99831676,0.00001077185,0.000007998717,0.0013156331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025117452,0.00010033705,0.00082881795,0.0000015836665,0.0000052717746,0.000022232285,0.000014773106,0.00048898906,0.9981787,0.0000072756598,0.0003467584,0.0000027262397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016775563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045515765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016775563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002581073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002983755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033355951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117650539","doi":"10.3390/membranes16010014","title":"Dewatering Hypersaline Na2SO4 and NaCl via Commercial Forward Osmosis Module","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Dewatering; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics)","score_opus":0.008964069087268335,"score_gpt":0.2351492627512685,"score_spread":0.22618519366400017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117650539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756437,0.0002656071,0.020981286,0.000118652206,0.00003495792,0.00014504931,0.00045111898,0.00044818842,0.0019113469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9624321,0.00045820003,0.029943313,0.00008015487,0.000012600591,0.00016697378,0.0006922142,0.00006429976,0.006150193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997664,0.000013688916,0.000017949538,0.00004986468,0.0001275404,0.000024497684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999089,0.000009200929,0.00002353163,0.000011405499,0.000036937643,0.000010023753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022285408,0.0002829646,0.00022465829,0.00023329882,0.00023153427,0.00016830175,0.00047523394,0.0004921643,0.0010214088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000208953,0.00012080228,0.00033073177,0.0002061312,0.00014389827,0.00042741076,0.00030744894,0.00037109773,0.00053646555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020846635,0.0000117978425,0.00013683525,0.00003901281,0.0000030342046,0.000021464099,0.000010304372,0.000081154816,0.9977695,0.000039141196,0.00004894703,0.00181797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027268386,0.00005475356,0.00066926423,0.0000022545526,0.0000042053157,0.000056876357,0.0000075170537,0.000712157,0.99666566,0.0000111058625,0.0018097865,0.000003689145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013981262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022868891,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013981262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004144635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027066798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034169555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7124517964","doi":"","title":"New concepts for water treatment with membrane technology: From ideas to large pilot scale tests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Stormwater; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Ultrafiltration (renal); Produced water; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Raw water","score_opus":0.013279866551314592,"score_gpt":0.2320056928684009,"score_spread":0.2187258263170863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7124517964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4909908,0.030700445,0.43493408,0.006123709,0.0008198141,0.0050108284,0.0012712207,0.0015101045,0.028638955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.69743246,0.01588831,0.27229252,0.0010157422,0.0003258303,0.0026235564,0.0009898819,0.00022805658,0.009203605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99681014,0.00079918373,0.0001446485,0.00030042895,0.0017366654,0.00020896275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895346,0.00026417032,0.00012463871,0.00018849323,0.00035244803,0.00011665945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0036875673,0.0012006521,0.00071576255,0.0008412263,0.0005029852,0.0016817653,0.0014241855,0.0021875727,0.0033092662],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024366805,0.00039527568,0.00088595226,0.00082224765,0.0018629124,0.0028954698,0.0016360437,0.002222566,0.0010640718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059020467,0.001923365,0.002312429,0.0025959485,0.00012265463,0.00034095513,0.00075195427,0.008552659,0.76064736,0.009664482,0.0020541423,0.21044382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030751043,0.011058325,0.005372189,0.00047623448,0.00015568853,0.00070815167,0.0005682594,0.008638011,0.883758,0.009368598,0.079425216,0.00016376533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008022674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041701473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036875673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015677455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008474439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019501925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7124672894","doi":"","title":"Development of a membrane filtration process for concentrating a fava bean extract for plant-based dairy applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Dairy industry; Membrane technology; Mixing (physics); Beverage industry","score_opus":0.028911835178591763,"score_gpt":0.24684626020549233,"score_spread":0.21793442502690058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7124672894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84339964,0.012335748,0.13530698,0.00089151063,0.00022121829,0.0007601773,0.0010141804,0.00077704457,0.005293564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8550313,0.0065479223,0.13246411,0.0002831535,0.000030441925,0.00032351472,0.00095491926,0.00008599278,0.004278661],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997247,0.000030479117,0.00002434528,0.00006794694,0.00010840963,0.000044160483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999869,0.000018368359,0.000036089798,0.0000104751525,0.000045659086,0.000020357475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050069677,0.00048273327,0.00046492848,0.0005232934,0.00041931038,0.00051599974,0.0004246429,0.0008336317,0.0007149077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003953452,0.00020078733,0.0008035267,0.00040901205,0.00022311663,0.00063096074,0.00037941837,0.0008635091,0.0006207837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002670084,0.000048439204,0.00017625614,0.00012820876,0.000008225485,0.000063435575,0.000024481724,0.000099588615,0.995106,0.000069595575,0.00007039405,0.004178718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009376457,0.0002375105,0.002275082,0.00002930611,0.00003116877,0.00025794873,0.00004248042,0.0014870081,0.9913696,0.000032616594,0.004210805,0.000016985097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023645642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028962824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023645642,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055292563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005905368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047016144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7125090112","doi":"","title":"New pilot scale concepts for water treatment with membrane technology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Stormwater; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Produced water; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.014552417525376393,"score_gpt":0.2211325088669459,"score_spread":0.20658009134156952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7125090112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6244731,0.0074523194,0.31858012,0.003526219,0.0017780191,0.0044390475,0.0024820094,0.0027978143,0.03447142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79128426,0.0043373597,0.18521234,0.0005416013,0.00018350122,0.002073623,0.0013348846,0.00015796706,0.01487448],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991543,0.0001296141,0.000056126202,0.00013287307,0.0004251541,0.00010197861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958354,0.000058062364,0.000046819645,0.00007346087,0.00019008291,0.00004809198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013217863,0.00080084754,0.0004535619,0.000603865,0.0006511093,0.0009734245,0.0010395576,0.0015105343,0.005077777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008396528,0.00027491612,0.0009057347,0.00052786845,0.0007792572,0.0017545293,0.0008097146,0.0014998291,0.001507417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027808972,0.0006020421,0.0007981043,0.00083265593,0.000029360514,0.00018633486,0.00017559381,0.0013941198,0.93633443,0.0037846337,0.0015248227,0.054059908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015701023,0.0033083833,0.0027378579,0.00007083326,0.00006422215,0.00040061172,0.00014086309,0.0034017835,0.9203805,0.001689255,0.06758868,0.000060062797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015907214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00096416124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005077777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012486427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008103919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016986847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7125093820","doi":"","title":"Development of a membrane process for the concentration of fava bean extract for plant-based dairy applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Ingredient; Dairy industry; Membrane technology; Mixing (physics); Food products","score_opus":0.02782638745970207,"score_gpt":0.24331045627775652,"score_spread":0.21548406881805446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7125093820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63685733,0.01799985,0.3313455,0.0011803132,0.00045743087,0.0012669797,0.0014248595,0.0013725865,0.00809523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7974535,0.008093185,0.18644573,0.0004092416,0.00004657794,0.00056919426,0.0010944513,0.00013970606,0.005748453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99974066,0.000031325366,0.00002308506,0.00007402367,0.00008510392,0.000045784505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989164,0.00001664967,0.000027357288,0.000010860444,0.00003596545,0.000017402372],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004432873,0.00046638664,0.0004428677,0.00042407736,0.00036063543,0.00041051756,0.00036157973,0.00090142956,0.0010308238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035357053,0.00020543778,0.0007012716,0.00033546987,0.0002249382,0.00066197966,0.00037464863,0.0010356806,0.00087997015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002083805,0.000027357708,0.00007425414,0.00011454066,0.000006279594,0.000037702615,0.000017568731,0.000070541755,0.996443,0.000089735244,0.000059243364,0.0030389645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007639188,0.00013829465,0.00090039376,0.000020138406,0.000017584103,0.00016099981,0.000019719386,0.0010650423,0.9933804,0.000039717874,0.0042392183,0.000010811373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001419973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014892898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001419973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061290874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059485657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004447043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132378275","doi":"","title":"Influence of pressure and temperature on permeate flow while concentrating aronia juice by reverse osmosis","year":2013,"lang":"hr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Repository of the Faculty of Food Technology Osijek","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Preservative; High pressure","score_opus":0.0071476495672333305,"score_gpt":0.22372812016993346,"score_spread":0.21658047060270014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132378275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967489,0.0006412315,0.0013848275,0.000085888736,0.000026907044,0.000022304786,0.00016912665,0.000067567766,0.00085331354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99563736,0.00072679,0.0021425434,0.000049886577,0.000011344998,0.000027251152,0.00013220827,0.000031046853,0.0012414615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997249,0.000044130687,0.000021532534,0.000058394788,0.00008300206,0.00006798824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965215,0.00016281073,0.000069940725,0.000021143778,0.00006673014,0.00002716702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034172757,0.00030753543,0.00034599856,0.00014166792,0.0002693366,0.0006558982,0.00029905897,0.00038775548,0.0011186231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005988346,0.00023946438,0.0004005456,0.00020518112,0.00021840233,0.00051695504,0.00019888536,0.0005649614,0.00034791185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047484558,0.000063279054,0.0006596326,0.00010528968,0.000012523514,0.000056617915,0.000099385165,0.00026270247,0.99508286,0.000035331654,0.00006960145,0.0030779063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001069518,0.0005230535,0.0043554804,0.00000692391,0.0000198748,0.00004179018,0.00007804769,0.001684485,0.9925506,0.000015506774,0.0007017918,0.000011899732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013823918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013071564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013823918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021313349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030597256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003742218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132484459","doi":"","title":"Microscopic characterization of antifouling membrane coated by core-shell star block copolymers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Biofouling; Copolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Coating; Characterization (materials science); Polymer; Transmission electron microscopy","score_opus":0.009198358768860793,"score_gpt":0.22238867923973435,"score_spread":0.21319032047087355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132484459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936592,0.0005396076,0.004528534,0.000037546943,0.000015102089,0.000011989434,0.00010955859,0.00006111658,0.0010374645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99361974,0.00038650888,0.00445889,0.000025688152,0.000008297422,0.000018698584,0.00011073152,0.000015502823,0.0013558697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995077,0.000004781168,0.0000033692118,0.000011352529,0.000017095459,0.000012733766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990773,0.000023832565,0.000026496782,0.0000063703474,0.000022729482,0.000012885649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008717161,0.00020441176,0.00008612137,0.0002447216,0.00012174801,0.00011028763,0.00012617982,0.00021541124,0.00074405136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103374325,0.00010136522,0.00011154432,0.00011188863,0.00013388722,0.00018273894,0.00007350171,0.00024129997,0.000114655995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011110374,0.000004478473,0.00010917442,0.000012192911,0.0000010980718,0.000023945024,0.000013696171,0.000036762358,0.99937326,0.000029538593,0.000008120984,0.0003766591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045039587,0.00008292067,0.0067735636,0.000004027458,0.000008414446,0.00012287965,0.00003585789,0.0021125784,0.9904158,0.000027291291,0.00040806262,0.0000041153266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010640038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010860974,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010640038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014513324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007885841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00248909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132894169","doi":"","title":"Optimization of Hydrodynamics in Full-scale Multi-cassette Flat Sheet Membrane Bioreactors using Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling","year":2021,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Porosity; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.024944687698266438,"score_gpt":0.304714805954732,"score_spread":0.2797701182564656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132894169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7325432,0.0007168404,0.25747204,0.00032528822,0.000041544372,0.00013174274,0.00036521658,0.00038837615,0.008015765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9262873,0.0006676955,0.06987096,0.00004832989,0.00000902907,0.00013381217,0.00024532783,0.000040642342,0.0026968168],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999915,0.000015587051,0.000004686204,0.000020323338,0.00003253848,0.000011861667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990284,0.000048395126,0.000013488584,0.0000074616596,0.00001949499,0.0000082627075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026850076,0.00034339982,0.00036646533,0.00018758785,0.00029792095,0.0005754354,0.0002921581,0.0005911872,0.0006080015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003201499,0.00018364759,0.0005362261,0.00019122935,0.00028384736,0.0003452644,0.00034436138,0.00032308087,0.0001664995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004008525,0.000058282545,0.00074128766,0.00007628682,0.000011431204,0.000073101575,0.0000337226,0.89570045,0.08916574,0.001300126,0.00018570619,0.012613836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070505234,0.000051026695,0.0006466751,0.0000047295403,0.000004406088,0.000012485469,0.000015603413,0.98494536,0.013516946,0.00024810637,0.0005393124,0.000008260761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049396725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038779743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0049396725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077248074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009535903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009821832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132938666","doi":"","title":"Coagulation/Flocculation-Ultrafiltration Optimization in Drinking Water Treatment","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hudbay Minerals (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coagulation; Fouling; Alum; Water treatment; Natural organic matter; Flocculation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity","score_opus":0.028731417974259637,"score_gpt":0.31740721821906676,"score_spread":0.2886758002448071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132938666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832808,0.0048782662,0.0104216775,0.00008840115,0.00002523381,0.00014961415,0.000121017685,0.000065703556,0.0009693698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98208505,0.0028261165,0.014284258,0.000051719868,0.000008326579,0.000056588073,0.00009757701,0.000013589753,0.0005767912],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996599,0.00009172501,0.000026687085,0.000060811537,0.000116117364,0.000044797773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999062,0.000028338125,0.00003280265,0.0000036618421,0.000019101146,0.000010013206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005416395,0.0004910034,0.0004599715,0.00030103856,0.00032843987,0.0005913915,0.0002205357,0.00045712545,0.00031920572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036599662,0.0001512026,0.0004464511,0.0003616004,0.00026254653,0.0003443985,0.0002654509,0.0004361959,0.00010970801],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010630543,0.00014148539,0.00041153806,0.00024398221,0.00001617981,0.000036262027,0.000022268721,0.002125176,0.9881344,0.0000662925,0.00003257579,0.008663696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016227537,0.0010403477,0.0055550914,0.000017528926,0.000043243646,0.00007625801,0.000040839117,0.0044050277,0.98744154,0.000071649796,0.0012738149,0.000018435863],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020867276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004390189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020867276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007241988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061395095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0052544475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7133023709","doi":"","title":"The rejection of endocrine disrupting and pharmaceutically active compounds by membrane filtration","year":2008,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Endocrine system; Function (biology); Bioreactor; Water treatment; Biological activity","score_opus":0.021944864773701816,"score_gpt":0.34027113934229436,"score_spread":0.3183262745685925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7133023709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900585,0.0017888411,0.006500808,0.00012587185,0.00001852966,0.00003736225,0.000058051188,0.000028997083,0.001383099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883922,0.0023295262,0.00444494,0.000083788276,0.000012047798,0.000022692702,0.00019460412,0.000024159574,0.0044960747],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996306,0.000045207256,0.000016015958,0.00006133294,0.0001733715,0.000073519695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997943,0.00005753349,0.000046682148,0.000008786369,0.00007935579,0.000013242157],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005435554,0.0003970045,0.00032052494,0.00022157436,0.00041946434,0.0007731034,0.00030640897,0.00053282594,0.00051629863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006983947,0.00014205804,0.00041043045,0.00023838595,0.00026216384,0.00060948497,0.00017061083,0.00046408607,0.00022308643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058218164,0.000011267479,0.0005774341,0.00004354197,0.0000065939785,0.000020760326,0.000038265556,0.000120560566,0.99508935,0.000024406576,0.000020819667,0.003988677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010024565,0.00027921578,0.0064690113,0.000006201825,0.000019264933,0.00011614707,0.0000613551,0.0005783786,0.990697,0.000019938358,0.0017342302,0.000009292948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018761432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016347442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018761432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012738736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008046404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03730446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7134616640","doi":"","title":"Study of the influence of ethanol on the transfer mechanisms of proteins : application to ultrafiltration of lysozyme in hydro-alcoholic mixtures","year":2018,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Université de Rennes 1; Université Libanaise","keywords":"Organic solvent; Ethanol fermentation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Lysozyme; Pharmaceutical technology","score_opus":0.01692634104504452,"score_gpt":0.25752450945481276,"score_spread":0.24059816840976822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7134616640","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955877,0.0015106548,0.0021934113,0.00004624281,0.000012561477,0.000018114973,0.00005378172,0.000012651754,0.0005648973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953128,0.0015963311,0.0018529522,0.000030071822,0.0000055531495,0.00001720874,0.000066800334,0.0000129854525,0.0011052814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988246,0.00002293476,0.000007754576,0.000022595239,0.00003851788,0.00002569566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998405,0.00006396756,0.000028008408,0.0000121462,0.000043906653,0.000011531727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002789124,0.00022717807,0.00028058444,0.00007827186,0.00013778228,0.0002919537,0.0002002854,0.0002468706,0.0005616752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037252868,0.0000831481,0.00018927168,0.00016441623,0.0001945835,0.00032395122,0.00017986225,0.00039472384,0.0001491846],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012621091,0.000039764316,0.00030743677,0.000106786705,0.000008463696,0.000043852266,0.00005682173,0.00024087993,0.9962184,0.000034474902,0.000013887179,0.0028030293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004790162,0.00023331321,0.002119259,0.000006112016,0.000013359091,0.000027158829,0.00003789231,0.0010326888,0.99584395,0.000012823517,0.0006639965,0.000004669854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018130133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017249368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018130133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024042568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020588841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003604889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W81633600","doi":"10.2175/106143004x151527","title":"A Review of Biofouling and its Control in Membrane Separation Bioreactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Backwashing; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Activated sludge; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Clogging; Membrane technology; Sewage treatment; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Waste management; Environmental science; Fouling; Engineering; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.08533468199785323,"score_gpt":0.38927345589643647,"score_spread":0.30393877389858326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W81633600","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002932934,0.9977132,0.0006092456,0.00011218049,0.00023175411,0.000006666308,0.00001670698,0.00001234352,0.0010046299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010761693,0.9964295,0.0008282832,0.0001428501,0.0002236339,0.000015464931,0.000036597903,0.0000029987516,0.0012445837],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995461,0.000060782524,0.00007337592,0.000083568804,0.00020926929,0.000026870926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996107,0.00016155858,0.00005875555,0.000014027106,0.00012403949,0.000030890507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005766387,0.0012878034,0.0023427412,0.0026322107,0.0004815774,0.0011244591,0.0012575651,0.0016265243,0.0031135355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006293044,0.00045217358,0.00075386127,0.003930306,0.00048274346,0.0018580634,0.00052788155,0.0011398407,0.003028974],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009614788,0.00018679218,0.00018745712,0.02932489,0.00011268615,0.00048434452,0.000108824795,0.0016176203,0.014583541,0.0039183185,0.018527366,0.930852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020124333,0.00024685048,0.0010496934,0.0029667772,0.00010264236,0.0016995898,0.000071691735,0.00032440055,0.004044716,0.0019273758,0.9875052,0.000040875533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014523896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014722352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031135355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008510266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092643336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010415852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W86277815","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-63283-8.00007-7","title":"Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.015474862622329864,"score_gpt":0.23133533273553963,"score_spread":0.21586047011320977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W86277815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8357018,0.02922407,0.10436364,0.0006280867,0.0005489901,0.00012430051,0.00062349194,0.001091944,0.027693627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84709096,0.023500683,0.043719407,0.0002957176,0.00013986265,0.00007396127,0.000768367,0.00029801278,0.08411298],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989104,0.0000050012236,0.000005195304,0.000021388785,0.000056009038,0.000021271595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997425,0.0000047717876,0.000006109306,0.0000028560353,0.000009335599,0.000002792873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013361391,0.0005379505,0.00027908426,0.0003148429,0.000179721,0.0004613793,0.0002908652,0.00039288506,0.00075664156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009287417,0.00017164828,0.0004897175,0.00038010426,0.00012416129,0.00047498214,0.0003904021,0.00055890303,0.0007106914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034082866,0.000041128726,0.00007815482,0.000102013626,0.000010936456,0.000078450306,0.000019672165,0.00034666725,0.9783051,0.00023472658,0.00038248746,0.020366495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019153272,0.000046074725,0.00034503822,0.0000058766905,0.000010274301,0.00007799682,0.0000052373753,0.00076528575,0.9915925,0.000060523787,0.0070843613,0.0000048792385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094532943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002074165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00094532943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042421703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002461521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030779839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W87244358","doi":"","title":"Comparing Long-Term Anaerobic Digester Performance at Three Facilities","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water environment & technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Mesophile; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Digestion (alchemy); Cover (algebra); Biogas; Term (time); Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Chemistry; Methane","score_opus":0.017300392651447432,"score_gpt":0.20173921550169227,"score_spread":0.18443882285024485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W87244358","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.999537,0.000036977643,0.0002231833,0.000005948751,8.64815e-7,0.0000053770377,0.00003949787,0.000011083332,0.00014012815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981527,0.00007020917,0.00083890936,0.000010694033,0.0000023003452,0.000013954382,0.00043340714,0.000007667057,0.00047010445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992126,0.00013323588,0.0000661083,0.00013901721,0.00024355225,0.00020539026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983405,0.00044273777,0.00030589354,0.00011636659,0.00053438806,0.00026021033],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011366989,0.0003799713,0.00041502013,0.0006022316,0.00075291324,0.0006567818,0.0004710547,0.000718575,0.000564602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025411716,0.00021251745,0.000525876,0.00048444117,0.00029509777,0.0005116811,0.00058485224,0.00046883035,0.00028379486],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006530794,0.0020418444,0.26884243,0.00042605377,0.0004640759,0.0010205966,0.003625097,0.0174968,0.6082246,0.00020725407,0.00038966126,0.090730764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017075367,0.016844194,0.74242616,0.00004011556,0.0003953072,0.00094192126,0.0024310278,0.00671198,0.2266905,0.00013668176,0.0030742886,0.0001370403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008034412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013718268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008034412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011299558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006098653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015975296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W88586190","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10009-0","title":"MD Membrane Modules","year":2011,"lang":"it","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Concentration polarization; Permeation; Computational fluid dynamics; Capillary action; Materials science; Distilled water; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Mechanics; Desalination; Physics","score_opus":0.025693690950956687,"score_gpt":0.2312817638437048,"score_spread":0.2055880728927481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W88586190","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0148776,0.015428067,0.2770103,0.0017706213,0.001375587,0.0002762802,0.0052870447,0.011470869,0.67250353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.043314353,0.0073126145,0.05647954,0.00070386153,0.00013685023,0.0005178526,0.00493233,0.0009505035,0.8856522],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998466,0.0000066563452,0.0000053845433,0.000045549685,0.00007902107,0.000016850217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999633,0.0000070780948,0.0000028050888,0.0000111384425,0.000010874883,0.00000480861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013423736,0.0009122373,0.00083506515,0.00059616484,0.00071770145,0.0009365938,0.0012572297,0.0009528864,0.09370371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018953932,0.0006133213,0.0004975041,0.00075366587,0.00027474397,0.0016400128,0.0011978573,0.0015035378,0.047498133],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017072029,0.00013384433,0.00016772862,0.001191751,0.000038772323,0.00021468596,0.00016010227,0.003468729,0.22657926,0.11536827,0.120186806,0.5323194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019050061,0.000045144952,0.00018936627,0.00007139226,0.000016258058,0.00025378942,0.000017801709,0.0041247928,0.10961977,0.012654257,0.8729698,0.000018501954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047902067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079664035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09370371,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005663181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003800173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31347018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W939005630","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.051","title":"Electro-conditioning of activated sludge in a membrane electro-bioreactor for improved dewatering and reduced membrane fouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Activated sludge; Dewatering; Filtration (mathematics); Flocculation; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Wastewater; Chromatography; Membrane reactor; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020997278300023264,"score_gpt":0.2725895615896094,"score_spread":0.25159228328958616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W939005630","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965827,0.00025397757,0.0026711307,0.00006693036,0.000040284314,0.000013741202,0.00004515073,0.000029729554,0.00029636774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99764866,0.00017972013,0.0012443011,0.00003161865,0.000007735488,0.000008561351,0.000053926626,0.000007801379,0.00081766763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998528,0.000019942489,0.000021057418,0.000032091863,0.00004145916,0.000032638916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999229,0.000015584692,0.000017133043,0.0000075579355,0.000021805468,0.000015029102],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002493975,0.00036212924,0.00036847513,0.00015500675,0.00026011103,0.00039177015,0.00028001575,0.0004440558,0.00067137444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020983527,0.00018365232,0.0004182128,0.00015371665,0.00021930087,0.00035119377,0.00024349365,0.00050868356,0.00022150823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009726351,0.000031154417,0.00007444107,0.000018165869,0.000005142261,0.000022015885,0.000009596506,0.00013440925,0.9987382,0.00002444541,0.000012574709,0.0008326382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004733997,0.00007590926,0.0005130158,0.0000018455124,0.000007422372,0.000021266314,0.000008692575,0.00068331754,0.99852437,0.000012233444,0.00014439032,0.0000028747882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009720275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015332156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009720275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002648836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038141204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022460222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W942005369","doi":"","title":"Carbon Adsorber Fouling: Removal of Ammonium Bisulfate","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Activated carbon; Carbon fibers; Pulp and paper industry; Ammonium; Environmental science; Waste management; Adsorption; Materials science; Engineering; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.032828927381875615,"score_gpt":0.2448649587027791,"score_spread":0.21203603132090348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W942005369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99409324,0.00017632311,0.0021969448,0.000048306123,0.00001979098,0.000038347418,0.000084530424,0.00012309536,0.003219383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940777,0.000252753,0.0026034925,0.000024321569,0.0000042168003,0.000014152012,0.00011524816,0.000014261266,0.0028938549],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997137,0.000039679562,0.000014406208,0.000042806805,0.000119734854,0.000069638336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998785,0.000029594989,0.00001361553,0.0000065595104,0.000057226083,0.000014556768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033879754,0.00049250876,0.0004461988,0.0005012204,0.00069727213,0.0005767033,0.00039464748,0.00071025064,0.0010608743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029986553,0.00014579958,0.00052622723,0.00032161127,0.0001374322,0.0003952371,0.00024035922,0.0002814265,0.00034786673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010452374,0.0010899155,0.007450367,0.0004731676,0.00006037488,0.0005412953,0.00017274886,0.13736732,0.81458044,0.0010548779,0.0008831992,0.035281017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005445242,0.000724919,0.004334386,0.000008691831,0.000029933743,0.000057258898,0.000053730957,0.26128465,0.7314236,0.00012222584,0.0018837923,0.000022358141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.043329306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025337711,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043329306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014216779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009945816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08615416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W95834116","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10015-6","title":"Economics, Energy Analysis and Costs Evaluation in MD","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Process engineering; Capital cost; Membrane distillation; Thermal energy; Energy consumption; Renewable energy; Engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0201205905188203,"score_gpt":0.23035248487299367,"score_spread":0.2102318943541734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W95834116","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0057604504,0.07221413,0.18282788,0.02123664,0.0020921207,0.00013710921,0.00076256134,0.00026339243,0.71470577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.18686295,0.087010674,0.11059493,0.0025585298,0.0024444824,0.0005747671,0.0005863209,0.00036212066,0.6090053],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999206,0.0003193189,0.000033090884,0.000053647305,0.00033267878,0.0000552996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999037,0.00073945126,0.000039916697,0.000047944734,0.00010633535,0.000029315772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010702325,0.0007916707,0.0008117782,0.0014067219,0.00048017182,0.0028179449,0.0007893671,0.0015129577,0.025329497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002831097,0.00047249848,0.00044035874,0.002388452,0.0014108878,0.0032259505,0.0010095581,0.0016808521,0.002614992],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002435466,0.00006165406,0.00025921903,0.0002838021,0.000021816848,0.00006337169,0.00004981055,0.034762397,0.00016406873,0.6985042,0.070989825,0.19481559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009135203,0.000023927101,0.00043880267,0.0003930876,0.000011540217,0.00009985021,0.0001319089,0.030202577,0.00031627662,0.76776886,0.2005818,0.000022223763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007711335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011325126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025329497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0040945415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027353507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08473563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W987808598","doi":"10.1007/s13762-015-0852-8","title":"Efficiency and kinetics in treatment of wastewater from garages and residential oil spills using membrane bioreactor technology","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada); Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Chemistry; Biochemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Biodegradation; Bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Petroleum; Sewage treatment; Turbidity; Hydrocarbon; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.01452364227905001,"score_gpt":0.25673553546283623,"score_spread":0.24221189318378622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W987808598","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986118,0.0005341995,0.00038593335,0.000025863643,0.0000086884365,0.000004279387,0.000055507953,0.000009766949,0.00036388688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965456,0.00089200743,0.000578289,0.000016199434,0.0000034495913,0.000005841113,0.00012300718,0.000011218227,0.0018243326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973005,0.000065774184,0.00003323389,0.000034535246,0.000065484644,0.000070988615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982613,0.00004942375,0.00003104446,0.000011552376,0.000063367006,0.000018551535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003948375,0.00032011664,0.00036755786,0.00033250346,0.00031582627,0.0006277197,0.00019465791,0.00039558162,0.00051548675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042951136,0.00015704808,0.0006382707,0.0003248026,0.00016369835,0.0003464656,0.00026105912,0.00039320692,0.0003481471],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00070451613,0.000100958576,0.0023628986,0.00013340927,0.000022807228,0.00005005826,0.00010354216,0.0009941423,0.9882703,0.00005415428,0.000049416685,0.007153838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044055473,0.00042713087,0.0039905156,0.0000069442567,0.000030482435,0.000037243608,0.000069696114,0.0012496577,0.99372876,0.000013755401,0.00043390848,0.00000760273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0063351984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004521803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0063351984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057853654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045668145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012596667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}