{"meta":{"query_hash":"6fb1f226b602","filters":{"topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies"},"cohort_total":1589,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1589,"exported":1589,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/6fb1f226b602","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Membrane+Separation+Technologies"},"results":[{"id":"W1043854173","doi":"10.1007/698_2014_318","title":"Trace Organic Contaminants Removal by Combined Processes for Wastewater Reuse","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"˜The œhandbook of environmental chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Wastewater; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Membrane bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Reuse; Activated carbon; Environmentally friendly; Industrial wastewater treatment; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Adsorption; Membrane; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.007645651427467743,"score_gpt":0.19044930658035047,"score_spread":0.18280365515288274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1043854173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.52800316,0.015335756,0.002106934,0.0014003671,0.0006018315,0.008693978,0.0038970173,0.0009211404,0.4390398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2603276,0.000759707,0.00048490136,0.00009963423,0.000066460096,0.0000961578,0.00031068054,0.00014926678,0.7377056],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978497,0.000012096934,0.0006001209,0.00069997937,0.00046797527,0.0003701157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99793655,0.00014496435,0.0005790158,0.0012377326,0.0000061978326,0.00009554674],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017857859,0.00055295206,0.0005484881,0.000016833745,0.00017041345,0.000024504809,0.0012706004,0.00054049434,0.0060035577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041842723,0.00044728132,0.00016427928,0.00002521754,0.0010865713,0.00007821386,0.00048801495,0.00032441728,0.00030510995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012294884,0.000076934964,0.00005684582,0.00028081736,0.00006249366,0.000004320944,0.00009418208,0.0000063577445,0.9813963,0.00001002622,0.016666705,0.0012220575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008955573,0.00015440224,0.00001453398,0.00016522387,0.000109846354,0.000040694198,0.000048116206,0.000014461776,0.80028,0.0010139422,0.19676682,0.0004964336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004073048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000085647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2986658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026282392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020189467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997979},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1201483785","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2015.058","title":"Anaerobic membrane bioreactor for high-strength wastewater treatment: batch and continuous operation comparison","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane reactor; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.028372406342832907,"score_gpt":0.267630912512137,"score_spread":0.23925850616930408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1201483785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997769,0.000074954114,0.00037492227,0.0013999832,0.00010627172,0.00019883648,0.0000039887113,0.000018971497,0.00005309014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934036,0.0000992626,0.006156079,0.000025765712,0.000047450583,0.0000071844324,0.000023253131,0.000008498719,0.00022890279],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921525,0.000040560826,0.00033439332,0.0001283384,0.00016037849,0.00012110274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995724,0.000028786817,0.00015367575,0.00012456058,0.000044257908,0.00007630208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003154206,0.000108353765,0.0002092217,0.000080957056,0.0000638412,0.000083864485,0.000092462666,0.00007717834,0.000028379392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006358763,0.000064442975,0.000024347262,0.00004085153,0.0000626874,0.0005223313,0.000047413243,0.000049902388,0.000010252185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057680777,0.00039476,0.018478975,0.000032978834,0.000090347254,0.000013540856,0.008385996,0.00096904027,0.94661236,0.00041886335,0.0034602422,0.020566113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002308999,0.0013668501,0.0015391029,0.000012136769,0.000057224315,0.00004027687,0.00047797544,0.0016762118,0.9857405,0.0011290134,0.005529024,0.00012270582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006267053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003507311,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039128143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091544425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074911736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2627908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W144616248","doi":"10.2166/wst.2012.309","title":"Removal mechanisms of 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol in membrane bioreactors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biodegradation; Ethinylestradiol; Chemistry; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Estrogen; Membrane bioreactor; Activated carbon; Membrane; Wastewater; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Biology; Endocrinology; Population; Environmental science","score_opus":0.012304064341954201,"score_gpt":0.2332771969041914,"score_spread":0.22097313256223722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W144616248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99510604,0.00003868706,0.00070611376,0.0010795488,0.00015062801,0.00024467777,0.0000018062264,0.0002352386,0.002437255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99108183,0.000026455784,0.0087302765,0.000047877642,0.000006492949,0.000019819527,9.934246e-7,0.000010087161,0.00007613799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997991,0.000027135125,0.0003520438,0.0004740206,0.00038508925,0.0007707103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922067,0.000020290017,0.00009169578,0.0005553843,0.000011163941,0.00010081206],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010582287,0.00018668317,0.00026607834,0.00079140073,0.00011797385,0.000019699326,0.0008923395,0.0002678843,0.00015631333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001289055,0.00013715867,0.000025736621,0.0015700528,0.0034513946,0.00075543445,0.00053143856,0.0002703917,0.00008419171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042183756,0.00005007873,0.017397817,0.0000063877123,0.0000013975156,0.0000119327515,0.00045942183,0.000026443238,0.9697335,0.008612146,0.000008524675,0.0036881338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018130099,0.00009294058,0.007652304,0.000009365372,0.000004477268,0.00027926138,0.0005149879,0.00016383387,0.9805103,0.009906931,0.0005037235,0.00018056815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012125477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003463551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010776808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001348625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019715368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99926066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1461679908","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.09.019","title":"Minimizing structural parameter of thin film composite forward osmosis membranes using polysulfone/halloysite nanotubes as membrane substrates","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Halloysite; Polysulfone; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Concentration polarization; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.03467255536795146,"score_gpt":0.2800904380095351,"score_spread":0.24541788264158362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1461679908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972178,0.00011122406,0.00043233103,0.00021688134,0.00016666799,0.0002838551,0.000013021642,0.00016694669,0.0013913075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98532087,0.0000158437,0.014322636,0.000090067646,0.000020644822,0.000010292168,0.000050022452,0.000023510323,0.00014613221],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815315,0.00011987038,0.00049516716,0.0003657851,0.0005844246,0.00028161157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906355,0.00014562039,0.0003072378,0.00032479118,0.0000655167,0.00009328832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039885697,0.00023296931,0.00030745464,0.00015078764,0.00012522851,0.00006843245,0.00033434865,0.0001794451,0.00023771984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002747251,0.00021454788,0.00009110593,0.0004560049,0.0002599602,0.00074159104,0.00013414027,0.0001260149,0.00008444912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097319455,0.00004512576,0.015377555,0.0000520743,0.00004046559,0.000006787268,0.0016143251,0.080977306,0.8999314,0.00053001137,0.000079934776,0.0012477434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048743736,0.00008049779,0.0053022555,0.000026539574,0.000047715937,0.000028161581,0.0005201416,0.12336586,0.8675239,0.0023044273,0.00006964869,0.00024343249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091550127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008251641,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042388547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015929711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025246229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8749008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481626880","doi":"10.7202/1006478ar","title":"État actuel des connaissances des procédés de bioréacteur à membrane pour le traitement et la réutilisation des eaux usées industrielles et urbaines","year":2011,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Forestry; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.1900913940921557,"score_gpt":0.33615998108901535,"score_spread":0.14606858699685965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1481626880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95146835,0.007363427,0.013946018,0.0019298819,0.00017621613,0.00057710736,0.000042196192,0.00028848936,0.024208343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8975313,0.005165938,0.09501326,0.00026224498,0.000052322084,0.00009572465,0.0000066548805,0.000034741857,0.0018378586],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958608,0.00087664323,0.0006735385,0.000901635,0.0004972868,0.001190065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99825585,0.00051270146,0.00042549326,0.0004063671,0.00009053278,0.00030903262],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033818926,0.00051971927,0.00043956577,0.00026628288,0.0015150881,0.00048811722,0.0012707057,0.00041713222,0.0010565385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012988198,0.00048770188,0.00015666857,0.0013971695,0.021055333,0.0027548636,0.0003069654,0.00041811887,0.00017602528],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001672603,0.0015058545,0.18626954,0.0014731473,0.00013816093,0.00012674832,0.113611564,0.02199513,0.32286823,0.09806826,0.00085767685,0.25291845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007625991,0.00088028447,0.17611803,0.001191333,0.00011005282,0.00051914534,0.022828376,0.018087612,0.6091434,0.16529326,0.0039955555,0.0010703511],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010450642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009111674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28627518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005570721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064511894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1488978869","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.02.5","title":"A Pilot-Plant Test of a Membrane Bioreactor with a Novel Membrane Made from Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) and Hydroxy-Propyl Cellulose","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride; Membrane; Vinyl chloride; Cellulose; Chemistry; Polyvinyl chloride; Chloride; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.021447091610589702,"score_gpt":0.23970071459929024,"score_spread":0.21825362298870055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1488978869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948915,0.0006307569,0.0006070681,0.0023918052,0.00015515008,0.00042669356,0.00008363862,0.00015814864,0.0006552198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99520254,0.000586211,0.0035806077,0.000103586295,0.000054155567,0.000018979381,0.000024876106,0.000037508515,0.00039153575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99720603,0.000053168198,0.001085234,0.0005261391,0.00071016373,0.0004192551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997677,0.000248855,0.001162637,0.00049605145,0.00015405696,0.0002613928],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006148006,0.00043168888,0.0008873354,0.00064488396,0.00010621415,0.00006110634,0.0005339674,0.00037127765,0.00018219781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048002056,0.00033032402,0.000068624235,0.00094417774,0.0009184045,0.0007111495,0.00023802668,0.00061194,0.000024978532],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011450057,0.00043521106,0.005615837,0.000050245966,0.00010512743,0.000079907724,0.00045050916,0.000097433505,0.99005675,0.0004355099,0.00027052528,0.0012579394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004424589,0.0033179137,0.0022771312,0.00010878219,0.00014555649,0.00094479934,0.000690877,0.0018562553,0.9827347,0.0008103938,0.0022861038,0.0004029434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000227706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007322093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001230933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109836205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999149},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1490324719","doi":"10.1002/9781118904855.ch1","title":"Introduction to Desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nalco (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Water desalination; Environmental science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00789276433928088,"score_gpt":0.24166867120934835,"score_spread":0.23377590687006747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1490324719","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009355619,0.00002966876,0.077695265,0.0059876265,0.0013617327,0.0009236961,0.000011772759,0.0018293995,0.91122526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018425185,0.000027169524,0.012685847,0.0004028716,0.0015668183,0.00013353681,0.0002977855,0.0003387374,0.96612203],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986805,0.00006614483,0.0002098748,0.00048076294,0.00038767813,0.00017503796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992701,0.00001550785,0.00020293565,0.00044221024,0.000013795988,0.000055458775],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031004727,0.00019541374,0.0001682479,0.0002917027,0.000050968312,0.000037060254,0.00023631332,0.0003252472,0.013091003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027510515,0.00020193639,0.000036273017,0.00041406773,0.00006212083,0.00009363561,0.00009214555,0.00012498883,0.01841048],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030600015,0.000020319641,0.00006450725,0.000012194813,0.0000050236763,3.2608247e-7,0.000035936282,0.00039728408,0.001982072,0.0028963566,0.9697836,0.0247993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000104495266,0.000051669955,0.0007370076,0.00001471167,0.000012229166,0.0000019551696,0.0000071983764,0.00052007067,0.004722488,0.00056107284,0.99303454,0.00023258425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011215568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029527055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06500942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023036415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000552071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98781115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1491770197","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.025","title":"Impact of FeCl3 dosing on AnMBR treatment of municipal wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Biofouling; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.18177250317295177,"score_gpt":0.4175087126234312,"score_spread":0.23573620945047943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1491770197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99138683,0.000012600356,9.019074e-7,0.00013177877,0.000017168504,0.00021458715,0.0000047092576,0.000020340245,0.008211069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981459,0.000010433682,0.00013676082,0.0000016001791,0.000008615459,0.000015022626,0.0000063640346,0.000008593291,0.0016667091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860334,0.00013671666,0.00017267591,0.0001811168,0.0005670782,0.00033904056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939674,0.000019953097,0.00002424435,0.00045687312,0.000024096906,0.000078066005],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005229684,0.00008547852,0.00014968726,0.00012653197,0.00004171245,0.000013319581,0.0002463836,0.00005784369,0.000917768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036666803,0.000045258697,0.000057564303,0.00016622759,0.00035535128,0.00009505566,0.00019585648,0.000079032565,0.00067729584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000246093,0.00039114966,0.023592781,0.000007639122,0.000023887205,0.000009069217,0.0052360776,0.0029270835,0.96319795,0.000022992628,0.000819915,0.003525394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041334322,0.0024210904,0.00427651,0.000008099251,0.0000020548916,0.0000018934368,0.0002285472,0.0003083021,0.99099034,0.00041089792,0.0008848404,0.00005409501],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030496763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048368198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027792409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033404297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013489966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1515974075","doi":"10.1016/s1871-2711(09)00209-8","title":"Chapter 9 Membrane Bioreactors: Theory and Applications to Wastewater Reuse","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Sustainability science and engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Wastewater reuse; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006866496141390821,"score_gpt":0.21983489011124638,"score_spread":0.21296839396985556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1515974075","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57312757,0.0008411675,0.0047664405,0.011676356,0.00036180884,0.010362493,0.00005976254,0.0023362304,0.3964682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9354145,0.00018522043,0.0024787711,0.0003238925,0.00008558837,0.00014660184,0.0000053894687,0.000057082572,0.061302956],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824196,0.000005460454,0.00023280566,0.0007379711,0.00040029146,0.0003814986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987515,0.00006529594,0.00004947313,0.00085609616,0.00006310348,0.00021451923],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010832282,0.00027782406,0.00022402754,0.00024641128,0.00020257637,0.000107893524,0.00054478255,0.00015066007,0.00016568982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052864564,0.000246871,0.000029701388,0.0001741664,0.0008849175,0.00038386977,0.00070175895,0.00022071747,0.00004271033],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052763826,0.000043794393,0.00026518622,0.0004296579,0.000022077746,0.000021549598,0.002448134,0.0034601765,0.06068671,0.7105251,0.00023292717,0.22181194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025285315,0.0003068505,0.0034325956,0.00009232163,0.000054399414,0.000043319542,0.0006893199,0.0005939192,0.017583614,0.21137525,0.7639616,0.0016139658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018066245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004586364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7637287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003669412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003624297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1519605823","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.75","title":"Development of Novel Membranes Based on Electro–spun Nanofibers and Their Application in Liquid Filtration, Membrane Distillation and Membrane Adsorption","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Desalination; Membrane distillation; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Electrospinning; Cellulose acetate; Bacterial cellulose; Polysulfone; Synthetic membrane; Polymer; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Cellulose; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011593160731315243,"score_gpt":0.2443067621764183,"score_spread":0.23271360144510306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1519605823","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98766464,0.00003471791,0.007900308,0.0014024376,0.0000831171,0.0005959001,0.0000035630273,0.00007217195,0.0022431407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97766685,0.0001355565,0.022030562,0.00007239652,0.00001808973,0.000042735686,0.0000034443322,0.000019452746,0.000010919453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99714726,0.000020067728,0.0010214654,0.0006435884,0.0007105653,0.0004570667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974456,0.00010797931,0.0014730003,0.00074728194,0.000104008664,0.00012213815],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019018768,0.00033283973,0.0005736965,0.0012543093,0.00055504264,0.0000938723,0.0010749431,0.00030538518,0.00003283761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028059536,0.00027607332,0.000047491576,0.0011363337,0.0024812613,0.00072198483,0.00025217497,0.00039543092,0.000005964744],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003447346,0.00014736874,0.00038303068,0.000055761666,0.000008323541,0.00000113825,0.00041116733,0.003544301,0.9761961,0.002929608,0.000002404542,0.015976042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014459043,0.0002956677,0.0028623808,0.000070165726,0.000015064821,0.000044581793,0.00045903763,0.012591172,0.98049897,0.0006989101,0.0007504119,0.00026774424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018785342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009426623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015708297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025453986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020272275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1525335862","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.10.050","title":"Development of antifouling thin-film-composite membranes for seawater desalination","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Seawater; Chemistry; Contact angle; Materials science; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.01736264597029745,"score_gpt":0.27593344114550594,"score_spread":0.2585707951752085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1525335862","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935007,0.000020151396,0.004066645,0.00036754186,0.00062180066,0.00020325143,0.0000012422568,0.000027597722,0.0011910315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8314546,0.000012010965,0.16833302,0.000042535346,0.00003545251,0.0000035364098,6.79536e-7,0.000008343622,0.00010986141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976683,0.000020020474,0.00076048175,0.00024882145,0.0009972642,0.0003051049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986441,0.000112378606,0.00068585033,0.00025814603,0.00018705704,0.00011247297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031607936,0.00014252224,0.00026094526,0.0002746787,0.00031638748,0.00006712754,0.0010159607,0.00008606404,0.00022307684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048608144,0.000108487155,0.0000883717,0.00062005414,0.00073548884,0.0010529371,0.00015321015,0.00025320883,0.000026705819],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035435274,0.000056358804,0.0007973916,0.000045654626,0.0000061046067,0.0000019843578,0.0007492176,0.0037978764,0.98913926,0.00018196831,0.000034412144,0.005154354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040694233,0.000059873415,0.0039882543,0.00002796288,0.000012251738,0.000059343525,0.00016776436,0.0055953045,0.98519945,0.00034240735,0.004006327,0.00013409789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006482319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027155298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16426638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007235418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016472462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44239777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1526815593","doi":"10.1002/pen.24138","title":"Performances of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐<i>co</i>‐hexafluoropropylene) ultrafiltration membranes modified with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hexafluoropropylene; Ultrafiltration (renal); 2-Pyrrolidone; Membrane; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Copolymer; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.015373083241954435,"score_gpt":0.2224581824397459,"score_spread":0.20708509919779147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1526815593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99287075,0.0015355103,0.0024086984,0.00017793725,0.00012347692,0.00013797237,0.0000041702797,0.00020131396,0.002540175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971508,0.00008690755,0.0024089105,0.000031726184,0.00002846509,0.000016142374,0.0000019781185,0.000014304526,0.00026078752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981924,0.000012387592,0.0002458694,0.00041911757,0.00073113333,0.0003990556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927056,0.00003579778,0.000105992454,0.00035206083,0.00002935477,0.00020625784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049871154,0.00021157101,0.00021892213,0.00018829676,0.00014640378,0.000070853064,0.00043385173,0.000063774685,0.00004804788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008894319,0.00016591106,0.000024121511,0.00079671986,0.00082987244,0.00093076855,0.00009217266,0.00012577827,0.000022570215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004977761,0.000036635025,0.008585803,0.000046551722,0.000009027661,0.0000035592152,0.0009890848,0.014990252,0.9647818,0.0006904154,0.000041075924,0.009775991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003110791,0.0001844192,0.0054624705,0.00002400277,0.000010638359,0.00004550001,0.000202582,0.03787451,0.95543,0.000020578958,0.0001870989,0.00024714187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033242587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013619891,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022884257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006037664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000658566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67656565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1539519069","doi":"","title":"Extract from Rough Waters","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theatre Research in Canada","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.052701393547797015,"score_gpt":0.31679531724520205,"score_spread":0.26409392369740503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1539519069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.835539,0.00007220784,0.0000058002715,0.007229119,0.00003938065,0.00015573051,0.000012609854,0.000030233925,0.1569159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988788,0.000055102988,0.0006459282,0.000115904506,0.00003232383,0.000018652356,0.0000053067115,0.000008081423,0.00023989959],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982953,0.00011443514,0.0001437481,0.00024279753,0.0007396011,0.0004641276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934316,0.00019327301,0.000014070822,0.00035801734,0.0000034181708,0.000088039604],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004420578,0.000073083895,0.00008772857,0.00004975386,0.00007166397,0.000019926629,0.00044836735,0.00003941648,0.0038148854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010254397,0.00006165145,0.000011535245,0.0003206193,0.00013107267,0.0001645441,0.00017965389,0.00032066595,0.00059397664],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024551171,0.000029863673,0.049620863,0.0000031945451,0.0000050304743,0.00008621847,0.00012792954,0.007517707,0.008938306,0.00001708602,0.045241952,0.8883873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005267854,0.000048344325,0.02569134,0.000029983436,0.0000019022414,0.0000057966977,0.0012450214,0.008079785,0.10546115,0.004177436,0.8543923,0.00034018763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9900179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9941425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8880471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002244475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025249238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99709576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1549790854","doi":"","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated water and wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Macrodynamic Analysis (Memorial University of Newfoundland)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ionic strength; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Zeta potential; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Permeation; Biofouling; Effluent; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005293989486097888,"score_gpt":0.19037105973382412,"score_spread":0.18507707024772624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1549790854","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956014,0.0000055347123,0.0035834666,0.0003013421,0.00007854358,0.00007122517,0.0000016483881,0.0000058125815,0.00035102398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993929,0.000117326395,0.0002912026,0.0000061363958,0.000026523796,2.4969511e-8,0.000009911199,0.000003252716,0.00015268484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989496,0.00021747425,0.00036060126,0.00009916865,0.0002568129,0.00011636132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991922,0.00013980738,0.00043441445,0.00015771299,0.000046124773,0.000029780405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012358002,0.00008681334,0.0003379789,0.0002407993,0.00006632398,0.000007667493,0.0002746747,0.00007583161,0.00022947436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000646806,0.000059138798,0.000091322865,0.00037024156,0.00023743376,0.000252258,0.00006640685,0.00013297964,0.0000043639197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008884778,0.00007574706,0.067042,0.000026686668,0.000378089,0.0000066029957,0.004212942,0.14472806,0.78111213,0.00008248016,0.00003213197,0.0014146343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011279234,0.0013293755,0.4238311,0.00011894975,0.005021135,0.0000648692,0.008379219,0.4029325,0.14229447,0.0031650593,0.0008443867,0.00073969905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019168969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007965832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63881767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000960278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008130235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4445121},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1557829014","doi":"10.1515/sggw-2015-0003","title":"Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW Land Reclamation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Semtech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Turbidity; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Raw water; Water treatment; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Slurry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.04788829975722373,"score_gpt":0.2500320857239883,"score_spread":0.20214378596676455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1557829014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907628,0.000013258287,0.0039119795,0.004005248,0.000049439263,0.00039522754,0.000012114456,0.000017388416,0.0008325068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760723,0.000097609096,0.0019457871,0.00014224157,0.000010669511,0.0000021828394,0.000025006173,0.0000021026565,0.00016715453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992349,0.00008368149,0.00014592119,0.00019098322,0.00022164868,0.00012284055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952686,0.00014152973,0.00014206817,0.00012564287,0.00003747806,0.000026417883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008571652,0.000067967005,0.00013010405,0.00005180054,0.00032602035,0.000014149908,0.00021243417,0.00006159652,0.00014169223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081374405,0.00003926155,0.000039957107,0.00010233563,0.00054692256,0.0005251911,0.00010406639,0.000036293477,0.000015725142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011718797,0.00025775153,0.17768149,0.00024894773,0.00024668913,8.7050375e-7,0.03290186,0.100245595,0.5373197,0.0020480622,0.030758068,0.117119096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001419851,0.00081552775,0.043807574,0.000097624856,0.00009605101,0.0000012092269,0.0080643585,0.06298003,0.7878228,0.050686136,0.043700453,0.0005083869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077065796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013998557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2505031,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009750523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066720518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2507518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1559723488","doi":"10.5539/jmsr.v4n4p1","title":"Chitosan Nanocomposite Mesoporous Membranes: Mechanical and Barrier Properties as a Function of Temperature","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"American University in Cairo; Academy of Scientific Research and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Nanocomposite; Elongation; Chitosan; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05445695049626493,"score_gpt":0.32508867280598475,"score_spread":0.2706317223097198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1559723488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99783826,0.00016667828,0.000006591706,0.000616469,0.00024284949,0.00019912797,0.0000018165077,0.000013159932,0.00091504806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907506,0.00010096658,0.00062163145,0.000025962272,0.000053228257,0.000004858111,1.889239e-7,0.0000067468764,0.00011135066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967946,0.0002668439,0.0004506828,0.00022464848,0.0019401371,0.0003231357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999095,0.0000452626,0.00021080293,0.00023064027,0.00018903632,0.00022924619],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062244497,0.00009780118,0.00025212337,0.00027349446,0.0002163682,0.00019938435,0.00064038887,0.00009327313,0.00027543693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012243084,0.000062817795,0.00002556559,0.0006711828,0.0016103265,0.00089032244,0.00043246135,0.00022920975,0.000037609185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025895992,0.00003622566,0.000098022174,0.000022907649,0.000004202934,0.000009168234,0.0003721539,0.000067548885,0.9982808,0.00021555128,0.00017641016,0.00045803058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002961653,0.00083563454,0.0008853173,0.00004878825,0.0000051979086,0.00019806947,0.0010426632,0.000021735863,0.9949896,0.0012901517,0.0003175816,0.000069103175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007502065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004432314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005000141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092208866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027256415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5933315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1571637274","doi":"10.1002/9781118522318.emst125","title":"Application of Membranes in Biotechnology","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Biochemical engineering; Dialysis; Biotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry; Process engineering; Engineering; Biology; Medicine; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Surgery","score_opus":0.0072436670997327365,"score_gpt":0.2266873357887009,"score_spread":0.21944366868896817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1571637274","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00063387456,0.00009934038,0.0022471128,0.00030632812,0.000026554042,0.00045244885,0.000002331184,0.00042297645,0.995809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02871195,0.00040036638,0.0061777188,0.000049476195,0.0000091829515,0.00014090526,0.000012074832,0.00011968607,0.96437865],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938124,0.000009659227,0.00016663765,0.00023160707,0.00010381278,0.000107044056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942034,0.000009994986,0.0001373175,0.00042128508,9.539923e-7,0.000010086602],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043893913,0.00010661627,0.00017969034,0.00019618204,0.000004331877,0.000002150198,0.00032643374,0.00046799303,0.02661855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017252596,0.00009069117,0.000018414003,0.0002710652,0.00024189925,0.00002511487,0.0001328552,0.000091914684,0.0035597498],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029909365,0.00012599787,0.00443879,0.00014720681,0.000014673225,0.0000012850032,0.000027845372,0.00013252198,0.09989326,0.021434862,0.7777445,0.09603612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012760569,0.000019632105,0.00050057814,0.000014087632,0.0000031447137,0.0000012543982,0.000034907272,0.0007367999,0.096730605,0.00089038746,0.9007627,0.0001783215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039809556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014768754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12301823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028081902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024008486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972161},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W158234931","doi":"10.11113/amst.v5i1.45","title":"Influence of Surface Modifying Macromolecules (SMMs) on Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes for Water Separations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Macromolecule; Materials science; Polymer; Scanning electron microscope; Ionic bonding; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Ion","score_opus":0.01613626673384666,"score_gpt":0.28066657904444847,"score_spread":0.2645303123106018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W158234931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897572,0.000029288181,0.0003218872,0.0026645414,0.00011705614,0.00052594015,0.000008334958,0.0000885259,0.006487237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99032444,0.00007637944,0.00917764,0.00009102997,0.000021301017,0.000023240762,8.568502e-7,0.000023099734,0.00026200205],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971484,0.000015313846,0.0007983154,0.00052752084,0.0008555637,0.0006549185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99734056,0.00010006357,0.0010733808,0.0012014223,0.00016686005,0.00011771922],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001414576,0.00028914277,0.00057051366,0.0006358319,0.0010274381,0.00012333675,0.0029447188,0.0002825563,0.0001761042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048378605,0.00021260754,0.00013325256,0.0006611795,0.004279784,0.00081086496,0.0005111118,0.00041847207,0.0001353933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001703392,0.00008029221,0.00012301815,0.000029418237,0.000016671707,0.000006342755,0.00020488477,0.13990696,0.8560553,0.0017472339,0.00003877588,0.0016207533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009867538,0.00033761724,0.00032341457,0.00004015555,0.000033265977,0.000052016854,0.0002852775,0.00058009935,0.98916787,0.0056680324,0.0022837552,0.00024175331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020356973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010628036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13932686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001584184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105547566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1584729079","doi":"10.7202/705476ar","title":"Influence de la matière organique et inorganiquede l'eau sur l'élimination des pesticides par nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Simazine; Pesticide; Forestry; Nanofiltration; Atrazine; Membrane; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.03245983129024942,"score_gpt":0.3020643381918828,"score_spread":0.26960450690163335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1584729079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94911236,0.0012698876,0.036669564,0.004084864,0.00007271853,0.0003561544,0.000013970727,0.0002578543,0.0081626605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8279829,0.0017954202,0.16844355,0.0004992688,0.000084639796,0.00003556002,0.000004621088,0.000023401835,0.0011306558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969188,0.00072489213,0.0005107855,0.0006195542,0.00044522146,0.0007807439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984951,0.0005876166,0.00030051742,0.00035401474,0.00007887167,0.00018385307],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027395887,0.00031968392,0.0002568872,0.00017787084,0.0009701063,0.00049589976,0.00089686934,0.0003774532,0.0009591735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024992602,0.00033817015,0.000068468136,0.0013358523,0.0066894293,0.002773027,0.00020529857,0.00035344195,0.0006316566],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008902639,0.00019213573,0.09209101,0.00025420444,0.000009392755,0.000024736893,0.009964267,0.15511505,0.6980631,0.016151585,0.00085554505,0.027270086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018438185,0.00030418296,0.22349393,0.00041314866,0.000040692918,0.0006488448,0.00060799153,0.06941952,0.6612854,0.03998031,0.0031093983,0.00051220355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042256988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007359204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13177398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015938927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036699572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1593103023","doi":"10.1016/s0927-5193(03)80020-7","title":"The design of high performance, gel-filled nanofiltration membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Membrane science and technology/Membrane science and technology series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01029439478006191,"score_gpt":0.20662445231914975,"score_spread":0.19633005753908783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1593103023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7129521,0.0064675245,0.00023612945,0.054066464,0.002422256,0.007958043,0.00008750572,0.004568061,0.21124192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92618555,0.024225067,0.0051102773,0.00031347692,0.000038643135,0.00029828137,0.00000815873,0.00012007382,0.043700483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9920712,0.000046086367,0.0012566366,0.0024198291,0.0025806702,0.0016255958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995245,0.00022683552,0.0010256225,0.0023058555,0.0009675893,0.00022909335],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0049439906,0.0010542861,0.0011992049,0.0032011918,0.0044682086,0.00036773828,0.0039418614,0.001473329,0.00021693109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019796477,0.0007930427,0.00006676799,0.0067143706,0.08283415,0.0023561087,0.0019758188,0.0012584387,0.000113586895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010598595,0.00006018103,0.00038660184,0.00019512391,0.00005663943,0.00002694344,0.00012918131,0.00009112534,0.6211935,0.3230285,0.0004727271,0.054253478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006951087,0.0009772531,0.00009346533,0.0001721949,0.000110682784,0.0007051997,0.0006787464,0.00054279494,0.8974539,0.05015445,0.047287725,0.00112849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030139388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006192013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27626038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003385352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00090929057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1620926642","doi":"10.6000/2369-3355.2014.01.01.1","title":"Bacterial Anti-Adhesion of Coated and Uncoated Thin-Film-Composite (TFC) Polyamide (PA) Membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Coating Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT; Tekes","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Polyvinyl alcohol; Thin-film composite membrane; Adhesion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Surface roughness; Contact angle; Reverse osmosis; Surface energy; Coating; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00841669820368417,"score_gpt":0.23437000969714644,"score_spread":0.22595331149346226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1620926642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99744403,0.000065694025,0.00017689302,0.0013500812,0.00014083518,0.00008751775,9.93566e-7,0.000068575966,0.0006653783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99709374,0.00009986961,0.0027089098,0.00005127568,0.000015973932,8.941174e-7,3.3849486e-7,0.0000062072827,0.000022782877],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844456,0.0000460652,0.0005120092,0.00024510195,0.00049674296,0.00025552596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881214,0.000112333284,0.0006553108,0.00021605934,0.00013484425,0.00006930882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014768301,0.00013312101,0.0003383211,0.00046389466,0.0002492284,0.00005214718,0.0005217928,0.0001571816,0.000044469893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011454321,0.0001027282,0.00002325374,0.0011687877,0.002310702,0.0005000244,0.00031790804,0.00023933523,0.00000515836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016355783,0.000022762553,0.018926214,0.000012743578,0.0000038579087,0.000004206523,0.00008801847,0.000080780825,0.9752762,0.00063903467,0.0000464447,0.0048833843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051160477,0.00044410533,0.013844165,0.00006125411,0.000015949687,0.0002183171,0.00029019715,0.002926935,0.9790953,0.0019390957,0.000528955,0.00012415017],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003867148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011022223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0050820503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039552408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047403853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85138786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1633016051","doi":"10.1139/s03-054","title":"Fouling assessment in a municipal water reclamation reverse osmosis system as related to concentration factor","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Wastewater; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Pulp and paper industry; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.00720444775490208,"score_gpt":0.22487520949322629,"score_spread":0.2176707617383242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1633016051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984294,0.000014423736,0.00078182726,0.0002498933,0.00012955922,0.0001265759,9.693528e-7,0.00001922067,0.0002481225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949122,0.00002831685,0.0049967826,0.00002686393,0.000005655771,0.0000030502629,4.5486658e-7,0.000005371936,0.000021282603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988429,0.000012967346,0.000347395,0.00016858593,0.00042339813,0.00020477994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996812,0.000013853295,0.00008782482,0.00010989006,0.0000029583973,0.000104300976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005290131,0.00009592661,0.00012537559,0.000112298316,0.00008520687,0.000043174157,0.00018763042,0.000046114954,0.00007865068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044667933,0.00007558969,0.000023445265,0.00020932542,0.00011582486,0.00059644744,0.000098923956,0.00017898997,0.000035089084],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000051083675,0.000019777652,0.002003027,0.0000047752596,0.0000019365125,0.0000114772165,0.0011972605,0.30173898,0.69438845,0.000115630566,0.0000010803954,0.0005125392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023220386,0.00091116445,0.26377472,0.00043143702,0.000025125619,0.00054036436,0.004713746,0.07803326,0.64771175,0.00030321314,0.0005932932,0.00063984515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003131438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020634789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2617717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009777795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013111358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3082458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1706203554","doi":"10.1039/c5ew00139k","title":"Nitrate removal from water using a nanopaper ion-exchanger","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Nitrate; Ion exchange; Anion exchanger; Ion; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.07158152122350109,"score_gpt":0.32185036500089653,"score_spread":0.25026884377739544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1706203554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921035,0.00007188363,0.00008813404,0.002502626,0.00020832964,0.0005384343,0.000010656249,0.00032600545,0.0041504223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99450004,0.00002409057,0.0036221503,0.000118417614,0.000052090785,0.000077820034,0.00002013864,0.000035824458,0.0015494485],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9939884,0.00016521662,0.00038822816,0.0012989922,0.002182964,0.0019762162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983675,0.000021658092,0.00004781028,0.0011773108,0.000019535535,0.0003662139],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027315086,0.00031234586,0.0002733116,0.00066859525,0.00087255635,0.00015660583,0.00214188,0.00033322233,0.005538656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012039288,0.00020141364,0.000053504613,0.0010129657,0.009107071,0.0011007255,0.004387757,0.0007515775,0.013011936],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027237526,0.00010399413,0.004143108,0.0000011408508,0.0000057827974,0.00014050103,0.00084204134,0.00025713744,0.991607,0.000040889736,0.00029373154,0.0025374275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040192617,0.00019672445,0.00047005835,0.0000071781906,0.0000051653215,0.0001320438,0.0016050255,0.0009527828,0.96166354,0.011733593,0.022507595,0.00032438515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00080836896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006270445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029943485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016999118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000430066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W173750248","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.77","title":"Surface Characterization by X–Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes Modified with Surface Modifying Macromolecules","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; National University of Singapore","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Miscibility; Surface modification; Phase inversion; Polymer; Ethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Macromolecule; Oxide; Fiber; Glass transition; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009852272373418888,"score_gpt":0.24438344874248952,"score_spread":0.23453117636907062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W173750248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896902,0.00006202137,0.0025904202,0.0012963961,0.00010674588,0.00045672955,0.0000123578875,0.00013114404,0.005653971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98678285,0.00023964066,0.012584392,0.000045077228,0.00001555715,0.0000066822586,0.0000035654616,0.00003718793,0.00028507068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99657625,0.00002690173,0.0007813886,0.0006541567,0.0011894,0.0007719263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99640924,0.00004490053,0.0020979368,0.0011761526,0.00012819214,0.00014358717],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011288509,0.0003866516,0.0007394716,0.00041216778,0.00075402006,0.00017351471,0.002782696,0.0003090814,0.00025259703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014395181,0.00031073138,0.00008789925,0.00136799,0.0043005324,0.0010320053,0.00040307827,0.00061776716,0.000045482284],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037435914,0.0001194848,0.00036174522,0.000026185962,0.000027231388,0.000012519833,0.00014760772,0.010312961,0.9869044,0.00035147573,0.000025714362,0.0013363229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012354974,0.00044919,0.00040813247,0.000044390148,0.000041882387,0.00007890625,0.0002674523,0.0011649637,0.9949785,0.0005346536,0.00046966184,0.00032678034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050342143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010842081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009993971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026453115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017282508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1763395975","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2015.10.006","title":"Brewery wastewater treatment using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemistry; Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biogas; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Methane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.034925850354624484,"score_gpt":0.2449058564983466,"score_spread":0.20998000614372211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1763395975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982678,0.000075500466,0.0010278645,0.00009193527,0.00022750911,0.00006693394,0.0000022275506,0.00014523632,0.00009496401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778124,0.000016531767,0.021890162,0.000019880392,0.00016142603,0.0000030495532,0.0000053610756,0.000022721037,0.00006848889],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900746,0.000014924054,0.00022366855,0.00019971184,0.00025536434,0.000298842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993634,0.000011753319,0.00005780189,0.00022775312,0.0000107065025,0.00032853978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015160977,0.00017744665,0.00015706605,0.00006707745,0.000045130088,0.00006511324,0.00022547343,0.000116924035,0.00028434527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000718757,0.00013800537,0.000057859535,0.00015582454,0.000061283354,0.00028032012,0.000069504305,0.00016182476,0.000092632756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011070637,0.000067251174,0.00017207583,0.0000020581786,0.00001133707,0.000019422792,0.00008461931,0.026403155,0.97248095,0.000005060371,0.00039387858,0.00034911657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047263963,0.00016556834,0.00016388184,0.000012192746,0.000015861411,0.00036276478,0.000053572658,0.028872555,0.9658369,0.000020126723,0.0038029575,0.00022097513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003410304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.0316033e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020862296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005027231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000219337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56276953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W17674795","doi":"10.2175/106143006x95474","title":"Fouling Mechanisms in a Laboratory‐Scale UV Disinfection System","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Calcium carbonate; Precipitation; Magnesium; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Calcium hydroxide; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Membrane","score_opus":0.017795528629162356,"score_gpt":0.26354280207819614,"score_spread":0.24574727344903377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W17674795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98543996,0.000016599372,0.0028073045,0.00038815153,0.00005277254,0.0004998634,0.000003466176,0.00014493133,0.010646963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967206,0.00001438853,0.0011387707,0.000009769679,0.000027978647,0.00016341206,0.000015145683,0.000020634565,0.0018892987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99752736,0.00023187487,0.00027786614,0.0004899251,0.0008465589,0.00062643754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943924,0.000033073018,0.00002769544,0.0004419876,0.000004102185,0.000053894128],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014440273,0.00014086656,0.00014070458,0.00017040664,0.00020429282,0.00006250894,0.00028037763,0.00013442722,0.0015239527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009192533,0.00010854984,0.000031197844,0.0002773092,0.0002400297,0.00023761469,0.00042482305,0.0003191094,0.005508709],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002077559,0.00018491369,0.03718901,0.000030749514,0.000003150874,0.00003569036,0.000215914,0.012214469,0.94748265,0.0011911694,0.0005872564,0.0008442603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041881317,0.000110512665,0.02991142,0.000020162426,0.0000030493889,0.000005165186,0.0004466728,0.0026123968,0.95183927,0.0033958163,0.011003936,0.00023278911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010210121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002272278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011280653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00097194716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004154434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1777638749","doi":"10.1139/s05-032","title":"Biological treatment of oily wastewater from gas stations by membrane bioreactor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Activated sludge; Separator (oil production); Activated carbon; Fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.007394144037785608,"score_gpt":0.19078713865919839,"score_spread":0.18339299462141279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1777638749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992089,0.00020984627,0.00021694104,0.00007398321,0.00005894092,0.000053329844,0.000037672253,0.000011500224,0.00012885389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99578273,0.00027506004,0.0038464072,0.0000049480495,0.000016313228,0.0000017659995,0.0000036755916,0.000004461571,0.00006463912],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991069,0.000008721751,0.00028507732,0.00015580712,0.00028565194,0.00015783396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963266,0.00004761984,0.00013771805,0.000110461835,0.0000022126947,0.00006934325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012443194,0.00010794845,0.00015859955,0.000066989414,0.000056331053,0.000019671455,0.00017028495,0.000039512797,0.00028926533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001729877,0.000075018834,0.000039060615,0.000118753735,0.00049988553,0.00025256263,0.00004930289,0.00005225059,0.000010124233],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069805133,0.000106940155,0.0064363065,8.5686344e-7,0.000003980903,0.0000033650356,0.00007179969,0.004162518,0.9878834,0.00001137814,0.00004946213,0.0012630303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040512023,0.00043171574,0.072847344,0.00000763711,0.000011127032,0.000025393892,0.000106474676,0.0019022531,0.9212892,0.000077250974,0.002777836,0.000118660966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008067419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014248914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0665942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001433307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005564598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31672525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1781764661","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.1","title":"Development of Ag/GO Incorporated onto PES Membrane with Improved Anti-Fouling Property","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; Mintek","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02483619759466437,"score_gpt":0.2579293574550061,"score_spread":0.23309315986034174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1781764661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99421644,0.00014748459,0.002891038,0.0009402293,0.000080371305,0.00028710093,0.0000012323446,0.00010156363,0.0013345311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9503127,0.000094095725,0.049080666,0.00005218986,0.000018132781,0.000010360817,0.0000038995026,0.000016195416,0.00041181024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808836,0.0000510507,0.00090929976,0.00026133374,0.000450265,0.00023971792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998408,0.00002876217,0.0009851083,0.0002605181,0.00020385793,0.00011375736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007686079,0.0002229671,0.0005266472,0.00037496103,0.000110866,0.000029191664,0.00035948463,0.00027661468,0.000080886704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018888628,0.0001392951,0.000037982543,0.0007224608,0.00039997327,0.0005209083,0.0001390923,0.00031853744,0.00002347891],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032172445,0.00016559045,0.0051190974,0.00004628108,0.00008148732,0.000023112738,0.0010236362,0.0017907203,0.9764147,0.00017757891,0.0003621973,0.014473887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017822854,0.00080195104,0.0006743245,0.000059883103,0.000043383752,0.0003288692,0.0014714767,0.0020969268,0.9820155,0.0003585362,0.0101124225,0.00025445642],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024221332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017568978,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04618963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001171646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018326694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56802887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1782293122","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2015.09.062","title":"Assessment of the hindered transport model in predicting the rejection of trace organic compounds by nanofiltration","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Diffusion; Chromatography; Phase (matter); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.021311628204645945,"score_gpt":0.2703383903381074,"score_spread":0.24902676213346148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1782293122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99430054,0.000023598304,0.0025041203,0.0008538224,0.0002190016,0.00016886572,0.0000032041662,0.0000064436576,0.0019204131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983211,0.000023136838,0.0015310541,0.00002690023,0.000007913673,0.0000015655537,2.519819e-7,0.000004388072,0.00008367759],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976506,0.00008318593,0.00064438215,0.00014790121,0.0013178228,0.00015605568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987477,0.000059914782,0.0007813981,0.0002745894,0.000087637454,0.00004876883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034883379,0.00008627188,0.00018293373,0.00008919471,0.00011572705,0.00001632554,0.00091453164,0.00005192453,0.00003469005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002456909,0.000049899903,0.000054823962,0.0011468538,0.0007785629,0.00058104796,0.00006135848,0.00025507458,5.348686e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012721322,0.00006776841,0.02515017,0.000006458599,0.0000023710904,3.280091e-7,0.00079678075,0.09408686,0.879542,0.000067039895,0.000105425876,0.00016205873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061696273,0.0001847162,0.08121059,0.00005015157,0.000018489318,0.000049834085,0.0016686406,0.11750999,0.7980182,0.00054497446,0.00004727156,0.00008014093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008407874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012776341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08152378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002526975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033404698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28686473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1798258276","doi":"10.3968/j.aped.1925543820130501.1156","title":"Treating Heavy Oil Wastewater for Beneficial Use by Integrated Technology of Bio-Oxidation and RO","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in petroleum exploration and development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Wastewater; Reverse osmosis; Waste management; Effluent; Boiler (water heating); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.013741640688437397,"score_gpt":0.2383442948258326,"score_spread":0.22460265413739522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1798258276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812093,0.00020677794,0.017650604,0.0005332389,0.00003920262,0.0001634999,0.0000035161233,0.000059496375,0.00013437362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9570909,0.0006956673,0.041543957,0.000034652156,0.0000030812942,0.00030806594,0.000060481005,0.000007634326,0.00025554196],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919474,0.000014037273,0.00031542729,0.0002358591,0.000100993835,0.00013895321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971837,0.000041348158,0.00011476294,0.000083548046,0.00001885151,0.000023100769],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095595584,0.00011103202,0.00013878675,0.00012999398,0.000077479184,0.000032476724,0.00006247523,0.0000760316,0.0000521531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007462184,0.00009443134,0.0000068334152,0.00016813926,0.00011975817,0.0012386378,0.00006129097,0.000049455346,0.000011324254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006455535,0.000088465276,0.029598631,0.00004873181,0.0000075763637,2.823211e-7,0.0010775629,0.0027669705,0.1605292,0.00033502697,0.00023230302,0.8052507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086983043,0.00016671809,0.001139868,0.000046055105,0.000003488469,0.0000017262817,0.0035948954,0.0062169083,0.95182115,0.002004289,0.033875894,0.0002591744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028924624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018995708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80499154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006194272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009340771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38507986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1819538160","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.077","title":"Long term performance of membranes in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Pilot plant; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental science","score_opus":0.0275860626977507,"score_gpt":0.2562257475848789,"score_spread":0.22863968488712821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1819538160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951732,0.000053188785,0.0000013217128,0.000045037785,0.000049908813,0.00018495898,0.0000018663974,0.000102141625,0.0043883645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979001,0.00002501641,0.0014391651,0.000019815721,0.000015381198,0.00001736725,0.000016059472,0.000019259574,0.00054779026],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876654,0.000034779066,0.00033237555,0.0003153088,0.00026126302,0.00028973148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922734,0.000020387184,0.00012460652,0.0005187546,0.000012408371,0.000096500575],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022760927,0.00017993418,0.00025124778,0.000022925573,0.000035564775,0.00002008528,0.00043773858,0.00013016794,0.001134459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043973843,0.00015176473,0.00003425911,0.0003285787,0.00024034799,0.000574177,0.00016776817,0.00013752004,0.0001258227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082071056,0.00016472464,0.5289154,0.000091234986,0.0000063498637,0.000010629501,0.0021391574,0.003146306,0.45544484,0.000004775052,0.000047531707,0.00994698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006391628,0.00017034508,0.06527189,0.00003802158,0.000006924471,0.0000068939275,0.0007553237,0.0029730734,0.9298536,0.000011444185,0.00007944003,0.00019385836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003007544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008062829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47440878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012045429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014859278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1822614884","doi":"10.1039/c5ra08317f","title":"Thin film composite polyamide membranes: parametric study on the influence of synthesis conditions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":196,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Hospital Edmonton; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Monomer; Polymerization; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Salt (chemistry); Range (aeronautics); Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.026032577833850178,"score_gpt":0.28490195896810383,"score_spread":0.2588693811342537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1822614884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931634,0.00011738471,0.00002660775,0.00041130066,0.000043091528,0.00039722567,0.000017179778,0.000106547865,0.0057172393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992814,0.000044065968,0.0002904034,0.00013961752,0.0000056928434,0.00009077097,0.0000013187342,0.000007219002,0.00013951072],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987615,0.00012748432,0.00024811798,0.00023776498,0.00046387123,0.00016129523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841595,0.00088541483,0.0001710237,0.00046117185,0.000017585706,0.00004885903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003323341,0.000127824,0.00017759154,0.000079371894,0.00012940567,0.000019709827,0.0005104988,0.000038175505,0.00023851017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010629239,0.000083620485,0.00003416198,0.000686678,0.00040593612,0.00034801097,0.00011788355,0.00011516495,0.0004327076],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006331767,0.0006455872,0.1170031,0.000019333433,0.000040435563,0.000009950377,0.0014428733,0.8583022,0.018708348,0.0013910368,0.0010865678,0.0012872666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082910067,0.0010579833,0.53220105,0.000100563964,0.000097706215,0.0000142603885,0.019967554,0.0034479385,0.42114553,0.013153422,0.0072796643,0.0007052339],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013983017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056367382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8548542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005569492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010549069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55617255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1843170454","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2015-0037","title":"Superoxygenation: analysis of oxygen transfer design parameters using high-purity oxygen and a pressurized column","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Vanderbilt University","keywords":"Oxygen; Aeration; Oxygen saturation; Pressure swing adsorption; Saturation (graph theory); Mass transfer coefficient; Limiting oxygen concentration; Wastewater; Environmental science; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Adsorption; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03120594110511198,"score_gpt":0.2107044685643801,"score_spread":0.17949852745926811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1843170454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91753644,0.0002720729,0.081766844,0.00010136885,0.000090783375,0.00011078436,0.000011527228,0.0000126585655,0.00009751928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912361,0.000012966115,0.008694862,0.000016705915,0.000010465215,0.0000017382292,0.0000013449809,0.000010894635,0.000014932125],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902695,0.00004301882,0.00035398974,0.000121825564,0.00024519683,0.00020902202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992892,0.000056033172,0.000077896046,0.00014504445,0.000052139258,0.00037964943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053028535,0.0001140644,0.00031907987,0.00044418624,0.000039369876,0.000039370414,0.00021583782,0.0000822971,0.00023268073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021914676,0.00011732087,0.00007372263,0.00067586015,0.00009301994,0.00031220092,0.000014704568,0.00012348944,0.0000012878216],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010245411,0.000005483119,0.003246592,0.000009946556,0.0002596695,0.000022378488,0.00074887794,0.9787503,0.016546942,0.000040851697,0.00022335963,0.00013537843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027147157,0.00054849056,0.109434344,0.00012858411,0.0021668752,0.00017411335,0.0007736217,0.833218,0.046499096,0.0007140443,0.002658885,0.00096927094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003748364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0359663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14553231,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021399852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014293096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9816248},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1843183515","doi":"10.1063/1.3160271","title":"Modification of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes by Novel Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecule (cSMM) Blends for Water Application","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Macromolecule; Membrane; Materials science; Fiber; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.027504913410261043,"score_gpt":0.260299665837133,"score_spread":0.23279475242687195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1843183515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93776816,0.0000355118,0.053956483,0.0026058909,0.000024188255,0.00089921564,0.000028315993,0.00022155618,0.004460651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99377847,0.000035189823,0.0043788217,0.00012085528,0.000010963207,0.00010838579,0.000055370543,0.000018216859,0.0014937574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984821,0.000004319617,0.0003498508,0.00050262955,0.00030710947,0.00035400377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994112,0.000019476453,0.0002066013,0.00020988214,0.00009252603,0.000060307033],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027851498,0.00021247125,0.00023465701,0.000048181682,0.00013745703,0.000057927642,0.00044459544,0.00016547646,0.00031667203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004652664,0.00018221526,0.000058435195,0.00021853507,0.00015293492,0.0004504735,0.000061653845,0.000115167524,0.0001213381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050277456,0.000082473445,0.00023375527,0.000036983118,0.0000069722523,3.050218e-8,0.0008326083,0.00008006456,0.99338007,0.0007360688,0.0005015114,0.0040591964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053269876,0.00012036816,0.00034570452,0.000013704854,0.000017874401,0.0000020428886,0.00023580078,0.03536978,0.95883936,0.0020544867,0.0022293392,0.00023881538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007067133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020344464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056010254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070077214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013292691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74305224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W185342197","doi":"","title":"ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES: ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER REMOVAL AND INTEGRATION WITH MEMBRANE PROCESSES","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Nanofiltration; Water treatment; Chemistry; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Water quality; Pulp and paper industry; Organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Alkalinity; Turbidity; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental chemistry; Surface water; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.002659716276140078,"score_gpt":0.1635525394794615,"score_spread":0.1608928232033214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W185342197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96485585,0.00014505377,0.00032562742,0.0010127665,0.000037174013,0.00020675424,0.000013940268,0.000012301751,0.03339053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99189436,0.00010016212,0.0064214393,0.00023029816,0.000007893859,0.000009853945,0.000008143756,0.0000099748695,0.0013178794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986398,0.000022659873,0.00018826465,0.00016273877,0.0008194321,0.00016709129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995352,0.000094496645,0.0001772846,0.000116382886,8.705392e-7,0.00007573281],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000013335526,0.00012502776,0.00014529431,0.000014662142,0.0000757906,0.000011688381,0.0001152584,0.000015586727,0.00014182013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000095393325,0.00009708337,0.0000043900827,0.00015380693,0.0001233711,0.0010094311,0.000089870744,0.000077210796,7.1336674e-9],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024042421,0.000053093776,0.16012229,0.00059619045,0.000025618727,0.0000042354895,0.00019790721,0.000094809744,0.8313056,0.0023503695,0.00012520715,0.0048842025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024973482,0.00009146508,0.14207558,0.000075840326,0.000013140634,0.00001552587,0.0016661385,0.00029159462,0.8544738,0.00010612034,0.0007946566,0.00014637045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038968757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015335296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032072652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010746849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033196402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85574555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W186798505","doi":"","title":"Design and Performance of a Pilot Submerged Membrane Electro-Bioreactor (SMEBR) for Wastewater Treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Aeration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Environmental science; Pilot plant; Waste management; Bioreactor; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.03706630189230263,"score_gpt":0.2666203319187897,"score_spread":0.22955403002648705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W186798505","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98583776,0.0001120027,0.000024786483,0.000060669183,0.0002109674,0.0016505956,0.000009015468,0.00008894042,0.012005292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9544966,0.00045639297,0.00020603806,0.000001037032,0.000056961173,0.000040522093,0.000072701776,0.00004232533,0.044627413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974566,0.00028047696,0.0002969174,0.00063489185,0.0005388936,0.00079223723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875623,0.00020478095,0.00024416242,0.00054058875,0.000056329096,0.00019789295],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048370496,0.0003399715,0.00045905597,0.0005556655,0.00045064418,0.000041486495,0.00052028906,0.00028444393,0.0002033163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037903723,0.00032105274,0.00011110222,0.0005744352,0.00040518618,0.00039840842,0.00011586866,0.0003708371,0.00003459671],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003885877,0.0002493277,0.016888736,0.00023098366,0.00015171227,0.000023200122,0.0004764752,0.000043636017,0.9764316,0.00017209747,0.00031867556,0.0011276767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082897826,0.00380562,0.03350494,0.000036418674,0.000094748815,0.000009085554,0.0004049602,0.00031171102,0.95598733,0.00004384529,0.0046605454,0.00031183645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003657267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017801698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03262212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00092399167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019261228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1881545202","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.4","title":"New Concept for Dual-Layer Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Composite Membrane for Membrane Distillation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Composite number; Chemistry; Dual (grammatical number); Membrane distillation; Dual layer; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Distillation; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Engineering; Desalination; Art","score_opus":0.0261097332693433,"score_gpt":0.2955323586886727,"score_spread":0.26942262541932943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1881545202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.926201,0.00078966725,0.060178693,0.009100181,0.00070206984,0.0015536882,0.000035743018,0.0002732487,0.0011657514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9761599,0.00019146629,0.021455685,0.0002570662,0.0002301909,0.00004817812,0.00003704016,0.000040379018,0.0015801239],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976084,0.000060192255,0.001031009,0.00043014102,0.0004619648,0.00040824892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981112,0.00022446297,0.0008551007,0.00037035035,0.00019312797,0.00024577463],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070536847,0.00032900824,0.000683032,0.00042950537,0.00021087984,0.00007379083,0.00037998482,0.00047964673,0.00016629173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004219132,0.00028973533,0.00016403227,0.00057467713,0.00033722149,0.00064403424,0.00011555494,0.0002894309,0.000037404494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00094702415,0.00013190618,0.0004954612,0.00007096385,0.000120035365,0.000015306941,0.0007425349,0.014976272,0.94634116,0.004081915,0.01839029,0.0136871515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059729065,0.001851663,0.0001339649,0.00004044366,0.00017168713,0.0005179822,0.00040581473,0.013052177,0.8815807,0.013684954,0.08209732,0.00049037917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026224958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003134798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06476043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017129052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000098068835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1883346484","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.055","title":"A new method for modeling rough membrane surface and calculation of interfacial interactions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Surface roughness; Surface (topology); Membrane bioreactor; Materials science; Surface finish; Surface energy; Rough surface; Chemical engineering; Biological system; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.04498151466202241,"score_gpt":0.3296665893559746,"score_spread":0.2846850746939522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1883346484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56014526,0.000052993542,0.43753177,0.0013257962,0.000047849044,0.00024150024,0.000003531363,0.00023028112,0.00042104672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7833555,0.0000038452517,0.21631895,0.000019519672,0.000010821649,0.000011961224,0.0000032875364,0.000010597445,0.00026555505],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915224,0.00002326355,0.00025669477,0.0002777804,0.00011935234,0.0001706734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995011,0.000048891437,0.00011241223,0.00025940224,0.000023476363,0.000054710872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022560169,0.000115546514,0.00019143653,0.00012883381,0.000049280596,0.000010006919,0.00021968583,0.0001907426,0.000055862405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029493243,0.000110387766,0.0000322853,0.0003501902,0.00014422243,0.000114654955,0.0002357452,0.00011842242,0.000020295298],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027004498,0.000091562484,0.0077402797,0.000033296812,0.00006932774,0.0000017516647,0.0021405795,0.23577905,0.6267913,0.0068804864,0.0043277903,0.11587455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010052492,0.00026251472,0.00008407742,0.000018334056,0.000039401122,0.00003459778,0.0011138947,0.6483156,0.3180722,0.0113473395,0.019454617,0.0002521477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041438403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014702407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4125366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007405535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016758726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45014825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1888321453","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.089","title":"Fluorescence analysis of NOM degradation by photocatalytic oxidation and its potential to mitigate membrane fouling in drinking water treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Photocatalysis; Fouling; Humic acid; Chemistry; Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Catalysis; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.016983706450428904,"score_gpt":0.2398968824469062,"score_spread":0.2229131759964773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1888321453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986354,0.000035563142,0.00045471967,0.00024015081,0.000019527335,0.00029307228,0.0000027947706,0.000033761095,0.0002850257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824053,0.000017740978,0.0012682921,0.000024695502,0.000003381286,0.000026301526,0.00007490154,0.000006819066,0.0003373341],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910015,0.000017646295,0.00022808785,0.00028997537,0.00020003115,0.00016412334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966574,0.000011222028,0.000060005423,0.00018169945,0.0000130324215,0.000068323345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014252965,0.000113857335,0.00019052663,0.00003915268,0.000030373627,0.000021324926,0.00012177005,0.00006311155,0.0002615789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033878492,0.00009196844,0.000030709132,0.00046290684,0.00004481269,0.0002647285,0.00008375783,0.000038348928,0.0000594051],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022727138,0.000041326246,0.0059626414,0.000006192787,0.000031043877,0.0000019082486,0.0005417788,0.016441675,0.9722343,0.000004339352,0.00004171041,0.0046703718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032657647,0.00004627953,0.0018164826,0.000008119592,0.00007575209,8.04439e-7,0.00021922823,0.040673465,0.9565968,0.000033479555,0.00010041374,0.000102621554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003767648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003251368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02423179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019047479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006520101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37503642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1906678904","doi":"10.1002/9781118590331.ch1","title":"Microfiltration for casein and serum protein separation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Casein; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chromatography; Skimmed milk; Ceramic membrane; Fractionation; Permeation; Cross-flow filtration; Separation process; Chemistry; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Computer science; Food science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018623205480632416,"score_gpt":0.27684104318858144,"score_spread":0.25821783770794904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1906678904","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017099917,0.000116027215,0.003953873,0.00038864286,0.000073286974,0.002102415,0.00009120337,0.000520576,0.991044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0022677507,0.000010199537,0.012487921,0.00006581411,0.00004177217,0.00016835838,0.000104307604,0.00009084511,0.984763],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935883,0.000015345338,0.000115291325,0.0002682884,0.0001242975,0.00011796509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996692,0.0000065701074,0.000096013595,0.00018822958,0.0000049856485,0.00003502651],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011807728,0.00013665471,0.00012100327,0.00005053832,0.000032104763,0.000027805254,0.00008553222,0.00023338375,0.0045615234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035233028,0.000119254735,0.0000146138145,0.00007373896,0.00008524396,0.00007586468,0.000048773916,0.000050294693,0.0004663202],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042115466,0.000007848929,0.000028793864,0.000020030284,0.0000041326916,4.088043e-7,0.000019460913,0.0000041121757,0.014459187,0.00027181173,0.98321664,0.0019633488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020853977,0.00007321539,0.000021780177,0.000012939243,0.000007733926,0.000003676289,0.000035023848,0.00028608748,0.028767075,0.0007203698,0.96968293,0.0001806129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020918876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016224347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014307888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049560324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012742618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99634844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1953081547","doi":"10.2166/wst.2016.014","title":"Application of forward osmosis membrane technology for oil sands process-affected water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Natural Resources; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Oil sands; Desalination; Tailings; Forward osmosis; Fouling; Cellulose triacetate; Asphalt; Reverse osmosis; Brine; Extraction (chemistry); Waste management; Environmental science; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Materials science; Chromatography","score_opus":0.006755430070746582,"score_gpt":0.24844763704536998,"score_spread":0.2416922069746234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1953081547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93694234,0.000011263176,0.05042625,0.01029832,0.000097999946,0.00052990555,0.000007748529,0.0009780735,0.0007080939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938177,0.00001844988,0.0049132803,0.000041864594,0.000009386395,0.0007855949,0.0000076846145,0.00002079356,0.00038527857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997422,0.000015999176,0.00047040437,0.00085777725,0.0004372416,0.0007965863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998728,0.000027352624,0.00016026084,0.0008696607,0.00016116127,0.00005360187],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000782901,0.00023430413,0.00031107894,0.00126128,0.00031055056,0.000021725276,0.0015535452,0.00044082603,0.00015050959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029566095,0.00012588283,0.00005489087,0.002087971,0.0036378526,0.0006130669,0.0005176166,0.00012004118,0.00029055515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016750562,0.000056295514,0.0033264547,0.000024195662,0.0000042454876,3.8939908e-7,0.00011321855,0.000057929632,0.9054411,0.0018250158,0.000019880452,0.08911449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005400473,0.00024444115,0.00018706919,0.000016076308,0.000014664343,0.000014528302,0.000099818295,0.0006299128,0.9673881,0.027876046,0.0027679862,0.00022131078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000122333095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023459881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08889318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022252832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026552512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1961198492","doi":"10.1002/cite.201500080","title":"Reuse of Air for Return Activated Sludge Pumping in Submerged Membrane Bioreactors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemie Ingenieur Technik","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airlift; Sparging; Reuse; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Activated sludge; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Sewage treatment","score_opus":0.03653229751633275,"score_gpt":0.2695493024504581,"score_spread":0.23301700493412536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1961198492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942121,0.000029945271,0.00012561935,0.00040478146,0.000079626916,0.0005710192,0.000010266149,0.00041699363,0.0041496824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953947,0.00001963975,0.004109417,0.000053167438,0.000015822787,0.00012414668,0.000019454325,0.000031366642,0.00023229395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849164,0.000019273513,0.00043998528,0.000398857,0.00030011867,0.00035010703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879134,0.000062601015,0.00023032712,0.00079809804,0.000030481393,0.00008713589],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005240683,0.00020285182,0.00029694478,0.0001614677,0.00003670044,0.000008473072,0.0007750253,0.00025944837,0.00008389574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001538245,0.00019612929,0.0000704347,0.00082579657,0.00022144917,0.00026304545,0.00035554403,0.00021738815,0.00002391779],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058434023,0.00006183948,0.004987531,0.000029986613,0.000006777771,0.000002240095,0.0003341481,0.000058646052,0.9911967,0.00001664426,0.0026604396,0.0005866027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056937395,0.000059137237,0.0007414155,0.000029381252,0.00000859103,0.0000034733173,0.00023824448,0.00012233964,0.99205726,0.0006703598,0.00528426,0.00021617026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013595376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049271694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042461157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003068846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026911099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.799792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1962517869","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.10.091","title":"Impact of graphene oxide embedded polyethersulfone membranes for the effective treatment of distillery effluent","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Graphene; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyacrylic acid; Oxide; Polymer; Permeation; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Casting; Miscibility; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015031350237769723,"score_gpt":0.26255041376857313,"score_spread":0.2475190635308034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1962517869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840821,0.00050463935,0.014964539,0.000041044146,0.00007439477,0.00025122115,0.0000075001935,0.000029363731,0.00004519808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99609935,0.00005328106,0.0037584328,0.0000020284367,0.000031334614,0.000029493027,0.00000137901,0.000012258734,0.000012412457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928856,0.000010234612,0.00023782562,0.00010234257,0.00019006507,0.0001709621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932677,0.00026109864,0.0001232389,0.00017308015,0.000022486287,0.000093304756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016346648,0.00013210796,0.00022511165,0.000036892794,0.000023114972,0.00000845295,0.0001888549,0.000059810376,0.000044189088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002874699,0.00007620664,0.00020801298,0.00014387157,0.0001236036,0.00006148712,0.000032234948,0.00008061828,0.0000026193793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013203353,0.000104759354,0.0009180274,0.000017863254,0.00013483255,0.000001151745,0.0003079511,0.15355375,0.8414077,0.000015592881,0.00013149234,0.0032747886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011805134,0.00042266372,0.004835374,0.000019478854,0.000049852126,0.00003961028,0.00006323186,0.013271371,0.97970694,0.00015191817,0.00015414147,0.00010491719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034637458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9723319e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14028239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023702242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014316572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31076166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963666506","doi":"10.1007/s10311-011-0351-1","title":"Remediation technologies using cyclodextrins: an overview","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Chemistry Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Pollutant; Cyclodextrin; Supramolecular chemistry; Scope (computer science); Biochemical engineering; Biodegradation; Environmental science; Environmental pollution; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Environmental protection; Contamination; Molecule; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.029066354806094295,"score_gpt":0.2537372813781245,"score_spread":0.22467092657203022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963666506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99756086,0.0004470418,0.00023430971,0.00038634503,0.00007083446,0.00014687519,0.00000837235,0.00041927348,0.0007261165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99563307,0.00018070215,0.0036856201,0.0002785633,0.000063099564,0.000023899707,0.00004507998,0.000024318535,0.00006566865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986261,0.000024436345,0.00022483854,0.00033524595,0.00035817781,0.00043121394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992519,0.000015667387,0.00012508659,0.00052409334,4.3507944e-7,0.00008278722],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016038366,0.00021626071,0.00013824918,0.000020701362,0.00013550631,0.000021636168,0.0003604631,0.00015138216,0.0024182107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027514925,0.00022198999,0.000052346997,0.00012647663,0.0003724142,0.000794183,0.0002987499,0.00019583137,0.0004636738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003497712,0.000080287704,0.05361421,0.000008753141,0.0000052086625,0.000002177449,0.00007800407,0.00043157744,0.9428694,0.0000040669674,0.00027321008,0.0026295704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001989825,0.000008453042,0.018524531,0.0000074684144,0.000018016139,0.000037214802,0.00048664722,0.00050217536,0.973084,0.000053448653,0.0067069405,0.00037212076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015291083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.6531805e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03508968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004976481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018851958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99849373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965263424","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.08.019","title":"Editorial: New directions in desalination","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Desalination; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Process engineering; Water treatment; Electrodialysis; Environmental science; Biofouling; Unit operation; Forward osmosis; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.011629819094521099,"score_gpt":0.2756894699685662,"score_spread":0.2640596508740451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965263424","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00031595712,0.0001593754,0.00089146156,0.0001813773,0.9930553,0.0004294082,0.000022274366,0.00040812686,0.004536726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019466183,0.00032399967,0.0014002847,0.000011768337,0.9915393,0.000105354484,0.0007182844,0.0000562218,0.0038981573],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99721575,0.00013507738,0.0005090411,0.0004993959,0.0012662011,0.00037454523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987068,0.00036736293,0.0003452622,0.0004152159,0.00006334414,0.000102016646],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008960716,0.0003017244,0.00028621452,0.00031615363,0.00011034838,0.000082143895,0.00039829084,0.001514495,0.00067963835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002580621,0.0003275541,0.00007478607,0.00078004296,0.00009106579,0.0007489288,0.00015365849,0.0008037223,0.0014880376],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011079205,0.00006832378,0.0002589285,0.000011866016,0.0000051854117,4.7466295e-7,0.00011792802,0.00017849932,0.00029160408,0.00029113103,0.98290205,0.015862934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003866294,0.000035166795,0.0009456232,0.00002738497,0.000024250061,3.651726e-7,0.000015112805,0.00012478125,0.0009468001,0.0024324737,0.99473584,0.0003255913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015016285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016097811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015537343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001205954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109282475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965665528","doi":"10.2166/wst.2014.038","title":"A novel approach to analyzing concentration polarization of polysaccharide solutions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Radius of gyration; Polymer; Concentration polarization; Hydrodynamic radius; Membrane; Chemistry; Polysaccharide; Filtration (mathematics); Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016066749079475622,"score_gpt":0.23182881507574749,"score_spread":0.21576206599627187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965665528","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5182543,0.0000032206053,0.4773248,0.00112336,0.00005537211,0.00018520813,0.0000013138215,0.00022118095,0.002831217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96931845,0.00000118709,0.030453024,0.00009377466,0.0000064083915,0.000026490245,0.0000026095263,0.000005964192,0.00009211086],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984299,0.0000145932445,0.00027591462,0.00047123528,0.0003279,0.0004804903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929005,0.000008927132,0.000085475054,0.0005145529,0.000040066454,0.000060958733],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000674614,0.000111620866,0.00014942673,0.0004832413,0.00031144486,0.000035052748,0.0008614026,0.00012410714,0.000051950552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026369718,0.00008823924,0.000023854434,0.0024754135,0.0013314986,0.00043933227,0.00053984864,0.00011319328,0.0001417426],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017865154,0.00004515358,0.004492865,0.0000019143881,0.0000011396589,5.9005014e-8,0.00023708894,0.0037582312,0.9745178,0.014446805,0.000015784271,0.002481326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011957658,0.00007598776,0.0019252168,0.000004063729,0.0000056796566,0.000011252197,0.0001279601,0.019033218,0.97619224,0.002002049,0.000372736,0.00013001615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011469731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001945129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4510641,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001308172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020221842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4905962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965667359","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.021","title":"Formation of thin film composite nanofiltration membrane: Effect of polysulfone substrate characteristics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Nanofiltration; Substrate (aquarium); Layer (electronics); Thin film; Permeability (electromagnetism); Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007738251390586133,"score_gpt":0.22327924642924318,"score_spread":0.21554099503865706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965667359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99430996,0.0000072708917,0.0031024595,0.000116939555,0.000067121146,0.0004760039,0.000010599763,0.00007233182,0.001837298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985844,0.00001567493,0.001096461,0.000015712114,0.0000079436395,0.000034872475,0.0001436111,0.000007848186,0.000093467774],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891955,0.00010010013,0.0004377229,0.00013161529,0.0002992048,0.0001118329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992194,0.00008929938,0.0004244102,0.00019842805,0.00004409639,0.000024330642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034197766,0.0001091038,0.00018551486,0.000083906656,0.000048661117,0.000019814825,0.00014697069,0.00010422194,0.0004380313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010510317,0.000096528645,0.000041289062,0.00026307115,0.000109313914,0.00076089747,0.000033878558,0.000063674524,0.00019319529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021906695,0.00003163281,0.005845315,0.00007611442,0.0000042823326,1.7607697e-7,0.00021142389,0.0011313426,0.98844147,0.0003190953,0.00013158974,0.003785675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002546302,0.00014622712,0.09098282,0.00001640912,0.000012802162,0.000002173717,0.000021595215,0.04364974,0.86460763,0.00021179095,0.000018321683,0.000075875905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001311395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011069121,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12383383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005344439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044176113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47961354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965716357","doi":"10.2166/ws.2011.025","title":"Assessing irreversible fouling behavior of membrane foulants in the ultrafiltration of natural water using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Backwashing; Membrane; Particulates; Chemistry; Colloid; Organic matter; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03517475853599363,"score_gpt":0.28707989233940673,"score_spread":0.2519051338034131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965716357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986185,0.000010820049,0.0006372396,0.00014769463,0.000093031515,0.00035643828,0.0000031066038,0.000054630105,0.00007857307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881726,0.000007043236,0.011754956,0.000008783388,0.0000023873215,0.000019762825,0.000015594398,0.0000071401005,0.000011749725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974683,0.00007779218,0.0007405776,0.00049314543,0.0006976079,0.00052256417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990445,0.000026226948,0.0002154026,0.0006064018,0.00007683991,0.00003064478],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012944185,0.00019362356,0.00038925227,0.001585396,0.0002010893,0.000035681507,0.001398788,0.00016631211,0.00019592552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037612517,0.00009951495,0.000089076384,0.0021336614,0.0019316728,0.001209346,0.00041078086,0.00021992617,0.000008708058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016547558,0.00010793894,0.14172775,0.000018634597,0.000012394115,0.000005414626,0.0054912046,0.00090561237,0.8513039,0.000028900957,4.4127762e-7,0.00038131437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017650666,0.00007073177,0.043174416,0.00002793653,0.00013004492,0.0000120969535,0.0016617873,0.01030601,0.9440508,0.00024557178,0.0000040600303,0.00014003163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060672243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006980922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09855333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092753195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001966896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71173286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965932786","doi":"10.1139/s06-037","title":"Membrane filtration for cold regions – impact of cold water on membrane integrity monitoring tests","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Membrane integrity; Filtration (mathematics); Structural integrity; Pressure drop; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mechanics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012322037196751161,"score_gpt":0.23900269235318916,"score_spread":0.226680655156438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965932786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985323,0.000027130909,0.00095458725,0.00006859735,0.00011816022,0.00014019608,0.000008802445,0.000015953174,0.00013427791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969019,0.00004321387,0.0028658118,0.0000044466087,0.00004157429,0.000004747179,7.8333824e-7,0.000008496113,0.00012898218],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998839,0.000008772923,0.0003323379,0.0001753881,0.00041060988,0.00023388257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995304,0.00008407528,0.00014855765,0.00014923041,0.000007681426,0.00008005891],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005069844,0.00013339802,0.0001825832,0.00013479053,0.00011471407,0.00003345037,0.00024291789,0.000057562636,0.000043825126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006992107,0.00009400002,0.00008335645,0.00014844474,0.00031974632,0.00044878572,0.000057456942,0.00016979717,0.000004218351],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014560854,0.00006272638,0.004092434,0.000007644855,0.000004440898,0.0000018529837,0.00004454974,0.09584341,0.899655,0.00015281656,0.00003466623,0.00008590949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003154896,0.00044039034,0.056790765,0.000034043645,0.000010636374,0.000024810888,0.000032423435,0.0040824506,0.9379169,0.00003311524,0.00020769697,0.00011130566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032978583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013598616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09176096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026640145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012132972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38332093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966423786","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.12.082","title":"Influence of N-phthaloyl chitosan on poly (ether imide) ultrafiltration membranes and its application in biomolecules and toxic heavy metal ion separation and their antifouling properties","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Chitosan; Chemical engineering; Bovine serum albumin; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01208541493083746,"score_gpt":0.23974944242420382,"score_spread":0.22766402749336637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966423786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99819297,0.000164924,0.00031996175,0.00017922038,0.000011862627,0.000502216,0.0000020858122,0.000051462768,0.0005752817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932605,0.00010508594,0.00047538814,0.000050595394,0.000004005709,0.000023232029,0.0000014259742,0.000007838763,0.000006374489],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998677,0.00003528176,0.00025521673,0.00053425337,0.00028814058,0.00021008863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951595,0.000062786086,0.00013803295,0.00021624581,0.00001234805,0.00005466324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006708852,0.0001676829,0.00017924242,0.00010178531,0.00020079107,0.00005835707,0.00019090534,0.00007400329,0.0000031608758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009113635,0.00013065759,0.000009402521,0.00054653076,0.00085801614,0.0005059972,0.00009847181,0.00009308547,0.0000066480106],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028902636,0.00002232957,0.002652983,0.000023360742,0.0000012704996,5.523062e-8,0.000729844,0.010276093,0.9810385,0.0016452915,2.0306489e-7,0.003581175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014693446,0.00008355779,0.03414889,0.000019299327,0.000002769894,0.000004080641,0.0002307206,0.019576771,0.94514185,0.0004882969,0.000011484487,0.00014532344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115753064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000062071966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03589662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021210368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014621744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53280616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968469838","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.03.036","title":"Study on the thin film composite poly(piperazine-amide) nanofiltration membrane: Impacts of physicochemical properties of substrate on interfacial polymerization formation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education; Marathon","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanofiltration; Polysulfone; Interfacial polymerization; Polyetherimide; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Piperazine; Substrate (aquarium); Layer (electronics); Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.022022657607389542,"score_gpt":0.24594732261963947,"score_spread":0.22392466501224995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968469838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960083,0.0000053064846,0.0013158893,0.00039000018,0.00006897843,0.0005788566,0.000005496886,0.00007183216,0.0015553761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972314,0.0000034496543,0.00006674231,0.00008036225,0.000019658604,0.000031498872,0.00003730808,0.0000113215,0.000026530037],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985525,0.00019680077,0.0004319677,0.00019518341,0.0004957243,0.00012779728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919623,0.00007774707,0.0003748583,0.00028575902,0.000043179556,0.000022198337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004147431,0.00015080169,0.00017004625,0.00008938629,0.00010618471,0.00003053017,0.00022108294,0.00007902402,0.000043623815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020746213,0.000105702275,0.000044139295,0.00031733126,0.00015002525,0.00042399557,0.00004043095,0.00010703126,0.0000474745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121042875,0.00027814877,0.0013147563,0.000019128103,0.000008405517,8.06282e-8,0.0021358435,0.0029363716,0.99024993,0.0018031852,0.000034275818,0.001098818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034761982,0.00048113673,0.02367687,0.000046561854,0.000013183041,7.8182336e-7,0.0005596828,0.022395499,0.9522049,0.0001683476,0.000005490546,0.000099944664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008250489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036407804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03804506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007755661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000081616745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4310414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968975624","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.022","title":"Nanofiltration membrane bioreactor for removing pharmaceutical compounds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Biodegradation; Activated sludge; Degradation (telecommunications); Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.038749719410292524,"score_gpt":0.32206362695710816,"score_spread":0.2833139075468156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968975624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844132,0.00011537191,0.003844971,0.0014591964,0.0013927903,0.00032922067,0.0000041992043,0.000067242785,0.008373787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97865325,0.000057351404,0.020604426,0.00026996568,0.0002242198,0.0000052654827,9.461411e-7,0.000012807353,0.00017173764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974076,0.000051587223,0.0006054965,0.00023571045,0.0010923013,0.0006073102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857956,0.00024029627,0.00048614593,0.00027660368,0.00009592942,0.00032145952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035431136,0.00017168923,0.00026785434,0.0002282212,0.00034048597,0.00010251454,0.00089819735,0.00008561888,0.0005251742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000937239,0.00013540278,0.00012263053,0.00085525983,0.0009805057,0.0025787952,0.0001394719,0.00023636718,0.00009475971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055632085,0.00010539158,0.0025113723,0.000016916012,0.0000058961296,0.0000017761706,0.00023266643,0.00015452899,0.991484,0.00074735336,0.000773107,0.0039113658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006300127,0.00014965278,0.003940121,0.000022362423,0.00003083808,0.00027054996,0.00023792271,0.0016997673,0.97328705,0.00015856588,0.01937914,0.00019404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006298145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025843137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018606033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028145645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009570039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5750289},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969093665","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.010","title":"State-of-the-art of membrane bioreactors: Worldwide research and commercial applications in North America","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":586,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; China; Business; Engineering; Political science","score_opus":0.027561321722960573,"score_gpt":0.31049703147270474,"score_spread":0.2829357097497442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969093665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958352,0.00006333584,0.00009588764,0.0018532433,0.00004903006,0.0002699582,0.0000062616928,0.000007473779,0.0018196135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970777,0.00020794716,0.0024749746,0.00004806557,0.000019227795,0.0000058034534,4.0825228e-7,0.0000061527926,0.00015972067],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973209,0.00009442182,0.00069647253,0.00023190214,0.0013276916,0.0003286204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851644,0.0002874023,0.0005352718,0.00041941274,0.00012832184,0.00011314405],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019119707,0.00011085641,0.00028249226,0.00044892493,0.00017713998,0.00002979953,0.0013113634,0.00003588685,0.0001325345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044099696,0.00007760188,0.000053125168,0.0035250369,0.0038490023,0.00065804174,0.00038048846,0.00041967887,0.000020709367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008571047,0.0004637965,0.13306265,0.00004421313,0.000008405529,0.0000029654664,0.0018300348,0.0074552908,0.79931015,0.00015240208,0.0005538966,0.057030484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004849128,0.00022712159,0.2993723,0.000053532378,0.0000081490325,0.000024257062,0.0004167544,0.00047525635,0.6828481,0.0003501226,0.015595751,0.0001437524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011514767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001102354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16630964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015474382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013789092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969423728","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2010.09.085","title":"Flux decline during cross flow membrane filtration of electrolytic solution in presence of charged nano-colloids: A simple electrokinetic model","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Water Research Institute; Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrolyte; Concentration polarization; Colloid; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Polarization (electrochemistry); Nano-; Electrophoresis; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical physics; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Electrode; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.007206017341105399,"score_gpt":0.264615244876193,"score_spread":0.2574092275350876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969423728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966188,0.00005484127,0.002466966,0.00015784633,0.00008711845,0.00019646293,0.0000029357475,0.0000095171645,0.00040550347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966918,0.00006779857,0.0030121454,0.000010879428,0.000010802635,0.0000037280668,2.6521124e-7,0.0000056585372,0.00019689037],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980712,0.000029396258,0.000701243,0.00023025375,0.00064081035,0.00032711498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989817,0.000060106653,0.0005509772,0.00021003427,0.00011683436,0.000080360966],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013076821,0.00012439523,0.00028014058,0.00025436917,0.00010945573,0.000045835055,0.0006018412,0.00007914475,0.00014273838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007618322,0.00010584579,0.000049303933,0.0007745735,0.00085932703,0.0009978196,0.00016563194,0.00031043304,0.000002835312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001348264,0.0000659313,0.0020978155,0.000021522677,0.000002607554,2.4522004e-7,0.00026378842,0.044846166,0.95224845,0.000059487265,0.000017387234,0.00024178575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047729982,0.00028386962,0.008279443,0.00002645718,0.000004833965,0.000032238677,0.000037919443,0.22393727,0.7663816,0.0004549781,0.000009387775,0.000074669384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039607123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021983858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18586682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010030905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015085319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43162662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969843749","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.09.034","title":"Development and characterization of novel hydrophilic surface modifying macromolecule for polymeric membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Fouling; PEG ratio; Contact angle; Ethylene oxide; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.021744952359866038,"score_gpt":0.2542599050715617,"score_spread":0.23251495271169567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969843749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887877,0.000048913535,0.010225305,0.00042941273,0.0001274739,0.00019124297,0.0000031925135,0.000017202039,0.00016954387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95533466,0.000061027382,0.044478018,0.00005914103,0.000012713101,0.0000023734488,8.9113394e-7,0.000008849653,0.00004233761],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983153,0.000009883435,0.0005378146,0.00023686116,0.00064434815,0.00025582593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906427,0.000034503577,0.00056853454,0.00016637625,0.00006296489,0.00010334857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090550224,0.00013144976,0.00024311598,0.000153623,0.00020707476,0.000043806504,0.0004976773,0.000049984737,0.00003135393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014929453,0.00011044834,0.00004485122,0.0006981988,0.0006472332,0.0007637697,0.00013248109,0.000093984105,0.0000038818557],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026306196,0.000073451345,0.00010625214,0.000040467636,0.000004890391,0.000001865906,0.000599421,0.006725713,0.9898213,0.00016616116,5.842304e-7,0.0024335491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008333268,0.000106761596,0.002585208,0.000047069847,0.000009573403,0.00011291536,0.00011924842,0.0015010224,0.9941915,0.000078982084,0.00028917022,0.000125205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012691386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035222201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03425271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012631487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015323266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45039526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970541525","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n10p47","title":"Preparation of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Tubur Membranes with Superior Properties","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimethylacetamide; Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Coagulation; Solvent; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012164020278506537,"score_gpt":0.2352862251802525,"score_spread":0.22312220490174595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970541525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758124,0.0000068201007,0.006742929,0.00013237953,0.000050345,0.00044390812,0.0000014567703,0.00015031447,0.0166595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945762,0.0000031848806,0.0050718193,0.000040279498,0.000010974943,0.000068204565,0.0000015015883,0.000010034874,0.00021775917],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983483,0.000009370362,0.0002229199,0.00046154356,0.0006965356,0.0002613273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928105,0.000016686163,0.000112890404,0.00049982115,0.000028095508,0.000061460225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043898256,0.00014043407,0.00014187169,0.00008008038,0.00024455716,0.0000683671,0.00055162,0.0000706922,0.00029204896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005417179,0.00010165289,0.000017560136,0.0005775901,0.0021055501,0.00060495205,0.00008694678,0.00015051362,0.00008551517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000625975,0.000039766604,0.00064747786,0.000008758607,0.0000016123589,2.1722815e-7,0.0015157525,0.002085665,0.9920585,0.00068380183,0.000008463591,0.0028873882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018333993,0.00007830081,0.0027794202,0.000003957726,0.0000049987643,0.0000071321383,0.00020043572,0.02352423,0.97238046,0.00057705084,0.00011147743,0.0001492126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007808843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002584776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021438565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003723192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006815789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77579874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971137497","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2008.06.072","title":"Fouling characterization of electrodialysis membranes used for the recovery and concentration of ammonia from swine manure","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Electrodialysis; Conductivity; Manure; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011030690653981184,"score_gpt":0.21153668322775307,"score_spread":0.20050599257377189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971137497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99364686,0.00016913118,0.004500293,0.0011309488,0.000025956126,0.00036357637,0.000026349771,0.0001112605,0.000025643534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976206,0.00036649636,0.0018415875,0.000026436495,0.000014741841,0.00003701673,0.000033459477,0.000009102464,0.00005057468],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921733,0.00001910832,0.00027900763,0.00021968943,0.00012448357,0.00014035111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927586,0.00012533789,0.0002714306,0.00029816473,0.00001682829,0.000012349785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010227021,0.00010050179,0.00020945657,0.000078256475,0.00010449405,0.0000044094054,0.00023330752,0.00019781775,0.00006460049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013833595,0.000078156016,0.000041095096,0.00036438668,0.0005968288,0.000074568,0.00007475178,0.00007433671,0.0000037435545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042449403,0.00002004381,0.025700884,0.000008305044,0.000022483138,3.3939003e-7,0.00016253987,0.00009716287,0.96803856,0.00012209837,0.000022997683,0.00576212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035696922,0.00012900699,0.02855836,0.0000068750255,0.000038800725,0.00000408058,0.00010834739,0.0017557562,0.9662946,0.00045679265,0.002205922,0.00008451941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009627557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004584912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0056776004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023851875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008830967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31871098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971202652","doi":"10.1039/c3tb21681k","title":"Control of biofouling on reverse osmosis polyamide membranes modified with biocidal nanoparticles and antifouling polymer brushes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":201,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Materials science; Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Chemical engineering; Silver nanoparticle; Adhesion; Polyamide; Polymer; Surface modification; Polymer chemistry; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.008209078956083029,"score_gpt":0.20550985638854896,"score_spread":0.19730077743246593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971202652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989845,0.000060371185,0.00010583296,0.00045772517,0.000051244384,0.000051900108,0.000007976585,0.00001859922,0.00026183776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991949,0.000040609182,0.00057684124,0.000072509974,0.000052290197,0.000001353198,6.371953e-7,0.000010837568,0.00005002229],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894506,0.000045094446,0.00044144585,0.00014525458,0.00026760306,0.0001555493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991308,0.00009103874,0.0005337278,0.00016333826,0.000019665289,0.00006145989],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044950694,0.00013481025,0.00032726908,0.000026129035,0.000056260982,0.00003913574,0.00017629848,0.00008599548,0.00028638236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014758956,0.000096900236,0.00003470702,0.00007323501,0.0002445216,0.00014463352,0.00004112047,0.00007381303,0.000005691786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032458626,0.000033593824,0.0009984158,0.00007254569,0.000023919223,0.000004689725,0.000045898298,0.0006581756,0.99750483,0.000014550919,0.000032848504,0.0002859598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008608986,0.00011534697,0.0007234918,0.00009447986,0.00003808232,0.00005535654,0.00009830666,0.000084536914,0.9976878,0.00006357754,0.000068085195,0.00011003006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004302632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010233807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005736387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022236185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009466138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3951477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971360386","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2014.03.007","title":"Optimization of coagulant dose for biopolymer removal: Impact on ultrafiltration fouling and retention of organic micropollutants","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biopolymer; Coagulation; Alum; Chromatography; Organic matter; Water treatment; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Permeation; Environmental chemistry; Polymer; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009167985556210652,"score_gpt":0.23470767827784314,"score_spread":0.2255396927216325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971360386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8596435,0.000023763769,0.14013904,0.000036761314,0.00004413801,0.00008595149,0.0000017423539,0.000011074584,0.000013976695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99173117,0.000028196066,0.008196505,0.0000031824238,0.000018266835,0.0000010669022,0.0000019569325,0.000011048853,0.000008592866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932307,0.000008849729,0.0003425813,0.00007804163,0.00015031225,0.000097152675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961686,0.000023679413,0.00023064275,0.00006733703,0.000035634403,0.00002585904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029653806,0.000081671125,0.00016474239,0.000102798265,0.000020527874,0.000010522676,0.00008483725,0.000051761603,0.000030401148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009460428,0.000054260185,0.000040489856,0.00008921707,0.00002927817,0.0002602481,0.000011320815,0.000056536705,4.6672233e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039082002,0.000010627531,0.00018181348,0.000057315814,0.000008526,2.325343e-7,0.00013936426,0.36878756,0.6302652,0.00000388862,0.0000017342859,0.0005047227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032482628,0.00026739913,0.0005274143,0.000069272326,0.000017182094,0.000038495564,0.00003382228,0.12668343,0.8719167,0.000059504848,0.0000053603017,0.00005657071],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025680652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.2813758e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24210413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003330799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049341006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22126661},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971639451","doi":"10.1002/app.31108","title":"The art of surface modification of synthetic polymeric membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":286,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Surface modification; Materials science; Polymer; Grafting; Polymeric membrane; Synthetic membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.010519366380563583,"score_gpt":0.24442630570204105,"score_spread":0.23390693932147746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971639451","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9780773,0.00063589937,0.0002928341,0.0015393819,0.0001057822,0.00010789846,0.0000010641601,0.000013861378,0.019226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99889266,0.00014612051,0.00071844633,0.00005160871,0.000008536736,6.949544e-7,9.744501e-8,0.0000034481889,0.0001783762],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981772,0.000018649644,0.00055756903,0.00015683273,0.0008776508,0.00021215205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857575,0.000107517284,0.00081826875,0.0003960555,0.00003821536,0.00006420182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009767333,0.000097647084,0.00019699919,0.00008990802,0.00016209422,0.000026674164,0.0010970639,0.00003898398,0.00007630277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043330077,0.00006309533,0.00006048316,0.0009969431,0.0015378592,0.00027023203,0.00006971316,0.000116857314,0.00002846996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004129152,0.000048029506,0.000097241595,0.0000028645882,0.0000030864865,3.2532162e-7,0.0002184959,0.001091443,0.9762522,0.0036010197,0.00015353286,0.018490495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011482928,0.00010757335,0.0024368844,0.000008628964,0.0000103155535,0.000015010174,0.00026513202,0.00042375916,0.99471533,0.0015525407,0.000284085,0.00006587952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008666646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011721573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020815391,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004383385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068817826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5666306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972968559","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.04.009","title":"Rational design of phase inversion membranes by tailoring thermodynamics and kinetics of casting solution using polymer additives","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":319,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Casting; Polymer; Polyethylene glycol; Kinetics; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.02955810156377163,"score_gpt":0.2654606050457575,"score_spread":0.23590250348198588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972968559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97173697,0.00016172131,0.02754887,0.00012259856,0.00008776855,0.00014311797,0.000005586057,0.000007639472,0.00018572672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98632634,0.00009783213,0.0135138435,0.0000165923,0.000014355795,9.977097e-7,6.3808596e-7,0.0000061144747,0.000023301955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831,0.000063303814,0.00052355113,0.000171843,0.00073430315,0.00019698234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872017,0.00016207472,0.00078503997,0.00012806109,0.00012153048,0.00008310687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007272857,0.00011408404,0.00021629276,0.00019129977,0.00011381646,0.00003216334,0.0003551851,0.00005402766,0.00031828304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036835906,0.0000947098,0.000037318077,0.0005205557,0.0012843148,0.0012893183,0.00013870306,0.000120931836,0.0000025362551],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025718933,0.00007202815,0.00022138614,0.000020984107,0.000005150267,9.1507263e-7,0.0002724285,0.010238529,0.9857306,0.000028738934,0.00003322825,0.003350312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043434295,0.0002004752,0.0003670624,0.000053737385,0.000014685758,0.0000462366,0.00040722484,0.17596237,0.8223186,0.00010853031,0.0000059529375,0.00008077249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007445686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015590094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16572385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000088810375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005386461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47321114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974080890","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00381-1","title":"A study of mass transfer in the membrane air-stripping process using microporous polyproplylene hollow fibers","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Membrane; Microporous material; Mass transfer coefficient; Diffusion; Stripping (fiber); Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021682112913352033,"score_gpt":0.2804179077653239,"score_spread":0.25873579485197185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974080890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971763,0.000053038613,0.00008296718,0.00034617638,0.00010204475,0.00048255658,0.000002167452,0.000017673538,0.0017370661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998742,0.000056233806,0.0009684364,0.00013286552,0.000022723327,0.000004498721,1.4159913e-7,0.000011786469,0.00006135127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962929,0.00016227503,0.0009261243,0.00036973017,0.0017891504,0.00045983208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900854,0.00008863066,0.00030055444,0.0004464301,0.0000614795,0.000094370254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029502844,0.00021464088,0.0004068171,0.00034289793,0.0002539962,0.0000627525,0.0019099609,0.000073860145,0.00060925656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014064324,0.00014429302,0.00009519978,0.002770855,0.0009769581,0.0011091245,0.000048080856,0.00042696935,0.000027968643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014462364,0.0005451177,0.005064674,0.000031740878,0.0000123779955,0.00017279171,0.009020237,0.084905155,0.89662385,0.0000061454543,0.0000096448775,0.0034636229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032443714,0.0013273737,0.0139523195,0.00015691125,0.0000915951,0.0014858099,0.027617257,0.0029346303,0.94836855,0.00020144103,0.00014681318,0.00047292942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017841943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000091404254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08197052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001636931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016171919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66709316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974548318","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.276","title":"Improving the performance of membrane bioreactors by powdered activated carbon dosing with cost considerations","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Dosing; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Membrane; Bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chromatography; Activated carbon; Membrane reactor; Fouling; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Adsorption; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.006892967314688623,"score_gpt":0.20874167694021709,"score_spread":0.20184870962552845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974548318","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961675,0.0000037199466,0.000058500325,0.002034888,0.00010850809,0.00037978718,0.0000024766211,0.00028970043,0.0009549508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986569,0.000003589992,0.0011649206,0.000055720287,0.0000041372273,0.000043414617,0.0000018852617,0.000010412342,0.000059019385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99845386,0.00001431156,0.00024183578,0.0004426109,0.00036884923,0.00047852885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899095,0.000034725497,0.00014127383,0.0007459004,0.000043422002,0.00004371226],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043117985,0.00016233751,0.0001614236,0.00027775203,0.00049735204,0.00005968446,0.0008062369,0.00016308119,0.00017508243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014334239,0.00008770816,0.000016111486,0.0012714067,0.0057635796,0.0004503018,0.00037889447,0.00042527867,0.000022413731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005905519,0.000021657832,0.008741362,0.000002672731,0.0000021141223,9.1594535e-7,0.00020784287,0.000100394485,0.9894399,0.00015560108,0.000014216102,0.0013074126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017107477,0.000116485055,0.00051815883,0.0000049229448,0.000006759007,0.00004788562,0.0002249482,0.0023080518,0.9960351,0.000105262254,0.00032163953,0.00013968594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033306293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019188484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008223203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006913954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050991068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99694216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975211603","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.06.050","title":"The elastic and moisture transfer properties of polyethylene and polypropylene membranes for use in liquid-to-air energy exchangers","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Composite material; Moisture; Permeation; Humidity; Relative humidity; Polypropylene; Elastic modulus; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01869046999123412,"score_gpt":0.2383270545455712,"score_spread":0.2196365845543371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975211603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948296,0.0011207793,0.0023311581,0.0012744687,0.00013455015,0.00022372544,0.0000021082244,0.000010819503,0.00007280747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99708956,0.00081766036,0.00175347,0.00018231035,0.000024625651,0.000006208983,7.196044e-8,0.00000956619,0.00011649449],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816597,0.000037600537,0.00054025475,0.000259502,0.0006138635,0.00038283385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991265,0.0002815768,0.00015979724,0.00020105395,0.000071761395,0.00015930571],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023780062,0.00015206075,0.00026177664,0.00029050998,0.00023077702,0.00005612534,0.0005099746,0.00007264101,0.000008496609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061027706,0.00009241787,0.000045217683,0.00073240465,0.0014786342,0.00067814364,0.00011893504,0.00013922302,5.8146634e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00060058583,0.00003197939,0.00052501087,0.00004594992,0.000005621364,0.000004627651,0.00081329915,0.0005296506,0.99052995,0.00022719274,0.000012151598,0.0066739675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052486866,0.0005767787,0.0070798188,0.00008256394,0.000014171464,0.00007628671,0.0007169616,0.00032247693,0.9890305,0.00009973983,0.0013428406,0.00013303345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019170083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094510795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006554808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006539938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005701925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5448089},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976163699","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.020","title":"Treatment of basal water using a hybrid electrodialysis reversal–reverse osmosis system combined with a low-temperature crystallizer for near-zero liquid discharge","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Canadian Natural Resources","funders":"","keywords":"Brine; Desalination; Electrodialysis; Reverse osmosis; Aquifer; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Turbidity; Waste management; Environmental science; Groundwater; Membrane; Geology; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.01534129596512605,"score_gpt":0.2364271595241365,"score_spread":0.22108586355901047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976163699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942812,0.0000139130025,0.00427115,0.00029201742,0.00006342289,0.00083343923,0.00003465221,0.000113532034,0.00009672649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924891,0.0000043902596,0.006886841,0.000028329636,0.000014663027,0.00012882538,0.00016720277,0.000024744362,0.0002558865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987586,0.00006361524,0.0002771782,0.00032041338,0.0003278387,0.00025232384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993861,0.00002607275,0.00014771326,0.00029427503,0.0000752804,0.00007058751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021716573,0.0001913451,0.00028055356,0.00006980156,0.000121445984,0.000045796132,0.00012652957,0.00009296394,0.000048385275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036302325,0.00012788214,0.00008085457,0.00022470515,0.00010693273,0.00031653943,0.000034680983,0.000045034612,0.000026263242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0024710386,0.0004532789,0.0011764767,0.00012884136,0.00014749067,0.000011500145,0.0018001796,0.013336254,0.9786681,0.00042107896,0.0011887682,0.00019698337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024129038,0.0020806754,0.00007848713,0.000030869924,0.00014541052,0.000010939964,0.00022283496,0.024803778,0.96888644,0.000087669854,0.0010103873,0.00022962484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014257869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003892771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011467524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006631169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003472807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52148825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976192198","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.050","title":"Pharmaceutical and personal care products removal from drinking water by modified cellulose acetate membrane: Field testing","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products; Chemistry; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Purified water; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014232569138139535,"score_gpt":0.2137452913197404,"score_spread":0.19951272218160088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976192198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965007,0.00025950948,0.00171847,0.0007380994,0.00010068544,0.00011227733,0.0000013326407,0.00013515682,0.00043378514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803951,0.000014738525,0.01923153,0.0000990036,0.000119610464,0.00000821371,0.0000061364794,0.000020234083,0.000105472245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988452,0.000011614466,0.00022459782,0.00028294759,0.00026428295,0.00037133024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995838,0.00009414231,0.000038318776,0.00009579203,0.000021874564,0.00016606708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093308525,0.00017886465,0.00015610714,0.000027118951,0.00008104785,0.00012095591,0.00020990754,0.000116369156,0.000792334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028051983,0.00013899454,0.000031683452,0.00008871317,0.000073539406,0.00026232065,0.00019104632,0.0005906689,0.00008452462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056770764,0.000009472856,0.00027923626,0.000019125562,0.00001030399,0.00001821777,0.00044697576,0.00087705866,0.99188066,0.0000015396441,0.0008322856,0.0056194724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000307657,0.000015356869,0.000100031204,0.000025160853,0.000013057996,0.00017102697,0.000053201267,0.04960995,0.948428,0.00004193043,0.001040956,0.00019369127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003292356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.436099e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048732895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008961341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054242355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86755013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976288832","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.01.053","title":"Reversible and irreversible membrane fouling during in-line microfiltration of concentrated protein solutions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Bovine serum albumin; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0260580299843637,"score_gpt":0.2429738565824674,"score_spread":0.21691582659810368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976288832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979129,0.00013967657,0.00024817485,0.00046694843,0.00009828303,0.00022756988,0.0000018111725,0.000017893903,0.00088675926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99417555,0.00036160665,0.0052073263,0.000019872508,0.000015454147,0.0000018450484,3.9193495e-7,0.000005640407,0.00021228076],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980814,0.000051774656,0.000620972,0.00024562172,0.00066099735,0.00033924257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990577,0.000046393638,0.0005019724,0.00019655033,0.00008804331,0.00010930507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011984719,0.00012416994,0.00026929824,0.00032582166,0.00030568187,0.000021834043,0.00046127712,0.00006922867,0.00019137046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041913806,0.000112663234,0.0000473988,0.0015132528,0.0013656823,0.0013285214,0.00014821094,0.00025080386,0.000011273653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000508128,0.000057833382,0.004367755,0.000029914405,0.0000034089933,0.000026549033,0.00035878763,0.00579404,0.9890998,0.00007285275,0.000021640793,0.00011658663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090039376,0.00012768795,0.013916713,0.00009914135,0.000007740592,0.00033668813,0.00031178896,0.001552893,0.98248243,0.000095196665,0.000051125367,0.00011818477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000764945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026519961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009548958,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001844269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016831308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50319135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976683347","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.05.012","title":"Porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite membranes: Estimation of the hydrophobic-layer thickness","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Phase inversion; Materials science; Polymer; Composite number; Porosity; Casting; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Layer (electronics); Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.01140785790544247,"score_gpt":0.25133838212926957,"score_spread":0.2399305242238271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976683347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917017,0.00014786403,0.00022871577,0.002616248,0.0004874996,0.00026607717,0.0000027784738,0.000043192475,0.004505925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953768,0.00009514332,0.0037773284,0.00034200007,0.00007168214,0.000003295636,3.5595107e-7,0.000017376626,0.00031599595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99584275,0.00012700807,0.001066217,0.0003794285,0.0021275494,0.0004570428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99748755,0.00017687601,0.0012460739,0.00080188387,0.00012252564,0.00016508595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021202143,0.000259442,0.00043757333,0.00028034564,0.00043857007,0.00008397826,0.0024822217,0.00012538745,0.0006285506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046574092,0.00017047471,0.0001929587,0.0020133145,0.002269743,0.0015694058,0.00045614433,0.0004874693,0.00016295293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003130995,0.00009935966,0.00047449805,0.000021333972,0.0000068899926,0.000006962425,0.0003855836,0.21285208,0.7831664,0.000071556795,0.000115492316,0.0027685324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059446244,0.00013519595,0.0050823097,0.00008189471,0.000040246363,0.00063749397,0.00011138909,0.034124155,0.95740604,0.00049658964,0.001069953,0.00022026153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059737387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021560225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17872791,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033860738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018590399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8362963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976830770","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21974","title":"Effect of pH on fouling attachments and power consumption in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Volumetric flow rate; Particle (ecology); Ionic strength; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Aqueous solution; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006489208357041564,"score_gpt":0.21532647208343772,"score_spread":0.20883726372639616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976830770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994302,0.000021277945,0.00028272407,0.000075902935,0.000034450968,0.000046681984,5.304681e-7,0.0000028732861,0.00010537137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998523,0.0000019153365,0.0001268301,0.0000067948895,0.0000064333676,5.9241427e-7,3.66911e-7,0.0000030715921,0.0000016867825],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995831,0.000019495707,0.00017626217,0.00004188467,0.0000970258,0.00008221016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970025,0.000103630904,0.000086555636,0.00005711847,0.0000045960783,0.000047867732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004181246,0.00004787322,0.00009964001,0.000057716,0.0000117862255,0.000004634463,0.00008015481,0.00004372057,0.00002802623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023488428,0.000036116737,0.000018168208,0.000061893814,0.000066757384,0.00006060849,0.000005777673,0.00011713933,0.0000017069978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016516587,0.0000036149813,0.009362758,0.000022184126,0.0000044229832,6.237473e-7,0.00011965334,0.034941275,0.9539631,0.00008301579,0.000015945494,0.0014669102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026831692,0.00015211254,0.006401586,0.000074131625,0.0000062360537,0.000008630125,0.0000022315605,0.011371586,0.98160607,0.00003989572,0.000028760574,0.000040431845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002406082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008565713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027643004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087173335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066769635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14727977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977021507","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.08.007","title":"Impact of support media in an integrated biofilter–submerged membrane system","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilter; Chemistry; Formic acid; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Formaldehyde; Pulp and paper industry; Permeation; Humic acid; Acetic acid; Chromatography; Backwashing; Water quality; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06734089460329816,"score_gpt":0.36391582917467846,"score_spread":0.2965749345713803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977021507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958148,0.0000056374115,0.000010068123,0.00018140498,0.000026682068,0.00030251956,0.000012889986,0.00009736988,0.00354861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990191,0.00000855502,0.00037516872,0.0000046145433,0.000019085079,0.000039941428,0.000048665155,0.000015567251,0.0004692891],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976971,0.00029498336,0.00036218372,0.00033497918,0.00070648326,0.00060423417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992628,0.000020280431,0.000031180025,0.0005282805,0.00003863614,0.00011881767],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017816103,0.00012569678,0.00021128052,0.00035054184,0.000055558477,0.000032485477,0.0006225253,0.00012809521,0.006578811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000849135,0.000077905584,0.000050208666,0.00063184655,0.00036444166,0.00038802525,0.0002695983,0.0003433113,0.001965128],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089337256,0.00013905032,0.044831514,0.000021892773,0.00000733851,0.000020619309,0.0018376892,0.001020136,0.9454236,0.000029322686,0.0007547261,0.005824778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004386335,0.00030056818,0.034052618,0.00001821821,0.0000017209753,0.000009253794,0.00070039876,0.0027851549,0.9606343,0.000032148975,0.0008893678,0.0001375978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019123785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018128543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015210724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000519552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029404993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99881196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977710956","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n10p21","title":"Impact of Coagulation Agents on the Performance of Flotation Unit for the Treatment of Industrial Waste Water","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Alum; Bentonite; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.06016236008166653,"score_gpt":0.29069658938101645,"score_spread":0.2305342292993499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977710956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99803036,6.9283766e-7,0.00071557495,0.00006526369,0.000054100656,0.00064272375,0.0000060826414,0.000008688934,0.0004765058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997675,0.000003856814,0.0001208618,0.0000051136153,0.0000092762275,0.00004827768,0.0000022189772,0.0000034344112,0.000039472186],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991735,0.000006617594,0.00018333353,0.0001492487,0.00035030046,0.00013699853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993942,0.00008394673,0.00013753478,0.00034880106,0.000019559668,0.00001600324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004077701,0.00007461093,0.00009094891,0.00004118693,0.0001584074,0.000009873217,0.00037022648,0.00004164843,0.000111165486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021679547,0.000032468917,0.000037502585,0.00021706228,0.00077111204,0.00009385108,0.000041170686,0.00004984239,0.000008457073],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006310396,0.00006088525,0.0047220667,0.0000013988589,0.000003883203,5.910385e-9,0.0009168105,0.042381417,0.93704754,0.00020766472,0.00000963641,0.014585578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002367462,0.0002741463,0.016204782,0.0000016236321,0.0000057537222,1.0362599e-7,0.00005283565,0.22697276,0.75592715,0.00027567684,0.000018046936,0.000030393567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005611808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016978718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18459134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047578917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002220324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28411946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978481460","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.10.039","title":"Novel modified PVDF ultrafiltration flat-sheet membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Permeation; PEG ratio; Polyethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.041081194270629395,"score_gpt":0.25514306172630363,"score_spread":0.21406186745567424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978481460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9358858,0.00004212021,0.006047227,0.00038798817,0.000674106,0.00019893958,0.000002649373,0.00008739682,0.056673758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98330915,0.00007854138,0.01598587,0.00018104646,0.00005891853,0.0000033912597,4.3845515e-7,0.000012631248,0.0003700094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99702525,0.00004047823,0.00073490734,0.00036710425,0.00138255,0.00044968992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848676,0.00007379902,0.0006355398,0.00045971814,0.000115986186,0.00022821534],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021300924,0.00020929359,0.00029891447,0.00031466078,0.00029885542,0.00008875814,0.0015619375,0.000105868035,0.0018137237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006491832,0.00016455559,0.000117605014,0.0012948969,0.0013926863,0.0022777491,0.00015434778,0.00032171267,0.00021775167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056179706,0.00009836687,0.0005409001,0.000011018417,0.0000069402054,0.0000139069825,0.0008619172,0.0027555483,0.9923127,0.0009330203,0.00018691829,0.00222255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061172387,0.00024642117,0.009912432,0.000024929657,0.000022583135,0.00045735337,0.000338079,0.002318038,0.9842218,0.0009689455,0.0006319487,0.00024571223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000842814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027843458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056303747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015625836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013268011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978623831","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.026","title":"Flux characteristics at oscillating membrane equipped with turbulent promoters","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Flux (metallurgy); Mechanics; Physics; Amplitude; Classical mechanics; Chemistry; Optics","score_opus":0.00908309704565851,"score_gpt":0.20035022878573572,"score_spread":0.1912671317400772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978623831","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943818,0.000028882807,0.0043555154,0.00021906232,0.00012907134,0.00008087619,9.690998e-7,0.00015538074,0.0006484699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817217,0.0000060256566,0.017752716,0.00004401905,0.00015852312,0.000005411665,0.0000048356787,0.000024929745,0.00028186254],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884194,0.000007439715,0.0002368967,0.00013853823,0.00032283302,0.00045232908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947345,0.00003334733,0.00010261547,0.00016165362,0.000008040604,0.00022087336],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020060399,0.00016505636,0.00016071058,0.00003311773,0.000082825754,0.000037535894,0.00019899754,0.00008572838,0.0011654578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013723756,0.00012874555,0.000041735613,0.00013645543,0.00007010338,0.00024281551,0.00013984452,0.00033635707,0.0001871154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014010143,0.000024597066,0.0030446847,0.000017176917,0.000012953764,0.000011630026,0.00016844647,0.0026424164,0.9927447,0.000011606778,0.00038701424,0.00092076586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038292192,0.0000454881,0.0033915997,0.0000593156,0.000020270889,0.0013054134,0.000018593832,0.010766896,0.97845185,0.000005721144,0.0052145096,0.000337406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.0971915e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.2699598e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014292834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032395218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051253865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979217068","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2013.808675","title":"The effect of solids retention time on dissolved methane concentration in anaerobic membrane bioreactors","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Methane; Chemistry; Permeation; Bioreactor; Biomass (ecology); Dissolved organic carbon; Anaerobic oxidation of methane; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004455826518912206,"score_gpt":0.20663420985637976,"score_spread":0.20217838333746754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979217068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99694455,0.000052581196,0.000014077528,0.0008009737,0.00006827798,0.00087832985,0.000004222231,0.00014770612,0.0010892751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908173,0.00011196646,0.00015769042,0.000020790858,0.0000053953922,0.00016687126,0.000023613451,0.000017332768,0.00041462574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984658,0.00012904694,0.00039025513,0.0003762204,0.0002821774,0.00035653004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990582,0.0001671919,0.00020114597,0.0005364028,0.0000012143513,0.000035865367],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031567152,0.00021486194,0.0002570332,0.000108989196,0.00009312157,0.00001329532,0.00043999136,0.0002769074,0.0016554522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011013136,0.00015135862,0.00006312532,0.00037506758,0.0010414957,0.000194172,0.00019599231,0.0002706611,0.0017434687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034873952,0.000046742614,0.02957042,0.0000030889103,0.000009728021,0.0000017137784,0.000022415139,0.00011911785,0.9549714,0.0001166719,0.00014126953,0.014962588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000589023,0.00078535604,0.04296871,0.000010781277,0.000009565758,0.0000040955406,0.000083318526,0.0005076475,0.95399684,0.0005187225,0.00037849005,0.00014747621],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006835113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001599869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014815112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026407224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002412619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99925715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979383180","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.007","title":"Treatment of produced water streams in SAGD processes using tubular ceramic membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Total dissolved solids; Membrane; Fouling; Produced water; Suspended solids; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Permeation; Water treatment; Waste management; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.019675625044292985,"score_gpt":0.2582563495294812,"score_spread":0.2385807244851882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979383180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99856806,0.000021672973,0.00030098224,0.0001654037,0.000031705644,0.00026539684,0.0000010481848,0.00005829314,0.0005874174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99899894,0.000024554203,0.00081329787,0.0000071104027,0.000010944913,0.000021811902,0.00001900564,0.000008295386,0.00009601124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925774,0.000042848547,0.00019703188,0.00020806893,0.0001626928,0.00013158991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970806,0.000022731461,0.00006306574,0.00017632301,0.00001584958,0.000013972617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012492582,0.00009262949,0.00012287174,0.00007741012,0.000033974055,0.000011653162,0.0000877023,0.00005921671,0.00010674472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008437017,0.000066725544,0.000016271793,0.0002036663,0.0000657602,0.00019649572,0.000023002862,0.000023169923,0.000040471758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018627608,0.0002336702,0.040422913,0.00008689432,0.000005367818,0.0000012866332,0.0011715915,0.014701077,0.9219154,0.00011796595,0.0000035946562,0.021321578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032774432,0.00011895567,0.0045934706,0.000009257956,0.0000071650816,0.0000023950633,0.00005532827,0.012679867,0.9810367,0.00073251507,0.00035245004,0.00008410578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043010904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024376472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05912131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016668068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008201409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27209887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979655369","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.63","title":"Preparation and Properties of Poly(ether imide) Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified with Polyether Diamine","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced materials research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Prince Edward Island","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Diamine; Contact angle; Materials science; Imide; Ether; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Absorption of water; Aqueous solution; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.036457683086249894,"score_gpt":0.31668791420705406,"score_spread":0.28023023112080414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979655369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99523485,0.00008410667,0.0007597729,0.00025151408,0.000028189606,0.0005399169,0.0000042717475,0.000070097645,0.0030273118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960848,0.00008879213,0.0027289395,0.000017461534,0.000017493663,0.00011298522,0.0000065865484,0.0000188052,0.0009241275],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847066,0.00023910981,0.00024746,0.0003102987,0.00047093938,0.00026153712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993968,0.00007846437,0.00009144437,0.0003455786,0.00004426017,0.0000434368],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008556356,0.000118468364,0.00018977495,0.000078661134,0.00011291684,0.000047034595,0.00017427898,0.0000773784,0.00041736383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002502233,0.000083619234,0.000009385504,0.0002094488,0.0005511867,0.0004142071,0.00009216129,0.000082181155,0.00005201043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039726187,0.000031296087,0.00014548439,0.00004917532,0.00000512064,2.8226697e-7,0.0003198519,0.0006454396,0.99402833,0.00082565774,0.000014965885,0.0035371287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038772364,0.0003429863,0.0013169234,0.000033492706,0.0000031774987,0.0000032271055,0.000114828705,0.00027526674,0.99638313,0.0006964171,0.0003369846,0.0001058362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002752625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011520246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034312925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003657614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011090533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45698413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979717272","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2009.08.001","title":"A mass transport and hydrodynamic evaluation of membrane separation cell","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Permeance; Mass transfer; Permeation; Separation (statistics); Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01287894559051553,"score_gpt":0.25823301019039024,"score_spread":0.24535406459987472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979717272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896347,0.0002846811,0.008469583,0.00018945233,0.000014664615,0.00018118402,0.0000011212487,0.00012922878,0.0010953858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99744195,0.000027163596,0.0024277612,0.000021443097,0.000009151525,0.000021431311,0.000022119255,0.000008834636,0.00002016058],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903107,0.000008184341,0.00025291572,0.00028847248,0.0002950597,0.00012427804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996242,0.000015565809,0.000112096095,0.00011789314,0.000086482,0.00004377753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032244032,0.00012905624,0.0001452409,0.000054027205,0.000041121144,0.000017903289,0.00008492358,0.0001100929,0.000016397047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001341301,0.00012550974,0.000014811605,0.00023774964,0.00008652776,0.00026436316,0.000007664756,0.000114525756,0.0000021468845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013772175,0.000023591812,0.0001625889,0.00015006923,0.0000018538897,1.3499883e-7,0.00042342854,0.013663178,0.96310455,0.000033866574,0.00000419457,0.02241875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018734772,0.000021309796,0.0012154119,0.000039764975,0.000031493717,0.0000052004757,0.00007227864,0.5128526,0.48469293,0.00076030364,0.000011209031,0.000110133355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003151027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3875728e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49918944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044567736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000151929125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5118139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979789935","doi":"10.1006/fstl.2000.0743","title":"Pilot Scale Recovery of Proteins from a Pea Whey Discharge by Ultrafiltration","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"LWT","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Parrheim Foods (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pea protein; Chromatography; Chemistry; Whey protein; Wet-milling; Whey protein isolate; Casein; Effluent; Total dissolved solids; Albumin; Membrane; Food science; Biochemistry; Microfiltration; Waste management","score_opus":0.012677637953620612,"score_gpt":0.21939059303481376,"score_spread":0.20671295508119314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979789935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786088,0.000026687429,0.0024591598,0.0004933633,0.000060395676,0.00027202113,0.000039074417,0.0001055626,0.01793495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952492,0.00006011871,0.0018989441,0.00008349335,0.000017293267,0.00003354704,0.000042896056,0.0000073112,0.002607199],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992781,0.000025381156,0.0001700821,0.00020116103,0.00019586374,0.00012938805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996099,0.000020335292,0.00008377701,0.00025260088,0.0000036655256,0.000029742976],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046430716,0.000079314654,0.00009703184,0.000017374525,0.000046758094,0.000015129474,0.0001802156,0.000039899354,0.0020660702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049329064,0.00007135627,0.000025923682,0.00014177206,0.00009670548,0.00027960865,0.000041803076,0.000068718524,0.000697673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025115314,0.00009746429,0.015955398,0.000002381804,0.0000031792067,4.867709e-7,0.0000942433,0.000053021093,0.97049206,0.00002675145,0.010287439,0.0029624307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002552659,0.00023403997,0.021578943,0.000012381804,0.000005575887,0.0000017959268,0.00008348275,0.00019563515,0.96421796,0.0018251527,0.011454977,0.00013479246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011997467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006588825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016640412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037658647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016958687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980021728","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.051","title":"Aluminum electrocoagulation pretreatment reduces fouling during surface water microfiltration","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Electrocoagulation; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Flocculation; Colloid; Membrane; Chromatography; Materials science","score_opus":0.02018148642160373,"score_gpt":0.23792592916133504,"score_spread":0.21774444273973131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980021728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99579453,0.000032603522,0.00034348722,0.00019378595,0.00022110066,0.00015745871,3.2123586e-7,0.00003846822,0.0032182408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98837715,0.000045440713,0.011223413,0.000019721014,0.000030792762,0.0000017043028,4.6212077e-7,0.000007997218,0.00029330023],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811983,0.0000418997,0.00046764655,0.0002625409,0.0007399174,0.0003681465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927694,0.000017553837,0.00031886072,0.00022109234,0.000064847954,0.00010069789],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011081629,0.00013751879,0.0001707771,0.00014035194,0.00030308473,0.00006401894,0.0005717212,0.00005734842,0.00079680356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009185057,0.00009424541,0.0000634162,0.0004646656,0.00045374868,0.0015822884,0.00010571128,0.00016224902,0.00011773288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004482974,0.00004967847,0.0025224478,0.000004673959,0.0000056659574,0.000009228495,0.0012460279,0.0022786206,0.99321365,0.000019565174,0.000018302555,0.00058728724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002683988,0.00017820501,0.015276027,0.00001632344,0.000014171322,0.00015633694,0.00020599164,0.00042665502,0.9830426,0.00024752057,0.000048870945,0.0001189083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031365813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075436183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012753579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028326444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046834808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87244403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980366144","doi":"10.1002/aic.14422","title":"Membrane distillation enhanced by an asymmetric electric field","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission; Tianjin Science and Technology Committee; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electric field; Permeation; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Chemistry; Desalination; Flux (metallurgy); Electrode; Voltage; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Electric potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006743611146429702,"score_gpt":0.23836992474556304,"score_spread":0.23162631359913333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980366144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90273726,0.00003702129,0.06590924,0.00076902896,0.00014576086,0.00008178923,4.1426622e-7,0.00010355503,0.030215941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99762285,0.000088729044,0.0011639501,0.00043259634,0.00007433106,0.0000028206423,0.0000025620452,0.000009229968,0.0006029487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989572,0.0000887654,0.00022482131,0.00017560639,0.00032327673,0.00023029144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941564,0.000112127556,0.00015267634,0.00020814726,0.000011682972,0.00009972307],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004531882,0.00010310137,0.00011452548,0.00009385146,0.00017518175,0.00006771427,0.00028547455,0.000100708654,0.0014651701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004994613,0.00008702169,0.000036756843,0.0005501782,0.000023170782,0.00039174536,0.000041126335,0.0002802642,0.0003781585],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017694527,0.000050106883,0.0025823736,0.0000022447016,0.0000065857494,7.400006e-7,0.00006656721,0.0006638846,0.7873417,0.00010236344,0.01531657,0.19384915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028730504,0.0003839376,0.0070320587,0.0000032219416,0.000010843166,0.000028366238,0.000023184084,0.005257867,0.9716614,0.0012916819,0.01385123,0.00016889258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028765613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013377537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19368026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083232146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063656357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99944764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980470054","doi":"10.1021/es100442g","title":"Characterization of Soluble Microbial Products and Their Fouling Impacts in Membrane Bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Size-exclusion chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0057001824446873805,"score_gpt":0.20174381635243258,"score_spread":0.1960436339077452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980470054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982561,0.000010910796,0.000032598757,0.0007877192,0.0001800732,0.0003498124,0.000007271587,0.0001054891,0.00027001323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988283,0.0000617967,0.000989408,0.000030417543,0.000010071793,0.000015508258,0.0000071833238,0.000011485125,0.000045846777],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984593,0.000013227522,0.0002993955,0.0005766885,0.00021998101,0.0004313995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992913,0.000015310772,0.00017755937,0.00045129954,0.0000032258317,0.00006132991],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045378951,0.0001822236,0.0002029944,0.00047455882,0.00014937957,0.000022367145,0.00058525463,0.00020180353,0.0002964364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014026886,0.00015611335,0.000018126004,0.0013190752,0.0040467335,0.00059897755,0.0006193175,0.0003260934,0.000050662486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058271216,0.00007534467,0.056815386,0.000003866641,0.0000010884451,0.0000011987875,0.00023537515,0.00000902386,0.93709725,0.00010249312,0.0000022986353,0.0056508384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019110585,0.00006883738,0.08472418,0.0000061145893,0.000001824607,0.000027325514,0.00019915051,0.0001594546,0.913395,0.0002145084,0.0008646816,0.0001478077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053936386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010807105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027908796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012815856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022029048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99866366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980608905","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.007","title":"A comparative study of fouling-related properties of sludge from conventional and membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal processes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Zeta potential; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Membrane; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.11761163247087852,"score_gpt":0.3516487304723911,"score_spread":0.23403709800151257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980608905","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99771243,0.00019505565,0.00003728067,0.000054598084,0.000019251152,0.0006739677,0.0000047316707,0.000035220957,0.0012674901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933153,0.000040397495,0.00026502728,0.0000026663156,0.000004833589,0.000027213018,0.0000081671005,0.000005305423,0.0003148489],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99821866,0.00015136837,0.00039594126,0.0003336668,0.0006087671,0.00029161072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951184,0.00008217165,0.000068090565,0.00019249535,0.00009963261,0.00004579889],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011450642,0.000103984465,0.0002657854,0.00009276776,0.00010649368,0.000014009595,0.00027869717,0.00009485096,0.0005725607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016564777,0.00006253602,0.000019990344,0.0003471311,0.0010619139,0.00011185701,0.00038350155,0.00021604435,0.000068920934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041647142,0.00044952615,0.007045812,0.000027581644,0.00003522913,0.000007511421,0.0074760215,0.00004664167,0.9840672,0.000024357952,0.000018131022,0.00038549665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000707772,0.00062115537,0.007938048,0.000026357253,0.0000042863767,0.000002512384,0.0061081387,0.00007655346,0.9837883,0.0005665611,0.00008059804,0.000079691476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006594415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018546465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016191368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000359058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014881703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62691385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981227871","doi":"10.3844/ajessp.2008.388.396","title":"Desalination of Saline Sludges Using Ion-Exchange Column with Zeolite","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeolite; Desalination; Ion exchange; Saline; Column (typography); Waste management; Environmental science; Saline water; Chemistry; Ion; Engineering; Salinity; Geology; Catalysis; Medicine","score_opus":0.01985078492543285,"score_gpt":0.24649818158146192,"score_spread":0.22664739665602907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981227871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980116,0.00013269972,0.0008188547,0.00018370031,0.00004591324,0.000086407475,0.0000057185594,0.000010122809,0.00070502376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817419,0.0003376632,0.017754158,0.0000777511,0.00002358454,0.0000011218407,6.312855e-7,0.000007116081,0.000056060486],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837685,0.00006983575,0.00037682877,0.00018718856,0.0007793971,0.00020989956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890953,0.000059864553,0.0008161795,0.0001278864,0.0000065866993,0.00007995209],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042071566,0.0001225281,0.00024675915,0.00011366429,0.00020377447,0.000010602934,0.00039225735,0.000025074407,0.0006089716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000280268,0.000090515496,0.000055009456,0.0005376661,0.00488199,0.0005151088,0.0001003208,0.000097886295,0.000014829906],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118787146,0.0003543813,0.61773115,0.0000079083275,0.0000335966,0.0000431889,0.0015688427,0.018668842,0.3321115,0.000038633156,0.00018878179,0.029134352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001085612,0.006947367,0.7639909,0.00007860605,0.00007095678,0.0016471813,0.0063779866,0.0026350024,0.21353061,0.00030191254,0.0027357058,0.0005982084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016915845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018942315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14625968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015285742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000250833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99782616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981407001","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00376-9","title":"Ultra-low-pressure water softening with pore-filled membranes","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Softening; Materials science; Water softening; Polyelectrolyte; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008838654063244196,"score_gpt":0.21948714069016512,"score_spread":0.21064848662692093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981407001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686802,0.000026028374,0.0025797663,0.0010222752,0.000061710285,0.00024991058,0.000001592933,0.00039860304,0.026979892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953723,0.000022993667,0.0013068971,0.00014291742,0.000022178074,0.000032789183,0.00004804042,0.000015966818,0.0030358941],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989913,0.000034386998,0.00016110581,0.00026383155,0.00032182317,0.00022751783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996271,0.000025518297,0.000057677567,0.00023262337,0.000018907473,0.000038188125],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019753024,0.00012576721,0.0001089073,0.000058487112,0.00013919683,0.000044144163,0.00019402176,0.00009492168,0.0018330449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048884183,0.000083679966,0.000024568679,0.00020593853,0.00011398181,0.00040747662,0.000037723785,0.00009553375,0.00047511948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018437408,0.00015764243,0.036352456,0.000057072735,0.000051029598,0.000075124786,0.0019795648,0.033681445,0.90805835,0.0011886024,0.0015910052,0.01662336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007427939,0.00009766769,0.011281945,0.000019244926,0.000032721644,0.00007199766,0.00026377477,0.004587342,0.94924116,0.0009488058,0.032384958,0.00032760482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005106178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050548413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04118282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038702965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035548394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981698601","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.018","title":"Assessing the effects of sodium hypochlorite exposure on the characteristics of PVDF based membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Sodium hypochlorite; Membrane; Hypochlorite; Chemistry; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Cleaning agent; Sodium; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04715839465917796,"score_gpt":0.31757736688193133,"score_spread":0.27041897222275335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981698601","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993572,0.000018270952,0.000021792588,0.003383378,0.000050486437,0.0005578279,0.000002165547,0.000021481843,0.0023725897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989335,0.000013917188,0.000046823552,0.00008760627,0.0000128381325,0.000097401076,0.00000420162,0.0000098606115,0.00079386594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982335,0.00035042918,0.00020349679,0.00017324551,0.0007380828,0.00030123978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998748,0.00057058403,0.000054572713,0.000557022,0.000042164495,0.000027663385],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011539463,0.000088445566,0.00012686601,0.00004835614,0.00018685579,0.000087818116,0.000636047,0.00006601531,0.0011961459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044536576,0.00003764306,0.000036485177,0.0001952337,0.0007385899,0.00015828128,0.00023467277,0.00028324366,0.0004565692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007859009,0.000052980093,0.0027331822,0.000083908344,0.0000052518812,9.713439e-7,0.00026660867,0.000006729901,0.9917024,0.000052035673,0.0023810114,0.0027070576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011292273,0.00013606403,0.019336477,0.000028518414,0.0000024455899,3.3384347e-7,0.00016473638,0.00039610447,0.9782437,0.00040678072,0.0011231519,0.00004876799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002551751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016603295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029045812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008402791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997169},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981994517","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2011.09.017","title":"Fouling-resistant polymer brush coatings","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Cornell Center for Materials Research; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Methacrylic acid; Membrane; Surface modification; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer brush; Poly(methacrylic acid); Radical polymerization; Polymerization; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.027541866258065772,"score_gpt":0.23386883469968456,"score_spread":0.2063269684416188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981994517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7327715,0.00048899685,0.0003572883,0.00037829307,0.00017438643,0.00013975904,0.0000049975174,0.00040184238,0.26528296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867885,0.000009617081,0.0007572522,0.0005718622,0.000021311442,0.000019205794,0.0000020360699,0.00001834396,0.011811876],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989311,0.00002224998,0.00020605959,0.00029644952,0.00024374411,0.00030037767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942374,0.00002272391,0.00008825473,0.00038782973,0.000003634331,0.000073797266],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010234246,0.00013812758,0.0001200723,0.000039217797,0.00011220784,0.000016950786,0.0003295899,0.00008635278,0.018321015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003559774,0.00012185513,0.00005136573,0.00019992176,0.00025242352,0.00017271501,0.00018470948,0.00010653769,0.0036962102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006869127,0.00013700912,0.027199375,0.000007657378,0.000017416507,0.000019401772,0.0019785014,0.0000019842623,0.9357643,0.0065930597,0.008734341,0.019478224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015411172,0.000051200488,0.009073493,0.0000043752034,0.000009471077,0.000004313328,0.00013540704,0.000032399912,0.9862238,0.00045144663,0.003671342,0.00018860567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015693107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012646512,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.254017,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039184368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074407035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99707955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982133129","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2014.948964","title":"Ultrafiltration Fouling: Impact of Backwash Frequency and Air Sparging","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Sparging; Air sparging; Backwashing; Fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Secondary air injection; Permeation; Bubble; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental science; Mechanics; Contamination; Environmental remediation; Engineering","score_opus":0.010871040310013406,"score_gpt":0.2914446555778557,"score_spread":0.2805736152678423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982133129","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.988944,0.000032074517,0.002825848,0.00074342237,0.000035045774,0.00016432836,0.0000012151187,0.00014896823,0.007105098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99676514,0.000030313697,0.003097371,0.000043699238,0.0000071964387,0.000010778759,0.0000015297866,0.0000042445517,0.00003971941],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988225,0.000019279647,0.00023608716,0.00038539205,0.000306123,0.00023058367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994068,0.000043350756,0.00014607536,0.00028820487,0.00006298876,0.00005256094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070896,0.00011354641,0.00015424757,0.00031154804,0.00023624173,0.00003217542,0.00025479044,0.00012412452,0.00009519188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005737239,0.000095636016,0.000016732109,0.0013487706,0.001985383,0.00065245194,0.00012443356,0.00010609367,0.00003357406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003869743,0.00001837447,0.11980964,0.000004907557,0.0000032211392,3.2802672e-7,0.00015798997,0.0002751383,0.83309495,0.02173979,0.0001298549,0.02476193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062446436,0.000969206,0.22626622,0.000021215661,0.000017301036,0.00008214559,0.00048610193,0.027376102,0.6558373,0.086976185,0.000900389,0.00044333277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006817613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004547255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17725763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006943479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004561399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7315227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982283501","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.03.4","title":"Removal of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Complexation –Ultrafiltration Hybrid Process: A Bibliographical Overview","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Microporous material; Pollution; Membrane; Environmental pollution; Nanotechnology; Membrane technology; Metal; Process engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Environmental protection","score_opus":0.019091011362656462,"score_gpt":0.2763319648974261,"score_spread":0.25724095353476967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982283501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749536,0.0011664503,0.020070838,0.002490141,0.00009019771,0.00021146449,0.00002573649,0.00009680681,0.00089475827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947849,0.0014020031,0.0035848112,0.00010640267,0.000030798114,0.000010014343,0.000034456923,0.000010581616,0.000036033667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981838,0.00012160736,0.00082471175,0.00024459945,0.0004228741,0.00020244383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986236,0.0001311678,0.0008263082,0.0002473429,0.00010536088,0.0000662392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005404187,0.00017009034,0.00042069302,0.00089336565,0.0001640504,0.0000295503,0.00029594873,0.0002231238,0.00030581202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035639651,0.0001491788,0.00009955442,0.0015792892,0.00048282975,0.0005348023,0.000059026497,0.00030752426,0.000017143198],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009226631,0.00028703173,0.0015806817,0.000036994228,0.00009138813,0.000012294629,0.00015794256,0.0010671013,0.96007043,0.0061605647,0.004147267,0.026296023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028048914,0.0019447266,0.0045575984,0.00012524007,0.00035691116,0.0023073645,0.0006878119,0.025140055,0.8332931,0.09227025,0.035858516,0.00065357966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000505292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004993813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1267774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003172339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023522814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60833347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982364486","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.077","title":"An in-situ integrated system of carbon nanotubes nanocomposite membrane for oil sands process-affected water treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Syncrude","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Polysulfone; Interfacial polymerization; Carbon nanotube; Nanocomposite; Polyamide; Materials science; Permeation; Fouling; Dispersion (optics); In situ polymerization; Solvent; Polymer; Polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01243211565941722,"score_gpt":0.2648800055057836,"score_spread":0.2524478898463664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982364486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99703014,0.00008764105,0.0000486236,0.00012372808,0.00037950336,0.00028027155,0.0000041918306,0.00005170943,0.0019942033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99802274,0.000038563685,0.0017384611,0.000019772762,0.000051836356,0.000025950385,0.000002952415,0.00001633731,0.00008341968],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972724,0.00011048714,0.0008187382,0.0003142867,0.00084471534,0.0006394239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987359,0.000072508505,0.0004506998,0.00037730075,0.00013898531,0.00022461827],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021778443,0.00025881955,0.0005436787,0.00045498894,0.0001452258,0.000050646733,0.0008827446,0.00011856273,0.00005242018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011205549,0.00015693778,0.00010976906,0.0010168051,0.00063917437,0.0016857887,0.000065997505,0.00015594384,0.000009404143],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001614568,0.0003446673,0.002801584,0.00011241099,0.0000125196775,0.000005582511,0.0014640229,0.0022270468,0.9900101,0.000043259268,0.0000031017482,0.0028142398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012357795,0.0007936764,0.0022451119,0.00013862693,0.000039408722,0.00013627838,0.0009393868,0.0015093817,0.99261737,0.000011790534,0.00014285099,0.00019031296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011003251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006199152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026239268,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005862723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001131129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6399737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982422962","doi":"10.1039/c4ra16177g","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes with improved organic fouling properties for water desalination","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Desalination; Fouling; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Characterization (materials science); Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.01988975790629677,"score_gpt":0.2232698638125305,"score_spread":0.20338010590623373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982422962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98850995,0.000061771505,0.010450175,0.00034274423,0.00003769697,0.0004496986,0.000009352657,0.00007504888,0.000063560256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98557526,0.000077281926,0.013985154,0.00003442698,0.000009977405,0.00009525969,0.000013706292,0.0000135980345,0.00019534594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993219,0.00001655184,0.00017747765,0.00021168278,0.00014369807,0.00012872728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965304,0.000034097327,0.00012025847,0.00012661089,0.000036979924,0.000028989583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017673997,0.00010838956,0.00014766153,0.0000356039,0.0000801318,0.000022504964,0.000107179454,0.000049127786,0.000027583228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009569318,0.000068368645,0.000014758902,0.00009578172,0.00013968328,0.0007462259,0.000055617704,0.000031066564,0.00000477559],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118513366,0.000030801806,0.0006912403,0.000079021476,0.000007240077,1.01102636e-7,0.00062434457,0.0010371382,0.99554086,0.000012619053,0.0000026905775,0.0018554521],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033593163,0.00012859394,0.00028634776,0.000039745224,0.000021489768,0.0000031133877,0.00028986638,0.014514998,0.98318875,0.0000615757,0.0010112855,0.00011830837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019048974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003916829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013477859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003736676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074722725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27879924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982497185","doi":"10.1039/c4ra14180f","title":"A porous polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane in a gas humidification process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Porosity; Membrane; Materials science; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Process (computing); Composite material; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.011324743293962918,"score_gpt":0.26328019029667354,"score_spread":0.2519554470027106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982497185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96300423,0.00023354446,0.00043530826,0.0008476189,0.00005702039,0.00026299778,0.0000015289112,0.0002111894,0.034946542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961226,0.000113880415,0.002029416,0.00011764071,0.00002047906,0.00007161958,0.000005266839,0.000012511453,0.0015065989],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989231,0.00004251731,0.00021089721,0.00033486576,0.00025458937,0.00023399021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994993,0.00005583206,0.00011001965,0.00029246855,0.0000063570005,0.00003601522],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022402225,0.00012535765,0.00014779576,0.000056766123,0.00006606455,0.000018758185,0.0002810296,0.00007014582,0.001097929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016479085,0.0001115553,0.00002171332,0.0003856689,0.00016883295,0.00048251392,0.000045996083,0.000108522465,0.00090416207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019855307,0.00044045495,0.024784494,0.00016137272,0.000012843208,0.000012253015,0.0025840087,0.040513556,0.36790022,0.001388027,0.00060425827,0.56139994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015226646,0.00024438955,0.012012907,0.00006440317,0.000013829133,0.000019316332,0.00090848707,0.00311986,0.85040444,0.021154447,0.10977669,0.0007585695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059529724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023376147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5606414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006139981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060800944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982828309","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2014.08.055","title":"Thin film composite nanofiltration membranes assembled layer-by-layer via interfacial polymerization from polyethylenimine and trimesoyl chloride","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Interfacial polymerization; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyethylenimine; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Permeation; Polymerization; Layer (electronics); Chloride; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.011008177223015567,"score_gpt":0.24320130875697454,"score_spread":0.23219313153395899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982828309","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839784,0.00015526837,0.011952171,0.0014556298,0.00056505064,0.00017263278,0.0000067619176,0.00006639242,0.0016477079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996583,0.0001288172,0.0025983215,0.00033856288,0.00012347219,0.0000032492874,0.0000053991034,0.000016905786,0.00020226021],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970608,0.00013914981,0.00078095886,0.00046739733,0.0011712082,0.00038052557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983792,0.00022349783,0.00075035414,0.0003445535,0.000075914424,0.00022652054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015189414,0.00026579082,0.000416298,0.0002572085,0.00037659972,0.00022414206,0.00088961393,0.00013939376,0.0004770354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047315375,0.00021971633,0.00007847976,0.00081824185,0.00064416294,0.0019207066,0.00021165425,0.00030119764,0.000065386426],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014502853,0.00005991434,0.0014908394,0.000008572974,0.000009889168,0.0000027918534,0.00035169238,0.0015658453,0.991663,0.00004456814,0.00020662158,0.0044512865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008414428,0.0002625844,0.005140068,0.00003374622,0.00003257431,0.00006605354,0.00009963794,0.02102245,0.9709362,0.000363187,0.00096056797,0.0002414988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026452815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003133173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02072676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012107464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000657002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8959772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982848770","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.10.017","title":"Treatment of oil sands process-affected water by submerged ceramic membrane microfiltration system","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Ceramic membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Wastewater","score_opus":0.006594534044177231,"score_gpt":0.23816570473077375,"score_spread":0.23157117068659652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982848770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908572,0.00011706061,0.002992268,0.001482579,0.000075462034,0.00031173968,0.000010664475,0.00056412397,0.0035889181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981138,0.00017509975,0.00042801656,0.000021232796,0.000012276648,0.00019682499,0.00021054273,0.000014446293,0.0008277755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866515,0.000088825414,0.00042809214,0.0004225542,0.00017468458,0.00022066229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992853,0.000017190825,0.00020774789,0.0004067993,0.000041666626,0.000041319152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016796224,0.0001952719,0.00026200817,0.00018959334,0.00016221996,0.00002436458,0.0001667652,0.00030694663,0.00017743706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003425508,0.00015206747,0.000032916076,0.00040462153,0.00029478938,0.00018987746,0.000021261734,0.00007302015,0.00017444824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026088455,0.000100033154,0.0012584958,0.000044723543,0.000011054172,1.7403747e-7,0.0002432826,0.00008335763,0.96445554,0.002531071,0.00021570729,0.031030439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064297684,0.00031742672,0.00070981536,0.0000064933956,0.000022660954,0.000016304404,0.00028648,0.005050432,0.98287755,0.00029850617,0.00960158,0.0001697607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004790762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026379239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03086068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110004716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008558312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62011313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983948558","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.003","title":"Nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active and endocrine disrupting compounds as a function of compound interactions with DOM fractions and cations in natural water","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Colloid; Organic matter; Membrane; Natural organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Fractionation; Size-exclusion chromatography; Humic acid; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011325658797336234,"score_gpt":0.28955725563382484,"score_spread":0.2782315968364886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983948558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99294645,0.000056055014,0.0017634202,0.0032074295,0.000038393642,0.00053930166,0.0000045203,0.00007477034,0.0013696896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969699,0.00011201032,0.0024957184,0.000040709958,0.0000047938934,0.00014851855,0.000046301127,0.0000070206574,0.0001750211],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990731,0.000046203837,0.00035564526,0.0002725815,0.00011919178,0.0001332954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994529,0.00008172564,0.00018907811,0.00017345621,0.00007066602,0.000032155967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000833446,0.00012134214,0.00016917993,0.00030561505,0.00014215308,0.00002859534,0.00006748256,0.00008862119,0.0001877723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004762013,0.00009848936,0.000011692096,0.0003715141,0.00056341715,0.00065920624,0.000054206987,0.00019206872,0.000018586872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007279793,0.00011119098,0.0107211005,0.000022128073,0.00002154647,3.0458222e-7,0.0007045141,0.000071795796,0.9603558,0.008996055,0.000050143088,0.018872589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015477823,0.0004802435,0.18891305,0.00004447041,0.00007310476,0.00016980257,0.005081654,0.007960073,0.77901757,0.011839581,0.0045224354,0.00035027205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023194925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036773682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1813383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004214988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011309822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.401628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985439152","doi":"10.1115/detc2014-35038","title":"Modular Design of Community-Scale Photovoltaic Reverse Osmosis Systems Under Uncertainty","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Modular design; Computer science; Photovoltaic system; Reliability engineering; Systems design; Reliability (semiconductor); Systems engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03129249609019974,"score_gpt":0.23951228748190193,"score_spread":0.20821979139170219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985439152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8046335,0.000011571105,0.18080267,0.00013033336,0.00008228799,0.00040488807,0.0000028190382,0.00023195944,0.013699941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933956,0.000010694442,0.0046461923,0.00022336507,0.000004368665,0.000025052337,0.000003569133,0.000009648145,0.0016814612],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879175,0.00040205836,0.00024276196,0.00013393353,0.00025434897,0.00017516532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989481,0.00019513845,0.00010258465,0.0006976807,0.000012243285,0.000044265704],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008258876,0.00011487596,0.00019065895,0.000038864568,0.000141427,0.000015900438,0.00042926922,0.00009978185,0.00091871223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086107684,0.00009559983,0.000037940525,0.00023222453,0.00028508223,0.00012805403,0.00018985606,0.00016395152,0.00036355574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009405938,0.0000697128,0.001090669,0.000020704281,0.000008912544,1.3720877e-7,0.00019342797,0.5520283,0.4393579,0.0004984528,0.0062848376,0.00043752967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010162961,0.00051927875,0.009618124,0.000050797036,0.00005100173,0.000010788216,0.007064437,0.5082147,0.45170954,0.008756552,0.0123323,0.0006562099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0058650486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017773452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18876213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000963466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000506579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985693222","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.01.042","title":"A flow distribution study of laboratory scale membrane gas separation cells","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Permeance; Permeation; Gas separation; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008623201764601468,"score_gpt":0.2643338960259731,"score_spread":0.25571069426137166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985693222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997106,0.000028015624,0.00070833316,0.00041307887,0.00029162888,0.0002972548,0.000010102776,0.00003698878,0.0011085905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978905,0.00005361473,0.0018596462,0.00007059517,0.00004131975,0.0000019719464,0.0000013661271,0.0000056421295,0.00007539545],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967775,0.00011212297,0.0008167663,0.00032492107,0.0016378473,0.00033088707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983413,0.000058462192,0.00078976434,0.0004432658,0.00020368626,0.0001635089],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023125443,0.0001786764,0.00035883085,0.00020219295,0.00023655184,0.00007077933,0.0009644158,0.0000781481,0.00030673153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028857758,0.00014669147,0.000077012715,0.0020004504,0.0005982497,0.001453855,0.00010078103,0.0002673777,0.000061227496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069565845,0.00056406093,0.00073880114,0.0000067945457,0.0000047202784,0.000011941897,0.0007450571,0.024843056,0.96850085,0.000023891655,0.0004537681,0.00403747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008878996,0.0014322617,0.012473452,0.00002643071,0.00003158456,0.00003609159,0.00089341996,0.005491153,0.9779073,0.00014794662,0.0005002463,0.00017218503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014026599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024635845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019351903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023607255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012978663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5981904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1986761807","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v2n3p183","title":"Application of Vacuum Membrane Distillation in Water Treatment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Biochemical engineering; Vacuum distillation; Membrane; Process engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Desalination","score_opus":0.007125788747207079,"score_gpt":0.22820061105727843,"score_spread":0.22107482231007136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1986761807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956882,0.00002784271,0.0020755443,0.0007925129,0.00001808803,0.00024046717,9.913688e-8,0.000010514827,0.001146722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99586743,0.000030570467,0.0032377879,0.000030286597,0.000007836944,0.0000071863983,0.000002588122,0.0000037361074,0.00081254833],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988807,0.00002051083,0.0005265659,0.000104797575,0.00026460644,0.00020280959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957037,0.000013357148,0.00022241431,0.000114422895,0.000043350177,0.00003605712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037286847,0.000094043084,0.00018452901,0.00016365462,0.000041595817,0.000010288184,0.00013977569,0.000051070765,0.00013069708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020822225,0.00006316027,0.00003176653,0.00021965096,0.000031364525,0.00031864253,0.000033097742,0.000058146758,0.00002074137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005541385,0.0016400293,0.057491396,0.00012216787,0.00007371144,0.00031207665,0.014027561,0.048744418,0.657813,0.004205156,0.0005074644,0.21450888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007734434,0.00029280604,0.15580346,0.000012364518,0.000008570136,0.00001985503,0.0018450874,0.0002612506,0.81737477,0.0023514556,0.021128325,0.00012859292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026552054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006721826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21438028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00087724836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004350426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2575601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987666509","doi":"10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121t.x","title":"Full fit sanitary membranes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Cleaning agent; Contamination; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01773735953717616,"score_gpt":0.2568728784811865,"score_spread":0.23913551894401036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987666509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8256493,0.00004459131,0.0010412268,0.006310437,0.00030543417,0.00010920148,0.000013186085,0.00028177653,0.16624483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98741305,0.000044718097,0.0071925195,0.0007131844,0.00024322416,0.000022060442,0.000028077897,0.000009619998,0.0043335385],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998895,0.000020975152,0.0002217501,0.00027046734,0.0004368174,0.00015499517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957633,0.000045629717,0.00007237719,0.00024824552,0.000014072831,0.000043319327],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014534211,0.00011044507,0.000106823114,0.00008412297,0.00007247904,0.000038192004,0.00048637248,0.0000664488,0.03791711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009572415,0.00010558454,0.00008574467,0.00016612974,0.000113037786,0.000364038,0.0001892648,0.000093539944,0.006897782],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002846736,0.00077077275,0.04125479,0.000016259894,0.00038222983,0.000037865728,0.0012039056,0.13403073,0.2165845,0.005093711,0.23958555,0.360755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006947174,0.000047575762,0.007946523,0.0000067041647,0.000037557802,0.000035710502,0.000116600306,0.054793455,0.11847653,0.002001996,0.8153901,0.000452529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043997272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019887467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57580453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016136431,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005641911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99387544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987667635","doi":"10.2166/wst.2007.370","title":"Modeling of anaerobic treatment of wastewater in ponds","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Methanogenesis; Sediment; Settling; Organic matter; Particulates; Wastewater; Environmental science; Anaerobic digestion; Anaerobic exercise; Anaerobic respiration; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Geology; Methane; Biology","score_opus":0.01574761942881498,"score_gpt":0.2548383282485826,"score_spread":0.23909070881976763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987667635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99661124,0.000021212649,0.0011715117,0.0002967305,0.00004908577,0.00015869625,6.075973e-7,0.00009007545,0.0016008527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957214,0.000014352512,0.004141315,0.0000068473983,0.0000019220543,0.000008523538,6.3325484e-7,0.0000050596677,0.000099951336],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985234,0.000006911349,0.00039280564,0.00035122538,0.00025687125,0.00046875834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993882,0.000006931323,0.000054949207,0.0005041909,0.000016416338,0.000029283096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052797317,0.00011348292,0.00021062243,0.0009753628,0.00005165987,0.000005125313,0.0006355802,0.00013323683,0.00013165725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025355108,0.00007534092,0.000028384125,0.0015673355,0.0016310031,0.00021965959,0.00027840454,0.000063633655,0.000051475505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009610807,0.00008375446,0.011607296,0.000002353406,0.0000010722293,0.000005301197,0.0006180489,0.01059985,0.9728774,0.00044868473,8.397553e-7,0.0037458227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022171179,0.00029618043,0.00056924246,0.000005518624,0.0000022403767,0.00000772194,0.0004467075,0.008424759,0.9876906,0.002170552,0.0000812162,0.00008351708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023016393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002550317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014813266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021333342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013923319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6009499},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987711119","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.019","title":"Relationships of activated sludge characteristics to fouling rate and critical flux in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Activated sludge; Membrane bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chemistry; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Bioreactor; Suspended solids; Wastewater; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02756370190420731,"score_gpt":0.2707649815065056,"score_spread":0.24320127960229826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987711119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998148,0.000002793971,0.000050453502,0.0007542487,0.00007114847,0.00035614555,0.000015412372,0.000043496995,0.0005582783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99232775,0.0000037623904,0.0072699822,0.000023903605,0.000011602031,0.000054154083,0.00001695892,0.000012358948,0.00027950166],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928397,0.000018177223,0.0002209599,0.00023355875,0.0000698614,0.00017346424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994397,0.00022291791,0.000045845678,0.00021323944,0.000010443307,0.00006781569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016082058,0.000116418705,0.00017184833,0.000016041828,0.000055596895,0.000016550566,0.000094287796,0.0001348176,0.00054194976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006156899,0.000097024495,0.000023322382,0.000143861,0.00013862825,0.000120642515,0.000055312456,0.00012834951,0.0000368501],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003892305,0.000045950357,0.020333493,0.000019470157,0.0000033317992,9.695756e-7,0.00037064534,0.000012916204,0.977362,0.00016053632,0.000048848735,0.0016029387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032042942,0.00007548712,0.044636585,0.000010736663,0.000008487904,0.0000016395223,0.00021602486,0.0003184728,0.9528111,0.0003635538,0.0011300041,0.000107476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039218834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011294423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024550874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005504331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008048724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.593397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988550341","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.10.018","title":"The selective removal of oil from wastewaters while minimizing concentrate production using a membrane cascade","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Seawater; Hexane; Wastewater; Waste oil; Permeation; Extraction (chemistry); Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03180112343411437,"score_gpt":0.24393718018774135,"score_spread":0.21213605675362698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988550341","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99731463,0.00006567928,0.00030763814,0.0002934564,0.0001846607,0.000120948964,0.0000036766817,0.000074324445,0.0016349858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501115,0.00012997889,0.004390621,0.000015580408,0.000033723092,0.0000089256755,0.0000114187515,0.000009469235,0.00038914435],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899876,0.000088784334,0.00023468261,0.00023601673,0.0002846767,0.00015709458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995008,0.00006265078,0.0001937236,0.00018899169,0.000032479515,0.000021345848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022537627,0.000091617316,0.0001017632,0.000031219468,0.00029859756,0.0000138743335,0.00014032301,0.000069345355,0.00003637309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001797803,0.00007232892,0.000029882194,0.00030640955,0.00029318008,0.000289369,0.00004489286,0.000090227084,0.000022671657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004437103,0.000024756246,0.00091601023,0.0000047854605,0.000013955482,0.0000065364466,0.0017495012,0.010558114,0.97982824,0.00007126905,0.00017205608,0.006610379],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018817773,0.000020737023,0.0026602317,0.000012354412,0.000012338742,0.00005814401,0.00041039352,0.013837202,0.9815163,0.00017474304,0.0010169973,0.00009238599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043755054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009964955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006517993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018795033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019715053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29494876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988918683","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2007)133:5(515)","title":"Impacts of Hydrophilic Membrane Additives on the Ultrafiltration of River Water","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Surface modification; Biofouling; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005647222378425255,"score_gpt":0.1894099665691525,"score_spread":0.18376274419072725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988918683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998682,0.000030076488,0.0005474221,0.0000817025,0.00006633506,0.00008818842,0.0000065123295,0.000007702794,0.0004900395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992463,0.00007105643,0.00059767696,0.000021179336,0.000026153519,6.894752e-7,0.0000014859367,0.000010582648,0.000024902276],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892074,0.000015070334,0.00043240737,0.00008069714,0.0003893804,0.00016173351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994516,0.0001240456,0.00022454266,0.00015179745,0.0000025815573,0.000045448167],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046274113,0.000111458525,0.00016349813,0.00008408165,0.000025850642,0.0000038250814,0.00020752964,0.000054318945,0.0011061955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005993845,0.00006709801,0.0000890504,0.0000731398,0.00019013604,0.00020458037,0.000043685188,0.00016679289,0.00002807599],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032142718,0.00006512038,0.0009823072,0.000007950488,0.000020941563,0.0000053955146,0.00040078064,0.03652091,0.9613368,0.00003312465,0.000029914283,0.0005646414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019221687,0.00022387246,0.0577061,0.000028107761,0.000011781226,0.000028053859,0.0001562674,0.00033643295,0.9409281,0.000027346297,0.000293195,0.00006851412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006428768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012636256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056723792,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010166077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020028472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989300663","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.08.030","title":"Conventional and thermophilic aerobic treatability of high strength oily pet food wastewater using membrane-coupled bioreactors","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermophile; Wastewater; Effluent; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0553227209939692,"score_gpt":0.30817174680657566,"score_spread":0.2528490258126065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989300663","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99859166,0.000022832914,0.0000044642456,0.00055613805,0.000021394151,0.0003444822,0.00001606655,0.00004783378,0.0003951103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99868727,0.00001858583,0.0007368875,0.000007090001,0.000022792334,0.000024004654,0.000025456657,0.000014929005,0.00046299695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980317,0.00017347749,0.0002956259,0.0004113029,0.0006385569,0.00044934903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936455,0.0000503853,0.000039290957,0.0004342495,0.000029940107,0.00008157817],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009082386,0.00014030661,0.00019422255,0.00017926216,0.00015132765,0.000039487313,0.00030802615,0.000075278374,0.0046910024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048962345,0.00009278249,0.000046178793,0.00024795494,0.000877884,0.00028187165,0.0004147273,0.00022014293,0.00017390754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005974616,0.00013758137,0.0062615373,0.000032242275,0.000018941917,0.0000027718,0.00029973107,0.00023014062,0.9918915,0.00014722288,0.0000332788,0.0008852848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059010036,0.00017600032,0.0076307775,0.000010565509,0.000006720087,0.000013949187,0.00012277422,0.0018681865,0.98817253,0.000784812,0.00049866777,0.00012492824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066464674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018792503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0045170947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013814884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014097075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99621886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990969041","doi":"10.1039/c4ra17097k","title":"Performance studies of PEI/SPEI blend ultra-filtration membranes via surface modification using cSMM additives","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Imide; Ether; Surface modification; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Casting; Macromolecule; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.06864021023360253,"score_gpt":0.32035604815450147,"score_spread":0.2517158379208989,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990969041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915704,0.001754432,0.0015909922,0.00011241231,0.00016331254,0.000244387,0.000013987034,0.000121450415,0.004428629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98908687,0.0023848484,0.008208021,0.000016140084,0.000024668721,0.000011773669,0.000014918769,0.000010603458,0.00024216888],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987632,0.000055767014,0.0003137561,0.00029550475,0.000381871,0.0001898714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999271,0.00009504797,0.00027341617,0.00026005294,0.000056499608,0.00004401436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026969577,0.00015687961,0.00021708258,0.000041683124,0.0001230797,0.000012707635,0.00021629821,0.000057149726,0.00008973039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001841298,0.0001372599,0.000030314037,0.00031098898,0.00048346963,0.0013265009,0.000046540106,0.00007479509,0.00008057215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006989236,0.00009170515,0.013311754,0.00014861426,0.000029847171,0.000001137066,0.0021139986,0.37042135,0.5927129,0.00014618076,0.00033686782,0.02061577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002907397,0.00015030474,0.0021807358,0.000044200486,0.000022785152,0.000008689592,0.0037939867,0.019548485,0.96822965,0.0014006002,0.004075533,0.00025426038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028052289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034407138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3755168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011533041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017083246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5597297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991085655","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.018","title":"Removal of coliphages in secondary effluent by microfiltration—mechanisms of removal and impact of operating parameters","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Coliphage; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane technology; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Bacteriophage","score_opus":0.03380938908201808,"score_gpt":0.32756134005963733,"score_spread":0.29375195097761925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991085655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963496,0.00007627805,0.00009961282,0.000041553034,0.000009979679,0.00030060872,0.000013558809,0.0000069611633,0.0031018676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922568,0.000025080191,0.00742915,0.0000068126074,7.907352e-7,0.000008896762,0.000005591522,0.0000074506193,0.00025941676],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985442,0.0002602352,0.00033872362,0.00021152453,0.00037965752,0.00026561585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996023,0.000049921895,0.000053052278,0.0002313284,0.000026357226,0.000036998208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014372064,0.00008243155,0.00019094802,0.00013545605,0.00004233857,0.000014071489,0.00018216856,0.00007513941,0.0005547634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016985995,0.00005974201,0.00003380816,0.00024717732,0.0004282853,0.00013939396,0.00013330902,0.0001780472,0.000010126124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021378557,0.000049583065,0.0028197023,0.000033583237,0.000007771828,0.000010561225,0.00048453608,0.00027907468,0.9950226,0.00015277798,0.00017878604,0.00093964365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033746075,0.00027708325,0.002692045,0.000016969976,0.000001365368,0.000037326226,0.00033655023,0.00018003031,0.9946731,0.0013340032,0.000055907538,0.000058194633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010200574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003304191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0073295375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007997242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027161082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60742706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991179361","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.007","title":"Characterization of the proton binding sites of extracellular polymeric substances in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Chemistry; Titration; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.09161088688853253,"score_gpt":0.32605797019865634,"score_spread":0.23444708331012382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991179361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988769,0.000027493521,0.000005397263,0.00018215705,0.000023178824,0.0006403742,0.0000041903577,0.00001764277,0.00022265525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999477,0.000013759033,0.00007340883,0.0000021017775,0.0000060790044,0.000049668502,0.000018684432,0.0000071359445,0.00035212204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998441,0.00023217603,0.00023500567,0.00019359845,0.0006444181,0.0002538039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994999,0.000010858193,0.00006496257,0.00035291925,0.000031201063,0.000040144372],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011154955,0.0000691423,0.000117787196,0.00015513474,0.00004390256,0.000018414117,0.00045960388,0.00006795578,0.00027984087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006157273,0.000040299492,0.000018645293,0.00069323735,0.00041858194,0.00033909435,0.00018811683,0.00015504264,0.000049046947],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025250572,0.000058058104,0.108180165,0.000020584557,0.0000011941236,9.530579e-7,0.0012821693,0.00002282308,0.88998467,0.00002285558,0.0000027668964,0.00039853848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014176608,0.00009645256,0.01784232,0.000014923739,8.5661765e-7,5.444318e-7,0.0003031544,0.00023590111,0.9810103,0.00006908765,0.00023499128,0.000049692324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033954124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017199655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.091025665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071511444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016258642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30640614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991382832","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.06.018","title":"Effects of aeration parameters on effluent quality and membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor using Box–Behnken response surface methodology","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Response surface methodology; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Waste management; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.10213191913116998,"score_gpt":0.3590293469934307,"score_spread":0.2568974278622607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991382832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954298,0.000062919586,0.0034424814,0.00022862166,0.00015548174,0.0005674386,0.0000030615977,0.00006683876,0.00004331665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97244257,0.000026734566,0.027389284,0.00007788871,0.000008483101,0.000018294306,0.000008764974,0.000014672561,0.000013308939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99697125,0.0016620412,0.00046707055,0.00030038608,0.0003199086,0.00027931767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978886,0.0015156764,0.00028713935,0.00022639992,0.000017532373,0.00006462031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003975494,0.00017007676,0.00029834386,0.00016538266,0.000067278415,0.000015268744,0.00011162296,0.00019410337,0.000027666916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00257085,0.00016486539,0.00004020165,0.0004036117,0.000159645,0.00042239108,0.00006662236,0.00015376353,0.000013173673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005482573,0.00012247042,0.021145407,0.000066554545,0.000008683183,0.0000011131033,0.0009191282,0.007154549,0.9683215,0.00027082098,0.000002563258,0.0014389333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005876528,0.000090983405,0.19343366,0.000023704608,0.000016629998,0.0000018801962,0.0001104271,0.003941594,0.8015216,0.00011950561,0.000014694267,0.00013766756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048041396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057489084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17228825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024821356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010614721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67230153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991405254","doi":"10.1002/pola.10108","title":"Formation of pore‐filled microfiltration membranes using a combination of modified interfacial polymerization and grafting","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Polyethylenimine; Interfacial polymerization; Coating; Chemical engineering; Styrene; Materials science; Grafting; Microfiltration; Polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.018491546985785142,"score_gpt":0.25497930188471624,"score_spread":0.2364877548989311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991405254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943824,0.00076952414,0.0035350393,0.00016579135,0.00013611313,0.000086212494,0.0000039523375,0.0000150203,0.00090597064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995375,0.00007821903,0.00021733876,0.000019897478,0.000032946788,0.0000016717019,0.0000040438495,0.000008273867,0.00010006336],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99794173,0.00003402037,0.00090304366,0.00020162723,0.0006883668,0.00023119216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982028,0.00003729297,0.0013802664,0.00019332346,0.0000962128,0.00009007451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057480327,0.0001568864,0.00029302936,0.00018970206,0.00015285738,0.00004211184,0.00036684377,0.000099213976,0.00015892765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013604511,0.00014468438,0.00007330829,0.00087531836,0.0009104532,0.0013670453,0.00012111941,0.00012700084,0.0000010203914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006531774,0.00006972806,0.0025775786,0.000038439368,0.0000076226197,0.0000019321744,0.00058347126,0.00012031206,0.9940126,0.000036340658,0.000008838193,0.0024778463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000563339,0.00006674876,0.00036070714,0.00006815508,0.00003233897,0.00026339223,0.00059150415,0.00786122,0.9900057,0.000051464973,0.00000745606,0.00012800928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000068042755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002243569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007740908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008846132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000086962085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5900058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991500915","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2015.1035679","title":"Preparation and characterization of xanthated cotton fiber modified cellulose triacetate ultrafiltration membrane","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tellabs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cellulose triacetate; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Phase inversion; Adsorption; Polyethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; PEG ratio; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Contact angle; Hollow fiber membrane; Scanning electron microscope; Nuclear chemistry; Fiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Metal; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.02693804301910779,"score_gpt":0.25826671636963444,"score_spread":0.23132867335052665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991500915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997382,0.000013137251,0.0005299421,0.00038658472,0.00003500823,0.00047286032,0.000009071533,0.00007613129,0.0010952542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966521,0.00008413869,0.00032897675,0.000022408702,0.000007853247,0.000046903795,0.00035742222,0.000008036374,0.0024921526],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999166,0.000073711424,0.0002528948,0.00022915629,0.0001696373,0.00010860272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969053,0.000014384108,0.00010267751,0.0001039941,0.000028284365,0.000060145045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017966623,0.00012840264,0.00014855115,0.000064761734,0.000050253842,0.00003594469,0.000035203622,0.000078424586,0.00012088322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013565585,0.000089908295,0.000017363624,0.000086990156,0.00009095375,0.00044384593,0.000021610043,0.000023723822,0.000050743678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002000388,0.00015927627,0.0011284743,0.000013544207,0.000022686278,0.0000013343473,0.0037941954,0.000625524,0.98459196,0.0003514529,0.000025834763,0.009085668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014340472,0.00035715685,0.0044713146,0.0000047736867,0.000032323096,0.000005200117,0.000056272096,0.009397108,0.9826561,0.00022140295,0.0012565032,0.00010778336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009115573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017664659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008977884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008822256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006581891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36663538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991578212","doi":"10.3390/membranes4020163","title":"Nanofiltration of Mine Water: Impact of Feed pH and Membrane Charge on Resource Recovery and Water Discharge","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hatch (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Polyamide; Point of zero charge; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Aqueous solution; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008972180570592724,"score_gpt":0.2218936023022528,"score_spread":0.21292142173166007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991578212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99605095,0.00003075226,0.00001882987,0.00037546456,0.000034843935,0.00022954782,0.000013657492,0.00005078888,0.0031951317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99861753,0.000086642445,0.00009981238,0.000043055206,0.000018821416,0.000010046587,0.00003553303,0.000016043787,0.0010725363],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878097,0.00008265172,0.0003266128,0.00031401374,0.0002441951,0.00025154612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994314,0.00007642285,0.000098446944,0.0003258134,0.000009728508,0.00005822591],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042430608,0.0001892332,0.00032015907,0.000095768235,0.00007484523,0.000019551426,0.00014988589,0.000109002794,0.0009528235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000063824926,0.00010893317,0.00006191411,0.000080624144,0.00028289238,0.00024038521,0.00011176468,0.00007379859,0.000065150736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013652265,0.000053292304,0.004454786,0.00010453924,0.00001637323,4.1127754e-7,0.000507609,0.00029269082,0.9925292,0.00005412335,0.00012389245,0.0017265482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052713905,0.00044539568,0.0077990093,0.000025611638,0.000015437092,0.000008008496,0.000038058417,0.00070336263,0.9890754,0.00019118005,0.0010198312,0.0001515252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023342884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026272732,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034537702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021968435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002449235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991601527","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.01.2","title":"A Novel Approach to Synthesize Helix Wave Hollow Fiber Membranes for Separation Applications","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fiber; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03913531841263036,"score_gpt":0.29454358503189626,"score_spread":0.2554082666192659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991601527","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.401073,0.00094303844,0.56278896,0.010966319,0.00032447308,0.0038594385,0.000044893077,0.00050836435,0.01949148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8506469,0.00016042904,0.14506783,0.0004957263,0.00016619744,0.00052812434,0.000020148955,0.0000423833,0.0028722815],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981527,0.00003762954,0.0007277631,0.0003784062,0.00040786454,0.00029564337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865973,0.00012102518,0.00047869643,0.00037083175,0.00018526457,0.00018447687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007726783,0.00023845909,0.00045186072,0.00045895865,0.00017119557,0.00006652205,0.0003692814,0.00035365036,0.00007219863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043937887,0.00020745466,0.00009545818,0.0007896739,0.00022120702,0.00048486915,0.00011886544,0.00023359589,0.00011088146],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001177481,0.0012763882,0.00041459885,0.00028022417,0.00023822133,0.000009452037,0.0023070546,0.034816656,0.8477478,0.012969633,0.028411424,0.070351094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042892843,0.0015137764,0.00019269525,0.000045146502,0.00020571139,0.0013368982,0.0023237462,0.012682702,0.48167706,0.01024845,0.4846451,0.0008394191],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000095804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012980174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45623368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012821841,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058778125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8459756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991726205","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.05.019","title":"Heat and mass transfer analysis in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":524,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Heat transfer coefficient; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Film temperature; Heat transfer; Churchill–Bernstein equation; Chemistry; Heat flux; Membrane; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Desalination; Nusselt number","score_opus":0.010605538690160017,"score_gpt":0.24958522882066259,"score_spread":0.23897969013050258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991726205","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9595045,0.0000247073,0.030471958,0.00017718952,0.000028236198,0.00015482157,0.0000028083389,0.00007746809,0.009558322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992456,0.000029440529,0.00054028735,0.00003372187,0.000005841403,0.0000055698065,0.000029455108,0.0000050042363,0.00010507181],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992427,0.00003311558,0.00020009516,0.00020780432,0.00018616943,0.00013006892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976015,0.0000772605,0.000013155716,0.00011317376,0.000006471611,0.000029776465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005521494,0.00007766983,0.0001226483,0.00020005104,0.000042487136,0.000019545661,0.00005548952,0.000079153135,0.00027155856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057504676,0.00007442728,0.000028750928,0.0007990963,0.000046082125,0.00022064519,0.00001161157,0.000058152724,0.000023303866],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006752175,0.000055967135,0.62966526,0.000013121031,0.00004281977,0.000009372386,0.0006766945,0.010557683,0.33581668,0.0014967737,0.000024471256,0.021573614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030969369,0.000029575232,0.84676045,0.0000032785204,0.000045924742,8.377006e-7,0.00007255314,0.03140287,0.12044759,0.00025883096,0.00054436113,0.00012402445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020759163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016927783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21709518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000119498785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001777745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30350563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992520062","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2013.11.039","title":"Effect of hydrophobic surface modifying macromolecules on differently produced PVDF membranes for direct contact membrane distillation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanofiber; Desalination; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006373355257144236,"score_gpt":0.21526192875793398,"score_spread":0.20888857350078974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992520062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99738836,0.00007073005,0.0014658467,0.000093685376,0.0001426221,0.00047439308,0.0000044325307,0.00012281466,0.0002371397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982906,0.000021870219,0.0015080523,0.000008069239,0.000047953654,0.000032725162,0.0000074771333,0.000030807216,0.000052461455],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877936,0.000030106188,0.00034107047,0.00025929286,0.00029263526,0.00029755413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914527,0.00036889047,0.00014820659,0.00021408669,0.000018950224,0.00010456749],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024885044,0.00023249848,0.0003480554,0.00005076369,0.00006255202,0.000051013874,0.00025604296,0.000110841174,0.00020219824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044061223,0.00017972631,0.00012742811,0.00014703293,0.000050827082,0.0001668834,0.000056322646,0.00024134325,0.000038580492],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056264722,0.000024633166,0.0002507657,0.00017943057,0.00002019802,0.0000013647839,0.000033441174,0.053290837,0.94482255,0.00000748231,0.000061179155,0.001251883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005876789,0.00022264729,0.0002877962,0.000071830975,0.000020206473,0.000020994434,0.0000034835498,0.06985558,0.92867076,0.000022177528,0.00006262177,0.00017424356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012064913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.9207796e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016564744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013294109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048232964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73290265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992537671","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.040","title":"Preparation, characterization and performance of Al2O3/PES membrane for wastewater filtration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":305,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010903791507068297,"score_gpt":0.2543906955410463,"score_spread":0.24348690403397802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992537671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965133,0.000015244271,0.0016846228,0.0009310852,0.00013248538,0.0002607041,0.0000031431944,0.00001736043,0.00044207298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99283016,0.00012650395,0.006694323,0.00009209732,0.000037946767,0.000003386459,0.000003036591,0.0000044468293,0.00020808403],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984069,0.000024120664,0.00056885934,0.00021149365,0.00058710994,0.00020154973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989707,0.000039552633,0.00059544743,0.00019294032,0.00012653855,0.00007482857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012180017,0.00011623835,0.00021717051,0.00018071843,0.00017872098,0.00005877313,0.0003866141,0.00005695009,0.00011215301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019982898,0.0000911123,0.000043418753,0.00048266063,0.00043871716,0.0019375087,0.000038574413,0.00008471122,0.0000058006844],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014198094,0.000039325896,0.0008019829,0.000022175192,0.0000024989556,3.7221244e-7,0.00048250475,0.0008634222,0.9909934,0.00014742922,0.000035685203,0.0064692344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039489442,0.0010370085,0.029815676,0.000035228324,0.000011812849,0.00005803872,0.00007059701,0.0060481597,0.9615199,0.000216259,0.0006858213,0.00010662753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016571184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016899538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029473512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005285962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057107944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37154517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993240218","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20385","title":"A theoretical and experimental study of the crossflow microfiltration process of silica particles in an aqueous suspension","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Microfiltration; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Microporous material; Particle (ecology); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.005531973351121064,"score_gpt":0.2226596703291446,"score_spread":0.21712769697802353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993240218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996884,0.000018918163,0.0000024539463,0.0001386942,0.00003028311,0.000100502955,5.1581173e-7,0.0000027088697,0.000017546528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99987173,1.5470106e-7,0.00010561578,0.000007999375,0.000008008557,0.0000017152466,7.384627e-8,0.000004289346,3.9377358e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999501,0.000015128619,0.00020519641,0.000057518926,0.00012426189,0.000096926844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969023,0.00003494243,0.0000705321,0.0001200156,0.000012572969,0.0000716839],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019475308,0.000052529525,0.00009287936,0.000026239604,0.00002690855,0.000013205507,0.00022632093,0.00004087496,0.00006170694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015456746,0.000032357682,0.000015555328,0.00011214263,0.00033018514,0.000080757716,0.00002255185,0.00020426337,2.1008024e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010487978,0.000038345723,0.005947978,0.000002831088,0.0000018827765,0.0000019070806,0.001774263,0.0029451076,0.98886377,0.0002795088,0.0000018644147,0.00013203053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001934947,0.00008662292,0.004745319,0.000009746107,0.0000041001863,0.000031141586,0.00041375312,0.0058725397,0.98831034,0.00029614716,0.00000111185,0.00003569721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039457032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017995511,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002927432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030424013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002995865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1319508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993504095","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.048","title":"The effect of phase inversion promoters on the structure and performance of polyetherimide hollow fiber membrane using in gas–liquid contacting process","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Materials science; Phase inversion; Porosity; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemical engineering; Spinning; Solvent; Methanol; Fiber; Polymer; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0190557875661035,"score_gpt":0.2692873047804988,"score_spread":0.2502315172143953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993504095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990312,0.00003612958,0.0000026620053,0.00014429772,0.000085265834,0.00026385402,0.0000013112543,0.000005437783,0.0004298633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996593,0.000035343135,0.00026042233,0.000021777398,0.0000074061554,9.1124474e-7,5.5224042e-8,0.000006185048,0.000008587302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981855,0.00012759927,0.00045819546,0.00017741861,0.0008154022,0.00023588624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986735,0.00022689182,0.0007359138,0.00024556086,0.000052900017,0.00006520887],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029310465,0.00013701351,0.00025189537,0.00013302118,0.0002110132,0.000022141074,0.000756586,0.00005333905,0.00009828755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006705161,0.00006866204,0.000041100284,0.000730169,0.0013426329,0.0006451795,0.00011858743,0.00029594696,0.0000012927366],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013202832,0.00003020173,0.003195644,0.000052171887,0.0000058760147,0.000003964981,0.001709891,0.0015200939,0.9881416,0.0000070121364,0.0000028816687,0.0040103947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008968791,0.0020922546,0.00084067334,0.00015430091,0.00001459941,0.00005597753,0.0005500942,0.006031844,0.98925334,0.000029570789,0.000006850845,0.000073635245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047460275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010022173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00451175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090545276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007544576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4946987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993703622","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.01.3","title":"Control of Membrane Surface Roughness and Pattern Wave Length by Changing the Nonsolvent (Water) Influx Rate","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Surface roughness; Surface finish; Membrane; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014832538665934617,"score_gpt":0.2458896916867442,"score_spread":0.2310571530208096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993703622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867043,0.0005968525,0.006116085,0.0059613297,0.00012026672,0.00026889626,0.0000075570933,0.000047838603,0.00017686571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988972,0.0004075764,0.00024829537,0.00023451581,0.00002216641,0.000006646222,0.000003295428,0.000012787175,0.00016753808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998381,0.00013880702,0.0006518226,0.00021348137,0.00032599972,0.0002889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895227,0.00011068146,0.0005033569,0.00026527036,0.00008664797,0.00008179511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013519234,0.00019416332,0.0004342192,0.00019284905,0.00013422708,0.000038476835,0.00028236563,0.00023329089,0.00008299221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014582471,0.000121569465,0.00004932946,0.00032647434,0.0005000956,0.00038730187,0.0001647727,0.00032379577,0.0000148348845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001966723,0.00010783565,0.0037368303,0.000045321834,0.00012828237,0.000025833817,0.0019667104,0.004805077,0.9794735,0.00037942192,0.0011722761,0.007962262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002396657,0.00060203136,0.00023594388,0.000033781544,0.00008138286,0.00030083445,0.002187996,0.0077224714,0.97774374,0.00091753085,0.0075585516,0.00021906105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028487855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019999748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012192871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005049394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019732379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49574587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995644394","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.007","title":"Novel electrokinetic approach reduces membrane fouling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Electrokinetic phenomena; Chemistry; Membrane; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.069312957059526,"score_gpt":0.31800969050285205,"score_spread":0.24869673344332605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995644394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9180638,0.00001902014,0.00052413036,0.0018378302,0.000026340436,0.00054589036,5.090988e-7,0.00014924988,0.07883321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98468405,0.000016261918,0.0058346847,0.000037547426,0.00003355661,0.00022025242,0.0000087290755,0.000017651642,0.009147268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977682,0.000083271996,0.00017668334,0.00040708366,0.00081498094,0.00074975577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994434,0.000023020826,0.000015357436,0.00040401102,0.00002787957,0.000086289605],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00088035007,0.00010979742,0.00011383563,0.00012349161,0.00021948294,0.00015636666,0.0006971016,0.000094311035,0.0058539696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008486376,0.000072152594,0.000029958164,0.00035740767,0.00038996173,0.0002915171,0.0005255412,0.0003981767,0.009293288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004412137,0.000058338373,0.0001427747,0.0000082876695,0.000004103945,8.125247e-7,0.00023666622,0.00035134083,0.9936949,0.00010197667,0.0025014996,0.0028949003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015428127,0.000064138,0.0008133306,0.000003198855,0.0000012330597,0.000011038362,0.0002054835,0.0037739016,0.98916954,0.0010894198,0.004596846,0.00011758004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000751047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008416412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.069685936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001003101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006925454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99505484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995779252","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2011.09.035","title":"Pervaporative desalination of water using natural zeolite membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Water Research Institute","keywords":"Clinoptilolite; Zeolite; Desalination; Membrane; Seawater; Salinity; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.04451848299327916,"score_gpt":0.26084824815912366,"score_spread":0.2163297651658445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995779252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905191,0.00003617702,0.0030927088,0.00006303602,0.00013532738,0.00021436883,0.0000025603308,0.00010892239,0.0058277985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99046284,0.000009364249,0.009156464,0.000034140034,0.000012365081,0.000009732834,0.000030046223,0.00001172169,0.00027333322],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998989,0.00007079233,0.00027875148,0.0002165662,0.00027940914,0.00016549924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956477,0.000018508414,0.0001436897,0.00019266269,0.00005564681,0.000024698535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003120166,0.00011690407,0.00012639948,0.00010324751,0.00008368726,0.000011689596,0.00017397985,0.00009427533,0.0007714029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007534483,0.00009044484,0.00004349934,0.00022588635,0.00019208239,0.0006242988,0.000083405874,0.00008406289,0.00012602592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064542204,0.00014579493,0.014366739,0.00006492633,0.000023037474,0.0000041938933,0.009213811,0.0012079198,0.96095,0.0065204785,0.000068200585,0.007370346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020719436,0.00004373564,0.01711759,0.000008433019,0.000015181063,0.000005136463,0.00026467515,0.015713032,0.9615069,0.0047522583,0.0002278022,0.00013806099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022445577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042530923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014505113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102687096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061155038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8446321},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995790844","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.009","title":"Start-up period investigation of pilot-scale submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) treating raw municipal wastewater","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Fouling; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Pilot plant; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.01482049840971418,"score_gpt":0.2142629682516722,"score_spread":0.19944246984195801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995790844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99267924,0.000039189203,0.000013177589,0.0004824091,0.0000713657,0.00044277872,0.0000030589397,0.00019136349,0.006077408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932551,0.000015215042,0.0030400855,0.00006861439,0.000022795306,0.00008648067,0.000031811152,0.000029095243,0.0034508235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841976,0.00005203082,0.00041548474,0.00038585713,0.00033010571,0.00039675733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907696,0.000028684568,0.0002050768,0.000555932,0.00002504003,0.00010831184],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014885217,0.00023204258,0.000281059,0.000016023001,0.00011545262,0.00004272086,0.00037999326,0.00013320391,0.012549514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000072971314,0.00019939676,0.00006639688,0.00031884914,0.00039640468,0.00047493936,0.00016295433,0.0001915804,0.00069903064],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021093205,0.00003531304,0.020495517,0.000030116427,0.000011435795,6.0224806e-7,0.0012508043,0.00009615926,0.97485113,0.000016359483,0.0016497524,0.0015417015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004884937,0.00015799965,0.013282571,0.00001655857,0.000015196522,0.0000041076105,0.0011009481,0.0016080545,0.98231786,0.00032954154,0.00045646355,0.00022221434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013617848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002815721,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011850483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012770235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015448992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98835313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996936466","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.043","title":"Correlations between trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and sludge properties in submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) and conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Correlation coefficient; Bioreactor; Fouling; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017849435084272135,"score_gpt":0.22584371645153953,"score_spread":0.2079942813672674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996936466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99223626,0.0020036686,0.00008755862,0.0027886683,0.00009880382,0.0009916783,0.000070777656,0.00076902716,0.00095357903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99792665,0.00031740838,0.0006188764,0.0000763639,0.00006434058,0.00017805836,0.00005795942,0.000058677684,0.0007016441],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969519,0.00013029056,0.0006914273,0.00078720594,0.00043236106,0.0010068561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998778,0.000117372205,0.0002502651,0.00060370186,0.000024942537,0.00022573725],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005149223,0.0005103141,0.00063915603,0.0006426097,0.00026623846,0.00004878117,0.0005300001,0.0008914196,0.00075609726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002594924,0.0004586321,0.000082277074,0.0010615911,0.0017710744,0.00052678003,0.00033854827,0.00074585184,0.00010102093],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059667887,0.00020800976,0.4144653,0.00007867246,0.000067955654,0.0000045040415,0.00044563584,0.000014273375,0.58024114,0.0012413797,0.0002522355,0.0029212192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002334312,0.00030613178,0.32479122,0.000075388205,0.00021327911,0.00012785802,0.00061061315,0.00046207884,0.58718306,0.00037407936,0.08246758,0.0010543674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021326412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011344929,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08967406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011041048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026082622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998401822","doi":"10.4314/wsa.v33i1.48787","title":"Removal of zinc ions from aqueous solution using micellar- enhanced ultrafiltration at low surfactant concentrations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water SA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Critical micelle concentration; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Micelle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Adsorption; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Langmuir adsorption model; Inorganic chemistry; Zinc; Chromatography; Membrane; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Nuclear chemistry; Metal; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015021700466789235,"score_gpt":0.2303143609966761,"score_spread":0.21529266052988685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998401822","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888073,0.000028326702,0.00848121,0.00025346267,0.00010466832,0.00020733663,0.000018515973,0.000102733204,0.0019964036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932566,0.000023849068,0.006226702,0.000068551235,0.000018613284,0.000002204062,0.000090950394,0.0000060565158,0.00030646217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989683,0.000043676493,0.0002897345,0.00025158937,0.00021948267,0.00022720621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995609,0.000020809232,0.00009414451,0.00027156854,0.000013083956,0.000039514754],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008223613,0.00011624066,0.00013301746,0.000025173389,0.00016526383,0.000020665047,0.00014849921,0.000103286686,0.001001021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020724594,0.00009621191,0.000044830856,0.00010162636,0.00013391886,0.000224059,0.000040849074,0.00007133576,0.00023011498],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016861288,0.00004137339,0.00021707341,0.0000015110252,0.0000043465693,0.000005323541,0.00064873707,0.0045035114,0.99338204,0.000030440027,0.00009454907,0.0010542353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019202422,0.000043181142,0.0025235107,0.000010309016,0.000013830254,0.000014321034,0.00004707515,0.007077005,0.9890475,0.0005786721,0.00032800523,0.00012456671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003247441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025626514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004449268,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020448347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009777601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998675481","doi":"10.1002/app.34809","title":"Novel surface modifying macromolecules (SMMs) blended polysulfone gas separation membranes by phase inversion technique","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Phase inversion; Materials science; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Solvent; Gas separation; Casting; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.022242134651216397,"score_gpt":0.26892777355389685,"score_spread":0.24668563890268047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998675481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95662063,0.00019384967,0.028555378,0.00023512605,0.0001510834,0.00030789536,0.0000072500025,0.000092008464,0.013836785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841949,0.00006438201,0.015409116,0.00017761975,0.00001616328,0.000007733069,0.0000013987353,0.0000151379645,0.00011355426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99752426,0.000022792323,0.00058338355,0.00040627932,0.0010241399,0.0004391315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868166,0.000033231016,0.00064999843,0.0003855929,0.000044115644,0.0002053855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010205968,0.00023280483,0.0002796963,0.00021594421,0.0003460848,0.00007949291,0.0011561688,0.00012307594,0.0004622639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024959149,0.00019943721,0.00007449326,0.0011388463,0.0010643282,0.0010391104,0.0002835854,0.00030013712,0.000087306136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012397837,0.00022139652,0.00004598707,0.000006598337,0.00000694024,0.000006543345,0.0005897934,0.00011557432,0.99467283,0.0005526101,0.0004714485,0.0031862669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077124865,0.00018270839,0.000036086192,0.0000147216015,0.000019427058,0.0001009831,0.00038884234,0.001292157,0.99613994,0.0006303265,0.00019468558,0.00022884774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011076738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000051329666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027574271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018227405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011165858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81328136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999073760","doi":"10.1007/s11356-014-2858-z","title":"Fluoride removal from aqueous solution by direct contact membrane distillation: theoretical and experimental studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Current Water Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Mass transfer; Chemistry; Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane; Aqueous solution; Thermal diffusivity; Concentration polarization; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Permeation; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Knudsen diffusion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.023716583691318877,"score_gpt":0.3198095863437574,"score_spread":0.29609300265243854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999073760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99124765,0.0011821218,0.00007529864,0.0015896477,0.000082253704,0.00029264105,0.000028276454,0.000059840622,0.0054422854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985197,0.0005838831,0.00036177947,0.00014978723,0.00004257458,0.000027254717,0.0000110289775,0.0000091599195,0.00029478944],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970176,0.00023859362,0.00021881418,0.00069978804,0.0013282835,0.0004968817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992551,0.00019477833,0.00005279671,0.00028329136,0.000008037338,0.00020594994],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020075694,0.00016836947,0.00018344312,0.00008935114,0.0011193034,0.00010933422,0.00027212125,0.00008748076,0.00089242874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038684672,0.00014141055,0.00002154116,0.00032868885,0.0077454885,0.00052266195,0.0006881383,0.00021148393,0.00018611898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049831553,0.000054830896,0.0017853956,0.0000023918758,0.000006186569,0.0000029627602,0.00048129764,0.000017046048,0.97901106,0.0019552582,0.0014328441,0.0152009195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000800612,0.00056056253,0.028187135,0.000021475822,0.0000115216935,0.000040548905,0.0024238632,0.010492459,0.9299073,0.0030016573,0.024132628,0.00042022258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002570086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013231314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049103722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052709243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014038916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9949549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999545766","doi":"10.1080/10934529.2011.562860","title":"Development of a bench-scale immersed ultrafiltration apparatus for coagulation pretreatment experiments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Alum; Flocculation; Turbidity; Aeration; Process engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.07981804782082243,"score_gpt":0.3199451655179881,"score_spread":0.24012711769716566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999545766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997623,0.00010688168,0.0010217712,0.00009815765,0.00012347521,0.0004442202,0.0000043202213,0.0000057135967,0.0005724543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96285754,0.00010191917,0.03686532,0.000100622165,0.000012919262,0.000020351528,0.000002265482,0.0000043397085,0.000034739955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843717,0.000016853319,0.0005789394,0.00019224777,0.0005391096,0.0002356894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991549,0.000012129811,0.00055950496,0.00011300321,0.000013116761,0.00014730217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010209157,0.00010231478,0.00018576752,0.00007757399,0.0002778336,0.000010845552,0.00016936359,0.00003851072,0.00026758385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017838123,0.00008324825,0.000032530756,0.0001447699,0.00046163733,0.00047536189,0.00005372073,0.000053409454,0.00000875197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017805534,0.00091214984,0.05232668,0.00003274918,0.000023538949,0.0000010597582,0.021040482,0.000089836314,0.84698623,0.000102482125,0.0009699182,0.07733679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089274906,0.0010908546,0.3437197,0.00003589448,0.000012302837,0.000014882212,0.0031356176,0.0002367099,0.6469626,0.00012083479,0.003627738,0.0001501733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016753726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019793986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.291393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042660267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101725316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3394765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000468286","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0093","title":"Direct biofiltration pretreatment for fouling control of ultrafiltration membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Turbidity; Membrane; Chemistry; Water treatment; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Biofouling; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.007867961199457733,"score_gpt":0.23174278161596426,"score_spread":0.22387482041650653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000468286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97124255,0.000050030743,0.025293017,0.0006554359,0.0001865059,0.0007638984,0.000017202367,0.00015596751,0.0016353859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969649,0.00004257808,0.00232052,0.00009762309,0.00007086854,0.00015738362,0.00007993649,0.000014643907,0.00025154543],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987728,0.000089276626,0.0003153766,0.00018810418,0.00028455493,0.00034988282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991477,0.00022906864,0.00038545456,0.00016475258,0.000028834615,0.000044191747],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005778611,0.00013371934,0.00023547976,0.000052283576,0.00010695275,0.000029482893,0.00009940312,0.00008800769,0.00014299456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018855886,0.00010401941,0.00008327841,0.00021258568,0.00008155751,0.00054230914,0.000015305315,0.00005571959,0.00006132527],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010377012,0.00024641008,0.3856195,0.000020679714,0.00013468675,9.586497e-8,0.0020141806,0.0077797193,0.57401496,0.0000866547,0.0006066833,0.029372685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006046994,0.00018979104,0.027747378,0.000010947299,0.00009304526,5.2077985e-7,0.000327161,0.0020447667,0.9670894,0.00009129291,0.0016010774,0.00019991148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020351163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003596903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39307448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003904697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046420796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42417884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000618945","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.07.014","title":"Flux enhancement using oscillatory motion and turbulence promoters","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Oscillation (cell signaling); Amplitude; Turbulence; Vortex; Mechanics; Physics; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Optics; Chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03420141714315891,"score_gpt":0.2525188378894748,"score_spread":0.2183174207463159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000618945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925649,0.0000530354,0.0031738398,0.00008789413,0.0002748647,0.000115012415,3.0863092e-7,0.000018086426,0.0037120555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795789,0.000042523283,0.020193543,0.00006813528,0.000016869573,8.2757344e-7,4.3277236e-8,0.000004835552,0.00009428332],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983414,0.000032162465,0.00036336124,0.0002491812,0.0007542562,0.00025962904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992146,0.000016132526,0.00037071932,0.00021611505,0.000046406498,0.00013604031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014791792,0.0001123944,0.00015295534,0.00016643571,0.00020504501,0.000042376174,0.0005336032,0.000043658943,0.00080464093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001898713,0.00008871805,0.000034218032,0.00052237307,0.0011989988,0.0012318299,0.00019818165,0.00015415293,0.000038163238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016469416,0.000045384753,0.002340148,0.000009854522,0.0000030412605,0.000011027712,0.0009088903,0.00030130582,0.9867273,0.00008018292,0.00003052407,0.009525885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023701151,0.00022016521,0.011773317,0.000037282825,0.000013361199,0.00024006334,0.00025968993,0.0042864312,0.98202854,0.0005652919,0.00019268494,0.00014614062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025077154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025284028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017019704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017509023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050114762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88102543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000666468","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2010.01.001","title":"Negatively charged polyethersulfone hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane for the removal of bisphenol A from wastewater","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Bisphenol A; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Bisphenol; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Epoxy","score_opus":0.014101986821957896,"score_gpt":0.2582670417745518,"score_spread":0.24416505495259389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000666468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817521,0.0001858468,0.004935582,0.00947219,0.00020168332,0.0011228538,0.000047044705,0.00025989467,0.0020228045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98069197,0.00008866263,0.016170107,0.000094764735,0.000034406057,0.00027257757,0.000066310764,0.000016550746,0.0025646435],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988437,0.00003592064,0.00037940175,0.00037624087,0.00018304911,0.00018165617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989334,0.00015889661,0.00029259254,0.0005366664,0.000047919326,0.000030556206],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028646542,0.00015849092,0.00018351976,0.00011948917,0.0002457012,0.00002570464,0.00032480957,0.00032638898,0.001301828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021308358,0.00011906965,0.000045756336,0.0004263935,0.0006061062,0.00023954772,0.0000555256,0.00020672522,0.00015457597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006593886,0.00003623855,0.0001679521,0.000004831224,0.000018186991,2.394348e-7,0.00034024275,0.000040099752,0.96223086,0.008527848,0.00060595834,0.027961606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005849702,0.000080364225,0.0015518321,0.0000036053534,0.00002738366,0.000013028185,0.00033036416,0.0029496583,0.9140752,0.00668639,0.07354847,0.00014872047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000088565925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001587111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07294252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001892788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018417815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000957007","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.123","title":"Treatment of kraft evaporator condensate using a thermophilic submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biogas; Fouling; Effluent; Kraft paper; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Methane; Evaporator; Membrane; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01772640404095025,"score_gpt":0.25831413871335207,"score_spread":0.24058773467240183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000957007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976068,0.00001627104,0.00005322522,0.00081311987,0.00029523767,0.00039514847,0.000005735523,0.0003942854,0.00042015445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99639165,0.00001453812,0.0033641898,0.000023419501,0.0000121472385,0.000035972487,0.0000022732388,0.000016472879,0.00013931295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978217,0.000020449039,0.0003784388,0.0006903362,0.00040564622,0.00068342034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986024,0.000010940201,0.00016026162,0.0010878945,0.00004409228,0.00009441879],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031613663,0.0002541133,0.0003297903,0.00066907634,0.00026507035,0.000033509303,0.0010965052,0.00028075313,0.00081015547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006877793,0.00016678675,0.00006275365,0.00184889,0.0050092638,0.00038636156,0.0003650703,0.00019038716,0.0002604917],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064162655,0.00009709885,0.00665348,0.0000024619198,0.0000051003744,0.0000097180155,0.00027036562,0.000052485495,0.9905692,0.00044502938,0.0000031740237,0.0018854836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034027628,0.0002664941,0.00083525595,0.0000024460953,0.000014311371,0.00005796446,0.00011481576,0.001029829,0.99451715,0.00095741235,0.0016606103,0.0002034455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023404688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016945884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005818224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019172943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006207868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99769855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001297782","doi":"10.1081/ss-120027996","title":"Dependence of Performance of Poly(Sulfone‐co‐Amide) Membranes on Compositional Variation of Casting Solution and Coagulation Media—Development of Reverse Osmosis and Nano Filtration Membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Solvent; Sulfone; Polymer chemistry; Phase inversion; Polyamide; Choline chloride; Solubility; Terephthaloyl chloride; Acetone; Condensation polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01998637761825867,"score_gpt":0.2661086910230518,"score_spread":0.24612231340479312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001297782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961748,0.00009373441,0.0029971588,0.00023518693,0.000033363296,0.00023630021,0.000007819633,0.000030675626,0.00019093724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98743147,0.00011969132,0.012407094,0.000009678291,0.0000031581205,0.000010703914,0.000010052738,0.0000035763667,0.0000045667807],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838716,0.000022680313,0.0005674504,0.0003156824,0.00056451646,0.00014250434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901354,0.00008135579,0.00054612366,0.0001737529,0.00015647832,0.000028731134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074108545,0.000118825286,0.00023334016,0.0004382112,0.00021280156,0.000009502503,0.00015270105,0.00014202531,0.000016424941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002613942,0.00011447883,0.000012114971,0.00090965146,0.0016461205,0.0006547582,0.00009263541,0.000072726136,0.0000015823325],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040593208,0.000046058423,0.007654334,0.00008751164,0.000004745976,1.022259e-7,0.0009718754,0.0013365295,0.9800887,0.0035731494,8.304397e-7,0.006195563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036578078,0.00022156606,0.06675955,0.00007515723,0.00001153744,0.000014154418,0.00030609677,0.003732985,0.92732495,0.001084191,0.00000991717,0.00009411148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070275695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006682988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059105214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065589054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000104538645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60651994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002034085","doi":"10.2166/wst.2006.707","title":"Characterization of fouled membranes from a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal system","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Microanalysis; Chromatography; Biofouling; Membrane technology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008449746903425414,"score_gpt":0.20782650733654306,"score_spread":0.19937676043311764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002034085","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99128187,0.000025684809,0.002883804,0.0005157193,0.00024021458,0.00037740194,0.000013269284,0.0009343626,0.0037276829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963112,0.000024192022,0.0032944954,0.00002990667,0.00002202959,0.000057888923,0.000032817352,0.00001259568,0.00021488249],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974393,0.000038311693,0.00056374073,0.0008329217,0.000499531,0.00062619435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988869,0.000021906666,0.00022046875,0.0007745798,0.000048198013,0.000047940677],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045358058,0.00024263482,0.00039273346,0.00044593107,0.00025904586,0.000042028503,0.0013655241,0.00034936582,0.00039619458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007315983,0.0001682479,0.00005881121,0.0018116394,0.0030017463,0.00042440335,0.0006506724,0.00017594857,0.0004783871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021921445,0.000048463313,0.0017897356,0.000007583723,0.000002733174,0.000012137776,0.00009022597,0.00008058373,0.994363,0.0015968313,0.0000039370475,0.0019828319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028319488,0.00009220937,0.0024605694,0.000016773267,0.000007861959,0.000032975502,0.00017201898,0.0005312905,0.9932803,0.0015452415,0.001357684,0.00021986687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042372252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032513555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0050293314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020751465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002312691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002048433","doi":"10.2166/wst.2013.780","title":"Performance of novel sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SB-AnMBR) treating prehydrolysis liquor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency","keywords":"Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Lignin; Furfural; Bioreactor; Black liquor; Dissolving pulp; Effluent; Xylose; Acetic acid; Waste management; Wastewater; Cellulose; Fermentation; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010791017539006903,"score_gpt":0.22137927645010852,"score_spread":0.2105882589111016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002048433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99410427,0.000012226521,0.00017916,0.0013002213,0.00010245145,0.00048979133,0.0000029080823,0.00058361556,0.0032253698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901334,0.000022630367,0.009099635,0.00005864778,0.000008919046,0.00013623855,0.0000033563415,0.000018125678,0.0005190314],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971896,0.000016286376,0.0005399421,0.0008146442,0.0005702411,0.0008692757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984904,0.00002546882,0.00021685284,0.0011084524,0.00006263704,0.00009617248],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046778438,0.0002823105,0.00037550187,0.00089199806,0.00038103206,0.000059512135,0.0018991135,0.00027632833,0.0013292328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001462564,0.00019779682,0.000067404275,0.0028261812,0.0037245585,0.0012236678,0.0009758865,0.0002584136,0.00094303844],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058801606,0.000095513176,0.016760215,0.000011126192,0.000005235286,8.408488e-7,0.00027390345,0.00052349403,0.97665393,0.000100917176,0.000027567248,0.0055413633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030881297,0.00029122105,0.0035746149,0.000015164605,0.000012290186,0.000021084314,0.00020076007,0.012377466,0.98249704,0.00009676507,0.00034890452,0.0002559027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037852456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039461505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013185601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019161297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029674617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002325958","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.029","title":"The effect of gel layer thickness on the salt rejection performance of polyelectrolyte gel-filled nanofiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Salt (chemistry); Polyelectrolyte; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Donnan potential; Microporous material; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Polymer; Electrolyte; Organic chemistry; Electrode","score_opus":0.0066716860119580305,"score_gpt":0.22743612823431247,"score_spread":0.22076444222235445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002325958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99279773,0.00011628557,0.000077194876,0.0012196628,0.00035905684,0.0003022254,0.0000010923025,0.00002125552,0.005105512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999218,0.00021790096,0.00014141404,0.00004406513,0.00006360251,0.0000076318365,3.019737e-7,0.000009404957,0.00029770634],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968366,0.00023453907,0.0007657871,0.000231645,0.001589604,0.0003418093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99746346,0.0007717196,0.0011233904,0.00048107875,0.00011533006,0.00004504484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0052277553,0.00018560069,0.00031071642,0.00017928246,0.00064520654,0.000066322464,0.0012265244,0.000084663094,0.00010938962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067496725,0.00009168275,0.00013411578,0.001322573,0.0016697536,0.00070268405,0.00009278788,0.00034011563,0.000021956956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003520549,0.000032702937,0.0025114915,0.000028966186,0.000007781558,0.0000010149842,0.00007550985,0.013317963,0.98089206,0.0005834243,0.00017236437,0.0020246347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043507956,0.0011774639,0.012977143,0.00005289233,0.000023123846,0.0000826276,0.000061388775,0.0041819485,0.980425,0.00018440443,0.00030103716,0.00009791417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000092170994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037077585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010465652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001320268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000090786765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61522764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002526915","doi":"10.1590/s1413-41522011000300008","title":"Avaliação da remoção de matéria orgânica carbonácea e nitrogenada de águas residuárias em biorreator de membranas","year":2011,"lang":"pt","type":"article","venue":"Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nalco (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Molecular biology; Nuclear chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.03775278239401196,"score_gpt":0.25102898733024925,"score_spread":0.21327620493623728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002526915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981669,0.001017479,0.0006563054,0.00027190338,0.001643532,0.001271905,0.00033142726,0.0007747513,0.012363706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9824574,0.00026942094,0.012652773,0.0005949101,0.0003007136,0.00014400283,0.000089550806,0.00022900458,0.0032622025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9920572,0.0009896443,0.001393453,0.0017929261,0.0011101282,0.0026566454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99578047,0.00026405376,0.00063346163,0.0022368128,0.00005896181,0.0010262589],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020846769,0.0011636994,0.00096964365,0.0003617293,0.0009135893,0.00033249924,0.0025188369,0.001175722,0.024194863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009205401,0.0012894019,0.00048578004,0.0011209636,0.0008798782,0.0007420296,0.0012619264,0.0013989445,0.005243103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017012794,0.0020390847,0.048779953,0.0002544537,0.001154617,0.002196449,0.062017556,0.00023321706,0.8293331,0.008778655,0.038593024,0.00491856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037016885,0.0012510989,0.08324904,0.0002383144,0.0010766656,0.0009355651,0.024900505,0.0043704133,0.86630917,0.005930446,0.005064496,0.002972587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021143612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0085932985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03711705,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002898464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00076364446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99895555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002926606","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.046","title":"Electrically-enhanced crossflow microfiltration for separation of lactoferrin from whey protein mixtures","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Chemistry; Permeation; Chromatography; Whey protein; Membrane; Lactoferrin; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Saturation (graph theory); Membrane technology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011571185536212863,"score_gpt":0.29401959984245873,"score_spread":0.2824484143062459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002926606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91757035,0.0000529883,0.080425665,0.00024725977,0.00017387628,0.00040421306,0.0000052543996,0.00002313917,0.0010972527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9675398,0.000015150442,0.03212781,0.00006291367,0.00006410642,0.0000056488157,0.00000191945,0.000007826334,0.00017482528],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976779,0.00003361429,0.0007738257,0.00027605426,0.000901661,0.0003369125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847263,0.00014405788,0.0008381989,0.00025082682,0.00018744779,0.00010683744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024074626,0.00013899856,0.00026086855,0.0002200973,0.00018856408,0.000067387664,0.00074113667,0.00010629653,0.00019460004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010660883,0.00011352217,0.00010007519,0.00089606765,0.0005842246,0.0009877535,0.000058512353,0.00019705447,0.000016583104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022093549,0.00006839388,0.00041823008,0.000009289792,0.0000054138736,0.0000015814832,0.0002479926,0.00078527996,0.9936946,0.00013721091,0.00017870913,0.0042323475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005333727,0.00036244854,0.0076138685,0.000023833189,0.000011337317,0.000010079099,0.000082844446,0.00055795594,0.9887497,0.0016157668,0.00031639583,0.00012241723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006096851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000089907444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049969446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018387088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011511521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46292996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003163190","doi":"10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60115-6","title":"Advanced regeneration and fixed-bed study of ammonium and potassium removal from anaerobic digested wastewater by natural zeolite","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","keywords":"Ammonium; Chemistry; Elution; Effluent; Clinoptilolite; Chromatography; Potassium; Wastewater; Zeolite; Ion exchange; Desorption; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Ion; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006256157871186982,"score_gpt":0.211387271570871,"score_spread":0.205131113699684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003163190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987748,0.000477319,0.0000054033744,0.00031183503,0.00009136952,0.00023989107,0.0000052098235,0.000008408492,0.00008574725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975684,0.0001525162,0.0020570315,0.00003902893,0.000014727353,0.000003706479,0.0000022727938,0.0000053893273,0.00015689178],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852526,0.00008049596,0.0004241834,0.00027013713,0.0005171209,0.00018279007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993331,0.00004987496,0.00039847393,0.00013102795,0.0000039091806,0.00008365254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024939337,0.00014222319,0.00021408875,0.000061867766,0.00016333054,0.0000703161,0.0002557674,0.00005171958,0.00033821544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023796132,0.000100181314,0.000026791757,0.00013074625,0.0007361312,0.0011150965,0.00019895524,0.00013233913,0.0000104459805],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000307202,0.00013106655,0.052938335,0.0000013243329,0.0000100917005,0.0000036929644,0.000500448,0.00019856259,0.9389268,0.0000018075145,0.00026002032,0.0069971145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013081327,0.0015378302,0.5030107,0.000016483058,0.000027402091,0.00006146747,0.005246105,0.00073333416,0.48735896,0.00025210064,0.00022685537,0.00022063336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024434133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043711236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45156786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006796487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004194805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40852752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003209434","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.04.030","title":"Study on structure and vacuum membrane distillation performance of PVDF membranes: II. Influence of molecular weight","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Vacuum distillation; Polymer; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Fluoride; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Distillation; Composite material; Desalination; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.007005513737826988,"score_gpt":0.20730283639452632,"score_spread":0.20029732265669933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003209434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995177,0.000043658823,0.00017785016,0.000030776322,0.00003868699,0.0000922921,0.0000019559482,0.000026683014,0.00007043345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985585,0.00001158963,0.0013917312,0.0000061907717,0.000013234553,0.0000015076783,8.976965e-7,0.000009084274,0.0000072560133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991161,0.000009356239,0.00027077968,0.00013005591,0.0003514025,0.00012229664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995902,0.000023955316,0.00011789316,0.00015648684,0.000024088531,0.000087340864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013774233,0.0001169543,0.00017865466,0.00005361342,0.000024379387,0.000007968745,0.00018223778,0.00006871994,0.000031144777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016105012,0.00009624587,0.000022437016,0.00017243985,0.00007899992,0.0001513101,0.000101669335,0.00021542405,0.00000183699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022336706,0.00003133154,0.0048751277,0.000026379548,0.00001033411,0.000003321024,0.00029532553,0.18449691,0.8100489,0.000016128552,0.0000075262983,0.00016641925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045444144,0.00021692581,0.011240414,0.000037056798,0.000013421126,0.00005044526,0.00004531503,0.0069379285,0.9808233,0.000044757264,0.000031633885,0.000104407525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021768562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.273656e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17755897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051197574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000084026415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39247927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003590793","doi":"10.5539/mas.v9n1p231","title":"Energy Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Console Desalination Plant with Low Temperature Distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Environmental science; Saline water; Distillation; Environmentally friendly; Process engineering; Seawater; Air conditioning; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Salinity; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.0030056723776302834,"score_gpt":0.17470934456934945,"score_spread":0.17170367219171917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003590793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86527115,0.000007376297,0.12520824,0.00010252572,0.00002508783,0.00016812152,0.000005313263,0.00010110583,0.009111078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958582,0.0000047152525,0.0038630797,0.00011721354,0.000008552827,0.000030480636,0.0000102939275,0.000009293403,0.00009815541],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984154,0.000015783704,0.00014200868,0.00056332746,0.0005948978,0.00026854285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994842,0.000033546927,0.000088962435,0.00029591282,0.000005471012,0.00009193492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032213022,0.00014946537,0.00010976251,0.000063165775,0.00039255313,0.00009933011,0.0002673024,0.000062403495,0.00005749709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016052247,0.00011684814,0.000009360576,0.0002638763,0.0012887813,0.00015700188,0.00017830374,0.000082906125,0.000040215804],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002182415,0.000035949448,0.000645845,0.0000033483623,0.0000012307851,6.669128e-7,0.00022331845,0.026079545,0.9543489,0.007892188,0.000037300393,0.0107098585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043741814,0.00010910456,0.015985072,0.000009625405,0.0000067104543,0.000015234602,0.000102547216,0.59363085,0.38655543,0.0016437488,0.0011924972,0.00031174213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019888317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000331329,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5677935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001288286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014295936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47649288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003712816","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2012.11.020","title":"Modification of activated sludge properties caused by application of continuous and intermittent current","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mixed liquor suspended solids; Activated sludge; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Volatile suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Suspended solids; Specific resistance; Bioreactor; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental science; Composite material","score_opus":0.09116840286472219,"score_gpt":0.3423515793962477,"score_spread":0.25118317653152555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003712816","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986726,0.00014004749,0.00024907003,0.00020053954,0.000013720332,0.00040913702,0.000003369264,0.000021537628,0.0002899871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99960566,0.000042694293,0.000033680848,0.0000019001377,0.000004401649,0.00008892408,0.000011818675,0.0000053564163,0.00020555862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991018,0.00008203778,0.00017199204,0.00013241007,0.0003078321,0.00020393652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996578,0.000009329524,0.000043198263,0.00022225048,0.000031854506,0.000035569672],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005416873,0.000052618496,0.00009113539,0.000058886817,0.000041116153,0.000007985719,0.00015786574,0.000040293235,0.00006539943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038468766,0.000034034645,0.000010706977,0.00011373396,0.00036877167,0.00016969374,0.00019930485,0.00010641261,0.00006695414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001661149,0.00009724232,0.013344024,0.00003612275,0.0000029503537,1.5111029e-8,0.00091720093,0.0000043478453,0.9599174,0.000041135823,0.0004317088,0.025191212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010495806,0.00004252015,0.01009763,0.00000808203,0.0000016771838,2.6292375e-7,0.00016715216,0.00025058084,0.9862884,0.00006695355,0.002931406,0.000040377414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020602925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034799468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02637097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004767227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002529921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13878925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003947504","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.12.043","title":"Monte Carlo simulation and experimental heat and mass transfer in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Mass transfer; Materials science; Membrane; Monte Carlo method; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Heat flux; Direct simulation Monte Carlo; Mechanics; Dynamic Monte Carlo method; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.011199349514552766,"score_gpt":0.2660490874625236,"score_spread":0.25484973794797083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003947504","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99627614,0.00027680807,0.0015640889,0.0008032847,0.0002742255,0.0001564482,0.000012827108,0.000015840655,0.0006203301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999336,0.00023599698,0.0002518508,0.00007174597,0.000050143823,0.00000431769,0.000001980482,0.0000104735245,0.000037457274],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894345,0.00003528486,0.00035890008,0.0001885437,0.00034748504,0.00012631409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971193,0.00010041813,0.000016082313,0.000064083455,0.000028177587,0.00007933106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000217095,0.00014317386,0.00020054438,0.00012705149,0.000049206057,0.00007106169,0.0001116279,0.000102763035,0.00024335217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002216586,0.00012111922,0.00004333232,0.000055885557,0.0001328427,0.0005626734,0.000015222756,0.00022557817,0.0000016907728],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042160822,0.00006072324,0.05632728,0.0000096334825,0.0000404326,0.00003486607,0.0009933936,0.015026718,0.924576,0.00015366322,0.000010835787,0.0023448854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008889909,0.00079880987,0.19558075,0.00015076587,0.00008595463,0.0003357217,0.0008784047,0.17626774,0.60946023,0.0006511101,0.0061404714,0.0007600926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012417643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022462883,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3151157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005523345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008199031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49390987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004723441","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2012.710409","title":"Membrane filtration of the liquid fraction from a solid–liquid separator for swine manure using a cationic polymer as flocculating agent","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chromatography; Chemistry; Flocculation; Polymer; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Manure; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015720977114571415,"score_gpt":0.270371574889614,"score_spread":0.25465059777504256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004723441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99441826,0.00023124336,0.0032195738,0.00061817054,0.00023430341,0.00075660826,0.000046129866,0.00014873296,0.0003269496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968557,0.000027835207,0.0024473045,0.00015230806,0.000069007154,0.00013707163,0.000046389527,0.000031382766,0.00023304197],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984046,0.000054168348,0.00045250295,0.0003744841,0.00031440545,0.00039979702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884987,0.000056131234,0.00040078026,0.0006371647,0.000003474015,0.000052601914],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017335624,0.00023301938,0.00024748544,0.00009633479,0.0002887028,0.000009899834,0.000397678,0.00036141466,0.0017895341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084243155,0.0002019394,0.00011191321,0.00029575665,0.00046211353,0.00038504935,0.000330943,0.00022329045,0.00020774694],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008437798,0.00014061347,0.005071629,0.0000059258073,0.000028755063,3.1507813e-7,0.00015805858,0.0010052777,0.9925409,0.0002761443,0.00006876661,0.0006192609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035283214,0.00022819664,0.0025692373,0.00001444847,0.000057886864,0.000018379424,0.00051633327,0.001803962,0.99212456,0.0002900945,0.0018154021,0.0002086583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014141339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023872111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025023916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044104853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013088073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005008813","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.008","title":"Modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes with poly(vinyl alcohol) for fouling control in drinking water treatment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Permeation; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Fluoride; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.06348026622721252,"score_gpt":0.33612696002286896,"score_spread":0.2726466937956564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005008813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99138457,0.000071677285,0.003275263,0.0032025303,0.000022934397,0.0012885546,0.0000045790907,0.00007257012,0.0006773039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99761873,0.00003787642,0.0013629127,0.000049061367,0.00003142716,0.00022823525,0.000052093907,0.000016725437,0.0006029537],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978092,0.00012904232,0.00038715085,0.00044759025,0.00059244677,0.000634591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993504,0.00006609579,0.000046815727,0.0004261877,0.000051224404,0.00005922269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010542313,0.00017204475,0.00024605932,0.00026229894,0.00018069707,0.000063171574,0.00031361054,0.00011453023,0.00021905832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043554905,0.00009987802,0.00005081166,0.00022709867,0.00019258971,0.0005676458,0.000035230292,0.00014715335,0.0000899275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033071905,0.00013974031,0.0025834176,0.00001601059,0.000011784278,0.000004016418,0.0012764779,0.00275998,0.98032725,0.00018620629,0.000012343852,0.012352083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00155681,0.00072093535,0.002516568,0.000021773047,0.000008863946,0.0000048528195,0.00019694146,0.0041864878,0.9884474,0.0016507795,0.00054756005,0.00014101433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008033834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032100896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0122110685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000304887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015935047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40729076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005453400","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.095","title":"Effects of temperature and temperature shock on the performance and microbial community structure of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Biogas; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic exercise; Pulp and paper industry; Effluent; Chemistry; Microbial population biology; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Botany; Ecology; Wastewater; Bacteria; Engineering","score_opus":0.007943042966553977,"score_gpt":0.18911907252111249,"score_spread":0.1811760295545585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005453400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99878716,0.00015194187,2.872192e-7,0.00032011463,0.000033742836,0.00043980867,0.000022166398,0.00013501024,0.00010978588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932444,0.000100650024,0.00040977786,0.00009326274,0.00000671523,0.0000107613305,0.000003699423,0.00001603679,0.000034681478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998992,0.00012429773,0.00024344708,0.0002591836,0.00013989529,0.00024112286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990246,0.0000960158,0.0001849534,0.00064117863,0.000017293012,0.000035909336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001589829,0.00023318618,0.0003343096,0.00017716402,0.00020576711,0.000008611562,0.00057549693,0.0005325884,0.000100925245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017722251,0.00015210705,0.000032031356,0.00057124527,0.001833199,0.000061793166,0.00041060572,0.00075548043,0.0000035066791],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068036374,0.00006575876,0.013953147,0.000093958704,0.000020170008,0.0000014010086,0.00073794543,0.0000018293663,0.9837894,0.00038442042,0.00028053529,0.0006034347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035097817,0.00041068348,0.10861605,0.000045196153,0.000021028494,0.000020076248,0.00039118205,0.000008292482,0.8896635,0.00011965424,0.0002200782,0.0001332861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013787222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009756759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0946629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023438857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67544985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005504142","doi":"10.1089/ees.2006.0264","title":"Novel Membrane Pretreatment to Increase the Efficiency of Ozonation-BioOxidation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Ozone; Wastewater; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Molar mass; Biochemical oxygen demand; Bleach; Biodegradation; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007736251124467533,"score_gpt":0.1934769163652231,"score_spread":0.18574066524075555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005504142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873103,0.000015708278,0.010825717,0.00015386543,0.00008251642,0.00034819468,0.000009193044,0.0000754644,0.0011790333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99199784,0.00001569874,0.0075700157,0.000050068254,0.0000085446645,0.000036697973,0.0000033248712,0.0000092533355,0.00030854953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840564,0.000007751047,0.00022875839,0.0003534998,0.00073812564,0.0002662468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993356,0.00005744661,0.00007236418,0.00043430555,0.0000030961075,0.000097175245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031690116,0.00014411306,0.00010489481,0.000102766266,0.00026099914,0.000013271858,0.0006302088,0.000032623055,0.00038650195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015741354,0.000110273824,0.000034805173,0.00071631843,0.00073956104,0.00031818094,0.0002954026,0.00007842754,0.00024851944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003410876,0.000093217444,0.0029848514,0.0000019199178,0.0000021101082,0.0000011309222,0.00037914418,0.112126775,0.88375515,0.00009906073,0.00003338169,0.000519878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020410483,0.000104303916,0.14966185,0.0000068851964,0.00000584722,0.000038038543,0.000076797514,0.019586284,0.82942665,0.0000063278453,0.0007023049,0.00018061718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000104734005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031371517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.146677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003223051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015240149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4496836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005541263","doi":"10.3390/membranes4030319","title":"Filtration Behaviour and Fouling Mechanisms of Polysaccharides","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Fouling; Calcium; Polysaccharide; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011120351377725496,"score_gpt":0.22485323859022868,"score_spread":0.2137328872125032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005541263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98704076,0.000022794236,0.010006372,0.00023670617,0.000053839158,0.00010128428,0.0000014521298,0.00009587647,0.0024409217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99528784,0.000018114293,0.004385763,0.00006085106,0.0000083427,0.000008074508,0.000002050706,0.0000065917975,0.00022236508],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993893,0.000025420904,0.00015549107,0.00016833445,0.0001564122,0.00010503635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996771,0.000047526577,0.000075637734,0.0001683668,0.000004934871,0.000026415935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021188612,0.00007748519,0.00011077739,0.000034854686,0.000060677154,0.000015037307,0.00011788957,0.00005861625,0.0005265149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088898116,0.00006893283,0.000019978614,0.00009450243,0.000106602034,0.00015843713,0.00006398442,0.0000461529,0.000044953827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000651583,0.000020505624,0.010754837,0.000026139289,0.0000030112342,4.738854e-7,0.0001846645,0.00037776705,0.9758738,0.0057202308,0.000060842733,0.006971191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013608244,0.000063597276,0.014058762,0.0000075339403,0.000010447125,0.000005852503,0.00012309216,0.002605125,0.97145677,0.011272601,0.00016191948,0.000098198594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014346537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057070447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008247093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000887027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001966718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5764969},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005981686","doi":"10.1007/s10965-014-0386-7","title":"Analysis of Polyetherimide/N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone/nonsolvent phase separation behavior","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Cloud point; Materials science; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Methanol; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Composite material","score_opus":0.0689111258054941,"score_gpt":0.44265881370453053,"score_spread":0.37374768789903645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005981686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951664,0.00025125008,0.0021554148,0.000498747,0.00006943759,0.00013553115,0.0000074229556,0.000012520341,0.0017032573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984529,0.00005738187,0.0005295342,0.000031582338,0.000042386342,0.000009286433,0.000002877333,0.000011397101,0.00086265843],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970008,0.0004434239,0.0006864242,0.00018879744,0.0013600904,0.0003204283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998637,0.00026854582,0.00043427697,0.00041561262,0.00010598608,0.00013855094],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030224505,0.00011132416,0.00038214237,0.00090163876,0.000113216935,0.000036046946,0.00058034674,0.00010789197,0.0029950733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035580143,0.00009044114,0.00024308384,0.0017989689,0.00042056065,0.00027832598,0.00016054344,0.00041819958,0.00009269662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014648256,0.0005427887,0.013979762,0.0000060384527,0.0001890576,0.000009468898,0.0004701609,0.0007091624,0.9447922,0.00019438562,0.0011199188,0.03784059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008253762,0.0009021795,0.012192583,0.000012064562,0.00032591002,0.000014504241,0.00037541203,0.002755121,0.9800375,0.00015361,0.002283675,0.0001220693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002876407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008926631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037718523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001357092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004067579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99791634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006467323","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22117","title":"Advanced tools for fluid and fouling layer characterization applied to the description of membrane fouling phenomena for particle‐organic matter mixtures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"CHIST-ERA","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Particle deposition; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Deposition (geology); Organic matter; Chemistry; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Geology; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012619275457537627,"score_gpt":0.1921697925907077,"score_spread":0.17955051713317008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006467323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9153731,0.000017819988,0.082697876,0.0015589448,0.00006155912,0.0002615473,0.000003844013,0.000007461379,0.000017841212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996908,0.0000013198829,0.0027208326,0.00024085218,0.00008163341,0.000021869046,0.0000025434201,0.000013045486,0.000009868545],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994421,0.0000058877513,0.00022198704,0.00007808098,0.000083152234,0.00016878256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954975,0.00014332563,0.00008968283,0.00010595664,0.00001900893,0.000092279515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031743076,0.000075388496,0.0001221376,0.000027635657,0.00006649646,0.000045704855,0.00018531256,0.000038515547,0.00003077666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003259332,0.000051610405,0.000030043977,0.00008837942,0.000037161935,0.00013483697,0.00001684721,0.00007674596,0.0000024360047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018044879,0.0000015701298,0.00003362444,0.000018168681,0.0000066717243,4.3311484e-8,0.0002511934,0.02143104,0.97505426,0.00016914007,0.000023199276,0.0029930426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024507658,0.00002893254,0.0004036252,0.00002105905,0.000017083652,0.0000050524272,0.000024419758,0.02295149,0.9746342,0.00014336198,0.001453682,0.00007205301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000168716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004019862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08153493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006965274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012336086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21046112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006638306","doi":"10.1081/ese-200060651","title":"Removal of Phenolic Compounds in Water by Ultrafiltration Membrane Treatments","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02105487639742394,"score_gpt":0.2832243224247501,"score_spread":0.26216944602732617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006638306","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99549735,0.00020515031,0.000009528391,0.0028219728,0.000043583615,0.00014519118,0.000003894178,0.0000047847716,0.0012685532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99754167,0.0008930922,0.0009237163,0.000460206,0.000020434472,0.0000022266581,0.0000021048374,0.000004133495,0.00015244437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983088,0.000034529952,0.0005492708,0.00017884256,0.00063349836,0.00029505385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994651,0.000013632944,0.00026593465,0.00011819309,0.0000036727845,0.00013346098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011845892,0.00010032498,0.00021408948,0.00010112559,0.00013993536,0.000016250526,0.00021819801,0.000052327243,0.000430661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011321086,0.000070637674,0.000026182886,0.00017367715,0.00069623446,0.0007093752,0.000064078355,0.00015154085,0.00003516987],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028468909,0.0003491503,0.017021757,0.000007768612,0.0000042987986,0.000006359546,0.0012418621,0.00033259694,0.95688635,0.000015928897,0.0011493446,0.022956135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023191045,0.001397609,0.17794295,0.00006127849,0.000015438069,0.0006288081,0.0010279609,0.0006293066,0.7562289,0.00019082514,0.059268944,0.00028884766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005728336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044122367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2006574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005355937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031520252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47154358},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007008015","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.039","title":"Biopolymer fouling in dead-end ultrafiltration of treated domestic wastewater","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Backwashing; Wastewater; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Polymer; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0416792141817228,"score_gpt":0.33731779184002986,"score_spread":0.29563857765830703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007008015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937948,0.0000046352056,0.000009413475,0.0004158662,0.00004090205,0.00023481158,0.0000016601225,0.000041051524,0.0054568555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99812156,0.000005590758,0.00037529445,0.0000060385355,0.000011787614,0.000033628043,0.000011862929,0.000010216125,0.0014240063],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856853,0.000093772105,0.00023083891,0.0002529694,0.00045538245,0.00039847946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954957,0.000037773276,0.000019266909,0.0003301972,0.000016957625,0.000046229954],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008693327,0.000082639395,0.00010992379,0.00021697883,0.000071028146,0.000030546085,0.0002975457,0.00011503658,0.0038692632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108620785,0.000054696247,0.000021654974,0.00035504068,0.00048049062,0.00019618243,0.00014082286,0.00038114176,0.00094459316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019380537,0.00004468262,0.019373933,0.000008021061,0.0000018731728,0.000008430445,0.00046222913,0.00007725879,0.97860295,0.00005647651,0.00006638682,0.0012783759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021729151,0.000060681174,0.008175722,0.000006040214,0.0000011371775,0.00000576749,0.00009974822,0.00043030025,0.98977965,0.0007156354,0.00043702056,0.000071001734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015295215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085150736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01119821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041400508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007580334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007561022","doi":"10.1002/app.12231","title":"Study on surface modification by surface‐modifying macromolecules and its applications in membrane‐separation processes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer; Macromolecule; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface modification; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polyurethane; Pervaporation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Permeation","score_opus":0.024631951461504972,"score_gpt":0.296455880284942,"score_spread":0.27182392882343703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007561022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99352527,0.00036937016,0.00034818254,0.000114527626,0.00003056058,0.00051092275,0.0000027048713,0.000024520403,0.0050739516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931747,0.00007446854,0.0004722429,0.000043313263,0.0000041192948,0.000016938326,8.5821995e-7,0.000008663075,0.000061956525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981815,0.000040468905,0.00044380277,0.00037512285,0.0007075287,0.00025153268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991588,0.00010705691,0.00036506163,0.00022922139,0.000042550353,0.000097296186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095578696,0.00015736479,0.00019302295,0.00012317352,0.00025826428,0.000106348,0.00047079785,0.00005435206,0.000026225312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068916364,0.00013406003,0.000016033102,0.0014337493,0.00028127292,0.0005496951,0.000059649392,0.00018956026,0.000030788266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025660787,0.0003430609,0.0036816474,0.00001039664,0.0000039901197,0.0000016541858,0.0014142266,0.005870892,0.98630416,0.0018895052,0.00004553407,0.00040924625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000387494,0.00011752255,0.0013968679,0.00000781907,0.000008506877,0.0000105301915,0.0024538536,0.00028966725,0.99471587,0.00033447953,0.00012332789,0.00015408904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011268099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010322621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008411656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012467461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008865099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5466809},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007892883","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.069","title":"Variance-based sensitivity analysis for wastewater treatment plant modelling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biochemical engineering; Biological system; Membrane bioreactor; Linear model; Sensitivity (control systems); Variance (accounting); Bioreactor; Variance-based sensitivity analysis; Regression analysis; Variance decomposition of forecast errors; Computer science; Process engineering; Mathematics; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Econometrics; Statistics; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Analysis of variance; One-way analysis of variance; Biology","score_opus":0.020650900412904058,"score_gpt":0.20814641949534382,"score_spread":0.18749551908243978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007892883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986271,0.0000061599394,0.0106663685,0.0018267231,0.000068612906,0.00079292094,0.000021026299,0.00002282625,0.00032434167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995064,0.0000057036586,0.0039102384,0.000020064894,0.000009637394,0.000104371065,0.0000020543555,0.0000058337814,0.000878071],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855006,0.0000582933,0.00020819393,0.00035156787,0.00051443465,0.00031745576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885315,0.00009750127,0.00014828512,0.00084749615,0.0000038549506,0.000049730606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006190381,0.00014594251,0.00017249688,0.00004812753,0.0003988624,0.00003772378,0.00049008714,0.000033948407,0.000545472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019267196,0.000071217815,0.0001657183,0.00039677843,0.0014540636,0.00018955143,0.00026896567,0.000051968305,0.00015523513],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070176256,0.00005260473,0.00008100605,0.0000011873016,0.00002285348,7.902541e-8,0.00011349769,0.878484,0.120914005,0.00005572397,0.000023992654,0.00024403042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012319064,0.00006163736,0.004495052,0.0000021296069,0.000081179314,0.000001268292,0.000062974985,0.6991266,0.2955141,0.00040248033,0.0000480787,0.0000812669],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004885137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054189595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17935738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003108768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016208895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5972536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008877183","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.047","title":"Effect of ozone on biopolymers in biofiltration and ultrafiltration processes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Biofilter; Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Ozone; Biomass (ecology); Fouling; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.024444879040747828,"score_gpt":0.3237390957726893,"score_spread":0.29929421673194145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008877183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941045,0.000007946143,0.000029868437,0.0003926672,0.000010847101,0.00025870168,6.074291e-7,0.000023700772,0.005171169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99969935,0.000020535503,0.00003949587,0.000008284675,0.0000063991274,0.000035675763,0.000006143947,0.000004688432,0.00017941293],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893457,0.00023208969,0.00012168102,0.00019227568,0.00033113037,0.00018823576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996981,0.00010658824,0.000015678965,0.00014617962,0.000009511534,0.00002395239],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014139083,0.000059297825,0.00008350397,0.00014172454,0.000052889558,0.00002073231,0.00011284192,0.000056776997,0.00016847183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033146614,0.000037741047,0.000006927378,0.00029027017,0.000283063,0.00013825449,0.000046169447,0.000115695235,0.00014913705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007401693,0.00002651921,0.01757525,0.00007969734,0.000001012486,4.5726063e-7,0.00030143472,0.00008806715,0.9676502,0.000101423146,0.000057046895,0.0140448995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021381295,0.00082979485,0.0029644985,0.000014038444,7.133788e-7,7.730622e-7,0.00003076968,0.00029520478,0.99510616,0.00027298054,0.00022802065,0.00004323341],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020763415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009910374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027455984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029141302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003633515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19169047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009104232","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2012.749284","title":"Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Sludge Properties, Cake Layer Structure, and Membrane Fouling in a Thermophilic Submerged Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.012411437795378809,"score_gpt":0.24398311301215295,"score_spread":0.23157167521677413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009104232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972014,0.00007676674,0.0000067923424,0.00085650856,0.000048732927,0.00090174977,0.0000020917134,0.00014593244,0.0007600544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995466,0.00004406273,0.00011438427,0.00006437136,0.000005593776,0.00008130366,0.0000037569118,0.000010185337,0.0001297742],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982112,0.00007557958,0.00035149284,0.0005954911,0.00042177344,0.00034446988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999287,0.000047368387,0.00017241357,0.0003903158,0.00004593077,0.000056988145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073240773,0.00020771645,0.00029998596,0.0005778929,0.00017249939,0.000053274838,0.0003393758,0.00023393614,0.00023013937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040551773,0.00015278459,0.00001922517,0.0018043885,0.0015635777,0.00067008997,0.0001864319,0.00021501837,0.00010940929],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026785252,0.000017558648,0.004295237,0.000019457242,0.0000030153064,9.432148e-7,0.00009733722,0.000073855255,0.98268974,0.0002157771,0.00002550853,0.012534775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046903285,0.0005250297,0.010485537,0.000025378797,0.000007943601,0.000016385438,0.00003981613,0.005559721,0.98200405,0.0006038466,0.000096544485,0.00016674671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017788759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058831938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012368028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009295931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002889098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6230375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009713381","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.07.016","title":"Impact of cation concentrations on fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Magnesium; Membrane bioreactor; Sodium; Membrane; Chromatography; Calcium; Bioreactor; Divalent; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.018568134201895126,"score_gpt":0.3079040061775891,"score_spread":0.289335871975694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009713381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994893,0.000018658997,0.00013061227,0.0005692684,0.00012420914,0.00013585077,0.000001803219,0.000015474929,0.004111116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998675,0.00007133255,0.0011427031,0.000061005627,0.000020779109,6.736901e-7,5.142946e-7,0.0000038907688,0.000024100678],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979519,0.000044005825,0.00063445565,0.00020844188,0.0008787215,0.00028242936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886024,0.00009980545,0.0005854608,0.00027041923,0.00006995458,0.000114138726],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012702119,0.00012954343,0.00025149365,0.00041152223,0.00009191443,0.000038131413,0.0006709819,0.00006275993,0.00030082956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007304661,0.0000971363,0.00010692975,0.0016136437,0.0005298949,0.0009881994,0.000033094424,0.00024275704,0.000024285786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047761936,0.00016306406,0.012400947,0.000002573835,0.0000028848951,0.0000064353953,0.00036888008,0.037557777,0.9445621,0.0003398823,0.00004900007,0.0044987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054885115,0.00081620016,0.3323611,0.000057595298,0.000007478053,0.000040535266,0.00012908324,0.002125306,0.6632987,0.00044847486,0.000041563304,0.00012506747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007755609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001959052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31996015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004189058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018387727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39611033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009866508","doi":"10.1007/s10529-012-0965-9","title":"Passive/aggressive detoxification of continuous flow biotreatment systems using absorptive polymers: partitioning bioreactors treating transient phenol loadings","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Phenol; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Inert; Substrate (aquarium); Partition coefficient; Degradation (telecommunications); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01591349583347841,"score_gpt":0.23264046246331443,"score_spread":0.21672696662983604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009866508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884846,0.00049348176,0.008301478,0.0013941332,0.00025291333,0.00055013737,0.000027840571,0.00035845157,0.00013693798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99482787,0.000052442818,0.0048671914,0.00009236877,0.000033831064,0.00006756903,0.00001860871,0.000026298725,0.000013851096],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982144,0.00008074912,0.00047438135,0.0004141225,0.00025903984,0.000557256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986895,0.00006660103,0.000724239,0.00043129723,0.000013535729,0.00007483403],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016297436,0.00028109163,0.0003525337,0.00024878926,0.00018704499,0.000022959679,0.00027800925,0.00038343368,0.00014566703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000092845185,0.00025654532,0.00009232638,0.00051071186,0.00081889017,0.00033686034,0.0000893486,0.000200509,0.00008483116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018089235,0.00011641746,0.00965735,0.000014695491,0.00007262283,0.000005746351,0.0011112102,0.0019049393,0.9751792,0.00039929338,0.00014895621,0.011371507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004620853,0.000108184715,0.004955005,0.00010121411,0.000095854775,0.000049398983,0.0019298503,0.0032603214,0.9883342,0.000009490683,0.00036941606,0.00032497896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052870665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008288413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013155028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004588866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008355558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009957191","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2008.12.021","title":"Surface modification of thin film composite polyamide membranes by electrostatic self deposition of polycations for improved fouling resistance","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Permeation; Interfacial polymerization; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Cationic polymerization; Surface modification; Pulmonary surfactant; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.009486863758645825,"score_gpt":0.26668823747928844,"score_spread":0.2572013737206426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009957191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7670768,0.0012726843,0.21742286,0.010927307,0.00005112551,0.0017571436,0.00011614723,0.00047777087,0.00089815195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96289814,0.00033785432,0.035926126,0.00008171723,0.0000045832685,0.000064981105,0.00026218154,0.000010619863,0.0004138073],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861884,0.000050793773,0.0006053246,0.0003692363,0.00014762655,0.0002081819],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988163,0.00009057546,0.0005759402,0.0004094238,0.00007419514,0.00003357612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027059452,0.00015839955,0.00024477163,0.00016633207,0.00019520595,0.000019507024,0.0002346239,0.00023752639,0.000015471061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010023675,0.00016952211,0.000041874177,0.0006546954,0.00021919025,0.00027905774,0.000019991192,0.00010782688,0.0000063003954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006710589,0.000117254946,0.0001448781,0.00003243756,0.000010854328,2.5384747e-8,0.00026071287,0.0009299915,0.980721,0.015140806,0.00068945455,0.0018854976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004238302,0.00019018097,0.00095208426,0.000013260466,0.000031984713,0.0000027502804,0.00015403578,0.035733826,0.94758254,0.013138488,0.0016197003,0.00015729545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002243128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003103466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19582132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006870572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022591616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6912911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010036089","doi":"10.1002/aic.14271","title":"Optimal design of split partial second pass reverse osmosis network for desalination applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Extraction (chemistry); Permeation; Process engineering; Engineering; Pressure vessel; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Membrane; Chromatography","score_opus":0.02292746037619407,"score_gpt":0.25379611893522064,"score_spread":0.23086865855902658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010036089","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18680184,0.00006051797,0.81028646,0.0010067441,0.00009663741,0.0009883605,0.0000059366093,0.00005009512,0.00070342247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.58116233,0.00005814803,0.41714686,0.00020099751,0.00017173337,0.00034487373,0.000006206942,0.000015705466,0.00089312537],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911195,0.000052390264,0.0003156398,0.00013502163,0.00017560313,0.00020940282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993416,0.00012165005,0.00025977482,0.0001745937,0.000039989303,0.000062401734],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005079886,0.00008499876,0.00011766746,0.00002846896,0.0001761399,0.000040514664,0.00023696035,0.00008607798,0.003403356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007080481,0.00007578325,0.000056485682,0.00017510034,0.0001024657,0.0003388449,0.000050244384,0.0001289279,0.00021510822],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085201325,0.00020819042,0.00970057,0.000040014733,0.000091600414,0.000001262443,0.00036648088,0.3865801,0.14033023,0.0027954455,0.41210443,0.047696456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036836907,0.0013776158,0.07221625,0.000091360664,0.0002923554,0.00019431191,0.0010805788,0.2343706,0.35353357,0.065449454,0.2663692,0.00134101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000104215715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047364556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39436054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074356045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016481445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975077},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010920240","doi":"10.1042/ba20070174","title":"Large‐scale plasmid DNA processing: evidence that cell harvesting and storage methods affect yield of supercoiled plasmid DNA","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Plasmid; DNA; Plasmid preparation; Yield (engineering); Biology; DNA supercoil; Chemistry; Genetics; Materials science; DNA replication","score_opus":0.02867934277626912,"score_gpt":0.2638034028480899,"score_spread":0.23512406007182077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010920240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99461645,0.0007922263,0.0020988826,0.0004422598,0.000018649182,0.00021668147,0.000008425041,0.00031419474,0.0014922221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98177207,0.00043503343,0.017351994,0.0000743892,0.000010343068,0.000038320715,0.0000045977577,0.000015627647,0.0002976502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985251,0.000023472661,0.00025710577,0.0006650567,0.0001772928,0.00035197585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909765,0.00020188038,0.00022232518,0.000399035,0.0000070199294,0.00007210671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036136314,0.00026368204,0.00032941127,0.000060659455,0.00028165441,0.000017571361,0.0003587943,0.0008261464,0.000103665545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000232701,0.00024407062,0.00003443834,0.00029507498,0.0015397674,0.00012442564,0.00048362772,0.0004020101,0.000011316659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031950287,0.000056322497,0.0028662975,0.00016593015,0.000005715579,0.0000049371997,0.00020584924,0.000007204975,0.9932581,0.000018322107,0.0003028069,0.0030765154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023834151,0.00005535023,0.0008627729,0.00006295853,0.000017672613,0.000067060784,0.0008661098,0.00022808064,0.99677366,0.00009994235,0.0004682065,0.00025981944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008338172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064067194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015253112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037147023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024874109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012318711","doi":"10.1002/aic.10050","title":"Gas‐liquid displacement method for estimating membrane pore‐size distributions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Knudsen number; Knudsen diffusion; Microfiltration; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Membrane; Mechanics; Displacement (psychology); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.017635289113508482,"score_gpt":0.31072054022677315,"score_spread":0.29308525111326467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012318711","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.101868644,0.00002628204,0.8897081,0.0062428624,0.00026170322,0.00030255652,0.000021688456,0.00010607026,0.0014621087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.28526184,0.000021005428,0.7140425,0.00024035298,0.00010382397,0.000043206917,0.000014939592,0.00001523994,0.00025710964],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867356,0.000046562345,0.00037876316,0.00021559237,0.0003209638,0.00036455726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992183,0.00018735476,0.00022166863,0.00022535915,0.000021433245,0.00012587986],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090794533,0.00015020091,0.00016876179,0.00003166899,0.0004972856,0.000071622926,0.00032175978,0.00008340789,0.0011847954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083413767,0.00012530187,0.00010704896,0.00020427782,0.000102923026,0.00028968122,0.00012215506,0.00027310083,0.00011044836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029655575,0.00057646574,0.0006856991,0.000059751477,0.00016955112,0.00005445113,0.0011752916,0.23342992,0.7013104,0.010188071,0.019620044,0.032433808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046802955,0.0013487523,0.0012985159,0.00011846412,0.00019892807,0.0012923233,0.0008182033,0.028743017,0.8736771,0.057661876,0.029283406,0.0008791222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003376406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026333833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20468691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040369868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036946018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99972826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013311936","doi":"10.1039/c4ra00032c","title":"Novel polyethersulfone (PES)/hydrous manganese dioxide (HMO) mixed matrix membranes with improved anti-fouling properties for oily wastewater treatment process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Matrix (chemical analysis); Manganese; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.014680000796415639,"score_gpt":0.24978934897974012,"score_spread":0.2351093481833245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013311936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922369,0.000617652,0.0045038285,0.0005456674,0.000116277486,0.0011410409,0.000014227118,0.00039088496,0.00043351008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98294127,0.00012599635,0.014214002,0.000054352757,0.000062837105,0.00052409846,0.000012168191,0.000052051786,0.002013217],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820274,0.000030543884,0.0003276133,0.0006254936,0.00029992932,0.0005136729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999177,0.00008056295,0.00021062468,0.00042986847,0.000023685498,0.000078258185],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017934896,0.00037330916,0.00040094092,0.000065102846,0.00026248096,0.0000669075,0.00038007213,0.00010431425,0.00005573352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000760416,0.00023139194,0.000073545125,0.00020739861,0.00033886914,0.0007181016,0.00006936768,0.0000842969,0.00006526934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035609136,0.00020685697,0.001133052,0.000239408,0.000044777837,0.0000026428233,0.0008516063,0.024128882,0.95902985,0.000040335686,0.000008076169,0.01395841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017314779,0.00078413246,0.00022254688,0.000055939152,0.00004806494,0.000028680239,0.0010111462,0.008879732,0.9783697,0.00022292494,0.008190418,0.00045524526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016180919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037195106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019339832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011591717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017273882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.943589},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014086758","doi":"10.5539/mas.v2n6p188","title":"Application of Nanometer Aluminum Magnesium Hydroxide in PVDF Membrane Modification","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanometre; Microstructure; Materials science; Porosity; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Hydroxide; Adsorption; Magnesium; Composite material; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018955483274718632,"score_gpt":0.23527909453230136,"score_spread":0.21632361125758273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014086758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9048011,0.000009283359,0.07415181,0.0001279781,0.00002545116,0.00046214255,0.0000018374327,0.00009537697,0.020325046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941632,0.000008842796,0.0053680157,0.000061981045,0.000005422987,0.00014224376,0.0000034711531,0.000009429622,0.00023739961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804336,0.000013670725,0.0003544593,0.000601204,0.00066715846,0.0003201402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990698,0.000027317696,0.00016323802,0.0006634044,0.000014550793,0.00006168654],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052678026,0.00013531021,0.00017011643,0.00020733765,0.00016111784,0.000013098305,0.00081151916,0.000075294214,0.000111096946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038490594,0.00013194844,0.000025039766,0.001359086,0.0014684302,0.00035771102,0.00021370141,0.0001051172,0.00030055217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010465818,0.00006402542,0.0034684099,0.000006761555,3.7523859e-7,6.030053e-7,0.0004845775,0.006097598,0.9831622,0.00069292047,0.000013431854,0.005998584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021367327,0.000016859462,0.04092931,0.0000015006839,0.0000021004137,0.0000056914664,0.000049633487,0.20181593,0.75403273,0.0026636436,0.00011014059,0.0001587827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014364607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039088736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22912951,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001791548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003420021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5410492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014569321","doi":"10.1080/10643380600678146","title":"Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors: Applications and Research Directions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":426,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental science; Process engineering; Biotechnology; Biology; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027359432042395163,"score_gpt":0.33488216587452624,"score_spread":0.3075227338321311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014569321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.969405,0.010114224,0.00015946907,0.00614627,0.000050748687,0.0013625666,0.000007686677,0.0001943515,0.01255968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98840946,0.008325113,0.0026932305,0.00005970654,0.000011973805,0.00037746687,0.0000019321317,0.0000071381014,0.000114007096],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980687,0.00005844785,0.00031302383,0.00066231994,0.00039592758,0.0005015895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993407,0.00013933748,0.000032587108,0.00039191256,0.0000069536427,0.00008848397],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001406179,0.00013433883,0.00020472826,0.00040404554,0.00048536758,0.000048415543,0.00038600108,0.00014687699,0.00027465573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005901118,0.00011623152,0.000014643987,0.0021249847,0.011710724,0.00035311258,0.00063646305,0.00034826796,0.00026164722],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022295756,0.00028224365,0.03691249,0.000026154445,8.54916e-7,0.0000070712113,0.000032132037,0.0000013895391,0.6271258,0.060019717,0.00037822244,0.27521172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003116636,0.00020484702,0.061937787,0.00006571309,0.000013614132,0.00011307211,0.0005714276,0.00021021253,0.10320694,0.07150415,0.7613534,0.00050722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000109770306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010052548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7609751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026484788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011361425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99097884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014860371","doi":"10.1002/app.13447","title":"Preparation and performance testing of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) based composite membranes for nanofiltration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Solvent; Oxide; Phenylene; Sulfone; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Materials science; Electrolyte; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Ether; Permeation; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.01472034762718136,"score_gpt":0.24727109513649714,"score_spread":0.23255074750931579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014860371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99397403,0.00020507578,0.0023274468,0.00005938051,0.000063059655,0.00019521819,0.0000014977645,0.000018994615,0.003155281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967977,0.000012720209,0.031892993,0.00006759157,0.0000073592705,0.000006780594,5.207933e-7,0.000005822745,0.00002920899],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986458,0.000016388867,0.00045864042,0.0002000554,0.00047866002,0.00020045151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990021,0.00013841137,0.0005588244,0.00016098063,0.00007030374,0.00006937494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094730896,0.00011136301,0.00017954217,0.00015021909,0.0002188709,0.000044480086,0.00027896152,0.000047848334,0.00003260207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009077432,0.00009402032,0.000028004795,0.0007252996,0.0005671358,0.00058101123,0.00003217258,0.00007375618,0.0000026441646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009978554,0.000033470613,0.0034976723,0.000025918036,0.0000027881244,2.3933885e-7,0.0001123687,0.0011916689,0.98970646,0.0004777184,0.000010946669,0.004840971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000437184,0.00023283709,0.006083462,0.000017907636,0.000013228825,0.00002089473,0.00006416309,0.011251639,0.98149586,0.0002013604,0.00008108886,0.0001004017],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009308297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023941593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029565545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056089313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000104919374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38340375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014976644","doi":"10.1021/ef901255k","title":"Modeling the Effect of Sonication on the Anaerobic Digestion of Biosolids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sonication; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Biosolids; Pulp and paper industry; Lysis; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Chromatography; Methane; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009429945745359023,"score_gpt":0.2297737523486991,"score_spread":0.22034380660334008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014976644","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953806,0.000014338721,0.0008388304,0.0007955919,0.000067419875,0.000081583195,8.544821e-7,0.000030336254,0.002790454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99967504,0.000023102646,0.00012736257,0.000041013485,0.000012005294,0.00002193024,0.0000019422123,0.0000049443856,0.00009268337],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994243,0.00006582179,0.00014138917,0.000114175506,0.00017113595,0.00008317793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992978,0.00015877446,0.00008406541,0.00044362847,0.000005557963,0.000010162226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034666868,0.00006640918,0.000077359444,0.00001982067,0.0000715796,0.000006288807,0.00031535228,0.000061025796,0.0001744614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001421429,0.00003342824,0.00003759182,0.00015520841,0.00018730985,0.000057582587,0.00006647872,0.000102423466,0.000021543074],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010188145,0.000009613266,0.00043858035,0.0000020970092,0.000003867094,4.637461e-8,0.000049521735,0.022899272,0.95734566,0.011898563,0.000057997444,0.007284595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006039969,0.00011390123,0.0011152786,0.0000053604404,0.000005959453,4.6422852e-7,0.000014773451,0.008615267,0.98858875,0.0011403558,0.00030272952,0.000036756002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024888967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012972135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031243095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000127497115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003518259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19102299},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015004151","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.003","title":"A mechanistic model for ultrafiltration membrane fouling by latex","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chemistry; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Coagulation; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.016434882696072815,"score_gpt":0.2536006713978868,"score_spread":0.23716578870181396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015004151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8144908,0.000044608827,0.17945251,0.001983414,0.00036329663,0.0007031369,0.000008567954,0.00008258854,0.002871058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9675692,0.000052457675,0.031150058,0.00027761704,0.000034862653,0.000023968007,0.0000014185254,0.000014257877,0.0008761714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997564,0.000026641335,0.0006344544,0.00033167517,0.0009959269,0.0004472775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869263,0.00014572473,0.0005185095,0.0002903445,0.00015124922,0.00020153495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001558222,0.00017956152,0.00026934125,0.00017024185,0.00033712352,0.0001852133,0.0010271486,0.00009121614,0.000730754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083597796,0.00014408522,0.00010316774,0.000654189,0.00054282026,0.0019937241,0.00008626909,0.00021420512,0.0001586131],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016497777,0.000045145825,0.000031192616,0.000013817567,0.000004227559,9.353276e-7,0.00018053355,0.03801378,0.9570853,0.00044820728,0.0017903883,0.0023699368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041123966,0.00015278182,0.00007264867,0.000016850183,0.000015851117,0.00005134041,0.000117997486,0.41593814,0.5785262,0.00426545,0.00027267996,0.00015883184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029495039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075749094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37855914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018727733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010962597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8001244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015044906","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.09.018","title":"Surface shear stress and membrane fouling when considering natural water matrices","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Shear stress; Biofouling; Surface water; Shear (geology); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.0130419299872867,"score_gpt":0.23033894756574277,"score_spread":0.21729701757845607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015044906","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99679893,0.00008039201,0.00040729812,0.0010969493,0.00008202124,0.00022072496,0.0000010657948,0.0001645753,0.0011480172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99182624,0.000028478951,0.007589938,0.000068683075,0.000011151351,0.000010024142,0.00001133509,0.000008660348,0.0004454809],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928004,0.000029072726,0.00014435235,0.00019994401,0.00017995412,0.00016661153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974585,0.000046175326,0.00004101597,0.00012261557,0.000013722194,0.000030633673],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013920185,0.0000899864,0.00008282257,0.000033040484,0.00010554602,0.00009741837,0.000095736905,0.00006386798,0.00096758996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045104534,0.000068745634,0.000013555677,0.000060768423,0.000094435185,0.00062746427,0.00011388673,0.00008939339,0.00046816707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010574533,0.000043063425,0.038685456,0.000101713515,0.000019858324,0.0000061016076,0.0027403492,0.015346571,0.9205664,0.0006969889,0.0010225262,0.020760389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027466236,0.000023200566,0.015767764,0.000018578297,0.000008785799,0.0000087578765,0.0003801215,0.06000668,0.9195557,0.0029055844,0.0008318245,0.00021833804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031021683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039229228,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04466011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042695643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016315367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015156342","doi":"10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000509)76:6<778::aid-app3>3.0.co;2-2","title":"pH-responsive permeability of PE-g-PMAA membranes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Permeability (electromagnetism); Swelling; Solvent; Grafting; Chemical engineering; Monomer; Materials science; Wetting; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009190844137649682,"score_gpt":0.24314087790535227,"score_spread":0.2339500337677026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015156342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95176315,0.00020554056,0.000017959659,0.00047034476,0.00008621484,0.000099251214,0.0000018284085,0.000022657065,0.047333047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983399,0.00008378959,0.0008898868,0.00015564992,0.000023374469,0.0000019609674,9.614181e-8,0.0000061593914,0.000499201],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978132,0.000027607055,0.0005794577,0.00026875362,0.0010189562,0.00029201203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889815,0.00009260438,0.00040465675,0.0004304998,0.00004185617,0.00013222394],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011820344,0.00013273057,0.00027646386,0.000152752,0.00017668291,0.000035555207,0.0011525437,0.000063229105,0.0064130216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006692988,0.00010305759,0.00008782732,0.0009953001,0.0023155047,0.0005190595,0.00013611301,0.00019984653,0.00018209574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024082152,0.000098711105,0.0005625993,0.000008922275,0.0000060880375,0.000005173438,0.0010066199,0.0005910982,0.9351276,0.00047026447,0.00027411734,0.061607998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002569461,0.00011954247,0.007325102,0.000010135036,0.00001136584,0.000056278557,0.00035327423,0.00012863558,0.98900765,0.001107678,0.0015029284,0.00012044062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030971238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004198595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061487556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102841484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010790964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015158660","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.02.089","title":"Role of NOM in the performance of adsorption-membrane hybrid systems applied for the removal of pharmaceuticals","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Activated carbon; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Phosphate; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02552221421808873,"score_gpt":0.2654365203538496,"score_spread":0.2399143061357609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015158660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966021,0.0001268831,0.00066362595,0.00008720391,0.000028689628,0.0006184061,0.000008155053,0.000012323332,0.0018525746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993488,0.00012679755,0.0003825031,0.0000149373,0.000008500791,0.00006541612,0.000006799677,0.0000041628996,0.000042080494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922997,0.0000347059,0.00030042007,0.00009431733,0.00025902514,0.00008154351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993581,0.00021958734,0.00019927781,0.00019553256,0.000020732552,0.000006726671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006033406,0.00005540765,0.0001130415,0.000040561066,0.00004009796,0.0000025402799,0.00025284564,0.000033114608,0.000027091368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060175607,0.000035501944,0.000028098502,0.00020755397,0.00021894282,0.000082430684,0.000026064194,0.000053342304,0.0000063856833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000087892215,0.00011087889,0.0027428837,0.00009600532,0.000008896096,3.2432786e-7,0.00086804415,0.03634462,0.94692385,0.0055856574,0.00008166335,0.007149273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003832665,0.000056525165,0.016625658,0.000011292142,0.000011795777,0.000018050396,0.00037684772,0.12880929,0.8522789,0.00016023444,0.001217537,0.00005063413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043239168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000457056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094644986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027592976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008486725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14477272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015590024","doi":"10.1021/es062035q","title":"Interrelated Effects of Aeration and Mixed Liquor Fractions on Membrane Fouling for Submerged Membrane Bioreactor Processes in Wastewater Treatment","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Aeration; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Sparging; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Chemistry; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Volatile suspended solids; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Activated sludge; Chromatography; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008809381813277208,"score_gpt":0.24404743791051658,"score_spread":0.23523805609723938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015590024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754936,0.000064315405,0.000329608,0.0004885086,0.00014170638,0.0010657598,0.0000064404503,0.0001384122,0.00021586494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979048,0.00015941441,0.0016093629,0.000027777834,0.000007995525,0.00016209423,0.000009647568,0.000016530945,0.00010241194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981105,0.000019447434,0.00041673114,0.00065079035,0.00030415662,0.00049842056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992181,0.00016928399,0.00018941288,0.00034242094,0.0000051537772,0.00007562517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041621778,0.00024383768,0.0002728696,0.0006852569,0.00022099791,0.000018595241,0.00033320062,0.00023847926,0.00009027318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030587445,0.00020431183,0.000036447935,0.0011486004,0.0016669728,0.0004006544,0.00016958977,0.00016597038,0.00003654677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008228272,0.00034653296,0.009719506,0.000024210556,0.000007305973,0.000005446147,0.0003466248,0.000345584,0.97748804,0.00006989566,0.0000032578575,0.011561319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008710968,0.0009835894,0.012583675,0.000034087065,0.000015459349,0.000009678005,0.0006823111,0.000403405,0.983475,0.00019557611,0.00055136543,0.00019470762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000606262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003355585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011366611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005998946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018901726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83315945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015706641","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.027","title":"Influence of naturally occurring dissolved organic matter, colloids, and cations on nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active and endocrine disrupting compounds","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Colloid; Dissolved organic carbon; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Raw water; Ion exchange; Water treatment; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Membrane; Ion; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.007261294960157133,"score_gpt":0.25205464232680713,"score_spread":0.24479334736665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015706641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99724346,0.000019041727,0.00008462025,0.0001767103,0.000012335237,0.00015499388,0.000005221966,0.000030105266,0.002273504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978286,0.000018667017,0.0019686664,0.000096287986,0.0000038715534,0.0000067488872,0.000003816501,0.0000067448173,0.00006659045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993468,0.000019852914,0.00019608505,0.00019198412,0.00013506543,0.00011023392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953395,0.00011516707,0.00013835762,0.00015733486,0.000018569384,0.00003660832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000065813525,0.000095868505,0.00013819318,0.000008806964,0.00006834736,0.000012248413,0.00011646317,0.00004022749,0.00017018875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013613889,0.000087878194,0.000012564842,0.00014296197,0.0002658273,0.0001776398,0.00010973142,0.00008999104,0.000010739591],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019944877,0.00003169895,0.051200524,0.000045279732,0.00000665655,1.595052e-7,0.00023560082,0.00027274713,0.9450373,0.000170818,0.00004858029,0.0029306675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032158103,0.00005470421,0.14568086,0.00003428425,0.000011967981,0.000004739874,0.00018635303,0.0008254138,0.8523617,0.00018822371,0.00023751022,0.0000926897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000035851237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003565143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094480336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003222199,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060618595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3583569},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015809374","doi":"10.1007/s11356-014-3511-6","title":"Response surface methodology for the modeling and optimization of oil-in-water emulsion separation using gas sparging assisted microfiltration","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Response surface methodology; Sparging; Volumetric flow rate; Emulsion; Permeation; Chromatography; Air sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Central composite design; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Materials science; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Environmental remediation; Contamination","score_opus":0.12517045750924466,"score_gpt":0.3855694717062161,"score_spread":0.2603990141969714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015809374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9275876,0.000054185013,0.07082663,0.0011788305,0.00003089027,0.00025755094,0.000002441028,0.000009609841,0.000052204923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97746974,0.00013325298,0.022263076,0.000039530387,0.00000702255,0.0000128833135,0.0000036558374,0.00000559494,0.000065265594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980723,0.00052149576,0.00022963664,0.00034730567,0.0005151579,0.00031409366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939626,0.00030789265,0.000055229415,0.00018115973,0.000013805468,0.000045638924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008597107,0.000084099986,0.00010385339,0.00014699688,0.0006889036,0.00005304533,0.00017111024,0.000073243296,0.00006297198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004241679,0.000059763952,0.000014363284,0.00035458143,0.0012795941,0.00044238684,0.00021440166,0.00011698814,0.000004602726],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009626662,0.000010806177,0.0005471678,0.0000028261054,6.613458e-7,5.8301403e-8,0.00028818368,0.35369524,0.642069,0.000035527664,0.000004035725,0.0032502275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020623746,0.00007350583,0.0030191618,0.0000064988003,0.0000028467268,0.0000048606535,0.0005338948,0.7030531,0.29279965,0.00013991511,0.00010394033,0.000056377452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002039533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028623275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34935787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024080876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014085573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52985597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016119316","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810511","title":"Spiral Wound Reverse Osmosis Modules Decomposition into Elementary Units by Analyzing Stimulus Response Experiments: Characterization of the Solute Transfer across the Membrane","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Plug flow; Péclet number; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Mechanics; Spark plug; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Biological system; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010004747323209863,"score_gpt":0.2265855270160734,"score_spread":0.21658077969286355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016119316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99713427,0.0000624199,0.0014877119,0.0010482266,0.00010098412,0.00012879912,0.000015672525,0.000008219517,0.000013716055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99952954,0.0000059255312,0.00024827904,0.0001623325,0.000014372914,0.000004460047,0.0000039254187,0.000012390851,0.000018785808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999024,0.0000885366,0.00033542296,0.00009345146,0.00022707859,0.00023153635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948233,0.00006963258,0.00010105839,0.00021720321,0.000027012136,0.00010274863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059063477,0.00011883976,0.00013319896,0.000034879344,0.00019049921,0.000039989096,0.0004460385,0.00006244171,0.00012216847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017465181,0.00007374112,0.000062393636,0.0003773235,0.00019601137,0.00021105286,0.000026222038,0.00025152246,0.0000020284963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003202785,0.0000069138705,0.00020998894,0.0000050189255,0.000024416231,0.0000016025764,0.0010431535,0.009620969,0.98874205,0.00003214143,0.0000767828,0.00020491559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022769744,0.000026127565,0.0006818769,0.00003420309,0.000022709584,0.000021510823,0.00011847122,0.0015351371,0.99595374,0.000032628912,0.0012575076,0.00008837309],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077702134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025419524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008085832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033996423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051337942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30070755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016261703","doi":"10.1002/app.34802","title":"Investigation on the effects of fabrication parameters on the structure and properties of surface‐modified membranes using response surface methodology","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeation; Contact angle; Porosity; Polyetherimide; Wetting; Fabrication; Response surface methodology; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.10725685780821805,"score_gpt":0.2643764015837729,"score_spread":0.15711954377555487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016261703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988628,0.000107110194,0.0000921315,0.00047369843,0.00009266456,0.00025011244,7.859106e-7,0.0000069814187,0.000113706774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964916,0.000016670258,0.0033093495,0.00016401823,0.0000034909249,0.0000010030452,3.3228318e-8,0.0000049957735,0.000008810918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985043,0.00031808196,0.0003376665,0.00017356516,0.0005200789,0.00014632235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979738,0.00095879403,0.00067658524,0.00031116,0.00003857499,0.00004106309],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022419181,0.00011298773,0.0001915138,0.00008246591,0.00016883746,0.000018585764,0.0005789541,0.000059293492,0.000019893503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006174023,0.00005621964,0.000029985073,0.00054705905,0.002370567,0.00017685862,0.00009708988,0.00017893079,0.0000012929229],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041267648,0.000011520784,0.00029339606,0.000013730157,0.00000758478,2.6466972e-7,0.0031317319,0.0016497971,0.99243927,0.0016276977,0.0000069917487,0.00040532238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011621711,0.00021753997,0.0043307613,0.00003507079,0.000016734228,0.000006602165,0.0005679903,0.0007511086,0.9922821,0.0016142003,0.0000011565298,0.000060500675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007046359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018247947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004037365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045083743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059758375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87344533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016284770","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.082","title":"Effect of mixed liquor pH on the removal of trace organic contaminants in a membrane bioreactor","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Chromatography; Volatile suspended solids; Wastewater; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007376133406315823,"score_gpt":0.23208685836792642,"score_spread":0.2247107249616106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016284770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99536043,0.00012845945,0.00001615998,0.0022019567,0.000030485946,0.00053672434,0.0000051936536,0.00020239397,0.0015182192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99957263,0.000028428576,0.00017073924,0.00004529234,0.0000048305033,0.000016782205,0.0000012198258,0.0000127021785,0.00014736036],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985663,0.00013276664,0.00040522465,0.0003373629,0.0002571806,0.00030113338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986725,0.00029232196,0.00026426703,0.0007376296,0.000008754278,0.000024539342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057496,0.0002063511,0.00041181233,0.00030190987,0.00003981265,0.0000040621844,0.00079543155,0.00037558223,0.00032073772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00081626367,0.00013535106,0.00006607427,0.001204194,0.00075302756,0.00003940703,0.00013412684,0.00029290683,0.00009696488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015355593,0.00012231217,0.0035512638,0.000011703802,0.0000062827307,0.000024111794,0.00008497436,0.000010027361,0.9569584,0.0010513061,0.00013826505,0.03788781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062083564,0.001787976,0.011531988,0.000040211216,0.0000118534645,0.000038402468,0.00012572802,0.0000678247,0.9830859,0.00024339012,0.0023220216,0.00012392383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042164687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059298003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037763886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008004749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009020237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55194557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017095442","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2013.832325","title":"Flux Characteristics of Oil Separation from O/W Emulsions using Highly Hydrophilic UF Membrane in Narrow Channel","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Channel (broadcasting); Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01653870574179813,"score_gpt":0.27506929974521493,"score_spread":0.2585305940034168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017095442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956788,0.00004867952,0.00012893425,0.0013903396,0.00010256368,0.0002551287,0.000009917459,0.00014990303,0.002235763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99799407,0.000030144354,0.0013427521,0.00007878261,0.000013924523,0.00005700572,0.000015061253,0.0000093962435,0.0004588465],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979978,0.00003471964,0.0005288248,0.00058254314,0.000489847,0.00036623172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999015,0.000047237078,0.0002764396,0.0004845548,0.00010711938,0.00006969103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003860022,0.00018532648,0.0002955884,0.00063497823,0.00025986688,0.00006341675,0.00050316955,0.00024982024,0.0007420094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036122586,0.00017557603,0.00002153257,0.0025476033,0.0017532138,0.0011241204,0.00029366754,0.00019618645,0.00041712186],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055605306,0.000052886095,0.003861247,0.000006068373,0.0000023515333,0.0000017317465,0.00027965542,0.00050175906,0.98403096,0.000563856,0.00012633807,0.01056758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006480182,0.00019488389,0.031202834,0.00004298001,0.00001773655,0.000022708638,0.00067368447,0.12374197,0.83181834,0.009805123,0.0013451516,0.00048658517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005997088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012412139,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15221265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015668369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067854584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81244826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017935522","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.031","title":"Relationship between types of surface shear stress profiles and membrane fouling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Shear rate; Shear stress; Shear (geology); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Critical resolved shear stress; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Composite material; Geology; Rheology","score_opus":0.18456616723489805,"score_gpt":0.3528370042697107,"score_spread":0.16827083703481266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017935522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905274,0.000025801872,0.00003175474,0.00017267457,0.000009680126,0.00020683385,0.000005687999,0.000041691674,0.008978492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964508,0.000008225855,0.0022263841,0.0000018254684,0.0000075652424,0.00000708404,0.000006047587,0.000008367542,0.0012836955],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989115,0.00012680856,0.0001513323,0.0001999349,0.00035801728,0.00025237867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995962,0.00008228192,0.000019415225,0.00023828592,0.000018334202,0.00004552035],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008789053,0.000060160964,0.00009716326,0.00006257721,0.00012257854,0.000015560057,0.00022384617,0.00007677881,0.00092206046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013438964,0.00004217297,0.000012718268,0.00016869073,0.00045584363,0.00016087042,0.00032309088,0.0002058309,0.00038943006],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013698507,0.000017723307,0.9331438,0.000044464803,0.000004155085,0.0000017251248,0.0016718426,0.00007973186,0.064209245,0.000350304,0.0000707466,0.00039255637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007271002,0.000051694224,0.2321115,0.000009105627,0.0000023824125,5.270854e-7,0.00019674115,0.00007905465,0.7649303,0.0023722684,0.00012316418,0.00005052792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051139464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021616854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7010323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004972945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018087132","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.043","title":"Pore-filled nanofiltration membranes based on poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) gels","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Polyelectrolyte; Materials science; Copolymer; Permeability (electromagnetism); Monomer; Polypropylene; Microporous material; Volume (thermodynamics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012467417888145265,"score_gpt":0.25376574643311545,"score_spread":0.2412983285449702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018087132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9717719,0.00026972577,0.0016791541,0.006850633,0.0006997199,0.00039108933,0.000004932315,0.00016088906,0.018171972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849034,0.00009748362,0.013247929,0.0009872182,0.00016942208,0.000007808418,0.0000016448348,0.00002288874,0.00056220306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99535275,0.00012763553,0.0009651629,0.0005479125,0.0023574606,0.0006490666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978409,0.00017223496,0.0008704531,0.00070249283,0.00013031962,0.00028358932],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031678246,0.00032797383,0.0004448877,0.0005758892,0.00045743064,0.00018189079,0.0017020508,0.00015034726,0.0021946982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009633153,0.00025391142,0.0001924713,0.0018327956,0.0013231727,0.0018889669,0.00014207914,0.0004570995,0.0005043998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000128998,0.00017040531,0.00025112455,0.000014634203,0.000005927379,0.000029908982,0.0001757692,0.023790674,0.94719917,0.000199251,0.0003290242,0.027705092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010358082,0.0005123333,0.0026074043,0.000048049435,0.00002249204,0.00018972749,0.00014328424,0.013652576,0.97422266,0.0001685739,0.007076508,0.0003206102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018246867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023781005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02738448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047670936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030103643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018600697","doi":"10.2166/wst.2011.521","title":"Analysis of shear stress and energy consumption in a tubular airlift membrane system","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universiteit Gent","keywords":"Shear stress; Mechanics; Fouling; Shear (geology); Two-phase flow; Pressure drop; Materials science; Membrane; Airlift; Membrane fouling; Flow (mathematics); Slug flow; Permeation; Chemistry; Composite material; Bioreactor; Physics","score_opus":0.013973574521393249,"score_gpt":0.2191986731795828,"score_spread":0.20522509865818955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018600697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968214,0.000036254314,0.00087987154,0.00009651359,0.000039194343,0.000075817465,0.000003258789,0.00020420969,0.0018434483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875146,0.00003229668,0.0011232682,0.000014374154,9.988958e-7,0.00002526797,0.0000017545965,0.0000045997963,0.00004595673],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985086,0.00002664575,0.00031581087,0.00050627935,0.0002752458,0.00036741653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931407,0.000009275717,0.000083473176,0.00053557585,0.000014850823,0.00004272945],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044399037,0.00012181324,0.00028521955,0.0017396924,0.00009129855,0.000013209427,0.0006652828,0.00016506448,0.00032351294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030237514,0.00009201336,0.000029259563,0.0027634583,0.002730184,0.00029262423,0.00052042946,0.00009693572,0.0000388862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015199976,0.00007938291,0.51877636,0.000031340893,0.00002901235,0.000023434417,0.001326225,0.0008377069,0.4662454,0.009161349,0.0000022602217,0.0034723433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013865274,0.00007191489,0.03364899,0.000015778285,0.000047567217,0.000011318418,0.0006332272,0.0060238983,0.9589534,0.00025850354,0.00006679965,0.00012994105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070126326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047087457,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.492708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010726696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000084317235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018915727","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.05.047","title":"Modification of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes with phosphorylcholine copolymer can remarkably improve the antifouling and permeation properties","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Methacrylate; Fouling; Adsorption; Copolymer; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Protein adsorption; Phosphorylcholine; Chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021567510183784496,"score_gpt":0.231116286832844,"score_spread":0.2095487766490595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018915727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99684453,0.00030839257,0.00052472256,0.0014827097,0.000095784715,0.00024294734,0.0000019765332,0.000018867246,0.0004800413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977284,0.00064025185,0.0013562766,0.00007165153,0.00002866908,0.0000044201556,5.3447815e-7,0.000008834247,0.00016094426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801815,0.000058128084,0.00049818744,0.000242449,0.0009724436,0.00021062468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873537,0.00006781937,0.00066906767,0.00029526197,0.00015905956,0.00007340981],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001234134,0.00014136199,0.00022001997,0.00013544215,0.00044473374,0.000047397996,0.0004949959,0.000052595824,0.00005109438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032785643,0.00007996267,0.000036921636,0.0007582965,0.0026746904,0.00094558415,0.000049682916,0.00019773506,0.0000030658653],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012310894,0.00004034156,0.0018914448,0.000018958943,0.0000072665002,0.0000024057858,0.0020377564,0.0035287142,0.99018663,0.000049481696,0.000012487541,0.0021014176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004333382,0.00024304919,0.010270373,0.000041206073,0.000022578912,0.00031236868,0.001128972,0.0043470883,0.98299843,0.000029481831,0.00006061576,0.00011251962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017469782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000364718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008378928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007834035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015286246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9855008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019325144","doi":"10.1139/s02-021","title":"The treatment of high strength wastewater containing high concentrations of ammonium in a staged anaerobic and aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Denitrification; Chemistry; Ammonium; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Anammox; Membrane reactor; Nitrification; Environmental engineering; Nitrogen; Membrane; Environmental science; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Denitrifying bacteria","score_opus":0.00799152740675786,"score_gpt":0.18807809657781918,"score_spread":0.18008656917106133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019325144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99936265,0.0003654384,0.000018007495,0.00007609321,0.000058591188,0.0000915187,0.0000053446556,0.00000470736,0.000017637245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968754,0.00182665,0.0012460749,0.000002644661,0.000005873263,0.0000021909398,3.2070363e-7,0.000004473803,0.00003635615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904037,0.000016063483,0.00035773212,0.00013355075,0.00027453442,0.0001777647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995193,0.00009336212,0.00019042338,0.00012780465,0.0000032140417,0.0000658864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023524072,0.000105487576,0.00019061581,0.00008746778,0.000082156665,0.000022012884,0.00015838051,0.000031476586,0.00007435125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029801557,0.000070111724,0.000025085417,0.00016870072,0.0007193374,0.00026200843,0.00004417899,0.00007929394,9.656434e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030741623,0.00014210196,0.007617462,0.000005749081,0.0000116002375,0.000006277696,0.0009859354,0.0124592595,0.9754712,0.00015330956,0.000003041103,0.003113306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011069799,0.0011625026,0.121432915,0.000035883575,0.000018709732,0.000036801528,0.00080932985,0.0073126582,0.86769027,0.000017223212,0.00024268584,0.00013406489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059447804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014397666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11381545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013760169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052996775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28590733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019666034","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.047","title":"Zwitterionic polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane with superior antifouling property","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Biofouling; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Fouling; Amine gas treating; Chemical engineering; Cationic polymerization; Polysulfone; Permeation; Coagulation; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019533764144674295,"score_gpt":0.23506258073308894,"score_spread":0.21552881658841466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019666034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937853,0.000045043806,0.0007859668,0.0014447372,0.00022219523,0.00021863088,0.0000011136747,0.000069302616,0.003427688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902202,0.0002193379,0.008632939,0.0002105606,0.000063742,0.0000037817538,4.9557167e-7,0.00001705215,0.0006318852],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968721,0.000062173116,0.0006072383,0.00038858186,0.0016008884,0.00046896737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987262,0.000060736038,0.00047531593,0.0004129351,0.00012208232,0.0002027671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013704621,0.00022115758,0.0003383653,0.00025267983,0.0006103457,0.000095588126,0.0010424803,0.000078511264,0.0009073909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003267239,0.00012691155,0.00008029282,0.0015133341,0.0023377035,0.0021539328,0.00009955775,0.0003684406,0.0001447698],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000113694245,0.000077567456,0.0035651997,0.000010110745,0.000008093994,0.00009070802,0.0007818154,0.004397584,0.98870176,0.00001778223,0.00010880825,0.0021268777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008889917,0.0006123903,0.0127754025,0.0000615678,0.00001969613,0.0033529445,0.0005182445,0.001001728,0.9788171,0.000022920229,0.0016447958,0.00028418607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000073775154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029236595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009884626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020685903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030169677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99352944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020980212","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.040","title":"Preparation and characterization of novel hydrophobic/hydrophilic polyetherimide composite membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Polyetherimide; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Permeation; Materials science; Desalination; Wetting; Solvent; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.01619323314336444,"score_gpt":0.26429622273625425,"score_spread":0.24810298959288982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020980212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99383897,0.000093460134,0.0044237585,0.0003518215,0.0002019618,0.00049524783,0.000033806922,0.00003928073,0.0005216757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967204,0.0004889315,0.0025145365,0.000057154026,0.00004065938,0.000010136704,0.000018627117,0.000017247326,0.0001323157],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975549,0.00005962592,0.000849582,0.00036687378,0.00089709304,0.00027192713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980596,0.00018123725,0.0011910908,0.0002551132,0.00018479342,0.00012820946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012043741,0.00021198281,0.0004235308,0.0002640426,0.00037123624,0.000052244643,0.0004396054,0.00010689905,0.000051622646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033537045,0.0001839452,0.00009020321,0.0007590392,0.00087714405,0.0016840012,0.000079752695,0.00012540097,0.0000035287208],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022118828,0.00012828285,0.0011021948,0.000060169376,0.000010853639,0.000001457804,0.0005042562,0.0021279126,0.99510705,0.00006116682,0.000020827732,0.00065463566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011038877,0.00042412433,0.011924603,0.00004666691,0.000033694345,0.0001608747,0.000032620766,0.02439634,0.9609998,0.00003981287,0.0006414034,0.00019618544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004193709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006639357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034107268,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001595382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008218378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75010675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021537293","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21613","title":"Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration: A comparative study","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Micelle; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Microporous material; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ammonium bromide; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Pulmonary surfactant; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.025180717502854073,"score_gpt":0.2133755377338457,"score_spread":0.18819482023099163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021537293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99607205,0.00002602374,0.0004038632,0.00007249181,0.000078274454,0.00009795833,5.272711e-7,0.000013848377,0.0032349394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990745,3.4009176e-7,0.00083783467,0.000024574014,0.000026498301,0.0000027427,1.861635e-7,0.0000051942907,0.00002813804],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942756,0.0000128589445,0.00020578224,0.00006708921,0.0001354587,0.00015127262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996016,0.00003142939,0.000076217,0.00012828554,0.000015788073,0.0001467039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017445968,0.00007890178,0.0001177697,0.000037882684,0.000047829362,0.00001856558,0.0003490446,0.000035484685,0.00066968123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006923553,0.000057377383,0.000033758224,0.0001620421,0.000092713126,0.00010319875,0.000012583322,0.00021355736,0.000047178793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020018046,0.000049751863,0.001394808,0.0000042671145,0.00006242114,0.000042543583,0.017507227,0.012552507,0.9668739,0.00027097453,0.0008266931,0.00039487658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018383827,0.00007869823,0.0014053094,0.000008030675,0.000015764565,0.00003995892,0.0003934617,0.00069035916,0.9966938,0.00013000618,0.00026091086,0.00009984659],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007724798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00086368294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029819904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012362354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040981016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73325396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022091455","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.021","title":"Performance of a novel ZrO2/PES membrane for wastewater filtration","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Phase inversion; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane permeability; Materials science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.016987423980166835,"score_gpt":0.25711130032393853,"score_spread":0.2401238763437717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022091455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99598944,0.0000063266734,0.00049442996,0.00059757417,0.0006168167,0.00023455679,0.00000525774,0.000021748045,0.002033874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96873957,0.000026558006,0.030801715,0.00005493394,0.00006779596,0.000006411225,6.496733e-7,0.000009330223,0.00029306434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99780154,0.000012690047,0.0006603281,0.00025143957,0.00094422797,0.00032974337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985957,0.00011646766,0.00065768673,0.0003586466,0.00015290541,0.00011856773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021318216,0.0001479316,0.00027397968,0.00023723365,0.00020623759,0.00005295799,0.0010937407,0.000091600734,0.00052513357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066404894,0.00010994631,0.00010381283,0.000685615,0.0011780381,0.0015192495,0.00012022713,0.0002799183,0.0000213112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071353876,0.00009399568,0.0010044414,0.000034427656,0.0000041273643,6.7510086e-7,0.0002112956,0.003357062,0.99302614,0.0001856656,0.00011199413,0.00189883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007017245,0.00038490395,0.0036753877,0.000027441445,0.000015166742,0.00012544452,0.000097289936,0.013761557,0.9796836,0.000061379935,0.001333907,0.0001322389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011430612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002097673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030307285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005038478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001184037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57498443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022426471","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00302-3","title":"Nanofiltration of NaCl solutions using a SPPO membrane (BQ01) Part 2. Membrane behavior with an electric field","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Electric field; Membrane; Electrolyte; Chemistry; Permeation; Permeability (electromagnetism); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Electric potential; Chemical engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry; Electrode; Physics","score_opus":0.03268254803235617,"score_gpt":0.2677361497404959,"score_spread":0.23505360170813974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022426471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843346,0.000018783056,0.011385645,0.00007801079,0.000077508645,0.00042762383,0.000003283375,0.00013155086,0.003543002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98980886,0.000017976701,0.009885465,0.00005279732,0.000013145702,0.00005252806,0.00002556908,0.000016284486,0.00012740403],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986275,0.00012188972,0.00031172382,0.00030215835,0.00038800214,0.0002487324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999309,0.000052541764,0.00021037947,0.00032843702,0.000046004,0.00005365486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039791476,0.00014567589,0.00015598851,0.00013473976,0.00018833541,0.000028782479,0.00015380014,0.00014228314,0.0008223579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015783914,0.00013662645,0.00003552687,0.000732137,0.00007247844,0.0006406943,0.000019894218,0.00011099604,0.000033161155],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032394197,0.0002564658,0.004642309,0.000015257798,0.000008671205,0.0000032700818,0.00015375666,0.0037187731,0.98202,0.0058634016,0.0000629498,0.0032227042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037996474,0.0003824511,0.003609184,0.000012831955,0.000056739435,0.000033136384,0.00014236006,0.0075707445,0.9869037,0.0003144227,0.00039494914,0.00019951175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015043678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019928308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0055489787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012551367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038727972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90042424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022862294","doi":"10.1002/ep.10547","title":"Combined MBBR‐MF for industrial wastewater treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Alum; Chemistry; Ferric; Chloride; Effluent; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Coagulation; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Biofilm; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.023212113151560593,"score_gpt":0.21759689687975414,"score_spread":0.19438478372819354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022862294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882201,0.00018051086,0.0001924772,0.00023668258,0.00021449203,0.0012784031,0.0000214325,0.00032396946,0.00933195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97302914,0.000052418185,0.0012197804,0.00006710598,0.00007068881,0.0011321709,0.00009404777,0.00005577302,0.02427889],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977695,0.00005751267,0.00036189452,0.000637681,0.0003098888,0.00086351874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990904,0.000031595064,0.0001551382,0.00056188885,0.0000030744761,0.00015794959],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015398905,0.00037767392,0.00028238512,0.0000801876,0.00033041055,0.000046981553,0.00042855064,0.00023449078,0.00460769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015723224,0.0003198353,0.00013548601,0.00014054718,0.00063709565,0.0004277992,0.00040566415,0.00009446222,0.00018546793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007215279,0.015077065,0.37252676,0.00017397481,0.0010596019,0.0012342136,0.008224579,0.0032914309,0.036036793,0.05867498,0.042556763,0.45392856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051651164,0.0037498872,0.0050668167,0.000009577286,0.00009649914,0.000015672602,0.0042682174,0.0007581119,0.57698333,0.007447507,0.39543256,0.0010066977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040394734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013243444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54094654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008898648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016798776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022899987","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0018","title":"Ultrafiltration organic fouling control: Comparison of air‐sparging and coagulation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Sparging; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Chemistry; Flocculation; Air sparging; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Dissolved organic carbon; Turbidity; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.005756510415599613,"score_gpt":0.22442893348477652,"score_spread":0.21867242306917692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022899987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880185,0.000011669823,0.009932651,0.0011596897,0.000043743807,0.0002745311,8.8742297e-7,0.000102023805,0.0004562657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986312,0.00001316041,0.0010589717,0.00012222835,0.000017687782,0.000022608026,0.00002109994,0.000010603222,0.0001024499],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892575,0.000080460886,0.00031989408,0.00019507334,0.00026911256,0.00020972302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930644,0.00011987525,0.00038401232,0.00012717901,0.00003008719,0.000032382923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002518964,0.000102239705,0.00022295257,0.0000491386,0.00010281759,0.00004584756,0.000084770254,0.00007386562,0.0003973351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011891088,0.000085928084,0.000025476054,0.00022415139,0.00010886194,0.00047707369,0.000034370794,0.00010989934,0.00015790167],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067435035,0.000029801884,0.6831135,0.0000037604939,0.000019517816,5.6279777e-8,0.0010391729,0.007994791,0.29023558,0.000016502747,0.00034104416,0.01719953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005293289,0.00012385825,0.70210516,0.000020778296,0.000039478957,6.874603e-7,0.0015505855,0.050901398,0.24380724,0.0005550239,0.00012561522,0.00024083296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005483398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000088200184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04642834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020538035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030309957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43505406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023990106","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2013.01.030","title":"Impact of chemical cleaning on the nanofiltration of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs): The role of cleaning temperature","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Cleaning agent; Citric acid; Aqueous solution; Sodium hydroxide; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008535692427936312,"score_gpt":0.2388100276127689,"score_spread":0.2302743351848326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023990106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970439,0.000031774594,0.000029247276,0.0007739707,0.0000970946,0.00020212744,0.000007745484,0.00000917462,0.001804972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919546,0.000010439329,0.0006960049,0.000041996045,0.000035009325,0.0000026490304,0.0000010906518,0.00001044138,0.000006893877],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984669,0.000043444274,0.0006260231,0.00010524148,0.0005906648,0.00016772302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998639,0.00017079487,0.0007345519,0.00030437755,0.000096770025,0.000054507535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032799775,0.00016133684,0.00032661879,0.00004779609,0.000038758055,0.000012471282,0.0008724197,0.00012633449,0.00014496884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046401462,0.00007888278,0.00029280863,0.00034150647,0.00081045175,0.0002955036,0.00013109285,0.00056122564,0.0000025360778],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011912086,0.00008655817,0.00026052483,0.000013864513,0.00009873014,2.6287955e-7,0.00053163915,0.010846687,0.9860102,0.0005200072,0.0005356008,0.0009767931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034542108,0.00012048656,0.00086494297,0.00009706075,0.000046277823,0.00001876704,0.0004805071,0.0020752598,0.995307,0.00049243344,0.00007605705,0.000075764634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028027636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6403623e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00929681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014907912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059245547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32167464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024066337","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.042","title":"Evaluation of single vs. staged mesophilic anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste with and without microwave pretreatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Acidogenesis; Anaerobic digestion; Mesophile; Biogas; Hydraulic retention time; Methane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Organic chemistry; Medicine; Biology","score_opus":0.014257747178517039,"score_gpt":0.2186361614114786,"score_spread":0.20437841423296155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024066337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99737215,0.00019671094,0.0002703195,0.00013256255,0.000026627296,0.0007146286,0.000002935855,0.0000062762483,0.0012777608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930466,0.000178211,0.006539893,0.000016799468,0.000006603698,0.0000188406,0.0000026595271,0.000012158002,0.00017822967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811107,0.000104152125,0.00047190062,0.00018240011,0.0009918006,0.00013868029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900186,0.000015811149,0.0006775816,0.00023418313,0.000015118043,0.000055443925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006138281,0.00015362503,0.00024229883,0.00011050718,0.00003706662,0.0000149721145,0.00016043,0.000044865894,0.0007548887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012937763,0.000116385796,0.0000466911,0.00009878269,0.00027358445,0.00036661487,0.00015564011,0.00007594094,0.000016228125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014523468,0.0008808804,0.081654236,0.000059964823,0.00036389998,0.000004467558,0.0006978873,0.00937227,0.84859616,0.000027211832,0.00027278173,0.057925016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002910938,0.0023274194,0.53841794,0.00012941878,0.0006918326,0.000029932093,0.00236298,0.0007309272,0.45115393,0.0009355487,0.000086072294,0.00022304026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024491017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008605735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4567637,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035008075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049663286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8265502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024123353","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00410-0","title":"Structural and performance study of microporous polyetherimide hollow fiber membranes made by solvent-spinning method","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Materials science; Microporous material; Spinning; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Fiber; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hollow fiber membrane; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Morphology (biology); Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.017111203846969965,"score_gpt":0.28258115648129833,"score_spread":0.2654699526343284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024123353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99808097,0.00030912823,0.000089209214,0.0002194092,0.00015268379,0.00020239563,0.0000017335001,0.000023674778,0.00092077645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922648,0.00014382844,0.0069325264,0.000057071076,0.00002284456,0.0000019721158,2.7003162e-7,0.000012233378,0.0005644742],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972561,0.00009871918,0.00069525273,0.00034457954,0.0012296536,0.0003757088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862295,0.00007407551,0.00070964627,0.00032330237,0.00009166171,0.00017835872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020860857,0.00020679587,0.0004028017,0.00020460316,0.00026581658,0.000077203906,0.00091859954,0.00006666058,0.0003928977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022424916,0.0001589012,0.000052861767,0.0009755132,0.0009159046,0.0011747435,0.00027000785,0.0002908894,0.000012780862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001531712,0.00010863102,0.018896367,0.00002285825,0.00001535163,0.000024588096,0.0018128479,0.0053431867,0.9557942,0.0000028142306,0.00017531887,0.017650658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026120383,0.0022441382,0.048813425,0.000067822795,0.00007519014,0.0017023436,0.005776436,0.0058309953,0.9306808,0.000097994845,0.0016229568,0.0004758337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014997071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001486581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02991706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000121926016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007170048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6479803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024368796","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.003","title":"The influence of natural organic matter and cations on the rejection of endocrine disrupting and pharmaceutically active compounds by nanofiltration","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Water Network; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Environmental chemistry; Natural organic matter; Organic matter; Gemfibrozil; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.039066982456005914,"score_gpt":0.33799572112745596,"score_spread":0.29892873867145003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024368796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99564606,0.000016830765,0.0000043088057,0.003398633,0.0000097910015,0.00020577735,0.0000020619266,0.000008025035,0.0007085126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921983,0.000115351664,0.00003557504,0.000032340376,0.0000030123397,0.000017541366,0.0000023510988,0.0000034910847,0.00057050935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992115,0.0001259129,0.00011834645,0.00011819571,0.00028370204,0.00014232515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996131,0.00016769588,0.000028343504,0.00014401854,0.000031161573,0.000015688149],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035302326,0.00004465375,0.000047804187,0.000026686534,0.00039878386,0.000017960727,0.00013216832,0.000018369235,0.000085976724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099527424,0.000021844693,0.0000068283603,0.0001404111,0.00091750815,0.00012815827,0.00014629992,0.00018011514,0.000026228863],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025553627,0.000013624857,0.006081718,0.000004446234,0.0000038732874,2.4984234e-7,0.0006586035,0.000014611376,0.9922798,0.00008191071,0.00049293245,0.00034264883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008421093,0.000052122698,0.05307732,0.000004613608,0.0000014230907,0.000011983868,0.0002485629,0.00013891491,0.9454114,0.00020341459,0.00073826755,0.000027785303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014756962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000353803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046995606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003223498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055158707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3380597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025029329","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.006","title":"Pulse injection technique for membrane characterization: Ultrafiltration of dextran solutions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Dextran; Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Pulse (music); Chromatography; Materials science; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Biomedical engineering; Nanotechnology; Medicine; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015164887533507199,"score_gpt":0.24970917952609759,"score_spread":0.2345442919925904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025029329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7916241,0.00003245734,0.20074078,0.0010225247,0.00059459865,0.000991755,0.00001927131,0.00007003252,0.004904424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893921,0.000034478744,0.010159846,0.000027277563,0.00010686111,0.000030758296,0.0000063954176,0.000010692406,0.00023161322],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975118,0.00007299939,0.0008218565,0.0002666057,0.0009672447,0.00035947794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984749,0.0001280825,0.0007303848,0.0002796509,0.00031474882,0.00007221572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034739191,0.00013755377,0.0002489791,0.0004715965,0.00045595213,0.00006052558,0.0006514526,0.00011379981,0.0002579258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046504545,0.00012122166,0.000108568755,0.0014869298,0.0011527875,0.0015408128,0.000057115885,0.00022093285,0.000013435215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003538649,0.000114823924,0.00034253043,0.000022039718,0.000002749198,0.0000010230776,0.00009292702,0.004061188,0.99236506,0.0013588247,0.00012698931,0.0014764803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003345451,0.00033221842,0.009408799,0.000037975515,0.000017251403,0.0001812952,0.00008656493,0.0007803194,0.985805,0.0016363546,0.0012540886,0.00012560717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000063556596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043988377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19776793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021294602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014431399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49432757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025156709","doi":"10.1080/09593332808618860","title":"COMBINING ULTRAFILTRATION PROCESS WITH COAGULATION PRETREATMENT FOR PULP MILL WASTEWATER TREATMENT","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Paper mill; Coagulation; Wastewater; Pulp (tooth); Effluent; Pulp mill; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Process (computing); Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.010813215599221495,"score_gpt":0.2436005058894642,"score_spread":0.2327872902902427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025156709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99210584,0.000042787593,0.004455113,0.0003782928,0.000042577794,0.0013681162,0.00001580577,0.0004006532,0.0011908249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99162686,0.000018298339,0.0071468935,0.00003635478,0.000014090262,0.0003684715,0.00011253305,0.000033522614,0.0006429569],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843556,0.000013163166,0.0003099683,0.0005428208,0.00024453795,0.00045396457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993372,0.000048357968,0.00015866254,0.00039407253,0.0000027173505,0.00005900166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015050321,0.00028224473,0.00021728636,0.00014399701,0.0002252915,0.000016672539,0.00020490779,0.0002448104,0.00038289966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001342959,0.00022024073,0.000045602275,0.00022533404,0.00046187933,0.00022417434,0.000050620794,0.00009478212,0.0001705692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041813773,0.00094815827,0.24074337,0.000016654642,0.000101710946,0.000024141027,0.0008952066,0.003979793,0.70190287,0.00067460927,0.000080996506,0.05021437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015471481,0.0020625284,0.012054708,0.000008933668,0.000041988682,0.00005398898,0.0012828221,0.00048004897,0.9780117,0.0013903956,0.0027622543,0.00030345318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015705898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007752085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27610886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006772966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062121803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89811563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025196995","doi":"10.1081/ss-120024222","title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Air Gap Membrane Distillation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Membrane distillation; Mass transfer; Polarization (electrochemistry); Membrane; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Porosity; Heat transfer; Flux (metallurgy); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.01595849213605093,"score_gpt":0.28706994646965217,"score_spread":0.27111145433360123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025196995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804778,0.000016959984,0.0041800425,0.00057819404,0.000040567043,0.00014839786,0.0000033481651,0.0001401042,0.014414593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983573,0.000014824693,0.0014377849,0.000050771334,0.0000015255299,0.000008040068,0.0000028508182,0.000002850037,0.0001240813],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868715,0.000041284333,0.00023939446,0.00040717184,0.00041943995,0.0002055498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992823,0.000053207677,0.00015533117,0.00038299445,0.00008648151,0.000039700677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010725639,0.00009837679,0.00021091464,0.0007717678,0.00021329442,0.00001684689,0.00014962323,0.000116109855,0.00020496963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008387974,0.00008928623,0.000026784483,0.0073325615,0.0019653107,0.00040571028,0.000096661366,0.00007976834,0.00004033615],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004900316,0.000039054838,0.10060209,0.0000035276548,0.000030168605,0.0000018835992,0.00013904496,0.004982223,0.8130224,0.07585809,0.000090917165,0.0052257455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019179564,0.000090241745,0.1059417,0.0000028564532,0.00012405634,0.00001741827,0.00037239524,0.024424408,0.8598248,0.0053356644,0.003448829,0.00022586451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040316558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023224475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07052242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007188536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039789018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7241269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025491821","doi":"10.1139/t07-087","title":"A novel filtration system for polyethylene glycol solutions used in the osmotic method of controlling suction","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Semipermeable membrane; Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Suction; Osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.043089511866553895,"score_gpt":0.2633393270539703,"score_spread":0.22024981518741638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025491821","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10504165,0.00005252412,0.8897686,0.003873617,0.00014997704,0.00081693387,0.000029159339,0.00004825301,0.00021928716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881117,0.000009322614,0.011617836,0.0001393878,0.000040656763,0.000046554607,0.000003026185,0.0000073408173,0.000024215282],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987883,0.0000996824,0.00040500815,0.00014709147,0.00024096904,0.00031897452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926674,0.00022292548,0.00016872573,0.00019934276,0.00002522581,0.00011702143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011931602,0.00009029607,0.00017060031,0.00015579922,0.00038473215,0.0000225965,0.0003392218,0.00015070512,0.00005390193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003693371,0.0000717279,0.000087201915,0.00037087954,0.00014778471,0.00015847219,0.000015640391,0.00031456724,0.000008322619],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008895442,0.00013463445,0.0015101208,0.00003608929,0.00003405128,0.00006271176,0.0007906504,0.6045218,0.37736514,0.0057200836,0.003185141,0.0065505966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0077917385,0.0011356574,0.06852477,0.0002849347,0.00018864927,0.01565448,0.0044374196,0.8251832,0.05704208,0.0043953196,0.014286707,0.0010750545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012637516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01675723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005669262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015592285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99393743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026796098","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2013.809762","title":"Nanofiltration for the Recovery of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides and Polyphenols from Winery Effluents","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyphenol; Polysaccharide; Chromatography; Permeation; Fractionation; Cellulose; Microfiltration; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.007194898694868292,"score_gpt":0.24485399266817628,"score_spread":0.237659093973308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026796098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880931,0.00022706545,0.0071223066,0.0034551313,0.0000812934,0.0006126962,0.0000065601967,0.00007977664,0.00032206933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99602574,0.00007868217,0.003464264,0.0001998356,0.000008046454,0.00013349319,0.0000026651794,0.0000050346353,0.00008225397],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989185,0.000012095328,0.00023225787,0.00036328947,0.00027434202,0.00019953406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931175,0.00011020607,0.00014358679,0.0003296833,0.00007268455,0.00003207344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002936754,0.000106477986,0.0001298972,0.0001645716,0.00026511395,0.00007404542,0.00034755305,0.000118526325,0.00011793293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032816234,0.00007600845,0.000016171487,0.000775172,0.0016873651,0.00072078744,0.00017461284,0.00006685548,0.00003441251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005170714,0.000011824636,0.0045401477,0.0000029512432,0.0000051898296,1.2415559e-7,0.000058390462,0.000039951312,0.9683315,0.0031030658,0.0003429425,0.023558741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000214736,0.00012125315,0.014030999,0.000008404541,0.000011141838,0.000004173774,0.00027231264,0.0053916993,0.9425718,0.036856174,0.0003992,0.00011810643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019568551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028134846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03375311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003294068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000323588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6217167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027059191","doi":"10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2003.08.013","title":"Effect of enzyme treatments on the fouling behavior of apple juice during microfiltration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Food Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Microfiltration; Pectin; Fouling; Food science; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Esterase; Membrane; Enzyme; Biochemistry; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.0075695178775680464,"score_gpt":0.21482276813280132,"score_spread":0.20725325025523328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027059191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989905,0.00007471568,0.00052611594,0.000011636177,0.00007726651,0.00013115838,0.0000015224687,0.000010527048,0.00017660264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990027,0.000017232742,0.0009431091,0.0000017362719,0.000008821798,0.0000059081053,2.1090624e-7,0.000007686405,0.000012581548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993368,0.000031042702,0.0002774643,0.000059601647,0.00020147064,0.00009363979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952453,0.0001123624,0.00021403476,0.000120811215,0.000007754812,0.000020489253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030875,0.00008550761,0.00015095109,0.00006052451,0.000026235743,0.000005678221,0.00012755387,0.00003919245,0.00005687274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014255047,0.000057667825,0.000070058566,0.00013772029,0.000022061178,0.00010213984,0.000013570179,0.00011090131,0.0000035832788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017011353,0.00003088021,0.0013871803,0.00002140271,0.000023303508,0.000001985348,0.00008505068,0.03749681,0.96041304,0.00005757394,0.000010713288,0.00045506217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031532242,0.0007102884,0.0029820818,0.000041443764,0.00003527158,0.000027057009,0.00003237509,0.00018606294,0.9955948,0.000004740627,0.000026477854,0.000044052165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023708553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.076735e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037310746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006781735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003714607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23516257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027079620","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.014","title":"Distribution of surface shear stress for a densely packed submerged hollow fiber membrane system","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Fiber; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.012344177082858463,"score_gpt":0.23460916673911505,"score_spread":0.2222649896562566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027079620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.975487,0.0000083356435,0.022562195,0.00017383345,0.000095973715,0.00047411743,0.00007589104,0.00017586489,0.00094682554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690354,0.0000029975595,0.0022879322,0.000007974554,0.000014953639,0.000037512604,0.0002633631,0.000011906133,0.00046980887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896485,0.000083361134,0.0002744396,0.00023007691,0.00027748605,0.00016979947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940026,0.000085524305,0.000185785,0.0002459338,0.000047306752,0.000035203313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005148416,0.00010663537,0.00016172444,0.000024904079,0.00009008991,0.000016972397,0.0001546259,0.00011824414,0.000094338844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026688902,0.000102001475,0.00005540574,0.00022925266,0.0000915787,0.00017447135,0.000036265254,0.00005144926,0.00011060621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052774034,0.00049511064,0.023353647,0.0012989002,0.00009195649,0.0000023198256,0.0009585742,0.081294954,0.7894742,0.064943194,0.009110617,0.028448818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010554267,0.00015728283,0.030572971,0.00005135409,0.000039585473,0.0000027610156,0.00018911423,0.054042626,0.9087262,0.0004966484,0.0044188364,0.00024719877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007297809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035422636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.119252026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014734721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005817921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41594994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028094411","doi":"10.2166/wst.2013.823","title":"Comparative study on membrane fouling between membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor and conventional membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Moving bed biofilm reactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane reactor; Biofouling; Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Exopolymer; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Biofilm; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.040916413498892364,"score_gpt":0.2920983314651863,"score_spread":0.25118191796629397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028094411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937731,0.000012617446,0.000070025984,0.0020272236,0.00017991012,0.0029329539,0.000022731803,0.0005647515,0.00041666292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966178,0.000010694822,0.00202316,0.000053105705,0.000036167137,0.0008553941,0.000031955165,0.000030977586,0.00034074517],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961129,0.000067333676,0.00066830235,0.0013904272,0.00064723444,0.0011137996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983709,0.00017640353,0.00021274404,0.00097592466,0.00006936705,0.0001946632],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006917952,0.0005331554,0.000748547,0.0009144207,0.0006845165,0.00020416698,0.0011942232,0.0003036535,0.0006059475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010787831,0.00035744303,0.000098961136,0.0009875966,0.0026480858,0.0008791933,0.0006975259,0.00028806864,0.00056452904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043635337,0.00030642515,0.010498219,0.000010118042,0.000046825324,0.000004735022,0.0023373684,0.00007983246,0.9859018,0.00016701221,0.000012575628,0.0005914929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018446255,0.0017563655,0.003275745,0.000017900898,0.000058406094,0.000013303945,0.0044222493,0.0035804186,0.9833624,0.0006172591,0.0005839701,0.0004673579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005013303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010279982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0072224736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004129896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037047637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028516307","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.012","title":"Antifouling properties of novel PSf and TNT composite membrane and study of effect of the flow direction on membrane washing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Fouling; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Contact angle; Porosity; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.030389098385430705,"score_gpt":0.252608662918151,"score_spread":0.2222195645327203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028516307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989013,0.00003894548,0.0000875703,0.00006252418,0.00006832178,0.00049630826,0.0000020052598,0.000026422065,0.0003165874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964875,0.000010690766,0.00029489014,0.0000045164247,0.0000044774456,0.000009359546,0.0000011963259,0.0000062950267,0.000019816714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991027,0.00011618912,0.00023456734,0.00015718503,0.00032468536,0.00006463958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995232,0.000069094334,0.00019776472,0.00016513249,0.00002668855,0.000018083734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067128503,0.00008761106,0.00018027276,0.000060100665,0.000055448832,0.000010215469,0.000096375836,0.000049510487,0.0000022072131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023826555,0.00005680973,0.000016730766,0.00019915051,0.00015595266,0.00016261499,0.00009677645,0.00006700426,6.2299995e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010994799,0.0001675114,0.017696884,0.00009742325,0.000012418343,8.757488e-8,0.0023537495,0.014546243,0.9610061,0.000023929544,0.0000033826109,0.0039823065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009867451,0.0004924823,0.026655708,0.00007241098,0.000027517606,0.0000021593926,0.00042085364,0.033252943,0.9380181,0.000009980857,0.0000051680445,0.000055941164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023814043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000066735716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022988029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000314335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035691314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23166336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028808995","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.041","title":"Membrane fouling in a pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor operated under various conditions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane reactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Activated sludge; Wastewater; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.030497168529593426,"score_gpt":0.2617004037979382,"score_spread":0.23120323526834477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028808995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918293,0.000014298994,0.0014205826,0.0007366861,0.00013509823,0.00043538187,0.000013458397,0.00034436514,0.005070827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972815,0.000080026024,0.0014316776,0.00021878876,0.000018835766,0.00008859936,0.0001515369,0.000023833716,0.00070519355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984708,0.00010165109,0.00038011937,0.00039157027,0.00035619043,0.00029969358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943894,0.00006141962,0.00010904233,0.00029255482,0.000028538394,0.000069491754],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028183107,0.00018032058,0.00019738203,0.00019857849,0.00022622895,0.000027912372,0.00023376266,0.00014338315,0.0014923679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013369702,0.00018199546,0.000038509083,0.00092013465,0.00024166192,0.0005057402,0.00007242828,0.0002108607,0.00064776675],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004527385,0.00037552684,0.014792555,0.00001164013,0.000012159151,0.00003004426,0.0006883545,0.02097514,0.9610369,0.0011711734,0.0004607535,0.00040045334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022794001,0.00021323127,0.31749812,0.000026725422,0.00002282144,0.00008346243,0.0002932698,0.02524777,0.65149134,0.0010995937,0.0011286003,0.00061564666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088874804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014740163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30954555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002862653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025482725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029646696","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.08.009","title":"Thin film composite nanofiltration membranes fabricated from polymeric amine polyethylenimine imbedded with monomeric amine piperazine for enhanced salt separations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reactive and Functional Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Polyethylenimine; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Thin-film composite membrane; Amine gas treating; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Monomer; Diamine; Piperazine; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010191904754938287,"score_gpt":0.21893871027686987,"score_spread":0.2087468055219316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029646696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91759545,0.00021070722,0.07504835,0.000712991,0.000144631,0.0005766166,0.00012734144,0.00022621296,0.0053576794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938487,0.00004852268,0.0029951613,0.00039623023,0.00009126361,0.00019617022,0.0008650506,0.00003203067,0.0015268968],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983669,0.00006378819,0.0003306241,0.00061598286,0.00031791447,0.00030480404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989793,0.00032553068,0.0002542849,0.00028220634,0.000037773698,0.000120956865],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099398705,0.00031568666,0.00033082016,0.00012742751,0.0003215005,0.00004264718,0.00012752469,0.00012289254,0.00076527166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055960605,0.00026687037,0.00006787694,0.0004627969,0.00039850056,0.0004978618,0.00005071348,0.00013605009,0.00006370373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00072909484,0.00013819092,0.0012132642,0.000008470328,0.000098640005,6.216452e-7,0.00033664078,0.0011798025,0.9911584,0.00011315717,0.00032353157,0.0047001406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016916575,0.0006723995,0.06450545,0.000014617528,0.00011868391,0.000013480319,0.0005059365,0.018965894,0.9111542,0.000271445,0.0016032961,0.00048293703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011561057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015597299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08000424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008940338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023031338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029694294","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.017","title":"Effects of ethanol concentration on flux and gel formation in dead end ultrafiltration of PEG and dextran*1","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Dextran; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Polyethylene glycol; Chemistry; Membrane; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Osmotic pressure; PEG ratio; Size-exclusion chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Solvent; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008065452257486222,"score_gpt":0.23785909525350882,"score_spread":0.2297936429960226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029694294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976927,0.000080485945,0.0011122248,0.0002522432,0.000057734458,0.00019802443,8.088834e-7,0.0000057918896,0.0006000066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977323,0.00021408066,0.002006329,0.000031397725,0.0000061095207,0.0000015149456,3.3665805e-7,0.0000026385321,0.0000052992577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986755,0.00003767073,0.00044729013,0.00013446786,0.0005681614,0.00013686062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992598,0.0001239983,0.0004310466,0.000090398644,0.000040029605,0.00005470646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078611897,0.000083868785,0.00017587827,0.000162773,0.000056453155,0.000021362073,0.00018382953,0.0000555517,0.000016779362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004136017,0.00006901739,0.000021485379,0.00044505502,0.00069793186,0.0011865372,0.0000251187,0.00012579007,0.0000018517858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041267627,0.0000541856,0.001097029,0.00006129548,0.0000013419536,0.0000034598836,0.00097559474,0.0033345742,0.98914886,0.00041565113,0.0000025441961,0.0048641753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009416452,0.0003982558,0.040832605,0.00011770965,0.0000075448966,0.0000671537,0.00012731476,0.00084633805,0.9558959,0.000702029,0.0000045891843,0.000058911428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003855471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030690786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039735578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009458446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004609953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28144476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029934102","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.027","title":"Effect of biofiltration as pretreatment on the fouling of nanofiltration membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00939072013886009,"score_gpt":0.2629060917256483,"score_spread":0.2535153715867882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029934102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98997724,0.000016343109,0.00053300156,0.0006691998,0.00004146206,0.0004734727,0.0000016671119,0.000052176754,0.008235437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994901,0.000019383217,0.00031658483,0.000049920112,0.000008347298,0.000019339908,0.000015823056,0.0000039663846,0.00007653225],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910134,0.0001310787,0.0002289701,0.0001429268,0.00031762084,0.0000780697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993306,0.00022002985,0.00020554385,0.00021559713,0.000016066882,0.000012181841],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005185178,0.00009258183,0.00010978501,0.0000535237,0.00006287492,0.000010081403,0.0001231543,0.000069863716,0.00017824196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029794587,0.000060071234,0.000043602762,0.0002569886,0.00007614167,0.00015778815,0.000009864165,0.000044699213,0.00005643273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011441409,0.00010276699,0.0014494978,0.000024341047,0.000009103856,4.3937104e-7,0.00035383698,0.005004759,0.91849667,0.014067797,0.000088886554,0.060287468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019885685,0.0013815081,0.0066474117,0.00001708624,0.0000151482,0.0000011556419,0.000025915397,0.0026978676,0.9871466,0.0017702362,0.00004678132,0.00005143317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034492572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006525609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06864991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059096037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052959326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24496338},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030252418","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.877","title":"An assessment of oxygen transfer efficiency in a gas permeable hollow fibre membrane biological reactor","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Sustainable Development Technology Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Bubble; Mass transfer; Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Oxygen; Nitrogen; Chemical oxygen demand; Venturi effect; Environmental engineering; Inlet; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013508492892182622,"score_gpt":0.2792606293491202,"score_spread":0.26575213645693757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030252418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99377537,0.000004249665,0.00074861967,0.0012205696,0.00015290821,0.000380902,0.0000035650633,0.0003445012,0.003369296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99444,0.00001335485,0.0053705396,0.00004945035,0.0000069388857,0.00005961287,0.0000038544827,0.000010054224,0.000046175814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99736667,0.00003827897,0.00043819714,0.00087084406,0.0004944032,0.00079160224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987879,0.000021071379,0.000053573985,0.0010128178,0.000029847015,0.00009478313],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011646667,0.00021888758,0.00032260345,0.00073808787,0.00016816393,0.00004076005,0.0020857884,0.00040042357,0.0012118726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112734895,0.00014604049,0.000048412163,0.002113119,0.0042468873,0.00058373995,0.00039387756,0.0005543713,0.00010942051],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006121308,0.00019023399,0.03858348,0.0000032397945,9.088139e-7,0.000008468543,0.00025596973,0.00030192008,0.95677584,0.001759344,0.000004127002,0.0021103334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002977887,0.00044266955,0.019869242,0.00000557621,0.0000028054883,0.00003107469,0.000262612,0.004327509,0.97194386,0.0018654418,0.0007309455,0.00022045366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012834287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003044264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018714236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010994191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000068502966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99970114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031335186","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.09.008","title":"Computational fluid dynamics modeling and experimental study of continuous and pulsatile flow in flat sheet microfiltration membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Microfiltration; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Materials science; Shear flow; Membrane; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010872310191372947,"score_gpt":0.2494325892840206,"score_spread":0.23856027909264765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031335186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986791,0.0001113314,0.00040148472,0.00015123871,0.00008478164,0.0003263595,0.0000018575023,0.000009114415,0.00023471874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99531305,0.000025842783,0.0045977724,0.000027021208,0.0000070002507,0.000007643875,9.4400366e-7,0.0000059101194,0.000014813197],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824154,0.00006420924,0.00056994054,0.00024109898,0.0007010151,0.00018220545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999393,0.00007278606,0.00027696494,0.0001269629,0.00005388143,0.000076414864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009033487,0.00012025035,0.00025465377,0.00024841592,0.00016435393,0.00007842786,0.00033084923,0.000035611585,0.0003544482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010291248,0.00010496867,0.000021321199,0.00044323027,0.00047040833,0.0012058706,0.0002012182,0.0001533374,0.0000028596517],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034070115,0.00024267161,0.010505981,0.000011889129,0.00000495483,0.000005465355,0.0025138652,0.4848395,0.5001966,0.000040089923,0.000012958192,0.0015919589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010381433,0.00061506976,0.007397902,0.00001410684,0.000006739963,0.00012310263,0.010611885,0.92589164,0.053836443,0.00033819143,0.0000018849059,0.00012487499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024731035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056675693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44636014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013315155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037116843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4280498},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031525405","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.02.036","title":"Permeation of mixed-salt solutions with commercial and pore-filled nanofiltration membranes: membrane charge inversion phenomena","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Permeation; Ion; Chemistry; Counterion; Salt (chemistry); Chemical engineering; Steric effects; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015492567717306862,"score_gpt":0.23158668793317372,"score_spread":0.21609412021586685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031525405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99355537,0.0000810524,0.0015914071,0.0017335537,0.00023918944,0.00030971362,0.0000060528787,0.000040809296,0.002442852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954095,0.00034438242,0.0039894073,0.00010360855,0.000055291355,0.0000046417936,0.0000039453903,0.000013669484,0.000075562995],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970097,0.00007260666,0.00072689384,0.0003648015,0.0014076924,0.00041831203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983305,0.00008037275,0.00086387276,0.00033829836,0.00018005329,0.00020695258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017085981,0.00022932288,0.00040780733,0.00041890916,0.0005240011,0.00006810381,0.0006745151,0.00010391427,0.0003024212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003078988,0.00017526894,0.00007688133,0.001375565,0.0019473963,0.0019521229,0.00017267506,0.00026046907,0.00002641192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001627088,0.00017087597,0.0012975425,0.000056782214,0.000014363275,0.0000110392575,0.0010702172,0.007190543,0.98662597,0.0013910083,0.000060405164,0.0019485488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028274176,0.0009487354,0.0141966175,0.00015483795,0.00007178306,0.00037500897,0.00091090135,0.0013584605,0.97780216,0.0004780167,0.0005401477,0.00033594033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011086006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011376034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012899076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029429226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002745143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7175263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031733605","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.747","title":"Filtration charaterization methods in MBR systems: A practical comparison","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto; European Commission","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Mathematics","score_opus":0.049294011134679946,"score_gpt":0.37626216813437896,"score_spread":0.326968156999699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031733605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9620722,0.00004046442,0.031229915,0.0038353072,0.000086089174,0.00056913996,0.0000019456152,0.00013436603,0.0020305854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901404,0.00003764535,0.009246079,0.00009062708,0.000008699754,0.00004898732,0.00007269702,0.0000037862703,0.00035111347],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921507,0.00013405063,0.0002243916,0.00019880646,0.00010472939,0.00012293369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997905,0.000021883292,0.000048792113,0.000102834296,0.000006785697,0.000029217523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020565971,0.00009839005,0.00012352825,0.00006385004,0.000057423837,0.00006283031,0.000030167632,0.00006921212,0.00009815226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018398921,0.00006662509,0.000012447866,0.0000951694,0.000029753903,0.00035051018,0.0000118106045,0.000034640216,0.00008327228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012329004,0.0013289083,0.039070815,0.000018942075,0.000024870484,0.000020722771,0.005559694,0.0065949624,0.78140926,0.014960807,0.0004590006,0.15042873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011729087,0.00071914174,0.065585285,0.000013037958,0.000022869268,0.00002008594,0.00031150592,0.08138382,0.8403553,0.0012499805,0.008922494,0.00024361456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006323943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012483139,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15018511,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017807318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003436087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27168924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031757657","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.09.039","title":"Fouling in air sparged submerged hollow fiber membranes at sub- and super-critical flux conditions","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.014947679674284953,"score_gpt":0.2821174596474002,"score_spread":0.26716977997311525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031757657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928951,0.00014510081,0.000093443676,0.0017896286,0.00031600866,0.00015383214,0.0000031915672,0.00003806855,0.0045655924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99649614,0.00008708676,0.0027907393,0.0002008208,0.0000454893,0.0000026591642,9.627736e-7,0.000012167778,0.00036394896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969824,0.0000649578,0.00076323445,0.00039843086,0.0011335188,0.0006574615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987411,0.00036287302,0.00022044605,0.00028589822,0.00007495918,0.0003147525],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037432844,0.00019985785,0.00034290066,0.00047193485,0.0004313549,0.000047619695,0.0006568081,0.00011927425,0.0015091301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017216705,0.00017102706,0.00008314589,0.0013632831,0.0023296757,0.0013634189,0.00027551973,0.00041336127,0.00017930394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000074707925,0.00007916111,0.012262762,0.000021429123,0.000003792554,0.00012648183,0.00028779174,0.0010769845,0.98491967,0.00032816746,0.00020355439,0.0006155221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009186953,0.00013795304,0.10803915,0.000058877584,0.000018311941,0.00066306203,0.0004238377,0.00041470546,0.886829,0.001109788,0.0011114902,0.00027510116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031962867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019908792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09809062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003233792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007490554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031895435","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2009.03.042","title":"Impact of magnesium on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Magnesium; Divalent; Membrane permeability; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013971716820411166,"score_gpt":0.29589863023613483,"score_spread":0.2819269134157237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031895435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99085736,0.00005024781,0.00026704388,0.0021190566,0.000033922555,0.00035716817,0.0000043206946,0.0002282127,0.006082693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998787,0.00010887464,0.0008019628,0.00006758041,0.0000073781853,0.000022126645,0.000019963541,0.000007611009,0.00017753687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987836,0.00004041504,0.00041142726,0.00037296367,0.00018022663,0.00021139246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927855,0.00003779895,0.00020852969,0.00041628373,0.000019338726,0.0000395122],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022118964,0.00017008561,0.00022898086,0.0005182919,0.000060516704,0.00001560463,0.00022309099,0.00028914755,0.00038522846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012871689,0.0001519131,0.00004567365,0.0010239156,0.00022996544,0.00020985486,0.00002776018,0.0001912672,0.00011185268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010071814,0.00025792228,0.027868565,0.000010402782,0.0000062916715,0.0000022629624,0.00023772617,0.0019384035,0.9129643,0.013884844,0.00017026521,0.04255831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008650206,0.0010319656,0.30014172,0.00001531241,0.00001146712,0.000015786669,0.00015446809,0.0030350548,0.6864551,0.0070692534,0.00088213343,0.0003227521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058749407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030895135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27227315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010368503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016735472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61948365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032184343","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.10.005","title":"A study of thermodynamics and kinetics pertinent to formation of PVDF membranes by phase inversion","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phase inversion; Polymer; Membrane; Kinetics; Solubility; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Precipitation; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Evaporation; Phase (matter); Hildebrand solubility parameter; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019139886420480676,"score_gpt":0.27601386388024013,"score_spread":0.25687397745975943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032184343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99621576,0.000021578202,0.002926586,0.00009759736,0.000024294071,0.000339255,0.000004562788,0.000021937793,0.00034840906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940395,0.000012850032,0.00051146874,0.000018583452,0.0000031223844,0.00001066488,0.000013302142,0.000004193875,0.000021860886],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942374,0.000033174914,0.00019285941,0.000074706135,0.00020013185,0.00007538188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999704,0.000020412035,0.00012207711,0.000109100576,0.000015532289,0.00002888118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017792213,0.000056116158,0.000078118464,0.000054872777,0.000021352063,0.0000039806887,0.000068589776,0.000036603808,0.000033422333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006406973,0.000050131595,0.000009097361,0.0001615079,0.000035377907,0.000262974,0.00006313795,0.000024862698,0.000007272574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038569993,0.0009981181,0.007723646,0.000033610624,0.0000040252285,7.626977e-8,0.0073874267,0.0006838066,0.96579725,0.00012037504,0.00022868054,0.016984403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012828069,0.0009800185,0.019915745,0.000011064841,0.000027236129,0.0000017102453,0.0040162397,0.031161547,0.94194764,0.00010677715,0.0004187271,0.00013050226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045057062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023389572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03047774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041495496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.804853e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20443071},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032657361","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.07.022","title":"Reversible and irreversible low-pressure membrane foulants in drinking water treatment: Identification by principal component analysis of fluorescence EEM and mitigation by biofiltration pretreatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Biofilter; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Particulates; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.041591840555290825,"score_gpt":0.289397268523348,"score_spread":0.24780542796805718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032657361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998811,0.00008140561,0.000049664177,0.00017832994,0.0000131649385,0.00052810553,0.000023462622,0.000024345547,0.00029048792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998215,0.000296634,0.0003188261,0.0000040228133,0.0000019945223,0.000056655204,0.00024183122,0.00000761882,0.00085738953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982946,0.00018083901,0.00029643948,0.00045974003,0.00043719404,0.0003311932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999526,0.000019920324,0.00005068163,0.00031499963,0.000024659968,0.000063698215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065928226,0.00012996943,0.00020516843,0.00032085448,0.00014229448,0.00004810295,0.0001763244,0.00010090449,0.00044868575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013991197,0.00008928895,0.000029205816,0.00039988686,0.00039830527,0.00047457204,0.0001882856,0.00009728423,0.000039367296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052696538,0.00016012606,0.08691823,0.000030143081,0.00008775403,0.0000024340186,0.0029588458,0.000071734125,0.9089422,0.000020442616,0.00007459609,0.00068079017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004009107,0.00011975607,0.022034079,0.000015519656,0.000078038334,9.834293e-7,0.0002723689,0.0036976866,0.9730087,0.00010953383,0.0001637616,0.000098693694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034118667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038535465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06488415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015357825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044958897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5157745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034236214","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.111","title":"Effects of powdered activated carbon dosing on sludge characteristics and estrogen removal in membrane bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Dosing; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Activated sludge; Membrane; Fouling; Activated carbon; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Environmental science; Adsorption","score_opus":0.005463239375898491,"score_gpt":0.217664873430579,"score_spread":0.2122016340546805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034236214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99808747,0.00000468055,0.000006187696,0.0005373195,0.00017671501,0.00028283318,0.000001154321,0.00020318819,0.00070045947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911237,0.000009684122,0.0007958937,0.00002826119,0.000005107675,0.000014940445,0.000001275684,0.000010301833,0.000022158732],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984479,0.000018657744,0.00026104733,0.0005178519,0.0002863962,0.0004681476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993274,0.000039433475,0.000103666454,0.00046129164,0.00001380445,0.00005437346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034639786,0.00017248876,0.00024341122,0.00072826,0.0000961333,0.000025584912,0.0006377963,0.0002661487,0.000023503033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003197354,0.00012810942,0.000017409457,0.0012239823,0.0025215207,0.00020557649,0.00044038572,0.00039636125,0.000019104837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014565061,0.000049136434,0.019850861,0.000009774821,0.0000013300416,0.000022239716,0.00018914585,0.0000035811277,0.9736687,0.00035808864,6.7834975e-7,0.005831881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002656426,0.00013168131,0.015925363,0.000015151367,0.0000041755497,0.00003757839,0.000044170785,0.00022493281,0.9824388,0.0005694036,0.00019836164,0.00014470641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014088019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029881921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008770114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007968891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001846308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92906487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034340087","doi":"10.1139/l09-062","title":"Optimization of phosphorus removal in secondary effluent using immersed ultrafiltration membranes with in-line coagulant pretreatment — implications for advanced water treatment and reuse applicationsA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Flocculation; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ferric; Phosphorus; Wastewater; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Chloride; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Sedimentation; Ferrous; Suspended solids; Settling; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006813935764591216,"score_gpt":0.20041690022817887,"score_spread":0.19360296446358766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034340087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98686814,0.00052897946,0.011681581,0.0005033076,0.000024092094,0.00037253415,0.000010105863,0.0000027874037,0.000008455585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897683,0.00020230017,0.009982208,0.000019831272,0.000008065012,0.000007469546,0.0000022877666,0.00000785655,0.000001626495],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923265,0.000008791108,0.00036922118,0.000105041305,0.000102903214,0.0001813894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995445,0.000035858142,0.00012670546,0.00014316435,0.000021046448,0.00012871041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002966957,0.00011021811,0.00017296872,0.00028416407,0.000065102875,0.000019464704,0.00014722417,0.000031739968,0.000013483303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049905826,0.00007542626,0.000019493864,0.00023671125,0.00006790747,0.0003527175,0.000009544364,0.00007426381,7.546721e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024109611,0.000016834943,0.00085212843,0.000004411529,0.000006578971,0.0000021430012,0.00058158487,0.6785038,0.31819287,0.000010156389,8.005028e-7,0.0018045676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004938786,0.001997009,0.17691426,0.00028531693,0.00014022691,0.0012305044,0.0010798356,0.13667893,0.67535543,0.00006628767,0.0008457889,0.00046760504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015061419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019596713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5418249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046869085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000086121465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30757937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2034771667","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00432-6","title":"Application of surface modifying macromolecules for the preparation of membranes for membrane distillation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Membrane; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Membrane distillation; Dimethylacetamide; Solvent; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Wetting; Materials science; Surface modification; Chemistry; Macromolecule; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.020484743746440222,"score_gpt":0.29344434957245635,"score_spread":0.27295960582601614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2034771667","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3513924,0.00008045168,0.64626604,0.0001420095,0.00004919608,0.0014383759,0.00002213239,0.000041167,0.0005682632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826667,0.000030364574,0.016943313,0.000009515892,0.0000070565243,0.00019409334,0.0000608841,0.00001117082,0.00007692769],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991285,0.000042470994,0.0003335892,0.00019258102,0.00020032145,0.000102526246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989479,0.00037616782,0.00034578404,0.00024100885,0.000076596974,0.000012518077],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059920637,0.000088472094,0.00012685619,0.000031549873,0.00011279625,0.000010613944,0.00013691877,0.00007916572,0.00001939687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041307707,0.000072223134,0.000059983042,0.00021912981,0.00011085658,0.00017263161,0.000014688337,0.000026687114,0.000003346004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010157443,0.000063301304,0.0015679246,0.00023159817,0.000017739034,1.40048195e-8,0.00037928214,0.2280604,0.7168919,0.0453568,0.00006945149,0.0072600334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003330432,0.00006406031,0.0010160953,0.0000051256143,0.000029140127,6.8189587e-7,0.00012396989,0.21335842,0.77793485,0.0051337597,0.0019275717,0.00007325175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038668222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003613695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6312743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047200127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009582827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2945174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035974132","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v3n1p191","title":"Study on Removal of Organics of Different Molecular Weight by Coagulation-Membrane Filtration Process","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sustainable Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Chromatography; Size-exclusion chromatography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006458446972022371,"score_gpt":0.23602182520310772,"score_spread":0.22956337823108536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035974132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99790746,0.00001298325,0.0006500131,0.00015776332,0.000075052856,0.00038397714,7.048513e-7,0.000011607615,0.00080046727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981554,0.0000059165113,0.0013206922,0.000016756643,0.000007429021,0.00000638695,0.0000027458855,0.000011466209,0.000473165],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980952,0.00003873024,0.00073991105,0.00014832412,0.00079087063,0.00018696289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987794,0.000042245603,0.0007342325,0.00019689776,0.00018942302,0.00005781221],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004991001,0.00014189084,0.00027940667,0.00014555332,0.000071554234,0.000015401034,0.0003299989,0.00008298678,0.0003238676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022680227,0.000111897745,0.00003896902,0.00034577496,0.00008070709,0.00022331801,0.00007844155,0.0002329055,0.0000046502355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017146656,0.0018002368,0.021036798,0.00012666434,0.000094874165,0.00025605853,0.004874126,0.0017309928,0.9663196,0.001127214,0.0005640517,0.0018978918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006794499,0.00040724536,0.038526762,0.000017844633,0.000019902642,0.000043024385,0.007440598,0.000049007525,0.95147145,0.0005348184,0.00068087596,0.0001290014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006119032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006251101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017489962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016584202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012680762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45630577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036455722","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.038","title":"Influences of solution chemistry and polymeric natural organic matter on the removal of aquatic pharmaceutical residuals by nanofiltration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Ionic strength; Aqueous solution; Natural organic matter; Chromatography; Organic matter; Permeation; Membrane technology; Acetaminophen; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03529975002829398,"score_gpt":0.3352534181611754,"score_spread":0.2999536681328814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036455722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99246716,0.0001230995,0.000007632071,0.005004222,0.000009895258,0.00015280135,0.0000013313863,0.000012257213,0.0022215948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985223,0.000031946067,0.000085703636,0.000098503544,0.000005793629,0.0000046396976,0.0000040321615,0.0000033509268,0.0012437647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988039,0.00013175955,0.00017647707,0.00016337066,0.0005156827,0.00020879791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968266,0.00005604749,0.000033751527,0.00019255628,0.0000111420195,0.000023848213],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006603046,0.00006280367,0.000082080216,0.00002364019,0.0000894607,0.00001873137,0.00021997419,0.000052283947,0.0013767286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008871471,0.000035420864,0.000013589057,0.00019051143,0.0005311238,0.0001029339,0.00008719177,0.0001831795,0.00012582474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002893613,0.000026348202,0.0006800115,0.000010039755,0.0000028435918,8.927579e-7,0.00014860833,0.0000024803517,0.9953529,0.000020260288,0.0018900491,0.0018366356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009391643,0.000062317784,0.003213722,0.000010270061,0.0000023211392,0.000008627092,0.0000740361,0.00028906605,0.99535334,0.00054485374,0.00030487624,0.00004268127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005772908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019315078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0060550994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032361804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007700082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99953616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036461492","doi":"10.1080/09593330903527898","title":"Performance and fouling characteristics of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for kraft evaporator condensate treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Membrane fouling; Biogas; Fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Kraft paper; Methane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008886142623428205,"score_gpt":0.21817972464433713,"score_spread":0.20929358202090892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036461492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985265,0.000025394245,0.00003757197,0.00026332476,0.00013692849,0.0006312694,0.000078432815,0.00016784522,0.0001326949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99386173,0.00025242622,0.005380085,0.000024638432,0.000016246307,0.00015398949,0.00003695808,0.000027725593,0.0002462005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870855,0.000011709682,0.00036601446,0.00043997818,0.00014503296,0.00032870492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991824,0.00003604566,0.00024094664,0.00047334895,0.0000030721535,0.00006417506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012908751,0.0002484498,0.0003369986,0.00013530116,0.00012813204,0.000008995238,0.00025718208,0.00031760978,0.0004959935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046399833,0.00022419599,0.000052480093,0.00016104015,0.0010907633,0.00014011325,0.0001858848,0.00018943184,0.00006978787],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029481162,0.00010796177,0.09281915,0.000011847137,0.000018373723,0.0000019044726,0.000055575732,0.0000030602619,0.8869611,0.00012488294,0.000017097836,0.019849554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008699395,0.0006262133,0.04088162,0.000005702525,0.000037898473,0.000027576152,0.00015703008,0.0009042933,0.9495408,0.00013558852,0.0065553696,0.00025798325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011733697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027493174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06257967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010251387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007828976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9142447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036566533","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.04.034","title":"Comparative assessment of hydrophobic and hydrophilic membrane fouling in wastewater applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Regenerated cellulose; Cellulose; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017419441219860204,"score_gpt":0.306845278368536,"score_spread":0.28942583714867576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036566533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933503,0.00007549516,0.00022833164,0.0007126094,0.000050432685,0.00025883107,0.0000010435639,0.000013599364,0.005309326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923214,0.00012685332,0.0074049965,0.000069967784,0.000016697919,0.0000046943733,2.7370146e-7,0.0000038704666,0.00005127252],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99788624,0.000054424414,0.00069102045,0.00028410018,0.00080705766,0.00027713215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896127,0.00008416132,0.0004994051,0.00028698155,0.00004935597,0.000118819284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014375177,0.00014453582,0.000397023,0.000369824,0.00012637908,0.000041670744,0.0006893997,0.000054247525,0.00013512363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004504387,0.000114032046,0.000051005136,0.00123294,0.00094940275,0.00077356695,0.00012218722,0.0002780599,0.000010814431],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013468582,0.00011110733,0.0017717859,0.000010465238,0.0000029491746,0.000006269477,0.00045470864,0.012847946,0.98319787,0.0002777894,0.00000809072,0.0012975539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008769275,0.0004985436,0.06740517,0.00007397796,0.000018278624,0.00016675267,0.00052237127,0.01458306,0.9134609,0.001754643,0.0004132303,0.00022615035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015036405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000987247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06973697,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015921905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000086062246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46500918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036611125","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00817-2","title":"Effects of surface modifying macromolecule (SMM) on the properties of polyethersulfone membranes","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Casting; Materials science; Solvent; Evaporation; Membrane distillation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.028184663419399784,"score_gpt":0.21496455777782716,"score_spread":0.18677989435842737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036611125","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956346,0.00021282081,0.00020616846,0.0006324693,0.00003417232,0.00028798357,9.598238e-7,0.00004964767,0.0029411758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992225,0.00005351661,0.00025870698,0.000047241825,0.0000034517288,0.0000111627405,5.660914e-7,0.000008000283,0.00039484203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992554,0.00007929446,0.0001652199,0.00012581423,0.00027789516,0.000096348536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955434,0.000099818484,0.00012977734,0.0001912678,0.000013360245,0.000011422774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018464107,0.000078172125,0.00009975861,0.000028382174,0.000056710553,0.0000075744742,0.00018775374,0.00005422271,0.00021478979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020867422,0.00005205709,0.000031324096,0.00021791545,0.0001899234,0.000095279,0.0000456576,0.000062638544,0.00008730533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010163528,0.00007309512,0.00015103261,0.00006531154,0.000006244568,4.9765345e-7,0.0007193351,0.0035083077,0.99251205,0.0009437794,0.00011549764,0.0018947041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015426203,0.00006536475,0.0010267793,0.000032294003,0.0000067906008,6.174926e-7,0.00008211948,0.0107994415,0.9874872,0.0002143877,0.000073483054,0.000057282767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007137824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000051620277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007291133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031556774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015808898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23517975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036739160","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2006.02.002","title":"Chelating properties and molecular weight distribution of soluble microbial products from an aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Copper; Chemistry; Chelation; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Ligand (biochemistry); Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Receptor","score_opus":0.0395517287679765,"score_gpt":0.2702416985595662,"score_spread":0.2306899697915897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036739160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99823385,0.00005144494,0.000033086464,0.00091128953,0.000026983782,0.00032317196,0.000010343704,0.000055182332,0.00035466277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99878806,0.0000073770166,0.00050402316,0.000005678596,0.00002920238,0.000019827508,0.00016897592,0.000011144069,0.00046570518],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986061,0.0001214527,0.00019455074,0.00035298,0.00038232206,0.0003426123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995795,0.000007583006,0.000029597091,0.00031062466,0.00003764202,0.000035036657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043397947,0.0000948146,0.0001175657,0.000046838664,0.0001373605,0.000056242232,0.00022174949,0.000082231985,0.00023226654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055728786,0.00006418161,0.000014588182,0.00018399664,0.0005270813,0.00028764753,0.0003081449,0.00017076942,0.00010726927],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026419511,0.00006187631,0.002664306,0.000020792839,0.000003597291,0.0000032364394,0.00019770932,0.00005197487,0.99621,0.000050432278,0.00040787456,0.00030178975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017965514,0.00006431781,0.0030910098,0.000013065516,0.0000030161789,0.00000180368,0.00004186825,0.00025942558,0.9939323,0.00042613473,0.0018977465,0.00008964306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043208227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013100507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041898177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000696826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010026522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.653182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037275603","doi":"10.1016/j.clay.2007.02.007","title":"Metal removal through synergic coagulation–flocculation using an optimized chitosan–montmorillonite system","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Clay Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Chitosan; Montmorillonite; Flocculation; Coagulation; Chemistry; Turbidity; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Metal; Water treatment; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.02836468619188329,"score_gpt":0.2849739532156461,"score_spread":0.2566092670237628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037275603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8486013,0.000012998024,0.10099185,0.000026131747,0.00025856175,0.00044512353,0.0000016371997,0.0004213975,0.049241003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8910759,0.0000015022714,0.10872351,0.00006496792,0.00005296553,0.000010340393,0.0000070480132,0.00001543463,0.000048328046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99698937,0.000030677413,0.00047484483,0.000791353,0.0011165369,0.00059721625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988197,0.0000547978,0.00026115426,0.0007027966,0.000020970225,0.00014060075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014479506,0.00023044947,0.000240578,0.00013610834,0.0008098248,0.00013001972,0.00074763875,0.00013127684,0.00013116945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005290855,0.00021034923,0.000050252256,0.0018710068,0.0011160576,0.0013180963,0.00025460002,0.00015665444,0.0001580236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037482434,0.000031746473,0.000252711,0.000004715651,0.00000359641,0.000009205512,0.0002735825,0.18072589,0.8034736,0.013901185,0.0000051906177,0.001281126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006809194,0.000057625795,0.0069988943,0.000013253809,0.00003602997,0.00012260016,0.0012376328,0.23528099,0.75361025,0.0010635908,0.00035403957,0.0005441937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018900646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025280859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054555107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036827388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047204336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85777926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037873515","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.013","title":"The influence of natural organic matter and cations on fouled nanofiltration membrane effective molecular weight cut-off","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Membrane; Organic matter; Filtration (mathematics); Natural organic matter; Effluent; Chromatography; Divalent; Environmental chemistry; Matrix (chemical analysis); Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004310265896956246,"score_gpt":0.2241753221732281,"score_spread":0.21986505627627187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037873515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968084,0.00013728924,0.00010107927,0.0014707374,0.0001885954,0.00027309536,0.0000010455199,0.000015807575,0.0010039251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984457,0.00033116265,0.0008016385,0.00022599273,0.000016280288,0.0000065068,2.701401e-7,0.000008304371,0.00016415793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978641,0.00010346043,0.0004852452,0.00026021057,0.0010191897,0.00026776321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99856156,0.00030869988,0.00052968174,0.00036362102,0.00014190636,0.000094523384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010469427,0.0001556088,0.00021861406,0.0001683959,0.00056772213,0.000049659233,0.0007876798,0.00005846433,0.00011957034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00071324426,0.00009987781,0.000061281375,0.0009970624,0.0021337827,0.00088494166,0.00013192132,0.00029422637,0.0000720131],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042266332,0.00003555078,0.0021300802,0.0000070976957,0.000008677969,0.000011196381,0.00033181667,0.0028846909,0.9932633,0.00024274203,0.000099115394,0.0009434575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003608136,0.00020110428,0.10830911,0.000033136806,0.000015170214,0.00034718073,0.00007217958,0.0003528283,0.8896207,0.00025705024,0.00031260354,0.00011807632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015986967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016666563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.106179036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013308201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009972847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7862011},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038032904","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2011.11.048","title":"More fouling resistant modified PVDF ultrafiltration membranes for water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.05738626744975453,"score_gpt":0.2691134912239534,"score_spread":0.21172722377419886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038032904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9775063,0.000016672111,0.015437876,0.00047533587,0.000110093984,0.0007167305,0.000008654109,0.0002689027,0.0054594595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99225116,0.000021978005,0.006513281,0.00006296638,0.000022951304,0.00022047061,0.0001020581,0.000014669072,0.00079049624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991216,0.000026017595,0.0002226099,0.0002667373,0.0001681674,0.00019483667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996369,0.000030890376,0.00006580739,0.00021393396,0.000020014095,0.000032494285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019495748,0.00012716104,0.000106753905,0.000056077406,0.00015456855,0.000023974206,0.00012079849,0.000098814686,0.00032809027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048295613,0.00009201911,0.000052387644,0.00008635716,0.00007475477,0.00039655477,0.0000174978,0.000032569715,0.00012119826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024899808,0.00020983345,0.000493243,0.000041618638,0.000024762376,0.000003025672,0.0051176725,0.004244217,0.9714055,0.0059670606,0.00017775371,0.012066327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047435914,0.00020360725,0.0015033862,0.0000038768485,0.000021219188,0.0000016659119,0.00021417593,0.008199643,0.98284346,0.0039192317,0.0024724947,0.00014289588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001554929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008523472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0147448545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017178158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050713056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37524304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038194273","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.047","title":"Flux dependent oil permeation in the ultrafiltration of highly concentrated and unstable oil-in-water emulsions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Emulsion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Phase inversion; Critical point (mathematics); Membrane technology; Materials science; Oil droplet; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score_opus":0.019922653755707596,"score_gpt":0.23462187508726604,"score_spread":0.21469922133155844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038194273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905141,0.00003348039,0.00004874661,0.0003827539,0.00008603586,0.000049705843,8.209841e-7,0.0000065864856,0.008877771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888295,0.00018037329,0.0006756963,0.000060283066,0.0000067342107,0.00000255912,5.8390276e-7,0.0000030126162,0.00018778085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983333,0.00009333231,0.0004956805,0.00017393263,0.00066417246,0.0002395937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994382,0.000060568895,0.0002273082,0.00017970927,0.000044627777,0.000049547503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018848128,0.00009007815,0.00015631836,0.00018929556,0.000101978054,0.000037143134,0.0005365478,0.000050463696,0.00035377886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019386315,0.000053029427,0.000024161582,0.00064409187,0.0006749395,0.0010106396,0.000052174626,0.00019046139,0.000013603033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003087087,0.00008668689,0.008249554,0.000009220036,0.0000012763992,0.0000115962375,0.004048407,0.0013790529,0.98345417,0.00020981948,0.000018981273,0.0025003476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053538627,0.00013364803,0.045797102,0.000041000807,0.00000728683,0.00009103293,0.0019907143,0.00119256,0.94975317,0.00028326196,0.00008970843,0.000085136846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020273906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025194636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037547547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009327798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048664024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38736305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038835131","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2008.010","title":"Biological filtration for membrane pre-treatment and other applications: towards the development of a practically-oriented performance parameter","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Icon; Citation; Filtration (mathematics); Computer science; Download; Filter (signal processing); World Wide Web; Library science; Information retrieval; Mathematics","score_opus":0.07938879937988313,"score_gpt":0.33195669215900814,"score_spread":0.252567892779125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038835131","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99424344,0.00014402009,0.0018834949,0.002847583,0.000012151415,0.00073062547,0.0000044437647,0.000022967859,0.00011124486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9740035,0.00056152727,0.024956638,0.000018187038,0.000013334399,0.00023271765,0.0000028952754,0.000006251288,0.00020497816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987863,0.00005366462,0.00041850432,0.00019135054,0.00027452403,0.00027568042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993152,0.00018786029,0.00013304202,0.00020845525,0.00010426431,0.000051168117],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008629197,0.000108208966,0.00019397838,0.00018564296,0.00030751523,0.000017467599,0.00025205046,0.00015433147,0.00008188724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001947617,0.00005197867,0.000026682808,0.00025783834,0.0011813163,0.00016561043,0.0001571183,0.00023627527,0.000009948135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012123436,0.0011144856,0.20715871,0.000100701574,0.00024057353,0.000010611296,0.0039898604,0.000019480147,0.58082926,0.0012336939,0.0007193912,0.20337085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069566775,0.0020820403,0.006868294,0.00001620871,0.000008876157,0.00023352215,0.00044447317,0.00016497205,0.9323905,0.0019781934,0.05502598,0.00009125074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008872721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012256234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35156122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006930499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004685623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43526092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038946225","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2012.672214","title":"Variability and limits of the unified membrane fouling index: application to the reduction of low-pressure membrane fouling by ozonation and biofiltration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Biofouling; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Ozone; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012674808432575502,"score_gpt":0.2381483178135698,"score_spread":0.22547350938099428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038946225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935124,0.00007300884,0.0029307695,0.002495018,0.000058685524,0.0007403872,0.000010702614,0.00002533357,0.00015369235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99922115,0.0001067191,0.000421653,0.00003102744,0.00001559326,0.00006936042,0.000030301688,0.00000607996,0.000098129465],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991536,0.00010679032,0.00023975843,0.0002014675,0.00018569312,0.00011269167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999555,0.00005060192,0.00012067196,0.0002100006,0.000026797543,0.000036940688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048002796,0.00010980716,0.000115752184,0.000038664442,0.00014847092,0.000019343011,0.00006971761,0.000083107414,0.000015240948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004210002,0.000060668877,0.000018416327,0.00014498833,0.00016965649,0.0002856557,0.000052527346,0.00004357066,0.000002076478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055266733,0.00018271462,0.023701875,0.000063413056,0.000033414388,2.0622656e-8,0.0034457897,0.0026294002,0.94519967,0.001969896,0.00001831688,0.022700243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037180606,0.00006854841,0.029747749,0.000010133191,0.00005421232,0.0000037714788,0.00029346027,0.0048534647,0.96348053,0.0003312331,0.00070580747,0.00007926647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001836161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021388807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022620976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005156302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036765236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2474005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039240772","doi":"10.1021/es803615g","title":"Assessing the Performance of Biological Filtration As Pretreatment to Low Pressure Membranes for Drinking Water","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilter; Filtration (mathematics); Biopolymer; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Organic matter; Biofouling; Chromatography; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012879777375700528,"score_gpt":0.2629976834147816,"score_spread":0.2501179060390811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039240772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955066,0.00004714059,0.00044211964,0.0020082789,0.00006420007,0.0008733999,0.0000025833338,0.00014544738,0.00091025804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965401,0.000045369856,0.002873843,0.0002322396,0.000011034959,0.000110599016,0.0000049377954,0.0000065747327,0.00017526603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982036,0.000022851444,0.00029063958,0.0005633242,0.00041594566,0.00050366163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992897,0.00003647712,0.00010093655,0.000513885,0.000004924223,0.00005410047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005190286,0.00018805405,0.00018804353,0.00017047298,0.0005621636,0.000056761477,0.0009853934,0.00015609953,0.0004447528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079632875,0.00010985077,0.00004844373,0.0005557127,0.0016570326,0.0005773268,0.00035250545,0.0001308021,0.00015751077],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012664566,0.00009840239,0.014674689,0.0000037587274,0.000003837837,6.903601e-7,0.00025109,0.0043293317,0.9609325,0.00021412046,0.000019031531,0.019459909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015389678,0.00082497037,0.028781395,0.0000107578935,0.000010792217,0.000017300832,0.0005060639,0.00149313,0.96458167,0.0010127234,0.0024514545,0.00015584182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067162114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026973564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019304067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018335802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011123282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61054057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039653229","doi":"10.1139/s07-028","title":"Coagulation assisted membrane filtration to treat high strength wastewater from municipal solid waste anaerobic digesters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Discovery Air (Canada); University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Aeration; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Organic matter; Wastewater; Coagulation; Alum; Anaerobic digestion; Suspended solids; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Methane","score_opus":0.011039716267475503,"score_gpt":0.2065439974469287,"score_spread":0.1955042811794532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039653229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990311,0.000026948333,0.0004884529,0.00012882585,0.00013976154,0.00008846399,0.000008943034,0.000023998917,0.000063492604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932956,0.0000755388,0.0064106826,0.000039802966,0.000033948607,0.0000023465955,0.000003825976,0.000009618033,0.00012861431],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986372,0.000016256705,0.00034010873,0.00023975744,0.00053224526,0.00023443908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944437,0.00004143628,0.00013794101,0.00019609187,0.0000037513691,0.00017640243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020891678,0.00015274838,0.00018766294,0.00014931677,0.00018419832,0.00004377077,0.0002848364,0.0000526567,0.00020277138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004643399,0.00012891933,0.00003717575,0.00023707152,0.00031426514,0.00073040556,0.00012666358,0.0001363676,0.000023768402],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016372667,0.000034853427,0.001298447,0.0000016810068,0.000003909582,0.000013325867,0.00052978774,0.15078107,0.8463749,0.0000049920536,0.000027537302,0.0009130835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005448136,0.00032136706,0.23260812,0.00003003757,0.00001956683,0.00015589492,0.00034216672,0.023236392,0.7422793,0.0000113153155,0.00020477764,0.0002462207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055894652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005680136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23130968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021841268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008717461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5257178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040253332","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2013.11.005","title":"Treatment of oil sands process-affected water with ceramic ultrafiltration membrane: Effects of operating conditions on membrane performance","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Nanofiltration; Chemical oxygen demand; Ceramic membrane; Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Turbidity; Microfiltration; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006236619115574456,"score_gpt":0.24029851346040895,"score_spread":0.2340618943448345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040253332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957989,0.000027781736,0.00017633196,0.0007552041,0.000031549083,0.0006753835,0.0000048034613,0.00021050306,0.002319538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981401,0.00024140881,0.00047563986,0.000026147467,0.0000072898765,0.0005362654,0.00011133082,0.000013822861,0.00044798088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988021,0.00005235408,0.00039154,0.00035098454,0.00020829194,0.00019471829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991958,0.000056837544,0.0002744711,0.00036054378,0.00007613219,0.000036189616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006777968,0.0002019426,0.0002690622,0.00024241387,0.00016863784,0.000022435224,0.00013838132,0.00020939407,0.00037195435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047989524,0.00013910003,0.000025242001,0.00045627166,0.00043785342,0.00036368408,0.00001313014,0.0000917687,0.00010862317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025079,0.00022382967,0.0032136103,0.0001229578,0.000021766358,3.7149064e-7,0.00056576746,0.0021853456,0.9831303,0.00097517896,0.000019043306,0.009516752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008624812,0.0013227001,0.013877468,0.00003218469,0.000026019581,0.000014871081,0.00018490099,0.003956614,0.97931224,0.0001597053,0.00009514552,0.00015564692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003081869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016059525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010663858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005730601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017395716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56723344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040542910","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.06.017","title":"Performance of the submerged membrane electro-bioreactor (SMEBR) with iron electrodes for wastewater treatment and fouling reduction","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Membrane; Bioreactor; Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrode; Wastewater; Effluent; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.01731409238126886,"score_gpt":0.22124886080868006,"score_spread":0.2039347684274112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040542910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986491,0.000040746876,0.0000321514,0.00025599837,0.00013541922,0.00031918808,0.0000011271558,0.000014844054,0.0005513798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99546736,0.00022183897,0.00407126,0.00001168432,0.000027780816,0.000009980188,2.0606443e-7,0.000010255641,0.00017962337],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848545,0.000033139215,0.00039399113,0.00025488838,0.00048648007,0.00034606058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990152,0.000026033184,0.0005213431,0.0002902984,0.000067156245,0.00007993059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081826036,0.00016318473,0.00024282384,0.00012820738,0.00026255395,0.000025081123,0.00052207126,0.000050720402,0.00007500745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077095116,0.00008676275,0.000067699584,0.0005482535,0.0010051855,0.00078059867,0.00006178111,0.00013241712,0.0000021195312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032402712,0.00006788116,0.0037952035,0.000021091493,0.000010143237,5.160284e-7,0.0007076496,0.00035958187,0.9928284,0.00004143116,0.000009544258,0.0018344745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000589597,0.0016899302,0.009177797,0.000032419506,0.00004721195,0.0002184293,0.00020958303,0.00070222013,0.9870552,0.000051457795,0.00011529289,0.00011086492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004148591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014935284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00577326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017822844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000095302734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37036481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040748169","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.119","title":"Cationisation of silicon wafers to assess the development of a solid sorbent for the removal of anionic contaminants in paper machine white water","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Silanization; Chemical engineering; Silane; Sorbent; Adsorption; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021216070151493512,"score_gpt":0.2549346404475178,"score_spread":0.23371857029602428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040748169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786583,0.000055458495,0.020723158,0.00029831022,0.00007225001,0.00015944133,0.0000013407229,0.000005436671,0.00002630292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99304646,0.0000054945026,0.0068829167,0.000012218869,0.0000126085915,0.000014691495,0.0000015052547,0.0000055855526,0.000018517481],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928707,0.000008281947,0.0003372781,0.000053896205,0.00016547959,0.00014797563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996994,0.00007121498,0.00008102848,0.00010549716,0.000014979143,0.000027842922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053291756,0.000062181636,0.00010741774,0.000027942797,0.000029269564,0.0000039780966,0.00018497068,0.000037104288,0.00007489646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012318164,0.000033281885,0.000030515026,0.000077239725,0.000039040737,0.000089191555,0.000061965016,0.00009741244,0.0000018999466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013214127,0.000026571977,0.001571806,0.000016318349,0.000008205946,6.959645e-8,0.0015413159,0.019873047,0.97422934,0.000026952965,0.000022489334,0.0026706639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017343051,0.000012129385,0.017119247,0.000022658103,0.0000060774873,0.000013805106,0.00013645814,0.0044015357,0.9774521,0.000014488692,0.0006029363,0.00004516218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037975506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036182946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015547441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009988032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010285219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1357196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040836780","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2013.04.006","title":"Membrane bioreactor technology: A novel approach to the treatment of compost leachate","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Leachate; Effluent; Compost; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Ammonia; Nitrite; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Nitrate; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Mass spectrometry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Wastewater; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018336366479615774,"score_gpt":0.22064667503371446,"score_spread":0.20231030855409868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040836780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88338524,0.00004497049,0.0053387755,0.0065036933,0.00012297028,0.0033167533,0.000011707718,0.0003012512,0.10097464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812025,0.00007216832,0.0133082215,0.00014850746,0.000012458017,0.00056001,0.000007642577,0.000015187425,0.0046733366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988721,0.000014084374,0.00023907103,0.00034428458,0.00026485004,0.0002656206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907905,0.000012839231,0.00009144632,0.0007654327,0.000007789122,0.00004346941],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089864174,0.00017609111,0.00018147167,0.00013994874,0.00008763401,0.00002847215,0.00056965,0.000057446316,0.00032078082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005353191,0.00010988189,0.00005211381,0.0005887813,0.00020237429,0.00008455916,0.00033076527,0.000048754,0.0012782807],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008087833,0.00622258,0.0038038334,0.00018617486,0.00059970364,0.0000087091985,0.0036993616,0.045609247,0.45798513,0.035661306,0.027797583,0.41834548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025026952,0.0013756229,0.010792274,0.000041292627,0.0001593971,0.00001213891,0.013159004,0.015742116,0.4179097,0.0006009868,0.5368521,0.0008526529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001955573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019572111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50905454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013149633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015574785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041499834","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2005.07.006","title":"The effect of hydrodynamic conditions and system configurations on the permeate flux in a submerged hollow fiber membrane system","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flux (metallurgy); Permeation; Steady state (chemistry); Air sparging; Mechanics; Membrane; Fiber; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.005671048681690777,"score_gpt":0.23045716013962525,"score_spread":0.22478611145793448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041499834","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877591,0.00006452257,0.000012697993,0.0019741284,0.00016982619,0.00045173592,0.000007038594,0.000029948345,0.00953101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939084,0.0000312758,0.00006312574,0.000027744089,0.000025279964,0.000022534348,5.091511e-7,0.000008201774,0.00043049752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974908,0.0002920514,0.000692915,0.0002446257,0.00095481816,0.00032473987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818385,0.00068570086,0.0005513503,0.00043483597,0.00005005765,0.00009421178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039073057,0.00017445188,0.0003183058,0.00020342566,0.0006579831,0.00010358856,0.0008953375,0.0000636598,0.00016235792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005513425,0.00009008837,0.0000904045,0.0009640781,0.0015707597,0.0005222788,0.000095891584,0.00033246132,0.0001006597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014676579,0.000042422595,0.00073943223,0.00010062731,0.000024155657,0.000019882938,0.0005019569,0.04946961,0.9429435,0.004060212,0.00029490708,0.0016565229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020771709,0.0008458379,0.017557623,0.00056483055,0.00008527691,0.00079619157,0.0026720474,0.079952486,0.8939981,0.00003408824,0.0010902463,0.0003261166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003249696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000085431064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048945423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034391214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006209106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57875293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041523589","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:12(1450)","title":"Impact of Membrane Surface Modification on the Treatment of Surface Water","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Chemistry; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Surface water; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Polymer chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.013276079833021068,"score_gpt":0.22593909389157898,"score_spread":0.21266301405855792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041523589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99917245,0.000070016016,0.00032698645,0.00012221084,0.00004676445,0.00013294267,0.0000105533945,0.000009056512,0.00010900848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986071,0.000294481,0.001035988,0.0000030553265,0.000009706522,8.811475e-7,0.0000019261781,0.000012873204,0.00003398202],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905425,0.000015239897,0.00037576506,0.000096396914,0.0003124198,0.00014594466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947596,0.00004731359,0.00020265036,0.00022958114,0.0000026291805,0.00004187417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015361096,0.0001400424,0.00020689356,0.000033497487,0.000026189182,0.0000053781764,0.00019514322,0.00005080504,0.00043957087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001082213,0.00007632961,0.0001634692,0.00006867276,0.00009724116,0.0001388054,0.000026087746,0.000086083324,0.00003862366],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018157836,0.00015853552,0.0008842084,0.0000018902837,0.00003092638,0.0000013651382,0.00020458679,0.50572306,0.49284193,0.000012568597,0.000003408339,0.00011933277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052532303,0.0010026016,0.023663877,0.00001599916,0.000020384792,0.000017061486,0.00007387512,0.0014314883,0.9730239,0.00003788095,0.00010564506,0.000081986866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036212336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.379851e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5042916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005525236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004951354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48129928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043412872","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.05.031","title":"Development and characterization of poly(vinylidene fluoride)–poly(acrylic acid) pore-filled pH-sensitive membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Acrylic acid; Microporous material; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemistry; Degree of polymerization; Polymerization; Materials science; Polymer; Monomer; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01319912474136897,"score_gpt":0.2459866681404487,"score_spread":0.23278754339907973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043412872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99504936,0.00018399907,0.002106734,0.0003788911,0.00032015465,0.00018013561,0.00000281893,0.000036405338,0.0017414816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856299,0.00018209266,0.0137808435,0.00014355927,0.000053217773,0.0000014632532,0.0000021443116,0.000013493014,0.00019327457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99665767,0.000044522414,0.0010524328,0.0003692085,0.0014042583,0.00047189964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998124,0.000107297856,0.0010680743,0.00029351082,0.00016436403,0.0002427248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034577916,0.00023272278,0.00043547954,0.0005008932,0.00028502234,0.000063244675,0.00067786,0.000109779154,0.00022820385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049185316,0.00019063131,0.00007080273,0.0013107415,0.0012700921,0.0013003161,0.00028085388,0.00024413054,0.000027561176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000946892,0.0000570603,0.0009778866,0.00002420555,0.000011785825,0.000040505383,0.0011531973,0.000015859347,0.95797926,0.00012177527,0.00000721266,0.039516583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004894494,0.000114440525,0.067016646,0.000057190267,0.00001671722,0.0003427009,0.00057157903,0.00012777206,0.92969704,0.000040972347,0.0013314261,0.00019404327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000188659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024747293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06603876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002039384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017246525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77737194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043742251","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2010.1663","title":"Ripening of granular media filters for pretreatment of seawater in membrane desalination","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Seawater; Turbidity; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Filter (signal processing); Chemistry; Desalination; Chromatography; Suspended solids; Membrane; Adsorption; Pulp and paper industry; Sand filter; Pilot plant; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Activated carbon; Environmental science; Wastewater; Engineering; Mathematics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014114267739215293,"score_gpt":0.24606711665654327,"score_spread":0.23195284891732798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043742251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99806195,0.000011503843,0.0005009132,0.00038884036,0.00007135667,0.0006894233,0.000014093606,0.000026026712,0.00023587796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931376,0.000027728112,0.006359172,0.00001463836,0.000005566778,0.00018419942,0.000113051676,0.000009024429,0.00014903143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917424,0.000027125696,0.00029364758,0.000208659,0.00015254208,0.00014378391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996446,0.0000615954,0.00008518162,0.00015743963,0.000020184356,0.000031005522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002057277,0.00012452972,0.00018424427,0.00011865327,0.000035966128,0.000009077145,0.000070131,0.000084745334,0.00013743616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028264445,0.00008262327,0.000043512347,0.00008135739,0.00012348665,0.00018182246,0.000029153201,0.00003486224,0.00000668688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000114804294,0.0004251681,0.050183535,0.000049541428,0.000030776773,0.0000026610012,0.004652448,0.000657482,0.91542524,0.0017516762,0.000019015843,0.026687656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015048926,0.00022521835,0.016630072,0.000007946065,0.000025891506,0.000002003696,0.00008685841,0.0018711666,0.9779405,0.0010136603,0.00060566765,0.00008611915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025143515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003698471,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062515266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007311851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045532784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33692792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044121119","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2010.991","title":"First year performance review of Magong UF/RO Seawater Desalination Plant","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Reverse osmosis plant; Seawater; Environmental engineering; Pilot plant; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Process engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.011764770292308052,"score_gpt":0.22741782822712664,"score_spread":0.2156530579348186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044121119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99548244,0.00007458917,0.00007085849,0.0016229552,0.00008602385,0.0003343376,0.000008523675,0.00006339208,0.0022568768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945887,0.0027715582,0.001583106,0.00011085956,0.000012036568,0.00005316692,0.00010182485,0.000008177123,0.0007705969],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992886,0.000018813505,0.00020813037,0.000185349,0.00016909972,0.00012998085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968994,0.000013780009,0.00006051674,0.00018374267,0.000016806207,0.000035195495],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017828743,0.00011318787,0.00012934745,0.000044034896,0.00008396945,0.000014707535,0.0000767941,0.000060709244,0.0010713852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012530488,0.00007019865,0.00002880603,0.00006341473,0.00009400331,0.00023480949,0.000045274777,0.000050354898,0.00022256075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000239781,0.0020231325,0.45818004,0.005237826,0.00023715523,0.000035130397,0.006050723,0.000701701,0.30360955,0.013109208,0.0061712456,0.20440449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007736844,0.00027495102,0.040301833,0.00018369628,0.0000454992,0.000019012818,0.000032182023,0.00170149,0.90268797,0.00026847402,0.0534956,0.00021563115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000524479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005996705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5990784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058237136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035346825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044201206","doi":"10.1002/jctb.1096","title":"Impact of chemical oxidation on sludge properties and membrane flux in membrane separation bioreactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Lakehead University","funders":"Lakehead University","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Hypochlorite; Sodium hypochlorite; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane reactor; Chlorine; Chemical engineering; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.016512298443867326,"score_gpt":0.26676809505257465,"score_spread":0.25025579660870734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044201206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99424976,0.00014560438,0.00009140397,0.0048233704,0.000055569122,0.00028254182,0.0000034840643,0.00019756379,0.00015071036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973117,0.00017929166,0.0024031221,0.0000397497,0.000017182287,0.000012763047,0.000004895132,0.00002296437,0.000008324343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977436,0.00003089125,0.0010106579,0.00043030048,0.00036357358,0.00042099945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986297,0.000056433677,0.0007073227,0.00047829188,0.00005443053,0.000073858595],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003352673,0.00033038692,0.0007148261,0.0010075265,0.000030846433,0.000012794561,0.0006981073,0.0015496917,0.00009148438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000851078,0.0002562311,0.00015075659,0.0013489551,0.001801026,0.00030409635,0.0002890892,0.0011034984,0.000032710956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019648146,0.0003229476,0.0026862416,0.000018758776,0.000042374424,0.000020767717,0.000061536855,0.00020152378,0.98888475,0.0010463127,0.000051219457,0.006467086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014632365,0.0008298896,0.000880098,0.0000883478,0.000025332249,0.00034222112,0.00007913919,0.00006224808,0.99111736,0.004798086,0.000090452515,0.00022359508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042732707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004882402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0062434906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005606493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006783812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999989},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044282295","doi":"10.1002/apj.5500140125","title":"Development and Validation of an Unsteady State Numerical Model of Fouling within a Crystalline Systern","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Desalination; Heat transfer; Mass transfer; Boundary layer; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Deposition (geology); Membrane fouling; Transport phenomena; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Membrane; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.012685370556072013,"score_gpt":0.22018095362207535,"score_spread":0.20749558306600333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044282295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840301,0.00003340282,0.015739579,0.0000047778617,0.0000061361175,0.00006987962,8.959735e-7,0.00003647429,0.00007869911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7921482,0.0000012536457,0.20779747,0.0000031052866,0.0000022354438,0.000006733896,0.000009170426,0.000007710741,0.000024145418],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908966,0.000003726434,0.0004124174,0.00019630528,0.00016379397,0.0001340754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997961,0.000010086558,0.00010111604,0.00005087031,0.000010095071,0.000031764135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000155951,0.0001133267,0.0001688362,0.000059578033,0.000017521836,0.000012042673,0.00007000145,0.00005464548,0.0000012834884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025960107,0.000107956505,0.000005856172,0.0001464491,0.000047124857,0.00017967589,0.000077938006,0.00007557295,2.0685025e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009098426,0.000040441286,0.0016837858,0.00014924275,0.0000024027086,8.4102265e-7,0.0006345851,0.34516495,0.64426464,0.000016494661,5.262661e-7,0.008032978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020458172,0.0000060634757,0.00069846725,0.00009500883,0.0000018546871,0.0000029105172,0.000033787666,0.47303256,0.5257623,0.00004961978,0.0000061906144,0.00010664247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026272719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028356508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19205788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005137649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019245324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44023386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044363995","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2015.1009116","title":"Optimization of Chemical Cleaning for Improvement of Membrane Performance and Fouling Control in Drinking Water Treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Chemistry; Citric acid; Sodium hypochlorite; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chromatography; Hypochlorite; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01699093796287661,"score_gpt":0.26763595278252605,"score_spread":0.25064501481964946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044363995","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99354964,0.000014895777,0.005339013,0.000505943,0.00002075036,0.00035054443,7.459431e-7,0.000029453486,0.00018899771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949142,0.000020349797,0.004984369,0.000020022659,0.000002485843,0.000043229713,0.0000016073536,0.0000028993604,0.000010865827],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991879,0.000004582973,0.00024294744,0.0002295463,0.00017427006,0.00016076678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996826,0.000018489383,0.00009195778,0.00012384228,0.000058284873,0.000024804624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005089989,0.000071784285,0.00015033975,0.00020107416,0.00004874672,0.000010078111,0.00011585199,0.0000740286,0.000006550988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009964911,0.000054192176,0.0000073913416,0.00038379492,0.0006770118,0.00036475467,0.00008093769,0.000034007535,8.6339423e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000287783,0.000023996909,0.007461261,0.000007975037,0.0000019618997,1.1045534e-7,0.0003010342,0.012949125,0.9660459,0.00056295685,0.0000026650296,0.012614223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00075866026,0.00035734143,0.00007867882,0.000006705924,0.0000044716357,0.000002358148,0.00022015448,0.16462703,0.833327,0.0005155757,0.000050598377,0.000051441777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022051385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009624995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1516779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009252554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025857327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24944782},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044373942","doi":"10.2118/173188-pa","title":"Assessing the Biotreatability of Produced Water From a Qatari Gas Field","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Membrane bioreactor; Suspended solids; Chemical oxygen demand; Produced water; Refinery; Reuse; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Activated sludge; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Water treatment; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.019430529371359525,"score_gpt":0.27675081357499864,"score_spread":0.2573202842036391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044373942","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98936063,0.000009094985,0.0012378258,0.005646551,0.00012240859,0.000057232966,6.836684e-7,0.000018937882,0.0035466142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99753594,0.00000756288,0.0022070997,0.00011577118,0.00006783737,9.0680857e-7,0.000001014859,0.000003300151,0.00006055811],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999277,0.000081954575,0.00018957161,0.00012182181,0.0001992461,0.00013041761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994798,0.0000870732,0.000085205094,0.00031422448,0.000007906288,0.000025801095],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058149145,0.000060845243,0.000090098496,0.000014371315,0.00012352051,0.00006947417,0.00027858527,0.0000423816,0.0032191866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027266797,0.000029416584,0.000038323113,0.000054648295,0.0001226908,0.00024953057,0.00011828236,0.00019812187,0.0001410649],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013907955,0.0000560816,0.114427865,0.0000040248906,0.000013715378,0.000002055047,0.000607417,0.00026768967,0.81888366,0.00005976531,0.002323881,0.06333993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000112581576,0.00004901318,0.03894716,0.0000074612126,0.0000091583515,0.000012920122,0.00014916282,0.00046257698,0.9469609,0.009355318,0.0038781879,0.000055523215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003026155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005388652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12807727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044544624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000057101142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044479249","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.075","title":"Characteristics of wastewater and mixed liquor and their role in membrane fouling","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Wastewater; Membrane; Volatile suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Activated sludge; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008515591826173693,"score_gpt":0.20629216437869627,"score_spread":0.19777657255252257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044479249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998547,0.0003351024,0.000022567248,0.0004837711,0.000024595964,0.00014048602,0.000004385151,0.00013395667,0.00030809036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99886197,0.00009279789,0.00093770976,0.0000238876,0.000007745677,0.000014939864,0.0000018363526,0.000010785008,0.000048357233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992295,0.000021701593,0.00021991767,0.00019163334,0.00006409551,0.00027317944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958295,0.000038054633,0.000091169284,0.0002464483,0.0000034283971,0.00003797444],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019596376,0.00012515407,0.00021450517,0.00018215667,0.000035442634,0.000006094782,0.00016721967,0.00023960735,0.000074685784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009579793,0.00009940982,0.0000131530105,0.00024492264,0.00057444395,0.00008295257,0.0003811809,0.00014251658,0.000020253665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014275142,0.00004398441,0.3664938,0.000016446656,0.0000044395874,9.58332e-7,0.00059683464,0.0000020241773,0.5974487,0.0003592429,0.000011433819,0.03500788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002650728,0.00008195574,0.12475146,0.000016076925,0.0000055268893,0.000029484703,0.0012579137,0.0002771986,0.8674816,0.0005722291,0.005102135,0.00015934111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030476642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014712009,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2700329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000212516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018225031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4053815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044712394","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.04.4","title":"Mitigating Low-Pressure Membrane Fouling by Controlling the Charge of Precipitated Floc Particles","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Particulates; Coagulation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface charge; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Biofouling; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00699965593195522,"score_gpt":0.23866524408085654,"score_spread":0.2316655881489013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044712394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909061,0.0007846315,0.0029138196,0.0043547084,0.00010800592,0.00023280164,0.0000044377052,0.00007790326,0.00061756704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980059,0.00034449383,0.0012873524,0.00015185233,0.00003772936,0.000009914572,0.0000023089235,0.000013234826,0.00014717809],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981845,0.00014290784,0.0008452585,0.00020948563,0.00036223273,0.00025562927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984134,0.00028532316,0.00087737024,0.00028509667,0.00008228469,0.000056546705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011217527,0.00017390947,0.00044057242,0.00014837764,0.00019423434,0.000036246147,0.00042820314,0.0002397354,0.00020049552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074439053,0.0001218043,0.00007773356,0.0004325856,0.00062410417,0.00033367678,0.000100889345,0.00037404033,0.000018934854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007571523,0.000055523218,0.0018569549,0.000037936476,0.000063984335,0.0000016561198,0.00034962545,0.003743499,0.9838439,0.0016414104,0.00084039377,0.0074893786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011326616,0.00030866443,0.00015712982,0.000054511114,0.00007692467,0.00006220451,0.0005814846,0.03203263,0.9585513,0.0017309424,0.0051678475,0.0001436941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001695632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012755206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028289134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002000106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013694123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49670354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045040119","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.024","title":"Effect of bio-mediated route synthesized silver nanoparticles for modification of polyethersulfone membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Silver nanoparticle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Crystallinity; Bovine serum albumin; Nanoparticle; Nanocomposite; Surface modification; Permeation; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.005565688545241906,"score_gpt":0.2060119036831881,"score_spread":0.2004462151379462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045040119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99927074,0.00016841793,0.0001827898,0.000052997624,0.000016524897,0.00017653692,0.000009524442,0.00005059945,0.00007185332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99943566,0.000042937983,0.00046498768,0.000003245344,0.0000066744997,0.000019887335,0.000004364653,0.000008231197,0.000014013483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994628,0.000018327515,0.00014959999,0.0001626679,0.00008946396,0.00011712777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923444,0.0005513151,0.00005888322,0.00010773516,0.000007124139,0.000040507548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002017285,0.000105109044,0.00023689454,0.000018526904,0.000024274705,0.000008436475,0.00006733951,0.000055889068,0.000005309029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028422984,0.00008394031,0.00003269504,0.00011887169,0.00012807955,0.000061003615,0.000038195278,0.00003526382,0.0000010733884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005590657,0.000019430197,0.00028755562,0.00018631705,0.000012016433,3.6295354e-8,0.00006366266,0.0018061545,0.99524015,0.00026038053,0.000011002865,0.0020573726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041672846,0.00015431,0.00088986655,0.000024095936,0.000019119881,3.451437e-7,0.000012061202,0.07672271,0.9214366,0.00015142691,0.00008748659,0.00008521596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027011527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.142431e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07491656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009267078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018689387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34229863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045257750","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00457-9","title":"Fluid mechanics and mass transport in centrifugal membrane separation","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Membrane; Mechanics; Centrifugal force; Separation process; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.009811972892396485,"score_gpt":0.24799440788508753,"score_spread":0.23818243499269104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045257750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99194664,0.000095737574,0.0007590633,0.0009137823,0.00016697963,0.00017943312,0.0000020676703,0.000030371102,0.005905907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943962,0.0007483391,0.0042391513,0.00014659342,0.000027797754,0.0000022735126,5.7337917e-7,0.00000861948,0.00043043523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975172,0.00005069325,0.0006504862,0.00033075255,0.0010573483,0.00039348556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927086,0.000047089376,0.00022232009,0.00025013986,0.00003504767,0.00017453861],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019496626,0.00016635148,0.0002846261,0.00025979133,0.00015770024,0.00005673111,0.0006679853,0.00009568435,0.002509315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000117648626,0.00014085602,0.000057065703,0.0012168265,0.0004014529,0.0015363892,0.000037122703,0.00028867132,0.00009107474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012669586,0.00007931964,0.0027211506,0.000014650723,0.0000041106405,0.000075201075,0.00053111365,0.030317098,0.95706433,0.0003889368,0.000081178674,0.008596189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023361875,0.0005210808,0.018294796,0.00009514109,0.000035677433,0.000681007,0.00045382173,0.044613708,0.91957265,0.0029399097,0.00990909,0.0005469228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033454067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043634896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037491698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017492293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094695526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99840254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045606472","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.015","title":"Assessing the role of feed water constituents in irreversible membrane fouling of pilot-scale ultrafiltration drinking water treatment systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Particulates; Chemistry; Colloid; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Organic matter; Water treatment; Sedimentation; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05955788010983292,"score_gpt":0.3243711227991246,"score_spread":0.2648132426892917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045606472","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99282545,0.000021960353,0.000035515837,0.00040609957,0.0000567113,0.0008959341,9.4780364e-7,0.000029657478,0.005727745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99898183,0.000017903847,0.00014858787,0.000005927136,0.0000124936705,0.00013187557,0.000018060267,0.000012042758,0.00067128753],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99778587,0.0002965189,0.0004214571,0.0002876727,0.00065188634,0.00055657723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994225,0.000050314015,0.000039284634,0.0003976211,0.0000488272,0.000041475396],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012504462,0.00013000984,0.00022026444,0.00016922118,0.00018737462,0.0001356608,0.0003836698,0.000079414065,0.0009813335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017393442,0.00005837771,0.000038602175,0.00016110222,0.0004749627,0.0007693756,0.00023203502,0.00018648668,0.00060117553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012937283,0.00010291017,0.022045933,0.000028854181,0.00001106538,0.0000014874931,0.0022930996,0.0037343747,0.97108895,0.00002588764,0.000010305672,0.0006441711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037226433,0.00012767506,0.0015359486,0.00004292938,0.0000047638646,0.0000036107197,0.0023864678,0.0024943962,0.9921014,0.00044181512,0.00040535352,0.000083425075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007572208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018274249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021012375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021265715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010846161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045969809","doi":"10.1515/jnetdy.2004.055","title":"Modelling mass transport through a porous partition: Effect of pore size distribution","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":177,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Merck Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Knudsen diffusion; Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Porosity; Knudsen number; Permeation; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Microporous material; Knudsen flow; Chemical engineering; Gaseous diffusion; Water vapor; Diffusion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008360935498397256,"score_gpt":0.23344334713573106,"score_spread":0.2250824116373338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045969809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.830283,0.000043287673,0.16762277,0.00026603293,0.00014546087,0.00018458812,0.000030062136,0.00003593493,0.0013888602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99493384,0.000075002856,0.0048339437,0.000022868324,0.00004820938,0.000003769613,0.000023942232,0.00002271605,0.00003571505],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982051,0.000048821865,0.00071952597,0.00019719618,0.0005570317,0.00027232096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883085,0.000093517614,0.000664413,0.0002985078,0.000042069583,0.000070646005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051841006,0.00021619773,0.00044248067,0.000025324316,0.000053641095,0.000015190014,0.00041195637,0.00017578053,0.00014721454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005136637,0.00017517518,0.00022509134,0.00030756972,0.00024866598,0.0006783909,0.0000434947,0.0002950966,0.000015059903],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027445515,0.000088402216,0.0017383223,0.000046932964,0.00003901663,0.00007450238,0.00024168969,0.8630305,0.1338257,0.000243986,0.000024642675,0.0003718709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008976901,0.0059509086,0.01704224,0.00062611175,0.0006158282,0.0010894552,0.00044754695,0.5076915,0.37630883,0.07938618,0.00044912193,0.0014153483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004992712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000055944342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35533893,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033763525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046918278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71434367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045997135","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22125","title":"Water and nutrients recovering from livestock manure by membrane processes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Digestate; Chemistry; Anaerobic digestion; Reverse osmosis; Biogas; Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Membrane fouling; Manure; Effluent; Membrane technology; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chromatography; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Methane; Agronomy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004706986145849665,"score_gpt":0.16527103149142244,"score_spread":0.16056404534557278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045997135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99856764,0.00012053794,0.00032317144,0.00067326287,0.00005841281,0.00003873429,0.000003030768,0.000013282896,0.00020193523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993086,0.000006303982,0.0005189548,0.0000683501,0.000040884755,0.0000014663214,0.0000022179177,0.000009342122,0.000043890283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994646,0.000006494113,0.00014869454,0.000081750855,0.000117465126,0.00018104647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962765,0.000052407893,0.00004083238,0.0000960496,0.000009075051,0.00017397996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012139021,0.00008247902,0.000106225954,0.000026916718,0.000046571135,0.000043217704,0.0002448814,0.000056732002,0.00017325184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020482395,0.000053173542,0.00001728172,0.00006420286,0.00007459791,0.00013438192,0.000029733605,0.00018721605,0.000013800236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006309031,0.0000039153974,0.0007314439,0.000023471388,0.000015433534,0.000004588539,0.00045683433,0.005366999,0.9909682,0.000018811133,0.0013111816,0.0010927679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014870895,0.00001833042,0.000106842825,0.000034959863,0.000009508242,0.000027422891,0.000009829974,0.0014172813,0.98604834,0.00033827042,0.011744409,0.000096065814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085553795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016366898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010433228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008118765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013842714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21683541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046410576","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2008.07.026","title":"Impact of protein/carbohydrate ratio in the feed wastewater on the membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane; Carbohydrate; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mixed liquor suspended solids; Hydraulic retention time; Wastewater; Activated sludge; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.026404190308969205,"score_gpt":0.2673928857971173,"score_spread":0.24098869548814808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046410576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99515873,0.00002847752,0.000010608362,0.002060067,0.0001264362,0.00062367617,0.0000023419143,0.000016105547,0.00197356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993822,0.000090617854,0.00027332347,0.000121651356,0.00003465712,0.000015402285,4.3994697e-7,0.000013933319,0.00006778421],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99583554,0.00032113004,0.0010659653,0.0003696525,0.0018297499,0.0005779675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979822,0.0003843758,0.0007727781,0.0006915649,0.000066788976,0.00010229463],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0048360163,0.00028624077,0.00046019777,0.0005904186,0.00027564453,0.0000772282,0.002259287,0.00010787555,0.00035983033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011063154,0.00014058343,0.0002044759,0.0030400157,0.0018500466,0.0010516671,0.0001717401,0.0007431048,0.0000443506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012588422,0.00018842866,0.00533409,0.000010039207,0.000008046312,0.00006853515,0.0022822805,0.023316765,0.9683025,0.00013445766,0.000029095769,0.00019988537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084928324,0.00055940286,0.063223965,0.00011965165,0.00000895549,0.00018323227,0.0007000719,0.0022892246,0.93156916,0.00023714789,0.000047961814,0.00021197602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038316025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000091593225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05788987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033590326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024331149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6816574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046851172","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00307-2","title":"The effect of heat-treatment on the ultrafiltration performance of polyethersulfone (PES) hollow-fiber membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fiber; Spinning; Materials science; Composite material; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010338545346608717,"score_gpt":0.2338633692253931,"score_spread":0.2235248238787844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046851172","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98903275,0.000047581558,0.000031089414,0.0003516418,0.0000701397,0.0004457443,0.0000018834271,0.000031222437,0.00998794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99917126,0.00010308805,0.00006307876,0.000015315863,0.0000056347144,0.000058004982,0.000003715747,0.000007153341,0.00057272386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904895,0.00019967103,0.00021362628,0.00013294253,0.0002892397,0.00011556973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908143,0.0004647483,0.000120366756,0.00030762897,0.000012453974,0.000013350603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006131408,0.00010816288,0.000110246794,0.000027923475,0.00016773403,0.000012594263,0.00014923091,0.00005855497,0.00022044781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020711134,0.00005433468,0.00004946567,0.0002322927,0.00021311153,0.000109476656,0.000009701979,0.00005544493,0.00009431607],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005865557,0.00026218838,0.032457996,0.00008104936,0.000100262056,7.9713897e-7,0.0013216009,0.044870447,0.82512707,0.0120229665,0.00053393963,0.082635105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003398014,0.0008198216,0.007580215,0.00000913253,0.000014681235,0.0000012479252,0.00005321227,0.0014386796,0.9878186,0.000079653146,0.0017886364,0.000056330737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053510532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025290778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16269149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008080063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067907904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2413749},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046858768","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2010.04.028","title":"Impact of molecular weight distribution of soluble microbial products on fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Fraction (chemistry); Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Size-exclusion chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Molar mass distribution; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008450895964917535,"score_gpt":0.2649767645592675,"score_spread":0.25652586859434995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046858768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977006,0.000020859528,0.00043810805,0.00085725024,0.000082605075,0.00034825463,0.000013221927,0.00008271815,0.0004563824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989248,0.000041316827,0.00086594315,0.0000068898767,0.0000061105484,0.000023422926,0.00008400671,0.000007186463,0.00004036137],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990143,0.00002807533,0.0003730786,0.000301707,0.00013301792,0.00014981546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992601,0.00002285716,0.00026350978,0.00038971455,0.00004084777,0.00002297032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021919433,0.00012233522,0.00018484381,0.00024393393,0.000039012848,0.00000758134,0.00018108237,0.00027481912,0.00012082598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023235798,0.00011156008,0.000034074976,0.00080798176,0.00038610114,0.00013721651,0.000044379016,0.00022200514,0.000024367439],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003342392,0.00011772793,0.016087117,0.000010011821,0.000005571791,3.6403705e-7,0.00005790844,0.0002487673,0.9722365,0.007584672,0.00012588027,0.003492029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029373096,0.00015974177,0.038094815,0.000006984707,0.0000054257275,0.000004717596,0.000021996082,0.00044915397,0.95900214,0.0011814611,0.00068065623,0.00009919318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009121654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056064917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022007698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000498856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002683697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45492882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046885163","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.069","title":"The importance of fluid dynamics for MBR fouling mitigation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Air sparging; Fluid dynamics; Sparging; Computational fluid dynamics; Eddy; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Environmental science; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental remediation; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.029815070743566662,"score_gpt":0.2992724143529354,"score_spread":0.26945734360936874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046885163","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005895131,0.99556184,0.0008126781,0.0003666727,0.00014574149,0.0013769404,0.00004877811,0.000419211,0.0006786545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009199045,0.9951546,0.0027025284,0.000014307362,0.00004486127,0.0005842314,0.00007897933,0.00006135713,0.00043922366],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812436,0.00004197725,0.00075368263,0.00041110747,0.00020460812,0.00046424588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778295,0.00028892356,0.0008541536,0.0010201472,0.000018209512,0.0000356282],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004920106,0.00032628683,0.0007635149,0.00018323446,0.00022741115,0.000015916805,0.0012229941,0.00094074156,0.000057883837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040028125,0.000225369,0.0002529645,0.0007627063,0.0011156152,0.000056949582,0.00045653558,0.00032114147,0.00011613378],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025902748,0.000017288847,0.00052976253,0.00068606116,0.000030676496,4.0418905e-7,0.000009566736,0.0000026503055,0.00004069062,0.008911987,0.00044950313,0.98931885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007184668,0.000053420285,0.00001076437,0.00026185467,0.00017746509,0.000017334589,0.00006412076,0.00017151539,0.00030652038,0.0018150071,0.9968175,0.00023263844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000049854175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000103131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.996368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029906564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027272015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91902816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047063048","doi":"10.1002/jctb.1455","title":"Performance analysis of an integrated tangential microfilter‐fermenter","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Industrial fermentation; Volumetric flow rate; Rotational speed; Chromatography; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Materials science; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chemistry; Yeast; Fermentation; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.005604811314804363,"score_gpt":0.22616128796719934,"score_spread":0.22055647665239497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047063048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963127,0.000097068485,0.0011682272,0.0016593563,0.00009548714,0.000110818815,0.000011091538,0.00025026948,0.00029498263],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98475885,0.000062897794,0.015017569,0.0000463181,0.000021174113,0.0000058721303,0.000015296615,0.000016477086,0.000055546163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783224,0.00003232737,0.0010565751,0.00036064308,0.0003210486,0.0003971942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830556,0.000026975657,0.0008898164,0.00065211154,0.00007847669,0.00004704387],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029031013,0.00025216985,0.00075291406,0.001637652,0.000044194192,0.00001050697,0.0013259057,0.001189658,0.00060715916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011889065,0.00021131361,0.0002343479,0.0035001906,0.0017578938,0.00024312566,0.00036513005,0.0007789177,0.00003275297],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007494304,0.00025823002,0.012465192,0.0000053589015,0.00022743193,0.000021730963,0.000008264503,0.00020303064,0.963932,0.00031451703,0.00049666077,0.021992682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046914304,0.00041989743,0.0024093685,0.000012600789,0.00036372402,0.00017009882,0.00006834242,0.0013636663,0.9895323,0.0010502494,0.0039552953,0.00018531889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030957734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016810853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025600338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018777687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002346002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9175732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047318575","doi":"10.1002/app.24853","title":"Characterization of surface‐modified hollow fiber polyethersulfone membranes prepared at different air gaps","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Contact angle; Membrane; Polyethylene; Spinning; Composite material; Surface roughness; Morphology (biology); Fiber; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.010970450531116836,"score_gpt":0.23650430339698936,"score_spread":0.22553385286587252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047318575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98933685,0.00007788891,0.00026514765,0.00018903859,0.00021339145,0.00018557537,0.0000044620997,0.000036710364,0.009690964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99827194,0.000036797315,0.0004855301,0.00010067887,0.00003090983,0.0000016742939,0.0000017934707,0.000012781478,0.0010578661],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973265,0.000019586636,0.00074087165,0.00030845264,0.0011925737,0.00041202994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839765,0.00007625288,0.0009113831,0.00039833496,0.000044356948,0.00017203156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000981038,0.00019605184,0.0003358571,0.00019877678,0.00019929749,0.000028960825,0.00086905615,0.00010139779,0.00084957015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025183946,0.00015124808,0.000090981775,0.00088547356,0.0010504113,0.00046560477,0.00029318628,0.00016478915,0.00007065859],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002760578,0.00008703593,0.00075224665,0.000009847561,0.0000095272235,0.0000030909778,0.0006883327,0.00030140515,0.99474376,0.00013375278,0.000036387257,0.0029585348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004898163,0.00009146723,0.024122475,0.000014270265,0.000016303786,0.000022398053,0.00012300817,0.00010633679,0.97446734,0.00007380378,0.00031585112,0.00015693443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017156037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013642427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023370227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002297306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041376898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93021977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047539919","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2010.023","title":"Review of the performance of full-scale MBR plants: design, operation and on-site experimental data","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Process engineering","score_opus":0.022956210892333812,"score_gpt":0.2847747302042631,"score_spread":0.2618185193119293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047539919","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99268425,0.00074165413,0.00008288506,0.0052091526,0.00009770702,0.00043673476,0.000010100567,0.00006864661,0.00066889735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99082065,0.0025903792,0.006020919,0.00046831253,0.000005709827,0.000027072747,0.000009541538,0.000007819049,0.000049596514],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990782,0.000061634426,0.00026468292,0.0002799213,0.00017362881,0.00014191163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986348,0.000055454042,0.00017643174,0.0011075048,0.000011658968,0.000014148736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005544074,0.00010341014,0.00015649777,0.00004711323,0.00008411602,0.000008140683,0.00069712073,0.00013928759,0.00037317406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020598141,0.000061607105,0.000012132012,0.00011278168,0.00053641334,0.00055890344,0.00088242826,0.00029168942,0.00013210515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033491568,0.000080315935,0.0008562216,0.00007030316,0.0000058681685,5.626677e-7,0.00010474026,0.000022454427,0.9951088,0.000051416955,0.00101774,0.0026481042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014722039,0.00022842524,0.00025135415,0.000110061446,0.00001576834,0.000107969834,0.00011644722,0.0005130064,0.97293127,0.00001945936,0.025480468,0.000078571116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028095566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023015908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024462728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001618164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007977851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40859944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048356239","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22092","title":"Cross flow microfiltration of starch nanocrystal suspensions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Fouling; Suspension (topology); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Particle size; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007886460232198179,"score_gpt":0.2036183856560351,"score_spread":0.1957319254238369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048356239","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979549,0.000023977609,0.001103554,0.00043463902,0.00008553399,0.00003563809,0.0000020435687,0.000007757278,0.00035198062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99774605,7.148799e-7,0.002163813,0.000024309795,0.000033244665,5.3057425e-7,9.1804577e-7,0.000006645996,0.000023801038],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994086,0.000010787061,0.0002233639,0.000054341817,0.00014602001,0.00015687659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999571,0.00006561007,0.00007946404,0.0001325934,0.00002256596,0.00012874491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002863495,0.000061582825,0.00010258901,0.000045378903,0.00004366065,0.000021390493,0.0002822853,0.0000515037,0.0003176822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003511877,0.000046390196,0.000044250828,0.00013010665,0.00015494751,0.000092003655,0.00002080488,0.00018205144,0.000009485436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040264276,0.0000020693967,0.0007425333,0.000003982136,0.000004806006,0.0000019571169,0.00010993161,0.07089779,0.92730343,0.00022189337,0.00022824679,0.00047931675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013524567,0.000034881774,0.001144527,0.000017461836,0.0000060818093,0.00005634146,0.0000070054743,0.017902602,0.9787979,0.0002503707,0.0015768898,0.00007069058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006175509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004085491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05299519,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011423876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000492067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34783974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048464827","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.05.053","title":"Novel porous composite hydrophobic/hydrophilic polysulfone membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Desalination; Materials science; Solvent; Synthetic membrane; Porosity; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011836823262505299,"score_gpt":0.25787992575233554,"score_spread":0.24604310248983025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048464827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98571324,0.0003688591,0.005276673,0.0029480394,0.00051462266,0.00065128185,0.000035823898,0.00013466856,0.0043568076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931944,0.00022402292,0.005672737,0.00040994148,0.000103478385,0.0000072964403,0.000011636856,0.000022605213,0.0003538945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99604475,0.0000631268,0.0010719419,0.0005889517,0.0016003544,0.00063088286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976642,0.0002574584,0.0011256594,0.0004740418,0.00019929875,0.00027930824],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022286635,0.00035658974,0.0005987641,0.00040520387,0.00055679475,0.00020234357,0.0012335272,0.00015751558,0.00016194856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006652604,0.0003009757,0.00019634022,0.0014765939,0.0006659542,0.0019114319,0.00009473244,0.00029122722,0.000040101273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018350978,0.00022914738,0.00015008434,0.000025846122,0.000012267907,0.000006706824,0.00017289362,0.0072761783,0.9862526,0.00018246802,0.00035023887,0.0051580425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018299167,0.000885481,0.004397072,0.00006036722,0.000066272514,0.00031640075,0.00006299189,0.01066478,0.977501,0.00049832265,0.0032823624,0.00043507776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060914463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001239948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008751661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046296397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011100475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048595614","doi":"10.2202/1542-6580.1150","title":"Wastewater Minimisation Using a Heuristic Procedure","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Minimisation (clinical trials); STREAMS; Heuristic; Wastewater; Process engineering; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.011381563372162411,"score_gpt":0.24011611118152879,"score_spread":0.22873454780936636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048595614","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99595726,0.000012444301,0.0031605894,0.0003852271,0.0002749695,0.000033523793,0.0000011092392,0.000029724279,0.00014514085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894526,0.0000047155268,0.010358176,0.00003302168,0.00013524611,9.947946e-7,0.0000016031129,0.0000103834245,0.0000032400103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990945,0.0000026609237,0.00028640925,0.00008814067,0.00042239207,0.00010591665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996688,0.000028820545,0.00014536719,0.00006370096,0.000038268077,0.000055052355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000079724974,0.00008638752,0.00009803296,0.000068560206,0.0000033569606,0.000027813589,0.00029510612,0.0000592437,0.00013597938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043000342,0.000074823074,0.00005723343,0.00007405785,0.000029262632,0.00027469356,0.00006305147,0.00015916419,0.00002155009],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001585193,0.000025347348,0.00024100013,0.0000037458747,0.000018750625,0.000022775372,0.00009109279,0.012552165,0.9866526,0.00006168666,0.000043666285,0.00027130183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033261528,0.00001667877,0.00019149776,0.000058988244,0.000008267908,0.00026771327,0.000015726257,0.002452551,0.9953583,0.00041078238,0.00080091896,0.00008599287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007142122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0337865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010099614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039754203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018750561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30511963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048743770","doi":"10.1016/j.jprocont.2012.10.001","title":"Fouling control and optimization of a drinking water membrane filtration process with real-time model parameter adaptation using fluorescence and permeate flux measurements","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Process Control","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Extended Kalman filter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Kalman filter; Permeation; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biological system; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Control theory (sociology); Chromatography; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Control (management); Statistics","score_opus":0.02805906770756437,"score_gpt":0.25384584054439546,"score_spread":0.2257867728368311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048743770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78406924,0.000045792898,0.21544066,0.00007081449,0.000014977098,0.00028953727,0.0000012654731,0.00001535925,0.000052322514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97495574,0.000021597454,0.024935048,0.00002989028,0.000021831434,0.000010172306,0.0000015482498,0.000014723152,0.00000947166],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985543,0.00006164681,0.00046858386,0.00015680834,0.0005256219,0.00023303747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990744,0.000047651803,0.00054230785,0.00008617497,0.00016996636,0.00007950905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065772247,0.00015468789,0.00030105145,0.00009807396,0.000111887275,0.000049755003,0.00011118236,0.00007893723,0.000039824805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012886271,0.00010478187,0.00002529625,0.00010558026,0.00013154797,0.0015951766,0.0000140911625,0.000117175594,9.369729e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025778258,0.000032524204,0.0069639212,0.00004824494,0.000027083552,5.5227423e-7,0.0013457495,0.64064854,0.35015193,0.0000021060066,5.6493167e-7,0.00052098295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019118555,0.00013718287,0.000545269,0.00009825082,0.0001332686,0.000046879995,0.00023070493,0.8727006,0.123975955,0.00009975355,2.1832145e-7,0.00012010072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008994721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031589982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.232052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054750104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002906867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42728806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048820777","doi":"10.1021/es902145g","title":"Development of a Novel Submerged Membrane Electro-Bioreactor (SMEBR): Performance for Fouling Reduction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":213,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Bioreactor; Biofouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.011155394951985148,"score_gpt":0.23288745011584097,"score_spread":0.22173205516385583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048820777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958114,0.000009401677,0.0020973778,0.00026373623,0.0002805894,0.000619826,0.0000061123346,0.00023437529,0.00067718286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9038391,0.000015952119,0.095773235,0.000015135687,0.000017123655,0.00015914491,0.0000077229515,0.000018031404,0.00015453932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975779,0.000005186015,0.00048241002,0.0007233194,0.0005420988,0.00066905963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990236,0.0000150349315,0.00028081055,0.0005831318,0.000008040466,0.00008933957],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006885244,0.00023689236,0.00023872966,0.00041811672,0.00054967497,0.00001818167,0.0010502659,0.0002565057,0.0004773749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011299516,0.00022585051,0.000052007486,0.0011680721,0.00314089,0.0005266204,0.0004499591,0.00036675224,0.00009479685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020151238,0.00017471783,0.0030321847,0.0000061890887,0.0000044542658,1.8001207e-7,0.00017868863,0.00010882526,0.9653148,0.00038820688,0.00001520603,0.030756403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042974352,0.00013488265,0.0071068765,0.0000054536576,0.000008051137,0.000037629834,0.00032870285,0.0017350141,0.9811911,0.000108688015,0.008657511,0.00025634447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007246384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019190287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09367586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003454148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060701615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049420487","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2010.087","title":"Hybrid membrane process: Performance evaluation of biological PAC","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Engineering; Archaeology; Geography","score_opus":0.05004199441374152,"score_gpt":0.3379815138130688,"score_spread":0.28793951939932727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049420487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99596065,0.000102029655,0.000009621065,0.00273017,0.00007467145,0.00027561167,0.0000032539365,0.000039190036,0.0008047803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986933,0.00028072658,0.0008555653,0.000008476237,0.000028995753,0.000019752968,0.0000028671807,0.000007937499,0.00010239853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771184,0.00009416272,0.00046430517,0.00023104982,0.0010795086,0.00041912115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989784,0.00006344495,0.00016468453,0.000316403,0.0003928993,0.00008420979],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0041249497,0.00012329701,0.00025724736,0.00052539073,0.00014950181,0.000027916121,0.00065028085,0.00023726789,0.0013856798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006759614,0.00007259614,0.00003548938,0.0004388601,0.0016321813,0.00037192742,0.00029809374,0.0010654498,0.00008613619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009188145,0.00014585865,0.082276136,0.000023301272,0.00001961659,0.000012926453,0.00012368147,0.000019536377,0.8769461,0.00012339817,0.0005339116,0.039683685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006073936,0.0010861862,0.004927052,0.000020903366,0.000009501212,0.00026833368,0.00025531882,0.00060254737,0.97592026,0.014728283,0.0014823717,0.000091850256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009347808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012477631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09897419,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004538704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051606967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050738506","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2010.11.002","title":"Investigation of the sorption properties of β-cyclodextrin-based polyurethanes with phenolic dyes and naphthenates","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Saskatchewan Health Authority; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Sorption; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Copolymer; Nuclear chemistry; Cyclodextrin; Sorbent; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01050989652050593,"score_gpt":0.21010023664345137,"score_spread":0.19959034012294544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050738506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987894,0.00010862272,0.000067497735,0.0007427374,0.00006579678,0.00009044639,5.924929e-7,0.0000043456253,0.0001305364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99912494,0.000018093166,0.0007677897,0.000026789972,0.000004710637,8.463185e-7,1.1371305e-8,0.0000022571955,0.00005458189],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923986,0.000020897864,0.00021370024,0.00009307454,0.00035138126,0.00008110599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938685,0.000024378613,0.00037140996,0.0001128959,0.000068887915,0.000035593737],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004878416,0.00006293936,0.00011174531,0.00007900496,0.00008756142,0.000028979806,0.000279588,0.000038257698,0.000019115567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017310391,0.000032042622,0.000015663836,0.00033983088,0.0028210166,0.00040337536,0.000074367614,0.0001567784,3.6722852e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034224653,0.0000073423926,0.023438083,0.000012328681,0.0000018131495,2.3928601e-8,0.0005175182,0.00022779476,0.97535,0.00005829667,0.000009320623,0.00034322715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017865603,0.00021216492,0.027032277,0.00008264476,0.000006533712,0.000022911605,0.0003556616,0.0009430511,0.9707682,0.00032207055,0.000034406927,0.000041424508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033511787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045684326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0045818286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014374025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000681501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051173993","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2049","title":"Elaboration of Superhydrophobic Nanoporous Ceramic Membranes - Application to Desalination","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Contact angle; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Nanoporous; Wetting; Ceramic; Raman spectroscopy; Desalination; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0029909855986522014,"score_gpt":0.24639449377347375,"score_spread":0.24340350817482154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051173993","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934894,0.0003571862,0.0024041825,0.0008440504,0.000043285974,0.00027214875,0.0000012213076,0.00011191462,0.0024766128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99665517,0.0002031434,0.003015599,0.000030967407,0.00000408364,0.000058214904,0.0000018506196,0.000003843104,0.000027126971],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989251,0.000008494911,0.00023837519,0.000357498,0.00027936866,0.00019115138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999574,0.000020557833,0.000089279165,0.00024954407,0.000049830167,0.000016764749],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034094782,0.000080378624,0.000112995025,0.0004336676,0.00009858451,0.00001203068,0.00032836068,0.00008336856,0.000014071168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011733909,0.00007616956,0.0000054194716,0.003464529,0.0011855108,0.0007299911,0.00013011266,0.00006428127,0.000027492446],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041005633,0.00003466672,0.026952356,0.000007785038,2.0817386e-7,6.6849077e-7,0.000051339583,0.0034069233,0.8787938,0.02452913,0.0000091407655,0.06620991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017147968,0.00011503427,0.0096074315,0.000008090681,0.0000019370705,0.00000822868,0.0002067616,0.0026566947,0.9378973,0.043457616,0.005731542,0.00013785262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001399821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007282441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.066072054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011227052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021168242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43680638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051447083","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.023","title":"Pulse bubble sparging for fouling control","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Fouling; Air sparging; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Mechanics; Materials science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Environmental remediation; Physics; Contamination","score_opus":0.011630084984299616,"score_gpt":0.2645188729779491,"score_spread":0.2528887879936495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051447083","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28632438,0.0001431226,0.6880308,0.012520128,0.00016464846,0.0011111894,0.000007635651,0.0010191179,0.010679006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887799,0.000030361432,0.009808849,0.00031862824,0.000027816535,0.00025524828,0.000020321855,0.000011748631,0.00074712647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990289,0.000031426654,0.00026116817,0.00036044783,0.0001071181,0.00021093583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993839,0.00008051025,0.00014497607,0.00032581028,0.00002637134,0.000038426617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037881677,0.00012103432,0.00015204759,0.00014935013,0.00024746745,0.00003971684,0.00018297264,0.00021111919,0.00023088088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003008166,0.00012067167,0.000026596994,0.00030375528,0.00021279507,0.00018999077,0.000035969973,0.000101928024,0.00025050418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000836961,0.000095655676,0.0113119995,0.00003666207,0.000024163717,3.497507e-7,0.00024046426,0.0030465398,0.36203656,0.33828,0.006142772,0.27870113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025041786,0.00039541814,0.006231811,0.000013925716,0.000046871046,0.000024567915,0.00033742265,0.19047612,0.27887866,0.10701185,0.41345835,0.0006208397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009827899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023212093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7024555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003852848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006320954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49208477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051687780","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.003","title":"Effect of hydraulically reversible and hydraulically irreversible fouling on the removal of MS2 and φX174 bacteriophage by an ultrafiltration membrane","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020520245179293076,"score_gpt":0.2897919073429774,"score_spread":0.2692716621636843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051687780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843905,0.000018500745,0.00008245075,0.0009987779,0.0000136441595,0.00041653783,0.0000035120672,0.000024642974,0.014051464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99878085,0.000047960522,0.00031208261,0.000049319828,0.0000101004625,0.000013901224,0.000010489424,0.00001147695,0.00076384615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978746,0.0006543343,0.00023267987,0.00035603263,0.0005757163,0.00030664756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907297,0.00034149017,0.000050415958,0.0004301433,0.000021816139,0.000083142484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032237247,0.00012353998,0.00020547095,0.00008113604,0.00017868706,0.00004519143,0.000343651,0.00011099404,0.00059923367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030368313,0.00007225031,0.000027741791,0.00020094855,0.0007152383,0.0002430803,0.00021990068,0.00026732887,0.00009383733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016670198,0.000033774268,0.0009878837,0.00006853118,0.000006173616,0.000002016677,0.00028365507,0.00007446258,0.9924782,0.00008955903,0.00041456538,0.0053944844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037131348,0.001287904,0.001768797,0.00002358361,0.000006307076,0.000012057221,0.0000430166,0.002208504,0.99160475,0.0002734636,0.0023165725,0.00008374019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017368715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024214392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014390353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003016631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004973122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6561188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052244331","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00494-x","title":"Flow visualization through spacer filled channels by computational fluid dynamics I.☆Pressure drop and shear rate calculations for flat sheet geometry","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure drop; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Computational fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Drag; Flow visualization; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Open-channel flow; Geometry; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Physics","score_opus":0.013522196905496971,"score_gpt":0.28159462836256943,"score_spread":0.26807243145707244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052244331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7003567,0.0001945487,0.29477593,0.0028430102,0.00047928747,0.00041637893,0.000041040577,0.000056975507,0.0008360965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97748,0.00017172421,0.021198018,0.0002749124,0.000054877924,0.000007041246,0.000020067928,0.000015886957,0.00077748747],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808085,0.00005502427,0.00046768456,0.00032316663,0.000755941,0.00031732456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901783,0.00018016285,0.00034711635,0.00017987422,0.00014904085,0.00012597613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001219071,0.00016548623,0.00025128745,0.00019293577,0.00047771927,0.00015923785,0.00038320143,0.000097560594,0.00039207554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005555,0.00014137763,0.00006729434,0.0011424382,0.00070968043,0.0014568001,0.00012552581,0.0001413269,0.000016396829],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081257174,0.000076716955,0.0011046905,0.000027204338,0.000025192141,0.0000057392986,0.00046363482,0.88486177,0.10388167,0.0018304304,0.005705803,0.0019358764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008265985,0.00017626723,0.0022850635,0.000027151313,0.00003479435,0.00012131474,0.00019184648,0.9743178,0.014803993,0.0029770255,0.004035092,0.00020309005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020781823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010532158,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27712324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001517655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062997926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5765213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052594635","doi":"10.5539/apr.v1n2p53","title":"Study on the Experiment of Concentrating Coking Wastewaters by Air-blowing Vacuum Membrane Distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Distillation; Wastewater; Concentration polarization; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.06862037843803082,"score_gpt":0.350534936869632,"score_spread":0.2819145584316012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052594635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9789302,0.0000065743716,0.0001310286,0.00034935577,0.00001662475,0.00092143257,0.0000021884464,0.000049971095,0.019592667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997084,0.0000034938746,0.000061666935,0.000054772307,0.000020078533,0.000069402166,0.000006156883,0.000010127957,0.000065875014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979547,0.00012187808,0.0002273179,0.00031645127,0.0010420957,0.00033754206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991722,0.00026532548,0.00007497928,0.0004347161,0.000015278394,0.000037493708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078601955,0.00012189916,0.00014494701,0.000024407504,0.00031501806,0.000038447575,0.00040106013,0.000038707083,0.000091906935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028614966,0.00008783931,0.000028439465,0.00044242232,0.00022357139,0.000083910214,0.00015763928,0.00027523818,0.00008400457],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030068926,0.00024510903,0.00038018302,0.0000029285338,0.000010876113,8.1527526e-7,0.0030431054,0.0024666213,0.9811078,0.005446785,0.0006524197,0.00661334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028600567,0.00020058961,0.0010212346,0.0000092958435,0.0000030917095,1.0743464e-7,0.0072582024,0.0011007168,0.9888944,0.001026029,0.000101986814,0.00009832453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038197908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012206624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020778269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013223512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008766319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35819831},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052821867","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.058","title":"A methodological approach to scaling up fermentation and primary recovery processes to the manufacturing scale for vaccine production","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vaccine","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sanofi (Canada)","funders":"Sanofi Pasteur","keywords":"SCALE-UP; Cross-flow filtration; Fermentation; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Scaling; Mass transfer; Production (economics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Food science; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.06173825634579401,"score_gpt":0.30540548970363046,"score_spread":0.24366723335783647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052821867","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9437595,0.000041974967,0.045169093,0.008930847,0.000099430785,0.0014237167,0.0000023586092,0.00014211115,0.0004309542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8885801,0.0000501361,0.10852933,0.0015222995,0.00010798306,0.00022180818,0.000017357066,0.000010507663,0.000960525],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989504,0.00004848411,0.00020558502,0.00044316784,0.00015118037,0.0002011804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956924,0.00007442761,0.00006355636,0.00022475056,0.000014044976,0.00005396588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064166886,0.00012833974,0.00016452525,0.0000621924,0.00019161239,0.000047553807,0.00017887917,0.000054820193,0.000031755986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046435688,0.00008481762,0.000021421956,0.00030045552,0.000005469668,0.00022858968,0.000101273334,0.00007417623,0.000024680563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011440871,0.00024088404,0.0025971993,0.00019726824,0.000017429315,5.0612414e-7,0.0017721015,0.0388254,0.37829202,0.000040249954,0.021615528,0.5552573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005172408,0.0004503052,0.30638495,0.000024775196,0.00002853722,0.000026943131,0.00041678982,0.00030103413,0.68429935,0.0022609662,0.0050244466,0.00026465775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009750761,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000147065575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5549927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008550546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054644697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34587622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053810361","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.031","title":"Removal of phenol from synthetic waste water using Gemini micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (GMEUF)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Phenol; Membrane; Chromatography; Micelle; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Ammonium bromide; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018478745722669974,"score_gpt":0.24264252309725118,"score_spread":0.2241637773745812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053810361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966872,0.00008552811,0.0010941253,0.000070731396,0.0010612491,0.00013544159,0.00001411731,0.000022167551,0.00082944386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910765,0.000040183626,0.008477678,0.00003140274,0.00025680466,0.0000014433642,0.000003912957,0.0000188493,0.00009318664],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982016,0.00012865214,0.00083049014,0.00013086897,0.00041456596,0.00029381583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989127,0.000051758725,0.0006776867,0.00025489295,0.000032063996,0.00007089372],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007337644,0.00015669924,0.00039771848,0.000068485,0.000060528244,0.000043959208,0.00029271384,0.00012297017,0.0037295439],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010311676,0.00010978281,0.00007881172,0.000068569665,0.00013390755,0.00051557895,0.00008236842,0.00008744445,0.0001677626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009386615,0.00006491114,0.000084983076,0.000014357,0.000025665368,0.000012037422,0.00075270736,0.00071424694,0.9974307,0.0000074226687,0.000117058495,0.00068208075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002983116,0.0000719995,0.00020487531,0.000052834574,0.00006317691,0.00020503532,0.00034443784,0.00003298143,0.9978476,0.00029639088,0.000450847,0.00013151308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005362267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002389568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007383553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010447668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012757201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053835610","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.021","title":"Study on synthesis and physical properties of charged surface modifying macromolecules with different end-capping materials for membrane applications","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Polyol; Macromolecule; Chemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Membrane; Hydrogen bond; Polymer chemistry; Sulfonate; Ethylene glycol; Diethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Polyurethane; Molecule; Sodium","score_opus":0.03659289065591307,"score_gpt":0.22750411641741225,"score_spread":0.1909112257614992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053835610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99953556,0.000035299192,0.00013763148,0.000041208386,0.000020058755,0.00018784466,0.0000058178116,0.000012101799,0.00002449964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997224,0.000010141286,0.00012877373,0.0000010655042,0.000098958895,0.00002370653,3.2551074e-7,0.000008155433,0.000006450724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994511,0.000007768069,0.000188117,0.000078603225,0.00016046588,0.000113972914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967265,0.0000590124,0.00013587525,0.00007119857,0.000011360146,0.000049912454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018272219,0.00010169358,0.00022005313,0.00001408008,0.00003664388,0.000016672111,0.000073937445,0.00005200802,0.000011641186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008191832,0.000068026595,0.000018607641,0.000038770104,0.000045216908,0.000079824786,0.000033794946,0.00010036648,2.151827e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005984622,0.00012724505,0.00084535056,0.00006197925,0.000035244168,3.6206634e-7,0.0002211549,0.001013767,0.9972493,0.00000356462,0.000003197907,0.00037897626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003920369,0.000070686394,0.00038671895,0.000088651854,0.00003456324,0.000014908783,0.00050991593,0.00010304556,0.9982978,0.0000018082573,0.000021838925,0.000077986595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027492692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.2623236e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010485266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031013264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048570755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2774044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054348713","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.057","title":"The effect of fine bubble aeration intensity on membrane bioreactor sludge characteristics and fouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland; European Commission","keywords":"Aeration; Backwashing; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Flocculation; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Membrane; Particle (ecology); Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Engineering","score_opus":0.06390517446385696,"score_gpt":0.3285048539804229,"score_spread":0.26459967951656593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054348713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971385,0.00000882828,0.00001603522,0.0012847926,0.000060061255,0.00027793457,0.0000024241933,0.000029309193,0.0011821275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992777,0.000015131079,0.000052145202,0.000010606747,0.000019837338,0.000018004463,0.000009660269,0.0000064868445,0.000590394],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998808,0.00016773216,0.00014135012,0.00017458896,0.00046915532,0.00023915253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994735,0.00012600727,0.00002559681,0.00027919072,0.00003780241,0.000057919904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022198493,0.00007287112,0.00011548685,0.00004694624,0.00016277343,0.000055894463,0.0001913134,0.000057379573,0.00005036167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064741034,0.000036515972,0.000014256335,0.00011427968,0.00038086818,0.00009077072,0.00028977165,0.00021317884,0.00030137808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004399948,0.000022065124,0.022713462,0.000025434272,0.000007711413,0.000005560229,0.00056597864,0.000034742996,0.9629382,0.0000595062,0.0017736492,0.011413697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023764411,0.0005835755,0.004092475,0.000007959125,0.0000020223522,0.0000018541728,0.0000592141,0.0009905865,0.9909372,0.00015541715,0.0028843149,0.00004777921],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016370133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004884556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02799896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006568592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047421695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38737062},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054609561","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.003","title":"Polyamide thin-film composite membranes based on carboxylated polysulfone microporous support membranes for forward osmosis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Microporous material; Forward osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Materials science; Concentration polarization; Reverse osmosis; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010692594985464978,"score_gpt":0.2434661545385064,"score_spread":0.2327735595530414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054609561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98586816,0.00013586452,0.0012674313,0.005613697,0.00087925897,0.0011204163,0.000024428216,0.00018523788,0.0049055056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873354,0.00011071571,0.009796474,0.001711804,0.00009646515,0.00004158677,0.000006411253,0.00004888078,0.0008522727],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947254,0.000111198526,0.0013045901,0.0007520742,0.0020799388,0.0010267985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967665,0.00046325772,0.0011172164,0.0008504464,0.00031819142,0.00048439045],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002327066,0.00050512626,0.0007795803,0.00072122837,0.00065860205,0.00033839964,0.0022959113,0.00022136819,0.0023561127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007729054,0.00039612522,0.00036745175,0.001713346,0.0016682589,0.0017795619,0.0002341356,0.0004986941,0.00044710797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021169931,0.00023653897,0.0011084684,0.000090762136,0.00002754927,0.000029641466,0.00024682606,0.038316444,0.9550284,0.00004211436,0.0021589266,0.0025026174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018024091,0.0009689955,0.0035543488,0.00007798042,0.000077283454,0.00020761775,0.0002742524,0.038051467,0.9509011,0.00037866092,0.0031719026,0.00053396396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030941918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002650334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008529043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039554838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000287004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998491},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054894008","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.011","title":"Stirred well filtration (SWF) – A high-throughput technique for downstream bio-processing","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Downstream processing; Concentration polarization; Cross-flow filtration; Factorial experiment; Chemistry; Filter (signal processing); Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Computer science","score_opus":0.012364989380108703,"score_gpt":0.26224452760800326,"score_spread":0.24987953822789455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054894008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5696455,0.000056176337,0.4125584,0.0042712414,0.0008075786,0.00096713484,0.0000068453455,0.00017481136,0.011512271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92306167,0.000023312958,0.07636618,0.00017323237,0.000091466594,0.00001777924,0.0000011118186,0.000011288944,0.00025398313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99774975,0.000047188703,0.00058230496,0.00035667894,0.0008823979,0.00038167136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998604,0.00012893844,0.00067197095,0.00033662954,0.00012289309,0.00013554192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026761899,0.00017299144,0.00027066347,0.00023856055,0.00038745883,0.00015428136,0.0010288989,0.00010395022,0.00030090826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008765099,0.00013594462,0.000086726744,0.0010023556,0.0009932457,0.0015457527,0.0001227213,0.00021202759,0.00006361238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033396063,0.000056517518,0.0002636475,0.000024869243,0.0000023519758,0.0000017645095,0.000088652516,0.002615014,0.9773468,0.00034539955,0.0009895316,0.0182321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052573316,0.00042428277,0.0018884954,0.000060143884,0.00001733434,0.00011577259,0.000101353966,0.0042682677,0.9806207,0.0032448734,0.008536149,0.00019690684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026667221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017740409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35341612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015076625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012149987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55436605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055272922","doi":"10.1080/09593330309385556","title":"Impact of soluble organic compounds on permeate flux in an aerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Effluent; Permeation; Volatile suspended solids; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Bioreactor; Total dissolved solids; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.01154687500027029,"score_gpt":0.24809806404236853,"score_spread":0.23655118904209824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055272922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99578595,0.00003062159,0.000017429036,0.00008465742,0.00006556595,0.0003342075,0.000008776306,0.00021137945,0.0034613851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987124,0.00004337669,0.00071233365,0.000030936117,0.0000038290823,0.00003186125,0.000026739002,0.000036456815,0.0004020652],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820215,0.0000785887,0.00039670386,0.0005693948,0.00027007685,0.0004830616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890804,0.000032056025,0.00016074169,0.00082436204,0.0000014863195,0.000073321855],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017830117,0.00029757182,0.00035296517,0.0003367514,0.00007744815,0.000010708327,0.0005474003,0.00036362748,0.009514765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048817623,0.000272246,0.0000845512,0.00057754666,0.00088030595,0.00024394861,0.00019118506,0.0003610731,0.0011025129],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021119376,0.00047929958,0.20616783,0.0000021501037,0.00001004705,0.0000097300335,0.00006405964,0.00033513198,0.7918297,0.00027871496,0.000102434016,0.00069974456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095301017,0.0013568229,0.11026676,0.000009284084,0.0000090045505,0.00004442095,0.00032583135,0.000108738226,0.88485366,0.0010398952,0.0006839121,0.00034868164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004633909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008578124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09590107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006774733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013143849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055292517","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.455","title":"Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion: Comparison of ceramic and polymeric membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Novelis (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Emulsion; Permeation; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Penetration (warfare); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015268648529672395,"score_gpt":0.26602008834460683,"score_spread":0.2507514398149344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055292517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99818176,0.0001094293,0.000034685803,0.0008179927,0.000015938556,0.000094784395,0.000001505733,0.000021202068,0.0007226877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99929583,0.00016825301,0.00021767108,0.000026916741,0.000002815346,0.0000068730265,0.000028367576,0.0000029014057,0.00025038605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937624,0.00002880536,0.00023733093,0.00014981705,0.000108808505,0.00009900174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998227,0.000012548468,0.000045993,0.000092501294,0.0000060555244,0.000020219743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005405889,0.00009031723,0.00016062318,0.00007067369,0.00003295212,0.000009054652,0.00003542476,0.00004850476,0.00009474413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030609933,0.000053570373,0.000016703629,0.000057090347,0.0000853537,0.00015239343,0.000012157241,0.000021233984,0.0000075818944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037120717,0.00027043518,0.02092595,0.000017427159,0.0000068832064,0.0000010571639,0.0031816585,0.00044225293,0.9052678,0.00016349765,0.0000066000284,0.06967935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005567866,0.00031791272,0.032626577,0.0000069859084,0.000010394575,0.000002806182,0.00016201976,0.0010995545,0.96466726,0.0002991495,0.00018736247,0.00006320088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013815868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000363057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06961615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036488742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010847052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21845365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056305974","doi":"10.1021/ie010553y","title":"Preparation and Characterization of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes for Membrane Distillation","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":351,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Dimethylacetamide; Solvent; Fluoride; Distillation; Casting; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.05585272289288166,"score_gpt":0.3233510871121587,"score_spread":0.26749836421927703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056305974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99838287,0.00002067264,0.00026677936,0.0002260648,0.000060225702,0.00045142908,0.000016974864,0.00009082423,0.0004841903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986178,0.0000876451,0.00008873035,0.000001693985,0.00017087597,0.00007830012,0.000082001716,0.000016724429,0.00085619],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875456,0.000021531274,0.000290721,0.00028207494,0.00038820587,0.00026292357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993889,0.00018467917,0.000078248675,0.00023378387,0.00004653619,0.00006790626],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000617478,0.000117961004,0.00016168153,0.00006072637,0.000088056775,0.000038880655,0.00017225776,0.00021807327,0.00026407724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007799907,0.00012372743,0.000028918776,0.00042928758,0.000120082346,0.00022801406,0.00009976288,0.0001987831,0.0000071429604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010230178,0.00001689837,0.0012182064,0.00007738092,0.0000075341923,8.107142e-7,0.00005267202,0.0025303848,0.99389493,0.000017783761,0.000053224136,0.0020278543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043321843,0.000046876456,0.001042003,0.000027695503,0.0000059585645,0.000008210241,0.000018399865,0.015015199,0.9762342,0.000031009284,0.007025778,0.000111474605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045007797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019749455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01766077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010280565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021415168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5045458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056315154","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.028","title":"A pilot study of anaerobic membrane digesters for concurrent thickening and digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS)","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Activated sludge; Volatile suspended solids; Filtration (mathematics); Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biogas; Suspended solids; Methanogenesis; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Biomass (ecology); Fouling; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Methane; Membrane; Biology; Mathematics; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.019683306691142908,"score_gpt":0.26224122221136414,"score_spread":0.24255791552022124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056315154","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99793357,0.000005039828,0.00037885076,0.00039894253,0.00023907042,0.0007776954,0.0000030038398,0.00016646828,0.00009735412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987958,0.000004944369,0.0010689243,0.000009368412,0.000003877808,0.00007374462,0.000001590158,0.000008977122,0.000032785323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841124,0.000018589495,0.0003586242,0.00051565137,0.0003132937,0.00038260946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916685,0.00004579642,0.00018733458,0.00050306774,0.00004966353,0.000047272406],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060060975,0.00015703547,0.00026775865,0.00050947716,0.00020088154,0.000021837572,0.00076424296,0.00009295406,0.000032209515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022378653,0.00011424885,0.000018246334,0.00096527,0.002824705,0.00040522043,0.0005807349,0.00024936712,0.0000057516518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026580212,0.00021071894,0.011564714,0.000012537589,0.0000040818086,6.1104845e-7,0.0007775488,0.00014245871,0.98402274,0.0005013199,0.000004117119,0.0027326015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062098325,0.0022652056,0.0027298373,0.000011679915,0.000012474754,0.0000074256996,0.001214687,0.00033241473,0.9921695,0.00043585486,0.000068561516,0.00013137999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000117070806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024932294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008834877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039040253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018466148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056586909","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.035","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes embedded with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) for water desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Halloysite; Membrane; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Biofouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Permeation; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.010385658989657442,"score_gpt":0.21932324838774697,"score_spread":0.20893758939808954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056586909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93103164,0.000003420052,0.0674451,0.0004147577,0.000046482855,0.00054600305,0.000019177864,0.0001217071,0.00037172146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894754,0.000012891031,0.009806191,0.00006705312,0.000019069625,0.0001529071,0.00017688388,0.000024234812,0.0002653352],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988284,0.00006144568,0.00030726034,0.00033254013,0.0002868982,0.0001834267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993456,0.0001378721,0.00019184052,0.00022105355,0.000068604524,0.00003503813],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005062369,0.00016869004,0.00020791336,0.000099057375,0.00015101416,0.000050224204,0.00015160178,0.00013215793,0.00007266802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012951362,0.00012664164,0.00003459493,0.0001634649,0.0001270308,0.00060553686,0.000056675803,0.000048192473,0.00001719477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000785344,0.00008385143,0.0014290815,0.000086345775,0.000013795908,1.1390146e-7,0.00063934695,0.0021390743,0.98962545,0.0018634964,0.000008905365,0.004032011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005501531,0.000109312175,0.0137922615,0.00003413401,0.000036151006,0.0000041249164,0.000038542097,0.11235164,0.8721589,0.00022790779,0.0005292195,0.00016769477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027896333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003703154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.117466584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048827824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004928639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5164296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057071362","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.012","title":"Performance of PAN-based membranes with graft copolymers bearing hydrophilic PVA and PAN segments in direct ultrafiltration of natural rubber effluent","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Education","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Polyvinyl alcohol; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemistry; Natural rubber; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005403768090108521,"score_gpt":0.20741875178913236,"score_spread":0.20201498369902382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057071362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99890447,0.000024577228,0.00008061564,0.000050964612,0.000031931762,0.00021733911,0.0000014831006,0.00003507392,0.0006535718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993897,0.000018308794,0.0004984915,0.000018691835,0.000004108003,0.000015730979,0.000017780176,0.000007559593,0.000029616453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914765,0.000053606815,0.00022980449,0.00018436644,0.00027295158,0.00011163178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960434,0.000063158084,0.0001609979,0.00014114332,0.000013890119,0.00001648684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026422768,0.000097866854,0.00014258412,0.00010336133,0.00003840847,0.0000080887285,0.000088656416,0.00005379658,0.000017960589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053801305,0.00008306686,0.000015077505,0.00025477077,0.00018130874,0.00023209263,0.000017904897,0.0000666739,0.0000031473712],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008649246,0.000076405246,0.45093477,0.00013268656,0.000007587628,3.0774436e-7,0.00033131964,0.01618095,0.5170879,0.00004457706,0.0000033953422,0.015113621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042160408,0.00013090769,0.3381307,0.00003745361,0.000007062639,8.201e-7,0.000026529742,0.058595993,0.6025534,0.000012638067,0.0000097601705,0.0000731209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023536618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017370217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11280405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052269013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065993618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33873683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057072482","doi":"10.1002/jctb.653","title":"Biological treatment of wastewater from a polymer coating process","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Aeration; Packed bed; Countercurrent exchange; Chemical oxygen demand; Wastewater quality indicators; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Biochemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02227789034991237,"score_gpt":0.2490931842459288,"score_spread":0.22681529389601643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057072482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902471,0.0012235941,0.00011743424,0.0075194812,0.00008626023,0.00015272976,0.000008281691,0.00028524757,0.000359907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99479055,0.0004551716,0.004582971,0.00004948701,0.000034645338,0.00001467825,0.0000019772658,0.00001761819,0.000052893298],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979488,0.00003100334,0.0009385555,0.0003899284,0.00026693445,0.00042477588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846923,0.00009907736,0.00079768634,0.0005294966,0.000039300445,0.00006522422],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010510004,0.00028578352,0.0007373407,0.00039990855,0.000046400946,0.000007383764,0.0009413913,0.0014809849,0.0017280322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033598376,0.0002018291,0.00017345209,0.00086837803,0.001907018,0.0001230234,0.00024777048,0.00051752164,0.00012949636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040171428,0.0003922072,0.005284002,0.0000033718657,0.00006177246,0.000043283842,0.00009098098,0.0000055383057,0.9543546,0.0002595449,0.00020565471,0.039258864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082987023,0.001016897,0.00005747073,0.000022048978,0.00003594031,0.0002664259,0.00028892927,0.00011762679,0.98870647,0.006425506,0.0020482873,0.000184537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013889471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014810139,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039074324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017474762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010010007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057233151","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.04.012","title":"Hybrid Membrane Processes using activated carbon treatment for drinking water: A review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":266,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Activated carbon; Membrane; Water treatment; Process (computing); Adsorption; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Water quality; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Environmental science; Carbon fibers; Membrane technology; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Computer science; Engineering; Ecology; Mathematics; Biology; Composite material","score_opus":0.08857208933175456,"score_gpt":0.34990465743680343,"score_spread":0.2613325681050489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057233151","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002491334,0.9942678,0.000073286494,0.00010156977,0.00060325535,0.0018137542,0.000011761836,0.000065148124,0.0005720592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013221184,0.9957247,0.0023866287,0.000053640386,0.00019006341,0.000070507536,0.0000059039617,0.000059440514,0.00018699102],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99488485,0.00015437086,0.0016887349,0.00066475774,0.0016215881,0.0009856944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996614,0.00028326036,0.0019188261,0.00069637265,0.0001784551,0.00030910852],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031998395,0.0006930486,0.0024720095,0.00037068175,0.0003895263,0.0001325506,0.0019098846,0.00017689055,0.0002984084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008099819,0.00040126132,0.00056753407,0.0013686222,0.0007570897,0.0012015327,0.0003412328,0.000419797,0.00003638803],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031222356,0.000281256,0.000007179357,0.04135105,0.00014698505,0.000044649783,0.00015698417,0.00020934282,0.049517553,0.0000076153838,0.0000464401,0.9081997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035629005,0.00029107646,3.1194008e-7,0.02319662,0.0016588789,0.0015895532,0.00001443641,0.00006366113,0.21911737,0.000028714212,0.7530965,0.00058658206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025901423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068151026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90761316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001572693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007243047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057939677","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.015","title":"Estimating air diffusion contribution to pressure decay during membrane integrity tests","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Diffusion; Chemistry; Airflow; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Gaseous diffusion; Mechanics; Atmospheric pressure; Dilution; Bubble point; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010615380980086566,"score_gpt":0.27059603821879563,"score_spread":0.25998065723870906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057939677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909221,0.000037032667,0.0050093196,0.0024292648,0.00053985626,0.00029865786,0.0000030052051,0.000092684335,0.0006680607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97508425,0.000014403125,0.024527593,0.00018510208,0.00007757605,0.0000049464556,4.531908e-7,0.000011185669,0.00009448002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99672306,0.000053224172,0.00070165854,0.0004254611,0.0015533628,0.00054320897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843544,0.00008641632,0.0005412059,0.00041655664,0.00017639929,0.00034399013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021122254,0.00022128382,0.00034485597,0.00031681472,0.00055751565,0.000108866174,0.0013022259,0.000113949085,0.0002548191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019845178,0.00017448711,0.00009748352,0.0015668945,0.000645704,0.001559741,0.00046564805,0.00055878866,0.00015664953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051292012,0.00008610229,0.0019090502,0.000016364567,0.0000047401923,0.000026586766,0.00031020807,0.13531072,0.86119723,0.00023752112,0.000025000218,0.0008251642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010559158,0.00022502254,0.05391375,0.00017852841,0.000022499838,0.00038719978,0.00009908705,0.001658355,0.9413298,0.0005460483,0.00035287082,0.00023094287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062403305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000384445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13365237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005499746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016704397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7115378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058220684","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2012.03.023","title":"Statistical optimization of active chlorine production from a synthetic saline effluent by electrolysis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Chlorine; Electrolysis; Central composite design; Chemistry; Hydrochloric acid; Chloride; Electrolyte; Electrolytic cell; Response surface methodology; Factorial experiment; Inorganic chemistry; Effluent; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Electrode; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007893595562749583,"score_gpt":0.238755491125903,"score_spread":0.23086189556315342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058220684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8046121,0.000048479724,0.1938548,0.0003772335,0.00015573484,0.00027605152,0.000043840206,0.000108843895,0.000522914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985925,0.000031823307,0.013529321,0.000018096087,0.000039760456,0.000039899147,0.0003062543,0.000011095112,0.00009874334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904144,0.00006686325,0.00022724956,0.00020362277,0.00029898752,0.0001618297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995297,0.00006239106,0.00016021688,0.00018390048,0.000023905057,0.000039876348],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002185156,0.0000956127,0.0001211458,0.00005030412,0.000048471677,0.000007884655,0.00008696492,0.00007217065,0.0011141065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039686845,0.00009145028,0.00002594639,0.00027193825,0.00009477096,0.0003748484,0.00003729296,0.00007185528,0.00007641975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024434875,0.0009510337,0.011751966,0.000023186743,0.0000857874,3.7775888e-7,0.0009368384,0.08048282,0.8258715,0.0022028051,0.0038346385,0.0736147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023210671,0.00007658316,0.019866202,0.0000067870824,0.000063239015,0.0000011166114,0.00006785555,0.021656906,0.95663655,0.0005428692,0.0007039137,0.00014586691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015194414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009688286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1813129,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001734994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004329604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999799},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059234183","doi":"10.1139/s03-078","title":"A review of the impact of chemical pretreatment on low-pressure water treatment membranes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Turbidity; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Environmental chemistry; Coagulation; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011873049519737581,"score_gpt":0.25962303774095236,"score_spread":0.24774998822121477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059234183","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027705861,0.9717113,0.0000023614025,0.00001704822,0.000070998336,0.0003896811,0.000027899716,0.000005901519,0.000068945934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05931863,0.9404823,0.00013166084,0.0000054237876,0.000010640798,0.000007409411,0.0000011845184,0.000012477271,0.000030269555],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983518,0.00002672276,0.0006428483,0.00023219084,0.00053109275,0.00021531779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990006,0.00004570574,0.00047989585,0.00037893569,0.000004186995,0.0000906557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032886217,0.0003026384,0.0008913032,0.00009631458,0.000039221257,0.000010502867,0.0005812716,0.000091209426,0.000216855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000564019,0.00013275149,0.0004861389,0.00021288653,0.00058769505,0.00016682738,0.00020941652,0.00019055638,0.0000071892664],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006840736,0.0026391044,0.0001811286,0.095966354,0.0012233772,0.00005313274,0.0010035381,0.08556621,0.30442363,0.0000525144,0.0001727699,0.5086498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022019588,0.0053213527,0.00087748945,0.29882213,0.0032889594,0.0020403701,0.00005725986,0.0006461253,0.5258517,0.000059805203,0.15910186,0.0017309615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012622087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8431285e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50691885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068770687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060650753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5413448},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059387268","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20138","title":"Relationship between mass transport and the quality of cured hide","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Process (computing); Shock (circulatory); Quality (philosophy); Applied mathematics; Mass transport; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering","score_opus":0.02365444596928164,"score_gpt":0.23570500559562851,"score_spread":0.21205055962634686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059387268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99511355,0.00008987476,0.00067754235,0.003661805,0.000016204982,0.000046738656,0.0000021159128,0.0000062836725,0.00038590236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936503,9.759332e-7,0.0005616516,0.00003535027,0.00002027203,3.7236606e-7,4.190428e-7,0.0000027810822,0.000013146031],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944216,0.00001676177,0.00026513322,0.000040973155,0.00013388041,0.00010111981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994928,0.00020567687,0.00009660565,0.000105858664,0.00000745763,0.00009156824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058503705,0.000051274354,0.00012646185,0.000025960511,0.00003673948,0.000007413436,0.00022104019,0.00004589922,0.00002957282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038798593,0.00003100131,0.000041206127,0.000114409515,0.00018628068,0.00006438242,0.00000386073,0.00022592858,0.0000011789169],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012049006,0.000013885178,0.52770984,0.00006465607,0.00008722151,0.000020516693,0.0039229426,0.06438177,0.3495177,0.048663143,0.00077276543,0.0047250874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011175296,0.000037313872,0.8139896,0.000041696432,0.000062461695,0.00003618783,0.00006093508,0.0011062272,0.1576571,0.02510035,0.000587516,0.00020312305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005142006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011092507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28627974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060252336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025477371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12641968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059480851","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.034","title":"Fabrication of porous polymeric nanocomposite membranes with enhanced anti-fouling properties: Effect of casting composition","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Biofouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Casting; Materials science; Bovine serum albumin; Permeation; Porosity; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008573721918070792,"score_gpt":0.22634507031476012,"score_spread":0.21777134839668932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059480851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966932,0.00012542034,0.0016510879,0.00014092008,0.00011098406,0.00039211923,7.5300386e-7,0.000026589574,0.0008589082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958905,0.000043453485,0.0039821207,0.000019729367,0.000019465439,0.0000072400394,4.449601e-7,0.000010709119,0.000026329804],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975097,0.00010250973,0.0007501143,0.00025863817,0.0010941692,0.0002848398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99789643,0.00013732747,0.0013573534,0.0002950672,0.00022060327,0.00009322403],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010693368,0.00018097644,0.00046213157,0.00028226635,0.00017446262,0.000048005197,0.00073629344,0.000055250108,0.00015341297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023237165,0.000118090735,0.00007060372,0.0013181253,0.0012228913,0.0014401508,0.00011596846,0.00017331164,0.000020600222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007618895,0.00005284687,0.002474598,0.00012177544,0.0000103446455,0.0000022517495,0.0004277381,0.02114662,0.97101766,0.0000040751993,0.0000045757242,0.004661351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052219216,0.0008642707,0.007877622,0.00024975158,0.00003088198,0.00015403342,0.00018472895,0.0039949073,0.98597765,0.000008385986,0.000003376098,0.00013218897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019860995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024576411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017151713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010144057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007013908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48156005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059536328","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.02.014","title":"Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: A review","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":797,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sonication; Sewage sludge; Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Biogas production; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Waste management; Anaerobic digestion; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.022693884980430137,"score_gpt":0.3045315397749659,"score_spread":0.28183765479453576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059536328","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004666383,0.98115337,0.0000145197455,0.000033188746,0.000114471215,0.00104325,0.00012901463,0.00017948248,0.01728602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000016571314,0.99502975,0.002349957,0.000042090556,0.000034023742,0.00030719655,0.00025715472,0.0000686401,0.0018946199],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99700195,0.00006444659,0.0010901993,0.0008475165,0.00051540084,0.00048048023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99669766,0.00031434756,0.0010741153,0.0017431376,0.00002160792,0.00014912212],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038194517,0.0006998181,0.0020005137,0.00003960463,0.00007226956,0.000022119286,0.0012815357,0.00096159853,0.0062242416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007925402,0.00058150577,0.0007489038,0.0005739788,0.00042747916,0.0000865152,0.00025109857,0.0011034233,0.00083398656],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012816408,0.00015471489,0.000018026185,0.047766037,0.00009360088,0.000006896836,0.000013092621,0.0000013026897,0.00094798976,0.000037904534,0.009183226,0.9417759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000092648785,0.000030323958,9.0153196e-7,0.017889064,0.0007174056,0.00012665847,0.00000561996,0.0000013126387,0.007750394,0.000040485593,0.9728465,0.00049865595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016002368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006540509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9636633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037202504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021616812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060170353","doi":"10.1002/bit.22328","title":"Multiobjective optimization of the operation of a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed ion‐exchange system for continuous protein recovery","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sorting; Multi-objective optimization; Maximization; Genetic algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Minification; Pareto principle; Computer science; Range (aeronautics); Fluidized bed; Process engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Algorithm; Waste management","score_opus":0.007717696634343026,"score_gpt":0.20942446153828512,"score_spread":0.2017067649039421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060170353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91989195,0.00010918717,0.078502215,0.0003446958,0.00005970174,0.0008840431,0.000008118388,0.00017107361,0.000029022256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9848356,0.000015900625,0.015072437,0.000006862208,0.0000076077945,0.000044943496,0.0000030727126,0.0000057827706,0.000007768478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938315,0.000016085067,0.0002403015,0.00017147136,0.000071316426,0.0001176658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996359,0.000019370345,0.00014249985,0.00017582958,0.000016506814,0.000009924345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015838837,0.00009437157,0.00017472463,0.00007575837,0.00007286671,0.0000054957045,0.00012853811,0.0002522621,0.0000057176635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001322376,0.000074368465,0.000037153226,0.00021996452,0.00010906871,0.00008863289,0.000059807968,0.000074507516,5.0420925e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038526465,0.000013372137,0.000031420244,0.000049708782,0.000009508669,1.7677111e-7,0.000063990316,0.038312636,0.95934933,0.00047799794,0.0000022521651,0.0016510774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030602817,0.00027756728,0.00013020555,0.00007011296,0.000011039435,0.0000059594045,0.0001383596,0.06862335,0.930333,0.000020524181,0.000010311498,0.00007352441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014431455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034649781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06494368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054555636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052163878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3032658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060702497","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22106","title":"Separation of soybean oil from liquefied n‐butane and liquefied petroleum gas by membrane separation process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Soybean oil; Nanofiltration; Butane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Permeation; Fouling; Ethanol; Membrane technology; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00501105017136505,"score_gpt":0.20541295016500571,"score_spread":0.20040189999364066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060702497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973333,0.00009242074,0.0007572376,0.0010557305,0.000054384913,0.000039662045,0.000007064727,0.000019901368,0.0006403141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993687,0.0000070773326,0.00043284852,0.00006889622,0.0000491629,0.0000030315557,0.000007626666,0.000012950619,0.00004966135],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990995,0.000023703427,0.0003443117,0.00012042914,0.00022239506,0.00018966051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993357,0.00009758861,0.00019412047,0.00015190417,0.000028799126,0.0001919032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029670668,0.00012664056,0.00021054562,0.00005823087,0.000050242288,0.000036599693,0.00026721932,0.00011207501,0.00012186559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027751483,0.00010193558,0.000039230177,0.0001299142,0.00012851211,0.00019634227,0.000017772325,0.0002570212,0.0000058465885],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001963886,0.0000060693988,0.00018237761,0.00001932179,0.000016832983,0.0000017607745,0.00036323734,0.016607355,0.9814569,0.0001489554,0.0004081988,0.0007693512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027719024,0.000050330444,0.00012474724,0.000040563347,0.000023437322,0.000030293068,0.000024978539,0.037732176,0.9604067,0.00041451634,0.0007434089,0.00013166078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001044902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005211171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021124821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011816807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054004053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4156812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061559572","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.03.050","title":"Biodegradation kinetics of high strength oily pet food wastewater in a membrane-coupled bioreactor (MBR)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Biodegradation; Rendering (computer graphics); Membrane reactor; Nuclear chemistry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007462347388660596,"score_gpt":0.1953997272211274,"score_spread":0.1879373798324668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061559572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99571794,0.000032188706,0.0000351976,0.0002385761,0.000053018794,0.00021795894,0.000016929996,0.000099843164,0.003588328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948813,0.000012364826,0.004333746,0.000016672157,0.00001579349,0.000020499127,0.00006649904,0.000016425836,0.00063675555],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881506,0.000017422972,0.00036478307,0.000303149,0.00026556462,0.00023399513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994022,0.000033342956,0.0001476575,0.00037733914,0.000010326388,0.000029097275],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072317904,0.00016866741,0.00021046793,0.000022453092,0.00002034613,0.000018042347,0.0002705403,0.00010243026,0.0020812273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003758082,0.00014811855,0.00004254655,0.00037196046,0.00017308352,0.00015924967,0.00010328961,0.00010664644,0.00012148813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024238667,0.0002746711,0.012403534,0.000040839404,0.0000066673506,0.000005436055,0.0000630566,0.0009514056,0.9832136,0.00026334732,0.000955133,0.0017980483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006325084,0.00010223598,0.019958133,0.000014464035,0.000007592905,0.0000034855098,0.00009765407,0.0009509218,0.9764584,0.0007356264,0.0008672696,0.00017176032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011290533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013008094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007554599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010313576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000686351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99883103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061766016","doi":"10.2166/wst.2012.106","title":"Experimental and CFD simulation studies of wall shear stress for different impeller configurations and MBR activated sludge","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Shear stress; Impeller; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.03407832859295611,"score_gpt":0.3141978886957269,"score_spread":0.2801195601027708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061766016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977008,0.00019248632,0.00072031416,0.00066911353,0.00008115742,0.00039939667,0.0000045164393,0.00011612271,0.00011608395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991265,0.000019516128,0.00067586655,0.000024794936,0.000004996474,0.000064151085,0.0000024150097,0.0000058636983,0.00007591721],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989879,0.000011899482,0.00019641272,0.00029391111,0.00016393325,0.00034590604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959147,0.000041313528,0.00006709707,0.00022788315,0.00002554051,0.000046706005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018429552,0.00012511517,0.00017371717,0.00022323345,0.00026236326,0.000019840842,0.00021451013,0.000101721045,0.00005921647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008647751,0.00008427594,0.00001421879,0.00027192797,0.002385861,0.0005012272,0.0003799037,0.00006754173,0.0000081776725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008249284,0.000052823874,0.009784683,0.00000749439,0.000004972061,9.074463e-8,0.0016456405,0.0001442053,0.9864264,0.0008434887,0.000015718422,0.0010661987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023831766,0.00014666443,0.0050849263,0.000006102268,0.0000067700666,0.000003110855,0.0018771087,0.0019214436,0.98959494,0.00065959163,0.00035318293,0.000107871885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010918656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004050887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004699757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007315027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004227051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8790804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061876233","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.05.013","title":"Development of a species specific fouling index using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation–emission matrices for the ultrafiltration of natural water and drinking water production","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Chemistry; Particulates; Water treatment; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Ecology","score_opus":0.048187442845401,"score_gpt":0.2650058539093751,"score_spread":0.2168184110639741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061876233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992493,0.000047451522,0.0069978973,0.000060099803,0.00016542836,0.00019739155,5.184737e-7,0.000004865962,0.000033392203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9529054,0.00005285706,0.04700538,0.0000023080634,0.0000142908575,0.0000015770116,9.55718e-7,0.0000033830888,0.00001382618],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807435,0.000029262412,0.00075991027,0.00019246206,0.00076711026,0.00017691415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989448,0.000061689745,0.0006182234,0.00016635787,0.00017493706,0.000033990334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002012385,0.00009889554,0.0002492769,0.0004014081,0.0002281913,0.000022926495,0.00040728136,0.000033678523,0.00005991864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001140227,0.00005161843,0.00007105158,0.0006628776,0.0007199838,0.00065634516,0.00010592162,0.00009690293,2.994871e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008439109,0.000038927814,0.0058171893,0.000035288995,0.000035705485,2.8736744e-7,0.008247146,0.008889254,0.97535044,0.000024823821,9.571621e-7,0.0014756002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013406969,0.00004012209,0.064387366,0.000048945974,0.00007571712,0.000010334783,0.0013248385,0.0125926295,0.9212253,0.000059417533,0.00003577967,0.00006548231],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015797797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001293786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058570176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007973291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035182307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26528102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062485509","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2015.1043353","title":"Effect of organic matter to nitrogen ratio on membrane bioreactor performance","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Nutrient; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Organic matter; Nitrogen; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Fouling; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006637202896280637,"score_gpt":0.21638420408489084,"score_spread":0.2097470011886102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062485509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99517566,0.0000183218,0.00006154102,0.0006916809,0.00008635293,0.00052501896,0.000008570956,0.00021346638,0.0032193908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99861723,0.000012194951,0.0005131402,0.00020771302,0.000011237569,0.00008052342,0.000010770766,0.000030108193,0.0005170562],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985627,0.00005315627,0.0002808334,0.00042932312,0.00035159118,0.0003223944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990746,0.000040306186,0.00011247971,0.0006685174,0.0000016387329,0.000102469414],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024573258,0.00024409877,0.00028312046,0.00020316787,0.00005521536,0.0000070289766,0.0005423729,0.0002329389,0.0035105417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006648483,0.00020731066,0.000042622574,0.00039681542,0.00044806313,0.00013195993,0.00045754688,0.00020591504,0.016210062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010446899,0.00008375593,0.26919892,0.000008273669,0.000011595389,0.0000041450226,0.00006168503,0.00021183904,0.72325873,0.000021777318,0.0013841761,0.0056506046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005314417,0.001988178,0.004835722,0.00000791667,0.000012586368,0.00002075391,0.00007041902,0.000051558138,0.98875684,0.00008801326,0.0034351689,0.00020138205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058763085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035057858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26549813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003076955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050675208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062602945","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.019","title":"A novel thin film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membrane with superior anti-organic fouling affinity for water desalination","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":192,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Forward osmosis; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Membrane fouling; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.013493401640733621,"score_gpt":0.22586892335715236,"score_spread":0.21237552171641874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062602945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.873545,0.0000030735855,0.123588316,0.0011227012,0.00010619569,0.000700453,0.000010478141,0.0003037885,0.0006199989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9576006,0.0000062245067,0.041444167,0.00025619305,0.000038005877,0.00011420583,0.00014583416,0.000036189,0.00035860215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984627,0.00006738717,0.00032013076,0.00045548525,0.00037617979,0.00031814663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992796,0.00012070977,0.0001366257,0.00033823054,0.00006691211,0.00005788585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007908702,0.0002142772,0.00021770863,0.000108669905,0.00031828054,0.000089812645,0.00027053707,0.0001732976,0.00032244617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022292222,0.00016584664,0.00006084836,0.0002880934,0.00012613053,0.0006425296,0.00009321387,0.0001276871,0.00020369595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000573925,0.000103510065,0.001594737,0.00004025015,0.000013634393,5.277859e-7,0.0005622325,0.011910606,0.9836131,0.00081429,0.00015671969,0.0011330256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011313141,0.00022618377,0.005042899,0.000025242269,0.000042645446,0.00001149377,0.00008270028,0.07113819,0.91856074,0.00040930856,0.0030347484,0.0002945344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007868997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017651646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08405559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017805526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000106549915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67630297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063407263","doi":"10.1021/es902908g","title":"Ultrafiltration Membranes Incorporating Amphiphilic Comb Copolymer Additives Prevent Irreversible Adhesion of Bacteria","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Danmarks Tekniske Universitet; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Adhesion; Polyacrylonitrile; Ionic strength; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biophysics; Materials science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology","score_opus":0.0067571246844096745,"score_gpt":0.2227507230092191,"score_spread":0.21599359832480944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063407263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961102,0.000032569253,0.00009887733,0.00061588787,0.0002493634,0.0004462622,0.000024012235,0.000247168,0.0021756394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955957,0.000044176693,0.0039942716,0.00004912598,0.000017374516,0.000052575597,0.000019841655,0.000016570488,0.00021036193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976501,0.000038087983,0.0004672162,0.00072689756,0.00064728444,0.0004704082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987138,0.000055826637,0.00039440472,0.0007236039,0.000006718589,0.00010568067],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053135864,0.000258438,0.00026893627,0.00041661755,0.00044244292,0.000031474723,0.0011281621,0.00027913766,0.0050474354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017802788,0.00024330597,0.00006138108,0.0013512317,0.0069328328,0.0008908531,0.00063539384,0.000403884,0.00040871667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008926693,0.00017599465,0.018407175,0.0000057944735,0.0000035538542,0.0000026735888,0.00010316119,0.000055102373,0.9730519,0.0011501368,0.00006481354,0.00697076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022747458,0.00020580406,0.020965615,0.0000112523,0.000009795541,0.000040112824,0.00054115785,0.00022237295,0.97380894,0.0020978735,0.0016161801,0.00025342603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056941004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007412453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006717334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017925899,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037255257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99586207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064241883","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.03.036","title":"CFD modeling of a transient hollow fiber ultrafiltration system for protein concentration","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Viscosity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Membrane; Fiber; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.017112378717922185,"score_gpt":0.2514573731308959,"score_spread":0.2343449944129737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064241883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96538305,0.000030777945,0.030460615,0.00060486054,0.00012763405,0.00057139294,0.0000030193921,0.00003175959,0.0027868708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98747045,0.0000075586513,0.012379604,0.000030984447,0.000029823032,0.0000059800745,6.1535e-7,0.000004412386,0.000070549635],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792856,0.000032821026,0.0006838485,0.00021392488,0.00089394837,0.0002469226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903286,0.000026595566,0.0005095651,0.00019673543,0.00014377812,0.00009047191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015296809,0.000115006515,0.00023561403,0.00010834044,0.00015831161,0.00005032955,0.00050568377,0.00006245316,0.00006635177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024186178,0.00009230774,0.000101770594,0.0005867115,0.00027471248,0.0010501454,0.000012135962,0.00011677353,0.000008877274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000077492994,0.000045048502,0.000010335015,0.00002505025,0.000002350898,0.000001353045,0.0002750379,0.1226055,0.87332296,0.00043837592,0.000023007093,0.003173502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067689765,0.00048302865,0.00019024868,0.00010785233,0.000016346312,0.00004762997,0.0003057376,0.12943661,0.8683049,0.000227627,0.00009728629,0.00010582876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000071498994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023191133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0220874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019078265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011652108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37642005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065281815","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.052","title":"Morphological and separation performance study of polysulfone/titanium dioxide (PSF/TiO2) ultrafiltration membranes for humic acid removal","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":300,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Spinning; Concentration polarization; Hollow fiber membrane; Biofouling; Titanium dioxide; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.039468159446238694,"score_gpt":0.27084602381517253,"score_spread":0.23137786436893384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065281815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920438,0.000028781038,0.005483812,0.00003568741,0.00007787072,0.00084701495,0.00000521915,0.00012102701,0.0013567971],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99369556,0.00004306881,0.005938702,0.000022769651,0.000017138786,0.0000997445,0.000028919043,0.000011235442,0.00014284706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885696,0.00004977279,0.00036516556,0.00032192303,0.00025032507,0.00015583144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994559,0.000041169915,0.0002162789,0.000214721,0.000039798648,0.000032123247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042217466,0.0001391947,0.00016931247,0.00008693258,0.00013699748,0.00001613234,0.00015145469,0.00012402359,0.00012298886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011724359,0.000127593,0.000029538105,0.00022415028,0.00013463912,0.0005561738,0.000042583055,0.0000763228,0.000024224502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021261831,0.000425524,0.019993806,0.00005238117,0.000016811506,0.0000029814914,0.0025693544,0.00046133835,0.9696354,0.00065141654,0.00008374685,0.0058946037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008908964,0.0010845996,0.17459004,0.0000069747402,0.00003863112,0.00003675361,0.0011962645,0.0052167447,0.8161099,0.00052679447,0.00010598127,0.000196427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005783471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000076826924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15459622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060048933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066747707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52030915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065370057","doi":"10.1080/01496390903484818","title":"Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for Reuse of Indigo Dye Rinsing Waters","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Fouling; Microfiltration; Indigo; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Dyeing; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010195623112495784,"score_gpt":0.27760315028261867,"score_spread":0.2674075271701229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065370057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99562085,0.000007347003,0.0007271792,0.0024339533,0.00009795464,0.00031306833,0.0000029792943,0.00010442287,0.0006922608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844892,0.000020623605,0.0152953835,0.00007146009,0.0000053684826,0.000029383993,0.000002025691,0.000004053522,0.00008248591],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990301,0.000006902075,0.00020536428,0.00035073597,0.0002154945,0.00019139875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935937,0.000034203393,0.00012747501,0.00037475076,0.00006742092,0.00003679428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058200606,0.0000872998,0.000117851814,0.00028033124,0.00029589562,0.000040569004,0.0003119066,0.00015337826,0.000028869219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000730625,0.000077265686,0.000010483072,0.00087818434,0.0021713397,0.0006218762,0.00021921063,0.00010267141,0.000010276489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006060461,0.000010905408,0.014872105,0.000004930108,0.0000013187763,1.8872804e-7,0.00021955666,0.0000066416587,0.9677227,0.006626867,0.0003066886,0.010222026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025654363,0.0001521326,0.007959408,0.000004856384,0.000007991508,0.00001811537,0.0003583628,0.0013318053,0.969701,0.014307517,0.005774027,0.00012824427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026341737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006669713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014568205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026395272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035622994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8000392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065932769","doi":"10.2166/wst.2010.118","title":"Investigation of the effect of viscosity on slug flow in airlift tubular membranes in search of a sludge surrogate","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Slug flow; Slug; Coalescence (physics); Carboxymethyl cellulose; Chemistry; Viscosity; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.008392112442663238,"score_gpt":0.23347171011381798,"score_spread":0.22507959767115474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065932769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99813,0.000004679639,0.000012752589,0.0010520101,0.00009239037,0.00041263536,0.0000022182408,0.000044095734,0.00024922058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995799,0.0000032413507,0.00035365185,0.000013219642,0.0000013931948,0.00002822191,5.660206e-7,0.0000048210695,0.000014967082],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836063,0.000090909016,0.0003671035,0.00036716872,0.000483057,0.0003311193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990539,0.000058635414,0.00010843725,0.00073430606,0.000020298472,0.000024414234],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001830927,0.00012240846,0.00026472483,0.00071449473,0.000060366074,0.000006032514,0.0013476396,0.0001994749,0.00007020043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033762713,0.000073184194,0.000035520028,0.0024593228,0.0049009635,0.0002149905,0.0006474035,0.0003984216,0.000021697122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012863164,0.000014249767,0.26139784,0.000021078451,5.6631114e-7,0.0000010748396,0.00034047052,0.001451938,0.7358812,0.00015115661,0.000001521516,0.0007260098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002873102,0.00025315525,0.056775607,0.00002771222,0.000001956147,0.0000039671468,0.00005758573,0.0018918674,0.9395309,0.001089771,0.000013509476,0.00006664548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041024707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008450735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20462224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060527527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029453638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99780715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066538920","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0137","title":"Reversible and irreversible fouling of ultrafiltration ceramic membranes by model solutions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Context (archaeology); Contact angle; Chemistry; Chromatography; Water treatment; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Geology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011109045767186227,"score_gpt":0.22077010595065663,"score_spread":0.20966106018347042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066538920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885346,0.000091466965,0.008321374,0.00092542113,0.000060927592,0.00015888587,0.00000895434,0.00009422253,0.0018041392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964027,0.00023464458,0.00218305,0.00010617644,0.000014890123,0.000011285865,0.000040138664,0.000009742445,0.0009973684],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989713,0.000055367153,0.00020718024,0.00016690607,0.00024786167,0.00035140605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951833,0.00006275529,0.00021704327,0.00013678226,0.000014660606,0.000050395338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041577066,0.00010342241,0.00015926058,0.000050042647,0.00015476788,0.000024732288,0.00009848872,0.00008283071,0.0001264102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065435765,0.000091893126,0.000034965982,0.00025204083,0.00013694538,0.00075403776,0.000068741596,0.00010871397,0.00006338774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023413111,0.0001685171,0.19986732,0.000022501305,0.00006314159,1.1071159e-7,0.0036058149,0.0355849,0.73633534,0.00013321312,0.015564161,0.008631564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011536188,0.0001955843,0.030580485,0.00005613043,0.00022640328,0.0000050504837,0.003780253,0.14088659,0.8152155,0.0018986877,0.004944245,0.0010573987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038015927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029037365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16928683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027875224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046678115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3747293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066741087","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.08.018","title":"Separation of macromolecular proteins and rejection of toxic heavy metal ions by PEI/cSMM blend UF membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Republic of South Africa","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Metal ions in aqueous solution; Bovine serum albumin; Macromolecule; Metal; Aqueous solution; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011978528561665978,"score_gpt":0.26539690352745515,"score_spread":0.2534183749657892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066741087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876388,0.00026483543,0.0100261895,0.0007394497,0.00014592274,0.00015334615,0.000028689034,0.000019492218,0.0009833012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99595165,0.0003061769,0.003556857,0.00007525621,0.000033831428,0.00000600413,0.0000135358905,0.0000073340143,0.000049363643],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983057,0.00017970153,0.0006716644,0.00021196491,0.0004913847,0.00013958976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988887,0.00011511253,0.000684909,0.00013203734,0.00011737884,0.00006186415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004854347,0.00015233681,0.0003064928,0.000121472905,0.000045260556,0.00002406341,0.00042537652,0.0001383009,0.000267879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049770565,0.000113820424,0.00013176863,0.00014966291,0.0004548921,0.00018865694,0.00016277323,0.00016048635,0.000008896954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014538874,0.00016738029,0.0024389464,0.00001037023,0.0000734666,0.000008656499,0.00005247054,0.00024366929,0.9908748,0.0008634354,0.0001710225,0.0049503567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000489817,0.00092340354,0.0048056464,0.000037877122,0.000024135323,0.00020010989,0.000077981524,0.00043839775,0.9866563,0.004275277,0.0019397535,0.0001313226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005575527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014133627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008312867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046685484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012713039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46414623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067166310","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2004.9619352","title":"Municipal Wastewater Treatment by USAB Process: Start-up at 20°c and Operation at Low Temperatures","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Process (computing); Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.006638775848324566,"score_gpt":0.21988245006602863,"score_spread":0.21324367421770407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067166310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967157,0.00040816888,0.000006633848,0.0015687882,0.000066577864,0.0005519786,0.000058898648,0.00030902022,0.00031419538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928448,0.00045477555,0.00039840818,0.00013235945,0.000009766245,0.00019261465,0.00013847668,0.00003205206,0.00579674],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99827605,0.000025152947,0.0002835164,0.00070742145,0.0002654876,0.0004423375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928224,0.000011926141,0.00009156533,0.0005296711,9.646946e-7,0.00008363988],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060616323,0.0003404434,0.00024766492,0.00009352456,0.00042335354,0.00002749369,0.00030309454,0.00032853914,0.0025242784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010285748,0.00028452725,0.00003951258,0.00013744224,0.0011071747,0.00026222336,0.00061319786,0.00016926309,0.0013237892],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044782086,0.00019384174,0.016133526,0.0000052824585,0.000018214363,0.000016935774,0.00079538894,0.0010803617,0.9800495,0.000040194696,0.00056871225,0.0010532951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013842647,0.0005595824,0.00084060867,0.000007652802,0.00001639432,0.00010863478,0.0008648544,0.00008956464,0.9784033,0.00053295854,0.01685786,0.00033435161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050844676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002461097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016289148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014945312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047493572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067373562","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.531-532.18","title":"Fabrication and Properties of Poly(Ether Imide)/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Key engineering materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Prince Edward Island","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Glutaraldehyde; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite number; Fouling; Solvent; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01686283930476323,"score_gpt":0.21310337359515408,"score_spread":0.19624053429039084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067373562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99719346,0.00045231348,0.0013756849,0.000084809544,0.00022145009,0.00020870709,0.00000791247,0.00017444027,0.00028121565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995179,0.00004918021,0.0045567527,0.000017905355,0.00004965184,0.000030863095,0.0000092563305,0.00001805816,0.00008933965],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992035,0.000027694876,0.0002678146,0.00014250753,0.00015658773,0.00020189171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.000019074996,0.00009616297,0.00020387284,0.000008692128,0.000045658115],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025643292,0.00013287594,0.00017676725,0.0000522109,0.00003759053,0.00003224599,0.00011650483,0.00007947174,0.00039521107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080077574,0.00011579064,0.00001617532,0.00010038291,0.00007800102,0.00048990385,0.000060416038,0.000039042927,0.00007362639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000995231,0.000018792998,0.001410356,0.0000591453,0.000008286571,9.431753e-8,0.00038641866,0.00040277082,0.9969069,0.00030285842,0.000026066973,0.00046838753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011350766,0.000016186019,0.029138235,0.000025449637,0.000011478432,0.000006401389,0.000025276178,0.00022336074,0.9698958,0.000013242196,0.0004011991,0.00012987733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012440726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012511875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02772788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036243357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002385099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47218052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067520506","doi":"10.2166/wst.2007.644","title":"Comparison of mixed liquor filterability measured with bench and pilot-scale membrane bioreactors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Full scale; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Membrane; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.020971721908060417,"score_gpt":0.27288406864019915,"score_spread":0.25191234673213875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067520506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99506265,0.000020599002,0.0014349612,0.0009196129,0.00007793252,0.0003144278,0.000002178831,0.00032548016,0.0018421693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938927,0.0000038502953,0.005990183,0.000022306864,0.0000035439218,0.000013624092,0.0000016360169,0.0000086959635,0.0000634247],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997737,0.000020634121,0.00040907788,0.00066679204,0.0005581459,0.0006083685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989578,0.00003523129,0.00013321766,0.000730074,0.00004979626,0.00009389739],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012665961,0.00019316185,0.0003302455,0.00049430307,0.00023106187,0.000027483686,0.0008840783,0.00016161041,0.00016153956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011617616,0.00012466221,0.000020405798,0.0016131538,0.0066529205,0.00037498985,0.0005403478,0.00023361137,0.00004422751],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003322952,0.00010355869,0.23092061,0.0000069041257,0.0000020287748,0.0000016335373,0.00036095452,0.000032092055,0.7644533,0.00009848454,0.000011265622,0.00397594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023508334,0.0006832783,0.052527953,0.0000072296048,0.0000075837656,0.000019432515,0.00047277135,0.00012526556,0.9446734,0.0005708471,0.00050688634,0.00017027248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010298212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006662017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1802201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011901951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020996698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067632150","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.03.003","title":"Performance improvement of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane using N-succinyl chitosan as additive","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Science Council; Defence Research and Development Organisation","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Chitosan; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Materials science; Polyethylene glycol; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Attenuated total reflection; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Infrared spectroscopy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010586094529014043,"score_gpt":0.23326420641113885,"score_spread":0.2226781118821248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067632150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887408,0.0000049780733,0.00080306554,0.00015627217,0.00007925613,0.000499473,0.0000052782307,0.000089347464,0.009621507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973699,0.00002971671,0.0022626168,0.00006556691,0.000022307504,0.000049683433,0.00004170584,0.000010782779,0.00014773812],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989419,0.000024618254,0.00030408648,0.00022016863,0.00034295412,0.00016625835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947476,0.00002894617,0.00022374543,0.00020926983,0.000026680229,0.00003658453],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012906789,0.0001181657,0.00012070951,0.00007936796,0.000098006254,0.000022668619,0.00015040582,0.00008749088,0.0017569563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008186737,0.00011265962,0.000031556294,0.00030184063,0.00011781924,0.0007394971,0.0000455958,0.00008000024,0.00028439725],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068264517,0.000046318226,0.0017583204,0.000010526746,0.00000594958,1.6271153e-7,0.0001840834,0.0018289983,0.96394366,0.0001945851,0.000052614312,0.031967968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022815673,0.00016498848,0.039517432,0.0000116975725,0.000009581189,0.000003442783,0.00016809028,0.02883857,0.9307022,0.00018949802,0.000048810998,0.00011751876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005489013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016083632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037759114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087566536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013551632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067698572","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.01.4","title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modelling of Porous, Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Ultrafiltration (renal); Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Porous medium; Porosity; Finite element method; Materials science; Computer science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.013355124241208693,"score_gpt":0.239661642774381,"score_spread":0.22630651853317232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067698572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372906,0.00019509133,0.058919013,0.0020183043,0.00009144975,0.00023792079,0.000003654957,0.00007146702,0.00117247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9840338,0.00037183563,0.015282422,0.00007336517,0.00002157977,0.000009087112,0.000012070223,0.000012218621,0.00018361822],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983103,0.000048144248,0.0008697536,0.00019860575,0.00038815042,0.00018499696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881196,0.00010005106,0.00068070815,0.00019173365,0.0001584692,0.00005710704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032838163,0.00016961011,0.0003713008,0.0003737505,0.00010372987,0.00003430628,0.00027784993,0.0002705751,0.0006502928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000097263895,0.00014893794,0.000064637636,0.00048130972,0.00036743365,0.0007470925,0.00005811566,0.000248784,0.000047776677],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007462406,0.00019144698,0.005024607,0.00008458291,0.00007761715,0.000008414443,0.00039537536,0.7510158,0.21104531,0.010624395,0.0009306361,0.020527214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011622434,0.00065223,0.0010171931,0.00004544272,0.000060522558,0.00055171683,0.0011359309,0.7287942,0.23182878,0.033689916,0.0007239881,0.0003378351],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006286268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024858347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046743173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007203384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029502915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.712025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067774762","doi":"10.1109/ams.2010.83","title":"Modeling the Rejection Performance of Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes Modified by Negatively Charged-Modifying Macromolecule","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Sulfonate; Nanofiltration; Phase inversion; Steric effects; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Carboxylate; Materials science; Fiber; Polyelectrolyte; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Sodium; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014578218632279821,"score_gpt":0.23228973753199272,"score_spread":0.2177115188997129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067774762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9779902,0.000014072796,0.0033388264,0.00033102397,0.00010015237,0.00026909137,0.0000032273908,0.00013472041,0.017818665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99570644,0.00004499988,0.0018246942,0.00006835934,0.000013187901,0.000036585196,0.000008239107,0.000011815641,0.0022856577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895066,0.00003231908,0.00026193593,0.0002564564,0.00030936603,0.00018925415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948937,0.000032543234,0.00010446612,0.00032729085,0.000019179619,0.000027129443],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030606196,0.00013218657,0.00011786431,0.000034250963,0.0002535601,0.000024624835,0.00029460844,0.000111628164,0.0012963999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006190471,0.00009235227,0.000043680604,0.00025834172,0.00017911,0.00045147515,0.00007629039,0.00021624638,0.00016474485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019879632,0.000022609742,0.00019735086,0.000010746993,0.000004560384,9.8468405e-8,0.00018364277,0.03689769,0.9595819,0.00013407622,0.00033648743,0.0026109442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001273939,0.00002856833,0.0001391383,0.0000030878693,0.0000043350637,0.0000030730805,0.00007059274,0.39306015,0.6061597,0.00010809231,0.00021000749,0.00008591149],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034785885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010718105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35616246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025620011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008803595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067854615","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.056","title":"Effect of surface pattern formation on membrane fouling and its control in phase inversion process","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phase inversion; Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Polymer; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.00936903844193429,"score_gpt":0.2756026563315811,"score_spread":0.26623361788964683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067854615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99824107,0.0000372564,0.00026407512,0.000515881,0.000083031984,0.0004082051,0.0000013018145,0.000013041073,0.00043613435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997239,0.000056724744,0.00008566653,0.00010090574,0.000008908685,0.0000033714864,2.2992442e-7,0.000005205095,0.000015060184],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807024,0.00010565007,0.0005275056,0.00019654821,0.00085470255,0.00024533732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890614,0.00023139354,0.0005439595,0.00014463908,0.00006732459,0.00010654952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002311968,0.00013529364,0.00030278525,0.0002305177,0.000096187076,0.00004644476,0.00047748198,0.0000617673,0.0002049058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000563057,0.00009706605,0.000038879538,0.00066295126,0.00031139457,0.0021169817,0.0000659085,0.00022408624,0.000047017795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118259646,0.00006716265,0.0022327923,0.00010589131,0.000002235368,0.000005272225,0.0003843073,0.016282484,0.9674334,0.000004666661,0.000022567776,0.0133409565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025114617,0.001079726,0.0011465808,0.0001198047,0.000008600699,0.000033327815,0.00013451121,0.12338169,0.87144804,0.000036633643,0.00000904428,0.00009056844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028190341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054475922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107099205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010682161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027752247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39582387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067918087","doi":"10.1021/ie000794q","title":"Calculation of the Hydrodynamic Permeability of Gels and Gel-Filled Microporous Membranes","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Microporous material; Membrane; Scaling; Chemistry; RADIUS; Compressibility; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemical physics; Thermodynamics; Polymer chemistry; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04302486367726149,"score_gpt":0.2929455246122345,"score_spread":0.249920660934973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067918087","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99871075,0.000053365067,0.0000059099393,0.00017001273,0.000029474944,0.00022067924,0.000005080305,0.000029623934,0.0007750757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993912,0.000034206805,0.0000197724,6.9508684e-7,0.00003014579,0.000008680386,0.000002281557,0.000009259197,0.00050376746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879396,0.000040903407,0.0002661122,0.00021850315,0.000459151,0.00022135262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993206,0.00014176605,0.00006589432,0.00039940438,0.00002930532,0.00004298434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065909076,0.000095169395,0.00015703918,0.000029133966,0.00006388826,0.000011373616,0.00033529266,0.00020341268,0.00040140783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008415379,0.000076796314,0.000041867643,0.00047333087,0.00043433195,0.000063772895,0.0002807912,0.0003842199,0.000004414035],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019646222,0.000023062219,0.009612449,0.00004579068,0.0000067539945,0.0000010157552,0.00006147008,0.0146229165,0.9743471,0.0000036640101,0.000043158456,0.0012129456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032041923,0.000015385596,0.0060713193,0.000027558603,0.000004470058,0.0000134559095,0.000045855642,0.009195794,0.983488,0.000041195908,0.0007026369,0.00007391236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000247725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038734206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00914087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012676834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021114465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43951342},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068082473","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21968","title":"Separated performances of ammonium sulphate and ammonium chloride solutions treated by vacuum membrane distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Ammonium chloride; Volumetric flow rate; Ammonium; Membrane; Nitrogen; Chromatography; Ammonia; Distillation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006828774777625019,"score_gpt":0.18051466492209683,"score_spread":0.1736858901444718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068082473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99875003,0.0001213841,0.0002629948,0.0005040367,0.000060525745,0.000053612635,0.0000064275387,0.000017199252,0.00022379306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976504,0.000014705866,0.00012475095,0.000013864534,0.000025279767,0.0000015249158,0.0000036650274,0.000008667653,0.000042481763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927557,0.0000121153535,0.00027014143,0.00008042178,0.0001434831,0.00021825613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995064,0.000058097943,0.00013150321,0.00011471525,0.000021280952,0.00016798248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002585557,0.000101465215,0.00016213217,0.00006102576,0.00007767579,0.000024885856,0.00019946073,0.00006772716,0.0000629505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010989819,0.00007590024,0.000034180288,0.0002072162,0.00018554972,0.0001625153,0.000021836448,0.00017411694,0.000005210328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009586689,0.000010680119,0.0025977415,0.00003582928,0.000049953873,0.000003102325,0.00031749535,0.06701116,0.92745525,0.00036001968,0.0009974835,0.0010654433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018553917,0.000033616387,0.0010802805,0.000020527868,0.000021435308,0.000031003474,0.000007689179,0.055829015,0.94137996,0.000058679638,0.001257433,0.0000948463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014800424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033873835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013924717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000116706135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027765042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30951223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068465768","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.04.01.014","title":"Modeling Tool for Air Stripping and Carbon Adsorbers to Remove Trace Organic Contaminants","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Air stripping; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Stripping (fiber); Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Environmental science; Waste management; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.010587998559582371,"score_gpt":0.1952695707713174,"score_spread":0.18468157221173503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068465768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99024594,0.00008622662,0.009243304,0.00008275985,0.00015652561,0.0000897059,0.0000047317244,0.000012289109,0.00007853737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950466,0.000059878734,0.00474951,0.000051001716,0.000035957295,0.0000031968452,7.1041984e-7,0.000011835404,0.000041267867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938977,0.000004801685,0.00021323895,0.00011087164,0.00017006528,0.000111282745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981296,0.000017612996,0.00006148231,0.000049315655,0.0000036456495,0.000054957454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001246538,0.00009534091,0.00010281064,0.000055259094,0.000022955852,0.000011546623,0.00016023114,0.000038512702,0.00007781056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029442,0.00008719913,0.000029331733,0.00002174737,0.000026809637,0.00019621922,0.00010962014,0.000081154,0.0000022911029],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013207679,0.00004024883,0.0061314036,0.000006965111,0.000069470596,0.000018901219,0.0012400381,0.13141435,0.8441726,0.000030373649,0.0000057341567,0.016737837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021601482,0.00058930187,0.090652294,0.00015628937,0.00006879661,0.00049373525,0.0015141921,0.64239347,0.26030356,0.00019842699,0.00080836396,0.000661433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021074562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002502803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58386904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009960921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020383259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35558772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069056848","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2013.04.015","title":"Mathematical modeling of nanofiltration for concentrated electrolyte solutions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Electrolyte; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Electrode; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.028093221278787682,"score_gpt":0.2519971151268325,"score_spread":0.2239038938480448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069056848","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41898537,0.000009757922,0.57430744,0.00038645414,0.000019078425,0.00062450586,0.0000028583972,0.00010566305,0.005558838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860525,0.0000034101242,0.013464657,0.000021388618,0.0000066641937,0.0001385663,0.00002871995,0.0000060207117,0.0002780622],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993724,0.000018215225,0.00021794664,0.00011707075,0.00013584785,0.00013851355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970794,0.000041648367,0.00007791645,0.00010920232,0.00004374037,0.000019526826],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016720149,0.00005702825,0.000076642886,0.000029292274,0.0000711371,0.000016258591,0.00008440076,0.00006497644,0.0010499755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014797632,0.00005378195,0.00002778625,0.00014237646,0.000054694654,0.0002934698,0.000016760805,0.00003221006,0.00030755115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000139107005,0.000103302,0.00013140388,0.000026001495,0.000010001056,4.9012428e-8,0.00017836549,0.050033443,0.86078566,0.079143696,0.00095595926,0.008618235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001584541,0.0000548551,0.00015920689,0.000004073588,0.0000063912466,7.52218e-7,0.000036609108,0.8631752,0.101543225,0.03473498,0.00007072682,0.000055511475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023803685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006180672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81314176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059083683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007839223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069499456","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.045","title":"Integrated thermophilic submerged aerobic membrane bioreactor and electrochemical oxidation for pulp and paper effluent treatment – towards system closure","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp (tooth); Fouling; Wastewater; Electrochemistry; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Electrode; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011405544363275705,"score_gpt":0.22450275569593536,"score_spread":0.21309721133265966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069499456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960514,0.0007709707,0.00021499973,0.0010774827,0.00004797798,0.00085152284,0.000009625055,0.0007525084,0.00022355429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977635,0.00012235428,0.0015301382,0.00004667997,0.00003115271,0.0003413232,0.0000360654,0.00002953793,0.00009921321],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985654,0.000040950206,0.0002808597,0.00045244262,0.00014105496,0.00051930256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933153,0.0000387708,0.0001252328,0.0003848755,0.0000148330555,0.00010473018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019811194,0.00029399878,0.00031671184,0.0001733537,0.00013934543,0.000022502505,0.00020697822,0.0004954355,0.00008449833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010599717,0.00022167202,0.000049341987,0.00039302232,0.00048525372,0.00013466582,0.00013581662,0.00014529366,0.00003503172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060584018,0.0000762387,0.014102894,0.000024771354,0.000032635773,7.1974875e-7,0.00012780805,5.3625763e-7,0.9670459,0.0012364362,0.00008508438,0.017206367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008709935,0.00040999346,0.011103031,0.000015801552,0.00006888734,0.000077745135,0.0005625656,0.00014830222,0.96263117,0.00011409733,0.023703538,0.00029388227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007827202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031002244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023618454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003259532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010383156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90395224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070030454","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.02.053","title":"Comparison of multiple port and end port connections for pressure vessels","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bell (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Piping; Port (circuit theory); Engineering; Marine engineering; Mechanical engineering; Civil engineering","score_opus":0.04470250653833224,"score_gpt":0.3092218035321063,"score_spread":0.2645192969937741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070030454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98776656,0.000057500856,0.009758868,0.00020274414,0.000056014112,0.00034025885,0.00001625483,0.00007868686,0.0017231089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955289,0.000014366161,0.0037826349,0.00001326679,0.000008057918,0.000038716822,0.00003141429,0.000005288798,0.00057737826],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946743,0.000011470271,0.00017634819,0.00014085743,0.00012874023,0.0000751241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999659,0.00007743117,0.000112410635,0.0001113978,0.00002030988,0.000019441486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011447089,0.000054997065,0.00010274722,0.000036600934,0.00011302899,0.000004356827,0.000061138,0.00006358697,0.00012165176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018129805,0.00005503786,0.000018382641,0.000099559446,0.00014479154,0.00015128673,0.000028113962,0.00003777246,0.0000076036154],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003690677,0.00026275913,0.8260804,0.00005130924,0.000026570238,0.0000010077372,0.0015893145,0.0057958355,0.14543006,0.0038263586,0.008971037,0.007928434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056159834,0.00014866772,0.45518476,0.0000056610534,0.000025849338,0.000012982929,0.00023807248,0.034724656,0.48024023,0.00082612,0.027892359,0.00013904962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038365415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048610524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37089565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015179225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000057485613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22443788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070449280","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2009.06.044","title":"Flux performance and macrosolute sieving behavior of environment responsive formed-in-place ultrafiltration membranes","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; McMaster University","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Porosity; Ionic strength; Chromatography; Polymer; Materials science; Synthetic membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Matrix (chemical analysis); Dextran; Chemistry; Composite material; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.010451427988850811,"score_gpt":0.24697629346468414,"score_spread":0.23652486547583332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070449280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99764174,0.00010185019,0.00010769356,0.00053822703,0.0000910009,0.0002312918,0.0000016012231,0.000014058689,0.0012725429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956068,0.0006064473,0.0034851197,0.000076434175,0.000015132595,0.0000032603687,3.911781e-7,0.000005606127,0.00020082318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975985,0.00005241943,0.00070978364,0.00029242205,0.0009957183,0.00035114234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998884,0.00011011318,0.000571105,0.0002759357,0.00003751453,0.00012129971],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019751575,0.00016542325,0.00030119557,0.00030209092,0.00016544973,0.000046911995,0.00060190685,0.00007420856,0.00023707381],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003277309,0.00013872192,0.00005297691,0.00064583466,0.00090588216,0.0016631974,0.00008765232,0.00025071698,0.000018244915],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010399262,0.000087668275,0.007750055,0.000018298273,0.0000016847978,0.000015610778,0.00051716535,0.0058644013,0.9740813,0.00005738646,0.000030182262,0.011472249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005943614,0.0006221453,0.20434609,0.00007163074,0.00001809796,0.00029730078,0.00037636032,0.0016391029,0.7914324,0.00009897479,0.00033282666,0.0001707028],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009126533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072022644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19659604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019201197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000789223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5656916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070457814","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2013.08.014","title":"Synthesis and characterization of thin film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane with hydrophilic nanocomposite support to reduce internal concentration polarization","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":284,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Polysulfone; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Titanium dioxide; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00680109650751802,"score_gpt":0.22124618467914828,"score_spread":0.21444508817163027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070457814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99509746,0.0000069590856,0.0020966632,0.0014145285,0.0001394733,0.000522688,0.000007328838,0.00003065017,0.00068425067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943,0.00005501577,0.005177349,0.00020673285,0.000027923588,0.000015645133,0.0000033059544,0.000015086623,0.0001989108],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973473,0.00008380976,0.00076435634,0.00037574265,0.0010972067,0.00033156405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830586,0.000084348234,0.0008614991,0.00029929628,0.00020535548,0.00024364471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00092164567,0.0002139516,0.0003739269,0.00029031638,0.00021723018,0.00017629535,0.00072466896,0.000083007966,0.00058291503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002078976,0.00016541396,0.000057652313,0.0011203674,0.0007013785,0.0025249403,0.00018139815,0.00017807838,0.00005019021],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008785387,0.00006083032,0.005411701,0.000026018228,0.000013659636,0.0000037388866,0.0005621137,0.0019806388,0.98856896,0.000045717064,0.000030017281,0.0032087585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034251,0.00045201916,0.06398088,0.00012325562,0.000034753124,0.00019141582,0.00008316028,0.0046674907,0.9297927,0.000029865712,0.0001234303,0.00017851502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000101485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008036672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05877625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015353097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000096845404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67453855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070831243","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.09.048","title":"Chemical cleaning of oil contaminated polyethylene hollow fiber microfiltration membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"New York Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Cleaning agent; Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Polyethylene; Hollow fiber membrane; Permeation; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010141373554165658,"score_gpt":0.25340934982435037,"score_spread":0.2432679762701847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070831243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874922,0.000103562714,0.00034443135,0.00032989297,0.0002513439,0.000060777922,0.0000015474822,0.00003418102,0.011382087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915491,0.000073139134,0.007653415,0.00009147194,0.000047827274,6.4066427e-7,6.867312e-7,0.000011035499,0.00057271286],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970797,0.00003875528,0.0009051643,0.00028432626,0.00126262,0.00042943665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983349,0.00018906464,0.0008449569,0.00030846213,0.00015054776,0.0001721027],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003470581,0.00017339477,0.00034235328,0.00031228317,0.00014586333,0.000044791817,0.0010030647,0.00012256729,0.0009256846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00080586405,0.00014366135,0.00011596872,0.0013877464,0.0014602857,0.0010179854,0.00015861937,0.0003140645,0.000075355594],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104212515,0.00006653016,0.00052304653,0.000022846145,0.0000066773155,0.000019690258,0.0003258387,0.0003271196,0.97981185,0.000053940432,0.00008118159,0.018657055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062894623,0.00011714803,0.0028299913,0.000052097355,0.000018312696,0.0002242199,0.00044843173,0.00016154973,0.994419,0.000053695614,0.0008927186,0.0001539133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004229656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011649939,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018503143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018481162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010050582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071006372","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.037","title":"Ammonia removal in the carbon contactor of a hybrid membrane process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ammonia; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemistry; Nitrification; Adsorption; Hydraulic retention time; Activated carbon; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Effluent; Nitrogen","score_opus":0.043594760805552246,"score_gpt":0.32951948324444025,"score_spread":0.285924722438888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071006372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.973231,0.0000062741806,0.000004518563,0.001153036,0.000015691201,0.00030492307,8.243512e-7,0.000023911762,0.025259795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992936,0.000004903405,0.000060951115,0.00003143428,0.000011930016,0.000045292414,0.0000023650557,0.0000070444958,0.0005424648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982084,0.0003011547,0.0001739947,0.00021469673,0.0007469451,0.0003548051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994743,0.000059137103,0.00002040398,0.0004030737,0.000017293429,0.000025804886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022845569,0.00006818457,0.00011289901,0.00008720233,0.000054950546,0.000024534347,0.0006692044,0.000034321336,0.0002714144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019486074,0.000036527617,0.000018459166,0.00025543512,0.00034215703,0.000078690806,0.00017971043,0.00027551973,0.00018527743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008974665,0.00011986043,0.012051079,0.0000648559,0.0000042898046,0.000042711617,0.0031286206,0.000286182,0.98090523,0.00025893297,0.0002660319,0.0027824452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025442182,0.000108831235,0.0027450593,0.000009503229,0.0000010152016,0.00001570249,0.00028205093,0.0017597382,0.9883627,0.002124091,0.0042738207,0.000063061474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013117454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036663856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026062587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047807538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000748943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29717973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071397497","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.001","title":"Surface modification of thin-film-composite polyamide membranes for improved reverse osmosis performance","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Surface modification; Permeation; Chitosan; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite number; Chemistry; Chlorine; Materials science; Chromatography; Monomer; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03375761418267014,"score_gpt":0.2592547236468779,"score_spread":0.22549710946420776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071397497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99457705,0.00008396082,0.0012810753,0.00038752187,0.00034253605,0.00034283276,0.000008943471,0.000037946433,0.0029381528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9631992,0.00030589494,0.036040545,0.00009272873,0.000021013548,0.000004333326,8.8394756e-7,0.000012766866,0.00032262027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99773586,0.000042540632,0.00080707227,0.00032944858,0.0007094302,0.0003756587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979943,0.000102935366,0.0010705527,0.00049246865,0.00019906892,0.00014067598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002319627,0.00018684384,0.0003538996,0.00020060044,0.00025571336,0.000034489985,0.0014320128,0.00009149922,0.00024930132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036877138,0.00015066791,0.00013873534,0.0009432244,0.001128666,0.0017030258,0.00015576072,0.00020105927,0.000030026056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018766604,0.00009870871,0.001715523,0.00007099227,0.000009837785,8.698601e-7,0.0007522138,0.0077916463,0.9873989,0.00010281851,0.00016553901,0.0017052648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005513138,0.00034381484,0.008072863,0.000044391098,0.00003359196,0.00004803162,0.00025561868,0.022443248,0.96712077,0.00037048775,0.00054076646,0.00017512968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009796421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000073686842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03475947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014000291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000110633686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6144059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073274629","doi":"10.2118/86932-ms","title":"Application of a Reverse-Emulsion-Breaker at a SAGD Pilot Plant in Northern Alberta","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Emulsion; Turbidity; Produced water; Environmental science; Circuit breaker; Waste management; Water cooling; Water quality; Pilot plant; Chemical plant; Bottle; Process engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Geology; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.009502426551380797,"score_gpt":0.21602545525867675,"score_spread":0.20652302870729594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073274629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9772147,0.000004836118,0.00080595724,0.00078516244,0.000011894381,0.00028257727,0.0000027539822,0.00004774887,0.020844352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974909,0.00000878774,0.0010867227,0.00012558787,0.00000249764,0.000034056924,0.000009770175,0.000005770033,0.0012359443],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993075,0.000009491395,0.00019327838,0.00020466503,0.00016263215,0.00012241477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958587,0.000032208864,0.000068709014,0.00028557336,0.0000029099892,0.000024728855],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006515167,0.00007515488,0.0000954532,0.000035218563,0.000027189626,0.0000028845268,0.00016694693,0.00004631898,0.00067754264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034314104,0.00006197993,0.000018011466,0.00021101395,0.0000936252,0.00008364709,0.00013004208,0.000048427053,0.0013141934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012373313,0.00043689768,0.48654827,0.000018973824,0.0000074790532,0.0000034618558,0.0007706574,0.01814267,0.4843317,0.0027500752,0.0014082629,0.005457826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002568465,0.0004187748,0.3513691,0.000042100797,0.000012097106,0.00002446086,0.00038664573,0.0024306234,0.6174214,0.0071070655,0.017673833,0.0005454644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01634293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18517287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16882995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021652371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043898717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074074972","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.07.009","title":"A facile method for synthesis of pegylated polyethersulfone and its application in fabrication of antifouling ultrafiltration membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Fouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Ethylene glycol; Synthetic membrane; Materials science; PEG ratio; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Bovine serum albumin; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.017411535534083367,"score_gpt":0.3012629972518945,"score_spread":0.2838514617178111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074074972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9199956,0.00008050634,0.078868635,0.00022583624,0.000054811204,0.00037505777,0.0000053430163,0.0000115885505,0.00038264546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9663957,0.0000974898,0.03345327,0.000013200348,0.000011647136,0.000006383386,6.492084e-7,0.000006179704,0.000015505524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801785,0.00004996831,0.0008568702,0.00024124069,0.0006174486,0.0002165958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980287,0.0005557354,0.0009857655,0.0001860287,0.00017576986,0.0000680032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005547839,0.0001081428,0.0003073528,0.0004314069,0.00007668095,0.000013327828,0.00042757133,0.000086878834,0.00003219412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019363483,0.00009495669,0.000053360498,0.0013385671,0.0003399465,0.00068820495,0.000041831783,0.00011992718,0.0000020673176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101124206,0.000064407366,0.0010489285,0.00005213235,0.00000439705,4.5473428e-7,0.00042503697,0.004447643,0.96782213,0.00021405723,0.000002362385,0.02581734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003656656,0.0001194328,0.0127651775,0.000046920468,0.000018224375,0.000022724938,0.0004470432,0.01976501,0.96612895,0.00019535776,0.000039035676,0.000086472064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006470883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035296336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046400096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094543015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005859269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38722214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074948257","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2004.05.067","title":"Thin-film membranes derived from co-continuous polymer blends: preparation and performance","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Science Council","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Polystyrene; Porosity; Polymer; Polymer blend; Microporous material; Composite material; Copolymer; Styrene; Void (composites); Permeation; Surface tension; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.009576781485436154,"score_gpt":0.23428494378539186,"score_spread":0.22470816229995572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074948257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98522115,0.0011462847,0.0001210725,0.00052743003,0.000109491164,0.0001899323,0.000010202989,0.00025735956,0.01241708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971239,0.00020833734,0.00029589602,0.00035599637,0.000041063915,0.00003442757,0.000022756172,0.000017880824,0.0018997529],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987983,0.000026611142,0.0002326596,0.00040176124,0.00026835702,0.0002722812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994366,0.000032555217,0.00010362424,0.00034948398,0.000004747066,0.00007297492],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007976027,0.00019120298,0.00017952628,0.00004579186,0.00018418324,0.00005598423,0.00021819716,0.000121801626,0.0020689813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018639668,0.00017153833,0.00003458985,0.00013534786,0.00028646667,0.00050161744,0.00010839245,0.00011826655,0.00093892333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015064148,0.00010432457,0.028154355,0.000020521424,0.000044523757,0.000008945135,0.0055742944,0.0010329223,0.95185286,0.00031382663,0.0005615046,0.012181276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004993083,0.000090761096,0.015887212,0.000011570299,0.000016698916,0.000010396313,0.0002625006,0.0006069389,0.9815964,0.00025164054,0.00053933216,0.00022725704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010709254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000121701,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02974352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054316864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017623162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074951422","doi":"10.1002/btpr.293","title":"Monitoring the fractionation of a whey protein isolate during dead‐end membrane filtration using fluorescence and chemometric methods","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fractionation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Size-exclusion chromatography; Fluorescence; Membrane; Dead end; Biochemistry; Enzyme; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023085541611457587,"score_gpt":0.31185697492757625,"score_spread":0.28877143331611865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074951422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930001,0.0003590674,0.0035915682,0.0020918425,0.000055187527,0.00056203257,0.0000010145893,0.00025937957,0.00007981188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9044947,0.000111374466,0.09530821,0.0000069247167,0.000013246668,0.000030008741,6.6280734e-7,0.0000077461855,0.000027105607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883014,0.00007664861,0.00028812973,0.00034088528,0.00023140582,0.00023277034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992913,0.00003485247,0.00027288642,0.0003558349,0.00002073004,0.000024394796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004334797,0.00014952713,0.0001681525,0.00024750375,0.00024087842,0.000030591393,0.00032088638,0.0003349614,0.00003834253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026365212,0.00011994703,0.000028984117,0.0011201673,0.000567218,0.0003224245,0.00014438033,0.00027015473,0.0000056314057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015353553,0.000031848773,0.0023816398,0.0000131528905,0.0000067863452,0.00000134803,0.000055829463,0.00006984888,0.8820223,0.00033096853,9.799427e-7,0.115069896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017291425,0.0000830464,0.042117074,0.000028339482,0.0000113757715,0.000031326752,0.000090574475,0.0037020894,0.95292455,0.0006518796,0.00006849081,0.00011835703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028238113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022961638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.114951536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009871567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009504543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48912978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075109327","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00114-x","title":"Progress in membrane science and technology for seawater desalination — a review","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":254,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03901719465238183,"score_gpt":0.3567208953448394,"score_spread":0.31770370069245757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075109327","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000727821,0.9943974,0.00016695277,0.0010331902,0.00008371964,0.0034608191,0.0000070310757,0.0002056432,0.0005724595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00017093513,0.9948561,0.0028742752,0.00006407395,0.000016200893,0.001704557,0.0000793586,0.00003273941,0.00020175641],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975735,0.00007743187,0.00066871237,0.00076799473,0.00052440254,0.00038796436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989065,0.00008395371,0.00041315646,0.0004251841,0.0001206612,0.00005053943],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020761862,0.00031548616,0.00079561427,0.0008102372,0.00015247984,0.00006515229,0.0005746061,0.00038763028,0.00006297858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008726216,0.0002657836,0.000063699874,0.0039811926,0.000915365,0.00047638698,0.00025446646,0.00024539905,0.00008110156],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012530776,0.000033672604,0.000072124276,0.00799746,0.0000038739013,0.0000027166595,0.000011158798,7.197031e-7,0.000010022892,0.001460168,0.00024118849,0.99016565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021394446,0.00006629394,0.00003331112,0.008462821,0.00011835232,0.0000553035,0.0000074302257,0.00032820276,0.00021397139,0.00086275674,0.98927826,0.0003593393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007707507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033575358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9898063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006791859,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011302805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075485580","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20407","title":"Study of cyclic operation of RO desalination process","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Volumetric flow rate; Permeation; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Work (physics); Amplitude; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.008411007231651446,"score_gpt":0.22126472487478574,"score_spread":0.2128537176431343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075485580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995154,0.0000065843274,0.000104381594,0.00012440472,0.000059263195,0.000072526105,5.539671e-7,0.00000450246,0.000112358146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996762,2.0896226e-7,0.00029145868,0.00000485967,0.00001687953,0.0000014883992,2.5925632e-7,0.0000045525176,0.000004047539],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994961,0.000005618679,0.0002269515,0.00004110703,0.00015396897,0.00007622888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996755,0.000024751951,0.00011282738,0.0000971758,0.00002693325,0.00006277367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021802219,0.00004551975,0.0000900605,0.00005311687,0.000020099835,0.000008038345,0.00024505294,0.000041216663,0.000079042904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026186224,0.000033854274,0.000018474391,0.00013658845,0.00005916463,0.00010490318,0.000010085349,0.00018904351,0.0000015482092],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025190832,0.000016257878,0.0022566477,0.000006545886,0.000006844813,0.0000015467638,0.0008733003,0.055693105,0.94052154,0.00013137645,0.000016548209,0.00047376312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016527093,0.000049239028,0.0027478512,0.00000858157,0.000009760414,0.000018486395,0.000109114604,0.00397909,0.99272,0.0001271713,0.000022258875,0.000043149423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005792723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013787774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05219848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042579497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039225208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13805373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076118931","doi":"10.2166/ws.2007.139","title":"Modeling the impact of permeate flux and hydrodynamic conditions on fouling in submerged hollow fiber membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sparging; Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Diffusion; Air sparging; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.009720653218213051,"score_gpt":0.2593866132680341,"score_spread":0.24966596004982103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076118931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99683326,0.00001406514,0.00016203074,0.0013606875,0.00005859219,0.00035911798,0.0000046834034,0.00018160792,0.0010259609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992043,0.000010122296,0.0003568215,0.000036091664,0.0000051863094,0.000033455246,0.000009601536,0.00001409596,0.00033035505],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99769676,0.0000271776,0.00042147515,0.00060229975,0.00036914024,0.0008831599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919754,0.000021062611,0.00004710693,0.0006493002,0.000024506235,0.000060457205],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001228754,0.00023782473,0.00024866965,0.00088637025,0.00041391182,0.00004759897,0.0009696094,0.00019412355,0.00049005897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005232372,0.00012009661,0.000064180924,0.0010142097,0.0027333356,0.00048869464,0.00054642966,0.00035035203,0.00024139122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024686427,0.000045148394,0.020928295,0.000004756238,0.000005667125,0.000013572415,0.0011930752,0.08752594,0.8891994,0.00008627348,0.00000789993,0.00096529647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035680505,0.00015645425,0.0060636974,0.000016227532,0.0000072967728,0.000048259193,0.0003716833,0.057101525,0.9306679,0.0049589495,0.00003372692,0.00021749384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005010456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027854412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041468497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018414376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017316042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076237352","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.012","title":"Preparation and characterization of highly hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) – Clay nanocomposite nanofiber membranes (PVDF–clay NNMs) for desalination using direct contact membrane distillation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":321,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Nanofiber; Differential scanning calorimetry; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Electrospinning; Wetting; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015273621595583783,"score_gpt":0.2771848634821484,"score_spread":0.2619112418865646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076237352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99322546,0.00023528837,0.004441651,0.00017522964,0.000647349,0.00066148164,0.000017952523,0.000046952777,0.0005486475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930718,0.0001842702,0.0063388683,0.000050393166,0.00015268881,0.000011485679,0.00001382234,0.000026410547,0.0001502552],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967171,0.00014167553,0.001117081,0.00040362737,0.0011268964,0.00049361703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973445,0.00023354944,0.0016268786,0.00032298587,0.00025441693,0.00021768706],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026787939,0.000295319,0.0005360481,0.00047556788,0.00041640212,0.00015087816,0.00048265158,0.00016390081,0.000085913394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003635477,0.00025355245,0.00013163796,0.0010659177,0.0005657283,0.0052277106,0.00013329276,0.00014319544,0.000007642609],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023470489,0.00009354635,0.0035696002,0.000096653195,0.000017917631,0.000001010724,0.00067303627,0.0014500965,0.9921017,0.00016775425,0.00000581629,0.0015881642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007628511,0.0002891883,0.019833704,0.00010063251,0.00009436367,0.00012608929,0.000044906,0.012194392,0.9658185,0.000058704285,0.00040905256,0.0002675903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054080414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071974296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026283175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034097536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011133822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076384373","doi":"10.2166/wst.2006.877","title":"Optimal performance of an immersed membrane bioreactor equipped with a draft tube for domestic wastewater reclamation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Draft tube; Fouling; Aeration; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Bioreactor; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemistry; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.007788745295033574,"score_gpt":0.23060055769260607,"score_spread":0.2228118123975725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076384373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962718,0.0000039886677,0.0013563461,0.00077723677,0.00007117463,0.00058063125,0.00000485505,0.00034602158,0.0005879292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97530055,0.0000024335038,0.024236284,0.000018857516,0.000010672009,0.00012677145,0.000016405216,0.000016377704,0.0002716756],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979049,0.000014505419,0.00036841302,0.000623814,0.0004216599,0.0006667158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990562,0.000016495334,0.00013966179,0.00068364805,0.000054518554,0.000049479833],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050934084,0.00021024457,0.00025104146,0.0005898673,0.00026468612,0.000045377936,0.0009851382,0.000182932,0.00015709875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003647517,0.00013444181,0.000030621268,0.0012336514,0.0029018854,0.0010184565,0.000264909,0.00012798334,0.00008467846],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000763869,0.00007060614,0.0022049202,0.000016986047,0.0000021803257,0.000002458275,0.00014697642,0.0054887454,0.9904917,0.00021940553,0.00001092535,0.0012687057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000562743,0.000991848,0.0011208784,0.000013081364,0.000012534139,0.00005132994,0.00017082425,0.014396913,0.98164207,0.00040305985,0.00041405097,0.00022068032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081032646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037067177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02287994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013827955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035881476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076479977","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.043","title":"Integrated biofilter-immersed membrane system for the treatment of humic waters","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Humic acid; Turbidity; Permeation; Total organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.08878950800403003,"score_gpt":0.33403902573597066,"score_spread":0.24524951773194065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076479977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99367744,0.00004323895,0.00027841615,0.00057855365,0.00011379918,0.0012676523,0.000012590332,0.00007266404,0.0039556613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951441,0.000056527064,0.0003929925,0.0000067398028,0.00000769242,0.0003091711,0.000013175936,0.000014611819,0.004054935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984654,0.00019719136,0.00022201201,0.00027049647,0.000379894,0.00046497767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993088,0.00009174789,0.00002571881,0.00049796776,0.000032481912,0.000043265754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000888748,0.00011737061,0.00015715686,0.000094352974,0.0002299777,0.000035078527,0.0003535651,0.000072882394,0.0006595432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039666007,0.000053017702,0.000070199305,0.00025601737,0.00045961296,0.00006848196,0.000049057784,0.00008475458,0.0005538684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000720757,0.000103967956,0.0006284728,0.000037547114,0.000034537585,0.000003152749,0.0011710871,0.00024041344,0.99392855,0.0003604233,0.0005754926,0.0028442782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047904445,0.00035776396,0.00006165974,0.0000074292348,0.000007548957,0.0000033591223,0.0018766224,0.0004474304,0.93564844,0.00007374619,0.060970966,0.000065971624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005607556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037365615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.060395475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003101151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011657728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72215354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076729073","doi":"10.1002/app.23723","title":"Influence of hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene additives on the poly(ether sulfone) ultra‐filtration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polybutadiene; Polymer chemistry; Ether; Phase inversion; Solvent; Sulfone; Materials science; Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; Casting; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Dimethylacetamide; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Copolymer; Composite material; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006691855180756743,"score_gpt":0.2164066332133965,"score_spread":0.20971477803263977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076729073","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97380096,0.00013981412,0.000049371487,0.0007015466,0.00006785208,0.00015613221,0.00000655055,0.000028602608,0.025049152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99917144,0.00002034209,0.00024189541,0.00026513514,0.00004108192,0.000006700828,6.6120424e-7,0.000010077683,0.00024265517],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99762946,0.00003962096,0.00060981064,0.00027528687,0.0010971868,0.00034861153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845755,0.00022353485,0.00077990413,0.00041133107,0.000052006028,0.00007566199],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095283036,0.00018921544,0.0002389303,0.00022278313,0.00027476627,0.00006310835,0.0011664921,0.000077135745,0.00042217312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000073641,0.00012147176,0.00007202775,0.0012110808,0.0022343672,0.0006126405,0.000081959304,0.0002512652,0.00007219737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062021274,0.00008353031,0.00038430668,0.0000041311755,0.0000051837555,0.0000034981247,0.00033258362,0.0031131725,0.9868414,0.0067493967,0.00016353467,0.0022572326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020769499,0.00014509703,0.019515356,0.000023988418,0.000011552422,0.00003347558,0.00023266506,0.00014904239,0.97765553,0.0017024876,0.00018640641,0.00013668985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013696677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015193767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025370471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000916004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007924328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8232619},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076757021","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(00)00473-7","title":"Flux enhancement in reverse osmosis using centrifugal membrane separation","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Membrane; Centrifugal force; Reverse osmosis; Centrifuge; Mechanics; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Forward osmosis; Rotational speed; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Flow (mathematics); Chromatography; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.018184947791682032,"score_gpt":0.28913004003874565,"score_spread":0.27094509224706365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076757021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886455,0.00004737787,0.00032763582,0.0006604464,0.00027981086,0.00021100213,0.0000011890755,0.000023292789,0.009803745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98843783,0.00021791509,0.00960794,0.0002462003,0.000048396512,0.0000025888353,6.5781654e-7,0.000009566031,0.0014289325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967882,0.00008839505,0.00082963647,0.00037188022,0.0014184857,0.00050342205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989659,0.00005264937,0.00040650793,0.0003540608,0.000053372605,0.00016749071],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022226083,0.00018990207,0.00031338964,0.00033097382,0.00023132237,0.00009553228,0.00091792375,0.00008758491,0.011673452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023718453,0.00016470821,0.00008900862,0.0019026372,0.0007016794,0.0019305247,0.00010627317,0.0003129658,0.00038654104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082241044,0.00013012832,0.0012108731,0.000009435158,0.0000040964565,0.000036248468,0.0003860916,0.04045315,0.94905376,0.000033725864,0.00040396873,0.008196296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090024545,0.00018026785,0.00286891,0.000078613346,0.00001834374,0.00018562963,0.00020200794,0.009359715,0.9784185,0.00016423686,0.0073735705,0.00024996029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012136935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003683339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031093437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063147285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015945463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98923004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078685984","doi":"10.1002/bit.10171","title":"Continuous protein recovery from whey using liquid‐solid circulating fluidized bed ion‐exchange extraction","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidized bed; Whey protein; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Effluent; Chemistry; Ion-exchange resin; Ion exchange; Whey protein isolate; Protein purification; Fluidized bed combustion; Ion; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.020426799368318333,"score_gpt":0.22735169135587396,"score_spread":0.20692489198755562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078685984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915657,0.00077778747,0.0056382557,0.0005877104,0.00016138045,0.0003203123,0.0000071187696,0.0008265532,0.00011518504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895711,0.00019837442,0.010052426,0.000029207396,0.0000435705,0.000026552323,0.000005103081,0.000020057396,0.000053613665],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998887,0.000020260362,0.00025918617,0.00040356218,0.000120826895,0.00030914412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995373,0.00002341365,0.000105347506,0.0002865353,0.0000057756442,0.000041622796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012104344,0.00019695381,0.00022208513,0.0001432518,0.00015619464,0.000030873984,0.00016915677,0.0005548795,0.0005728244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110256704,0.0001998535,0.00003939998,0.0002941454,0.00016897634,0.00025803794,0.00018160205,0.00029008405,0.00008270678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013189049,0.000019006082,0.00013885646,0.000010029279,0.00001879276,0.000014752944,0.00004742023,0.00028076707,0.991709,0.00004076508,0.0000333229,0.007674132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027741486,0.00012127968,0.000120040655,0.00004391717,0.000016852433,0.00004575844,0.00007987755,0.025686814,0.97219217,0.00009989287,0.0010577712,0.00025822537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015139072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019773797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025406046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010322538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020044326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81497896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079108395","doi":"10.1021/la027083c","title":"Effect of Membrane Surface Roughness on Colloid−Membrane DLVO Interactions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":486,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"DLVO theory; Membrane; Colloid; Surface roughness; Surface finish; Chemical physics; Particle (ecology); Deposition (geology); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Surface energy; Particle deposition; Interaction energy; Chemistry; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Molecule; Geology","score_opus":0.010136562199446022,"score_gpt":0.2666129071264863,"score_spread":0.25647634492704025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079108395","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91806793,0.000016588634,0.000042527303,0.00017571634,0.00018911781,0.00026806432,0.000009038261,0.00015827165,0.08107276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946828,0.000008291068,0.00030599255,0.000065465545,0.000009613458,0.000019008512,0.000007633819,0.00001676024,0.0048844535],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988561,0.00017588476,0.00021153138,0.00026894425,0.00027139028,0.00021614341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992059,0.0002723871,0.00010584139,0.0003669658,0.0000071334393,0.000041783827],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003268987,0.00016338646,0.00023992108,0.000042665208,0.000096443546,0.000014988941,0.00023504144,0.00008267456,0.0030829473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018490956,0.0001330202,0.00006962418,0.00038978097,0.00014412121,0.00015224454,0.00005493619,0.00015787232,0.0011930448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016441078,0.0002061324,0.011370897,0.00011764052,0.00004878003,0.000010585826,0.00035891694,0.0077613713,0.968568,0.0024586518,0.0071768267,0.0017577325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045559288,0.00023347305,0.0021160573,0.000015446549,0.000015758289,0.000009113954,0.000052894084,0.00015279514,0.97149163,0.000044782828,0.025267048,0.00014541966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093942115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053819662,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07661487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008120607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054820334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079200138","doi":"10.1021/es902862j","title":"Produced Water Treatment by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Cetylpyridinium chloride; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Permeation; Micelle; Critical micelle concentration; Chromatography; Dissolution; Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.004142724837002136,"score_gpt":0.20836996240880745,"score_spread":0.2042272375718053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079200138","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912587,0.000014216459,0.00020744494,0.0020876145,0.00026091622,0.0005514298,0.000008729287,0.00049329293,0.005117704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963587,0.00004087725,0.0013969074,0.00012121481,0.000019764282,0.00014240219,0.000023953,0.000018856206,0.0018773162],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974213,0.000016557176,0.00029680567,0.0010011279,0.0005107407,0.00075346936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988873,0.00001273789,0.00009316121,0.0008835134,0.000003196232,0.00012011844],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029609443,0.0002867491,0.0001930987,0.00023585124,0.0005533635,0.00005667101,0.0009680935,0.00026341804,0.00452429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047218462,0.00021106312,0.0000460788,0.00069504033,0.0040812623,0.00073835516,0.00034131168,0.00031757544,0.0036027895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059277622,0.00017961217,0.0031453767,5.6911006e-7,0.0000028157137,0.000001941127,0.00014489634,0.00004897083,0.9798259,0.000103936065,0.00020669718,0.016333345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028890264,0.00025883017,0.0009238278,0.0000010037361,0.000007208202,0.000025159796,0.00019782013,0.00009231511,0.97039324,0.0005964136,0.026938891,0.00027639093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038145492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042307558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026732195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048588848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015474881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99862903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079224521","doi":"10.1002/app.31739","title":"Key factors affecting the manufacture of hydrophobic ultrafiltration membranes for surface water treatment","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Wetting; Permeation; Casting; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Differential scanning calorimetry; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009900234767991109,"score_gpt":0.2381840170482909,"score_spread":0.22828378228029977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079224521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997841,0.00003068023,0.00006800022,0.0003779745,0.00031244667,0.00026107585,0.0000023309412,0.000016774926,0.0010897411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905026,0.000013011215,0.00074138795,0.000042498395,0.000033553617,0.0000030621702,6.784658e-7,0.000007356443,0.00010819113],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987006,0.0000119134975,0.0003394902,0.0001915571,0.0004893584,0.00026707203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991457,0.00015489441,0.00033063168,0.0002784541,0.000023407585,0.00006690121],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066735165,0.00014352289,0.00019047693,0.00006680032,0.00030922424,0.00005791659,0.00064397167,0.00006839155,0.00023197703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015350977,0.00006767758,0.00008873525,0.0002421807,0.00075727754,0.0004124481,0.00005232743,0.0001738566,0.000012080559],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028090926,0.000034655615,0.0003174447,0.0000052404384,0.000006585305,3.0468794e-7,0.0024545526,0.00096287375,0.99495083,0.00009551772,0.000020160931,0.0011237375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023464527,0.00015227382,0.00092540216,0.0000025289423,0.00001914444,0.000015386853,0.0007497556,0.00014003181,0.9968633,0.0001811933,0.00063035317,0.00008598673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044782686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030988722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019124622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000616847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004054015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27902207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079707457","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.019","title":"Membrane fouling mechanisms of a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal process","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Aeration; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Adsorption; Clogging; Chromatography; Organic matter; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.019229719425807805,"score_gpt":0.28443476144323654,"score_spread":0.2652050420174287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079707457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666634,0.000107069885,0.02209851,0.00036165008,0.0006568219,0.0003486604,0.0000033478577,0.00009325874,0.009667285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9728453,0.00022770104,0.026460826,0.00019457535,0.000069660746,0.0000035950345,7.7072497e-7,0.000021491414,0.00017603836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99420834,0.00008000017,0.0016200114,0.00066847214,0.0024797474,0.00094340654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99686146,0.00032288762,0.0015407907,0.0005982889,0.00029187035,0.00038467572],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007521016,0.0003754962,0.0007710332,0.00051781547,0.00034682255,0.0000725425,0.0023882212,0.0002566284,0.0010018109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019929046,0.00028426098,0.00024288811,0.0028795404,0.0021700193,0.0012534964,0.0003660504,0.00062349695,0.000084767424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029408713,0.00016989784,0.00016815006,0.00003695582,0.000015226304,0.00010325794,0.000478167,0.0029398147,0.9875317,0.0009817176,0.00001561261,0.0072654146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008927798,0.00058366,0.001139868,0.000096619435,0.00002759744,0.000674373,0.0010618018,0.0005650244,0.9918704,0.0024664437,0.000292396,0.00032901333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033227894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015452291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009491246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002740533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023067606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079717809","doi":"10.1039/c1cc16217a","title":"Towards antibiofouling ultrafiltration membranes by blending silver containing surface modifying macromolecules","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Macromolecule; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.05796091282066221,"score_gpt":0.2791103545506489,"score_spread":0.2211494417299867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079717809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94567674,0.00037281614,0.0026258528,0.00048597407,0.00003311024,0.00021701542,0.000013771869,0.00042088333,0.05015385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96620786,0.00029200647,0.033181757,0.00011705682,0.0000055929863,0.000016215363,0.000086840795,0.000020126921,0.000072524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880147,0.000072895426,0.00033411983,0.0003005581,0.00020976501,0.00028119923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985437,0.0001294778,0.00013484352,0.0010938327,0.000019097646,0.000079076846],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002451926,0.000171809,0.000175711,0.000026545462,0.00032519476,0.000047483078,0.0011990374,0.0001432906,0.0004277726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018292313,0.00017692441,0.000061400824,0.00029624265,0.0004938652,0.00036288434,0.000523573,0.00031194137,0.00018750738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008263106,0.000071132716,0.0021754843,0.000008652958,0.00001084476,6.2131977e-7,0.00074994087,0.000058473313,0.9942181,0.0009402301,0.00025935686,0.0014988685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001731403,0.00001763465,0.00019833274,0.000018967858,0.0000168622,0.0000072660687,0.0006947629,0.0038215816,0.9925195,0.0009591678,0.001343241,0.00022955566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002996358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016293947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050081328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001127622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012303664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7214768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080180820","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.020","title":"Power induced by bubbles of different sizes and frequencies on to hollow fibers in submerged membrane systems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sparging; Bubble; Fouling; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.041439062763173294,"score_gpt":0.2943867143083978,"score_spread":0.25294765154522453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080180820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945846,0.000024536363,9.994807e-7,0.001282422,0.000045147845,0.0007099895,0.0000040995737,0.00003102641,0.003317136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99791616,0.000022230288,0.000026155281,0.00002329485,0.0000037603097,0.000180009,0.0000033499637,0.000010675361,0.0018143596],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982284,0.00017268492,0.0002228823,0.00030724457,0.0006342236,0.0004346203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995051,0.000047133653,0.000019652012,0.00031676923,0.000019752837,0.00009160157],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053533853,0.00011388745,0.00018863154,0.00018676532,0.00006484252,0.00006325917,0.00031306423,0.00009135893,0.001141665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011744961,0.00007133797,0.000016332266,0.00024011414,0.00022140068,0.00014876544,0.00028631027,0.00020939474,0.0005006176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017790462,0.000046269757,0.0057982323,0.000020818015,0.0000037641055,0.0000013651096,0.0008875157,0.00005468492,0.9902263,0.000044153825,0.0026615162,0.0002375407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021636159,0.00026440024,0.018456226,0.00002891003,5.6992906e-7,5.5520104e-7,0.0008496969,0.00006429354,0.97924954,0.0002756815,0.00048890465,0.000104835126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041833357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018282284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0126579935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011093209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039205906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080760754","doi":"10.1021/cr800208y","title":"Surface Modifications for Antifouling Membranes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phone; Citation; Social media; Library science; World Wide Web; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.1323987953839698,"score_gpt":0.38056629854073704,"score_spread":0.24816750315676725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080760754","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000101444,0.99326956,0.00047317,0.00006763895,0.0001568918,0.0025641217,0.000034966593,0.00016507112,0.003258417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000013862326,0.9833738,0.0143575575,0.000039300026,0.000076311284,0.0006328475,0.00016327098,0.000048694044,0.0013067942],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99776953,0.000049148646,0.00096863176,0.0006940375,0.00018316954,0.00033545014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979768,0.0003508582,0.00053821306,0.0010171904,0.000010953379,0.000106025116],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057271664,0.00043015284,0.0016645443,0.000029876792,0.000101918326,0.000045389424,0.0009909847,0.00060503377,0.00083886756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013937202,0.00031391566,0.0006741319,0.00039262458,0.00025171658,0.000102070764,0.00021924448,0.0005628309,0.0033086434],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.894939e-7,0.000024241688,2.9009735e-7,0.0068734596,0.0000068305144,1.5725014e-7,0.0000063877624,0.0000014045,0.0032337485,0.000090304595,0.007920408,0.9818424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041477553,0.000004302579,2.981593e-8,0.001410013,0.00021359336,0.00000753939,0.0000010250643,0.000029065122,0.0023763468,0.0001669038,0.995412,0.00033770024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030634324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021400945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9874916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010586355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028967646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081223162","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2004.11.029","title":"Foulant analysis of modified and unmodified membranes for water and wastewater treatment with LC-OCD","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Adsorption; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Biofouling; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02021030922310615,"score_gpt":0.25030228359627893,"score_spread":0.23009197437317278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081223162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99723,0.000029259141,0.0015823923,0.0005686441,0.0000060578313,0.00028131265,0.000009576607,0.000034766632,0.00025801125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966048,0.00005323149,0.0028242697,0.000018819548,0.000005318117,0.00005361674,0.000067861976,0.0000059405656,0.00036612814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942106,0.000016265405,0.00014490192,0.00019867401,0.00010937553,0.00010971102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975604,0.000030888736,0.000049850172,0.00012837275,0.00001059089,0.000024260096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011249418,0.00009154307,0.00016040674,0.00011430676,0.000054315096,0.000017232684,0.000042246465,0.00005089357,0.00005091836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000060756242,0.00005403873,0.000024964751,0.0001205011,0.00009890927,0.0001494318,0.000023332863,0.000015597956,0.0000029851176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00054566143,0.0003470239,0.01776549,0.00012328727,0.00083892024,0.0000023973198,0.0070103994,0.1207653,0.7766273,0.0024694928,0.000052747866,0.073452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009186682,0.0002777953,0.006922341,0.0000032801536,0.00035680708,0.0000022103156,0.00012935504,0.16017666,0.8296179,0.000296296,0.0011726471,0.00012602152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000073021045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002525155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.073325984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000465806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016904671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22036354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081378917","doi":"10.1002/1097-4628(20000822)77:8<1782::aid-app15>3.0.co;2-5","title":"Solvent and pH resistance of surface crosslinked chitosan/poly(acrylonitrile) composite nanofiltration membranes","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Glutaraldehyde; Solvent; Swelling; Acrylonitrile; Chemistry; Solubility; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Hildebrand solubility parameter; Aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Copolymer","score_opus":0.007588738033835324,"score_gpt":0.23092089687967052,"score_spread":0.22333215884583518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081378917","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98536104,0.0011031813,0.00008929198,0.00035404635,0.00009207305,0.00012919777,0.0000030579463,0.000024426476,0.012843688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956257,0.0002540019,0.0036674025,0.00009664496,0.000023742272,0.0000016068691,4.1447782e-7,0.000007822206,0.00032271649],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99793094,0.000021920587,0.00060147105,0.00028202604,0.0008733303,0.00029028967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990016,0.00006593527,0.0004889787,0.0002925391,0.000022921828,0.00012797676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059595006,0.00015726978,0.00028106052,0.000098656215,0.00028855214,0.0000683332,0.0006674873,0.00006958699,0.00050360867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011186562,0.00013117757,0.000054124124,0.0007922578,0.0017532766,0.0005734723,0.00009059493,0.00016886476,0.00002006535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015595814,0.000052524738,0.0009217869,0.000012548681,0.000005624664,0.0000021635424,0.0004976854,0.0005396285,0.9932983,0.00029804496,0.00004881145,0.004166922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041500773,0.00006588133,0.007515497,0.000023442926,0.0000132990435,0.000027951146,0.00012376082,0.00021793677,0.9907608,0.00030830622,0.0003901108,0.00013802577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027484537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013265261,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012520972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004628477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000070682436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64600205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083859288","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850502","title":"Initial Deposition of Colloidal Particles on a Rough Nanofiltration Membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Particle deposition; Surface roughness; Chemical engineering; Colloid; Membrane fouling; Deposition (geology); Cross-flow filtration; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Drag; Surface finish; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polystyrene; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Polymer; Mechanics; Geology","score_opus":0.010445999382612857,"score_gpt":0.21321136164834498,"score_spread":0.2027653622657321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083859288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979049,0.000016165832,0.0010491996,0.00033056168,0.00007514332,0.000049135633,0.0000013245726,0.000009447011,0.0005641386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987565,5.7661407e-7,0.0011321076,0.00005218581,0.000046003148,7.151392e-7,6.4271836e-7,0.000005900571,0.000005340487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934614,0.0000075713883,0.00025378654,0.000049811042,0.00018456233,0.00015813475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.000075800424,0.000098348515,0.0000850959,0.000014880658,0.00011886379],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031484812,0.00006165498,0.00009091845,0.00005451219,0.000035951733,0.0000141006585,0.00016841099,0.000056611574,0.000086699845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018511344,0.00004797488,0.000038684848,0.00017034296,0.00009063271,0.000101843434,0.000008076188,0.00014493153,0.0000074780232],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020303627,0.0000059693666,0.00012327947,0.0000041198296,0.0000066165726,0.000012149333,0.00015458433,0.025687195,0.97232306,0.0004338663,0.00006524083,0.0011636415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014037517,0.00005004264,0.00048410057,0.000020850577,0.00000772457,0.000055381326,0.000015391373,0.0016914055,0.9972551,0.00012527742,0.000103736915,0.000050644667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005300433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000592134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024932036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016947082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038758422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19563589},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084196595","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2004.06.023","title":"A novel approach for high-resolution protein–protein separation by ultrafiltration using a dual-facilitating agent","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Myoglobin; Lysozyme; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane; Resolution (logic); Biochemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.029652979408349017,"score_gpt":0.28109167885591074,"score_spread":0.2514386994475617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084196595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6052277,0.0000186869,0.39358154,0.00024579564,0.00007182354,0.00064454816,0.00000845701,0.00003000579,0.0001714736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7238895,0.0000023326409,0.27591145,0.000036783127,0.000041108586,0.00002946056,0.0000042514775,0.0000087001545,0.000076363445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972421,0.000041814244,0.00071674865,0.00040299125,0.0011863669,0.00041001078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986903,0.000038672446,0.0007570818,0.0002473842,0.00013694486,0.00012963665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002337799,0.00019169785,0.00024318566,0.00019375049,0.000529907,0.00014842984,0.0004815884,0.00010178094,0.00003975369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008818134,0.00016626318,0.00008692694,0.00095140847,0.0006274724,0.0019226132,0.0000691685,0.00021987881,0.000011013109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044365886,0.00012745494,0.00000638221,0.000021727063,0.000004143243,8.611143e-7,0.00030290912,0.18048602,0.81783617,0.0005862031,0.0000291702,0.0005545868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012370435,0.0004042689,0.00013021826,0.000057445995,0.000016315707,0.000106052576,0.00044312727,0.0340043,0.96242225,0.0008853371,0.00008124896,0.00021238209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015276916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011141284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14648172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000737757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020384086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6780016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084455060","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.648","title":"Market and design considerations of the 37 larger MBR plants in Europe","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Maturity (psychological); Environmental engineering; Energy demand; Environmental science; Engineering; Environmental economics; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02401477506682311,"score_gpt":0.23766420218353956,"score_spread":0.21364942711671644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084455060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939158,0.000037945323,0.00009656296,0.0031956073,0.00001599801,0.00026192487,0.000003894926,0.000018309898,0.0024539349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983051,0.00011357864,0.0006322606,0.00017135085,0.0000016250352,0.000008725329,0.0000029018042,0.0000019085492,0.0007625955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995958,0.000063275445,0.00010256727,0.00010439036,0.00006544348,0.00006848756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984676,0.000027797114,0.000022452587,0.00008505395,0.0000046958894,0.0000132471205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010086499,0.000056696845,0.00006023322,0.000020934565,0.0000565137,0.000015108494,0.000024381141,0.000025004636,0.00015855102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018127223,0.000029859719,0.0000067055107,0.000048996026,0.000058080073,0.00008673794,0.000018894847,0.00001865438,0.000009083549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028453843,0.0022365223,0.3269065,0.00002816803,0.00010063819,0.00008053527,0.016986474,0.0045380313,0.49741104,0.019778272,0.015457136,0.11619215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089006213,0.00018157752,0.47760397,0.000008651373,0.000010415676,0.000015555004,0.000055978366,0.0017328436,0.5119153,0.0050177313,0.002473774,0.00009411832],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021491947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027505592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15069748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026273294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029762489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17360224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085065254","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2003.07.003","title":"Manufacturing conditions of surface-modified membranes: effects on ultrafiltration performance","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Membrane technology; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Materials science; Polypropylene; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011799485594348482,"score_gpt":0.25706787107788204,"score_spread":0.24526838548353355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085065254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983242,0.000047734466,0.0012653585,0.0005717703,0.000100285826,0.00047247557,0.0000038817025,0.00027611665,0.014020406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99817145,0.00019088325,0.0010021897,0.000076325625,0.000005402909,0.00006450723,0.000026328136,0.000010445502,0.0004524902],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889106,0.000071681454,0.0003311064,0.00034139102,0.00018935218,0.00017543846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925053,0.00009349604,0.00020923465,0.00038875698,0.000020804628,0.000037187147],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020374062,0.00015717089,0.00017590322,0.00017894631,0.00019619109,0.00001815377,0.00014839772,0.00023568765,0.00026739572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011855512,0.00015365076,0.000026661317,0.0003770197,0.00028101107,0.00024560507,0.000016612801,0.00015709603,0.00019024636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004435514,0.00016458525,0.0085895,0.00013169422,0.00002442752,0.0000010817879,0.0003064734,0.012689472,0.8594791,0.103916146,0.0007103511,0.013942755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003459432,0.00017161031,0.009524974,0.000013367602,0.000010539796,0.000009176067,0.00010495762,0.001027723,0.9815828,0.0035802275,0.0034761082,0.00015255561],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007018892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008212125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12210366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048595055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012862747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6265696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085126056","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22102","title":"A multiscale approach to study dead end microfiltration of mono and bidispersed particle suspensions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Particle deposition; Microfiltration; Microscale chemistry; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Deposition (geology); Particle size; Micronization; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Process engineering; Composite material; Membrane; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.011913659433802758,"score_gpt":0.1987765077752636,"score_spread":0.18686284834146083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085126056","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982452,0.000015559597,0.0012121131,0.00026464896,0.000019451696,0.00009726706,5.8870916e-7,0.000005776709,0.0001394175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973122,2.7153723e-7,0.0026394778,0.000023327173,0.000011490666,0.0000020918344,1.8810162e-7,0.0000050447843,0.0000059482554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995452,0.0000136989875,0.00016361513,0.00006388746,0.00009684726,0.00011675114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996379,0.000041791307,0.0000432436,0.00010666229,0.000009562157,0.00016081636],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023405158,0.000053854215,0.000096396994,0.000030939627,0.00003436942,0.000014383113,0.00014730507,0.000026277312,0.00003147629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020482604,0.00004017307,0.00001817964,0.00012362364,0.00006184503,0.000053333566,0.00002106319,0.000097332864,0.0000036281397],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003749003,0.000017160875,0.0037004682,0.0000021974854,0.000007745167,9.976017e-7,0.0009066842,0.017277362,0.9771795,0.00012940035,0.000059828133,0.00071487797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028182296,0.00006939374,0.01156238,0.000007837841,0.000016480917,0.00003011654,0.00018133158,0.030287834,0.957326,0.000053141874,0.000103997234,0.00007968977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008768042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037400087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019853557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047953698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000121803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16382101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085188109","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.042","title":"Thin film composite membrane — Recent development and future potential","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Desalination; Membrane; Biofouling; Phase inversion; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Interfacial polymerization; Thin film; Substrate (aquarium); Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Composite material; Monomer; Chemistry; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Polymer","score_opus":0.008239739405948672,"score_gpt":0.21865666463113817,"score_spread":0.2104169252251895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085188109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797558,0.000035204237,0.0065721427,0.0028910567,0.000223095,0.00018755,0.0000011152063,0.00020405964,0.010129935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98185664,0.00008551937,0.01728513,0.00025772062,0.000059788486,0.000013466725,0.000041687697,0.000008186913,0.00039185453],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999255,0.000045901063,0.00015160172,0.00020079802,0.0002302813,0.00011641746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997435,0.000014485343,0.0000654709,0.00012793533,0.000011309494,0.000037288304],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027181045,0.00008736572,0.000076373464,0.00003706223,0.0001376985,0.000034939032,0.00010468195,0.00008272629,0.00047210077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025803232,0.00007944112,0.000010651807,0.00012637797,0.00005797922,0.00016154234,0.00008045612,0.000074996664,0.00022136811],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047305784,0.00012989248,0.003395437,0.000037655092,0.000019514913,0.000004507834,0.0017571853,0.007987936,0.17301282,0.008849459,0.0037504113,0.80100787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005996535,0.000054024338,0.1021054,0.000008123902,0.000011682963,0.000015055961,0.00014435587,0.0419527,0.40301347,0.001331177,0.4504608,0.00030356826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008607591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022892342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8007043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006403791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041948297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5169172},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085509889","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.073","title":"Fate of copper in submerged membrane bioreactors treating synthetic municipal wastewater","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copper; Hydraulic retention time; Wastewater; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01493828064014698,"score_gpt":0.2542066979034265,"score_spread":0.2392684172632795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085509889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99806035,0.000031235053,0.000008861791,0.000108758235,0.0003384419,0.00013209133,0.000006060925,0.000019038043,0.0012951584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988681,0.000049994647,0.0008954284,0.000018364248,0.000035524725,0.0000016763871,0.0000012386123,0.000017411923,0.00011224696],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979151,0.000110710076,0.0011335023,0.00014215914,0.00038190032,0.00031665197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887604,0.00007753293,0.0007242743,0.00023781191,0.000020807009,0.000063531494],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019315835,0.00015848097,0.00048507086,0.00022622899,0.00003428557,0.000025091653,0.00034470612,0.00011780959,0.0017115981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023157925,0.000116435025,0.000078202924,0.00020555653,0.00017898028,0.00023904312,0.000105733496,0.00011816449,0.00005691942],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018071226,0.00007496232,0.004700641,0.000021436246,0.000014727957,0.000059519665,0.00063690316,0.00038645542,0.99322504,0.000013328136,0.00007173792,0.0006145254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005257854,0.00015524162,0.010951338,0.00007230935,0.000018963732,0.00009018483,0.0004921551,0.000008750035,0.98721814,0.000089430054,0.0002602026,0.0001175031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027759245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012560605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0062506967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012382882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000117266945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999201},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085884464","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.032","title":"Shear profiles inside gas sparged submerged hollow fiber membrane modules","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Sparging; Membrane; Fouling; Air sparging; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Nozzle; Diffuser (optics); Fiber; Membrane fouling; Bubble; Shear (geology); Composite material; Mechanics; Chemistry; Optics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.016596989411236978,"score_gpt":0.25888611531429145,"score_spread":0.2422891259030545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085884464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97844064,0.000104960185,0.00051678205,0.0011753472,0.00059963006,0.00028107045,0.0000027796762,0.00010026864,0.018778535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9797881,0.00013195987,0.018355006,0.00022644005,0.0001267069,0.0000034325888,8.202922e-7,0.000023785251,0.0013436952],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951041,0.000081174265,0.0010707447,0.0005272959,0.0023132423,0.0009034865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978758,0.00014955922,0.00077450555,0.00062557915,0.00015329955,0.00042122713],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005857123,0.0003085479,0.0004776656,0.0005487211,0.00046633597,0.0001370631,0.0016990874,0.0001514018,0.0031647615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013957426,0.00024321127,0.00018365026,0.0021539358,0.0018995723,0.0018643533,0.00034211212,0.0005806688,0.0006733975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014273301,0.0001286046,0.0021133665,0.00001973882,0.000012924694,0.00011016989,0.00030203795,0.0041229795,0.98072195,0.00019702171,0.0012385505,0.010889897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076911534,0.00021159704,0.022780335,0.00004813979,0.000023369908,0.00037322467,0.00032487314,0.00048109022,0.9665363,0.00048117543,0.007641661,0.00032913627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060151346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005498215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020666968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032598147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014654033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99774647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086593123","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2008.0376","title":"Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Efficient Collection of Environmental Nanoparticles from Aqueous Suspensions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010637185727582713,"score_gpt":0.25130694146152294,"score_spread":0.24066975573394023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086593123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962767,0.000038190028,0.0023368977,0.0007217316,0.00008830629,0.00020864954,0.000012676343,0.00008449687,0.00023239323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9704021,0.00009695901,0.029274581,0.00017885932,0.000014927892,0.0000034765033,0.0000029861196,0.000004784317,0.000021312566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99829584,0.000034920853,0.00042509957,0.00026309522,0.0006828442,0.00029819988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910676,0.000098666256,0.00047191372,0.00018711717,0.000034143377,0.0001013934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049426383,0.0001175204,0.00019388755,0.000047960526,0.00057548174,0.000035603374,0.00037163118,0.00005926062,0.00028931024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013380336,0.00010370223,0.00015285322,0.00077053386,0.0015847186,0.00029994792,0.000047566355,0.00012102357,0.000016975031],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018841829,0.00016288033,0.001017912,0.0000012878342,0.0000065500794,2.1309025e-7,0.001163087,0.023348786,0.9610417,0.000004947772,0.0017857943,0.0114480015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003733337,0.00045357327,0.05164583,0.000014234867,0.000020605483,0.000016498949,0.0027550245,0.19090027,0.75304097,0.00044125988,0.00020815845,0.00013023737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010737007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075162384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20800072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026293588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088544504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58389616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088360517","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2008.08.002","title":"Membrane mass transport modeling with the periodic boundary condition","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Laminar flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Boundary value problem; Permeation; Chemistry; Periodic boundary conditions; Fluent; Flow (mathematics); Immersed boundary method; Volumetric flow rate; Boundary (topology); Materials science; Membrane; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008020422903601023,"score_gpt":0.17989481367150725,"score_spread":0.17187439076790623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088360517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67456895,0.000026879094,0.32450894,0.00024192162,0.00004185717,0.00008744677,9.909994e-7,0.0002652727,0.0002577373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873878,0.000011875675,0.012396715,0.000103425395,0.000029932695,0.000017281982,0.000013001087,0.000016498025,0.000023494857],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919146,0.000004319748,0.00013318635,0.0002260008,0.00023061856,0.00021438388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967635,0.000027265813,0.000023803403,0.00021436145,0.0000049975865,0.00005324178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052810305,0.00014267064,0.00012637922,0.00002260184,0.00011609777,0.000015536243,0.00026996058,0.00006137833,0.00010141159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000050296753,0.000105522704,0.00004090574,0.00017257866,0.00018322254,0.00015265631,0.000040361658,0.00020549742,0.000040052295],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006637152,0.000007812447,0.0000794906,0.000009872747,0.000008375438,0.000018604609,0.0002213688,0.7498301,0.24937345,0.000038634767,0.0001580175,0.00024759502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026163366,0.000020331392,0.0001752805,0.000018519462,0.000009339883,0.000091635986,0.000022693319,0.8802841,0.11733707,0.000015706588,0.0015482713,0.00021545177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008875882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.8288507e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31281883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078793135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000826966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4303091},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088540416","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450810358","title":"Gas/Liquid Two‐phase Flow in a Flat Sheet Filtration Module: Measurement of Local Wall Shear Stresses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Air sparging; Mechanics; Cross-flow filtration; Shear (geology); Two-phase flow; Sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Composite material; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.013457632574242267,"score_gpt":0.2080607450119489,"score_spread":0.19460311243770664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088540416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99519074,0.00014320835,0.0038822852,0.00032802182,0.000069704554,0.00008834984,0.000002846214,0.000007677363,0.00028719302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988233,0.0000032220566,0.0011210875,0.000026437938,0.000011039657,0.0000020219777,7.588119e-7,0.000008644427,0.0000034920376],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990695,0.000021047217,0.00031691464,0.000082617335,0.00030379376,0.00020612372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995821,0.00003138394,0.000079228004,0.00014679779,0.00002469469,0.00013576176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043517785,0.00009435722,0.00015339036,0.00007979027,0.00001851218,0.000013776539,0.00022853946,0.00005587277,0.0003255955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027673948,0.00007640966,0.000042623426,0.00020614063,0.00008560931,0.00011935128,0.000009879595,0.000229767,0.0000073025276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014177067,0.000010017404,0.00007732031,0.000011213022,0.000007823122,0.000009817439,0.00010208265,0.5795554,0.4192908,0.00012196082,0.00016099814,0.0006384139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051169656,0.000074145806,0.00004862132,0.000060212165,0.000007883548,0.000033693952,0.000027954313,0.06451873,0.9341579,0.00008771186,0.00038182526,0.00008962431],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00090471836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014752955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51503664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047597435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011901706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35650423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089310838","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0080","title":"Pretreatment impacts on biopolymers in adjacent ultrafiltration plants","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Water Works Association","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biopolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Biofilter; Water treatment; Ozone; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.004835674566920015,"score_gpt":0.21564710139485652,"score_spread":0.2108114268279365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089310838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99262774,0.000003990064,0.00015813843,0.0015626411,0.00008989591,0.00022194821,0.0000026320017,0.00011588768,0.005217097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989285,0.000054689823,0.00016611195,0.00040827392,0.000021711978,0.00003366044,0.000049860875,0.000011319061,0.0003258752],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867195,0.00012578449,0.00021748629,0.00027776466,0.0003516632,0.00035533437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994768,0.00008838783,0.0001824606,0.0001974592,0.0000044002613,0.000050492632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003239197,0.00013992608,0.0001642296,0.0000840191,0.000066471046,0.000046468893,0.000119773074,0.000078554534,0.0002498299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009864929,0.00010576651,0.000033850574,0.00023335825,0.00006261719,0.00020181824,0.000030008605,0.00012630681,0.0007293804],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101341386,0.00032107154,0.76526636,0.0000033909157,0.000038232105,0.000002831171,0.002200379,0.012807153,0.071653314,0.00005867574,0.0028279491,0.14471929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009133021,0.00072386797,0.51230896,0.000046715522,0.000014103115,0.0000011398037,0.0005819235,0.0029073965,0.47997946,0.00030398337,0.0018077943,0.00041134874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008635348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042157737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40832615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011235646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036084155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9374953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089324605","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.584","title":"Comparing the desalination performance of SMM blended polyethersulfone to SMM blended polyetherimide membranes by direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Tasmania","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Phase inversion; Materials science; Desalination; Permeation; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Wetting; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01787927326401344,"score_gpt":0.2442058327245232,"score_spread":0.22632655946050975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089324605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99154496,0.00010196131,0.00024127426,0.004402361,0.00006019738,0.00064536737,0.000011714439,0.000138399,0.0028537838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822456,0.0001971782,0.00041522243,0.00018953714,0.000014641933,0.000049502236,0.00009213718,0.000014470734,0.0008027437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856293,0.00010632806,0.00037956427,0.0003521108,0.00033090546,0.0002681367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940324,0.00006374666,0.0001375418,0.00029468312,0.000027933651,0.00007285063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030090587,0.00024733404,0.0002815729,0.000090475674,0.00023650064,0.000054335876,0.00016564222,0.00008778737,0.00012768769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023889172,0.00015060035,0.000053351094,0.00020429083,0.00009911966,0.0003420426,0.00004328344,0.00006236132,0.00005868227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040832086,0.00040813288,0.011285727,0.00003268179,0.000080330006,0.000001920642,0.003708905,0.005617543,0.9353871,0.0010083962,0.00020803204,0.041852914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010345525,0.0005808825,0.038865533,0.000018767192,0.000049842147,0.000004785784,0.00014453229,0.006773964,0.9501439,0.00016028772,0.002017858,0.00020511956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002904502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000716894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04164779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002455409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009449377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6141304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090505123","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.015","title":"Study on the structure and vacuum membrane distillation performance of PVDF composite membranes: I. Influence of blending","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Permeation; Phase inversion; Scanning electron microscope; Materials science; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.010807499115998162,"score_gpt":0.25183492677357816,"score_spread":0.24102742765758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090505123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977396,0.00002304319,0.000224936,0.00093153544,0.000021316457,0.00049308786,0.000005115746,0.000083176754,0.00047819506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995844,0.0000712347,0.0002338717,0.000033341617,0.0000051567654,0.00001918407,0.0000068312374,0.0000065570234,0.000039423725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989763,0.000081211925,0.00035597064,0.00027472636,0.00020403444,0.00010774088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991128,0.00011368923,0.00031823537,0.00040197163,0.000033523622,0.000019818179],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029546447,0.00012862543,0.0001872294,0.00016048455,0.00016216938,0.00001442835,0.00020685662,0.00013229855,0.00004322067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010745225,0.00009564972,0.00001297463,0.00046534886,0.0004660849,0.00016864817,0.00007270794,0.00013617666,0.00000956577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057137033,0.000065766166,0.13549241,0.00005656281,0.000017250095,1.0849558e-7,0.00086556055,0.00581109,0.8322355,0.019129554,0.000021476992,0.0062475703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033113704,0.00042865006,0.28826055,0.000019016543,0.000020815003,0.000006080569,0.00055457244,0.006172704,0.7021033,0.0015909356,0.0003816577,0.00013052867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011953885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000996293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15276814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017098755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052981927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39004824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091732643","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2005.10.037","title":"Identification of wastewater sludge characteristics to predict critical flux for membrane bioreactor processes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":166,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Colloid; Bioreactor; Membrane; Volatile suspended solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Suspended solids; Filter (signal processing); Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05662036581118429,"score_gpt":0.3571792298045963,"score_spread":0.30055886399341203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091732643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99308425,0.0000056647605,0.0005483002,0.00479323,0.00005406765,0.0007702522,0.000070799935,0.000075222066,0.0005981828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948244,0.000007205543,0.0012831812,0.00003506067,0.00007130589,0.00027685662,0.000048198817,0.000017992345,0.0034357633],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981142,0.000058651487,0.00038330187,0.0003511848,0.0006161853,0.00047644723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924105,0.00009171662,0.000027809738,0.0003989188,0.0001400511,0.00010043092],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010607124,0.00010113018,0.00014752499,0.0001503265,0.00012962268,0.00007018036,0.0004713387,0.00009250481,0.0013323651],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00117666,0.0000709581,0.000028840273,0.00026621472,0.000354444,0.0002946897,0.00027358826,0.00013078086,0.0017139666],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063341075,0.00008397476,0.0006143503,0.00016847755,0.000004025462,6.7886924e-7,0.00076488015,0.000016653123,0.99415106,0.00010085626,0.0026795007,0.0013522048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001230463,0.0001379081,0.0010387215,0.000013419325,0.000004220923,0.0000017439573,0.00008845138,0.00027701474,0.97623974,0.00033427004,0.021652333,0.00008913667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001828309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016941025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018972833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009197885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017481549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99958056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091836392","doi":"10.1016/s1383-5866(00)00172-6","title":"Nanofiltration using pore-filled membranes: effect of polyelectrolyte composition on performance","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyelectrolyte; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Microporous material; Polymer chemistry; Ethylene glycol; Materials science; Polymerization; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010803944041352707,"score_gpt":0.2646335733938435,"score_spread":0.2538296293524908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091836392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993365,0.000060962975,0.0015583537,0.000660381,0.000048851653,0.0005062954,0.0000024035471,0.0002887231,0.0035090437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867636,0.00022838522,0.00069017074,0.000055413926,0.000014408966,0.000049892395,0.000047701476,0.000012047928,0.00022563826],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987941,0.00008658384,0.0003642894,0.00034359435,0.00022141682,0.00019005088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926513,0.000054660984,0.00027086618,0.00035098143,0.00002601574,0.000032312197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028333694,0.0001762328,0.00023012642,0.00030403156,0.0002010187,0.000019534917,0.000170352,0.00025209173,0.0002876074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046952166,0.00016023296,0.000032934902,0.00075838715,0.0002843736,0.00028143232,0.00003212552,0.00013528462,0.00015777221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017368882,0.00004717913,0.0053003756,0.000020659483,0.000009198978,8.2851227e-7,0.000053498883,0.0017920252,0.9683765,0.0017449548,0.00008152825,0.022399547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005650042,0.0007280496,0.004094996,0.000016960355,0.000021014666,0.00006373739,0.000021732112,0.038992736,0.9536803,0.00030698453,0.001335973,0.0001725255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010813542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028132827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03720071,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079793135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010482603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65341103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092085160","doi":"10.1002/cben.201400030","title":"Morphology Control of Polysulfone Membranes in Filtration Processes: a Critical Review","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ChemBioEng Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Permeation; Porosity; Membrane structure; Morphology (biology); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.09124459697854803,"score_gpt":0.36585987160243943,"score_spread":0.2746152746238914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092085160","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000018558833,0.9941286,0.00006303106,0.00028500613,0.0000970211,0.0031723503,0.00003280215,0.00006998747,0.0021493866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000017467884,0.9976115,0.0005707602,0.0003600968,0.000035048655,0.0010672143,0.00009305875,0.000039431237,0.00020540385],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956947,0.00055051874,0.0022350813,0.00073710585,0.00038180998,0.0004007773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975807,0.0003172331,0.0009849995,0.00095252704,0.00005330241,0.000111212124],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021711478,0.0005627624,0.0043272274,0.00013613919,0.000030997075,0.000014952714,0.0008538929,0.00046603623,0.0017033884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006249866,0.000419994,0.00037632298,0.0014200836,0.00049745047,0.0002323923,0.00016962866,0.0004993393,0.0013023682],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029063979,0.00011135274,0.000005137976,0.26434678,0.000013295622,0.000010914585,0.00002805297,5.3947986e-7,0.000062230836,0.000040926276,0.0099112075,0.72546667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017066419,0.000053148215,4.0862028e-7,0.04764142,0.00041298004,0.0000737539,0.0000053351996,0.0000026766952,0.00011388675,0.00008492207,0.9510947,0.0003460948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022819968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024096242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9411835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002382062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001877493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092154688","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780319","title":"Treatment of olive mill washing water by ultrafiltration","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane technology; Produced water; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005580443273399201,"score_gpt":0.17433155022529526,"score_spread":0.16875110695189605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092154688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99850994,0.00009951258,0.000043063123,0.00041164627,0.000028397975,0.00004114867,0.0000029001976,0.00000722544,0.0008561744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99958277,0.000016126398,0.00024303499,0.000018660117,0.000021976452,0.0000011503068,0.0000018424996,0.0000057997036,0.00010864265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951017,0.000006312386,0.00018053321,0.000048638507,0.00010411998,0.00015024796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997445,0.000022962155,0.000033056313,0.00008779209,0.000006117726,0.00010557493],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000066356086,0.000066738416,0.00009673868,0.000023918175,0.000029009017,0.00001384307,0.00015929915,0.000043040523,0.0010015977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022221802,0.00003966184,0.00004148957,0.000055510653,0.000066704975,0.00009203977,0.0000027227395,0.000076562785,0.000024997124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042536553,0.000006127231,0.00008123008,0.0000031251527,0.0000117235495,0.000003666933,0.00067401875,0.028376238,0.96711946,0.000012893021,0.000483215,0.0032240418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012646141,0.0000441524,0.000028806036,0.000008638717,0.000008649424,0.000045597324,0.000010026356,0.0014580778,0.99276894,0.00004527454,0.0054048477,0.000050547384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014394221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013266699,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02691816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022268294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001626794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092213622","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2007.06.026","title":"Removal of metal ions from an acidic leachate solution by nanofiltration membranes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Leachate; Membrane; Chemistry; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Membrane technology; Metal; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02459689102114805,"score_gpt":0.2560245479730661,"score_spread":0.23142765695191808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092213622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874482,0.00009312207,0.0098807225,0.00038837214,0.000128137,0.00017801282,0.000027626824,0.00017814341,0.0016776503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941656,0.00009289898,0.0047558197,0.000040283543,0.000020032983,0.000015527896,0.0003946845,0.000010638741,0.0005045105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887997,0.00009574143,0.00027277585,0.00025946458,0.0003599644,0.00013208155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948734,0.000031252366,0.00017569149,0.00024620292,0.000021977967,0.00003751297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020250176,0.00010834431,0.00012747436,0.000061638944,0.00016960662,0.000010104687,0.00017105966,0.00012370577,0.000451107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087302324,0.000108883425,0.00004056365,0.0002510767,0.00029511543,0.0007936952,0.000036726764,0.00007193154,0.00013727439],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014072054,0.000090719186,0.0008191467,0.000003146839,0.000006791116,0.00000396023,0.00036715643,0.00045721818,0.9924941,0.00055780367,0.0007156933,0.0044701938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029087163,0.00009214854,0.009418672,0.0000041068665,0.000018269006,0.000036326794,0.00011701848,0.011459277,0.9746466,0.001435539,0.0023313158,0.00014984899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00080159516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016204978,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017847493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080748665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010887059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49393052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092404502","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.05.025","title":"Sludge properties and their effects on membrane fouling in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SAnMBRs)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":343,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Bioreactor; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biopolymer; Mesophile; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic digestion; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Polymer; Methane; Biofilm; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.06163851009264397,"score_gpt":0.2929396542433088,"score_spread":0.23130114415066483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092404502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941791,0.000085104075,0.0000029720582,0.0022929679,0.00004561039,0.0007070346,0.0000010285555,0.0001338616,0.0025523033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987918,0.00013445684,0.00008014889,0.00013208798,0.000023548726,0.000058401878,0.000006066162,0.000018641187,0.0007548397],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975844,0.0003038233,0.0002454386,0.00054745656,0.0005334014,0.00078545575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934345,0.00005427669,0.00002292708,0.0004557946,0.000014501677,0.0001090399],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013507789,0.00021688022,0.00024821764,0.00034004686,0.00020708339,0.0000912306,0.00042173377,0.00014995266,0.00024707557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017436543,0.00012655066,0.000035790563,0.00050793943,0.0003395316,0.00028917717,0.00024322969,0.0005467094,0.00048220242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000100798585,0.00007662651,0.0017070156,0.00003700859,0.00000450488,0.000021018426,0.0012765742,0.00014466936,0.98560625,0.000045876895,0.0001221081,0.010857567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004428151,0.0003611159,0.011187396,0.000052076364,0.0000013225057,0.000003604695,0.00018173979,0.0003731083,0.98572767,0.00043583565,0.0010547079,0.00017859775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039872737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016905024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010678969,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001560206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008705023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6197897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092524547","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2005.10.036","title":"Concentration of sucrose solutions via vacuum membrane distillation","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Sucrose; Chemistry; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Volumetric flow rate; Flux (metallurgy); Concentration polarization; Laminar flow; Chromatography; Brine; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Desalination; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011395286512080473,"score_gpt":0.23003026592647374,"score_spread":0.21863497941439328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092524547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90806425,0.000026698559,0.080222525,0.00040419778,0.00011483608,0.0002864559,0.000010901851,0.00017694305,0.010693172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975506,0.0000070290134,0.0018869139,0.000016115251,0.000024979627,0.0000150421265,0.00014429873,0.000007324657,0.00034771737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907684,0.000041658386,0.00029138272,0.0001746502,0.00026942405,0.00014604288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995608,0.000038471528,0.0001786491,0.00017272687,0.000030781666,0.000018597753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021672931,0.00008412396,0.000091946014,0.000039667393,0.000111949645,0.000015955773,0.00009660446,0.0000877008,0.00043761663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050425013,0.000085828564,0.000033410477,0.0003146932,0.00014966656,0.00033950908,0.00003633296,0.00005040372,0.0001366757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014832374,0.00011912716,0.017004956,0.000014114676,0.0000042853994,6.663633e-7,0.000104103565,0.015364062,0.9312641,0.02868878,0.0010408057,0.0063801566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046299055,0.000057764926,0.23757339,0.000008020347,0.000019798246,0.000004182097,0.00002871899,0.06641012,0.6791013,0.014370963,0.0017688102,0.00019394493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032069028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017592052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2521628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012398089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000071853237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4791595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093035301","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2007.12.026","title":"Production of drinking water from saline water by air-gap membrane distillation using polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":292,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Desalination; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Materials science; Fluoride; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.016326997969826333,"score_gpt":0.25907337681265297,"score_spread":0.24274637884282663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093035301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943098,0.00008031423,0.0019975642,0.0010930463,0.0014986513,0.00028958646,0.000005520049,0.00006600809,0.00065953605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99095875,0.00006656643,0.008125546,0.00010705046,0.00025317314,0.0000014618344,0.000011606251,0.000033476947,0.00044238043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99449575,0.00009851884,0.0015845511,0.00066852506,0.0022935246,0.00085915177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979387,0.000113822556,0.0008182229,0.00064770185,0.000232055,0.00024951753],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0050099157,0.00036254118,0.0005996429,0.00049393135,0.00043109627,0.0000816736,0.0011242249,0.0001854527,0.001105211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004030685,0.00023642645,0.00017177271,0.00094273756,0.0013563086,0.002325638,0.00038197948,0.00039132408,0.00008425279],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001727609,0.000101679034,0.001915013,0.000024620134,0.000021511774,0.000017711398,0.0008061581,0.010309247,0.9841405,0.000013393674,0.00010331458,0.002374095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058112893,0.0001239366,0.0020385466,0.00009449834,0.00006483441,0.00017498288,0.00023494512,0.001337471,0.9935965,0.00023812958,0.0011917207,0.00032329184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004072241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007794784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009456019,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046808404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006678951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998079},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093092928","doi":"10.2166/ws.2011.004","title":"Pilot scale evaluation of biofiltration as an innovative pre-treatment for ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04941328196440837,"score_gpt":0.3002135979292249,"score_spread":0.25080031596481656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093092928","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99190277,0.0000081244825,0.0027438526,0.00082636334,0.00023997566,0.0034340927,0.000017307208,0.0003568239,0.000470708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850947,0.000010840869,0.011828671,0.00004240607,0.00002269932,0.002502879,0.0002060513,0.000026479547,0.00026523875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968968,0.00006505209,0.0006080652,0.0010062207,0.00058294676,0.0008409063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986355,0.000020734191,0.00012469695,0.0008017262,0.00034844255,0.00006892923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014256289,0.00036999927,0.00035499653,0.00073053816,0.0005788877,0.00007283603,0.00076672685,0.0001996589,0.00047957952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005072023,0.00020011057,0.00007412657,0.0006159376,0.001613747,0.0018089039,0.0001389995,0.00007033368,0.00011075354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017025686,0.0004362326,0.00675911,0.000012277154,0.000020019994,4.933491e-7,0.009673124,0.000264952,0.96972245,0.00036410152,0.000004072386,0.012572925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014929984,0.0058696046,0.00067447306,0.00000991166,0.00008239869,0.000015630412,0.000572444,0.0021002714,0.97274756,0.015402102,0.00072793843,0.00030466856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047952056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054134784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059488456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007272983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8160273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093477843","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2010.05.057","title":"Fouling behavior of electroacidified soy protein extracts during cross-flow ultrafiltration using dynamic reversible–irreversible fouling resistances and CFD modeling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Permeation; Viscosity; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016630538646661162,"score_gpt":0.28301342036166405,"score_spread":0.2663828817150029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093477843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949813,0.00007905927,0.0040937555,0.00008071078,0.00022587358,0.00029407334,0.000001927731,0.00003175859,0.00021155368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9401144,0.00006220164,0.059698936,0.0000075394464,0.0000301473,0.0000030974702,3.6577742e-7,0.000012542252,0.00007076542],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972596,0.000041801737,0.00078426494,0.00040359507,0.0010667223,0.00044397436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99852544,0.000056404602,0.0008061248,0.00030879624,0.00015269197,0.00015056047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022056426,0.00019607866,0.0003130914,0.00035062342,0.0005882811,0.00017514521,0.0007103253,0.00013218191,0.000093112794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066779274,0.0001797988,0.00008544874,0.00091603963,0.0009017616,0.0026558992,0.00012453378,0.00060256175,0.0000030439971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007042614,0.00003864558,0.0014959711,0.000043392567,0.000004017244,0.0000110302435,0.0002106114,0.085567184,0.9120431,0.000025587706,4.1492714e-7,0.0004896276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046488713,0.00008009235,0.0036195554,0.000101355996,0.000028635433,0.00019251443,0.00020474561,0.19495183,0.79994696,0.00022428035,0.0000035512242,0.00018158431],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004599816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075260745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11209612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018366486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018165754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73319817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094240782","doi":"10.1039/c5ta01328c","title":"Synthesis of mesoporous carbon–silica nanocomposite water-treatment membranes using a triconstituent co-assembly method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Australian Research Council; University of Queensland","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Mesoporous silica; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mesoporous material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Catalysis; Composite number","score_opus":0.028924818035117015,"score_gpt":0.2905045806893762,"score_spread":0.26157976265425914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094240782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976759,0.00008663367,0.00007902459,0.00015899366,0.00012107572,0.00012593404,0.0000142668905,0.000026131185,0.0017120629],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99193233,0.0000442201,0.007840111,0.000011670198,0.00006254747,0.000007671942,0.0000019987217,0.0000141018,0.00008534961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824315,0.00012640501,0.00079021923,0.00018552988,0.00042952623,0.00022517807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988086,0.00008210369,0.000653082,0.00027688348,0.00004822492,0.00013107999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083713577,0.00020689881,0.00059453404,0.000045361223,0.000041803545,0.000037354574,0.00032864072,0.00013674427,0.00044332008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012637196,0.00013916,0.00010285703,0.00008980623,0.00014877193,0.0001818345,0.00009727894,0.00006138629,0.000013062086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017804017,0.00014721174,0.00013233315,0.00006956121,0.000067973415,0.000055392902,0.00016732264,0.0017081244,0.9970596,9.702812e-7,0.00004666159,0.0003668059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005642625,0.00009140437,0.00001485068,0.000048106736,0.00011862803,0.0006337896,0.00017519084,0.00008712451,0.99730617,0.000058887406,0.0007583838,0.00014322046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019667894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.80027e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0077610863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036910916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006646036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.567478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094275153","doi":"10.1039/c2nj40355b","title":"Design of super-hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Crystallization; Contact angle; Membrane structure; Polymer chemistry; Phase (matter); Amorphous solid; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016154477219207514,"score_gpt":0.23450703003556714,"score_spread":0.21835255281635962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094275153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99459046,0.0017678719,0.0013097731,0.00018147485,0.00010579517,0.000048712598,9.327789e-7,0.000020722624,0.0019742372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990819,0.0002600559,0.0077263894,0.000036530142,0.00012559527,5.389609e-7,5.4269714e-7,0.000012752826,0.001018588],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988264,0.000024738154,0.000444165,0.000093388975,0.00036879393,0.0002425296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991692,0.000065225366,0.00036435254,0.00022487814,0.00001879726,0.00015754774],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032865943,0.00012983865,0.00023941732,0.000026282552,0.000031759748,0.00000937907,0.00041515168,0.00012722553,0.0038604152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009387412,0.000109801826,0.000083240884,0.00015682293,0.00017590121,0.00028595867,0.0000690179,0.00021016768,0.00005526091],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035068293,0.00007045723,0.0021989036,0.000026127345,0.000015583917,0.000006024794,0.00021025982,0.0007698294,0.9914445,6.8503175e-7,0.0031034886,0.0021190417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035817534,0.000042080886,0.00048402644,0.00001845084,0.00002275254,0.00035186223,0.00011572441,0.000017077937,0.9961813,0.00009118134,0.002213333,0.00010400103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025896434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1517797e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064166165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008446238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004463083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99705017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094408458","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2013.868038","title":"The effect of residual cationic polymers in swine wastewater on the fouling of reverse osmosis membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Cationic polymerization; Residual; Osmosis; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Polymer; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004285610482073934,"score_gpt":0.2010173842946853,"score_spread":0.19673177381261137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094408458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938802,0.00008371454,0.0000074240006,0.0039355983,0.00004872749,0.00035598315,0.000003261833,0.00004856741,0.0016365033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993034,0.00011164974,0.00009015487,0.000042197316,0.000006306163,0.0000643632,0.0000028005727,0.000013395539,0.0003657365],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987016,0.00016081159,0.00035338954,0.0002672789,0.0002695664,0.00024740462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986513,0.00043917442,0.0001972307,0.0006959982,7.8108155e-7,0.000015486574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063390855,0.00015832104,0.00021362533,0.000104843224,0.00013280236,0.0000048986985,0.00062236865,0.00016487528,0.0006887081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021159138,0.0000916434,0.000050485036,0.0002878867,0.0013883273,0.00005882251,0.0003061547,0.0002349209,0.00014153394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014811357,0.00008631069,0.07457581,0.000023925235,0.000031706404,0.0000019079253,0.00020698542,0.0020307903,0.8901048,0.0018572173,0.00030552188,0.030626947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038532683,0.0005055135,0.0062288092,0.000016248923,0.000011853278,0.0000040627087,0.00037211785,0.00017699577,0.988789,0.0008882603,0.0025229363,0.00009882907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006863171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049008897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09868429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010202964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022655647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7540871},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094479947","doi":"10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.490","title":"Modelling the Long-Term Evolution of Permeability in a Full-Scale Municipal MBR: A Multivariate Statistical Modelling Approach","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Procedia Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multivariate statistics; Term (time); Scale (ratio); Permeability (electromagnetism); Environmental science; Computer science; Statistics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Chemistry; Geography; Physics; Cartography","score_opus":0.024450298942434372,"score_gpt":0.2372599380794126,"score_spread":0.21280963913697823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094479947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.510272,0.0000786532,0.48926967,0.000005828241,0.000027241726,0.00017466769,0.0000021961716,0.00005399402,0.000115716306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9346046,0.000010242731,0.06525531,0.0000015870133,0.000023347586,0.00007838437,0.000004320806,0.000014782912,0.000007467584],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884456,0.00002423347,0.0002992773,0.0002203939,0.0002391011,0.0003724274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995205,0.00009949455,0.00005720237,0.00025743849,0.00000829837,0.000057080462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050869404,0.00014138062,0.00016345944,0.000056181303,0.000044767465,0.000011127825,0.00023745713,0.00009051977,0.00003866169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008731439,0.0001154298,0.000032064185,0.00026608893,0.000098204066,0.00028678105,0.00014437671,0.00025231368,0.0000146662005],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012616948,0.00007933436,0.021955922,0.00007808336,0.0000035613116,1.7113263e-7,0.0021753276,0.9689362,0.006004189,0.0005909025,7.9161657e-7,0.00016290542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013718358,0.000011996837,0.012117362,0.000016001453,0.000008738039,0.0000042759148,0.00014012649,0.9860873,0.0012401824,0.00010766764,0.0000043872096,0.00012475695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003159799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016944683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42433253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022275442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008374043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4707091},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095402729","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.058","title":"Effects of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of membrane on membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Fouling; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Chromatography; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0058518029496709605,"score_gpt":0.21173700869005338,"score_spread":0.2058852057403824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095402729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954116,0.000074218355,0.00012383085,0.0006303344,0.00010138013,0.0007702131,0.00000759892,0.0004924396,0.0023884277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874103,0.00008145818,0.0008606137,0.00009412196,0.000020220277,0.00007430154,0.0000056081494,0.000049196802,0.00007345864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968459,0.00018347113,0.000922612,0.0008076122,0.0005801184,0.0006602595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979523,0.00037193202,0.000430139,0.0011262016,0.000025562682,0.00009386407],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006232501,0.00044248044,0.000957397,0.0010455422,0.00007587587,0.000007739276,0.0011743848,0.0007563804,0.00026375637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012978377,0.00040836004,0.00015936539,0.0021928737,0.0014138928,0.0001019871,0.00047257118,0.0005570066,0.00014227658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014045519,0.00039118886,0.008431532,0.00019817351,0.000021774511,0.000012262868,0.00014467722,0.0011655168,0.98498124,0.0011753913,0.000028981953,0.0033087924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014234901,0.0006127554,0.0069095627,0.000114786664,0.000029987004,0.000009404264,0.000064870066,0.0023162684,0.9861646,0.00065901893,0.0013403317,0.0003548889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052896724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015118776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033294638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015013272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016175542,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998368},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095536291","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.014","title":"Effects of different pretreatments on the performance of ceramic ultrafiltration membrane during the treatment of oil sands tailings pond recycle water: A pilot-scale study","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Canadian Natural Resources","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Tailings; Filtration (mathematics); Total dissolved solids; Produced water; Fouling; Water treatment; Turbidity; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Oil sands; Membrane technology; Softening; Permeation; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Metallurgy; Geology; Composite material; Asphalt","score_opus":0.008695395314698718,"score_gpt":0.20471210300084952,"score_spread":0.19601670768615082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095536291","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99834037,0.00006714324,0.000003981295,0.000092998744,0.00009485871,0.0007194046,0.0000038379976,0.0000077247805,0.0006696935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981175,0.0009991551,0.00005359217,0.000011796422,0.00001333642,0.0000428693,0.0000018231754,0.000014017285,0.0007459142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802035,0.00013751615,0.00064971123,0.00019189967,0.0008079143,0.00019258223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989073,0.000079887795,0.0005595345,0.00039562554,0.0000056244,0.000051998217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031421203,0.0002229502,0.00033949947,0.000086566535,0.00009283142,0.000011787927,0.00038452528,0.0000333827,0.00014548574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000071859736,0.00010676538,0.0001151036,0.000098350814,0.00024124524,0.0001618752,0.000119056735,0.00009199162,0.000015620242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001217807,0.0091819875,0.07488482,0.00015732575,0.00046944877,0.000016646269,0.0054061026,0.0075856256,0.8940138,0.000008743073,0.000023119359,0.007034529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024766163,0.007631106,0.19804944,0.00005072417,0.00017538507,0.000005861929,0.0016433373,0.00012447727,0.78968906,0.00001903808,0.00004804891,0.000086889646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023627787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075426433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12316462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004623277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027389983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43537658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095576267","doi":"10.1002/bit.20799","title":"Selective separation of cationic peptides from a tryptic hydrolysate of β‐lactoglobulin by electrofiltration","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrolysate; Chemistry; Chromatography; Peptide; Cationic polymerization; Permeation; Fractionation; Membrane; Hydrolysis; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.003235653728690109,"score_gpt":0.19582963934894002,"score_spread":0.1925939856202499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095576267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892974,0.00041956696,0.00960794,0.00020056753,0.000021965801,0.000122797,0.000009239343,0.0001387106,0.00018183235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971423,0.000076755474,0.0026987472,0.0000042466418,0.0000072358653,0.000010601853,0.00002990023,0.0000060046373,0.000024214862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999381,0.0000112367115,0.00022671476,0.00016322742,0.0000808594,0.000136929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999696,0.000027927987,0.00011985744,0.00013782756,0.0000068221175,0.000011535104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006768999,0.000097001204,0.00013894754,0.000075411255,0.00003190485,0.0000038546023,0.000091824375,0.00023568512,0.000032432785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021373722,0.00009558578,0.000019866748,0.00029774403,0.00017106075,0.00011561653,0.000033953183,0.00010024062,0.000008109765],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000810593,0.00002653124,0.005437577,0.0000072273365,0.000011696369,8.483808e-8,0.000024090361,0.00094397843,0.9917023,0.00096602715,0.00010775786,0.0007646341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012579023,0.00007565952,0.011538934,0.0000057178554,0.000015132557,0.0000019249314,0.00001993862,0.005210387,0.9818191,0.000969003,0.00013193062,0.000086487315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037052264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000064427484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009883194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004247066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048080665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38978752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095810089","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.4","title":"Influence of External Coagulant Water Types on the Performances of PES Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Distilled water; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Permeation; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.011819200242692802,"score_gpt":0.2520874612670045,"score_spread":0.24026826102431167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095810089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99795836,0.00030846597,0.0001587595,0.00092080445,0.00006250652,0.00012548587,0.0000016127356,0.000019495821,0.00044452935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99886864,0.00064213993,0.0003251035,0.00006420457,0.000028038956,0.0000047691547,8.311442e-7,0.000005374878,0.000060881306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876595,0.000066558234,0.0005696096,0.00009455528,0.00032829322,0.00017506604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991094,0.000121813006,0.00048558085,0.00018963803,0.00006201348,0.0000315564],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077808666,0.00011936038,0.00028481524,0.00020020426,0.00008407123,0.000009522951,0.000278546,0.00014274116,0.00022092501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015759589,0.00006467048,0.000048666152,0.00021341867,0.0004705598,0.00049225567,0.000048758277,0.00020094814,0.000022308843],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009068918,0.00007493916,0.016138302,0.000035166206,0.00001910007,8.6818005e-7,0.00063907757,0.007540112,0.97160864,0.002320782,0.000071534654,0.0014607895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021415383,0.00035225233,0.007558958,0.00003697745,0.000025937888,0.000104457686,0.00034887163,0.00028484923,0.9894998,0.0007113599,0.00078713783,0.0000752578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011222731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054005604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017891146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001792554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009971356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26371855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096729885","doi":"10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2004)130:1(90)","title":"Membrane Fouling Test: Apparatus Evaluation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Compaction; Membrane technology; Flux (metallurgy); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010427824677648741,"score_gpt":0.21698123862222896,"score_spread":0.2065534139445802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096729885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908583,0.00028395574,0.0040325457,0.000045654222,0.00028025394,0.00016928476,0.0000018671154,0.000034140525,0.004293968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900642,0.00008493957,0.0096746795,0.000025408312,0.00003145652,0.0000049577843,9.0704964e-7,0.00001789659,0.00009553938],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863875,0.000029039622,0.00039173264,0.00013963236,0.00059739855,0.00020344058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945366,0.00008410922,0.00020304824,0.00017076268,0.0000034357224,0.00008498827],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070739276,0.00014366875,0.00016741424,0.00008056443,0.000049061822,0.000020315665,0.00018054977,0.00007322678,0.002678307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038594825,0.00013456016,0.000080236474,0.00013617537,0.000051180185,0.00036417606,0.000042767657,0.0002233748,0.00017718572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042940032,0.00007829794,0.004500581,0.000004937903,0.000014563278,0.000011766644,0.00007386362,0.29338345,0.6986314,0.00004711354,0.000116858915,0.0031328464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018745018,0.00038984505,0.040450037,0.000053225955,0.0001244581,0.00070292444,0.0003628294,0.05466793,0.877377,0.00028174353,0.023109866,0.00060564076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.371195e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.7914103e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23871553,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003589843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008440808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097428650","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2004.12.040","title":"The use of backflushed coalescing microfiltration as a pretreatment for the ultrafiltration of bilge water","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Materials science; Chromatography; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03644692322896518,"score_gpt":0.26493406249274987,"score_spread":0.2284871392637847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097428650","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97404855,0.00003967352,0.022172455,0.0023725263,0.00006673498,0.0010141371,0.000008941292,0.000039290444,0.00023766987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947848,0.0000592238,0.00450361,0.00004784663,0.000015491492,0.00008962617,0.00003365147,0.00000673697,0.00045902142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992166,0.000046578418,0.00028987625,0.00012796094,0.00020721517,0.00011175103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922395,0.00033200503,0.0001542883,0.00023699005,0.00004192148,0.000010868261],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003736557,0.000075289,0.00007320267,0.00002628955,0.00018110371,0.000033455304,0.0001409649,0.0000551042,0.00006934797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019109371,0.000038495633,0.00004600405,0.000107235464,0.00016260127,0.0003332561,0.000022459446,0.00003633352,0.000029824185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063510306,0.00006403524,0.0011745573,0.000009732259,0.000018862862,4.416812e-8,0.00090904895,0.020684881,0.9368629,0.002272351,0.00095343817,0.03698668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023328226,0.00009902561,0.0041590305,0.0000052885966,0.000021594697,0.0000013582157,0.0001075153,0.022582687,0.96085894,0.0003979567,0.011484033,0.000049303573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000117931115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002901308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036937375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000864338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000814825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15698063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097842249","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22313","title":"Ultrafiltration of oily waste water: Contribution of surface roughness in membrane properties and fouling characteristics of polyacrylonitrile membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Fouling; Surface roughness; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Polymer; PEG 400; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.015121117347214231,"score_gpt":0.18820283110177255,"score_spread":0.17308171375455833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097842249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993584,0.00018321004,0.00010354497,0.00019375868,0.000051168125,0.00008144312,0.0000052673827,0.0000039625766,0.000019213072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99976707,0.00001109566,0.00019162097,0.0000037750337,0.000013688732,7.7985294e-7,0.000001957492,0.0000061715677,0.0000038490984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914837,0.0000189106,0.00044944123,0.00005744408,0.00018003983,0.00014578541],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995317,0.000041881496,0.00017763843,0.00009131251,0.000062685,0.000094773255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047125752,0.00007915384,0.00024954224,0.00006144766,0.000013545922,0.0000087673025,0.00017146248,0.000067537454,0.0000114976865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034987327,0.000053896725,0.000027182008,0.0001306342,0.00017055511,0.00015423265,0.000017508706,0.00013435008,4.0368755e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030336092,0.0000058081473,0.0013502741,0.00005710118,0.000007847675,0.0000018766965,0.0007224101,0.04918085,0.9484941,0.000029025521,0.0000021050278,0.000118318065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029619786,0.000035773697,0.00032087325,0.00009441754,0.000011784054,0.000020678137,0.00010976583,0.0079213595,0.9910777,0.000034258508,0.00001950991,0.000057685545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017775076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023537652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042583648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000947599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000599835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26870716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098369509","doi":"10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2006)10:3(156)","title":"Vermiculite Filtration for Removal of Oil from Water","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Practice Periodical of Hazardous Toxic and Radioactive Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vermiculite; Emulsion; Mineral oil; Refinery; Sorption; Oil refinery; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Extraction (chemistry); Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Adsorption; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007520806463645925,"score_gpt":0.23141268840670126,"score_spread":0.22389188194305534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098369509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9314494,0.00033194662,0.01433114,0.002169887,0.000111833,0.00041798933,0.000040080256,0.00005010358,0.051097605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95958316,0.00021055182,0.03842081,0.000117428644,0.000041169824,0.000040924235,0.000034675235,0.000011975207,0.001539313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875134,0.00006253979,0.00035494776,0.00031586396,0.0003268864,0.00018844513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993518,0.00015879342,0.00021004454,0.0002234931,0.000019200748,0.000036692367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028060484,0.00013849992,0.00023264962,0.000051190014,0.00012217458,0.000039423,0.00014885841,0.00007706761,0.00028044963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005682375,0.00010470812,0.000067918285,0.000082041646,0.0004572206,0.000383375,0.0001437186,0.00008327246,0.000016447582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002646966,0.0016029589,0.0006527024,0.0004539407,0.000671321,0.00017436672,0.0029454336,0.006504433,0.6146303,0.0126050245,0.005922632,0.35118997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030593209,0.0006216715,0.0027069598,0.00006001694,0.0005609165,0.00007998268,0.005440824,0.0067301863,0.60408646,0.0020362716,0.3740632,0.0005542202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033938995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019484733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36814055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006855021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063217826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42698732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098558869","doi":"10.7202/705266ar","title":"Analyse par HPLC et CG/SM des constituants du carbone organique dissous (COD), du COD biodégradable (CODB) et des composés organohalogénés (TOX) d'un perméat de nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Humanities; Forestry; Nuclear chemistry; Art; Geography","score_opus":0.05605264004854432,"score_gpt":0.3016388727408624,"score_spread":0.24558623269231805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098558869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95498437,0.003027443,0.03064559,0.0059036147,0.00028409547,0.0005581761,0.00009629138,0.00041244132,0.0040879985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85766137,0.0073832255,0.13363892,0.0005519261,0.000120958575,0.000036912767,0.000034255205,0.000040218983,0.0005322167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99517316,0.0008328665,0.00082475937,0.0011180914,0.00064466277,0.0014064717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788433,0.00046918227,0.000444691,0.00065060775,0.00011713185,0.00043406003],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028294427,0.00059111806,0.0006224977,0.0002854461,0.002028654,0.00060221803,0.001349101,0.0004431443,0.001470393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013849731,0.00058282324,0.00017624338,0.0023214289,0.013388989,0.0019942303,0.00041804582,0.00045347394,0.00089817384],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003280752,0.0005696575,0.2917013,0.00018915374,0.00006317707,0.00017202714,0.009746575,0.044828434,0.6371211,0.00818833,0.0007686847,0.006618799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009831424,0.0009522303,0.13616137,0.00062387605,0.0002551102,0.0034446837,0.0028542492,0.13387735,0.6902732,0.025819512,0.0031490896,0.0016061575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0058714175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022260567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15553993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016390346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046905037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098980558","doi":"10.1002/app.23380","title":"Surface‐modified polysulfone membranes: Aqueous phase oxidation via persulfate radical","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Chemistry; Persulfate; Aqueous solution; Potassium persulfate; Surface modification; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Sodium persulfate; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Catalysis; Monomer","score_opus":0.010783707765169518,"score_gpt":0.25161505192869105,"score_spread":0.24083134416352153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098980558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790107,0.00030344937,0.003304236,0.0006693831,0.00023387653,0.00016082905,0.0000018272355,0.00007326919,0.01624243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99645436,0.000027956976,0.0029285043,0.00018146269,0.0000831519,0.0000027861738,0.0000016285396,0.000013544977,0.00030661141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970528,0.000027541006,0.0006977178,0.00037943674,0.0013562904,0.00048623644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987489,0.00006128743,0.00059074897,0.000376697,0.00003627123,0.00018607653],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010415274,0.00021199242,0.0002953796,0.00021813413,0.00034708646,0.00012498039,0.0010366823,0.00010802187,0.0006950009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024838026,0.00017501565,0.00008961996,0.0012601182,0.0016907785,0.0007608049,0.00016721092,0.0002951578,0.00021781914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012188334,0.00018265212,0.00006111137,0.00000365535,0.0000047500416,0.00001603976,0.00016484123,0.0019094143,0.9850921,0.0010323253,0.00043148,0.01097974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012770182,0.00012480731,0.0003540083,0.000006051229,0.000021050695,0.000131809,0.00013970376,0.0039378046,0.99188656,0.001184561,0.00071459496,0.00022204644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014341154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001223932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017443653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002312169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010897964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76097727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101999610","doi":"10.1021/ef300865e","title":"Characterization of Boiler Blowdown Water from Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage and Silica–Organic Coprecipitation during Acidification and Ultrafiltration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Produced water; Fouling; Dissolved organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.008281422499087122,"score_gpt":0.20051628164653934,"score_spread":0.19223485914745223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101999610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982773,0.00004054995,0.0009308964,0.00013082393,0.000065446286,0.000114535695,0.000011928551,0.000077704295,0.0003507815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991326,0.00008948327,0.00021169278,0.000030492505,0.000032199863,0.00002557075,0.00023624033,0.000011797207,0.00022996795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991041,0.00007433514,0.0002444659,0.0002356353,0.00017111709,0.00017038669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995646,0.000031861426,0.000129445,0.00020635933,0.000012867852,0.00005487005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014559993,0.00011989425,0.00012898704,0.000049477756,0.000111943344,0.00002687739,0.000076098375,0.00011019718,0.00042825346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003569073,0.00010294565,0.000016531538,0.00011271426,0.00012594902,0.0007194384,0.00006202033,0.0000538717,0.000021955662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014750192,0.000041044364,0.0059102,0.000008538656,0.000007224429,1.2489129e-7,0.0009768846,0.0000038864214,0.98862153,0.00018861136,0.0000032666615,0.0042239097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013140724,0.000014929552,0.3929249,0.0000033792903,0.0000109970915,0.0000015486582,0.000059593905,0.000021181284,0.60639876,0.00021552059,0.00014403713,0.00007374385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010638724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000055234344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38701472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045017518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023921882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46890754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102042810","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.7","title":"Membrane Fouling Potential of Secondary Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) from Conventional Activated Sludge Process","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Chemistry; Effluent; Organic matter; Activated sludge; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Natural organic matter; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00875904860087617,"score_gpt":0.25461410994382166,"score_spread":0.2458550613429455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102042810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99564254,0.00030817997,0.0017241021,0.0010685101,0.00027130914,0.00019319828,0.00001155059,0.00006178634,0.0007188259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981019,0.00013689652,0.001333501,0.00013172184,0.00007609667,0.00000726941,0.000015755877,0.000018717357,0.00017814708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981285,0.00007054635,0.0008460066,0.00022172037,0.000438381,0.0002948908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986643,0.00005940335,0.00085780176,0.00023389269,0.00008919199,0.00009541196],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042526354,0.00020850667,0.00045491115,0.00033502505,0.00011253597,0.000022182003,0.00033960363,0.00036316752,0.005997057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008415244,0.00018098635,0.00009354431,0.00046580116,0.00034734758,0.00083270174,0.00012946803,0.0004611392,0.00013525972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013655517,0.00016531318,0.013655942,0.000041594874,0.00008474097,0.000005128448,0.00024877346,0.00029141654,0.982876,0.00013648877,0.00041759506,0.0019404307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012366697,0.00017340927,0.009943019,0.000035148292,0.00007955423,0.00032560347,0.0006276941,0.00018116768,0.9849267,0.0013331173,0.0009489417,0.00018895885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001393366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004538841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0058617974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006961205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004044402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9949116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102091675","doi":"10.1007/s11814-014-0261-6","title":"Study on the thin film composite poly(piperazine-amide) nanofiltration membranes made of different polymeric substrates: Effect of operating conditions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Polysulfone; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyetherimide; Composite number; Contact angle; Fouling; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Monomer","score_opus":0.013981294382437821,"score_gpt":0.23954172758628678,"score_spread":0.22556043320384897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102091675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990367,0.00007345993,0.00021041706,0.00014227143,0.00007792558,0.00018844484,0.0000044835683,0.000026779324,0.00023947236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99968344,0.0000032789533,0.00024241832,0.000011654779,0.000027728598,0.000006323149,0.0000035996877,0.000012960406,0.000008610545],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998682,0.00007146511,0.0005498764,0.0001130172,0.000439524,0.00014407319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908197,0.00034680354,0.00027644177,0.00018982297,0.00002647773,0.00007851397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038712609,0.00016916728,0.00033583236,0.00007028907,0.000029293673,0.0000194102,0.00032333453,0.000053881453,0.00006336337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003036,0.000104622886,0.000088953544,0.00021528629,0.00010688354,0.00015369846,0.000053140797,0.0002418579,0.0000040880977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031635846,0.000097425866,0.0036859878,0.000020119578,0.000036213107,0.000004758225,0.0005881166,0.03681,0.95856297,0.000056445002,0.000039116287,0.00006723341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055516517,0.00055968383,0.0033553897,0.000077588935,0.00003531986,0.000034691653,0.00038980768,0.009012196,0.9858625,0.000023136628,0.0000012651265,0.00009328454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011711381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7442367e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027797801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066070075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009913868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42663977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102159576","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.8","title":"A Computational Model to Estimate the Performance of 8 inches RO Membranes in Pressure Vessel","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Seawater; Membrane; Chemistry; Volumetric flow rate; Pressure vessel; Permeation; Range (aeronautics); Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.014829507524513296,"score_gpt":0.2987179754534222,"score_spread":0.2838884679289089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102159576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953466,0.00045144942,0.0014814651,0.0020963121,0.000050905015,0.00018668832,0.000001936253,0.000026406895,0.00035824568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913788,0.00012191109,0.008254145,0.00010101548,0.0000122433285,0.000011744352,0.000001016333,0.000007054907,0.000112073474],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882853,0.000039162725,0.00052951317,0.00011589112,0.00028691045,0.00019998416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933165,0.0000785942,0.00033032385,0.00016774837,0.000043933695,0.000047744805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063707534,0.00012015663,0.00026411272,0.00028310285,0.0000831805,0.000012387532,0.00030842837,0.00014979338,0.00006478411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013446953,0.00008470535,0.000031846743,0.0005099694,0.00023877133,0.0004888121,0.00012321888,0.00023778128,0.000013195514],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009601294,0.00010790088,0.039553054,0.000055217384,0.000022229957,0.0000011577656,0.0010739685,0.89351094,0.06044371,0.0017771792,0.0005121522,0.0028464643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011811637,0.0005449262,0.034455724,0.00008359394,0.00007271041,0.00031025897,0.00060729095,0.58013666,0.37412015,0.003818006,0.0043531945,0.00031635023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065761833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012014565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31367645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027663242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021854103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34541842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102591408","doi":"10.1038/srep06949","title":"Nanofiber based triple layer hydro-philic/-phobic membrane - a solution for pore wetting in membrane distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Nanofiber; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Porosity; Thin layer; Composite material; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.016985555515399913,"score_gpt":0.2483583964690444,"score_spread":0.2313728409536445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102591408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791569,0.00002023728,0.009191983,0.0009032907,0.0026095463,0.0012888605,0.000004736186,0.00032830946,0.0064961375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910255,9.118688e-7,0.004876217,0.00007550612,0.000041855692,0.00014184248,0.00017619897,0.000025424366,0.0036365537],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99682695,0.00009060303,0.0007845904,0.001089469,0.00068332936,0.0005250533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99831825,0.00011621129,0.00046806943,0.0009645112,0.00003627152,0.0000966591],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032952758,0.00022560226,0.00028157327,0.0002486057,0.00042574652,0.00017045968,0.00023878523,0.0001692224,0.0007356889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008393649,0.00021169244,0.00011964652,0.000943642,0.00037223488,0.00045880972,0.00011484169,0.000120904784,0.00010209597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000330971,0.00010532557,0.009875112,0.000063432446,0.0000047773588,0.000024633593,0.00019265825,0.010826257,0.96495223,0.00011654172,0.0058744815,0.007931466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007971069,0.0000677175,0.0044836216,0.000059194073,0.000021960284,0.000058264868,0.00004570397,0.20689332,0.6963877,0.0056132027,0.085085005,0.0004872108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011967737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046211475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26856452,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000233517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044987082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8632567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102835075","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.108","title":"Roles of various mixed liquor constituents in membrane filtration of activated sludge","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chromatography; Fouling; Adsorption; Fraction (chemistry); Activated sludge; Colloid; Chemical engineering; Activated carbon; Membrane technology; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01351223597815865,"score_gpt":0.2426296770366431,"score_spread":0.22911744105848444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102835075","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99807096,0.000014073674,0.00011897831,0.0004672577,0.000017264365,0.00022432866,0.0000052102055,0.000026498292,0.0010554411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923366,0.00005339801,0.0004945377,0.000026751935,0.0000016013369,0.000010564175,0.0000426649,0.0000024486071,0.00013439075],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942076,0.00003332039,0.00021441045,0.0001338325,0.000111880654,0.00008580514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979115,0.000015239247,0.00006614436,0.000099492994,0.000009618977,0.000018369592],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007558031,0.00008273845,0.00013328984,0.00007691397,0.000022089074,0.0000060621196,0.000044613684,0.000056545494,0.000102866914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011710885,0.000057073365,0.000018518067,0.000092456205,0.00007550133,0.00015782294,0.000012326534,0.000021491165,0.000009968088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004906645,0.00032805762,0.003487546,0.0000058162354,0.000009115646,0.000002089024,0.0007895094,0.0007168338,0.9776976,0.00081704336,0.000010742735,0.016086586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007958919,0.00026790326,0.028721983,0.000008627144,0.000008852702,0.0000018766622,0.000058369427,0.00034599198,0.9690961,0.0004948322,0.00014465825,0.000054897155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011198796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010109693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025234437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007152181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044505946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23273842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103171347","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.4","title":"Study on the Impact of Polymer Concentration and Coagulation Bath Temperature on the Porosity of Polyethylene Membranes Fabricated Via TIPS Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Phase inversion; Polymer; Polyethylene; Microporous material; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Coagulation; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022685234515827293,"score_gpt":0.31438810178210413,"score_spread":0.29170286726627687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103171347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963005,0.00034506113,0.00029544497,0.0022965146,0.000053111577,0.0004537013,0.0000060141315,0.000024420171,0.00022523999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995919,0.00013737155,0.000111025816,0.00007877525,0.000023689612,0.000007949127,0.0000024403826,0.000008790699,0.000038070288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998379,0.00031869818,0.0005866618,0.00016110165,0.0003732196,0.00018134044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99837357,0.00038460823,0.0008156199,0.00031143188,0.000068818976,0.000045956167],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001238596,0.00018461872,0.00036667363,0.00014051056,0.0001691461,0.000019316589,0.00023941956,0.00022220764,0.00013638182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023865893,0.0000967116,0.00007437372,0.0005332566,0.00034893153,0.00028453793,0.000063188134,0.00035938574,0.0000038753305],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000222661,0.0003266147,0.026867077,0.0000075481807,0.00009063436,0.0000011736425,0.0011737151,0.00042735809,0.96670574,0.001714491,0.00025742702,0.0022055327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054617645,0.0013165242,0.082393244,0.000016494761,0.000055436885,0.00009272301,0.0015341758,0.000442795,0.9130407,0.00044054847,0.000023050581,0.000098116696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000063120024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007609687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055526163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050991188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019412599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39437845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103382210","doi":"10.1002/app.12000","title":"Effect of surface‐modifying macromolecules and membrane morphology on fouling of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Humic acid; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Porosity; Macromolecule; Polymer chemistry; Biofouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008602034699560298,"score_gpt":0.24858765471933644,"score_spread":0.23998562001977614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103382210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99408066,0.0002990016,0.00020917678,0.00006697577,0.00010593524,0.00014156807,0.0000014349123,0.000012192284,0.005083069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982335,0.00008674861,0.0016068894,0.000040096464,0.000006811643,0.0000014329605,1.7754135e-7,0.000008465339,0.00001587521],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982364,0.00008206799,0.0005254514,0.00024752706,0.0006616775,0.0002468348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998712,0.00029647883,0.0006423168,0.00023903364,0.000025403644,0.00008478748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018654321,0.00015808606,0.00037384892,0.00018106155,0.00011548536,0.000021274609,0.0004150235,0.0000825716,0.00011282527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012489938,0.00012122451,0.000056872934,0.00064675615,0.0013521962,0.00025311462,0.000052415602,0.0001822487,0.0000065774466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015805512,0.000035602054,0.0005852321,0.000032784726,0.000008782472,0.0000034974764,0.00030708016,0.0023379275,0.9916175,0.0013709133,0.000003428868,0.0035391878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005965388,0.0005906392,0.00028242485,0.000023611428,0.000022759801,0.00007634642,0.00020205665,0.00021348242,0.99772,0.00015924456,0.000010883681,0.00010199153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021862486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015135663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0061025126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041312076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004428563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49822232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2106312685","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.01.6","title":"Reuse of Iraqi Agricultural Drainage Water Using Nanofiltration","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Drainage; Environmental science; Irrigation; Environmental engineering; Salinity; Water quality; Hydrology (agriculture); Water treatment; Membrane; Geology; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.011311494244722263,"score_gpt":0.2449990566507381,"score_spread":0.23368756240601582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2106312685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99563384,0.00007118029,0.0006895579,0.0019784474,0.000084771505,0.0001945942,6.994027e-7,0.000043779128,0.0013031499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934148,0.000067612214,0.006184133,0.0000511484,0.000022536924,0.000004896058,0.0000023277562,0.0000066179878,0.00024590164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878234,0.000044421922,0.0006048973,0.00014618711,0.00024251538,0.00017965247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918914,0.000025694171,0.00040646407,0.0002481488,0.00008976014,0.000040794308],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025698723,0.00012829731,0.0002756947,0.00024208642,0.000091363785,0.000029688683,0.0003126142,0.00022705343,0.00063635886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013123204,0.000081654565,0.000054413966,0.00030323738,0.0002757181,0.00077694067,0.00013702795,0.0001822488,0.00005787249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011665112,0.00003421072,0.0008352967,0.000011478407,0.000014388934,0.0000028355148,0.0002787326,0.00061542494,0.99560255,0.00049978076,0.00063416816,0.0014594821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003961598,0.00027444682,0.002201763,0.00001551961,0.000024055142,0.00026044744,0.00065814774,0.0007700801,0.9890676,0.0054484704,0.0007662726,0.00011701175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003153441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000074194636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0065349103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050438575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009183682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69676834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107492718","doi":"10.1002/aic.12684","title":"Fluorescence‐based fouling prediction and optimization of a membrane filtration process for drinking water treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Process (computing); Process engineering; Chemistry; Principal component analysis; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biological system; Computer science; Mathematics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Statistics","score_opus":0.04127408069025753,"score_gpt":0.2622116281185513,"score_spread":0.22093754742829377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107492718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8177844,0.000014316711,0.18113615,0.00014655139,0.0000793769,0.00035312027,0.0000024475976,0.000049613995,0.00043399713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9649288,0.00003959425,0.03491881,0.000019293055,0.000022035223,0.000024517316,0.000007618148,0.000007155067,0.000032185417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993748,0.000020759293,0.00022310058,0.00011973084,0.00013919554,0.00012239811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973583,0.000017517885,0.00011284977,0.000076677694,0.000024244619,0.000032894808],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021931391,0.00007807391,0.00009432449,0.00005211263,0.00013554408,0.000017941442,0.0000711715,0.000059389797,0.00035263586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003501854,0.00005361938,0.000029347462,0.00006255193,0.000063500716,0.0004124737,0.00001163187,0.00005189561,0.0000023306236],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026960793,0.00021272745,0.020169536,0.000051002407,0.0000393267,0.0000024623844,0.0044889464,0.41437685,0.5490042,0.000050736573,0.000041886477,0.011292718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056211144,0.0003495163,0.000817038,0.00001866748,0.000029022853,0.000016746006,0.00015633905,0.17184456,0.82576406,0.00035372082,0.000030308689,0.000057920275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012766396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000074041186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27675986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006120353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010947636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38611156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107727813","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2011.03.038","title":"Comparison of advanced oxidation processes for the removal of natural organic matter","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Natural organic matter; Organic matter; Natural (archaeology); Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.10145217608278992,"score_gpt":0.3780750696255356,"score_spread":0.2766228935427457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107727813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968854,0.00007676661,0.0002784723,0.00040256002,0.000025514826,0.00039678233,0.0000012727091,0.0000143419875,0.0019188537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996526,0.000008177713,0.0018783164,0.000007729501,0.0000042106717,0.000035217327,0.000003958417,0.0000059996605,0.0015303767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992428,0.000034644,0.0001609714,0.00012261211,0.00026535997,0.00017362734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999609,0.000051723368,0.000039032846,0.00022806237,0.0000615817,0.00001062638],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042328678,0.00004333091,0.000083752166,0.000038854843,0.000073779906,0.000006307519,0.00036476314,0.000031854517,0.0015750563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013027796,0.000022841341,0.000015240504,0.00018905273,0.00030954956,0.00012608334,0.00017708514,0.00009589523,0.00017706437],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007090513,0.000039794693,0.01007567,0.000061652514,0.000004342837,1.7236945e-7,0.0016986154,0.000019790383,0.9844081,0.00004423531,0.00076704676,0.002809685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010659708,0.0000772044,0.010456052,0.0000059979607,0.000002074237,0.0000014500295,0.0004917386,0.00011785241,0.9860327,0.00093381206,0.0017432339,0.000031264466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057251633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006257947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027784205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021788122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007190797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108316923","doi":"10.1002/aic.11957","title":"Effect of surface modifying macromolecules stoichiometric ratio on composite hydrophobic/hydrophilic membranes characteristics and performance in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Phase inversion; Polyetherimide; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Desalination; Composite material","score_opus":0.00786536698732008,"score_gpt":0.23788190537991177,"score_spread":0.2300165383925917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108316923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977354,0.00015686441,0.00006210624,0.00010481664,0.0000754934,0.00023285829,0.0000045386573,0.000039841463,0.0015881268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99909234,0.0006485488,0.00014067678,0.000039593924,0.000019207042,0.0000017143866,0.0000059593176,0.000012293967,0.00003965467],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984205,0.00021247221,0.0004679188,0.00024394951,0.00040383096,0.000251338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913234,0.00024318663,0.00033482394,0.00020035959,0.000012750433,0.00007654897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076264376,0.00022025705,0.00040295406,0.00025089324,0.00016464895,0.000058703536,0.00020964097,0.000100870246,0.000059973136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014516979,0.00017886367,0.000051772135,0.00068466074,0.000102755395,0.00030743834,0.000048189937,0.00032973828,0.00002263865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003271179,0.00006461411,0.13114628,0.00005769059,0.000011809171,0.000025373412,0.0002087387,0.015873298,0.8394881,0.000009801064,0.000004939204,0.012782266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084091304,0.0014066042,0.4985016,0.000085845735,0.000023520715,0.000099286786,0.000012361609,0.03320534,0.4655868,0.000018227423,0.000024223935,0.00019523849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018556397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004752818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37390125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001490499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008484831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72938484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110159849","doi":"10.1039/c4ta01481b","title":"Hydrophilization of polysulfone membranes using a binary graft copolymer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polysulfone; Hydrophilization; Copolymer; Membrane; Materials science; Fabrication; Amphiphile; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Polymer science; Chemistry; Composite material; Medicine","score_opus":0.012645918020289564,"score_gpt":0.2391229596136774,"score_spread":0.22647704159338786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110159849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988177,0.000057336434,0.00023238802,0.000112665344,0.0001109164,0.00003815887,0.0000040092873,0.000015741327,0.0006110742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987274,0.0000345816,0.0010032603,0.000022729737,0.000083789295,6.749913e-7,0.000002085913,0.00000978819,0.00011569169],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989524,0.000043898704,0.0005171142,0.00009971914,0.00027297414,0.000113898706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990516,0.000026983733,0.000681453,0.00017640591,0.000022234808,0.00004137661],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003826462,0.00010087461,0.00026100263,0.000028638891,0.000037600505,0.000017586928,0.0002333158,0.0000944406,0.0026025416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015896068,0.00008512362,0.000047974278,0.00012407143,0.00015802935,0.00017981796,0.000082625724,0.000055369364,0.000013178024],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051395284,0.000040738294,0.00015901771,0.00008485471,0.000009851745,0.0000035974642,0.00004025319,0.0019412071,0.99746495,0.000004070499,0.00010996314,0.000090072965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029954704,0.00004289062,0.00018140722,0.000047090172,0.000023684368,0.00011585179,0.000035775785,0.00029081234,0.99835914,0.0002212447,0.00030031154,0.00008222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018819217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2304447e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025893636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042531607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013251612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112872989","doi":"10.1155/2013/646343","title":"Deacidification of Soybean Oil Combining Solvent Extraction and Membrane Technology","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Materials Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Extraction (chemistry); Soybean oil; Solvent; Chromatography; Materials science; Ethanol; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006332213645772907,"score_gpt":0.23259756916643368,"score_spread":0.22626535552066077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112872989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987014,0.00018384228,0.00045695278,0.00010889747,0.00010221841,0.00006561204,4.2008264e-7,0.0000556199,0.00032503717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930852,0.000639224,0.0062234187,0.000005903011,0.0000034853422,0.000030712366,4.0020825e-7,0.0000035283213,0.0000081146145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933356,0.0000046163873,0.00017719822,0.00019066205,0.00013899086,0.00015497456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977076,0.000020119129,0.00006187583,0.000113647206,0.000011153892,0.000022436008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003346206,0.00006735345,0.000102922924,0.00014560994,0.00005215618,0.000030631556,0.00012747526,0.000038339374,0.000064128995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013080922,0.00006275668,0.0000032149412,0.00035933353,0.00036256725,0.0010710346,0.000094399904,0.000041030526,0.000009541158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010068418,0.000005284798,0.00081176125,0.000024645371,2.7224556e-7,2.055589e-7,0.00005791656,0.0011937169,0.98358476,0.0007124114,7.083029e-7,0.013607327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008200903,0.000021878042,0.006077133,0.000027698647,0.0000010906454,0.0000073701385,0.00019982237,0.0032151244,0.98946047,0.0006733902,0.00015690607,0.00007709869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038085567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000049584455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013530228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035449688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040356667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2559143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113479306","doi":"10.7202/705312ar","title":"Traitement de lixiviats stabilisés de décharge par des membranes de nanofiltration","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Musée de la Civilisation","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Nanofiltration; Physics; Chemistry; Molecular biology; Membrane; Art","score_opus":0.07577506395601273,"score_gpt":0.31292491291104335,"score_spread":0.2371498489550306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113479306","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9567001,0.005713464,0.025192013,0.004737814,0.00021325459,0.00045766158,0.00002794079,0.00023505262,0.0067226896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8294777,0.0035248082,0.16389728,0.00050761626,0.00020252474,0.000075366785,0.0000037613897,0.000022341372,0.002288565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961521,0.00042850658,0.0005627019,0.00074642187,0.0005061521,0.0016041179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986715,0.00025381346,0.00024589902,0.0004312226,0.000030025421,0.0003675642],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003104947,0.0003548668,0.00030921312,0.0001588657,0.0012957406,0.000395182,0.0011099263,0.00031609388,0.0034694537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005685378,0.00036853223,0.0001503619,0.00095828256,0.0054153916,0.001690642,0.00016617929,0.0002714003,0.0006084169],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024904668,0.0004562693,0.07371979,0.0005676521,0.000024883922,0.000035115067,0.019026285,0.20162536,0.61429036,0.006984441,0.0012277946,0.08201713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042486558,0.00055698736,0.040019896,0.00034822852,0.00007494708,0.0005068937,0.0025713076,0.285075,0.6238758,0.02571531,0.020069407,0.0007613489],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023874545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009262917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13870527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027416595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040141644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115703313","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450780132","title":"Comparaison de deux types d'écoulements (tangentiel plan et tourbillonnaire) dans des modules d'ultrafiltration. Influence de la contrainte pariétale","year":2000,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Humanities; Philosophy","score_opus":0.010176233398621426,"score_gpt":0.22334178176967154,"score_spread":0.21316554837105012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115703313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993522,0.0013583226,0.0021884546,0.0012497305,0.000070855225,0.00009346494,0.000026307602,0.000023742989,0.001467124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957991,0.00009634116,0.003458513,0.00023478174,0.00005965463,0.0000041754906,0.0000022786196,0.000019202782,0.00032594928],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987258,0.00008624683,0.00036089623,0.00012166547,0.00020355648,0.0005018854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991186,0.00017569221,0.00010211258,0.00017231009,0.000023781378,0.00040744967],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006764705,0.00017949566,0.00019990449,0.00005708322,0.00013315467,0.00013609797,0.00055010983,0.00016186168,0.0010355569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003404956,0.00015997514,0.000084070634,0.00017077915,0.00071861065,0.0002964569,0.000015145444,0.00052870484,0.000039178245],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000189274,0.000028860424,0.0072078463,0.00003905778,0.000083539395,0.00008979446,0.0037629814,0.6475204,0.33334494,0.0014320946,0.0013063544,0.005165172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011071819,0.00015060607,0.051152524,0.00072185346,0.00017431719,0.0020739934,0.00038783185,0.08975681,0.8190889,0.004103005,0.030578967,0.0007040257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009380065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003488271,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55776364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008009692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023363002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116131630","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820215","title":"A New Method for Identifying Osmotically Limited and Gel Layer Controlled Pressure Independent Flux in Ultrafiltration","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Layer (electronics); Flux (metallurgy); Osmotic pressure; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Biochemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015522022896540156,"score_gpt":0.24629932626691672,"score_spread":0.23077730337037658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116131630","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8212922,0.00025591764,0.17428303,0.0033943248,0.0001198933,0.0004645782,0.0000026432854,0.000023254803,0.00016414878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722964,0.0000016938076,0.027551867,0.00006750692,0.000037747275,0.0000052851537,6.1694544e-7,0.0000082893,0.000030558254],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993123,0.000011456899,0.0002656192,0.00008663407,0.00014027859,0.00018374086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995292,0.00012484285,0.000072945484,0.00008011171,0.000013686828,0.00017921206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004302697,0.000082748404,0.00017154076,0.00008400862,0.000032924956,0.000055664867,0.0001886949,0.00008660956,0.00006140828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006323141,0.000063082654,0.00004423855,0.0001298921,0.000029791281,0.00013884269,0.000012641062,0.00024447206,0.0000018147115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045193665,0.000005173037,0.00016037951,0.00001413587,0.000031369986,0.000009771332,0.00048219887,0.24976808,0.7471472,0.0010905346,0.00011490334,0.0011310648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007299638,0.00009420056,0.0027672693,0.00013703962,0.000113535556,0.00023565562,0.00007488776,0.05733495,0.92367053,0.007058948,0.0009090057,0.00030436958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013977258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016787057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19243313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015781348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000966651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25724357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116645781","doi":"10.1039/c4ta01530d","title":"Development of novel charged surface modifying macromolecule blended PES membranes to remove EDCs and PPCPs from drinking water sources","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Macromolecule; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Water treatment; Surface water; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015569614897357316,"score_gpt":0.22632690372116807,"score_spread":0.21075728882381076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116645781","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99867606,0.000021402966,0.0006860229,0.00021635149,0.00007885127,0.000064709675,0.0000061317805,0.000020602833,0.0002298756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96442854,0.000013003641,0.035350848,0.000036039222,0.00004783794,0.0000015735424,0.0000041973317,0.000012604221,0.00010533983],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986597,0.000026090993,0.0005945603,0.00019044634,0.0003303642,0.00019884965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933434,0.000037388363,0.0003601361,0.00016599882,0.000024323439,0.000077838624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053928705,0.00015495508,0.00033707015,0.000019829373,0.000080331585,0.00006174922,0.00029795492,0.00009505629,0.00087132165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010125169,0.00011582092,0.000031355365,0.000045970784,0.00007211118,0.00013384629,0.0002483858,0.0000807996,0.000015766485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058481153,0.000035425208,0.00016355787,0.00007353322,0.000022364391,0.0000028151615,0.0010733117,0.0007954251,0.99752325,9.300155e-7,0.000028405875,0.00022247857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042685887,0.000015245285,0.00045211695,0.00009126097,0.000013552266,0.000035431935,0.00024711725,0.000053494612,0.99733734,0.000076548946,0.0011058773,0.00014513946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020732228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033497363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034664825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048805505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013875278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9540361},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117998583","doi":"10.1002/btpr.4","title":"Effect of pore size, shear rate, and harvest time during the constant permeate flux microfiltration of CHO cell culture supernatant","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Shear rate; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry; Viscosity","score_opus":0.0041376888840143605,"score_gpt":0.2071780161985188,"score_spread":0.20304032731450444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117998583","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976276,0.0005789263,0.000007132265,0.0004181934,0.000028214528,0.0006977982,0.000025372901,0.00016677773,0.00044996955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825406,0.00037820236,0.0005133878,0.000009564878,0.0000049138976,0.000036902442,0.000008297509,0.00001119524,0.00078345195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894965,0.000094257986,0.0002733064,0.0003058327,0.00015441456,0.00022253583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992948,0.00006612592,0.00018706748,0.00041322733,0.0000137174175,0.000025032985],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002573319,0.00017442001,0.0002641608,0.000052543408,0.00016954869,0.000008967808,0.00037393052,0.00036429169,0.00015920316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000990162,0.00011207414,0.00004277306,0.0002866076,0.002953766,0.00012399288,0.0002388652,0.00022324598,0.000035867943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063406434,0.000037394617,0.02766736,0.00006225698,0.000012183487,0.000020990416,0.00013046118,0.000009338196,0.97071594,0.00005716068,0.00022031991,0.0010031725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005231653,0.00037705168,0.017561564,0.000018418044,0.000014991587,0.00013887505,0.00006501169,0.00008393783,0.9804957,0.000016251539,0.0005942412,0.000110812594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017759208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037672644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010105797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035160043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010017111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118355033","doi":"10.1111/j.1492-7535.2004.80413.x","title":"Blood compatibility and filtration characteristics of a newly developed polyester polymer alloy membrane","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyester; Compatibility (geochemistry); Medicine; Alloy; Filtration (mathematics); Polymer; Membrane; Materials science; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015708375744116345,"score_gpt":0.2455395452627818,"score_spread":0.22983116951866545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118355033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945189,0.000008976131,0.001610823,0.0008225197,0.000105298794,0.00011574617,0.000027118876,0.00005071025,0.0027399552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993971,0.000024354875,0.005399344,0.00018592678,0.000032589476,0.000011512649,0.00006703349,0.0000075575663,0.0003006677],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988179,0.000027428008,0.0003906755,0.0002779449,0.00036660171,0.00011943751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946964,0.0000449556,0.00019261631,0.00021852105,0.000030459527,0.000043813707],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017156622,0.00012121468,0.00018695666,0.00007888329,0.000050883576,0.000032268654,0.00023536825,0.000075141295,0.0014608883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012764627,0.000115893316,0.00005033516,0.00016055268,0.00021052717,0.00025663333,0.00013687239,0.000077940866,0.00006368848],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000095294454,0.00045636916,0.23571658,0.00002069283,0.00017624712,0.0000070543465,0.00094516785,0.00082628574,0.7477086,0.0033593832,0.000119944285,0.010568373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011523679,0.000049862992,0.27381694,0.000015151315,0.00006211228,0.000016748216,0.000055937522,0.0010223591,0.7223838,0.0008094633,0.00039631847,0.00021896319],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025996816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015876033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03810036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006931289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022252549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120217344","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2011.2698","title":"Removal of effluent organic matter by purolite fluidised bed and submerged membrane hybrid system","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Chemistry; Organic matter; Natural organic matter; Adsorption; Dissolved organic carbon; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011078409445653543,"score_gpt":0.19503001306593043,"score_spread":0.18395160362027688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120217344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977101,0.00009748091,0.00009726571,0.00021809796,0.000036275367,0.00030154534,0.000013781097,0.000072404495,0.001453021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99851537,0.0000729672,0.00043275935,0.000049198836,0.0000032242378,0.000033021584,0.00004299254,0.000011310517,0.00083913223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992032,0.000048761074,0.00022112888,0.000244413,0.0001334973,0.00014897507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996989,0.000006602434,0.00005710646,0.00017331167,0.0000092669625,0.000054817916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010087655,0.00013700372,0.00016006241,0.00004390773,0.00006391269,0.000014393335,0.000060781047,0.00005714926,0.00058564835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025159482,0.00008988627,0.000023856837,0.000048405243,0.00010315393,0.00014055676,0.000053502525,0.00003010866,0.00014975369],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013111092,0.00032379598,0.015061606,0.00007825738,0.00007640755,0.00004626873,0.0020917105,0.0000028636262,0.97688717,0.000299927,0.00039917236,0.0046016956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009895484,0.000160288,0.00579232,0.0000073239435,0.000039237937,0.000103019986,0.00009241319,0.00016760938,0.991625,0.00006663584,0.00084906415,0.00010751881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014920389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068112554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014737836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009814405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020158814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6412438},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120727717","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.02.2","title":"Preparation of PVDF UF Membranes under an External Electric Field with PVP as Additive","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Electric field; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006876897836008514,"score_gpt":0.2772028345280906,"score_spread":0.27032593669208205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120727717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98254853,0.00015750522,0.012787299,0.0010215376,0.000061396386,0.0001982543,0.0000010312506,0.000073331335,0.0031511001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964172,0.00030072065,0.0027389915,0.00024375391,0.000045811605,0.000010315045,0.0000025808015,0.000013178226,0.0002274118],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983879,0.00010861275,0.00060628244,0.00026616472,0.00041730385,0.00021376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862343,0.00015044914,0.000744168,0.00029812643,0.000108365886,0.00007547413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004606786,0.00019159412,0.0003952,0.00041304386,0.00011138143,0.000031581454,0.00032306736,0.00029525885,0.00047647365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022287511,0.00014913769,0.00005169905,0.0005712372,0.00020199064,0.0007092743,0.000056305846,0.0003150762,0.000027472115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00087573455,0.00022796434,0.0027669715,0.000036370817,0.00006813023,0.000013679173,0.0004296819,0.0042133476,0.94955516,0.009923575,0.00046177386,0.031427603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009517827,0.004842378,0.0016590938,0.00003690532,0.000058061632,0.00054922805,0.00039334936,0.0027077007,0.9762245,0.010249808,0.0021266895,0.00020050218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034119676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000071379145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031227103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045198463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039681825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60816586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124782711","doi":"10.1016/s0011-9164(03)80037-1","title":"An experimental assessment of centrifugal membrane separation using spiral wound RO membrane elements","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane technology; Spiral (railway); Separation (statistics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.030738499758503842,"score_gpt":0.35265781633273074,"score_spread":0.3219193165742269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124782711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98531944,0.000016873202,0.008332086,0.00002290628,0.00018500834,0.00048741823,0.0000069256425,0.00010544696,0.0055238744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9701981,0.000005738404,0.029521933,0.000045010376,0.000018148467,0.000024313586,0.00006782611,0.000018587896,0.000100329096],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802417,0.00019090682,0.0005067381,0.00037374307,0.0006415648,0.00026289842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992199,0.000022757868,0.00030901778,0.0003448912,0.000032214462,0.00007125327],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005956946,0.00018564817,0.00019534343,0.00011638565,0.00015924597,0.00005061029,0.00020811097,0.00013240677,0.0016975608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056003293,0.00019437366,0.00005200664,0.00037144966,0.00014112833,0.00090408605,0.000041649517,0.00010919575,0.000036107816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012856434,0.00032581176,0.015534223,0.00001060486,0.0000095537125,0.0000017991078,0.00017932508,0.013850384,0.96572363,0.003980506,0.000027451733,0.00034382133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073314016,0.0001896067,0.0057199593,0.0000071917384,0.000017602604,0.0000066561324,0.00031225005,0.044865683,0.9472401,0.00019814206,0.00050787,0.00020176999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006981105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002626898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0310153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042621806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003557429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127588148","doi":"10.1002/app.22993","title":"Effects of preparation conditions on the surface modification and performance of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Fouling; Solvent; Surface modification; Polymer; Copolymer; Polymer chemistry; Evaporation; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007648128729520161,"score_gpt":0.23251604045754148,"score_spread":0.2248679117280213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127588148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961549,0.000095772106,0.00009734084,0.00024915618,0.000045448964,0.00019346952,0.0000017549204,0.000009139133,0.003153029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999598,0.000049132635,0.00025993428,0.000030778527,0.000011106885,0.0000040611258,6.743641e-7,0.0000033677093,0.000042909305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884194,0.000022747741,0.0003680459,0.00013057124,0.0005259823,0.000110733265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989967,0.00018971064,0.0005802396,0.00017241445,0.000035093173,0.00002585728],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056467956,0.000080913735,0.00012999689,0.000082237995,0.00015236596,0.000020647538,0.0002965879,0.000038237496,0.000029657558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025699002,0.00005485416,0.00002504614,0.0005066293,0.001003231,0.00036524705,0.00002627069,0.00008740687,0.000005714491],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069828704,0.0000571195,0.00043252963,0.000015634128,0.0000027374736,9.30562e-8,0.000263594,0.0057890005,0.9865958,0.0062467773,0.000063863394,0.00046303385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017715893,0.00020182108,0.02325688,0.000015827662,0.000012517985,0.000005130069,0.00009732643,0.0015582043,0.974087,0.00052384916,0.000011960017,0.000052294945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003115438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028705338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02282435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000348388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003580491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36964464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129015939","doi":"10.6000/1929-5030.2013.02.02.5","title":"Validation of Multiple Solute Model for Application to Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration and Comparison with Modified Resistance in Series Model","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Mass transfer coefficient; Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Series (stratigraphy); Membrane; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.022259586859597842,"score_gpt":0.24865095524429212,"score_spread":0.22639136838469429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129015939","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49920776,0.000015039026,0.5003315,0.00007722224,0.0000019839686,0.00020072148,0.0000016279853,0.00000615639,0.00015796247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8883387,0.000031162115,0.11149649,0.000010408591,0.000007462231,0.000065040505,0.0000061663536,0.0000064925293,0.000038115002],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991124,0.0000044512376,0.00042745308,0.00017673093,0.00016043634,0.000118523356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948305,0.000023220178,0.000286825,0.000100178186,0.00005842247,0.00004829362],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021239209,0.00009979552,0.0001852644,0.00002638002,0.00007251849,0.000020241196,0.00008171456,0.00008715508,0.0000020134878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023862314,0.00009372877,0.000016464988,0.00008455566,0.000056725494,0.00028904874,0.00002345252,0.00009234799,3.2857542e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015704267,0.000015389765,0.0000127364165,0.0000307158,0.000002115907,8.357851e-9,0.00040795535,0.5111104,0.48794022,0.00005497036,0.000008649494,0.00025975314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032530806,0.000011863561,0.000007364008,0.000015732177,0.0000067585506,6.377031e-7,0.00019039518,0.5883559,0.408374,0.0026515224,0.0000011511537,0.00005939163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009233763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028171386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3891309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005839519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017356775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38221484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129515956","doi":"10.1002/ep.11670","title":"Anaerobic membrane bio‐reactors for waste activated sludge digestion: Tubular versus hollow fiber membrane configurations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Anaerobic digestion; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane reactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Anaerobic exercise; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Hollow fiber membrane; Chemical engineering; Flux (metallurgy); Waste management; Materials science; Methane; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011218407916243038,"score_gpt":0.23268460407369082,"score_spread":0.22146619615744778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129515956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98992807,0.000755257,0.00033023252,0.0006842209,0.0004749335,0.0013523836,0.000053318578,0.0004983304,0.0059232684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98254603,0.00013047314,0.0009431978,0.00009071739,0.00016615081,0.00085764757,0.0005623498,0.00009900612,0.014604409],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965308,0.00011463312,0.0005233013,0.00074961985,0.0006366878,0.0014450067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838674,0.00016908569,0.00029374458,0.00078458805,0.000013568961,0.00035229078],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003295803,0.000567862,0.0004163986,0.00016218031,0.00070117484,0.00011548369,0.0005515126,0.00034869256,0.0057221283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009872914,0.0005521918,0.0001745032,0.00052219623,0.00085567223,0.0016580507,0.00040462514,0.00024448888,0.00033038403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00197209,0.0027681917,0.005774748,0.0002119984,0.000513273,0.000108594926,0.0010170019,0.012586786,0.9196425,0.011201139,0.008771156,0.035432525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019974962,0.0003173169,0.0013628701,0.000010363499,0.0000897104,0.00001426201,0.0020914953,0.00023150216,0.74580044,0.000085445325,0.24733382,0.0006652762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016882774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000112782955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23856266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00096853136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002984428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129521985","doi":"10.1139/l10-029","title":"Anaerobic treatment of concentrated latex processing wastewater in two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanketA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesophile; Effluent; Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Waste management; Environmental science; Aeration; Anaerobic exercise; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.005982718671643687,"score_gpt":0.19519776244752063,"score_spread":0.18921504377587695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129521985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99899083,0.00030554147,0.00014239868,0.00014376815,0.00021939576,0.00013877703,0.000007538233,0.0000062067465,0.000045563538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888796,0.000048323567,0.00097181776,0.000017368871,0.000034852215,0.0000014406643,5.6481525e-7,0.000016734108,0.000020946085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986628,0.000016649217,0.0005222515,0.00012860514,0.00027600754,0.00039363318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991963,0.00003319462,0.00021357872,0.0001738569,0.000022616037,0.00036048586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056329457,0.00017665734,0.00027392723,0.0004221378,0.00007411292,0.000055580716,0.00039389537,0.000054803964,0.00040163478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008959142,0.00013050591,0.00004521698,0.00050848187,0.00022490163,0.00048344335,0.000030719846,0.00027571837,0.0000028648983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008839639,0.0000142996305,0.008071552,0.000009015531,0.000012535608,0.00004695254,0.0012647649,0.19518167,0.7941512,0.00001012989,0.000017162596,0.0012118843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032906597,0.0011481827,0.30476472,0.00031801534,0.000105764826,0.0009996893,0.001549879,0.052438825,0.62485766,0.000016375672,0.009738831,0.0007714224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053176476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03201132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29669315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003768216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018235804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98565197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130365266","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20380","title":"Selective separation of copper (II) and cobalt (II) from wastewater by using continuous cross‐flow micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration and surfactant recovery from metal micellar solutions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chelation; Iminodiacetic acid; Copper; Cobalt; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Aqueous solution; Permeation; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006700317850759528,"score_gpt":0.19825811535097793,"score_spread":0.1915577975002184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130365266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988633,0.00036004846,0.00031734584,0.00010531527,0.00014331867,0.00009032741,0.000073766365,0.000009168386,0.000037438713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973797,0.000010458147,0.0025136985,0.000014358449,0.000040740466,9.036275e-7,0.000012875099,0.000010833611,0.000016431748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920183,0.000016774236,0.00030136365,0.00012389974,0.0001416913,0.00021441338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945194,0.00008898746,0.00015979672,0.000106337924,0.000031726286,0.00016120881],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019767553,0.00012330158,0.0001951494,0.000037528232,0.00014923417,0.000046474204,0.0001313179,0.00013483306,0.00010792858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012183991,0.000102764636,0.00003714835,0.00009188678,0.00020732633,0.00026935607,0.00003095697,0.00031528552,0.0000014340764],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014046219,0.0000063640077,0.0004803167,0.0000023765158,0.00003340213,6.6622493e-7,0.0005227447,0.011401566,0.98731935,0.0000042521974,0.000098802346,0.00011610556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022495518,0.00003172762,0.0005728059,0.000016101889,0.000045335997,0.000019502548,0.000025701758,0.01613468,0.9825917,0.000097861324,0.00012471953,0.00011490192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013073733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047331126,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114303446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000489264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60731345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130835625","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20400","title":"Numerical modelling and characterization of nanofiltration membranes for the separation of carbohydrate mixtures","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Separation process; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Permeation; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane technology; Sugar; Flux (metallurgy); Lactose; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008376906385232304,"score_gpt":0.19947095314951027,"score_spread":0.19109404676427796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130835625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.979824,0.0000427607,0.019441409,0.00046453506,0.000096099786,0.00009979198,0.000003499673,0.00000402824,0.000023843626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99886775,0.000006017207,0.001060035,0.000012637893,0.000036841924,0.0000031948503,0.0000019322968,0.0000056684826,0.0000058955343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995393,0.000006096212,0.00022220805,0.00004745663,0.00010057912,0.00008433298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959075,0.00009439564,0.00014886583,0.000087163164,0.000028576002,0.00005023319],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021742191,0.00005634966,0.00009879689,0.00003435772,0.000042585998,0.000014772082,0.00015360919,0.000056255223,0.00001954501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000102539925,0.00003595734,0.000031888358,0.00010046666,0.000103343235,0.00010734733,0.0000064267483,0.00012558233,2.2155137e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000053516223,0.0000014654049,0.00005762504,0.000013704147,0.0000063616208,1.1997167e-7,0.00015907147,0.1260781,0.8732007,0.00016280005,0.0000045408033,0.00031017154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057274665,0.000011821253,0.0001329282,0.0000070499195,0.000012277778,0.00000819636,0.000004293622,0.24402137,0.7554468,0.000104718136,0.00016208935,0.00003115494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029185065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008547402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11794329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018853605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031743384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14662977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135424261","doi":"10.1002/app.35281","title":"Influence of novel surface modifying macromolecules and coagulation media on the gas permeation properties of different polymeric gas separation membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Permeation; Polyetherimide; Membrane; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Phase inversion; Polymer; Materials science; Contact angle; Solvent; Differential scanning calorimetry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03347034259568553,"score_gpt":0.23669016474074145,"score_spread":0.2032198221450559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135424261","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998299,0.00016951663,0.00022852643,0.00014650488,0.000040051204,0.00017097506,0.0000015061892,0.000011347223,0.0009325851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994363,0.00007743754,0.00042173077,0.000041096377,0.0000074010013,0.0000035321154,2.3711368e-7,0.000006286303,0.000005978791],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982857,0.00002746432,0.0005010765,0.0001956769,0.0008137659,0.00017627752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884444,0.000075024946,0.00073244434,0.00023441603,0.000056672907,0.000056969475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052899023,0.00014060184,0.00022013026,0.00012870671,0.00015770074,0.000026982822,0.00047991352,0.00004964266,0.000035184465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061353734,0.000085785556,0.00003565867,0.00049157784,0.0014394704,0.0004441888,0.00012013735,0.00012258797,0.0000028225306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009456273,0.00007544362,0.0013300165,0.000014666511,0.000005630371,2.6201482e-7,0.0031680572,0.0037692962,0.98811704,0.0023149902,0.0000017012926,0.0011083508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020617073,0.00010944498,0.01997488,0.000046184465,0.000015904387,0.000012906124,0.00078761415,0.004882827,0.973583,0.0002916583,7.194093e-7,0.00008873391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000739645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008584234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018644864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046413767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041531668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5303789},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136094235","doi":"10.1002/aic.12168","title":"Mass transport and thermodynamic analysis of PAHs in partitioning systems in the presence and absence of ultrasonication","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluoranthene; Sonication; Pyrene; Phenanthrene; Chemistry; Methanol; Polarizability; Permeation; Polymer; Mixing (physics); Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Molecule; Organic chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.008711987726809116,"score_gpt":0.239262801364614,"score_spread":0.23055081363780489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136094235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987425,0.0000794786,0.00061644363,0.00014673261,0.000013412835,0.00007210964,0.0000018497294,0.000002660751,0.0003248049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99947196,0.0002132992,0.00029494334,0.0000059770146,0.000002044117,0.0000039977162,7.912251e-7,0.0000014357253,0.000005558561],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993938,0.00006279373,0.0002393096,0.00008057354,0.00015329504,0.00007019367],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958366,0.00012282026,0.00015302512,0.0001210132,0.0000063897837,0.000013064025],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009686927,0.000040046474,0.00010835048,0.00008429743,0.000026348811,0.000010628245,0.00014315564,0.000041020427,0.000042394302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077686025,0.000027761616,0.000015522299,0.00039486602,0.0001730671,0.00015025336,0.00000889838,0.00018044603,3.6007833e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036784788,0.000013103892,0.73677784,0.0000050903127,0.000008865541,0.0000011355393,0.0008664269,0.004845893,0.2567695,0.00024871048,0.0000017847334,0.00045792546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000082292594,0.000013860714,0.96445775,0.000013704678,0.000021906837,0.000012395199,0.00074807176,0.032598056,0.0015485272,0.00046707827,0.0000062292356,0.000030136553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003329365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013840399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25522098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009914321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000575241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.113208584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136637305","doi":"10.1139/s02-006","title":"Performance comparison and pretreatment evaluation of three water treatment membrane pilot plants treating low turbidity water","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Water treatment; Coagulation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Activated carbon; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Adsorption; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.03170420528972386,"score_gpt":0.22680342820994484,"score_spread":0.19509922292022097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136637305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993222,0.00019086161,0.00003234298,0.000036836645,0.00006115343,0.00014198417,0.0000025688653,0.000009657215,0.00020243673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989608,0.0003479365,0.0006295428,0.000003547099,0.000011396543,0.0000045432225,8.6672316e-7,0.0000057454467,0.000035633737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986563,0.000016066644,0.0003097848,0.0001841847,0.0006170987,0.00021657624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966013,0.000020615527,0.00009875403,0.00013227102,0.00000492349,0.00008327849],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005832402,0.00014076031,0.00019896058,0.00008758126,0.00012128265,0.000024132496,0.0001295628,0.00002965096,0.00040033957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014010551,0.00008174866,0.00002400951,0.000049286205,0.0003167629,0.00051424035,0.000087289,0.00007422672,0.000013462225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015244565,0.00015643309,0.020247871,0.0000104418905,0.000012020293,0.0000018541559,0.0007644945,0.06933738,0.88950235,5.723631e-7,0.0000027315298,0.019948604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005981655,0.0007113724,0.04778202,0.00002370621,0.000029787863,0.000056743873,0.000055924032,0.26698926,0.68363357,0.0000041768794,0.000029909403,0.00008538449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012328767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002401372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2058688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028735545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029196485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43834376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137287706","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.9","title":"Performance of An Airlift Membrane Bioreactor Under Different Aeration Rates","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Airlift; Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Activated sludge; Volume (thermodynamics); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015027427994509639,"score_gpt":0.27481539676776806,"score_spread":0.25978796877325844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137287706","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974856,0.00022276765,0.00034910612,0.0010801775,0.00018225164,0.00016479388,0.000002264311,0.00006508064,0.00044798743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977366,0.00069763634,0.0012987164,0.00008044324,0.000059416005,0.000006915046,0.0000065672252,0.000012976032,0.00010078215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984711,0.00007118316,0.00068811106,0.0001664429,0.0003421384,0.0002610215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988804,0.000058552083,0.000627844,0.00027198988,0.000060503153,0.00010074178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046785735,0.00019099913,0.00038537415,0.00035474708,0.000107598426,0.00002010516,0.0002654569,0.00028587543,0.000385875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000748422,0.0001464991,0.000056091554,0.0003817789,0.00033056157,0.0011860585,0.00008058074,0.00026808158,0.000026681691],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015177089,0.00031730178,0.04922634,0.000040003193,0.00003860516,0.0000016979093,0.00032959186,0.0011478112,0.93897724,0.0010299962,0.00023991027,0.0084997015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006684488,0.00081390684,0.025582563,0.000020919586,0.000043774107,0.00013282584,0.00055501907,0.0025713453,0.9680573,0.000296904,0.001079169,0.00017784248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010941865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031957694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029080011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060736522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015085681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59740597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137595799","doi":"10.1002/sia.1154","title":"Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface and Interface Analysis","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Adhesion; Adsorption; Atomic force microscopy; Colloid; Regenerated cellulose; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01791151664707022,"score_gpt":0.2807639630212051,"score_spread":0.26285244637413485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137595799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980592,0.00075106183,0.00045706634,0.0001636536,0.000011193654,0.00019018716,0.000001919123,0.000028038165,0.00033765403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983832,0.00065782794,0.0005189444,0.000025438048,0.000001992182,0.000006101822,0.0000013214792,0.0000068949403,0.00039822585],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990129,0.00005026816,0.0003198497,0.00034979635,0.000120800425,0.00014641134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961287,0.000053537846,0.0001262965,0.00016115174,0.0000112489915,0.000034874538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001705848,0.00013272434,0.00026753772,0.00013845644,0.0001078719,0.00006565883,0.00008479211,0.000051045336,0.00042049354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031167674,0.0001216207,0.000027110967,0.0006157254,0.0001416502,0.00084049033,0.00008478992,0.00012104924,0.0000067570477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034076234,0.00020839777,0.28266767,0.000054537104,0.00016409866,0.0000013835756,0.013383721,0.017845968,0.67901516,0.000004191954,0.00002529976,0.0065954695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023315435,0.00070790143,0.14985937,0.00014864151,0.0012660947,0.000020124697,0.05354588,0.5106823,0.27965984,0.00025395094,0.0005814827,0.00094286725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006692203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003664698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49283633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030851406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020367106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49595484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137873647","doi":"10.5539/mas.v4n11p147","title":"Effect of Rejection Performance on Hollow Fiber Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Alcohols Additives","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Thin-film composite membrane; Vinyl alcohol; Composite number; Alcohol; Fiber; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.005660806448623557,"score_gpt":0.22833300180823474,"score_spread":0.2226721953596112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137873647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9510225,0.0000022794043,0.00031712637,0.00006927579,0.0001077787,0.0004356109,0.00001388382,0.00013721568,0.047894303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978303,0.000009145945,0.001069241,0.00009075828,0.0000104408955,0.000071858994,0.0000065610593,0.000011970495,0.00089975767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802244,0.000028246961,0.00022290964,0.0006091312,0.00077253894,0.0003447554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990285,0.00012163851,0.00016034798,0.0005894497,0.000013047192,0.00008702925],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091466616,0.00019690456,0.00021279007,0.000105295025,0.00035085075,0.00004494637,0.0006928939,0.00010480432,0.00094005285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079469544,0.000163331,0.000043197484,0.0007036341,0.0015204214,0.00039684385,0.00020655175,0.00030693808,0.0006982348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008514529,0.000037188485,0.00049047754,0.0000127985895,0.0000021443684,2.8437898e-7,0.00010455752,0.00087591505,0.9695357,0.000032602307,0.00079218147,0.02803102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003542668,0.00021909375,0.0025991474,0.000010847189,0.000007852556,0.0000029014723,0.000008454383,0.013693419,0.9817001,0.000059889986,0.0011672411,0.00017677419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003213453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006938265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04699455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000795185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013749025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139437296","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2014.024","title":"Five years operation of a decentralized membrane bioreactor package plant treating domestic wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Aeration; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Water quality; Reclaimed water; Waste management; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.008224833665246742,"score_gpt":0.24821896714709718,"score_spread":0.23999413348185045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139437296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937769,0.00001808665,0.0007743335,0.0029157454,0.000099709345,0.00035350432,0.000009183294,0.0003997398,0.0016527876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916098,0.000057610046,0.007818977,0.00012609687,0.000012223756,0.00004973508,0.000039203205,0.000023592425,0.0002627213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831843,0.0001427068,0.00042611724,0.00042570045,0.0002652619,0.0004217863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989325,0.00017349872,0.00021645724,0.0006093064,0.000021143838,0.000047130885],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045826953,0.00019964384,0.00030425808,0.00020324888,0.00008508101,0.00003518268,0.00042358195,0.00029651605,0.0008861839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008686352,0.00014609555,0.00004500305,0.00026262333,0.00038042731,0.00054218085,0.0003033095,0.00025782723,0.00097406993],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079074154,0.0001083731,0.0009925815,0.000014189552,0.000026693931,0.000026615944,0.0007747238,0.00029330558,0.99316096,0.0005793388,0.00018462713,0.0037595376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007323741,0.00025769055,0.000427701,0.00001536032,0.000055285105,0.00013899575,0.0005327219,0.0006758917,0.97600514,0.0006656708,0.020286324,0.00020682465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027984084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005510518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020101696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009711245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008730256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139753542","doi":"10.5897/jmer12.047","title":"Aeration of volatile organic compounds using gas dispersion impellers","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechanical Engineering Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Aeration; Air stripping; Baffle; Environmental science; Wastewater; Pollutant; Impeller; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Mass transfer coefficient; Sewage treatment; Dispersion (optics); Mass transfer; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.05023516095591303,"score_gpt":0.31210371955896316,"score_spread":0.26186855860305014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139753542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98196864,0.000039580802,0.017117606,0.000088853325,0.000106488464,0.0001646213,0.000001099063,0.00008574831,0.00042735465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948714,0.000013679484,0.004977,0.0000039222523,0.000033723387,0.000005381526,0.000003063192,0.000016494767,0.000075368516],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862695,0.00005018092,0.00018994183,0.00016076489,0.00056821876,0.00040393524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994433,0.00014204138,0.000027833845,0.00026552117,0.000018819694,0.00010252064],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000990619,0.00008632776,0.0001203359,0.00009947689,0.000086989545,0.00001630764,0.00023450528,0.00010363105,0.0015530903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003892893,0.000080578044,0.000033329947,0.0005557559,0.000068171576,0.00023847907,0.00030594703,0.00027603636,0.0002009006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000682086,0.00003994707,0.0007766702,0.000014033689,0.0000037195925,4.032795e-7,0.00008078119,0.005211182,0.99234945,0.00074286305,0.00023482791,0.0005393132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001283184,0.00006592049,0.00065887545,0.000015853295,0.0000032946405,0.000003423986,0.00010143221,0.33605498,0.66201097,0.00013771991,0.00071541395,0.0001038182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000693025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000687515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3308438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000239513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000097616785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141385467","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.103","title":"New insights into membrane fouling in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor based on characterization of cake sludge and bulk sludge","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":204,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Anaerobic exercise; Characterization (materials science); Membrane reactor; Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007963920641312024,"score_gpt":0.21657218286797317,"score_spread":0.20860826222666115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141385467","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963193,0.000026517902,0.00035418087,0.0017739341,0.00013160809,0.0005219947,0.000006072154,0.00045729682,0.00040911118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99576443,0.000044206092,0.003809,0.00014525403,0.000022500017,0.000043173004,0.000034823126,0.000036211168,0.000100380814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805385,0.000047458256,0.0005311106,0.0006687815,0.0003034316,0.00039537402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987242,0.000063245665,0.00029290473,0.0007932092,0.000017652532,0.00010878265],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022942571,0.00032169334,0.00043330202,0.0009318204,0.000097394965,0.00002072989,0.0005786825,0.0007183583,0.000501811],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003214881,0.00029851482,0.000050923558,0.0015187119,0.00064288185,0.0001531971,0.00024423815,0.0005780027,0.00007119939],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006322042,0.0000909203,0.015743319,0.000024120069,0.0000056552344,0.000009174521,0.0002423095,0.00006673237,0.9730586,0.00068599655,0.00002260593,0.0099873515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009854841,0.00022918999,0.04240845,0.000030770112,0.00001252912,0.0000064313654,0.00006951822,0.0025030412,0.9458167,0.0003155107,0.0073038605,0.0003185082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048841524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013184659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02724189,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008106542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035033587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2141986876","doi":"10.1139/s08-038","title":"Protein fouling of ultrafiltration membranes — investigation of several factors relevant for tertiary wastewater treatment","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Technische Universität Berlin; University of Waterloo; Technische Universiteit Eindhoven","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Isoelectric point; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Biofouling; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013401064870529777,"score_gpt":0.1972176603911038,"score_spread":0.18381659552057403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2141986876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988609,0.000045340545,0.00082442723,0.000042183583,0.000042604068,0.00016428909,0.0000048089605,0.000007041878,0.000008432439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919331,0.000066404835,0.007947662,0.0000027041292,0.000008434816,0.000003659528,9.644008e-7,0.0000050784083,0.000031983633],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912274,0.00000828905,0.0003392186,0.000119853976,0.00029084604,0.00011904935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995968,0.000033323937,0.00021927466,0.00008813969,0.0000047157005,0.0000577428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021745704,0.000095276846,0.00015319059,0.00009254271,0.000072507435,0.000006114942,0.00012441694,0.000034095152,0.000020139718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005286791,0.00007007538,0.000046269426,0.00009646693,0.00044169556,0.0004273974,0.00002587342,0.000047518926,4.907296e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010944131,0.000022704566,0.009633411,0.0000160823,0.0000048271463,9.0265127e-7,0.00078920455,0.04177947,0.94756794,0.0000066280686,0.0000013831801,0.00016650082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002546964,0.00034715942,0.06905896,0.00002529477,0.000008287619,0.000038294507,0.00015214029,0.011645725,0.9183442,0.000026979093,0.000029676283,0.00006855428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008428734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4157918e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059425555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000103784805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014768289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28575912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142075574","doi":"10.1002/app.31735","title":"Performance of a newly developed hydrophilic additive blended with different ultrafiltration base polymers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyetherimide; Polysulfone; Contact angle; Materials science; Membrane; Polymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Polymer chemistry; Cellulose acetate; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.007117798438535609,"score_gpt":0.21243279702118115,"score_spread":0.20531499858264554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142075574","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874731,0.0000117239515,0.00011692421,0.00021071121,0.0001400015,0.00014039212,0.0000030686908,0.000022220227,0.011881862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760157,0.000019638197,0.002152067,0.000084578154,0.000027606866,0.0000069472994,7.620554e-7,0.000009027668,0.000097780714],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979582,0.000011675338,0.0004636277,0.0002630583,0.0009947852,0.00030866198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988025,0.000055037897,0.0006270017,0.00030782155,0.00004922733,0.00015843057],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041297634,0.00017462182,0.0002411233,0.00022316194,0.00018653102,0.000037668604,0.00078738946,0.00006403216,0.00080989365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025351,0.00011882162,0.00004112049,0.00093436043,0.0016025318,0.0006454585,0.000092697184,0.00034472483,0.000021797985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015661346,0.000070150054,0.0019556829,0.000004078655,0.0000075698363,0.0000025277996,0.00042784913,0.000120387216,0.97501016,0.0003607822,0.000031970452,0.021852236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046439748,0.0003023474,0.02238711,0.0000133022195,0.000015922838,0.00006886596,0.00022309109,0.0008182668,0.9754496,0.00004447017,0.000059928767,0.00015269089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001581589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034568795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021699544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066962086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021703912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88677675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143143150","doi":"10.1039/c4ra04638b","title":"Criteria for the selection of a support material to fabricate coated membranes for a life support device","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Selection (genetic algorithm); Membrane; Materials science; Computer science; Material selection; Nanotechnology; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Composite material","score_opus":0.02378462965072366,"score_gpt":0.30393775703312065,"score_spread":0.280153127382397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143143150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72741336,0.00006347137,0.259704,0.00448915,0.0011324078,0.0040467535,0.00024526328,0.00050569815,0.0023999405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98969847,0.000022072974,0.008674231,0.00046859088,0.000072305505,0.0004681109,0.000026281667,0.000015855068,0.0005540788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990492,0.000025768495,0.0002783958,0.00026080574,0.00015499469,0.00023086993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936825,0.00020858363,0.00014839983,0.00019441097,0.00003240405,0.000047965892],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036989767,0.00012047386,0.00018977388,0.000034874036,0.00014153814,0.000027634773,0.00029631003,0.000053041982,0.0010787322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040148586,0.00008687747,0.000049552997,0.00019770894,0.000108644716,0.00024442808,0.00006639323,0.000028642808,0.000060949867],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00073840196,0.000076916695,0.0018099812,0.00031345023,0.000030058833,1.7874268e-7,0.00037787607,0.0023975784,0.95054024,0.00045307318,0.017622586,0.025639674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027544828,0.00041996915,0.000857906,0.0000045005427,0.000021743866,0.0000025528716,0.00009924647,0.0021367993,0.6136991,0.00050317886,0.3818593,0.00012028537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003764876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008057939,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3642367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026418105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014730728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143922742","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22383","title":"Membrane fouling control and performance enhancement of ultrafiltration of latex effluent","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Effluent; Chemical engineering; Ionic strength; Materials science; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.009034301039326316,"score_gpt":0.18639614676953287,"score_spread":0.17736184573020655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143922742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987955,0.000090928625,0.00064917345,0.00019543002,0.00004362746,0.00005307984,8.183887e-7,0.000003204983,0.00016824587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992968,0.0000060818943,0.0006577392,0.000015357136,0.000012471218,8.902675e-7,2.5555565e-7,0.0000038151215,0.000006617131],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999444,0.000006375614,0.0002468972,0.000042374344,0.00015709596,0.000103254155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999623,0.00003418389,0.00012099766,0.0000760819,0.000024050227,0.00012169755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030894196,0.0000551117,0.00012512728,0.00003670046,0.000013746732,0.000006209914,0.00014064764,0.000034817433,0.00003225279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001426122,0.000041056694,0.000020737163,0.000080428574,0.00009753481,0.00008968937,0.000008197558,0.00010643376,0.000001464478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013804821,0.0000033804572,0.0010864799,0.000019939915,0.000012122868,9.299284e-7,0.00029234894,0.048969332,0.94872594,0.00004268656,0.000030383815,0.0008026316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029585283,0.0000627026,0.00056620536,0.000034787718,0.000011710166,0.000020026004,0.000015870051,0.02007327,0.97876054,0.000022784017,0.00009316955,0.000043093893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003136264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040019062,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030034568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090364374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004588124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16742434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144304884","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.050","title":"Influence of filtration conditions on membrane fouling and scouring aeration effectiveness in submerged membrane bioreactors to treat municipal wastewater","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aeration; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Permeation; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04044704685412874,"score_gpt":0.3406235127499164,"score_spread":0.30017646589578767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144304884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978787,0.0000036551921,0.000005836344,0.00047446587,0.000011184456,0.0006633961,0.000004061321,0.000040277475,0.00091845443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996575,0.000014805031,0.00008413917,0.000023992901,0.000008619314,0.00007065721,0.000020463183,0.000008869841,0.000110930065],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822307,0.00029491397,0.00026107673,0.00035684544,0.00048192934,0.00038217416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949765,0.00007692497,0.000025851907,0.0002980193,0.000027606346,0.00007395029],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001189132,0.00012695175,0.00017520892,0.00037935615,0.00015387952,0.000045846686,0.00020057098,0.000094876625,0.0001271844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016842806,0.00009569559,0.000020379042,0.00043638714,0.00018116312,0.0003920971,0.00010058874,0.0002364116,0.00010341561],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120853605,0.00006586766,0.004370087,0.000028011766,0.0000019092097,0.000005273483,0.0011171286,0.07624962,0.91768855,0.00007454039,0.0000050779495,0.0002730573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035996712,0.00031000792,0.0965973,0.00007076096,0.0000021981482,0.0000015717292,0.00012727453,0.00059945165,0.90149516,0.00031848857,0.000017972015,0.00009985652],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075753673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030847808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09222721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014396112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3902353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146582327","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2009.683","title":"Bench-scale assessment of membrane pre-treatment and seasonal fouling potential variations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Ultrafiltration (renal); Water treatment; Water quality; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.009700802475438454,"score_gpt":0.26624625631760046,"score_spread":0.256545453842162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146582327","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930781,0.000033260163,0.003368431,0.0018476826,0.000035660592,0.0003565486,0.000016783993,0.0000633712,0.001200131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991509,0.00019576903,0.007520006,0.000054639004,0.000012434216,0.000032254768,0.00008711056,0.0000051310617,0.0005836157],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919105,0.00003807784,0.00020080147,0.0002578824,0.00016223725,0.00014996939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997125,0.000015388223,0.00005989741,0.00014097537,0.000012652877,0.00005854585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008694122,0.00014570073,0.00015692052,0.00005291851,0.0001384668,0.000035575005,0.00004465174,0.000061717255,0.00022479804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003032961,0.00009607688,0.000036127138,0.000062341634,0.00007520009,0.00020511328,0.000029803015,0.000025748379,0.000008612732],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000107468804,0.0027385682,0.078243315,0.000025892561,0.00022565493,0.000015257621,0.0049322275,0.0114682745,0.6446789,0.008290157,0.000076832526,0.24919747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027198948,0.0019264002,0.4283855,0.000012402713,0.0001753019,0.000028215934,0.00011706978,0.038502935,0.523514,0.002982091,0.0013432659,0.0002929572],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013479391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003556213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35014218,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018984948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008825062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39179015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146828666","doi":"10.1002/btpr.378","title":"Probing protein colloidal behavior in membrane‐based separation processes using spectrofluorometric Rayleigh scattering data","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology Progress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Rayleigh scattering; Scattering; Chemistry; Static light scattering; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Light scattering; Colloid; Dynamic light scattering; Membrane; Fouling; Size-exclusion chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Chemical physics; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Optics; Nanoparticle; Physics; Biochemistry; Physical chemistry; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.03832638410639248,"score_gpt":0.31154651089287105,"score_spread":0.27322012678647856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146828666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99521136,0.00009410106,0.0005630598,0.0010604605,0.0001266665,0.0019885963,0.00001724799,0.00081954745,0.00011894787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9602017,0.000006966094,0.039198358,0.000027715501,0.00002605929,0.0004168809,0.00004420673,0.000034692897,0.000043453216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99756813,0.000044472825,0.0004626588,0.00096936367,0.00036921562,0.00058612943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982844,0.000038472816,0.00027186962,0.0013281599,0.000022288761,0.00005478754],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004959964,0.00029779878,0.00029877207,0.0007091872,0.00020759244,0.000097372525,0.0015801715,0.0006957104,0.00028372553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044058668,0.00029407398,0.000027685563,0.002903634,0.00094306935,0.0006726955,0.00089607376,0.00070813036,0.00009413795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025681442,0.00022961726,0.030779013,0.00007465125,0.0000047042863,0.000030636675,0.00002316163,0.000068679445,0.9634227,0.00007765208,0.000016850045,0.005246637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049585634,0.000109264736,0.002552531,0.00003971082,0.00001823948,0.000044146043,0.000047394813,0.004272313,0.99092674,0.000060206414,0.0010834244,0.00035018238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000107071755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006928572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0386353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016699718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010222541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148417520","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.04.9","title":"Investigation of Best Operating Conditions for Treatment of Oily Wastewters with Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltartion Membranes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fiber; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01774785607944054,"score_gpt":0.2633063843338767,"score_spread":0.24555852825443616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148417520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99634343,0.00007282475,0.001808454,0.0010091849,0.000039634953,0.00033487251,0.000008872258,0.000027716593,0.00035499292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99182934,0.00014599324,0.007720021,0.000026987653,0.000020522986,0.000031455904,0.000012904519,0.000010194661,0.00020257119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988167,0.00004975097,0.0006293505,0.00016610412,0.00020526315,0.0001328209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880326,0.00013999363,0.0007209363,0.00018037563,0.00011195778,0.00004345113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025702306,0.00014427345,0.00039781796,0.0002783166,0.00010192439,0.000013034215,0.00012734237,0.00016592653,0.00009251579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012205121,0.0001080529,0.00006229957,0.0003209706,0.00045654515,0.0003408115,0.000015341717,0.000062189014,0.0000051422107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013349834,0.00008427409,0.004658592,0.000074521115,0.000055793458,0.0000010044926,0.00046614613,0.008005143,0.97990066,0.0007171521,0.00009527833,0.005807938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018642361,0.0034404171,0.0006562777,0.000058633563,0.00009674799,0.00008433933,0.0006032194,0.0023011626,0.98853695,0.0010687547,0.0011724534,0.00011677885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018228619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034730878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008636321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004442157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002611145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44062692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149605283","doi":"10.1139/s02-028","title":"Effects of chloramination and site specific issues on nanofiltration flux loss and foulant characteristics","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chloramination; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental chemistry; Chloramine; Brackish water; Ammonium; Biofouling; Nitrification; Organic matter; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chlorine; Salinity; Nitrogen; Oceanography; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.00511579430410474,"score_gpt":0.18235253660724424,"score_spread":0.1772367423031395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149605283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991942,0.00034522597,0.00019900418,0.000083473045,0.000060440172,0.000057791265,0.0000018037082,0.0000062928375,0.000051746665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99729544,0.0014600419,0.0011162922,0.000009238072,0.000014407251,6.4666676e-7,2.8717736e-7,0.0000037063407,0.000099916586],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993357,0.000006916364,0.00017257336,0.00012380708,0.00026544544,0.00009553333],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972826,0.000038288134,0.00011332074,0.000061848754,0.000002275085,0.000056020694],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019555166,0.00007908283,0.00011141871,0.000079471225,0.00006149093,0.000030760297,0.00007319695,0.000029338657,0.000048358834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046196834,0.0000669199,0.000010999579,0.000079087,0.00036888776,0.00026504303,0.000051372146,0.0000738512,0.0000054082866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005035985,0.00003932901,0.0043280404,0.000017289483,0.000001525577,0.000007779818,0.0003084573,0.00037794362,0.9835056,0.00006010806,0.00002014766,0.011328717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030329783,0.00044233754,0.62038267,0.00005642375,0.000008863165,0.00012296905,0.000047385834,0.015330466,0.36189225,0.000029571365,0.0012547267,0.00012906232],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.5439067e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.8570034e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6216134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043580352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.3382156e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27289143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2150986230","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800207","title":"Extraction of a dissolved organic contaminant from water into an aqueous surfactant solution across a microporous membrane","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Aqueous solution; Extraction (chemistry); Microporous material; Chemistry; Micelle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Solvent; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009425860708117186,"score_gpt":0.2025718443807071,"score_spread":0.19314598367258992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2150986230","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986028,0.00013259867,0.0006305055,0.0004201169,0.00011201391,0.00006175545,0.0000053829176,0.000016834249,0.000018011708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991908,0.000007988369,0.0007082432,0.000018197923,0.000034168013,0.0000010709504,0.0000030876313,0.000014330012,0.000022097223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991016,0.000016434371,0.00033126117,0.00010390675,0.0001735804,0.00027324277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944985,0.000038856848,0.00011730184,0.0001863727,0.00002100663,0.00018658361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021046014,0.00011102703,0.00017908406,0.000033818575,0.00007385565,0.000030221536,0.0003148455,0.000098327604,0.0009047781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010485483,0.00007449922,0.000051163646,0.00009744912,0.00013978891,0.00021538403,0.000027065056,0.00026363868,0.000025735959],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007890178,0.000011381483,0.00010783455,0.000004673717,0.000013255322,0.00002617391,0.0019156934,0.0023610597,0.9943169,0.000002032545,0.00003393977,0.0011992013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019333932,0.00004039205,0.0003249417,0.000020137677,0.000015149729,0.00012907959,0.00007579839,0.012508432,0.9862109,0.00005124475,0.00032907558,0.0001015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010127843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051227845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010147372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003732069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016723314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151273409","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0036","title":"Optimization of phosphorus removal in secondary effluent using immersed ultrafiltration membranes with in-line coagulant pretreatment  —  implications for advanced water treatment and reuse applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Effluent; Flocculation; Alum; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ferric; Phosphorus; Chemistry; Chloride; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Coagulation; Ferrous; Membrane; Suspended solids; Sedimentation; Settling; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008126845415791775,"score_gpt":0.2167477905190715,"score_spread":0.20862094510327972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151273409","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892859,0.00023471355,0.0098147625,0.00012316133,0.000011787361,0.0005037457,0.000005897436,0.00000497346,0.00001504414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9564237,0.00046369937,0.043034468,0.0000064981114,0.0000031490147,0.00005216663,0.000002948513,0.0000058840064,0.000007466771],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992853,0.0000065062254,0.00028685626,0.00016912274,0.000110506735,0.00014175635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966246,0.000031282605,0.00010938626,0.00013860856,0.000006194143,0.000052063475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015409262,0.00010008717,0.0001469205,0.00011983029,0.00006259499,0.00001787162,0.00010605923,0.00002823086,0.0000182566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012961351,0.000069368594,0.000015795249,0.00013793379,0.0001950534,0.0005080795,0.000033886976,0.00004692245,3.6934526e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000143805255,0.000072351424,0.0023335074,0.000006099002,0.0000030328752,4.204345e-7,0.00017460136,0.4282575,0.56576836,0.000008334739,1.4921363e-7,0.0033612556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025176047,0.0008095825,0.07913086,0.00005545119,0.000029972734,0.00019128907,0.0004898093,0.13778932,0.778582,0.00008121821,0.00010771411,0.0002151953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037720623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038694234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2904682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002536637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012913481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28287694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151786513","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2014.03.03.1","title":"RO Membrane to Remove Sulfate: an Inland Brackish Water Desalination Pilot Study","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Brackish water; Desalination; Sulfate; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Salinity; Geology; Oceanography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01672873512677995,"score_gpt":0.2823854511275811,"score_spread":0.26565671600080115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151786513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99059844,0.000021383465,0.0034152768,0.0037947153,0.00017909301,0.00046206533,0.0000015909392,0.00015063435,0.0013768146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966346,0.00004960504,0.0023911337,0.000377966,0.00008218373,0.000016697732,0.0000066210964,0.00002227709,0.0004188924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977387,0.00021199949,0.0008136675,0.0003954609,0.0005098206,0.00033030505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988509,0.00007232932,0.00034872687,0.00045001824,0.00012566031,0.0001523927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016061771,0.00024067952,0.00045263427,0.00059484073,0.00020727632,0.00013085903,0.0005099236,0.00021647682,0.000278789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044896564,0.00017982145,0.000037247246,0.00054710935,0.00018119134,0.0011141377,0.00019170667,0.0004053307,0.00016055582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005043151,0.0007991798,0.01301849,0.000018541536,0.00003946323,0.000028559683,0.0010722836,0.002655151,0.95781535,0.00093080936,0.0011482716,0.021969583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00312541,0.014180037,0.013405789,0.0000249565,0.00008588017,0.0003949776,0.0012953487,0.0020504172,0.94497716,0.0049921623,0.01496715,0.0005006956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047279675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001580205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021468887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008804714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013490256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7332906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153785254","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.01.6","title":"Full-Factorial Experimental Design to Determine the Impacts of Influential Parameters on the Porosity and Mechanical Strength of LLDEP Microporous Membrane Fabricated via Thermally Induced Phase Separation Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microporous material; Porosity; Materials science; Diluent; Factorial experiment; Polymer; Membrane; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Fractional factorial design; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03263012696702327,"score_gpt":0.32606794799811534,"score_spread":0.29343782103109206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153785254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98273647,0.000105309926,0.015433348,0.00085919816,0.00017985617,0.0006182522,0.0000061414357,0.000032027998,0.000029407622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99367476,0.00005653616,0.0060440744,0.00014147145,0.00004307094,0.000016970003,0.0000022843208,0.000014339034,0.0000065066833],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99777013,0.00037347086,0.00088631775,0.00022652565,0.00045411664,0.00028943823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807936,0.00042579573,0.0009575367,0.00035590702,0.00006997163,0.0001114251],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014071787,0.00024908344,0.00048760747,0.00024879046,0.00016156338,0.000029258938,0.00040724996,0.00030349276,0.000113946524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039376682,0.00015248709,0.00008494396,0.00047995764,0.000311969,0.00037578677,0.00016217999,0.00037077794,0.000005803451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00116718,0.00033330507,0.00011991621,0.0000070305055,0.000067201094,0.0000023083985,0.00091996294,0.00030591423,0.9887708,0.00025403377,0.00008944615,0.007962933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014403514,0.0030443685,0.0003543017,0.000016219341,0.00007753145,0.00018227914,0.00047045737,0.0011947523,0.9927829,0.00020568115,0.000083577135,0.00014761664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005250996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013822783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010938288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000073869414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030454989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6218243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153929549","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2013.02.02.3","title":"Study of Membrane Transport for Hemodiafilter and Reverse Osmosis Module","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemistry; Mass transfer; Forward osmosis; Desalination; Osmosis; Mass transfer coefficient; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.015575767644270657,"score_gpt":0.263003928556549,"score_spread":0.24742816091227837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153929549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99613255,0.00010098104,0.0010062291,0.0015965062,0.000066314846,0.00072445994,0.000003818186,0.000043929806,0.0003251814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956348,0.0002558254,0.0036573287,0.00009071841,0.000016278069,0.000048538303,0.0000017878212,0.000012266203,0.00028248847],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985908,0.00003541496,0.00070157845,0.00023936786,0.00024656212,0.0001862703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990704,0.00007189766,0.00046382952,0.00024576325,0.000084785315,0.00006334183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036303667,0.0001654881,0.00045088978,0.0003038544,0.000097000884,0.000016296615,0.00022987285,0.00021988494,0.00028341563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000096570766,0.00013658786,0.000057297722,0.0003192371,0.0002720235,0.0005027458,0.000059564925,0.00019030353,0.000010648387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037851947,0.0011635553,0.066753566,0.00019040749,0.00024622717,0.00002573728,0.0028099425,0.0025533503,0.89163584,0.0010205521,0.004919869,0.028302427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00856418,0.0065544047,0.031774916,0.000068858244,0.00034536805,0.000527843,0.00975395,0.0038137028,0.92242914,0.009027334,0.0064440686,0.0006962255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055880268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004475886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03497865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026651156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011732305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5569891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155515824","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22290","title":"Modelling of cross‐flow microfiltration of dye‐loaded activated carbon in a ceramic tubular membrane module","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Reactive dye; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Membrane; Materials science; Adsorption; Activated carbon; Chemical engineering; Steady state (chemistry); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Dyeing; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02011486466556244,"score_gpt":0.20860569398328122,"score_spread":0.18849082931771877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2155515824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99872553,0.000085484106,0.00077896094,0.00012914887,0.000053178876,0.000069578025,0.0000024385745,0.000007297049,0.00014839567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984851,0.000001960214,0.0014730258,0.000006125871,0.000014202899,0.0000011085052,0.0000011967013,0.000010213791,0.0000070879228],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914795,0.000014404261,0.00038230015,0.00007683341,0.0002019696,0.00017653205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994972,0.000032201206,0.00015379525,0.00014521462,0.000037311453,0.00013429223],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003200128,0.000089660054,0.00019440599,0.000112475944,0.0000113609185,0.000012380018,0.0002907724,0.000094083276,0.00002381199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018194065,0.0000757821,0.000040978404,0.0002803726,0.00012491975,0.00013366189,0.000017751523,0.00025180503,9.4559175e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008167002,0.0000030438437,0.00016644382,0.000006383428,0.000004277199,0.0000023836276,0.00016825688,0.5089774,0.49061778,0.00001200179,0.0000038621642,0.000029996845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019913465,0.000013871005,0.00004168417,0.000027580658,0.000004265536,0.000013957129,0.000010331174,0.3515703,0.647945,0.00011956477,0.0000079410065,0.000046351382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0050321696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015767817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15740708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003044009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010797484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7607169},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156438812","doi":"10.7202/705427ar","title":"Traitement d'effluents de tannerie-mégisserie par microfiltration tangentielle","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Membrane","score_opus":0.06473135244359521,"score_gpt":0.3078746230245289,"score_spread":0.24314327058093368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156438812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94446045,0.0058519538,0.019290872,0.008400713,0.00054260663,0.00046983757,0.00002685091,0.00017732702,0.020779364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85040116,0.0018447317,0.13622473,0.00074324757,0.00023080886,0.00004972409,0.0000071065283,0.000020594696,0.010477863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972848,0.00017911103,0.00047957298,0.0006512569,0.00041131393,0.0009939315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990909,0.00006474569,0.00022183672,0.00037719228,0.00001654733,0.00022874988],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011865596,0.0002758938,0.00022895484,0.000111217014,0.0009614856,0.00026700314,0.0009112051,0.00023251711,0.004281105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017782925,0.00029643805,0.00011509492,0.0009475796,0.0035295954,0.0011591355,0.00016620805,0.00021653375,0.0016485563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021903857,0.00040708552,0.028134273,0.0001642138,0.00002800084,0.0000363955,0.0054809307,0.07397944,0.71884114,0.004641866,0.015368502,0.15289623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047375256,0.0006256571,0.02232266,0.0002527939,0.000070988644,0.00034899454,0.0017288853,0.1335079,0.5965608,0.0071178223,0.23618026,0.0008095209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094150787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001832582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22081175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011868117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012484862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156469536","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2012.01.02.7","title":"Energy Generation from Osmotic Pressure Difference Between the Low and High Salinity Water by Pressure Retarded Osmosis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Concentration polarization; Salinity; Membrane; Seawater; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Geology; Oceanography; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013991808860993578,"score_gpt":0.22450882734432653,"score_spread":0.21051701848333296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156469536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97808677,0.0012132919,0.014626662,0.005448613,0.00025955765,0.00007765443,0.000026893855,0.00007698699,0.0001835906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99579865,0.00027094712,0.002524211,0.00022226387,0.00012937817,0.000029043,0.000046971298,0.000016804088,0.0009617078],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981807,0.00012180874,0.0007507147,0.00024466126,0.0003349947,0.00036710806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885726,0.000101142745,0.0004385563,0.0004838961,0.00007302675,0.000046105608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049483374,0.00021007816,0.00034473464,0.00032091216,0.00021053884,0.000042562337,0.00062965526,0.0004610325,0.00027670033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001944795,0.00013716091,0.00003677546,0.00090462575,0.0004195138,0.0004311745,0.00032931316,0.0003818891,0.0000035082546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033999804,0.00032507261,0.3083284,0.000012553733,0.00033599808,0.000004595126,0.00023012687,0.017541489,0.60826147,0.006791769,0.03333235,0.02480217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057765265,0.00012008713,0.02643525,0.000032879667,0.00013225872,0.000022057768,0.00010443676,0.001323733,0.8785566,0.024142971,0.06826755,0.0002845066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026102243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043110046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28189313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007181447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017595396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55932593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156658508","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.037","title":"Modelling the production and degradation of soluble microbial products (SMP) in membrane bioreactors (MBR)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":167,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Activated sludge; Fouling; Degradation (telecommunications); Bioreactor; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane reactor; Activated sludge model; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Wastewater; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.09691491611325441,"score_gpt":0.2963708433952595,"score_spread":0.19945592728200506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156658508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99693567,0.000024105328,0.000034185105,0.0021148135,0.00004981744,0.00043568783,4.419544e-7,0.000023816781,0.0003814515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99649817,0.00011983525,0.0005640394,0.000003758175,0.000017029388,0.000022375167,0.000004817364,0.000007307072,0.0027626946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878603,0.00011866688,0.00017302466,0.00028553978,0.00037258372,0.00026412925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963856,0.000016758753,0.00002415153,0.00027193222,0.000030091216,0.0000185071],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010789153,0.00006578225,0.00008319623,0.00012210717,0.00015246712,0.000015748776,0.00019324652,0.000051789528,0.00009064263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014878305,0.00003897503,0.0000100330435,0.0003952153,0.0006026848,0.00025045723,0.00019076896,0.00021141594,0.000067832334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029092815,0.00004464003,0.0043816436,0.000019829316,0.0000019864533,0.0000016606335,0.0016493318,0.007278993,0.9854873,0.000026021418,0.00076092844,0.00031860024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007217094,0.000032227097,0.000757144,0.000009763546,9.324235e-7,0.000011301162,0.00008735642,0.0038794302,0.9940626,0.00016074083,0.000874679,0.000051660663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021033257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001469393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008575321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006280574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012349915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3179613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157223242","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2012.01.02.2","title":"Forward Osmosis: Potential use in Desalination and Water Reuse","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reuse; Process (computing); Process engineering; Reverse osmosis plant; Water treatment; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.013151579006162227,"score_gpt":0.25611862237558986,"score_spread":0.24296704336942762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157223242","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960848,0.0002794286,0.0009479464,0.0023237332,0.00010227144,0.000120789315,6.962862e-7,0.000039861705,0.00010045636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956574,0.0006213837,0.003477271,0.000101138176,0.000026668258,0.000006179539,0.0000019524293,0.000007716387,0.000100294295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989572,0.00005169812,0.00043704332,0.00013065626,0.00018942586,0.0002339761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995183,0.000029740353,0.0001822227,0.00018591121,0.000026281796,0.000057581132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005575328,0.00011304137,0.00021180115,0.00037749813,0.00006943888,0.00003565429,0.00016605514,0.00023957629,0.000101833655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021990038,0.00008378021,0.000026825168,0.00022624574,0.00018760069,0.0012318623,0.00015875735,0.00023204194,0.000023930674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001872402,0.00022632,0.16798858,0.000028287064,0.000038297516,0.000030158319,0.001174162,0.00084683136,0.8034324,0.0029358815,0.0011296952,0.021982132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020058767,0.0004962856,0.05970603,0.000034502733,0.00006760975,0.0009604146,0.00081323663,0.001397171,0.91370016,0.009718924,0.010749331,0.0003504711],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015611942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027417944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.110267736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005315649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048179522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34164578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157289328","doi":"10.1385/abab:109:1-3:181","title":"Removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand, Nitrogen, and Heavy Metals Using a Sequenced Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment of Landfill Leachates at 10-30°C","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Leachate; Mesophile; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Psychrophile; Biochemical oxygen demand; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.015075843169263197,"score_gpt":0.23005427303408552,"score_spread":0.21497842986482232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157289328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981319,0.00089118717,0.0000561421,0.000107330736,0.0000062344443,0.0002103745,0.0000157788,0.00006719925,0.00051386433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903033,0.00033581821,0.009236496,0.0000125633005,0.0000038711714,0.000015892007,0.000016485,0.000008888832,0.00006670554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988363,0.00002291693,0.0003766568,0.00043334023,0.00010060983,0.0002302093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933267,0.000049865168,0.00023648122,0.00032387752,0.00000769884,0.000049422277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018572282,0.0002141719,0.00047769668,0.00004540069,0.00005997359,0.000005405428,0.0001351122,0.00050356117,0.00028350818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007076807,0.0001722349,0.000054474058,0.00020437554,0.0010938443,0.000024040713,0.00015097167,0.00007638441,0.000006734332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005522294,0.000063561216,0.0003117259,0.000031552,0.000050573508,0.0000063617986,0.000028412362,0.0000103824395,0.9974665,0.000520151,0.000012324213,0.0014432294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047914564,0.00009677937,0.000013531035,0.0000071182712,0.00005726773,0.0002754978,0.00012964373,0.00006529511,0.99701273,0.0010336204,0.00066956383,0.00015982406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004139872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035455898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009180353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092365975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000122484935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70235354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158405874","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2006.009","title":"A Comparison of Commercial and Experimental Ultrafiltration Membranes via Surface Property Analysis and Fouling Tests","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"University of Ottawa","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylonitrile; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Chromatography; Polymer; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.12233910245459054,"score_gpt":0.42997856253127076,"score_spread":0.3076394600766802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158405874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99811685,0.000158868,0.0004514563,0.0006577972,0.00001533861,0.00016985976,0.0000024905048,0.000020586582,0.00040672423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984668,0.00002296556,0.001311796,0.000008779145,0.000024364339,0.0000036949777,0.000007696601,0.0000059354575,0.00014799932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975754,0.00060066633,0.0005020035,0.00023176534,0.00077625294,0.0003139379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947083,0.00012914283,0.000102566686,0.00016258172,0.000049444963,0.00008543345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027541388,0.00010601969,0.00028602083,0.00013419855,0.00041985256,0.0001472865,0.00018079775,0.000076985925,0.00035323683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007466807,0.000062869425,0.000057576435,0.00033926548,0.0006882662,0.00034944876,0.00016510808,0.00034663462,0.000012792001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051953877,0.00011611783,0.34099257,0.00001469427,0.00002880031,0.0000016759274,0.0010380859,0.0014596238,0.65536124,0.000010427487,0.000082359475,0.00084245746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030898224,0.00013927218,0.157167,0.000006195269,0.000021080814,0.000018555207,0.0008581532,0.0028868068,0.83799267,0.00036836826,0.00013132796,0.00010156011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031473516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000776816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18382557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000751388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000905076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47578752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158646804","doi":"10.1139/s03-007","title":"Étude du colmatage des membranes en ultrafiltration et en coagulationultrafiltration d'eau de surface","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Permeation; Chromatography; Organic matter; Membrane permeability; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006239594775743572,"score_gpt":0.20892253363639907,"score_spread":0.2026829388606555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158646804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898942,0.00007110691,0.009330612,0.00009099738,0.00007435944,0.0000846484,0.0000023786527,0.00002906727,0.00042264877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828239,0.0004273825,0.016651353,0.000038650116,0.000013656924,0.0000015604809,8.0962485e-7,0.000008847028,0.000033858858],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988456,0.00006543425,0.00028255256,0.0001718093,0.0004216619,0.00021297402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994925,0.00014374568,0.00012899109,0.000113847556,0.000005363586,0.000115521005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015701771,0.00012686804,0.00012831454,0.000072725685,0.00016159767,0.00007825481,0.00021520496,0.00005871,0.00014214737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036672692,0.000115296585,0.000032835433,0.00021289292,0.00036678702,0.0010871209,0.00003354284,0.00016358089,0.000010545931],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036307626,0.000029933415,0.01997761,0.000005897452,0.0000031541545,0.0000040643604,0.00091025705,0.2678251,0.71068025,0.00033449347,0.00000777727,0.00021782701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036989723,0.0001647665,0.52806354,0.000022786631,0.000016053447,0.0005960184,0.0005775855,0.024995897,0.44414586,0.00018177828,0.0006461766,0.0002196711],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013730286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007819434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5080859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029156826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026673042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47016585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158790853","doi":"10.1080/07388550008984168","title":"Membrane Processing of Fruit Juices and Beverages: A Review","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":198,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Electrodialysis; Membrane technology; Food science; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Fruit juice; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Biotechnology; Biology; Mathematics; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05839949038244398,"score_gpt":0.37831783375701844,"score_spread":0.3199183433745745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158790853","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000027383549,0.9946933,0.00003121338,0.0009849241,0.000054305645,0.0016788678,0.0000119940605,0.00015023607,0.002392437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000006203861,0.9963685,0.0027703638,0.00030396975,0.000014858588,0.0003857659,0.000012036787,0.000036400947,0.00010190102],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99600774,0.00034691306,0.001932957,0.0009473889,0.0002563831,0.00050861127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818933,0.00035950713,0.00043534904,0.0009273739,0.000009702155,0.0000787521],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118488,0.00056602655,0.0037806523,0.00029306204,0.000057296664,0.000015895928,0.0010160158,0.001257565,0.0021414852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031960236,0.00042714164,0.00027134042,0.0014689548,0.002000258,0.0001731227,0.00053980097,0.0010591277,0.00052044954],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.388423e-7,0.000041927564,7.5436276e-7,0.09560733,0.000004216257,0.000008999314,0.000004879578,3.247656e-8,0.000009508284,0.0006890004,0.0005359739,0.90309656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052324907,0.000054262364,8.977182e-7,0.097702466,0.0002426961,0.000112448484,0.000003384755,0.000003532022,0.00005930487,0.00048516862,0.9009442,0.00033936996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014212615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001683237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90275717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011730436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004611963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161298571","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450800103","title":"A simple and effective model for cross‐flow microfiltration and ultrafiltration","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Flux (metallurgy); Flow (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Materials science; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.009469186363125649,"score_gpt":0.20178125816375458,"score_spread":0.19231207180062893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161298571","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899666,0.000104799125,0.0093388,0.00037874092,0.000019561548,0.000120554614,0.0000039204606,0.000008343619,0.00005872813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982733,0.000004810679,0.0016180531,0.00005332236,0.000020851749,0.0000056885556,6.7895405e-7,0.000005643583,0.000017640703],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999631,0.000004074088,0.00011830596,0.000060700746,0.00007502285,0.00011092686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970895,0.00007108891,0.000040177485,0.000050202143,0.000011169721,0.000118384065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015105038,0.000057076195,0.000068731955,0.000026233096,0.00006136929,0.00004816976,0.000084505446,0.000055831613,0.000046068108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002723798,0.000044936078,0.000018244707,0.000049130314,0.00008541792,0.00014321804,0.000006692562,0.00010640385,0.0000012109123],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009466778,0.0000047728763,0.0012902158,0.00002278765,0.00001531141,0.0000030529081,0.00086973346,0.3890671,0.599497,0.00029551194,0.00080835755,0.008116673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016825342,0.000018469309,0.00038079877,0.0000065917393,0.0000055976607,0.000058366786,0.000002895793,0.8639249,0.13486165,0.00040173923,0.000117315816,0.00005337483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000094322124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016899162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47485784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007165545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011142153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.183244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161321366","doi":"10.14796/jwmm.c375","title":"The Four National Taps of Singapore: A Holistic Approach to Water Resources Management from Drainage to Drinking Water","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Management Modeling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nanyang Technological University","keywords":"Surface runoff; Stormwater; Environmental science; Environmental planning; Water resources; Sewerage; Water supply; Water resource management; Drainage; Environmental engineering; Business","score_opus":0.032334253715551896,"score_gpt":0.237194082108261,"score_spread":0.2048598283927091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161321366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.697233,0.0000068429736,0.26454046,0.0025243468,0.00018916067,0.00042642525,9.781313e-7,0.000037946487,0.03504083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96903205,0.000008271374,0.028520457,0.00047863554,0.000092161,0.000024038207,0.00000606228,0.000023874314,0.0018144645],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99716526,0.00009432177,0.00077223574,0.00033139263,0.0011587598,0.00047800224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993167,0.000027892649,0.00012371439,0.0003798439,0.000057065612,0.00009478236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002065675,0.0002114308,0.00025633644,0.00027103393,0.0002925104,0.00019039068,0.0009682394,0.00005027391,0.000089729234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023743332,0.00010367514,0.00011078899,0.00011933948,0.00006374093,0.00026320992,0.0011514619,0.00017000193,0.00018383142],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010534092,0.00007864793,0.000065792614,0.000038106245,0.00014611325,0.0000134024785,0.0038592846,0.97089297,0.017777884,0.0012938804,0.0008432148,0.0048853494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023300485,0.000429215,0.000637461,0.00033784064,0.0003892844,0.00003163484,0.0046666223,0.50129443,0.15083715,0.212678,0.1252167,0.0011515995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024257599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069374923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46959853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017488448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011679379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42277494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162133421","doi":"10.7202/705430ar","title":"Nanofiltration de solutions de nitrate d'ammonium. Etude des paramètres influents","year":2005,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Revue des sciences de l eau","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Humanities; Physics; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Philosophy","score_opus":0.10361102866137357,"score_gpt":0.3268464366052499,"score_spread":0.22323540794387636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162133421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9398123,0.0049542147,0.037191793,0.0033792623,0.00019386134,0.00031186134,0.000024764919,0.00023964063,0.013892321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.795946,0.0028453597,0.19747496,0.00042690046,0.00013074701,0.000049288592,0.000003511957,0.000015887663,0.0031073508],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967518,0.00032179602,0.0004637248,0.0005950832,0.00040262507,0.0014649997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988927,0.00017872853,0.00021447358,0.00039034648,0.000033554727,0.000290179],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017446997,0.00029013588,0.00022806796,0.00015912294,0.0018902229,0.00041143506,0.0010142899,0.00030573763,0.0012071261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005440617,0.00031096349,0.00011987079,0.0011695058,0.00732368,0.0017563817,0.00022263547,0.00029748067,0.0014258212],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022971159,0.0003436089,0.14430618,0.00015965562,0.0000270038,0.000030445433,0.0064461017,0.5483792,0.22171426,0.017286323,0.0020565994,0.059227653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053654995,0.0005904689,0.1536653,0.0005341211,0.00011817387,0.00085513387,0.0020230904,0.47764856,0.27130577,0.076895304,0.014764312,0.0010632199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004443699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012594927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16028316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020061878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031652444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162302429","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22056","title":"Modelling development for ultrafiltration membrane fouling of heterogeneous membranes with non‐uniform pore size","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Dispersity; Polysulfone; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Particle size; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Coagulation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009721844681003608,"score_gpt":0.18148151645115135,"score_spread":0.17175967177014773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162302429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9250843,0.00002177939,0.074391775,0.00017928751,0.00004378201,0.00012565502,0.0000012441133,0.000012876327,0.00013930733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96879935,0.0000015539715,0.031102652,0.000026600805,0.000034665376,0.0000051709294,0.0000017553319,0.00001533662,0.0000128935235],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999168,0.0000049944374,0.00032881912,0.00008902147,0.00019198062,0.00021723096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939424,0.00014447588,0.00015566629,0.00012552485,0.000035162062,0.00014495243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032288177,0.00011440754,0.00018105553,0.00004865326,0.00006793751,0.000021885826,0.00029078586,0.00006552056,0.000036690155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014634975,0.00008078999,0.000048466834,0.0001170045,0.00007754515,0.000107949105,0.000009450759,0.00014251655,0.0000013501664],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012423878,0.0000025860888,0.00002266639,0.000033711218,0.000015409865,0.000001642449,0.00027187445,0.839868,0.1592674,0.0000394888,0.000004856519,0.00045990758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019564468,0.000035009958,0.0000059325384,0.000042349413,0.000013352032,0.00006815291,0.000013003417,0.272337,0.72665936,0.00006259999,0.00048094455,0.00008664718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019963666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022639026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56753105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001359368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084181156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.329452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162617397","doi":"10.1002/ep.12180","title":"Effect of pretreatment using ultrasound and hydrogen peroxide on digestion of waste activated sludge in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Alberta Health Services","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Hydrogen peroxide; Activated sludge; Anaerobic digestion; Sparging; Sonication; Membrane bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane reactor; Biodegradation; Fouling; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical oxygen demand; Wastewater; Biochemistry; Methane; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.009003807894309303,"score_gpt":0.23934096361089946,"score_spread":0.23033715571659016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162617397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99905896,0.00022869607,0.000008494807,0.000009761922,0.000016123635,0.0004793297,0.000008124095,0.000040506253,0.0001500207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994575,0.000054970867,0.00021395663,0.0000061323435,0.0000075552466,0.000059096805,0.000047530266,0.000029918196,0.00012333698],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981746,0.00022904956,0.0003392665,0.0004546133,0.00041400263,0.0003884879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999151,0.00008636589,0.00023937093,0.00038563155,0.0000043757873,0.0001332687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035764198,0.00028258367,0.0003461109,0.00015184052,0.000060673476,0.000017147993,0.00020010161,0.00014673769,0.00007417116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005201788,0.00024232654,0.000042183427,0.00026008527,0.0006047207,0.0005089744,0.00019282626,0.00010013777,0.0000026537966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005213733,0.000537054,0.10855337,0.000057917074,0.000025718618,0.000040451338,0.00037081752,0.024772087,0.8598135,0.00008758299,0.000003788778,0.0052163186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011713,0.002361002,0.008848296,0.000027801188,0.000029073299,0.000010697015,0.0012726802,0.00083617354,0.9851054,0.00006959566,0.00006243577,0.00020556411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084566674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002401704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12529187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00079823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014372909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98817897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164393780","doi":"10.1139/s02-020","title":"Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":444,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Environmental science; Emerging technologies; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Industrial wastewater treatment; Population; Business; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.006541397130616558,"score_gpt":0.18264780584260842,"score_spread":0.17610640871199187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164393780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99911183,0.0003359974,0.000014408468,0.0002717839,0.00003891033,0.000050072813,4.2057468e-7,0.00002066,0.00015593728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99713606,0.0008478093,0.0018871619,0.0000054609177,0.0000029513649,0.0000022561485,6.50344e-8,0.0000038633943,0.00011435207],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993091,0.0000038029532,0.0001714256,0.00014591122,0.0001783075,0.00019142074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981236,0.00001216428,0.00003640018,0.00009603665,6.9990125e-7,0.00004234985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001522252,0.000092570794,0.00011325559,0.00012840198,0.000051243067,0.000023823377,0.00013669788,0.00003285475,0.00011869254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019326195,0.000058475474,0.000014082497,0.00009291788,0.0004084693,0.00040592987,0.0001252088,0.000083849314,0.0000122897645],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035713965,0.000040452673,0.0062545757,0.0000022580507,0.0000018487228,0.000018908724,0.00044470304,0.008310999,0.9596077,0.000009003616,0.000005434365,0.025300495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010066394,0.00071704155,0.03962655,0.000031936623,0.000008573161,0.0004238361,0.0011098002,0.025853021,0.9250583,0.00013668356,0.0057347193,0.00029289527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016668353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7226176e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034549445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014531829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.5651044e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23845606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164522454","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0033","title":"Membrane concentrate management options: a comprehensive critical review","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Pollutant; Water quality; Natural organic matter; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Environmental science; Waste management; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.012165188395987148,"score_gpt":0.2307416849138403,"score_spread":0.21857649651785316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164522454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885494,0.0063967486,0.0011491497,0.001398484,0.00024711568,0.00036674118,0.00000271666,0.000040735544,0.0018489137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754888,0.013169594,0.010900261,0.00030497834,0.000011579069,0.00000840785,2.3033019e-7,0.0000059407434,0.000110241235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887264,0.000012402764,0.00028990646,0.00016772353,0.0004386009,0.00021872636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957466,0.000044166292,0.00008377928,0.00014290602,0.0000065759814,0.00014793592],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025714113,0.0001078552,0.00015894024,0.00006322935,0.00009512429,0.00004728883,0.00028083703,0.000022873466,0.0011752198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005824284,0.00008800485,0.00003600411,0.00019449438,0.0006584451,0.000660427,0.00017399297,0.00013493122,0.00013547603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058155306,0.00013707875,0.0008348217,0.00031872038,0.000024229692,0.000059978556,0.00011737704,0.010569166,0.966493,0.0016277061,0.002055152,0.017756943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037048422,0.001850169,0.6106531,0.0050233277,0.00044509748,0.0049313037,0.0028089096,0.10349764,0.14278547,0.0019849176,0.119294755,0.0030204514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028300656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.8590362e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8237075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011008195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004177855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165431192","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000254","title":"Evaluation of Apparatus for Membrane Cleaning Tests","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013856693478989929,"score_gpt":0.2441772964482722,"score_spread":0.23032060296928228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165431192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99702924,0.00005709539,0.0018707631,0.00003097435,0.00028194283,0.0001904481,0.0000046507485,0.000014313892,0.0005205583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98528975,0.0000148358895,0.014587231,0.0000070983215,0.000052644726,0.00000747881,0.000001259844,0.000015130001,0.00002459366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871826,0.000013664171,0.00037825163,0.00010486348,0.0006424267,0.00014252755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994326,0.0000735844,0.00027453492,0.00015444461,0.000010599358,0.000054216594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012019569,0.00010484375,0.00016459245,0.000074870404,0.000029755918,0.000008682746,0.00020549571,0.00007654396,0.00075333373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030983653,0.00009784317,0.00008438363,0.00007743472,0.00006692209,0.00026410303,0.000054397406,0.00020458741,0.000015936832],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008872455,0.00004261508,0.0008184131,0.0000065416198,0.00001585342,6.881602e-7,0.000056674482,0.10398518,0.88478017,0.000032103955,0.00005194564,0.01020091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012452143,0.00024489698,0.047184896,0.00002373911,0.00013912558,0.00009119167,0.0001224185,0.08217452,0.8656089,0.00023588196,0.0027220785,0.00020715866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016373425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029105704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046366483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012037769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000947961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82484764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165550576","doi":"10.1089/109287502320963391","title":"A Model of Membrane Fouling by Salt Precipitation from Multicomponent Ionic Mixtures in Crossflow Nanofiltration","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Precipitation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Salt (chemistry); Cross-flow filtration; Microfiltration; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010987578506121714,"score_gpt":0.19916960845337522,"score_spread":0.1881820299472535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165550576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899043,0.0001153103,0.009377814,0.000058546277,0.000078757555,0.00021611621,0.000022628015,0.0000701246,0.00015642217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857542,0.00006793913,0.014018198,0.00002455258,0.0000057454185,0.000026508045,0.00001223647,0.000012782923,0.00007784891],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983708,0.000012811696,0.00032347612,0.00043239113,0.00056828134,0.00029218703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950135,0.000052699583,0.000095259864,0.00028404337,0.0000015282895,0.00006513464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002172193,0.00016097567,0.0001457953,0.00010350116,0.00008839653,0.000031664003,0.00040431536,0.0000609476,0.00042391624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070003676,0.00016810437,0.000032386477,0.00030589162,0.00040380796,0.0006435093,0.00013158267,0.0001280451,0.00008758075],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018898988,0.000048959395,0.0010989071,0.0000021867659,8.852e-7,2.9292886e-7,0.00030872793,0.44641247,0.5515517,0.0000078339135,0.000010619407,0.0005555324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016537381,0.000016907547,0.0054447954,0.000009391582,0.000001946232,5.653794e-7,0.000024253237,0.5652611,0.4289254,0.00003220396,0.000013272392,0.00010477342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007233295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000074658446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12262631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034669958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004047212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6855097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167019797","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000341","title":"Surface Properties of Biofouled Membranes from a Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor after Cleaning","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Lakehead University; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Materials science; Extracellular polymeric substance; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane bioreactor; Scanning electron microscope; Chemistry; Attenuated total reflection; Chromatography; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material","score_opus":0.006905453887893528,"score_gpt":0.17583807049526456,"score_spread":0.16893261660737102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167019797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989928,0.00027975484,0.00008082907,0.00006300316,0.00035158667,0.00012356442,0.000014492816,0.000039933813,0.000054017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912649,0.00013833135,0.008438748,0.000015793163,0.000057596157,0.0000032089781,0.00000190712,0.00003437881,0.00004516657],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846077,0.000021538212,0.0006070538,0.00020262843,0.00045117695,0.00025681412],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992201,0.00003458984,0.00033888518,0.00028922368,0.000004799617,0.00011241924],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025475858,0.0002321922,0.00035304078,0.00009307787,0.000036227942,0.0000211147,0.0003756074,0.0001443433,0.00209995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080200334,0.00019250218,0.00014290573,0.00014673467,0.00020567203,0.0004906338,0.00015799941,0.00045580673,0.000058463967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007222093,0.00008012697,0.006364789,0.000019149133,0.000041432715,0.000016553826,0.00025134214,0.009398037,0.983342,0.0000026173782,0.0000102103195,0.0004015292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045465172,0.000077200835,0.04591766,0.00004551403,0.000037111502,0.000033225624,0.00016464366,0.0017520336,0.9505851,0.000006693618,0.0007107202,0.00021541415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059823324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019649222,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03955287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008965469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074299987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99881226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2167761723","doi":"10.1002/bit.20568","title":"Effects of protein–protein interaction in ultrafiltration based fractionation processes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fractionation; Chromatography; Protein–protein interaction; Protein purification; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005089859643624341,"score_gpt":0.20663572668577088,"score_spread":0.20154586704214653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2167761723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847737,0.00008748285,0.013377853,0.0010932019,0.000021145088,0.0003607598,5.6410164e-7,0.00020459034,0.00008071935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99335337,0.000024314988,0.0064978995,0.000012377972,0.000009202185,0.00007441536,0.000002503356,0.0000052297173,0.000020699483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994841,0.000009328494,0.00015814812,0.00016735058,0.00007793115,0.000103111845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998038,0.000027904705,0.00006682638,0.00008375854,0.0000064595642,0.000011249143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007524759,0.000084987136,0.00008618312,0.00017635246,0.000027066022,0.0000062348176,0.000073641044,0.00021300145,0.000033250133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017335243,0.00008281618,0.000009889794,0.00036482397,0.00008663505,0.00025444687,0.000023106008,0.0001436235,0.000012041659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011368549,0.000044289973,0.00034112614,0.00009893754,0.0000024434319,6.9988045e-7,0.000019677562,0.005369138,0.97927964,0.00032992155,0.0000031042423,0.014499657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020256452,0.00006546412,0.0028666845,0.000056182133,0.0000026639952,0.0000021497742,0.000019906576,0.013757447,0.98207194,0.000071872404,0.0008013622,0.00008179485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022285565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053448402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0144178625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062105384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000064559636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33771458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170039702","doi":"10.1680/jees.2013.0056","title":"Anaerobic treatment of concentrated latex processing wastewater in two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesophile; Effluent; Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Pulp and paper industry; Hydraulic retention time; Aeration; Blanket; Environmental science; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.008076383106607184,"score_gpt":0.21553973820318298,"score_spread":0.2074633550965758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170039702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99937916,0.00019909522,0.00006725492,0.00004387312,0.000054421125,0.00013762405,0.0000024634614,0.000012234061,0.000103886276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99644405,0.0001760534,0.0032299617,0.000009148627,0.0000079905585,0.000003852018,5.9288067e-7,0.000007637034,0.00012069333],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988101,0.000013318184,0.00038645725,0.00019612629,0.00031686833,0.00027710214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955857,0.000018480032,0.00017747973,0.0001318547,0.0000043263367,0.000109272296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022399233,0.0001466268,0.0002206114,0.00014812428,0.00005511675,0.000043666936,0.00022532165,0.00003432252,0.00042510894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016224947,0.000111681395,0.00003332203,0.00029830352,0.00045839336,0.0007007308,0.00006812613,0.00009412843,0.00001762284],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060529105,0.00008152117,0.0146619165,0.0000068637887,0.00000354025,0.0000095768755,0.0003999207,0.058816843,0.92195225,0.0000060409293,0.0000059196736,0.004049528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016052122,0.00081258843,0.29550153,0.000074654046,0.000014663751,0.000081203136,0.00068108685,0.078052804,0.6224205,0.000027631319,0.0004123409,0.00031582412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006625876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000056606204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29953182,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029885527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000156699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46546447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2170218824","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.03.3","title":"Vapor Permeation of Aqueous Ethanol through Agarose-Sericin Membrane","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Agarose; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027460784063339023,"score_gpt":0.29193424012763386,"score_spread":0.26447345606429484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2170218824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869094,0.00061406824,0.0032890257,0.0027000078,0.00022670167,0.00025192834,0.000003330723,0.0001094117,0.005896161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99261266,0.0006349636,0.0060125976,0.00014354353,0.000040516938,0.000007815163,0.000004199758,0.00001585086,0.0005278673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99806935,0.000082887775,0.0008675242,0.00024112791,0.00050952076,0.00022960022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985045,0.00006670854,0.00087391067,0.0003214025,0.00015028508,0.000083164705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006154769,0.00019803132,0.00049365615,0.000316287,0.000074217736,0.000021456688,0.00036468505,0.00037913615,0.00023120418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046596225,0.00016726152,0.00007645521,0.0007091786,0.00046245503,0.0006345355,0.00012386833,0.00033961097,0.00005596558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028795993,0.00021248958,0.0031572834,0.000050526436,0.00006537453,0.00004828879,0.0016970861,0.0032632933,0.9679704,0.0022877755,0.0037966322,0.017162928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015806297,0.0011641495,0.00040027182,0.000034028613,0.00006206423,0.0006535902,0.0013171192,0.0014212999,0.972388,0.007942685,0.0128029315,0.00023322654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037732778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024981362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016929703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101761994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058620873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68207264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173222549","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.040","title":"Enhanced performance of PVDF nanocomposite membrane by nanofiber coating: A membrane for sustainable desalination through MD","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Desalination; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Nanofiber; Coating; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05353158713446905,"score_gpt":0.3352025469976452,"score_spread":0.28167095986317614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2173222549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981033,0.00005375719,0.0010081098,0.0005360363,0.00003639472,0.0012208516,0.0000056466956,0.00009743314,0.016008763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97627383,0.000055183482,0.0029472767,0.00003392913,0.000017705286,0.00032099203,0.00005958715,0.000027461303,0.020264046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972665,0.00015865691,0.00036544362,0.0004251838,0.000980275,0.000803988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990368,0.00006897443,0.00007696638,0.00044849908,0.00027461437,0.00009414731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021416792,0.00015984307,0.00023381849,0.00011037501,0.00027398134,0.00006823212,0.0005685741,0.0001428963,0.00033971388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020861531,0.00012079948,0.000047671037,0.00047328442,0.00047156797,0.0008095365,0.00043851265,0.00018811783,0.0003226629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021658858,0.00009135028,0.00018307623,0.0001650324,0.00000925975,0.0000016120149,0.0018164237,0.00079307915,0.98720884,0.00041359657,0.008588006,0.000513107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008462789,0.00047817186,0.00001893807,0.000017706368,0.0000047089197,0.0000025585598,0.0006981968,0.0015007537,0.97105443,0.00093757734,0.024284922,0.00015574275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045195906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018533248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016154421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028832472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039055878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49260598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177628446","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.063","title":"Thermodynamic analysis of effects of contact angle on interfacial interactions and its implications for membrane fouling control","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Contact angle; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Diiodomethane; Surface energy; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.017669074933228827,"score_gpt":0.2788646783671282,"score_spread":0.26119560343389936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2177628446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99166757,0.000089183326,0.0062273405,0.0009667666,0.000033618195,0.00050526194,0.00003743799,0.00014265839,0.00033015374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994406,0.0000074356076,0.00037074403,0.000032261734,0.0000040745817,0.00009982961,0.0000063929383,0.000009138945,0.00002950766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992354,0.000025852338,0.00026330265,0.00024502497,0.00008172907,0.0001486738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991413,0.00024907663,0.00022398481,0.00031604944,0.00003392927,0.00003569725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012422858,0.000112598995,0.0003283905,0.0004975614,0.000044982622,0.000004482805,0.0002616968,0.00014779666,0.000023094646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049456157,0.000100569305,0.000074421085,0.00077180564,0.00022171179,0.00004861729,0.00009572891,0.000094029696,0.0000070758247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009081402,0.00010537712,0.014080863,0.000022114633,0.0002254498,3.0048272e-7,0.00017048942,0.0007899735,0.97314453,0.0063807596,0.000036733847,0.004952603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023019111,0.0013531643,0.08329861,0.000044784247,0.0008356906,0.00000634595,0.0005272421,0.044623807,0.86303,0.0027609083,0.000923551,0.00029397127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003267395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007982152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11011451,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006661825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073236374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41010973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178475670","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22393","title":"Impact of sonication on activated sludge properties and consequences on PAH partitioning","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sonication; Chemistry; Naphthalene; Aqueous solution; Pyrene; Partition coefficient; Activated sludge; Aqueous two-phase system; Fraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.03853414631433341,"score_gpt":0.23031463461409762,"score_spread":0.1917804882997642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2178475670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989755,0.0000376701,0.000012243881,0.0006515194,0.00002030702,0.00003732105,0.0000013043341,0.000007073704,0.00025705757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998659,0.0000016298557,0.000091496906,0.000019160296,0.0000107518135,0.0000011804234,3.2755372e-7,0.0000037702982,0.00000577407],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996102,0.000009787034,0.00012719771,0.000044488585,0.000111187896,0.00009716964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996751,0.000031160762,0.00007603409,0.00007438105,0.000015718328,0.00012763802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016256835,0.000053479533,0.00007886573,0.00003923756,0.00002384012,0.000017033011,0.00011909321,0.000033602777,0.000029988412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037652327,0.0000330192,0.00002147041,0.00008326024,0.00016433063,0.0000827016,0.000008032369,0.00013205843,0.0000041440667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020154512,0.0000047561093,0.0010855808,0.0000030981766,0.000013095775,0.0000024937679,0.00031361004,0.08093304,0.91669196,0.00017935339,0.00029677464,0.00045609457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012928083,0.00013881305,0.0019638573,0.00005556049,0.0000047947096,0.000030131348,0.000029262892,0.0017542975,0.9955507,0.00022292936,0.000065994915,0.0000543625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010044052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006700984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07917874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022293764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008646431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1518367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2183829961","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.052","title":"Influence of COD:N ratio on sludge properties and their role in membrane fouling of a submerged membrane bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Composition (language); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Wastewater; Nitrogen; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biofilm; Biology","score_opus":0.09916196722173327,"score_gpt":0.30425561852175004,"score_spread":0.20509365130001678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2183829961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979335,0.000057444046,0.000001926418,0.00039054276,0.000009882736,0.00042070748,0.000004369969,0.000026362934,0.0011552342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956954,0.000043369888,0.000058603404,0.000011198157,0.0000049630726,0.000045870092,0.0000036339513,0.000010840821,0.00025196688],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832577,0.00020016318,0.0003077362,0.00027157995,0.00055585644,0.00033890654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994411,0.000034876502,0.000044697008,0.00034875295,0.000057398254,0.00007317016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015662782,0.00011329913,0.00022032927,0.00021241582,0.000044799366,0.000018599829,0.0003419412,0.00008799688,0.00006027467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036073237,0.00006730408,0.00001908504,0.00034670014,0.0006733617,0.00024694763,0.00033676505,0.00024075859,0.00008698864],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017173548,0.000070556496,0.010812355,0.00004735243,0.0000046565774,0.0000018782572,0.0039956304,0.0042166263,0.98025537,0.000046411424,0.00002153412,0.0003558704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040016294,0.00022795568,0.0052925646,0.000041220348,9.628199e-7,0.0000014763315,0.0009571201,0.0010844285,0.99135447,0.00027172212,0.00028645026,0.0000814451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011789419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018222143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011099098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007094813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024445284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27445805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2187784117","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2006.085","title":"Fouling analysis of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Biofilter; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006994707506927884,"score_gpt":0.23920912152490506,"score_spread":0.23221441401797718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2187784117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847076,0.00010114831,0.0047731698,0.004115394,0.0000366311,0.00018081686,0.0000024706594,0.00030751544,0.0057752384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927118,0.00006190127,0.0068807625,0.00005186217,0.000008009497,0.000022822967,0.000030977877,0.000008039347,0.00022381527],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988822,0.000050513674,0.00034931247,0.00031961585,0.0001957707,0.00020262193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993457,0.000095005795,0.00018694044,0.0003292159,0.000028269556,0.000014860927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003314118,0.000121978956,0.00021923627,0.00042325052,0.00010003226,0.000026535272,0.00017233726,0.00021892149,0.00032549683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019926121,0.00009738881,0.00003932024,0.0009807326,0.00034280494,0.00064360455,0.00008867288,0.00012715894,0.00006360306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021333497,0.000072899755,0.012650226,0.000008985107,0.000087595174,0.0000043004384,0.00014980842,0.005415474,0.9744723,0.004121487,0.0000618399,0.002933789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017188644,0.00008151866,0.0038101338,0.0000023670448,0.00043084225,0.00002921992,0.00041686816,0.0024428274,0.9803486,0.0033971202,0.008719304,0.00014931368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049235794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003272972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008840092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000398929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000413815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39714003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2204947852","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.029","title":"Effects of hydrophilic silica nanoparticles and backing material in improving the structure and performance of VMD PVDF membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Membrane distillation; Nanoparticle; Porosity; Permeation; Pervaporation; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007600636937449256,"score_gpt":0.22461294659888634,"score_spread":0.21701230966143709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2204947852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986465,0.00036783353,0.00001657808,0.00055408775,0.000029260465,0.0002994586,0.0000021875176,0.000042629046,0.00004148328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994015,0.00018463017,0.0003561768,0.000015920532,0.000004474884,0.000016231308,0.0000024928124,0.00000438769,0.000014168377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993326,0.000040949897,0.00023819582,0.00019102372,0.00009928172,0.00009797177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995968,0.000040634237,0.0001572006,0.00017005338,0.000014823285,0.000020543523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017946927,0.00008430149,0.00013708237,0.00010405827,0.000054661643,0.000013534781,0.00010679449,0.00012961375,0.000012599331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010629429,0.00006429926,0.000005820583,0.0002712714,0.0005261451,0.0001686274,0.000088127876,0.00007530267,0.0000015905373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003427913,0.0000116997835,0.01859606,0.000072760915,0.0000022249972,1.6610211e-7,0.00043977765,0.000072849885,0.96513647,0.0010022467,0.0000060535376,0.014625406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029052462,0.00013936042,0.037878726,0.000009946344,0.0000072512676,0.00001045057,0.00021192236,0.0042443336,0.95544004,0.0016075411,0.00009507844,0.00006482185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039252776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003286356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019282663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014226159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000836073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2622048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2205495150","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.10.067","title":"Separation of lipid mixtures using a coupled supercritical CO 2 –membrane technology system","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Supercritical fluid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Bar (unit); Permeation; Extraction (chemistry); Membrane technology; Yield (engineering); Oleic acid; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Solvent; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.028083052948701986,"score_gpt":0.3101788862933373,"score_spread":0.2820958333446353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2205495150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97511715,0.00026508395,0.016832264,0.002445994,0.00015381754,0.00067995087,0.000012782492,0.0009161035,0.0035768838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99308157,0.00004826494,0.0064955764,0.000049876224,0.000030158464,0.00009428455,0.000046079414,0.000020518995,0.0001336475],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800724,0.0000890879,0.00067642354,0.00054886745,0.00036635043,0.0003120496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891925,0.000046490182,0.0001750999,0.000614889,0.00014147864,0.00010277036],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047585342,0.0002436868,0.00038855697,0.00063613115,0.00017645147,0.000036498488,0.00035424138,0.00068225403,0.00014655366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003334104,0.0002431043,0.000040809,0.0013523954,0.0010096516,0.0003502642,0.000114817194,0.00025494394,0.00020527568],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080407764,0.0001262204,0.009277395,0.00006239853,0.000022029504,0.0000040073014,0.000303224,0.0009125491,0.9197484,0.06621156,0.0010687856,0.0021830138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011573257,0.00037076918,0.000652901,0.000037618724,0.00005057138,0.00024200972,0.0035508573,0.05526851,0.92441005,0.0038621451,0.009949562,0.0004476615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005479383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026562404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062349416,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002039919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066879795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99135053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2211614780","doi":"10.2175/193864708788803442","title":"Using a Two-Phase Hydrodynamic Model to Control Fouling in an Ultrafiltration Side-Stream MBR","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Universiteit Gent","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.03077857096584031,"score_gpt":0.264678274423129,"score_spread":0.23389970345728872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2211614780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921219,0.0000018183716,0.0060812538,0.00049896876,0.000025351172,0.0007419762,0.0000032756527,0.000051484094,0.0004739708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944182,0.0000050388635,0.0052007004,0.00013078978,0.000017665661,0.000057686913,0.0000068334048,0.000018780993,0.00014428474],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851537,0.000015867634,0.00040824473,0.00038769352,0.0003930985,0.00027970935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996315,0.000008179503,0.00013309674,0.00016374758,0.000008287815,0.000055174394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028245748,0.00018314054,0.00017564863,0.00007498647,0.00029884212,0.00005312131,0.00027260432,0.00007993114,0.000063853135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002740043,0.0001219488,0.00004648943,0.000101258796,0.00012863353,0.0008583039,0.00010759052,0.00012176826,0.000038613758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033170694,0.00009806958,0.004366177,0.0000032749422,0.0000020927257,2.7530174e-7,0.0008408884,0.40142176,0.5930327,0.000020264075,0.0000065356726,0.00017480412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067438284,0.000077443954,0.00095437723,0.000007812869,0.00000883005,0.000007687591,0.00007742122,0.52017814,0.47733763,0.0005518406,0.0000064261862,0.000117986965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006133813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042920386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.118756406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029998762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000057271045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49729276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2219562219","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.026","title":"Preparation of Hyflon AD60/PVDF composite hollow fiber membranes for vacuum membrane distillation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars of Ministry of Education; Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province; State Key Laboratory of Materials- Oriented Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Tetrafluoroethylene; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Wetting; Coating; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Copolymer; Polymer","score_opus":0.02322075505440997,"score_gpt":0.30604029976521674,"score_spread":0.2828195447108068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2219562219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9667722,0.00045276168,0.018962976,0.0039751055,0.00020059157,0.0018058163,0.000042435116,0.0006619644,0.0071261306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98757404,0.00010278484,0.0097190635,0.000054388544,0.000026708074,0.00024979922,0.00021203686,0.000019552856,0.002041628],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835646,0.00006433236,0.00057969574,0.00049092114,0.00028797795,0.00022061527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998808,0.00007772242,0.00042016548,0.00048816184,0.00012657998,0.000079371704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043014757,0.00020960401,0.00029477256,0.00027191197,0.00015692742,0.000037847163,0.00024141272,0.00035544482,0.00020700447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021065431,0.0002070157,0.000052191226,0.0006473648,0.00037560554,0.00044281714,0.00007449169,0.00011163843,0.00017851529],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012675028,0.00047449977,0.010803122,0.00033557048,0.000100649755,0.0000014913828,0.002377484,0.010792194,0.8682108,0.03773324,0.011726291,0.056177136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019419099,0.0005891683,0.003087885,0.00002098703,0.00007389995,0.000028192268,0.00044861488,0.025332168,0.8308168,0.017918667,0.11925408,0.0004876385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026904636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039021805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107527785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008415089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031596264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84418553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2221296519","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2015.114","title":"Controlling biofouling of reverse osmosis membranes through surface modification via grafting patterned polymer brushes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Adhesion; Grafting; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Polyelectrolyte; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.04113392173664891,"score_gpt":0.27024936812654143,"score_spread":0.2291154463898925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2221296519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912733,0.00028782993,0.0067291996,0.0014071686,0.00009156014,0.00009156925,0.0000013149601,0.000020275029,0.00009781877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934815,0.00016920299,0.0061836005,0.00006607166,0.000028792063,0.0000010060771,0.0000039437596,0.000008682383,0.000057163325],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988362,0.00007815036,0.0005079407,0.00012240915,0.00033209048,0.00012316387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992343,0.000047470847,0.00041712358,0.00016983178,0.00008611096,0.00004515496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007835633,0.00009716962,0.0002022279,0.00005991729,0.00005882938,0.00003273953,0.00018174974,0.00008154079,0.000023908702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015082718,0.0000677023,0.00004730547,0.00011191888,0.000081474835,0.00077854923,0.00007375224,0.000093405666,0.000011128602],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011645531,0.00005180982,0.014081861,0.000027036236,0.000027586399,0.0000039590645,0.00395092,0.0115263825,0.9679439,0.000026519307,0.00013771375,0.0021058365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083190977,0.00011253742,0.00066218595,0.000035785597,0.000041358267,0.000025006062,0.0005143192,0.0047383597,0.99014044,0.0024890052,0.0003117282,0.00009738482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024170594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008112517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0221965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005557249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007412079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27608198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2231328989","doi":"","title":"Biofiltration in Drinking Water Treatment: Reduction of Membrane Fouling and Biodegradation of Organic Trace Contaminants","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Fouling; Biodegradation; Contamination; Environmental chemistry; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Environmental science; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water contamination; Biofouling; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.009681424869624002,"score_gpt":0.20192794326350827,"score_spread":0.19224651839388426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2231328989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992432,0.000029808967,0.000011275172,0.00013034939,0.00008127322,0.0003219394,0.0000072428275,0.000025142424,0.00014975644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783033,0.0003164961,0.0010057318,5.234315e-7,0.0000047432304,6.3070246e-7,0.00024057242,0.000011694605,0.020116305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908704,0.000041298303,0.00022609421,0.00029928415,0.00020117569,0.0001451245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993522,0.000017578113,0.0003601772,0.00021437806,0.00003080697,0.000024820823],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014813007,0.00016916434,0.00034851962,0.00027497153,0.00007222216,0.00000628329,0.00016057567,0.00034739624,0.0003484558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012437668,0.00016202834,0.00005465242,0.00020131831,0.00018714023,0.00044189455,0.0000346596,0.00013859283,0.0000100181505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010424675,0.00007069568,0.0024845824,0.000104062216,0.000018002582,0.0000018166348,0.03704834,0.0000557867,0.9553286,0.000018017548,0.0000039027723,0.0047619804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005915916,0.00017239452,0.01057808,0.00008871819,0.00007066471,0.0000027784572,0.036883708,0.00020164753,0.95116615,0.000073095034,0.000028046563,0.000143144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018156406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09274394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07458754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093974675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001565082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9883818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2237523201","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.139","title":"Membrane processes for removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) from water and wastewaters","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":368,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Water treatment; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Adsorption; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.03355816447330938,"score_gpt":0.28994294484392535,"score_spread":0.25638478037061596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2237523201","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1961768,0.7822511,0.00016063155,0.00390628,0.0009594728,0.009901492,0.0011737029,0.00012776574,0.005342708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02451074,0.97253126,0.0011299119,0.000015669697,0.000032948894,0.00014683891,0.000009431784,0.000035235706,0.001587972],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99781513,0.00009048213,0.0004985281,0.0005408618,0.0006756641,0.00037934515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984697,0.00027409013,0.00041095496,0.0007712539,0.000008411769,0.0000655867],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007132597,0.00030649273,0.0006414778,0.000048975784,0.00026090542,0.000024631307,0.0016401331,0.00010233906,0.00031251798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010241936,0.00011962165,0.00016999581,0.00019268577,0.005846446,0.00023187755,0.0015701812,0.00014915336,0.000053908938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011230938,0.0001984762,0.0000011986887,0.0026630934,0.00018812994,0.0000016996803,0.0010520763,0.0008574346,0.44126657,0.00015633932,0.00010320238,0.55339944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005141494,0.00016861482,0.00003163855,0.0017026886,0.0005685736,0.000081067126,0.00013495883,0.000110627116,0.824826,0.0015093031,0.16984452,0.000507865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021591562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7090864e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5528916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020323235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052695836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9968591},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2238680564","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b03523","title":"Impaired Performance of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis due to Irreversible Biofouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Graduate Education; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Desalination; Biofouling; Seawater; Wastewater; Effluent; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Brine; Osmotic power; Reverse osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Environmental science; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Ecology; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014174868885709806,"score_gpt":0.22754443309849715,"score_spread":0.21336956421278733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2238680564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99476576,0.00007720454,0.0002660252,0.000872134,0.00015394612,0.0004306063,0.0000089542955,0.00028197144,0.0031434214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911325,0.000019877207,0.008154639,0.00010096777,0.0000081213875,0.000042449326,0.0000021231754,0.000014136882,0.00052521616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99746597,0.000022574832,0.00036048633,0.00070497516,0.0008196619,0.00062631903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878,0.000016511996,0.00016784958,0.0008051339,0.000007907442,0.00022257383],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007006867,0.00022314308,0.0002874705,0.00050314976,0.0002420047,0.000020528421,0.0015209379,0.00018728766,0.00074640196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017423304,0.00021134282,0.000045642184,0.0022388934,0.003090743,0.00057471386,0.0014896714,0.00020285348,0.0012950889],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004081806,0.00016318972,0.118589014,0.0000067447454,0.000009617272,0.0000068821523,0.00044622275,0.009471904,0.8538533,0.00013383776,0.0007361595,0.016542315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003670558,0.00064977317,0.030688442,0.0000129337,0.000017996437,0.00004529798,0.00088487513,0.0029509077,0.95259076,0.00044661347,0.011013105,0.0003322324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007046336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000107820915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09873748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042718937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039501752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2243037874","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2015.12.062","title":"Surface modification methods of organic solvent nanofiltration membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Solvent; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.03437962416386366,"score_gpt":0.286594002756,"score_spread":0.25221437859213636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2243037874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63976544,0.00014429621,0.35915267,0.00018529606,0.00017241745,0.00006474191,6.194946e-7,0.00009566797,0.00041882563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7935851,0.000019465226,0.20629251,0.0000076110073,0.000029228819,0.000001606949,0.0000028667348,0.000010817631,0.0000507907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992246,0.00002182004,0.00026817303,0.00011271983,0.00023779924,0.00013486805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995686,0.000044027118,0.000109080276,0.00015056816,0.000025445259,0.000102308775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004965247,0.00008946453,0.00012635256,0.00002689219,0.000020300591,0.000018383103,0.0002104194,0.000081854625,0.00018681955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041852272,0.00008096197,0.000039169674,0.00020231283,0.000048242397,0.00017740583,0.000051599778,0.00016677273,0.000038142658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004607465,0.000017370976,0.000096157404,0.000008206218,0.000005061761,5.75309e-7,0.00010172314,0.08124357,0.91725093,0.000047072474,0.0003191426,0.0009055783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001692411,0.000018639348,0.0000716956,0.0000086104155,0.0000072472767,0.000051034658,0.000037038233,0.031668395,0.96655184,0.00036804547,0.0009622062,0.00008599732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030271556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.4967151e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15381965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013852383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016368429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33015332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2248783178","doi":"10.11113/amst.v11i1.74","title":"Effect of Casting Conditions on SMM Blended Polyethersulfone Hydro–Phobic/–Philic Composite Membranes: Characteristics and Desalination Performance in Membrane Distillation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Desalination; Evaporation; Phase inversion; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Casting; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.009262514744966142,"score_gpt":0.2651620378485159,"score_spread":0.25589952310354974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2248783178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948448,0.000018429171,0.000054092623,0.00063034816,0.00018488738,0.00044570302,0.0000071332897,0.00006629381,0.0037483382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991242,0.00017791783,0.00059209956,0.00002432168,0.000024430143,0.000017424576,0.0000030006743,0.000018177276,0.000018375957],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974412,0.000045750112,0.00088059995,0.00045552402,0.00073427154,0.00044267176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972872,0.00022968999,0.001636477,0.00067202526,0.00007418863,0.00010038968],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021808,0.00028540211,0.00064475334,0.0012267707,0.0006687561,0.00008776478,0.0011439237,0.00025270056,0.0000550797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00071317167,0.000244334,0.00005717154,0.0010668834,0.0033215708,0.0007515916,0.000308702,0.0005570666,0.000022966202],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030803707,0.00007954321,0.010918186,0.00011050517,0.000010690216,0.00001585479,0.00017379332,0.003587126,0.9690118,0.0013136852,0.0000014150406,0.014469354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015426213,0.0008121043,0.055586196,0.0001641034,0.000040989355,0.00014342312,0.00012397507,0.0048917765,0.9359433,0.0004619418,0.00005750197,0.00023208727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016639522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014775122,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04466801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026032235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007230494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99939084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2252881090","doi":"10.1002/j.1551-8701.2011.tb03064.x","title":"Use Zeta Potential to Improve Direct Filtration Operation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeta potential; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.023357462015454054,"score_gpt":0.2266742332777474,"score_spread":0.20331677126229336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2252881090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9568156,0.0000035618864,0.0070750806,0.00029364476,0.0003484208,0.00042575365,0.000010342931,0.00023992332,0.034787655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823001,0.0000054166276,0.013437898,0.0002067989,0.000024834628,0.000034055553,0.000010579599,0.000008651136,0.0039716708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992922,0.000024183388,0.00012978553,0.0002497228,0.0001603483,0.0001437689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996206,0.000008077113,0.00003182686,0.00028330905,0.0000065702134,0.0000496003],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010073499,0.00008532176,0.00007127732,0.000029130963,0.00009094663,0.00005417554,0.00016412711,0.00006399695,0.0036844497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070699905,0.000076442564,0.000025716296,0.00011915043,0.000043143227,0.0005498246,0.000090029236,0.000052790077,0.0023626126],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034447934,0.00006936016,0.0026320396,0.0000023612358,0.0000068756076,0.0000057922234,0.0006235267,0.0022036391,0.9557378,0.00024099078,0.0097747175,0.02866844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015383586,0.000187584,0.0421307,0.0000033827553,0.000010580702,0.0000035728901,0.000056524947,0.005162644,0.94506705,0.00024268149,0.0067531765,0.00022827073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043980798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019749047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03949866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047995658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005073094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99841416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2266718562","doi":"10.2175/106143010x12851009156529","title":"Addressing Reverse Osmosis Fouling within Water Reclamation—A Side‐By‐Side Comparison of Low‐Pressure Membrane Pretreatments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Forward osmosis; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.15590304409724232,"score_gpt":0.3463120754230273,"score_spread":0.19040903132578496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2266718562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98747313,0.00009247213,0.00018463616,0.00040286424,0.00006942605,0.0011183202,0.000015484187,0.000101176236,0.010542473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99114275,0.000086253385,0.0028546846,0.00002780347,0.000014356161,0.0001892684,0.000083005376,0.000042475942,0.005559431],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.995864,0.00035981266,0.000717881,0.0007455457,0.0014628355,0.00084994314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986911,0.00006217017,0.00013156616,0.00094739243,0.000016393613,0.00015137492],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014338766,0.00029985057,0.0003916064,0.00016547476,0.00037492218,0.000056354107,0.00072509446,0.00025042918,0.010076851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004804319,0.00019838846,0.000086258406,0.00015337198,0.0010914233,0.0005443595,0.0009661574,0.00050012366,0.0027448288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013408488,0.0005366388,0.028977383,0.000107919426,0.00008553309,0.000011386937,0.009020705,0.003443229,0.9538255,0.000019134586,0.0019764898,0.0018620049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049915805,0.00018196618,0.0013645364,0.00005632182,0.0000333924,0.0000026285552,0.0009934232,0.0014517655,0.9907649,0.00045493414,0.0039455546,0.00025142336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082379073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032024644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036939405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027198126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067920346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268831889","doi":"","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor - Membrane Process","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Flux (metallurgy); Process (computing); Membrane reactor; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.010020509124388054,"score_gpt":0.2128137464516986,"score_spread":0.20279323732731053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268831889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989048,0.00007551437,2.5388394e-7,0.00007873988,0.000095344774,0.00061693916,0.000010424681,0.000027880222,0.00019008717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942781,0.00003383776,0.00016977663,0.000005571842,0.000004836633,0.0000022556337,0.000064778294,0.000015526834,0.005425338],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881727,0.000088671826,0.00019800419,0.0003079516,0.0003919406,0.00019615318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990748,0.000078371544,0.00048370476,0.00029082678,0.000020747095,0.00005153501],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016265817,0.00021598866,0.00039128124,0.00018753244,0.000082092185,0.000006088424,0.0003569139,0.00025371797,0.00012082222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057884816,0.00019417834,0.00007534317,0.00028722506,0.00035201156,0.0003402012,0.00011368088,0.0002009935,0.000006223706],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015454768,0.00006757446,0.00606485,0.00079562084,0.000019653695,0.000002704329,0.07088792,0.00008236003,0.92170376,0.000022747152,0.000010153423,0.0001880794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006399875,0.00013606127,0.06939469,0.0005006411,0.000050763396,0.0000011321279,0.0341814,0.00019766807,0.8947085,0.000027684273,0.0000018560778,0.00015958527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009492447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00440882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06332984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099741315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024865914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99710345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2270692015","doi":"10.1039/c5ta09252c","title":"A practical approach to synthesize polyamide thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes with improved separation properties for water/wastewater treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":135,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Membrane; Materials science; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.021685732134416703,"score_gpt":0.250925166510161,"score_spread":0.2292394343757443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2270692015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99545985,0.0000075608655,0.0010106103,0.002611991,0.000057166148,0.0005064187,0.000017071783,0.000043529475,0.00028580052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833961,0.000013374903,0.014209564,0.00004201394,0.000101553844,0.00014139386,0.000003961886,0.000022407556,0.00206959],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867356,0.000050919894,0.00049144065,0.00025314334,0.00024735005,0.00028357498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927104,0.00005733085,0.00028375752,0.0002501625,0.00003708838,0.0001006093],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036849332,0.00022276974,0.000352672,0.000024780831,0.00008889256,0.00010476549,0.00021889227,0.00011311778,0.00041344907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010448661,0.00009535226,0.00006521621,0.00004072117,0.00011219128,0.00042850332,0.00007048995,0.000040746614,0.000047541453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016493362,0.00016877842,0.000011658416,0.00008464413,0.00005346236,0.000005429288,0.00030707696,0.00042118548,0.99690497,0.0000026132896,0.00028684485,0.000104026185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093951874,0.0004383632,0.000015771077,0.00007270404,0.00005372041,0.0003182385,0.00012632567,0.00009069121,0.9950482,0.000027971404,0.0026882177,0.00018026514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015380043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016274604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013198953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021096425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032754226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45269772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2273855103","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.121","title":"Influence of activated carbon preloading by EfOM fractions from treated wastewater on adsorption of pharmaceutically active compounds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Adsorption; Nanofiltration; Activated carbon; Microporous material; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012315072872853937,"score_gpt":0.24969166473868576,"score_spread":0.23737659186583182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2273855103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99477714,0.0000070129913,0.000012315564,0.00014616239,0.000020116031,0.00018396541,0.000045851684,0.000098165605,0.004709266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939495,0.00001886918,0.00017825453,0.00002751376,0.000005210389,0.000016513604,0.000010308778,0.000012780005,0.00033558827],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990459,0.00003583333,0.0002483453,0.00027728692,0.00023238441,0.00016022909],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993013,0.00013764152,0.00020144082,0.00029122975,0.000021650896,0.000046703117],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045345158,0.00014130399,0.00018888677,0.000012253297,0.000029757482,0.000004947525,0.00020368026,0.00013523294,0.0011993898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075093754,0.000100324556,0.00003704663,0.00019777774,0.0002685767,0.00023063055,0.00007421173,0.000111165915,0.00007393371],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016537007,0.000106422245,0.007596978,0.000005542084,0.00002792382,2.9885624e-7,0.000121921694,0.00046441567,0.98918253,0.000004478455,0.00026065993,0.0020634648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005777588,0.00008156949,0.014644591,0.00006497331,0.000018424282,4.5871522e-7,0.00007354106,0.00014417691,0.983752,0.00016853237,0.00035931877,0.000114667004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040016245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011198321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0070476127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018112866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007697693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2275957728","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2015.143","title":"Effect of pH level and acid type on total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) retention and fouling of reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Wastewater; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Permeation; Chromatography; Ammoniacal nitrogen; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Nitrogen; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.1670168054689483,"score_gpt":0.39270035891032534,"score_spread":0.22568355344137705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2275957728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99891746,0.00013257585,0.000024292785,0.0005098973,0.0000352924,0.00018441807,0.00000390545,0.000013617912,0.00017852867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990784,0.0000510189,0.00065797195,0.00000639892,0.000028922497,0.000003716979,0.000003068273,0.000009586133,0.00016093448],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972952,0.0008092031,0.00040269113,0.00022439854,0.0009516949,0.00031680395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937135,0.0000954652,0.000114113085,0.00016876544,0.00010506307,0.00014526569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0073651206,0.00011678408,0.0002591192,0.0001324304,0.00016153377,0.0000669299,0.00016396132,0.00010033171,0.00009446283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006184724,0.00007197249,0.000044738983,0.00017522596,0.0005103991,0.00037425035,0.00027206933,0.00038950387,0.000021960643],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013208735,0.00004382041,0.018502178,0.0002722457,0.000024352265,0.000009174738,0.0013801489,0.00008280739,0.9673966,0.0000075571074,0.00009944322,0.010860804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000835608,0.0013724488,0.0021031415,0.000087703396,0.000014058767,0.00008437765,0.0005017861,0.0002665377,0.9933877,0.0011893032,0.00006516437,0.000092158574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012921305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008640415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025991116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008338983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018966519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2934953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2277077042","doi":"10.2166/ws.2001.0029","title":"Ozone mass transfer in water treatment: hydrodynamics and mass transfer modeling of ozone bubble columns","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Plug flow; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Mass transfer; Bubble; Algebraic equation; Dispersion (optics); Ordinary differential equation; Thermodynamics; Steady state (chemistry); Differential equation; Mathematics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Nonlinear system","score_opus":0.010080621999628185,"score_gpt":0.2121838486054064,"score_spread":0.2021032266057782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2277077042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830485,0.00003848267,0.010705781,0.0043912237,0.0001028705,0.00067405327,0.000009633692,0.0003431822,0.0006862552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99702084,0.0002058183,0.0017302976,0.00005947411,0.0000074815694,0.00014360606,0.00002191016,0.00003424083,0.00077633135],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99615175,0.000043049236,0.0006976195,0.0011262894,0.00051969785,0.0014615775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901354,0.00000940805,0.000017466828,0.0008055587,0.00003444391,0.00011955134],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006467291,0.0004342832,0.000546228,0.0010312237,0.000318671,0.00007287391,0.0011221125,0.00043174348,0.00060803385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007918964,0.0002606339,0.0000768158,0.0009663869,0.0023040585,0.0011701368,0.00027876714,0.00031673434,0.0002457319],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048430986,0.00012426684,0.025734466,0.0000116943975,0.000009848092,0.0000530048,0.002027943,0.012134153,0.9590131,0.00019403333,0.000001530635,0.0006475394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010637547,0.00037843196,0.00009890935,0.00001559228,0.000023563474,0.00006837937,0.0003455562,0.08436187,0.90711415,0.005476618,0.00065895735,0.00039421135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047318984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054128293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.072227724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032146057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019595085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2281839559","doi":"10.1177/0734242x15589781","title":"Composition and uses of anaerobic digestion derived biogas from wastewater treatment facilities in North America","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Biogas; Anaerobic digestion; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Composition (language); Bioenergy; Waste treatment; Biogas production; Pulp and paper industry; Biofuel; Methane; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.04341881705912648,"score_gpt":0.28411084900963685,"score_spread":0.24069203195051037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2281839559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99561405,0.00024576977,0.0005967578,0.0006642146,0.000019672363,0.0011894216,0.000008299677,0.000014676629,0.0016471252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976592,0.00041288568,0.00038730638,0.000016165754,0.000014465278,0.0001265851,0.000024643008,0.000010530156,0.0013482296],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984659,0.00029393286,0.0003120508,0.0002196994,0.00025306,0.00045537582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993048,0.00011794392,0.000121190766,0.0002918002,0.00007094906,0.00009335486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010566749,0.00013318037,0.00019630814,0.00028691845,0.0003019362,0.00014193474,0.0003093777,0.000036476427,0.000060867053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048654387,0.00009763808,0.0000477407,0.00031858427,0.00039246946,0.00054576376,0.00031489483,0.00013905627,0.000017008408],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003753785,0.00228985,0.13329387,0.00159938,0.0018223746,0.00082748017,0.04670958,0.70869577,0.023757486,0.012120827,0.013451544,0.051678035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007333801,0.0029248456,0.014777019,0.000101659774,0.00017120212,0.00004363047,0.5900818,0.01246427,0.04000946,0.04740685,0.28392574,0.0007597293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015667904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017747004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69623154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00088511925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000282365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39815655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2286688707","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2015.1135990","title":"Analysis of submerged membrane for a sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating prehydrolysis liquor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Mesophile; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Bacteria; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016838944140577048,"score_gpt":0.24498301569168748,"score_spread":0.22814407155111044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2286688707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963412,0.00014397677,0.00068047066,0.0005602864,0.00007638993,0.00079593837,0.00012471924,0.000451979,0.00082503416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907853,0.000082548344,0.007910204,0.00005562169,0.000014142315,0.00030998926,0.00017826303,0.000046737936,0.0006172144],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972404,0.00006974908,0.0007563589,0.0008530607,0.0004862016,0.0005942257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998191,0.00009443615,0.000489301,0.0010626592,0.000008273685,0.00015431899],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042660758,0.000400529,0.00085092394,0.00092819997,0.00012648877,0.0000149549205,0.0008025868,0.00049432967,0.0015051988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025648632,0.00038518195,0.0003265556,0.0022712846,0.0009983132,0.00025829216,0.0004575874,0.00022899278,0.00017396711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012781697,0.0003370822,0.06306005,0.000012321995,0.0005953466,0.000005368037,0.00025757722,0.0029590228,0.9272503,0.00015094594,0.00018430999,0.0050598066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013403951,0.000534107,0.005537978,0.000006598571,0.00095247885,0.000008452085,0.0010941864,0.0055633863,0.9818043,0.00031435766,0.0023805972,0.00046316654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014486603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001744907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057522077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004286066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016000558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288279603","doi":"10.1159/000423354","title":"Hemodiafiltration with On-Line Production of Substitution Fluid: Long-Term Safety and Quantitative Assessment of Efficacy","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Contributions to nephrology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Substitution (logic); Term (time); Production (economics); Environmental science; Medicine; Computer science; Economics; Physics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.03067782497148178,"score_gpt":0.33129729059780433,"score_spread":0.3006194656263225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288279603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9100753,0.000025995192,0.086958215,0.001907893,0.00007460477,0.0006002039,0.00003317507,0.00004256165,0.00028206295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693584,0.000021328404,0.0028268474,0.00006813046,0.00001290109,0.000028798193,0.0000634777,0.0000041927537,0.00003850245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903846,0.00009570734,0.00028116617,0.0002552808,0.0001867619,0.00014263092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993156,0.00008782133,0.00015882935,0.00025010607,0.00012513764,0.00006249253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037885297,0.000100870464,0.00021237765,0.00009414262,0.00007429183,0.0000051105194,0.00009184033,0.000082895815,0.000045421864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004917953,0.00008489288,0.000017016271,0.0003322317,0.00049446756,0.00014998809,0.000053521155,0.00008451313,0.000021546626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028222713,0.0009842055,0.06705142,0.00003080219,0.00011187416,0.000006232356,0.0006135015,0.24523166,0.5050375,0.17222285,0.0010625783,0.0048251348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002725364,0.0050523025,0.79029363,0.00003571223,0.000081034996,0.00003525936,0.0000933714,0.004175252,0.19488548,0.00074488955,0.0016270097,0.00025069818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028761564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012762153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7232422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016872647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058234647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34618315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288615002","doi":"10.2166/wst.2015.356","title":"Preliminary evaluation of biosolids characteristics for anaerobic membrane reactors treating municipal wastewaters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Biosolids; Volatile suspended solids; Suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Anaerobic digestion; Total suspended solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Kjeldahl method; Wastewater; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Aeration; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Dewatering; Environmental science; Biogas; Phosphorus; Environmental engineering; Chemical oxygen demand; Nitrogen; Activated sludge; Methane","score_opus":0.04508061612293347,"score_gpt":0.29621463275212595,"score_spread":0.2511340166291925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288615002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99678606,0.000013479431,0.00031951335,0.0008151202,0.00023179718,0.0006504031,0.0000066535304,0.00026363294,0.00091334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939351,0.0000046453397,0.005744769,0.000024294834,0.000011884177,0.00013630034,0.000015844204,0.00001419735,0.000112985705],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976418,0.00004578452,0.0004434887,0.0005457647,0.0007548303,0.00056833006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879104,0.000026111971,0.00019548862,0.0007463343,0.00015417761,0.00008681914],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023736327,0.00018682388,0.00026806176,0.00060659525,0.00018903805,0.000030459862,0.0010843442,0.0002056167,0.000084573774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007345934,0.00013768072,0.000042256306,0.0011674466,0.0022390464,0.00049714907,0.0005854053,0.00012790365,0.00007297331],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000408279,0.000062797604,0.0041554035,0.000010158543,0.0000048421,0.00000122142,0.0019313395,0.001320187,0.98081696,0.0002112833,0.00004845178,0.011396523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052365306,0.00060777075,0.0007512582,0.000014249204,0.00003799582,0.000015714613,0.0013680984,0.019840352,0.97434455,0.0017766505,0.0005349806,0.00018473061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008608872,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002369227,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018520165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036657017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007145627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.824986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288852195","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.034","title":"Thin film composite membranes embedded with graphene oxide for water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Science and Technology Development Fund","keywords":"Membrane; Graphene; Desalination; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Contact angle; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Monomer; Polymer","score_opus":0.012304885670592125,"score_gpt":0.23633169072217952,"score_spread":0.2240268050515874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288852195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90366006,0.000009116967,0.09220065,0.0017166222,0.00007133869,0.0005805071,0.000012560487,0.00033932837,0.0014098379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831575,0.000012976205,0.015272423,0.00013614584,0.000018870649,0.00016905293,0.000072191615,0.00002424629,0.0011365945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998767,0.000052245025,0.00024499878,0.00034716292,0.00032699612,0.0002615947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994158,0.00010873703,0.00010790911,0.0002697678,0.000052294316,0.00004549277],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003736925,0.00016411375,0.00013970336,0.00010262876,0.00017006966,0.000041719577,0.00021446538,0.000115949144,0.0003171216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007516046,0.00009143035,0.00004755386,0.00017626879,0.00016376414,0.00060348463,0.000052432842,0.00004766567,0.00026195793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012897923,0.000066086584,0.0027931428,0.000025579284,0.000017794404,0.0000019455904,0.0002762616,0.0038655398,0.98248434,0.003964601,0.0006206563,0.0057551027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010048331,0.00011812641,0.007062701,0.000022676379,0.000020744,0.0000064042038,0.000050196908,0.0063016172,0.9751685,0.00741352,0.0026083528,0.00022229303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030216088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000094873176,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.079497464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011762235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056018584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37284216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2289018978","doi":"10.1038/srep22069","title":"A Novel Approach Toward Fabrication of High Performance Thin Film Composite Polyamide Membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":371,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Microporous material; Composite number; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Monomer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018731496073756976,"score_gpt":0.22397030922452463,"score_spread":0.20523881315076764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2289018978","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824223,0.000025769485,0.009650503,0.000274756,0.0009973479,0.00029036077,0.000004500703,0.00016344177,0.006171009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869816,0.000009653449,0.0075593307,0.000017066799,0.000013270602,0.000027585547,0.000017403436,0.000009947835,0.0053641787],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978794,0.000022634598,0.00050991797,0.00066765776,0.00066901627,0.00025137494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984632,0.0000319156,0.00044578584,0.00095733633,0.00004309188,0.000058633315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008580464,0.00013713614,0.00018663118,0.0001113385,0.00017138348,0.00005553222,0.00034021272,0.00007901841,0.0005350995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015657417,0.00009204946,0.00005185277,0.0005642183,0.000785466,0.00050635013,0.00022006352,0.00006006575,0.0001452373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008383614,0.00009480938,0.013272582,0.00003885224,0.0000059622716,0.0000031075317,0.00024618403,0.0031221749,0.97644967,0.000079745514,0.0023702094,0.0043082978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001506274,0.000025431487,0.04610482,0.000026535496,0.000009568822,0.00009807574,0.000053271066,0.0031056046,0.94561553,0.0011841236,0.0034480977,0.00017834343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014940885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050656167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032832235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000859114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025707304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5858964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2293271279","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03290","title":"Removal of BSA and HA Contaminants from Aqueous Solution Using Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymer Modified Poly(ether imide) UF Membrane and Their Fouling Behaviors","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Copolymer; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Poloxamer; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Amphiphile; Nuclear chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.13968102822368353,"score_gpt":0.32554469563727373,"score_spread":0.1858636674135902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2293271279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99838763,0.0008110196,0.00010643254,0.00010001406,0.000074666226,0.00024780733,0.000029768573,0.00007870325,0.00016398205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993949,0.00003645645,0.0002399912,0.0000020776295,0.00011020062,0.000012112446,0.000011419861,0.000026404967,0.00016644115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99827135,0.000059801674,0.00033344096,0.00040626066,0.0004968114,0.00043233522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991445,0.00020545372,0.00008611859,0.00033279977,0.000037349346,0.00019380632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084799953,0.00020307064,0.0002981537,0.00007922312,0.00010046007,0.000050909137,0.0002623658,0.0003663481,0.00008731089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006485859,0.0001935672,0.000032945463,0.00036213227,0.00040333444,0.00015155775,0.00034410122,0.00060891587,0.0000034218247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008147732,0.000026040998,0.000730649,0.000014995181,0.000015929321,0.000024204079,0.00019932975,0.0017766868,0.9921951,0.0000029962812,0.000034014403,0.004898545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011474766,0.000040723447,0.000113601716,0.000068599824,0.000013020253,0.00007910009,0.0002963034,0.0362934,0.961512,0.00003927654,0.00021216308,0.0001843202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026577942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010790082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03451671,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022927103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062517225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7893442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2295306086","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.02.008","title":"Advances in biological systems for the treatment of high-strength wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Effluent; Environmental science; Anaerobic filter; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane fouling; Waste management; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Membrane","score_opus":0.012223819656783628,"score_gpt":0.23041831147249967,"score_spread":0.21819449181571604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2295306086","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940282,0.00073303806,0.004720271,0.00020245364,0.0001513603,0.00013697518,0.0000020564291,0.000011814857,0.000013844358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979796,0.0015151309,0.0003932538,0.0000012082985,0.000035122524,0.000025242338,2.0525688e-7,0.000005020949,0.000045224824],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940264,0.0000065934196,0.00028050973,0.00007102004,0.00010344697,0.00013576898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997275,0.000081634964,0.0000859054,0.00007547648,0.000011973454,0.000017506129],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013659464,0.00007733106,0.00015855419,0.00004542117,0.000013777752,0.0000073660635,0.00016369768,0.000036418165,0.000028943117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026823245,0.000026047592,0.00003699288,0.00004689969,0.00003748543,0.00020785755,0.000013452529,0.000027051368,0.0000034331931],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018235763,0.00021711826,0.0088676335,0.00013997102,0.00004672338,0.0000115991925,0.001385953,0.50256777,0.45039183,0.00014225733,0.00002936287,0.036017403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008147989,0.0006269887,0.00074976747,0.00008049574,0.000009478493,0.000023225677,0.00013745799,0.001918743,0.98499244,0.00020924542,0.010348361,0.00008898298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004766425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001583215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5346006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068056164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023568375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10621899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2296991227","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5b06647","title":"Controlled Architecture of Dual-Functional Block Copolymer Brushes on Thin-Film Composite Membranes for Integrated “Defending” and “Attacking” Strategies against Biofouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Changjiang Scholar Program of Chinese Ministry of Education; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Copolymer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Interfacial polymerization; Polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.022436376865521055,"score_gpt":0.2521295556065269,"score_spread":0.22969317874100584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2296991227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939268,0.00015341405,0.00017987035,0.00027114848,0.00034220118,0.00090974366,0.000102581565,0.00020860808,0.0039055804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99841684,0.000046126603,0.00093783945,0.00016212913,0.000043185446,0.0001521826,0.00006105696,0.000031628042,0.0001490081],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982536,0.0000650878,0.00058210065,0.00047095577,0.00032809132,0.0003001956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989859,0.00026724188,0.0003812934,0.00026552347,0.000036464848,0.00006360122],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047692435,0.00035207946,0.0006400311,0.00011817239,0.00014132315,0.00020836061,0.0002580575,0.00019022758,0.00023598174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009765401,0.00026384107,0.0000291613,0.00013169492,0.00048334795,0.00016380007,0.00019703801,0.00013379102,0.000048003898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001897677,0.00006076792,0.00003359448,0.00007394054,0.00008032788,0.0000011008656,0.00058567786,0.027495315,0.967604,0.0011713894,0.00067643356,0.00031979955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002536193,0.00021896421,0.00006474613,0.000055531225,0.000041895935,0.000006736498,0.0017676951,0.000100769,0.99195504,0.002622514,0.00035883771,0.0002710465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000108979584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040580297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027394546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054636806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002831005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2299072707","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.04.2","title":"An Impact of the Particle Size Distribution on CP Degree at the Mechanism of Shear-Induced Diffusion in Cross-Flow Microfiltration","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Drag; Shear flow; Shear rate; van der Waals force; Chemistry; Classical mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Viscosity","score_opus":0.020700963893892643,"score_gpt":0.3019498255401364,"score_spread":0.28124886164624374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2299072707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99722326,0.000024883908,0.0005997137,0.0017739636,0.00006618467,0.00021989018,0.000014261063,0.000016570817,0.00006125658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996703,0.00010534847,0.00009932584,0.000025647816,0.000010303051,0.00000551707,0.0000014355779,0.0000059399335,0.00007618464],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986676,0.00012891773,0.00058813416,0.00015950443,0.00029546334,0.00016036596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987761,0.00015742914,0.000615375,0.00036597275,0.000054211177,0.000030918563],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060375483,0.00012055058,0.00023060656,0.00004715665,0.00011687227,0.000012833176,0.0003247961,0.00021240476,0.00021139253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000395716,0.00005697125,0.00008799164,0.00040761154,0.00036681327,0.00029723247,0.000091628055,0.00016845191,0.0000074312743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019265349,0.00009882447,0.027197925,0.0000037517186,0.00000878774,0.0000010702086,0.00010515951,0.00060129556,0.9640656,0.00084534683,0.000058658214,0.006820925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000783602,0.000779948,0.14661513,0.00002758777,0.00001023088,0.00003844741,0.000061254934,0.00090050534,0.84848255,0.0022140385,0.000026640597,0.000060077873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003985652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000110472094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11941721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018098595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028140943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.232322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2300934584","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2015.04.04.1","title":"Characterisation of Mass Transfer in Frontal Nanofiltration Equipment and Development of a Simple Correlation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Simple (philosophy); Mass transfer; Chemistry; Simple correlation; Chromatography; Correlation; Mathematics; Membrane; Biochemistry; Geometry","score_opus":0.01274385941729297,"score_gpt":0.24569846733157086,"score_spread":0.23295460791427788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2300934584","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96367234,0.000059664162,0.035529926,0.00042194477,0.00004193292,0.00015922837,0.0000022654656,0.000012765734,0.00009991438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995542,0.00020618111,0.004193892,0.0000102396525,0.0000052958885,0.0000063912007,0.0000029765213,0.000004772292,0.00002828683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987378,0.000037279427,0.0007791926,0.00013031998,0.0002125069,0.000102877595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994338,0.000048028658,0.00036431637,0.00009238923,0.000037195987,0.000024225777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041168914,0.000096179436,0.00025893693,0.00032206683,0.00003334654,0.0000050530875,0.00008971781,0.00017173716,0.00013708671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006412653,0.000071012306,0.000020658588,0.00019349347,0.00017691833,0.00040313575,0.000026886239,0.000079701706,0.0000034313443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009741267,0.000043252927,0.02314445,0.000017844075,0.000010349637,0.0000011254104,0.00058621884,0.000060815935,0.9359746,0.00038561173,0.000011508077,0.03966682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011368488,0.00030468096,0.03676576,0.00004923231,0.000010080279,0.000027500524,0.0003866603,0.0003256023,0.95933175,0.001097441,0.00047597568,0.000088481946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054962907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004411664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03957834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007438276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029838384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28957978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2313211175","doi":"10.1021/ie501239h","title":"Modeling of Fouling and Fouling Attachments as a Function of the Zeta Potential of Heterogeneous Membrane Surfaces in Ultrafiltration of Latex Solution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Polysulfone; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Materials science; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.04559266581820067,"score_gpt":0.28882881094387336,"score_spread":0.24323614512567268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2313211175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989871,0.00002944798,0.0005564704,0.00003544228,0.000043507414,0.00018210751,0.00000405772,0.000012652837,0.00014922008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998401,0.000020989388,0.000076499775,3.9569338e-7,0.000024223957,0.000004929139,0.0000040158793,0.000007856857,0.000021003149],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868476,0.00005410824,0.00042855417,0.00018136368,0.00047094695,0.00018024296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949944,0.000094214825,0.00012280812,0.0002166506,0.000040362364,0.000026510974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009779262,0.00008808479,0.00019454102,0.000058188914,0.00003397738,0.000007133171,0.0002130746,0.00019523405,0.000037717728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005548088,0.000080522856,0.000040006078,0.00035515378,0.00014880288,0.00009104631,0.00013237723,0.00029479674,4.998045e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034700483,0.000014271706,0.0006265109,0.000050047525,0.000006055416,7.826521e-8,0.000027569058,0.4745696,0.52424634,0.0000024275678,8.919055e-7,0.00042156357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002798125,0.00003550684,0.00016795474,0.00006849869,0.0000052329165,0.0000012446621,0.00003203205,0.39174357,0.6076,0.000027767539,0.000003230792,0.000035193338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038429644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068514364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08335365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055454828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023551822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3283627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316765450","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2016.1169949","title":"Water reclamation and nitrogen extraction from municipal solid waste landfill leachate","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Nanofiltration; Waste management; Environmental science; Extraction (chemistry); Ammoniacal nitrogen; Municipal solid waste; Electrocoagulation; Resource recovery; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chromatography","score_opus":0.020499685036857496,"score_gpt":0.258310339974203,"score_spread":0.2378106549373455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316765450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99664575,0.000023296156,0.0004816337,0.0020783225,0.00005086482,0.00018150319,0.000010670706,0.000085949636,0.00044199915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768484,0.00020697642,0.00035417196,0.000050723487,0.000021248503,0.00004618092,0.00008684326,0.0000084407575,0.0015405925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993096,0.000046167894,0.00014808295,0.00023554688,0.00010872549,0.0001518511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997633,0.000020772073,0.000031252108,0.00013608369,0.000006772278,0.000041802283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000919449,0.00011717672,0.00009685198,0.000041760613,0.00011435884,0.000036264682,0.000038488448,0.00007118165,0.00048494383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052903433,0.00005355448,0.000018193483,0.00001904079,0.00007155172,0.00040339289,0.000051546933,0.000022397253,0.0003332102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006332144,0.00008693376,0.011551136,0.0000032165076,0.000039205417,0.0000052860405,0.0029597362,0.0000490339,0.9066723,0.00012762114,0.000082378996,0.07835985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085396116,0.00011119612,0.0022851154,0.0000067500655,0.000022107899,0.000005531367,0.00012359107,0.00062468415,0.986458,0.0044881734,0.004913309,0.00010756171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003086815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000098098375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.079785734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118089214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.77026e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5309795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2317500293","doi":"10.1039/c5ra28091e","title":"Enhancing antimicrobial properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/hexafluoropropylene copolymer membrane by electron beam induced grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and iodine immobilization","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Hexafluoropropylene; Grafting; Copolymer; Polymer chemistry; Iodine; Materials science; Fluoride; 2-Pyrrolidone; Antimicrobial; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.008813768193693197,"score_gpt":0.22598253954125713,"score_spread":0.21716877134756393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2317500293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949259,0.0031981517,0.00087425974,0.0003054243,0.00008100352,0.0003262855,0.000014061954,0.00010261499,0.00017226042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99697614,0.0016776642,0.00094015955,0.000035621437,0.000024786943,0.000021260154,0.000005246173,0.000024603743,0.00029451612],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99823785,0.000051675237,0.00059698545,0.00043361317,0.00033429783,0.00034558136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991081,0.000067114466,0.0004381052,0.00029726335,0.000037519254,0.00005194912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026140962,0.00023300962,0.00039395835,0.00009449327,0.0001084068,0.000012668037,0.00025057574,0.000116195195,0.00018242968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023280886,0.00016437801,0.000044900273,0.00033054184,0.0004874757,0.00077829993,0.00017493867,0.00008818926,0.000014648773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010433839,0.000059404847,0.0018221741,0.00008814227,0.0000134335,4.1242737e-7,0.00013278278,0.00002356725,0.9831244,0.000024504696,0.00004199886,0.0145648625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059644063,0.00024548886,0.0003184711,0.00016648622,0.000019223664,0.0000075093008,0.00009082197,0.00002329445,0.99792737,0.00006029199,0.00032899133,0.0002156146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017391464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000927828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014802988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074259464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021987344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6703141},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320465118","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.03.052","title":"Developing high throughput thin film composite polyamide membranes for forward osmosis treatment of SAGD produced water","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; ConocoPhillips","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Forward osmosis; Concentration polarization; Microporous material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Nanofiltration; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.02570073243162069,"score_gpt":0.2750609148561531,"score_spread":0.2493601824245324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320465118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98702306,0.00008923557,0.0039222166,0.007588092,0.00046771008,0.00047818536,0.000012129914,0.000045089226,0.00037427616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97352797,0.00038150276,0.025259638,0.00010866905,0.00006530353,0.000017730008,0.0000010090604,0.00001679317,0.0006213998],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971132,0.00005475358,0.000859424,0.0004481572,0.00097119214,0.00055324147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984293,0.000230078,0.0005864125,0.00046684415,0.00015615863,0.0001312023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013099598,0.00025392964,0.00052108284,0.00024997976,0.00029590045,0.00005609959,0.0010271562,0.00008583036,0.00036853904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003231663,0.00012775007,0.00018075696,0.00052062835,0.0010583007,0.0012375291,0.00017763647,0.00006933908,0.000054085496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014215166,0.00009531778,0.0010688296,0.000043882694,0.00002672073,0.000004987556,0.000598726,0.0014601971,0.98896044,0.00028029951,0.00010751723,0.0072109224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013179341,0.00064104964,0.002100333,0.000095637726,0.0000398139,0.00007417785,0.00011182294,0.0002043916,0.99051934,0.0014462279,0.003237374,0.0002119057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000065086984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021022712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021337422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005371641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014788445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52094966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320819627","doi":"10.1021/la5003012","title":"Temperature-Responsive Hyperbranched Amine-Based Polymers for Solid–Liquid Separation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lower critical solution temperature; Polymer; Flocculation; Chemical engineering; Copolymer; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Particle (ecology); Amine gas treating; Particle size; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009886948735250766,"score_gpt":0.27076927990345645,"score_spread":0.2608823311682057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320819627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98645484,0.000023851457,0.0032512364,0.0023880964,0.00013426486,0.00042833068,0.000017419934,0.0003185806,0.006983404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397445,0.0000012054975,0.0018520985,0.0011364981,0.00006707939,0.00011719047,0.00006095025,0.000018572997,0.0027719613],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990736,0.000052918982,0.00016661717,0.00028514795,0.0001816822,0.00024003348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994724,0.00012100727,0.00007568845,0.00027308293,0.000013057833,0.00004478156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001839185,0.00014102709,0.00015452049,0.000050919974,0.00015035993,0.00003041877,0.00020888163,0.00013351871,0.0005406571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018770601,0.00012351695,0.00006377582,0.00018351007,0.00012094838,0.00013055795,0.00003869079,0.00007940714,0.00037789549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000272905,0.000038852817,0.00043071137,0.000014816114,0.00000849507,6.794463e-7,0.0001689655,0.0012860468,0.9845653,0.0009585242,0.010480775,0.0017738938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009097113,0.00037090448,0.005872263,0.0000068425347,0.000015541864,0.0000026020175,0.00008631402,0.00597655,0.9153537,0.00024415294,0.07087443,0.00028700187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025108646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051058738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06921165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006584326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010434953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5919816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2321367911","doi":"10.1149/ma2016-01/11/774","title":"Electrochemical Water Treatment Using Graphene, Graphene Foam and Graphene / Metal Oxide Composites","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Graphene; Graphene foam; Materials science; Oxide; Adsorption; Graphene oxide paper; Graphite; Electrochemistry; Graphite oxide; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Composite number; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015244406131506185,"score_gpt":0.2350601312783604,"score_spread":0.2198157251468542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2321367911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943836,0.00015292471,0.00008369658,0.0004066478,0.00005676153,0.00020009716,0.0000036922604,0.00023938931,0.0044732415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910456,0.00009560122,0.008599019,0.000058792917,0.000026910418,0.000017646038,0.0000067658516,0.00002684178,0.00012280671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815154,0.00004939339,0.0003829324,0.0005430466,0.00029999696,0.0005730757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924517,0.00014298761,0.0001328163,0.00032354682,0.000012545189,0.00014292361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026655555,0.00030143134,0.0002736899,0.00010298409,0.00023252807,0.000050446204,0.00020748925,0.00013886853,0.00013932856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007209644,0.00018107769,0.000101104415,0.00017070178,0.00035189767,0.00033088957,0.00014378715,0.0000986541,0.00011243157],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023934703,0.000073280804,0.013207842,0.0000046892956,0.000037041646,0.000009078499,0.000054205397,0.00036479282,0.985712,0.000017693086,0.00003483873,0.00046061748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004936634,0.00010489216,0.011883227,0.000031778003,0.000048971848,0.000041747164,0.000025957997,0.00007492046,0.9845747,0.0019290305,0.0005127801,0.000278335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027904598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004878781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008515322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012587964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069827815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7384134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2322367132","doi":"10.5991/opf.2012.38.0057","title":"RO Membrane Pusher Makes Quick Work of Fouled Membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Work (physics); Exertion; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Marine engineering; Aeronautics; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Medicine; Physical therapy","score_opus":0.017435709360395932,"score_gpt":0.24199366892753707,"score_spread":0.22455795956714114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2322367132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96018463,0.00033572616,0.00013578743,0.00048826257,0.00032552672,0.0002058461,0.0000063165835,0.0001728739,0.03814501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913388,0.000058562528,0.004868384,0.00011924529,0.000065545886,0.000022612026,0.000008539437,0.000018837536,0.0034994686],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877834,0.00004823924,0.0002622755,0.00022207998,0.0003367441,0.00035229407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992046,0.0000936301,0.00011302961,0.00049552234,0.000006882747,0.00008637276],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023901115,0.00015665033,0.00022321292,0.0000394437,0.00006305016,0.00001519787,0.0003626566,0.00013361196,0.011716887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009659584,0.0001319511,0.00007101843,0.00035180547,0.00024395122,0.00035820302,0.00016352719,0.000109799614,0.0018815113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016749444,0.0005196877,0.32341823,0.00009309062,0.0000938365,0.0000067879823,0.0022804365,0.0020553211,0.6013335,0.0008698143,0.019942319,0.04921948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049164763,0.000040825344,0.05618374,0.000027155078,0.000033896074,0.000004062944,0.0002891612,0.00015170344,0.88771576,0.0005893923,0.054115564,0.0003571094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017108776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048717673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28638223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004526187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052282676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99889565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324112169","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2012.010","title":"Factors affecting coagulation as a pretreatment to ultrafiltration membranes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Membrane; Fouling; Alum; Water treatment; Raw water; Permeation; Chromatography; Chloride; Filtration (mathematics); Humic acid; Produced water; Membrane technology; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.21571521924906437,"score_gpt":0.4391537407988184,"score_spread":0.22343852154975405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2324112169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942544,0.00002318657,0.00044469768,0.0010592035,0.00013922708,0.00040896586,0.000001650205,0.000076416065,0.003592267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838495,0.000011630575,0.00045614454,0.000043728945,0.00011636931,0.000015742544,0.000009769576,0.0000122864885,0.0009493952],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.996532,0.0008948791,0.00035383017,0.00021293713,0.0012537811,0.0007525271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990729,0.0002282377,0.00006470883,0.00025553835,0.000049030914,0.0003296012],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.005579078,0.0001382923,0.0001535791,0.00016173709,0.00066490786,0.00020987487,0.0002672545,0.00009362694,0.0031302911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007986884,0.000085588305,0.0000795213,0.00029119855,0.0001338363,0.000911384,0.00015518215,0.00042087308,0.0017956685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007560634,0.00022311715,0.24953927,0.000024416368,0.000036848793,0.0000033366696,0.016332865,0.0009416307,0.7275347,0.00024361862,0.0010215997,0.004022995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001889476,0.00019925374,0.12828267,0.000011610454,0.0000052636105,0.000031050124,0.0038877681,0.000023816581,0.86400837,0.0008515064,0.0023641877,0.00014556713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000514945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007862348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13647367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007051618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014891135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99898154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2324224015","doi":"10.2166/wst.2011.047","title":"Characteristics of different fractions of microbial flocs and their role in membrane fouling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Fraction (chemistry); Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Chromatography; Microbial population biology; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.012485639436226985,"score_gpt":0.2103544354834416,"score_spread":0.1978687960472146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2324224015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998146,0.000009724203,0.00042188863,0.0001713396,0.00006716403,0.00013380716,0.000003497853,0.000071291266,0.0009753026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99855626,0.000034346136,0.0013571049,0.000009863392,0.0000022371194,0.000010616028,8.0624903e-7,0.0000048491074,0.000023912386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898803,0.0000119567985,0.00030785834,0.00029370756,0.00011819055,0.00028024623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948347,0.000011777016,0.00010613439,0.00035613804,0.000016540314,0.000025921989],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022892578,0.00011023709,0.00022007663,0.00046867755,0.000074408854,0.000006545131,0.00055445405,0.00012844671,0.00018400597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006104596,0.00007409489,0.000019407093,0.00063735805,0.0023602028,0.00020213856,0.00052987126,0.00014947155,0.000016112333],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000066608923,0.00006486337,0.051166054,0.0000058607757,0.000001228858,7.754829e-7,0.0011060305,0.000005761513,0.94242,0.00041135045,6.891905e-7,0.0048106983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011076589,0.00008290554,0.03469587,0.000009933119,0.0000026284129,0.000010184709,0.00058590865,0.00033424475,0.9607711,0.003238877,0.00007717072,0.00008044637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011646344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000834219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018351039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044653392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009422995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8696266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325347121","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00432","title":"Effects of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Permeation and Fouling-Resistance Properties of Polyetherimide Ultrafiltration Membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Membrane; Polyetherimide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Phase inversion; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Materials science; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09311995848301166,"score_gpt":0.28156135394030873,"score_spread":0.18844139545729707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2325347121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99819773,0.00019309475,0.000009842031,0.0004534541,0.000030934516,0.0003022118,0.000001917278,0.000040749055,0.00077008817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99946415,0.000025679688,0.000021377104,0.000002955955,0.000057680056,0.00004035397,0.0000013397815,0.00001098859,0.0003754507],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876314,0.000057591584,0.00021107687,0.00017968749,0.0005958007,0.00019268294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930406,0.00029749674,0.0000671393,0.00023119822,0.00004335076,0.000056778863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007778933,0.000103231294,0.0001420352,0.00003554903,0.00005121671,0.000020745292,0.00024536188,0.0001496235,0.000031336174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002632521,0.00007593525,0.000022102848,0.0003125309,0.00031864588,0.00008760878,0.00007361621,0.00033086835,0.000004791495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093061724,0.000026956717,0.00015184196,0.00012470873,0.000008412556,7.612288e-7,0.00026456206,0.0029985348,0.99589044,0.000047946378,0.00015054508,0.00024225823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035490346,0.000051120438,0.00015777323,0.000120014505,0.0000044923495,0.000001268937,0.00019027253,0.0011679976,0.99759126,0.000034561697,0.00025622186,0.00007010839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009149572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002564334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018546279,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083438965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038661303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31515637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2327784155","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2014.008","title":"The efficiency of various chemical solutions to clean reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chromatography; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Citric acid; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane technology; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0839452372570628,"score_gpt":0.3643943656498238,"score_spread":0.28044912839276104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2327784155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98438424,0.000027998924,0.00132353,0.012116536,0.0000682723,0.0002290955,0.0000018272162,0.00004311363,0.0018053916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977448,0.00002693537,0.0010167668,0.00007878072,0.000069521724,0.000014877094,0.0000013918395,0.000011834158,0.0010351122],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99617434,0.00076614023,0.00057537336,0.00027653415,0.0013789502,0.00082866085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988957,0.00022990492,0.00009031246,0.00045904086,0.00012368459,0.00020133865],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010846978,0.00012209134,0.00019123706,0.00010650306,0.0011412281,0.00020174097,0.0009444416,0.00008776408,0.00049755955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012277269,0.000065255124,0.000094832925,0.00040207244,0.000865006,0.0002428462,0.0007104203,0.00063389295,0.00044308513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009387763,0.00011404144,0.0004994125,0.000041244704,0.000011822484,0.0000025293527,0.0021627743,0.00044982028,0.9762989,0.00018710137,0.003823285,0.016315183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003029892,0.00016372523,0.00056213036,0.000034801797,0.000006804288,0.000047175272,0.0010532717,0.0007213918,0.973461,0.004971413,0.018523058,0.00015225864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002078847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005530573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016162924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016994336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030104682,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87775195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329709622","doi":"10.1061/40976(316)172","title":"Stress Effects on Fouling of Flat Sheet Membrane Bioreactor Treating Biodegradable Wastewater","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Activated sludge; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane reactor; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.009364793429754659,"score_gpt":0.19089150176848832,"score_spread":0.18152670833873366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329709622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99603426,0.00018018956,0.000001554704,0.000144004,0.00009210662,0.00030425607,0.000030130856,0.00009079545,0.003122721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928875,0.00018383155,0.00029588453,0.00007994962,0.00003469856,0.000028760976,0.000039599974,0.0000323782,0.006417407],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998178,0.000070433496,0.00035947916,0.00051969127,0.00041993533,0.00045245478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929863,0.00008307818,0.00011576904,0.000378376,0.0000013470797,0.00012280344],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009215209,0.00033497385,0.00035789376,0.00014153548,0.00029748748,0.000025067988,0.00026821968,0.00009810419,0.0013553872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006601878,0.00022445775,0.000081142396,0.000100583995,0.00079607865,0.00021703613,0.00033179496,0.00017706626,0.00031903284],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012501545,0.00012825184,0.20064333,0.00006098347,0.00004189046,0.00008605947,0.0018202884,0.0010539303,0.79080397,0.0000026868147,0.00034169914,0.0048918724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006791716,0.00016852558,0.016176978,0.000060631646,0.000019981002,0.000028525366,0.00011716151,0.0003246921,0.97440946,0.000018218414,0.0076928586,0.00030381003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019074423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044985827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18446635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007161694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010645937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332159895","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.024","title":"Thermophysical properties of seawater: A review and new correlations that include pressure dependence","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":586,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Massachusetts Clean Energy Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Seawater; Thermodynamics; Enthalpy; Isobaric process; Compressibility; Chemistry; Salinity; Heat capacity; Work (physics); Isothermal process; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.07768760973655285,"score_gpt":0.30930609749505783,"score_spread":0.23161848775850497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332159895","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000019218925,0.99734384,0.00056394096,0.00023320103,0.000038550177,0.0009795284,0.00001135549,0.0000780567,0.00073230563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017292252,0.9954735,0.00022416188,0.000030092137,0.000017988685,0.00009008626,0.00001661078,0.000019260622,0.0023990846],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876744,0.00013570054,0.0003564517,0.00031454512,0.00030028078,0.00012556923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915135,0.00006017372,0.00039125074,0.00033625634,0.000016038573,0.00004490746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021306418,0.0002124302,0.00062705326,0.00005305805,0.00006108895,0.000017223503,0.00029577417,0.00019893715,0.00030608723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016437614,0.00012998705,0.00009346744,0.00019489898,0.00018415602,0.00029148677,0.00024922346,0.00014905419,0.00021877226],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013105204,0.000021332316,0.000021104219,0.009735916,0.000034792203,4.640024e-7,0.000057498182,0.0000020962623,0.00013470477,0.00054622616,0.001229391,0.98821515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009723565,0.000035621,0.000082520186,0.021278735,0.00072814216,0.000016835733,0.000003744026,0.000039532744,0.00062226766,0.0005571752,0.97624433,0.0002938667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004824822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001015165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9879213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005795131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044477954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53007185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332735166","doi":"10.1021/ef301452s","title":"Biomass Leachate Treatment and Nutrient Recovery Using Reverse Osmosis: Experimental Study and Hybrid Artificial Neural Network Modeling","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Filtration (mathematics); Reverse osmosis; Biomass (ecology); Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Distilled water; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Agronomy; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.044318076820524716,"score_gpt":0.26646282673833055,"score_spread":0.22214474991780583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332735166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99745363,0.0012252302,0.000596248,0.000042129326,0.00025007577,0.00019552239,0.0000031786055,0.00008543768,0.00014854287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885046,0.00008916711,0.0007497794,0.000058172875,0.000113414164,0.000041566,0.0000046256023,0.000016609561,0.000076221295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988327,0.000081741935,0.00023073872,0.00033803706,0.00015331857,0.00036348554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957925,0.000020734155,0.00007365847,0.00021882843,0.0000029962116,0.00010452106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016143546,0.00019621296,0.00018581588,0.000040121176,0.00025061073,0.00005129174,0.00007743147,0.00004691703,0.00009243393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007297877,0.00017379054,0.00003410453,0.0001145529,0.00009990562,0.00042341885,0.00020666375,0.00004667257,0.000009338585],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034883388,0.0025017152,0.03813372,0.000010348405,0.00017132782,0.00004387327,0.0035895687,0.07838571,0.83486915,0.0005372473,0.00040896685,0.040999558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012028345,0.0013795694,0.0008578332,0.000021163376,0.00011424128,0.00007221843,0.0045987223,0.0791758,0.90892875,0.0011844117,0.001718612,0.00074585783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008708375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054756776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07405961,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017647502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041450776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7086972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2333907090","doi":"10.2166/ws.2013.221","title":"Fouling of low-pressure membranes during drinking water treatment: effect of NOM components and biofiltration pretreatment","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Fouling; Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Water treatment; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Biofouling; Biopolymer; Membrane technology; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005293144173375608,"score_gpt":0.20464157757466667,"score_spread":0.19934843340129105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2333907090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976993,0.000041619354,0.000034995137,0.0008248493,0.000095493444,0.00089897186,0.0000033066076,0.00022599119,0.00017542361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987313,0.000031031657,0.00082084973,0.000008662163,0.000006503027,0.00016011477,0.000015607502,0.000016932101,0.00020898356],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976275,0.000049974984,0.00047618494,0.00070680736,0.00040677635,0.0007327728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910086,0.000019983192,0.00009362378,0.00068130763,0.000035159188,0.0000690828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032087328,0.00033918617,0.00045366795,0.000601921,0.00033552665,0.00006723892,0.0007209003,0.00022348083,0.00046445412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015049014,0.00016392826,0.00006382745,0.00032823693,0.002254581,0.0011177729,0.000758694,0.00012201148,0.0002103152],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021599099,0.00005646558,0.11363016,0.00006594705,0.000021804879,0.0000040326136,0.0011391501,0.0003063292,0.88359225,0.000013548386,7.7590795e-7,0.0011479127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000778107,0.00054169697,0.005461572,0.000037390757,0.000042036754,0.000032390897,0.00008428328,0.0006983356,0.99160033,0.00043966042,0.00007640571,0.00020779595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044979513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017090615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10816859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010763538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052681266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8307098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335184456","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2016.039","title":"Bench-scale study of ultrafiltration membranes for evaluating membrane performance in surface water treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Sedimentation; Membrane technology; Volume (thermodynamics); Water treatment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.19265853842921377,"score_gpt":0.4330500448187005,"score_spread":0.24039150638948675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335184456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969282,0.000013056695,0.00007729829,0.0015961265,0.000058896298,0.0010432666,0.0000053162503,0.000024359597,0.00025346747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980241,0.0001225913,0.0004932675,0.000008011663,0.000028864411,0.000079597514,0.0000045261545,0.000013769957,0.0012252424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959425,0.0010233647,0.00079502567,0.00035773468,0.0011911907,0.00069018104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899983,0.00032298782,0.00009612174,0.00037110716,0.00011549506,0.00009443091],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009458176,0.00015992869,0.00029991067,0.00014715797,0.00034290247,0.00006472842,0.00041073476,0.00008552221,0.0012370679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019214302,0.000073092844,0.00007942586,0.00016833824,0.00026766557,0.0007958527,0.00012364815,0.0002097862,0.00013041486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031454593,0.0005215763,0.04578434,0.000047087844,0.000021108272,0.0000021512542,0.0062169065,0.0033712715,0.9378377,0.000003391788,0.000017783443,0.0058621233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025485456,0.0022795592,0.010349915,0.000029173787,0.000007919942,0.000012124219,0.0022960831,0.00035713197,0.9812102,0.0004493856,0.00032565437,0.00013435201],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034048088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000543108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043372437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043552963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027767837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996759},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335257150","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2013.092","title":"Ultrafiltration membrane process for produced water treatment: experimental and modeling","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Polyacrylonitrile; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Produced water; Chemistry; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chemical oxygen demand; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.030944681974248992,"score_gpt":0.2806887519892372,"score_spread":0.24974407001498822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335257150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971517,0.00003960934,0.0010618237,0.0012897046,0.0000385545,0.00034885082,5.041245e-7,0.000017635286,0.00005167246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986756,0.00003937899,0.0010597907,0.000036933783,0.000036099365,0.00003840904,0.000007294771,0.000007782168,0.00009872753],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935544,0.000017118764,0.00025069198,0.00012726498,0.00013062499,0.00011883731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997551,0.000009219013,0.000065140506,0.000089670655,0.00004203518,0.000038867933],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016883202,0.00008920014,0.000113630835,0.000058825448,0.000093042174,0.000067809924,0.0000726508,0.000050347477,0.00006950112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002566708,0.00004755467,0.000022911188,0.000024475534,0.000035982604,0.0011561359,0.000022476035,0.000035649206,0.000010008669],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037678892,0.00005555127,0.0002490479,0.000012446814,0.000009130893,5.3837755e-7,0.002847588,0.002025404,0.9935499,0.000012291002,0.000020624368,0.0011797982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006522438,0.000375791,0.000052497067,0.00000766718,0.000014942676,0.000034672215,0.00035835776,0.018799769,0.97769445,0.0018543069,0.00008141646,0.00007388287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002068704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015530213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016774364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004783121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031293077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19392231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335286275","doi":"10.1039/c6ta01460g","title":"Improving the performance of TFC membranes via chelation and surface reaction: applications in water desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Desalination; Chemical engineering; Chelation; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Polymerization; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.007483266310253076,"score_gpt":0.21338252110415223,"score_spread":0.20589925479389914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335286275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991948,0.000016487167,0.00021591359,0.00037950667,0.000025792246,0.0000754462,0.0000011448885,0.000006851518,0.00008406598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99952793,0.00007895915,0.00025627157,0.000003918457,0.000024698364,0.000004077632,0.0000010312513,0.0000036143883,0.00009951104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939483,0.00001960261,0.00031489134,0.00007085227,0.00013063241,0.00006916052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995366,0.000038695656,0.00028635163,0.0001050813,0.00001989375,0.000013386484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049796404,0.00005563117,0.000098429264,0.00001113057,0.00003755536,0.0000114365985,0.00011202995,0.000054807602,0.00021173175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003455607,0.000027343487,0.0000127090225,0.000048443904,0.0000954091,0.000282386,0.00004188807,0.000039944625,0.000005799822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002293599,0.000011403887,0.0018179489,0.000045398407,0.0000022191593,1.7966718e-7,0.00006237197,0.00012383795,0.9970298,0.0000017940965,0.0000040199056,0.00087812846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017959317,0.000014136084,0.0061295484,0.000020932344,0.0000058699825,0.000027573864,0.000039623585,0.00005470147,0.99325407,0.00009144339,0.00014369357,0.000038808732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001148376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010394099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005174368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050335193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23183143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335831909","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.047","title":"Optimal aggregate size distribution for the formation of highly efficient nanosheet dynamic membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Membrane; Nanosheet; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Turbidity; Particle size; Aggregate (composite); Substrate (aquarium); Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008597016049802625,"score_gpt":0.24424799477528128,"score_spread":0.23565097872547866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335831909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95162773,0.00010672682,0.043738723,0.0036158306,0.00037359408,0.0003375701,0.000030341413,0.000025197516,0.0001443024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99712694,0.00022280523,0.0024194883,0.000034368928,0.000021752028,0.000008974603,7.19263e-7,0.0000067595693,0.00015820106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771345,0.00004316459,0.0006722515,0.00020947187,0.0010245976,0.00033705792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977601,0.00071121455,0.0009327969,0.00034512594,0.00016628705,0.00008445824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024190228,0.00014230427,0.00022992164,0.00007118771,0.00032055817,0.000048068967,0.0011223438,0.00006135822,0.00014074043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018952412,0.00007107253,0.0001379785,0.0007122248,0.001441242,0.00091048866,0.00015685831,0.00009807227,0.000024785368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011329655,0.00004866347,0.00003408744,0.000025356034,0.0000057300595,0.0000013707265,0.00016020707,0.026419662,0.96275,0.0002517601,0.00020780406,0.009982057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008289424,0.00026436255,0.0021223784,0.00008326178,0.00003123787,0.0000958508,0.00021698997,0.026543152,0.96747273,0.00021775746,0.0019984583,0.00012488446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007396028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066965144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045499217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002776469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008418889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5310316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335989635","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.080","title":"Influences of acid–base property of membrane on interfacial interactions related with membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor based on thermodynamic assessment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012951700893990536,"score_gpt":0.2542619590779739,"score_spread":0.24131025818398336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335989635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99294245,0.00000889736,0.00027783064,0.002773871,0.000060076844,0.0006770744,0.000030847463,0.0003688498,0.0028600914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99816316,0.000018611829,0.0014644186,0.000060881506,0.0000051232887,0.000108983644,0.0000057123552,0.000036293226,0.00013680982],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99753845,0.00012647017,0.00075357483,0.00067637494,0.00049292727,0.00041222866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982409,0.00020511232,0.0005416866,0.0009181933,0.00003663739,0.000057508696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035980492,0.00036188908,0.0005547898,0.0009779294,0.000068805515,0.00000960967,0.00077737926,0.00037632234,0.00086129346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032831894,0.00019697877,0.00008728359,0.0013201869,0.0014491046,0.0001652361,0.00019098978,0.00044637048,0.00006951861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048431172,0.0004541311,0.018868394,0.000034381617,0.000032144882,0.000015656444,0.00010862895,0.001864549,0.96143985,0.00036164795,0.000007714924,0.016328562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018926607,0.0013721281,0.010123177,0.00059795886,0.000027004735,0.000011918153,0.00031076034,0.005157956,0.97969013,0.00016693714,0.00032770992,0.00032165772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020403489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033915095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018250253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031609787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058158057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.943056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338181669","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2015.011","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Zeta potential; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.17617199678324597,"score_gpt":0.40118732542333585,"score_spread":0.22501532864008988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338181669","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956835,0.000012767274,0.0001306516,0.0015014461,0.00009190958,0.00021370142,0.0000015705745,0.000026390322,0.002338088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987085,0.000033257274,0.00053150003,0.00001707238,0.00004426669,0.000008649288,0.000013823439,0.000008680376,0.00063427404],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965189,0.0010684552,0.0006676188,0.00020294297,0.0010956574,0.000446439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926746,0.00011337514,0.00011190612,0.0002293613,0.00013611937,0.00014180229],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011393587,0.000094741896,0.00019530558,0.00024203933,0.000099907214,0.00007274991,0.0003409248,0.00012225413,0.0006736702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00091801863,0.00006545938,0.00004567672,0.00035604514,0.0002868604,0.0006180293,0.00012827445,0.00059287256,0.00031587278],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015831662,0.0000912258,0.023948587,0.000019439813,0.000008805184,0.00001680853,0.0047562793,0.002310894,0.9664889,0.00008888081,0.00064735906,0.0014645029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009624539,0.00017076572,0.008261683,0.00002380391,0.0000022281972,0.000022607072,0.0018549336,0.00077280705,0.9828674,0.00417998,0.0007750051,0.000106309686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059927825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033198192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016378522,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033189342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040232902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7376216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338986833","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.054","title":"Separation of macromolecular proteins and removal of humic acid by cellulose acetate modified UF membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Republic of the Philippines; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Humic acid; Contact angle; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Polymer chemistry; Cellulose; Polymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015515055324923735,"score_gpt":0.2636439604509345,"score_spread":0.2481289051260108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338986833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98703927,0.00042028463,0.010657806,0.00084492145,0.00009412432,0.0001465771,0.00004199642,0.000016333735,0.0007386695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954256,0.00048566645,0.0038803841,0.00005334373,0.00001894856,0.0000041341837,0.0000054159386,0.0000075045873,0.000119035874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983678,0.00012101789,0.0006775074,0.00021047941,0.00047443202,0.00014877354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988614,0.00009156352,0.00073804666,0.00013375841,0.00011398274,0.00006129828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034325654,0.00015348798,0.00029226358,0.00009572326,0.000023230266,0.00001681649,0.0005530634,0.00013398669,0.00028573378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033999915,0.00009251183,0.00011689475,0.00010071098,0.000596868,0.00018655519,0.0002084514,0.0001000784,0.000012446688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022801667,0.00010131363,0.001318591,0.000007775295,0.00006233218,0.000083668485,0.000047735055,0.000033834374,0.9885498,0.0006740844,0.00010790884,0.008784907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073096174,0.00041127825,0.0019810286,0.00005262347,0.000012549325,0.0003595067,0.000028286437,0.0000706416,0.9898344,0.0058261286,0.0005761636,0.00011638731],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019763236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029306648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00866852,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005295676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012966854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37725228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2339249685","doi":"10.1515/ijcre-2015-0183","title":"Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactors for Thermomechanical Pulping Pressate Treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Biofilm; Effluent; Aeration; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Thermophile; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Bacteria","score_opus":0.015402226199613855,"score_gpt":0.2501590632131575,"score_spread":0.23475683701354366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2339249685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907995,0.000018802544,0.00722797,0.0010568575,0.00048497252,0.000119008684,0.000014159898,0.000071255614,0.00020750391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969348,0.000066170076,0.0027197793,0.000023185265,0.00018209878,0.000012902787,0.0000035294954,0.000020341766,0.000037247148],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988534,0.000008104503,0.00040738907,0.00015871815,0.000383149,0.000189245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992002,0.00030530212,0.0002125857,0.00012124757,0.00006451112,0.0000961481],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015632609,0.0001499456,0.00019250308,0.000084235595,0.0000052656924,0.000028486176,0.0004258794,0.00010009879,0.00030849484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007018757,0.00009362761,0.00014030172,0.00007408901,0.000037381404,0.00029976768,0.00006298865,0.00008850079,0.000020167216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000091288435,0.000048458463,0.00015813667,0.000002310202,0.00008517112,0.000010492013,0.000024995354,0.00006110736,0.98777324,0.00017170286,0.00012316,0.011449952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008021469,0.00008562529,0.00009536343,0.00006030233,0.000014613761,0.000052645213,0.000003973145,0.00082802837,0.9874881,0.00012732336,0.010323685,0.00011820346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007688406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.091648e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011331748,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005053796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015599751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38180232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342427966","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.042","title":"Spray- and spin-assisted layer-by-layer assembly of copper nanoparticles on thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane for biofouling mitigation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Copper; Composite number; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Layer by layer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.06579720703306476,"score_gpt":0.3392937959816625,"score_spread":0.27349658894859774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342427966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99242425,0.000019901576,0.000090974456,0.0060291956,0.00003584807,0.00055055134,0.000026791302,0.00006448815,0.0007580274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99710625,0.000043505603,0.0011379753,0.00008756316,0.000012418706,0.00007363749,0.000010251101,0.000018761244,0.0015096462],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980687,0.00017180287,0.00028569505,0.00040915943,0.00060231006,0.0004623264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992762,0.0001695786,0.00005522841,0.00035460517,0.000053429038,0.000090939655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001191521,0.00013171473,0.00018134603,0.00011490542,0.00023206897,0.000052762105,0.00027366623,0.00012135616,0.0003066559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017065364,0.000078471036,0.00004256096,0.00019442372,0.00045928935,0.0002796896,0.0002339275,0.00012454009,0.00035496688],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013472594,0.00007246117,0.0027773432,0.000035741956,0.00001232301,0.0000015441522,0.00018386288,0.000047945665,0.98903173,0.00009197177,0.005114226,0.0024960963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006995175,0.000279797,0.0025607606,0.00006626893,0.000006730391,0.0000021972844,0.00008404957,0.00036354692,0.99156654,0.00033700638,0.0039086044,0.0001249804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014657956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003347822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005941632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105952044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008070616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45624995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2342658771","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.033","title":"Micropollutants removal from water using microfiltration membrane modified with ZIF-8 metal organic frameworks (MOFs)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Imidazolate; Human decontamination; Metal-organic framework; Polyethylene glycol; Zeolite; Water treatment; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.008830217619153357,"score_gpt":0.1979412372694535,"score_spread":0.18911101965030014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2342658771","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7972871,0.00003532756,0.20199108,0.00029790468,0.00014263726,0.000063142594,0.0000050184367,0.000115962175,0.00006182367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93906415,0.00001776264,0.060607273,0.000046705452,0.0001408393,0.000001877048,0.0000033542253,0.000037477617,0.000080583835],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986631,0.0000164136,0.0003102076,0.0002874555,0.00031940488,0.0004033722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994667,0.000051552983,0.00008140356,0.00024667938,0.000015394584,0.00013826617],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014619275,0.0002244501,0.00022169146,0.000055574925,0.000085512984,0.000067466746,0.00032365153,0.00029334045,0.0023182163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010768155,0.0001277893,0.000062739455,0.00014946134,0.00013097921,0.00036342992,0.00010723152,0.00054394954,0.00013863963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035213558,0.000017544899,0.0000534501,0.0000028976983,0.000034109093,0.00004177349,0.000061066916,0.0037247404,0.9948947,0.000007654142,0.000038421003,0.0010884564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053819537,0.000020087427,0.000060407136,0.00006285167,0.000030533378,0.0006238092,0.000013515979,0.005826723,0.99218476,0.00015792478,0.00023134402,0.00024982696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000105662975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5433794e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14177702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030932896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000133856765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985938},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343110169","doi":"10.3168/jds.2016-10914","title":"A process efficiency assessment of serum protein removal from milk using ceramic graded permeability microfiltration membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microfiltration; Diafiltration; Permeation; Membrane; Chromatography; Skimmed milk; Chemistry; Dilution; Permeability (electromagnetism); Fractionation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02214575182027875,"score_gpt":0.29726353802501754,"score_spread":0.2751177862047388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343110169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940074,0.000020351708,0.004672933,0.0004932838,0.00016515325,0.0002915212,0.000012367437,0.000023392042,0.00031357325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849841,0.0000060152797,0.014914134,0.000021357078,0.000024671772,0.0000020545524,1.9645746e-7,0.0000062186145,0.00004125491],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972496,0.00009164034,0.000717667,0.0003628611,0.0012788838,0.00029936808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846894,0.000069976406,0.00085835543,0.0003780239,0.000121535806,0.00010319913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016792079,0.00014658716,0.0002638697,0.00016574828,0.00019527636,0.00004326937,0.0009801728,0.00007089403,0.00038991042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050682557,0.00009452529,0.00008064231,0.0009149587,0.0014345761,0.0014815168,0.00013975531,0.00016851387,0.000007905442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001797486,0.00010331193,0.01862826,0.000012152456,0.0000033765796,0.000005869787,0.00020775732,0.0008775882,0.97773916,0.000030530824,0.0000049984565,0.002369014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047097952,0.00019994026,0.109701045,0.00010583837,0.000011447693,0.00007041899,0.00022346838,0.0034827369,0.88414586,0.0014452505,0.000014866855,0.0001281766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004758339,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012005796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09359333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043260286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003807311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52857554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343176190","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.060","title":"Batch process of polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration to recover mercury (II) from wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sheridan College; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Mercury (programming language); Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Permeation; Aqueous solution; Polymer; Polyethylenimine; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009596926008556555,"score_gpt":0.25136975339378087,"score_spread":0.24177282738522432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343176190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934057,0.00002042971,0.0014008661,0.0028828913,0.00034416,0.00013804385,0.000008078499,0.000023126398,0.0017766785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747914,0.00003795111,0.0017106689,0.00012814862,0.000047270747,0.0000035183507,2.574899e-7,0.000008261717,0.00058481115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974983,0.00003928105,0.0006360986,0.00032123807,0.0011996233,0.00030546729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987672,0.00008970225,0.00051710027,0.000348581,0.00010735474,0.00017005639],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009590907,0.00014394149,0.00026592097,0.00020081122,0.0001461858,0.000032516935,0.0010790104,0.000068225156,0.0017370941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005665392,0.00008688236,0.00006989047,0.00088631536,0.0005362627,0.0016500485,0.00013866625,0.000114554045,0.00014229654],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070684924,0.00004803666,0.0004565371,0.0000045454826,0.0000047841777,0.000001844111,0.000776572,0.00042845836,0.9896337,0.000019102932,0.00020409985,0.008351644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035267894,0.00031691155,0.00257691,0.0000887597,0.000009864044,0.000015696733,0.00029984026,0.000029422672,0.9954705,0.0005154436,0.0001901752,0.0001337725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043905675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020633684,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008217871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013378957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011007429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2343641786","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.33698","title":"Influence of zeolite shape and particle size on their capacity to adsorb uremic toxin as powders and as fillers in membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Creatinine; Adsorption; Zeolite; Particle (ecology); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Dialysis; Particle size; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Surgery; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Medicine; Geology","score_opus":0.03291800357519768,"score_gpt":0.30736263254557855,"score_spread":0.27444462897038086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2343641786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958051,0.000019955429,9.174399e-7,0.0033977062,0.000102122685,0.0005097906,0.00005752633,0.000022401342,0.00008450834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991499,0.00034910804,0.00015800392,0.00020150316,0.0000615786,0.00003913269,7.927137e-7,0.00001580106,0.000024186835],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99670255,0.00039832047,0.0010150668,0.0003710202,0.00096728944,0.00054572575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99822116,0.00076027494,0.00031593457,0.00027745575,0.000050099403,0.00037508403],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004089989,0.0002110855,0.00058333215,0.0002466302,0.00008031972,0.0000857415,0.00044549917,0.00021640462,0.0022771677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021091185,0.00012488203,0.000029811568,0.00042830958,0.0014028222,0.00022159239,0.00041366846,0.000080184465,0.00017746605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009841948,0.000097084354,0.00023105327,0.000070693706,0.000017556378,0.000017033226,0.0003435174,0.000006789015,0.996168,0.00016909657,0.0003962925,0.0014986729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009779027,0.00074637006,0.009940828,0.00023950302,0.0000042704223,0.000038444174,0.00019679902,0.0000015728854,0.9826889,0.003348437,0.0016692411,0.0001477098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014889552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009961254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013479094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010853024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004400005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986349},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2346071095","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2016.03.023","title":"The influence of aggregation of latex particles on membrane fouling attachments &amp; ultrafiltration performance in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated water and wastewater","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Ammonium bromide; Fouling; Chromatography; Polysulfone; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Pulmonary surfactant; Particle (ecology); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Zeta potential; Turbidity; Materials science; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.012216703366820684,"score_gpt":0.23537942353888391,"score_spread":0.22316272017206323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2346071095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994583,0.000023990233,0.000012508185,0.00021894363,0.000034945824,0.00014579055,0.000002775828,0.000003405176,0.00009933083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991981,0.00053818856,0.00019876077,0.000009441032,0.000005217911,0.0000025520924,7.3745605e-7,0.0000035576459,0.000043439974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983452,0.00008598291,0.0006905875,0.00015120099,0.0005500112,0.00017704163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910885,0.0001633705,0.00056222104,0.00012254251,0.000009406711,0.00003360903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009954541,0.000105616185,0.00018052716,0.00008299424,0.00009990899,0.0000138978485,0.0002578901,0.000054379703,0.000090269066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007157951,0.000051947703,0.000034545094,0.0001380513,0.0011575851,0.0008095912,0.000045390232,0.000072514675,0.0000084080375],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068299574,0.00005555198,0.20248115,0.0000076187143,0.0000050381027,3.2481546e-7,0.0004188365,0.00920771,0.78323627,0.000012563707,0.0000019404865,0.0045047025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036063825,0.00039030344,0.34800002,0.000078478246,0.000005567194,0.00000506752,0.0001527758,0.00015028905,0.6506853,0.00009844999,0.000025492058,0.00004758408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023123552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000359433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14551888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006865954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000076175697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42651704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2350269550","doi":"","title":"Control of membrane fouling and regeneration in microfiltration separating of attapulgite by ceramics membranes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Ceramic; Flushing; Filter cake; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007792008669382849,"score_gpt":0.22023795588212625,"score_spread":0.2124459472127434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2350269550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99087954,0.00010279267,0.0058772927,0.00034670584,0.000018667371,0.00039894946,0.0000047618996,0.00003422432,0.0023370537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995612,0.00007315585,0.0039328355,0.000066933426,0.000004643217,0.000022423921,0.000012190861,0.000007128252,0.00026868586],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899817,0.000049207225,0.0004500928,0.00020359369,0.0001670645,0.00013189197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995092,0.00008945132,0.00019754775,0.00016106073,0.000018792267,0.00002391676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002220838,0.00010535265,0.0002042636,0.000057961315,0.000033963897,0.000019696965,0.00010353928,0.00009526006,0.00046503427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007764513,0.00009578795,0.00002142475,0.00019666248,0.00015278453,0.00044002134,0.000036548263,0.00006641759,0.00001677004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000072351736,0.000023417033,0.017333323,0.000031029886,0.0000038464577,1.2323129e-7,0.00014942714,0.004962722,0.97546345,0.00024893746,0.00019349247,0.0015829835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045035183,0.00004521701,0.0037397796,0.000010566537,0.0000047970143,0.0000023161638,0.00018668924,0.081878744,0.9133056,0.0002416987,0.000041050112,0.00009320911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010634727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020445867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.076916024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002735935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054455377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50917995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2357113140","doi":"","title":"Preparation and Ions Retention Properties of TiO_2 Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Inorganic Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Discovery Air (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Calcination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mesoporous material; Particle size; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.03271181933138058,"score_gpt":0.2324983538777022,"score_spread":0.19978653454632161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2357113140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99877375,0.000069559355,0.0001085526,0.00006491531,0.00018605361,0.00012874372,0.000001913528,0.00001688522,0.00064961036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985302,0.00015349493,0.0011592875,0.00001299535,0.000024289904,0.0000024756039,9.107757e-7,0.0000058577225,0.000110496694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990578,0.000072773386,0.00052642624,0.00008463952,0.0001849296,0.00007341627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924344,0.000007696615,0.0005703487,0.00011430363,0.000039994327,0.000024210578],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044548625,0.000073318646,0.0001720148,0.00005886894,0.00004560865,0.000021132253,0.000118189106,0.00006743661,0.0019153745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012920907,0.000054218934,0.000022807897,0.00008832775,0.0001129657,0.00050978776,0.000044203123,0.000034724795,0.000024153227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007920449,0.000030395831,0.0005788284,0.000037499605,0.000009486209,7.2021334e-7,0.0008920076,0.0000043595232,0.99795026,0.00015618326,0.00012189924,0.00013916988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015530048,0.00024883702,0.0072835786,0.00003576786,0.000022249265,0.00006147809,0.00018891726,0.00000624571,0.99114776,0.0007182635,0.000075321805,0.00005628721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042690353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013889332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006802493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028095654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014149228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99899703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2360266035","doi":"","title":"Preparation of a novel anti-fouling PVDF UF membrane modified by UV grafting using N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide as monomer","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Keji daobao","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"","keywords":"Monomer; Attenuated total reflection; Membrane; Scanning electron microscope; Grafting; Fouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.05310483908010878,"score_gpt":0.31611807974109474,"score_spread":0.26301324066098597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2360266035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9788327,0.00014511902,0.01251432,0.00013452672,0.00013890887,0.0003763291,0.0000144719825,0.00019874197,0.007644839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98399234,0.000019413581,0.01535994,0.00008190829,0.000026857255,0.000016787146,0.000022450731,0.000027765445,0.00045256538],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979454,0.000059530692,0.0005466198,0.00049533,0.0005891569,0.00036393045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890286,0.000063799234,0.00035343386,0.0005220484,0.000040708615,0.00011715098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070787576,0.00023357989,0.0003312848,0.000079849655,0.00012023251,0.00004872067,0.0003915026,0.00019684616,0.00017882606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039433225,0.00023201325,0.00006864636,0.0005240681,0.0002286865,0.0005937756,0.00025322163,0.00017769888,0.00015654281],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034611538,0.00010966611,0.0021188385,0.000015465655,0.000018473405,0.0000016452794,0.00052654475,0.11206346,0.8834932,0.00012995565,0.00043645443,0.0010517215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000933632,0.000102582,0.00034406706,0.00002886943,0.000031536507,0.00001436816,0.00043385007,0.13578087,0.86033726,0.000368037,0.0012960498,0.00032885524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019755703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005878587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023717413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020011394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035807567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9461226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W236041936","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.037","title":"A review on polyamide thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes: History, applications, challenges and approaches","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":756,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.3198059234888001,"score_gpt":0.38531418539924206,"score_spread":0.06550826191044196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W236041936","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000018867926,0.9667286,0.0000020490697,0.00084299874,0.000033199118,0.0034704956,0.000010123267,0.00015844796,0.028752202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000006535377,0.99002725,0.00018147331,0.000094177696,0.000050985433,0.0030941842,0.00011520593,0.00006176901,0.006368414],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9957679,0.00092113856,0.0005565844,0.0010700951,0.0010449499,0.00063936145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818105,0.00010327608,0.00013061536,0.0013605517,0.000028805463,0.00019569778],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003541622,0.00043888847,0.0011661819,0.00028732655,0.00016448392,0.000046120545,0.0012335263,0.00037356594,0.0006625189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076126824,0.00027294148,0.00015002926,0.00024373119,0.00072775205,0.00016121984,0.0010713573,0.0009800809,0.006212705],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004457198,0.0000691358,1.796937e-7,0.038923316,0.000026456,0.000006132597,0.00025074848,0.0000019118393,0.000010412376,0.00033854728,0.01884402,0.9415247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007252263,0.000084224244,3.878129e-7,0.0066240286,0.00005622468,0.000034774283,0.000036759924,0.000011862413,0.000057249403,0.00027048893,0.9924406,0.0003109059],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006497879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021279313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9735966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000957428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000762064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2387507946","doi":"","title":"The effect of organic matter on Ultra-Filtration membrane filtration flux","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Dispersity; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chemistry; Fraction (chemistry); Size-exclusion chromatography; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Organic matter; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006335529620346133,"score_gpt":0.2305511804284387,"score_spread":0.22421565080809255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2387507946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87184334,0.0000052389096,0.0029493156,0.000543917,0.000101391146,0.0003471352,7.1029683e-7,0.00010338271,0.12410557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953202,0.0000071765235,0.00014277117,0.00015915258,0.000015672498,0.000009352969,0.000007974304,0.000008896035,0.004328832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990011,0.000056886554,0.0002587261,0.00018540975,0.00031225386,0.00018566688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990881,0.00043784943,0.000098680066,0.00034277735,0.0000057141797,0.000026886857],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075051613,0.00011250764,0.00010003032,0.0000314508,0.00013954457,0.000025299358,0.00022413542,0.00008233734,0.007059656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013221949,0.000066867404,0.000037936145,0.00024391063,0.00015853561,0.00015451234,0.00002030184,0.00009884468,0.0026876298],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061030867,0.000014488043,0.00909095,0.0000069360594,0.0000051969337,5.7839225e-7,0.000042478347,0.00019392838,0.98043185,0.00032137719,0.005923656,0.0039075254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018129946,0.00029948662,0.024424037,0.0000034718744,0.000005842406,0.0000034176628,0.00004349051,0.00007630939,0.9738995,0.00007722145,0.00091064227,0.00007529684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026952976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022229651,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12347683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005833693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002975931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2398877736","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22542","title":"MBBR followed by microfiltration and reverse osmosis as a compact alternative for advanced treatment of a pesticide‐producing industry wastewater towards reuse","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Effluent; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Microfiltration; Environmental science; Wastewater; Nanofiltration; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Industrial wastewater treatment; Reuse; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Activated carbon; Adsorption; Membrane; Engineering; Biofilm","score_opus":0.012445542627929095,"score_gpt":0.2259989989550893,"score_spread":0.2135534563271602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2398877736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964352,0.0000733989,0.00017196212,0.003101366,0.000049265996,0.00012180605,0.000012101364,0.0000062102267,0.000028677594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892426,0.000011222323,0.00092481886,0.000025660303,0.000025271425,0.000004004102,7.859319e-7,0.000008768938,0.00007518299],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994209,0.000008599436,0.00020631238,0.00009341908,0.000118300326,0.0001524673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999491,0.00007564758,0.0001111725,0.00014752412,0.000017959674,0.00015672237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013341638,0.00009184876,0.00014986863,0.0000403247,0.000029282872,0.000012110537,0.00019761051,0.00007851537,0.000088975365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058866065,0.000054353215,0.00004161088,0.00006432257,0.000084053616,0.00012659069,0.000013037822,0.000084206265,0.000001455497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024227385,0.0000062402205,0.00080942764,0.000005162042,0.000023497823,0.0000039956044,0.00039516148,0.0011791716,0.9951685,0.000010472275,0.0006485517,0.0017255925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005385333,0.00012423669,0.00020117813,0.00007177269,0.000018282359,0.000038192113,0.000024817831,0.00024247752,0.99785614,0.00011497865,0.00069931056,0.00007005571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013913047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009419212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030757058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032698485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006523997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22164598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2399895761","doi":"","title":"The Use of Coagulation as a Pre-treatment to Ultra-filtration Membranes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Mathematics; Statistics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020062500353153292,"score_gpt":0.24223477702444607,"score_spread":0.22217227667129277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2399895761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99771625,0.000022224804,0.000058000616,0.00041533608,0.00009954258,0.00069464167,0.000016861268,0.00006597938,0.0009111672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49940833,0.00033255573,0.002280161,0.000014641955,0.0000109499,0.0000022945815,0.0003052638,0.00001949948,0.4976263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884325,0.000050086164,0.00018687284,0.00030428666,0.00041782562,0.00019765561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990103,0.000121729274,0.0003402869,0.00041827885,0.000051081017,0.000058274516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013295487,0.00019552735,0.00024721643,0.00013919709,0.0002476643,0.000025006473,0.00032487107,0.00024148184,0.00039237193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055837903,0.00017051061,0.00011070131,0.00029683398,0.00016501886,0.00031730995,0.000033523196,0.00008679365,0.00015954579],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021074917,0.0003628878,0.004931233,0.00024847928,0.00025937482,0.000020956377,0.192526,0.03263185,0.7121156,0.00064724055,0.0052761594,0.048872765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073046377,0.0009806595,0.05991969,0.00013201179,0.00023749574,0.0000041545863,0.075728744,0.0007770149,0.8393963,0.00026505886,0.021282222,0.0005461892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05660552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16093525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4983079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019211245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028234139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94967663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2406898480","doi":"10.1159/000424215","title":"Efficiency and Biocompatibility of Membranes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Contributions to nephrology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Hamilton Health Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Biocompatibility; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03277657578467342,"score_gpt":0.3460588496297816,"score_spread":0.3132822738451082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2406898480","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005912361,0.99543,0.00078909064,0.00025091742,0.000096735144,0.0013437627,0.00033297602,0.000112020076,0.0010532567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001397555,0.99775136,0.00035579505,0.0000894269,0.00002430987,0.00017435785,0.00006828909,0.000014216998,0.00012468387],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982136,0.00023069319,0.0005901751,0.0004908638,0.0001699284,0.00030475506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987091,0.00022768519,0.00025759658,0.00061963423,0.00005453506,0.00013145311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006393734,0.00025582025,0.0012290574,0.00015486215,0.000085271524,0.000010183501,0.00043999127,0.00039629932,0.00045515675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007272229,0.00020750792,0.0001158626,0.0006433108,0.0007226962,0.000057300753,0.0005386483,0.00020731162,0.0005673854],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016491605,0.0001671384,0.000060099846,0.0015313108,0.000064021035,0.000004877974,0.00009080739,0.00008340049,0.00012899927,0.0024779437,0.010198517,0.9851764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014463624,0.00013660404,0.000031833177,0.000097096796,0.0001402795,0.00002640594,0.0000063217035,0.000028567156,0.000044554432,0.00055467075,0.99861443,0.00017460075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006798184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048650312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9884159,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019789253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009562309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8461928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2411055054","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.008","title":"Tuning anti-adhesion ability of membrane for a membrane bioreactor by thermodynamic analysis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane; Adhesion; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Biochemical engineering; Biophysics; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009901371134201161,"score_gpt":0.23738199338339047,"score_spread":0.2274806222491893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2411055054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98685956,0.00007410611,0.0093130935,0.0019804498,0.00003174176,0.0005341213,0.00011686593,0.00067387626,0.00041616958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99729055,0.000053675427,0.0022745586,0.000032297485,0.000006960525,0.000087827226,0.000018034756,0.000027516135,0.00020856292],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99795,0.000054780212,0.00053050957,0.0007108018,0.00028570587,0.00046819815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982229,0.0002442173,0.00036125566,0.0010782749,0.000030333274,0.00006302534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004319443,0.00027149866,0.0005710768,0.00053623365,0.000110886744,0.000009482069,0.0008657756,0.0005065938,0.0008804056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048425264,0.00018694013,0.00022150233,0.0017665833,0.001296805,0.00012027577,0.00032658028,0.000121084435,0.00007596336],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003635465,0.000093241986,0.03476739,0.000016732642,0.000094017385,7.87442e-7,0.00003448104,0.000018736891,0.9526011,0.00030424944,0.00021991391,0.011813028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067590753,0.00019747768,0.011428353,0.000016921094,0.00017264899,0.000003240222,0.00012606212,0.0013754393,0.97906315,0.0008157553,0.0058285277,0.00029652068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000109934306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049587048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026462078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015512807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011648541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9639824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2413164017","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2016.1140595","title":"Biopolymer removal in full-scale conventional and advanced drinking water treatment trains at two large adjacent plants","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Biopolymer; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilter; Water treatment; Flocculation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Polymer; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014137859072474581,"score_gpt":0.25109841375016234,"score_spread":0.23696055467768776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2413164017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966811,0.00007459097,0.00011812638,0.0021244443,0.0000634787,0.00035317926,0.000029550461,0.00006509421,0.0004904549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945081,0.0003328196,0.00040609163,0.00007337867,0.0000111739255,0.000098093806,0.00010050027,0.000011281071,0.0044585485],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888176,0.000046721816,0.00021681337,0.00038085144,0.0001593797,0.00031450222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997327,0.000019097535,0.00003424916,0.00014098482,0.0000046990413,0.000068286136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009898462,0.000191683,0.00016364084,0.000078715944,0.0001410583,0.000021621201,0.000046883106,0.000061806895,0.0008690748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001864309,0.00009210443,0.000035651323,0.000030571508,0.00011362188,0.00027202116,0.00008337223,0.000020136204,0.00019978387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002278469,0.0005527613,0.04048006,0.0000052175405,0.000045506196,0.00006192754,0.0024571458,0.000036455986,0.8727619,0.0005058333,0.000030151468,0.08283518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064092367,0.0003653565,0.014488391,0.000019859115,0.000016545506,0.000060903025,0.00013089646,0.00017998897,0.9572191,0.0004377034,0.020472072,0.00019992868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006688658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009362889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08445721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058122474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031667068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.951576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2413262586","doi":"10.2175/106143009x12487095236757","title":"Effect of Membranes on Refractory Dissolved Organic Nitrogen","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Aeration; Effluent; Wastewater; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Nitrogen; Dissolved organic carbon; Fouling; Environmental chemistry; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017556433343923896,"score_gpt":0.29545771235335566,"score_spread":0.2779012790094318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2413262586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99266833,0.000010838977,0.0000069066646,0.00034836016,0.0000612954,0.00049754675,0.0000030793547,0.00006274891,0.006340902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976607,0.00006028006,0.00010321041,0.000014313554,0.000028324715,0.00007765407,0.000014928488,0.000027716678,0.002012846],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99731034,0.00032018268,0.00024340252,0.0004695954,0.0011026171,0.0005538878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986723,0.00026283108,0.000040922085,0.00091219007,0.000004225022,0.000107529595],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019870691,0.00018275708,0.00020846815,0.00012248445,0.00016958387,0.000023355233,0.00064509653,0.0001730872,0.024917806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013118467,0.00011422758,0.000064308646,0.00013136919,0.0008540349,0.00013574638,0.00059837586,0.0007023666,0.008852913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009778845,0.00011606028,0.013528493,0.00002522495,0.000009803175,0.000006690367,0.0001385315,0.00005841137,0.98198056,0.000021738657,0.0003380805,0.00367861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003288222,0.00085795845,0.0027284266,0.000004277009,0.0000057767456,0.0000024565381,0.000019730944,0.000043998607,0.97668785,0.00041864777,0.018776702,0.00012537798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006550757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001904505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01843862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000116837786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000413193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9919188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418416697","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.092","title":"Towards a continuous two-phase partitioning bioreactor for xenobiotic removal","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Chemistry; Wastewater; Chromatography; Mass transfer; Volumetric flow rate; Hydraulic retention time; Aqueous two-phase system; Aqueous solution; Phase (matter); Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020487400188561475,"score_gpt":0.29374159273448847,"score_spread":0.273254192545927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2418416697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924812,0.000027159444,0.00449674,0.0013330653,0.0007280386,0.0002412443,0.000054459004,0.00005440756,0.0005837311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910092,0.000027247506,0.008269948,0.00009418443,0.0002112515,0.000009237824,0.0000017225269,0.000017745924,0.00035946158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860954,0.00006267507,0.0006530747,0.00015330406,0.00026294347,0.00025844984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896616,0.00008416642,0.0006348309,0.00019052417,0.000046304092,0.000078043384],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008273854,0.00013492847,0.0003645958,0.000069984795,0.00007793417,0.00008069577,0.0002746726,0.00007435343,0.0025718003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055501866,0.00008215506,0.000098141405,0.00006982331,0.00015274467,0.0003406664,0.00006971542,0.00004166156,0.00018232292],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022403465,0.000071494906,0.00007689927,0.0000085658285,0.000020021345,0.000046319066,0.000049894446,0.000006499274,0.9819778,0.00024865603,0.00385136,0.013418428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025897573,0.00057394913,0.00029460457,0.00006590292,0.000035400673,0.00041331563,0.000055605316,0.000004479544,0.9770437,0.0027239493,0.016060298,0.00013903878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014691545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052862247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013279389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014317413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003351233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2426096264","doi":"10.2175/106143007x194329","title":"Use of Chemical Coagulants to Control Fouling Potential for Wastewater Membrane Bioreactor Processes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Alum; Wastewater; Coagulation; Chromatography; Bioreactor; Ferric; Chemical oxygen demand; Flocculation; Pulp and paper industry; Chloride; Permeation; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06482366114755617,"score_gpt":0.31675465320784657,"score_spread":0.2519309920602904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2426096264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933103,0.000007684796,0.0045586633,0.0006756387,0.000035290737,0.0012470859,0.000028445405,0.000045993213,0.000090914844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943527,0.000015231147,0.0046461313,0.000052031966,0.00004346654,0.00011753244,0.000030092535,0.000028022067,0.00071479456],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972007,0.0000520727,0.00040339498,0.0005169786,0.000962991,0.00086381164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991199,0.00019470773,0.000045320237,0.00044501424,0.000022339951,0.00017275634],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013511581,0.00017609975,0.00023708974,0.00015710042,0.00010509051,0.0000472976,0.00044107458,0.00014855494,0.0011356237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019199133,0.00012304487,0.000058879352,0.00015498612,0.00044351496,0.00023954916,0.00042989216,0.00018507197,0.0006198429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037289129,0.00014118657,0.0018410106,0.000053630185,0.000016477226,0.0000060316092,0.00028122548,0.0016054814,0.99414164,0.000006768102,0.0003812583,0.0011524191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005396832,0.00019022354,0.00081675895,0.00001194852,0.000009536415,0.0000038260177,0.00007480105,0.00033045094,0.9890408,0.000115070136,0.008704639,0.00016225952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000088679895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000077280765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008323381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017633675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000080090895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2433635125","doi":"10.3390/membranes6020033","title":"Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Membrane Fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":471,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Quorum Quenching; Wastewater; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Quorum sensing","score_opus":0.04496667195957447,"score_gpt":0.3071800662667298,"score_spread":0.2622133943071553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2433635125","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00091801025,0.9900032,0.00006634115,0.0013679685,0.0005505478,0.004018016,0.0002140061,0.0010019047,0.0018599778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00016168448,0.98989874,0.0018100061,0.000036221,0.0001890798,0.0017481357,0.00014554897,0.00015419134,0.0058563757],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99617094,0.00013007768,0.0011272995,0.0014238132,0.0003253983,0.0008224903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973824,0.00056245766,0.0006433509,0.0012205188,0.000027315598,0.00016392749],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040372426,0.001074614,0.0022551909,0.0005684306,0.00034739962,0.000118097756,0.0007855382,0.0011591046,0.001474427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024031756,0.000682491,0.00046517863,0.0006528423,0.0006885497,0.00037469712,0.00036345804,0.00025441885,0.0010880503],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022660028,0.00008206532,0.000009254863,0.006438927,0.00019835656,0.000012638712,0.00008573334,0.0000040606333,0.0032934276,0.00034365838,0.0003144893,0.98919475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073274545,0.00024117254,5.368081e-7,0.0021082403,0.0004483407,0.00015667031,0.000039194332,0.00002316715,0.02224345,0.00031843482,0.972873,0.00081507146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028120832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032722786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98837966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046651042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000071867864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2435365399","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.028","title":"Membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: High filtration resistance of gel layer and its underlying mechanism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":256,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Porosity; Materials science; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.10765198099037518,"score_gpt":0.33898581001441924,"score_spread":0.23133382902404406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2435365399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955834,0.000029252415,0.00017807752,0.0022496867,0.000029011999,0.0003543768,0.000006121185,0.000049415503,0.0015206309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971207,0.00016926714,0.00057134527,0.0000123520695,0.000008399501,0.00004339998,0.000003074345,0.0000147807605,0.0020566843],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99809504,0.0001666066,0.00028250166,0.0003883379,0.00062604324,0.00044144603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994644,0.0001067606,0.00004138885,0.00030177456,0.000029048872,0.000056636487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013647692,0.000111648595,0.00016725487,0.00020985953,0.00010208956,0.000030861334,0.00028921443,0.00012355202,0.0008788472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018364881,0.000068471374,0.000019641042,0.00028944833,0.00020740686,0.00040790148,0.00026443193,0.00017876651,0.00021228587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051393363,0.000024502324,0.0005063911,0.000041982825,0.0000036903168,0.0000070851975,0.00038112712,0.000013869084,0.9950118,0.003337047,0.00003101143,0.00059010263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004517176,0.000052482214,0.0018007414,0.000065436914,0.000001646927,0.0000018527397,0.00010344008,0.00015553254,0.98879284,0.008117496,0.00035302495,0.00010380802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029397468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007385193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006218977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013427126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011601205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9622761},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2437854155","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2016.1195879","title":"Impact of electrocoagulation of soluble microbial products on membrane fouling at different volatile suspended solids’ concentrations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Electrocoagulation; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Volatile suspended solids; Environmental engineering; Suspended solids; Environmental science; Wastewater; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010645053399114143,"score_gpt":0.23776786976729083,"score_spread":0.2271228163681767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2437854155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978281,0.000025642323,0.0002551345,0.00055419694,0.00006928962,0.00055895146,0.000033075732,0.00013713482,0.0005384515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986933,0.0000677761,0.000517847,0.000008107447,0.000012631318,0.00003268114,0.00002545266,0.000022960152,0.00061922835],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983439,0.00004034928,0.0004698673,0.0004721144,0.00028823075,0.00038554298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989389,0.00006168136,0.00035538553,0.0005969956,0.000004858999,0.00004216182],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007944706,0.00024382077,0.00033439026,0.0001676608,0.00010444329,0.0000038649623,0.0003522507,0.00024295301,0.0038705922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007267551,0.00017512003,0.00010391253,0.00025014853,0.0009446541,0.00015632805,0.00031206387,0.00013015202,0.00021456394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010687092,0.00023968557,0.09245064,0.0000052777996,0.00003054759,9.568633e-7,0.000036944846,0.00025650192,0.904108,0.00034679798,0.00024309414,0.0021747188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000778752,0.00066405337,0.049190663,0.000017141518,0.000016054193,0.000010952181,0.000018530684,0.00010984956,0.9479164,0.0009410224,0.00016262545,0.00017399594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018369416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026559523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0438084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075096585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010958272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99704003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461724569","doi":"10.1515/jnet-2016-0017","title":"Multistage Pressure-Retarded Osmosis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Salinity; Osmotic power; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Process (computing); Pressure gradient; Environmental science; Process engineering; Component (thermodynamics); Osmotic pressure; Energy (signal processing); Salt water; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.008548633826860967,"score_gpt":0.2344668142501745,"score_spread":0.22591818042331352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2461724569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97777855,0.000065802546,0.011136812,0.0011665056,0.00034844276,0.00016476672,0.000018543504,0.00006537748,0.009255218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933121,0.000066805376,0.0038609924,0.00008620241,0.00006873124,0.0000028815905,7.236412e-7,0.000030011377,0.0025715502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983065,0.00006448199,0.00056260766,0.00021988995,0.00053126045,0.00031525065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868613,0.00012965301,0.0005697417,0.00045105672,0.000041703643,0.00012170038],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046890916,0.00020008137,0.00031482874,0.000090706235,0.000049415572,0.0000363056,0.0007806664,0.00015229284,0.0016588187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018338476,0.00012584779,0.00017781593,0.00019277203,0.00028817757,0.0006734925,0.00024718727,0.00019277417,0.00025291578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011556304,0.000084441934,0.007174367,0.000011051124,0.00007053492,0.0000320351,0.00013276574,0.0017513243,0.9722308,0.000103799975,0.0018199515,0.016473377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0112549,0.0026668222,0.37762943,0.0005556079,0.0006650541,0.00092595373,0.0004839114,0.18090041,0.32412165,0.01967677,0.07822214,0.0028973373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016865879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000134127995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64810914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001657381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028957416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2463838301","doi":"10.3390/membranes6030038","title":"Impact of PAC Fines in Fouling of Polymeric and Ceramic Low-Pressure Membranes for Drinking Water Treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Biofouling; Ceramic; Activated carbon; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.013471945432438867,"score_gpt":0.2620198473284267,"score_spread":0.24854790189598783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2463838301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985459,0.00049569627,0.00006595312,0.00021781775,0.000041544114,0.00037099147,0.000019247434,0.00004342332,0.00019943604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988573,0.0004295524,0.00020756702,0.000007792838,0.00001327229,0.000043680564,0.0000037472928,0.000016747405,0.00042034738],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989099,0.000034452285,0.000340455,0.00028809317,0.00014718875,0.00027990396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993888,0.00018019332,0.00011060567,0.0002760251,0.000010364678,0.000034011806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013848911,0.00019125624,0.00037133895,0.00011682187,0.000042162243,0.000009420613,0.00017686437,0.000093352646,0.0004355265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054958116,0.00010007457,0.00010908364,0.00012839375,0.00024454136,0.00026536238,0.00008530049,0.000028123686,0.000008232578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000102853955,0.00007725503,0.06082217,0.0001660446,0.00004042419,0.000001388746,0.00061363884,0.0012649123,0.9255195,0.0000189405,0.0000066805997,0.011366176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011228854,0.00028588204,0.020546984,0.000071405346,0.000025788182,0.000005285868,0.0000908413,0.0005010556,0.9765707,0.0004096616,0.00021450043,0.00015496962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007111103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016178182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051051226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050095634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000096260155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47687098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2466584735","doi":"10.1039/c6ra12115b","title":"Molecular dynamic simulations of pressure-driven water transport through polyamide nanofiltration membranes at different membrane densities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyamide; Molecular dynamics; Amorphous solid; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Computational chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00857874798120144,"score_gpt":0.2403221427290754,"score_spread":0.23174339474787395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2466584735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99058545,0.00039183666,0.0067882496,0.00072132115,0.00010580033,0.0003218132,0.0000564859,0.00016739173,0.0008616325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99707544,0.00041119364,0.000918994,0.00004426792,0.000008450039,0.00002630066,0.000034399527,0.000020747388,0.0014602318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850285,0.000052954678,0.0003754509,0.00037193205,0.00040745208,0.00028937653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993254,0.00009601711,0.00013136528,0.00039059515,0.000018318788,0.000038311355],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004661982,0.0002186895,0.00027245824,0.000045625813,0.00013213752,0.00000770138,0.0002590898,0.00009740995,0.0015175365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025177065,0.000128479,0.00008682606,0.00009699811,0.00044696403,0.00073099,0.00008281492,0.000048450314,0.00008753382],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039712668,0.000039263014,0.0043309536,0.000055770874,0.000023798335,0.000003202764,0.00035896845,0.049639817,0.94459325,0.00030930486,0.000006282637,0.0005996488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035409007,0.000057974325,0.0028806755,0.000033917604,0.000041682,0.0000046518517,0.000060455637,0.0015748155,0.98919153,0.0026761603,0.0029117155,0.00021234372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041026666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004724271,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048065003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080087295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043029986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2468956877","doi":"10.3390/membranes6030037","title":"Efficiently Combining Water Reuse and Desalination through Forward Osmosis—Reverse Osmosis (FO-RO) Hybrids: A Critical Review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; National Centre of Excellence in Desalination; European Commission; Australian Government; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Reuse; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Water treatment; Osmotic power; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.049189040264370903,"score_gpt":0.3316267651553275,"score_spread":0.28243772489095664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2468956877","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000120554956,0.9930275,0.00016069622,0.0018939867,0.00034057855,0.0013707216,0.000045957353,0.00035485713,0.0026851257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00018358394,0.9963225,0.0011350435,0.0006695322,0.000055619334,0.00036060726,0.00008378937,0.000083226376,0.0011060815],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99611527,0.00039081613,0.0010606013,0.0010815698,0.00066164363,0.00069012743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99764806,0.00057101925,0.00028231402,0.0013247239,0.000037573318,0.00013628633],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095283915,0.0007031224,0.0017605195,0.000119064985,0.00031765198,0.000113031805,0.0010365761,0.00041264106,0.0025094156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014441051,0.00043008427,0.00039084628,0.00038662355,0.0007290077,0.00059480645,0.0010080517,0.00039174876,0.0030450064],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014741994,0.00020699744,0.000021237453,0.08650093,0.00014081386,0.000072780604,0.00037349135,0.000003915753,0.00023017397,0.0010071158,0.030286387,0.8811414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022783196,0.00007018225,0.0000020032674,0.024207478,0.0005989633,0.0001058107,0.000018696237,0.000008545399,0.0009625849,0.0007404982,0.97241443,0.00064294104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004134624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000063581374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94212806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022263844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031202464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998151},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2469965299","doi":"10.1080/19443994.2015.1108427","title":"Forward osmosis for treatment of oil sands produced water: systematic study of influential parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Volumetric flow rate; Produced water; Petroleum engineering; Water flow; Flux (metallurgy); Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Oil sands; Reverse osmosis; Asphalt; Materials science; Geology; Membrane; Metallurgy; Composite material","score_opus":0.04195151319228315,"score_gpt":0.2774870082595339,"score_spread":0.23553549506725072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2469965299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983601,0.000025274972,0.0000713855,0.00015420417,0.000057902027,0.0012186224,0.0000081552935,0.000038981972,0.00006537902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822116,0.000018484907,0.00058559346,0.0000061036394,0.0000046121063,0.0006802765,0.000038846545,0.000009411327,0.00043550946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989243,0.000068751135,0.0004005191,0.00024475707,0.00020969613,0.00015198288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953187,0.000026734368,0.00010426339,0.0002520747,0.000034376546,0.00005065704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017966401,0.000157727,0.0003615727,0.000079440884,0.000049900773,0.00001685301,0.000068362046,0.000047391757,0.000014543162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017992837,0.000080230435,0.00005673406,0.00005600609,0.00006207314,0.00013206598,0.0000318283,0.0000075538305,0.000013507346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002640745,0.030115524,0.14183696,0.006238365,0.003195401,0.000020910516,0.26327935,0.019113135,0.4493396,0.0003592539,0.00025218705,0.08360855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042499523,0.005157695,0.00048822953,0.000033208595,0.0002533952,0.00000205206,0.0016949142,0.00053562317,0.9872198,0.00014216508,0.00011347951,0.00010947911],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030686802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004900446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5378802,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022385393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005041916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32717022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2471063573","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/27/34/345702","title":"Solvothermal synthesis of nanoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>: the impact on thin-film composite membranes for engineered osmosis application","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanoporous; Membrane; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Forward osmosis; Scanning electron microscope; Polyamide; Transmission electron microscopy; Membrane structure; Surface modification; Attenuated total reflection; Reverse osmosis; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007209903418460425,"score_gpt":0.22640946796699488,"score_spread":0.21919956454853445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2471063573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98415005,0.0000571274,0.010603509,0.0035660004,0.00005993549,0.00079391635,0.00005334764,0.0004773621,0.00023876491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99868184,0.00012219667,0.00057386153,0.00007270168,0.000015166585,0.0004547104,0.0000037560676,0.000031174914,0.000044569086],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862224,0.000044772984,0.00034312898,0.00040546205,0.00022738153,0.00035700237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998273,0.0005965576,0.00025231123,0.0008241828,0.000022942844,0.000030966312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029289827,0.0002384178,0.00030694233,0.00013286833,0.00014436016,0.000009755554,0.00074964453,0.00042281914,0.00009157286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028733964,0.00013140972,0.0001376728,0.000340022,0.0005782723,0.00010868466,0.00013628525,0.00012919388,0.00022517196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008395941,0.00006803202,0.00028801023,0.000013968061,0.000030915504,5.2520187e-7,0.000027879894,0.0023693768,0.92543536,0.0007638109,0.00039642118,0.07052175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003225782,0.00019766761,0.000954596,0.000018602117,0.000023692815,0.000009911443,0.00002752882,0.00265643,0.99213606,0.0026481848,0.00083180185,0.00017296075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053061252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023621658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07034879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015448513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013896949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5358733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2472369295","doi":"10.2175/106143006x99812","title":"Treatment of High‐Strength Pet Food Wastewater Using Two‐Stage Membrane Bioreactors","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Pet food; Stage (stratigraphy); Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Food science; Biology; Engineering; Botany","score_opus":0.04816701503488241,"score_gpt":0.2970933717114415,"score_spread":0.2489263566765591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2472369295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996598,0.000026632637,0.000029929997,0.0002660268,0.00004307981,0.0005678919,0.00003761127,0.0000650919,0.002365741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921495,0.000079865036,0.0019233034,0.0000034864179,0.000044651882,0.00006275161,0.000083905274,0.0000365626,0.005615974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968021,0.00020285939,0.00043933373,0.00063001795,0.00108355,0.0008421273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989336,0.000059938662,0.000072282564,0.0008315414,0.0000061646037,0.00009643081],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038267227,0.0002805691,0.00030504444,0.00021051877,0.00020169995,0.000044771583,0.00040511315,0.00008912481,0.007376053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006668481,0.00018431505,0.00009536328,0.0001786413,0.0008540344,0.00022462623,0.00043595585,0.00016321249,0.0010982902],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044274933,0.0005638782,0.014366069,0.000015049304,0.000026198344,0.00004430897,0.00020293318,0.008880093,0.9749527,0.00017391215,0.00007422444,0.00065635267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000923246,0.00066086627,0.0034866359,0.000004876278,0.000013228001,0.000013114906,0.000116099596,0.0006149483,0.980698,0.00046293467,0.012791855,0.00021423544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004556996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012244828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012717631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007335159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008472266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2473165320","doi":"10.1039/c6ra09354j","title":"Functionalized MWCNTs in improving the performance and biocompatibility of potential hemodialysis membranes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Biocompatibility; Membrane; Hemodialysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Surgery; Medicine; Engineering; Metallurgy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009097006592967683,"score_gpt":0.22854209262886974,"score_spread":0.21944508603590204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2473165320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99814475,0.00036407486,0.00059760775,0.00028712736,0.000047789756,0.00013525726,0.0000031350628,0.000027091506,0.00039318262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987724,0.0003946604,0.00063889887,0.000017643943,0.000008108547,0.000015969048,5.2549814e-7,0.0000028971158,0.00014890837],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992913,0.000037196318,0.00018631153,0.00019945178,0.00017304883,0.00011269651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959296,0.00009309341,0.00009845619,0.0001945271,0.0000063919456,0.0000145607555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024778713,0.000071925344,0.000114768496,0.000029287641,0.000065179935,0.000006074434,0.00014750623,0.000029674027,0.0005539721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008641628,0.00003750487,0.000022065884,0.00016201845,0.00039442294,0.0003930999,0.00010385214,0.00003610255,0.000019375757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008898024,0.000045887242,0.22786106,0.00005325568,0.000006601073,5.55567e-7,0.0001341471,0.002218492,0.36924577,0.00006126302,0.000029293304,0.4002547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012091763,0.00010002051,0.5676435,0.000033470507,0.000016548423,0.000005481491,0.00024567198,0.0048171286,0.4199527,0.0023445308,0.00340554,0.00022623953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000068863046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009495072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40002847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029851319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004842896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6065606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2478467140","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10003-x","title":"Formation of Flat Sheet Phase Inversion MD Membranes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Pervaporation; Phase inversion; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Synthetic membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Desalination; Chromatography; Materials science; Membrane technology; Porous medium; Chemistry; Porosity; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02514643841822474,"score_gpt":0.24128276303863455,"score_spread":0.21613632462040983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2478467140","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0018479233,0.00022883926,0.000028145943,0.00002301936,0.0001422126,0.0005182316,0.000023387018,0.00014100331,0.99704725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.025226958,0.00052777014,0.000549907,0.00012571711,0.000035128443,0.0000222131,0.000056308796,0.000049861308,0.97340614],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985199,0.000019484494,0.00051088596,0.00033631423,0.00041569152,0.00019772154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880457,0.000026244099,0.0004723235,0.0006105092,0.000018946539,0.00006739407],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018673282,0.00031216195,0.00038465945,0.00013852982,0.00008120644,0.000012758668,0.00044250034,0.00038637803,0.005619366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019521647,0.00028401765,0.00015406606,0.00002108687,0.0003795283,0.00021844602,0.0003017716,0.00024582725,0.0016038725],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003575415,0.000012415564,0.0000025970328,0.0001316538,0.000016845086,0.000006106502,0.00047690433,0.0000056868557,0.010809919,0.0012681832,0.002020222,0.9852137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046867473,0.00015149961,0.0000015048598,0.00013746378,0.00006551235,0.000008975141,0.000020786527,0.00007981775,0.13278916,0.013118616,0.85281336,0.00034460635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024646681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029038416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9848691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112006564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001441589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2480941063","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2016.05.02.5","title":"The Economics of Reverse Osmosis Desalination Projects","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Osmosis; Chemistry; Membrane; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012233688404704797,"score_gpt":0.2482646241091076,"score_spread":0.2360309357044028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2480941063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98911625,0.00012003497,0.0010891267,0.008467973,0.000103444596,0.00014392957,0.0000015069661,0.00002881464,0.00092892005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99588245,0.0022810032,0.0013218168,0.00004591448,0.00001542448,0.0000059822682,2.4421672e-7,0.0000055778173,0.00044155624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999106,0.000039899372,0.00049121387,0.00011354274,0.00012896271,0.00012040757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989689,0.00014187665,0.00061180757,0.00019720705,0.00005564432,0.000024552855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005435504,0.00008387766,0.00017699353,0.0001562139,0.00010408785,0.000012877332,0.0002471541,0.00015053521,0.000061494626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036844393,0.00004620563,0.000042447336,0.000235386,0.0004259048,0.00032223173,0.0000716891,0.000097122145,0.000018135948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019817994,0.00007904536,0.010455503,0.000018948944,0.00006374619,0.0000045696747,0.0002470607,0.00022501989,0.7468227,0.02792246,0.0041601397,0.2098026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009075292,0.0005652244,0.0016658353,0.000030278317,0.000029720652,0.00013894953,0.00043051943,0.0002277372,0.9456548,0.016405335,0.033818837,0.00012521267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004652834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030552063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20967738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006273116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023092556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1884211},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2481216157","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2006.035","title":"Post-Treatment of Anaerobic Bioreactor Effluent Using Jet Loop Reactor (JLR)","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Kjeldahl method; Effluent; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic exercise; Ammonia; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.12629256276579093,"score_gpt":0.39600687604855017,"score_spread":0.26971431328275924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2481216157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978641,0.00008313288,0.00006789602,0.00089573796,0.000081426944,0.000273637,0.00002162873,0.00003923529,0.0006731867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99735343,0.00006712035,0.0016736566,0.000016855662,0.00009410841,0.000006924483,0.000016180935,0.000016831214,0.0007548884],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99640805,0.00067644124,0.00065969356,0.00030635577,0.0012403647,0.0007091069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897695,0.000119573044,0.00015642658,0.0004688188,0.0001253435,0.00015291225],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023294848,0.00018030347,0.0002931012,0.00022626294,0.0002748386,0.00012267256,0.0004271221,0.00012362127,0.002184714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013348337,0.00010893493,0.000166426,0.00027573336,0.00060827925,0.0003521699,0.00021502604,0.0003331356,0.00039517492],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008101387,0.0003743292,0.036897223,0.000011226247,0.000025113186,0.00002976046,0.0003426654,0.00013394549,0.96005654,0.00007224607,0.00034975633,0.0016261492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005837475,0.0005275599,0.03594711,0.000016546628,0.000009985709,0.00006654027,0.00031827312,0.000072556366,0.9550433,0.0012174388,0.0060357023,0.00016123118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007495267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003876793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0071075875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008870805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005096615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2481579649","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.021","title":"Effect of bioavailability on the fate of hydrophobic organic compounds and metal in treatment of young landfill leachate by membrane bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Chemistry; Bioavailability; Environmental chemistry; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane bioreactor; Phthalate; Organic matter; Biodegradation; Adsorption; Bioreactor; Humic acid; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007655308660875047,"score_gpt":0.21640138554549537,"score_spread":0.20874607688462032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2481579649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980592,0.000122036916,0.0000015768776,0.00015590612,0.000018740617,0.0002974919,0.000026084117,0.00001808243,0.0013008422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951816,0.00014588553,0.000023852699,0.000003501321,0.0000016905109,0.00001182785,0.0000025595355,0.000007747504,0.0002848074],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991929,0.000080250815,0.00024380893,0.00021335528,0.00015081839,0.00011887153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991991,0.0002637894,0.00015209093,0.00035857497,0.0000051245815,0.000021333537],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023584004,0.00013567631,0.0003037596,0.000008561437,0.000016669012,0.0000024790725,0.00015571763,0.000069582595,0.0009979707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005992697,0.00006425485,0.00004594715,0.00016589828,0.0005330307,0.00005505569,0.000058379654,0.000034527333,0.000022898526],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008429519,0.00010904681,0.05321993,0.000029535395,0.000014516846,3.6719692e-7,0.00012071016,0.0000013147302,0.94335854,0.0000054464567,0.000056447978,0.0029998235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008065431,0.0007187043,0.0069069895,0.000020251648,0.000015416615,0.000001178492,0.000037449576,0.00002894803,0.9912317,0.000028896307,0.00013966746,0.000064262276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003365751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000096553915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047873124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009290851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000487157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2483323368","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2016.007","title":"Simultaneous regeneration of exhausted zeolite and nitrogen recovery using an air stripping method at alkaline pH","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Stripping (fiber); Chemistry; Air stripping; Ammonia; Zeolite; Ammonium; Nitrogen; Chromatography; Volumetric flow rate; Regeneration (biology); Waste management; Materials science; Catalysis; Wastewater; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.1497485129018563,"score_gpt":0.4180717099221836,"score_spread":0.2683231970203273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2483323368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9808681,0.00004558299,0.017849775,0.00087051286,0.000037848586,0.00017296636,0.000013792574,0.000029422054,0.00011202815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834131,0.000121281744,0.015429493,0.000037276754,0.00007088968,0.0000029749335,0.0000059614345,0.00001346677,0.00090555515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99619335,0.0016300019,0.00054449966,0.00030907258,0.0008570096,0.00046607942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884194,0.00037391356,0.00015264747,0.00033676764,0.00012315076,0.00017155003],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007074999,0.0001181584,0.00021260261,0.00016909721,0.00041405793,0.00006315605,0.0002818957,0.000120826575,0.0009974167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008253857,0.000069830065,0.00005626199,0.00018797777,0.00036802187,0.000659475,0.00040576706,0.00026343038,0.00005100902],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015489438,0.00003995233,0.0024351978,0.0000130021,0.000020095387,0.00001423248,0.00035186135,0.0035430249,0.97610885,0.000025157138,0.00008296584,0.017210754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005013854,0.00021210086,0.00034296475,0.00003546715,0.0000071703566,0.00017191014,0.00023066925,0.004965028,0.9842747,0.008110132,0.0010170705,0.00013139781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003198441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011506133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017079355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042006903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026388134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2484062057","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10008-9","title":"MD Membrane Characterization","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Characterization (materials science); Membrane distillation; Scanning electron microscope; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Capillary action; Permeability (electromagnetism); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.018752904987933625,"score_gpt":0.2157538080391187,"score_spread":0.19700090305118506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2484062057","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00037524776,0.000055230983,0.00002395471,0.00004081018,0.000258292,0.000515924,0.000025128702,0.00034283227,0.9983626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013914355,0.0003010983,0.0002792816,0.0003060592,0.000080731385,0.000039803417,0.00009622321,0.00007974156,0.9974256],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984161,0.000016517126,0.00040102407,0.0005394937,0.00036694616,0.00025990824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881744,0.000015817424,0.0003238651,0.0007461353,0.000012733487,0.00008399121],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014733421,0.00038606275,0.00036022638,0.000092081114,0.00010467737,0.000031701748,0.0004957366,0.00046446561,0.02014703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015622996,0.00036766828,0.00012775674,0.00001739106,0.00032632105,0.00011223574,0.00032250045,0.0003490289,0.010109624],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008079032,0.00000577585,0.000011116696,0.00002112865,0.000020243047,0.00001184477,0.00012282674,5.392542e-7,0.013987171,0.004396215,0.0002751485,0.9811399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009813007,0.00003940854,0.0000877339,0.000056329733,0.000038672562,0.000010887689,0.0000012937888,0.0000036753208,0.011295002,0.008368265,0.9795914,0.0004091513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010830785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019255707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9807308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012055787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016778948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2488561455","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(16)30149-5","title":"Recent progress in polymeric hollow-fibre membrane preparation and applications","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Spinning; Materials science; Membrane distillation; Polymer; Polymeric membrane; Membrane technology; Nanotechnology; Polymer science; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00892948379355532,"score_gpt":0.2550125050505293,"score_spread":0.24608302125697398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2488561455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9744191,0.0013672742,0.00079960166,0.014859329,0.00007147025,0.0013794407,0.000010944262,0.0012745663,0.0058182376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99497,0.0017389432,0.0013775293,0.00009665932,0.000017301209,0.00088164007,0.0000069254506,0.00002529362,0.000885701],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820745,0.000047606074,0.00040177978,0.00067533075,0.00022888863,0.00043892235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999003,0.00006117683,0.00015337071,0.000704753,0.000014286786,0.000063418775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022478591,0.00023148263,0.00027872418,0.00036444428,0.00011135933,0.000020857942,0.00045426405,0.00034474602,0.0007544075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084688305,0.00017655035,0.000027266282,0.0013622124,0.0009910163,0.00030123786,0.00033662718,0.00016979576,0.0005862573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005372311,0.00012831559,0.037269425,0.00001986749,0.0000101542855,0.0000092584405,0.0000659637,0.0000147456785,0.31229886,0.0034962094,0.00020921782,0.64642423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014868487,0.00026209658,0.010331939,0.00003669281,0.000017540766,0.00010751363,0.00013433526,0.00015345184,0.8375063,0.004847451,0.1445951,0.0005207458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012536896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012356897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64590347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014776883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018777968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8260233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2494091213","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.06.019","title":"An integrated knowledge-based and optimization tool for the sustainable selection of wastewater treatment process concepts","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Modelling & Software","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Process (computing); Selection (genetic algorithm); Effluent; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Operations research; Artificial intelligence; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.012374802481110076,"score_gpt":0.24740795021834813,"score_spread":0.23503314773723805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2494091213","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44274628,0.000050185918,0.5565363,0.000051080162,0.000013362995,0.00051399844,0.000015541875,0.000068056295,0.000005172702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9723349,0.0000693722,0.026539423,0.000012633108,0.00000957323,0.00021628592,0.000027908121,0.000022061811,0.0007678048],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991007,0.00003718874,0.00019746687,0.00031977234,0.00012752379,0.00021738342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952775,0.00012798353,0.00009580873,0.00020570222,0.000007682333,0.000035080335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012698556,0.00016435244,0.00012865513,0.000030983814,0.0002144635,0.000020657173,0.00013784946,0.000082135775,0.0004309788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019955949,0.000092891685,0.000036285237,0.00008237637,0.0002947901,0.00031505612,0.000029576257,0.000036115125,0.000010339315],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007934093,0.00013852665,0.0059638224,0.000015133068,0.000010196428,2.200802e-7,0.00034129104,0.9749115,0.006296993,0.000012445973,0.000014682161,0.012215841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009314681,0.00057384546,0.0002639729,0.000020219619,0.000038137627,0.0000016830677,0.0006213318,0.7685966,0.22758807,0.00022011885,0.0009537873,0.00019076341],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003063489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054049437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5299969,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030243045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014860038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47189158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2495627901","doi":"10.1061/9780784412275.ch22","title":"Nanomaterial-Based Membranes for Gas Separation and Water Treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"American Society of Civil Engineers eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Gas separation; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.01374013668980556,"score_gpt":0.22860839207474334,"score_spread":0.21486825538493778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2495627901","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13300435,0.0022440976,0.020347763,0.0031411594,0.0011864648,0.010339496,0.000977945,0.0025553163,0.8262034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.70254654,0.000936038,0.018556066,0.0008458329,0.00025042242,0.0005006594,0.00043354824,0.00028493357,0.275646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987916,0.000009096671,0.0003142253,0.0003485235,0.00022433489,0.00031227389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992785,0.0000700612,0.00022508933,0.00033164528,0.000015390655,0.000079303536],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012407675,0.00038438966,0.00051571196,0.000039970997,0.0000829301,0.000017150855,0.00014116401,0.00020245304,0.0004505645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032202317,0.000304575,0.0002704556,0.000012978365,0.0009024166,0.00007388098,0.000054899236,0.00007127511,0.000032636373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003010979,0.00015531002,0.00009648043,0.0014790376,0.0011716696,0.0000027810581,0.008465875,0.004564859,0.7945476,0.005153737,0.024140775,0.15992075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000809623,0.00065912394,0.000012541091,0.00004412501,0.00022822242,0.0000042133756,0.00017589227,0.0014072366,0.40001714,0.000849509,0.59511477,0.00067758915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000085444364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039213683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.570974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018276378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018327113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2496641222","doi":"10.2166/ws.2003.0145","title":"Nanofiltration of colored surface water: Quebec's experience","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Surface water; Environmental science; Colored; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.008011598334155797,"score_gpt":0.22376527422740544,"score_spread":0.21575367589324965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2496641222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99310136,0.000011912989,0.00075993483,0.0022044478,0.00031649187,0.0004719883,0.0000026091334,0.0005200098,0.0026112252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919131,0.000009611524,0.005739525,0.00008876922,0.0000045747015,0.00007619802,0.000010835785,0.000019418816,0.002138011],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963589,0.000067623085,0.00060035713,0.0009862644,0.000725529,0.0012613513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985761,0.000011942767,0.00008118246,0.0011534303,0.0000724723,0.00010489262],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090359134,0.00032788314,0.00035135544,0.0004789116,0.0005272305,0.00009752697,0.0017838111,0.0003235501,0.0023464072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007332291,0.0001844161,0.00006434436,0.0010671483,0.005748684,0.0013093648,0.0007402281,0.00023661158,0.0015499338],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009840469,0.00006274191,0.027235014,0.0000054559227,0.000003108885,0.000008696872,0.003466111,0.0004337626,0.9671349,0.0011432031,0.00008781391,0.00040938766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002798814,0.00015619218,0.00047365107,0.000006767507,0.000006828507,0.000047007015,0.0009173178,0.00013280092,0.9849166,0.0034749154,0.009263095,0.00032494162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006051017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037233077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026761362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024020247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037914855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99922746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2506677711","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-0585-3.ch004","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater Using Nanofiltration Technology","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in environmental engineering and green technologies book series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Effluent; Environmental science; Contamination; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Waste management; Water quality; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004792421716724609,"score_gpt":0.18780726335461306,"score_spread":0.18301484163788845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2506677711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9338389,0.048805777,0.0005677991,0.0008003833,0.0003119902,0.0010741446,0.00023002317,0.0013297343,0.0130412225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8804141,0.06833,0.015843268,0.000021746351,0.00003170225,0.00006721155,0.000057710873,0.00016264062,0.035071585],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835527,0.0000060682883,0.00047938002,0.0006089099,0.00020745279,0.0003429285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993321,0.000033800294,0.00017780339,0.00042885347,0.0000022690292,0.000025214058],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000730309,0.00045103,0.00050952175,0.00030225975,0.000074513555,0.000011214134,0.00028000932,0.0005894952,0.00015992932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016424176,0.00035082508,0.000039475028,0.00003968259,0.0013843311,0.0009371524,0.0008019964,0.00028963757,0.000014982086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006529321,0.000018868164,0.0017712547,0.00012560008,0.00005676329,0.00018493932,0.00022430511,0.0008086841,0.8472936,0.0060702655,0.0000037851253,0.14337663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007991154,0.00034062364,0.00019837252,0.00075512653,0.000071627095,0.00044747276,0.00076620537,0.0006331661,0.75718653,0.037424926,0.20006001,0.0013168124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000168287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002738148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20005623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015786881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026967398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2509963146","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.098","title":"Energy-positive food wastewater treatment using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","keywords":"Chemistry; Wastewater; Biogas; Membrane fouling; Methane; Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.016163807508381107,"score_gpt":0.21853940935630925,"score_spread":0.20237560184792813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2509963146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967463,0.000059599537,0.0013556699,0.00026531323,0.00017681239,0.00021007155,0.000026783062,0.000030083049,0.0011293403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939725,0.0005202831,0.004114668,0.00009931058,0.00005923862,0.000008765309,0.000003972152,0.0000310047,0.001190281],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981385,0.000091113776,0.0005331943,0.00034727808,0.0005353853,0.00035454938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989708,0.000026897313,0.00040893807,0.00041821363,0.0000026991377,0.00017244894],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017892545,0.0002949326,0.00028884478,0.00016489609,0.00011091164,0.00003539293,0.00040024746,0.000081938815,0.002727111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029251364,0.00018236214,0.00015638716,0.00010937799,0.00025844,0.0008063244,0.00025741762,0.000062815605,0.00014624692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014056466,0.0010419018,0.0024276332,0.0000054634247,0.00027759973,0.0001458155,0.00015855263,0.0005122032,0.93961257,0.00028313746,0.00016458146,0.055229973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002970524,0.0038935726,0.028746627,0.000078081925,0.00025641668,0.00016578117,0.0006132655,0.00018153591,0.94954115,0.0007303975,0.012256972,0.00056567177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027463575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002188518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054664303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012584102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045579736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2510250671","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2016.09.004","title":"Strategies for maximizing removal of lactic acid from acid whey – Addressing the un-processability issue","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dairy Innovation Australia Limited; Victoria University; University of Victoria","keywords":"Diafiltration; Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Lactic acid; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Downstream processing; Centrifugation; Lactose; Membrane; Food science; Biochemistry; Microfiltration; Bacteria","score_opus":0.03900038009680434,"score_gpt":0.3056039998811181,"score_spread":0.26660361978431374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2510250671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81570303,0.0017370065,0.13934405,0.036470987,0.000211011,0.0010902336,0.000058830865,0.00061195693,0.004772894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888348,0.00011716672,0.010500809,0.00008238976,0.000026497013,0.000139978,0.000013801023,0.00001001494,0.00027455206],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988533,0.00005876982,0.0003682826,0.00038909542,0.00015467244,0.00017585637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989811,0.000108541695,0.00030890654,0.0005271787,0.000049960883,0.000024289046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003355383,0.00013802793,0.00017481406,0.00008325329,0.00023509844,0.000042988075,0.00033344608,0.00023858987,0.0005281638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031640325,0.000088540706,0.00003304332,0.00032493105,0.0007198378,0.0004394312,0.000079828285,0.00009746872,0.00007952952],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005336087,0.000035774312,0.0006954458,0.00001636318,0.000013005762,3.5281084e-7,0.00030608612,0.000008505605,0.7906723,0.019804416,0.00089191366,0.18750244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040467686,0.00007890106,0.0020162873,0.00001662747,0.00002125595,0.000012642382,0.0016162124,0.00044560598,0.8786359,0.08220576,0.034399472,0.00014667855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029153765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053431944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18735577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048583603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031894848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5783023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2510781118","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.07.026","title":"Fabrication of hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite hollow fibers for DCMD: Influence of dope formulation and external coagulant","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Layer (electronics); Fabrication; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Layer by layer; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.011335869142876326,"score_gpt":0.24812828027869452,"score_spread":0.2367924111358182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2510781118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9837644,0.00001735851,0.015530418,0.00014877107,0.000022604156,0.00034641084,0.00001427937,0.000031584783,0.00012413807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959742,0.000025935662,0.0038601093,0.0000149067055,0.0000062646523,0.000024799963,0.000009382925,0.000006403165,0.000078043995],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925214,0.000022650445,0.00027564657,0.00016819184,0.00019562729,0.00008576469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993732,0.00011951168,0.0002763287,0.00016220086,0.000046806446,0.00002194561],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020135398,0.00007425456,0.000114055925,0.00007345223,0.000042350683,0.0000061041546,0.00010930183,0.000062935185,0.000020361214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012442026,0.00005734793,0.00002649674,0.00013790693,0.0001298804,0.00034880973,0.00004328524,0.000020908028,0.0000076065508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003483809,0.000021464928,0.027589912,0.00002083428,0.0000033682632,7.79199e-8,0.00010654999,0.0023173532,0.9602199,0.0009959084,0.000015030629,0.0086747585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047566503,0.00010937615,0.34696114,0.000037825226,0.000010261184,0.0000017148204,0.0000069610487,0.007918266,0.6401249,0.0041928818,0.00008638331,0.00007461602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053985124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009605051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32009497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006225721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049364207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23385808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2511285872","doi":"10.1149/ma2016-02/22/1654","title":"Synthesis of Novel Graphene Composite Adsorbent for Water Treatment By Adsorption and Electrochemical Regeneration","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Graphene; Regeneration (biology); Composite number; Electrochemistry; Materials science; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Electrode; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Cell biology","score_opus":0.013101879415706287,"score_gpt":0.22779476064740148,"score_spread":0.2146928812316952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2511285872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99743164,0.000028222441,0.0005628599,0.0007603608,0.000022144719,0.00020616471,0.000012714299,0.00005551065,0.0009204012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962109,0.0000554433,0.003495978,0.000014329932,0.000016727543,0.00005889041,0.000012958475,0.000009484609,0.00012529759],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992375,0.000012167064,0.00022546129,0.0002273432,0.00012206943,0.00017545756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995886,0.00013619907,0.00010152117,0.00012741344,0.000009653171,0.000036624075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001607508,0.00010531211,0.0001194798,0.000025122057,0.00004435714,0.000011047963,0.00006524525,0.00007360781,0.00002811231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009033604,0.00006371308,0.00003247539,0.000031711035,0.00008212164,0.00011852678,0.000025508194,0.000021147584,0.000012164219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031846117,0.00008587095,0.00041687244,0.0000062807258,0.000008463894,7.039326e-8,0.000035531004,0.0005030881,0.9968093,0.000006230188,0.00015492902,0.001941531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037895972,0.000099956655,0.0008362066,0.00002530315,0.000017154794,0.0000023811765,0.0000071043582,0.00028720542,0.99744225,0.00013417764,0.0006779397,0.00009137368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049346643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011002192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002933118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008386746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002598273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2598144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2513490034","doi":"10.15376/biores.11.3.hubbe","title":"Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BioResources","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":230,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"FPInnovations; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Pollutant; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental science; Waste management; Land reclamation; Activated sludge; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved air flotation; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.11995183522202169,"score_gpt":0.33440520698392073,"score_spread":0.21445337176189905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2513490034","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0026524777,0.9935917,1.0390997e-7,0.00095193175,0.000015133427,0.00048351393,0.000030775373,0.000031671338,0.0022426422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000056083405,0.9977622,0.0001013325,0.00007517367,0.000021733531,0.00008346315,0.000010256318,0.000013256474,0.0018765106],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887913,0.00014574782,0.00038932462,0.00032249797,0.0001387184,0.00012460099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872756,0.00016371031,0.00077012,0.0002676983,0.000005562758,0.00006536452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026892056,0.0002540163,0.00069259683,0.000059023605,0.000066135995,0.000038769576,0.00011574387,0.0003054544,0.00084312685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012174491,0.00013901795,0.00004579034,0.00006384294,0.000515203,0.00023004456,0.00020980785,0.00010999103,0.000016944296],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001603092,0.000010294737,0.000068186666,0.013475997,0.000033714692,0.0000027326635,0.0000808321,4.340594e-9,0.000014735619,0.000034788944,0.0005924814,0.98568463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006814942,0.000089504756,0.000027884951,0.020074109,0.00020578262,0.000061428196,0.000105425876,1.966357e-7,0.000059524067,0.000022546195,0.9791267,0.00015875297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003229302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005607716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98552585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035869853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017562612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9231648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2513722067","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/27/41/415706","title":"Preparation and characterization of a novel highly hydrophilic and antifouling polysulfone/nanoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>nanocomposite membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Materials science; Biofouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Nanoporous; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Scanning electron microscope; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Silane; Fouling; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007792421183552501,"score_gpt":0.22039317681331613,"score_spread":0.21260075562976363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2513722067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935143,0.000047106907,0.003958732,0.0016344271,0.00006560684,0.0003839478,0.000017508786,0.0003234623,0.00005490475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839896,0.00053748034,0.0008806709,0.000052257936,0.000010773468,0.000029952505,0.000009919002,0.000018835646,0.0000611291],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986607,0.000027507233,0.0003829138,0.000495378,0.00017999319,0.00025354364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992367,0.00004999225,0.00028008342,0.0003759236,0.000017676319,0.000039633574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016046886,0.00018995225,0.0002754074,0.00020261544,0.00010722945,0.000015272419,0.00019154143,0.00039014552,0.000021200512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008042315,0.0001530014,0.000025664925,0.0003342178,0.0006696538,0.0003446628,0.0002745075,0.000101221245,0.000036348767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040522005,0.000050447277,0.0014499314,0.00001517895,0.000009713636,0.0000018075837,0.00007319183,0.000009778221,0.9731162,0.00076354464,0.0000041090116,0.024465576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071877846,0.00019157115,0.0053190934,0.000033698958,0.000016697531,0.0000655572,0.000008423512,0.0006293684,0.99212176,0.00041191463,0.00029921375,0.0001839283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022480881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027922984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024281647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057830453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000106184225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6239216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514267890","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02113","title":"Effects of Polymer Ratio and Film-Penetration Time on the Properties and Performance of Nanocomposite PVDF Membranes in Membrane Distillation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Penetration (warfare); Polymer; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Polyester; Casting; Chemistry","score_opus":0.032765086250601656,"score_gpt":0.24012260801165736,"score_spread":0.2073575217610557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2514267890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991174,0.00007631365,0.0000015781909,0.00024706585,0.000010531249,0.0002983462,0.0000022173012,0.000017535081,0.00022902881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939513,0.00007080541,0.0000036253923,0.0000012016214,0.000021122989,0.00003152592,0.000001105017,0.0000071049853,0.00046838404],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913555,0.000041212017,0.00019165054,0.0001668704,0.00031146567,0.00015321918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993578,0.0004048282,0.00004731798,0.0001489093,0.000014027763,0.000027083817],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043966385,0.00008949895,0.00012487835,0.00004570565,0.000042613538,0.000014545905,0.00013044888,0.00011510286,0.00008265421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004150023,0.000054741333,0.000011154299,0.00022497562,0.0002564826,0.00012218153,0.000089304245,0.0001482032,0.000004291402],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081720165,0.0000136064,0.002455926,0.000119535645,0.0000044819467,4.258325e-7,0.00005354461,0.0008095014,0.995091,0.0000118870785,0.000017360842,0.001340987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037395116,0.000076616154,0.0035104896,0.00020344679,0.0000023156956,0.0000015486115,0.000008346276,0.005198652,0.9905287,0.0000025824024,0.00003030264,0.00006306701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039372724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010425312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004562341,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045215093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012261238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22322868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2514743007","doi":"10.1038/srep33343","title":"A novel insight into membrane fouling mechanism regarding gel layer filtration: Flory-Huggins based filtration mechanism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mechanism (biology); Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Layer (electronics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physics; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.024159010368188315,"score_gpt":0.24208312235516682,"score_spread":0.2179241119869785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2514743007","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42140183,0.000024377683,0.55280834,0.0026479464,0.007980731,0.001284222,0.000009840566,0.0012068035,0.012635887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648385,0.000003965339,0.03012421,0.00017501811,0.00007743696,0.000118558746,0.000039021095,0.00003652253,0.004586733],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99582547,0.000072419665,0.00086579693,0.0014514942,0.0012621494,0.0005226694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975981,0.00011041824,0.0005400911,0.0014958514,0.000083740524,0.00017178633],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020476175,0.00032794254,0.0002921402,0.00027413032,0.0007471854,0.00038574202,0.00042507015,0.00023984586,0.0031696493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070814975,0.00024887966,0.00014657305,0.0008684638,0.00037712968,0.0013266488,0.00022832576,0.00016281044,0.0005252157],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008852428,0.00006075611,0.00009973977,0.000013363152,0.000008664978,0.000060551454,0.00032804807,0.0005255058,0.99127764,0.004150332,0.0013939965,0.0020725725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003493477,0.000041829255,0.000061153514,0.000061370585,0.000019768995,0.00011215122,0.00007617458,0.0047387397,0.9437878,0.03761233,0.012761223,0.00037807008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008327747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022447955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5434367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003692546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012081259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2516605178","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.024","title":"Integrated oxidation membrane filtration process – NOM rejection and membrane fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"RES’EAU-WaterNET","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Organic matter; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05395147537621222,"score_gpt":0.32982982124182264,"score_spread":0.27587834586561044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2516605178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99113715,0.00000720311,0.0016631441,0.0026147896,0.000051694118,0.00040989555,0.0000021791723,0.00017912424,0.003934799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959149,0.000069435315,0.00036306857,0.00002180094,0.00002961734,0.00008269529,0.00002042795,0.000015190318,0.0034829124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982096,0.00016895334,0.00021749467,0.00042984958,0.00058242306,0.00039170173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951464,0.000050654155,0.000032539378,0.00027138798,0.00006292633,0.00006783804],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012506271,0.00011579742,0.00010872974,0.00017219842,0.00027530605,0.000093547686,0.00021531258,0.00012484507,0.0020093364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028331348,0.00006503501,0.000017178769,0.00037076662,0.0003408979,0.00074005657,0.00013961931,0.0001969744,0.0010274416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051377247,0.000021357837,0.0011964091,0.00001962656,0.0000039408123,0.000002101508,0.00037759755,0.000052768366,0.9811591,0.00007634728,0.00017864977,0.016860722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031648693,0.00009704607,0.0009801928,0.000028166398,0.0000024963156,0.000009342499,0.00021640827,0.0010863891,0.9929506,0.0014671668,0.0027307146,0.000114963106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002334461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016766382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01674576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015383473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001304345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518570433","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02035","title":"Targeted Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter in Boiler-Blowdown Wastewater: Integrated Membrane Filtration for Produced Water Reuse","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Produced water; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Waste management; Separator (oil production); Environmental science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.07135781184185135,"score_gpt":0.296187210074998,"score_spread":0.22482939823314663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2518570433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99800175,0.000010532387,0.000016266267,0.0007277225,0.00010904548,0.00064621883,0.000017281393,0.000103471095,0.00036773074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99709934,0.000002559312,0.0003577603,0.0000030530648,0.00011089082,0.0001266197,0.00015435436,0.000035823163,0.0021096142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99786264,0.00005613688,0.00048146257,0.000446353,0.00057672325,0.0005766716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897194,0.000094786774,0.000053238287,0.000684872,0.00006985878,0.00012532959],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00147892,0.00019410979,0.00027078792,0.00011070627,0.000041482726,0.000047119767,0.0006780769,0.0003621638,0.0013306523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020410412,0.00015838013,0.000043370113,0.0006395826,0.00013455283,0.00020692532,0.00031305244,0.0006282696,0.000088019035],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017601677,0.000058891303,0.0005392069,0.0000512476,0.000010983147,0.000010721661,0.00026144233,0.004703861,0.9909389,0.0000011276632,0.0031378893,0.00010969507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012181356,0.00006778766,0.00004638228,0.000048396207,0.0000044357384,0.000013447796,0.00016273932,0.0030651744,0.991982,0.000029252333,0.0031830794,0.00017918568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013216813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006909192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017418835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003917702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007382311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2519743892","doi":"10.3168/jds.2016-11504","title":"Effect of transmembrane pressure control on energy efficiency during skim milk concentration by ultrafiltration at 10 and 50°C","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Novalait; Canadian Dairy Commission","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Skimmed milk; Chemistry; Chromatography; Fouling; Membrane; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Membrane fouling; Materials science; Biochemistry; Food science","score_opus":0.0035013582884547774,"score_gpt":0.21305657663570723,"score_spread":0.20955521834725246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2519743892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99660116,0.00017889118,0.0018449902,0.00037722848,0.000105167805,0.0001335828,0.000010631073,0.000017563005,0.0007307975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99934185,0.00010089436,0.000059779453,0.000030424886,0.000016899274,0.000002578154,3.2474682e-7,0.000004713635,0.0004425296],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822426,0.0001073464,0.00040840716,0.00024780058,0.0007831084,0.00022908057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898666,0.00026949577,0.0004267577,0.00018076818,0.00003236126,0.000103963524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009677276,0.00013045782,0.00021949687,0.000077400044,0.00018417992,0.00002752057,0.00038007495,0.00006566939,0.00033562278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032193016,0.00007817093,0.000050779385,0.00027392816,0.00095902866,0.0008082632,0.000028836335,0.00007435997,0.000009587368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030832295,0.000034534274,0.0031131785,0.000014506294,0.0000052777414,0.0000018161707,0.000085849526,0.0010653167,0.9901835,0.000038915656,0.00024222127,0.0049066176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017272113,0.001334167,0.00896101,0.000053638007,0.000021702594,0.000044334553,0.000009665161,0.000494346,0.9865391,0.000024060213,0.00069491856,0.00009579773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000081809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004157174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0058478313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010226591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028418806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3674834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520678058","doi":"10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0173","title":"Introduction to PRO for energy conversion applications including an electric equivalent circuit","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IET Renewable Power Generation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Electrical engineering; Computer science; Energy transformation; Equivalent circuit; Electric energy; Engineering; Physics; Voltage; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.035937203245788946,"score_gpt":0.2702410258586872,"score_spread":0.23430382261289825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520678058","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.053734537,0.000026416548,0.93945616,0.00391032,0.00023817907,0.00080946635,0.000008191523,0.00023896509,0.0015777727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901629,0.000034373985,0.003437144,0.00035095573,0.00058675936,0.00095554313,0.00006863561,0.0000233673,0.004380338],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865687,0.000042067157,0.00024561907,0.0005641102,0.00021715977,0.00027419176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992768,0.000025356825,0.000103111466,0.00045294457,0.000049412687,0.00009235499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028788962,0.00013966496,0.00011238634,0.0001225304,0.00028332137,0.00005535633,0.00021650268,0.00010370186,0.00065898104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007541601,0.00011459407,0.000036368983,0.000406924,0.000036950863,0.0005513342,0.00008468826,0.0000279429,0.0001727326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015490625,0.000047027985,0.0000884566,0.0000029411515,0.000004270903,7.976199e-8,0.000045716446,0.0037683402,0.9403116,0.0029308368,0.036646325,0.016138902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019165954,0.00020547917,0.000036183683,0.0000020791167,0.000007014136,0.0000021182036,0.000015931277,0.0019127225,0.6897928,0.0020987855,0.3055895,0.0001456969],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010705143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017836416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93642837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003368064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022668919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.721538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2520727926","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.09.011","title":"Effects of ozone pretreatment and operating conditions on membrane fouling behaviors of an anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor for oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) treatment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative; Shell Canada; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Anoxic waters; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Ozone; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Degradation (telecommunications); Biodegradation; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.033858201473396785,"score_gpt":0.34234307652042145,"score_spread":0.30848487504702465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2520727926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981105,0.000012751063,0.000013583192,0.00029858848,0.000025346373,0.0012149563,0.000052152558,0.00007284873,0.00019930198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975389,0.000053061696,0.00041933006,0.00000653729,0.000013602343,0.000806756,0.0000755389,0.000032125296,0.0010541055],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978469,0.0001922195,0.00034486133,0.00053565885,0.0005087828,0.00057157065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991719,0.00017640383,0.00005611297,0.00040808157,0.000065528315,0.0001219533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005327408,0.0002347623,0.00035665956,0.00020352866,0.00023679092,0.000033960237,0.00023927161,0.00014027409,0.00047678212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094427356,0.00011189121,0.000059684917,0.0001564517,0.00053627114,0.0003143919,0.00012584853,0.00009318559,0.000044768123],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013130737,0.00063535717,0.0007323688,0.00021601247,0.0000418469,0.000007747045,0.0013314676,0.00006300245,0.9934925,0.000015583746,0.000007514773,0.003325337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022355325,0.0031877344,0.0011676543,0.00008755799,0.000056466477,0.000004375539,0.00013358034,0.000093731,0.9927627,0.00008561801,0.000029059962,0.00015603051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001798776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006144591,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031693066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020549666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001594281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.522043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2521226405","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2008.005","title":"Bench-Scale Evaluation of Sonication as a Pretreatment Process for Ultraviolet Disinfection of Wastewater","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sonication; Effluent; Trickling filter; Wastewater; Chemistry; Ultraviolet; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Materials science","score_opus":0.2326221933145743,"score_gpt":0.4728345179401291,"score_spread":0.2402123246255548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2521226405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99739856,0.000023657121,0.0004159686,0.0005423778,0.000032459822,0.00074455823,0.0000073940246,0.000013036359,0.0008220155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991008,0.000056751123,0.0004214228,0.0000042468196,0.00002052983,0.00010778574,0.00001850373,0.0000071720215,0.00026279478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677896,0.00059203646,0.00050801685,0.00020160888,0.0016359611,0.0002833903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902636,0.00008032861,0.00017459405,0.00026193104,0.00039263003,0.000064134976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006806835,0.00008283595,0.00016355068,0.00011883161,0.00026870068,0.000017956118,0.00023102466,0.00008004096,0.00079963246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042097946,0.000054110074,0.000089873014,0.00018147257,0.0004209281,0.00033839696,0.000060205977,0.0001834496,0.00004797951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002729799,0.0005547166,0.039911848,0.000090454276,0.00004492318,6.7025064e-7,0.0070343674,0.0037085423,0.941267,0.000051788465,0.00034688757,0.0067157825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007364234,0.00046346016,0.023829244,0.000021505764,0.000017659637,0.00003961996,0.0006086873,0.0006920959,0.96219206,0.011240832,0.00009141465,0.00006698644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001921397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003489203,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020925032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029346018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007709607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8755415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2524011599","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.133","title":"Removal of Phenol under Aerobic Conditions by a Hollow Fibre Membrane Bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Phenol; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012828087143872503,"score_gpt":0.23793068850278526,"score_spread":0.22510260135891275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2524011599","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96431035,0.000112529,0.000011543327,0.020282358,0.00020478487,0.0005758252,0.000047647965,0.0011243977,0.013330552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780492,0.00010952749,0.0011170151,0.00007367163,0.0000073331084,0.000041812338,0.0000010666363,0.000023531597,0.020576831],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983313,0.0000065622107,0.00041758135,0.00043842546,0.000469787,0.00033634077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873894,0.00014385184,0.0005616335,0.00048141996,0.000036710073,0.00003743191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013148828,0.00026743294,0.00034895426,0.0002201246,0.0001148148,0.00002606499,0.001637624,0.00019825918,0.00035509956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004824146,0.0001539467,0.00012944726,0.0009815887,0.001705439,0.00035976843,0.0006709342,0.00021003718,0.00006641293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003983585,0.0000641622,0.0014576849,0.000019390429,0.000030975,7.057583e-7,0.00001606011,0.0000054223838,0.91507494,0.011400602,0.063386254,0.008503935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005291699,0.0001018387,0.0005649433,0.00022262333,0.000024223824,0.0000146511575,0.00030864868,0.0000067315173,0.9658819,0.013774048,0.018367937,0.00020329654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033619766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035656987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050806914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000119115226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019193863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6283761},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2524682796","doi":"","title":"Utjecaj temperature i tlaka na protok permeata kod koncentriranja soka aronije nanofiltracijom","year":2013,"lang":"hr","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Permeation; Chemistry; Bar (unit); Dry matter; Volume (thermodynamics); Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Membrane; Animal science; Physics; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.011040594855626024,"score_gpt":0.2485365889425863,"score_spread":0.23749599408696026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2524682796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.868175,0.0010994815,0.00006115448,0.0012825329,0.0023943216,0.014942582,0.0012495132,0.0019183065,0.10887708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.55161464,0.0011818488,0.0031624304,0.0006169282,0.00028323286,0.0012017519,0.0077427593,0.000224601,0.4339718],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9924756,0.00022931401,0.0014604228,0.0024030467,0.0018331148,0.0015984809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996203,0.00018125742,0.00087430497,0.0021968945,0.0001359932,0.00040851597],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037996937,0.001576541,0.0011702382,0.00035642294,0.0010074232,0.0008072743,0.0025105109,0.002506323,0.21816698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037166322,0.0013626282,0.00047391065,0.0011582003,0.00076036324,0.0015207757,0.00040453003,0.0017945201,0.037260834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022699658,0.0008845998,0.001721925,0.0009393876,0.00025020464,0.000074525975,0.004691966,0.00028869315,0.70830166,0.0018165561,0.22957228,0.05123119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001666012,0.0007003513,0.020773418,0.0007636518,0.00023474406,0.00007674947,0.020678699,0.0015088279,0.87078,0.00052795693,0.078547694,0.003741923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00098679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043388028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32509473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065638364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028292913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526173106","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.132","title":"Drinking Water Treatment in Submerged Hollow Fiber Microfiltration: Effect of Backwashing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Microfiltration; Hollow fiber membrane; Fiber; Water treatment; Materials science; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010220983624256488,"score_gpt":0.23173827489484397,"score_spread":0.22151729127058747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526173106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877989,0.000036535035,0.000001019328,0.0065142526,0.00012847118,0.0005433659,0.0000014257803,0.0003437643,0.004632266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98929006,0.00004902458,0.00047725445,0.000013078613,0.000006535707,0.00007524906,2.8183146e-7,0.0000148049185,0.010073737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866724,0.0000117497775,0.0003685025,0.00035557247,0.00028406543,0.00031284106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930215,0.000103609294,0.0002495207,0.0003141358,0.000013187215,0.000017402182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024173275,0.00023595033,0.00033787964,0.00023677689,0.00006784211,0.000022873237,0.00089243863,0.00013291433,0.00020681159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002443965,0.0001064118,0.000103132836,0.00052262645,0.0005043011,0.00036889367,0.0004198715,0.00013208689,0.000060937276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010356723,0.00003287762,0.10286561,0.000017863174,0.000017119972,5.9491924e-7,0.000052828942,0.000014304422,0.84746605,0.0004550311,0.0015606696,0.047413513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008085876,0.00023468523,0.0021009692,0.00021623434,0.000014293233,0.0000018461939,0.00006856807,0.0000055927812,0.99093384,0.0016170522,0.0038572098,0.00014109828],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006246447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015327628,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14346783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019867464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006656419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43393472},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527218153","doi":"10.11159/icepr16.151","title":"Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of a Novel Multi-Stage Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Module","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Stage (stratigraphy); Computer science; Process engineering; Membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.028057292070465256,"score_gpt":0.27163125728973364,"score_spread":0.24357396521926838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2527218153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898263,0.000053696047,0.00007090406,0.00429097,0.00008178021,0.00045127457,0.000020929345,0.00045454386,0.0047495873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99307954,0.000022749746,0.0043863025,0.000023499402,0.0000039030324,0.000036767895,3.0864265e-7,0.000013296953,0.0024336022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988819,0.00000531379,0.00030294035,0.00033182921,0.00028914263,0.00018889405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922675,0.0001401825,0.00032545128,0.0002520377,0.000021665019,0.000033898323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013676974,0.00018224402,0.000246583,0.00013596889,0.00009297025,0.000022105452,0.0005996883,0.0001091977,0.0000913463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008963354,0.000104125575,0.000055349803,0.00041359582,0.002152068,0.0002585845,0.0005566999,0.00011517665,0.00000493818],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034465116,0.00007546361,0.014515532,0.000013374699,0.0000121822095,8.3753314e-8,0.00004889593,0.000011782659,0.82555205,0.15703832,0.00038029236,0.002317568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006921599,0.00009255538,0.0039727874,0.00015015257,0.000011291175,0.0000015987342,0.0003133874,0.00064251374,0.99046713,0.002905966,0.00061241287,0.00013802618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024542333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017561197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1649151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006903529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008991631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7929384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529022876","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.019","title":"Compact secondary treatment train combining a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor and enhanced flotation processes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"EnviroSim (Canada); Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal; Cégep de Saint-Laurent; WSP (Canada); Kemira (Canada)","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydraulic retention time; Effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Particulates; Anaerobic digestion; Sewage treatment; Biogas; Volatile suspended solids; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Biofilm; Methane","score_opus":0.05285912159643899,"score_gpt":0.3275298237611531,"score_spread":0.2746707021647141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529022876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99382454,0.000025522737,0.000058663973,0.0013724156,0.000017904182,0.00035484188,0.000010832343,0.00011146522,0.0042238203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975093,0.000073983174,0.00024117381,0.00001557152,0.000012440896,0.000058836544,0.000010517329,0.000013105693,0.0020650772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862623,0.00012228859,0.00015696237,0.00034108062,0.00034593203,0.00040748558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999557,0.00009824921,0.000025066101,0.00021669723,0.000024333876,0.000078636716],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047927749,0.00011115472,0.00012922297,0.000099082725,0.00017673218,0.0000700116,0.0001656724,0.00006513024,0.0012670654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000104782295,0.000059543978,0.000015956026,0.00018418545,0.0003549011,0.00035354623,0.000119929435,0.000102835336,0.0004876551],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032328346,0.000045743174,0.0020091077,0.000019005172,0.000006072784,0.0000029916764,0.002683625,0.0000020585335,0.96491766,0.0000073750175,0.0001980159,0.030075997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006322704,0.000295112,0.004915782,0.00002870805,0.0000020331072,0.00000315059,0.00050457625,0.000039748753,0.99115235,0.00060127716,0.0017260252,0.00009898553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002807885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002927659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02997701,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020617878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025876043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996459},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529420703","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.002","title":"Variation of fermentation redox potential during cell-recycling continuous ethanol operation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Dilution; Industrial fermentation; Fermentation; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Ethanol; Aeration; Yeast; Ethanol fuel; Redox; Metabolite; Carbon fibers; Ethanol fermentation; Biofuel; Sugar; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Biotechnology; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Biology; Agronomy","score_opus":0.00592342094433223,"score_gpt":0.22399887326257073,"score_spread":0.2180754523182385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529420703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96802187,0.000031556603,0.02883535,0.002532861,0.00023385948,0.00012246208,0.0000020412076,0.000054378754,0.00016559678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948201,0.00022409948,0.0047071786,0.000016945378,0.000032819677,0.0000023872128,6.1354274e-7,0.000008823663,0.00018699367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878466,0.0000533965,0.000597858,0.00015190849,0.000257718,0.0001544634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989612,0.000025625144,0.0007707795,0.0001885949,0.000028745864,0.000025034007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032027328,0.00009696267,0.00020639581,0.00022184312,0.00006284149,0.000010692324,0.000271187,0.00030692117,0.0004149298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015200267,0.00007014262,0.000063331376,0.0001919186,0.00017714198,0.0003601999,0.00009802809,0.00016186887,0.000050442773],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055778564,0.000047840545,0.00076548225,0.000006273223,0.000011086211,0.000007592122,0.00009202229,0.0005597917,0.98921,0.00009223248,0.000044619628,0.009107257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008968802,0.00025988749,0.022219488,0.000024908506,0.000019082227,0.000087668304,0.000119483324,0.0000946309,0.97532046,0.00080841273,0.00006812565,0.00008100162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015291524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048538645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026798245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015124059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015724843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.454319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531011794","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.062","title":"Synthesis of thin film composite polyamide membranes: Effect of monohydric and polyhydric alcohol additives in aqueous solution","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Membrane; Aqueous solution; Polyamide; Permeation; Ethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Xylitol; Vinyl alcohol; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Pervaporation; Alcohol; Contact angle; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Monomer","score_opus":0.00802499764873447,"score_gpt":0.24206996400801828,"score_spread":0.23404496635928382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531011794","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976367,0.00034409537,0.00017735818,0.00045337182,0.00010853903,0.00019553475,0.000010541406,0.000017115737,0.0010567673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984738,0.0005089996,0.00092157425,0.000017643084,0.000012702889,0.0000050025155,1.4013663e-7,0.000008879983,0.00005121655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974144,0.00021035413,0.0007993002,0.00030577206,0.00093422225,0.00033593335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975982,0.0010418874,0.00089296256,0.00030190698,0.00004737871,0.000117673706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024259277,0.00019188614,0.000536877,0.00061435346,0.00009326077,0.00001920943,0.00078107946,0.00009330233,0.00022055372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015488002,0.00011967927,0.00009986006,0.0011598634,0.0020113937,0.0010697668,0.0002196625,0.00015698551,0.000013831454],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015314431,0.000055269298,0.01100198,0.000059782084,0.000009297922,0.0000122812635,0.00021115277,0.0011552596,0.968589,0.000021935866,0.000024432691,0.018706469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006883993,0.00038793415,0.043325003,0.0003098996,0.000026401802,0.00012797983,0.00006560955,0.0022999302,0.9524891,0.00012362741,0.000024454243,0.00013169703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014407886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026975253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03232302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016178499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058645433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7411064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2532355695","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.059","title":"Novel indicators for thermodynamic prediction of interfacial interactions related with adhesive fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Adhesive; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Layer (electronics); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01061619792333212,"score_gpt":0.25248140822258625,"score_spread":0.24186521029925412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2532355695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863309,0.000015028257,0.012501493,0.00032825186,0.00017971241,0.00020188208,0.000013383937,0.000010881368,0.00041845773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979719,0.000032751614,0.0018594814,0.000008476185,0.000007462996,0.0000053708936,1.0361236e-7,0.0000056102026,0.000108854416],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989093,0.000015002859,0.0004447684,0.00018347499,0.0002870997,0.00016038048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914944,0.000117275966,0.0005100922,0.00010846687,0.00005642918,0.000058313522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057024136,0.00009552933,0.00018439186,0.00038892546,0.00006700973,0.000022676717,0.0003196579,0.000045699308,0.00009001091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033882185,0.000055791566,0.000035278386,0.00065277255,0.0008445752,0.00095273467,0.00008141144,0.00012680687,0.0000021873714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017941746,0.00005437579,0.005417459,0.00000500466,0.000008463194,1.8235627e-7,0.0005866297,0.00018892155,0.9911945,0.00006388483,0.000013171942,0.0022879734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011865783,0.00088424573,0.023820266,0.00027157902,0.0000136578155,0.00007403266,0.0007659847,0.0020270546,0.9704792,0.00017939444,0.00021100845,0.000086985405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014611425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000046444162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020715304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021045329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073145806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31118724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2536506222","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.020","title":"Modeling three-dimensional surface morphology of biocake layer in a membrane bioreactor based on fractal geometry","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fractal dimension; Fractal; Morphology (biology); Surface roughness; Membrane bioreactor; Materials science; Geometry; Surface (topology); Layer (electronics); Surface finish; Biological system; Surface layer; Membrane; Mathematics; Composite material; Chemistry; Mathematical analysis; Geology","score_opus":0.017438971004529253,"score_gpt":0.23662816432394435,"score_spread":0.21918919331941508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2536506222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99381495,0.00004931954,0.0017857311,0.0031295489,0.00006565505,0.0002934956,0.000030070729,0.00042656917,0.00040467293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961018,0.000005759803,0.0036040172,0.00016328934,0.00000876215,0.000021558644,0.0000047699323,0.000031308064,0.00005871355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997876,0.000048678125,0.00049747375,0.00066892523,0.00038905581,0.0005198512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871546,0.00019916399,0.0001705023,0.0008355266,0.000019607909,0.000059747566],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003402817,0.0002817487,0.000404619,0.0007097377,0.00005375074,0.000006097084,0.0006877362,0.000699323,0.0013481808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041201955,0.00020323756,0.00007970632,0.0012165114,0.00090920005,0.00008652677,0.00036147956,0.00030108454,0.00046885517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001266794,0.00023508942,0.075122364,0.0000066639554,0.000008359936,0.000028308714,0.00000960721,0.028156254,0.8907419,0.0004198975,0.00011629886,0.0050286143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020586993,0.0006524626,0.008544342,0.00009760524,0.0000136144245,0.000027678103,0.000059391405,0.11985381,0.86566275,0.0014824562,0.001007301,0.0005398708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029319152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018674551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09169756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017237832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002585888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541497114","doi":"10.2175/106143016x14609975747649","title":"Potential Water Reuse for High Strength Fruit and Vegetable Processor Wastewater with an MBR","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Kjeldahl method; Wastewater; Effluent; Membrane bioreactor; Ultrafiltration (renal); Reuse; Biochemical oxygen demand; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater reuse; Sewage treatment; Nitrification; Chemical oxygen demand; Greywater; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.023746068488545664,"score_gpt":0.2668097953230405,"score_spread":0.24306372683449484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541497114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945504,0.000010586493,0.00030549604,0.0039151376,0.000022272961,0.0008633259,0.000014484772,0.00007785206,0.00024042622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807744,0.00007026428,0.002941934,0.000027006823,0.00004471259,0.00041536498,0.00003507234,0.00004227688,0.015648961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99706167,0.00011355217,0.00022719309,0.0007907723,0.0008009207,0.0010059191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988474,0.0000367156,0.000024461373,0.0009126036,0.000010874221,0.00016793837],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008428647,0.00022360391,0.00018503319,0.00010006925,0.00034758594,0.000107147396,0.00063208165,0.00013339035,0.004051067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019700989,0.00009511135,0.0000234593,0.000047631675,0.00081610144,0.0006876951,0.0007559499,0.00016339001,0.0013285957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002762075,0.00015231766,0.0049349302,0.000028382046,0.000018278777,0.000012640735,0.0004462448,0.000113783484,0.9909378,0.000045885132,0.0004371433,0.002596338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011103326,0.00089056033,0.003058027,0.0000128287165,0.0000108172735,0.000008821242,0.00007560455,0.00006572285,0.97334564,0.003312133,0.01786744,0.00024209141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009364533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003099371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017592227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015773874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005350141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999449},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2550045455","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.10.003","title":"Electrofiltration technique for water and wastewater treatment and bio-products management: A review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Wastewater; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Suspended solids; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Membrane technology; Water quality; Environmental science; Industrial wastewater treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01771895951387329,"score_gpt":0.26858948214736006,"score_spread":0.25087052263348675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2550045455","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00021690877,0.99623024,0.0016459865,0.0002487578,0.00006317143,0.0015150765,0.0000035143084,0.000037248177,0.000039073904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00017309643,0.9962411,0.0028455367,0.00000942506,0.000055619617,0.00031860152,0.000010850319,0.000035957382,0.00030982855],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998756,0.00001784316,0.0005633466,0.00025963743,0.000130253,0.00027294646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958575,0.000013107855,0.00016891432,0.00016307732,0.000020233732,0.000048946607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039132178,0.00030653633,0.0007401578,0.00016139394,0.000041640345,0.00003894203,0.00017074475,0.00011293776,0.00003352116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001651851,0.00013338252,0.000092051705,0.0000718665,0.000032884083,0.00029415695,0.00007068682,0.00010784937,0.000010056583],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022558093,0.00006150888,0.0000027266894,0.19078574,0.0004442573,0.00003710747,0.00023776572,0.000049692786,0.04415015,0.000045066074,0.00036212735,0.7638013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001758449,0.00020142132,1.7934113e-7,0.012795347,0.00036819567,0.00042749522,0.0000023642244,0.000005817293,0.21681426,0.00007840879,0.76888907,0.00024161577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.49397e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0134507e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7685269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013490119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006540394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54391813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2550099664","doi":"10.1111/wej.12213","title":"Contaminated particle characteristics influence on membrane fouling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Polysulfone; Membrane; Dispersity; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sphericity; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Particle size; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.009793785669264537,"score_gpt":0.202006577838852,"score_spread":0.19221279216958748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2550099664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99709064,0.0000075663966,0.0005727208,0.0017058154,0.00004996084,0.00006966595,0.0000021279793,0.000033329903,0.00046815025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981008,0.00045641104,0.00017090642,0.00023876816,0.000023738781,0.0000053337985,0.0000010171754,0.000009399163,0.0009935956],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990342,0.000037881833,0.00022466725,0.00019028226,0.00023045462,0.0002824779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996438,0.000029006656,0.0000588263,0.0001569793,0.000001920299,0.00010949282],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024006605,0.000121491874,0.000113552334,0.000020476788,0.00017554316,0.000044040564,0.00013371183,0.000053174193,0.0022937774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024021418,0.00006286576,0.000024459247,0.00002001094,0.0002132694,0.00025647986,0.00011650213,0.00011395084,0.0011988761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043202646,0.000045380304,0.048889767,0.000002372986,0.000009818622,0.000031233667,0.00022816163,0.00022060276,0.9078482,0.000035881345,0.00007869838,0.04256669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007970369,0.0002384734,0.17205128,0.00002813906,0.000014003647,0.000106417894,0.000040190513,0.00015840626,0.811227,0.00071181054,0.014408351,0.00021887136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028422896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.085064e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12316151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008668457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000012253454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99957883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2551211618","doi":"10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741750","title":"Analog electric circuit representation of energy conversion by pressure retarded osmosis","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Computer science; Reverse osmosis; Leakage (economics); Process (computing); Osmosis; Electronic engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Membrane","score_opus":0.012462900028173426,"score_gpt":0.21958032117745332,"score_spread":0.2071174211492799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2551211618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83684075,0.00019057134,0.04213455,0.0017667926,0.00010422685,0.00029995412,0.000020107209,0.0004124606,0.118230574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98479754,0.00015805251,0.00013044309,0.000074202384,0.0000035335142,0.000007808241,0.000004982595,0.0000050371773,0.014818392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916035,0.000043396034,0.00017358479,0.00024211785,0.0002486227,0.00013194566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949694,0.00006630502,0.000105856634,0.0002914824,0.000010061135,0.000029375728],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007719938,0.00007270878,0.000110065506,0.000044075,0.000033886252,0.000005140615,0.00019848502,0.00008028152,0.00739556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008466693,0.000049001577,0.00003586257,0.00033623818,0.00009438375,0.00026031333,0.0000706576,0.00002541778,0.00012990824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001052321,0.000021543054,0.018366614,0.0000030701758,0.000011672846,3.0666624e-7,0.000013022448,0.000019398563,0.91750646,0.0007983687,0.05139284,0.011856183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022592732,0.00005953783,0.0052398206,0.0000029526661,0.000011408136,9.312101e-7,0.000014088243,0.00021533793,0.9761948,0.0015689345,0.016386878,0.00007941109],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004254068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019140778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14795679,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038511105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004116149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9935118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553868946","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2016.22147","title":"Recent Progresses in Preparation and Characterization of RO Membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Cellulose acetate; Reverse osmosis; Graphene; Bacterial cellulose; Cellulose triacetate; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Cellulose","score_opus":0.05778843600301206,"score_gpt":0.38554749294746327,"score_spread":0.3277590569444512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553868946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956078,0.00015069527,0.00000379689,0.0024608644,0.00006435687,0.00019746542,7.184354e-7,0.000003731865,0.0015105595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930656,0.006574268,0.00022233672,0.000009491146,0.000018903578,0.0000035461503,2.4251477e-7,0.0000030273598,0.00010259532],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798244,0.00007992855,0.00033131207,0.00019204953,0.0011953841,0.00021887897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902093,0.000066180946,0.00033934248,0.00025148696,0.00024121247,0.00008086207],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0054915454,0.00006379383,0.00016275323,0.00032983467,0.00042258124,0.00019447415,0.0005538615,0.0000533963,0.00008183988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016378417,0.00004612645,0.000011915528,0.00046691613,0.0024840028,0.0015865036,0.00031079078,0.00020611478,0.0000034601171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007552135,0.000048574264,0.015988506,0.00003749366,0.0000017062779,0.0000062911054,0.00052167615,0.000018854307,0.9292376,0.00007447988,0.000017128703,0.053972136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037633194,0.0002998049,0.2870185,0.000079420366,0.0000026945177,0.000046161105,0.00025825773,0.0007915779,0.70843947,0.00035237236,0.002270282,0.00006512126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033900356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003378458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058886595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001180657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9152412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559158076","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.045","title":"A novel continuous two-phase partitioning bioreactor operated with polymeric tubing: Performance validation for enhanced biological removal of toxic substrates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Substrate (aquarium); Chemistry; Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Chromatography; Polymer; Aqueous two-phase system; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Contamination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018244764379285835,"score_gpt":0.24759627967392533,"score_spread":0.22935151529463949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2559158076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98143023,0.000040972,0.01740005,0.00014829283,0.000060489332,0.000401083,0.000018819423,0.00002019994,0.00047986858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98878056,0.00019408275,0.010676012,0.00002809678,0.000021305357,0.000025854493,0.000007971244,0.000013283041,0.000252836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986636,0.000027302418,0.0005337186,0.00022576928,0.00031917746,0.0002304196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991427,0.00005115817,0.0005598916,0.00017584005,0.000008878467,0.00006149749],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028023726,0.00017088234,0.00025038514,0.00008639343,0.00007965262,0.000020552956,0.0002434637,0.000048678718,0.000593188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020360761,0.00010403836,0.0000652568,0.00014851936,0.00029870894,0.00042771257,0.00008902976,0.00006326812,0.000023823039],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039571943,0.00041607805,0.0022367921,0.000010424759,0.000057879868,0.000011347823,0.000045679175,0.00054609263,0.9724051,0.0000615205,0.00002342575,0.023789935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004112174,0.0018584447,0.014776628,0.00008579525,0.00005109139,0.000089278205,0.00035405476,0.00012625122,0.97772247,0.000036184443,0.0006090899,0.00017854008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037996922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011151346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023611395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018150483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056252165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64949924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560220198","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.006","title":"Effect of calcium ions on fouling properties of alginate solution and its mechanisms","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Calcium; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Fouling; Size-exclusion chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Calcium alginate; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer; Ion; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02135851116046476,"score_gpt":0.264327842166974,"score_spread":0.24296933100650928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560220198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99638313,0.0000782925,0.00211096,0.00070335856,0.00014944837,0.00013571052,0.0000013665687,0.000011743023,0.00042601596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991982,0.00006373803,0.00061397057,0.000013875505,0.000008225523,0.0000016201468,1.7367496e-8,0.000004271282,0.00009610358],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846333,0.00007330427,0.00036904254,0.00016605089,0.0007358023,0.00019247664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991394,0.00011620795,0.00045304245,0.00015900236,0.000060085447,0.000072218034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002219427,0.000099029196,0.00022979885,0.00018579446,0.00010777186,0.000011565032,0.00043123888,0.000046878788,0.00006806476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00091600383,0.000052553696,0.000050169987,0.00037104217,0.0007868125,0.0005993544,0.0001390445,0.00009216885,0.000013856321],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007595692,0.000020291693,0.000083853854,0.000033421213,0.00000314242,0.0000015225816,0.000080202204,0.0002604104,0.9916921,0.0005597592,0.000008615521,0.0071806936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041285655,0.0011025816,0.00059342425,0.00022280813,0.000012724308,0.00003540371,0.000027257869,0.0009641035,0.9962692,0.00027354286,0.000021704402,0.00006435877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008706573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013512254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007116335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083671934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004082055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28990436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560625255","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22755","title":"How do ions enhance the transfer during nanofiltration of saccharides? Experimental assessment of the dehydration assumption","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Electrolyte; Chemistry; Dehydration; Mass transfer; Nanofiltration; Ion; Permeation; Membrane; Volume (thermodynamics); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.007788087874638669,"score_gpt":0.21223498482086564,"score_spread":0.20444689694622697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560625255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938808,0.000052660416,0.003363306,0.0024328358,0.00009769381,0.00010603411,0.000003068762,0.000005093231,0.00005852908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99968904,0.0000044747067,0.00023024068,0.0000111660875,0.000027496702,0.000005222285,1.8343427e-7,0.0000061804417,0.000026012563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992992,0.000023328643,0.00023952137,0.0000656406,0.00024806528,0.00012420866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995708,0.000057694997,0.00011839624,0.00018066898,0.000019753455,0.00005269098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022645509,0.00007493853,0.00009597755,0.00003159129,0.00007489291,0.00002419737,0.00035369204,0.00004818781,0.00009672066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009506467,0.000035263263,0.000069419846,0.00013238644,0.00016998634,0.0002129506,0.000017562283,0.00012886885,6.7162534e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024591805,0.0000044551375,0.0003738008,0.000004254071,0.000008318284,2.9706553e-7,0.0001901025,0.003968313,0.99462724,0.000530451,0.000014445166,0.00027586048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000109860615,0.00001623846,0.0038993023,0.000053292333,0.000009659511,0.000014725021,0.000046287245,0.00063487847,0.995056,0.000068049674,0.000046018744,0.00004573348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012969291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022361123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005808244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026649082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057198726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14379941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563459173","doi":"10.1002/ente.201600703","title":"The Water–Energy Nexus: Solutions towards Energy‐Efficient Desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Water-energy nexus; Renewable energy; Energy consumption; Efficient energy use; Environmental science; Production (economics); Reverse osmosis; Environmental economics; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Nexus (standard); Process engineering; Engineering; Economics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009531220730236496,"score_gpt":0.21073740698463211,"score_spread":0.20120618625439562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563459173","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09159508,0.00094613124,0.7150419,0.11985161,0.0016648623,0.00021275054,0.000018700744,0.0053904583,0.065278515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98670065,0.0003688666,0.00047224364,0.00021631848,0.000035171866,0.00020623901,0.000007375982,0.000026439191,0.011966675],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979793,0.00007482383,0.00035974855,0.0005095757,0.0003399254,0.00073662074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99882597,0.00007658739,0.00011465279,0.00089142914,0.00003241209,0.000058940324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002669989,0.00023203916,0.00017385637,0.00021528336,0.0006781314,0.000035339373,0.0009578641,0.00038868573,0.0005074802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001596754,0.000107226886,0.00007344214,0.00059670524,0.0012316438,0.00012875668,0.0008246977,0.000098998506,0.0002478343],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008255971,0.00004899141,0.000044208882,4.704792e-7,0.000014045848,0.0000045965367,0.000018159239,0.0014057311,0.07782976,0.55613744,0.0033613709,0.361127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021351967,0.00007478756,0.000066119464,0.0000056350955,0.0000068806858,0.000019990153,0.000071651695,0.0026695482,0.4355271,0.07531459,0.48583606,0.00019413952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051457185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010900312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8951056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003327459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002256621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55565524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2564724251","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.025","title":"Forward osmosis as an approach to manage oil sands tailings water and on-site basal depressurization water","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Tailings; Fouling; Cabin pressurization; Forward osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Desalination; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009545076214808369,"score_gpt":0.22447955801293765,"score_spread":0.21493448179812927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2564724251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99543494,0.000004278707,0.00082743383,0.001278078,0.00021880693,0.00010032487,0.000008212569,0.00004310582,0.0020847928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99608815,0.00004701458,0.0019069707,0.0004247406,0.00009209828,0.000010090641,0.0000062760373,0.000023025146,0.0014016145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985231,0.00009553222,0.00045494176,0.00025785805,0.00037593933,0.0002925926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943477,0.00001916243,0.00013959032,0.00025510162,0.000025228046,0.00012614507],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074172125,0.00017007333,0.00029356353,0.00012720919,0.00010001216,0.00014997488,0.0002783384,0.000107216765,0.0012341732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053039144,0.00008053704,0.000040686755,0.00004740839,0.000087356755,0.00057599,0.00019916917,0.000053137454,0.00048023273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021624884,0.000056168432,0.00047930682,0.000015748605,0.000016934784,0.000012252116,0.00058195234,0.00017385528,0.9944003,0.000029665776,0.0006488013,0.0033687511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005345865,0.0003001567,0.0010289226,0.000027398026,0.000025272959,0.000057818645,0.000043286447,0.000008337045,0.99120486,0.0009686697,0.005639177,0.00016150181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027857164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003092369,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004990375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032173389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565564190","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22731","title":"Experimental characterization of new wire gauze with high capacity structured packing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Structured packing; Pressure drop; Materials science; Mass transfer; Atomic packing factor; Distillation; Sphere packing; Porosity; Drop (telecommunication); Process engineering; Composite material; Chromatography; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008635068768669393,"score_gpt":0.17461923086651684,"score_spread":0.16598416209784744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2565564190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99839216,0.000009406528,0.0009661692,0.0004881002,0.00005854689,0.00004203269,0.0000036253275,0.000009487399,0.000030448899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990929,4.7551117e-7,0.00081171194,0.00001923803,0.00004295438,5.7418026e-7,5.540885e-7,0.00000866829,0.000022944985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994775,0.000005438294,0.0001655543,0.000060241993,0.0001523024,0.00013895713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959433,0.000016932354,0.00011842963,0.00011018056,0.000010846963,0.00014927707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006511705,0.00007653439,0.00010905574,0.000036432317,0.000024923353,0.000012120791,0.0002160905,0.00004581806,0.00035208315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005577495,0.000042404128,0.00002415663,0.000103385726,0.00011260943,0.00015624525,0.000013917042,0.00009543383,0.0000028617583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006266906,0.000001311949,0.00051124336,0.0000018987016,0.000007601349,0.0000025500449,0.00016373605,0.000527945,0.99795634,0.00013570528,0.000031069707,0.0006543101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019389317,0.000026399213,0.0034666497,0.000042557604,0.0000051362576,0.00004591795,0.000008151284,0.00007678288,0.9958327,0.000068956775,0.00016981996,0.00006306378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007370193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013585709,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029554064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020516754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005273395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38550633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2569155530","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2016.12.013","title":"Reverse osmosis applied to soil remediation wastewater: Comparison between bench-scale and pilot-scale results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; EnGlobe (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Environmental remediation; Environmental science; Context (archaeology); Fouling; Wastewater; Reuse; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Geology; Contamination","score_opus":0.01742208964174317,"score_gpt":0.24588916733018998,"score_spread":0.22846707768844682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2569155530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966217,0.000007821311,0.0014408317,0.0011227151,0.00011488041,0.00012412954,0.000003427405,0.000040506326,0.0005239398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954946,0.000012692869,0.004241012,0.000018647235,0.00010218609,0.0000063811153,0.0000027810133,0.000014068476,0.000107630796],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987995,0.000006907678,0.00046427664,0.00018046265,0.00032318846,0.000225641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993399,0.00001740969,0.00024690773,0.0002517373,0.000023055498,0.00012098225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045336853,0.00013512414,0.00025625268,0.00009127345,0.00015097682,0.000113907125,0.00039974917,0.00006523413,0.000022102893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007867019,0.00010017945,0.000025480116,0.000053446005,0.0000485562,0.0004900437,0.00018076376,0.0001930361,0.000035902485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018239755,0.000061808154,0.0520073,0.00014290964,0.00003556562,0.0000070508127,0.0060451273,0.1409215,0.7928331,0.0000024706633,0.0015306876,0.006230068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063560123,0.00019010396,0.034069926,0.000053215066,0.000026987529,0.00000934069,0.00016537355,0.0015400994,0.96142894,0.00007889961,0.0016122914,0.00018919219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029651997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022537157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16859585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068327914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004310014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40851995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2570980610","doi":"10.3390/polym9010010","title":"Pentynyl Ether of β-Cyclodextrin Polymer and Silica Micro-Particles: A New Hybrid Material for Adsorption of Phenanthrene from Water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Konkuk University; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Phenanthrene; Thermogravimetric analysis; Polymer; Cyclodextrin; Adsorption; Chemistry; Polymerization; Aqueous solution; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01710718272310979,"score_gpt":0.2516473462036191,"score_spread":0.23454016348050932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2570980610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99842876,0.00012660518,0.0002401019,0.0005023572,0.00011015505,0.00019232092,0.00010571112,0.000024353789,0.0002696203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986408,0.000027382928,0.00077927305,0.00002841182,0.000026847916,0.000009460736,0.000017238039,0.000012117811,0.000458516],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999228,0.000015391384,0.0002241702,0.00022024375,0.00012352223,0.00018869266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993683,0.000021881659,0.0001697397,0.00038571277,0.0000040166965,0.000050368075],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007888322,0.00010481672,0.00017529266,0.000025067748,0.0000730973,0.000025022053,0.0002506642,0.000052587115,0.0021128992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025342413,0.000079786965,0.000045926176,0.000015819303,0.00042663317,0.00017909976,0.00016733636,0.00002791362,0.000026120837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015338515,0.000025805453,0.0023760481,0.0000072197417,0.0000138179585,1.7848842e-7,0.00044238343,0.0000037759028,0.9856231,0.00002759015,0.00018679677,0.011139907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064360566,0.000064120075,0.0033294423,0.000008888224,0.000030864463,7.741737e-7,0.00013684848,0.00008125702,0.9947112,0.00066326413,0.00023045568,0.000099258505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003899664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000804639,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011040648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013816792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065853997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2578602722","doi":"10.1002/aic.15646","title":"Investigation of CO<sub>2</sub> removal by immobilized carbonic anhydrase enzyme in a hollow‐fiber membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Countercurrent exchange; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Hollow fiber membrane; Chromatography; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Mass transfer; Membrane bioreactor; Immobilized enzyme; Fiber; Dispersion (optics); Organic chemistry; Enzyme; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018120405990785862,"score_gpt":0.2525541201786771,"score_spread":0.23443371418789127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2578602722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966029,0.000114235685,0.000010492621,0.0007650231,0.000105572435,0.00020072875,0.000009263688,0.00003634299,0.0021554432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989779,0.0001777606,0.00048085232,0.00008269074,0.000031592917,0.00000839836,0.000006943825,0.00001794969,0.00021588468],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983122,0.00011987274,0.0005168611,0.0002642076,0.00047615424,0.00031070085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985387,0.00006565855,0.00066278485,0.000579557,0.000018309263,0.0001350128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008744855,0.00018188573,0.00029020308,0.000112171576,0.00021421231,0.00010851535,0.0006110558,0.00018487866,0.0004147306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046103084,0.00016077324,0.00008962186,0.00016421737,0.0005797234,0.0006646415,0.0001425142,0.00044150327,0.00017009182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004923471,0.000032695327,0.014030342,0.000006905787,0.000011545205,0.000034365377,0.00018173295,0.00006978122,0.9810002,0.000006562482,0.0026851534,0.001891504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012427615,0.00008353603,0.021297507,0.00003652736,0.00001641862,0.00011236538,0.000059927745,0.00033465627,0.9750078,0.00041837455,0.0012128383,0.00017733415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024131851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001499345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007267165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001987473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005831286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65561426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579123921","doi":"10.3390/membranes7010004","title":"Colloidal Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes: Development of a Standard Operating Procedure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Concentration polarization; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Compaction; Chromatography; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02225038322490759,"score_gpt":0.2725563588243439,"score_spread":0.25030597559943635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579123921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990477,0.00006205448,0.00052927795,0.00015982692,0.00009526105,0.00038210006,0.0000070798874,0.000071467286,0.008215879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98113334,0.00002419568,0.018307982,0.00001664689,0.000015860727,0.00003477663,0.0000056450135,0.000014856075,0.00044671271],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840635,0.000028052884,0.00055544666,0.00029817937,0.00050139386,0.00021060283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884313,0.00004404326,0.00050868496,0.0005178965,0.000044235596,0.00004198298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048052747,0.00016933023,0.00032091586,0.000055797856,0.0005033733,0.000060803042,0.0005950939,0.00011409158,0.00051308953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045475134,0.00014917196,0.00005305606,0.00011677687,0.00034580825,0.00045914212,0.0002074565,0.000084858795,0.000030616342],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004903101,0.00004606258,0.01357355,0.00039760652,0.000020046582,0.0000017759288,0.0021819335,0.0019130523,0.97551376,0.0001268897,0.00005500857,0.0061212652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004426785,0.00006142139,0.0064984197,0.0000845757,0.000011104091,0.000004638455,0.0006457611,0.000644632,0.9900252,0.00010629954,0.0013079274,0.0001673093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000068387046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028694296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017778704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005977907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009320431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60830563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579955885","doi":"10.2166/wqrjc.2017.004","title":"Sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating prehydrolysis liquor (PHL): correlation of cATP™ with performance parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Volatile suspended solids; Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Biodegradation; Biomass (ecology); Correlation coefficient; Chromatography; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Computer science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.10872342581673104,"score_gpt":0.34933201073426445,"score_spread":0.2406085849175334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579955885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99726695,0.000022516631,0.00029361947,0.0007415727,0.000048663347,0.00028735405,0.000004131808,0.000054536504,0.0012806422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954486,0.000045202796,0.0036877983,0.000017783119,0.000026608703,0.000019949126,0.000014006505,0.000018119488,0.00072191923],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960235,0.00078342244,0.00061757665,0.0003172569,0.0016527601,0.0006055059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870396,0.00017434635,0.00023875055,0.00045395803,0.00016150122,0.00026747477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0055226507,0.00017245793,0.00030501443,0.0002551,0.0002868506,0.00011637125,0.0005142805,0.00012433766,0.00042834145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043280647,0.000105848056,0.000082353974,0.0005670737,0.0007001845,0.00079317787,0.0002063359,0.00069165137,0.0002467171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015653573,0.00037343643,0.2668608,0.00010470381,0.0001639853,0.000029327479,0.009785175,0.027029186,0.6804423,0.000043800752,0.0011778278,0.0124241235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012797765,0.0011967544,0.015359245,0.000064773805,0.000024770392,0.00008723394,0.0016795128,0.004467879,0.9748497,0.00026740832,0.00046474696,0.00025822697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008198441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012433149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2944074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039909358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007714747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46900383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2579993043","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.053","title":"Integrated pyrolucite fluidized bed-membrane hybrid process for improved iron and manganese control in drinking water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Manganese; Fouling; Humic acid; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Ceramic membrane; Water treatment; Filter cake; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03876457276172998,"score_gpt":0.33354400271613954,"score_spread":0.29477942995440953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2579993043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99460757,0.00001609621,0.000061565224,0.0032327792,0.000045739816,0.0014024285,0.000009596887,0.00008115041,0.0005430792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979034,0.000022887883,0.00013636697,0.000062333274,0.000023435676,0.00041250946,0.000032137617,0.000028264056,0.0013786328],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997815,0.00010809582,0.00027477296,0.0005669123,0.00036390938,0.00087132235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991386,0.000039609156,0.000037376773,0.0006456911,0.00004934423,0.00008939872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001958598,0.00017843387,0.00025579103,0.00016833938,0.00060626667,0.00033687172,0.000791491,0.00011322973,0.00036329892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002410849,0.00010655967,0.00003583483,0.00006138096,0.0006596741,0.0005533698,0.00048533248,0.00037595243,0.00020781464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033045173,0.000039400944,0.003893561,0.000052883322,0.000005894851,0.000016190625,0.00065338495,0.000018056604,0.99151474,0.000009169706,0.000100550926,0.0033657288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002364803,0.00013057078,0.0006816321,0.000022722048,0.0000038844732,0.000007088622,0.0001203419,0.0070781074,0.9847697,0.0019471137,0.0026970159,0.0001770065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007618607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005080969,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007060051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011365217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009972492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46629745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587116725","doi":"10.5006/c2013-02710","title":"Effect of Biodiesel Addition on Microbial Population in Diesel Storage Tanks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiesel; Diesel fuel; Waste management; Storage tank; Population; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.005398820848320409,"score_gpt":0.2228849977819217,"score_spread":0.21748617693360128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587116725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907005,0.0000025238755,0.000047189686,0.00013683687,0.00006619249,0.00037989562,0.000005300892,0.00007309119,0.0085884705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999043,0.000003475684,0.00028505622,0.000042771157,0.0000055907844,0.000041501065,0.000025736392,0.0000044894878,0.00054839655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993564,0.00006184338,0.00016690633,0.00016027686,0.00013743031,0.00011718052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996714,0.0000799817,0.00006183129,0.0001677512,0.0000031046932,0.00001592041],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015604822,0.00008423138,0.00011341047,0.00007132739,0.00002869559,0.000009217311,0.000105091465,0.00007618851,0.006166546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009848689,0.00006492716,0.000024508221,0.00017377477,0.00007547949,0.00021253775,0.000053756965,0.00007161047,0.0012082225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010924549,0.0001745227,0.12049786,0.00006462827,0.000007927714,0.0000022050428,0.00021165579,0.0046913004,0.7488267,0.00045601648,0.047652293,0.07730563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006423171,0.00071239047,0.49222708,0.000024329054,0.000003908636,0.0000011104838,0.000038482132,0.0024279903,0.50273067,0.00057360664,0.0004308344,0.00018726202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014420102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023311844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37172922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010098949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.603422e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587190162","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000113","title":"Formation Mechanism and Performance of Dynamic Membrane Technology for Municipal Wastewater Treatment - A Review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Recycling & Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane technology; Wastewater; Fouling; Process engineering; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.021019327350158233,"score_gpt":0.317472517005212,"score_spread":0.2964531896550538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587190162","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009889718,0.9937897,0.0002633554,0.00010480957,0.00014530933,0.0036283007,0.000019449579,0.000084974185,0.0009751628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005413368,0.99200183,0.0054984954,0.000015837037,0.0000072397324,0.0011146888,0.00003535041,0.000036077825,0.00074912515],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976922,0.000063336905,0.001051615,0.00059010537,0.00021838387,0.00038433415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846834,0.000099590165,0.00069577387,0.0006978281,0.000008130417,0.000030324132],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044772855,0.00043595667,0.0012617562,0.00038687693,0.00007448894,0.0000104001765,0.00050508505,0.00019328826,0.000055412533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030748084,0.00029856927,0.00015471339,0.00045110303,0.00017722856,0.0004299268,0.00044097943,0.00011959286,0.00004316083],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010601038,0.000031635762,0.0000011918924,0.036233258,0.00003334254,0.0000022942004,0.00002042971,0.00005149112,0.000013731815,0.0005470384,0.0000052200376,0.96304977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059506245,0.00047442166,2.6126853e-7,0.059654776,0.00038697995,0.00001717258,0.0001075236,0.0011766907,0.0006846724,0.0017253205,0.93472666,0.00045044278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027668634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026734066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96259934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044240427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006012948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587192478","doi":"","title":"The performance of specific membranes in membrane bioreactors","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Atrium (University of Guelph)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01631715192218012,"score_gpt":0.20229835018214673,"score_spread":0.18598119825996662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587192478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994075,0.00024322738,0.000008445451,0.000718429,0.00008288932,0.0001433538,0.0000025093325,0.000026627162,0.0046994896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981705,0.0010442588,0.00013988433,0.000007530034,0.00001106296,1.8871945e-7,0.0000012691468,0.0000044150374,0.00062087405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925363,0.00005898791,0.00012481672,0.00010380034,0.00023964934,0.00021911382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992539,0.00014438607,0.00014995266,0.00041358665,0.000008729808,0.000029417406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054584286,0.00008211208,0.00013006735,0.000049742077,0.00017455344,0.000003996435,0.0007251093,0.00005676426,0.0005436078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002035166,0.000057346162,0.00005573684,0.00043408337,0.000779676,0.0003219711,0.00025278982,0.000117899945,0.00016626317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014075846,0.00008282473,0.09111629,0.00003459865,0.000016421249,0.000001127211,0.002905328,0.00063941965,0.89822346,0.0007930475,0.0010066964,0.0050400584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003385269,0.000058074125,0.8508183,0.000010632702,0.000016008631,0.0000040942286,0.0049410504,0.0004324778,0.118790545,0.00005695968,0.02440687,0.00012648202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044255893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015932368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7794329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004976177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062422487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5952124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587875769","doi":"10.2166/ws.2017.016","title":"Biologically active ion exchange (BIEX) for NOM removal and membrane fouling prevention","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Water treatment; Ion exchange; Natural organic matter; Chromatography; Organic matter; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.022890536604656724,"score_gpt":0.2741668204754763,"score_spread":0.2512762838708196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587875769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98493063,0.000014467068,0.0019838065,0.010182265,0.00028573102,0.0008138621,0.0000071759773,0.0004192658,0.0013627899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98553884,0.000041800344,0.0128340535,0.00009675705,0.000031328058,0.00020548324,0.00001403233,0.000014785223,0.0012229457],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99747926,0.000024490717,0.00029872058,0.0010131331,0.00029500137,0.00088940363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871135,0.00001644022,0.00013191203,0.0010133571,0.00004411694,0.000082805665],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009315785,0.00026010314,0.0002778726,0.00037344708,0.0017360752,0.0002469251,0.0017500818,0.00034895213,0.00029499814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018638094,0.00015588943,0.00005936135,0.0001941443,0.0041722595,0.0012687284,0.0019033782,0.00022328152,0.00024522535],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004588536,0.000036442027,0.00460049,0.0000113837195,0.000005438041,0.00001353759,0.0004404989,0.000012091923,0.9517731,0.0003812292,0.000036604197,0.042643286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052801194,0.00030539557,0.003093257,0.000014140084,0.0000132373325,0.00009091738,0.00013882776,0.0006110093,0.96616614,0.018046023,0.0107181575,0.00027489738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059033064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006984812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04236839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012413983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013185242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2589533743","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.079","title":"Surface modification of thin film composite membrane by nanoporous titanate nanoparticles for improving combined organic and inorganic antifouling properties","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Biofouling; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Fouling; Nanofiltration; Nanoporous; Nanoparticle; Zeta potential; Interfacial polymerization; Contact angle; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.013908497031044673,"score_gpt":0.21211605013115112,"score_spread":0.19820755310010646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2589533743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991684,0.000055950495,0.00019994311,0.00015440786,0.00010470067,0.0002239208,0.000012145215,0.000067034925,0.000013513688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99826,0.000030046445,0.001646106,0.000007627746,0.000004007747,0.0000068377935,0.000001931395,0.000009192761,0.000034224533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921894,0.00000610616,0.0001816193,0.00023840445,0.00016609699,0.0001888187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955475,0.000015212768,0.0001203973,0.00024782878,0.00002346297,0.000038335245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005605984,0.000096933305,0.00014558513,0.000025879233,0.0003791372,0.00024009171,0.0002945272,0.00003815518,0.000016972615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002408123,0.00008277128,0.000006107601,0.000076201126,0.00040661672,0.0005424299,0.00020492711,0.000025506779,0.000003847609],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009458225,0.00000763637,0.00023717846,0.00007825122,0.0000015745426,1.4016453e-7,0.00017066702,0.0013091982,0.99799836,0.000052766907,0.000009884697,0.00012486946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017680327,0.000046525198,0.0027793045,0.000018264793,0.0000062384565,0.0000022885333,0.000047951253,0.026687926,0.9700853,0.000032498392,0.000012812202,0.00010405064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013482056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048247484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027913038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030519837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010981564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33753148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2589563911","doi":"10.2166/wrd.2017.154","title":"Biological filtration with and without prior in-line coagulation to reduce UF fouling by secondary effluent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Biofilter; Effluent; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Membrane fouling; Anthracite; Turbidity; Coagulation; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Coal","score_opus":0.02636677823854435,"score_gpt":0.2872878611188396,"score_spread":0.26092108288029525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2589563911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961074,0.00003014285,0.0016124496,0.0019594554,0.00003233201,0.00014472198,9.2086015e-7,0.0000088408315,0.00010376174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951263,0.000052463976,0.0046560713,0.00008430006,0.000020239235,0.00000311021,0.0000033863187,0.0000041585226,0.000049957533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936855,0.000030394815,0.0002375059,0.00012483538,0.00014671196,0.00009200147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958473,0.000013646642,0.00018892699,0.00014526323,0.000023889967,0.00004356574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000451811,0.00007179916,0.00011839602,0.00006105828,0.0001348457,0.000096713695,0.00012596833,0.00006299125,0.000022984514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001415642,0.000043132677,0.00000968555,0.00002917737,0.00007855546,0.00056790403,0.000083012164,0.000100582525,0.000003822171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038545975,0.00006836892,0.22011147,0.000013826314,0.000011224181,0.0000070137585,0.0012936541,0.0012597119,0.74491006,0.00003560376,0.00028169586,0.03162188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015021188,0.0008557297,0.422833,0.000069977665,0.000014842856,0.00008274819,0.00011585497,0.001601929,0.5699893,0.0016284067,0.0011456953,0.00016039959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025969022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003417345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20272152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042171025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005199987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17588995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591409729","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2017.1297490","title":"The effect of contaminated particle sphericity and size on membrane fouling in cross flow ultrafiltration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Particle size; Polysulfone; Chromatography; Dispersity; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Ammonium bromide; Particle (ecology); Sphericity; Materials science; Pulmonary surfactant; Composite material; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.0052646307681792626,"score_gpt":0.24204698428200305,"score_spread":0.2367823535138238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591409729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982551,0.000044078126,0.000021245463,0.00051948265,0.000052115935,0.00037313713,0.000004043332,0.000073990355,0.000656859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994441,0.00010537019,0.00020332178,0.000016898157,0.000003881878,0.000051459432,0.0000012467614,0.000010172672,0.0001635053],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989676,0.00005582397,0.00024776085,0.00030536254,0.00017312034,0.00025033104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989237,0.000254463,0.00018606767,0.0006096315,7.10806e-7,0.000025380356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036571923,0.00014734291,0.00018862005,0.0000150927535,0.00041301694,0.00003924156,0.00044090385,0.00017892409,0.00017252313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045920818,0.000109127745,0.000026673852,0.00007600721,0.0018962097,0.00017535177,0.00025520544,0.00021412058,0.00006758049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009387421,0.000034154746,0.5071324,0.000004392883,0.000005890122,0.0000064395563,0.000042025436,0.0007784818,0.45922524,0.000103890154,0.0000056258514,0.032567535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006796078,0.00038288912,0.3114515,0.000006602406,0.0000039571337,0.000005264395,0.00005596096,0.0020906036,0.6848735,0.00023823131,0.0001299408,0.000081909966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004759798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009694419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2256483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009722547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014632766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69866633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2591834698","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.033","title":"Quantitative evaluation of the interfacial interactions between a randomly rough sludge floc and membrane surface in a membrane bioreactor based on fractal geometry","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Fractal; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Surface roughness; Bioreactor; Particle (ecology); Fractal dimension; Surface finish; Surface (topology); Particle size; Fouling; Biological system; Mechanics; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Geometry; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Geology","score_opus":0.04272264996833526,"score_gpt":0.3208387760895248,"score_spread":0.2781161261211896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2591834698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99353,0.00003477678,0.00011954089,0.0038879458,0.00010436451,0.0007901399,0.000041658295,0.00012749838,0.0013641013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992572,0.000007352197,0.0005662746,0.0000401117,0.000011155546,0.000047304846,0.00000590243,0.000018448425,0.000046257195],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805844,0.00018910474,0.00043348828,0.0004917499,0.0005384224,0.00028882571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980472,0.0003100798,0.0005135754,0.0010494845,0.00004176778,0.000037923775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009864438,0.00023906412,0.00039283524,0.00034907577,0.00029421484,0.000052107636,0.0009335662,0.00032654777,0.00029888708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024754747,0.0001830759,0.00007815038,0.0005700715,0.0015283547,0.00022562928,0.000508954,0.00049478025,0.00005391412],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059826643,0.00037224565,0.50470763,0.000034756336,0.000077389894,0.0000048366737,0.0005833217,0.0043211873,0.47007555,0.0006140216,0.00017676542,0.018434023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051216083,0.0004524494,0.31926563,0.00014796622,0.000120317476,0.0000074105706,0.00076914614,0.03834647,0.6331234,0.0008305498,0.001398578,0.0004164412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063843885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007106187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.185442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019857001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003369214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7465619},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592173300","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.005","title":"Membrane fouling control in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) using granular materials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":144,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Aeration; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Granule (geology); Membrane; Biofouling; Microfiltration; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.07219290706934106,"score_gpt":0.3376637082411119,"score_spread":0.26547080117177085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2592173300","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.018124148,0.97453904,0.00013760831,0.0002532801,0.00059635914,0.0033710613,0.00018441529,0.001724115,0.0010699996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011774517,0.98585504,0.0013705676,0.000053428375,0.00010347898,0.00032284696,0.000076730736,0.0002089101,0.00023448167],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99484366,0.0002745162,0.0016372928,0.0015341121,0.0005186087,0.0011918192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954348,0.00016572369,0.0016048382,0.0026533422,0.00001760262,0.00012366152],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001018808,0.0011204458,0.0035304748,0.0016307496,0.0003584357,0.00015209409,0.0031392777,0.0028849638,0.0011257182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072633976,0.00097400317,0.00039804506,0.0011871968,0.0017588926,0.00023705269,0.001090009,0.0010785906,0.0010304041],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005036581,0.00026123394,0.0006909827,0.0051193433,0.00021447781,0.0005892539,0.000078238656,0.00012813437,0.060018968,0.0005834481,0.00021960078,0.93204594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076595624,0.000073683135,0.000014379661,0.0026864342,0.00039917236,0.00021306842,0.0000428241,0.000090573594,0.009983381,0.00015433798,0.9844441,0.0011320891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052372226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011182452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9842245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066527945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009165853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2592454446","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.065","title":"Operation of passive membrane systems for drinking water treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Sparging; Ultrafiltration (renal); Water treatment; Air sparging; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering; Chromatography; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.10243417838000113,"score_gpt":0.3704708874100217,"score_spread":0.2680367090300206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2592454446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925337,0.000010432236,0.0002246008,0.0014835031,0.00010172835,0.000981889,0.0000046754403,0.000033336066,0.0046261414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99144804,0.000035632685,0.00016164334,0.000004524786,0.000033642496,0.000329904,0.000018761002,0.0000109687235,0.007956893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987211,0.00007294316,0.00017849823,0.00025729125,0.000387011,0.00038312195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924296,0.000019295554,0.000029371757,0.00063355605,0.00003697739,0.000037855032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006913244,0.00008421124,0.00014534227,0.00006193992,0.00061701227,0.00017406321,0.00045806894,0.000072816816,0.0004959061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005034033,0.000043685264,0.00003825375,0.00001869396,0.00030590466,0.00035660315,0.00031294266,0.00006834889,0.00059696153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034787892,0.000042787353,0.0012733653,0.000026483769,0.000014219259,0.0000033586737,0.00085562916,0.0013550567,0.99377316,0.0003279976,0.00033510212,0.0019580754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037821452,0.00022289302,0.0002762386,0.000010122211,0.0000033673718,0.0000015958805,0.00013375982,0.0022318042,0.98072445,0.0003389631,0.015613445,0.00006514033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012981354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012090317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015278343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016632992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006074169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76729316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2594902287","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.0143","title":"Ultrafiltration of oil-in-water emulsion using a 0.04-μm silicon carbide membrane: Taguchi experimental design approach","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Taguchi methods; Silicon carbide; Emulsion; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.04779412572168727,"score_gpt":0.28510354838122887,"score_spread":0.23730942265954158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2594902287","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99731654,0.000024833076,0.0004446515,0.00015190785,0.000047235975,0.00029157786,0.0000022414706,0.000040116647,0.0016809105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99634707,0.000035210935,0.0030544407,0.00001823625,0.000008653903,0.000061223785,0.000038654223,0.00001194847,0.00042455198],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895394,0.0000752688,0.0002581818,0.0003171894,0.00019096803,0.0002044246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995351,0.000012903251,0.00008882277,0.00031318972,0.000008854779,0.000041128293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016993734,0.0001712681,0.00018605289,0.000078924,0.00023312595,0.000071439936,0.00012912779,0.00009497078,0.00011757605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010178399,0.00010711642,0.000037897327,0.000028292916,0.00017048728,0.0004920852,0.0000640641,0.00004080918,0.000022768576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049458067,0.0002564411,0.0034683421,0.0000089917185,0.00001065466,0.0000036984427,0.002159641,0.003765626,0.9874679,0.00006154783,0.000004371915,0.002743358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010629293,0.00016038482,0.002966917,0.0000094039115,0.000015391086,0.000008579847,0.00022217765,0.015596187,0.9796711,0.00007953563,0.00007342267,0.00013393044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093103736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033296983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01183056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021812001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003840027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4368081},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2595369245","doi":"10.3390/polym9030110","title":"Preparation of Microporous Polypropylene/Titanium Dioxide Composite Membranes with Enhanced Electrolyte Uptake Capability via Melt Extruding and Stretching","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Crystallinity; Membrane; Polypropylene; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Composite number; Electrolyte; Titanium dioxide; Differential scanning calorimetry; Lamellar structure; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008341060118710636,"score_gpt":0.25537643254300724,"score_spread":0.2470353724242966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2595369245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99447167,0.00018086925,0.001465822,0.00020523353,0.000044189863,0.0002832511,0.0000050839244,0.000092718146,0.0032511747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973121,0.000054531287,0.00240055,0.000024555553,0.000011864916,0.000015473146,0.0000038144117,0.000016212245,0.00016086572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872106,0.00003217064,0.000278194,0.00042221922,0.00026650936,0.00027986954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988934,0.000036173646,0.00036691333,0.000625948,0.000011575055,0.00006603106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019123929,0.00019127017,0.00025080904,0.00004226905,0.00038245416,0.00006199449,0.00033262384,0.00008166975,0.00014274399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004430763,0.00016417792,0.000038262006,0.00007504668,0.00064182567,0.0005213986,0.00014883862,0.00011518115,0.000011294925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013174559,0.000025142586,0.0060706693,0.00002661804,0.000022636992,0.0000019187469,0.00051827123,0.00009889871,0.98295844,0.000037122405,0.000003921406,0.01010461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003278879,0.00014121618,0.030459799,0.000017461718,0.000028535529,0.0000132806135,0.00019389972,0.00061972416,0.96788335,0.00010612695,0.00002573039,0.00018297812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013542118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071011257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024389131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007814812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000134040165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66949815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600716474","doi":"10.1021/acs.jced.6b00780","title":"Chemical Modeling of the TMA–CO<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O System: A Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis for Process Water Recovery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Process (computing); Osmosis; Process engineering; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Computer science; Engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.021805417760092476,"score_gpt":0.24953746241119343,"score_spread":0.22773204465110095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600716474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986547,0.000032889555,0.012538535,0.00034946657,0.00017372439,0.00025261106,0.000045975903,0.0000363907,0.000023415243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981226,0.000026070125,0.0016722095,0.000013208071,0.00009541667,0.000017906164,0.000025113812,0.000026565604,9.227379e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810225,0.000013210825,0.0007326288,0.0003067501,0.00047941887,0.00036575645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984743,0.00006793634,0.00038109015,0.00095207983,0.000043319505,0.00008128063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007320869,0.0002031087,0.00038979543,0.000070068556,0.00007941899,0.00007051942,0.0018564936,0.0002122196,0.0000042417582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008643921,0.00014288975,0.00013637588,0.00009856971,0.00011992291,0.00093465793,0.00067121594,0.00041235413,0.0000071752224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006118213,0.000039357154,0.00011698589,0.0002021378,0.00002451099,0.0000021344786,0.00005250019,0.028648425,0.96956265,0.0000055208084,0.00033317483,0.0009513912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037606733,0.000018160565,0.000034782697,0.00024688165,0.000035235258,0.000033313067,0.000017622224,0.2136258,0.7853171,0.000120751996,0.000036380647,0.00013785105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066522753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018589262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18497738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002745984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028934339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5826875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603424135","doi":"","title":"Energy Consumption Related to Shear Stress For Membrane Bioreactors Used For Wastewater Treatment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Energy consumption; Shear stress; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Shear (geology); Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.024777285785300873,"score_gpt":0.22865007813151284,"score_spread":0.20387279234621197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603424135","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945149,0.00000940345,0.0009036823,0.00010776069,0.00016413804,0.0009076859,0.00013674182,0.00030835136,0.0029473624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98652744,0.000020245632,0.004601386,0.000051969968,0.000012802292,0.00006661204,0.0002673171,0.00004216111,0.008410077],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984818,0.000016221655,0.00029626384,0.00055504387,0.00019380244,0.00045687074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919087,0.00006203975,0.00017060693,0.00037210018,0.000024163703,0.0001802127],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100958045,0.00028732978,0.00027904086,0.00020983684,0.00021580915,0.000020936126,0.00030979852,0.00020631282,0.0024650362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020121244,0.0002617336,0.0001678493,0.0002700634,0.0001662849,0.00038894854,0.00009541621,0.000054136286,0.00019294111],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0039707166,0.0022608319,0.25414076,0.00025287122,0.001134667,0.00020609242,0.034114964,0.0035467823,0.61740035,0.04420737,0.018564733,0.02019987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025740617,0.0013807444,0.0042527197,0.000034563833,0.00015857926,0.000007817033,0.0017709248,0.0009179566,0.9157789,0.00050601386,0.071965836,0.0006519105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007598092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003132405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29837853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003235076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018318895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603908354","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2016-0628","title":"Dye rejection membranes prepared from oxidized graphite particles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Membrane; Congo red; Graphite; Chemistry; Graphene; Rhodamine B; Chemical engineering; Graphite oxide; Oxide; Characterization (materials science); Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.013330199104084804,"score_gpt":0.22273771315582147,"score_spread":0.20940751405173666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603908354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99165374,0.00013599305,0.00001891703,0.00088106556,0.00014805362,0.00003761942,0.000010882763,0.000016601422,0.0070971265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989685,0.00003262512,0.00041984158,0.000042678217,0.00007538981,0.000001980038,0.000002195182,0.000008138658,0.00044867766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922836,0.000013588255,0.0002524022,0.00013884695,0.00016766401,0.00019915387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988129,0.00002115145,0.00039667348,0.00044178456,0.000022472517,0.00030503244],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016230832,0.00009589539,0.00014788327,0.000025909232,0.00032661448,0.00012276712,0.0005880859,0.00010245662,0.0025681455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004686295,0.00009071421,0.00007494766,0.000053969346,0.00035505072,0.0003424328,0.00003162319,0.0001531533,0.000044614553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020760652,0.000007021185,0.02992112,0.000007957944,0.000023100645,0.00006639794,0.00019625395,0.00012206055,0.96457225,0.000002619437,0.0034073025,0.0016531642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039370838,0.000013326025,0.020943029,0.000028566128,0.000017196306,0.000051432093,0.00019206533,0.000054482196,0.96227443,0.0019923602,0.01391233,0.00012705132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065740594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010250075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010505028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012924713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000112460126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99834365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606278176","doi":"10.1007/s11783-017-0922-x","title":"Tetra-detector size exclusion chromatography characterization of molecular and solution properties of soluble microbial polysaccharides from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemistry; Molecular mass; Membrane; Chromatography; Polysaccharide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Intrinsic viscosity; Gel permeation chromatography; Refractometry; Viscometer; Filtration (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Viscosity; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer; Refractive index; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.005715825923215136,"score_gpt":0.18226924998297886,"score_spread":0.17655342405976374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606278176","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99779993,0.000115665636,0.001516166,0.000029278903,0.00020330798,0.00024834622,0.000042371947,0.000034469744,0.00001047882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99206936,0.000102964805,0.0077803256,0.000004447468,0.000008360362,0.0000063616976,0.0000065803542,0.000014734035,0.0000068634145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861276,0.000013277803,0.00033063907,0.00038057446,0.00041182345,0.00025092234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902946,0.000006931467,0.00037031458,0.000502434,0.0000055694095,0.00008527427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021272596,0.00017863592,0.0002671195,0.00013204348,0.00019420178,0.00003810423,0.00062618405,0.00008715351,0.000060413146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007751457,0.00017143748,0.000055032127,0.00014729654,0.0016066589,0.001231514,0.00038827522,0.00007497041,0.0000014117051],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019502144,0.00006198606,0.013023198,0.00001268994,0.000009547423,5.5193794e-7,0.00022943567,0.00029625688,0.98556596,0.000007250789,0.0000020485886,0.0007715788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017921126,0.00008473435,0.21162854,0.000030650546,0.000014114932,0.0000010176116,0.000066964465,0.00271579,0.7851229,0.000006080533,0.00001563843,0.00013439317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004028574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008140718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20044309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008855413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010868721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69910175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610622842","doi":"10.5383/swes.06.02.009","title":"Numerical Simulation of Direct Contact Membrane Desalination in Conjugate Heat Transfer Configuration: Role of Membrane Conductivity","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Masdar Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal conductivity; Materials science; Heat transfer; Concentration polarization; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Heat transfer coefficient; Membrane; Convective heat transfer; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.006674341822580816,"score_gpt":0.21849388564177713,"score_spread":0.21181954381919632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2610622842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99511915,0.00008999209,0.0027212547,0.00011478383,0.00013423752,0.00027458777,0.000008491708,0.00000828641,0.001529236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997083,0.000058251982,0.0000267633,0.000014085176,0.000035057757,0.0000076096658,0.00002221847,0.000010925452,0.00011679562],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981173,0.00016954972,0.0007709238,0.0001747288,0.0005699867,0.00019748113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995295,0.00011367894,0.00014853415,0.00010918316,0.00004363825,0.000055455665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078301015,0.0001468619,0.00037220455,0.00016585042,0.00003986768,0.000030021318,0.00021198473,0.00009595092,0.00023178176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048435202,0.00011427763,0.00006971491,0.00007053526,0.00017411694,0.00070388446,0.000057381927,0.000120256576,0.000004701268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028126163,0.00017933572,0.017915908,0.000056738576,0.00005431332,0.000014345608,0.0010433204,0.347503,0.6316191,0.0006966553,0.0000036135118,0.00063237915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019592568,0.0004349865,0.011714539,0.00006705464,0.000030326843,0.00006734336,0.004306188,0.05377573,0.92505854,0.00036716738,0.0020175974,0.0002012881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006343835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005663078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29372728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024637792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008508848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46601066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612146923","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2017.05.022","title":"Enhancing the performance of PVDF membranes by hydrophilic surface modification via amine treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Hydrophilization; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Amine gas treating; Surface modification; Fouling; Fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.015429995540132933,"score_gpt":0.2720179656372284,"score_spread":0.2565879700970955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612146923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910342,0.0002860479,0.0010942359,0.0057530655,0.000055465996,0.00046856672,0.000008250143,0.00015692892,0.0011432183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99677646,0.0010965276,0.00051747257,0.000029909557,0.000009332689,0.00007916123,0.00003471992,0.000009748681,0.0014466747],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891937,0.00003790122,0.00036266667,0.00034315843,0.00016991777,0.00016699354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984222,0.000037686877,0.00047821653,0.0010048987,0.000029170047,0.000027794453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002447042,0.00015667871,0.00017861249,0.00006417403,0.0006598904,0.0000487328,0.0004630352,0.00018766071,0.000108651024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070915696,0.000117176656,0.00002715282,0.00018785529,0.00078412454,0.00033342993,0.00008069553,0.000097892735,0.00012926768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017410825,0.00006373911,0.0074775624,0.00001320431,0.000011188238,1.2047887e-7,0.00019958238,0.0005019917,0.96180344,0.0008414328,0.00022170691,0.028848652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026723684,0.00017892887,0.0074196397,0.000005281183,0.000015944452,0.00000774715,0.00010833338,0.011391533,0.96899885,0.0007316765,0.010744256,0.00013059328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012742344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000085922846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028718058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006987332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011335373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.507541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2613670485","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00847","title":"Highly Conductive Ultrafiltration Membrane via Vacuum Filtration Assisted Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Contact angle; Conductivity; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.08446828011168872,"score_gpt":0.3179583190229337,"score_spread":0.23349003891124498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2613670485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99374026,0.000027481863,0.00016357815,0.00046249232,0.00022336788,0.0003955007,0.000031071722,0.0001425842,0.004813644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99820286,0.000014954957,0.00013038398,0.0000029343423,0.00017120104,0.000099491,0.00011671899,0.000025189038,0.0012362726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99769646,0.00007340109,0.00041764727,0.00045744114,0.0009611892,0.00039383885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872214,0.00019900911,0.0002050774,0.0006607211,0.000106120075,0.00010692656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076912565,0.00021412566,0.00025831387,0.00006685571,0.0003398778,0.0001333601,0.0005468196,0.00048659288,0.000809006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010087034,0.0002234344,0.0000675847,0.00028598157,0.00032998118,0.0004413225,0.0001375242,0.00067536434,0.000024228928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010145461,0.0000721721,0.0005751858,0.000034531055,0.00003456861,0.000003539535,0.000031225314,0.0018644154,0.9956293,0.000016801832,0.0007730474,0.0008637258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009025551,0.00007529689,0.0012366468,0.00004033146,0.000016527312,0.000012341476,0.00003831652,0.0049541485,0.9917793,0.00003966635,0.0007015837,0.0002032799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007254292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009957025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044625746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003455378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061633276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.911139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614437136","doi":"10.1007/s11270-017-3386-5","title":"Removal of Heavy Metals from Mining Wastewater by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (MEUF): Experimental Investigation and Monte Carlo-Based Artificial Neural Network Modeling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Air & Soil Pollution","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Wastewater; Concentration polarization; Monte Carlo method; Chemistry; Cobalt; Environmental engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.023328532883906447,"score_gpt":0.2357353111426488,"score_spread":0.21240677825874238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614437136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969719,0.000099694276,0.0015166472,0.00068481936,0.0002039275,0.00025514304,0.000018844565,0.00008622648,0.00016280549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975034,0.0000047753188,0.0021041494,0.00011164458,0.000075908036,0.000024646844,0.00006983181,0.000018799114,0.00008683769],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984328,0.00009322238,0.00042999187,0.00042608168,0.00030496457,0.00031291434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992917,0.000012760228,0.00021224639,0.0004009269,0.000013264114,0.00006909073],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025251508,0.0002096083,0.00023027214,0.000035444104,0.00046837117,0.00009920916,0.00021629628,0.00014858099,0.000061629085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026057607,0.00017589593,0.0000591695,0.000046526613,0.00034902323,0.0006914303,0.00010556456,0.000102238715,0.000023135917],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007330369,0.000017049631,0.00021654426,0.000003474933,0.000007743757,0.0000014443201,0.00069052406,0.24804775,0.7500973,0.0000027126785,0.00008814758,0.00075402745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024702493,0.00005187121,0.00031806593,0.00001649495,0.00001685405,0.0000021661149,0.00018155923,0.34609783,0.65273356,0.00018834656,0.000010698622,0.0001355592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019311653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003062382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.098050065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009014129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008664292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7172828},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614946729","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2017.04.048","title":"Preparation and characterization of PPSU membranes with BiOCl nanowafers loaded on activated charcoal for oil in water separation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Porosity; Chromatography; Biofouling; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.009928921484605271,"score_gpt":0.24248013077798392,"score_spread":0.23255120929337864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614946729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99833983,0.0000031707077,0.00020587794,0.0010024674,0.00012107931,0.00013977128,0.000004241607,0.0000070011642,0.00017656083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99948674,0.000012526461,0.00039184248,0.000015282014,0.000018911971,0.0000056975027,0.0000064246906,0.000006775551,0.000055786524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992239,0.00001086317,0.0003279049,0.00010368962,0.00022961263,0.00010404051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928266,0.000012719486,0.00043933975,0.00020383719,0.000033124583,0.000028322977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001782566,0.000102592996,0.00020413384,0.00006713219,0.00004987968,0.000018750481,0.00028052728,0.000085983585,0.000010837921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012444681,0.000060158927,0.00004667281,0.00006397064,0.0002892164,0.00054946676,0.000045403503,0.000108332286,6.789871e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045140742,0.000038813047,0.00021348792,0.000053062107,0.000016750782,4.5967178e-7,0.00031400472,0.00586772,0.99227136,0.00004381868,0.000014724005,0.00071440317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008617191,0.0001289569,0.0010716529,0.00010122941,0.000017284025,0.0000076039587,0.000021309783,0.001226722,0.9961497,0.000048711383,0.00029218156,0.000072886236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008069315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036477466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004640998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068153946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018572227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24532098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2617578876","doi":"10.3390/w9060365","title":"Study of the Removal of Aniline from Wastewater via MEUF Using Mixed Surfactants","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Xiamen University; Xiamen University of Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aniline; Rhamnolipid; Pulmonary surfactant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Chromatography; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Permeation; Membrane; Salinity; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04019950371964226,"score_gpt":0.269529405039509,"score_spread":0.22932990131986675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2617578876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99893665,0.0000027521592,0.000008518498,0.00008511178,0.0001460136,0.00017698444,0.00000533505,0.000012995187,0.0006256483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888587,5.458687e-7,0.00067388715,0.0000062538834,0.000007305007,0.0000010996903,9.84949e-7,0.000006416802,0.00041761386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992581,0.000041760708,0.00019780021,0.0001561436,0.00022713968,0.00011903222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904895,0.000008032044,0.0001233503,0.0008005492,0.000006550229,0.000012565325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013903528,0.00007500635,0.00013502741,0.000010741399,0.00012362598,0.000014920477,0.00051704404,0.000045026733,0.000650072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023390026,0.000037618116,0.000029362054,0.000021366153,0.00019986097,0.00014472421,0.00055935234,0.000052955354,0.000052115025],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013057828,0.000069401474,0.06965264,0.0000016556777,0.000010413809,0.0000047679364,0.00079147087,0.00031445714,0.92876405,5.755559e-7,0.000024957248,0.00035257224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026690424,0.00003428605,0.10409013,0.0000047200856,0.0000125194,0.0000026310033,0.0002089228,0.0004550725,0.8945419,0.00022180747,0.00011102458,0.000050060764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020765066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004876343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03443749,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019372832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017208405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71178323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618065864","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.05.046","title":"Particulate fouling assessment in membrane based air-to-air energy exchangers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy and Buildings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"dPoint Technologies (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Heat exchanger; Particulates; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Relative humidity; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Composite material; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Meteorology; Engineering","score_opus":0.013852298937702907,"score_gpt":0.26125793692409605,"score_spread":0.24740563798639315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2618065864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840455,0.0000284652,0.004869888,0.0035969727,0.000120493205,0.000059532274,0.0000013548777,0.00010124061,0.0071765613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929135,0.000053028023,0.004838506,0.0012325721,0.000023229319,0.000047658454,0.000002861713,0.000012424994,0.0008762507],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889433,0.00002877606,0.0001799587,0.00038536816,0.00021067368,0.00030086873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999345,0.000037569258,0.000105872496,0.00040855893,0.0000049886526,0.000098029006],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024470946,0.00015219348,0.0001689289,0.00007811874,0.00030866047,0.000057866026,0.00033399934,0.00010003205,0.00029134032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005538945,0.000139863,0.00003308067,0.00011442773,0.00016405425,0.000278093,0.00027569183,0.000079996134,0.000011003142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018357592,0.00033600008,0.07205734,0.00006219356,0.000051569776,0.00019110918,0.00066133006,0.19405688,0.5052498,0.046157088,0.0039388593,0.17705427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096621335,0.00013613145,0.04937269,0.000085024956,0.000014336612,0.0000055324977,0.000086905195,0.026901579,0.7896497,0.0019384231,0.13028796,0.0005555007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019159558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012642533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28439993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007219638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009829576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57034475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620060169","doi":"10.1039/c7ta02552a","title":"Poly(p-phenylene terephthamide) embedded in a polysulfone as the substrate for improving compaction resistance and adhesion of a thin film composite polyamide membrane","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Polysulfone; Materials science; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Layer (electronics); Adhesion; Phenylene; Composite number; Compaction; Membrane; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015256231258374988,"score_gpt":0.26318830250347297,"score_spread":0.24793207124509797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620060169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981842,0.00016205964,0.000028261245,0.0009850671,0.00008242322,0.00016706828,0.000020361455,0.000011143294,0.00035939473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998092,0.00004996566,0.0014849303,0.000030419971,0.000044607434,0.0000063387047,0.0000022459178,0.000010541024,0.00027895265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987458,0.000045009907,0.0006256593,0.00016633172,0.0002407113,0.00017650331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99805003,0.000089667636,0.0014102167,0.00037654556,0.00002686255,0.0000466453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008445701,0.00014219125,0.00033845578,0.000025703546,0.00017230077,0.00012561337,0.00044504614,0.00010547294,0.00019125656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003407566,0.000103745195,0.00005047411,0.000043890308,0.00026898386,0.00036515662,0.000119592136,0.00012321149,0.0000022754539],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007068708,0.000038686896,0.00053462177,0.00015525885,0.000011215206,0.000009863853,0.00022363591,0.000053163996,0.9980514,0.0000062022377,0.000042295007,0.00016679111],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008736876,0.000053556272,0.017603016,0.00011978589,0.000022646116,0.00009664179,0.00025308094,0.00007722885,0.98020846,0.0005613207,0.000029651921,0.00010092762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020385218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038111124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01784294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007296702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024915536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42306063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2620998417","doi":"10.36456/waktu.v15i1.426","title":"PENGARUH BEBAN HIDROLIK MEDIA DALAM MENURUNKAN SENYAWA AMMONIA PADA LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG AYAM (RPA)","year":2017,"lang":"id","type":"article","venue":"Waktu","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Encana (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Chemistry; Ammonia; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021186008062550245,"score_gpt":0.2576201910846859,"score_spread":0.23643418302213567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2620998417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9068865,0.00037655604,0.000033198674,0.0070489137,0.0022351674,0.0010650104,0.000091348375,0.0006070421,0.08165627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9711633,0.00072830956,0.0010327691,0.00027118422,0.00034445475,0.00007833833,0.000052246036,0.0000943013,0.026235145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.994964,0.00020687417,0.00082727877,0.0013914747,0.0012617834,0.0013485954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99486744,0.00026649382,0.0008284404,0.0035342155,0.00003790366,0.00046548978],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000790877,0.0007679344,0.0007590486,0.00015338427,0.002080638,0.00076531916,0.0031764084,0.00068874285,0.00338582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001062725,0.00076574984,0.00026725902,0.00020932058,0.0019520835,0.0012419415,0.0017009391,0.0009989814,0.011418237],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028595096,0.0015933173,0.18184748,0.00040924255,0.0004881778,0.0013076176,0.010799012,0.0004668763,0.52698535,0.0044771526,0.18046129,0.09087855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019937523,0.00038828168,0.4208687,0.00017233081,0.00018812217,0.00007939071,0.0015230216,0.001289673,0.3674228,0.0017078285,0.20257992,0.0017861938],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021341664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005467961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23902121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054999674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010285363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99947935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2621286616","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1335214","title":"Perspective and Roadmap of Energy-Efficient Desalination Integrated with Nanomaterials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Desalination; Commercialization; Geothermal desalination; Water desalination; Environmental science; Business; Engineering","score_opus":0.026237335681590007,"score_gpt":0.30449264012902066,"score_spread":0.27825530444743063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2621286616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96341836,0.0025369856,0.0126865795,0.0013842824,0.00008456584,0.0009744427,0.000011599232,0.00007742108,0.018825766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99426347,0.0024056893,0.0024725704,0.00004115296,0.000008496335,0.00007200225,0.00001734323,0.000005329413,0.0007139667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999179,0.00009141262,0.0002850398,0.00025083058,0.00011994801,0.00007375085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990566,0.000015802263,0.0004949099,0.00035426262,0.000044412525,0.00003406219],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039555147,0.00010641123,0.00018973087,0.00004036102,0.00024059875,0.00008867384,0.00012213446,0.000056560977,0.00016933939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013798462,0.00007648691,0.000016390735,0.00007875256,0.00029312322,0.00022942454,0.000037915273,0.00003219368,0.00002643274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022671573,0.00030554947,0.013073458,0.0001647103,0.000044675067,0.000001582309,0.004104454,0.00061068195,0.48037517,0.30912426,0.0034097598,0.188559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016210453,0.00055539823,0.17686005,0.0002317791,0.00012113104,0.000042473755,0.0011608938,0.014986463,0.4641058,0.0045770113,0.33485565,0.00088229176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012161721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008254937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33144587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004224113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010183155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31190458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2625194897","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01131","title":"Pretreatment and in Situ Fly Ash Systems for Improving the Performance of Sequencing Batch Reactor in Treating Thermomechanical Pulping Effluent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Sequencing batch reactor; Fly ash; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Adsorption; Flocculation; Biomass (ecology); Activated carbon; Waste management; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007621288268919551,"score_gpt":0.20866718746149676,"score_spread":0.2010458991925772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2625194897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99870175,0.00016355826,0.00020196041,0.000041161595,0.00001812043,0.00045866144,8.7143013e-7,0.000036924346,0.00037700988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999181,0.00003116423,0.00033350268,0.0000016738963,0.000013931241,0.00017059213,0.0000015670628,0.000015272939,0.00025130084],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989941,0.0000067840174,0.00026103354,0.0002523098,0.0001254381,0.00036029614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993134,0.00009786973,0.00014736745,0.0003998193,0.000013251255,0.000028249477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046153346,0.000146689,0.0001872666,0.000024386229,0.000125998,0.00007313601,0.0003024449,0.0000916409,0.0000039290494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042055265,0.000121516285,0.000021698459,0.000084857435,0.000050389815,0.0002847115,0.00025824257,0.0001465303,3.3682483e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010097387,0.000009551659,0.007584103,0.0007012695,0.0000046687524,0.0000077407785,0.00032215237,0.043658894,0.9470981,0.000033091666,9.482691e-7,0.0005693802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035228662,0.000028515267,0.0042337277,0.00012547692,0.0000074988193,0.000008219802,0.0019165068,0.084904715,0.90823865,0.00001094601,0.000035400102,0.00013805283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005244606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010345381,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041245826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007038559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022561506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49552906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2638039782","doi":"10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_363","title":"ICONE23-1734 HITACHI-GE-SMALL MODULAR REACTOR BALANCE OF PLANT THERMAL UTILIZATION STUDY","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Boiler feedwater; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental science; Modular design; Process engineering; Waste management; Context (archaeology); Engineering; Environmental engineering; Boiler (water heating); Computer science","score_opus":0.06600631187186458,"score_gpt":0.2378271636498295,"score_spread":0.1718208517779649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2638039782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99082315,0.0000055235605,0.000024609804,0.0007734806,0.00020640531,0.00032439237,0.000011765988,0.00009850865,0.007732163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994378,0.000010345689,0.0002461312,0.00003432644,0.00002707049,0.0000117362015,0.0000016754045,0.000019991236,0.00021092387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988136,0.000009755811,0.0002879311,0.00021040707,0.0005357485,0.00014252718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993951,0.000030331148,0.00025068258,0.00018638908,0.00009883447,0.000038663075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003704314,0.00015300752,0.0001687162,0.00005604801,0.00004105179,0.000043952634,0.0012101555,0.000058338806,0.000197054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030909068,0.0001016703,0.000050940973,0.0001510269,0.000121363635,0.00017717209,0.00036587098,0.00022493114,0.000037705977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019269969,0.0003331079,0.010923893,0.000027892616,0.000108038366,0.0000011073063,0.0031604287,0.034780983,0.90563774,0.043481093,0.00064587395,0.0007071159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015584817,0.0008563913,0.06708222,0.0002463252,0.00006910386,0.000025784006,0.004338795,0.6708184,0.24992971,0.0017092654,0.0027963498,0.0005691676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009151833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033697233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6557081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009318935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012142338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41459948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2680567258","doi":"","title":"Analyse dynamique et statistique des évolutions de perméabilité sur un bioréacteur a membranes a pleine échelle","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Philosophy","score_opus":0.01735791620663996,"score_gpt":0.24590966125767463,"score_spread":0.22855174505103468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2680567258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6311678,0.0033979537,0.32086557,0.018677078,0.00019073594,0.001067853,0.0005570747,0.0006506934,0.023425194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8077528,0.0050164885,0.17182381,0.00015082795,0.000019638037,0.00028303365,0.0006668245,0.00009211121,0.01419448],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9834236,0.01205142,0.0012074512,0.0014622492,0.0006883778,0.0011669106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99086475,0.0032871917,0.00094917085,0.0034121317,0.0009215992,0.00056516187],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010990417,0.00082796003,0.00079599564,0.0003154093,0.0009755409,0.00045376772,0.0023020357,0.0008407444,0.0054024123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0062355935,0.0009119754,0.00042507952,0.0012047938,0.002448628,0.0007217274,0.0020856496,0.001419912,0.00074406393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009809401,0.005902373,0.14829618,0.0015250363,0.00063871033,0.000041728446,0.059171297,0.010971978,0.29030427,0.33969238,0.001538074,0.14181988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012454703,0.0000036586812,0.34604996,0.0018630192,0.00039467376,0.00012148896,0.0013208645,0.109981,0.47184935,0.036829285,0.028304351,0.0020368397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.036671277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0619174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3028631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012522764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052962755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993331},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2695572162","doi":"10.3168/jds.2017-12774","title":"Effect of skim milk treated with high hydrostatic pressure on permeate flux and fouling during ultrafiltration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation","keywords":"Chemistry; Skimmed milk; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Rennet; Permeation; Hydrostatic pressure; Chromatography; Whey protein; Food science; Casein; Membrane; Biochemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.007067344979436892,"score_gpt":0.24493088011981132,"score_spread":0.23786353514037442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2695572162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987856,0.00001694266,0.00003655368,0.00012143699,0.00004762925,0.00012598876,0.0000017964667,0.0000118253865,0.00085223466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99920285,0.000014246104,0.00057690835,0.0000071433487,0.000011311788,0.000001312359,1.9364694e-7,0.0000042982465,0.0001817379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988328,0.000039329956,0.00022466012,0.00018141708,0.0005626926,0.00015907091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900866,0.00007822986,0.00053025794,0.00029110414,0.000023933235,0.000067832945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073877897,0.00010189571,0.00018055413,0.00009271118,0.00044220136,0.0001048543,0.00047868976,0.00003307686,0.00004723639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039579984,0.0000646425,0.000023521428,0.0001440336,0.0009682595,0.0010677906,0.000062862695,0.0001332984,0.0000056965364],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021259532,0.0000243425,0.08027561,0.00003766458,0.000009565829,0.000019243478,0.00027846647,0.009164519,0.90742844,0.000017900786,0.000017588842,0.002514086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000589496,0.0011379613,0.2748471,0.0000826719,0.000023000404,0.00006428448,0.000029247953,0.0010637393,0.72206146,0.00003067892,0.000009326246,0.000061061706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003265105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007004193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1945715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004025821,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019409494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35675925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2717155689","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.20391","title":"An experimental system for characterization of membrane fouling of solar photovoltaic reverse osmosis systems under intermittent operation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Process engineering; Photovoltaic system; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Reverse osmosis plant; Modular design; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.02861554452853148,"score_gpt":0.2775183691053696,"score_spread":0.2489028245768381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2717155689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943391,0.00000952949,0.004569067,0.00007973935,0.00013912721,0.0007345054,0.000026793248,0.00003791086,0.000064227745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989739,0.00001914038,0.00050260744,0.000009447649,0.000012654337,0.00016186787,0.00016079316,0.000010473672,0.0001490895],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992208,0.000038630253,0.00029038487,0.00021457263,0.00013491283,0.00010069798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942344,0.00000830436,0.00021568158,0.0002927688,0.000027866756,0.000031925225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015836519,0.000116768846,0.00018689122,0.000049601334,0.0002076375,0.000066548695,0.00010976773,0.000067348476,0.000025074236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005388916,0.000083200044,0.000037582045,0.000016931,0.000088727356,0.0005378921,0.000037549216,0.00001565272,0.0000058622754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044958248,0.00013933246,0.0015667944,0.00005546757,0.000020536068,4.2526813e-7,0.0007240611,0.00053497776,0.9956801,0.00030951708,0.0000015555044,0.0009222904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088893966,0.00036731365,0.0035277847,0.000034468318,0.00003101476,0.0000030105457,0.00076349295,0.021458043,0.9727367,0.000008079194,0.000096216994,0.000084944506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030283057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010536432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02294339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001830675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004231138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33927995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2720351797","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.20735","title":"Structure and properties of membrane at different ages in drinking water treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Porosity; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane permeability; Membrane structure; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02447789663678338,"score_gpt":0.2394780584384923,"score_spread":0.21500016180170892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2720351797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99847364,0.00006281593,0.0000019504882,0.0009572465,0.000031071602,0.00029843804,0.0000040589243,0.000024294399,0.00014648499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982592,0.00025602707,0.000085111395,0.00001579291,0.0000055690557,0.000038906583,0.000023397857,0.0000072342045,0.0013087749],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931556,0.000025282674,0.00015998504,0.00023363711,0.00010945861,0.00015608477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996775,0.0000052464907,0.00004856775,0.00023353458,0.0000046101172,0.000030572923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003554153,0.0001560926,0.00017950333,0.00004802402,0.00020299834,0.000052479045,0.000071294475,0.00006066107,0.00014929961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038728986,0.00007084893,0.000021039143,0.000009223887,0.00018425201,0.00023708398,0.00013394053,0.00002113796,0.000010261654],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045545545,0.00011618628,0.09862987,0.000017088209,0.000026814525,0.0000068236177,0.0035088477,0.000072769064,0.88436323,0.0000776091,0.0000021000626,0.013133133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009674573,0.00018568971,0.06826396,0.0000133986305,0.000017194263,0.000004826846,0.000048011363,0.00017263825,0.92956537,0.000238907,0.00043276072,0.000089803114],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004637264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008585021,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04520214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021944795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.420219e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28891355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2724575157","doi":"10.1039/c7nr00378a","title":"Graphene oxide-stabilized perfluorocarbon emulsions for controlled oxygen delivery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Oxygen; Materials science; Oxygen delivery; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.019038928434663094,"score_gpt":0.26243556635746046,"score_spread":0.24339663792279737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2724575157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98559195,0.00008025426,0.0005032727,0.000929297,0.00018570771,0.0010148172,0.00001596481,0.00018552525,0.011493221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99259996,0.000053264466,0.0038761918,0.00012898119,0.000021154161,0.0002966653,0.0000057383854,0.000016850465,0.003001203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881965,0.000029545197,0.0002535306,0.00036315038,0.0002343822,0.0002997652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987438,0.00012969221,0.00018463888,0.00084700005,0.000018209303,0.00007671249],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002377792,0.00015497099,0.00029869715,0.00003772968,0.00069934694,0.000079459845,0.00064294325,0.00014357553,0.00071141485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00059067406,0.00012887246,0.00017194379,0.00005537307,0.00032638558,0.0002501279,0.00024644795,0.00008612315,0.00022964724],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004475596,0.00012221673,0.013688674,0.000009610798,0.000026726017,0.000002427166,0.00010604447,0.00009779035,0.9731566,0.00056618964,0.0063308105,0.0054453937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.021848306,0.00046847932,0.13276747,0.000035471545,0.0001532801,0.000006700478,0.00037242036,0.011065701,0.7626594,0.012750277,0.05689187,0.0009806671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002207176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002951592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21049719,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063593616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010370369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7789493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2725396710","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2017.06.090","title":"Physicochemical correlations between membrane surface hydrophilicity and adhesive fouling in membrane bioreactors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Adhesive; Membrane fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Adhesion; Membrane bioreactor; Chromatography; Surface energy; Organic chemistry; Layer (electronics); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018768016880992056,"score_gpt":0.28785880122873964,"score_spread":0.2690907843477476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2725396710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972421,0.00006415573,0.00011959988,0.000831198,0.00011884796,0.0001141645,0.0000032299263,0.000010938143,0.0014957706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888855,0.000119938035,0.0008503188,0.000020032934,0.000025646079,6.281292e-7,1.5033324e-7,0.000005132385,0.00008958815],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986899,0.000025164118,0.0003657245,0.0002614481,0.0004236849,0.00023407175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989694,0.00012550534,0.00046898058,0.00025758377,0.000039179045,0.00013939574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007872928,0.00013107918,0.0002749868,0.00009992026,0.00040175006,0.00020265517,0.00066555344,0.000071251314,0.000047360976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006771911,0.000107113636,0.00003502374,0.00025444827,0.0018367489,0.0014723728,0.000386386,0.0003148817,0.000009771705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016797836,0.000021362119,0.058646265,0.000005134948,0.000004675074,0.0000010910154,0.00037130868,0.00068397983,0.9397338,0.00003044476,0.000032419903,0.00045270484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041894137,0.00013283978,0.08934544,0.000067235684,0.000012654016,0.000027499736,0.00027233234,0.0024527698,0.9065465,0.00041065534,0.00017710381,0.0001360785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010088882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028707384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033187367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011202942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045447785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67675775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2725505562","doi":"10.3390/membranes7030034","title":"Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter Removal—Contribution of Fouling and Concentration Polarization to Filtration Resistance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Concentration polarization; Humic acid; Organic matter; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Natural organic matter; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008956233377134285,"score_gpt":0.23937808247540804,"score_spread":0.23042184909827376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2725505562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98415667,0.00025883853,0.010765443,0.0026412797,0.0002044603,0.0011463407,0.000018888322,0.000081569975,0.0007265068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942713,0.00012455408,0.004337416,0.00014870462,0.000055666937,0.000054783723,0.000115215036,0.000018265893,0.00087413104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985733,0.000056996436,0.00042320663,0.00045227198,0.00026733332,0.00022691456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989554,0.00011173934,0.0004026275,0.00038273053,0.00008526543,0.0000622181],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039375885,0.00019823245,0.00024031021,0.00005907296,0.00065896416,0.00022369601,0.00019777172,0.00015240464,0.00013267875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062554964,0.00019262497,0.000034654204,0.00012543408,0.0002290652,0.0012792508,0.000051331554,0.00007781557,0.00001839245],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012796081,0.000017538337,0.011707267,0.00014855701,0.0000098013315,5.856296e-7,0.00033941292,0.000102751175,0.98503643,0.001148683,0.00016402145,0.0011969815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008038539,0.000079733334,0.07910012,0.000063152635,0.00004317198,0.000016497164,0.00009089577,0.0032538061,0.91300845,0.001104302,0.0021552127,0.00028081718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062050116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006472613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.072027996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059480073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019124605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78550184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735447880","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.059","title":"Thermophilic membrane bioreactors: A review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Mesophile; Thermophile; Membrane bioreactor; Industrial wastewater treatment; Wastewater; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Sewage treatment; Biochemical engineering; Biodegradation; Membrane reactor; Waste management; Membrane; Anaerobic exercise; Biotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Biology; Engineering; Bacteria; Ecology; Biochemistry; Botany; Methane; Enzyme","score_opus":0.08397356909183724,"score_gpt":0.35887125559977007,"score_spread":0.27489768650793284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735447880","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000010950753,0.98074687,0.00000461785,0.0008903766,0.00013918335,0.0018824544,0.00003714908,0.0017689153,0.014519501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001404655,0.99656814,0.00028133532,0.00015978666,0.00006166563,0.00058951706,0.0000622848,0.000121212484,0.002142017],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99636495,0.00013728737,0.0010195421,0.0012701114,0.00044809227,0.00075999857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943019,0.00009731823,0.0013849137,0.0040849997,0.000014956394,0.00011588981],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005204158,0.0009066625,0.0028257724,0.00056270196,0.00032020692,0.00005949408,0.004211734,0.00181478,0.0032234301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009514458,0.0006826311,0.00062662305,0.0011184568,0.0018649867,0.00012407091,0.001826504,0.0010976412,0.010175181],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.352897e-7,0.00003844337,0.000009125818,0.0070742387,0.00005368667,0.00003970233,0.0000043651144,5.0380695e-8,0.000022687147,0.00017977075,0.009421442,0.98315567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008397869,0.00006269413,0.0000023470523,0.01593905,0.00043909895,0.00021109909,0.0000050620674,7.517651e-7,0.00006529176,0.00019558115,0.98232204,0.0006730099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041033407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017287697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9824827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031686187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007045116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735824225","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2017.63433.1136","title":"Impact of Measuring Devices and Data Analysis on the Determination of Gas Membrane Properties","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lag; Chemistry; Solubility; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Accuracy and precision; Noise (video); Time lag; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biological system; Statistics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Chromatography; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.17308838553878145,"score_gpt":0.40487326980900923,"score_spread":0.23178488427022778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735824225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99793845,0.00010594001,0.000035241545,0.0007780737,0.000019060175,0.00012141881,0.0000027463109,0.000003128599,0.0009959097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992095,0.00032848673,0.00039124902,0.000009478624,0.00002016431,8.689445e-7,1.7501797e-7,0.0000029561793,0.000037070677],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99707997,0.00017170112,0.00035830244,0.0002398317,0.0019194217,0.0002307688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984645,0.0002669961,0.00028634293,0.00050373486,0.00039898913,0.00007942671],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01100161,0.00007801479,0.00022262323,0.0006140423,0.00033540482,0.00008137433,0.001215846,0.00003917637,0.00015020404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022739572,0.000038390255,0.00004168435,0.002224832,0.004327604,0.0008272131,0.00056976354,0.00021484926,0.0000036407998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010331239,0.000058505648,0.014425236,0.00003348136,0.00004586507,0.0000020193313,0.0008362453,0.00013672754,0.96776044,0.000038854167,0.000052228326,0.016507085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021088713,0.0009929576,0.09485285,0.00009090751,0.000055891833,0.00003019433,0.0010097431,0.017589834,0.88487816,0.00015688255,0.00005649848,0.00007521877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024458187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011516249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0828823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006249662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013772442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99838203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736138533","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.054","title":"Membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor: An unified approach to construct topography and to evaluate interaction energy between two randomly rough surfaces","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Fractal; Biological system; Bioreactor; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemistry; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.03196851244597841,"score_gpt":0.2971944373564531,"score_spread":0.2652259249104747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2736138533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99237686,0.000039655322,0.00059162255,0.0019089864,0.00010551179,0.0006986622,0.000014051788,0.0005529201,0.003711704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935311,0.000041417905,0.006005563,0.00011122923,0.000032161566,0.00014070228,0.00001742729,0.000036380356,0.0000839866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972914,0.00014659662,0.0005430563,0.0010343954,0.00035763046,0.00062692707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980604,0.00007674432,0.00029752633,0.0013354575,0.00002619507,0.00020366223],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074379385,0.00039122222,0.0006171003,0.0008988101,0.00040476894,0.00015844735,0.0012436276,0.0004153542,0.00007573219],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044600255,0.00036811785,0.00006589175,0.00090152485,0.0008798025,0.00041621292,0.0007971439,0.00036208285,0.00004530197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005893223,0.00019920057,0.25385004,0.000028917573,0.00008038906,0.000017644239,0.0009758883,0.0027298196,0.66917264,0.0025642868,0.00013594877,0.06965592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007350976,0.0008341015,0.10633227,0.00009655645,0.00011890813,0.00008074712,0.0027276906,0.005668396,0.8519238,0.0021347185,0.021064902,0.0016669374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029241818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015444349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18275116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012392277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014573544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998771},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737089050","doi":"10.1007/s13369-017-2690-0","title":"New Developments in Membrane Technologies Used in the Treatment of Produced Water: A Review","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Water treatment; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Ceramic membrane; Materials science; Flux (metallurgy); Ceramic; Permeation; Process engineering; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.08157535035951262,"score_gpt":0.33854128840417425,"score_spread":0.2569659380446616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737089050","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017623443,0.9963391,0.000029380253,0.00040383384,0.00015225528,0.0012121915,0.000001315388,0.000029147399,0.000070452064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009981035,0.9973139,0.0015147614,0.00000540775,0.0000087061735,0.00009731798,0.0000010897583,0.0000087475655,0.0000519494],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849576,0.000016270942,0.0005134143,0.00029445786,0.00032415558,0.00035594578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999327,0.000049481572,0.0001939899,0.0003795695,0.000011139666,0.000038786366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015281627,0.00021831639,0.000703231,0.00030953472,0.0001497127,0.0000864079,0.001062289,0.00008266024,0.0000063718485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003911031,0.00011259999,0.000082975705,0.0005198804,0.00018250839,0.00034952245,0.00008426569,0.00017889476,0.000006046852],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.675411e-7,0.000016138754,0.000040995863,0.001593191,0.00000543074,0.000007895618,0.00029565362,0.000038845745,0.0002062861,0.000015611357,0.00002886601,0.99775034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024454182,0.0001522459,0.000080528545,0.011092753,0.000047412344,0.00017061968,0.000066499095,0.0000378334,0.0021074791,0.00006099187,0.98569554,0.00024354104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001523635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020861951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9975068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026906864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000120524724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45916945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2740696238","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.160","title":"Effects of fractal roughness of membrane surfaces on interfacial interactions associated with membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Fractal; Membrane; Surface roughness; Materials science; Surface finish; Adhesion; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Fractal dimension; Membrane bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Particle (ecology); Composite material; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012359995076991443,"score_gpt":0.25576389148587764,"score_spread":0.24340389640888618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2740696238","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99650425,0.000029709123,0.000058367103,0.0007100048,0.00013451745,0.0005999201,0.000021621334,0.00030367615,0.0016379341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991976,0.00002869114,0.0004957724,0.000020418776,0.00001117678,0.00005817646,0.000008103581,0.00003743871,0.000142615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978234,0.00008513304,0.00060875516,0.0005893279,0.00043247445,0.0004608964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975103,0.0004014164,0.0009944475,0.0009991324,0.000038806855,0.000055864395],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031300547,0.00035578027,0.000726188,0.0005790223,0.00019250171,0.00003119702,0.0012950418,0.00048889493,0.000211751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017702122,0.0003017763,0.000093688315,0.0006743504,0.0017655093,0.00030179342,0.00049780274,0.00057059544,0.000046144683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003592394,0.0005999956,0.059747178,0.000088408764,0.00008327943,0.000043330576,0.00038587532,0.0007296004,0.93276083,0.00027486501,0.000020777085,0.0049066017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015462828,0.00053623517,0.06277688,0.0003423671,0.00004172379,0.00000948711,0.0003134723,0.00059222523,0.9330216,0.000096810756,0.00042831126,0.00029461543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006491156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013114295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004611986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017663387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024625142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741402658","doi":"10.1109/tia.2017.2732939","title":"Real-Time Emulation of a Pressure-Retarded Osmotic Power Generation System","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Power station; Electric power system; Electricity generation; Engineering; Computer science; Power (physics); Control engineering; Forward osmosis; Electrical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.024521657032151013,"score_gpt":0.26715367638945275,"score_spread":0.24263201935730175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2741402658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.55198824,0.000006992063,0.40045342,0.00078925287,0.00027583019,0.00212384,0.00016826163,0.0006487998,0.043545336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99476653,0.0000065230984,0.0017634844,0.000011020932,0.000029804189,0.00048443553,0.000009451641,0.000019012305,0.0029097155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872375,0.00004673932,0.00036959467,0.00037204873,0.00031213296,0.00017574383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821657,0.000039110888,0.00034461578,0.0012916842,0.000036683217,0.00007134267],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001732956,0.00016163639,0.00018512076,0.00007999895,0.00078356534,0.000064551976,0.00047129605,0.00039731202,0.0013944794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010277607,0.0001674563,0.00007622991,0.00017572436,0.00027381605,0.0003476164,0.000006298393,0.0003311581,0.0007042402],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033175344,0.00043166353,0.000580695,0.00004114039,0.00009972426,0.0000010853296,0.00023833862,0.27628922,0.70900923,0.002771711,0.0017331034,0.00877091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009096915,0.00018603132,0.014577243,0.00006452555,0.00027282763,0.000019855708,0.00024302727,0.088037424,0.889369,0.0002892253,0.0054149316,0.00061618426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021942618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027403641,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4427783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012109937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023910243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744274010","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2017.06.02.4","title":"Nanoporous Polyether Sulfone Membrane, Preparation and Characterization: Effect of Porosity and Mean Pore Size on Performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoporous; Porosity; Sulfone; Characterization (materials science); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Engineering","score_opus":0.006824747011808758,"score_gpt":0.2555149854497997,"score_spread":0.24869023843799096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744274010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972139,0.00010603789,0.0000538203,0.0013771349,0.00009876535,0.00028977613,0.000004810068,0.000043961663,0.000811807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795026,0.0012507008,0.00031086514,0.00006217126,0.000028786948,0.000007218111,0.0000044149533,0.0000120509885,0.00037351414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986725,0.000069740534,0.0005273198,0.00027025602,0.00029013536,0.00017008503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835646,0.00010302036,0.0010363946,0.00039190977,0.00004885891,0.000063325264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006586598,0.00020669021,0.00046415842,0.00017597615,0.00036117894,0.00006688925,0.00026034456,0.00029350354,0.00007996866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028592083,0.00016376069,0.00003646048,0.00012905271,0.0006697764,0.0007355215,0.00014636257,0.00024689073,0.000005450267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064199796,0.00005872985,0.0406888,0.00009674751,0.00003843846,0.000012618158,0.00039406956,0.000046921814,0.93327427,0.00041868145,0.00005408882,0.024274625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001461512,0.0024034067,0.0774587,0.00006503493,0.00005641247,0.00036038764,0.000059722694,0.0006942611,0.9162955,0.00020538576,0.0007536665,0.00018600488],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013221788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019642252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036769904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031401716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014309883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66779673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2750264241","doi":"10.3168/jds.2017-13015","title":"Process efficiency of casein separation from milk using polymeric spiral-wound microfiltration membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Novalait; Université Laval","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Casein; Process (computing); Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Separation process; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Food science; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.030094358931065875,"score_gpt":0.3218485437375319,"score_spread":0.29175418480646603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2750264241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958653,0.00012310092,0.0023357463,0.00018344387,0.00034803222,0.0001229347,0.0000054008347,0.000013372017,0.0010027123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962934,0.000016964828,0.0035520997,0.0000346097,0.000049645012,8.0726664e-7,6.0381046e-7,0.000005566826,0.000046265606],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980197,0.000032161282,0.00055861444,0.0002580852,0.0009007322,0.00023069493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978317,0.000040334482,0.0014873846,0.00046913486,0.00008714672,0.00008430614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080023904,0.00012896476,0.00022809952,0.00016267509,0.0006519747,0.00016948947,0.0013000667,0.000064442684,0.00019380594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049892144,0.00010629999,0.000064428605,0.00044291443,0.0015543125,0.0027101117,0.00013649045,0.00014425206,0.000018530534],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002366202,0.00005095358,0.016352467,0.000009031505,0.000003289022,0.000008237475,0.0005488381,0.0036770634,0.97798383,0.000010463428,0.00003233604,0.0012998027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002922276,0.00014968278,0.036907844,0.00003910065,0.000019015522,0.000073158764,0.00038821177,0.006913235,0.95461524,0.0004237559,0.000051111692,0.00012742437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037861234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003641236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023368621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011966051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018749734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57269293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751243870","doi":"10.1039/c7ra08038g","title":"Probing the application of a zirconium coagulant in a coagulation–ultrafiltration process: observations on organics removal and membrane fouling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Turbidity; Membrane; Zirconium; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.028866030562265055,"score_gpt":0.28846495667846905,"score_spread":0.259598926116204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751243870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908315,0.00007640643,0.005948007,0.0011549896,0.000034403532,0.0005578114,0.0000033050521,0.00004942743,0.0013441303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965865,0.00010635252,0.0031325258,0.00004374288,0.0000130996905,0.0000656126,0.0000067320993,0.0000068647605,0.000038569284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919856,0.000022059832,0.00023802859,0.00022619606,0.0002036952,0.00011145477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920857,0.0000892282,0.00030862997,0.00036069052,0.000017223658,0.00001566296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024835241,0.000089543435,0.00011666646,0.000029305182,0.00033131838,0.000043598746,0.00026934125,0.000050482406,0.000012732902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029428388,0.00006783102,0.000013096085,0.00014238553,0.00024095036,0.00060555496,0.00004744028,0.00009439702,0.000007624915],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007877943,0.00014132589,0.10505901,0.0001389602,0.000010792223,0.0000023118814,0.0027531758,0.08216761,0.7352596,0.020326575,0.000015189577,0.05404668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009667461,0.00015951764,0.2255795,0.00015132326,0.000026477943,0.000023458177,0.0019003592,0.12951222,0.6122856,0.025634231,0.003350612,0.0004099203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006501653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005961477,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12297394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003787765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012963953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27660686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751443620","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.064","title":"Characterization of UF foulants and fouling mechanisms when applying low in-line coagulant pre-treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Canadian Water Network","keywords":"Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Adsorption; Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Membrane; Chromatography; Humic acid; Organic matter; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Fluorescence; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.08295359205671296,"score_gpt":0.351561133788315,"score_spread":0.26860754173160206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751443620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978546,0.000004070297,0.0007901081,0.00035639055,0.000025747142,0.0005785836,0.0000046872724,0.000021389918,0.00036443814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825245,0.00007097264,0.0007039054,0.000005600012,0.000009232954,0.00010247055,0.000016879092,0.000008532764,0.0008299268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988895,0.000057887162,0.00016798753,0.00025342623,0.00034518278,0.00028599176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946773,0.000011748969,0.000049643542,0.00042044677,0.000012305291,0.000038099017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063072523,0.000079721714,0.00013443072,0.00008791661,0.00022781923,0.00007832445,0.00028610494,0.00006622139,0.0002142593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048552432,0.000054449825,0.000013043711,0.00003638,0.00020639505,0.00023121094,0.00046589263,0.00009464942,0.00008240756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028800101,0.0000444727,0.014384664,0.000019639363,0.0000039498027,0.000008638272,0.0007496563,0.000044933848,0.9746226,0.00006950853,0.0000021300775,0.010020975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033162197,0.00012184312,0.031031704,0.000032383643,0.0000016487422,0.0000023169264,0.000049315433,0.004208513,0.9608294,0.0031552515,0.00017061475,0.00006541873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076808524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021977768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01664704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008615111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005440375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2345989},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751781957","doi":"10.3390/membranes7030050","title":"The Effect of Concentration Factor on Membrane Fouling","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Mass transfer; Raw water; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.015043352097179654,"score_gpt":0.27038310182211955,"score_spread":0.2553397497249399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751781957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803376,0.00003979483,0.000020948239,0.0007823626,0.0002677195,0.00031742532,0.0000034383631,0.00007776631,0.018152913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907273,0.000083157654,0.000034972138,0.000027875207,0.00002747546,0.00002084442,0.0000016142608,0.000009354777,0.0007219871],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999007,0.000070596485,0.00019678308,0.00020787508,0.0003208389,0.00019689206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985869,0.00036446747,0.00024041964,0.0007699207,0.0000061436663,0.000032171978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032011335,0.00013178031,0.000164162,0.00001149557,0.00072006165,0.000100919184,0.00065228983,0.00007347332,0.00039842763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006623342,0.00007845546,0.00006209168,0.000043808323,0.00048888475,0.00021547778,0.00011049197,0.000105203755,0.00028560124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035641226,0.00003336509,0.06357646,0.000108837565,0.000039789604,0.0000072804146,0.00032554043,0.0026369,0.8468363,0.0009865036,0.00066151074,0.08443109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003849482,0.00021085142,0.020149024,0.000014635778,0.000007907945,0.0000014298106,0.000016695813,0.00083457906,0.9734202,0.00009230636,0.0047742603,0.000093139584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007881515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051817737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12658392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031655036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040523814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5538205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2751975617","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23014","title":"Simulation and control of membrane reactors for catalytic reduction of dissolved oxygen from water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Setpoint; Steady state (chemistry); Hydrogen; Volumetric flow rate; Controller (irrigation); Membrane reactor; Chemistry; Membrane; Petrochemical; Process engineering; Environmental science; Control theory (sociology); Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01204392051746651,"score_gpt":0.21435098317623175,"score_spread":0.20230706265876525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2751975617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983606,0.000023270723,0.0010642426,0.00038857167,0.000059748567,0.00007338415,0.000009238198,0.0000027392337,0.00001822707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996862,7.202047e-7,0.0002680294,0.000002796623,0.0000279688,9.2597975e-7,0.0000018291765,0.0000052468813,0.0000063000566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995932,0.0000031864133,0.00018780759,0.000048259055,0.00007740721,0.00009011854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995602,0.00006668426,0.00014298281,0.00014369815,0.000017480766,0.000069002686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014598377,0.000049424456,0.0001248659,0.000026923855,0.000041574636,0.000013868586,0.00018720153,0.00004508033,0.0000262312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035725054,0.000032724656,0.000032841795,0.000014705869,0.00012627986,0.00012376659,0.000012001553,0.00006857946,4.623962e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013881945,0.0000014777805,0.00022523265,0.000008071011,0.000015233757,3.4073247e-7,0.00018721833,0.07387391,0.9253837,0.000011928396,0.0000055692403,0.00027347874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026949283,0.00001504988,0.0013638168,0.00001967505,0.000026420104,0.0000029612004,0.000011206388,0.040338863,0.9576181,0.00022545237,0.00006914404,0.000039818646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018140689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011776115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033535045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056501696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013181394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27423415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752796308","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.032","title":"Performance of a novel hybrid membrane bioreactor for treating saline wastewater from mariculture: Assessment of pollutants removal and membrane filtration performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Harbin Institute of Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane bioreactor; Anoxic waters; Chemistry; Mariculture; Pulp and paper industry; Pollutant; Bioreactor; Biofilter; Denitrification; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Biomass (ecology); Hydraulic retention time; Chromatography; Nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Aquaculture; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology","score_opus":0.013010362603461634,"score_gpt":0.23565998541256528,"score_spread":0.22264962280910364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752796308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997087,0.00001816464,0.0023797334,0.000082986575,0.0000906618,0.00012814438,0.000050256145,0.000024550229,0.00013850382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9289216,0.00006963247,0.07087869,0.000004004348,0.00006456283,0.0000057977704,0.000010647056,0.000013035121,0.000032033895],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989835,0.0000039309307,0.00039421636,0.00017820176,0.0002483603,0.000191788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926966,0.00005304165,0.00034983802,0.00023610555,0.00002367452,0.0000677005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020478536,0.00015469696,0.00026360343,0.000037203677,0.000111976864,0.000043068252,0.00029048193,0.00007955643,0.00008386574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017624946,0.0001214603,0.000055205335,0.00004444858,0.00011804412,0.0004044812,0.00010187729,0.00018862495,6.192513e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038824437,0.0000391387,0.0015936906,0.000076936914,0.000021722177,0.0000011478244,0.00004306039,0.0043537,0.9906658,0.0000052712185,0.000010128059,0.003150557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064115605,0.000059648417,0.009626502,0.00009134124,0.000019014344,0.000071246846,0.000009295121,0.2934753,0.6958818,0.0000018285526,0.000025285151,0.000097580334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010944569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.297953e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.294784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006643944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001236145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49530074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752847235","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23010","title":"Ethanol:water blends separation using ultrafiltration membranes of poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) partial sodium salt and polyacrylamide","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ethanol; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyacrylamide; Acrylamide; Chemistry; Acrylic acid; Selectivity; Chromatography; Sodium; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Catalysis; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01571824366102619,"score_gpt":0.24265267190338616,"score_spread":0.22693442824235996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752847235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99791336,0.00019121094,0.0005692534,0.00088568655,0.00014906244,0.00007908526,0.0000042958513,0.0000151214845,0.00019293441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924767,0.000008806024,0.0005741779,0.000028748691,0.00010348045,0.0000017336711,0.000001968538,0.000015433918,0.000017965913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989269,0.000019243167,0.00038191697,0.00012677193,0.00024262378,0.0003025781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992143,0.000034914592,0.00024175268,0.0002947902,0.00002497872,0.0001892671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003818253,0.00014712028,0.0002144978,0.000088054956,0.0002203414,0.000116989235,0.00044011153,0.00012704427,0.00012662553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023504585,0.0001068693,0.000062550265,0.000058327463,0.00035689375,0.00046143983,0.000037323254,0.00026744386,0.0000062741633],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011767403,0.0000028314532,0.0006015645,0.000016571721,0.000016846983,0.0000066577895,0.00039655378,0.0047137276,0.9934885,0.00009851755,0.000020324756,0.0006261647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002058135,0.000025296169,0.00044466456,0.00002977715,0.000027682083,0.00011614878,0.000020200752,0.009401881,0.9891989,0.00018820677,0.00021708613,0.00012434005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019087396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005180639,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004688154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013900723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000828118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43580037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755381502","doi":"10.1002/aic.15970","title":"A multicontinuum approach for the problem of filtration of oily‐water systems across thin flat membranes: II. Validation and examples","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Mechanics; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Statistics; Composite material","score_opus":0.038281680895028994,"score_gpt":0.2813927121814756,"score_spread":0.24311103128644662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2755381502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98870426,0.000088041066,0.009818459,0.00024524587,0.000060448227,0.0005181383,0.000008310733,0.00001378565,0.000543306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916059,0.00009241719,0.007801818,0.000006714722,0.00003250604,0.000034553028,0.0000043081727,0.000007068226,0.00041472793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991103,0.00004563181,0.00034463443,0.00012409162,0.00022213881,0.00015322397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908894,0.00008603548,0.00047642778,0.00028891803,0.000035696237,0.000023989956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012448876,0.00008655766,0.00015763067,0.000017931348,0.0006760932,0.00013814433,0.0003673451,0.00007910344,0.000032139254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011837554,0.000047892383,0.00004415561,0.000024057794,0.00028991542,0.00047180898,0.00014560467,0.00010920543,0.0000018197401],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000785699,0.000076366225,0.010646816,0.00025820703,0.00006310882,3.2927375e-7,0.008760777,0.012264512,0.9602167,0.0001896359,0.0005028912,0.0069420896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010321091,0.00015713212,0.007379175,0.000050050585,0.000047120746,0.000054731583,0.002774398,0.029418824,0.956859,0.0006177607,0.0014818336,0.0001278556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018665059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034924702,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017154314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002012413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061650994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5200031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2756847450","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2017.09.013","title":"Experimental quantification of the effect of intermittent operation on membrane performance of solar powered reverse osmosis desalination systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Renewable energy; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01843527878469794,"score_gpt":0.27307057889084196,"score_spread":0.25463530010614405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2756847450","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99729836,0.000019399497,0.00041350548,0.00011264775,0.00032753256,0.0007068319,0.000008897018,0.000024264336,0.0010885671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964887,0.000016328073,0.00012407951,0.0000051094394,0.0000089680225,0.000048730526,0.000018976356,0.000010247429,0.00011868283],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857056,0.00017375221,0.0004671771,0.00021377901,0.00047963424,0.00009506649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982329,0.000062965824,0.0009306162,0.00070531416,0.000051660667,0.000016517313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007823184,0.00012491632,0.00020913332,0.00007462005,0.0001977846,0.000027704733,0.00046179586,0.00010815944,0.000045909834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034034924,0.000092859,0.00007175398,0.00011354221,0.0002753605,0.00046632797,0.00010531934,0.0000781822,0.000019938978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012952393,0.000088513756,0.019166855,0.00011450189,0.000011991828,9.2132275e-8,0.0002988878,0.007859649,0.9682766,0.0008453413,0.00004803697,0.0031599693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044284953,0.00047638646,0.080311656,0.00010227352,0.000018121678,0.0000010289585,0.00009015192,0.027773386,0.8906744,0.0000061722667,0.00003060965,0.00007294446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018728708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009011442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07760222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013690887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008292268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.378668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763476717","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.027","title":"Fabrication of cellulose acetate nanocomposite membranes using 2D layered nanomaterials for macromolecular separation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Nanomaterials; Macromolecule; Cellulose acetate; Fabrication; Cellulose; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03953260980733536,"score_gpt":0.3268893807530635,"score_spread":0.28735677094572815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2763476717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738348,0.00008945923,0.02440755,0.00043324762,0.0005614151,0.00025547063,0.00004200269,0.000019561645,0.0003564685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98147184,0.000109993234,0.018183528,0.000060343933,0.000094298564,0.000008692484,0.000018186183,0.000010568184,0.00004254577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840474,0.00009616938,0.0007218658,0.00022645916,0.00037874663,0.00017199956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977488,0.000089678026,0.0015977332,0.0002615278,0.00024814968,0.00005413084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004809645,0.00016567983,0.00031968713,0.00009290043,0.00014350317,0.00014065752,0.0011757513,0.00014078798,0.00024424697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062909356,0.00012764698,0.00019826303,0.00004792164,0.00035913743,0.00035181106,0.00026985363,0.00007463974,0.000017101327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027280048,0.00008821197,0.002398261,0.000009877534,0.000076661716,0.00002755193,0.00005514178,0.0008281596,0.9931042,0.00043722498,0.000072274976,0.0026296165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007094228,0.00024079467,0.006103846,0.00003486704,0.000024862424,0.000120989076,0.000024897618,0.0014432174,0.98655474,0.0034447196,0.0011501398,0.00014752425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041321593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00763702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090673966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021218946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52052927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765125121","doi":"10.1039/c7nj03193a","title":"Tailored PVDF nanocomposite membranes using exfoliated MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets for improved permeation and antifouling performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Molybdenum disulfide; Chemistry; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Permeation; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Molybdenum; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science","score_opus":0.017258256742682287,"score_gpt":0.2500447521197249,"score_spread":0.2327864953770426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765125121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99820125,0.00010376706,0.000885747,0.0002639268,0.00010120275,0.00013163459,0.0000023094653,0.000023658664,0.0002865023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99573237,0.00022756435,0.0037631793,0.000025611822,0.00010640139,0.0000017595362,0.0000026921668,0.000014899123,0.00012550871],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990486,0.000007842979,0.00035858303,0.0001883591,0.00019170823,0.00020490839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988285,0.000026104231,0.00073651125,0.00026339482,0.00004549588,0.00010004514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021794612,0.00015229118,0.00022424229,0.000025005747,0.0004197772,0.00014485783,0.00036779654,0.00013929245,0.000042347085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016433913,0.00013884397,0.000068376314,0.00004059446,0.00017530996,0.00070304144,0.00011081713,0.0001580668,0.0000027403803],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089015055,0.000014617964,0.0025310686,0.00006791176,0.000015478667,0.000002210206,0.00007443748,0.0010967682,0.9866766,2.5072438e-7,0.00010339624,0.009328265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009571865,0.00004191323,0.0037059465,0.00008672837,0.000035715002,0.0001209401,0.000034428456,0.023082113,0.97148776,0.000066476,0.00023148753,0.0001493183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011333706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024394117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021985345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089919864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004461201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5661892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765376552","doi":"10.5539/ep.v7n1p1","title":"Treatment of Wastewater from Bean Sprout Production for Reuse","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environment and Pollution","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Wastewater; Reuse; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater reuse; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.02266457954974497,"score_gpt":0.2405855447586488,"score_spread":0.21792096520890383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765376552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996768,0.000057176756,0.00017396425,0.002097737,0.000096523574,0.00037165394,0.000022871973,0.000019646714,0.00039240177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99461824,0.00028075822,0.0026705496,0.0000056256104,0.0000471961,0.000041942538,0.00001811609,0.000005727406,0.002311848],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947363,0.000010565451,0.00011432562,0.00021625865,0.0000886895,0.00009654591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929446,0.0000051827437,0.00012203071,0.0005554031,6.781239e-7,0.000022267837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004941374,0.00008320886,0.00009245049,0.000013454359,0.0002114003,0.000015982401,0.00011774386,0.000050554994,0.00024106717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027658922,0.00006643682,0.000028189004,0.000006742779,0.00022086034,0.00018213915,0.00008207853,0.000015200672,0.000057173922],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013870494,0.00020418849,0.06567366,0.000008019702,0.000030354895,6.478891e-7,0.001192097,0.00037639032,0.8227318,0.000118995646,0.000928249,0.10859691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006249449,0.00036235715,0.23465642,0.0000049725477,0.00003482201,9.764212e-7,0.00007746171,0.00030960527,0.71997255,0.0020780254,0.04175313,0.00012470564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020247187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020038355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16898277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000827069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011637383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2709215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765397048","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/aa9773","title":"Enhanced water transport and salt rejection through hydrophobic zeolite pores","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Desalination; Zeolite; Water transport; Reverse osmosis; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Salt (chemistry); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Water flow; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Catalysis","score_opus":0.011326652883070897,"score_gpt":0.24744390579591202,"score_spread":0.23611725291284114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765397048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881442,0.000040540766,0.0016426255,0.0028558136,0.00016410218,0.00020258604,0.0000020747168,0.00050588965,0.006442129],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99720114,0.00022778375,0.0011224848,0.0001225276,0.000013558385,0.000035712957,0.000004602611,0.000014714342,0.0012574557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988754,0.000013218793,0.00019881237,0.00044085583,0.00014051901,0.00033122418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990233,0.000009406703,0.00010330464,0.0008332776,0.0000063258053,0.00002436304],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011451704,0.00015345469,0.00018888291,0.000054956323,0.0004914458,0.000026623351,0.00047925246,0.0004171193,0.0005716382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005089053,0.00011813448,0.000033347715,0.000062075494,0.0011211347,0.00037398847,0.00024279152,0.00023027595,0.00045024225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020567633,0.000020282034,0.0029940344,0.000006560901,0.0000067709802,0.000012516733,0.00023140955,0.000023165008,0.98530954,0.0011124456,0.00013112648,0.010131556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029821426,0.000100521014,0.005371368,0.000005613008,0.00000849944,0.000027924629,0.0000392918,0.000051988343,0.96169794,0.01681116,0.015424433,0.00016303023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004230899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032026705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023611609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054511158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004033522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62590367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765519107","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.078","title":"Fixed-bed column studies of total organic carbon removal from industrial wastewater by use of diatomite decorated with polyethylenimine-functionalized pyroxene nanoparticles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Calgary","keywords":"Polyethylenimine; Mass transfer; Mass transfer coefficient; Adsorption; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Wastewater; Packed bed; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03567052000950305,"score_gpt":0.2705741754234746,"score_spread":0.23490365541397157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765519107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99901664,0.0002605486,0.000010333415,0.00025660332,0.00025595218,0.00012326262,0.0000139892,0.0000081596445,0.000054518478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987197,0.00009202537,0.0007803865,0.000010848905,0.000017665323,0.0000013231706,2.5152644e-7,0.0000062752847,0.00037153263],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984679,0.000045549798,0.00050266105,0.00021372811,0.00058678887,0.0001833788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983877,0.00011215476,0.0009710769,0.00027717612,0.00016712325,0.000084794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049824885,0.00013038992,0.00036550662,0.00008099437,0.00020083462,0.00011166908,0.00041883634,0.000063546686,0.00013651936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010298004,0.00008976513,0.000033830664,0.00026722273,0.0021275277,0.0010009055,0.00030831347,0.00014132616,0.0000016185313],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004552982,0.000046955964,0.01703322,0.0000031320865,0.000037796053,0.0000015147886,0.0002758187,0.00017393222,0.98128027,0.0000025278102,0.00046529892,0.00022426224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012139361,0.00068144395,0.0068737995,0.00008363461,0.00003589023,0.000026173659,0.0006107258,0.0004360806,0.98970395,0.000043797623,0.00018756263,0.00010298089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027933868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009683445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01015942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009317437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009877105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78389645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765897068","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.10.017","title":"Detection of crystallization fouling in a liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Fouling; Crystallization; Heat exchanger; Materials science; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Moisture; Chemical engineering; Desiccant; Dynamic scraped surface heat exchanger; Environmental science; Heat transfer; Chromatography; Composite material; Heat transfer coefficient; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01809827821517871,"score_gpt":0.26489957208429826,"score_spread":0.24680129386911956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765897068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932802,0.00006664491,0.0014870018,0.00010009478,0.00008683029,0.00011249227,7.4546705e-7,0.000029070376,0.004836972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991074,0.000016028745,0.0006638761,0.00008249459,0.00001192232,0.000025202613,3.0277457e-7,0.0000053603253,0.00008737941],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999032,0.000018719425,0.00016123676,0.0003066179,0.0002852019,0.00019619169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954814,0.000008533193,0.000082830666,0.00028843782,0.0000075532284,0.00006448019],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003025223,0.000093009214,0.00010274223,0.00009148099,0.00035296127,0.00004496118,0.00041085572,0.000033902703,0.00016431588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005167516,0.000083135055,0.000016393342,0.00021775933,0.00073304115,0.0006342159,0.00043413433,0.00003581563,0.0000133951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048489903,0.000031709114,0.00023648725,0.0000018548086,5.932398e-7,0.0000014173104,0.0007177774,0.00038075194,0.9944171,0.00025799632,0.0000014591405,0.0039044009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018559715,0.00020686719,0.008307636,0.000010813565,7.1158064e-7,0.0000024358228,0.00026854337,0.0036229035,0.9870882,0.000029925704,0.00017656283,0.00009981235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049394683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008725085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008071149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007753301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007825049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33901492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766867372","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2017.10.012","title":"A capillary flow model for filtration","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Minerals Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers","keywords":"Capillary action; Filtration (mathematics); Filter cake; Moisture; RADIUS; Kinetics; Chemistry; Slip (aerodynamics); Chromatography; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.02400194317606373,"score_gpt":0.24233637446453482,"score_spread":0.21833443128847108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766867372","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48784968,0.000031614876,0.50557107,0.0007411432,0.00016702103,0.00033587695,0.000011042057,0.00030300906,0.0049895137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92496693,0.000009649135,0.07086657,0.00003265547,0.00003401219,0.00007543067,0.000008274281,0.000012642278,0.00399383],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995549,0.0000012818996,0.00009062293,0.00013646497,0.00007784668,0.00013892999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995974,0.0000123942,0.000036844813,0.00032350016,0.0000047135795,0.000025169751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007522815,0.000076508506,0.00007242475,0.000017514309,0.0001253073,0.000053480813,0.00021698319,0.000047886617,0.000066161476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018745151,0.00007503355,0.000025337982,0.000021823871,0.000023336137,0.00025999974,0.000063095,0.000038255752,0.000039834937],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013191503,0.0000032429596,0.00008330446,0.0000060799644,0.0000017504582,3.9290794e-7,0.000039717623,0.70122415,0.2934988,0.00018751917,0.0042167576,0.0007369558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000106435335,0.000009403728,0.00038845796,0.000004037143,0.000002588704,0.000001243319,0.0000016663022,0.94513273,0.05056193,0.00013072825,0.0035685694,0.00009220699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019089011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002635622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43711725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027640259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027341903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30597794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768725641","doi":"10.1016/j.msec.2017.11.015","title":"Custom-made PEI/exfoliated-MoS 2 nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes for separation of bovine serum albumin and humic acid","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering C","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Central ElectroChemical Research Institute","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Bovine serum albumin; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chromatography; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009934493133643052,"score_gpt":0.2485605199629994,"score_spread":0.23862602682935635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2768725641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99853444,0.000032929263,0.0005406886,0.00021197407,0.00017721126,0.0002840831,0.000016476628,0.00006840279,0.00013377395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786437,0.00005758621,0.0019261229,0.000020245596,0.000020862919,0.00002779191,0.0000043542173,0.000007700593,0.00007099173],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991173,0.000006182411,0.00019944618,0.00026851599,0.00020094444,0.00020758325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952644,0.000017090882,0.00012632989,0.00025974505,0.000022637114,0.000047746507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005121207,0.00011841516,0.00016007583,0.00006575967,0.00035570105,0.00022641657,0.0002747979,0.000059226633,0.000039459603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017988446,0.00010705949,0.000011733725,0.000070350805,0.0004141881,0.001048856,0.00011070832,0.000028238845,0.000007714824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012203246,0.000006588671,0.00041359078,0.00009090255,0.0000018941819,2.745331e-7,0.0001550311,0.0005223345,0.99818397,0.00014174727,0.000028509134,0.00044298067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018826658,0.00008180057,0.022595422,0.00002276819,0.000008099818,0.0000075396006,0.000023998267,0.0050617107,0.9714992,0.00005753261,0.00033033153,0.00012333655],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000700219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008457306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02668475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032257944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013050727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43657595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2769427052","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.032","title":"Removal of PhACs and their impacts on membrane fouling in NF/RO membrane filtration of various matrices","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Lysis; Reverse osmosis; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020427947394705395,"score_gpt":0.28147968396776446,"score_spread":0.2610517365730591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2769427052","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99256647,0.00018160303,0.0001327278,0.0006889093,0.00025176583,0.00021197095,0.0000061115097,0.000014860606,0.0059455703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99617004,0.00079108024,0.002877447,0.000047739464,0.000035167443,0.0000013527282,3.7820095e-7,0.00001136745,0.000065398955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971036,0.00007878555,0.0009735666,0.00035895346,0.0011042181,0.000380924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99686754,0.00027322894,0.0019280771,0.0006751726,0.00010246468,0.00015350053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033677442,0.00023134517,0.0005677856,0.0004943326,0.00031141145,0.00012542757,0.0015280198,0.00012399071,0.00015317717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018783966,0.0001707842,0.00010015424,0.00064934534,0.0016885997,0.0018806465,0.0002657874,0.00035130559,0.0000075664047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016283341,0.0001227426,0.0017680556,0.000079197176,0.000009702127,0.000052044357,0.0008271521,0.005125855,0.9841505,0.0002881436,0.000013311112,0.007400409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010279849,0.000479392,0.023826798,0.00023871704,0.000017129898,0.00050734455,0.00038966848,0.0034822065,0.96915066,0.00058518484,0.000115245035,0.00017967026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023096685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011559576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022058744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012643961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014971952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6964378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770640845","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23092","title":"Synthesis and characterization of mixed matrix membranes incorporated with hydrous manganese oxide nanoparticles for highly concentrated oily solution treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Phase inversion; Materials science; Nanofiltration; Nanoparticle; Water treatment; Permeation; Cross-flow filtration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.010590221415677595,"score_gpt":0.19594059918844484,"score_spread":0.18535037777276725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770640845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990266,0.00003132353,0.00014873988,0.0006053787,0.000028188719,0.00013113723,0.0000111503,0.0000109174825,0.0000065451027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993427,0.0000072625476,0.0006004561,0.000004247324,0.000012500455,0.000009112757,0.0000024365215,0.000009315887,0.000011985244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949265,0.000010966467,0.00019029988,0.000072508774,0.00008760348,0.00014597786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941766,0.00006007208,0.0002476189,0.00013973819,0.000024538094,0.00011036882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014725514,0.000089308654,0.00015530178,0.00003405606,0.00011106522,0.00004772211,0.00017961988,0.000049414437,0.0000095666755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016252843,0.000059592097,0.000023844479,0.000053583215,0.00018787305,0.00017485926,0.000010942374,0.00004757007,8.784912e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045321463,0.0000053812,0.0008541841,0.000015467569,0.00002225485,0.000006374177,0.00006024655,0.0023267134,0.99606335,0.000033069362,0.0000037314173,0.0005638784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029269487,0.000054866756,0.004261176,0.000037823473,0.000038578135,0.000042593725,0.000007378692,0.007942832,0.98716104,0.00002436485,0.00006787902,0.0000687446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010286535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054930337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00890231,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014494492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049297825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24300952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2771243130","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5533","title":"Effect of organic loading rate on the performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) for malting wastewater treatment and biogas production","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Wastewater; Effluent; Mesophile; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Sewage treatment; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Nutrient; Anaerobic exercise; Hydraulic retention time; Bioenergy; Waste management; Fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Biofuel; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011403521267250014,"score_gpt":0.2455214470931283,"score_spread":0.23411792582587826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2771243130","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98956025,0.000087333865,0.000011114947,0.009605484,0.00013318862,0.00050382584,0.0000031604934,0.00007911773,0.000016529473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985904,0.0003760352,0.0009269242,0.000009539172,0.000024367275,0.00002758441,8.20684e-7,0.000018962448,0.0000253566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985531,0.000047470454,0.00062169065,0.00032328852,0.0001400718,0.0003144024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976657,0.00015962192,0.001317264,0.00078372296,0.000041443607,0.000032237163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008375581,0.00024781856,0.00061031646,0.00034188374,0.00017532369,0.000012204144,0.000826799,0.0006563839,0.00003795746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016419947,0.0001478704,0.00011648477,0.0003058831,0.0019509383,0.0001573128,0.00027761483,0.00042562012,0.0000056217523],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003404927,0.000069886446,0.00370767,0.000042616244,0.00007112269,0.000002169052,0.000019702456,0.0000063615134,0.98520917,0.00028469504,0.000030537016,0.01021556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008970356,0.0031871803,0.00022438586,0.00008570663,0.00008292547,0.000106289925,0.00004899324,0.0000904459,0.99460024,0.00031396782,0.00024532506,0.00011747816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005297808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002704056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010098081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013712009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001626385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7188313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773913841","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.081","title":"Impact of dead cells on biofouling and pharmaceutically active compounds retention by NF/RO membranes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Biofouling; Biofilm; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Microbiology; Biochemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Environmental science","score_opus":0.018485059920841235,"score_gpt":0.2815564972670297,"score_spread":0.26307143734618843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773913841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979955,0.000038154805,0.0011684627,0.0001013411,0.00008037075,0.000052084823,0.0000062412964,0.000037139307,0.0005206944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99751186,0.000093831964,0.0023174118,0.000007928248,0.00002970996,0.0000013047986,0.0000015237525,0.000010663003,0.000025749052],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999286,0.0000070526958,0.00018241312,0.00014311829,0.00019509565,0.00018633514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995124,0.000052750438,0.0001430536,0.00016815704,0.000010251636,0.00011342498],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013343488,0.00012272665,0.00015221092,0.00003232513,0.0001103449,0.00007109682,0.00026447713,0.00008974695,0.00014924581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016370659,0.00010159802,0.000071867835,0.000037752474,0.0001586281,0.00022154266,0.00009779084,0.00033125907,0.000011761969],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032245025,0.000027797074,0.00046648402,0.000012166728,0.00002167441,0.0000029652022,0.000025506883,0.0022378115,0.9943427,0.0000054192074,0.00031316726,0.0025120655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036742995,0.000060661037,0.0027133904,0.000034933844,0.000012217226,0.000037220034,0.0000055911537,0.012466325,0.9839694,0.00004654852,0.00017397491,0.000112323476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008212589,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.743839e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010373313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011210957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005384774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4143047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775047419","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.022","title":"Probing molecular interaction mechanisms of organic fouling on polyamide membrane using a surface forces apparatus: Implication for wastewater treatment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Calgary","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Surface forces apparatus; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Adhesion; Humic acid; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02230349546482349,"score_gpt":0.2630695968597928,"score_spread":0.24076610139496932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775047419","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996369,0.000008316801,0.001722846,0.0006302285,0.000091546404,0.00091381685,0.000004561762,0.000014278709,0.00024541005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99695915,0.000011201136,0.002723399,0.000006124189,0.0000055942432,0.000027885208,7.5820867e-7,0.000011337775,0.00025454862],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868435,0.00003173988,0.00025996935,0.00033346226,0.0004460045,0.000244488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982938,0.000038817685,0.0005155638,0.001115079,0.000005743865,0.00003100303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051240175,0.00015007918,0.0001568899,0.000028355149,0.00069763465,0.000050930787,0.00094682793,0.00004083341,0.000059106547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006340575,0.000085120075,0.00009148836,0.0000923648,0.0009701841,0.00031545293,0.00046709468,0.00006136952,0.000022703052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018503013,0.000037651622,0.000007256749,0.000004467429,0.0000071766735,5.5482865e-8,0.00022388513,0.24362685,0.75554216,0.00035199802,8.841763e-7,0.00017911158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020400067,0.00018164082,0.00035886193,0.000026002937,0.000032075128,0.000005268115,0.0002976081,0.030335648,0.9665956,0.0018657286,0.000007683032,0.00008987637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011056032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019415536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2132912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039057818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001782947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53657126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775804534","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.029","title":"The roles of pH and draw solute on forward osmosis process treating aqueous naphthenic acids","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Shell Canada; Syncrude; Alberta Environment and Parks; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Fouling; Naphthenic acid; Forward osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Sodium; Inorganic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chloride; Precipitation; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Corrosion","score_opus":0.013415941001729083,"score_gpt":0.2813472170260542,"score_spread":0.2679312760243251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775804534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912837,0.000108127126,0.000048187685,0.0017009211,0.00012754207,0.00010499917,0.0000012049042,0.0000126902705,0.006612586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875486,0.0002717962,0.0006748234,0.00004062429,0.00002444828,0.0000017337251,3.3109885e-8,0.0000061477945,0.00022551115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981043,0.000031895263,0.0004089477,0.00021796796,0.0009487428,0.00028818715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818635,0.00016053702,0.0009877228,0.0005017445,0.00006714869,0.00009647061],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019034183,0.00012520255,0.00021660168,0.00008952571,0.0013728903,0.00024323686,0.001707498,0.000048781356,0.00004093272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014869745,0.00007386841,0.000065602515,0.0002219755,0.0026387519,0.0009369383,0.0002623728,0.00020595021,0.000010406649],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019677535,0.00010895799,0.017019922,0.000041926727,0.000028534934,0.000020875576,0.002264478,0.002535242,0.7496197,0.000656613,0.00015043738,0.22735652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000625256,0.00058662414,0.034388997,0.00013325679,0.00002913634,0.0001748262,0.0011688161,0.0024704246,0.9563552,0.0031588834,0.00072422536,0.00018432554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002003216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058247682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2271722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006612267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007454983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777661347","doi":"10.1002/app.46169","title":"Highly permeable biomimetic reverse osmosis membrane with amphiphilic peptide stabilized aquaporin as water filtering agent","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Glycomics Centre; University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Aquaporin; Membrane; Amphiphile; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Water transport; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Biophysics; Materials science; Biochemistry; Biology; Polymer; Water flow; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01483661292269767,"score_gpt":0.24378333629990212,"score_spread":0.22894672337720445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777661347","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.984085,0.0000380938,0.00008111804,0.0013802893,0.00021207963,0.00020135437,0.0000014179515,0.00004209875,0.013958538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955174,0.000055536,0.0031390146,0.00020282502,0.000039154886,0.0000113653605,3.8370206e-7,0.000017360278,0.0010169648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99722385,0.000019526065,0.00050243456,0.00045585854,0.0012020711,0.0005962349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980687,0.000033899476,0.0005931466,0.0010103073,0.00003860396,0.0002553424],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011712499,0.00024040756,0.00034735005,0.00021033922,0.0009014448,0.00036386694,0.0020233837,0.00006804299,0.0014476702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005067527,0.00015150348,0.00008236213,0.00031190895,0.0020664972,0.0011825889,0.0005823607,0.00025047295,0.00046370775],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014722242,0.000054283722,0.0004283008,0.000008870519,0.000012713278,0.000030269859,0.00059578876,0.00027668616,0.9957648,0.00026577528,0.00015754394,0.0022577478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007328858,0.0002041203,0.0013626984,0.000030792486,0.000031433923,0.00009810616,0.000287115,0.00014989014,0.99428463,0.00039459535,0.0021822036,0.0002415274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021201595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021804288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012941574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023188727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009191985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99946517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783160746","doi":"10.1039/c7nj04161f","title":"Hydrophilicity and anti-fouling performance of polyethersulfone membrane modified by grafting block glycosyl copolymers <i>via</i> surface initiated electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"Lanzhou University of Technology; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Copolymer; Membrane; Grafting; Polymer chemistry; Fouling; Radical polymerization; Chemical engineering; Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.008370467729626562,"score_gpt":0.21533193416830407,"score_spread":0.2069614664386775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783160746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972349,0.0003156661,0.0012764542,0.0003324069,0.000032316726,0.00007520366,0.0000071465165,0.000045536563,0.0006803753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885416,0.00041879612,0.0004924053,0.000096615295,0.000057950223,4.5472748e-7,0.000013020093,0.000021505486,0.00004507435],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820834,0.00003417447,0.000678881,0.00023940494,0.0005346829,0.00030450657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991502,0.000087349355,0.0003502052,0.00017283733,0.000044963253,0.0001944522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025647556,0.00021297579,0.00037430433,0.000030105759,0.00009777701,0.000018271132,0.00033990236,0.00024426545,0.00028298114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009727218,0.00020122452,0.00006639246,0.00040256348,0.0006233494,0.0002533858,0.00005340137,0.0003759986,0.000003996604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024021634,0.000054745688,0.0015784125,0.000033516088,0.00004000484,0.0000026462346,0.00017484381,0.00025438916,0.99696136,5.4515107e-7,0.00010133798,0.00055799197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013451166,0.00013628947,0.00012491494,0.00005288712,0.00004068026,0.00011285921,0.000030950043,0.0035633596,0.99429464,0.000009946155,0.00010199089,0.00018637757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044959066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011316098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033089705,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006605385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006818087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8205698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783269742","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-18724-w","title":"Robust fabrication of thin film polyamide-TiO2 nanocomposite membranes with enhanced thermal stability and anti-biofouling propensity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Fabrication; Thermal stability; Membrane; Materials science; Thermal; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Engineering; Medicine; Physics","score_opus":0.02261540487962415,"score_gpt":0.22617724203804943,"score_spread":0.20356183715842527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783269742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994053,0.000027808566,0.001128821,0.00012663868,0.00043646974,0.0005220984,0.0000015877599,0.00012096983,0.0035825856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954127,0.0000031070144,0.0039622565,0.000016788534,0.000014896783,0.000011518856,0.000008667771,0.000008500973,0.0005615329],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979659,0.000056838788,0.00044638704,0.0007783087,0.00052194024,0.00023067162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984719,0.000024264738,0.00045095565,0.00085811963,0.000134676,0.000060047965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013244456,0.00014277217,0.00021295405,0.00006213608,0.00038821172,0.00011120772,0.0001814144,0.00007112007,0.00056046265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018182267,0.00010535275,0.000029299095,0.0005267025,0.0019640506,0.00047250246,0.00021168341,0.000083747975,0.000026597896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017569524,0.000043295466,0.050037704,0.00002504593,0.0000056349522,0.0000057829197,0.00060793845,0.0013041797,0.9468717,0.0000073946676,0.0001532131,0.000920559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007935506,0.000052596686,0.06709873,0.000023514342,0.000010265627,0.000030489062,0.000113612594,0.0014996446,0.9304758,0.00019422872,0.00029010343,0.00013170502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018461261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017355701,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017061023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004644029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035353147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7236626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783548041","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.014","title":"Separation of major and minor lipid components using supercritical CO2 coupled with cross-flow reverse osmosis membrane filtration","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chromatography; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Fouling; Supercritical fluid; Membrane technology; Membrane fouling; Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02443750385260774,"score_gpt":0.29997555397417736,"score_spread":0.2755380501215696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783548041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99629974,0.000016191727,0.0022742373,0.00038399757,0.00022415722,0.00020766228,0.000005749263,0.00002044432,0.0005677972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782103,0.000022733446,0.021488039,0.00010555099,0.00007390178,0.0000016282452,0.0000013274677,0.000010215573,0.00008630965],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973374,0.000068032066,0.0006705663,0.0003425838,0.0012508858,0.0003305323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883187,0.000116188785,0.00028484667,0.0003001338,0.00028644732,0.00018053039],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015434432,0.000182077,0.00034461662,0.00021699879,0.0003702824,0.00012906604,0.0005227704,0.00009432441,0.00082065247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047644266,0.00014130687,0.000052171556,0.00087152224,0.0038572312,0.0018945129,0.000129239,0.00019168068,0.000029347544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002186102,0.000083506726,0.0069871885,0.000030452942,0.000009329561,0.000007806775,0.00031886747,0.0029087155,0.98912704,0.0000750296,0.00006462533,0.0001688154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012447255,0.0007338673,0.02583135,0.00010328352,0.000056265995,0.00043309166,0.00019836456,0.08587391,0.8851234,0.00005711988,0.00013133105,0.00021333134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001064189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051720486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10400369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014636246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011772669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783924542","doi":"10.1039/c7ta09898g","title":"Hydrogel-embedded tight ultrafiltration membrane with superior anti-dye-fouling property for low-pressure driven molecule separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":102,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"L'Alliance Boviteq","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.009646839791537567,"score_gpt":0.24447481385159053,"score_spread":0.23482797406005296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783924542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99737537,0.000011431016,0.00093136344,0.00029723317,0.0001131452,0.00030471786,0.000019345865,0.000050606166,0.0008967637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950279,0.000013932646,0.0039651357,0.0000577933,0.000278102,0.000021256315,0.00001847156,0.000021997177,0.0005954394],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998638,0.00002803735,0.00052527763,0.00023764015,0.00034884055,0.00022223596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906313,0.000026172907,0.00049833243,0.00024180136,0.00009770486,0.00007286562],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034023332,0.00018816265,0.00031912775,0.000023711067,0.00014231472,0.00011044047,0.0003217471,0.00015550682,0.0018985994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013290912,0.000121364494,0.000056751676,0.00011545362,0.00021737958,0.0004782272,0.000041621228,0.00009480923,0.00003889082],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028270457,0.000058672984,0.00007199525,0.000106213294,0.000038429574,0.0000067366527,0.00026739098,0.0018769397,0.996616,0.0000025097256,0.0006336062,0.000038771508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077671243,0.00021825591,0.00007509734,0.00008061454,0.00006179543,0.00015577428,0.00009361872,0.00093146367,0.9953767,0.000025204892,0.0020214627,0.00018328118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000059222075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002347412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003033772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058867554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047224985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2785348332","doi":"10.1007/s10661-018-6508-7","title":"Ozonation of offshore produced water: kinetic study and fuzzy inference system modeling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Zhejiang University of Technology","keywords":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system; Ozone; Chemistry; Inference system; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Pollutant; Environmental engineering; Fuzzy control system; Fuzzy logic; Computer science","score_opus":0.02129620525632018,"score_gpt":0.2827561154600868,"score_spread":0.2614599102037666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2785348332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998462,0.000027585553,0.000215491,0.00003243327,0.00012805837,0.00036533928,0.0000019374736,0.000055543394,0.0007115953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822646,0.000037668062,0.0015827946,0.0000013962867,0.0000499942,0.00004112827,0.000002736685,0.000010071918,0.000047763264],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888194,0.00004568768,0.00024231625,0.0003529589,0.00031182467,0.00016530312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996533,0.0000150460855,0.00006240667,0.00021948187,0.0000027556455,0.000047053953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022365799,0.00013913073,0.00014792904,0.000039647945,0.00015643907,0.00002765842,0.00010538509,0.000043253272,0.000028816714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005727035,0.00011028535,0.0000124714425,0.00004586597,0.00017492467,0.0001612035,0.0003114939,0.00009366659,0.000016521175],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011233489,0.00019740469,0.6593829,0.00003079565,0.00001774914,0.0000020593486,0.0013834646,0.0011206528,0.32086053,0.000038742655,0.0000016909536,0.016952807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007274464,0.0010437077,0.5493273,0.000072179464,0.000048913982,0.000007873194,0.011052731,0.028984047,0.4082034,0.00014781053,0.000051287265,0.00033329296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008456948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025395777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11005556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014129159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002543945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4497306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789479904","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.088","title":"Adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto isolated polyamide active layer of NF/RO membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Adsorption; Polyamide; Membrane; Chemistry; Layer (electronics); Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02469921830545975,"score_gpt":0.2938889107800381,"score_spread":0.26918969247457836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789479904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694423,0.00008515294,0.00024857678,0.00016305373,0.00006634564,0.00019818297,0.0000070549695,0.00009379664,0.02969554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976117,0.00005624437,0.0010504116,0.0000849986,0.000020288966,0.000007806571,0.0000037384582,0.0000118796515,0.0011529572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990462,0.000022896618,0.00027579238,0.00023719529,0.00023401837,0.00018391847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993829,0.000039419578,0.00017936411,0.00031790067,0.00003382502,0.000046583184],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000109701774,0.00012467847,0.00020678401,0.000010381947,0.000033115506,0.000005133616,0.00026770358,0.00013158789,0.013114241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007548573,0.00011122963,0.000054734996,0.00028797955,0.0005551997,0.0002026601,0.00013077453,0.000093742114,0.00039824328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120128105,0.00007510253,0.0024269477,0.000038274822,0.000019675115,3.6628916e-7,0.0003107376,0.00004864401,0.9882954,0.000061079016,0.0011615808,0.007442064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003330279,0.00010087996,0.002909728,0.000018956296,0.000018297445,0.0000022926904,0.00025971394,0.0014329781,0.9915166,0.00044064765,0.0028560888,0.000110791945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018203062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009325052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028542582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067371446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012377329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9877879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789635967","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.03.059","title":"Vapor-gap membranes for highly selective osmotically driven desalination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Membrane distillation; Permeation; Microporous material; Materials science; Desalination; Chromatography; Permeability (electromagnetism); Osmosis; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.021079768851390544,"score_gpt":0.28953900637140606,"score_spread":0.2684592375200155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789635967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701917,0.000037768903,0.013013075,0.002877621,0.00091881555,0.00047510414,0.000004312113,0.00009452694,0.012387052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97065574,0.00003693617,0.028510321,0.00024464054,0.00019095301,0.0000073974093,5.5616374e-7,0.0000136634735,0.00033981437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973422,0.00005548182,0.0006016784,0.00037653683,0.0011629082,0.00046118256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826187,0.00022722398,0.0005571102,0.0003004046,0.00046841401,0.00018499816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002264841,0.00017686938,0.00028253978,0.00030192282,0.00047452032,0.000118189346,0.001206416,0.00010300093,0.00031803118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020476396,0.00014040616,0.00011164952,0.0013436604,0.0021475777,0.0014129605,0.00015801976,0.00021010895,0.00014698537],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015133471,0.000121559184,0.0014024585,0.000030751336,0.000016696378,0.000007732197,0.00063026603,0.001874917,0.9850667,0.00267174,0.0015167149,0.006509145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008597897,0.0011853937,0.0063215652,0.00003449906,0.000037652844,0.0001640201,0.00016795147,0.006949555,0.9719915,0.0065496373,0.005487919,0.00025055485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000130195185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032047425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015497246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030234744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020507413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79128397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790717657","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.01.075","title":"A novel integrated method for quantification of interfacial interactions between two rough bioparticles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Flocculation; Particle (ecology); Adhesion; Rough surface; Surface (topology); Materials science; RADIUS; Biological system; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Geology; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.049178236281908635,"score_gpt":0.3810936418791181,"score_spread":0.33191540559720945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790717657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62931657,0.000010632787,0.36977455,0.00035362682,0.00020403243,0.00010498753,0.000007635016,0.000009398139,0.0002185369],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9192461,0.0000051590555,0.08056037,0.00002187875,0.000040567433,0.0000029801222,2.1606148e-7,0.0000041930034,0.00011858069],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988219,0.000028277678,0.0005170348,0.00019348257,0.00027336777,0.00016590877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989187,0.000137158,0.0005051529,0.00014984126,0.00023005296,0.000059111044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012557541,0.00009345621,0.00020421082,0.00017765885,0.00016290565,0.00007295415,0.00046723994,0.000030144665,0.000113378155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006849655,0.00007105124,0.000048854487,0.0006855933,0.0012004313,0.00085942406,0.00013684783,0.000118739496,0.000011161788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007277708,0.000041684772,0.0013574053,0.0000034683355,0.000008101008,2.073034e-8,0.0005350999,0.00021589221,0.98983145,0.00029448286,0.0002603846,0.0073792497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036035103,0.0005923082,0.0032092528,0.000043646945,0.000018823686,0.000023170382,0.00066760415,0.010619437,0.98093534,0.0007158719,0.002737617,0.000076560085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006700449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006481876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28992945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009655054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006017111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4423039},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790810679","doi":"10.1039/c8ta00623g","title":"A CO<sub>2</sub>-responsive graphene oxide/polymer composite nanofiltration membrane for water purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Permeability (electromagnetism); Polymer; Materials science; Molecule; Composite number; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.011404629914261135,"score_gpt":0.2403409013259537,"score_spread":0.22893627141169257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790810679","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981633,0.000016124108,0.00056548783,0.000538197,0.00018402642,0.00019390618,0.000025110208,0.00003826639,0.0002755783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99832505,0.000028525534,0.0011379137,0.00009755964,0.0002070047,0.000023536382,0.000033063283,0.000017058315,0.00013029904],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861693,0.000054509117,0.0006052084,0.00019775447,0.00030000816,0.00022558545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906564,0.00005474443,0.00048155914,0.00023864697,0.00008983531,0.00006955804],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006065597,0.00016154646,0.00026766345,0.000030856416,0.00014149929,0.000083324296,0.00028919245,0.0001510527,0.0010116472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009882138,0.00012228583,0.00008480678,0.00008361911,0.0002634776,0.0003266158,0.00003378151,0.0000677704,0.00014685551],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005054306,0.00004868494,0.000028065935,0.000040619147,0.000024944902,0.0000032423159,0.00012502173,0.00002408035,0.9980646,0.000008555709,0.00097530027,0.00015147765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055066525,0.000101761056,0.00020948812,0.000027185084,0.00003344262,0.000117114265,0.00005615085,0.000008219532,0.9974018,0.00023887644,0.0011041637,0.0001511426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000429903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012029175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008647917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008150765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015160925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791412879","doi":"10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001376","title":"Optimization of an External Nanofiltration Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating a High-Strength Starch-Based Wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane reactor; Membrane; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Starch; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005824563180046593,"score_gpt":0.1958586358296198,"score_spread":0.1900340726495732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791412879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833722,0.000017241226,0.016262144,0.000021122903,0.00012683551,0.00011743386,0.0000107445285,0.000029247973,0.000042995514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8578687,0.000010630423,0.14198849,0.000010144326,0.00007394878,0.000003348057,0.000009034225,0.000020862835,0.000014884806],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867225,0.0000323635,0.00051817944,0.0001656667,0.00041972692,0.00019180021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929225,0.00003260912,0.0003738896,0.00020399957,0.0000066753387,0.0000905891],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022490566,0.00016961318,0.00021860572,0.00014746205,0.00005141311,0.000022616901,0.00023749124,0.00008087067,0.0015037858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035841967,0.00014904232,0.00006801155,0.00013356082,0.00016575772,0.0006520376,0.000048803013,0.00012932846,0.000014349948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000445001,0.000080660626,0.000475885,0.000006248934,0.000008592421,0.000004563906,0.00007392807,0.34006202,0.65774053,0.0000041688513,0.0000018628972,0.0014970313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006072241,0.00091489387,0.00954404,0.000044224114,0.000022969078,0.000027913047,0.00007285666,0.13372675,0.8548419,0.000006182867,0.00004774136,0.0001433375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003089632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004296105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20633529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020791392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008607738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99940896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792614961","doi":"10.2134/jeq2017.09.0360","title":"Removal of Pollutants in Different Landfill Leachate Treatment Processes on the Basis of Organic Matter Fractionation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Quality","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Organic matter; Effluent; Environmental chemistry; Fractionation; Pollutant; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical oxygen demand; Fraction (chemistry); Dissolved organic carbon; Total organic carbon; Humic acid; Biofilter; Wastewater; Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.031175822721143314,"score_gpt":0.2831896922815779,"score_spread":0.2520138695604346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792614961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99787825,0.00002906353,0.000048643775,0.0010431419,0.000046682824,0.00013059429,0.000025847483,0.0000033996646,0.00079436763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99946105,0.00010882432,0.00012931792,0.00008699481,0.000026036498,0.000002190278,0.0000010720897,0.000006773247,0.00017774497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861515,0.00014373912,0.00056931586,0.00012300468,0.000443172,0.000105652456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894685,0.00015122301,0.000676737,0.0001932216,0.0000059486433,0.000026001224],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038177433,0.00011544061,0.00022897791,0.000060372942,0.000046239493,0.000005141484,0.00018474806,0.000055712633,0.005900281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095347765,0.00006643845,0.00006076507,0.00012312963,0.00029784467,0.00015133987,0.000053719497,0.00009589454,0.00008538257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034421025,0.0013068728,0.31781036,0.000024168396,0.000054133576,0.000007793715,0.0011864089,0.0000962959,0.6709036,0.000038791317,0.00016549906,0.008061863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032088746,0.0003662433,0.6116721,0.000017907087,0.000010035957,0.00002116897,0.00038646467,0.0000093180415,0.38655406,0.00034176084,0.00024943595,0.00005063619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003465096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000081757236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29386172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035283083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000093774415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99500847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793469459","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.03.006","title":"Permeation characteristics of tailored poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) ultrafiltration membranes and probing its efficacy on bovine serum albumin separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Ethylene glycol; Bovine serum albumin; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Fouling; Phenylene; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.02879215423435549,"score_gpt":0.2708254218459675,"score_spread":0.24203326761161198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793469459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954355,0.00007909443,0.000229135,0.00025886638,0.0000834741,0.00034212152,0.00000966194,0.00019366591,0.003368494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99848217,0.000008723787,0.0009087267,0.0000701814,0.00010691616,0.000018006525,0.000026600053,0.000022844477,0.00035583533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853873,0.00004949364,0.00045644253,0.0003902927,0.00030734553,0.00025766596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990765,0.0002104502,0.00036205666,0.0002490691,0.000046021007,0.000055932363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002356118,0.00020549513,0.00021132629,0.00009755781,0.00023795466,0.00005115841,0.00015268814,0.000105738865,0.0002946709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00075080094,0.00019944842,0.00002621511,0.0003968256,0.0002458604,0.00042351268,0.000070658956,0.00011162837,0.00010648958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004473713,0.000074424504,0.015116461,0.000039417253,0.000007263601,0.0000011887734,0.0006965037,0.000029206794,0.9563626,0.00013894355,0.000018021532,0.027471207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003137983,0.0004874072,0.13552783,0.000072997434,0.000021203148,0.000020870806,0.00007754791,0.013868425,0.8493418,0.000041878957,0.000025090354,0.0002011143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009604162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019830557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.120411366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054293767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017196484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8133271},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794759422","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.105","title":"Bacteriophage-based strategies for biofouling control in ultrafiltration: In situ biofouling mitigation, biocidal additives and biofilm cleanser","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofilm; Bacteriophage; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Bacteria; Chemistry; Microbiology; Chromatography; Escherichia coli; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008830521626558332,"score_gpt":0.2647142492687146,"score_spread":0.2558837276421563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794759422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99019086,0.00008367928,0.008184967,0.0007812833,0.00013221892,0.00021855917,0.000006479802,0.000011239281,0.0003906927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99484193,0.000030436626,0.004909406,0.00014108125,0.0000390953,0.000005492886,3.2619045e-7,0.0000045096117,0.000027735487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998828,0.00004187258,0.00042660028,0.00023951824,0.00023376882,0.0002302565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993771,0.0001493406,0.00024279003,0.000085397114,0.00007574832,0.00006963027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011717813,0.00011619245,0.00018872511,0.00026654947,0.00015564925,0.00021886721,0.00024232638,0.00006321857,0.0000721978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030153315,0.00009674316,0.000024920018,0.000573292,0.0015417261,0.0013578157,0.000033521592,0.00013092067,0.0000034085413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000098356555,0.000023226263,0.0065147174,0.000008353086,0.0000018564539,6.223982e-7,0.0006669973,0.00054901297,0.99106884,0.000067046014,0.000059577167,0.0009413927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013111922,0.00069716113,0.03582805,0.000116505675,0.0000050496697,0.000016754748,0.0032613452,0.010941565,0.9466913,0.0006348525,0.00034749586,0.00014872699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001741781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019424758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04437754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008727356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012218568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5680554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795043750","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.03.048","title":"Stability study of extruded dual layer hollow fibre membranes in a long operation photocatalysis process","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; European Commission","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Photocatalysis; Chemical engineering; Ultimate tensile strength; Composite material; Irradiation; Layer (electronics); Embrittlement; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.04800798225274026,"score_gpt":0.29873378331210876,"score_spread":0.2507258010593685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795043750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99740094,0.000032215106,0.000047919588,0.00003688964,0.000028047578,0.00055118644,0.0000020648604,0.00011550089,0.0017852074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951166,4.2977035e-7,0.00030127438,0.000018225819,0.000018384144,0.00007847917,0.0000032233802,0.00001142225,0.00005687941],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985686,0.00007980351,0.00039652875,0.00039873866,0.00033847213,0.00021787711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930334,0.00012070574,0.00014992256,0.00036651932,0.000026320358,0.000033198357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039203168,0.0001388756,0.00020286342,0.000075074415,0.000117893636,0.00002805866,0.0002310276,0.00005797039,0.00080274435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000501301,0.00012571267,0.000020396417,0.0008842081,0.00021596225,0.00037840774,0.00015978204,0.00009859523,0.00005581902],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021693755,0.00031982124,0.6268981,0.00003065743,0.000007010034,0.000003931222,0.0044931266,0.00044935764,0.3639113,0.0000010256623,0.0000037341374,0.003860227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041357998,0.00021530384,0.116554596,0.00001672473,0.000013331545,0.000003520166,0.0026759226,0.0066353516,0.8733083,0.000024542436,9.030642e-7,0.00013792407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019339045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002836051,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5103435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050505092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018622564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87894875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795145445","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.058","title":"Wetting phenomena in membrane distillation: Mechanisms, reversal, and prevention","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":727,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Desalination","score_opus":0.13044241157136957,"score_gpt":0.39776539198803834,"score_spread":0.2673229804166688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795145445","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005412338,0.9772448,0.00019623368,0.00035084426,0.00015781344,0.0030785305,0.000012364447,0.00018833655,0.018229865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003960338,0.99106383,0.0011540368,0.0000054643533,0.000085467465,0.00018386438,0.000067001325,0.00003645057,0.007007873],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99715346,0.00052715815,0.00046587622,0.00066300255,0.00064504426,0.0005454844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929833,0.00005728044,0.00008061153,0.0004805464,0.000015651713,0.00006758874],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002758365,0.0002237934,0.00052320806,0.00030483666,0.00019088078,0.00010466383,0.00044387497,0.0002707448,0.002314691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013665573,0.00015447642,0.00006638099,0.0005098399,0.00036261915,0.00021789178,0.0009997691,0.0005365474,0.002164123],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071853037,0.00003285774,0.000009513452,0.0037850542,0.000018988845,0.000017044833,0.00031342515,0.0000033606839,0.00036883904,0.00035777746,0.0012251317,0.99386084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011696625,0.0000854831,0.00000493334,0.0014982083,0.00001792908,0.000012700986,0.000045174733,0.000052745298,0.0006274922,0.006320925,0.9909944,0.0002230284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010788942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001084022,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9936378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034810312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002348112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796486488","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2018.07.01","title":"Clay Nanoparticles Composite Membranes Prepared with Three Different Polymers: Performance Evaluation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidade de São Paulo; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Membrane; Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Polymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Materials science; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015753584683282786,"score_gpt":0.26713132234608156,"score_spread":0.25137773766279875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796486488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99564964,0.00029661032,0.00038484958,0.0012495617,0.000111133726,0.00031338795,0.0000011183893,0.00010351172,0.0018902204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99834913,0.0001971435,0.0011775994,0.000089357534,0.00005611378,0.000019685476,0.0000026432647,0.000013614944,0.00009471616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998274,0.000069705995,0.0005459616,0.0002694512,0.000585161,0.00025566292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891806,0.00004597971,0.00051304064,0.00030709035,0.000144117,0.00007171662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049002434,0.00020657615,0.00033400557,0.00028769628,0.00023969352,0.00004989107,0.00030390022,0.00019477963,0.0007438513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006781909,0.00014521988,0.00004000367,0.00049885304,0.00076144375,0.00058809354,0.00009832463,0.0002090583,0.00005276728],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044720943,0.00011216099,0.025618,0.000021684717,0.00006350218,0.000006605264,0.00031299735,0.00074274035,0.9267253,0.00016650152,0.00021575863,0.045567524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013709279,0.0016914336,0.01054653,0.00004730719,0.00010093499,0.00033890567,0.00020998622,0.0119413175,0.9716331,0.0006722473,0.0012375155,0.00020979131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008691535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010250874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04535773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008845322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028113593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.814465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800497981","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2018.04.009","title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel Cellulose Nanocrystals-based Thin Film Nanocomposite membranes for reverse osmosis applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":145,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Contact angle; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Regenerated cellulose; Cellulose; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.0161573720531926,"score_gpt":0.2445150950831951,"score_spread":0.2283577230300025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800497981","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83185583,0.000009151641,0.16597037,0.00054168317,0.000042890395,0.0009601774,0.000095275405,0.000113773305,0.00041084533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980374,0.000014118754,0.018700572,0.00010332721,0.00002211348,0.00038102124,0.00010876908,0.000014170843,0.00028192814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918425,0.000027196322,0.0002509356,0.0002566993,0.00016696927,0.00011392031],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993393,0.00012864529,0.00022482612,0.00021893875,0.000058553534,0.000029724511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026120298,0.000105530286,0.00012710923,0.00008791914,0.00013905886,0.000022712495,0.00013983877,0.00010103984,0.00015353705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010034326,0.00010546047,0.00003437837,0.00027822013,0.00023149216,0.0002441559,0.000041639618,0.000030130901,0.00001963249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028375818,0.0000948666,0.00051520555,0.000082657534,0.0000054346424,3.9138083e-8,0.00013468052,0.00017499365,0.9946487,0.0005657404,0.00008738238,0.0036619243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027199896,0.00005651428,0.0028345054,0.000017586575,0.00002552789,7.5994984e-7,0.000021394872,0.07649352,0.91290903,0.00015396097,0.007104704,0.00011048195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032718635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017703249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14851815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048719205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009514672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43005535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800522109","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.091","title":"Cellulose acetate composite membranes tailored with exfoliated tungsten disulfide nanosheets: Permeation characteristics and antifouling ability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Cellulose acetate; Chemical engineering; Tungsten disulfide; Permeation; Materials science; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Nanocomposite; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material","score_opus":0.01444799676180102,"score_gpt":0.25287968042825726,"score_spread":0.23843168366645623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800522109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957209,0.00004939173,0.0026046324,0.0008291957,0.0002086831,0.000108820765,0.000015302738,0.000042307922,0.00042071423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959078,0.00016841931,0.0036015713,0.00017710055,0.000085330736,0.000002628477,0.000019505283,0.000008240148,0.000029410981],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986015,0.0001036935,0.00048280606,0.00025261808,0.00038540244,0.00017399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905777,0.00011004458,0.00045363576,0.00011709811,0.0001794247,0.00008201323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029970254,0.00016851143,0.0002436153,0.000075492935,0.00008567168,0.000102598395,0.00044023647,0.00010291819,0.00037185254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002888487,0.00010816564,0.000057547015,0.00012201912,0.00083787483,0.00024730354,0.00019899546,0.00016074303,0.00004224555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052569975,0.00010260643,0.09597341,0.0000057687657,0.00007091607,0.00011949317,0.00018992905,0.000032278254,0.8964226,0.00009872897,0.00003645126,0.0064220997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001129199,0.0010242941,0.5309831,0.00010176106,0.000038437316,0.00058717385,0.00021824974,0.0019484904,0.46098134,0.001759882,0.00089806225,0.00033005883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002311685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000091974325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4354413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007847263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011138949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44108665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802470000","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.003","title":"Transport of trace organic compounds through novel forward osmosis membranes: Role of membrane properties and the draw solution","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Cellulose triacetate; Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.06168512394010605,"score_gpt":0.29039601737232873,"score_spread":0.22871089343222267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802470000","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992001,0.00015794912,0.00024172751,0.0015013147,0.00002302826,0.00053674326,0.00000538291,0.000040052164,0.0054928055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985948,0.0001347462,0.00040791283,0.000017686123,0.00001681649,0.000037886304,0.0000034822285,0.000014922231,0.0007717037],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998124,0.00012923061,0.0003390375,0.00028287154,0.0007536738,0.0003711689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935937,0.00004332776,0.00005506203,0.0004317653,0.0000777012,0.000032790496],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014475875,0.000117917196,0.0002483313,0.00006320446,0.00026464745,0.000020751717,0.0005039436,0.00009979319,0.0007481545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006105428,0.00006240295,0.000048890895,0.00034078502,0.004306329,0.0002967911,0.00024188758,0.00019742266,0.00008718056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021336912,0.00007553246,0.0009884367,0.000082002836,0.000020078141,2.545581e-7,0.0093824575,0.000021745367,0.98852074,0.00032112014,0.0000608439,0.0003134093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078989565,0.00017240702,0.00095986354,0.000023045503,0.000012569595,0.0000062544395,0.0013993501,0.000744045,0.9914287,0.0014569617,0.0029336573,0.00007328392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018441781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004643697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007983107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043847478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017223105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802678016","doi":"10.2166/wst.2018.175","title":"Dynamic characterization of a FeCl3-dosed anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating municipal wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Solar Energy Technologies Office","keywords":"Wastewater; Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009170081994687556,"score_gpt":0.2380870510579926,"score_spread":0.22891696906330505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802678016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967049,0.0000028047682,0.0002714723,0.00089625263,0.00020123503,0.00032355104,0.000006244879,0.0005077735,0.0010857926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99619216,0.000009699133,0.0031723522,0.00005278733,0.000010861307,0.0000362777,0.000015755042,0.000018881101,0.00049122126],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976131,0.00003204145,0.00046355146,0.0007163979,0.00043636083,0.0007385711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869615,0.000011334469,0.00019452002,0.0009755264,0.000054135027,0.000068325215],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005088099,0.00024007991,0.00029822995,0.00086003536,0.00035637472,0.0000484225,0.0014394696,0.00024531805,0.00089240324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000986964,0.00017092765,0.00004679928,0.0022305145,0.0054592458,0.00071902084,0.00089224445,0.00018023532,0.0006916189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012713412,0.00004638158,0.0029703747,0.000005949539,0.0000034455254,0.0000028175314,0.00084748206,0.000015166704,0.99288297,0.00012707975,0.0000028505222,0.0030827955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022540778,0.0003193991,0.003517573,0.000016406835,0.000009406333,0.000021981232,0.00019978856,0.0039618365,0.99049425,0.00035518268,0.0006637211,0.00021507045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013776551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013859132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005102871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020225656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025584017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99724734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803350058","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.017","title":"Transient, spatially resolved desaturation of gas diffusion layers measured via synchrotron visualization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Western Economic Diversification Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council; National Research Council Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Montana State University; University of Saskatchewan; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Synchrotron; Diffusion; Convection; Gaseous diffusion; Chemistry; Saturation (graph theory); Volumetric flow rate; Transient (computer programming); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Optics","score_opus":0.012056826608798856,"score_gpt":0.2548634240737161,"score_spread":0.24280659746491723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803350058","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8781982,0.00004839485,0.11962771,0.00033952927,0.00045651707,0.000058198922,0.0000032684352,0.000026447982,0.0012417277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99812514,0.000083457504,0.0013998945,0.00010506944,0.00017574134,0.0000024614624,0.000014080665,0.000014221473,0.0000799268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798954,0.00009102516,0.0006287865,0.00016087356,0.0009960611,0.00013374194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884033,0.000033313852,0.0006621087,0.00014603697,0.00025954877,0.000058649453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030880238,0.00012676472,0.00017562581,0.00020111419,0.000055809673,0.000023592364,0.0005093047,0.000097541146,0.00074632134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012948342,0.00011145924,0.0001110444,0.00020523096,0.00020782847,0.00040578627,0.000072639414,0.00007625444,0.000020604026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002617742,0.00011978666,0.0012921398,0.0000020938623,0.00007586993,0.0000111236795,0.000290046,0.00596286,0.96921045,0.00060212665,0.00040312964,0.021768602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007272098,0.00040189282,0.0016425953,0.000041335432,0.000026921649,0.000084370025,0.00003415886,0.021126866,0.9679121,0.0013835108,0.006489605,0.00012947575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025280553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041154696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.119926944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020671242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003306508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8171695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803409995","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2018.83337.1185","title":"Membrane Fouling Prevention and Control Strategies in Pulp and Paper Industry Applications: A Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Pulp (tooth); Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.09302025013205163,"score_gpt":0.4366587686660564,"score_spread":0.3436385185340048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803409995","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013558951,0.9952713,0.000024825056,0.0007337089,0.00003937884,0.0013788128,0.0000027168717,0.000010095141,0.0011832279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017405578,0.9974853,0.00035536673,0.00006525162,0.00007328897,0.00008973003,7.697833e-7,0.000012676648,0.0001770668],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960511,0.00043363692,0.0009465249,0.0005473087,0.0015515394,0.00046989188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983174,0.00040099266,0.0005270338,0.00033675955,0.0001980363,0.00021973168],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.014179172,0.00023909558,0.00096512254,0.0006720262,0.00037642702,0.0003020865,0.00075243984,0.00036814387,0.00018363241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010897592,0.00016167467,0.00007264146,0.0020652404,0.0031956355,0.0013937373,0.00040637693,0.0016515666,0.000019449864],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000151076365,0.0000702051,0.00004793915,0.015244133,0.000024191062,0.0000228906,0.00010302738,0.0000037177324,0.0014797468,0.0002518293,0.00029836674,0.98243886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080482825,0.0005451925,0.00017618942,0.037370518,0.00020330341,0.0011059645,0.00083249167,0.00006686838,0.00027260787,0.001754931,0.95641017,0.00045690886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026153262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026709533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98198193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017326482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006626036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803760215","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.089","title":"Green silica-based ceramic hollow fiber membrane for seawater desalination via direct contact membrane distillation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Materials science; Hollow fiber membrane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Scanning electron microscope; Wetting; Fiber; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01430569203124591,"score_gpt":0.27255806117187653,"score_spread":0.2582523691406306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803760215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9015625,0.00010452021,0.065612145,0.014752974,0.00031332072,0.0031655892,0.00005866369,0.0019799261,0.01245034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99145186,0.000022302629,0.0046911025,0.0002693426,0.000065031236,0.0003672684,0.00027978644,0.00003097961,0.0028223172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815613,0.00007773273,0.000489142,0.0006887817,0.00026049206,0.00032770968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988446,0.00010956926,0.00029874378,0.0005565198,0.00012196193,0.00006855238],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039023656,0.00026557778,0.00027347717,0.00033195913,0.0004145797,0.000065482775,0.00026930778,0.00044867082,0.0009409033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016596608,0.00025454035,0.000062327505,0.0007023131,0.00052385847,0.00038997058,0.000053537842,0.00014010708,0.0006315266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033346194,0.00016531663,0.0034162612,0.00007001847,0.00004101954,9.3183525e-7,0.0002918431,0.000626169,0.87834007,0.007440127,0.0018679156,0.10740689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013485915,0.00046826416,0.005864455,0.0000130612,0.000050441082,0.000010648216,0.000050126728,0.06384111,0.8335666,0.004066224,0.090265885,0.0004545712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009506293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022771946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.106952325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014334438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023845114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803885406","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.111","title":"Thermodynamic insights into membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: Evaluating thermodynamic interactions with Gaussian membrane surface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Gaussian; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Adhesion; Biological system; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.015322436029576022,"score_gpt":0.2989720585016215,"score_spread":0.2836496224720455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803885406","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99113065,0.00013558418,0.0012785506,0.0005499131,0.00034987164,0.00031081054,0.000001141786,0.000045080054,0.0061983746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99344194,0.00013096906,0.0060625924,0.00007827988,0.000042504453,0.0000045894526,3.6726686e-7,0.00002275669,0.00021601017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971137,0.00013207743,0.0007524272,0.00053384714,0.0009983585,0.00046958477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841905,0.00017112655,0.0006574213,0.00040339524,0.00015664122,0.00019239399],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015397862,0.0003068811,0.00043728898,0.00042978796,0.0004245954,0.00021526079,0.0009741515,0.00009192195,0.00045415782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003109938,0.0002143475,0.00006356605,0.0016871934,0.0021559116,0.0020800978,0.00030764317,0.0005377196,0.000053374042],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020445208,0.000079799844,0.00084700447,0.000014693003,0.000018669885,0.0000039210145,0.003371612,0.0027840415,0.9910059,0.00007512828,0.00000853963,0.0015862364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001050955,0.0012596336,0.0049918736,0.00034230473,0.000031256557,0.00022339185,0.0027372148,0.15586044,0.832432,0.00045867197,0.0002486538,0.00036361482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025151976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001511977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15857391,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053152425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020345386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87408376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804418647","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.012","title":"Janus graphene oxide nanosheet: A promising additive for enhancement of polymeric membranes performance prepared via phase inversion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phase inversion; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Graphene; Nanosheet; Janus; Contact angle; Oxide; Polysulfone; Scanning electron microscope; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Fouling; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010969688741491885,"score_gpt":0.27538460764886935,"score_spread":0.26441491890737745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804418647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99288887,0.00013405702,0.0054909084,0.00009540703,0.00019934405,0.0002775308,0.000003755034,0.000009549621,0.0009006066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99494267,0.0001520416,0.0046528783,0.00004438712,0.000018790603,0.000005956184,2.0730286e-7,0.000004607973,0.00017847406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986557,0.000017274398,0.00041768697,0.0002228138,0.00045841024,0.00022815434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990366,0.00004375165,0.000551538,0.00014924126,0.00013086779,0.00008797912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006344331,0.00011708545,0.0002135679,0.00016850099,0.00024313046,0.000038125345,0.0004292731,0.000036601046,0.00016955136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016716713,0.000090449634,0.00004906759,0.0005853189,0.0015619469,0.0009620071,0.00015153401,0.00007183223,0.0000059332992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031600523,0.00008003771,0.00020541907,0.000018652141,0.0000074085797,1.3726228e-7,0.0007200812,0.000028749788,0.9894156,0.0000049848654,0.00025320737,0.008949747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000830818,0.002523999,0.00046911297,0.00010310612,0.000014054941,0.000025094938,0.0004758722,0.004134801,0.9899835,0.00007897837,0.0012588555,0.00010183433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011347076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005609579,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008847913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000104414794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073507465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57550585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804936699","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.042","title":"Preparation and antifouling property improvement of Tröger's base polymer ultrafiltration membrane","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Synthetic membrane; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Polymer; Solvent; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014290619164126295,"score_gpt":0.2692563510681666,"score_spread":0.2549657319040403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804936699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99515116,0.000047358495,0.0008321271,0.00059994165,0.00027034138,0.00023269163,0.0000019683607,0.000023988414,0.0028404181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964078,0.00008465149,0.0030341416,0.00010588713,0.00007347545,0.0000026532982,4.4842733e-7,0.000007551536,0.00028335865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976594,0.00004109091,0.00069969444,0.00031647045,0.0010147048,0.0002686411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865216,0.00005437961,0.0006983197,0.0003031905,0.00016020845,0.00013174079],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020236005,0.00014841993,0.00025083622,0.00021815441,0.00025042414,0.00007661847,0.0005111947,0.00006532379,0.0004954206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043008226,0.00009648152,0.000053301308,0.0007865869,0.0017640224,0.0015808492,0.00011825239,0.00014723795,0.00002407985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009001588,0.00006412888,0.00067215395,0.000018836801,0.0000058245755,0.0000022335284,0.0005825561,0.00025509,0.98812425,0.00006106877,0.00008384349,0.010040017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004321096,0.00092256744,0.0017758624,0.00004123702,0.000019320754,0.000081193786,0.00030248563,0.0034029926,0.99257064,0.00008154452,0.00024459296,0.00012547591],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000786411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037556958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009914541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009034102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012237871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6499614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805340976","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.06.001","title":"Effective removal of bovine serum albumin and humic acid contaminants using poly (amide imide) nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with GO and MoS2 nanosheets","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Humic acid; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Ultrafiltration (renal); Bovine serum albumin; Biofouling; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.006723931657599384,"score_gpt":0.21812695918254696,"score_spread":0.21140302752494758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2805340976","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99921155,0.000088242894,0.00011947061,0.000020556876,0.00002804549,0.0002250211,0.000047275516,0.000033541604,0.00022630705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987739,0.00004250365,0.0010245302,0.000016824022,0.00004893138,0.000008069417,0.000016601689,0.000012037798,0.00005662663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992247,0.000033303633,0.00018222227,0.00029083542,0.00011548499,0.00015342713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959326,0.000028384731,0.00016455472,0.00015757629,0.000015661453,0.00004054244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104247825,0.00017592612,0.00024801012,0.000005185279,0.0001320946,0.000049661034,0.00007145436,0.00008959728,0.00006242025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014462355,0.0001493183,0.0000103259545,0.00007669928,0.0006354747,0.00023675697,0.00008401435,0.00004113476,0.000001995786],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021515583,0.000021310787,0.0016407339,0.00018964118,0.000015933945,0.000004648489,0.00025482834,0.000005414827,0.99576086,0.000008255743,0.000003942435,0.0018792589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005034662,0.0001359576,0.008670553,0.00007222914,0.000034219713,0.000117369134,0.00007346882,0.00018953244,0.9898627,0.0001420232,0.000025952184,0.00017254836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009698892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008776343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007029819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019416746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067722813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60890234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806181442","doi":"","title":"Numerical study of frost formation in a membrane for HVAC applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"HVAC; Frost (temperature); Membrane; Mechanical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Computer science; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Air conditioning","score_opus":0.016678785541001807,"score_gpt":0.297560338246854,"score_spread":0.2808815527058522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806181442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9369233,0.000015197412,0.0065255486,0.00005142272,0.00011678718,0.005879083,0.000024289739,0.00016270208,0.050301656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902558,0.000007971559,0.0025322682,0.000014555577,0.000016374888,0.002061199,0.00051284564,0.00001846698,0.004580533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987821,0.000020686957,0.0004921675,0.00030064455,0.00025767073,0.0001467447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927586,0.000053983884,0.00027284827,0.00034968837,0.000024663794,0.000022937857],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000141467,0.000151882,0.00025456666,0.00012927166,0.00006116469,0.000012775247,0.00032091327,0.00018209567,0.0010753073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057812053,0.0001397042,0.00004428016,0.0003988141,0.00003753376,0.00018659144,0.00003044359,0.000096343334,0.00019987756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035079643,0.023258315,0.024121424,0.0043400563,0.0003852022,0.000007793534,0.079812795,0.01136145,0.5003908,0.007581728,0.070525095,0.27470735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049258354,0.0026297546,0.041665792,0.000109281646,0.00017280919,0.00000461161,0.04583807,0.016860468,0.8553951,0.007012202,0.02390017,0.001485914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003540378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003593749,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35500428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000901818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008622312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806508237","doi":"10.1038/s41545-018-0006-x","title":"Can osmotic membrane bioreactor be a realistic solution for water reuse?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Reuse; Reverse osmosis; Process engineering; Fouling; Context (archaeology); Computer science; Membrane bioreactor; Osmosis; Environmental science; Osmotic power; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02797640244632214,"score_gpt":0.252923161842118,"score_spread":0.22494675939579586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806508237","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98452854,0.0000013280704,0.0006045884,0.00979068,0.00028804026,0.0005038435,0.00003007385,0.00032380503,0.0039290967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932642,0.000003099998,0.001817761,0.0006558495,0.00012471387,0.000045605608,0.00011195695,0.000032035256,0.0039448002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848425,0.000035019908,0.00025676307,0.00042070175,0.00023586939,0.0005674153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991188,0.00002415992,0.00003851894,0.0007171844,0.000021446125,0.00007988389],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028898983,0.00018186643,0.00016580161,0.00005987789,0.00023164986,0.000048252965,0.00046473037,0.00014315857,0.0035512135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009711863,0.0001094578,0.00006325211,0.000069913796,0.00044959204,0.00017341366,0.00031214245,0.00009242687,0.001884197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072365714,0.00004939218,0.00032356003,0.00002353928,0.000013914633,0.0000036715348,0.001805946,0.000026743304,0.9679773,0.00013695893,0.027049365,0.002517239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003843662,0.0002228013,0.00066159485,0.000006765921,0.000023447925,0.0000076118845,0.00006721892,0.0010797015,0.9486986,0.003437046,0.0451901,0.0002207378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052728783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008583224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019278698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015783853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044496333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99889296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806791851","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.070","title":"Improvement of stability and performance of functionalized halloysite nano tubes-based thin film nanocomposite membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Halloysite; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phase inversion; Zeta potential; Reverse osmosis; Thermogravimetric analysis; Polyamide; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.013247249850720129,"score_gpt":0.2404465501284273,"score_spread":0.22719930027770718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806791851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99762195,0.00008148734,0.00017001912,0.00024029212,0.00023816967,0.00020969771,0.000006146752,0.000017963675,0.0014142966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99548995,0.000068454465,0.004246236,0.00008393962,0.000024018767,0.000002793892,4.6650334e-7,0.0000069672674,0.000077167824],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971798,0.00005501914,0.00085475296,0.00031564556,0.001316482,0.00027829787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840117,0.00012909505,0.0006649518,0.00041332177,0.00026950112,0.00012197391],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002694305,0.00017185227,0.00039138747,0.00024313254,0.00021568472,0.000030451416,0.00076467975,0.00006771363,0.0015571143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027296314,0.00013025235,0.00009568642,0.000927309,0.0033582605,0.0008982225,0.00022280117,0.0001494293,0.000011899682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003316863,0.00011683394,0.012957591,0.00009322055,0.000009782175,9.065973e-7,0.00022789817,0.0019438647,0.98245203,0.000036785914,0.000023075276,0.0018063041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000814692,0.0015136915,0.023593865,0.00006956702,0.000022578895,0.000026077209,0.00010341212,0.0136560155,0.95977455,0.000058581634,0.0002422543,0.00012470648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059131922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018310484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022677494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112508664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017709797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807474715","doi":"10.1002/app.46678","title":"Functionalized polymeric membrane with aquaporin using click chemistry for water purification application","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Glycomics Centre; University of Alberta","funders":"National Institute for Nanotechnology","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Azide; Substrate (aquarium); Chemical engineering; Click chemistry; Aqueous solution; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Conjugate; Materials science; Combinatorial chemistry; Covalent bond; Ultrafiltration (renal); Peptide; Solvent; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013709067188000818,"score_gpt":0.25197431445357205,"score_spread":0.23826524726557122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807474715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96218866,0.00005551758,0.030959861,0.0003758923,0.00011570525,0.000276926,0.0000016044246,0.000041490744,0.0059843604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99039346,0.000004914428,0.008955782,0.00014413596,0.00015922429,0.000026374919,0.000002137199,0.000013044575,0.00030092246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825007,0.0000070769333,0.00040537916,0.00033165538,0.0006822244,0.000323618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990107,0.000026788517,0.00042700736,0.0003418733,0.00008286875,0.00011077105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006742413,0.00014361672,0.00017663962,0.00010086058,0.0003578577,0.000065713124,0.00061045564,0.000066223685,0.0007022673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000112832595,0.00009633333,0.000044435616,0.0006741635,0.0012955115,0.00046876364,0.00008106049,0.000109539775,0.00007137258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020094869,0.000039180246,0.000102652346,0.0000070850065,0.0000066730086,2.4399228e-7,0.00016781231,0.00016821596,0.99223244,0.00026830618,0.00004757895,0.006758862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048330976,0.000097849246,0.00021258065,0.00000508721,0.000023699524,0.000053769643,0.00013749798,0.0021035895,0.9928872,0.00031295238,0.0035386197,0.00014385756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019554333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016895598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028204821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016500863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008914586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7689334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807932022","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.06.032","title":"Layer-by-layer self-assembled chitosan/PAA nanofiltration membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Chitosan; Acrylic acid; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Microporous material; Cationic polymerization; Thermal stability; Layer by layer; Chloride; Layer (electronics); Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer","score_opus":0.01346275145444477,"score_gpt":0.27270760289794294,"score_spread":0.2592448514434982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807932022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9634668,0.00022408052,0.006092665,0.0069477954,0.00022239499,0.0006712462,0.000006083059,0.001709816,0.020659074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99434716,0.00030750033,0.0040676314,0.00033051195,0.00006103511,0.00016655624,0.00004434223,0.000022134258,0.00065311993],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981952,0.000077886216,0.0004565253,0.0006596396,0.00028468887,0.00032608572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896723,0.000038591108,0.00026037692,0.0006148288,0.00004421425,0.00007473767],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024250157,0.00024997757,0.00022300961,0.000245961,0.0004510886,0.00008729528,0.00036108156,0.0004759257,0.0008414822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009422846,0.00024423574,0.0000352035,0.00094621314,0.0003070244,0.0005061576,0.00009927495,0.00018686814,0.0013089156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018743176,0.000082650484,0.0028188117,0.000009071006,0.00001313315,4.4998265e-7,0.00022499774,0.000008305323,0.9735684,0.008545423,0.0067174044,0.007992639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036403505,0.00019488219,0.0021472936,0.00000434818,0.000017824099,0.000021897322,0.00017297709,0.0018406388,0.9143349,0.003303134,0.07732881,0.0002692481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030251136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000066714725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07061141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006197571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023941322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808340276","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.8b01076","title":"High Water Flux with Ions Sieving in a Desalination 2D Sub-Nanoporous Boron Nitride Material","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Université de Rennes 1; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Boron nitride; Reverse osmosis; Nanoporous; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Osmotic power; Water desalination; Water transport; Ion; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Water flow; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.007915714852257909,"score_gpt":0.21615767720843876,"score_spread":0.20824196235618084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808340276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975755,0.0000039052957,0.00013086882,0.0006465244,0.0001349618,0.00020702895,0.0000040972864,0.00015553531,0.001141566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786603,0.000006807591,0.0014740342,0.00011972405,0.00005145281,0.000035008852,0.000028890618,0.000015126858,0.0004029141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990266,0.00003252161,0.0001869408,0.0002581431,0.00021536757,0.00028044533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996274,0.000017072132,0.000049251736,0.00026408338,0.000012053299,0.000030109886],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016478648,0.00011786722,0.000115784416,0.00007389622,0.000102897895,0.00004830114,0.00020937332,0.00008832521,0.0003740363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041135994,0.000084025865,0.000011460645,0.0002085913,0.0002183908,0.00035431792,0.0001399201,0.00007545043,0.00093641825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006306133,0.000048147773,0.0069210078,0.0000054947127,0.000004286994,0.000012916809,0.0003390285,0.00021895024,0.9884045,0.0002958073,0.0008629136,0.0028238918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032174913,0.0001569152,0.013296976,0.000010980765,0.000005295138,0.000008181335,0.00008314633,0.000051700412,0.9829789,0.0011938338,0.0017483359,0.00014402889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000651882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001601771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0063759685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014937508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007396076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808553566","doi":"10.1002/j.1551-8701.2007.tb01914.x","title":"Net Charge Equals Positive Change","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opflow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Current (fluid); Environmental science; Particle (ecology); Charge (physics); Dosing; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Physics; Medicine; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.029886770044985096,"score_gpt":0.2739268734594693,"score_spread":0.2440401034144842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808553566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81780076,0.00007273782,0.001425877,0.0014347933,0.00023539811,0.00039933823,0.000013950073,0.00029923135,0.17831789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941263,0.0000192017,0.0013840918,0.0008539885,0.000063043764,0.000014952399,0.000009223755,0.000008841176,0.0035203483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992562,0.000012298418,0.00011244078,0.00018580885,0.00018090106,0.00025237486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996684,0.00003321051,0.000040895404,0.0002038409,0.0000034441853,0.00005020389],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027984128,0.000081670114,0.000078563506,0.000029515717,0.0000711371,0.000013523954,0.00018006329,0.00007182659,0.004961554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003304774,0.00007286664,0.000025065467,0.00017816112,0.000092245915,0.0001879719,0.000112019996,0.000074783726,0.005471142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008975107,0.00031848205,0.056482702,0.000018360537,0.000034247256,0.00015249473,0.0046468424,0.000049576767,0.43873465,0.0103606675,0.05851726,0.43059495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044096663,0.000195413,0.19418544,0.000016751144,0.000009615986,0.00001673089,0.0002357914,0.0005103395,0.70109123,0.0013173148,0.101523705,0.00045667714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013218235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000086697255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4301383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000641186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016533609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808929023","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23289","title":"Modelling of cross‐flow microfiltration coupled with bentonite treatment in sugar beet molasses purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja","keywords":"Microfiltration; Bentonite; Chemistry; Sugar beet; Sugar; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Turbidity; Sucrose; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Food science; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01567014587328446,"score_gpt":0.21319882056908077,"score_spread":0.1975286746957963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808929023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99583983,0.000047946778,0.0037523631,0.00015341092,0.000027839005,0.00007899224,0.000002154076,0.0000064094747,0.00009104484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99560267,0.000004513974,0.0043345466,0.0000071966174,0.000025802574,0.0000027860458,0.0000018191129,0.000007449149,0.000013247831],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999438,0.000006409121,0.00022603596,0.000070099966,0.00011849925,0.00014098865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964035,0.00002924163,0.00010360686,0.000117364674,0.00003228763,0.00007716972],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013802639,0.000075320066,0.00010682534,0.000071060094,0.000032418942,0.00002643111,0.0001675401,0.000047680278,0.000068961635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003614687,0.000053042895,0.000023125278,0.00018589078,0.00016080339,0.00014042536,0.0000054548973,0.000092323025,0.0000042390366],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012444852,0.000006153219,0.0014682894,0.0000031774148,0.00000711205,0.0000023929279,0.00028913288,0.7449724,0.25300258,0.000036706024,0.000005970104,0.00019364383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019218755,0.00006506433,0.0005713266,0.000021618545,0.0000072898383,0.000018101786,0.000010642629,0.4269113,0.57202953,0.00005397417,0.000066045766,0.000052918866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027155278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013706728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31902692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032826653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075047334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4105084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809049914","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2018.06.036","title":"Redundancy analysis for determination of the main physicochemical characteristics of filtration membranes explaining their fouling by peptides","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Hydrolysate; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Peptide; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Biochemistry; Mathematics; Nanoparticle; Engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.016881562499262176,"score_gpt":0.26635631776465996,"score_spread":0.24947475526539778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2809049914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98349166,0.00001612633,0.015676446,0.00022862654,0.00014996849,0.00014836928,0.000018588564,0.000008206628,0.0002619975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99231726,0.000025465579,0.007519089,0.000030028306,0.000052961685,0.0000034750378,0.000001776969,0.0000059907397,0.00004397853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816275,0.00004907765,0.00069943926,0.00020064403,0.00068884174,0.00019927675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791986,0.00023243285,0.0013076662,0.00029820416,0.00019370564,0.000048139],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015682433,0.000117884905,0.00032669018,0.00017397718,0.00021486495,0.000035019963,0.00085884414,0.00005842496,0.000075317104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011034707,0.00007921551,0.00018795504,0.0014135013,0.0015076585,0.0006295958,0.00010726881,0.00011255371,0.0000012993396],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035200515,0.00004255998,0.002255266,0.000025848129,0.000015639349,1.4771061e-7,0.0007482662,0.00019472801,0.99147296,0.00004871938,0.000039693314,0.005120984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019380667,0.00016026864,0.0072386507,0.000049211943,0.00007962816,0.000009900392,0.0004222056,0.011647818,0.97965133,0.0003823907,0.000082181185,0.0000826098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008956002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009690058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011821619,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008153049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006888789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5555031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2809524907","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.067","title":"The characteristic evolution of soluble microbial product and its effects on membrane fouling during the development of sponge membrane bioreactor coupled with fiber bundle anoxic bio-filter for treating saline wastewater","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Harbin Institute of Technology; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Anoxic waters; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Hollow fiber membrane; Wastewater; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fiber; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.008399917841052611,"score_gpt":0.21334072059569797,"score_spread":0.20494080275464535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2809524907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99782145,0.0000861443,0.00007591152,0.00059837685,0.00006344251,0.0011583185,0.000008115172,0.00015355682,0.000034657613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972192,0.00000818878,0.0021926817,0.000008763179,0.00004866023,0.00013434967,0.000006463249,0.000029743578,0.00035191816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998458,0.00004206609,0.00044266792,0.000444663,0.00021209421,0.00040049347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988604,0.00019388628,0.0003695511,0.0004972569,0.00004988797,0.000029025188],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004301386,0.0002460389,0.00030395552,0.00016868288,0.00045689257,0.000019565641,0.00042140548,0.00016858948,0.00005028482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002607479,0.00013803018,0.000037056307,0.00042410294,0.00090918597,0.000073668336,0.00025496553,0.00014188654,0.00002498978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004220681,0.00006454982,0.0015768958,0.00013370406,0.00003974447,6.20676e-7,0.00034220642,0.000015635831,0.99552596,0.000046193487,0.000009251447,0.0018231483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008037567,0.0005619853,0.006129508,0.00010063328,0.00003363871,0.000018628712,0.00015676496,0.0006575671,0.9903597,0.000019861116,0.0009851818,0.0001727375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016686161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009381742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051662447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012459068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023312488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56287074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810159685","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.015","title":"Anaerobic digestion of thin stillage of corn ethanol plant in a novel anaerobic baffled reactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Instituto Nacional del Cáncer; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Stillage; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Methane; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic exercise; Washout; Oxygen; Mesophile; Bioreactor; Waste management; Chromatography; Sewage treatment; Ethanol; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.018077614645903614,"score_gpt":0.23431525263756797,"score_spread":0.21623763799166434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810159685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98812824,0.0000099379195,0.00080250524,0.00011217815,0.000109845045,0.0005263035,0.000014904205,0.000060405015,0.010235689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487144,0.00002819353,0.0044325925,0.000038830232,0.000009811441,0.00002014015,0.000012425805,0.0000109652265,0.000575601],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870497,0.000034333214,0.00040371585,0.00030606278,0.00033287596,0.00021805582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921554,0.00003370358,0.00023666638,0.00047454043,0.00000974762,0.00002980955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003215091,0.00013966628,0.0002143416,0.00017913009,0.000024919535,0.000008464225,0.00036100263,0.00007472137,0.00038130587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004448342,0.00012795393,0.00003699562,0.000479603,0.00026170307,0.00012691901,0.00036726682,0.00007765884,0.00008750789],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023584196,0.0006650181,0.0110399695,0.00023041216,0.00007345087,0.000022623608,0.0023095396,0.0052014,0.9629706,0.006848558,0.001999804,0.008402762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021153835,0.0007684355,0.16337182,0.00028024646,0.00005294909,0.0000035653445,0.0021684032,0.008991925,0.81871086,0.00056241534,0.0025108266,0.00046316878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003130271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053455256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15233184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014401165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059965287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52178097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2811157739","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.102","title":"A review of membrane fouling and its control in algal-related membrane processes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Photobioreactor; Fouling; Biorefinery; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Biofuel; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02305838039503535,"score_gpt":0.291986618167794,"score_spread":0.26892823777275865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2811157739","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003149879,0.99526906,0.000008914127,0.0003921391,0.0000419852,0.0021294218,0.00003310889,0.0004960599,0.001314333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00061341404,0.99840105,0.00023146548,0.00013780645,0.000013616319,0.00033147002,0.000022852682,0.00006400341,0.00018431508],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965295,0.00016155718,0.0014916825,0.0009671693,0.00031066797,0.0005393741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977243,0.0002469255,0.001077005,0.0008349788,0.000047951053,0.000068865564],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007666192,0.0006124786,0.0025234043,0.00076768396,0.00007094717,0.0000121064195,0.0011833182,0.0013954738,0.000710398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020498266,0.0005011542,0.00016798534,0.0032041853,0.0010844911,0.00010155542,0.0005974697,0.0006979591,0.0003789304],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019652132,0.00020370499,0.0001250382,0.34477687,0.00021118224,0.00005729464,0.00008499219,0.000004376442,0.0007870344,0.00046700836,0.0016479733,0.6516149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004585977,0.00015376859,0.0000022456825,0.07250643,0.00035286474,0.0001738333,0.000020637413,0.000050503448,0.0011545444,0.0001286367,0.9244765,0.00052140595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020982592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003429126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92282856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013708323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091041686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883320401","doi":"10.3390/membranes8030046","title":"Concentration Polarization in Ultrafiltration/Nanofiltration for the Recovery of Polyphenols from Winery Wastewaters","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia","keywords":"Concentration polarization; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Mass transfer; Fouling; Membrane; Dimensionless quantity; Chemistry; Schmidt number; Sherwood number; Chromatography; Mass transfer coefficient; Membrane fouling; Reynolds number; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Mechanics; Turbulence; Physics","score_opus":0.013828872693386842,"score_gpt":0.23265099374986348,"score_spread":0.21882212105647664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883320401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98588985,0.00005756725,0.011034467,0.0009030532,0.00030609907,0.0007042881,0.000030807634,0.000064895736,0.0010089455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997318,0.000037974478,0.0019899579,0.0001571983,0.000110756875,0.000061096995,0.000094596064,0.000011246731,0.00021914172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998942,0.000054592554,0.00037026656,0.0002479523,0.00021361676,0.00017156938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992417,0.0002595669,0.00017300183,0.000280177,0.000026248168,0.00001928367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024767692,0.00011743475,0.00013643623,0.000038834773,0.0001221068,0.000037570127,0.00023096813,0.000100126184,0.00071091467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019243904,0.000089091904,0.000042106374,0.00030057118,0.00031245057,0.0005023387,0.000024076175,0.000051776653,0.000049787348],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009689504,0.000033039043,0.009677468,0.000010620097,0.00000982116,1.3622214e-7,0.0006940455,0.0026409896,0.9815792,0.00032351917,0.0003403264,0.0045939824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004561732,0.00012789984,0.02501373,0.000016260372,0.000016569926,7.588442e-7,0.00041905118,0.010209406,0.9611326,0.0017062239,0.0007739237,0.00012743396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079124933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087433937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020446587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054386834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018126342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7784017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883988901","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.75083","title":"Zeolites-Mixed-Matrix Nanofiltration Membranes for the Next Generation of Water Purification","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"InTech eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Zeolite; Materials science; Thermal stability; Ceramic; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.05906110827420734,"score_gpt":0.2679472243875654,"score_spread":0.20888611611335806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883988901","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.033389468,0.0013200227,0.118368134,0.0026015528,0.0034523304,0.01178377,0.00037067273,0.0013545807,0.8273595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47984475,0.00012569052,0.0024734817,0.00013127246,0.00041433403,0.00038365295,0.00025555873,0.00008726097,0.516284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835896,0.000021192893,0.0005834333,0.00044085836,0.00037819013,0.0002173372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986462,0.0001125787,0.00035192637,0.00077008415,0.000090108115,0.000029073955],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044081325,0.00029357354,0.0002601632,0.00010232548,0.00020690683,0.00007330755,0.00055036764,0.00043049647,0.0023137575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006687717,0.00018819912,0.00016285855,0.00001846148,0.0006007631,0.00015101275,0.0001377248,0.00016898825,0.0005257436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025022715,0.0000073602478,0.0000017862493,0.000060309536,0.000035898556,2.988562e-7,0.0003416373,0.000024685873,0.97808874,0.0057153017,0.0030666096,0.012632381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009719876,0.000100609745,0.0000018859823,0.0000240526,0.00005170837,0.000004260389,0.000033177912,0.00048617276,0.75440514,0.013810159,0.23080842,0.00017722226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031571526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012920654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44645527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010998091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020591295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884044775","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201800184","title":"Temperature Effects on Concentration Polarization Thickness in Thin‐Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Concentration polarization; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Composite number; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.003464131477589345,"score_gpt":0.19718848636982597,"score_spread":0.19372435489223663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884044775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957835,0.00004911806,0.0007945092,0.0014778771,0.00018492313,0.00028437344,0.0000019949948,0.00090373814,0.0005199295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705136,0.000011906226,0.0025519985,0.00020948857,0.000041522624,0.000043189193,0.00001507054,0.000021560318,0.000053900778],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988602,0.00001554118,0.00022443225,0.0004020069,0.00018486715,0.00031300052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994493,0.00007324954,0.000057177745,0.00036335344,0.00001584029,0.00004104969],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010083945,0.00020574032,0.00021200166,0.0001357479,0.000056463876,0.00002110681,0.00035312882,0.0005740012,0.00009454734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037730933,0.00020158432,0.00002945625,0.0009218828,0.00024439962,0.00015265754,0.000110092726,0.00047132233,0.00019848648],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015242455,0.00003069034,0.0015134058,0.000038467402,0.000004350077,0.0000054300285,0.0000639501,0.0036227342,0.99299103,0.0008181509,0.00018448134,0.0007120808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033921635,0.000068801,0.000953833,0.00006916035,0.0000066408265,0.000013068225,0.000013044244,0.008073147,0.988972,0.00032715983,0.00095593237,0.00020799226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017375714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033200529,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004450414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020556708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006631978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.822037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884239678","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.086","title":"Novel insights into membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor: Elucidating interfacial interactions with real membrane surface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane bioreactor; Morphology (biology); Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Bioreactor; Adhesion; Atomic force microscopy; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.016666527446596708,"score_gpt":0.25932665039729424,"score_spread":0.24266012295069753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884239678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95513517,0.000021860207,0.0016526217,0.00039571035,0.00026334135,0.0004476241,0.000003918522,0.000419474,0.041660294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97896314,0.000047603677,0.019824449,0.00012990416,0.000113631504,0.00003332425,0.000023318895,0.00005991233,0.00080473593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973845,0.00005051897,0.00061522156,0.0008942711,0.000496847,0.0005586616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862844,0.0001432118,0.0002826152,0.00074716745,0.000050378752,0.00014820546],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025829597,0.00044203375,0.0004549921,0.00005478915,0.0002801531,0.00010676998,0.00067959307,0.00023237082,0.0036901312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017337593,0.00038149083,0.00007373975,0.0010671214,0.00073918584,0.00093791366,0.000411765,0.0005451764,0.000769141],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018784433,0.00019038374,0.004206529,0.00004401819,0.00003697888,0.0000141986275,0.0032867917,0.0016509534,0.98681,0.000086224856,0.00016538255,0.0033206635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012089072,0.00018043819,0.0017210349,0.00013575425,0.000023508957,0.00003374139,0.001856375,0.006953774,0.9828496,0.00009306205,0.0044069416,0.00053688034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033883995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017711911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04085556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047052721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053551386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2884447033","doi":"10.1134/s0965545x18040016","title":"Aquaporin-Based Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology: Approaches and Challenges","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Science Series A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Aquaporin; Desalination; Biochemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Water treatment; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.031449526520981125,"score_gpt":0.23205707470891845,"score_spread":0.20060754818793733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2884447033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96493524,0.007553357,0.000464099,0.025051659,0.00011191655,0.0007652999,0.0000024409385,0.00019564386,0.0009203464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99059844,0.0005870818,0.0070785587,0.000054430933,0.000015592688,0.000114783164,0.0000011882263,0.000011302029,0.0015385958],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984434,0.000012729679,0.00016281572,0.000598714,0.00015713078,0.00062516093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995201,0.000015850444,0.000043591826,0.00031560188,0.000010289689,0.00009453213],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029725852,0.00018322437,0.0002020316,0.00037508638,0.00036162644,0.00007926226,0.0002926228,0.00009400118,0.000030324047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045414596,0.0001283549,0.000018049841,0.0005969274,0.0038892992,0.0006940195,0.00021822158,0.000035497644,0.000007797586],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005581124,0.00034285735,0.03450625,0.0003845801,0.00003982891,0.000021385436,0.009644646,0.000036185338,0.396309,0.024739023,0.0002341198,0.533184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058556034,0.000643417,0.00062045595,0.000006119744,0.000009343057,0.000007138957,0.005226915,0.0009049072,0.9801866,0.0027836747,0.008830257,0.00019565773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033591854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019751792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58387756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115812174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057005775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99882156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888126010","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.032","title":"Performance of thin-film composite hollow fiber nanofiltration for the removal of dissolved Mn, Fe and NOM from domestic groundwater supplies","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Groundwater; Composite number; Thin-film composite membrane; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Membrane; Geology; Composite material; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.03830115579655835,"score_gpt":0.30888628812878827,"score_spread":0.2705851323322299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888126010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977507,0.000035503803,0.000115757866,0.0005667156,0.000038481165,0.00043800505,0.000018162284,0.000018110877,0.0010185519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99428684,0.00003518821,0.0023867104,0.000011804145,0.00002690809,0.000040790906,0.000029582647,0.000009106933,0.0031730863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988599,0.00006079709,0.000202773,0.00021507648,0.00040459624,0.0002568634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994104,0.00013715922,0.00003851922,0.0003410014,0.00004717141,0.000025757186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006636622,0.000082184204,0.00012598613,0.000048611208,0.0002470391,0.000032911932,0.00033083127,0.00006247286,0.0008390282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036837337,0.00004468484,0.000026117641,0.00011003231,0.0012237715,0.00020288475,0.0002842722,0.000099329154,0.00017926685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025103704,0.00003488024,0.0045120106,0.000031569387,0.000015338708,9.613746e-7,0.0016229389,0.00010577014,0.99062616,0.000032136133,0.00073405594,0.0020331345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032625327,0.0003263873,0.017252916,0.000015570635,0.000007839139,0.000005170488,0.00014368125,0.010075687,0.9666816,0.00073563715,0.004359587,0.00006964776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043825322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009330543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023944546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027904589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061408446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91867703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888492444","doi":"10.1039/c8nj02701c","title":"Fabrication of anti-fouling PVDF nanocomposite membranes using manganese dioxide nanospheres with tailored morphology, hydrophilicity and permeation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Permeation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Manganese; Fouling; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011797912569464577,"score_gpt":0.2383636809190616,"score_spread":0.22656576834959702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888492444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99764,0.00013901487,0.001553948,0.00013982227,0.000025953303,0.00006093041,9.3780886e-7,0.000016345166,0.00042300663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927833,0.00005198647,0.0069596916,0.000020609123,0.00008021152,4.2598666e-7,0.0000014262083,0.00000898493,0.00009333808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913484,0.000019753363,0.00031939652,0.00015065238,0.00025532863,0.00012003065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916697,0.000027485328,0.0005169895,0.00016381807,0.000061287275,0.00006342881],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014034675,0.0001124447,0.00020489524,0.000023850067,0.000076696815,0.000016310996,0.00019533295,0.0000964856,0.0002749122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007097083,0.00009070235,0.000034024317,0.00016944777,0.00042536634,0.00026504952,0.00006245291,0.00011780804,0.00000314137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006679188,0.000023028253,0.01988,0.000031878015,0.00001596513,0.000006001309,0.0001698983,0.0015441292,0.97733235,8.6828675e-7,0.00005908478,0.0008700101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043135832,0.0000750715,0.011310155,0.000054686585,0.000033713673,0.0003856161,0.00013621408,0.0010303134,0.98625296,0.000104951665,0.00009129928,0.00009363159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009116626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047195567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008920645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005760283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026940008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36987343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888631035","doi":"10.1063/1.5025359","title":"Impact of bacterial streamers on biofouling of microfluidic filtration systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomicrofluidics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Clogging; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Microfluidics; Permeation; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01911170540555442,"score_gpt":0.27371614562013474,"score_spread":0.25460444021458034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888631035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99753636,0.00023747502,0.0004061731,0.000017980636,0.0003611524,0.0002464286,0.00008555829,0.000057484598,0.0010514118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99925345,0.00030836996,0.00025323764,0.000008330901,0.000067417095,0.0000041457483,0.000031501677,0.000014738901,0.000058829977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998832,0.000051933177,0.00043810724,0.00025346817,0.00021685107,0.0002076712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991864,0.000045560373,0.00028531835,0.00040367126,0.00003289353,0.00004613124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021932277,0.00015910326,0.0002379118,0.000115370014,0.00005938787,0.000017169044,0.0002805162,0.00015619588,0.0007956049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079466736,0.000134657,0.00010325243,0.00033819818,0.00060877757,0.000117938,0.00008226895,0.000057689438,0.00022199971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009968513,0.00007196486,0.007624644,0.000012517871,0.00002420004,3.9934517e-7,0.00012813979,0.000012902636,0.9768754,0.000053788026,0.013564301,0.0015320515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033669,0.000817481,0.007867367,0.00002912497,0.000012732498,0.0000033034241,0.00008354692,0.00009344679,0.9887829,0.000017078353,0.0018296167,0.00012673766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007088613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003117046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011907468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015918835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003944305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8711316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888790344","doi":"10.3390/foods7090144","title":"Effect of Ultrafiltration of Milk Prior to Fermentation on Mass Balance and Process Efficiency in Greek-Style Yogurt Manufacture","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Foods","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Novalait; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation; Université Laval","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Food science; Fermentation; Permeation; Skimmed milk; Lactic acid; Chromatography; Membrane; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.006352224393541717,"score_gpt":0.27220500717832447,"score_spread":0.26585278278478275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888790344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971988,0.0000054617826,0.00040251523,0.00008756636,0.00003766453,0.00044653995,0.0000047548106,0.000024180976,0.0017925235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933773,0.0000031087457,0.0005225313,0.00003318259,0.0000070655415,0.000025786883,0.0000034194077,0.0000046937375,0.00006246011],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927175,0.000042092426,0.00017225576,0.00019917956,0.0002055462,0.00010916184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996973,0.00003972861,0.00008524251,0.0001480777,0.000007160437,0.000022453942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022154412,0.00008540914,0.00012455467,0.000061733794,0.000029108218,0.0000058381193,0.00012579096,0.000059959526,0.00011080555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008800912,0.00007031145,0.000012545044,0.0002459156,0.000131192,0.00009919773,0.000020188423,0.000049755323,0.00002688727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028697003,0.00009404889,0.06375147,0.00014680701,0.0000038768594,0.0000012100047,0.001936202,0.0014968083,0.9165819,0.000028477618,0.0001282493,0.015543959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038245835,0.0019741785,0.08135883,0.000030269308,0.0000034601696,0.0000012690302,0.00006647792,0.00090874115,0.91508645,0.00009468867,0.000027890044,0.00006528621],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000314093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041340973,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017607367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035613037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043135096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28672177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888858961","doi":"10.3168/jds.2018-14430","title":"Preparation of milk protein concentrates by ultrafiltration and continuous diafiltration: Effect of process design on overall efficiency","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Novalait; Université Laval","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Permeation; Chromatography; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Cross-flow filtration; Pasteurization; Membrane; Skimmed milk; Membrane fouling; Food science; Microfiltration; Biochemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00890076642782504,"score_gpt":0.27443252312347843,"score_spread":0.2655317566956534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888858961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99441814,0.000058433303,0.0041654087,0.0000766786,0.00007861779,0.0004963295,0.000002781279,0.000012830539,0.0006907882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99855655,0.000012884158,0.0013440143,0.000015609985,0.000016703558,0.000005960444,5.5810756e-7,0.000003835222,0.000043858203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982018,0.000110866415,0.00051910133,0.00022123355,0.00077306625,0.00017393018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872565,0.0001468935,0.000777961,0.00016692007,0.00012511732,0.00005747192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014144034,0.00012057778,0.00023389298,0.00009508144,0.00013318144,0.000042353488,0.00038176743,0.000057243004,0.00005965714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065852265,0.00008810035,0.0000312865,0.0004968536,0.0016544762,0.00095895183,0.00002527027,0.000099524616,0.000005298271],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026808624,0.0000744315,0.003639869,0.000019966414,0.0000035535177,6.945109e-7,0.00065742404,0.0017435371,0.991628,0.00011632542,0.00034117055,0.001506952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004918381,0.0057858666,0.0023034927,0.0000672195,0.000009871754,0.000017083696,0.00007548268,0.0032367785,0.9876225,0.00027120652,0.000034467295,0.00008417353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007781085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024056972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005711435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055504395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008827372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60959864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888878479","doi":"10.11113/amst.v21i1.104","title":"Recent Progress in Reverse Osmosis (RO) Science and Technology","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Materials science","score_opus":0.012625993948829049,"score_gpt":0.272360040424107,"score_spread":0.2597340464752779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888878479","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9654702,0.00023754894,0.000021711821,0.020266587,0.00028854288,0.00042243974,9.568387e-7,0.00014773088,0.013144306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895338,0.00097433565,0.00927179,0.00011575307,0.000016490376,0.000030013678,7.8733926e-8,0.0000137604775,0.000044005414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961831,0.0000105724175,0.0007339352,0.00080169964,0.0013755915,0.0008951326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970038,0.000029436935,0.0011147512,0.0013815453,0.00029086787,0.00017960332],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003906443,0.00026496226,0.0005063991,0.003375426,0.0012376626,0.00023956937,0.0047675767,0.0003325775,0.00013253566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001867275,0.00022506621,0.000029974773,0.006367925,0.029824898,0.0013557221,0.0021240958,0.0008324902,0.0000743453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006584978,0.00014083544,0.024936981,0.000011667766,0.000005646194,0.00007570104,0.00016226627,0.0000630884,0.6319545,0.014053049,0.00020733358,0.32832307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013136802,0.000356259,0.012247879,0.00006908135,0.000019977417,0.00046140826,0.001196123,0.00028969938,0.9412227,0.019584587,0.02282635,0.00041225602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070389824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003461101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3279108,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006805546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046460412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97281533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889253485","doi":"10.3390/membranes8030072","title":"Submerged Osmotic Processes: Design and Operation to Mitigate Mass Transfer Limitations","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Mass transfer; Concentration polarization; Process engineering; Coalescence (physics); Bioreactor; Mechanics; Viscosity; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Physics","score_opus":0.04008605677078103,"score_gpt":0.2457981037534952,"score_spread":0.20571204698271417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889253485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8868645,0.00005865957,0.106162146,0.002490643,0.000101523096,0.0008011823,0.0000032181156,0.00026672427,0.003251432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98829645,0.0000659235,0.010258926,0.00036864472,0.000027531974,0.000113155555,0.0000042734987,0.000015096062,0.00084998185],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903494,0.000059407907,0.00017918927,0.00032273625,0.00019253495,0.00021118707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962044,0.000057732967,0.000017227525,0.00019399558,0.000027262717,0.00008337014],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021274648,0.00013168047,0.00011506082,0.000062498,0.0002334529,0.00007224201,0.00017664318,0.000066720444,0.00071770203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002482418,0.000117,0.000014563143,0.00040029705,0.00023975573,0.00034490647,0.000031721152,0.000055106924,0.00097581715],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054008586,0.00004922068,0.001100414,0.0000773299,0.000013710242,0.0000036285073,0.0036653897,0.0102072675,0.97484446,0.00027370985,0.001363655,0.008347223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035801757,0.00030483486,0.00493001,0.000019189196,0.000024606488,0.000008692511,0.00037576628,0.0055788946,0.97963524,0.0012393984,0.0072123567,0.0003129812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029487634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002749136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.101431996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028478276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017212004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889818033","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.161","title":"Effects of hydrophilic surface macromolecule modifier loading on PES/O-g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalytic membrane for phenol removal","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Photocatalysis; Chemistry; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phenol; Biofouling; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.01099064507536703,"score_gpt":0.24383651677271623,"score_spread":0.2328458716973492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889818033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9766621,0.000020068532,0.0026635197,0.00010076963,0.00021563229,0.0016817611,0.000010849315,0.0001943217,0.018450992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909548,0.000009050414,0.008078316,0.00017517449,0.000025138868,0.00003976129,0.0000031856196,0.000033225697,0.0006813125],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966824,0.000027375734,0.00039549003,0.0010792108,0.0010168549,0.0007986905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835044,0.0003079097,0.00024323401,0.00088823406,0.000046245314,0.00016395636],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000993764,0.00032329845,0.00036331508,0.000093003095,0.0005028741,0.00006839006,0.001360414,0.00009141084,0.00020584933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024816982,0.000301137,0.00008137896,0.0012184371,0.00293745,0.0002965281,0.0004128718,0.00017274756,0.00083826086],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007853397,0.000085087566,0.000019754274,0.00004825635,0.0000066008097,0.0000051359057,0.00023994526,0.011707997,0.9856169,0.0009798023,0.0002986851,0.000913301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060663815,0.00025768465,0.00007045001,0.000023489276,0.00001694125,0.000010425168,0.000084039435,0.024009535,0.9727818,0.0013836261,0.00042383155,0.00033155977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007363445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008322407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01776968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023844818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006909423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999441},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890396938","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_157","title":"Extraction of Water from Contaminated Effluents by Forward Osmosis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"˜The œminerals, metals & materials series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Clean water; Reverse osmosis; Process engineering; Contamination; Extraction (chemistry); Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.013648244123100714,"score_gpt":0.2288490810104844,"score_spread":0.21520083688738367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890396938","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9520892,0.00031842213,0.00007081927,0.00040626473,0.0015967357,0.0012071696,0.0015577091,0.00034607688,0.042407602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4884465,0.00040449083,0.0004154792,0.00016024162,0.00016940231,0.00011582771,0.001099723,0.00012466498,0.50906366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99689746,0.00015272004,0.0011250143,0.0007261479,0.0006585715,0.00044010652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791837,0.00008665479,0.00081664236,0.001050464,0.000059456128,0.00006838932],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005337199,0.0006774975,0.0010774261,0.00008833682,0.00019499335,0.00015299987,0.00079546904,0.0006178867,0.058411874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035982106,0.00043392068,0.00018137394,0.000047563346,0.0010749158,0.00061017106,0.0005324681,0.00018616604,0.0034045067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001464513,0.00002590727,0.00000773029,0.00003822787,0.00017628819,0.000005032466,0.00019360955,0.000004722901,0.96877897,0.00021863944,0.030214041,0.00019038813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000219316,0.00013336098,0.000062762396,0.00005036946,0.00020420144,0.000011050892,0.00004161471,0.000001692175,0.73604584,0.007880165,0.25496396,0.0003856508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011882397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026755425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46665606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011810861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010551121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890520616","doi":"10.1002/pat.4438","title":"Improved surface hydrophilicity and antifouling property of nanofiltration membrane by grafting <scp>NH</scp><sub>2</sub>‐functionalized silica nanoparticles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Grafting; Fouling; Surface modification; Nanoparticle; Nanocomposite; Bromide; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.009414727280933632,"score_gpt":0.22608942056072082,"score_spread":0.2166746932797872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890520616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99394625,0.0006081063,0.002257871,0.000535904,0.00010620173,0.0008883165,0.00004744867,0.0013330014,0.00027688438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99048126,0.00027838777,0.00886302,0.000039961742,0.000009616053,0.00011824811,0.000020692687,0.0000331692,0.00015563195],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801815,0.00003285763,0.00049087906,0.00066602643,0.00027871298,0.000513361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879533,0.00027528164,0.0003665969,0.00046381907,0.00005132739,0.000047656526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027619733,0.00030341605,0.000366497,0.00009254392,0.00039309158,0.00003620254,0.00037995365,0.00025693054,0.0000147232095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012627085,0.00023926796,0.00007699833,0.0005731156,0.0016831516,0.00055364775,0.00028634496,0.00015859421,0.000011899711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049695016,0.000052443942,0.00067407597,0.0000370439,0.000022860935,2.5603904e-7,0.00009336492,0.00015518002,0.93793505,0.000097677555,0.00013110678,0.06075122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007563866,0.00040880064,0.000119382996,0.000023436789,0.000025102361,0.0000054948514,0.0011352655,0.0045692157,0.9899805,0.0014072128,0.0014048895,0.0001642929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006932502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006076607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.060586926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007858652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017153701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9757064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890926022","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.027","title":"A novel antifouling technique for the crossflow filtration using porous membranes: Experimental and CFD investigations of the periodic feed pressure technique","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Canadian Bureau for International Education; University of Regina","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Drag; Permeation; Buoyancy; Surface tension; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Mechanics; Porosity; Capillary action; Filtration (mathematics); Work (physics); Chemistry; Capillary pressure; Surface force; Lift (data mining); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Porous medium; Composite material; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0884944183968675,"score_gpt":0.3594469542870605,"score_spread":0.270952535890193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890926022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9660901,0.00012184524,0.028538374,0.0010177796,0.000054178487,0.0036487244,0.000023149354,0.00007256449,0.00043327524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98772216,0.0000053955046,0.011252947,0.000030865922,0.00003110663,0.0006243666,0.0000033813396,0.000015474538,0.0003142959],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868524,0.00009828857,0.00021564748,0.00028035385,0.00042131497,0.00029916945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993334,0.00006491312,0.00005356993,0.000454304,0.00006164024,0.000032208252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012322161,0.00010585341,0.00010357343,0.00006662243,0.0010472817,0.00010860242,0.00048374783,0.00011979176,0.00016937888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016848878,0.000056565852,0.000034692348,0.00029855495,0.002411409,0.00021433397,0.0004474484,0.00021441455,0.0000067116616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001794088,0.0000306089,0.00090239116,0.000029817282,0.0000069527277,1.3842407e-7,0.0016212973,0.00019516009,0.99690896,0.00008734318,0.00008446076,0.000114914765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014254948,0.00009364559,0.00045467934,0.00002949306,0.0000072175158,0.0000220152,0.0006810698,0.004846295,0.9913515,0.00054756086,0.0017461579,0.00007782591],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060736586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051625157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021632057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054786648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032447686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88849366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891322772","doi":"10.22079/jmsr.2018.87918.1197","title":"Art to use Electrospun Nanofbers/Nanofber Based Membrane in Waste Water Treatment, Chiral Separation and Desalination","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of membrane science and research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Pervaporation; Filtration (mathematics); Desalination; Commercialization; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Nanofiber; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Interconnectivity; Process engineering; Chemistry; Polymer science; Chromatography; Permeation; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.03388500258246586,"score_gpt":0.34101739268542763,"score_spread":0.3071323901029618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891322772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99450535,0.000019153156,0.000041463798,0.003283889,0.00008561699,0.00046032039,9.693323e-7,0.000010696883,0.0015925546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501276,0.00014130308,0.001132972,0.00016073971,0.000020287724,0.000009419478,0.0000013697219,0.000008939313,0.0035122358],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99708766,0.00015742492,0.0003776912,0.00038276103,0.0014388729,0.00055558654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991714,0.00014920862,0.00008777034,0.0002379595,0.00015978211,0.00019388813],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004159821,0.0001400261,0.00023662957,0.0008029199,0.00024069553,0.00025707865,0.00032793844,0.00008581963,0.00027403262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030602288,0.000088171524,0.00003224908,0.0012239267,0.00058758585,0.0020041042,0.00014759402,0.00025736046,0.00018043391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014385744,0.00007099585,0.0069037047,0.00001185274,0.0000033856138,0.000011534145,0.0004759922,0.0015783571,0.9886522,0.00009829169,0.00015944625,0.0018903392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001035543,0.001065391,0.0076884856,0.00003656072,0.000004657315,0.00004715944,0.00021163315,0.004643368,0.98113614,0.00014008621,0.0038604464,0.00013049993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007238182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010147041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007516074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038323464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013497075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35955304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891946229","doi":"10.1017/s1431927618015155","title":"New Image Texture Analysis, and Application to Polymer Membrane Surface Morphologies and Roughness","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Surface finish; Principal component analysis; Materials science; Surface roughness; Image (mathematics); Surface (topology); Scanning electron microscope; Segmentation; Image texture; Texture (cosmology); Artificial intelligence; Standard deviation; Image processing; Computer vision; Computer science; Mathematics; Composite material; Geometry; Statistics","score_opus":0.005118882714103654,"score_gpt":0.2560777676544712,"score_spread":0.25095888494036755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891946229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93367904,0.0008644602,0.060186297,0.004711464,0.000012935185,0.00019118749,0.000016915908,0.00009564906,0.00024202222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9689378,0.00028721636,0.02721551,0.0018337832,0.000025595804,0.000008234854,0.000021094622,0.0000129706505,0.0016577985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986519,0.00004158381,0.00023163727,0.00067864964,0.00012759869,0.00026860327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993053,0.000039202347,0.000096693584,0.000424248,0.000017316726,0.0001172087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017788183,0.00021747235,0.00034411164,0.00015825806,0.00026099465,0.00013917845,0.00020278475,0.00014940304,0.00048505687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024161367,0.00019071806,0.000054522334,0.0012795123,0.00052445696,0.00022032352,0.00032623106,0.000113827715,0.0001110549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020442321,0.000009630787,0.017013999,0.0000063474,0.00017135483,0.0000016636429,0.00034732601,0.000023472681,0.97187865,0.0000125871975,0.0024542897,0.0080602355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018434969,0.000047908485,0.016272401,0.0000030342933,0.00060241844,0.000011926728,0.0002788547,0.0004573999,0.9769507,0.000091550486,0.0048395353,0.0002598891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022870055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009876864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035258725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030339977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006753129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7777257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892333132","doi":"10.1007/s10499-018-0301-z","title":"Evaluation of membrane filtration and UV irradiation to control bacterial loads in recirculation aquaculture systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquaculture International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Environment Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Ultraviolet; Bacteria; Wastewater; Irradiation; Pulp and paper industry; Aquaculture; Portable water purification; Microbiology; Chemistry; Environmental science; Biology; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.020424806954234334,"score_gpt":0.28012138387464264,"score_spread":0.2596965769204083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892333132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99021226,0.000024879657,0.0013665447,0.001083321,0.00064358086,0.00081366405,0.00003949213,0.00004920677,0.0057670595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988381,0.0000078682215,0.00046584633,0.00009727863,0.00020563984,0.0000807501,0.00013529455,0.000008393825,0.00016082061],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99795693,0.00016893142,0.00042817762,0.0003357356,0.000973955,0.00013624327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999289,0.000041896918,0.00022239426,0.0001626205,0.0002379348,0.00004618228],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001089816,0.00014196195,0.00016191565,0.00012479098,0.00005587333,0.00006519673,0.00019750443,0.000147082,0.0010006414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005838861,0.00012493391,0.00002888022,0.00028826742,0.00010372376,0.0005284911,0.000042208656,0.00009227942,0.00013962462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019219868,0.00011624807,0.016140968,0.000012700628,0.00006483991,0.000001130705,0.0023771327,0.018935377,0.94398296,0.0032785437,0.0036020298,0.011295864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005556464,0.00045459508,0.57864475,0.000144097,0.00015331872,0.000040726012,0.0008492093,0.27713358,0.11956003,0.0021736193,0.014613046,0.00067652605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039774016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010183865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82442296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033454143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023090335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892627007","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5833","title":"Customized antifouling polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes for effective removal of organic contaminants from aqueous stream","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Attenuated total reflection; Humic acid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Adsorption; Aqueous solution; Diafiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Microfiltration; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0070934083381271025,"score_gpt":0.2481606312945598,"score_spread":0.2410672229564327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892627007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.989995,0.0005557041,0.00590096,0.002208896,0.00027904857,0.00059072126,0.000024940258,0.00033728374,0.000107438595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9755862,0.0001982569,0.023976646,0.000053599582,0.00010025679,0.000022246086,0.000007216928,0.000032784843,0.000022798216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976431,0.00005183638,0.001064313,0.00047402523,0.00030431023,0.00046240937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99753684,0.00041169603,0.0012312885,0.0005807713,0.00017702876,0.00006240558],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000431248,0.00031199417,0.00092127896,0.0005424441,0.00010120504,0.000012787898,0.0010860504,0.0017067306,0.00028668376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023037372,0.00027061533,0.00019983374,0.0010559909,0.0025383674,0.00020312994,0.0002549152,0.00071781524,0.000052297954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048981514,0.00014940015,0.0006273559,0.000018066294,0.00010480986,0.00003358137,0.00004863863,0.0000029814053,0.9386717,0.0002204173,0.00019982466,0.059433382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002352434,0.0009939582,0.00009833323,0.000060286726,0.00011425549,0.0007026607,0.00025067676,0.00022743038,0.9821845,0.009213213,0.0035668977,0.00023534836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027024606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002606881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059198033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002153699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052035597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892963124","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.09.028","title":"Fabrication of novel aromatic amine functionalized nanofiltration (NF) membranes and testing its dye removal and desalting ability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Amine gas treating; Materials science; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Scanning electron microscope; Biofouling; Aromatic amine; Bromide; Streaming current; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.055090675697676374,"score_gpt":0.26830840788458576,"score_spread":0.2132177321869094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892963124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941007,0.00023718666,0.0015306083,0.000104083425,0.000050843635,0.0002127293,0.0000026052571,0.00018272737,0.003578547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95261085,0.000002543797,0.04715212,0.000039607443,0.000047752554,0.0000140854145,0.0000036308375,0.0000116609945,0.00011772786],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988037,0.000033557964,0.0003932158,0.00034759,0.000234839,0.00018710991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868125,0.00071521406,0.00031474067,0.00019164289,0.000049916354,0.00004721515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047163165,0.00013861795,0.00016641546,0.000058188598,0.00025417045,0.00003321864,0.00009791203,0.00006414994,0.000109334826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0048061865,0.0001326683,0.000013480086,0.0004933725,0.00039100077,0.00034309793,0.00012610736,0.000068784226,0.000010671493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067085293,0.000029738523,0.07458031,0.000058019603,0.000004178805,2.7937543e-7,0.00017028235,0.000030130212,0.8918898,0.00004184711,0.0000042017987,0.033184506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054339645,0.0001506456,0.26110283,0.00009881542,0.000033126977,0.00011445359,0.00016986004,0.10562458,0.63148963,0.00041074934,0.000024690125,0.00023722294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033885232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026335267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26040018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000378705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014306668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57538015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893710214","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23345","title":"Current Status and Future Prospects of Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) and Fouling Phenomena: A Systematic Review","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Activated sludge; Industrial wastewater treatment; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014437243187056028,"score_gpt":0.23792901056143792,"score_spread":0.2234917673743819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2893710214","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008512603,0.99837583,0.0000041292374,0.000054544053,0.00013059103,0.0005388002,0.000008857495,0.00000905999,0.000026905991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015020237,0.99818695,0.0001324135,0.000009985658,0.00012845012,0.000012169381,0.0000020411935,0.000022692813,0.0000032892344],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860805,0.000031280582,0.00073798664,0.00014620634,0.00021649728,0.00025996144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875706,0.000098273194,0.00058411696,0.00023676245,0.000021909647,0.00030188364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046892365,0.00024840064,0.0012356436,0.000109870525,0.00003618128,0.000031617656,0.00034444404,0.0001164286,0.00004137211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037641684,0.00014966656,0.00012577759,0.0002838345,0.00019393109,0.00008311051,0.000059180387,0.0004575217,0.000003462596],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012669606,0.0000075401954,0.000006617299,0.96873724,0.00016696454,0.000011707255,0.00022916864,0.000012576723,0.00021321673,0.00018308284,0.00015919135,0.03027145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025460625,0.000086219756,0.000004359636,0.6538206,0.0025193053,0.00069217785,0.000026554997,0.00013459063,0.0010030107,0.00006299035,0.34067747,0.00071811496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008083945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003731263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34051827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028310204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001369662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61032254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895332921","doi":"10.20897/ejosdr/3909","title":"Maximum Production Minimum Pollution (MPMP), Necessary but not Sufficient for Sustainability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Sustainable Development Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Production (economics); Sustainability; Pollution; Environmental science; Business; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Economics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.04330663914862207,"score_gpt":0.3153252500869374,"score_spread":0.27201861093831536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895332921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97973084,0.000043834527,0.005151871,0.0058307475,0.00024587265,0.0011282626,0.0000011254353,0.000060037037,0.007807388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770338,0.000019266576,0.005594957,0.00006543442,0.00024003263,0.000024457233,0.0000034571967,0.000033067412,0.01698551],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955284,0.00076864054,0.0008412967,0.00048282108,0.0013327372,0.0010460815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971701,0.00011048558,0.00034555458,0.00042884017,0.0017540941,0.00019093145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015256369,0.0001993177,0.00023253249,0.00055988797,0.0010494139,0.00015553548,0.00087845244,0.000059014914,0.00037700878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0042842287,0.00017139163,0.00007919886,0.0011730451,0.0009802675,0.0006389937,0.00073068426,0.00048445872,0.00020450441],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.01003528,0.0042899735,0.016310796,0.0021831605,0.00036714724,0.003145481,0.04293207,0.0059841224,0.1799589,0.009354598,0.4204326,0.30500588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015566873,0.0026244044,0.07471917,0.000070582624,0.000017644978,0.00014781088,0.080668345,0.0001740516,0.36204153,0.005248834,0.47215912,0.00057182665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022154898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072327903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30443403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022216595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00060847413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.807135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896149696","doi":"10.1063/1.5047480","title":"Research Update: Liquid gated membrane filtration performance with inorganic particle suspensions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Backwashing; Membrane; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.031282874656979875,"score_gpt":0.2879113346240134,"score_spread":0.25662845996703354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896149696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99593884,0.000003645808,0.000025401167,0.00077492715,0.00010905519,0.00031761537,0.000004178711,0.00021764892,0.0026086618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985129,0.00004126572,0.0004490313,0.00013006554,0.000061328414,0.00003104377,0.00001930017,0.000018408453,0.0007366327],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998506,0.00014792454,0.00024208387,0.00031568357,0.0003994639,0.00038883745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993001,0.000042413038,0.00006879046,0.00047448318,0.000052048923,0.00006212876],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007827072,0.000116783594,0.00013929696,0.00004328783,0.00034379482,0.00008991852,0.00029578374,0.000084759246,0.017796857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098055796,0.000089813664,0.000008712739,0.00054217485,0.00061158056,0.00035198822,0.00020393598,0.0000887502,0.008258403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019061525,0.000029882034,0.00035231805,0.000006042921,0.0000042723827,0.0000024888907,0.00015335283,0.000016095379,0.9969173,0.0005349489,0.0015963346,0.00019632555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022193538,0.0006175839,0.0069900276,0.000013909661,0.0000051841166,0.000016062544,0.00010649677,0.0000591044,0.98986375,0.00008350072,0.0018950388,0.00012740385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018596095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031786764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009538454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070101276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020653955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9925138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896244010","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03926","title":"Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Separation Efficiency and Desorption Kinetics in the TMA-CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O System","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Desorption; Arrhenius equation; Bar (unit); Thermodynamics; Stoichiometry; Chemistry; Kinetics; Decomposition; Activation energy; Atmospheric temperature range; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.02770948997689005,"score_gpt":0.2817602216772822,"score_spread":0.25405073170039216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896244010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979324,0.00008764693,0.000011871598,0.00043811562,0.00007869859,0.00076225365,0.000007072673,0.00010000243,0.0005819378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994278,0.00003565669,0.0000046876994,0.000013292255,0.00033615105,0.0001228727,0.0000079603315,0.000018996787,0.000032563392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979677,0.00018060488,0.00023585159,0.0004355809,0.0007460746,0.00043415863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987341,0.00065144064,0.000054786065,0.00045319443,0.00003276695,0.000073702024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015515203,0.00021397568,0.00016469294,0.00006757506,0.0002566091,0.00020724886,0.00040806227,0.00043772455,0.000009521593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009289645,0.00014825532,0.000025015433,0.00067374983,0.00035545294,0.000113266826,0.00016076631,0.0011143235,0.000036128466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034753488,0.000025743706,0.00020922745,0.00008651479,0.0000077012155,0.000006771302,0.00019138356,0.0019398724,0.9947124,0.000034965105,0.0010694047,0.0016812276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003889197,0.00015825058,0.0012209229,0.00014346161,0.000008675499,0.000022747961,0.00017340531,0.006278202,0.9908656,0.000009838699,0.0005797414,0.00015024377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000093195495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004634262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004338329,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016341568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023100987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60456765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896684188","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/20185900001","title":"Membrane surface morphology and fouling in filtration of high DOC water","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane fouling; Chlorine; Surface water; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018935093604820555,"score_gpt":0.2469076936414565,"score_spread":0.22797260003663594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896684188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98807365,0.000012939792,0.000081733204,0.00038366974,0.00006435749,0.00008911165,0.0000022034103,0.00001880727,0.011273538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867314,0.000044720466,0.001138214,0.000021253712,0.00000704682,0.0000022030422,0.0000030206147,0.0000023490936,0.00010806413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934745,0.000036823014,0.00022173564,0.00015548451,0.00012484222,0.00011366467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971795,0.000051504332,0.000075493495,0.00012651097,0.00001397768,0.000014548388],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021180077,0.00006628526,0.00015600922,0.000040331375,0.000022052185,0.0000069394537,0.00014389471,0.00007202687,0.0027670711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037056154,0.000048424296,0.000010382613,0.000087538174,0.00061711046,0.00012991394,0.000075312135,0.000049493436,0.000038179704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021803206,0.000021939024,0.058243044,0.000011690717,0.000004489415,7.8259046e-7,0.0003497845,0.00026232481,0.9370901,0.0028251596,0.00007184299,0.0010970634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020415135,0.00015757771,0.029724075,0.000010929969,0.0000032235575,0.0000018321014,0.00017909499,0.00088846474,0.9658632,0.0025063304,0.00039766813,0.00006344081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009019133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006928478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028773136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007424619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002146321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896718339","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2018.10.015","title":"Energy requirements in the separation-regeneration step in forward osmosis using TMA–CO2–H2O as the draw solution","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Water Consortium; University of Toronto; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Carbonation; Energy recovery; Osmosis; Energy balance; Work (physics); Process engineering; Forward osmosis; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Osmotic power; Energy consumption; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Thermal energy; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.023126640603198856,"score_gpt":0.26728372390419636,"score_spread":0.2441570833009975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896718339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9313466,0.00008792406,0.06335077,0.001526071,0.00009523962,0.0010142078,0.0000041193935,0.00004569949,0.0025293962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990332,0.00015916326,0.00012234654,0.00027787528,0.000050338327,0.00020348074,0.000018364082,0.000010895873,0.00012433763],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985206,0.0001653112,0.00033230285,0.00036620922,0.00037717953,0.00023837826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995903,0.000019256595,0.00014668178,0.00021715608,0.0000031828054,0.000023466495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005791766,0.00016602394,0.000108957654,0.0000617301,0.00061683357,0.000057560315,0.00019623447,0.00012495618,0.00021859058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026125983,0.000118541255,0.000025106405,0.0003443342,0.00039398108,0.00070389005,0.00010204105,0.00017008958,0.000053450138],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014720041,0.0010322562,0.042807076,0.00011099426,0.000055811433,0.00000806674,0.013409214,0.17159884,0.47401524,0.001235943,0.00020030772,0.29405427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018966651,0.00085497455,0.050489847,0.00008379274,0.00004759585,0.00009024346,0.0049904087,0.75214916,0.16689354,0.01103341,0.010692675,0.00077765674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001132678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002118451,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5805504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035261727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000086273085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4833972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897188285","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.047","title":"Recovery of phenolic compounds from the by-products of yellow mustard protein isolation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Research International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Diafiltration; Nanofiltration; Effluent; Kaempferol; Quercetin; Chromatography; Phenols; Food science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Antioxidant; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Microfiltration","score_opus":0.06242986286411876,"score_gpt":0.3252294934317894,"score_spread":0.26279963056767064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897188285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98063135,0.000028006772,0.00035028148,0.0036929424,0.00015238895,0.0003228436,0.00010221406,0.000021804737,0.0146981925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705267,0.0000104441315,0.0014336915,0.000027604992,0.00012792501,0.000024242974,0.000042554326,0.0000067103997,0.0012741553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998355,0.00012162794,0.0002292638,0.00021905242,0.0009209441,0.00015416958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921536,0.00015134728,0.000115383875,0.0003366237,0.00016013585,0.000021121388],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067807,0.0000622269,0.00008108861,0.00006594307,0.000084442676,0.000022508331,0.000749273,0.0000724278,0.0019153963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000796022,0.000046773075,0.000027564443,0.00032488673,0.00089401385,0.00019231238,0.00035699847,0.00022215334,0.00020836241],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010260307,0.00009133933,0.0022891415,0.000004693625,0.000040663672,1.673611e-7,0.00033670894,0.000034478348,0.9162229,0.0007728616,0.07750326,0.0026012196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021770666,0.0005005435,0.003925493,0.000022991937,0.0000017555432,4.3314822e-7,0.00018724402,0.0009842843,0.9544205,0.008268606,0.031410474,0.000059985887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004602669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001572325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04609278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010175904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029442945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898188104","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23375","title":"Low‐energy reverse osmosis membrane with high boron rejection by surface modification with a polysaccharide","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Surface modification; Materials science; Permeation; Attenuated total reflection; Chitosan; Chemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Composite material; Polymer; Polymerization; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005458209014623599,"score_gpt":0.17268008961379883,"score_spread":0.16722188059917523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898188104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99561715,0.000027240436,0.0026788376,0.0013821687,0.000053966596,0.00005113085,0.0000040034097,0.0000288851,0.0001566363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819297,0.000004366812,0.0015520169,0.00008990342,0.000045958506,0.0000020642208,0.0000020508196,0.00001670816,0.00009397913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992559,0.000011071916,0.00017475443,0.00011865937,0.00022256697,0.00021707772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944055,0.000026016709,0.00012176351,0.00019619841,0.000033375192,0.00018212265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001519377,0.0001134221,0.00012113027,0.00004239512,0.00008207864,0.000035470053,0.00027243243,0.00006778664,0.00015803214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004886388,0.000075496515,0.00002120538,0.0002984307,0.00019669492,0.00020098986,0.000011930849,0.00018542074,0.000010986083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040434046,0.0000061648525,0.00010352102,0.000004591633,0.000021296239,0.000006135881,0.00011913418,0.034091275,0.962995,0.00013020691,0.002164151,0.00031810152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020911107,0.000102460726,0.000083146966,0.00003796925,0.000020104326,0.00009601583,0.000020272077,0.0030692304,0.99478155,0.000038052392,0.001421223,0.00012084024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011568341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025556418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031786587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036524708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000651604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9950137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898346994","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23372","title":"Preparation of fouling‐resistant and self‐cleaning PVDF membrane via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for emulsified oil/water separation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Polymer chemistry; Polymerization; Filtration (mathematics); Radical polymerization; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.010881467198653681,"score_gpt":0.22868788070973706,"score_spread":0.21780641351108337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898346994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830012,0.000040392366,0.016314356,0.000323262,0.000078342644,0.00010851369,0.000003925065,0.000025884458,0.00010412894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973357,0.0000039616866,0.002530912,0.00003295502,0.00005772895,0.000002786699,0.0000074984296,0.000015837571,0.000012626462],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908316,0.000020692052,0.00038451518,0.00011626341,0.00017738012,0.00021797314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999563,0.00006458344,0.00007351947,0.00011008577,0.000044855566,0.0001439828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032087363,0.0001144607,0.00017465337,0.000060900613,0.00009954483,0.00003355481,0.00016557188,0.000108953325,0.000109232155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000073926036,0.00008530792,0.00004744303,0.00013991528,0.00017804457,0.00020011685,0.000011803652,0.00012548102,0.000003409204],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006448355,0.000006786408,0.00004243016,0.000019952462,0.00002340706,0.0000012038294,0.0009665759,0.0092967795,0.9891288,0.00014821414,0.000022378124,0.00027893312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035775852,0.000106000356,0.000064714775,0.000026425118,0.00003390425,0.00002615325,0.000014501144,0.0730332,0.92563,0.00007245321,0.0005355576,0.000099334524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026390466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028022646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063736424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011855496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043790104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3478756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898519525","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.058","title":"Thermal stability of hydrophilic PEO-silane modified ceramic membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Silane; Membrane; Silanes; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Contact angle; Thermal stability; Superhydrophilicity; Ceramic; Fouling; Surface modification; Cubic zirconia; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography","score_opus":0.00896532119842646,"score_gpt":0.19929453056949617,"score_spread":0.1903292093710697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898519525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997673,0.00018209708,0.00003418838,0.00006999228,0.00003279606,0.000105061794,0.000005319382,0.00009509331,0.0018024659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99966556,0.000053831765,0.00019727055,0.000009310197,0.000025817113,0.0000055233168,0.000002146295,0.000009006058,0.00003150729],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927497,0.000010117043,0.00015117197,0.00025226927,0.00013051572,0.000180934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996434,0.00007229112,0.000036822767,0.00017172219,0.0000090888425,0.00006666569],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009326614,0.00013719965,0.00020385497,0.000016648139,0.00005132603,0.000018605024,0.00010395218,0.00006776914,0.00006882111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050053604,0.000116804804,0.000027214077,0.00015459677,0.0003502241,0.000092822134,0.00013035031,0.000089844456,0.0000061104306],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014845253,0.0000292239,0.0006651982,0.00005742031,0.000008629515,4.9468423e-7,0.00020055057,0.001488607,0.99670005,0.00022358168,0.00001643168,0.00059494603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023162559,0.00009318798,0.007989846,0.000015246252,0.0000092762775,0.00000208548,0.00004597021,0.074734114,0.9161369,0.00045232265,0.00011804202,0.00017133993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007951857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000057520506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08056313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018736486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004127464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47631618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898879444","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2018.22830","title":"Fouling mechanisms in nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of high DOC and varying hardness water","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02268895736444848,"score_gpt":0.25481160930380914,"score_spread":0.23212265193936066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898879444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937162,0.000053379237,0.0042517376,0.0011271962,0.00010525613,0.0006489564,0.0000051652,0.000031282532,0.000060864626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690145,0.00032245304,0.002101535,0.000035514866,0.000017411214,0.0002147959,0.00003192331,0.000007550349,0.00036737064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935406,0.000025631114,0.00017582756,0.00020949155,0.00008983466,0.00014516675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997734,0.00003919425,0.000032660366,0.00012304918,0.00001257522,0.00001913635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011610519,0.00011868863,0.00012825915,0.000049069753,0.00015991459,0.00003118633,0.000043192245,0.000051124356,0.00008916124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003452507,0.000054619733,0.000022908056,0.00003999938,0.00011592945,0.00016448997,0.000018728306,0.000010300789,0.0000120823925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028516643,0.00060672546,0.0029871825,0.000055051813,0.00010291745,0.0000037577895,0.020243347,0.0008909676,0.8711138,0.0041915323,0.00001416781,0.09950544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012591366,0.0007528898,0.001341591,0.0000050647113,0.00003306389,0.0000031821344,0.00018385069,0.0031743122,0.98731947,0.0040914975,0.0017569944,0.00007894886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003715423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014433301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11620572,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001049781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020971743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2227328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899488457","doi":"","title":"Application and refinement of fluorescence spectroscopy for organic matter characterization in drinking water","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Fluorescence spectroscopy; Natural organic matter; Fluorescence; Spectroscopy; Environmental chemistry; Organic matter; Chemistry; Environmental science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.007116009995920476,"score_gpt":0.2312075699294034,"score_spread":0.22409155993348293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899488457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883503,0.000017803162,0.001745085,0.00025043666,0.0000502162,0.0005223099,0.000009896299,0.00001843848,0.0090355305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906147,0.00019494783,0.0025514658,0.0000040712525,0.0000054263714,0.000002755371,0.0004039613,0.000009828817,0.0062128557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994001,0.000010987903,0.00010223204,0.00024352684,0.00012764857,0.00011553475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940914,0.000007167673,0.00027968222,0.00027145466,0.000015883674,0.000016693213],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009248215,0.000103138074,0.0001920048,0.00003182199,0.00008765049,0.0000078907715,0.00026314092,0.00013366133,0.0073794117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065566055,0.00011278314,0.000027486121,0.000019012521,0.0000765724,0.00028576274,0.00006451752,0.000050867755,0.000021732243],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007701455,0.000022507837,0.0065104235,0.000107299085,0.000006528944,2.6108964e-7,0.003993802,0.0000020746375,0.97915035,0.000033306384,0.00004112223,0.01005532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029912815,0.00005501976,0.7248058,0.000061267405,0.000025070143,2.1509204e-7,0.0015598333,0.00025489306,0.27225652,0.00004439832,0.00050481455,0.00013303505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009628739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.038622458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7182954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018263028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007933184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99696624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899532379","doi":"10.1007/s11356-018-3607-5","title":"Influence of microalgae wastewater treatment culturing conditions on forward osmosis concentration process","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca; Agència per a la Competitivitat de l’Empresa; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Chlorella vulgaris; Forward osmosis; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Environmental engineering; Fouling; Dewatering; Hydraulic retention time; Sewage treatment; Nutrient; Osmosis; Portable water purification; Biofuel; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Waste management; Agronomy; Botany; Algae; Membrane; Biology","score_opus":0.02638808842021399,"score_gpt":0.3312122557369357,"score_spread":0.3048241673167217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899532379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959816,0.00001191385,0.0000027766448,0.0005147096,0.000020371057,0.0003944906,0.000023241862,0.000024355673,0.0030265676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993382,0.000087206274,0.00006855266,0.0000679355,0.000017038432,0.000049201324,0.000005172349,0.0000047838525,0.0003618805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798506,0.0000594917,0.00018831999,0.00041735094,0.00095138955,0.00039840926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995354,0.000025562062,0.0000619034,0.00024265738,0.000018188472,0.00011633497],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006307127,0.00011140215,0.000096531294,0.00010455823,0.0008101042,0.00004660768,0.00027221092,0.00005682386,0.00064438063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007304084,0.000086065134,0.00001905532,0.0005421707,0.0055756755,0.0005462369,0.00015631483,0.00009703818,0.000450992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025380139,0.00010557981,0.011698431,0.0000033912986,0.0000031050613,6.890335e-7,0.0012892034,0.0013131646,0.9835396,0.00016836246,0.00013903421,0.0017140984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021316958,0.00059470907,0.17713086,0.000012316203,0.0000028199818,0.000003820174,0.0006541948,0.0003171834,0.8198391,0.00028811803,0.0008577403,0.000085969856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014367576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022440343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16543242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000539226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003397551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899585173","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2018-0007","title":"Prediction of maximum permeate flux (%) of disc membrane using response surface methodology (RSM)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Education, India","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Inlet; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Regression analysis; Polynomial regression; Permeation; Materials science; Central composite design; Mechanics; Mathematics; Engineering; Chemistry; Statistics; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.047592148210890334,"score_gpt":0.2486886399952369,"score_spread":0.20109649178434658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899585173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98061335,0.00010165444,0.018240219,0.00011442261,0.0003595139,0.00006305798,0.000018163766,0.000012839508,0.0004767656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98893315,0.000007818102,0.010915365,0.000008264021,0.000036291025,3.076128e-7,6.1831935e-7,0.000014851233,0.00008333946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892926,0.000099862234,0.00044769805,0.00010660058,0.00018159953,0.00023498893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991926,0.00013082965,0.00024696655,0.00019650963,0.000054073607,0.00017899626],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011152396,0.00010727845,0.00026225796,0.00023503418,0.000045903475,0.000007719501,0.0002642875,0.00009798711,0.001221091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070842914,0.00010495527,0.000066721695,0.0003215972,0.0002620725,0.00020787952,0.000028256776,0.00015506061,0.000006144974],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048414397,0.0000038042085,0.0027323728,0.000020088108,0.000021960162,0.0000127890125,0.0005088264,0.17559119,0.820697,0.00002770738,0.00017426016,0.00016156769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048495654,0.00044950808,0.03010944,0.00015448566,0.000056738274,0.00031582807,0.0003211623,0.028911933,0.93566054,0.00024483103,0.0031018658,0.00018872255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010202857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0102512995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14667925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020553652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014195943,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899715998","doi":"10.1111/hdi.12698","title":"Comparison of biocompatibility in polysulfone dialysis membranes with different sterilization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hemodialysis International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Medicine; Biocompatibility; Sterilization (economics); Hemodialysis; Membrane; Dialysis; Biomedical engineering; Surgery; Materials science; Metallurgy; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025740369757768698,"score_gpt":0.2994560925752742,"score_spread":0.2737157228175055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899715998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98889506,0.0000060090993,0.0044363826,0.00022526509,0.00010156342,0.000156355,0.000008933146,0.00004960526,0.0061208396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984317,0.0000073757915,0.0012975691,0.00003159826,0.00004303475,0.000022602106,0.000046497575,0.00000813303,0.00011151099],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998426,0.00006964401,0.00048252358,0.00034621998,0.0005315838,0.00014401153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992703,0.00006600106,0.00024599076,0.00033726767,0.000048072343,0.000032327047],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018616392,0.00013965326,0.0003110903,0.00020716318,0.000044858654,0.000022445427,0.00037162242,0.00006708394,0.005293868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009831956,0.00011102642,0.000059647384,0.0005192927,0.00041367847,0.000200495,0.0001547406,0.00007180311,0.000072551666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014194517,0.00033795353,0.9448722,0.0000075041353,0.000043986227,5.240683e-7,0.0006444296,0.0026499263,0.04574331,0.00011753112,0.0000812751,0.005359388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006297746,0.000120696044,0.4417792,0.00001362301,0.00003161888,8.9265257e-7,0.0002158673,0.043140255,0.51319313,0.00032699463,0.00037296434,0.00017498685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002769279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026070832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50309306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001567667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007911716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9956154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900646682","doi":"10.11113/amst.v4i1.43","title":"Polymeric Hollow Fibers: State of the Art Review of Their Preparation, Characterization and Applications in Different Research Areas","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Reverse osmosis; Fabrication; Materials science; Fiber; Membrane technology; Phase inversion; Characterization (materials science); Gas separation; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01997166747931649,"score_gpt":0.30529132158701605,"score_spread":0.28531965410769955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900646682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99360985,0.00029474066,0.00034020568,0.0025438163,0.000045635916,0.00074202265,0.000005244638,0.000015356949,0.002403146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960971,0.0035011705,0.00022206493,0.00003550054,0.000008035697,0.00004233178,9.499226e-7,0.0000059844783,0.00008688489],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810237,0.0000378333,0.00066583237,0.00026974393,0.0006735091,0.0002506884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99761283,0.00006368582,0.0012341327,0.0009211676,0.00012213684,0.00004602894],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016932187,0.00012442123,0.00037195152,0.0005191468,0.00034310986,0.000033100627,0.0017007454,0.00006833708,0.000042655556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036087094,0.00007645391,0.000045015382,0.0015707327,0.0040908707,0.0003583534,0.0005800008,0.00033539257,0.0000044930784],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023837056,0.00008166475,0.005093874,0.00014005344,0.0000047953718,3.552838e-7,0.00016882046,0.000044221724,0.97066164,0.0011570222,0.000028206257,0.022595493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022398386,0.00009597338,0.053714287,0.00039309615,0.000009228928,0.000015687216,0.00017996498,0.00007170794,0.94007534,0.0033244125,0.0018149499,0.000081368205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000071759173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001870334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048620414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009949592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010227051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99861944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900910555","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.043","title":"A unified thermodynamic mechanism underlying fouling behaviors of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in a membrane bioreactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Particulates; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.09722850843171767,"score_gpt":0.34827925340192134,"score_spread":0.2510507449702037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900910555","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996952,0.000004351515,0.00007831162,0.00052746804,0.00009454462,0.0005988566,0.0000022760275,0.00006950965,0.0016726957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99783224,0.000008058608,0.0010287771,0.000010736365,0.00001874024,0.00003871047,0.000008153896,0.00002295272,0.0010316566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978821,0.00017305397,0.00028991172,0.00046033395,0.0005538683,0.0006407181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993293,0.000021864764,0.00004096312,0.0005090165,0.000051080275,0.000047735295],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015187843,0.0001274619,0.00017594054,0.00029384528,0.00015004555,0.00004146155,0.000576906,0.00013338173,0.0010586547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009491549,0.00009584095,0.000028636161,0.0006209382,0.00064427604,0.00021576013,0.000554176,0.00032896744,0.00057469896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004999983,0.00008744732,0.0004519375,0.000023743216,0.000003860405,0.000007839748,0.0016580465,0.000017227832,0.99676937,0.0002676043,0.00004693912,0.0006159658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032614666,0.00017103324,0.000761887,0.000025227404,0.000002667957,0.000004082303,0.0003436356,0.0008638346,0.99499935,0.0022021637,0.000179278,0.00012066632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021195458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010875664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019345594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020400467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030830626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901208649","doi":"10.1002/jctb.5872","title":"Characterization of transport through polymers for fracking fluid treatment and organic acid concentration in extractive membrane bioreactors","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Permeation; Polymer; Ionic bonding; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011366630215019725,"score_gpt":0.2504402588406003,"score_spread":0.23907362862558057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901208649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920483,0.00012532796,0.0036118235,0.0035852925,0.00009553651,0.00035479688,0.000010911463,0.00010805005,0.00005991016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99549013,0.000539997,0.0038464395,0.000045073226,0.000028273178,0.000016053853,0.000008922288,0.000018119576,0.00000696793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984841,0.000018090686,0.00074571726,0.00032380037,0.0001253126,0.00030302684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891424,0.000051916908,0.0006825417,0.00026256402,0.000055335004,0.000033393077],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016295056,0.00021483179,0.000511735,0.0002951017,0.000043748874,0.0000050101316,0.0003430498,0.0010026335,0.00016506611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021033453,0.00018514419,0.00007411578,0.00079050387,0.0016937627,0.00031914163,0.000063371415,0.0003057112,0.000004107307],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013916685,0.00014419676,0.004042786,0.000008978714,0.0000374591,0.000004284436,0.00020815902,4.711764e-7,0.97498596,0.00065725483,0.0000033533481,0.019767944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011280904,0.00097287766,0.00097457174,0.000033186614,0.000044303142,0.00010910427,0.00024000571,0.00004461844,0.99319386,0.0018688611,0.0012430582,0.00014744843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013832934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016167645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019620495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024505844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003919929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77332276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901749563","doi":"10.11113/amst.v10i1.72","title":"Recent Advances in Thin Film Composite (TFC) Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes for Desalination","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Interfacial polymerization; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Fouling; Materials science; Cellulose acetate; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Engineering; Monomer","score_opus":0.013457650740218718,"score_gpt":0.27673203130825647,"score_spread":0.26327438056803776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901749563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9801864,0.0009400966,0.0017199189,0.0075451746,0.00038683086,0.0008061908,0.000004488258,0.00010391041,0.008307012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97462904,0.007030105,0.018119885,0.00010621588,0.000022880753,0.000039258353,9.823575e-7,0.000011525918,0.000040090043],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980349,0.000015226397,0.00061440904,0.0004323276,0.0005205264,0.0003825912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982155,0.000081947794,0.0010111361,0.00051251374,0.00010087611,0.00007800619],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017358105,0.0001891962,0.00036469876,0.00075615797,0.0007157421,0.00014138457,0.0012691361,0.00020918013,0.0000570113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000687802,0.00016414783,0.000042179156,0.0008353368,0.0022670403,0.0017063844,0.00021933806,0.00028739497,0.00001169807],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016290093,0.00007585111,0.0015516632,0.000041055646,0.0000046186924,0.000004815501,0.0002195152,0.0046779294,0.8917848,0.00559488,0.000053229232,0.095828764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012321307,0.00023158516,0.0023513928,0.000049119324,0.00002092647,0.00007451431,0.00066162704,0.0021158198,0.9385905,0.020198295,0.034239545,0.00023449863],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007115268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008529337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.095594265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022693607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007305296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8353005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901956196","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.015","title":"Crossflow electrochemical filtration for elimination of ibuprofen and bisphenol a from pure and competing electrolytic solution conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Electrolyte; Buckypaper; Chemistry; Sorption; Bisphenol A; Filtration (mathematics); Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Degradation (telecommunications); Effluent; Contamination; Membrane; Bisphenol; Wastewater; Electrode; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.01016618502476158,"score_gpt":0.2583680317813385,"score_spread":0.24820184675657692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901956196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920556,0.000054054435,0.0071669575,0.00036274834,0.00008077801,0.00019964456,0.000027435559,0.000014769078,0.00003799523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918459,0.000040872947,0.00794376,0.00003251047,0.000095783435,0.000008202794,0.000015028987,0.000006885797,0.000011057566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991768,0.000041388987,0.00038930916,0.000112458016,0.00015389627,0.00012616388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929637,0.00009062123,0.0004458179,0.000073019764,0.0000654558,0.000028717219],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036132496,0.00007975983,0.00019913493,0.000046018275,0.00011244917,0.000050424882,0.000082251936,0.000082529514,0.00019342206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025797385,0.0000699337,0.000022054883,0.000057422032,0.00021990901,0.00023936991,0.000033948643,0.000050042807,0.0000036812387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012478513,0.00002097809,0.00030935148,0.00001297063,0.000011452438,3.2446866e-7,0.00017816864,0.0000030642602,0.99838203,0.00014850755,0.00026347314,0.00054488616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048917026,0.00048864697,0.007958952,0.000032559434,0.000039240527,0.00003832772,0.00008164284,0.00046430144,0.9854027,0.0048796195,0.000057711957,0.000067139],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000150309315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018804074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012979349,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050401406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016245005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28518134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902769815","doi":"10.1111/wej.12417","title":"A comprehensive experimental and artificial network investigation of the performance of an ultrafiltration titanium dioxide ceramic membrane: application in produced water treatment","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Turbidity; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Ceramic; Titanium dioxide; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Taguchi methods; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering; Metallurgy; Geology","score_opus":0.013741064690354049,"score_gpt":0.21558715086184066,"score_spread":0.2018460861714866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902769815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994017,0.000016658274,0.000058773094,0.0001882883,0.00003645217,0.00026328536,8.141065e-7,0.0000055627947,0.000028459011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99944866,0.000069011774,0.0003705039,0.000026575544,0.000042783588,0.000015409405,0.000007148051,0.0000056160147,0.000014265873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992266,0.00005114585,0.00026158371,0.0001653112,0.00015397256,0.00014133827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997366,0.0000051609068,0.00007771355,0.00014461542,0.0000035104865,0.0000323942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014608742,0.000097181204,0.00011043118,0.000023961366,0.00012811436,0.000013116874,0.00007615775,0.000044119894,0.000068221736],"category_scores_gemma":[8.7119446e-7,0.0000526489,0.000016107302,0.000033794946,0.00040834342,0.00027803375,0.000051837804,0.000060954146,0.000007934406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047235506,0.000040661977,0.027053453,0.0000049067676,0.0000046772984,1.7183682e-7,0.0017019841,0.0028219032,0.96718866,0.000006363408,0.0000019287547,0.0011280574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002496988,0.0003759981,0.068533234,0.0000069995167,0.000008157934,0.000020543175,0.00017462773,0.002052218,0.92822754,0.00021164873,0.00007587245,0.0000634469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036172634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012308164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04147978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007710453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002476116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21469598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903612572","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.012","title":"Effect of humic acid concentration on pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) rejection by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Chemistry; Membrane; Fouling; Humic acid; Chromatography; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Membrane fouling; Adsorption; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010413248501006042,"score_gpt":0.30082674583667574,"score_spread":0.2904134973356697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903612572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97499335,0.00008553226,0.0020691622,0.0013444433,0.00020024391,0.0009660842,0.000032660522,0.0004930982,0.019815398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989567,0.00013978551,0.00019941237,0.00009884286,0.000033709723,0.00009861264,0.00015206926,0.000016534927,0.00030435104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982526,0.00021508879,0.00045756402,0.0005404235,0.00029953843,0.00023479652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894714,0.00014649647,0.00039271792,0.00038638597,0.00006834958,0.00005893495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042944134,0.00023988023,0.00029742823,0.00017409818,0.0002730481,0.00003529368,0.0001961286,0.0003461573,0.00041644325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002285068,0.00022214263,0.000041892785,0.00068224134,0.0007093284,0.00035132017,0.000045641656,0.00020967664,0.00023558417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004658747,0.00007136686,0.0018069191,0.000018044937,0.00002166976,2.577983e-7,0.0001446284,0.00002256386,0.95891505,0.0030623074,0.0019043188,0.033566993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008591767,0.0016167016,0.0021887652,0.000014081629,0.000035909798,0.0000071502004,0.00004956501,0.0031103988,0.9798306,0.00034550982,0.011746196,0.00019594491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021492937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026403708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03337105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016433571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014524437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90587133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903881832","doi":"10.2175/193864718825137746","title":"Full scale wastewater recovery and reuse projects in several of PepsiCo food manufacturing facilities in Mexico, utilizing state of the art technologies that include Membrane Bioreactor and Reverse Osmosis.","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater reuse; Reuse; Wastewater; Waste management; Scale (ratio); Engineering; Environmental science; Business; Membrane; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.014480902191552254,"score_gpt":0.19026557834973162,"score_spread":0.17578467615817936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903881832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978546,0.000014314985,0.0000031183183,0.0011954342,0.000029635994,0.00061906315,0.000009704292,0.000025616617,0.00024854566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998755,0.00014929612,0.0007676777,0.00001791439,0.000002736803,0.000032850137,0.0000013808054,0.000010030046,0.0002631616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987627,0.000022331502,0.0003821274,0.00031064957,0.00030518736,0.00021700544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950486,0.000019555055,0.00022319512,0.00023323474,0.0000059986896,0.00001316456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003826231,0.0001731595,0.00022505978,0.00010027009,0.00010749221,0.00003564454,0.00033053712,0.00009956601,0.000026733564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054711687,0.00009418932,0.000034860932,0.000075427655,0.0007573527,0.0005601478,0.0011796724,0.00014104022,0.000002696189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011906164,0.000050132196,0.07400058,0.00013411485,0.000009299707,7.660687e-8,0.0051602153,0.00017396508,0.91965026,0.000005054586,0.00004630781,0.0006509314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031707986,0.00018706766,0.031480525,0.000096281714,0.000007841681,0.0000034061636,0.0025298176,0.00016390039,0.9633474,0.0015932755,0.00015992577,0.000113515984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078761186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022008951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043697104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000108055116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033658666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3840929},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904329901","doi":"10.2175/193864718825138132","title":"Characterization of Fouling of Tertiary Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008521824912111094,"score_gpt":0.1938988151643607,"score_spread":0.1853769902522496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904329901","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976253,0.0000021470114,0.00027608473,0.00052410626,0.0000514158,0.00028088928,0.0000021838257,0.00001954001,0.0012183167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988453,0.00002102783,0.0006732724,0.00003435946,0.000022773276,0.000012655807,0.0000053912313,0.000009305965,0.0003759073],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902415,0.00000796952,0.00036823997,0.0001732749,0.00030997882,0.00011636777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999552,0.000005940615,0.00029076182,0.00012156709,0.00001569647,0.00001404216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002163332,0.000098930745,0.0001337506,0.000034751876,0.00010263593,0.000013130581,0.00024148075,0.00006620799,0.0005320742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020565523,0.00005669331,0.000046194036,0.000064299435,0.00036332308,0.00034342965,0.00023136447,0.00004427599,0.000029578201],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001785073,0.000042782707,0.024237517,0.000044857505,0.0000070278866,9.8184545e-9,0.0007932229,0.00005075199,0.9740393,0.000045997578,0.000018983957,0.0007017092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012373035,0.000067655834,0.026617324,0.000020492738,0.000014477325,9.981673e-7,0.000069287424,0.00089146174,0.97132194,0.00044700733,0.00035863812,0.000067012224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001216354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017501371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002717373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035231402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016315951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5825839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905091597","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.076","title":"The state of desalination and brine production: A global outlook","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1870,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"Global Affairs Canada; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Government of Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Water scarcity; Environmental science; Surface runoff; Water resources; Water supply; Environmental engineering; Scarcity; Water resource management; Environmental protection; Natural resource economics; Ecology","score_opus":0.021082170044754725,"score_gpt":0.2717486054525517,"score_spread":0.250666435407797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2905091597","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06851854,0.9227696,0.000037126796,0.0017118112,0.0008439455,0.0031877444,0.000046572826,0.0000503549,0.002834288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.012005482,0.9841422,0.00025579965,0.0000045265547,0.00003053899,0.000052069066,8.466918e-7,0.000011104442,0.0034974748],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978527,0.00013269793,0.00046108107,0.00040813963,0.0008961725,0.00024925015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981071,0.00006162314,0.0006653773,0.001122569,0.000007939048,0.00003543597],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017036443,0.00020380874,0.00032331425,0.000021838903,0.00049116934,0.00003405935,0.0014623625,0.000047268648,0.00005719856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021079912,0.00008756803,0.00011767908,0.0005208166,0.009168235,0.00015123641,0.0016552217,0.0001372438,0.000090188114],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009889042,0.00006845595,0.000007316127,0.00031630383,0.000039736555,2.2039318e-7,0.0002235629,0.003632156,0.0006345652,0.00043264058,0.00042566683,0.99420947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007774444,0.0013177054,0.013059073,0.0043103183,0.0017435981,0.0006683134,0.00059151795,0.0027387198,0.049637966,0.034773163,0.88812375,0.0022584158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044769455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050629733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99195105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032133126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049562706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99352825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2905113013","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.8b01058","title":"Characterization of the Evolution of Crystallization Fouling in Membranes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Crystallization; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Moisture; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Crystal (programming language); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.010954482340187208,"score_gpt":0.22520641795826452,"score_spread":0.21425193561807732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2905113013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959818,0.000006401138,0.0019987656,0.000113312984,0.00006586504,0.00014203833,0.000001985194,0.000019900883,0.0016698936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996619,0.0000104580195,0.00015415878,0.00001543966,0.0000102659205,0.0000045726756,0.0000032289886,0.000003913752,0.00013606534],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994485,0.000028943245,0.00019406722,0.000097927186,0.00015922223,0.000071359325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962044,0.00001376326,0.00015073655,0.00019333974,0.000015408345,0.000006335875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013594507,0.0000448181,0.00006982566,0.000045342873,0.000032349213,0.0000034409811,0.0001780053,0.000050812774,0.00006155946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001079722,0.00003465238,0.000014848968,0.00050682155,0.00020536318,0.00019097328,0.00008551209,0.00003225834,0.000015113788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056942526,0.000016162361,0.03852632,0.000010616897,9.854723e-7,2.940682e-8,0.00025553102,0.00028999304,0.95984405,0.0005343278,0.0000064105657,0.00050987536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009873971,0.000023353807,0.21399288,0.000016697108,0.0000023533719,4.1605446e-7,0.00007610993,0.0011645419,0.78356767,0.0007579223,0.00026280285,0.000036520185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013127452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019360897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17627639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007501111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008488118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14130831},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907204502","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.047","title":"Reversibility of membrane performance and structure changes caused by extreme cold water temperature and elevated conditioning water temperature","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Conditioning; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Permeability (electromagnetism); Membrane permeability; Shrinkage; Chemistry; Membrane structure; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.031716296341334126,"score_gpt":0.279147072319665,"score_spread":0.24743077597833088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907204502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973646,0.000034625245,3.6840322e-7,0.0017899825,0.0000444398,0.0004901874,0.000052887102,0.00006113489,0.00016180628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953111,0.000068296285,0.000063541804,0.00008974827,0.00003662314,0.000022292412,0.00013139073,0.00001898237,0.004258045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978121,0.00018180691,0.00021396135,0.0005677585,0.00057409314,0.0006502803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993183,0.000018479015,0.000022481983,0.00043784498,0.00010183967,0.00010104459],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008698203,0.00019967459,0.00023272449,0.000117845164,0.00050789415,0.0001137037,0.00027418643,0.00029367648,0.003162359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032797398,0.00010504849,0.00001610788,0.00017122332,0.0014366641,0.00035992824,0.00053663366,0.0005099472,0.00009188139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000614421,0.000020627858,0.004252809,0.00010003294,0.000013526904,0.0000043748423,0.0019685377,0.000004387921,0.9902401,0.000003926398,0.0032816199,0.00004860993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004545043,0.0002990594,0.0021378016,0.000027637467,0.0000060786056,0.000012196327,0.00019706138,0.00007253113,0.9914535,0.000107694344,0.005060232,0.0001716608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010690227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001477991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004096239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007180265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060155967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908210887","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.010","title":"Novel insights into membrane fouling caused by gel layer in a membrane bioreactor: Effects of hydrogen bonding","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Hydrogen bond; Layer (electronics); Membrane reactor; Materials science; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Molecule","score_opus":0.00826018510005714,"score_gpt":0.22489398611577688,"score_spread":0.21663380101571975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908210887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99603206,0.00044179152,0.000153548,0.0005587724,0.0000926315,0.00082985655,0.000003961694,0.0005983558,0.00128904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99813586,0.000051054692,0.0011881193,0.000096252916,0.000009263927,0.00007083828,0.000011940001,0.00004874966,0.00038791937],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976356,0.00004560906,0.0005843025,0.0007657824,0.00040447921,0.00056423433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984852,0.00018450795,0.0003115719,0.00093172136,0.000012924501,0.000074090574],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021853174,0.00036406066,0.0005938507,0.0007514554,0.000071164504,0.000015043258,0.0009474665,0.0007489278,0.00022197649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026539777,0.0003394037,0.00008810169,0.0016789264,0.00058688544,0.00018899115,0.0006181402,0.00045007534,0.00043377592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002069955,0.00015931831,0.025422188,0.00009084219,0.000022238537,0.0000112379585,0.00042484832,0.00015182052,0.9715783,0.00074506423,0.00011728832,0.0012561508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013587511,0.0001922997,0.0015500212,0.000073955875,0.0000175456,0.0000089581235,0.00027686983,0.0009651954,0.98261166,0.00043586473,0.012143376,0.0003655231],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005083064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020402548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023872165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025967072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017760176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910206228","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2018.1564072","title":"How microwaves can help to study membrane ageing","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Université Libanaise; CHIST-ERA; Université de Rennes 1; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Ageing; Membrane; Fouling; Service life; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.007166521016557148,"score_gpt":0.21010702237063247,"score_spread":0.20294050135407532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2910206228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99136406,0.000034856323,0.00008627711,0.0047374056,0.00014226144,0.0013147655,0.000010193943,0.00055061013,0.0017595667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99172974,0.000016879028,0.0022583385,0.00030358587,0.000012871206,0.00011588922,0.0000072269468,0.000041123978,0.005514375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979817,0.000045062465,0.0002475625,0.0008208042,0.00037180452,0.0005330198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987793,0.00002448486,0.00010200028,0.0009994636,0.0000011541723,0.00009359654],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012261728,0.00030561897,0.0003074091,0.0002389407,0.00014656116,0.000047667723,0.00084162643,0.00023143065,0.003199895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003928669,0.00030105934,0.000055079076,0.00051102694,0.00031276373,0.0001832232,0.0011924676,0.00031497687,0.005113095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001123768,0.00023614113,0.12117285,0.0000027608946,0.000020850646,0.000048293634,0.00030647768,0.000097404,0.85951847,0.00006853904,0.00019584452,0.018321147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008143405,0.00082821527,0.059689235,0.0000061669207,0.000017778744,0.000046297864,0.00782465,0.000031614876,0.9126485,0.0005626811,0.017004007,0.0005265103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041276166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008945752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06148362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030200928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033433835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911257503","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.065","title":"Determining binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to CTABr micelles using semi-equilibrium dialysis techniques","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Environment Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Micelle; Partition coefficient; Pyrene; Phenanthrene; Environmental chemistry; Membrane; Binding constant; Bromide; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Aqueous solution; Binding site","score_opus":0.008670886698731776,"score_gpt":0.2269085666181833,"score_spread":0.2182376799194515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911257503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970311,0.00004291629,0.00015080784,0.00010555311,0.0000739949,0.0004674999,0.000009698826,0.00007990709,0.0020385592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99551505,0.000059251088,0.003920341,0.00014217108,0.000011451307,0.000022752534,0.000011577716,0.000020834432,0.00029654836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985767,0.00007615815,0.00040944578,0.00043476938,0.00016914282,0.00033377061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992767,0.0001147981,0.00018334323,0.00033043372,1.5385703e-7,0.000094583236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002286767,0.0002112946,0.00034681527,0.00012447397,0.000110829904,0.000010192303,0.00024302962,0.00020113979,0.0006908004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024345665,0.00021164055,0.00008287641,0.00017580576,0.00032436277,0.00019683853,0.0004792315,0.00013996042,0.0002472868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002091602,0.00005041559,0.13320397,0.0000054849866,0.0000214465,0.0000023437262,0.00028544402,0.00021108049,0.8629253,0.0000019041203,0.000012736101,0.0032589782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044517388,0.00041425292,0.08290691,0.000045322075,0.00007830414,0.000052185304,0.0008149462,0.004973012,0.9077535,0.00023782114,0.0017697454,0.0005088021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003125395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027340127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05029706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019541325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005226138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8630451},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911748622","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2019.01.014","title":"Recent advances in thin film composites membranes for brackish groundwater treatment with critical focus on Saskatchewan water sources","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Groundwater; Brackish water; Desalination; Scarcity; Water scarcity; Water resources; Leachate; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Water resource management; Environmental planning; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane; Geology; Chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.030373878490405133,"score_gpt":0.3016627621441352,"score_spread":0.27128888365373005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911748622","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011142691,0.9858352,0.000036419842,0.00045455416,0.00025749233,0.0011488501,0.000035125006,0.000023231898,0.0010664646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008397764,0.9897367,0.0011757365,0.000057799956,0.00007409947,0.00006640849,0.000010620271,0.000033653847,0.00044723277],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966261,0.00019458652,0.0009824253,0.0006585708,0.0009277431,0.00061061804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984288,0.00060179416,0.00054933736,0.0002865997,0.000005335031,0.00012808925],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006369604,0.0005676302,0.0013452495,0.00025234744,0.00024541715,0.00015840243,0.0008890088,0.00022195064,0.0014456213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029216748,0.00027997923,0.00033740565,0.00021907355,0.0013477554,0.0009766934,0.00013492785,0.00032044612,0.00022408404],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014809433,0.0009275121,0.0008560949,0.00083096675,0.00006377963,0.000039739425,0.000624554,0.00302716,0.00028572895,0.000014122602,0.00010966204,0.99307257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073254993,0.006440315,0.0000550426,0.0013903439,0.00023603023,0.0002015822,0.00093967107,0.000040490453,0.004450595,0.00036517717,0.9846101,0.000538111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022659538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021379456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99253446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00078432524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000545995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912828122","doi":"10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.81.1","title":"Rubber Processing Effluent Treatment with Chitosan: A Natural Biopolymer in Comparison with a Synthetic Coagulant","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Chitosan; Effluent; Biopolymer; Chemical oxygen demand; Biochemical oxygen demand; Flocculation; Turbidity; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Chloride; Natural rubber; Synthetic rubber; Coagulation; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.004076496847210692,"score_gpt":0.2067176992303765,"score_spread":0.2026412023831658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912828122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974164,0.00001868525,0.0004970399,0.0005324492,0.000011385688,0.00010661233,0.000003967578,0.00001099769,0.0014024641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983498,7.401965e-7,0.001512993,0.00002895435,0.000015152836,0.000019418085,0.000014201718,0.0000059675094,0.000052804873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994185,0.0000033681886,0.00011790855,0.00019746592,0.00016086573,0.000101900645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997604,0.00001096019,0.000108343345,0.000098418976,0.000003961655,0.000017923674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000012756737,0.000111802874,0.00013246898,0.0000110483625,0.0000140518705,0.000020456515,0.00011091835,0.000015441317,0.000066884575],"category_scores_gemma":[5.379994e-7,0.0000797217,0.000017061893,0.00004834047,0.00014462412,0.00010475056,0.00003876982,0.00006317129,0.000004281328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007930333,0.00012691585,0.26520735,0.000015562482,0.000035390516,0.0000016066068,0.000113910406,0.0033444895,0.71864885,0.000011409506,0.000007482773,0.012407725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008721344,0.000067139124,0.011808511,0.00008301461,0.000010200027,0.000006548912,0.00013005323,0.0027042096,0.9837701,0.0000069730486,0.00040534828,0.00013580335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050820207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003030202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26512122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052907348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000089911655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32509565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912945263","doi":"10.1007/s12668-019-0600-5","title":"Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate/Polyaziridine Blended Flat Sheet Membranes for Dialysis Application","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioNanoScience","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; National University of Sciences and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Contact angle; Bovine serum albumin; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Dialysis tubing; Urea; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Regenerated cellulose; Chemistry; Cellulose; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012228781437411462,"score_gpt":0.24049515909710753,"score_spread":0.22826637765969607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912945263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9744445,0.00007402716,0.020586608,0.0008003414,0.0002022771,0.0010336732,0.000018244176,0.000125187,0.002715115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99188113,0.000053785447,0.005798995,0.00006185918,0.00001282395,0.000100908925,0.000022233691,0.000007887481,0.0020603847],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865216,0.000021587943,0.00027855783,0.0004672508,0.00036916463,0.00021125376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991106,0.000092711074,0.00022677885,0.00049085857,0.000035060548,0.000044024237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032377042,0.00011932457,0.00016655205,0.00008743543,0.00007687028,0.000017502809,0.0005319466,0.000078721736,0.0004965592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014747346,0.000103672675,0.000067055546,0.0007455225,0.00030097642,0.00032861574,0.00013236834,0.000038472917,0.0005187465],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001541576,0.00003435987,0.00615476,0.000031726722,0.0000023175796,4.0321645e-8,0.00007660078,0.0007319704,0.9850582,0.00089954573,0.0004274294,0.0065676617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023654442,0.0000737358,0.009096121,0.000004733204,0.000010829638,7.7969815e-7,0.000047481975,0.019249216,0.9606815,0.000985479,0.0094669545,0.00014664383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000079661455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017087514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02437669,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007526104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022436123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.666761},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913546157","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2019.23423","title":"Investigation into the temperature effect on NOM fouling and cleaning in submerged polymeric membrane systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Polymeric membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.008142222785503748,"score_gpt":0.21192556233809545,"score_spread":0.2037833395525917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913546157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979943,0.00009657997,0.0000029790385,0.00096228294,0.000073306015,0.0005123714,5.3376175e-7,0.000046129524,0.0003115272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911743,0.000050573013,0.000046898618,0.00010092199,0.000008869464,0.000066008346,0.000020333408,0.0000075457024,0.0005814225],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929464,0.00010598163,0.00013107389,0.00022930122,0.0001224245,0.00011656825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976027,0.000045063167,0.000034537,0.00013000546,0.0000031549478,0.000026957085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021766814,0.00011942251,0.000114500755,0.00005817227,0.00010338925,0.00006256695,0.00004601587,0.000062869716,0.000026185211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000103750435,0.00006201271,0.000013046562,0.00010331515,0.00005893389,0.00015568835,0.000029886683,0.00006068618,0.00007181875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072877265,0.000037172565,0.1323786,0.000044417022,0.000023813984,0.0000049344853,0.008641462,0.0052762004,0.83762676,0.0006927434,0.000018424178,0.015182628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013753398,0.0006879997,0.04099239,0.000043244334,0.000017665338,0.0000071869595,0.00065939926,0.009541109,0.9459033,0.000112862144,0.00047879215,0.00018071903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058085704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000067946115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10827655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012465952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021031651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25288048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913733727","doi":"10.48084/etasr.2491","title":"Effect of Polyvinyl Pyrolidone on Morphology and Performance of Cellulose Acetate Based Dialysis Membrane","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Contact angle; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Polyvinyl chloride; Materials science; Urea; Bovine serum albumin; Dialysis tubing; Regenerated cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Polyvinyl acetate; Cellulose; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0088847773342674,"score_gpt":0.26384916183703044,"score_spread":0.25496438450276304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913733727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99767345,0.000028239485,0.00014611911,0.00022045687,0.000040352297,0.00053612556,0.0000024725828,0.00017387525,0.0011788863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99809587,0.00003049223,0.0016842918,0.0000049127434,0.0000031622712,0.00007113364,8.520405e-7,0.000015121624,0.000094191186],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976311,0.000038331807,0.00028049242,0.0005931599,0.00082805316,0.00062890054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998577,0.0003856893,0.00009164326,0.0008472937,0.000028457336,0.0000699402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031705073,0.00017684998,0.00038585486,0.0013691653,0.000096051444,0.000009568499,0.0010876086,0.00021455165,0.00019925158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003593028,0.00015105912,0.00003167616,0.0036231799,0.0024184606,0.00009966815,0.00064022024,0.0005500008,0.000174429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009515269,0.000028088243,0.006090571,0.00008956682,0.000005453685,0.0000015052227,0.000028090006,0.013425844,0.9728895,0.0009811987,0.00000853903,0.0063565364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042498324,0.0010352132,0.0024155104,0.0000206512,0.000005079633,0.0000031196023,0.000016567497,0.05114338,0.9447324,0.00004056002,0.00004921943,0.00011326416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019896226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.322815e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03771754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014469969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035423163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8910919},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914442101","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2019.01.021","title":"Incorporation of layered double hydroxide nanofillers in polyamide nanofiltration membrane for high performance of salts rejections","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Water softening; Hydroxide; Zeta potential; Filtration (mathematics); Thin-film composite membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Reverse osmosis; Softening; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Monomer","score_opus":0.007757512589045351,"score_gpt":0.20633384410341224,"score_spread":0.19857633151436688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914442101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998183,0.000013029117,0.00032566837,0.00035145826,0.00037445893,0.0002864586,0.000005162914,0.000009155499,0.00045158903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952511,0.000016585158,0.0046192473,0.00001082706,0.000015264783,0.000004572435,0.0000035644675,0.000008201669,0.00007061713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998727,0.00001151477,0.00070778106,0.00010054742,0.0003351716,0.00011798329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890727,0.000035252087,0.00075286545,0.00022452962,0.00005129534,0.000028786602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003160746,0.00010405005,0.00029393585,0.00013128613,0.000017531933,0.0000036736863,0.00035574278,0.0001062295,0.000035780547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011935714,0.000080069476,0.00010444949,0.0004252778,0.00019745642,0.00046026253,0.00004842531,0.0001416123,0.0000018996759],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020367528,0.000042556043,0.0012906527,0.00006991192,0.0000147211895,1.2595581e-7,0.000082021455,0.21580973,0.7818707,0.00042290543,0.00006539429,0.00012756944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012288367,0.00014396639,0.0011721887,0.00010570337,0.00001708522,0.000008428853,0.000059807164,0.005228657,0.99166185,0.00020574866,0.00009231705,0.00007542847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006429477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013422345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21058108,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001544359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064232496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32651383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2915870415","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2019.08.01","title":"A Simple Solution of Dissolved Ammonia Recovery Process in a Hollow-Fiber Membrane Contactor: Comparison with Experimental and Numerical Results","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Ammonia; Hollow fiber membrane; Membrane; Fiber; Process (computing); Chemistry; Simple (philosophy); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010832125378163944,"score_gpt":0.28080596331487667,"score_spread":0.2699738379367127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2915870415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980489,0.00022469161,0.00024040368,0.00046256272,0.000039171435,0.00033847222,0.000005010036,0.000037628608,0.0006031441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987755,0.00006417987,0.0009980199,0.00002679219,0.000008179674,0.000010338827,0.000005715611,0.000011432915,0.0000998496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983249,0.000056905108,0.0007912674,0.00028410766,0.00032433963,0.00021853359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989024,0.00008169324,0.00071313983,0.00020479283,0.000040971525,0.000057004487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003306683,0.00018225687,0.0005588529,0.0003160021,0.00005103035,0.00002251394,0.00018515722,0.0002463202,0.00013432189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008878539,0.0001445369,0.00003830632,0.00048259986,0.00026253454,0.0005180732,0.00007861659,0.0003127481,0.000013782108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0034804102,0.00041819894,0.061372608,0.00006696437,0.00005254783,0.000018576176,0.0011334287,0.0031978022,0.92650414,0.00010823397,0.00018768288,0.0034593923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048581446,0.0030822316,0.011995074,0.00008936416,0.000033783872,0.00022388343,0.0023433773,0.0054220064,0.9703643,0.00031981352,0.0009796584,0.0002883967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050652958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006179898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049377535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008120135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029881721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58940434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917166107","doi":"","title":"Effect of Asymmetric Functionalized Graphene Oxide (Janus GO) on Young′s Modulus and Glass Transition Temperature of PSf Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Polysulfone; Membrane; Janus; Graphene; Ultrafiltration (renal); Glass transition; Phase inversion; Oxide; Modulus; Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Sonication; Casting; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.003956435024249823,"score_gpt":0.22799276720738307,"score_spread":0.22403633218313324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917166107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974146,0.00013258611,0.00043693752,0.0009513136,0.00054933946,0.00018250741,0.000013106515,0.000022106968,0.00029749854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99876416,0.0004965445,0.0005480753,0.00006836293,0.000012189917,0.0000035805542,0.000003127752,0.0000058193073,0.00009812525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984028,0.00007510885,0.0004762303,0.00024612527,0.0006634476,0.00013631895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990184,0.00016609587,0.000495277,0.00018303141,0.00009993745,0.000037305974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063336856,0.00014290333,0.00031546538,0.0006294376,0.000043884356,0.00001886588,0.000495358,0.00022054523,0.00012397997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040931962,0.00010914766,0.00007846575,0.0006461918,0.00051240326,0.00040316553,0.000074426054,0.00022740415,0.000009200836],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004489894,0.00006613628,0.004007883,0.000015184122,0.0000237169,0.0000070416168,0.000052017796,0.0004824354,0.9828646,0.0010183869,0.000054966156,0.010958651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013811247,0.0019626569,0.010138635,0.000066192646,0.000023061037,0.00031823607,0.00005920041,0.00055683625,0.9841702,0.0010402898,0.00018292386,0.00010066918],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003572843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007260983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010857982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058403282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021221678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44509122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2919354080","doi":"10.1039/c8ta11460a","title":"Tailored polymer nanocomposite membranes based on carbon, metal oxide and silicon nanomaterials: a review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Membrane; Nanoscopic scale; Oxide; Carbon fibers; Silicon; Silicon oxide; Polymer; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Composite number; Metallurgy; Composite material; Silicon nitride; Organic chemistry; Layer (electronics)","score_opus":0.024321097459193385,"score_gpt":0.27870213222320883,"score_spread":0.25438103476401547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2919354080","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03669575,0.961425,4.2535794e-7,0.000088187975,0.00031145988,0.00059828564,0.000054503216,0.000042920135,0.000783479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010772604,0.9980102,0.000108183434,0.00013799888,0.00012298256,0.000041505675,0.00003492173,0.00005854521,0.0004083847],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966909,0.00029309446,0.0017006011,0.00045242463,0.0005599865,0.00030297026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966242,0.00016628743,0.002447584,0.00061418605,0.000025261912,0.00012253327],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010456566,0.0006122346,0.0029326687,0.00007106501,0.00004961624,0.0001054439,0.00069704984,0.00042564675,0.002633159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022529336,0.00043596514,0.00036325495,0.00017702831,0.00018163036,0.00014629331,0.00021840338,0.00023093908,0.00010093637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005418596,0.00005787496,6.6095487e-7,0.063174985,0.00010250031,0.000057729194,0.0000045234783,0.0000049975783,0.92665356,8.183747e-7,0.00040025625,0.009487872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028225573,0.00007331147,8.048093e-7,0.022641812,0.00087596383,0.00057633646,0.0000023355358,0.0000014394215,0.76109946,0.0000036303293,0.21406113,0.0003815153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010526031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6923914e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21366087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016835074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010623616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921209812","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.001","title":"Nano CuO/g-C3N4 sheets-based ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced interfacial affinity, antifouling and protein separation performances for water treatment application","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane; Nano-; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Separation (statistics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.010304533867606174,"score_gpt":0.24990405933806362,"score_spread":0.23959952547045743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921209812","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954126,0.000016549136,0.00271485,0.00030968527,0.000053659354,0.00082651724,0.000004343216,0.000017556185,0.00064424804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958251,0.00003718926,0.0038697843,0.00004028859,0.000029892573,0.00004723521,0.0000070471356,0.0000075077196,0.00013596973],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986607,0.000034216195,0.00034984833,0.00029090635,0.00044307506,0.00022125606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994756,0.000041257004,0.00030484848,0.000117159085,0.0000064244027,0.000054697208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004525711,0.00016753678,0.0001976706,0.00008219029,0.00024949296,0.000080867605,0.00021378756,0.00006384092,0.00041131058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008670537,0.00010005008,0.000049332364,0.00010848581,0.00042373143,0.0011430534,0.000032725853,0.0000691304,0.00005560628],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016990186,0.00010439816,0.0063462444,0.000010376755,0.000008012874,3.0612614e-7,0.000295444,0.014393813,0.97379124,0.000013219281,0.0000037268424,0.004863329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010246793,0.0030036576,0.0036394983,0.000023289234,0.000018069457,0.000012566722,0.00036737008,0.0051998463,0.9859477,0.000064308566,0.0005426313,0.00015634249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010360243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028412695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012156513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015051736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019519739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45035625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2923314964","doi":"","title":"Optimisation and integration of membrane processes for the fruit juice industry","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diafiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Process engineering; Nanofiltration; Pilot plant; Pulp and paper industry; Beverage industry; Unit operation; Microfiltration; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.023395212024119264,"score_gpt":0.22222457007095534,"score_spread":0.19882935804683607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2923314964","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19144589,0.000048309223,0.044021666,0.02061053,0.00005526535,0.0012347633,0.000094662515,0.0003206232,0.7421683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.42127997,0.00041346403,0.016076092,0.00015625522,0.000043672746,0.0000034869795,0.00008938413,0.000016910499,0.56192076],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993284,0.000034974055,0.0001065166,0.00025800578,0.000130959,0.00014115644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991309,0.00024517014,0.00016114315,0.00029998497,0.00010539408,0.000057421606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013767651,0.000103930346,0.000099869205,0.00024280862,0.00054083683,0.000037242386,0.00047691658,0.00015091123,0.00029141578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015714661,0.000101639904,0.00003256333,0.0012217509,0.00037684105,0.0012039578,0.00017017173,0.00016388127,0.000011042885],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001400943,0.00028029527,0.002871708,0.000054588178,0.00007886447,6.1817343e-7,0.0012580466,0.0061245505,0.009852266,0.9575163,0.0062770573,0.015545609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004864171,0.000055494133,0.0031854215,0.0000069595426,0.00007776908,0.000002304448,0.002960128,0.0020755294,0.003984739,0.0001398409,0.9868981,0.00012729203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017400613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010749187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98062104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021341888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006430096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41597345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2923954139","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.020","title":"Aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor (AGMBR): Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Hydraulic retention time; Factorial experiment; Chromatography; Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Total organic carbon; Polysaccharide; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biofilm","score_opus":0.034734609748003596,"score_gpt":0.299830933747987,"score_spread":0.26509632399998345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2923954139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99002576,0.00042683928,0.00008862735,0.000621243,0.00008480714,0.0005944905,0.0000059544254,0.00018252934,0.007969749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9804753,0.000107233835,0.00024415413,0.00003252456,0.000020849402,0.00006723873,0.00005331725,0.0000268844,0.018972497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962062,0.00029926663,0.00035006076,0.00077543897,0.001381473,0.0009875129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986005,0.000056368073,0.000052220803,0.0011059404,0.000032665288,0.00015232405],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014956984,0.00022231237,0.0003536333,0.00054772134,0.00023084895,0.00014091562,0.0010068415,0.00017199779,0.03178806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039983905,0.00015559638,0.00016862288,0.0023045912,0.0005495578,0.00041965174,0.00044089078,0.0004546909,0.016459692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035776186,0.00007096839,0.038733445,0.000018449737,0.000064621854,0.000023671248,0.000346514,0.0003112369,0.9589738,0.000110758076,0.00056073366,0.0007500198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029035917,0.0001051513,0.007957603,0.0000053697927,0.000038781927,0.000002974007,0.00022585018,0.0008570288,0.96646297,0.00023753697,0.023553524,0.00026284842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010085264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022441463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030775841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017468838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013740727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9843061},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2929446656","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.188","title":"Chemical cleaning of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes – Ozone versus conventional cleaning chemicals","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabi","keywords":"Chemistry; Sodium hypochlorite; Cleaning agent; Calcium hydroxide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium hydroxide; Humic acid; Fouling; Ozone; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012406324092936098,"score_gpt":0.23625596909064864,"score_spread":0.22384964499771254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2929446656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9641545,0.000043514287,0.000106975574,0.00012193988,0.00016172386,0.00021078292,0.0000034554457,0.00015853564,0.03503859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967424,0.000016194657,0.0023342208,0.000044335484,0.000029313616,0.000009865085,0.000038967897,0.000019439543,0.00076522754],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986522,0.000016520204,0.00034759013,0.00037305846,0.000370075,0.00024052612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992967,0.000112642,0.00018395041,0.00033553052,0.000018815339,0.00005232562],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014885381,0.00016447154,0.00023585101,0.000009749091,0.000041894273,0.000019376066,0.0003191774,0.00017554947,0.014001594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001275396,0.00016796854,0.000091964605,0.00023974695,0.00021648791,0.0002562161,0.000116404786,0.00018313847,0.0010380499],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010889762,0.00005052002,0.0040680408,0.000054331656,0.00001674637,7.1536965e-7,0.00008435513,0.0005568294,0.99158883,0.00048304562,0.0008235493,0.00216411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010898622,0.000043675474,0.0011026358,0.000026326295,0.000013557495,0.000005093208,0.00036154618,0.0014154023,0.9940839,0.00026394663,0.0013973212,0.00019674379],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026237924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045005195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034273364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011286556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014719537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2933005044","doi":"10.7202/1060954ar","title":"Green Moments of Separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Trumpeter","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Separation (statistics); Environmental science; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.01110530354594841,"score_gpt":0.2479914463045076,"score_spread":0.23688614275855918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2933005044","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96179634,0.0000039136144,0.000045509158,0.00046441282,0.000049487247,0.0001524911,0.0000010457256,0.000032113425,0.03745467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991236,0.0000023901043,0.00012123711,0.00012776715,0.00000489292,0.000005640884,0.0000012596875,0.0000035481303,0.0084973],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956656,0.000019777743,0.00009706624,0.00008858782,0.00014810725,0.00007991817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963623,0.000019050161,0.0000505255,0.00028364934,0.000002004247,0.0000085555375],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010261023,0.000045077733,0.000057203437,0.000012062854,0.000020175401,0.0000044537896,0.00020578032,0.000025265219,0.004596199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000054088428,0.000027915296,0.000021755885,0.00008276413,0.000072413284,0.0000976953,0.00009159454,0.00003834448,0.004065577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069943,0.0000739665,0.18761466,0.000023102859,0.00003299008,8.232159e-7,0.0018486234,0.001890135,0.7809581,0.0023116232,0.006733346,0.018442692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077116815,0.000291838,0.35733545,0.000012848383,0.00001967317,0.0000063296798,0.0002343927,0.0040908777,0.59628874,0.010446421,0.030222118,0.00028017096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006846877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014672844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18466936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017992394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015019968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2938285226","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.04.055","title":"Fate of micronutrients and heavy metals in digestate processing using vibrating reversed osmosis as resource recovery technology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Digestate; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Resource recovery; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Engineering; Methane","score_opus":0.01222563936466918,"score_gpt":0.2660714305470389,"score_spread":0.2538457911823697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2938285226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99498945,0.0004217934,0.0009873171,0.0014552381,0.00002800242,0.00060451095,0.0000040048344,0.00019073766,0.0013189676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923574,0.00022228985,0.0069647892,0.000070086986,0.000002773084,0.000037138776,0.000011994375,0.000014795998,0.00031877353],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848986,0.00006169421,0.00052832137,0.0005230027,0.00015661755,0.00024051574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991249,0.00003928609,0.00041443337,0.00036219181,0.000029080515,0.00003010016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034932996,0.00017393779,0.0002992124,0.00066102407,0.00011791585,0.00003354178,0.00019977879,0.00037027043,0.00009138251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015753033,0.00018070072,0.000020701105,0.0013723732,0.0004364149,0.00042292042,0.00015927284,0.00021752679,0.000048590733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116273906,0.000082401464,0.05530165,0.00008227209,0.000013446932,0.0000018506805,0.00048130378,0.0013458366,0.8918316,0.0032989306,0.000049652008,0.047394786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010310969,0.00030139476,0.005163312,0.00012033313,0.00002555867,0.000060068996,0.0023721384,0.011694789,0.9591725,0.013520926,0.006127435,0.00041043252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005220787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020881489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06734092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008267826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025415358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73687613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940380797","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.010","title":"Impact of intermittent operation on reverse osmosis membrane fouling for brackish groundwater desalination systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Brackish water; Membrane; Membrane permeability; Permeability (electromagnetism); Environmental science; Biofouling; Groundwater; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.01971722603546229,"score_gpt":0.29809935996521025,"score_spread":0.278382133929748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940380797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99523956,0.000017266244,0.0019387434,0.00025705542,0.00075083866,0.0005696623,0.000004352347,0.000022048098,0.0012004686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975063,0.00003716702,0.0019161159,0.00005834145,0.00004962709,0.000007733406,0.0000018419211,0.000013304764,0.00040954218],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974861,0.000068033776,0.000786457,0.0003186611,0.0010310425,0.00030969502],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983385,0.0001654292,0.000821041,0.00036278798,0.00020580435,0.00010644414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025311487,0.00017788976,0.00036695166,0.0003404515,0.00014278271,0.00013588528,0.0007866016,0.00008993504,0.00030487645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004905917,0.00012772768,0.0002077159,0.00058510556,0.00034639274,0.0017040621,0.000104017796,0.0001884756,0.00009202258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001740175,0.0001347446,0.0039029957,0.000057620102,0.000019480507,0.0000021806486,0.00033470007,0.11942428,0.87316835,0.0002426675,0.00022491402,0.0023140723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021958614,0.003727349,0.028418548,0.0003577989,0.000056937533,0.00016456832,0.00072435074,0.057124544,0.9060767,0.00018195147,0.0005686733,0.0004026665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009988938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004822739,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062299743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054887857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012301405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52085835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940598562","doi":"10.1002/pat.4626","title":"Cellulose acetate nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with hydrous manganese dioxide nanoparticles for water treatment applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanocomposite; Cellulose acetate; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Cellulose; Fouling; Manganese; Regenerated cellulose; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.007457123705336665,"score_gpt":0.22520080242018461,"score_spread":0.21774367871484795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940598562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826123,0.00033463325,0.008283821,0.0016675204,0.000058069414,0.004692576,0.000039398532,0.0019762123,0.00033547415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9737537,0.000119521486,0.01814832,0.000040512434,0.0000072282646,0.005634614,0.00010973387,0.00004778453,0.0021385977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99821174,0.00001315609,0.0003162525,0.00067194784,0.0001911218,0.00059577654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989796,0.00012232477,0.00014970958,0.0006847325,0.000021737687,0.00004187022],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007736265,0.0003477821,0.0003322326,0.00012216004,0.00023957029,0.000044610006,0.0004435396,0.00016501089,0.00006874017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020736545,0.00023229745,0.0001125911,0.00026967676,0.00041233597,0.00059687515,0.00008357195,0.00007489728,0.00016499138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000276851,0.00009975878,0.0003262134,0.00005778376,0.000040320658,9.535724e-7,0.00014443674,0.004357299,0.9598304,0.00069465704,0.000015024921,0.03415631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016034126,0.0008435753,0.000029226208,0.000010520499,0.00005954493,0.00001077365,0.0009385617,0.00048812176,0.9776876,0.0023201406,0.015642172,0.0003663631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034431632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006662164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033789948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018566287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000100980715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9472815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2940913529","doi":"10.1007/s13201-019-0949-1","title":"Impact of independent and non-independent parameters on various elements’ rejection by nanofiltration employed in groundwater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Water Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Groundwater; Membrane; Divalent; Water treatment; Chromatography; Magnesium; Ion; Volume (thermodynamics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00843915906860187,"score_gpt":0.2373797222901115,"score_spread":0.22894056322150963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2940913529","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99664223,0.0000012824208,0.00041086783,0.000045203247,0.00008254303,0.0007182464,0.0000017581486,0.00003755083,0.00206033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99903375,0.000011532034,0.00065022,0.00003604019,0.0000018517715,0.00006874658,0.000007837451,0.0000076077686,0.00018238583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99818134,0.000019356332,0.00030000356,0.0006001808,0.0005260096,0.00037309277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999401,0.000016755648,0.00009509301,0.00041802565,0.0000075948633,0.00006153848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042584148,0.00018200107,0.00018043912,0.00016690449,0.00008428623,0.00008595711,0.0003257957,0.00007693868,0.00012470741],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046356845,0.00011827808,0.00003227505,0.00024337362,0.0002225947,0.00045424944,0.00016757027,0.00008142992,0.00019363909],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045489043,0.00017684311,0.10132338,0.0000027268245,0.0000071143218,0.0000010152622,0.00070527033,0.0016756434,0.89309317,0.00009523332,0.00001856282,0.0028555475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083325885,0.0010384744,0.14335202,0.000004481055,0.0000039199,0.0000036407869,0.00007689949,0.0009431493,0.8530675,0.0004831067,0.000022609487,0.00017090741],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012873058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000110167835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042028643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065611466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021405838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48232403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941341041","doi":"10.1016/j.cis.2019.04.008","title":"Fouling and wetting in the membrane distillation driven wastewater reclamation process – A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Fouling; Wetting; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Land reclamation; Permeation; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Process engineering; Desalination; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.027561656752645373,"score_gpt":0.3632910121560725,"score_spread":0.33572935540342713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2941341041","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0024139506,0.99314845,0.00004404045,0.00016760964,0.000098956974,0.0013929444,0.000002387042,0.000021965334,0.0027097086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.03450421,0.96487606,0.00034994388,0.00005580821,0.0000073454494,0.00010517624,0.000002484879,0.000007882896,0.00009110041],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981258,0.00010927131,0.00050922745,0.00061658514,0.0003786795,0.0002604207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991665,0.00019339226,0.00031385807,0.0002894639,0.000011444472,0.000025377922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013780774,0.00022271917,0.0005434796,0.00013446392,0.00013224993,0.0001031461,0.00061625993,0.00007923168,0.0000331614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044880784,0.00013926093,0.000029655634,0.0012681744,0.00058608415,0.0013455881,0.00025729407,0.0002868854,0.000026901173],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038047624,0.000017967914,0.00030776917,0.018663913,0.0000018610012,0.0000010098453,0.0008885595,0.0012602455,0.00039476212,0.00008439114,0.000022567805,0.97835314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030678662,0.00016304443,0.00008526074,0.07986366,0.00007972432,0.000096366486,0.0010173226,0.006470325,0.0010773562,0.0006516743,0.90933365,0.00085482316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008821926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006808792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97749835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001410469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037331327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5678896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943159423","doi":"10.1002/admi.201802056","title":"Pressure‐Driven Solvent Transport and Complex Ion Permeation through Graphene Oxide Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Solvent; Graphene; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Ethylene glycol; PEG ratio; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.015356296291200135,"score_gpt":0.2547704370596435,"score_spread":0.23941414076844333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943159423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663454,0.00011631027,0.00032574986,0.00018134736,0.00033470368,0.00051285065,0.000023499728,0.00020510868,0.0016658977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950446,0.00027060026,0.0038035256,0.00008360391,0.00001000681,0.00004074115,0.000026488005,0.000017767845,0.0007026951],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988393,0.000039650273,0.0003031452,0.00040316462,0.00019967378,0.00021507058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951106,0.00002220354,0.00014819953,0.00028162592,0.000009575884,0.000027344382],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010046299,0.00018942732,0.0002617946,0.0000283248,0.000074911,0.000035411642,0.00022097198,0.00008200938,0.0040757386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013077825,0.00016453044,0.000023473194,0.00007781291,0.00017996949,0.0006720126,0.0001040403,0.000052489933,0.0002867555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062127285,0.000022703856,0.0019834612,0.00007672541,0.000014281474,7.6986356e-7,0.0003034507,0.0057213563,0.99116695,0.0003025221,0.00006038322,0.00028528195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037079048,0.00010099983,0.020394253,0.00003818808,0.000018166109,0.0000055186074,0.00024933668,0.00012328778,0.9706172,0.001336797,0.0065429583,0.0002025051],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011990773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005315745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020549737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024105413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026755731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9968347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944030020","doi":"10.4314/wsa.v45i2.12","title":"Characterization of the performance of venturi-based aeration devices for use in wastewater treatment in low-resource settings","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water SA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Université Laval","funders":"Grand Challenges Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Aeration; Venturi effect; Nozzle; Wastewater; Tap water; Environmental engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Chemistry; Mass transfer coefficient; Mass transfer; Environmental science; Materials science; Chromatography; Mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.009053239783579928,"score_gpt":0.19954454498414664,"score_spread":0.19049130520056673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944030020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99920434,7.4156856e-7,0.000006382737,0.00019599433,0.00002688154,0.00052813307,0.000005303485,0.000008165186,0.000024089746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99950856,0.0000010131502,0.00012714094,0.00004699692,0.0000022938875,0.000040383762,0.00003590763,0.000004545727,0.00023315812],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994814,0.000024105624,0.00018984923,0.000116871124,0.00008917048,0.000098637094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997291,0.000014049784,0.00007367293,0.00017409826,0.000003694343,0.0000053772737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009949566,0.00006134914,0.000089837,0.000038836544,0.000013959561,0.000007536464,0.000101091035,0.000039348684,0.00007180968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004194842,0.0000348992,0.000021765749,0.00007445386,0.00003236963,0.00018126673,0.000032729484,0.000022883913,0.000016804728],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002944632,0.00003651236,0.29706785,0.000032090993,9.655843e-7,4.510948e-8,0.0005510148,0.0056390343,0.6962944,0.0000011960965,0.00000150533,0.0003459096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033604156,0.000073244344,0.15648323,0.00003709193,0.0000016590468,6.739191e-8,0.000027223785,0.011420161,0.8310667,0.0000017930622,0.00051615346,0.00003657234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005598951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019034545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1405846,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035573505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1423148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945787925","doi":"10.22215/etd/2019-13463","title":"Fouling Indices for Quantification of Natural Organic Matter Fouling and Cleaning in Ceramic and Polymeric Membrane Systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Earth Sciences; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Humic acid; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010768851126111171,"score_gpt":0.25326279415878417,"score_spread":0.242493943032673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945787925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99654,0.00095000106,0.0002821746,0.000040944025,0.00027208484,0.0007570766,0.0000041535677,0.00004603452,0.0011075075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962478,0.00015359481,0.00055245275,0.000019229414,0.000009235841,0.000032747223,0.00014681756,0.000028076389,0.0028100256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987659,0.000027012093,0.00043368846,0.0004194088,0.00017780307,0.00017618448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992576,0.0001378719,0.00038838421,0.00018556198,0.000011106631,0.000019454365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022033138,0.00018887178,0.00032587006,0.00018767166,0.00006135147,0.00006114046,0.00015722481,0.00023259039,0.00013313658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050895018,0.00017483381,0.000025288366,0.0002110761,0.000058780297,0.00024817753,0.000042536227,0.0001729038,0.000028901632],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008333655,0.000020393578,0.024064295,0.0014728009,0.000024759987,4.407329e-7,0.0015913357,0.0006598755,0.9666169,0.0002786652,0.00004321169,0.005143932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019247839,0.00022997682,0.18325701,0.001093482,0.00016279297,0.000025112666,0.03519374,0.14147414,0.63477314,0.0002743329,0.00014678547,0.0014446867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048847665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043531434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3318438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005148589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010981401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7129516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946136433","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.010","title":"Development of microporous substrates of polyamide thin film composite membranes for pressure-driven and osmotically-driven membrane processes: A review","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Desalination; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Microporous material; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Substrate (aquarium); Membrane technology; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.03868580030049668,"score_gpt":0.2680773575670923,"score_spread":0.2293915572665956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946136433","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012322955,0.9868596,0.000044293145,0.000031281863,0.00007584925,0.00055738527,0.000046863115,0.000016616797,0.00004511033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010635933,0.9941193,0.0046135043,0.0000038304615,0.000063976404,0.000013791881,0.000018750969,0.000026546979,0.00007673657],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980186,0.000016017571,0.0012895309,0.00022046962,0.00027291317,0.00018244509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99829525,0.00023213199,0.0011554491,0.00016638587,0.00006116881,0.000089636625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003532065,0.00031911765,0.0015988259,0.000052449115,0.00002915773,0.000019059646,0.0003651672,0.0004016739,0.000060104077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040518903,0.00024387671,0.00015381555,0.00019376962,0.00011617192,0.00010555884,0.00012774584,0.00042855335,7.3845735e-7],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008727997,0.00020467653,0.0000691073,0.7871074,0.0011591453,0.000015829964,0.00026411947,0.00544024,0.12433611,0.0000042415704,0.00059375534,0.08071807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016018559,0.00018282396,0.0000084521835,0.13716048,0.0025284067,0.0005865284,0.000072530325,0.0004874096,0.25533545,0.000005926716,0.60111725,0.0009128837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025956697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1199954e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6499469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043509903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020046749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9945004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947219315","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.262","title":"Effects of surface morphology on alginate adhesion: Molecular insights into membrane fouling based on XDLVO and DFT analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Adhesion; Chemical engineering; Surface energy; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Morphology (biology); Surface roughness; Adhesive; Materials science; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Layer (electronics); Organic chemistry; Geology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0035286726509688024,"score_gpt":0.2085950745680892,"score_spread":0.20506640191712042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947219315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939369,0.00013357727,0.00050868694,0.00020401507,0.00004562249,0.00028847344,4.9358266e-7,0.00007507703,0.0048071756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968601,0.000019933092,0.0025099234,0.00029639673,0.0000026202827,0.000007021352,0.00000555965,0.000014173679,0.00028431384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988353,0.000058524503,0.00018569491,0.00046342655,0.00028276318,0.00017427753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991131,0.00020933556,0.000118714284,0.0004935408,0.000009867072,0.00005547449],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010770317,0.00018156681,0.0003319972,0.000029010374,0.000044407203,0.0000114126,0.00023236379,0.00016383985,0.0010226624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081021186,0.00015596293,0.000081159844,0.0005643838,0.00015718011,0.0000703569,0.00010640455,0.00014500211,0.00028338263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000559919,0.00008136559,0.0058752703,0.00009747715,0.000045749126,0.000023330866,0.0001006906,0.08173064,0.91071653,0.0001129467,0.000062358224,0.001097626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005420047,0.0002527157,0.006471827,0.000027450204,0.00006962154,5.034682e-7,0.000036356465,0.028385844,0.9636421,0.00024741382,0.0001643339,0.00015978949],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007216607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000084030835,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053344794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006295034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006924876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950032430","doi":"10.1002/chin.200719268","title":"Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors: Applications and Research Directions","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemInform","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Bioreactor; Service (business); Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; World Wide Web; Organic chemistry; Computer science; Business; Marketing; Engineering","score_opus":0.0295222883887219,"score_gpt":0.3115838957503565,"score_spread":0.2820616073616346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950032430","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11732238,0.00007915632,0.000047487698,0.00025501824,0.000025685073,0.00034767113,0.0000026486493,0.00024012722,0.88167983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872321,0.00021259928,0.0009841688,0.000049963666,0.00003684807,0.000091049595,0.000012830995,0.000009440708,0.011371035],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918777,4.846662e-7,0.00014883283,0.00017827969,0.00022788026,0.00025677346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994816,0.000107817235,0.000032267933,0.000282112,0.000014058441,0.00008212951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055290974,0.00007070219,0.000065231245,0.000090570335,0.00021089552,0.000027568765,0.0001738928,0.00008727384,0.0007648645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008399849,0.000064300766,0.000016421433,0.00064121204,0.00043054085,0.000198696,0.00016283234,0.00016532249,0.0005177141],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009018548,0.000058459602,0.0019894186,0.000018652689,0.0000075839616,0.0000015330384,0.0005254548,8.3300563e-7,0.186676,0.0021911075,0.012345174,0.7961768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000063092724,0.000012451214,0.005176834,0.0000021439698,0.0000017977765,0.0000058966366,0.0003192374,0.000004594804,0.5857793,0.0003198044,0.4082451,0.00006976579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011516561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012021182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8703088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000119939854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065880135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83747303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954129218","doi":"10.3390/w11071348","title":"Integrated Coagulation-Membrane Processes with Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Configuration for the Treatment of Oil Sands Produced Water","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Produced water; Chemistry; Water treatment; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Pulp and paper industry; Total suspended solids; Reverse osmosis; Sodium carbonate; Flux (metallurgy); Waste management; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Chromatography; Sodium; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical oxygen demand","score_opus":0.013226672873666485,"score_gpt":0.22733185225793875,"score_spread":0.21410517938427226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2954129218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968192,0.000015153089,0.00039960546,0.0011964956,0.00006523507,0.0007035784,0.00001045299,0.00007384642,0.0007164528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991098,0.000035706376,0.00015245282,0.000033520246,0.000013589038,0.0002460217,0.0001573979,0.00001487502,0.008248439],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991438,0.000016711565,0.00019967023,0.00026178398,0.00017127258,0.00020681212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952424,0.000047455003,0.000053145304,0.00031596262,0.00004051298,0.000018673336],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093493465,0.00014803157,0.00015925823,0.000028054237,0.000090815476,0.00003052217,0.00014243038,0.000056009118,0.001603836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014084092,0.000054553868,0.000030222138,0.00008710042,0.00012060013,0.00023312475,0.000019111665,0.000030864678,0.0003113039],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047485493,0.00012814847,0.0013427084,0.00007454998,0.000033692268,2.4432143e-7,0.0025137435,0.0025731807,0.99138343,0.000032854183,0.00012758553,0.0013150341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067385787,0.0008731681,0.00024846796,0.000012984429,0.00002526154,0.0000016437855,0.0001442177,0.0005022796,0.9847406,0.0000303623,0.012635457,0.00011168988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008238177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000119473574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012507872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049607155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012496132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993088},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954805714","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100883","title":"Effects of feed water temperature on irreversible fouling of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Ceramic membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Viscosity; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.0034729673803974227,"score_gpt":0.19156832808063531,"score_spread":0.18809536070023788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2954805714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99922717,0.000036718488,0.00019780744,0.000072010975,0.00018922906,0.00014471548,4.288402e-7,0.000022231714,0.000109701476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994652,0.000021624135,0.00035712842,0.000011028986,0.000023128661,0.0000018655097,0.0000013830547,0.000013050731,0.00010557459],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990559,0.000011675729,0.00035109397,0.00010634961,0.00031072783,0.00016422609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966836,0.000036855057,0.00012567731,0.0001051484,0.000034936296,0.00002904076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019946128,0.000121058416,0.00024565338,0.00013319777,0.000017510043,0.000013679869,0.00021750019,0.00008934301,0.00011199513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034566106,0.000072232695,0.0000652571,0.00010302792,0.000022982033,0.00038286412,0.000025577301,0.00019334027,0.000024345525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027290302,0.00002265224,0.00032590388,0.0005066489,0.00001467141,0.0000023248833,0.0006336014,0.27532098,0.7230818,0.0000032113717,0.0000056595413,0.00005522697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041809503,0.00019274042,0.0008849927,0.0001647435,0.000016498,0.000017369848,0.00006444892,0.0020665156,0.9959882,0.00003792789,0.000055059074,0.000093418384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003440422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0033183e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27325448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040730014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053747112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29455638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955499920","doi":"","title":"Membrane glucose demudding by a decanter-membrane process: Challenges and benefits","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Pulp and paper industry; Starch; Microfiltration; Turbidity; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Liquefaction; Membrane technology; Sugar; Filter (signal processing); Waste management; Food science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03167454273983867,"score_gpt":0.19769233417766816,"score_spread":0.1660177914378295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955499920","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24756481,0.00019066605,0.0004046341,0.0011024433,0.000035019115,0.00029736102,0.000043257154,0.0004483863,0.7499134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6215795,0.010931503,0.004752921,0.00019672184,0.00002943266,0.0000034557006,0.00012402398,0.00006435006,0.36231804],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842405,0.00007977038,0.00014773427,0.00069240865,0.00025622413,0.00039983203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989007,0.0000758271,0.00017073414,0.0005345045,0.00006445694,0.00025377612],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014831511,0.00024610857,0.00022127658,0.0005247779,0.0006846385,0.00004362803,0.00091745524,0.00021159738,0.0010070367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055049844,0.00030160337,0.00006447681,0.0012012356,0.000517277,0.0018366054,0.00049349153,0.00021843727,0.000120568366],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015970076,0.00065474893,0.004297976,0.000084893596,0.00015598536,0.00004060702,0.005379924,0.00009867843,0.0058905254,0.967071,0.0022348303,0.013931129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096263184,0.000103631646,0.004297491,0.000023559927,0.00010587913,0.000021700429,0.008822515,0.00027620466,0.009057086,0.00031480793,0.97550327,0.0005112132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026597368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007549823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97326845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027596654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042149113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955805792","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2019.103269","title":"Long-term performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating malting wastewater at room temperature (23 ± 1 °C)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Biogas; Membrane; Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane permeability; Fouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Bioreactor; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; 16S ribosomal RNA; Environmental engineering; Biology; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.00407721973644426,"score_gpt":0.1761078714639763,"score_spread":0.17203065172753204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955805792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995064,0.00008953297,0.000005526422,0.000023674727,0.000118106225,0.00013771886,0.0000060005746,0.000028421518,0.00008463372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976896,0.00006797028,0.0018846205,0.000011005617,0.00004646819,0.000002969953,0.000009903412,0.000032787924,0.0002546462],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839264,0.000012680191,0.0006078442,0.00022440407,0.00044641577,0.0003160228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992512,0.0000413139,0.00034621623,0.00024587175,0.0000035128396,0.00011191331],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018070689,0.00024150085,0.000369457,0.000082347884,0.000033438107,0.000013554689,0.00032784863,0.00015706521,0.0016113942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033727498,0.0002017341,0.00014535755,0.00014030453,0.00007167288,0.00038157342,0.00024661087,0.00036611498,0.00010581794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005565764,0.0000591892,0.0908607,0.000064435924,0.000026377878,0.000008716805,0.000078629164,0.010386654,0.89817256,4.4454703e-7,0.000011988316,0.00027467433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054620137,0.00014403435,0.05870921,0.00010046052,0.00002161045,0.000114950264,0.000026553596,0.0015289143,0.9385798,3.3884157e-7,0.00003150224,0.00019642875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001624273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2150783e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04040726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004276474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004168935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99930125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2956543718","doi":"10.11113/amst.v23n3.166","title":"Fundamentals of RO Membrane Separation Process: Problems and Solutions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Separation (statistics); Membrane; Calculator; Simple (philosophy); Membrane technology; Osmosis; Separation process; Process (computing); Computer science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Epistemology; Philosophy; Machine learning","score_opus":0.013394449641315727,"score_gpt":0.2621743449255953,"score_spread":0.2487798952842796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2956543718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.980214,0.00009481345,0.00037352782,0.0009957295,0.00014842222,0.0005976442,0.0000026604391,0.00010060562,0.017472623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996641,0.00015159952,0.0029970147,0.00006422667,0.000012456967,0.000018940229,7.667149e-7,0.000013015634,0.000100970115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973453,0.0000147922965,0.0008204026,0.00044602616,0.00088170485,0.00049174624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983346,0.000050818402,0.00094643235,0.00045954812,0.0001033526,0.00010526118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014393062,0.00021268867,0.00048315845,0.0010160261,0.00022293763,0.00004441665,0.0010202582,0.0002214976,0.00048287187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010832376,0.00017835754,0.00005715347,0.002820785,0.0026499517,0.00081756915,0.0003592504,0.00039255287,0.000110386056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042868953,0.000096120566,0.0013431608,0.000054603075,0.000011663044,0.0000015986033,0.00038432478,0.0077655492,0.9817865,0.004524409,0.000032867672,0.003956366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008275207,0.00047128322,0.00059298886,0.00005026494,0.000029267565,0.00017502323,0.0017526614,0.0010482464,0.98284805,0.010146929,0.0018368027,0.00022096073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000072346497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010228405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017371653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017508397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013269433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9763857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2959070186","doi":"10.5360/membrane.34.239","title":"Application of Membrane Process in Vitamin C Production","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fermentation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Membrane; Flocculation; Centrifugation; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Process engineering; Biochemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008065821956961117,"score_gpt":0.2486979029477535,"score_spread":0.2406320809907924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2959070186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98971504,0.000016710763,0.00041300818,0.0013140321,0.000047589278,0.00049757934,0.0000011393334,0.0001399199,0.007854957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987919,0.000024188783,0.0006942909,0.00006814144,0.000017603692,0.000043235515,0.000008478663,0.000007498959,0.00034468438],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988185,0.000028622067,0.00031750262,0.00034950726,0.000298201,0.00018764184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943477,0.000015522271,0.00013223001,0.00037622577,0.000012401407,0.000028822922],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029591523,0.00011856568,0.00017955032,0.00010347685,0.000033971028,0.0000067257665,0.0002622668,0.00008989186,0.00025194912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011743391,0.00011310253,0.000026510903,0.00074768317,0.00011511136,0.00027902817,0.000026889567,0.00011296434,0.00016544817],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003802697,0.00019312362,0.0043136394,0.000040675688,0.0000017489615,0.0000012841193,0.00036892542,0.012153201,0.9555484,0.00025909673,0.00010459848,0.0269773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026696982,0.00006976786,0.03372218,0.000013532189,0.000004603059,0.000006219508,0.000107108506,0.0018544341,0.9620377,0.0012559,0.0005275285,0.00013409091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005685312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007045754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029408542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067163965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000765457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46121874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2961627480","doi":"10.5360/membrane.35.119","title":"Development of Novel Membranes Based on Electro–spun Nanofibers and Their Application in Liquid Filtration, Membrane Distillation and Membrane Adsorption","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Polysulfone; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Membrane distillation; Electrospinning; Filtration (mathematics); Polyacrylonitrile; Bacterial cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Polymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cellulose acetate; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Cellulose; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.009534834847850195,"score_gpt":0.2213417533356011,"score_spread":0.2118069184877509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2961627480","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99087906,0.000026293112,0.005691378,0.00056435855,0.00008768788,0.0008442353,0.000013973883,0.00015470735,0.0017382905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98596984,0.000058707417,0.013458255,0.00014004397,0.000024725288,0.00014212809,0.000102762235,0.00003417124,0.000069375106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99773127,0.0000588773,0.0007054123,0.00071145286,0.00042993596,0.00036302902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988198,0.00021108025,0.00031516625,0.0005083982,0.000033816235,0.00011173208],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007598482,0.00037041068,0.00040493687,0.00027859333,0.00016365599,0.000041604737,0.00025753083,0.00028439082,0.0002419914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012299747,0.0003292063,0.000044324217,0.0005988849,0.00036245014,0.00036881628,0.000086978216,0.00030901266,0.000023450813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024384557,0.00018166535,0.00073924835,0.00012118676,0.000008640887,4.1865695e-7,0.00064269657,0.0020834894,0.98840344,0.0005621705,0.000007814603,0.007005406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012567521,0.00013518924,0.00664494,0.000036561178,0.000011447943,0.000010783826,0.00012179611,0.048489597,0.9404746,0.00007570419,0.0023957735,0.00034682502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011855539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011311825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047928784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087207765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050882652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962783569","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-47096-6","title":"Investigating fouling at the pore-scale using a microfluidic membrane mimic filtration system","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Colloid; Microfluidics; Polystyrene; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Microfiltration; Chromatography; Polymer; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.0185001015564726,"score_gpt":0.23521241510905724,"score_spread":0.21671231355258463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962783569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911995,0.00018146381,0.00026717596,0.00016955056,0.0027967968,0.00062904594,0.0000013236944,0.00023163811,0.004523482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938066,0.0000022684683,0.0014708227,0.00004755666,0.000027334601,0.000011106864,0.00003168651,0.000017656457,0.004584953],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997466,0.000077417884,0.00057774485,0.00081796816,0.00070814206,0.00035272565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981999,0.000049082868,0.00048008238,0.0011742727,0.000023881812,0.00007282318],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018417084,0.00016694436,0.00017553454,0.00007244827,0.00078887795,0.00026066983,0.00028621807,0.00009724764,0.00091871835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012478596,0.0001239383,0.0001011423,0.0006915911,0.00057870185,0.00037871112,0.00032954253,0.00013975806,0.0006561199],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011747247,0.0000056903955,0.022906858,0.000032655535,0.000004515235,0.000018016757,0.00034691388,0.0058726743,0.9673616,0.000011587999,0.0031950204,0.00024324836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009060491,0.0000138290125,0.0009472453,0.00008317013,0.000023610339,0.00074622396,0.0008377371,0.018450776,0.9716151,0.00041891728,0.006532881,0.00023994311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015749267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005422725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021959612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040215242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000468095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962867199","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.331","title":"Impact of hydraulic retention time and organic matter concentration on side-stream aerobic granular membrane bioreactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary","keywords":"Hydraulic retention time; Membrane bioreactor; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Bioreactor; Fouling; Membrane permeability; Organic matter; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006534914993678559,"score_gpt":0.20312763385599805,"score_spread":0.1965927188623195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962867199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663097,0.0000124372555,0.0000037982002,0.0004574226,0.000052606778,0.0005049797,0.000006609857,0.00001426325,0.0023169334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895424,0.000020057829,0.000050350594,0.00001924425,0.000004364158,0.0000042240076,0.0000019225329,0.000007931918,0.00093765924],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854386,0.000059788817,0.00024430046,0.0003100392,0.00061842,0.0002235951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989421,0.00004049714,0.00025253146,0.00071819144,0.0000038438966,0.00004283023],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044240063,0.00014358683,0.00015696685,0.000030633106,0.00012148631,0.000019959949,0.0005365136,0.000047587204,0.0037652832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029398518,0.00007745889,0.00008441779,0.00026652825,0.0016410525,0.000258197,0.00033247186,0.000101096084,0.0010960781],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018535584,0.00004879524,0.001761253,0.0000034493821,0.000005769238,8.273106e-8,0.0001260386,0.017343776,0.980395,0.000024305882,0.000034912435,0.0002380767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021039588,0.00025408147,0.30462366,0.000015862777,0.000017490938,0.0000072121256,0.000028245044,0.0032803668,0.6912624,0.00020036435,0.0000048805464,0.00009500494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010122713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.1581566e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3028624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019681801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015008789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963091111","doi":"10.3390/membranes9070090","title":"Hybrid Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration–Calcite Contactor: A Novel Point-of-Entry Treatment for Removal of Dissolved Mn, Fe, NOM and Hardness from Domestic Groundwater Supplies","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Manganese; Water treatment; Contactor; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Calcite; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Metallurgy; Environmental science; Mineralogy; Engineering","score_opus":0.015728154455567064,"score_gpt":0.24306805788964886,"score_spread":0.22733990343408178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963091111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970601,0.00015060682,0.0005214969,0.00019561072,0.00020391557,0.00084148254,0.0002896872,0.000062721505,0.0006743644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899404,0.00007210973,0.0043491535,0.000033585347,0.000020999274,0.000072329116,0.00016958463,0.000022642831,0.0053191734],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998699,0.000023850951,0.00039331973,0.00041247383,0.00023579586,0.00023554916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907655,0.00024375565,0.00019968039,0.0004072702,0.000019288993,0.000053439995],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010296199,0.00023456638,0.00043698522,0.000056974663,0.00006643635,0.000032015654,0.0002020486,0.00009010284,0.0012892829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045889898,0.00018279237,0.00010689293,0.00008190387,0.00024217133,0.00033549513,0.00008332795,0.000045402496,0.000081602004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041723426,0.00030156743,0.008310702,0.00014698689,0.00009490166,0.0000074647205,0.00060865906,0.00020373498,0.9874001,0.00019949522,0.00026154288,0.0020475972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039899433,0.0004981817,0.020614564,0.000064957014,0.000108830776,0.000046734785,0.0003265822,0.0010009111,0.95792085,0.00084931933,0.014203136,0.00037597714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004955677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009261445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029479252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006823609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016163362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99962366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963212208","doi":"10.2166/wst.2019.253","title":"Modelling gas–liquid mass transfer in wastewater treatment: when current knowledge needs to encounter engineering practice and vice versa","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Mass transfer; Current (fluid); Process (computing); Process engineering; Greenhouse gas; Work (physics); Mass transfer coefficient; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.011701981307472277,"score_gpt":0.23612075413065028,"score_spread":0.22441877282317801,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963212208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98447806,0.000041790463,0.0114632575,0.0020634336,0.00014252767,0.00043925538,7.1641233e-7,0.0002582639,0.0011126822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99473584,0.000034263892,0.004992106,0.00004892272,0.0000053544254,0.00008387814,6.6843626e-7,0.000011817315,0.00008717467],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982538,0.000016851574,0.0002496337,0.00059318147,0.00023258911,0.0006538989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999388,0.00002720003,0.000017916685,0.00046313618,0.000020435547,0.00008332135],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042608564,0.00020506815,0.00019168557,0.0009090944,0.0001033134,0.000059227128,0.00060621486,0.0001083511,0.00016458773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002792276,0.00014851891,0.000021343807,0.0012073953,0.00035371206,0.0010532496,0.00030409434,0.00017478532,0.0010382998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004133287,0.00006090493,0.0019567127,0.0000064782243,0.0000023566017,0.00000404948,0.006513135,0.06104801,0.9278973,0.00059204013,0.0000021363728,0.0018755776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042232245,0.00042028815,0.00002198116,0.000017886117,0.000005965062,0.000025105843,0.00097509363,0.060156874,0.9206912,0.00028264357,0.01673941,0.00024122284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006474375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022892742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016737273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037064275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015854504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963820808","doi":"10.5360/membrane.33.153","title":"Total Solution for Beverage Production Process by a Combination ofCentrifugation, Membrane Filtration and Centrifugal Thin-filmEvaporation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MEMBRANE","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Process (computing); Centrifugation; Process engineering; Production (economics); Evaporation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012190298802619667,"score_gpt":0.22897490072171914,"score_spread":0.21678460191909948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963820808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97686243,0.00007713944,0.016799703,0.0029728143,0.00035113777,0.0018693879,0.00003257248,0.000382857,0.0006519836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99532354,0.00013523786,0.0014719045,0.00009812112,0.000078115794,0.00022905179,0.00061487936,0.000026922322,0.0020222005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791735,0.000079045094,0.00046738304,0.00063592254,0.00055707264,0.0003432269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991964,0.00005744841,0.00029440792,0.00027462357,0.00009175228,0.000085347514],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043472648,0.0002516223,0.00023163205,0.000101623664,0.0006648145,0.00005826447,0.00014899654,0.0002078971,0.00024464287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041571996,0.00025836265,0.000050467082,0.00045623412,0.0002668594,0.0014244858,0.000042710257,0.00015731138,0.0000611244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002830664,0.00046420595,0.0034293171,0.0001815706,0.000026670488,0.0000025719748,0.0019506175,0.00625306,0.9671111,0.0005202829,0.015860194,0.0039173416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017638594,0.00026628404,0.005958089,0.000021229607,0.00003196189,0.00010766726,0.00014620282,0.035619907,0.95271605,0.00081833353,0.0021129705,0.00043743366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006610604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036197238,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029366845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018364635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036099595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999869},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963828708","doi":"10.1039/c9en00455f","title":"Water disinfection using Ag nanoparticle–CuO nanowire co-modified 3D copper foam nanocomposites in high flow under low voltages","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Nano","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Calgary Laboratory Services; University of Calgary","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Copper; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Sterilization (economics); Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Electroporation; Low voltage; Nanowire; Nanotechnology; Voltage; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.008642810106436334,"score_gpt":0.2313124891654875,"score_spread":0.22266967905905116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963828708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970146,0.000021136486,0.00012334523,0.00018296276,0.00036619202,0.0007001259,0.000010885382,0.00013195768,0.0014487873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99763244,0.000020551672,0.0011722774,0.00020898665,0.000019388177,0.000031688895,0.000019154422,0.000029499888,0.0008660282],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99653,0.00008423174,0.00044106043,0.0010081679,0.000993967,0.0009425887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990449,0.00004240892,0.00011494568,0.00063721876,0.0000029231414,0.00015758257],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062782713,0.0003479747,0.00029434686,0.00020248735,0.00048365575,0.00015133519,0.0006828713,0.00016672097,0.004016188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001616802,0.00027753066,0.00007362522,0.0005885761,0.0015072507,0.0016352307,0.000587568,0.00021124588,0.004424378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001927794,0.00017783335,0.09062164,0.00000498631,0.0000029895164,0.0000037269942,0.00020143834,0.04797124,0.8598032,0.000028609129,0.000036135858,0.0011289015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006642958,0.00012596672,0.08945078,0.000022241145,0.000007538171,0.000016456233,0.0001791934,0.014423671,0.8941818,0.00020092427,0.0003124393,0.00041468634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030201545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004362889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0343786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012840203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021594587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964582705","doi":"10.1680/jenes.18.00044","title":"Use of a coupled SBR–MBR for treatment of produced water enriched by halophilic bacteria","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Suspended solids; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Bioreactor; Halophile; Membrane fouling; Biochemical oxygen demand; Sequencing batch reactor; Wastewater; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Bacteria; Activated sludge; Biology","score_opus":0.010543026971142197,"score_gpt":0.19868965880547787,"score_spread":0.18814663183433566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964582705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993674,0.000057121903,0.00019507213,0.00005213526,0.000090653746,0.000213436,0.000009322246,0.0000061285336,0.000008716368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970536,0.000112381276,0.002637395,0.000005127251,0.0000064984984,0.000003965272,0.000001381856,0.000006974049,0.00017266929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990535,0.000006007891,0.00031795478,0.00016985234,0.00027689664,0.00017578829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995604,0.000042882304,0.0001600306,0.00016926152,0.000005229851,0.0000621685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024016613,0.00010941066,0.00023378205,0.00007893331,0.00003097562,0.00001541316,0.00017105283,0.00003520302,0.00014672022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037320457,0.00007401377,0.000051261253,0.0000905195,0.0002519652,0.0003896768,0.000059425784,0.000031649488,0.000005074162],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029217179,0.00009312836,0.0040403563,0.000011771599,0.000008534678,4.626664e-7,0.00021750403,0.005385043,0.98959607,0.000005279138,0.0000108234635,0.00060182007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005499061,0.0008851538,0.030431582,0.000011358809,0.000014388943,0.000020531628,0.00004505427,0.010265604,0.9564835,0.000010067403,0.0011811617,0.00010169818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006996635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0688304e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033112567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012320532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000719534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3018194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964691042","doi":"10.1039/c9cc04851k","title":"Formation of a thin and continuous MOF membrane with 2-D MOF nanosheets as seeds <i>via</i> layer-by-layer growth","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Regional Municipality of Waterloo; University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Layer (electronics); Layer by layer; Seeding; Polymer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Thin layer; Thin film; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012276980177975334,"score_gpt":0.2329098956151932,"score_spread":0.22063291543721789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964691042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96143067,0.00016886153,0.00031313385,0.0020053973,0.000009704997,0.00039560336,0.000013263836,0.000121573525,0.03554178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953211,0.00018647715,0.0036994056,0.00023831746,0.0000021589965,0.000046745747,0.0000635325,0.000013709021,0.0004285502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990487,0.000050043764,0.00029312895,0.000195709,0.00024437398,0.00016801892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845475,0.00016633412,0.00017735732,0.0011067411,0.000034336936,0.000060498918],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015289363,0.00013842291,0.00021370579,0.00003505295,0.00008727907,0.00002206862,0.0007746464,0.00012512661,0.0002004056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007559622,0.00011783963,0.000031919375,0.00027973656,0.00047413167,0.00038078488,0.00054629234,0.00022294064,0.00019259167],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001950888,0.000096472926,0.0020475953,0.000024965313,0.000009190974,1.2891492e-7,0.00036805385,0.000012409719,0.9948397,0.00087988086,0.0013100896,0.00039196957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047699522,0.000071455186,0.00022797211,0.000024725687,0.000017859365,0.000016511163,0.00024205333,0.0019127545,0.99345285,0.0009593205,0.0024413809,0.00015612552],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018061661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021774676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03511323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054417036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009434811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48053607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965095907","doi":"10.3390/polym11081310","title":"A Review on Porous Polymeric Membrane Preparation. Part II: Production Techniques with Polyethylene, Polydimethylsiloxane, Polypropylene, Polyimide, and Polytetrafluoroethylene","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Materials science; Polydimethylsiloxane; Membrane; Polymer; Polyimide; Polypropylene; Polyethylene; Porosity; Fabrication; Composite material; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Layer (electronics); Chemistry","score_opus":0.030712930223955496,"score_gpt":0.30105707280755284,"score_spread":0.27034414258359735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965095907","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019543899,0.98170614,0.000010178592,0.0011670596,0.0005681275,0.0054852236,0.00011543329,0.001248309,0.009504078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00015023278,0.9830156,0.0009719866,0.0015349608,0.0002555445,0.0011645812,0.0002415084,0.00032690624,0.012338653],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9919559,0.0005981183,0.0018307375,0.0028849498,0.0013575879,0.0013727531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947387,0.000259632,0.0017869109,0.00274354,0.000042998312,0.0004281909],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008326223,0.0019923535,0.0035101373,0.0007683491,0.00064242404,0.000127925,0.0012381476,0.00091342075,0.0020200184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002985711,0.0015292354,0.0005186327,0.0024446484,0.0011855596,0.000768219,0.0007117822,0.0012326464,0.00080340286],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010408984,0.00023419182,0.000009752458,0.012443702,0.00025569636,0.00001840213,0.00007315312,0.00000309544,0.00074584887,0.00010090007,0.008530725,0.9774805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002826608,0.001594058,0.000008421016,0.025233975,0.0016255596,0.0004640592,0.000037069,0.0000023336197,0.018820709,0.000013047897,0.9499244,0.0019937034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072422845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007551553,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97548676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005628757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034766234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969655739","doi":"10.3390/nano9091186","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Permeation; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.019918132192158145,"score_gpt":0.23959249851141456,"score_spread":0.2196743663192564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969655739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947387,0.00004080389,0.00008266476,0.0003856223,0.0005564724,0.0011647419,0.00004811268,0.00027218368,0.0027106798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98739696,0.000013161027,0.002659684,0.00011444916,0.000071054754,0.00027639416,0.00010225129,0.000036248057,0.009329792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846077,0.00006333471,0.00041283676,0.00047484945,0.00019453691,0.00039367855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931324,0.00005536186,0.00013206762,0.00043626377,0.000009751955,0.00005330987],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002338397,0.00026808903,0.00036423927,0.000053941745,0.00017809912,0.00012243557,0.0002767831,0.00014224973,0.0041213217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012862489,0.00017252695,0.000097623866,0.000078454774,0.00011091307,0.00048773925,0.00016465528,0.000022581542,0.0023228433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066566674,0.00003327294,0.0015112892,0.00003158943,0.0000192236,0.0000016326258,0.00016042881,0.00057568756,0.996798,0.00020318468,0.00015337735,0.00044577033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006968019,0.00026666792,0.00019192747,0.000012987373,0.000020283056,0.0000091318025,0.000046533532,0.00020859716,0.9900821,0.0002317794,0.007966984,0.0002662033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015481742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019888717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007813606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001393475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009789854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971266171","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124691","title":"Removal of trace organic contaminants by melamine-tuned highly cross-linked polyamide TFC membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Tata Memorial Centre; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Melamine; Polyamide; Interfacial polymerization; Chemistry; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Amine gas treating; Polymerization; Diamine; Chemical engineering; Diazinon; Nuclear chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Pesticide","score_opus":0.006907063349717994,"score_gpt":0.2305666708840134,"score_spread":0.2236596075342954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971266171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9779594,0.00050180836,0.000044143166,0.00025208513,0.00020888954,0.0003934313,0.00001237629,0.00022156784,0.020406298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9614809,0.000074643016,0.0011201754,0.00009160741,0.000014658953,0.00000935932,0.000016759388,0.000035722016,0.037156165],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981967,0.000031118965,0.0004543972,0.00051863916,0.00042629804,0.0003728009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99882334,0.000085656626,0.00025873943,0.0007325542,0.00002334698,0.00007636231],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019983927,0.00025684197,0.00039488176,0.000010671085,0.00007125405,0.00003424467,0.00065108767,0.00026430277,0.013181054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013079606,0.00023410925,0.00008707651,0.0003765404,0.00037630196,0.00033265082,0.00020618697,0.00018649838,0.002114701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005291713,0.000076842254,0.013065576,0.00006322219,0.000016420254,0.000015486206,0.00014164412,0.000050976032,0.98061866,0.000053648368,0.0024945969,0.0033500246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010264923,0.00008835829,0.013310759,0.000020328072,0.0000140603315,0.000035537054,0.00026251972,0.00023307311,0.9632,0.00013784392,0.021386204,0.00028487737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016560151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006978812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018891606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120270444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022245244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971622111","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122103","title":"Application of radial basis function artificial neural network to quantify interfacial energies related to membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Radial basis function; Fouling; Artificial neural network; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Biological system; Bioreactor; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010797245261080127,"score_gpt":0.23967303638712542,"score_spread":0.22887579112604528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971622111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942756,0.000032475324,0.0011160467,0.0021806287,0.00030570177,0.0010377045,0.000007302674,0.00059519004,0.00044932865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99787,0.0000051842194,0.0016595084,0.00016848571,0.00003724232,0.00012677879,0.000013929423,0.00003303364,0.00008583695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766797,0.00006384919,0.0007068692,0.0007271942,0.00030522185,0.00052888587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988714,0.00007951136,0.0002263451,0.0007219252,0.000021029817,0.00007978747],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037024677,0.00027157017,0.0004479448,0.00071160553,0.00007179136,0.000020148225,0.0006518396,0.0005493319,0.0004060321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002165066,0.00027431553,0.00009146757,0.0027996611,0.0002490049,0.000121505625,0.00045770293,0.00033152566,0.0009887813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034649414,0.00006887325,0.047045603,0.000012844081,0.000015182141,0.000002033386,0.00023647389,0.07276843,0.84143376,0.0021577124,0.00013483947,0.035777733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009598367,0.0011636494,0.04262796,0.000062588726,0.00004525513,0.000015526988,0.0010279394,0.023118706,0.90941226,0.001694361,0.019073652,0.00079827016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003386809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042333463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06797847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016793681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012615286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999709},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2971983339","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134288","title":"On the design of sustainable antifouling system for the crossflow filtration of oily water systems: A multicontinuum and CFD investigation of the periodic feed pressure technique","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Biofouling; Emulsion; Porosity; Oil droplet; Process engineering; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.010187973744003325,"score_gpt":0.19479325398320022,"score_spread":0.1846052802391969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2971983339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939609,0.00006625847,0.0012446569,0.00069987244,0.00007982069,0.0038111797,0.000008778193,0.000010638733,0.00011786564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988528,0.000009223645,0.00024566732,0.0000071162867,0.000004062321,0.00016766952,2.569628e-7,0.0000071431236,0.00070609694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983317,0.00021056672,0.00036735763,0.0002263082,0.00064529944,0.0002187391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982611,0.00032435305,0.00045221212,0.00092516263,0.000021021577,0.000016143116],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028817398,0.00012666153,0.00017832287,0.000027009772,0.0004551981,0.00003800619,0.0010875788,0.000056677938,0.00002649036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016118056,0.000044845845,0.000067568435,0.00020440723,0.0031775343,0.0001746785,0.0004944541,0.00010947469,0.0000034603531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024423514,0.00001408371,0.00016598412,0.0000978538,0.0000080359905,1.7474203e-8,0.0012757607,0.26441547,0.73298687,0.00097085076,0.000011031359,0.000029600686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017119762,0.0001242054,0.005716574,0.00010842131,0.000039811297,0.0000033562337,0.004478729,0.04989761,0.9390623,0.00032450625,0.000012540151,0.00006072229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019366603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.097474e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21451786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008709185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027898752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99953526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975051788","doi":"10.1002/cite.201900064","title":"Treatment of Oily and Salty Mining Water by Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemie Ingenieur Technik","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Salt (chemistry); Environmental science; Potash; Ceramic; Pulp and paper industry; Water treatment; Salt lake; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Geology; Potassium; Engineering","score_opus":0.008928678123600013,"score_gpt":0.22054743555972384,"score_spread":0.21161875743612382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975051788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915445,0.00015438478,0.000028100865,0.00015048824,0.000037757636,0.00030246118,0.0000054758702,0.00019799807,0.0075788316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99671423,0.00015496011,0.0011696783,0.000024735557,0.0000072428224,0.00004039865,0.000023558065,0.000014986742,0.0018502289],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991042,0.000009359802,0.00021849462,0.0003041509,0.00016824568,0.00019555242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995515,0.00002725432,0.00007557132,0.00030845788,0.000006324093,0.000030910272],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006655508,0.00015264057,0.00018550853,0.000038071994,0.00004619354,0.000016301623,0.00014491945,0.00012339899,0.00057607424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011674868,0.00011342488,0.000034481465,0.00010234005,0.00013962353,0.00015687442,0.000074925854,0.00003985449,0.00013156242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010013964,0.000039898827,0.008257432,0.000025338719,0.0000069225694,6.9511253e-7,0.00034810955,0.000012789951,0.98612326,0.000007071023,0.00039200534,0.0047764387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031297965,0.0001528215,0.00033817044,0.0000070845545,0.000010367246,0.000009697919,0.00012273563,0.00013459085,0.9904675,0.00008195375,0.008225175,0.00013694506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048757778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005822894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007919261,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009730219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003832867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63076085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976557765","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.100945","title":"High-strength ammonium wastewater treatment by MBR: Steady-state nitrification kinetic parameters","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"EnGlobe (Canada); Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"EnGlobe; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Ammoniacal nitrogen; Chemistry; Nitrification; Leachate; Wastewater; Ammonium; Steady state (chemistry); Effluent; Nitrogen; Bioreactor; Substrate (aquarium); Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.006655329113982308,"score_gpt":0.199370322508061,"score_spread":0.1927149933940787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976557765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986817,0.00004790892,0.00054520724,0.0002133003,0.00020304645,0.00016708185,0.0000032202133,0.00005984054,0.000078699195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970784,0.00005011072,0.002023046,0.000011982767,0.000016830072,0.000011326054,0.0000070222677,0.000022672555,0.00077859394],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988193,0.000014306691,0.0004148864,0.00017830217,0.00029478967,0.00027840823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953717,0.000019618665,0.00015524506,0.00019520152,0.000018987255,0.00007376803],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014308495,0.00018576937,0.00023495533,0.00010497185,0.000025398207,0.00005436184,0.00025911862,0.00006183308,0.00020534777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012442828,0.00011848852,0.00005945082,0.00011307008,0.0000273236,0.00042090582,0.000032508455,0.00014646036,0.0002363462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051099007,0.00007490798,0.0016014292,0.00004926087,0.000043297146,0.00000783425,0.0008828248,0.32409823,0.67124295,0.0000032831053,0.00014870777,0.0017961857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005423082,0.00028278705,0.00041532645,0.000025427971,0.000019936002,0.000029080613,0.00007367022,0.0038881612,0.9925022,0.00005375929,0.0019991945,0.00016810902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026308051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001078182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32125932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019075218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060846696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48318216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976695666","doi":"10.1039/c9ew00616h","title":"An alginate active layer of polyether sulfone membrane suppresses algae-fouling in repeated filtration of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> for a higher recovery of water permeation flux","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nutrasource","funders":"Xiamen Southern Oceanographic Center; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","keywords":"Sulfone; Membrane; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Interfacial polymerization; Chloride; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Monomer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.022269207515210172,"score_gpt":0.30067745448121574,"score_spread":0.2784082469660056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976695666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99718016,0.000018373032,0.0001301421,0.00046967348,0.00006339575,0.0011647111,0.000028899864,0.000049021855,0.00089562073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980463,0.000034453962,0.0009820702,0.00001153273,0.0000055657943,0.000108351785,0.000056991496,0.00002359925,0.000731181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967481,0.000121479505,0.0006033321,0.0007763888,0.00097046763,0.0007802388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988571,0.00007055207,0.00016172772,0.00081354583,0.000036495876,0.000060617756],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018852536,0.00020242599,0.0003780209,0.0007988061,0.00012943859,0.000019025552,0.0010387836,0.00029594902,0.0026719358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007329815,0.000145853,0.000060364197,0.0007649887,0.003147606,0.00090435706,0.0005850581,0.00033243085,0.00011933683],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024702394,0.00027649108,0.011885094,0.000035836732,0.000009553807,0.0000018904803,0.00082734454,0.0024665387,0.98188245,0.00009185779,0.000013014368,0.0022628976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006438811,0.00096344174,0.008130496,0.000028707704,0.000006037003,0.0000041930066,0.00092340965,0.0012056675,0.9856832,0.0019860563,0.00025580067,0.0001690762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038635387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036917143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038007759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034952865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024112203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99956524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2978787331","doi":"10.1038/s41545-019-0044-z","title":"Carbon-based polymer nanocomposite membranes for oily wastewater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Graphene; Biofouling; Carbon fibers; Wetting; Oxide; Nanotechnology; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Composite number; Engineering","score_opus":0.010865744963381186,"score_gpt":0.22187328698114878,"score_spread":0.21100754201776759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2978787331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914866,0.000021962767,0.000013129491,0.0009784271,0.00017286796,0.0007382172,0.000007785874,0.00019666049,0.0063843615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828229,0.0000034577035,0.0004902881,0.00030684788,0.000026386593,0.00011614186,0.00003475496,0.000032943706,0.016166277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998749,0.0000278523,0.00020673427,0.00040836394,0.0001895483,0.00041847533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938655,0.000033626813,0.00003856887,0.0004769766,0.0000057406596,0.00005854997],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008846794,0.00021495877,0.00020296918,0.000052688065,0.0000774235,0.000038879785,0.00023739538,0.00010758565,0.0026929665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002480574,0.00013148277,0.00010639201,0.00005717733,0.00009541014,0.00010900307,0.0000723647,0.00004772825,0.0022960226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012147673,0.0000844648,0.008021746,0.0000331593,0.000020960724,0.0000031616512,0.00032987475,0.0013586321,0.9864278,0.000016552207,0.00026903846,0.0033131244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010258063,0.00029647988,0.0003234937,0.000005990399,0.000017817958,0.000002420414,0.00005469137,0.0024808683,0.9729719,0.00007275787,0.02253058,0.00021718485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002500217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006079633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022261541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013564322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005753955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979306278","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116212","title":"Adsorption mechanisms of crude oil onto polytetrafluoroethylene membrane: Kinetics and isotherm, and strategies for adsorption fouling control","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Exothermic reaction; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Microfiltration; Diffusion; Kinetics; Activation energy; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010056122767074406,"score_gpt":0.25024434280715246,"score_spread":0.24018822004007806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979306278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92844564,0.00039230043,0.06794118,0.0016083576,0.000068633926,0.0005851112,0.000017778282,0.000209668,0.0007313209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921886,0.0005415335,0.0065926197,0.00009860612,0.000009465017,0.00011548026,0.000022908513,0.000015689786,0.00041514265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988243,0.00003942265,0.0003761014,0.0004260611,0.00015108206,0.00018303056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992779,0.00007695182,0.00027438192,0.0002859874,0.000044884233,0.00003987959],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025776352,0.00017363954,0.0002480276,0.00020237056,0.00007129938,0.000047031743,0.00012325619,0.0003394577,0.00012533709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006042968,0.00017345212,0.000024719373,0.00022544227,0.00029663008,0.00034141383,0.000041626896,0.00011026626,0.000019288122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057924022,0.00003042375,0.0005590388,0.00005726478,0.000010107846,4.7945615e-8,0.00014782313,0.00017245057,0.9075608,0.0769203,0.000022040262,0.01446174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016577009,0.00063045876,0.0035744964,0.000025886467,0.000044801975,0.000018054914,0.0014687161,0.014041994,0.9296196,0.046860673,0.0017601016,0.00029750512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030061185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008201588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063742906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003555057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013371517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70731723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979798227","doi":"10.1002/adfm.201905229","title":"Bioinspired Graphene Oxide Membranes with Dual Transport Mechanisms for Precise Molecular Separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeance; Graphene; Facilitated diffusion; Oxide; Ethylene oxide; Gas separation; Ethylene; Selectivity; Molecule; Molecular dynamics; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Computational chemistry; Composite material; Copolymer","score_opus":0.00832331746324635,"score_gpt":0.22283992483895182,"score_spread":0.21451660737570546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979798227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94439065,0.000013290029,0.052935544,0.00014307475,0.00038322085,0.00115328,0.00007734124,0.00024111949,0.0006624943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759583,0.00001044395,0.022439435,0.00016789243,0.000016250913,0.00041973608,0.0002499671,0.000032007545,0.000705987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985625,0.000026104883,0.00031054555,0.00048433727,0.00035951787,0.0002569967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994128,0.000046067133,0.00015700162,0.00030523218,0.000029723204,0.00004920679],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017888116,0.00021876063,0.0002509941,0.000060726452,0.00009751117,0.00002555846,0.00012529206,0.00010600843,0.002507067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021572818,0.00018383864,0.00005590237,0.00018945585,0.000081612096,0.00049713446,0.000027634116,0.000040711686,0.0003564843],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00065706205,0.00003659985,0.00017160448,0.000033775,0.000019043338,0.0000023750279,0.0000142097815,0.025587909,0.96686167,0.006403674,0.00003565673,0.00017641102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001068265,0.0002989384,0.0036731716,0.000015140666,0.000025701904,0.0000129278305,0.000038335016,0.000056012104,0.98370767,0.009547589,0.001298767,0.00025751314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018116823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020443264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031567644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005701566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015979005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980648088","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2019.115212","title":"Membrane ageing in full-scale water treatment plants","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.050428950054523,"score_gpt":0.32232556777297583,"score_spread":0.27189661771845286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980648088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97615695,0.00000627046,0.0000017649392,0.0010344153,0.000052072384,0.00047991922,0.0000019000692,0.00006654729,0.022200154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97810835,0.000032872795,0.00008523556,0.00002744505,0.000012393491,0.000068347916,0.000018710718,0.0000137421675,0.021632887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801904,0.00013452489,0.00017672987,0.000393527,0.00053517375,0.0007410329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945056,0.000018945919,0.000007766546,0.00045763105,0.000005595755,0.000059473943],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006009278,0.00011426455,0.00014748718,0.0001607503,0.00008815904,0.00005224045,0.0003486344,0.00009249775,0.01185786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006970546,0.000061716,0.000028968012,0.000121818935,0.00014318629,0.00025876428,0.00041043494,0.00021113521,0.03628345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004904723,0.0000666412,0.008240433,0.000008495952,0.0000034587774,0.000056982062,0.0017511939,0.00049289124,0.98721206,0.000005805666,0.00019129609,0.0019217213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004697431,0.00018928491,0.0036959038,0.0000088106735,6.316081e-7,0.0000067378637,0.00023882904,0.00031092874,0.9754025,0.00023530908,0.019335942,0.000105421765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012687853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000922813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024425587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030783901,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004548323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98904544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980869721","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.068","title":"Tannic acid modified MoS2 nanosheet membranes with superior water flux and ion/dye rejection","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Nanosheet; Tannic acid; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Exfoliation joint; Desalination; Flux (metallurgy); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006617909362984125,"score_gpt":0.2221773413794426,"score_spread":0.21555943201645847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980869721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962622,0.00014159596,0.000171981,0.00067905476,0.00022636993,0.00015159915,7.4993056e-7,0.000018880968,0.0023475469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971903,0.00010403997,0.00057514623,0.00008036123,0.000012906259,0.0000017771139,1.11804844e-7,0.000005742965,0.002029638],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987689,0.000023573064,0.00025759637,0.00025162695,0.00046478573,0.00023347235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995409,0.000017701688,0.00013065772,0.00016554695,0.00004904472,0.00009613561],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052874367,0.00012298192,0.0001928826,0.00012620415,0.00018036731,0.00015876422,0.00031740987,0.0000515285,0.00044549245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047784895,0.00007067108,0.000023260935,0.00030781352,0.0007590899,0.0013295946,0.00016902965,0.00016282,0.000053038966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008674863,0.000014486429,0.0025558267,0.000009579528,0.000004127405,8.110604e-7,0.00049610145,0.0011100903,0.9952209,0.000021363208,0.0001276729,0.0003522966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043617273,0.00071004214,0.0028468743,0.000039749328,0.0000077999075,0.00025879283,0.0009796758,0.0012010193,0.9916229,0.00013283285,0.0016440476,0.00012004779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017515156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014885818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035979503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079272904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033652992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.487783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982113574","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125232","title":"Molecular insights into the impacts of iron(III) ions on membrane fouling by alginate","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Elongation; Ion; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Size-exclusion chromatography; Molecular dynamics; Surface charge; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Materials science; Computational chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00476020004241484,"score_gpt":0.21841709389542424,"score_spread":0.2136568938530094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982113574","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638054,0.00024991648,0.00010669462,0.00074917346,0.000059520095,0.0002746093,8.9017647e-7,0.00007863675,0.034675166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99821603,0.00005032794,0.00034144006,0.00032516138,0.000004608291,0.000010955017,0.0000054362836,0.000015402245,0.0010306225],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990387,0.000024556808,0.0001832638,0.00026905403,0.000291874,0.00019254838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991785,0.000056897214,0.00011016879,0.0005998701,0.000007773653,0.000046740577],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000960862,0.00014524956,0.0001585841,0.000006943961,0.000072604416,0.00001734526,0.00044551297,0.00010601338,0.0020044816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049818264,0.000099119534,0.00005621919,0.00024626445,0.00019742364,0.00012070632,0.00016212817,0.00017109237,0.0008427011],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014789403,0.00004291197,0.00082545273,0.000020968371,0.000009384075,0.0000018855404,0.000742408,0.0036610703,0.98921824,0.0004826714,0.0022091863,0.0027710118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029684094,0.000069638205,0.00054394,0.000019183479,0.0000073581054,9.2198695e-7,0.0003846674,0.0011249299,0.9896325,0.0007279012,0.007064222,0.00012788807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001981249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024711951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03441065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079124446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000927631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985273026","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134951","title":"Bio-inspired anchoring of amino-functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) onto PES membrane using polydopamine for oily wastewater treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Wetting; Biofouling; Surface modification; Filtration (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.023016582104400524,"score_gpt":0.23615014363973377,"score_spread":0.21313356153533325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985273026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977747,0.00007516363,0.00002756464,0.00033706543,0.0002079476,0.0011164948,0.000014361935,0.000026564714,0.00042012156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931068,0.000030124605,0.0022453975,0.0000107966325,0.000016650169,0.00005064646,0.0000017532902,0.00001572248,0.0045221485],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979143,0.000054371154,0.0004045572,0.0004742336,0.00075907505,0.000393472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864566,0.00007337052,0.00030232692,0.00091694144,0.00000820142,0.000053500262],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054326426,0.00023668807,0.00029107204,0.000067187655,0.00024854107,0.000019863439,0.0008230109,0.00005826176,0.00042535612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043604,0.00013183974,0.0001554801,0.0002633346,0.0014997827,0.00022606106,0.0005069324,0.000064259366,0.00004363092],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048046488,0.00013062893,0.0008944888,0.000012253418,0.00001816835,1.05711166e-7,0.00034802107,0.11389436,0.8841833,0.000036202204,0.0000022707732,0.00043215163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000881586,0.00026117597,0.010930831,0.000025836114,0.00005104633,0.00000536558,0.0002858797,0.050401267,0.93677753,0.000066459244,0.00014801357,0.00016499154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008574742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011428134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063493095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005915645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003359518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5526012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985864624","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135540","title":"Filtration behaviors and fouling mechanisms of ultrafiltration process with polyacrylamide flocculation for water treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Flocculation; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Polyacrylamide; Water treatment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Process (computing); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008471935173613982,"score_gpt":0.21802541812734297,"score_spread":0.209553482953729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985864624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99694717,0.0000035366568,0.0014802868,0.00039363714,0.000031781077,0.000987564,0.0000042088986,0.000011227622,0.0001405618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984023,0.0000040525188,0.0012078482,0.000005825017,0.0000030606686,0.000051603147,0.0000028876393,0.000005580976,0.00031683577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989897,0.000018444518,0.00018021255,0.00023034062,0.00042328078,0.00015802689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994747,0.00002414979,0.00013903376,0.0003361572,0.0000058811115,0.000020058053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003402621,0.00010060371,0.00010100808,0.00002462217,0.00017760141,0.000014799788,0.00024287702,0.000029334158,0.00010656057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010382074,0.000045514447,0.00003101802,0.000109002634,0.000700277,0.0003363941,0.00006996027,0.00003252396,0.000012460962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018633547,0.00003077657,0.00024130715,0.000005236178,0.0000028770596,1.46716905e-8,0.0005291761,0.1828719,0.8156431,0.00033442417,4.7300418e-7,0.00032214477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023844131,0.0003523614,0.009561081,0.000008369239,0.000026472131,0.000003990699,0.0004210203,0.010582971,0.97712165,0.0016122258,0.0000024883363,0.000068899666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004014966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024177712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17228892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000104696395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011691315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25801998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985965608","doi":"10.1089/ees.2019.0209","title":"Biofouling of an Aerated Membrane Reactor: Four Distinct Microbial Communities","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Engineering Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; Queen's University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Biofouling; Membrane; Biofilm; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Microbial population biology; Fouling; Aeration; Bioreactor; Chemistry; Compartment (ship); Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00878088743762921,"score_gpt":0.19614827611412897,"score_spread":0.18736738867649977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985965608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99800617,0.000009628914,0.00020673657,0.000019252533,0.00019280826,0.00020898113,0.000015470941,0.00014909262,0.001191872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956412,0.00000887615,0.0041324007,0.000019437466,0.000010366182,0.000006232248,0.0000144476235,0.000018762667,0.00014828335],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985535,0.000020764051,0.00026498982,0.0003174284,0.0004849256,0.0003583644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991445,0.00004691422,0.000099899284,0.0006112622,0.0000024983085,0.00009493978],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040282196,0.00018925291,0.00018648792,0.000111708214,0.00011252163,0.000041415435,0.0008494852,0.000066014254,0.0015914865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030564184,0.00018698121,0.000039229446,0.0003810022,0.0007704039,0.00077677815,0.00039744817,0.00018971843,0.00038798558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006161508,0.00004558404,0.009829751,0.000008727985,0.0000026086047,0.0000015608629,0.00028531865,0.03268459,0.9565542,0.000029340801,0.000004584133,0.0005475999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002897274,0.00014655042,0.075113535,0.00002228261,0.0000059612976,0.000026386931,0.00044781063,0.048838895,0.87411094,0.000010614571,0.0006639468,0.0003233398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011643244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011859561,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08244322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022647434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011052198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2988354476","doi":"10.1039/c9ra06745k","title":"Efficiencies and mechanisms of the chemical cleaning of fouled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes during the microfiltration of alkali/surfactant/polymer flooding oilfield wastewater","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Cleaning agent; Reagent; Pulmonary surfactant; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Chemistry; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Fouling; Biofouling; Polymer; Alkali metal; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005542931619102685,"score_gpt":0.2034444102090586,"score_spread":0.1979014785899559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2988354476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982379,0.00054038735,0.00018572411,0.00014950531,0.00008839828,0.00019994799,0.000004591339,0.000022295846,0.00057123305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99901164,0.00010737941,0.0006853223,0.000015884843,0.0000054360617,0.0000039572355,4.8546804e-7,0.000007816882,0.00016210732],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989737,0.00003935298,0.0003192194,0.00020079213,0.00030396236,0.00016295354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992686,0.00014317395,0.0002621192,0.0002994511,0.0000114889035,0.000015151678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019460174,0.00011802787,0.00020636275,0.000028208147,0.00007596167,0.000008566397,0.00033728578,0.00006626442,0.00017757084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060617163,0.000068799454,0.000055650893,0.00019960108,0.00038931065,0.00023199728,0.00019281355,0.000096313684,0.00000411054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023722747,0.000015199138,0.003148166,0.00008776357,0.0000074287177,1.0353311e-7,0.00047639685,0.0008421974,0.9942187,0.0006652183,0.0000011899771,0.0005139204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019565855,0.000041510306,0.0018363211,0.00004533645,0.000011750663,0.000004976346,0.0014171464,0.0003667681,0.9954113,0.00057719415,0.000012004995,0.00008006778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004227355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014670283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013118449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014737535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061527517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28055602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2988772143","doi":"10.3390/membranes9110153","title":"How Molecular Weight Cut-Offs and Physicochemical Properties of Polyether Sulfone Membranes Affect Peptide Migration and Selectivity during Electrodialysis with Filtration Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Electrodialysis; Peptide; Selectivity; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface charge; Context (archaeology); Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0057532206786849865,"score_gpt":0.187002079200872,"score_spread":0.18124885852218703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2988772143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969886,0.00079485046,0.00006132495,0.000932292,0.00002646744,0.0006717032,0.0000037849502,0.00016309682,0.00035789007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99830556,0.00039341155,0.00029181803,0.000032238648,0.00002910882,0.000065065695,0.000011844041,0.000037988753,0.00083297223],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808925,0.00013755515,0.00025269768,0.0006720847,0.0004897828,0.0003586232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991965,0.00007185349,0.00021413797,0.000409744,0.00003595756,0.00007176221],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020287045,0.0003621723,0.0004967451,0.00012784857,0.0001391328,0.000116522446,0.00018772481,0.00016363704,0.00009606717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007693367,0.0002776362,0.00007036371,0.00047195185,0.00043560873,0.0008094397,0.000098558055,0.0001881642,0.000013930897],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021784526,0.00006972838,0.019174809,0.0005962671,0.00006591145,0.0000029577125,0.00056479574,0.000364159,0.97851896,0.00003560233,0.000008172382,0.00038078616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071579136,0.00017461489,0.008639323,0.000062850384,0.00008585431,0.000041014384,0.00022433801,0.0012798746,0.9882311,0.00007210655,0.00011117734,0.00036194737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040352932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000610094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010535485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051386338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001852567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989589778","doi":"10.1002/bit.27240","title":"Development of isoporous microslit silicon nitride membranes for sterile filtration applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Materials science; Silicon nitride; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Silicon; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Permeation; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009502017825553792,"score_gpt":0.21634116354096736,"score_spread":0.20683914571541356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989589778","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9727418,0.00019909871,0.025945418,0.00019960494,0.000039910818,0.0005459511,0.0000074347918,0.0002099839,0.00011084261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9596649,0.000053366144,0.040017582,0.000013881412,0.0000054544125,0.00010898603,0.000013066702,0.0000076422875,0.00011511164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994188,0.0000023355021,0.00019409513,0.00020159221,0.000050383733,0.00013280458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997122,0.0000236131,0.00006190234,0.00018194369,0.000005437587,0.000014874381],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000085058535,0.00009107525,0.000120317105,0.00007341152,0.000053118216,0.0000063152647,0.00013391986,0.00019836736,0.00006162648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011317623,0.00008714582,0.00001771134,0.00014686749,0.00009549838,0.00006638614,0.00007676269,0.00006055248,0.000037143513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006959443,0.000013214538,0.000532176,0.000090586094,0.000008568067,6.3149535e-8,0.000050158193,0.00021198383,0.9832134,0.00063497084,0.000012924626,0.015224976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001593489,0.000037132762,0.000667596,0.0000072205717,0.000004860931,0.000004468621,0.00012101522,0.0012236163,0.96174616,0.000094190436,0.035830524,0.000103882165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000391033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010362373,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035817597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024918747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062065255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35537034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989943796","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135365","title":"Graphene-based electro-conductive anti-fouling membranes for the treatment of oil sands produced water","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Stillborn and Neonatal Death Charity","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Anode; Polyaniline; Oxide; Graphene; Composite material; Electrode; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.013118092662430315,"score_gpt":0.22244943309903967,"score_spread":0.20933134043660936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989943796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99595857,0.00011129425,0.0000327415,0.0024532333,0.00017604732,0.0008172886,0.0000063962957,0.00001880956,0.0004256318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982264,0.00011191151,0.00029809438,0.000020561369,0.000011440833,0.000094615134,0.0000010141348,0.000010379021,0.0012255849],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825567,0.0000501645,0.00026667622,0.0004009018,0.0006482671,0.0003783158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985578,0.00012440387,0.00018657504,0.0010947596,0.000008010016,0.000028450577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007294832,0.00018096603,0.0002057161,0.00003890618,0.00039068924,0.000020005145,0.0010584982,0.00003867035,0.00041037693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030758725,0.000069612346,0.00016417583,0.00026851668,0.002372147,0.00015802741,0.00020430406,0.00006867366,0.000065667664],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036650043,0.000106484884,0.00014466561,0.000009837559,0.000015446223,3.8674457e-8,0.0005990949,0.18485521,0.8128616,0.000059858015,0.0000070341325,0.0013040417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041560974,0.0003595298,0.0025954687,0.000006832065,0.00004443688,0.0000020042808,0.0002901561,0.0071051395,0.9883952,0.00038616025,0.00029404793,0.00010541187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000758283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010836092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17775007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018335906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024047966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8740275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990961714","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23688","title":"Coupling membrane filtration and wet air oxidation for advanced wastewater treatment: Performance at the pilot scale and process intensification potential","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Effluent; Wet oxidation; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Turbidity; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0072074563000210454,"score_gpt":0.19004680447703362,"score_spread":0.18283934817701258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990961714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982155,0.000050757113,0.00014751879,0.001308947,0.0000515073,0.00020089936,0.0000017596499,0.000007750756,0.000015345538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996623,0.000012486507,0.00019978074,0.000020279238,0.00002033634,0.00000893312,0.000004278501,0.0000069471475,0.000064657375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960095,0.000002813737,0.00012357545,0.00007913764,0.000080211816,0.00011333317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973524,0.000031762887,0.00007061191,0.00008495124,0.000018059747,0.00005934906],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013182816,0.00006883667,0.00007684239,0.000024912752,0.000088675864,0.000023980469,0.00008811933,0.000029552366,0.000027660708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035372035,0.000041818024,0.0000141110295,0.000052848536,0.000070223636,0.00018687699,0.000009929562,0.000068383604,0.0000034482478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027019603,0.0000017887552,0.0003425413,0.000015469537,0.000004969794,1.598901e-7,0.00018409494,0.13467006,0.86418056,0.000008411705,0.000008959092,0.000555973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029325715,0.000087514265,0.0007559874,0.000018980374,0.0000130947265,0.000046224795,0.000048939797,0.1550511,0.8434651,0.000016477214,0.00014813029,0.0000551956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006660131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016038377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020715442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014012073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017090224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17052895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991420682","doi":"10.3390/e21121158","title":"Temperature Effects and Entropy Generation of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Thermodynamics; Power density; Volumetric flow rate; Entropy (arrow of time); Mechanics; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Work (physics); Chemistry; Power (physics); Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Physics","score_opus":0.006037085537124614,"score_gpt":0.2183534925759989,"score_spread":0.21231640703887428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991420682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981899,0.00021750582,0.000040630734,0.00022554629,0.00011309868,0.0004415359,0.0000036957267,0.000067122804,0.0007009229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810386,0.000041365936,0.0007005871,0.00007127241,0.00002589705,0.000019962374,0.000009312877,0.0000086558575,0.0010191108],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918705,0.00004171911,0.00013713814,0.00025908698,0.0002370742,0.00013795022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960184,0.000025837473,0.00008659565,0.00024308533,0.000010309685,0.000032355136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007808557,0.000107678534,0.00015173531,0.000025876878,0.00004296927,0.000021504626,0.00013527596,0.00010237318,0.00090757734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006605975,0.000088175286,0.00002491563,0.00012852691,0.00007986981,0.00017812781,0.00006388823,0.00009863857,0.00013765381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016125225,0.000024892379,0.044243127,0.00007676028,0.000014227235,7.4834674e-7,0.00021380515,0.0008226784,0.95162773,0.00069065316,0.0018853603,0.00038390854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046970282,0.00013659464,0.02056713,0.000014856873,0.000023877152,0.0000024617623,0.000037484326,0.0030868289,0.9732217,0.00035531505,0.0019607458,0.00012326556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000140586935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035591197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023675997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017959945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053142544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9937335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991473889","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2019.114231","title":"CFD-based genetic programming model for liquid entry pressure estimation of hydrophobic membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Wetting; Laplace's equation; Genetic programming; Mechanics; Work (physics); Membrane; Membrane distillation; RADIUS; Process (computing); Simulation; Materials science; Engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics; Composite material; Artificial intelligence; Desalination; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01181895690933798,"score_gpt":0.24961571071046004,"score_spread":0.23779675380112206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991473889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8846289,0.00004621957,0.113766335,0.00011158136,0.00005233308,0.00093232706,0.0000067393084,0.00012244367,0.00033314837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481881,0.00000440754,0.05109722,0.000028321636,0.0000058358814,0.00011812582,0.000043063163,0.000013327675,0.0005015529],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991353,0.000022260234,0.00023380764,0.00022404439,0.00024593924,0.00013863856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995038,0.00004962603,0.00016929567,0.00023144746,0.000024258461,0.000021557578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017648934,0.00009713708,0.00011631451,0.000063579704,0.00004414294,0.000015387492,0.00015821193,0.00010456995,0.00012559284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006573078,0.00009582225,0.00004500944,0.00015969323,0.000059164122,0.00018833185,0.000030778596,0.000044711374,0.000056063345],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052516618,0.000051132258,0.0005210185,0.00015025734,0.0000047464373,8.1402845e-8,0.0001356999,0.90692353,0.083934955,0.0001932874,0.00003951888,0.007993251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031173028,0.0001226235,0.0004902281,0.00001255933,0.000017495056,3.9249696e-7,0.0000105501595,0.7724919,0.22572547,0.00036272063,0.00037299405,0.00008137085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001543452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064783585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14179051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043653596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015739286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3907518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992202617","doi":"","title":"Production, Characterization and Application of Monolithic Biocarbon for Water Desalination","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Desalination; Characterization (materials science); Environmental science; Water desalination; Engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009986642161915705,"score_gpt":0.28023242921534985,"score_spread":0.27024578705343416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992202617","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98966724,0.00003765388,0.00729657,0.00032474342,0.00023875323,0.001375228,0.0000051664333,0.000087567634,0.0009670696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98150164,0.00012409854,0.0005753816,0.000010759004,0.000029168528,0.0002541078,0.0020850329,0.000027154989,0.015392668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911255,0.000018407442,0.000223745,0.00035728194,0.00016818511,0.00011984311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999409,0.000013127878,0.0002493315,0.00026689764,0.000045410103,0.000016230533],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018578695,0.00014133644,0.00017038369,0.000087764136,0.00005507614,0.000013748018,0.00010314791,0.00024105968,0.000043395572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061258506,0.00012157701,0.000027437567,0.00011257273,0.000049005444,0.00016327915,0.000022166067,0.00007565612,0.00005531915],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048057103,0.000020770913,0.0006448743,0.00022784158,0.0000061987816,1.4446451e-8,0.0019266485,0.000106512154,0.9812768,0.0003973462,0.00003986234,0.0153050395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013464187,0.00005909383,0.012987692,0.000025979733,0.00003245475,6.5723503e-7,0.0004922323,0.002503037,0.9795396,0.00048367548,0.0035720982,0.00016886389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005270108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003670872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015136176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005990999,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008226057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49577668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992772899","doi":"10.15554/pcij52.6-05","title":"Gold Bar Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PCI Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Clarifier; Precast concrete; Wastewater; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Bar (unit); Engineering; Environmental engineering; Civil engineering; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.020666451054622996,"score_gpt":0.24595868229644796,"score_spread":0.22529223124182496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992772899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753149,0.00004448902,0.00023858901,0.0005805295,0.00017778963,0.00006219615,0.000002069986,0.000054056025,0.023525383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939655,0.0000846545,0.001900648,0.00009404499,0.000077067365,0.0000010260347,0.0000014798259,0.000006763558,0.003868818],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992436,0.000013928228,0.00018004382,0.000108091466,0.00020452983,0.0002497729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968964,0.000021615553,0.000062101855,0.00013294774,0.0000023397392,0.00009134085],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027123862,0.00008626262,0.00008009662,0.00003898412,0.00009282689,0.000036144847,0.0001554391,0.000046702993,0.0040713046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015182628,0.000057352394,0.00004260876,0.00006148047,0.00006150812,0.00013400179,0.000044948774,0.00010877481,0.0017478212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002476561,0.00053861196,0.12432811,0.000008079538,0.00011340993,0.0013026405,0.002618327,0.0027519288,0.56970274,0.0008768615,0.09307221,0.20443943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094228867,0.00045948787,0.02473695,0.000012445949,0.000019457324,0.0018001286,0.0004918241,0.0002987904,0.62575173,0.0013612984,0.3438528,0.00027278913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022575367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041032537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25078058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022366429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051354255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99902946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993285973","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101027","title":"Recovery of a hybrid and conventional membrane bioreactor following long-term starvation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Regina","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Starvation; Volatile suspended solids; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Phosphorus; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Biology; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006751518119608153,"score_gpt":0.21098689802539006,"score_spread":0.20423537990578192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2993285973","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99734414,0.000044576977,0.0022375472,0.000053226577,0.00016973798,0.000076564036,0.0000011786542,0.00001624378,0.000056759618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990269,0.000021408732,0.00084448967,0.0000068786144,0.000015940503,0.0000013545883,0.0000025065292,0.000008679865,0.00007186341],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992541,0.000005427404,0.00029977632,0.0000863195,0.00024452273,0.00010982312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997282,0.000019275221,0.00013596076,0.00006775309,0.000018519006,0.000030277753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022578643,0.00007939686,0.00016025922,0.00009573009,0.000012629337,0.00001757819,0.0001147765,0.000027123515,0.0002180939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003214221,0.00005854015,0.00005495324,0.000063053834,0.000017662298,0.00059325655,0.000039513176,0.000096915996,0.000011769973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031822154,0.000024734582,0.056064337,0.00020086991,0.000043342618,0.000013863215,0.00015422459,0.023657434,0.91918886,0.0000063048055,0.000010817576,0.000603368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044979464,0.000113888804,0.021192044,0.00011234,0.0000177763,0.000076416836,0.000023303728,0.0018163206,0.97595555,0.000082599785,0.00005965671,0.00010033277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019473111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.4864337e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056766644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003958888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006613367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23879753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994331305","doi":"10.2175/193864710798217098","title":"Addressing Reverse Osmosis Fouling Within Water Reclamation — A Side-By-Side Comparison of Low-Pressure Membrane Pretreatments","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane technology; Permeation; Osmosis; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.02115494970048331,"score_gpt":0.24660879566502172,"score_spread":0.2254538459645384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994331305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961391,0.000009262636,0.000093044575,0.0011911527,0.00013516664,0.0008611669,0.000005870503,0.00005994311,0.0015052899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964318,0.000011795248,0.0022666256,0.00004592598,0.00001932699,0.00008509269,0.000029425095,0.000024994903,0.0010850106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801224,0.00002071688,0.000655403,0.00040673767,0.00062933034,0.00027558196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999251,0.000016324522,0.00041034585,0.00025771186,0.000019024998,0.000045562054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045348945,0.0002435798,0.0002883207,0.000049231752,0.00034601858,0.00009626256,0.00038769442,0.00020370413,0.0005503634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000545256,0.00013331875,0.00008433546,0.00006803812,0.00034705343,0.0007517453,0.00036290564,0.00026623424,0.000080029175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004709789,0.00014818757,0.015429535,0.00008990188,0.000030879877,6.730528e-8,0.0027051053,0.0034187953,0.9770542,0.000023904138,0.0004327711,0.0006195771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003975503,0.000060375998,0.00088791864,0.00005660527,0.0000755283,0.000002301903,0.0004302959,0.0057633193,0.99103314,0.00046712547,0.00064650853,0.00017933369],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008065957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022470185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014541617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008722882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029438165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6026093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995346612","doi":"10.1039/c9ra08945d","title":"PFOM fillers embedded PVDF/cellulose dual-layered membranes with hydrophobic–hydrophilic channels for desalination <i>via</i> direct contact membrane distillation process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Phase inversion; Permeation; Microporous material; Materials science; Wetting; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.008846074100911355,"score_gpt":0.24509020036651244,"score_spread":0.2362441262656011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995346612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846116,0.00038696907,0.0027787792,0.00031336548,0.0003796724,0.0022536356,0.00003637874,0.0005147274,0.008724923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99591255,0.00017037014,0.0012138211,0.000104332896,0.00006561848,0.00030817094,0.00012560545,0.000058663794,0.0020408463],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975459,0.00006522371,0.00044708568,0.0008387414,0.00059980934,0.0005032382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869096,0.00025722187,0.0004129608,0.00047715392,0.000058556925,0.00010316042],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027584645,0.00040639826,0.00047474497,0.00011578814,0.00021758142,0.00007378279,0.0003308394,0.00016570675,0.0007030322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010575719,0.00032953324,0.00009622248,0.0005590924,0.00019551866,0.0012645305,0.0000658455,0.00014096801,0.00031400463],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012315935,0.00031772736,0.004624859,0.00088788755,0.000107571024,0.000016433003,0.002098871,0.46535113,0.51334286,0.00041007632,0.00025164004,0.011359355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002482105,0.0008586424,0.0004979193,0.00010873281,0.00006159401,0.0000266366,0.0005360453,0.08327411,0.8956892,0.0019126906,0.013590888,0.0009614318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046189154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010288833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38234636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016326219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026042148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995352469","doi":"10.1021/acsami.9b16875","title":"Fabrication of Highly Permeable and Thermally Stable Reverse Osmosis Thin Film Composite Polyamide Membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Materials science; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Composite number; Interfacial polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Fabrication; Polymer; Composite material; Monomer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008733499745123458,"score_gpt":0.2123097919037898,"score_spread":0.20357629215866632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995352469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903735,0.000066330984,0.0000104596365,0.00018583072,0.000117241325,0.0004592244,0.000035969013,0.00012014857,0.008631322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997518,0.0001431608,0.00083011255,0.00011945473,0.0000098806395,0.000036940193,0.000016433016,0.000018415038,0.0013076059],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882,0.00004015905,0.00035880605,0.00034967865,0.00021870792,0.0002126379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992553,0.00005673449,0.00025611644,0.0003910174,0.0000142505005,0.000026594347],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028448156,0.00017896417,0.0003045984,0.000047024314,0.000066023145,0.000076640856,0.0003495441,0.00010701359,0.0033820302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001672151,0.00015329417,0.0000096121485,0.000112527225,0.0001843207,0.00028293088,0.0003311746,0.00005950032,0.000663973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008537173,0.000028320546,0.0006722227,0.000083324245,0.000016207237,2.1705821e-7,0.00041810793,0.0015540827,0.9958939,0.00041189036,0.0006059656,0.00023037787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002456113,0.000050785293,0.0027207904,0.000022907558,0.000016962149,0.0000018134532,0.00040011853,0.000036863796,0.9953614,0.0005093823,0.00046570078,0.00016767865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006068975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018266137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007323716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040733004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063589105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99752903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995515753","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2008.046","title":"Effects of hydrophobe contents of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes on flocs size and removal efficiency of NOM from waters","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Icon; Computer science; Library science; World Wide Web; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015164687984612032,"score_gpt":0.25067819776593064,"score_spread":0.2355135097813186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995515753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976008,0.0006558504,0.000017843922,0.0013113591,0.00003374356,0.0002561095,0.0000082601,0.000019428346,0.00009661169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810535,0.0009991836,0.00073298,0.000009896763,0.0000105383015,0.0000040229447,0.0000011014945,0.000011422552,0.00012550078],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792254,0.000100324774,0.00058581406,0.000252646,0.0007169944,0.0004216861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988852,0.00038457132,0.00024235125,0.00029687234,0.000103802195,0.00008717166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005249427,0.00015785746,0.00050002086,0.0005499449,0.00010346754,0.000008477334,0.00053587614,0.00022747897,0.000070444046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048796312,0.00010170081,0.000060979895,0.00045744918,0.002433493,0.00015242932,0.0003323949,0.00051539723,0.00000930839],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034949358,0.00023198206,0.030141754,0.000046443303,0.00004545233,0.00010888412,0.00029787578,0.000004939137,0.966917,0.00005141564,0.00014266191,0.0016621244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013220039,0.0032636658,0.011384237,0.00008377775,0.000012579708,0.00016927246,0.00016626588,0.00004365668,0.9795882,0.003756199,0.00012113688,0.00008897432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023707017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008057122,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018757518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049212875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021292914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89663064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995641536","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116451","title":"Development of underwater superoleophobic polyamide-imide (PAI) microfiltration membranes for oil/water emulsion separation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Polyethylene glycol; Emulsion; Phase inversion; PEG ratio; Chromatography; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Fouling; Nanofiltration; Membrane technology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014043356177937132,"score_gpt":0.2640892938523857,"score_spread":0.2500459376744486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995641536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98679334,0.00014620466,0.009158275,0.0014911134,0.0001419951,0.0007260061,0.0000072267862,0.00028877764,0.0012470565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803017,0.00013137706,0.01686103,0.00010422226,0.000013677589,0.00023862149,0.00027811542,0.00002160084,0.0020496808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981526,0.000046338366,0.0007053558,0.0005564778,0.00023997376,0.00029923988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914783,0.000041743293,0.00023959934,0.00045513804,0.000071591516,0.000044083434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036363903,0.00023420363,0.00028037824,0.00033828922,0.00022428585,0.000042096828,0.0002476356,0.00039406453,0.0005454503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002918864,0.00019863083,0.000049620074,0.00034707232,0.00021222253,0.00044568192,0.0000845019,0.0001239313,0.0005634957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006876372,0.000058328907,0.0023462174,0.000088249355,0.000014066944,9.525192e-8,0.0007352186,0.0002661456,0.9811465,0.0015492466,0.0001561442,0.013571035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006009039,0.00010889992,0.0013270166,0.000012688957,0.000014752299,0.000007180126,0.00048129266,0.0020039207,0.9535888,0.001773187,0.039837513,0.00024383543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013301463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000081782535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03968137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101033926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024821362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.809993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996920231","doi":"10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109889","title":"Asymmetric Al2O3 and PES/Al2O3 hollow fiber membranes for green tea extract clarification","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Food Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Camellia sinensis; Filtration (mathematics); Turbidity; Chemical engineering; Fiber; Materials science; Green tea extract; Phase inversion; Coating; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Green tea; Botany; Food science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010671621511177178,"score_gpt":0.21235849035055163,"score_spread":0.20168686883937445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996920231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928135,0.0007698016,0.0048226877,0.00034833062,0.00018365154,0.00022815853,0.0000030385775,0.00004915997,0.0007816486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99083215,0.00008136468,0.008629434,0.000016149615,0.00005118635,0.000005176322,9.40684e-7,0.000015994514,0.00036758394],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918896,0.0000087548915,0.0002887953,0.00012876884,0.00022349654,0.00016121489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949676,0.00010695812,0.00017630385,0.00014751383,0.0000148868,0.000057579193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033988061,0.000111632886,0.00017734757,0.000179418,0.000031506937,0.00003082087,0.00018860729,0.000098308396,0.00013736673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012391055,0.00009794576,0.00006895853,0.00024818507,0.00001843425,0.0004265355,0.000035535577,0.00018296296,0.000042770218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013808855,0.00014542212,0.00783275,0.000585616,0.00021741472,0.000010322917,0.0005349675,0.11730653,0.7339922,0.0005779435,0.0015203736,0.13713835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045469115,0.0029044175,0.1691734,0.00020801663,0.00020851128,0.0005526113,0.00027176744,0.08204503,0.4993127,0.0015140029,0.23795205,0.0013105811],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005521089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023546033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23643169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006181163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066530524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39941123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998117138","doi":"10.1002/9781119300762.wsts0029","title":"Polymer–Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Separations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Polymer; Materials science; Polymer nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.0080225246499195,"score_gpt":0.23356756785614496,"score_spread":0.22554504320622545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998117138","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041027176,0.00026811013,0.00018701913,0.0006133446,0.0006549164,0.001300499,0.00009531507,0.00030008098,0.992478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0024228988,0.00036138308,0.0013261689,0.000083691804,0.00013954408,0.00017183098,0.00027774044,0.00024590507,0.99497086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984727,0.00002951108,0.00035430628,0.00045977606,0.00027023893,0.00041345006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991725,0.000027552764,0.00011223755,0.0006330769,0.000007839416,0.000046813024],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010665691,0.00031661734,0.00040650793,0.00015428601,0.000053855318,0.000017905499,0.00047582673,0.00036065868,0.022226717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000071081968,0.00018986552,0.00014811578,0.000057549754,0.00018863319,0.00011163325,0.00024073513,0.0001136382,0.008032758],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021895972,0.00006728642,0.00026440836,0.0002597847,0.000062540326,0.0000017147006,0.0005866038,0.00011431498,0.09736475,0.00006849823,0.9005564,0.0006317876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020393053,0.000041733423,0.0000073472333,0.000016756192,0.000030626397,0.0000014957269,0.0000117853115,0.000013713497,0.34251904,0.00009543447,0.6568399,0.00021821194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002704487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011365653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2451543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003240422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008016155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998375421","doi":"10.3390/w12010091","title":"Cu-BTC Metal−Organic Framework Modified Membranes for Landfill Leachate Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Leachate; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Metal-organic framework; Chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02005498640892131,"score_gpt":0.24346252323506198,"score_spread":0.22340753682614067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998375421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918562,0.00004291812,0.00081307394,0.0010079342,0.00021641044,0.0006411964,0.0000079958445,0.00020908302,0.0052051703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9780247,0.000037311536,0.0015220684,0.00017720496,0.000026511014,0.00009860062,0.000027340897,0.000022330834,0.020063918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903166,0.000020294654,0.0001594391,0.0003300897,0.00014635442,0.0003121865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999463,0.000042820528,0.000034210472,0.0004158198,0.000004593403,0.00003955198],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010444853,0.00016337426,0.00019426434,0.000031923428,0.00007320205,0.00003304942,0.00021531989,0.00012926738,0.006917537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015693811,0.00009701847,0.00008124909,0.00006234523,0.000058191883,0.00016625803,0.00009090703,0.00006306481,0.007228195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001256287,0.00018349325,0.006522273,0.00006747902,0.00010637334,0.0000051706306,0.0019758153,0.0026097575,0.9804128,0.0010187215,0.0011994499,0.005773039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005780277,0.00021000726,0.00043284122,0.0000052693626,0.000027039841,0.0000035190135,0.000067487104,0.0014058453,0.93313104,0.0065173176,0.05740308,0.00021855618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000750234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032093492,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05620363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008984641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028893198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9939903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999700637","doi":"10.3390/mi11010108","title":"Durability and Recoverability of Soft Lithographically Patterned Hydrogel Molds for the Formation of Phase Separation Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Mold; Fabrication; Self-healing hydrogels; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Porosity; Extraction (chemistry); Casting; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.019377874681126034,"score_gpt":0.281278883541998,"score_spread":0.261901008860872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999700637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98539686,0.00012377206,0.011536664,0.0021384552,0.000020413734,0.00061623676,0.00007235055,0.000047403653,0.000047835485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986203,0.000042587693,0.0011342271,0.00012898016,0.000008371135,0.000035261317,0.00001958268,0.0000056420654,0.0000050815233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991147,0.000047437974,0.00039377654,0.00021338215,0.00013408574,0.00009664631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992568,0.00025358476,0.0002091526,0.00022741729,0.000023051547,0.00002998008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034655278,0.00010798538,0.00018997968,0.000019522138,0.000080914346,0.000011045336,0.00018895972,0.000065864864,0.0000839413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031091523,0.00007406244,0.00007593778,0.00019113791,0.00037690083,0.0002463406,0.00008283285,0.00005949785,0.000002274251],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023496096,0.00012002058,0.020053593,0.00027328156,0.000014028823,9.520425e-8,0.001151479,0.00055561477,0.962001,0.000051650015,0.00012849613,0.015415734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013316707,0.00047626786,0.02465064,0.000010288126,0.00005009355,0.000004233767,0.00020870446,0.10627178,0.8625252,0.0035020458,0.00080605445,0.00016299562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011016498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009631858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10571617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011388681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051047614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30201787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999922066","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23703","title":"A low pressure SWCNT‐ENM sandwich membrane system for the removal of PPCPs from water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Adsorption; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Chemistry; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Carbon nanotube; Chemical engineering; Portable water purification; Chromatography; Activated carbon; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009280203059788673,"score_gpt":0.17534621042105436,"score_spread":0.1660660073612657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999922066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915896,0.00048597428,0.0017126568,0.0055455244,0.00017288915,0.00020920185,0.000028358123,0.000026719557,0.00022908613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999062,0.0000017226545,0.0006925825,0.000087951266,0.00011583747,0.000003595521,0.0000012985614,0.00001235671,0.000022673034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992683,0.000009832428,0.00026317456,0.00008383139,0.00017913879,0.00019575491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945563,0.00012215917,0.00008011636,0.00015951027,0.000017752425,0.00016485609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019178333,0.00009236392,0.00017454136,0.000018173854,0.000050188562,0.000024855395,0.00057275995,0.00006848719,0.00019180428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018926455,0.000048685317,0.00008285711,0.00008774656,0.00008979402,0.00006827721,0.000036197573,0.00021806167,0.000009030139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022455719,0.0000018572861,0.00002419789,0.000053265467,0.000061160536,0.00001580758,0.000645833,0.0750792,0.92297214,0.00009492097,0.0006761834,0.0003529713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021848449,0.000018645547,0.00001843654,0.00003928878,0.000053025582,0.000077254335,0.00007325531,0.030733382,0.9603052,0.000027456936,0.0083660465,0.00006948889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008249605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009559986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04434582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007418733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003420349,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21001224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3001339838","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11786","title":"Experimental Investigation of Spiral Wound Module Under Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Spiral (railway); Water pressure; Process (computing); Materials science; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Back pressure; Forward osmosis; Mechanical engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Petroleum engineering","score_opus":0.01892832626740395,"score_gpt":0.2530522429053624,"score_spread":0.23412391663795842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3001339838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97830844,0.000027563854,0.00009912708,0.00016722924,0.000047159527,0.00031878494,0.000001505766,0.00010972464,0.020920444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99505335,8.731329e-7,0.0010842538,0.00014036437,0.000004535781,0.000018085033,0.000004807967,0.000007645708,0.003686075],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991726,0.000018647763,0.00017021538,0.00023323772,0.00028129143,0.00012397314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996057,0.000011110029,0.00008379663,0.00026114495,0.0000074437903,0.000030787643],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008178201,0.000091215385,0.000112019545,0.000025743671,0.000030080862,0.0000131956685,0.00020443086,0.00008064119,0.0070895334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011093961,0.000077790944,0.00002667715,0.00016293563,0.00017048033,0.00033150337,0.00009426319,0.000060659902,0.00044657895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015762305,0.000043689957,0.10872356,0.000027597402,0.000013857765,1.4865039e-7,0.00051007274,0.009756002,0.8788412,0.00089519273,0.001046472,0.00012639351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021413795,0.00008417464,0.029008662,0.0000049574787,0.0000056380304,7.7220943e-7,0.00059115904,0.0024496191,0.96569383,0.0016679324,0.00017472268,0.00010441752],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010116095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010169167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08685256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033737037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007779554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002231409","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00001-8","title":"Overview of membrane technology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Membrane technology; Porosity; Gas separation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.028961850138381658,"score_gpt":0.25495517299653303,"score_spread":0.22599332285815138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002231409","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009824889,0.0011892879,0.0000035819357,0.0005791449,0.00010085491,0.00048568333,0.00002415522,0.0003149056,0.9972041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003554718,0.00059055083,0.0012908612,0.0003400309,0.000033537144,0.000029658893,0.000011207897,0.0000693309,0.9940801],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982439,0.000013165419,0.00055207324,0.0005503752,0.00042150234,0.00021896619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863684,0.000031297568,0.00041766593,0.0008292218,0.000015204546,0.00006974528],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117455216,0.00036976117,0.00066685275,0.00014617798,0.00004989521,0.000009243641,0.0007776114,0.0005976334,0.0059005595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004996027,0.0003494192,0.000179891,0.000059739992,0.0007423271,0.00004183999,0.0007044885,0.00049521757,0.0027410225],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000072244866,0.000005605333,0.000014220101,0.00013623829,0.000042783628,0.000021360214,0.000038508257,0.0000033605716,0.0042478484,0.03411535,0.0004886504,0.96087885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001361,0.00008673699,0.0000069153702,0.00014525137,0.000056307355,0.000012590029,0.0000063806588,0.0000067514998,0.017894687,0.04199807,0.93933755,0.00031263093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.915976e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001770754,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9605662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008951986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027679142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002462784","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00009-2","title":"Development of nanocomposite membranes by biomimicking nanomaterials","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biomimetics; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Nanomaterials; Engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01717941662251812,"score_gpt":0.22632275460216397,"score_spread":0.20914333797964585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002462784","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005338555,0.00029249286,0.000009681723,0.000057121913,0.0001893289,0.0006099311,0.000043244876,0.00020982829,0.99324983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011724896,0.00008324089,0.012165545,0.00023565485,0.000046553214,0.00005550243,0.00009168224,0.00011112868,0.9754858],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791414,0.000020577176,0.0008217649,0.0005585829,0.000449603,0.00023533334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988776,0.000030529547,0.0005598112,0.00043562718,0.0000114299,0.00008504115],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018617176,0.00042754738,0.00063239125,0.00007334337,0.00011955257,0.000034146404,0.00061174296,0.00033541163,0.0019973435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012925569,0.00040212838,0.00012106335,0.000022258326,0.00031670343,0.00006124521,0.00056702236,0.00015298728,0.0010951805],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012212333,0.0000053348454,0.0000029692687,0.00011006771,0.000046784866,0.0000052666046,0.0003211532,0.0000011504608,0.54137486,0.00030115483,0.00032751792,0.45749155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000096723,0.000016118222,0.0000022911547,0.00008253941,0.000020661457,0.0000038394746,0.000005003783,0.0000017488667,0.41477963,0.00044998652,0.584281,0.0002604035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.449208e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007785483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58395356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001326809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004323538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002852807","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-816710-6.00011-0","title":"Prospects of nanocomposite membranes for water treatment by osmotic-driven membrane processes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocomposite; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Chemical engineering; Osmosis; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.014493815382145822,"score_gpt":0.22614493114863565,"score_spread":0.21165111576648982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002852807","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0015974931,0.0007879535,0.000019422612,0.00064263114,0.00013567912,0.003993215,0.00027829557,0.00033455752,0.99221075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.021384863,0.00036253288,0.0015522973,0.00021082522,0.000073625146,0.0004666631,0.00023391702,0.00014454927,0.97557074],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976585,0.000016821177,0.00064626086,0.0008367591,0.0004517062,0.0003899868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988288,0.00007729474,0.00034433446,0.00058017217,0.00004487532,0.00012451717],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008260958,0.00063381373,0.0008796233,0.000075645985,0.00013595606,0.00004026772,0.00056905724,0.00036540502,0.0008638098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024747309,0.00045167445,0.00024968904,0.000028793746,0.00043948207,0.00012754978,0.00024027604,0.00016568805,0.00042242394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031770355,0.00017968926,0.000037589194,0.0045603425,0.0006017975,0.000037314967,0.0018630534,0.0001933319,0.5444774,0.0015567557,0.0013195216,0.44485548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040448137,0.00035609296,4.6883832e-7,0.00008144226,0.00012412018,0.0000052082128,0.0000054727207,0.00001771892,0.4868211,0.0016862523,0.5101844,0.0003132659],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000029492398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038200436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5088649,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020289293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041758816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003638816","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115535","title":"Municipal wastewater treatment by purple phototropic bacteria at low infrared irradiances using a photo-anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Wastewater; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Biomass (ecology); Effluent; Sewage treatment; Irradiance; Chemistry; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Ecology; Physics","score_opus":0.08456311544019081,"score_gpt":0.31624464291988513,"score_spread":0.23168152747969434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003638816","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964447,0.000044576307,0.0000018011375,0.0013699966,0.000060840994,0.0007829853,0.000058418365,0.0001478442,0.0010888086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99105555,0.000071185175,0.0005631753,0.00013526274,0.0000427054,0.00014126227,0.000109213135,0.00004058706,0.007841068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99709177,0.00024631698,0.00032855297,0.0006936319,0.00067748805,0.0009622538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990237,0.000020454458,0.000045433193,0.0006042511,0.000015707397,0.0002905023],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002475154,0.0002722105,0.0003103404,0.00010013732,0.00035527808,0.00015225192,0.0006707984,0.0001563473,0.019118134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003676138,0.00018138382,0.000084525585,0.00036241236,0.00054357125,0.0003617383,0.00073816645,0.00024694574,0.004060572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011707811,0.00007305,0.0008761473,0.00002210384,0.000026379545,0.000030604093,0.0029225817,0.00011518229,0.99280363,0.000001126828,0.0028648542,0.00014726062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006027836,0.0003454626,0.00018868626,0.00000936408,0.0000075163284,0.0000057811353,0.00021262614,0.0026030103,0.9140326,0.000020022931,0.08176015,0.00021203129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023129068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023796155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0788953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00073954876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001710105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967149},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004435292","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23725","title":"Fabrication and characterization of polyvinyl chloride mixed matrix membranes containing high aspect ratio anatase titania and hydrous manganese oxide nanoparticle for efficient removal of heavy metal ions: Competitive removal study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinyl chloride; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Anatase; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chloride; Inorganic chemistry; Metal; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Photocatalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009888775420423919,"score_gpt":0.20764671197297724,"score_spread":0.19775793655255333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004435292","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99846333,0.00011046418,0.0005457595,0.0005524988,0.000033614753,0.0002550792,0.000024010817,0.000010178915,0.0000050402155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99915344,0.0000032935036,0.0007808281,0.000018986952,0.000022670927,0.000003627598,0.0000054378293,0.000009413265,0.000002328882],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992412,0.000021448255,0.0003390543,0.00010929057,0.00015357354,0.00013543866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944144,0.00009571349,0.00019584529,0.00008731029,0.000037603204,0.00014209755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002821893,0.00009227924,0.00021860252,0.000054938384,0.00004940223,0.000018593768,0.0001334475,0.000033876313,0.000011947744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041478165,0.000077048084,0.0000294844,0.00018182443,0.00011061312,0.000101817546,0.000029389532,0.00009576199,4.7475456e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008849056,0.000013081843,0.00021033346,0.000027659851,0.000027378823,0.000021383978,0.00066345185,0.0062807137,0.9920754,0.00047400815,0.000001626671,0.000116491065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005228911,0.00017559354,0.0032201416,0.000023370947,0.000053752177,0.00014109212,0.00032979806,0.038214255,0.9571817,0.000021338261,0.000032710086,0.00008337734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005299561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011166652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0348937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008135432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036565416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31419295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004518518","doi":"10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106381","title":"Membranes based on non-synthetic (natural) polymers for wastewater treatment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Testing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polymer; Biocompatibility; Environmentally friendly; Hazardous waste; Wastewater; Biopolymer; Biocompatible material; Cellulose; Synthetic membrane; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Chemistry; Biomedical engineering","score_opus":0.03448456352582496,"score_gpt":0.24556435116151326,"score_spread":0.2110797876356883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004518518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9550787,0.00026869148,0.00057161704,0.014887963,0.0002576575,0.0011440711,0.00002678817,0.0009541325,0.026810374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948601,0.0000013965767,0.003012468,0.0012599538,0.00005001167,0.000112259,0.000008688077,0.000029629067,0.00066550815],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988001,0.000022083967,0.00020250528,0.0004365673,0.0001972528,0.00034149652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999231,0.00031965383,0.000085348365,0.000260801,0.0000044270796,0.00009878955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058268397,0.00021797024,0.00018160936,0.000038559487,0.00016919125,0.00003518541,0.00022726058,0.00005532342,0.00068097294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022671392,0.00016803177,0.00007728854,0.00024561762,0.00010945934,0.00009777021,0.00005490213,0.00007187021,0.00031988716],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000107801854,0.00010829689,0.0034744916,0.000052371415,0.000019913165,0.000010837916,0.0005895917,0.0063849622,0.8761268,0.000034224966,0.00032566732,0.11276502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051080546,0.00036220485,0.00029353183,0.000015382082,0.000020516283,0.0000019948807,0.000070674934,0.16105255,0.8365692,0.000017501112,0.0008844349,0.00020120853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014202883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060972493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15466759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008153602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012868317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74561757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005015458","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-34284-5_13","title":"Biofouling in RO Desalination Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Desalination; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026012700197087173,"score_gpt":0.23600623651315483,"score_spread":0.20999353631606765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005015458","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00047038085,0.00007679593,0.0002754726,0.0012700077,0.00007416561,0.00026094363,0.0000032105931,0.00031229094,0.99725676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.14111423,0.00047857515,0.005087761,0.00085425546,0.00006767028,0.000021848322,0.00006331588,0.00007423908,0.8522381],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988833,0.000007728194,0.0002919503,0.0003999741,0.00028419233,0.00013282316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957526,0.000038226033,0.000110550645,0.00023292411,0.0000041290623,0.000038914197],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001077361,0.00020426403,0.00021338365,0.000094700365,0.000033597877,0.000023661212,0.00027811414,0.0003147818,0.009957363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005374976,0.00019249396,0.000053011063,0.000066922315,0.00012122436,0.00013627874,0.0001979098,0.0002631719,0.0045110555],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006703955,0.00006743263,0.0014940532,0.00028702558,0.000059102294,0.00021705822,0.00062665343,0.0069423523,0.027124597,0.817465,0.017479891,0.12816976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006465253,0.00013689732,0.0005489783,0.00013444276,0.000037397727,0.00001374793,0.00009341734,0.0065468815,0.047759578,0.16818559,0.7744475,0.0014490682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003147604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7569676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014515784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000857312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99626404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006379418","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117956","title":"Incorporation of oleic acid-modified Ag@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles into thin film composite membranes for enhanced antifouling and antibacterial properties","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program; National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Zeta potential; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Polyamide; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Composite material; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.03656146031498063,"score_gpt":0.2625161194546488,"score_spread":0.22595465913966817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3006379418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99596816,0.00013777381,0.001814813,0.0013405397,0.00023391344,0.00035422517,0.0000045893044,0.00003840756,0.000107576045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898566,0.00013470191,0.00973369,0.000181065,0.00006424993,0.000004372816,0.0000012790173,0.000011099029,0.000012958333],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978027,0.00005096101,0.0007880229,0.0003501105,0.0007365549,0.00027167532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985678,0.000083031664,0.00084288185,0.00019661369,0.00014495893,0.00016469625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011334412,0.00018534284,0.0004180393,0.0001330973,0.00028664287,0.00011694753,0.0006939111,0.00009957735,0.000046384826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00076715293,0.00014205447,0.00007626675,0.0006708565,0.0013403945,0.0013889038,0.000225213,0.00019770022,0.0000083952455],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040126126,0.000045171328,0.00041787376,0.00017793357,0.000008073159,0.000003008787,0.0017581992,0.0132089155,0.982838,0.00006789638,0.000023031074,0.0010506843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083376595,0.0004799995,0.0009658609,0.00008396862,0.000024839852,0.000019866011,0.00039172667,0.028611489,0.96797246,0.00039501282,0.000058475558,0.00016251237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021726979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009636829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015402573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059348917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010236127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57928133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007011561","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114699","title":"Energetic and economic feasibility of a combined membrane-based process for sustainable water and energy systems","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Environmental engineering; Process (computing); Pressure-retarded osmosis; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013837991092357404,"score_gpt":0.21883893508569585,"score_spread":0.20500094399333846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007011561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909078,0.00006261828,0.00331079,0.00045770025,0.000022551463,0.00026747704,0.0000065480267,0.00012465812,0.0048398497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907917,0.000015954312,0.00013147041,0.00019624445,0.0000122079955,0.00023377377,0.00002402618,0.000016832788,0.0002903023],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989445,0.00001796196,0.00025451672,0.00040351492,0.000096135635,0.00028336316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957436,0.00005198424,0.00008005062,0.00019315399,0.000010699936,0.000089727146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012722777,0.0001500471,0.0002620083,0.000030862742,0.00008685341,0.00002832779,0.00015854616,0.00009409234,0.000066140514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015420728,0.0001221119,0.000023591669,0.000068801055,0.00022777473,0.00009091247,0.0001301304,0.000030473442,0.0000021980582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013497293,0.000228639,0.0025154673,0.0019529061,0.0000789343,0.0000071264185,0.0007879297,0.33554775,0.34610063,0.30788973,0.0011751777,0.0023659917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014268868,0.00024686303,0.00006409908,0.0000047001618,0.000021830467,0.0000011378547,0.0005517018,0.057216015,0.9299369,0.003992064,0.006288376,0.0002494596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000593005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054426706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58383626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056255598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017339315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4979579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007608841","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aax5253","title":"Capillary-driven desalination in a synthetic mangrove","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Shandong University; China Scholarship Council; Yale University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Desalination; Capillary action; Evaporation; Environmental science; Water desalination; Mangrove; Nanopore; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Ecology; Chemistry; Membrane; Biology; Meteorology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01413875724024283,"score_gpt":0.26283789593029233,"score_spread":0.2486991386900495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007608841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98372585,0.00014145278,0.00087758346,0.0032362912,0.000079893,0.00018917915,9.746897e-7,0.00013310956,0.011615659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952215,0.000034756777,0.004298983,0.00036461678,0.0000078172025,0.000013650637,4.4641774e-7,0.0000034735554,0.00005474312],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988793,0.000015495476,0.0001341129,0.000363707,0.0003832127,0.00022416086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996995,0.00002632837,0.0000548049,0.00014996325,0.000006950664,0.00006250009],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019114111,0.00007309115,0.000079193815,0.0000574701,0.000102629034,0.00003265499,0.00049511646,0.000023415796,0.0002966952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036113392,0.00006432254,0.000013863617,0.001144285,0.00080004457,0.0010775159,0.00016068322,0.00007104775,0.00056214165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014979502,0.00004317661,0.048026018,0.000015993724,8.598921e-7,0.000017382514,0.0020183895,0.036717877,0.8135433,0.0024916294,0.00018565943,0.0969247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037253238,0.00021742484,0.034512673,0.000025197467,0.0000036191816,0.0000076211645,0.0017259255,0.026232148,0.90989393,0.007067024,0.019516638,0.00042524852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020669659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008521796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09649945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097973905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016960183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7225381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008016268","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-819594-9.00012-7","title":"Removal of organic micro-pollutants by membrane filtration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Permeation; Microfiltration; Membrane technology; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Ionic strength; Cross-flow filtration; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012457373722371804,"score_gpt":0.21532717366442902,"score_spread":0.20286979994205723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008016268","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008870595,0.0003475367,0.000025670563,0.0002026189,0.00013124624,0.00052329345,0.00013621194,0.00017461485,0.99757177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0148413265,0.00016436283,0.0013096625,0.00034090813,0.000049129816,0.0000089589275,0.000047364076,0.0000803941,0.9831579],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980963,0.000024744682,0.0005878007,0.00056659646,0.00050518767,0.00021936539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881923,0.0000364074,0.00045374944,0.0005857971,0.0000139603,0.000090847025],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013539425,0.0003785469,0.000509206,0.00005813179,0.000072799994,0.000022029457,0.0005467416,0.00042653148,0.008080191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005044241,0.00037375843,0.00014022719,0.000039073893,0.00038806174,0.00007658086,0.00026012113,0.0003794545,0.0016888254],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016889577,0.0000070359424,0.0000025271413,0.00004810429,0.00003676837,0.000038999227,0.00010182796,0.0000016675917,0.48815125,0.00056812284,0.001379013,0.5096478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021322966,0.00008891264,0.000007502129,0.00007223791,0.00006185461,0.000073052186,0.000008914948,0.000011285787,0.22104335,0.0035700987,0.7744554,0.00039413953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.9854996e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029859888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7730764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001329149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037660007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008209780","doi":"10.1520/stp162120180133","title":"Validation of Roofing Membrane Composition by NMR: Products of Ketone-Ethylene Ester and Polyvinyl Chloride","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinyl chloride; Ketone; Ethylene; Chloride; Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014883175318360326,"score_gpt":0.21641573694287639,"score_spread":0.20153256162451605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008209780","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31711796,0.0005574787,0.0010984568,0.0045946725,0.0002167256,0.0018052832,0.00016622026,0.00040610036,0.6740371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.932832,0.00036026616,0.002384924,0.00012762178,0.0000353825,0.000009348806,0.00022144901,0.000046903686,0.06398208],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984771,0.000015437772,0.0005013058,0.00046644232,0.00041808697,0.000121619494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908876,0.000045490855,0.00044094183,0.0003543416,0.000024413286,0.00004607],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001480651,0.00024672158,0.00040282216,0.00007543047,0.00003919755,0.000014626687,0.00020795371,0.00023372621,0.0011354403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003439875,0.00023355633,0.000048510683,0.000068662666,0.00032552308,0.00022828905,0.00023765996,0.00017035719,0.000072376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005326077,0.000021507973,0.00008919721,0.00020523445,0.00003127931,0.0000013679623,0.00010319995,0.00011119583,0.9915104,0.0043507577,0.001484025,0.0020385804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018921743,0.000115092036,0.000076131335,0.00006739481,0.000044395994,0.0000048818124,0.000011954307,0.0000878718,0.9945919,0.0010710625,0.0035222434,0.00021787547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006968611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005772567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6157141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005542774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011439836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009242458","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89524","title":"Ultrasound for Membrane Fouling Control in Wastewater Treatment and Protein Purification Downstream Processing Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IntechOpen eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Microfiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane technology; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Permeation; Wastewater; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020734684074068435,"score_gpt":0.24406113585455805,"score_spread":0.2233264517804896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009242458","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0068500293,0.0003012085,0.013289807,0.0016943997,0.000052856936,0.023054834,0.00021586254,0.0006733505,0.9538677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8076944,0.000041990777,0.0061459825,0.00017259944,0.00007103946,0.0067573497,0.00010263339,0.00010550191,0.17890853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842167,0.0000138977275,0.00047238785,0.0007061875,0.00016391737,0.00022196615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991842,0.00007527831,0.00027202745,0.0003782033,0.000017562099,0.000072713294],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014174885,0.0003600752,0.0003917624,0.000104130646,0.00013330586,0.000114568786,0.00030350528,0.0002659733,0.00015990433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031655964,0.00031431983,0.00007262641,0.000027953483,0.00028145584,0.0001143027,0.00007601983,0.00022560146,0.00014106484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002646451,0.000076537544,0.00004917484,0.0002903516,0.00008951626,0.000009395807,0.0007707863,0.000117594,0.6894801,0.01653038,0.00016951638,0.292152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027841511,0.0005225549,0.000015618785,0.00043630018,0.00016988421,0.000051774714,0.0002263055,0.0010413545,0.4959469,0.0447279,0.45290095,0.0011763046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052390486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001629594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8008444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003134958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035648478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999309},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010309818","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115693","title":"Recovery of dissolved methane from anaerobically treated food waste leachate using solvent-based membrane contactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Methane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Leachate; Anaerobic digestion; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Energy recovery; Biogas; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.11658729963736689,"score_gpt":0.32257962271203955,"score_spread":0.20599232307467266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010309818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99653107,0.00002932496,0.0006725972,0.0016318371,0.00003423748,0.0004734949,0.00006444545,0.000110421846,0.0004525633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979155,0.000013434162,0.0016132108,0.000092937174,0.00002857288,0.0000218658,0.00008988212,0.000029665855,0.00019491134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99726266,0.0003646399,0.00040342927,0.0005410058,0.0008419362,0.0005863039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991327,0.0000968183,0.00007177152,0.0004666133,0.00004312092,0.0001889858],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060332194,0.00018400622,0.00034627636,0.000109947294,0.00010844301,0.000050917428,0.00059706473,0.00015450257,0.003332712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021580934,0.00013426127,0.00010252658,0.00046432315,0.00037988668,0.00024435951,0.00041827743,0.00036857402,0.00034274088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003738325,0.00007109723,0.0017125547,0.000020621706,0.0000402895,0.000014088408,0.00032828623,0.0026088853,0.9941107,0.0000067987617,0.00015549861,0.0005573397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007985524,0.00065391895,0.00038453992,0.000022113685,0.0000134260135,3.5703084e-7,0.0002845669,0.008809177,0.9884071,0.00013885612,0.0003300634,0.00015736437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015097602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019489575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0062002917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014181173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028656228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010553902","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115657","title":"Fouling propensity of novel TFC membranes with different osmotic and hydraulic pressure driving forces","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement, Generalitat de Catalunya; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Fouling; Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Membrane; Osmosis; Compaction; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.08471953646179967,"score_gpt":0.2974548740733081,"score_spread":0.21273533761150845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010553902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99571556,0.000036232705,0.00029635202,0.0022729114,0.000007103667,0.00043389128,0.0000012817873,0.000057794783,0.0011788551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99914837,0.000019718738,0.00035988007,0.000032932276,0.0000119498945,0.00001885847,0.000002122432,0.000012080515,0.00039411034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851525,0.00006817312,0.00014872625,0.00034194908,0.00059649703,0.0003294207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996072,0.0000329916,0.00002821673,0.00022025511,0.000021295033,0.00009004016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032298884,0.000105887346,0.00017996748,0.000044504257,0.00015045251,0.000054189146,0.00030574025,0.0000538797,0.00033003362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088016655,0.000059032267,0.000016648613,0.00016228555,0.0004719729,0.0001903828,0.0006818522,0.00023848162,0.00003244209],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007740781,0.00006767095,0.07323785,0.00028304354,0.000025763815,0.000007159966,0.0027850377,0.0020645699,0.92034405,0.000053493597,0.000089520414,0.0009644149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000414343,0.00029401784,0.017409721,0.000036521415,0.000010224864,0.0000055458695,0.00023988036,0.012318844,0.9679322,0.000118586955,0.0010986007,0.00012148344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016801697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008952142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055828128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015635693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048851516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36136365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011466036","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00048e","title":"The impact of monochloramines and dichloramines on reverse osmosis membranes in wastewater potable reuse process trains: a pilot-scale study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada); Western University; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Reuse; Wastewater reuse; Potable water; Wastewater; Environmental science; Forward osmosis; Process (computing); Train; Reverse osmosis plant; Osmosis; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.04142265920394544,"score_gpt":0.3327739261793409,"score_spread":0.29135126697539543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011466036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931365,0.00005225543,0.0000011566189,0.0051800273,0.000017342769,0.001266676,0.000008048032,0.0000939404,0.00024402491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936736,0.00013526849,0.00008202832,0.000027213942,0.0000085699685,0.00020969215,0.000002027888,0.0000204225,0.00014743015],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99629414,0.00015230369,0.00044038708,0.00095155183,0.0011269801,0.001034614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987301,0.000080596714,0.000080915386,0.00092992105,0.000012165233,0.00016629425],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017602772,0.00026919763,0.00031429136,0.00040699734,0.0006081495,0.000101058555,0.0022114217,0.00011437016,0.00023129742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043667376,0.00014955027,0.000040880368,0.0017010225,0.006916544,0.00059771753,0.002268002,0.0005454417,0.0001740745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023647756,0.00060411927,0.12940168,0.0000130519575,0.000010734201,0.000028223725,0.0049270624,0.0010827776,0.8614392,0.0000072169455,0.00008123168,0.002168198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090287684,0.004881619,0.04711749,0.000017374517,0.0000054791344,0.000015849459,0.015503226,0.0012877341,0.92800766,0.001765909,0.00022128082,0.00027352365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057623995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013253868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0822842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034064715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000235708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W301187267","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_24","title":"Assessment of Desalination Technologies Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources in Turkey","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Renewable energy; Environmental science; Water scarcity; Environmental engineering; Per capita; Reverse osmosis; Population; Geothermal desalination; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental protection; Natural resource economics; Agriculture; Engineering; Geography; Economics","score_opus":0.009990950608418937,"score_gpt":0.22240137737314017,"score_spread":0.21241042676472124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W301187267","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023534764,0.00004791918,0.021444092,0.00016218748,0.000027883689,0.00021801337,0.0000052973314,0.0005545682,0.9751866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6000741,0.00017629439,0.0126906475,0.000025605772,0.0000031663126,0.000035414054,0.00004608676,0.000032374195,0.38691628],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985943,0.000017085193,0.00039557266,0.00042110973,0.0003948864,0.00017703591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990514,0.0000605885,0.00035253406,0.0004949691,0.00002378883,0.000016739048],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001984971,0.00028009753,0.00038703237,0.00029423306,0.000032701795,0.00001924911,0.00044117586,0.00047282898,0.0014431038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003584117,0.00020180894,0.00004043254,0.00014641228,0.0004983802,0.00009304378,0.00022261562,0.00022663892,0.000025325124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006303388,0.00013304004,0.010368209,0.00012807091,0.00011905407,0.00002411198,0.00009289662,0.156687,0.015392314,0.74175537,0.009780391,0.06545653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015400177,0.0016032987,0.0022283485,0.00087319873,0.000103172446,0.000024627947,0.0009789028,0.029892338,0.30018088,0.1406867,0.5196969,0.0021915678],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045865146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008377921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6010686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024573845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003250309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011953615","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138019","title":"Self-regenerating tubing bioreactor for removal of toxic substrates: Operational strategies in response to severe dynamic loading conditions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Bioreactor; Volumetric flow rate; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.016525730800474675,"score_gpt":0.25028970821055835,"score_spread":0.23376397741008367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011953615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994742,0.000027112315,0.00020954892,0.0039586164,0.000044164935,0.00062968343,0.000034677712,0.000022795171,0.00033144758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925192,0.000004762611,0.0072935903,0.000052655712,0.000007324457,0.00003795898,0.0000016283456,0.0000073121423,0.00007557518],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985481,0.00007766341,0.00033219223,0.00030768814,0.0004966172,0.0002377554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993177,0.00014054956,0.00014724079,0.0003310109,0.0000065721474,0.000056920566],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084992254,0.00012273074,0.0001376414,0.00004690435,0.00027941228,0.000041881114,0.0007458986,0.000036010955,0.00016074232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024047852,0.000081478254,0.000055733137,0.00048531455,0.00083960855,0.0003623788,0.0003816525,0.000098334785,0.000027183096],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036331396,0.000022737293,0.000028695249,0.000005075355,0.0000027169783,3.2941912e-7,0.0010462751,0.30874676,0.6893252,0.0006917408,0.000010035304,0.00008407304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037925763,0.0002718262,0.015631806,0.000035737594,0.000015559692,0.000025297364,0.0047326526,0.11596233,0.8620925,0.000591654,0.0000494815,0.0002118881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022547129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006603807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19278443,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024572795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007893062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33225867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011955815","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118054","title":"Polymer assisted ultrafiltration of AO7 anionic dye from aqueous solutions: Experimental design, multivariate optimization, and molecular docking insights","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Aqueous solution; Permeation; Polymer; Chemistry; Regenerated cellulose; Response surface methodology; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.031113144327781582,"score_gpt":0.25691253265281516,"score_spread":0.22579938832503357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011955815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8804326,0.0010633544,0.116888024,0.001006516,0.00012978932,0.00020650713,0.0000028112095,0.000038066803,0.00023230365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9645111,0.00008300554,0.035172205,0.00019653035,0.00002086194,0.0000025428992,0.0000012001656,0.000008365879,0.000004197907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804634,0.000117379335,0.00056565535,0.0002980426,0.0007640459,0.0002085628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989277,0.00009470724,0.0005720393,0.00017300749,0.00007274561,0.00015975889],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004541935,0.00014317781,0.00023496029,0.00012628388,0.00023728587,0.00008021429,0.00048821888,0.00006977478,0.00028343312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042158918,0.000121670666,0.00005122905,0.0008058411,0.0007030828,0.0011361255,0.00014013067,0.00016079961,0.000007585488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034648485,0.000050698738,0.00007377752,0.0000030816484,0.000008738487,0.000009737152,0.0008028296,0.14860885,0.8498806,0.000084449435,0.000023222989,0.0004193717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005042214,0.00021621904,0.00084274646,0.000026387539,0.000017850758,0.000038554783,0.00041085153,0.10712374,0.89059234,0.00008589329,0.000021862155,0.00011931535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007754843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024581861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08407847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010731373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105427665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49615857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013265521","doi":"10.1039/c9me00160c","title":"Resilient hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes fabricated from crosslinkable phase-separated copolymers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Systems Design & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"University of Notre Dame; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Copolymer; Materials science; Membrane; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.020453696641353894,"score_gpt":0.22759286857917646,"score_spread":0.20713917193782255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013265521","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45144385,0.0011945827,0.5437454,0.00021294536,0.00025571138,0.0010389748,0.00002684251,0.0011524602,0.00092926406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99514,0.000015226091,0.0042121867,0.00009580666,0.000032620992,0.000111359324,0.00007117731,0.00005528427,0.000266327],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99806136,0.00009953208,0.0004498619,0.0005605104,0.00044743207,0.00038131932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999227,0.000063711916,0.00013094966,0.00039320954,0.00001752565,0.00016763402],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016431417,0.0003013685,0.00032307435,0.000060327475,0.000097275595,0.00011354842,0.00037882107,0.00018102325,0.0006021248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012582353,0.00031296944,0.000075736425,0.0006630478,0.00006006425,0.0002490781,0.00008091668,0.0001640964,0.0009842393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022596862,0.000014593226,0.000014346146,0.000014467384,0.000023628214,0.00003267138,0.0001026543,0.44799274,0.55017346,0.000015803496,0.0015313001,0.00006172164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000577521,0.0000818651,0.000023789584,0.000020305753,0.000020302463,0.0000045871193,0.000031544172,0.3618007,0.63099426,0.0000028697998,0.006181921,0.00026033237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035257568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011930542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54369617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013278858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018140687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014501702","doi":"10.1002/wer.1335","title":"Treatment of municipal wastewater in AnMBRs with powdered activated carbon addition under psychrophilic temperatures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Effluent; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemistry; Population; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Permeation; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.054760836383193665,"score_gpt":0.29549168864170405,"score_spread":0.24073085225851037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014501702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948421,0.000025869589,0.0000020200603,0.0031389755,0.00000934136,0.0006277477,0.000008572128,0.000041042458,0.0013043409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989351,0.0001369297,0.00016112323,0.000032318432,0.000016713873,0.00013874476,0.00006263517,0.000024662393,0.00049178326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977568,0.0002200586,0.00025915293,0.0005249672,0.000726189,0.00051286264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937105,0.000033627846,0.00003586891,0.000449847,0.0000042352253,0.00010538376],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015625716,0.00020030241,0.00022909706,0.00012177695,0.00007623094,0.000022823231,0.00027231596,0.000108394015,0.0028488683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006898166,0.00012175738,0.00003436142,0.0002591597,0.00055596925,0.00013871731,0.00019971307,0.00022649133,0.00026491372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032209867,0.00030264576,0.00674614,0.000012236599,0.000021960863,0.000033087566,0.0023933183,0.0076991604,0.9820473,0.000010361538,0.000068725596,0.00034293623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011595862,0.0015615175,0.010541091,0.000010682796,0.0000056569793,0.0000044893186,0.0008422721,0.00066970085,0.9824951,0.00011657905,0.0024248266,0.00016848392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066551846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007590675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0070294593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004131051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007616337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014515978","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.140","title":"Characterization of performance of full-scale tertiary membranes under stressed operating conditions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Chemistry; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011060650545965604,"score_gpt":0.22494552541497134,"score_spread":0.21388487486900573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014515978","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994151,0.0000041854414,0.0015538516,0.0033824977,0.000046674206,0.0002001437,0.000009007786,0.00020016001,0.00045247521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983844,0.000015481122,0.0013713635,0.00014888354,0.0000055678283,0.000021190228,0.000011458201,0.0000069980574,0.000034615154],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986954,0.00001482334,0.0003504465,0.00035946842,0.00029908653,0.0002808186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944586,0.000007911914,0.00012901712,0.00033458974,0.000038807575,0.00004381137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016766781,0.00011526608,0.00018710105,0.00023242543,0.0001763313,0.00001607709,0.00079226313,0.00011118816,0.00053843006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042652282,0.00008793438,0.000024134997,0.0012315713,0.00228399,0.00059805124,0.0004616025,0.00011959838,0.00008981689],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042943498,0.000024356537,0.011761169,0.000022881391,0.0000017298225,4.5429846e-7,0.00037646928,0.0015505292,0.9854032,0.00018541633,0.0000031348334,0.0006663777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012705076,0.0001586243,0.008689736,0.000012404493,0.000005101399,0.0000070787987,0.0002399962,0.00669437,0.9837084,0.00011690088,0.0001371139,0.000103262224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008004135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064641727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005143841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033962755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022822736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84154564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016361396","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116855","title":"Poly[acrylate-co-amide] network composite via photopolymerization for organic solvent nanofiltration separation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Changjiang Scholar Program of Chinese Ministry of Education; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Photopolymer; Photoinitiator; Membrane; Polymer chemistry; Solvent; Acrylate; Permeance; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polyetherimide; Amide; Monomer; Polyamide; Amine gas treating; Interpenetrating polymer network; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.014297703784798943,"score_gpt":0.26771185701654776,"score_spread":0.2534141532317488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016361396","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19834946,0.00068669353,0.7773893,0.017225564,0.00024785023,0.002343463,0.000029408233,0.0015600265,0.0021682233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884117,0.00016576122,0.008944077,0.0011175678,0.00011048026,0.0003421573,0.00057158305,0.000035271194,0.00030139717],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799544,0.00007439482,0.0006285161,0.0006973596,0.00025355822,0.00035075744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989842,0.000054465523,0.00042003457,0.00037377578,0.000057589306,0.000109911256],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023757899,0.00027804755,0.00028433822,0.00014007781,0.0005039966,0.0000942209,0.00028165345,0.0004200171,0.0006181398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010278508,0.00029835728,0.00005865493,0.0010070001,0.00028080685,0.00052332925,0.00006753012,0.00018074982,0.00042159972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010599812,0.000056652385,0.0031657554,0.000024144922,0.000021974667,5.075979e-7,0.0004103355,0.0008603455,0.96130955,0.00885155,0.0040134047,0.021179779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083987747,0.00043398078,0.002284196,0.000008787442,0.000045505,0.000016049162,0.00018133865,0.06661955,0.8844085,0.007921272,0.036761273,0.0004797252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012232353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003130385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79006225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009778267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028998276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3020844845","doi":"10.1007/s13762-020-02730-z","title":"Tuning the surface properties of Fe3O4 by zwitterionic sulfobetaine: application to antifouling and dye removal membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Biofouling; Membrane; Fouling; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Zeta potential; Chemistry; Permeability (electromagnetism); Humic acid; Grafting; Nanoparticle; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.009301253613297143,"score_gpt":0.22323910851222867,"score_spread":0.21393785489893152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3020844845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97680855,0.00028054885,0.00066052796,0.021966105,0.00004373066,0.00013219322,0.0000044152057,0.000016541957,0.00008737462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99803233,0.0002989302,0.0012354843,0.00039467658,0.000013280449,0.0000022552717,4.3640938e-7,0.000004864809,0.000017767172],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987474,0.000014545656,0.00030123015,0.00021759326,0.00057994045,0.0001392667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954194,0.000019080624,0.00023785085,0.000111740126,0.000023867065,0.000065528664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042548412,0.00009117173,0.00013110385,0.000087119784,0.00012281699,0.00003676545,0.00074080867,0.000051393243,0.00004796253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016906929,0.00006374366,0.000016901136,0.0003573742,0.0015271642,0.00032568202,0.00055389176,0.00015335275,0.000011569264],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021413809,0.000018293369,0.005351753,0.0000020733225,0.0000081866465,0.000003709725,0.00022489569,0.00023017827,0.97372127,0.00010751247,0.000058964088,0.020251758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000298123,0.00022202151,0.0042228955,0.00002183988,0.000010570732,0.000254212,0.0013795014,0.0026642967,0.98375195,0.00022448957,0.0068322974,0.00011782557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018345356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028823588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02157143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092689195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016311205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021717786","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23777","title":"Intermittent ultrasound‐assisted ceramic membrane fouling control in ultrafiltration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrasound; Ultrasonic sensor; Materials science; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Membrane fouling; Cavitation; Ceramic; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Microfiltration; Cross-flow filtration; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Acoustics; Medicine","score_opus":0.010818123487761431,"score_gpt":0.19063373701478567,"score_spread":0.17981561352702424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3021717786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99389774,0.000046425255,0.0016369217,0.0039957464,0.00008282003,0.00009174456,0.0000019851066,0.000021697499,0.00022489553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991498,0.0000018837227,0.00031024843,0.00045778844,0.000063120635,0.0000020561888,9.67504e-7,0.000009899884,0.000004232984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922246,0.000015848942,0.00031311502,0.000089280635,0.0001551163,0.00020420126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994933,0.00010559907,0.0000877419,0.00008856766,0.000010522989,0.00021429363],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018901034,0.00009509266,0.00015234576,0.00004920729,0.000030040575,0.00004162285,0.0003375704,0.000064532476,0.00019803524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058074994,0.00007533205,0.00005426099,0.00023331668,0.000074527736,0.00013553967,0.000008809735,0.00038328965,0.000018797811],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008931416,0.0000028007128,0.00078796904,0.0000064221513,0.000008962133,0.000022452265,0.000329299,0.09015082,0.9078552,0.000045646415,0.00013356189,0.0006479209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012023688,0.00007587807,0.0057897223,0.000080201906,0.000032113632,0.00030000927,0.000106953674,0.09370984,0.8971358,0.00011754298,0.001137741,0.00031184554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049128715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043969078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010719436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027536554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051115952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3071952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3021924989","doi":"10.3390/w12051269","title":"Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Nickel Ions: A Response Surface Method and Artificial Neural Network Optimization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nickel; Pulmonary surfactant; Aqueous solution; Box–Behnken design; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Metallurgy","score_opus":0.02131074550037945,"score_gpt":0.2579913093929525,"score_spread":0.23668056389257305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3021924989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8599691,0.000008517263,0.13036786,0.008808431,0.000066691435,0.00031723556,0.000002314271,0.0001388193,0.0003210678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90955424,0.000005989123,0.088453375,0.0015354023,0.00004141777,0.000010112915,0.000012973857,0.00001260639,0.00037386207],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890184,0.00018416163,0.0002041341,0.00033434777,0.00015476353,0.00022073969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996425,0.0000675079,0.00003656599,0.00016016311,0.0000085537085,0.0000846912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034547722,0.00011208019,0.00011350211,0.000014353045,0.00011503753,0.000066477165,0.00011930594,0.00007869044,0.00058841245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014023483,0.00008919481,0.000020955917,0.0002061075,0.000051437677,0.00019792117,0.00010056653,0.00008993579,0.00040081897],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021024137,0.000004070596,0.000041485244,0.0000013051327,0.0000014833945,9.675092e-7,0.0006442375,0.51486874,0.4829492,0.0000052870087,0.000753749,0.0005192064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012365288,0.00012694058,0.00039288195,0.0000032631997,0.00000781642,0.0000027908936,0.0001135361,0.1526252,0.8450492,0.00020521255,0.001194612,0.00015488478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018551453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015598645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36224356,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032041815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000381601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6442704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022045091","doi":"","title":"Synergies of New Technologies - The Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD)","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"16th World Petroleum Congress","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority","funders":"","keywords":"Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Petroleum engineering; Drainage; Geology; Environmental science; Engineering; Oil sands; Geography; Asphalt; Archaeology","score_opus":0.01286585282769628,"score_gpt":0.24241847295543872,"score_spread":0.22955262012774244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022045091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8276828,0.00071217323,0.00006248001,0.0056394567,0.0002812741,0.00036986446,0.000022382215,0.001277912,0.16395165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88381785,0.0000928479,0.00048616345,0.00009085337,0.000016954391,0.000036924404,0.000005491702,0.000018228222,0.1154347],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980976,0.00008973114,0.0004269577,0.0004382109,0.000515827,0.0004316711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843276,0.00017175995,0.00022648946,0.0011033363,0.000012930423,0.000052714146],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031324907,0.00026947688,0.00034810798,0.0001391967,0.00023616623,0.0000687064,0.0012940301,0.00012757342,0.005954691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012517485,0.00018860304,0.00012116549,0.0008776953,0.0012016449,0.00028051733,0.00035783165,0.00034832192,0.0005524664],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027703954,0.00037938057,0.050642297,0.0000715538,0.0001843577,0.0000630678,0.0006770264,0.011934114,0.019380003,0.011804343,0.13647689,0.7681099],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001571658,0.00023688775,0.12590082,0.00012305308,0.00011941935,0.000038757786,0.002255066,0.0015195439,0.1336104,0.018383462,0.7152346,0.0010063336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004265304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013608758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7671036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009293828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024904908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3024651427","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23812","title":"Understanding and enhancing the direct contact membrane distillation performance by modified heat transfer correlation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Nusselt number; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Distillation; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficient; Volumetric flow rate; Thermal conduction; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Mechanics; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Physics","score_opus":0.022107342839564514,"score_gpt":0.18004122922321666,"score_spread":0.15793388638365216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3024651427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983128,0.000096149415,0.013703581,0.0025742785,0.00004772138,0.00007408819,0.000002104322,0.0000151464055,0.00035890812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998206,0.000009466377,0.000027954777,0.00010151489,0.00002674393,9.055559e-7,0.0000010492547,0.0000072581624,0.000004501246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948543,0.000010582569,0.00017537164,0.00006633994,0.00013180934,0.00013046603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996948,0.00009185493,0.000019925,0.000056470857,0.000005119556,0.00013182465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017880624,0.00007380597,0.00009644859,0.00001663427,0.000102788676,0.000038696566,0.00013516654,0.0000435499,0.00005215397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011397713,0.000047631413,0.000023695076,0.00012256455,0.00006718631,0.00014804096,0.000008731632,0.0002231135,0.0000023190912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011032312,7.4460985e-7,0.00032651005,0.000010325609,0.000010145099,0.0000013878265,0.00082309643,0.26256007,0.7357572,0.00018552893,0.00015947643,0.00015448872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023744367,0.00003795883,0.00046494795,0.000034626628,0.000023407756,0.000024357396,0.00007442081,0.47258145,0.5259619,0.000025333946,0.00041641365,0.00011775358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022297187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011984697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21002136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002198306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020487381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19423527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025658462","doi":"10.1007/s11356-020-09084-6","title":"The underlying mechanism in gel formation and its mathematical simulation during anionic polyacrylamide solution ultrafiltration process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Hainan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Polyacrylamide; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chromatography; Process (computing); Fluoride; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.07423311333640843,"score_gpt":0.3447001650994193,"score_spread":0.2704670517630109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025658462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99467343,0.00007548151,0.0010470081,0.0032929133,0.000013282196,0.00052760146,0.0000023200744,0.000037291735,0.00033066355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999557,0.00022003728,0.0000744583,0.000056929683,0.000010707531,0.000035289613,0.0000020173602,0.000005523907,0.000038025177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787045,0.000105543615,0.00023804246,0.00035172838,0.001031545,0.00040267955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962646,0.00007570709,0.00006091741,0.00011040161,0.000008508177,0.00011800901],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015788709,0.00009770806,0.00007488117,0.00009271533,0.0013995502,0.00015438821,0.00021805984,0.00006613829,0.00009627836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035548717,0.00007808288,0.000010750597,0.0006644677,0.0008327266,0.0013988828,0.0002165287,0.0002366789,0.0001068878],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003459389,0.00002708064,0.00076661713,0.000022064887,0.0000010413825,0.0000011876638,0.0020428714,0.005019982,0.98259854,0.0031757054,0.00000540859,0.006304877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003825338,0.00013376611,0.0741638,0.000017634036,0.0000024982899,0.000013586981,0.003900128,0.74618024,0.16827036,0.0067162164,0.00005710843,0.0001621227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001401009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002421101,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8143282,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003960122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021305008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3026119509","doi":"10.1155/2020/8281058","title":"Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Polymer Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Membrane; Materials science; Acrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Permeation; Polymerization; Chemical engineering; Grafting; Hydrolysis; Polymer; Copolymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011657754264290682,"score_gpt":0.2525195460815307,"score_spread":0.24086179181724002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3026119509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9503989,0.03453266,0.0015805637,0.008357151,0.00009822249,0.0003877485,0.00003129788,0.0008114116,0.0038020445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954861,0.0015606582,0.0024847125,0.00024589582,0.0000103250295,0.000042631746,0.00001729928,0.000030735173,0.00012163617],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978793,0.00004441555,0.00058947504,0.0006820388,0.00030802202,0.0004967392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893135,0.00006480379,0.00033131425,0.00059703365,0.000010822211,0.00006465013],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013896295,0.00027036175,0.00041972654,0.00015155107,0.00009333672,0.000010843744,0.0009210543,0.00031838726,0.00028010292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019896381,0.0002759487,0.00005227463,0.0017547919,0.0007850363,0.0006094146,0.00035706937,0.00036585165,0.00015376043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028071066,0.000060295355,0.009127921,0.000032307806,0.000008598117,0.0000036459933,0.00020749938,0.0008793296,0.95194995,0.0013439598,0.0001223027,0.036236115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039904698,0.00013338533,0.00007402344,0.000015203217,0.000008781437,0.000006768145,0.0004517082,0.002364208,0.9875581,0.0025874132,0.0061311424,0.0002701641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001781215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000065979744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045087207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086279644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013380738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027627413","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.115952","title":"Functional PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) removal with high water recovery","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council; Western Economic Diversification Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Petroleum Technology Research Centre; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Tetrabromobisphenol A; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Surface modification; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Permeation; Portable water purification; Wastewater; Water treatment; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Fire retardant; Organic chemistry; Waste management","score_opus":0.06450192831042872,"score_gpt":0.28450225130510753,"score_spread":0.2200003229946788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3027627413","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752311,0.0000062287527,0.002942624,0.015894113,0.000094159295,0.000940992,0.000016108837,0.00022814369,0.0046465024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890448,0.000010590672,0.0034555788,0.0003106291,0.00012873174,0.00021406543,0.00021212899,0.000034662455,0.0065888287],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974049,0.00011739679,0.0002452103,0.00060905016,0.0009202042,0.0007032605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993988,0.000053910524,0.000021241898,0.0003303629,0.00005793977,0.00013771407],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075146457,0.00016840931,0.00017252158,0.00008141161,0.00035850285,0.00011971447,0.00037231916,0.00013397414,0.00703188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009607548,0.00009682809,0.000051261653,0.0002555136,0.0003083665,0.00047239123,0.00018079515,0.00035099016,0.0036364184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006374126,0.000050061637,0.00024569372,0.000040133706,0.00002192299,0.000019596446,0.00050114165,0.0027594639,0.9839249,0.00022106957,0.010321917,0.0012566646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067167904,0.0006896994,0.00038751555,0.000005891255,0.0000064956594,0.00002398072,0.00014700886,0.0004540433,0.9493623,0.0013772872,0.046692766,0.00018135775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013232007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000063325424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036370847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013185512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018662913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3027839381","doi":"10.1002/wer.1361","title":"Impact of AnMBR operating conditions on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Biogas; Anaerobic exercise; Methane; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.06336213452275044,"score_gpt":0.33920882942587244,"score_spread":0.27584669490312197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3027839381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99716187,0.000004241672,0.00004714196,0.0007305431,0.000007610976,0.0003891672,0.00002508316,0.000030830193,0.0016034979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993996,0.000032981214,0.00021903201,0.000018814457,0.000011304874,0.000031595966,0.000057920868,0.000014265188,0.00021446704],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981774,0.0001814418,0.00028670114,0.00033165715,0.0006787179,0.00034409872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994186,0.00006574427,0.00005962772,0.0003487669,0.000008215313,0.00009900495],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003671313,0.00012713976,0.00017987425,0.000090946596,0.00012264437,0.000015036338,0.00031159614,0.00008415452,0.005715314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007458419,0.000087877714,0.00006893901,0.00022572494,0.0004999679,0.00019334756,0.0003583447,0.00028056832,0.0007522494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039139846,0.00012767785,0.010005737,0.0000108097465,0.000016357708,0.0000024589795,0.0004960544,0.04601623,0.94234717,0.000034160978,0.000548224,0.0003559944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002711943,0.00095501455,0.044830456,0.000012044779,0.000003465491,6.151446e-7,0.00015557381,0.00080978946,0.95264876,0.000074074225,0.00015027264,0.00008875623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016936897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017955682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045206442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021467093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008524724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9951936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030769667","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.256","title":"Process water recovery via forward osmosis: membrane and integrated process development","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Energy consumption; Osmosis; Process engineering; Volumetric flow rate; Wastewater; Reverse osmosis; Work (physics); Process (computing); Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010556231257184882,"score_gpt":0.22929498795425082,"score_spread":0.21873875669706594,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3030769667","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844734,0.00001793746,0.0029967295,0.010041414,0.00008324989,0.00043280167,0.0000012141863,0.0009516635,0.0010015635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965493,0.000011287002,0.0024644446,0.0006461224,0.000008125191,0.00015284299,0.000006333631,0.000018033892,0.00014351025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99719816,0.000015934183,0.00039863918,0.0010216046,0.0005181385,0.0008475017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993398,0.000006584814,0.00006793164,0.00037301538,0.000057552857,0.00015509117],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004289999,0.000284722,0.00028754582,0.00036868255,0.0004560746,0.00009756646,0.0013749554,0.00024043045,0.00052046496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001187108,0.00017161004,0.000023305225,0.0016265116,0.0022004936,0.0009175814,0.0008730727,0.00032025992,0.0009128554],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034926128,0.000044530203,0.0041936454,0.000050359977,0.000008306566,0.000014547061,0.004499335,0.00051758776,0.96616113,0.000029534389,0.00006136319,0.024384754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021352251,0.00016955243,0.00012621298,0.000012530853,0.000007155199,0.00003694604,0.0008957123,0.0011122944,0.989715,0.0026794302,0.0047184005,0.0003132332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013938301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020865938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02407152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014073127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005580168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3032897413","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2020.114557","title":"Current status and challenges of fabricating thin film composite forward osmosis membrane: A comprehensive roadmap","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Persian Gulf University; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Forward osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Desalination; Fouling; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Chemical engineering; Osmotic power; Materials science; Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.04443092059276776,"score_gpt":0.273149295767296,"score_spread":0.22871837517452825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3032897413","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880341,0.002763351,0.0017205451,0.005368963,0.000054503507,0.00037666265,0.000013309566,0.00018298325,0.0014855361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946886,0.0022984291,0.0028167865,0.00013218539,0.000010447258,0.00001662215,0.000023113325,0.000008788332,0.000005064568],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990338,0.000063691485,0.00023789755,0.00026176232,0.00025879382,0.00014401712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948496,0.000087350585,0.0001819624,0.00013276677,0.000026719932,0.000086254135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089770736,0.00010859419,0.0001646426,0.00003726891,0.000065860084,0.000016363518,0.00012971695,0.000054518347,0.00005950923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016581314,0.00010576236,0.000029009076,0.00019339831,0.00012196789,0.00019840949,0.00015468901,0.00010023945,0.00003124878],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011913388,0.00027358902,0.03829095,0.0010413475,0.00007531181,0.0000035512214,0.020651506,0.025895223,0.43805835,0.015899627,0.0015281643,0.45816326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016277168,0.0004764097,0.25409877,0.00011435821,0.000077626624,0.000005275993,0.0032399006,0.25391123,0.4407041,0.0025701048,0.042491376,0.0006831062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003112358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008642554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45748016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004181263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006657886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4312864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033684230","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2020-0066","title":"Congo red filtration by polyacrylonitrile-based copolymer membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Acrylonitrile; Polyaniline; Membrane; Congo red; Copolymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Monomer; Filtration (mathematics); Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Polymer; Polymerization; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010711164378023658,"score_gpt":0.19841168505185297,"score_spread":0.1877005206738293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033684230","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9690253,0.0004869416,0.00028305608,0.016455185,0.000083160056,0.000077363446,0.000044010456,0.00003307695,0.013511916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99811965,0.000006845779,0.00016982271,0.0012400944,0.000060157647,0.0000015011594,0.000012919141,0.000010141763,0.000378868],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999197,0.00001489703,0.0002739324,0.00012620188,0.0001937223,0.00019425739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991129,0.000026671625,0.00019771999,0.00012628686,0.000020461486,0.00051593],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000725472,0.00010546761,0.00014527893,0.000018452563,0.00008022607,0.00004348473,0.0003335568,0.00010907446,0.010119703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022005626,0.000104938605,0.00005873152,0.00018532008,0.00020401516,0.00014462972,0.000008710316,0.00019821648,0.000056766083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014926454,0.000004831418,0.0014976547,0.000017996474,0.0000079754,0.000045892546,0.0000813165,0.00035006803,0.901124,0.0000011555784,0.096400015,0.00045419173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003392154,0.000035920806,0.00010370427,0.000009189222,0.0000082191145,0.000036081117,0.00011708287,0.0002115947,0.94901186,0.000022154694,0.04999258,0.00011239338],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005290498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025389643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047887888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012401443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021955013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9907852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033841463","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118352","title":"Improved antifouling and antibacterial properties of forward osmosis membranes through surface modification with zwitterions and silver-based metal organic frameworks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Surface modification; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.02465909051625905,"score_gpt":0.2409663861550159,"score_spread":0.21630729563875684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033841463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920781,0.00015599786,0.0039365334,0.003440922,0.00008062972,0.00022894178,0.0000041386775,0.000031049512,0.00004367471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98264915,0.00020069104,0.01689453,0.00021162772,0.000024186797,0.0000012999902,5.0384307e-7,0.000012349111,0.0000056593553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822825,0.000052734682,0.00049491297,0.00035039178,0.0006304431,0.0002432405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891037,0.00006377311,0.0005758948,0.00021162267,0.00010232153,0.0001360365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062596076,0.00018200377,0.00037668223,0.00006681602,0.00022904179,0.00011539892,0.00047237056,0.00014445756,0.000075282696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044263792,0.00012533148,0.00004336608,0.000800653,0.0016494252,0.0013523762,0.00015502644,0.00040039787,0.0000023264406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018796157,0.000034656092,0.0016062708,0.000082317885,0.000013052145,0.0000024271728,0.0009066101,0.0033756574,0.99340457,0.00001641983,0.0000048290403,0.00036522956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006706678,0.0004628702,0.0016251848,0.000084278676,0.000055138848,0.00004375355,0.0005563624,0.012463277,0.98377854,0.000039885785,0.0000552951,0.00016476835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003314683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072067455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012957998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037799975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011306847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6077376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034645286","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118326","title":"Development of antifouling membranes using agro-industrial waste lignin for the treatment of Canada's oil sands produced water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Contact angle; Chemistry; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.06507411913636917,"score_gpt":0.2650701211239958,"score_spread":0.19999600198762663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034645286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99725693,0.000074829215,0.00016160819,0.0017824216,0.0003476248,0.00020696294,0.0000040256314,0.000007678559,0.00015792462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928973,0.00006064462,0.006823516,0.000042081083,0.00008863564,0.0000039213883,4.520237e-7,0.000008727142,0.00007475115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974589,0.000031388692,0.0008476347,0.00025856125,0.0010522696,0.00035127552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881995,0.00012571264,0.0005944949,0.00022462972,0.00010752147,0.00012768751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012143,0.000165307,0.00038177814,0.00008539752,0.0003263331,0.00003019963,0.0007933902,0.000051923995,0.000088066496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003190732,0.00008912752,0.00009307851,0.00055557414,0.0004683031,0.00029493138,0.00010046651,0.00009928833,0.0000011648895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009408505,0.000052989697,0.00018814439,0.000036974936,0.000025009573,0.0000027263557,0.0022692704,0.022333374,0.96650225,0.0000035900543,0.00006787275,0.00842373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081716495,0.00024745232,0.00007008647,0.00003793367,0.000039101928,0.000015758707,0.0011456844,0.0056292866,0.98851824,0.0000034165491,0.0033669162,0.000108940214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010581098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013781886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022016024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028040924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085391256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36345148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035351375","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106206","title":"In-situ ultrasound-assisted control of polymeric membrane fouling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"In situ; Fouling; Materials science; Ultrasound; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Medicine; Radiology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.014465127460424936,"score_gpt":0.2329912958459661,"score_spread":0.21852616838554115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3035351375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798,0.00019750315,0.003994411,0.0023637654,0.000098764445,0.00031355524,0.000011666708,0.00017809562,0.013042235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99691635,0.00009419108,0.001785059,0.0010763342,0.000017344439,0.000010534619,0.0000044506114,0.000015322214,0.000080400496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987016,0.00004998995,0.00037048885,0.00030793904,0.0002984957,0.00027150934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921805,0.00027988083,0.0001551935,0.00025609942,0.0000070685473,0.00008369644],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014519975,0.00015057664,0.00027859933,0.000038836522,0.000040176856,0.000014449493,0.0003735825,0.00011203187,0.0011359497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056595803,0.00014667117,0.00006838379,0.0006382233,0.00019564822,0.00021025885,0.000046582052,0.00019694347,0.00027923056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003380865,0.000051234776,0.01260196,0.000017069538,0.000010283994,0.000006934294,0.0004128713,0.0024116808,0.9822215,0.00030870974,0.0002694423,0.0016545079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013803864,0.00015464373,0.023987006,0.000015050729,0.000023954495,0.000021708283,0.00043735045,0.0020294897,0.9671106,0.00015661721,0.004381866,0.000301331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081954466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007099291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01711636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006422521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017626873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037381896","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116691","title":"A self-cleaning and photocatalytic cellulose-fiber- supported “Ag@AgCl@MOF- cloth’’ membrane for complex wastewater remediation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbohydrate Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Cellulose; Cellulose fiber; Membrane; Environmental remediation; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Materials science; Waste management; Composite material; Contamination; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.02394972711139351,"score_gpt":0.2340522703464531,"score_spread":0.21010254323505959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037381896","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98943704,0.00009630123,0.00025513957,0.0021738652,0.00014950417,0.001300231,0.000032116703,0.00064327806,0.0059125377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962192,0.000027679807,0.0021432762,0.0007007412,0.000069180525,0.00009848853,0.00012921923,0.000048915936,0.0005632843],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982674,0.000043929136,0.0003756466,0.0005874404,0.0002826214,0.00044294298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992485,0.0000776955,0.00016793598,0.00026693585,0.000014815206,0.0002241019],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015154289,0.0002677098,0.00028509024,0.00006894143,0.00014569928,0.000066955865,0.0002779702,0.00013630433,0.0018067373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000090615555,0.00026135115,0.000073819116,0.00037950507,0.00023973611,0.00026954236,0.00017757334,0.00013649245,0.0003729058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054962704,0.000022753331,0.00026206177,0.00007763162,0.000032645665,0.0000062868867,0.0014790867,0.00018949212,0.99491024,0.00003757238,0.0018617065,0.0010655598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086397905,0.00016636755,0.00028510933,0.0000072655553,0.0000717675,0.0000037576706,0.00045593784,0.067996226,0.91963595,0.00005585981,0.010094514,0.00036326898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000104568935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001529144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.075274296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000095683885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002025109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038550792","doi":"10.1007/s10570-020-03295-3","title":"Sustainable cellulose-based hydrogel for dewatering of orange juice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Lakehead University; Canadian Sleep & Circadian Network","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council","keywords":"Dewatering; Orange juice; Epichlorohydrin; Chemistry; Cellulose; Orange (colour); Distilled water; Pulp and paper industry; Self-healing hydrogels; Pulp (tooth); Chemical engineering; Food science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021180998885030968,"score_gpt":0.22908756233492983,"score_spread":0.20790656344989886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3038550792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815285,0.00007019529,0.011016968,0.0007700859,0.00003820981,0.0006007108,0.000007689892,0.00020539042,0.005762236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99167746,0.000002468593,0.0047862586,0.0002773499,0.000018667886,0.00005119605,0.0000134872225,0.000021483855,0.0031516133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989472,0.000016369424,0.00023847677,0.0003023185,0.00018363005,0.00031200555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947596,0.00006230304,0.00010770177,0.00024802977,0.000016458847,0.00008954447],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015321226,0.00013485474,0.0001800691,0.000031661533,0.000059451686,0.000017275712,0.00034439552,0.00008580341,0.0014323188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012739908,0.00012935832,0.0000738428,0.00027344425,0.00015505693,0.00014447708,0.00016134077,0.000056504683,0.00026665925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011881848,0.00009579841,0.001814306,0.00043299748,0.000010282857,0.00002165044,0.0007840063,0.0036347243,0.9816643,0.0012990987,0.008856033,0.0012680012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004628432,0.00015634931,0.0000839532,0.0000049969913,0.000013416782,3.7330585e-7,0.0002453863,0.014253829,0.95562583,0.0004963193,0.028505735,0.00015093673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011723904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008126513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026038423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069720714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017897377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039221684","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30107-5","title":"Aquaporin's membranes play a vital role in effectively cleaning both produced and oil and gas flow-back water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Aquaporin; Engineering; Water channel; Water flow; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.007900727348837145,"score_gpt":0.2066318836641928,"score_spread":0.19873115631535565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039221684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.984862,0.0002256508,0.000030711006,0.0109490035,0.0000438072,0.00026791138,0.0000040415725,0.000624372,0.0029924896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99769753,0.00024435553,0.0014414481,0.00025118035,0.000022874052,0.0000768804,0.0000062721765,0.00003761371,0.0002218384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787265,0.00006721455,0.00035110413,0.00092774775,0.0002144393,0.00056682894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939245,0.000060592025,0.00007823142,0.0003582401,0.000007650588,0.000102841776],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027699096,0.00032864438,0.00045635537,0.00022036079,0.00012220084,0.000043307627,0.0003687586,0.00035933478,0.00042665092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022356001,0.00027025884,0.00003220811,0.0005621258,0.0006794601,0.00031517347,0.0006828066,0.00047424427,0.00042497704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009745663,0.000045924713,0.009503753,0.00012107195,0.000015951182,0.000054401,0.0014124766,0.00033720586,0.9302774,0.00016218341,0.000053463744,0.057918686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013668644,0.00035351852,0.001391883,0.000029409095,0.000016565002,0.000108264656,0.0006726899,0.004180062,0.98550665,0.0012506944,0.004685387,0.00043801247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000097564756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013592766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057480674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006356045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008176812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039949322","doi":"10.1063/5.0014255","title":"On the breakup of a permeating oil droplet in crossflow filtration: Effects of viscosity contrast","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Viscosity; Mechanics; Filtration (mathematics); Physics; Contrast (vision); Thermodynamics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012328102951365686,"score_gpt":0.22781480386177952,"score_spread":0.21548670091041383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039949322","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962086,0.0000112158195,0.0009116904,0.0005292597,0.000015853919,0.000106246036,0.000008519188,0.000015802205,0.0021928018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99958736,0.000006171239,0.0002623139,0.00010476273,0.0000128870115,0.00000924974,0.0000020697823,0.000004647118,0.000010540018],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930435,0.000042228065,0.00020638731,0.00012917709,0.00022960022,0.00008827501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941176,0.0002677254,0.00010556936,0.00018833915,0.000010499907,0.000016111084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009807805,0.000075657525,0.00017443072,0.000008658065,0.00002917481,0.000005221458,0.0002206875,0.000030869687,0.000083875195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023431181,0.000058259324,0.000045287492,0.00024361812,0.00026434523,0.00009455346,0.00007579535,0.000084022184,0.000012529001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023578199,0.00009005098,0.0054153004,0.000090167334,0.000006246606,5.24985e-7,0.0012666469,0.0021253733,0.98339546,0.004035934,0.00022413894,0.003326569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028742064,0.00018756423,0.011850206,0.000045983157,0.0000057845555,1.4343097e-7,0.00010574857,0.0073768115,0.97866637,0.0014049335,0.000010224661,0.000058837817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093404386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071096183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006434906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017290302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008627314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23757464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041688444","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118440","title":"Fouling of composite water vapor transport membranes by aerosol nanoparticles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeance; Membrane; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Fouling; Backwashing; Water vapor; Nanoparticle; Nanofiltration; Particle (ecology); Substrate (aquarium); Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01621510460164005,"score_gpt":0.23580501232272505,"score_spread":0.219589907721085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041688444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99484986,0.00010274916,0.00042156968,0.0034155003,0.00014190875,0.00013073596,0.0000048051334,0.000039760347,0.00089313014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968343,0.00007662859,0.0026163606,0.0003787953,0.000028835502,0.0000014377852,8.2451083e-7,0.000011023935,0.000051823234],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99721825,0.0000409719,0.0008143486,0.00029981352,0.0012317155,0.00039487323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898154,0.000052022515,0.0004043905,0.00022706015,0.00007370592,0.0002613076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010394733,0.00017087774,0.00038384178,0.00008799788,0.00017417978,0.000037888647,0.001166798,0.0000623717,0.00078430265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001393042,0.00011642489,0.000120953024,0.000703938,0.0012304347,0.0010472276,0.0001337261,0.00022821708,0.00008238974],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008017135,0.00005793513,0.0017409935,0.000037440266,0.000007889926,0.000017469963,0.001020518,0.0056881467,0.99048185,0.00001167015,0.00017902411,0.00067690836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049985293,0.000250192,0.00053335127,0.000023496717,0.000025006739,0.000057079917,0.00021770532,0.0010583327,0.99619716,0.000048008034,0.00094155106,0.00014823355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021632588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031105465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005715357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051764833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047695707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8587564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041818449","doi":"10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107656","title":"A comprehensive computational study and simulation of innovative zwitterionic materials for enhanced poly (vinylidene fluoride) membrane hydrophilicity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Science and Engineering Research Council; Canadian Natural Resources Limited; International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society","keywords":"Zwitterion; Membrane; Protonation; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Carboxylate; Hydrogen bond; Sulfonate; Amide; Molecule; Organic chemistry; Ion; Sodium","score_opus":0.031348726403230665,"score_gpt":0.2755658487181247,"score_spread":0.244217122314894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041818449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6233333,0.000086217704,0.3762202,0.00014653368,0.000012412051,0.00018942142,0.000004315958,0.000004411955,0.0000032515447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933551,0.000067341796,0.0063743326,0.00017808755,0.000011351949,0.000002753823,0.0000022240092,0.000008361191,4.717483e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989645,0.000045918197,0.0004599623,0.00015100595,0.0002948561,0.00008376287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921525,0.000089626374,0.00040964832,0.000057438785,0.00018383574,0.000044180662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024622434,0.00010194345,0.00026443164,0.00008144728,0.00006367016,0.000023282957,0.00008329118,0.000046944966,0.000008234405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000562964,0.00009247617,0.000034265184,0.00023439885,0.000102539816,0.00013247716,0.00006323036,0.00008696377,1.7529412e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009675375,0.000025828063,0.00006059407,0.000022974365,0.000031102674,0.0000022645243,0.00048044595,0.577929,0.42098463,0.0001283553,9.031896e-7,0.00023714437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010942642,0.0007552091,0.00054703536,0.000025325387,0.000034736782,0.0000063248417,0.00024552646,0.6263687,0.3651935,0.0055946405,0.000015919133,0.00011886407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000130173385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.25012e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37002182,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012934349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013638863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37710688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042137444","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117336","title":"Contribution of biofilm layer to virus removal in gravity-driven membrane systems with passive fouling control","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilm; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Layer (electronics); Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014111883992770375,"score_gpt":0.2556976792261263,"score_spread":0.2415857952333559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042137444","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94849885,0.0001038989,0.037381448,0.011989141,0.000044522607,0.0012147913,0.000024474662,0.00027130017,0.00047157225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786234,0.000049859107,0.0016219224,0.00024953418,0.0000120352925,0.00013277541,0.000025569012,0.000009827217,0.000036115736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986978,0.000072792674,0.00041969304,0.00040704795,0.00020645895,0.0001962075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993215,0.000042781438,0.0002489714,0.00025402528,0.00006233774,0.00007038923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016388799,0.00014815533,0.00029104837,0.00021355366,0.00007670608,0.000023739074,0.0001984259,0.00023686768,0.000054600452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000217034,0.00013456873,0.000019061365,0.0010083062,0.00021809267,0.00017738598,0.000047278954,0.00017074877,0.00010480673],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021625313,0.00005143074,0.007914899,0.000019744266,0.000015424714,0.0000067450765,0.0003606613,0.013299609,0.9570521,0.018174833,0.00020922914,0.0026790812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002605166,0.0008329346,0.008789914,0.00004420579,0.000037988706,0.000045935274,0.0009911272,0.048612736,0.9220981,0.000838704,0.014653812,0.00044937068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008233925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013416934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04936351,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006913601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001833195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5487554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042318382","doi":"10.3390/en13143662","title":"Anaerobic-Based Water Resources Recovery Facilities: A Review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Biogas; Environmental science; Waste management; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; Energy recovery; Anaerobic digestion; Biogas production; Activated sludge; Resource recovery; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering; Chemistry; Energy (signal processing)","score_opus":0.03060479450255634,"score_gpt":0.2691603386378815,"score_spread":0.23855554413532518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042318382","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000019866138,0.9894611,0.000007535011,0.0003814475,0.00013468352,0.0005569504,0.000059039634,0.0005046064,0.008874763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000014760227,0.9901364,0.00069345545,0.0005467013,0.000045501714,0.00030725612,0.00015137008,0.000046202153,0.008071633],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99758196,0.0002314807,0.0006907577,0.000693927,0.00041211298,0.00038973766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987414,0.00013931951,0.00022409442,0.0008094421,0.0000064076194,0.00007934164],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026592636,0.0005228653,0.0015470402,0.000088301436,0.00011566334,0.00006725833,0.0008989484,0.0002784187,0.008279406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020504568,0.00033221702,0.00050906267,0.00037729883,0.0002960803,0.0001698917,0.00046820714,0.00034406062,0.0057669203],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028669003,0.000014533516,5.976438e-7,0.027005062,0.000047014495,0.000028999753,0.00009061544,0.00031353152,0.000008533559,0.00002581236,0.060994964,0.9114675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039114286,0.00005326483,9.320315e-8,0.008690801,0.0001492746,0.000006418439,0.000033986977,0.0000039981373,0.00021439792,0.00004324493,0.9903432,0.00042217335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010016825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031707677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9293483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031330838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034575787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043163697","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c12141","title":"In Situ Ag-MOF Growth on Pre-Grafted Zwitterions Imparts Outstanding Antifouling Properties to Forward Osmosis Membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Babol Noshirvani University of Technology; Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Silver nitrate; Polyamide; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026990877468887273,"score_gpt":0.2501824721880056,"score_spread":0.2231915947191183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3043163697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99165875,0.000016885971,0.000054487133,0.004577964,0.00018477559,0.00092680403,0.000020342186,0.0003190428,0.0022409274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99758154,0.000042481206,0.00044787207,0.0014863799,0.000049155296,0.00025983088,0.000007645637,0.00003894352,0.00008612092],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99797314,0.000053357628,0.0005532763,0.00064704707,0.000329568,0.0004436124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993965,0.000043222914,0.00015218457,0.00030063058,0.000010497021,0.00009698799],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002550497,0.00033153483,0.0004590998,0.00010537562,0.0001290152,0.00022961145,0.00055861234,0.00013145724,0.00092332956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011984501,0.00027176036,0.00001992273,0.000347679,0.00013814011,0.0003045693,0.00054605614,0.00012844418,0.0012906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036837655,0.000038525643,0.00017180895,0.000085598804,0.000015858357,0.000004442161,0.0040334463,0.0013284911,0.9924319,0.00013763341,0.0012605625,0.0001233684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002907715,0.00016451832,0.00042451132,0.00007143065,0.000013294529,0.0000015162951,0.00095106906,0.000007749142,0.9970216,0.00027805587,0.00044950575,0.00032594427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014472038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000090599526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0059227995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011767472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008045637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043445575","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2020.106228","title":"A critical review on ultrasonic-assisted fouling control and cleaning of fouled membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ultrasonics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Alberta","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ultrasonic sensor; Cavitation; Materials science; Sonication; Ultrasound; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Acoustics; Engineering","score_opus":0.04429927265592804,"score_gpt":0.32060840374695204,"score_spread":0.276309131091024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3043445575","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000015846885,0.99562657,0.00016841838,0.00044676196,0.00010296878,0.0011629151,0.00006370507,0.00020483875,0.0022079584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00072308833,0.99690896,0.0016271194,0.00048612693,0.00003219074,0.000095509226,0.000025140223,0.00006483632,0.000037025166],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99685913,0.0003054131,0.0010748626,0.0007966947,0.00054376427,0.00042011097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962414,0.0024187784,0.00053791964,0.0006108505,0.00002408298,0.00016700597],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056152564,0.00056948216,0.0024426822,0.000073081894,0.00011984829,0.000046169946,0.00060871453,0.0004218017,0.0005521574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005561243,0.00046213716,0.00041846378,0.0005701492,0.0004581935,0.0001401596,0.00012429785,0.00076598715,0.00029048166],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010469826,0.00006038148,0.000007541291,0.04107203,0.0000883313,0.000023143315,0.00003405328,0.0000074683508,0.00007708906,0.0010383887,0.0006611103,0.95691997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031482498,0.00020165286,0.000007485378,0.03484834,0.0011002413,0.00013501829,0.00002639759,0.00013541224,0.000074789874,0.00009818664,0.9625247,0.0005329109],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010207482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072167245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96186364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015088766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007490371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044035953","doi":"10.1007/s10570-020-03325-0","title":"A cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane with a stable three-layer structure for the treatment of drinking water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Cellulose; Materials science; Polyamide; Phase inversion; Regenerated cellulose; Covalent bond; Polymerization; Bacterial cellulose; Water treatment; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.02364315314225998,"score_gpt":0.2209274651411017,"score_spread":0.19728431199884172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044035953","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730263,0.00007336802,0.023563307,0.001556697,0.0000508487,0.0011153242,0.000015615773,0.00010302108,0.0004955662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950264,0.0000089119985,0.0042119254,0.00016916468,0.000031275667,0.0000871222,0.000038172006,0.000021172218,0.0004058546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989728,0.000021163072,0.00020427688,0.00030967043,0.00024866682,0.00024342499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994353,0.00008628841,0.00009301615,0.0003203827,0.000014870392,0.00005012763],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006297089,0.00018159914,0.00018522744,0.00001998625,0.000114989096,0.00003281165,0.00023666381,0.00007757592,0.001788455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009837893,0.00009094108,0.00006481134,0.00016173816,0.00017226426,0.00011403837,0.000028993103,0.00005332354,0.000050066603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022167264,0.000088130466,0.0022359863,0.000035940706,0.000030860574,0.0000030289068,0.001341442,0.012538252,0.9810122,0.00012850815,0.00022741432,0.002136558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000856523,0.00068713294,0.00026172338,0.000005060359,0.00005384783,8.1441164e-7,0.00008116591,0.023661507,0.9635917,0.0001587494,0.010510104,0.00013169747],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009915973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002831033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022000149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007806708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017037091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99912405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044227038","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117459","title":"On the estimation of the leaked volume of an oil droplet undergoing breakup in crossflow filtration: CFD investigation, scaling, and a macroscopic model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Mechanics; Permeation; Scaling; Computational fluid dynamics; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Oil droplet; Work (physics); Materials science; Cross-flow filtration; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01784600911189121,"score_gpt":0.2550603056698086,"score_spread":0.23721429655791737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044227038","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770466,0.000033503293,0.0058228555,0.01640534,0.000018028844,0.0002653919,0.00000769791,0.00007720961,0.00032334568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693316,0.00004225286,0.0024499286,0.0003732047,0.000003859802,0.000050659863,0.000014851551,0.000007325934,0.00012472784],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989216,0.000085591535,0.0004078722,0.00028877112,0.00019042782,0.00010579124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923563,0.00006948454,0.00029674053,0.00034114215,0.000027222468,0.000029801766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024595155,0.00011357529,0.00014408941,0.00008377174,0.00016526744,0.000029993784,0.0002410757,0.00017069583,0.000059420418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044085088,0.00008471885,0.000017168746,0.0006724276,0.0007540873,0.00024617204,0.000068019166,0.00016324226,0.000009725946],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009814889,0.00014655916,0.030129721,0.00016100732,0.000017380715,5.247138e-7,0.00712145,0.311998,0.40501052,0.21063493,0.0010357379,0.033646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037800666,0.00012887627,0.013284734,0.000029594514,0.000009432112,0.000004224915,0.00060985505,0.8060349,0.15000181,0.029322147,0.00007794239,0.0001184366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030163219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012699822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4940369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003022724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003978451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34547344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044824625","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.0c02547","title":"Elucidating the Trade-off between Membrane Wetting Resistance and Water Vapor Flux in Membrane Distillation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Wetting; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Water vapor; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Desalination; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010692686411946246,"score_gpt":0.22025709221884818,"score_spread":0.20956440580690194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044824625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97447294,0.000092413255,0.00025961004,0.021811416,0.000042918367,0.0004762885,0.000008041755,0.00024606488,0.002590305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99826,0.000056159388,0.0011436574,0.00029148723,0.000026516667,0.00004053474,0.000010219647,0.00001819552,0.00015320665],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99732107,0.000056529556,0.00045947597,0.0008951431,0.00059093494,0.00067686854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921936,0.00006982817,0.00014261117,0.00045549677,0.0000013713359,0.00011130749],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073357974,0.00025286165,0.0002619959,0.00017489768,0.00060981256,0.00006535231,0.0009859279,0.00018064369,0.0006363607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020119116,0.00017823985,0.000032048567,0.0011895357,0.0036873189,0.00057651964,0.0009836865,0.00045218025,0.00024757374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010293666,0.00001999209,0.083010696,0.000007724579,0.0000033032752,0.000010175495,0.0011175368,0.0004330292,0.89588946,0.00017792903,0.00004668161,0.019273167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037972885,0.000084724204,0.08165083,0.000012978273,0.000011856969,0.000016159473,0.0015417391,0.0015457283,0.9057344,0.0007322271,0.007960005,0.00032959276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019373785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006072536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023787081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027877104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000880186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990241},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046168211","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c13029","title":"Toward Sustainable Tackling of Biofouling Implications and Improved Performance of TFC FO Membranes Modified by Ag-MOF Nanorods","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Nanorod; Materials science; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.016488934924140927,"score_gpt":0.2316534333522132,"score_spread":0.21516449842807228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046168211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997647,0.00011425679,0.00013529994,0.0005078905,0.000031670028,0.0004662648,0.000057187743,0.00009419859,0.0009462717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986293,0.0002823887,0.0008209417,0.000070035254,0.000011006579,0.00006990222,0.000017594046,0.000018289938,0.000080578764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872094,0.000019329676,0.0005108406,0.00035431093,0.00013680621,0.0002577876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999293,0.000043607462,0.00033698606,0.0002583045,0.000024557467,0.000043521795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022297053,0.00018200294,0.00035467366,0.000036592577,0.00008590497,0.000046786463,0.00039593468,0.00011296582,0.00026947403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055016902,0.0001650151,0.0000115933,0.00018420265,0.00029981314,0.00022012094,0.00045123688,0.000064905566,0.000012746762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008362464,0.000021359781,0.00012359113,0.0003775141,0.000015494283,1.1975538e-7,0.0007476793,0.0004864673,0.9967487,0.00044414317,0.00012806908,0.00082323694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026521788,0.00012090457,0.0001334223,0.00001274066,0.000018662678,0.000001017737,0.0010413599,0.000107410386,0.9976801,0.0003010441,0.0001611794,0.0001569005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018527471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002452236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009823029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028460972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011251356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.672912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048406336","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127866","title":"Effect of Fe2+ ions on gypsum precipitation during bulk crystallization of reverse osmosis concentrates","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"KU Leuven","keywords":"Gypsum; Crystallization; Precipitation; Supersaturation; Chemistry; Nucleation; Classical nucleation theory; Citric acid; Reverse osmosis; Salt (chemistry); Inorganic chemistry; Desalination; Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Materials science; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008732379253705085,"score_gpt":0.22746261305608323,"score_spread":0.21873023380237813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048406336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946892,0.000023610313,0.00020320155,0.0002877017,0.00002782986,0.00028289921,0.0000065187673,0.000076950586,0.0044020545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991766,0.000028407734,0.00058198697,0.000040053506,0.000008187659,0.000012410675,0.000011465017,0.000009159158,0.00013168222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925375,0.00003941033,0.00021006836,0.00019655876,0.00019626357,0.00010393672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954236,0.00007880569,0.00016179949,0.00016698347,0.000011719408,0.000038332688],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000076592005,0.00009896548,0.00015862894,0.0000049372156,0.00003881005,0.000006131235,0.00014701055,0.00007225637,0.0015702128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002907577,0.00008988608,0.000043612807,0.00026828222,0.00012441268,0.00012276134,0.00005846022,0.00006423018,0.00007563327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012682617,0.000037048343,0.011875094,0.000228624,0.000012040642,9.666653e-7,0.00051985827,0.013864398,0.9700064,0.0000784837,0.0012923562,0.0019578869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039595514,0.00028486454,0.00398335,0.00003561682,0.000014565064,2.773479e-7,0.00013055273,0.0012010228,0.99361354,0.000038672162,0.00022495365,0.000076610755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019761792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041403464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023607142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051914198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053723593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080802904","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2020.08.012","title":"Can the time-lag method be used for the characterization of liquid permeation membranes?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeation; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Reverse osmosis; Chromatography; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering","score_opus":0.017798734679352116,"score_gpt":0.23507550069680086,"score_spread":0.21727676601744875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3080802904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48942912,0.000057714613,0.4643251,0.04168322,0.00006218996,0.003965554,0.00012127458,0.00015042404,0.00020542416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882233,0.00013947416,0.00015809684,0.0004124968,0.0000314029,0.0002550656,0.000059538874,0.000013645764,0.00010792251],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910474,0.00006321375,0.00022577564,0.00025540884,0.00022845413,0.00012243264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995825,0.000059650254,0.00018703175,0.00013662221,0.0000032386165,0.00003094706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030022144,0.0001231434,0.0001188906,0.000012784781,0.00039372046,0.000018193301,0.00016540171,0.000078630845,0.0003411351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054654254,0.00007951935,0.000038078004,0.00014167871,0.00021872717,0.00023248437,0.00007455619,0.00011349956,0.000013089178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038190428,0.00002804717,0.00013391442,0.00007638184,0.00001542752,6.410783e-8,0.0020617673,0.008795659,0.9789501,0.000025109057,0.0000044748936,0.00952719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006132565,0.0005217779,0.004841397,0.000010568791,0.00006700397,0.000008827891,0.0011582059,0.30251026,0.68285143,0.00026631408,0.0069325413,0.00021840044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029732058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008383381,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5093933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050036168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004510635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37351903},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081099123","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00608d","title":"Dynamic monitoring and proactive fouling management in a pilot scale gas-sparged anaerobic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"American Water (Canada)","funders":"Engineer Research and Development Center; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Bioreactor; Fouling; Anaerobic exercise; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Membrane; SCALE-UP; Scale (ratio); Environmental science; Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Biology; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03589943626097788,"score_gpt":0.30118098315262365,"score_spread":0.2652815468916458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081099123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924706,0.000054333344,0.0000566981,0.005140467,0.00004146312,0.0010657222,0.000003513992,0.0002247619,0.0009424443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941571,0.0004343451,0.005011401,0.00003895512,0.000008100905,0.0002256474,0.0000034369111,0.000023757171,0.000097296666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99594635,0.000090062174,0.00032792933,0.0012681988,0.0010885354,0.0012789168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991859,0.000023443716,0.000049814247,0.00050554617,0.0000048289967,0.00023046689],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011545944,0.00025267847,0.0002438496,0.000646511,0.0005036383,0.00009502114,0.0012374562,0.00013591303,0.0003527416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005877767,0.00020623275,0.00002472619,0.0016918032,0.0047206497,0.00070930383,0.0030375172,0.0007310121,0.00067983055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049052902,0.00012871696,0.018287884,0.00001059943,0.000007021695,0.00006439378,0.0007657714,0.0001446596,0.9671303,0.000037208458,0.0000068350737,0.0133675365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059252436,0.0005316551,0.029869568,0.000016712445,0.000004916469,0.000018999943,0.0030326308,0.0023145652,0.96179765,0.0008453737,0.00068694755,0.0002884453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000089978465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033761502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013079091,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009839712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010848883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081111112","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118634","title":"Effects of surfactant addition to draw solution on the performance of osmotic membrane bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Public Health Agency of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Pulmonary surfactant; Osmotic pressure; Sodium; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Osmosis; Chromatography; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Sodium propionate; Ionic bonding; Reverse osmosis; Propionate; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Ion","score_opus":0.013850076193613952,"score_gpt":0.22477180324078114,"score_spread":0.2109217270471672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081111112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99527186,0.000017135972,0.00017806725,0.0034354222,0.00019123456,0.00029316676,0.0000048215093,0.000017951843,0.00059034646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986395,0.00007293301,0.0008815486,0.00034771825,0.00002988389,0.0000026772175,3.221968e-7,0.0000073701876,0.00001803057],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748355,0.00007670426,0.0005848838,0.00023276384,0.0013577617,0.00026431176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984521,0.0003360992,0.0006904009,0.00026568852,0.00009352221,0.00016215388],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012370393,0.00014611868,0.0003010559,0.00015476155,0.00014902005,0.000024772216,0.0010489591,0.000053856686,0.00037552856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001532392,0.00009274032,0.000093031376,0.0014411258,0.0008786488,0.0006106198,0.00016378594,0.00024174618,0.00008343416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011084348,0.00006778129,0.00030986298,0.00007089512,0.0000057318034,0.0000033045856,0.00044634604,0.0050056605,0.9922093,0.00011105147,0.00027523446,0.0013839662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027613025,0.0011969978,0.01591458,0.00012205339,0.000018037439,0.000013741831,0.00008683359,0.0033709775,0.97865677,0.000022731032,0.00022553903,0.00009562465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015516734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022982888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015604717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011476943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088447334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41117743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081211509","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2020.110124","title":"Three-dimension oxygen gradient induced low energy input for grey water treatment in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Aeration; Oxygen; Wastewater; Hydraulic retention time; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Chemical engineering; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Biofilm; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06652054515474827,"score_gpt":0.3024043447052513,"score_spread":0.23588379955050304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081211509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955425,0.00003374527,0.00014542672,0.0026190705,0.000051991377,0.0012438699,0.00004390155,0.00010835136,0.00021112576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975858,0.00004905733,0.00080485764,0.00044091186,0.00005238445,0.0005589094,0.00027361477,0.000061023373,0.00017347836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963573,0.00020197018,0.00042644193,0.0010656224,0.00097142527,0.0009772073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875385,0.00012664338,0.000060794777,0.0006731064,0.000006186047,0.00037941395],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052524294,0.0003474227,0.00032377182,0.00019197435,0.00024072635,0.00006482873,0.0005989936,0.00024558263,0.0021802972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065541564,0.00026756374,0.000107245665,0.0003216323,0.0003910666,0.000436508,0.00040478728,0.00029592132,0.0008826087],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036546588,0.0006265811,0.0041850875,0.0000126723935,0.0000118062535,0.00003411029,0.00049713487,0.00077558367,0.9771009,0.000027471451,0.00014667767,0.016216526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016521967,0.002151915,0.008892271,0.000010281617,0.000006471414,0.0000016856068,0.00021964824,0.014428574,0.9644395,0.00030520288,0.0075623756,0.00032987102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087578146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000978832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015886655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012295778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028224893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081234615","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128070","title":"Forward osmosis with direct contact membrane distillation using tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate as an effective and safe thermo-recyclable osmotic agent for seawater desalination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy; National Research Foundation of Korea; Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Ministry of Education; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Lower critical solution temperature; Membrane distillation; Forward osmosis; Chromatography; Cloud point; Desalination; Membrane; Osmosis; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014366528476034597,"score_gpt":0.23976943450364807,"score_spread":0.22540290602761348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081234615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914162,0.00007073108,0.0038592194,0.0004681831,0.00004894982,0.0012808943,0.000014090102,0.00019791751,0.0026438038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942936,0.000020806494,0.0049894475,0.00028448418,0.000023529721,0.00009597404,0.00003983841,0.000041766096,0.00021056857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862057,0.00004506442,0.00021609155,0.00057518244,0.00025538894,0.0002876839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937963,0.000103049904,0.00014338522,0.00022709295,0.00003187914,0.00011496462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017031607,0.00025215434,0.0002772666,0.000009576398,0.00021212436,0.00008506163,0.00015567694,0.00013298164,0.00043513853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001151571,0.000203692,0.000047522648,0.00025247855,0.00012680699,0.00049124507,0.000073234405,0.00010295756,0.000047775226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020153015,0.00023104278,0.05146774,0.0004966144,0.00021618063,0.000019940295,0.0032352572,0.034030825,0.81918633,0.0003064253,0.0006094239,0.088184945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015082986,0.0006286196,0.02114205,0.000040608662,0.00010332057,0.000009807501,0.00034471604,0.059689973,0.91387826,0.00040318072,0.0018294852,0.00042169326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036111663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010494298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09469194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022326937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015264912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83063185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081972806","doi":"10.3390/membranes10090213","title":"Ozone Chemically Enhanced Backwash for Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Cyanobacteria-Laden Water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ozone; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Cyanobacteria; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Water treatment; Membrane; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Bacteria; Geology","score_opus":0.014139552767376834,"score_gpt":0.22699151313175867,"score_spread":0.21285196036438184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081972806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865584,0.000031561336,0.0035932777,0.0064061037,0.00013115154,0.0010010063,0.000023091001,0.00034005442,0.0019153805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959635,0.000041460153,0.0015306808,0.001765688,0.000096966556,0.00019506784,0.00005449183,0.000041493484,0.00031062734],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99793065,0.000049984865,0.00051119126,0.00064045016,0.00028553515,0.0005822196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932444,0.00012364851,0.0000918043,0.000320814,0.000015471842,0.00012384773],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024663424,0.00028698117,0.0004492801,0.000051721698,0.00009109019,0.000063373634,0.0005609623,0.00020490628,0.0027757909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019650078,0.0002330117,0.0001091531,0.00023170085,0.00017253427,0.00033032577,0.00016135891,0.00020092254,0.0009162858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000225696,0.000040071078,0.0003886809,0.00010474232,0.0000135467635,0.0000051435477,0.00070365454,0.0021238094,0.99533826,0.000017662487,0.00020666856,0.00083205145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022599627,0.00009496263,0.0003807922,0.000015943659,0.000017604778,0.0000034462528,0.00011464245,0.00575129,0.9843464,0.00023949718,0.006439,0.00033647913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003956744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052913863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010991894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008962155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010375145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3082032732","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2020.104426","title":"Investigating the efficacy of PVDF membranes customized with sulfonated graphene oxide nanosheets for enhanced permeability and antifouling","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Graphene; Materials science; Oxide; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Polyvinylidene fluoride; Bovine serum albumin; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.008941607826624828,"score_gpt":0.19949467272671584,"score_spread":0.190553064900091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3082032732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963822,0.000100035846,0.0029156343,0.0003105114,0.000018574166,0.00022437453,0.000005349613,0.000023969218,0.000019348343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859787,0.00003272377,0.013881949,0.000057965146,0.000022323731,0.000005631187,0.0000018099739,0.000017342125,0.0000015602944],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988941,0.000016241676,0.00044676702,0.00018605865,0.00028620876,0.00017064529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918866,0.0003075765,0.0002714897,0.00011794566,0.000005186563,0.00010916396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022144066,0.00016048444,0.00029839735,0.000022962988,0.000045759818,0.000013018709,0.00023268649,0.00006828859,0.00005033224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048119965,0.00010903967,0.000085954816,0.00013744293,0.00031204618,0.00017027027,0.00010803358,0.00022380635,0.0000011869923],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010677428,0.00002905048,0.0010364592,0.00004939967,0.00002818708,9.7572e-7,0.0002597523,0.03821864,0.9599024,0.0000061414175,0.0000052489995,0.00035698558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014178406,0.00010290712,0.0045359526,0.00003903693,0.000039425293,0.000018095408,0.00014477313,0.00958816,0.98390794,0.000025413743,0.000053484287,0.00012696566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024248043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6642488e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02863048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058247453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058061396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44465086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3082615682","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118681","title":"Polyamide reverse osmosis membranes containing 1D nanochannels for enhanced water purification","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Permeability (electromagnetism); Osmotic power; Layer (electronics); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.02692729193642586,"score_gpt":0.26277053449887605,"score_spread":0.2358432425624502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3082615682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760433,0.00005770319,0.009644395,0.01151599,0.00040024094,0.00042013873,0.0000045269544,0.0000778411,0.001835878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99079776,0.00008282426,0.0075729406,0.0012020014,0.00010928661,0.000014230414,0.0000013790802,0.000015075619,0.0002045177],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99743646,0.00004936722,0.00069364556,0.00041764113,0.0009201467,0.00048273063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872935,0.00011572075,0.000478446,0.00027563155,0.0001425456,0.00025827967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017173744,0.00019020142,0.0003393896,0.00015216814,0.00035987524,0.0001152086,0.0012009594,0.0000854599,0.00058310514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00116855,0.00013613343,0.00014092808,0.0007099059,0.00070044346,0.0015061942,0.00017542546,0.00021107422,0.00016347575],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014903459,0.000024530125,0.000074132884,0.00003025771,0.000007367187,0.000004286929,0.0016006485,0.0034316748,0.9917595,0.00009569256,0.00022452392,0.0025983746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006546241,0.0004031148,0.00021951752,0.0000259195,0.00002385402,0.00002582175,0.0008568992,0.0013842412,0.990018,0.0003574347,0.0058410503,0.00018951652],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017588567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037405302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014754458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014646679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078208286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6384592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083800441","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00461h","title":"Coagulation/flocculation prior to low pressure membranes in drinking water treatment: a review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; Vancouver Biotech (Canada); Toronto Public Health","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Flocculation; Coagulation; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Engineering; Biochemistry; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.05609013769674251,"score_gpt":0.36412000821535234,"score_spread":0.30802987051860986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083800441","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006840716,0.97813976,0.000022135782,0.0049274717,0.00013423762,0.008483264,0.000028889923,0.00048366736,0.00093988003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02856452,0.96810174,0.00039482908,0.000116812334,0.0000363399,0.0017188626,0.00011137758,0.000076132055,0.00087937736],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9923632,0.00040344233,0.0010971071,0.0022455505,0.0019465734,0.0019441065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979416,0.00006396398,0.00014727752,0.0015213337,0.000012808811,0.00031298824],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021994682,0.0007305572,0.0015544324,0.0015308211,0.0007130666,0.00015177377,0.002860803,0.00060028007,0.0034287483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021240533,0.00044879375,0.00021670402,0.0029714976,0.0029558078,0.00089696556,0.0038954162,0.0010652646,0.011110905],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013369484,0.00025243612,0.00021724452,0.002868244,0.000039263392,0.0001717208,0.0005623485,0.00029257152,0.022982135,0.000057825804,0.00016424409,0.9723786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020702223,0.00027887625,0.000032448734,0.0029557142,0.000074223615,0.00007709617,0.00006918682,0.00008593706,0.04029023,0.00026657392,0.9550949,0.00056783593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011439537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006621055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97181076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0028124629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008669601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083949612","doi":"10.1038/s41598-020-71755-8","title":"Case studies of clinical hemodialysis membranes: influences of membrane morphology and biocompatibility on uremic blood-membrane interactions and inflammatory biomarkers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Paul's Hospital; University of Alberta; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Membrane; Hemodialysis; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.05882472592481697,"score_gpt":0.338570244673895,"score_spread":0.27974551874907805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083949612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981121,0.0002021063,0.0000045192173,0.0002746859,0.0006216386,0.0004033872,0.000008374307,0.000068958376,0.000304266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907804,0.000114922535,0.0006693932,0.000052989068,0.000013795295,0.000014752591,0.0000056139515,0.000008281702,0.00004222936],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.996637,0.00021240595,0.0015164356,0.001010652,0.00042270691,0.00020079111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99756795,0.00050671597,0.0009824248,0.0007162335,0.00007289714,0.00015378809],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021891792,0.00020310371,0.0006530065,0.00016558157,0.00019635934,0.0000335439,0.00016780995,0.000117513766,0.0002297325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002474658,0.00016827609,0.00011298013,0.0006773475,0.004258086,0.000294312,0.0003430426,0.00018368707,0.000008546213],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010434353,0.00018469409,0.2088167,0.00040005049,0.00025814233,0.0012167027,0.0017740878,0.0007937057,0.78316116,0.000018927753,0.00042883007,0.0028426147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006520325,0.00027059563,0.018919494,0.00007220322,0.0002785513,0.0024731283,0.0025154615,0.00096862006,0.9720614,0.00080688385,0.0006393924,0.00034225459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011888898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012649776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18989722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018264187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040843508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99845177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084422453","doi":"10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105742","title":"A case study of poly (aryl ether sulfone) hemodialysis membrane interactions with human blood: Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental analyses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation","keywords":"Hemodialysis; Membrane; Chemistry; Human serum albumin; Attenuated total reflection; Materials science; Medicine; Infrared spectroscopy; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Surgery","score_opus":0.1058781029728596,"score_gpt":0.4207964232250604,"score_spread":0.3149183202522008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084422453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8898791,0.00016535605,0.109342866,0.00014144913,0.000016390466,0.00038555908,8.6965935e-7,0.000043673102,0.000024714967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8283288,0.0000022163936,0.1715628,0.00005915883,0.0000120830755,0.000016909244,0.000006574954,0.000008188296,0.0000032908663],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989507,0.00015859243,0.00029091715,0.00033677937,0.00015069511,0.0001123166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953866,0.000091546615,0.00011397684,0.00017344602,0.000010285494,0.000072058465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026629464,0.00014289201,0.00029564812,0.000115390045,0.00006168029,0.000023451428,0.00008680427,0.000043524356,0.000044480814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012136795,0.000107580185,0.000020172114,0.00062176347,0.0002895594,0.000096781114,0.00017045958,0.0001092469,3.2158744e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013950786,0.0016300697,0.048109032,0.00008494861,0.00030621147,0.0009985148,0.025082571,0.009633407,0.36628821,0.00003877654,0.0000028019947,0.5476859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048623127,0.006843357,0.0034483483,0.000060186398,0.00038115314,0.0004857346,0.01673842,0.8932328,0.07333957,0.00009090597,0.00007813667,0.00043905026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007377345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013181579,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8835994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023542836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031355312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43869928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088243959","doi":"10.1007/s11356-020-10884-z","title":"Sulfate removal using colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration: performance evaluation and adsorption studies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Sulfate; Adsorption; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Colloid; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.13873272778716847,"score_gpt":0.3824741910636269,"score_spread":0.24374146327645843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3088243959","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960932,0.00030756235,0.00008130642,0.0017839397,0.000051090698,0.00053170684,0.000003952241,0.00003781553,0.0011094201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978266,0.0010900109,0.0007263131,0.00018042301,0.000034149736,0.00002717723,0.0000026813996,0.000005886464,0.00010677386],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970242,0.00014926364,0.00020032561,0.0005472906,0.0017119425,0.00036698315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955815,0.00003367698,0.000063219435,0.00015683172,0.00002655324,0.00016157159],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002596105,0.00011857906,0.00011374308,0.000097520984,0.00094982923,0.00009102889,0.00019950679,0.0000578862,0.0004137678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037135315,0.00010769763,0.000012468273,0.0008581311,0.0032136769,0.001067883,0.0003486489,0.00018933423,0.0001332212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029982053,0.000014381571,0.002514602,0.0000067441733,0.0000029357482,6.0770367e-7,0.0009960651,0.0016691164,0.97269154,0.00004289644,0.00013452295,0.02189659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007743323,0.00050101493,0.1309995,0.000024711304,0.000017288845,0.00003280687,0.006635461,0.15838999,0.70003694,0.00025828014,0.0019990127,0.00033064024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000332134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009284648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2726546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055407506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005165227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999499},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089392441","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05127","title":"Development of superhydrophillic tannic acid-crosslinked graphene oxide membranes for efficient treatment of oil contaminated water with enhanced stability","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Tides Canada","keywords":"Tannic acid; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Water treatment; Contaminated water; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Water contamination; Chemistry; Contamination; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biochemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.024171018790225984,"score_gpt":0.23701691425142643,"score_spread":0.21284589546120045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3089392441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99762714,0.00019253897,0.0012247053,0.00017414725,0.00002455005,0.00050833303,0.000020805164,0.00009474836,0.00013303565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944535,0.00013914217,0.005130216,0.000025063773,0.000004119217,0.0001481664,0.000033142467,0.000016460219,0.000050197385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985028,0.000033034477,0.00048335077,0.00040757185,0.00029062203,0.0002826325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994208,0.000040488372,0.0001292227,0.000297023,0.000038485832,0.00007397327],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001311756,0.0002114594,0.00038947805,0.000036094338,0.00008612232,0.000005964824,0.00019024617,0.00008497837,0.00037334152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030676965,0.00013464593,0.00007684251,0.00022511704,0.00030470398,0.000060236773,0.00006549819,0.000038622882,0.000041776224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035407167,0.00022697379,0.0006831112,0.00041795115,0.000034708177,6.3212735e-7,0.004926442,0.0010627918,0.990061,0.000007286908,5.608019e-7,0.0022244565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001200581,0.0005839972,0.0016375737,0.000035245605,0.00002416547,4.2586996e-7,0.0006020975,0.00031796543,0.99470234,0.0000054770007,0.0007222174,0.00016788719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019443482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000618472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004641353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013421419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026548398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5490702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090331079","doi":"10.1002/app.49867","title":"Cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes customized with copper oxide nanoparticles for efficient separation with antifouling behavior","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Cellulose acetate; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Phase inversion; Nanoparticle; Permeation; Copper; Oxide; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.014508587183682121,"score_gpt":0.2494600586058649,"score_spread":0.23495147142218278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090331079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99440575,0.000050558847,0.0036582241,0.00069970597,0.00004664277,0.00051429204,0.0000023561458,0.000055167984,0.00056732894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903563,0.0000067346264,0.009275831,0.00025530887,0.0000261093,0.000035310117,0.00000109411,0.000014371405,0.000028896491],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801433,0.00002088585,0.00043794283,0.0003507385,0.00084761664,0.00032849464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897856,0.00008192516,0.0005017989,0.00017940544,0.00006679692,0.00019150173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000672545,0.00018148545,0.00026304837,0.00009427362,0.00027078492,0.00014331992,0.00048085305,0.000046945483,0.00006551102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031179487,0.00012038088,0.000046406083,0.00084864895,0.000765866,0.0005246931,0.000047716876,0.00014545236,0.00003420356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010437316,0.00006573616,0.00035216587,0.000010368765,0.00000739579,0.000005566688,0.0009463094,0.023503486,0.97275627,0.0002041068,0.00006238025,0.0010424745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014769388,0.00035816876,0.0007615742,0.000012093112,0.00006766811,0.000038005008,0.00055512803,0.0073695574,0.9890464,0.000009811025,0.000121261386,0.00018338376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007138786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064545256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016290132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077826255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012060011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49089897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092523887","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2020.10.003","title":"Thin film nanocomposite RO membranes: Review on fabrication techniques and impacts of nanofiller characteristics on membrane properties","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Desalination; Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Nanomaterials; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.016820925647887917,"score_gpt":0.2199074543300487,"score_spread":0.2030865286821608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092523887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97573256,0.0029613283,0.0017980924,0.008081888,0.00007887511,0.005861952,0.000096175136,0.000597989,0.0047911443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98295015,0.0160435,0.00009011705,0.00065751333,0.00002172621,0.00013362996,0.000025624022,0.000018859013,0.000058850925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868447,0.0000633408,0.00036847792,0.00041789457,0.0003100697,0.00015573941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946874,0.00001619928,0.00026024412,0.00016974013,0.0000047940607,0.0000802842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017839998,0.00022556716,0.00027784982,0.000035271292,0.00018502469,0.000017305814,0.0001229634,0.000112713846,0.00021005032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007179289,0.00018126251,0.0000326911,0.0001501192,0.00025999485,0.00031242933,0.00009717423,0.00019256443,0.00004472137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00165757,0.0003527245,0.0015232468,0.0060129156,0.00004339019,0.0000047986596,0.0016147235,0.0015357747,0.89708805,0.00005927525,0.000076366116,0.09003114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039641032,0.001103224,0.0035256692,0.0009493639,0.00003780877,0.000027455246,0.00018398001,0.0062473034,0.98283035,0.00006428499,0.0042764535,0.00035767356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025517238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011404331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08967347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007190674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004329958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73916703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092719443","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118793","title":"Fouling of nanofiltration membranes based on polyelectrolyte multilayers: The effect of a zwitterionic final layer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wetsus; Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu; European Commission; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyelectrolyte; Membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Chemistry; Surface charge; Sulfonate; Humic acid; Polyelectrolyte adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Allylamine; Membrane fouling; Acrylic acid; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Sodium; Polymer; Monomer; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.021553028379530083,"score_gpt":0.2648253227923759,"score_spread":0.24327229441284584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092719443","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942544,0.0000532397,0.0010048365,0.0035901628,0.00013130184,0.00024108215,0.0000017931704,0.000018910361,0.0007042428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99842155,0.000024945093,0.0011452525,0.00033946065,0.000041931547,0.0000031007746,2.4209328e-7,0.000008490208,0.000015054852],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99732125,0.00015810989,0.0006476069,0.0002497078,0.001353967,0.00026935906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99825764,0.00042198025,0.0008528356,0.00030424996,0.000060871662,0.00010244664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020640972,0.00016969013,0.00036109536,0.00015709117,0.00016573322,0.000037734313,0.0011116324,0.00006145285,0.000290286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011482404,0.00010191971,0.00016192214,0.0012149635,0.0009347688,0.0005088875,0.00008658894,0.0002818982,0.000019896705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040881496,0.000026345677,0.0012565686,0.00004978246,0.0000062344816,0.000004403136,0.0002597175,0.06944709,0.92625993,0.000018586517,0.000043887143,0.0022186588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082470896,0.002086632,0.0020287964,0.000059855745,0.00002742775,0.000022935603,0.000070157774,0.05457521,0.9400606,0.000016623459,0.00013544795,0.00009160869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017776129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034485886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014871883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007204425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117193624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41561648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092730123","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123933","title":"Prediction of surface charge properties on the basis of contact angle titration models","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Streaming current; Isoelectric point; Zeta potential; Contact angle; Surface charge; Titration; Context (archaeology); Materials science; Surface (topology); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Electrokinetic phenomena; Physical chemistry; Physics; Geometry; Composite material","score_opus":0.04473125936791024,"score_gpt":0.19900863629606533,"score_spread":0.15427737692815507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092730123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977014,0.000006527642,0.00009454078,0.00026104262,0.000010824854,0.00008640773,0.00007216357,0.000020003905,0.0017470879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998416,0.00001797075,0.00003543186,0.000033401007,0.000017324372,0.0000042529423,0.000010096473,0.0000030265592,0.000036925783],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966496,0.000012845,0.000109204324,0.000084844294,0.00008668173,0.00004148122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998064,0.000010212945,0.000078635865,0.00008889543,0.0000054518578,0.0000104274895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053468455,0.00005085332,0.000084205356,4.3970186e-7,0.000026581207,0.000008092417,0.000063396896,0.000031447194,0.00035799725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013795143,0.00003451761,0.000010676135,0.000036757334,0.00006693743,0.00008156069,0.00003096164,0.00002265894,0.0000060825464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002789974,0.000016230371,0.000078093784,0.00007126098,0.0000038098492,3.2911466e-8,0.00027123818,0.0007185529,0.9983193,0.00024348148,0.00016906945,0.000080993996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000600404,0.0000311671,0.0001376084,0.000011911339,0.000004570336,1.13380864e-7,0.000054209628,0.0027562995,0.99651736,0.0003715632,0.000025720761,0.00002941503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015706657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.894118e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021401693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000055510604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028437762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3919819},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093308315","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.abc8605","title":"Autonomous atmospheric water seeping MOF matrix","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":232,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","keywords":"Sorption; Matrix (chemical analysis); Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Composite material; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.011173259787144861,"score_gpt":0.2604974451366472,"score_spread":0.24932418534950232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093308315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9748342,0.00020514242,0.0034974823,0.0044066827,0.00019901435,0.00020106207,0.000001121064,0.000497394,0.016157921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798399,0.000018853856,0.018882733,0.0006786375,0.000022481385,0.000011504716,5.932318e-7,0.0000062085014,0.00053906935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853516,0.000011153792,0.00016288055,0.00046846786,0.00042359254,0.00039876337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959403,0.0000138415,0.000048736074,0.00022282635,0.000008172182,0.00011240668],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002132224,0.00010701666,0.00010732384,0.000008610741,0.00030104158,0.00007070288,0.00075751444,0.000026790492,0.0016525073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010657046,0.00007592207,0.000025723255,0.00072618644,0.0010529568,0.0015136045,0.00037760058,0.00008742808,0.002939639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007023962,0.000013744045,0.005518253,0.000009816247,0.0000012538162,0.00000736159,0.0010400185,0.043207027,0.8983115,0.00021421858,0.00027574573,0.05139406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012773277,0.00010541315,0.0017441732,0.0000041270523,0.000003124163,0.000005647681,0.0005431641,0.012513431,0.89892924,0.0014910912,0.08426992,0.00026294176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015721726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064870183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08399417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008551277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017524839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093342902","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.110079","title":"Investigation on the stability and antifouling properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-zwitterion mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) using molecular dynamics simulation (MDS)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Materials Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Zwitterion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Molecular dynamics; Hydrogen bond; Nanoparticle; Interaction energy; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.06845268791627879,"score_gpt":0.264241162510344,"score_spread":0.19578847459406523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093342902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889976,0.000015630563,0.008961638,0.0014816526,0.000098778684,0.00035301532,0.000013109551,0.00006220563,0.000016381447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99508643,0.0000020181892,0.004672808,0.0002027118,0.000013793097,0.0000058864493,0.0000069249572,0.000008197438,0.0000012521799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836105,0.00011879175,0.00037150996,0.00038142133,0.000607361,0.00015984818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935395,0.00011963895,0.0002364748,0.00017012302,0.00006195057,0.00005788579],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007056948,0.00013299342,0.0001602527,0.000054977358,0.00028647535,0.00013710046,0.000310863,0.000042483345,0.00009036446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063953677,0.00010010476,0.000018434415,0.0004883074,0.0011555757,0.00047019473,0.0002526686,0.000054250795,0.000015628497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018669874,0.000004389229,0.00048056804,0.00003101417,0.000001284089,3.2561616e-7,0.00027883952,0.34782487,0.65058905,0.0006910422,4.877669e-7,0.00007947917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000055777018,0.000026185853,0.002272517,0.000019763942,0.000003847989,0.0000012743245,0.00009626248,0.42660114,0.56968695,0.0011687869,7.867021e-7,0.000066711546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000683023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027133265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.080902085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001340937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007144843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4257767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093586554","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118859","title":"Formation of electrically conductive hollow fiber membranes via crossflow deposition of carbon nanotubes – Addressing the conductivity/permeability trade-off","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Conductivity; Polyvinyl alcohol; Composite material; Permeability (electromagnetism); Electrical conductor; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03677060579652931,"score_gpt":0.27490332906933146,"score_spread":0.23813272327280216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093586554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949047,0.00017329723,0.0005883608,0.0029093004,0.00012604939,0.00030159028,0.000004518869,0.000023148143,0.00096901663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979891,0.0000554334,0.0017902438,0.000112943,0.000030939682,0.0000034553614,5.9621453e-7,0.0000083676705,0.000008914674],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969383,0.00019691605,0.0008939359,0.0002923533,0.001382727,0.00029579515],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980478,0.00025469024,0.0011163515,0.0003042312,0.00015550955,0.00012141407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016839177,0.00018117996,0.00043437508,0.00013152708,0.0002472818,0.00005647068,0.00092795683,0.00009834922,0.00013604143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011663182,0.00012263696,0.00015375252,0.0015382558,0.002391582,0.0018366134,0.00013927481,0.00035697722,0.0000046831033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014245577,0.00007846937,0.0003905254,0.00006899705,0.000009477468,0.0000031708144,0.0015456742,0.006262116,0.9851794,0.000016883527,0.000027843822,0.0062749805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048040063,0.00040069927,0.0038379875,0.00004280201,0.00004021813,0.00011897251,0.00048286113,0.01286487,0.9813037,0.00022929332,0.00007079961,0.00012740454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047559897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014034517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0066027534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015415669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014645011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88118833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094389399","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2020.104611","title":"Synchrotron based Micro Tomography (SR-μCT), Experimental, and Computational Studies to Investigate the Influences of Cross Flow Air Injection in Ultrafiltration Process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan; Global Institute for Water Security","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Polysulfone; Scanning electron microscope; Microscope; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Optics","score_opus":0.012636359047045794,"score_gpt":0.2530948830086628,"score_spread":0.240458523961617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094389399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986494,0.00029280063,0.00050280924,0.00035644625,0.000027330487,0.00014774386,0.000003635487,0.000013800107,0.0000060118286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949885,0.000010066649,0.004736436,0.00022285375,0.000021737967,0.000010032348,0.0000016284173,0.000008173581,5.606956e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990331,0.00001556572,0.000394338,0.00014875231,0.00029269734,0.00011553122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996431,0.00007130429,0.00014914942,0.000055388406,0.0000055947885,0.00007546312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012775551,0.00012520069,0.0001763186,0.000056356625,0.00003418346,0.000014254377,0.00015899529,0.000047818754,0.00002679478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110812856,0.000099675504,0.000043056207,0.00022429954,0.0002701731,0.00029115786,0.00006130762,0.00017026156,0.000002016326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021027485,0.000018515695,0.010673177,0.000016694865,0.000007870328,0.0000010543553,0.0005197534,0.47997692,0.5086745,0.0000010474508,0.000007941072,0.000081515704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003671556,0.00018439039,0.03683018,0.00004674171,0.000007999665,0.000013576152,0.000375506,0.043546665,0.91845876,0.000041493982,0.00001541778,0.00011213156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017172505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5826606e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43643025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010443834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059361464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4064649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095394418","doi":"10.1002/wer.1475","title":"Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment: Challenges and opportunities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and Trade","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Methane; Biogas; Fouling; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering","score_opus":0.2936900787409884,"score_gpt":0.36439442602173894,"score_spread":0.07070434728075053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095394418","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00044879297,0.99324954,0.0000023919104,0.0016326316,0.000049566657,0.0027319365,0.00007304459,0.00012028591,0.0016917976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00019196564,0.9917865,0.0002863134,0.000012128976,0.000075983815,0.0015865819,0.00028881538,0.00010398852,0.0056677395],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962413,0.0003930294,0.0005406929,0.0011890769,0.0006792715,0.00095665007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985863,0.00023223566,0.00009747536,0.0008082831,0.0000041748203,0.0002715621],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007518325,0.0006336587,0.0012259916,0.00026644688,0.0002663425,0.00009520508,0.0006227453,0.0004363521,0.0018386586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002132191,0.0003774037,0.00025359282,0.00006938518,0.0009881759,0.00021144112,0.0010027488,0.00038990923,0.0018542168],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012832418,0.00008647569,8.7436473e-7,0.0020239055,0.00011303074,0.000040211416,0.00065284944,0.0000021588562,0.0005200213,0.00012755391,0.00033541844,0.9960847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024503647,0.000581993,0.0000022500792,0.0002546029,0.00013335311,0.0000179291,0.00020112362,0.000009571187,0.0033997097,0.00017666855,0.9945595,0.00041824247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037923368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009606262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99566644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067417533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002333003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095958510","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118004","title":"Dissolved methane recovery from anaerobically treated wastewaters using solvent-based membrane contactor: An experimental and modelling study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Contactor; Methane; Solvent; Chemistry; Chromatography; Waste management; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.04349783723206156,"score_gpt":0.2873798318550502,"score_spread":0.24388199462298865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095958510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760996,0.00011472563,0.021476159,0.0010032416,0.000034915174,0.0007287241,0.000016866092,0.00046291246,0.00006287363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99201167,0.000022532235,0.0075455825,0.00018669656,0.000013934185,0.00006465432,0.0001118477,0.00002074151,0.000022359603],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983493,0.00012244967,0.00040855526,0.0007086467,0.00019797077,0.00021307205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926925,0.00003669427,0.0001928868,0.0003506465,0.0000196703,0.00013084355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014311324,0.00023530089,0.00028721784,0.00013568123,0.00019045672,0.000078922276,0.00020916488,0.00024587708,0.00026633294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034863373,0.00023049807,0.000027551427,0.00039167717,0.00025015374,0.00045826565,0.00008098521,0.00017273109,0.000029074605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016424287,0.0001859123,0.0063240174,0.0000034517614,0.000021194317,0.0000028269137,0.00073705957,0.007989694,0.983587,0.00015613427,0.000013814081,0.00081463146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011939848,0.0008251051,0.0011093213,0.0000052970327,0.00004514898,0.0000024187957,0.0032587666,0.2729571,0.7199044,0.00025867592,0.00013957986,0.00030019353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023614627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005063999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2649674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007505157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014132061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93994385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096700006","doi":"10.1039/d0ra07629e","title":"Large-pore-size membranes tuned by chemically vapor deposited nanocoatings for rapid and controlled desalination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stillwater (Canada)","funders":"Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology; Oklahoma State University","keywords":"Membrane; Desalination; Wetting; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Vapor pressure; Water vapor; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00839760639269087,"score_gpt":0.23927502160586994,"score_spread":0.23087741521317906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3096700006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9713044,0.0027445017,0.015231031,0.0060633826,0.00007901773,0.0018783491,0.000052798066,0.0005524076,0.0020941042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98659235,0.0003481516,0.011534892,0.0009946153,0.000025158231,0.00020201932,0.000041095147,0.000016577345,0.00024511758],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988603,0.000027318209,0.00029803257,0.00037327994,0.00020859748,0.00023249345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992589,0.00033504493,0.00019467813,0.00011224444,0.000018610132,0.00008055317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016419026,0.00015973115,0.0002849463,0.00001411314,0.00014752497,0.000038196627,0.00018304451,0.000086993656,0.00023049231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010960243,0.00013554645,0.000050977436,0.00017541599,0.00013416856,0.0003848207,0.00007549677,0.00006978667,0.000017212478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003834699,0.000039355953,0.0008807114,0.00006340158,0.000014713061,0.0000013321651,0.0003133748,0.0000552709,0.990407,0.0001493544,0.0015926268,0.0060994066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004936333,0.00021076527,0.00020414883,0.000009935524,0.000030102183,0.0000032831233,0.0002722578,0.005322009,0.9400726,0.000915485,0.047762748,0.00026033714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004655361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009288736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050334387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000265883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053924146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5527424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096733387","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.482","title":"Evaluation of fouling and RO performance for MBR treated fruit wastewater","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0391093482675965,"score_gpt":0.27020962685409855,"score_spread":0.23110027858650206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3096733387","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99524796,0.000024366562,0.0004020685,0.0027903337,0.000033365784,0.0004683862,0.0000017122002,0.00019440733,0.0008373943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974693,0.0000099325525,0.00232009,0.00006354252,0.0000059655627,0.000076802266,0.0000017174987,0.000006630033,0.000046009824],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849796,0.000015758018,0.0002220335,0.0004468932,0.00048533475,0.00033199773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995379,0.00000957966,0.000066823755,0.00027011908,0.000070566704,0.000045046643],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010232993,0.00011037194,0.00015149557,0.00020298743,0.00018399426,0.000022661843,0.00052555377,0.00011241006,0.0001567248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021816474,0.00007721034,0.000018146193,0.0007631722,0.0013998806,0.0004000942,0.00039324394,0.000082768056,0.00006764036],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009986031,0.000010526292,0.008972238,0.000010144742,0.0000025406323,2.3079326e-7,0.0005413424,0.0011650345,0.9611527,0.00009145887,0.000029044048,0.02801478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003238584,0.00023773339,0.0008417777,0.0000048087086,0.000020329564,0.0000042711813,0.00016901807,0.081799425,0.9146319,0.0013136693,0.00055442343,0.00009876684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009322432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000058437236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08063439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079213314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020384678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51579183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3097043695","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117352","title":"Ultra-low pressure cellulose-based nanofiltration membrane fabricated on layer-by-layer assembly for efficient sodium chloride removal","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbohydrate Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Scanning electron microscope; Cellulose; Materials science; Layer by layer; Layer (electronics); Regenerated cellulose; Composite number; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.019650962139926464,"score_gpt":0.2357727835485169,"score_spread":0.21612182140859046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3097043695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97614473,0.00016120655,0.004509653,0.0065828487,0.00046234747,0.0015063152,0.00016411897,0.00075257296,0.009716188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960917,0.0000086691525,0.00026740233,0.0020127608,0.00007337394,0.0001606692,0.00019307128,0.00006414044,0.0011281635],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973391,0.00009209531,0.0004624167,0.00088511006,0.00060932763,0.0006119126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998794,0.0001636031,0.0002559287,0.0004982004,0.000025213109,0.0002630483],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020795534,0.00040942963,0.0003538013,0.00008516439,0.000211542,0.00009368478,0.0005726581,0.00026120167,0.00062921346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017824084,0.00039166273,0.00017023907,0.0007098936,0.00024097247,0.00015592019,0.00005131435,0.00022979421,0.00038527258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031459218,0.000105447616,0.000048177593,0.00004679428,0.00003073448,0.0000084476615,0.00018711753,0.031139161,0.963139,0.0001102919,0.0043953415,0.00047492082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00092259044,0.0002630795,0.00003628861,0.0000134051215,0.00006158625,0.0000012766037,0.000086615444,0.095094875,0.89481217,0.000007379461,0.008294215,0.00040650708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015338128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008324082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06832679,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013463247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052167918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098224560","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111635","title":"Determining binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to micelles formed by SDS and SOL using semi-equilibrium dialysis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Queen's University","keywords":"Chemistry; Micelle; Phenanthrene; Pyrene; Fluorene; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Binding constant; Cationic polymerization; Critical micelle concentration; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Naphthalene; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Binding site; Aqueous solution; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012808793515913427,"score_gpt":0.222804229860826,"score_spread":0.20999543634491255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098224560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982982,0.00010693811,0.00039606908,0.0005310047,0.000028789742,0.000288138,0.000021133446,0.00004075603,0.0002889464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99802047,0.00010364136,0.0013481127,0.00041666479,0.000010174794,0.000015394193,0.00001614083,0.000016031248,0.000053365005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877805,0.00005712289,0.00034765466,0.00039782605,0.00013113409,0.0002882345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994382,0.000104317434,0.00013864417,0.00014740723,9.915304e-8,0.00017127713],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011585423,0.00018820123,0.00030120855,0.00004665163,0.00015212873,0.000011184484,0.00015609703,0.00015092926,0.0002157209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042636515,0.00018984423,0.000049353803,0.00010791637,0.00043179188,0.00017538664,0.00042718364,0.00011734017,0.000042258347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026215906,0.000033023585,0.06605074,0.0000073239225,0.000025811278,0.0000027481842,0.0010139982,0.00016085632,0.9301533,6.4428644e-7,0.000059770326,0.002465532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018458181,0.0010009422,0.09000958,0.000042161246,0.00023875185,0.00007647504,0.0031513954,0.04632306,0.8531302,0.00029314897,0.002878573,0.0010098696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001711528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001941083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07702311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009049065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003763764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7741623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098557350","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c15194","title":"Nanodiamond-Enabled Thin-Film Nanocomposite Polyamide Membranes for High-Temperature Water Treatment","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Nanodiamond; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Wetting; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Monomer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011981442857485416,"score_gpt":0.22078220787938535,"score_spread":0.20880076502189993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098557350","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99328023,0.00007112064,0.000010811759,0.003486591,0.0003152939,0.0013838058,0.0001285499,0.0005093711,0.0008142273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958125,0.00009930118,0.0010124779,0.0011430512,0.00011416007,0.0005688298,0.00015016246,0.000054984208,0.0010445651],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799883,0.00004543694,0.00048702795,0.0007127525,0.000238824,0.00051712425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992941,0.00005370053,0.00014370169,0.00040544738,0.00001293087,0.00009010705],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015764752,0.00043389815,0.00053131784,0.000040229377,0.0002378129,0.0002742012,0.00057532283,0.00023745038,0.0030266985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016696253,0.00028702064,0.00003224452,0.00010563846,0.0001770002,0.00032292452,0.00034225234,0.00007965297,0.0016295369],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039952446,0.000053816668,0.0000084025705,0.000081640974,0.000055864406,0.0000034722918,0.0009835309,0.001076091,0.9942558,0.0004230086,0.002480585,0.00017829068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009320577,0.00030492002,0.00001727835,0.0000103095235,0.000047502854,0.0000032007654,0.00023797859,0.0000043127916,0.99233365,0.0007751084,0.0049653933,0.00036828886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017926766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024079074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025322395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011415674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000976656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3099074595","doi":"10.18280/acsm.440502","title":"Preparation and Characterization of Matrix Hybrid Membranes Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Silica Gel/Zinc Oxide for Cr(VI) Removal from Water","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Materials science; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Phase inversion; Zinc; Fluoride; Chemical engineering; Nuclear chemistry; Hexavalent chromium; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Chromium; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.024522279099614196,"score_gpt":0.2722774263557251,"score_spread":0.24775514725611092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3099074595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99141693,0.000083761624,0.0057969643,0.0015536462,0.00007671139,0.00055408175,0.00009424014,0.00018049592,0.0002431513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865359,0.00019541793,0.012478865,0.00041565928,0.000071477385,0.00004495231,0.000086678054,0.000023487702,0.00014755032],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770296,0.000050204235,0.00050166814,0.00072673295,0.0004928231,0.0005256127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990244,0.0000816107,0.00022838518,0.00039244036,0.00006069154,0.00021248276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054266845,0.0002488532,0.00031955802,0.00011948054,0.00037108973,0.00015171558,0.0006613503,0.00009006449,0.0003117343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003752961,0.00020837806,0.00008055697,0.000366809,0.0013329871,0.0012610846,0.0003591094,0.000106395775,0.00012768373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015690917,0.000028288816,0.0017744823,0.00006315405,0.000008934368,0.00000408564,0.0013198012,0.00048100625,0.9943039,0.00014308438,0.00012589339,0.0015904914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033500016,0.00015219145,0.019048808,0.000022903383,0.000026743004,0.000031418458,0.00015156654,0.027239788,0.9490295,0.0020245756,0.0016856998,0.00025180052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015829022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028148066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045274366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010288445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006538932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84974104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3106865421","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04464","title":"Modeling of Air-Gap Membrane Distillation and Comparative Study with Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Mass transfer; Membrane; Heat transfer; Permeation; Heat flux; Flux (metallurgy); Distillation; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Heat exchanger; Mechanics; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.14906400622004284,"score_gpt":0.328274948902917,"score_spread":0.17921094268287413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3106865421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956916,0.000022383236,0.00015950926,0.00021305605,0.000019111065,0.00063260045,0.000016794855,0.00013532626,0.0031096456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997074,0.0000076024016,0.000061393795,0.000002182435,0.00008733068,0.0000338143,0.00001999853,0.000017140555,0.00006311017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980751,0.000064928514,0.00034231186,0.0004522997,0.0007671283,0.00029819613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992427,0.00022497837,0.000072251496,0.00025505727,0.000053801945,0.00015116802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005096797,0.00019771272,0.00034998407,0.00004377135,0.00010456248,0.000040551822,0.00023804947,0.00015547844,0.00017352845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005316914,0.00017746196,0.00002658827,0.00065703935,0.00013886277,0.00019106567,0.00019159591,0.00055289664,0.000009395457],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022460215,0.00004361047,0.003207571,0.000047186353,0.000033058383,0.0000051600946,0.00055408076,0.4787885,0.5168893,0.000010919609,0.000028100905,0.00016793312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012027498,0.0003152068,0.0006341146,0.00004807804,0.000019256959,0.0000031065315,0.00093649357,0.4566681,0.53977543,0.0000032108587,0.00017967237,0.00021454676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002115833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010394064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022886168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001255294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031468197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7236689},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107867342","doi":"10.1039/d0ta09109j","title":"Electric field modulated ion-sieving effects of graphene oxide membranes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; Singapore University of Technology and Design","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Desalination; Oxide; Materials science; Water desalination; Laminar flow; Nanotechnology; Ion; Electric field; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0071564295318291655,"score_gpt":0.2104380643119128,"score_spread":0.20328163478008365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3107867342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99876916,0.00011747809,0.00011856277,0.0005234821,0.00007489914,0.000064915446,9.23628e-7,0.000029403805,0.000301165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991922,0.00013556112,0.00045727124,0.0001226337,0.00006176308,0.0000016598933,6.563753e-7,0.000008323722,0.000019928813],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989781,0.00003224809,0.00047900822,0.000118932694,0.00025623487,0.00013548657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991693,0.000100342055,0.0005138434,0.00012734484,0.000019725434,0.00006944651],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017550086,0.00011196723,0.00030087508,0.000019335937,0.000026366975,0.000019814195,0.00031496285,0.000107007196,0.0010825566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064438634,0.00009422791,0.000069865586,0.00022321369,0.0000311566,0.00013728048,0.00008004065,0.00010776066,0.0000146611865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007868514,0.000024595407,0.0001703108,0.00032019502,0.000021228923,0.000024581477,0.000047209156,0.0004074592,0.99827707,0.0000015131338,0.00046546385,0.00016166235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030774175,0.00009161843,0.00064580684,0.00005512223,0.00002376169,0.000042523476,0.000016973105,0.000040053612,0.99840164,0.00014373634,0.00014393457,0.00008710535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010046717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.996105e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010678954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025099414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011565751,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108093656","doi":"10.1039/d0ta08928a","title":"Conductive carbonaceous membranes: recent progress and future opportunities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Electrical conductor; Fouling; Degradation (telecommunications); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.035333832129784304,"score_gpt":0.2466388168812866,"score_spread":0.2113049847515023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108093656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863328,0.00045420957,0.0000013627739,0.011214625,0.00012197959,0.00006716163,0.000011064722,0.000028765184,0.0017680832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99619716,0.0022721938,0.00071730016,0.00028840717,0.0003700285,0.000004543489,0.000003410214,0.00001178238,0.00013515873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992108,0.00002856381,0.00030964357,0.00012071764,0.0002182969,0.00011201061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942994,0.000012951196,0.00033657806,0.000086468695,0.00002592306,0.00010813392],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001582398,0.000110940346,0.00022500035,0.000007404533,0.000036905287,0.00004852017,0.00018126918,0.00008844756,0.0033688475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061516126,0.00008781347,0.000022423419,0.000054422926,0.00022240727,0.00016946715,0.00009863755,0.00010168341,0.00000969787],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010452132,0.000017573351,0.000056961802,0.000101786245,0.000018856808,0.00008625779,0.00045532925,0.000012080162,0.9953291,0.000006447467,0.0019027503,0.0019083282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025289616,0.00005664678,0.00007473694,0.000011834769,0.000016247008,0.0002470216,0.0016632613,0.0000039397364,0.92798156,0.00008505222,0.06951391,0.00009292034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012002937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.08701805e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06761116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036332298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002183413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108336800","doi":"","title":"Membrane applications in the pulp and paper industry: Experience on lab, pilot and industrial scale","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pulp (tooth); Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Process engineering; Membrane technology; Waste management; Engineering; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Wastewater; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02426030419414547,"score_gpt":0.2146606381570906,"score_spread":0.19040033396294515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108336800","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012145927,0.000017395761,0.00009388655,0.0017383413,0.000029455286,0.0008665996,0.00010747002,0.00023136896,0.9847696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004952695,0.00015946978,0.00023943269,0.00012071856,0.00003995187,0.0000051430634,0.00010680583,0.000042545238,0.99433327],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852353,0.00014442373,0.00012651658,0.00065210357,0.00027675406,0.00027667056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888706,0.00012221026,0.00018187014,0.0006873934,0.000014241628,0.00010721411],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012347549,0.00026426464,0.0002158898,0.0007686775,0.00049773575,0.00009445501,0.0009046462,0.0005758572,0.0009049678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025553305,0.000264216,0.000034421697,0.0019497251,0.00089409895,0.00046418427,0.00039577912,0.00067328254,0.000040866864],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000636273,0.0007119789,0.02030219,0.000027614817,0.00005177335,0.000022661838,0.0009471801,0.00007758067,0.00025365132,0.66390014,0.31147376,0.0021678356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006224883,0.00005244589,0.0039445786,0.000016390553,0.00004069608,0.0000036573056,0.0031005559,0.000013852785,0.000021202506,0.000057507976,0.9918568,0.00026983366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035042644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009872348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.680383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026151794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000468026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999981},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108398478","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2020.116665","title":"Synergistic fouling behaviors and mechanisms of calcium ions and polyaluminum chloride associated with alginate solution in coagulation-ultrafiltration (UF) process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coagulation; Chemistry; Flocculation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Membrane; DLVO theory; Fouling; Turbidity; Membrane fouling; Calcium; Chromatography; Colloid; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06776926788134993,"score_gpt":0.32853957881210144,"score_spread":0.26077031093075154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108398478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935401,0.0000056018707,0.0051789363,0.0007390617,0.0000066637617,0.0003299118,0.0000046907567,0.000039143346,0.0001558896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996457,0.0000034973468,0.00019939929,0.000010045668,0.0000036235886,0.000041973337,0.000021027108,0.000009062897,0.00006566672],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881446,0.00007894255,0.00017248484,0.00025849848,0.00040687746,0.00026875667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997433,0.000031879736,0.00003593663,0.00008661024,0.000036307145,0.000065958004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005197455,0.00007926331,0.00011442674,0.000089188274,0.00015435882,0.000032846347,0.000100408666,0.000074094234,0.00006712616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001751945,0.000060458104,0.000007398778,0.00036476008,0.00043702134,0.00023724498,0.00009340431,0.00018183897,0.000008338592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053681957,0.00003653366,0.021794382,0.0000350793,0.000004226717,0.0000059710756,0.0022941383,0.0011343993,0.9740323,0.00026965386,0.00000581804,0.00033382225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003600422,0.0002511481,0.041156687,0.000035008186,0.00000732105,0.0000016494805,0.00065383204,0.018826513,0.93588173,0.002724749,0.000002843996,0.00009850268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048907276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030157442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038150586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074936324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012373501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24654098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108714233","doi":"10.2166/wst.2020.571","title":"In-line coagulation assessment for ultrafiltration fouling reduction to treat secondary effluent for water reuse","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Chemistry; Membrane; Coagulation; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Ferric; Microfiltration; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.024008266809958333,"score_gpt":0.2984988220922346,"score_spread":0.2744905552822763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108714233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88619936,0.000003002922,0.06704527,0.044571023,0.00020052263,0.0014802665,0.000005683647,0.00030337757,0.00019151668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96025443,0.000002840737,0.038550694,0.00045364155,0.00003910548,0.0005296479,0.00002562567,0.000013593159,0.00013043577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804425,0.000014262584,0.00038273763,0.0007546693,0.00025502144,0.0005490575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993418,0.000016523552,0.000055128028,0.00046525124,0.000043523196,0.00007781392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000585102,0.00016645629,0.00019566146,0.00040905643,0.0002946561,0.00006454544,0.00075725187,0.00016594229,0.00013477684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018459019,0.00011900647,0.000038693644,0.00078993145,0.00043931865,0.00076163065,0.0003206419,0.00014456741,0.00010704983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040941373,0.000029952353,0.00030283045,0.000014127536,0.0000010910076,7.142089e-7,0.00093887106,0.015081228,0.9780993,0.00037257632,0.0002912783,0.0048270803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052502466,0.0005893017,0.00018111044,0.000005178964,0.0000069945245,0.00000772444,0.00028859932,0.010730605,0.97538555,0.007134698,0.0049667205,0.00017850014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018611583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001756874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07405508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035929147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028069995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48529428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W31102117","doi":"10.1007/s10900-019-00677-y","title":"Membrane fouling and its control in drinking water membrane filtration process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Journal of Community Health","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Cancer Institute; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Environmental science; Process (computing); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02198701260259096,"score_gpt":0.31620132069257534,"score_spread":0.2942143080899844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W31102117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954175,0.00022841367,0.0001462166,0.0014460551,0.00019748318,0.0003756008,0.0000017632698,0.000029720542,0.002157248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838424,0.00059330714,0.0001260084,0.0005611146,0.000043497996,0.000008711442,0.000056415152,0.000024728466,0.0002019775],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99725217,0.0007505075,0.0010363881,0.00012183738,0.0005188423,0.0003202573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99829113,0.0002401225,0.0010094894,0.00027371346,0.00006805252,0.00011748434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0032553265,0.00023582492,0.00066334615,0.00027501772,0.00037156115,0.000059758055,0.00053673744,0.0002668745,0.0001995715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002864354,0.00018678888,0.00006397981,0.00017346491,0.00005008216,0.00044865228,0.000043425734,0.0019104021,0.00001843875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0046136333,0.0027348453,0.022313725,0.017268995,0.00046028217,0.00008674943,0.2108075,0.08605592,0.5286112,0.0011489161,0.0021054079,0.12379284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019198634,0.0061142165,0.12665653,0.007888424,0.00036183713,0.00072036067,0.048103426,0.028317356,0.738398,0.012813996,0.008092618,0.0033345718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005215131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009261403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20978685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002480791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000975477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82998526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111166852","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23981","title":"Influence of zeta potential of <scp> ZrO <sub>2</sub> </scp> and <scp> Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> </scp> nanoparticles on removal of metal ions by hybrid electrospun polyamide 6 membrane: Kinetics of adsorption and fouling mechanisms","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zeta potential; Adsorption; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Nanoparticle; Oxide; Metal; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.005301611511168005,"score_gpt":0.17362418620360331,"score_spread":0.1683225746924353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3111166852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99744034,0.00041975713,0.001531646,0.0002462417,0.000052843,0.00021065165,0.00005559777,0.000027245214,0.000015670845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987802,0.0001656928,0.00088028325,0.0000904329,0.000031834465,0.0000035722207,0.00000599229,0.000041121675,9.072096e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975082,0.00005797222,0.0009632663,0.0003077062,0.00063680107,0.0005260237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99820554,0.00030185626,0.0006572813,0.00027011405,0.00009069799,0.0004744796],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042338893,0.0003256594,0.00062448956,0.00018984839,0.00006458623,0.00003038483,0.0004915721,0.00017139547,0.0000028170446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012377296,0.00030336852,0.0001563514,0.00047750826,0.000525797,0.0002766264,0.00012506125,0.0005393451,0.0000019308745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016841921,0.000028262966,0.00004036874,0.00008368604,0.000076432145,0.00002296229,0.00020163933,0.05957886,0.93903327,0.0001514523,0.00006995346,0.0006962696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053378235,0.00032997841,0.00046434134,0.00012085389,0.00013982238,0.00026931948,0.00007256253,0.010429396,0.98718435,0.0003389042,0.00001997876,0.00009674309],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011529491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058411097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04914946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012730957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094028954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112459895","doi":"10.1002/app.50296","title":"Fabrication and characterization of high flux poly(vinylidene fluoride) electrospun nanofibrous membrane using amphiphilic polyethylene‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Ethylene glycol; Polymer chemistry; Copolymer; Electrospinning; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Polyethylene glycol; Polymer; Amphiphile; Nanofiber; Polysulfone; PEG ratio; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.01114293306932502,"score_gpt":0.22626890406420416,"score_spread":0.21512597099487915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112459895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937606,0.0008333507,0.0029755584,0.0014851156,0.0002120497,0.00025932674,0.000010333806,0.00005702435,0.00040662516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99602836,0.00016386987,0.0029662221,0.00060779304,0.00013885104,0.0000054682173,0.0000038613007,0.00002743981,0.000058141868],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966608,0.0000475927,0.000978784,0.0005509266,0.0012474966,0.00051437016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99783164,0.00006801867,0.0012804951,0.0003948584,0.00009555321,0.00032945804],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060059177,0.00030581438,0.00053519424,0.00031239836,0.0003218147,0.00010356513,0.0009460946,0.00014734443,0.00032561665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006916795,0.00027988045,0.00008229228,0.0020802645,0.001229023,0.0010293478,0.0003505548,0.0002801572,0.000027290005],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015893605,0.000049204304,0.00055762916,0.000019181934,0.0000155808,0.0000032635023,0.00049966027,0.00004773905,0.98671865,0.00049483357,0.000020176622,0.011415163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055674237,0.000276473,0.006194034,0.000021981981,0.000050031296,0.00007950225,0.00010490398,0.0009566768,0.9912559,0.00013158796,0.00010716753,0.00026501308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016165139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000325664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011150151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019272718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020255825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113442200","doi":"10.1016/j.apsadv.2020.100051","title":"Explication of hydrophobic silica as effective pore former for membrane fabrication","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Ministry of Higher Education","keywords":"Hydrophobic silica; Membrane; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Hydrophobe; Filtration (mathematics); Permeance; Materials science; Hydrophobic effect; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Permeation","score_opus":0.01055503869805922,"score_gpt":0.2642024743884081,"score_spread":0.25364743569034887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113442200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97999144,0.000066789995,0.0041074823,0.00080194476,0.000046210236,0.0014532825,0.0000065492586,0.00014645212,0.013379837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98889977,0.000046870187,0.010455621,0.00031233643,0.000011260517,0.00020749946,0.000008792483,0.000010031108,0.00004780203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983401,0.000011453379,0.00026276286,0.00061031815,0.0004898384,0.00028554111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914795,0.00013974203,0.00024635997,0.0003266865,0.00004434541,0.000094932395],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034839765,0.00014485014,0.00019368871,0.000036655143,0.00022674208,0.000022190774,0.0006414861,0.000051107087,0.0001348082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022471863,0.00012876611,0.00004094749,0.0012419418,0.0009790293,0.0007536176,0.00013902989,0.00007287148,0.00021436323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045352703,0.000022611224,0.00056565524,0.00002187388,0.0000018896438,6.817398e-8,0.00044684732,0.01735674,0.96748644,0.0012115816,0.00006515078,0.012775766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023070358,0.00015273584,0.0018857663,0.0000034138102,0.0000069127395,6.337117e-7,0.0004298128,0.0025298975,0.9853427,0.002559797,0.006703384,0.00015427184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016501937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048928355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017856207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008482578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030504056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52509296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113605742","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.150610","title":"Managing and Control of Nanofiltration / Reverse Osmosis Desalination System: Application of Artificial Neural Network","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Artificial neural network; Engineering; Dimensioning; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Forward osmosis; Artificial intelligence; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.009602333817235725,"score_gpt":0.23029969196353076,"score_spread":0.22069735814629504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113605742","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35106477,0.00023676339,0.64607465,0.002109469,0.00020522795,0.0001884546,0.000009397604,0.000015033942,0.00009624192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99142337,0.00010693559,0.008226766,0.0001501992,0.00007834565,0.0000018549653,0.000004871796,0.0000053776544,0.0000022647143],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903816,0.00005361618,0.00043598993,0.00010926065,0.0002964417,0.000066503744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909866,0.00009594294,0.0006196865,0.000052968342,0.00009741443,0.00003530388],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034466852,0.00007576479,0.0001633079,0.00006426054,0.000031340845,0.000020364267,0.00017371708,0.00010771281,0.000007009782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009227632,0.00006937631,0.000037727128,0.00013464544,0.00007485858,0.00028014884,0.000034877947,0.00015919392,9.00122e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001390099,0.0001012214,0.028875588,0.00015568583,0.00027245563,0.000022176615,0.000764576,0.4481582,0.39748716,0.02273321,0.0005416011,0.09949799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005402291,0.00021430328,0.005310329,0.000050974966,0.00006921752,0.000057335164,0.00024125252,0.9786319,0.011389637,0.0033022028,0.00009467759,0.00009789872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010277289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008584328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6403586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005147954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000952636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28290838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115700839","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24004","title":"Forward osmosis for multi‐effect distillation brine treatment: Performance and concentration polarization evaluation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Brine; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Concentration polarization; Membrane distillation; Cellulose triacetate; Desalination; Membrane; Osmotic power; Chemistry; Seawater; Chromatography; Thin-film composite membrane; Osmosis; Distillation; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0185425080875046,"score_gpt":0.22490169201332608,"score_spread":0.20635918392582148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115700839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99277866,0.000056891353,0.0060106576,0.0008252539,0.00003738861,0.000254347,0.0000034517652,0.000010695615,0.00002268221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885225,0.0000037339619,0.001041241,0.00003507904,0.00004161017,0.000007700859,0.000008180889,0.0000063431244,0.0000038612607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995677,0.000010497987,0.0001457041,0.00006708363,0.000108633416,0.00010038801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999703,0.00004155596,0.00007490178,0.000044196604,0.000020702222,0.00011565687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017365911,0.00006746287,0.000085330124,0.000015616002,0.00005832012,0.000028698309,0.000068056936,0.000039249855,0.000030899064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003534701,0.000049786042,0.00002509566,0.00009459876,0.00003720089,0.00015828601,0.000005598394,0.000056380657,0.0000020026398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060186358,0.0000063902353,0.027437149,0.000049395574,0.00004308358,0.0000010090414,0.001053903,0.21333882,0.70115346,0.00012832553,0.00013515571,0.056593142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051965617,0.00012508128,0.004295013,0.00000963256,0.00003994741,0.000007369754,0.000003800332,0.73506594,0.2594378,0.000009508202,0.00042866103,0.000057582827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015099517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006792152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52172714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024796795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003878429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2030216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3116376782","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129477","title":"Recent developments in layer-by-layer assembled systems application in water purification","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Desalination; Surface modification; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Layer by layer; Layer (electronics); Materials science; Membrane; Process engineering; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04307454491975718,"score_gpt":0.2939540124848015,"score_spread":0.2508794675650443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3116376782","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009406088,0.9862422,0.00015652386,0.0002325715,0.00013686133,0.0027301244,0.0000054600155,0.00019337576,0.009362305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0031849465,0.9939145,0.00039446447,0.00003363499,0.000016460455,0.0013983406,0.00029433882,0.00004669561,0.000716614],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997587,0.00010610708,0.0008565877,0.00077668636,0.00032750113,0.00034610296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991236,0.00003052902,0.0002655105,0.0005074761,0.0000093652125,0.00006355623],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033247427,0.0003669893,0.0008358034,0.000030755986,0.000037641166,0.000055421915,0.000634658,0.0005018232,0.00040600923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048552785,0.00028863602,0.000060770195,0.0007164483,0.000034650784,0.00016221487,0.00022424615,0.00040531368,0.003860398],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029491096,0.000064417436,0.00022207825,0.0012891097,0.000009750068,0.000004261719,0.00007463927,0.000040889023,0.0016250635,0.000014412658,0.0033674836,0.99328494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015611568,0.0000065866966,0.00003848961,0.00056597224,0.000017017848,0.0000036383178,0.000038861897,0.0001092038,0.0054804077,0.0000182207,0.9932349,0.00033059358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000103321945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008551199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9929544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012086129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004770107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3117533984","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30191-9","title":"ZeeLung technology shows its ability to quickly, easily and cost-effectively upgrade existing WWTPs","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Upgrade; Engineering; Waste management; Energy consumption; Sewage treatment; Environmental economics; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Operations management; Computer science; Economics; Electrical engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.036653921509429976,"score_gpt":0.28462230838474584,"score_spread":0.24796838687531586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3117533984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94630605,0.00027410992,0.0015234443,0.040823594,0.00010461394,0.0020385298,0.00002164113,0.003511304,0.005396722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916751,0.00004467182,0.006363238,0.0011420386,0.0000316324,0.00045599704,0.000004324164,0.000050993305,0.00023200853],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966943,0.00008907993,0.0005727161,0.0014145626,0.00035903096,0.00087025546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99854106,0.00015195041,0.00019779126,0.00081533275,0.000040900955,0.00025296584],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040061946,0.00047223244,0.00064689224,0.00046734375,0.0003206844,0.000043311185,0.0011459708,0.0007909786,0.00073117606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026714217,0.0004739184,0.000067101995,0.0027841427,0.0011019764,0.00026281245,0.0016475071,0.0008337016,0.0012908232],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007673373,0.00008347015,0.035718273,0.00009645729,0.00002327732,0.00005547616,0.000304647,0.00035238854,0.9032675,0.0078038434,0.00092725316,0.0512907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011600364,0.00093591755,0.008517785,0.000037866543,0.000045795052,0.00016584474,0.00091933704,0.0024248667,0.9396272,0.0038038418,0.041423663,0.0009378567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048058733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010933308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05035284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002363673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026755319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118553746","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c18788","title":"Preparation of Multipurpose Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes via a Spray-Coating Strategy Using Waterborne Polymers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Treatment Technology and Materials; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Coating; Methacrylate; Ethylene glycol; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Nuclear chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Copolymer; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01961141692704297,"score_gpt":0.28011256288019243,"score_spread":0.26050114595314944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3118553746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99728316,0.00012901824,0.00020069334,0.000062188206,0.00022854487,0.00037961945,0.000024536681,0.00016188112,0.0015303717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99642557,0.000034570956,0.0031293898,0.000043373366,0.0000412284,0.00004310275,0.00003185175,0.00003336436,0.0002175728],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99793214,0.00008504552,0.0007449846,0.00054106483,0.0003388848,0.00035787385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894947,0.00006293876,0.00042669728,0.00048691328,0.00002812053,0.000045836285],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003213401,0.000285053,0.00043358604,0.00006609255,0.00012456946,0.00012290415,0.00035433832,0.00017159086,0.00337301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059427693,0.0002667287,0.000023042452,0.00023921675,0.00023585961,0.0003713782,0.00041781718,0.00008748915,0.00017083698],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012261153,0.000057956764,0.000062826104,0.00007506321,0.000032452543,0.000005644846,0.00052804744,0.00347018,0.99365014,0.000089702226,0.000023973766,0.0018813885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032072727,0.00006048163,0.00015480613,0.000034024542,0.000035774647,0.00002046517,0.0006951977,0.000055429024,0.9979435,0.00038857496,0.000024937839,0.0002660537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006968769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012622715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042933743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089375106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029293504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118960809","doi":"10.1007/s12010-020-03455-y","title":"Harvesting of Microalgae Biomass Using Ceramic Microfiltration at High Cross-Flow Velocity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorella vulgaris; Microfiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Permeation; Chlorella; Ceramic; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Materials science; Food science; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Botany; Biology; Algae; Composite material; Biochemistry; Metallurgy; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011205693744815356,"score_gpt":0.23244564431894674,"score_spread":0.22123995057413137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3118960809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980446,0.00013065353,0.0005863152,0.0003493434,0.00003498529,0.00009346297,0.00002420014,0.0001529603,0.00058344007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809297,0.000046172827,0.018656692,0.00004746368,0.0000120268905,0.0000059840418,0.000055190452,0.000009564467,0.00023725387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998858,0.000010193237,0.00028506463,0.00049892446,0.00010901805,0.00023879929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993736,0.0000280331,0.00017931566,0.00037206383,0.000014581219,0.00003241311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010557303,0.00016507145,0.0001983502,0.000031978605,0.00017613317,0.000023845692,0.00020343349,0.00060545566,0.00022446265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066171844,0.0001705264,0.000031378895,0.00037238994,0.0010174157,0.00004770234,0.0005214156,0.00016923776,0.000020819663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015552276,0.000030663774,0.0029960177,0.000049507755,0.000011450607,0.0000056232802,0.000011524524,0.000047540663,0.99166477,0.00017950809,0.000052430634,0.004935429],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028083826,0.00001327134,0.0023417575,0.000008214958,0.000011785847,0.0000947153,0.00004894249,0.00046767548,0.99576074,0.000534752,0.00025773828,0.00017955274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008184045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015883516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018070376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011458757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021561134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6953865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3119946833","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111919","title":"Reduction of excess sludge production by membrane bioreactor coupled with anoxic side-stream reactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan; University of Wollongong","keywords":"Anoxic waters; Wastewater; Extracellular polymeric substance; Bioreactor; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Volatile suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.007462212289114006,"score_gpt":0.2058516348001758,"score_spread":0.19838942251106179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3119946833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99636996,0.00018066472,0.00022486913,0.0005558456,0.000269982,0.00027611328,0.000009906843,0.00002419712,0.0020884702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947889,0.0010732018,0.0021643764,0.00002792197,0.000041469233,0.000008798123,0.000019914038,0.000022278306,0.0018531799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803686,0.0000613502,0.00058849325,0.00033307073,0.0007688646,0.0002113557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877053,0.000016267182,0.0007308846,0.00039173066,0.000009564663,0.000081025144],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028793365,0.00020684565,0.0002916127,0.000107220796,0.00006859382,0.000021912898,0.00025129115,0.00007169277,0.0013328933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020655103,0.00017048005,0.00008986222,0.00032789807,0.00029692258,0.0005900693,0.00016522844,0.00017835558,0.000039761293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013186409,0.00068419275,0.0033787922,0.00004304037,0.0001280744,0.00005619526,0.00014099787,0.0014594371,0.9840098,0.000012826992,0.0024414058,0.0075133587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008286276,0.00042227178,0.027119474,0.00006325794,0.00012756792,0.0002350892,0.0027475893,0.0000457781,0.9632035,0.00008547542,0.0048842384,0.00023715675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001733976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000716089,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023740683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036264386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008531028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99958},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120205655","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2020.119039","title":"Chlorine-resistant TFN RO membranes containing modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-functionalized halloysite nanotubes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Dendrimer; Chlorine; Nanocomposite; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Contact angle; Halloysite; Nanofiltration; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Polymer","score_opus":0.02173409765804048,"score_gpt":0.2600109648874991,"score_spread":0.2382768672294586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120205655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97644234,0.0013611747,0.00130812,0.002029156,0.0011768434,0.00016274078,0.000006485679,0.00011052499,0.017402612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910009,0.0003200218,0.005071802,0.00041803965,0.00013496233,0.000006472806,0.0000026107252,0.00002323546,0.003021935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953075,0.00012668881,0.0010396097,0.00062140485,0.002240576,0.0006642097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977559,0.0002776252,0.00071975373,0.000618405,0.0003094589,0.00031888392],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020517122,0.0003258569,0.00058100873,0.00035470253,0.00056902645,0.00025289942,0.0013001345,0.0001272907,0.0030770057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016017675,0.00027248208,0.00024211564,0.0019917844,0.0012734684,0.0016930474,0.00044674898,0.00042589105,0.00015416426],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025520704,0.00012091431,0.0008126826,0.000027801965,0.000033243832,0.00023756172,0.00030013948,0.0051050074,0.9884221,0.0012366098,0.00018406869,0.003264693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016360956,0.0002905879,0.007300326,0.00009389999,0.000065115724,0.0008756327,0.0009810296,0.002304662,0.9754731,0.00072418066,0.0098297,0.00042565478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009841909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008408199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014558577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037250848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004499633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123186400","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2021.01.087","title":"An economic evaluation of renewable energy-powered membrane distillation for desalination of brackish water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Petroleum Technology Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Waste heat; Desalination; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Brackish water; Multiple-effect distillation; Environmental science; Waste management; Geothermal desalination; Environmental engineering; Concentrated solar power; Thermal energy; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0207580088683149,"score_gpt":0.26831535544211926,"score_spread":0.24755734657380435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123186400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8759303,0.00033029943,0.09433137,0.0002063772,0.00048697804,0.0003429006,0.00007593353,0.00016346053,0.028132368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99415165,0.00011498021,0.0027612317,0.000026529902,0.000039295646,0.000068605754,0.0005772443,0.000023188957,0.0022372801],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982965,0.00015294476,0.00050965545,0.00040931973,0.0004033303,0.00022822768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894935,0.00006888504,0.00026249845,0.0005351727,0.00013326321,0.000050840903],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006819547,0.00014956035,0.00026594877,0.00008904574,0.000080533784,0.000023970202,0.00021367629,0.0001593924,0.0019855604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000117736454,0.00014042339,0.00008189423,0.00017448034,0.000100505014,0.0004592479,0.00007767535,0.000021825534,0.000005821043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021834638,0.000046553683,0.00019271235,0.000013815269,0.000011768179,1.485434e-7,0.00003653694,0.56913,0.42677367,0.000389091,0.00034588375,0.0030379915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000515513,0.0000773903,0.00019593768,0.000010282897,0.000042172112,0.0000018658033,0.00006300214,0.20679815,0.7772719,0.009563462,0.005330854,0.00012945222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012948118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014870268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36233187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026332543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008325882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123843274","doi":"10.1002/app.50511","title":"Feasibility of using polycarbonate as a substrate of thin film composite membrane in forward osmosis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polycarbonate; Contact angle; Composite material; Forward osmosis; Porosity; Substrate (aquarium); Permeability (electromagnetism); Composite number; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022626003514350068,"score_gpt":0.27955981547200914,"score_spread":0.2569338119576591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123843274","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898204,0.000222337,0.00005827215,0.00016567546,0.000093061426,0.00010403829,0.0000037319764,0.000008374282,0.009524079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99623245,0.00003108176,0.003605613,0.00007040558,0.0000066876632,9.757406e-7,2.5995138e-7,0.000006050501,0.000046449724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976114,0.000039428283,0.00081869087,0.0002841098,0.0009625889,0.00028376002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986511,0.00007646149,0.0007343389,0.00037677458,0.000060428993,0.0001009187],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011739333,0.00013520084,0.00039578302,0.00021692997,0.00007134986,0.0000282615,0.00074525987,0.000072339804,0.00036751787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005671536,0.000118463846,0.0000952349,0.001780651,0.0011428689,0.00041694142,0.0002724571,0.0002292911,0.000007516804],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009482305,0.00011319799,0.012000132,0.00001537906,0.000006398533,0.000012630073,0.00050773664,0.0035798138,0.98276585,0.0004539053,0.000005060257,0.00044508761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044947813,0.000047930145,0.017636143,0.000035746143,0.000015552416,0.00005323028,0.00049564143,0.0023515215,0.97756904,0.0012361192,0.0000049412574,0.00010465895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023904679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047667436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009477629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016134909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025785906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48308155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123891824","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2021.114957","title":"In-situ synthesis of PA/PVDF composite hollow fiber membranes with an outer selective structure for efficient fractionation of low-molecular-weight dyes-salts","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Hollow fiber membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Zeta potential; Composite number; Scanning electron microscope; Aqueous solution; Fiber; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.005736325236660589,"score_gpt":0.23648086779611563,"score_spread":0.23074454255945503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123891824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913061,0.000016952778,0.0070767016,0.00029475527,0.000050337123,0.00037104005,0.0000300477,0.00003133281,0.00082269975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899342,0.0000037530738,0.009808999,0.000044834636,0.000008073529,0.000043129992,0.00007708858,0.00001393739,0.00006598902],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998871,0.00008581109,0.00026856532,0.00029656244,0.00035429304,0.00012374499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992661,0.00014044125,0.00023314546,0.00020742421,0.00012889286,0.000023986786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015227085,0.000120607416,0.00018823025,0.000119794386,0.000046529436,0.000013959971,0.00011351335,0.000116834715,0.00017776983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013552615,0.00010877672,0.00004121968,0.00046691936,0.0000902308,0.00027786999,0.000029970763,0.000074940624,0.0000055156747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017121622,0.0002309252,0.0017684203,0.0000822587,0.000026758635,0.000005218799,0.00037899907,0.049965236,0.94276756,0.00054348784,0.00003316258,0.0040267776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004572883,0.00008263385,0.027723769,0.000033144614,0.000023911973,0.0000064012893,0.00006936841,0.006994519,0.96383667,0.00056847435,0.0000859569,0.00011783626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026019778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019036584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042970717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012705731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025058169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4435786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127103153","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(21)00010-0","title":"Membrane-based crystalliser achieves zero liquid discharge without using evaporation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporation; Zero (linguistics); Membrane; Materials science; Engineering; Process engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01985321537716355,"score_gpt":0.2648631488494685,"score_spread":0.24500993347230493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127103153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798371,0.000121303165,0.009578644,0.004395166,0.00022570149,0.00047358888,0.00002101371,0.0015825371,0.003764955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984113,0.000041958672,0.013810524,0.0004574644,0.000029250854,0.000078547455,0.0000751863,0.00006441354,0.0013296751],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99712837,0.00012477655,0.0005852312,0.0009546291,0.0005327972,0.0006742011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982406,0.000058943067,0.00027228915,0.0012653229,0.00005955628,0.000103328],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033730187,0.00041773779,0.0005026288,0.00032150006,0.0003462203,0.000070853,0.00070197525,0.0006173012,0.0043624737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039256073,0.0004087402,0.00012424137,0.0016119904,0.00075435056,0.00047726237,0.00048148778,0.00050524937,0.0008136012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008331987,0.00016341843,0.0024491549,0.000047866084,0.000023427814,0.000053249893,0.0000435065,0.0072960723,0.98738354,0.0015825955,0.00023737534,0.0006364861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079097383,0.00015741785,0.000118440395,0.000039065046,0.000046810674,0.00008885435,0.0001453613,0.010634767,0.9753663,0.0009108151,0.011216409,0.00048481813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000466782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018754382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012017259,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023615228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107125794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127904453","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118407","title":"Development of a self-sustained model to predict the performance of direct contact membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Porosity; Materials science; Mass transfer; Membrane; Permeation; Distillation; Thermodynamics; Flux (metallurgy); Efficient energy use; Concentration polarization; Energy balance; Process engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.01271048435628138,"score_gpt":0.2510811672090304,"score_spread":0.238370682852749,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127904453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885949,0.000054058328,0.0063412488,0.0013619739,0.000024490571,0.00038485517,0.000005533707,0.00015848699,0.0030744807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980409,0.00008112648,0.019004233,0.000039331,0.0000032178934,0.00007672852,0.000021217738,0.00000626586,0.00035884944],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896705,0.00003162815,0.00042147026,0.0002533659,0.00020401718,0.00012248884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927354,0.00003414768,0.00021487073,0.00037286364,0.00007777773,0.000026786282],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026090068,0.000102750775,0.00016710174,0.00011239533,0.00013301376,0.00000977219,0.00017752274,0.00012813673,0.00007912252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012068783,0.00008352199,0.000019338431,0.00068571547,0.00012190309,0.000119404955,0.00009933017,0.000077641154,0.000020523112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005968469,0.00013439517,0.00879686,0.000077149736,0.000034966968,3.4657916e-7,0.0027236294,0.010478069,0.9335365,0.017752731,0.00030329314,0.026102358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021195959,0.000070791095,0.009354924,0.000011644692,0.00001472012,0.0000043960817,0.0005449303,0.07354349,0.9099486,0.00024366686,0.005941234,0.00010967055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028100774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030268982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06306542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058479578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006801449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3405928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127925594","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119140","title":"Modulating surface interactions for regenerable separation of oil-in-water emulsions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Electrostatics; Materials science; Surface charge; Fouling; Coating; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02340074709929266,"score_gpt":0.3125951648744032,"score_spread":0.2891944177751105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127925594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934587,0.000037040998,0.001851108,0.0011804797,0.00033044093,0.000058958067,0.0000018607537,0.000009867168,0.003071549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97353464,0.000040108152,0.02488568,0.00004189593,0.000020637004,0.000002125783,0.0000010512053,0.000005290415,0.0014685803],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984586,0.00004415002,0.00056274305,0.00020379976,0.00049235654,0.00023833598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913627,0.00012302856,0.00029638805,0.00023129268,0.00015181032,0.00006122663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012068868,0.000083602936,0.0002006261,0.00013091404,0.0001712487,0.000041131865,0.0003701954,0.000037626465,0.0004595186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006128344,0.0000640261,0.00007642106,0.0007200872,0.000267273,0.0010225062,0.00012437876,0.00015345987,0.000015827896],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012333316,0.000048555532,0.00068741967,0.000010309757,0.0000022266245,0.00000365259,0.0002993733,0.16647965,0.83110106,0.000113771544,0.000111945395,0.0011296817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030549464,0.000053307736,0.0009248482,0.00004420943,0.0000071025884,0.00006832775,0.00037957044,0.023022268,0.9735528,0.00043413692,0.0011324647,0.00007543773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024317063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000102489095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14345738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015070532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008632506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5031406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129612385","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119183","title":"A Janus facilitated transport membrane with asymmetric surface wettability and dense/porous structure: Enabling high stability and separation efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Membrane; Janus; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Wetting; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.011705520475648904,"score_gpt":0.23897848473992295,"score_spread":0.22727296426427404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3129612385","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973079,0.00038005025,0.00084222876,0.0006511624,0.00014529437,0.00027570096,0.000018130166,0.000048286398,0.00033123675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99290514,0.00017742519,0.006782173,0.000059288242,0.000013249076,0.0000013215962,0.0000023142034,0.0000103410275,0.000048730162],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963396,0.00016293702,0.0007672346,0.000756236,0.0014944223,0.00047957292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982173,0.00028115517,0.0004588084,0.00048339556,0.00028202275,0.0002773196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025857124,0.0002795843,0.00049244275,0.00020040505,0.0004335992,0.00014143043,0.0004652296,0.00012014735,0.00038204537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009791651,0.00021155245,0.000046524394,0.0028716861,0.0020862827,0.0014491583,0.00014441696,0.00043925765,0.0000045806296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015696193,0.0001283965,0.044028576,0.0000840767,0.000014777038,0.000092828064,0.001031557,0.0097362455,0.94208735,0.00006715643,0.0000055070386,0.0025665783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010738826,0.00041530127,0.12325501,0.000031621843,0.000052334562,0.0009408732,0.0008530229,0.0013434931,0.87131774,0.00030971697,0.00009815964,0.00030886664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016084513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030727359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.079226434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023643773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031979728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86268586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130413094","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24084","title":"Extraction and concentration of glutathione from yeast by membranes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lallemand (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Lallemand","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Glutathione; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Yeast; Permeation; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006052138991405921,"score_gpt":0.1870692953667342,"score_spread":0.18101715637532828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3130413094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998243,0.0005134925,0.00042490326,0.00059461757,0.000057256995,0.000017844452,0.000006412842,0.000004417375,0.00013808323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999342,0.000014952738,0.00058074546,0.000022906888,0.000019517012,3.2861277e-7,0.000002390982,0.0000035164262,0.00001364105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963534,0.0000072536964,0.00014148558,0.000046426576,0.000095864845,0.0000736392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974227,0.00003817284,0.00006437889,0.000059209033,0.000012730889,0.00008321246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007302544,0.0000413356,0.00007490901,0.000010148324,0.000019919611,0.000015280613,0.00007498148,0.000040303097,0.00023020357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014700342,0.000033911154,0.00001743728,0.000073539704,0.00006726293,0.000097580094,0.000008503884,0.000114316514,0.0000022595445],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017521664,0.000001869123,0.0001641358,0.0000032526107,0.000006299276,0.000005364615,0.000103399274,0.0023185655,0.9964271,0.000046405792,0.00020665146,0.0007151766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000094987816,0.000004961154,0.00048575594,0.000014343272,0.000008781879,0.00004912095,0.000029749835,0.0019811953,0.9958622,0.00011667298,0.0013150705,0.000037156122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087801454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018317065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001108419,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006372512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042242038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25205678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133223004","doi":"10.36756/jcm.si1.2","title":"Effect of temperature and salt on PVDF membrane wetting properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Construction Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane distillation; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Contact angle; Membrane; Materials science; Salt (chemistry); Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Desalination; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006626180624292547,"score_gpt":0.22455698753848743,"score_spread":0.2179308069141949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133223004","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985804,0.000064317566,0.0000050396,0.00027709777,0.0005423925,0.000073811054,0.0000030752565,0.000013724837,0.00044014124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986651,0.00009493929,0.001063896,0.000026100888,0.000054871376,0.0000013564886,5.209524e-7,0.0000054596394,0.00008776219],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990403,0.00018732082,0.00038130168,0.00009407002,0.00021895205,0.00007803257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994196,0.00005156602,0.00036956993,0.00009978119,0.00003244318,0.000027019873],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005193491,0.0000859439,0.00026529783,0.00004886524,0.000051508996,0.00004663671,0.00007013102,0.000075122225,0.0009793311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033333982,0.000058450765,0.000031951873,0.0000926871,0.00019077575,0.00019175668,0.0000444863,0.00008702382,0.000011135017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012458164,0.0000069157736,0.0011004299,0.000066403336,0.000012898477,0.000008442024,0.000046228968,0.00007040232,0.99533015,0.00008332819,0.00010482053,0.0030454192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036038374,0.00026725468,0.0010155803,0.00009752995,0.000018241637,0.0007439152,0.000100048055,0.0000019771037,0.9970424,0.00009666289,0.00020250813,0.000053474065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000036733413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010655739,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029919452,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025939304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000146273505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999339},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135071094","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00458","title":"Water–Energy Nexus in Membrane Distillation: Process Design for Enhanced Thermal Efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal conduction; Membrane; Distillation; Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Process engineering; Thermal conductivity; Desalination; Heat flux; Heat transfer; Chemistry; Mechanics; Chromatography; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.07712427705834583,"score_gpt":0.3207752480333777,"score_spread":0.24365097097503186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135071094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906727,0.000036144116,0.005038429,0.00034526983,0.00010887418,0.00034976375,0.000005777472,0.0001513845,0.0032916318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825954,0.000005417098,0.00010733124,0.0000036024287,0.00015522538,0.0002189015,0.000029330224,0.000022705437,0.0011979634],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99809146,0.000045757573,0.00028208378,0.0004478459,0.0005228565,0.0006099961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992477,0.0002664195,0.000026317864,0.0003196147,0.000054119537,0.00008581559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007610793,0.0001539311,0.00018106465,0.00004817762,0.0001037644,0.00006864528,0.00039056223,0.0002829709,0.0008560455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010295939,0.00013962919,0.00003873156,0.0006937347,0.00011222006,0.00012706655,0.00016848133,0.00042832934,0.000024183617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003272649,0.00003061323,0.000021196336,0.000024072271,0.0000033675958,0.000009476411,0.00008183018,0.31425235,0.68456274,0.000009901351,0.000051206178,0.0009205355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063395634,0.000027515582,0.000014231446,0.000029335675,0.0000020427508,0.0000045604675,0.00008758189,0.039848704,0.95809907,0.00008829686,0.001004009,0.0001606716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002802788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029335297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27440363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024848888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000860463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9373098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136595971","doi":"10.3390/membranes11030213","title":"Antifouling and Flux Enhancement of Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Grafting Poly (3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate) Brushes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Polymer chemistry; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Methacrylate; Membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Grafting; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Cationic polymerization; Acrylate; Polymer; Copolymer; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012867301394716563,"score_gpt":0.2380871460853628,"score_spread":0.22521984469064624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136595971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910305,0.0023267975,0.00036772602,0.0009589257,0.00012939553,0.00020320427,0.000014742064,0.0001321292,0.004836542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866777,0.0011997644,0.008057191,0.00022832025,0.000017556822,0.000019902602,0.000023703187,0.000025477115,0.0037503687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99804515,0.00010147077,0.0004841836,0.00057122816,0.00044317826,0.0003548081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990844,0.000142003,0.00020478768,0.0004574091,0.000028799506,0.00008256057],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040161773,0.00024331002,0.00040490646,0.000056885263,0.00017265428,0.000047210775,0.00025511935,0.00013774722,0.0031556003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002743896,0.00023098223,0.000081342005,0.0005358852,0.00033089018,0.0003130988,0.00032862776,0.00015917832,0.00012348783],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016684855,0.00006913314,0.0024816385,0.00011951023,0.000034343717,0.000013215673,0.00044782914,0.000083594794,0.98290735,0.000039797076,0.0009393983,0.012847484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003713562,0.000043400014,0.00053707254,0.000047771096,0.000040472925,0.000019494715,0.0005708172,0.0003287189,0.9873257,0.00019733224,0.010268323,0.00024950356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003598716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006504638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01259798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045229666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017531882,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99775565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136686351","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130341","title":"Forward osmosis membranes for high-efficiency desalination with Nano-MoS2 composite substrates","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Forward osmosis; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010193418211085997,"score_gpt":0.2250307443428289,"score_spread":0.21483732613174292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136686351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98665196,0.0002201121,0.0054763495,0.0010012811,0.0000768827,0.00035182247,0.000011595619,0.00025165558,0.0059583522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9728125,0.000041974705,0.024624094,0.00014955494,0.000018022507,0.000091536516,0.0000685963,0.00002308986,0.002170666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878234,0.000018254936,0.00021276141,0.0004373261,0.00026937408,0.0002799172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935675,0.00008461131,0.000104366954,0.00034814724,0.000051020117,0.000055133147],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010956395,0.00018041619,0.00019479582,0.000007702555,0.00019931777,0.00007232126,0.00025109597,0.000116916366,0.0013459338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006419608,0.00015320779,0.000052094532,0.00042168045,0.00018934807,0.00024911258,0.00007919575,0.00007828968,0.00014532985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001350067,0.00041856483,0.022085777,0.00031526978,0.00006455084,0.000022503807,0.00045955885,0.01021801,0.9402981,0.002895733,0.004975698,0.018111264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058054837,0.000082664,0.0030100222,0.000018759763,0.000027528024,0.000013548174,0.00032059653,0.001036271,0.989702,0.0014287685,0.003546731,0.00023254957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049747214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018671977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049403947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096591866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027373504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137539907","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146471","title":"Characterization and modelling of soluble microbial products in activated sludge systems treating municipal wastewater with special emphasis on temperature effect","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Bioprocess; Chemistry; Effluent; Wastewater; Biomass (ecology); Activated sludge model; Activated sludge; Pulp and paper industry; Substrate (aquarium); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Sewage treatment; Central composite design; Polysaccharide; Chromatography; Membrane; Response surface methodology; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011765407670292789,"score_gpt":0.19419370982801934,"score_spread":0.18242830215772654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3137539907","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989442,0.000009974307,0.000006660513,0.00029686725,0.0000959498,0.00041437286,0.0000044052986,0.0000075550856,0.00022000371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991913,0.000014976259,0.00013822566,0.0000037791287,0.000022660895,0.00001229194,0.0000024833714,0.0000069158186,0.0006073718],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877024,0.00010759973,0.00019883456,0.00031076575,0.00041960296,0.00019293513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993505,0.000030986062,0.00015398918,0.00043926985,0.000004998334,0.000020266025],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046372446,0.00012307677,0.00016381056,0.000036285037,0.00017538022,0.000031859243,0.00029942938,0.000041369312,0.000040275358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003333775,0.000065115906,0.00002026738,0.00039670084,0.00085800496,0.00019823451,0.0003222488,0.000121742196,0.000005249259],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039976712,0.000034965447,0.000104416395,0.000010636074,0.000002909731,5.582825e-7,0.0006924741,0.29785243,0.7011018,0.000011960272,0.0000013375184,0.0001465478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000252376,0.00012898058,0.003563265,0.000066081695,0.000009872057,0.000012946402,0.0002251655,0.008511759,0.98713815,0.000004703546,0.000009724892,0.00007699774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000080009915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033092335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28934067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012596816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016478842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3161355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138984884","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2021.01.063","title":"Superwetting polyethersulfone membrane functionalized with ZrO2 nanoparticles for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon removal","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Material Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Alberta; Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Coating; Hydrocarbon; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009679482746846768,"score_gpt":0.22970233782415414,"score_spread":0.22002285507730737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3138984884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99406326,0.000088264336,0.0001024719,0.0049378704,0.0002336912,0.00011050504,0.0000013070797,0.00005943967,0.0004032151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896986,0.000031986558,0.010002137,0.00010268893,0.000038899834,0.0000074887366,5.2776846e-7,0.000008001365,0.000109689034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986787,0.000022709453,0.0003328007,0.00023635474,0.00043664846,0.00029277807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943066,0.00004660108,0.00023824623,0.00018169748,0.000039144743,0.00006366855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075076515,0.00010964352,0.00023179348,0.00018433096,0.00023875742,0.00008004203,0.00030336238,0.000103643164,0.00017041402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004915663,0.000079713034,0.000024127585,0.00090952,0.0012332463,0.00039495915,0.0001385637,0.000101872945,0.000007014291],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000999385,0.000032440097,0.0005367952,0.000005824071,0.000009065234,0.000035700185,0.00004455493,0.000010237046,0.99102336,0.00042027977,0.000047540834,0.0077342517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074919785,0.0003798307,0.00064010394,0.000026945634,0.000024265251,0.0016239999,0.00051141577,0.00012355477,0.98674506,0.005831843,0.0032316565,0.00011210293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011808391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016224141,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009899666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084352905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010799328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45439473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3142882166","doi":"","title":"Assessment of Ultrafiltration Membrane Ageing in Full-scale Water Treatment Facilities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Ageing; Scale (ratio); Full scale; Water treatment; Environmental science; Medicine; Chemistry; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Geography; Cartography; Internal medicine; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01691388849428162,"score_gpt":0.31086817648038145,"score_spread":0.29395428798609985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3142882166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93550396,0.000060582955,0.00003301632,0.00012494744,0.00015828155,0.00035888582,0.000008561996,0.00006816444,0.06368358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91690475,0.00023929946,0.0009011727,0.000009046094,0.000011717542,0.000114042596,0.00090876163,0.00001894931,0.08089227],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984917,0.00007510032,0.00038419175,0.0004142784,0.00038270513,0.00025204718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994006,0.000040537943,0.00013936733,0.00037243904,0.000014968549,0.000032060034],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012222683,0.00025716485,0.00038948943,0.00010801703,0.000053589465,0.00003016414,0.0001693607,0.00024650968,0.0059440434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020435282,0.00020664466,0.00009190032,0.00017060024,0.00006848189,0.00017556584,0.000030347224,0.0001669183,0.00008051388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018747467,0.000114927236,0.0007363269,0.00012223756,0.00001782894,0.000016331052,0.011569194,0.002953834,0.98270637,0.00004374349,0.00005293598,0.0016475221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031159443,0.00014514734,0.019792689,0.000065967615,0.000024255643,0.0000024607766,0.022254802,0.00022662028,0.955215,0.00005388455,0.0016658151,0.0002417594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023970488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01826394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027491368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003913266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000411253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3142960743","doi":"10.3390/membranes11040253","title":"The Effect of the Oleophobicity Deterioration of a Membrane Surface on Its Rejection Capacity: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Contact angle; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Leaching (pedology); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Mechanics; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.014516610972868054,"score_gpt":0.24425504975785142,"score_spread":0.22973843878498337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3142960743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99766546,0.00003444348,0.000070244794,0.00036338263,0.00022829295,0.0006437173,0.000013187476,0.000048856706,0.0009323862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995845,0.000015146118,0.0000706799,0.00002189862,0.000008005961,0.000020134481,0.000005866268,0.000009764718,0.0002639985],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980978,0.00051822054,0.00036506297,0.00027108876,0.00059993385,0.00014793733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986872,0.0005358423,0.00024467247,0.00046211336,0.00004930417,0.00002084441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066074124,0.00015563595,0.00023539958,0.000023763638,0.00029070108,0.00002982188,0.00032081455,0.000075683936,0.00008011922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004303798,0.0000936508,0.00009306835,0.0005776713,0.00026112175,0.000120982026,0.0001558573,0.00014640513,0.00002688259],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024832567,0.00024920068,0.03596857,0.00013732194,0.00007653298,0.000003270134,0.00081638346,0.26325792,0.6972129,0.00026336874,0.00007530096,0.0016909112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057836366,0.0004916098,0.04549659,0.000024975667,0.000037372476,0.000010282444,0.0003966733,0.032840263,0.91980726,0.00015325513,0.000055896347,0.000107454325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001567404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012583551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23041765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011181256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020891619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38189688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3148517766","doi":"10.1007/s10570-021-03845-3","title":"A chitosan/dopamine-TiO2 composite nanofiltration membrane for antifouling in water purification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cellulose","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Biofouling; Membrane; Chitosan; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015860318972926675,"score_gpt":0.23900114738555103,"score_spread":0.22314082841262436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3148517766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865854,0.000055837514,0.003452229,0.0008055225,0.00014553938,0.00035361826,0.000003036142,0.00010406312,0.008494753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914824,0.000028806679,0.006123934,0.00007264677,0.000027320517,0.00007242331,0.00020161411,0.0000135032005,0.0019774023],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894816,0.00004249457,0.00027147852,0.0003508781,0.00015650397,0.00023045883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957407,0.000041452735,0.00005309645,0.0002889537,0.000009970394,0.00003243225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015549152,0.00011411764,0.00013293444,0.000052638978,0.000084535866,0.00004839733,0.00015067737,0.00009511342,0.0005192941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049885166,0.000100809964,0.00004458229,0.00021821608,0.00006972282,0.00022322706,0.00006653741,0.00008067238,0.00029004956],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013972502,0.0000721302,0.0020946842,0.000022872257,0.0000028579377,0.000006722446,0.0002505881,0.0010906,0.99439657,0.00018783943,0.00008790661,0.001773266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037576273,0.000020488602,0.0025503258,0.000009947732,0.000007024774,0.000005390461,0.00012226164,0.0049317754,0.9888701,0.0003112781,0.002656097,0.00013958852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002271303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045091256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0065173516,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005048077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008763713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56859064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3150010490","doi":"10.1002/app.50756","title":"Self‐doped sulfonated polyaniline ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced chlorine resistance and antifouling properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Sodium hypochlorite; Chemical engineering; Chlorine; Phase inversion; Humic acid; Polyaniline; Fouling; Hypochlorite; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008798991847820634,"score_gpt":0.20906755198525517,"score_spread":0.20026856013743455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3150010490","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99119973,0.0008140375,0.00035888707,0.00064839626,0.00008595163,0.00011839034,9.2835495e-7,0.000059236405,0.006714446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99317384,0.0002773076,0.0059194798,0.00013261336,0.00003416362,0.000004515069,5.9595885e-7,0.000009986435,0.00044751188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981444,0.00001765736,0.0004112043,0.00034845172,0.0007931486,0.0002851723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991544,0.00003794982,0.00034489945,0.00025202057,0.00009731265,0.000113412956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005050628,0.00016045451,0.00023759795,0.00010812937,0.000284427,0.00014049809,0.00038387915,0.000050592327,0.0001099379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048261834,0.00011425737,0.000024440671,0.0011765294,0.00077920075,0.0007651798,0.00010386183,0.00019652027,0.000011366736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014749437,0.000048059508,0.00013820968,0.00002272341,0.000009208387,0.0000133669455,0.0006531548,0.00017451093,0.9969952,0.00043737015,0.000013532802,0.0013471706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048590483,0.00007018909,0.0009833467,0.00003482923,0.000017801258,0.000088709174,0.00057970575,0.00024646707,0.99688584,0.00007623261,0.00037055742,0.00016042999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007274721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000507782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006266934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007815169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018271783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46592802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3154729321","doi":"10.11113/amst.v25n1.210","title":"Fouling Challenges in Membrane Bioreactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Fouling; Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Process engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Computer science; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0351331700373655,"score_gpt":0.2581235716103256,"score_spread":0.22299040157296013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3154729321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94615453,0.0003101583,0.00024681387,0.024637684,0.00020439686,0.0003510196,0.0000012550094,0.00026743926,0.027826695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917785,0.0009602507,0.006790307,0.00037595234,0.000054022337,0.0000113270635,2.426426e-7,0.000019480629,0.000009895356],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969431,0.000018193246,0.000849749,0.00061337097,0.00092624855,0.0006492982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99859965,0.00007390102,0.00059977884,0.00045622658,0.00005087253,0.00021955784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012818727,0.0002634541,0.00056081987,0.0011342458,0.00014433639,0.00004344452,0.0021401276,0.00028529533,0.0003797688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006113323,0.00022465205,0.00007921764,0.0043566916,0.002046439,0.000604522,0.0005466178,0.000833708,0.00024296576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000084554646,0.00007309989,0.0003471368,0.000020642492,0.000006251671,0.00005502697,0.00071630004,0.0025322721,0.96014136,0.0059758965,0.00004722607,0.030000236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000928462,0.0003347479,0.0005720997,0.00002732886,0.000013821701,0.00011924536,0.002665159,0.0007415133,0.979228,0.0036477572,0.011423316,0.00029850894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000483147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015545289,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045623984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002567127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012656859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91610444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155852567","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2021.105502","title":"A review on two-stage anaerobic digestion options for optimizing municipal wastewater sludge treatment process","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Anaerobic digestion; Thermophile; Pulp and paper industry; Yield (engineering); Principal component analysis; Resource recovery; Wastewater; Chemistry; Methane; Process (computing); Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Mathematics; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Materials science; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Statistics","score_opus":0.03457702390451387,"score_gpt":0.3029227452839691,"score_spread":0.2683457213794552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155852567","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00200201,0.9966301,0.00019088766,0.000041059957,0.00013573683,0.0008444822,0.00006540765,0.000041921747,0.000048422837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00035469315,0.9922082,0.0067800693,0.000034909208,0.00010099941,0.00018545632,0.00011214313,0.00007613116,0.00014740787],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978415,0.00004071887,0.0010131542,0.0003958689,0.00034759444,0.00036121017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871176,0.0001491584,0.000595063,0.0003802669,0.0000046684945,0.00015910347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023745061,0.0005345128,0.0014214864,0.00011117469,0.000058025158,0.00003271885,0.00042566823,0.00022588695,0.00049604534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010567927,0.00041145628,0.0007575609,0.00018964281,0.00007410208,0.00021174067,0.00014023803,0.00048214072,0.000045046538],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073462485,0.002205771,0.0000051657235,0.041934595,0.0013437573,0.0002740245,0.00034386333,0.23679872,0.07307002,0.00010718375,0.0010871206,0.64275634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008583609,0.0005000605,7.477604e-7,0.034288574,0.0012228943,0.00039010946,0.000044608998,0.0008880794,0.017160023,0.0000047408066,0.94379103,0.0008507929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014153319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.94315e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9427039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014761195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002269554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155990442","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-87601-4","title":"Development of layer-by-layer assembled polyamide-imide membranes for oil sands produced water treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Materials science; Coating; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.03222896047372376,"score_gpt":0.2721072675274586,"score_spread":0.23987830705373486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155990442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99450755,0.00015095629,0.00013553824,0.00049133867,0.001455745,0.0003185437,0.0000036929425,0.00013001903,0.0028065895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9589903,0.000016670847,0.007940066,0.000030044564,0.000016537819,0.00020628353,0.00015442706,0.000021448206,0.032624256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969836,0.00003702001,0.0008082168,0.001080288,0.00062573206,0.00046516384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984807,0.00003298212,0.00026609589,0.0010498303,0.00007533924,0.00009506972],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010221528,0.00023134508,0.00032475198,0.00008521362,0.00038162302,0.0001292833,0.0001978581,0.00010444464,0.0011736669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001605866,0.00016406088,0.00011748257,0.00037143216,0.00018256136,0.00029925548,0.00019473827,0.0000509974,0.0001039572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000121267785,0.00019221024,0.0012851066,0.000054107226,0.000028815974,0.000040046732,0.00070925517,0.0001435065,0.9819467,0.0000046657847,0.0050276467,0.0105558075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021146948,0.000024071174,0.00012198753,0.000012431608,0.000018654333,0.00004313117,0.00014607079,0.000036581583,0.81330836,0.0002685772,0.1856303,0.0001783778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030275307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013685001,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18060265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022670737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014802214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157043933","doi":"10.1039/d1gc01113h","title":"High pressure switchable water: an alternative method for separating organic products from water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Queen's University; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Biomass (ecology); Environmentally friendly; Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Portable water purification; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Process engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Geology; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.015093290478893573,"score_gpt":0.25735571406402374,"score_spread":0.24226242358513017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157043933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99267703,0.000039186507,0.0042792433,0.0013653679,0.000094994626,0.00022490963,0.000059187674,0.00019376908,0.0010663137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9191746,0.0000044740327,0.06063779,0.0001436191,0.0002486143,0.00008700508,0.0005238138,0.000035649424,0.019144405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984884,0.000035155263,0.00021781828,0.00068085425,0.00022618489,0.00035155955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999211,0.00003411277,0.000057407986,0.0005949014,0.00004046599,0.00006207026],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020045858,0.00018258183,0.0002025789,0.0000064679534,0.00014659275,0.00005588374,0.00037386705,0.00014169022,0.007205468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007309168,0.000131663,0.000036761045,0.00007853368,0.000059002363,0.0002617269,0.00036134952,0.00015025896,0.00019888197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012733599,0.000039139464,0.00020781682,0.000044617573,0.000036051442,0.000008387023,0.00064074894,0.00072824943,0.99659234,0.000003450535,0.0005969952,0.0010894787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029425678,0.00001727026,0.000039632683,0.0000070758133,0.00003352303,0.000009169627,0.00017761115,0.0024403355,0.9851166,0.0027017943,0.008947036,0.0002156861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006222266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000605314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0735024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056027617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014152832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99370205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157387312","doi":"10.1021/jacs.1c00547","title":"Sequential Superassembly of Nanofiber Arrays to Carbonaceous Ordered Mesoporous Nanowires and Their Heterostructure Membranes for Osmotic Energy Conversion","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","keywords":"Membrane; Mesoporous material; Nanofiber; Nanotechnology; Nanowire; Hydrothermal carbonization; Heterojunction; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Carbonization; Adsorption; Catalysis; Optoelectronics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008126533863182293,"score_gpt":0.22317386260783853,"score_spread":0.21504732874465624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157387312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99688804,0.00015627539,0.00064745685,0.00206289,0.00011748125,0.00007367159,0.000011526096,0.000009780089,0.000032891956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937972,0.0001483139,0.0050300118,0.0008879193,0.000045351386,0.0000025384402,0.0000015546311,0.000012796953,0.00007433647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901813,0.000049095903,0.00030745432,0.00018483866,0.00025312114,0.0001873523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991394,0.00015534255,0.0003559754,0.00021239015,0.000059925373,0.000076930446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001125925,0.00014259048,0.00035926685,0.000010340185,0.00007987713,0.00001969263,0.0003263329,0.00007107726,0.000063609696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001451723,0.000089491965,0.00029884593,0.00025742908,0.00053856743,0.000078229976,0.00025962212,0.00012080423,4.6293704e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006077561,0.000025098201,0.0008591416,0.000023779505,0.000057391862,0.0000011144438,0.0004477016,0.00026581113,0.9946972,0.0000054797238,0.0022392755,0.0013171929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031972007,0.00008673516,0.000396852,0.000016216656,0.00003102043,0.00010815265,0.0009216215,0.00028123782,0.9946735,0.00036584807,0.0026949642,0.000104162245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007551955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009629259,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004382555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011408438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003908559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36493763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158595354","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2021.117202","title":"Impact of influent deviations on polymer coagulant dose in warm lime softening of synthetic SAGD produced water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); Stantec (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lime; Chemistry; Organic matter; Hard water; Flocculation; Softening; Humic acid; Sodium bicarbonate; Pulp and paper industry; Nuclear chemistry; Metallurgy; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Fertilizer; Composite material","score_opus":0.06496649030841498,"score_gpt":0.3660067934489947,"score_spread":0.3010403031405797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158595354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980757,0.000026251902,0.000004170492,0.00078332116,0.000015581689,0.0002545036,0.0000048716606,0.000020454578,0.0008150975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989604,0.00001246341,0.000055027052,0.000009987119,0.000005495713,0.000036042817,0.000013035413,0.000011539983,0.0008960083],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980994,0.0002054666,0.00031459023,0.00030871204,0.0006183019,0.00045351955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932915,0.00004308684,0.000027645412,0.00050589844,0.000045909637,0.000048325594],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081647234,0.0000970245,0.0001830362,0.0002137101,0.000063061045,0.00001939621,0.00026483205,0.000069907066,0.0018934547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001737179,0.000056032553,0.00005934088,0.00033302323,0.0002492048,0.00010591409,0.00043037123,0.00023191044,0.0004918414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004951818,0.00020317022,0.04144768,0.000020325228,0.000012586826,0.000013626925,0.0015425343,0.001485787,0.954284,0.000029502773,0.00005341441,0.0008578392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022009954,0.00016935382,0.03297181,0.000037582668,0.0000024179521,0.0000039382753,0.00009286835,0.0001689267,0.9659043,0.00029742817,0.00005969298,0.00007158142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077429326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000072127936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011620283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017937661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003269255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99901897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163549422","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118948","title":"Comparative DCMD performance of hydrophobic-hydrophilic dual-layer hollow fibre PVDF membranes incorporated with different concentrations of carbon-based nanoparticles","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Permeation; Nanoparticle; Carbon nanotube; Composite material; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Desalination","score_opus":0.017879084370731903,"score_gpt":0.2483248149110553,"score_spread":0.23044573054032338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163549422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970462,0.00023361163,0.00020370538,0.0010555091,0.000032771277,0.0004066793,0.000015620943,0.00015598194,0.00084993866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984956,0.00011629082,0.0010080747,0.000036561058,0.0000048054612,0.00008813856,0.000072564064,0.000011209304,0.00016678724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849683,0.00009282666,0.0005311028,0.00040863708,0.00027560085,0.0001949733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880373,0.00006696978,0.00045101088,0.0004934384,0.00013473535,0.000050136106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010364929,0.00020718694,0.0003910403,0.00017104672,0.00013138162,0.000017474682,0.000159306,0.00020339097,0.00019573433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033882814,0.0001772557,0.000032258566,0.0011063816,0.0009088282,0.00016654041,0.00005577033,0.00014534869,0.000013030678],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078210614,0.0001769295,0.039951168,0.000050130908,0.000025251746,0.0000019848123,0.00028215026,0.006450273,0.95134795,0.0012363517,0.000028902266,0.00037068594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063105725,0.00032393055,0.015469286,0.000028697283,0.000033292516,0.000014318929,0.00033370854,0.03218123,0.950259,0.00029351693,0.00025369122,0.00017831067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023116603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013172592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025730956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049065035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008132436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7228278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163604673","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130796","title":"Modifying thin-film composite forward osmosis membranes using various SiO2 nanoparticles for aquaculture wastewater recovery","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Materials science; Wastewater; Polyamide; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Chromatography; Surface modification; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Environmental science","score_opus":0.022218169131224354,"score_gpt":0.24642910918104743,"score_spread":0.2242109400498231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163604673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99467075,0.00038519024,0.0010210705,0.0006414508,0.00016883531,0.00032559226,0.000018114675,0.00024266381,0.0025263631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9472749,0.00005160172,0.049120557,0.0004339211,0.000037223155,0.0000451519,0.00003560851,0.000038927643,0.0029620957],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840486,0.000036024787,0.00031498898,0.0005435027,0.00027619425,0.0004244389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922425,0.000078999146,0.00011792027,0.0004622855,0.00003188426,0.00008464145],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014196143,0.00024527754,0.00029261084,0.00000823701,0.00031909335,0.0001385472,0.0003024647,0.00020706079,0.0015840282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010169867,0.00021371401,0.00014990996,0.00028496375,0.0001298343,0.00041786535,0.00028787972,0.00014730536,0.00017886686],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038399205,0.000062001236,0.0008123004,0.00008827689,0.000032519365,0.000012795357,0.00038660853,0.04305286,0.9514688,0.000030033358,0.002203633,0.0018117629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046246356,0.000031042346,0.00015834758,0.000036725753,0.000049189894,0.00003336531,0.0006514937,0.023023427,0.96615505,0.0017471153,0.0073524285,0.00029932015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008545081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008460408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048099488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016506002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000231162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166984293","doi":"10.1007/s10924-021-02189-0","title":"PBAT-based Microfiltration Membranes Using Porogen Saturated Solutions: Architecture, Morphology, and Environmental Profile","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Context (archaeology); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Thermogravimetric analysis; Sodium; Microfiltration; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011825808300234745,"score_gpt":0.20998452212467247,"score_spread":0.19815871382443773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166984293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889519,0.0065835794,0.0022495582,0.0017868273,0.00007856243,0.00017693485,0.000015690888,0.000009080593,0.00014785852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99468184,0.0010069775,0.0037838935,0.00031807378,0.000025886302,0.000004723974,0.000010920967,0.0000118400185,0.00015587841],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881214,0.00017660901,0.00034833513,0.00019899021,0.00026343993,0.00020049444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935544,0.000080999685,0.0003033644,0.00018448471,0.0000021196834,0.00007359078],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034669874,0.00015553331,0.0002190026,0.00004650783,0.00024371712,0.00003506697,0.00012136111,0.000084526975,0.0011184734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026220498,0.00010581782,0.00007420385,0.00006949191,0.0009615475,0.00012618993,0.0001414745,0.0002054342,0.00000997702],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013186545,0.0000940325,0.002219555,0.000009020811,0.000062678075,0.000040239673,0.00025244366,0.0048642647,0.984059,0.00007744332,0.00008941189,0.008100071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044340976,0.0002412572,0.011631713,0.00003335642,0.00026986605,0.0013966688,0.0021172247,0.007656315,0.9667745,0.0012237343,0.003811279,0.00040993403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003517042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035074663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017284421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009072788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017537204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169543503","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131015","title":"Membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of P-availability controlled by N:P ratio","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Agronomy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.005180334636587498,"score_gpt":0.2112118594229144,"score_spread":0.20603152478632691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169543503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920546,0.00026410044,0.0000643112,0.0001862417,0.00019954988,0.0007574849,0.000012318645,0.0001077176,0.006353694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99710137,0.000080691956,0.0012285329,0.00009657797,0.000019895237,0.00009072385,0.000046648947,0.000022300883,0.0013132369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980685,0.00012785709,0.0006034053,0.00056324387,0.0003023867,0.0003345902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875057,0.00031405824,0.00022766356,0.0006100064,0.000026764958,0.00007093008],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030772615,0.00025505325,0.00066899223,0.000012195612,0.00004053571,0.000035447105,0.00031409477,0.00024415556,0.007107472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007468624,0.000241237,0.0001372531,0.00036852024,0.00026736278,0.00021319183,0.00018783133,0.00022411208,0.00017649983],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023158856,0.0002530844,0.0035531607,0.00014641519,0.00002191371,0.000016800566,0.00017120682,0.000057694502,0.99295247,0.000009134577,0.0014878886,0.0010986682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005252644,0.00004476333,0.0012989977,0.0000366012,0.00002318666,0.0000053161984,0.000105250096,0.00028717885,0.99077255,0.00005320489,0.0018961284,0.00022420836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022426197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026660043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0069309724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018747292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052802177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99380016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169725888","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2021.130704","title":"Effective strategy for UV-mediated grafting of biocidal Ag-MOFs on polymeric membranes aimed at enhanced water ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Politecnico di Torino; University of Alabama","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Grafting; Surface modification; Leaching (pedology); Materials science; Water treatment; Chemistry; Hydrophilization; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.007317910289358168,"score_gpt":0.21795477564912086,"score_spread":0.2106368653597627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169725888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884158,0.000065548455,0.010604188,0.00012178071,0.00014220094,0.00016923565,0.0000061278474,0.000090884256,0.00038424364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976304,0.000015247566,0.0020779716,0.000027889237,0.00007079263,0.000029213386,0.000034747587,0.00002058822,0.00009313482],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886847,0.000019366367,0.00032703797,0.00022849017,0.00024695517,0.0003097035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994313,0.0002188618,0.00009548669,0.00013632543,0.000028277336,0.000089761976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001570106,0.00016863497,0.0002237966,0.000049826263,0.000071957205,0.000027037586,0.00015211197,0.00013365711,0.00038157168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042874107,0.00013443656,0.00010711641,0.00018029232,0.00007263224,0.00012863048,0.00005042945,0.00023957812,0.000034188346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046391444,0.000034457935,0.000034111054,0.000037610836,0.000025262998,0.0000049511855,0.00011749416,0.03134305,0.9667901,0.000008333559,0.00005102711,0.0015072215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005707451,0.00009085889,0.00023471963,0.000032352295,0.00001392732,0.000051764,0.000031765692,0.0058387164,0.9928461,0.000043030803,0.00008665303,0.00015940162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025110585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.3018107e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026055977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016553195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011144594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5482164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3170045849","doi":"10.1111/ijac.13824","title":"Innovative in situ investigations using synchrotron‐based micro tomography and molecular dynamics simulation for fouling assessment in ceramic membranes for dairy and food industry","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Microfiltration; Materials science; Ceramic; Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Porosity; Synchrotron; Chemical engineering; Membrane structure; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.016853544844834676,"score_gpt":0.3005982226663076,"score_spread":0.2837446778214729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3170045849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9181999,0.00006642903,0.079216175,0.0018577918,0.000080870734,0.00044465123,0.000020161888,0.0000255319,0.00008850843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.920426,0.000012645114,0.079247005,0.00021372312,0.000014022853,0.000046700974,0.000023682176,0.000014636632,0.0000015664903],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875754,0.000018988481,0.0005689848,0.00027685953,0.00019523049,0.00018237566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991418,0.00019660723,0.00038153108,0.000113643895,0.00013975099,0.000026652702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026511616,0.00014808452,0.0002412658,0.0007779957,0.00004967243,0.000044128035,0.00023523558,0.00034582074,0.0000070123474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017377721,0.00016426077,0.00003688553,0.00070068927,0.00027151156,0.0001683996,0.00012958585,0.00047800902,1.264051e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011862516,0.00013840136,0.028099425,0.000055994966,0.000098841345,0.000018860648,0.0001817604,0.25718296,0.6851759,0.015041059,0.0000039090246,0.013884283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006743679,0.00026617988,0.0102853635,0.00017159976,0.00004213532,0.0000876545,0.0023026573,0.529651,0.31024987,0.13960217,0.00018862434,0.0004090803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000069295534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012439411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.374926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00055730314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014273454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6698359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3170319353","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131207","title":"Planning of smart gating membranes for water treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation; Iran's National Elites Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Gating; Self-healing hydrogels; Desalination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Biophysics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0684984365775626,"score_gpt":0.3329541767064315,"score_spread":0.2644557401288689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3170319353","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039866695,0.9942715,0.000046024634,0.000022661445,0.00008980212,0.0006980031,0.000016020838,0.00008501289,0.004372273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000058211765,0.99163824,0.0034991954,0.000012545158,0.00003393527,0.00031107958,0.00015655975,0.000043680666,0.0042465753],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987016,0.000028081316,0.0004560566,0.00041112152,0.00014429503,0.0002588636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919605,0.00012006252,0.0002059462,0.00043452132,0.00000895698,0.00003448315],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011097862,0.00030445497,0.0010707948,0.000008938973,0.000071526316,0.000020202766,0.00026705605,0.00025648173,0.0027355081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054116583,0.00019401615,0.00035213368,0.00012274002,0.000099069985,0.00008079497,0.00015353423,0.00008978909,0.00013334803],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002598631,0.0000464137,0.00001612959,0.008701892,0.00009097204,0.00000639031,0.00016653465,0.000104538085,0.00027211505,0.0000124960125,0.00113453,0.9894454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001229825,0.000055181194,1.6626363e-7,0.0016485334,0.0001770855,0.000009748163,0.000100100464,0.000017604023,0.060073372,0.000026136177,0.9375648,0.0002042787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020677082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064344536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9892411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018545358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027257483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981761},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3172293766","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-195625/v1","title":"Effect of Organic Loading Rate on the Biological Performance of the Thermophilic Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Pulp and Paper Primary Sludge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Digestate; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp (tooth); Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Biofuel; Paper mill; Anaerobic exercise; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.03373848621769315,"score_gpt":0.3026634842868274,"score_spread":0.2689249980691342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3172293766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99629986,0.00030971403,7.919988e-7,0.00050175365,0.00004674061,0.0012123992,0.000015566206,0.00003967941,0.0015734655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985007,0.0011801884,0.000023912482,0.00003261856,0.000019159444,0.00010351377,0.000016060336,0.000020887335,0.00010296022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99621785,0.0017499058,0.00035499854,0.00056124973,0.0007281451,0.00038783153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966129,0.0019794425,0.0002260273,0.0010890153,0.000044157383,0.0000484775],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033588374,0.00025920503,0.00042998212,0.00008937194,0.00027164756,0.000054535205,0.0009537295,0.00030876993,0.0010893047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014674672,0.0001232192,0.00013086708,0.00066761894,0.0011736607,0.00008916986,0.0025116755,0.001186215,0.000022744034],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093409806,0.000044632085,0.026928788,0.0005648396,0.000027972217,0.0000026537084,0.0003014416,0.0001407507,0.9666845,0.000029099117,0.000031874883,0.0051499982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018605156,0.000624086,0.16618752,0.00048011568,0.0000112822545,0.0000029191285,0.00019767978,0.00023016329,0.83188486,0.000039387327,0.000029539728,0.00012640208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099209385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025869444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13925874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002099757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000621316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174010627","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070492","title":"Study of Acid Whey Fouling after Protein Isolation Using Nanofiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Chemistry; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Lactose; Bar (unit); Lactic acid; Food science; Biochemistry; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.02641857153762984,"score_gpt":0.2619763050745118,"score_spread":0.23555773353688197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174010627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973171,0.000071541486,0.0011245926,0.00006522317,0.00006227274,0.00039705646,0.0000012178391,0.000073946954,0.0008870546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99527425,0.0000038330077,0.0043759895,0.000020937521,0.000016237267,0.000042054835,0.0000035486785,0.000010226823,0.00025290076],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989714,0.00008264248,0.00026848647,0.00026050583,0.00028676976,0.000130204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999543,0.000009542914,0.000111076755,0.00029350418,0.000021857362,0.000021019987],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015372864,0.00010287659,0.0001397347,0.000041265626,0.00008015649,0.000028407649,0.00010746815,0.000066237924,0.0010019674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000083044295,0.00009927736,0.000030805728,0.00032181267,0.00005311057,0.00033972724,0.00009543349,0.000064349755,0.000055127915],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020008862,0.000143803,0.012742376,0.000025034227,0.000006883094,0.000011557867,0.000998884,0.0033646051,0.9818966,0.000013225145,0.000004602935,0.00077245606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029923677,0.00008476211,0.008188546,0.000019633666,0.000015946684,0.000008198999,0.0016128737,0.003128111,0.98624116,0.00018628496,0.0000914694,0.00012375988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008752888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032750843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0045538303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043321692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013195528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174476808","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070485","title":"Special Issue “Membrane Technologies for Sustainable Biofood Production Lines”","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Urbanization; Production (economics); Natural resource economics; Business; Population growth; Population; Sustainable production; Economic growth; Economics; Medicine; Environmental health","score_opus":0.012568026454402317,"score_gpt":0.24520698899572563,"score_spread":0.23263896254132332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174476808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7581509,0.0010964308,0.00078303355,0.051066607,0.00422141,0.003996519,0.00003219245,0.0060391296,0.17461382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.60354596,0.0013147164,0.018639997,0.0005823879,0.0077853515,0.0011481573,0.00017619006,0.00016539473,0.36664185],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803674,0.000037350994,0.0003333439,0.0007143958,0.0003146573,0.00056352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897635,0.000075720534,0.000117371885,0.00069537986,0.00009496277,0.000040194736],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003013254,0.00024837986,0.00029050358,0.00011207026,0.00035109033,0.0001034916,0.00041658146,0.00024662504,0.002872069],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001615197,0.00023321695,0.00010369412,0.0008941219,0.00035217492,0.0005281774,0.00034111642,0.0001675343,0.0006340857],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019998405,0.00051687437,0.0014890945,0.00094597007,0.0000718738,0.00017407129,0.0006489736,0.0037301455,0.55595607,0.005254985,0.34628153,0.08473041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020546497,0.00004313049,0.00008597232,0.0000068572062,0.000013074271,0.000027147244,0.0021401825,0.00006182693,0.5235568,0.0019864752,0.47169563,0.00017740256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036146565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011344339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19202803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012727712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040912386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3174541067","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.157","title":"A photo-Fenton nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane for enhanced dye removal with self-cleaning properties","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Photocatalysis; Fouling; Phase inversion; Hydrophilization; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.010131299303474254,"score_gpt":0.2361065329310149,"score_spread":0.22597523362754066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3174541067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909386,0.00014431142,0.005654238,0.0003518054,0.00013065735,0.00021416252,8.941935e-7,0.000029718938,0.0025356284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9755723,0.0000936729,0.023435373,0.00008653513,0.000017155813,0.000005817123,1.6040222e-7,0.000006239733,0.0007827805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875426,0.000025029221,0.00030252297,0.0002412102,0.00046540273,0.00021157331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934655,0.000034546818,0.00026378979,0.00013446239,0.00014106641,0.00007956657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054407504,0.00011160007,0.00018002435,0.000073653304,0.00025992203,0.00018789036,0.00029422456,0.0000361554,0.00008639517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015498551,0.00007791126,0.000036005607,0.00048930006,0.00041170346,0.0010477258,0.000076576085,0.000119858865,0.0000053020294],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001214784,0.000040567294,0.00008849632,0.000016289252,0.000008046876,0.0000018481999,0.0010464515,0.0013259113,0.9965057,0.000036281763,0.00006686076,0.00074206264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004986982,0.00054163113,0.00022581757,0.00010294669,0.00001514684,0.0003760905,0.0010444421,0.0019530046,0.99264854,0.00004396862,0.0024359396,0.00011378317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006497941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002766756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017781135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012689955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013078284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3177129},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175025234","doi":"10.3390/membranes11070475","title":"Graphene Oxide Membranes for High Salinity, Produced Water Separation by Pervaporation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Membrane; Pervaporation; Produced water; Chemical engineering; Emulsion; Oxide; Wastewater; Chemistry; Membrane technology; Desalination; Hydrolysis; Salt (chemistry); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Permeation; Environmental science","score_opus":0.017968524272001702,"score_gpt":0.2607221790809473,"score_spread":0.2427536548089456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3175025234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99167836,0.00023810584,0.0012589168,0.0042045075,0.00030384783,0.00071746466,0.000036199293,0.00041096544,0.0011516539],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916617,0.0001630659,0.0021188413,0.00047304513,0.00007282664,0.00027202326,0.0008575006,0.00003867719,0.0043422775],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978793,0.00010909571,0.00045519194,0.0007162343,0.00042449316,0.00041567854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990793,0.000084898136,0.00011740593,0.00057459896,0.00006977437,0.00007404477],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043036233,0.00027409045,0.00030196508,0.00006139582,0.0003261237,0.00012770222,0.0002936951,0.00019204545,0.0018699442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020119864,0.00022267662,0.00010403681,0.0003265762,0.00016493752,0.00062866067,0.00014537724,0.00011903444,0.0004942834],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004784562,0.0001120179,0.0009434604,0.00014189817,0.000021114849,0.0000043565,0.0002517429,0.0012763145,0.98791564,0.0002917443,0.008202366,0.00079150486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056730484,0.000059554593,0.0005943293,0.0000077190925,0.000034084518,0.000013394241,0.00014643389,0.00047701746,0.9595408,0.0039040647,0.03433616,0.0003191592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016347368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002603616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028374858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006814571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021004384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3175341753","doi":"10.1139/cjce-2021-0154","title":"Hybrid treatment system to remove micromolecular SMPs from fruit wastewater treated with an MBR","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Dissolved organic carbon; Reverse osmosis; Sorption; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Coagulation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental science; Activated carbon; Membrane; Waste management; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006276758825589372,"score_gpt":0.1709113366188978,"score_spread":0.16463457779330842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3175341753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970593,0.0001657316,0.0014602563,0.00016276687,0.00009948242,0.00008661076,0.000025490659,0.00003576796,0.0009046199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706835,0.0000039976903,0.0026224453,0.00004278789,0.000039499257,0.0000036530078,0.000009155527,0.00002539074,0.00018474204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912876,0.00002186547,0.00022981763,0.00018712346,0.00015214819,0.00028028767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990864,0.000013004929,0.000062881954,0.0002842488,0.00002524081,0.0005282474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006482353,0.00016019003,0.00022207265,0.00012342636,0.000051587533,0.00007249494,0.00019694363,0.000044326098,0.0005980722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025488029,0.00013303003,0.000049342423,0.00017584492,0.000022745393,0.0001627283,0.000014891617,0.00009679241,0.000055564524],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037380483,0.00003750954,0.0061390805,0.000026144324,0.00023696321,0.013325356,0.0010181873,0.3668788,0.6089561,0.00006700379,0.0010336749,0.0022437654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080116885,0.00059234706,0.0052409507,0.0002548435,0.000086206885,0.0015910269,0.0004644375,0.0040910784,0.9661352,0.000016301208,0.020284174,0.00044225372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048496863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08778283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36278772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008123048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001194825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92886275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176393167","doi":"10.1002/app.51304","title":"Molecular dynamics simulation for investigating and assessing reaction conditions between carboxylated polyethersulfone and polyethyleneimine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanofiltration; Amine gas treating; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Molecular dynamics; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chromatography; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.019358675467392797,"score_gpt":0.29971105816757915,"score_spread":0.28035238270018636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176393167","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99296504,0.0001579541,0.005270185,0.000635353,0.000051977255,0.00010082172,0.000004059249,0.00001955175,0.00079504563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933904,0.000008699161,0.0064398586,0.00011076613,0.000021127988,0.0000028466952,0.0000036363901,0.000007788172,0.00001491523],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894714,0.000016715649,0.0003142733,0.00021776887,0.00032866857,0.00017541206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999198,0.00017177782,0.00034805658,0.0001236815,0.000048090686,0.00011035962],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048786213,0.00009565733,0.00015510498,0.00011521379,0.00028236362,0.00012179031,0.00012751405,0.00006617198,0.000008970287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012996525,0.00009170076,0.000022809414,0.0005433578,0.0006540967,0.0005663506,0.00010199699,0.0001435779,7.5479977e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005461147,0.000008381987,0.0015879404,0.0000050937683,0.0000071859045,0.0000017378522,0.00022874674,0.0013630309,0.9837027,0.0010774903,0.0000019645809,0.012010259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004967693,0.000047026428,0.017342728,0.000019543886,0.000042984397,0.000028324663,0.0007134111,0.032308307,0.94593406,0.0029256167,0.000015534706,0.00012568614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016024387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052378887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03776864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013525505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010457461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37394482},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180507809","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2021.06.023","title":"Comparative analysis of aeration and oscillation in a suspended catalyst photocatalytic membrane reactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; American University of Sharjah","keywords":"Aeration; Photocatalysis; Membrane reactor; Membrane; Catalysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Oscillation (cell signaling); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01711372217264754,"score_gpt":0.24461058763244908,"score_spread":0.22749686545980155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180507809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995707,0.00007596607,0.0021817766,0.0000967107,0.000013206068,0.00047095097,0.000018166256,0.000025593683,0.0014106318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994661,0.00018246895,0.0000839328,0.000012890406,0.0000033702954,0.00004644401,0.00014421421,0.00000450493,0.00005603103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894214,0.000055063614,0.00030680446,0.0003702611,0.00020958879,0.000116160416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996431,0.000026298132,0.00015048089,0.00014101496,0.000004046227,0.000035100864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017971412,0.00012499683,0.0002672324,0.0001233714,0.00009028677,0.00001627958,0.000045860612,0.00008868738,0.00047113615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028783297,0.00012672067,0.000029313906,0.00063323736,0.00020455774,0.00039519861,0.00007433264,0.00011373525,0.0000079312385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049823907,0.0003689143,0.07854694,0.000172431,0.00023724773,0.0000066666194,0.005672383,0.08285606,0.82568306,0.00008378476,0.0000018477556,0.0058724084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090268895,0.00012375198,0.22031637,0.000026411124,0.0002380959,0.000017269274,0.0051185535,0.17799936,0.59431225,0.0005103142,0.00011340827,0.00032152623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002026265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013185173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23137082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012507875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059346326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5167519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180651066","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149022","title":"Technical, economic and environmental feasibility of resource recovery technologies from wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","keywords":"Resource recovery; Wastewater; Resource (disambiguation); Sewage treatment; Circular economy; Environmental science; Business; Energy recovery; Sewage; Waste management; Resource efficiency; Sustainable development; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Energy (signal processing); Economics; Ecology","score_opus":0.0268109819041256,"score_gpt":0.25397878655873307,"score_spread":0.22716780465460748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180651066","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13429338,0.861865,0.0000066801076,0.0003735531,0.00017996205,0.0017478965,0.00034046735,0.00008818905,0.001104871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04213144,0.95632344,0.00082750345,0.0000043647406,0.000012307598,0.00006926553,0.000014973778,0.000029899496,0.00058680325],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970125,0.00019216644,0.0008123543,0.00091434753,0.00070013944,0.00036849448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996434,0.00021222563,0.0008001228,0.0025048046,0.0000011204365,0.000047756308],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010088269,0.00039939617,0.0009594727,0.000073685675,0.00027932858,0.00003798071,0.002430628,0.00026463976,0.00073562475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012402408,0.0002198945,0.00035098227,0.00025326855,0.010518942,0.0001996178,0.0060986364,0.00043282998,0.00010358525],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035912617,0.0005233175,0.000102447884,0.00074464886,0.00016917416,0.000003865118,0.000333824,0.0127639985,0.083047055,0.00024937114,0.0012229829,0.9008034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015266198,0.0013591977,0.0034737543,0.008180734,0.0034729613,0.00056959037,0.006756344,0.0011049629,0.4146212,0.01061167,0.54344946,0.0048735095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000756782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002262442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8959299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008445799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059482565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99217385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184849730","doi":"10.3390/membranes11080556","title":"Feasibility of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis for Electricity Generation at Low Temperatures","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Mitacs; Concordia University","keywords":"Osmotic power; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Salinity; Electricity generation; Power density; Osmosis; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Osmotic pressure; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Pressure gradient; Electricity; Chemistry; Power (physics); Engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.027831081789804438,"score_gpt":0.26539742521556564,"score_spread":0.23756634342576122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3184849730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973048,0.00047517207,0.00030188958,0.0003468831,0.00011604269,0.0004597477,0.00003443177,0.00009772397,0.0008632937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99396133,0.00006791008,0.001774999,0.00011498455,0.000034257508,0.000059167553,0.00005883338,0.000011010923,0.003917475],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878067,0.000078170204,0.00027046434,0.00040453562,0.0002670137,0.00019916611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927783,0.00008824868,0.00010766391,0.00044244275,0.000047234647,0.000036601825],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023716467,0.00013400859,0.00022605174,0.00002664082,0.00015257618,0.000024119629,0.00018854607,0.00011287725,0.0013592552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042977725,0.00012074974,0.00010027768,0.0002764935,0.00012653916,0.00014058467,0.00011133667,0.000069836744,0.000031672873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040128427,0.00008311125,0.009972892,0.00010077939,0.00001772354,0.0000011201089,0.00009853195,0.0024886206,0.9832597,0.000112219386,0.003506015,0.00031917068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033906486,0.00004025752,0.0061523425,0.0000045723405,0.000030294828,0.000005128532,0.000020752756,0.0033895778,0.9861647,0.0003553102,0.0033670336,0.00013095888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003870174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022553018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038205495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070394824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020804127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187231802","doi":"10.1039/d1en00288k","title":"Development of robust and superamphiphobic membranes using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/PVDF-HFP nanocomposite mats for membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Nano","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Graphene; Nanocomposite; Membrane; Biofouling; Wetting; Materials science; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Desalination; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.022077024550686684,"score_gpt":0.24184404059382208,"score_spread":0.2197670160431354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187231802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99761933,0.0001287179,0.001194593,0.000072465904,0.00011241705,0.0004814188,0.000018625255,0.00005505202,0.0003173635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8966643,0.00006824363,0.103009395,0.000038677426,0.000008997986,0.000029951607,0.000024927462,0.000018093024,0.00013739799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974835,0.0000383455,0.0005105215,0.0007837398,0.00071489223,0.00046900526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919456,0.000060658294,0.00019664808,0.00039334642,0.000008965117,0.00014583542],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005388642,0.0002538318,0.0002816004,0.00012331437,0.0006417983,0.0000676272,0.00038530002,0.00010252378,0.000438949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005968306,0.00024665718,0.00006596314,0.00063823065,0.0013771055,0.0006577805,0.00048355013,0.00007800233,0.000027077893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019644758,0.00008493216,0.0036418503,0.000028879727,0.0000076617125,0.000002136336,0.0004815732,0.0033189054,0.98936224,0.00006362898,0.000004773752,0.0029837498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041957814,0.000029251014,0.036352478,0.000026459766,0.000018434586,0.000039800918,0.0005570159,0.002788882,0.9586416,0.00009805988,0.0007376811,0.00029075934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031116117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031109612,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1018148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037316178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006700779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187358701","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131822","title":"Parametric analysis of lignocellulosic ultrafiltration in lab scale cross flow module using pore blocking and artificial neural network model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lignin; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Lignocellulosic biomass; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.024676332782383372,"score_gpt":0.26301782669939444,"score_spread":0.23834149391701107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187358701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99749607,0.00012277956,0.0017153077,0.000041441268,0.000023827624,0.000087827684,0.0000057782045,0.000038835402,0.00046812877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98720664,0.0000110769715,0.012564962,0.000030628824,0.000013235992,0.0000036131953,0.000027069496,0.000008814129,0.0001339785],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988934,0.000028921577,0.00031540933,0.0003464006,0.00020286388,0.00021303441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995326,0.000041772684,0.000113985014,0.0002591732,0.000016951613,0.000035564524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001662283,0.00011582403,0.00025808072,0.000031298794,0.00007629653,0.000051071067,0.00011573244,0.0001207951,0.0003849027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070115515,0.00012336196,0.00006342993,0.002470651,0.00015105464,0.00018648263,0.0000984216,0.00011284844,0.0000048724096],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067972114,0.00003528785,0.07972351,0.00000748235,0.000016580212,0.0000040566106,0.00013052217,0.85589355,0.061620336,0.0000064033934,0.00002518032,0.002530308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000084723186,0.000006368268,0.011074117,0.0000060944935,0.000059615,0.0000021507478,0.00007427682,0.8180185,0.17007959,0.00049380644,0.0000018652383,0.00009891806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006683742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003081304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10845926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000707019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016298578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50305545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189719971","doi":"10.3390/membranes11080600","title":"Research and Development Journey and Future Trends of Hollow Fiber Membranes for Purification Applications (1970–2020): A Bibliometric Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia","keywords":"Scopus; Mainstream; China; Bibliometrics; Political science; Engineering; Computer science; Data science; Library science; MEDLINE","score_opus":0.0516776697822232,"score_gpt":0.3332065268796938,"score_spread":0.2815288570974706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189719971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98353654,0.007206923,0.0010725734,0.003451108,0.000047137095,0.00062358275,0.000041779207,0.000111396614,0.003908942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9653187,0.0057793795,0.020336196,0.00004206181,0.00008889537,0.00060162455,0.00015871295,0.000025752403,0.0076486687],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824584,0.00007428697,0.00038096384,0.00052731606,0.0005041368,0.00026744857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896485,0.0002566381,0.00013336231,0.00042378492,0.00012507904,0.000096288146],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075754686,0.00014793537,0.00029720392,0.009332594,0.00032659437,0.00009791525,0.00023062825,0.00014427122,0.001232847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008833659,0.00013348427,0.000058472357,0.061179735,0.00029560708,0.00021633084,0.00016829815,0.00013049657,0.000029382996],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000108430286,0.00050952064,0.023659812,0.0010519616,0.00060467026,0.000008185601,0.001852463,0.00073859905,0.09151828,0.0005872218,0.0026102646,0.8767506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079395383,0.00008039164,0.17867133,0.000010780218,0.00018945159,0.000027734892,0.0016966203,0.0005349398,0.26053673,0.00048557948,0.55662197,0.00035054242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028813774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87640005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042882137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034948913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189758937","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102016","title":"Simultaneous removal of silica and TOC from steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) produced water using iron-hydroxide-coated walnut shell filter media","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydroxide; Dispersion (optics); Chemistry; Filter (signal processing); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011308497426175125,"score_gpt":0.2216291406510758,"score_spread":0.21032064322490068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189758937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99867004,0.00014404209,0.00064698,0.00016347272,0.00014681512,0.000119305136,0.0000066394764,0.00005235162,0.000050349743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947607,0.000015469683,0.005021432,0.000018069264,0.00005861588,0.0000020375385,0.000010644828,0.000028629534,0.00008441258],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982768,0.000038560192,0.0006185727,0.00029360765,0.0004431545,0.00032927727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993175,0.00008164621,0.00016771384,0.00024786277,0.00008436392,0.00010085877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030856926,0.00022245086,0.00040420273,0.00010189237,0.000054675435,0.000049474074,0.00026719176,0.00013336347,0.00022562957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029174084,0.00014909843,0.000070384514,0.00016007325,0.00008355937,0.0004112937,0.0002081966,0.0003059613,0.000008480825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000364938,0.000047556146,0.00025065115,0.00010010212,0.000029694378,0.0004064906,0.0014877238,0.10280923,0.89396524,5.803287e-7,0.000005327299,0.00086090167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004390888,0.00005147423,0.00051224243,0.000095160285,0.00004925094,0.0004506475,0.00017225143,0.029566208,0.9681746,0.00010730278,0.00017570051,0.0002061041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029491706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010625607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07420932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010370449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016482361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60800576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3191342578","doi":"10.3390/w13152123","title":"Treatment of Effluent of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Bioreactor for Water Reuse","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University; University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Effluent; Reverse osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Fouling; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.01939836217850012,"score_gpt":0.24589472802655013,"score_spread":0.22649636584805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3191342578","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998356,0.000019571266,0.000037451868,0.0007451694,0.00007070416,0.00022648515,0.000026213409,0.000031560143,0.00048684434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99499834,0.000029053183,0.002806792,0.000028226385,0.000009186769,0.000039965496,0.00007094257,0.000009697209,0.0020078102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999242,0.00001896138,0.00021838071,0.00020476742,0.0001183771,0.0001975162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938595,0.000015748805,0.00003283385,0.000526267,0.0000131736415,0.00002599727],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005220645,0.000101694735,0.00018180322,0.000027285287,0.000024222876,0.000006790157,0.0001600877,0.00006487837,0.001907178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014624046,0.000054063938,0.00008134306,0.00004302142,0.00010363452,0.000069093694,0.00012583227,0.000017506643,0.00020020893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032785647,0.00015157006,0.002505471,0.000016951386,0.000020628242,0.0000040648133,0.0008144194,0.00007656242,0.99477285,0.000018862562,0.000791238,0.00079458335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048941403,0.0002975837,0.0014147869,0.0000035407645,0.000018277377,0.0000026020982,0.000052256928,0.000039800692,0.9701684,0.00028066497,0.027157338,0.00007533612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006343001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003826313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026366102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006759766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003928615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3191989513","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24278","title":"Layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of polyethersulphone microfiltration membranes for dye removal and flux recovery improvement","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Microfiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Attenuated total reflection; Filtration (mathematics); Contact angle; Chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Layer (electronics); Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.008765408979357615,"score_gpt":0.1989994029594356,"score_spread":0.19023399398007798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3191989513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99715734,0.0006879317,0.00070301525,0.0011161866,0.00011349266,0.000088460045,0.000011342041,0.000010737753,0.000111523026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957089,0.000025938914,0.004014441,0.00008837918,0.00003751831,0.0000030038739,0.0000033808521,0.000012071419,0.00010636438],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999314,0.000008426602,0.0002689501,0.00009768646,0.00013186666,0.00017904879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995274,0.000081298786,0.00011345115,0.0001228735,0.000030667634,0.0001243107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023662015,0.000091796624,0.0001516779,0.000037614445,0.000041878386,0.000029408677,0.00016548613,0.00007649465,0.00008294021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018156358,0.00007613825,0.000056651657,0.00012470571,0.000054476615,0.00011850394,0.00002120713,0.00013506423,0.0000017205277],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008952941,0.0000054479333,0.000020446463,0.00003133574,0.000027023576,0.000005406278,0.0001210263,0.0013621029,0.9958439,0.000028785715,0.0009587339,0.0015868783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024127892,0.000043703916,0.000031003092,0.000020234502,0.000021141843,0.00009880371,0.000042440628,0.0013802156,0.9946963,0.00009918168,0.003244309,0.00008138022],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039076305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019474847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033114257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001626033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009347034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31048274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194630720","doi":"10.3390/membranes11090649","title":"Fouling Behavior in a High-Rate Anaerobic Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince of Songkla University; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Bioreactor; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Adsorption; Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Biofilm; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021899078249364008,"score_gpt":0.2558369028362048,"score_spread":0.2339378245868408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194630720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968642,0.000383955,0.000035602305,0.0008605317,0.0004350138,0.0005894753,0.00006539456,0.00027784496,0.00048796507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99071926,0.00091826636,0.00308067,0.00019210063,0.000060738887,0.0010275102,0.00016509865,0.000060690672,0.003775653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972463,0.0001524834,0.0006304766,0.00091844704,0.00033703976,0.0007152131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870765,0.0001939141,0.0001754116,0.0007437782,0.000032361873,0.0001468537],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036717393,0.00044755626,0.00058274844,0.00016960017,0.000190079,0.00007795512,0.00036989956,0.0002465352,0.0015719616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021437005,0.00039713478,0.00021185588,0.00073154515,0.00019052195,0.00028381182,0.00014985033,0.00015757416,0.00031271175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012819708,0.00062726863,0.01241345,0.00011213798,0.000039137012,0.0001504947,0.00035187832,0.0019995186,0.9687162,0.000108493754,0.00013104558,0.015222199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025762494,0.00023842332,0.038269788,0.000036097324,0.00009438458,0.000020563384,0.00021934483,0.00049611216,0.94655,0.00010510893,0.010860556,0.0005333391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013614215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004421144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025856337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004715546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005402345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194740298","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2021.131987","title":"Electrically conductive inorganic membranes: A review on principles, characteristics and applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; University of Regina","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Electrical conductor; Filtration (mathematics); Electrochemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Electrode; Waste management; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.027490791718688148,"score_gpt":0.26982882064176145,"score_spread":0.2423380289230733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194740298","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000007932647,0.99753463,0.0015235255,0.000052129548,0.000053290885,0.00046965582,0.000009707162,0.00009596935,0.00025313094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000044570697,0.997279,0.0021849975,0.00008765461,0.00011925948,0.00012868708,0.000041702286,0.000044897086,0.00010933102],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836165,0.00003476362,0.0006550045,0.00038728668,0.00028465543,0.00027663042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896145,0.00017671465,0.0003235419,0.00034033717,0.000022052656,0.00017591067],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022245037,0.00035903568,0.0011065124,0.00007033754,0.00006391732,0.00006223051,0.00040835218,0.00026772972,0.00044071677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007134377,0.0002947186,0.00018498242,0.00051658374,0.00007440525,0.000072531795,0.00020062039,0.0012453374,0.0001329525],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013441712,0.00008859996,0.0000011131766,0.021241894,0.00013992464,0.00005022472,0.000011742493,0.000029145502,0.0017900901,0.00051385275,0.0012865406,0.9748455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000052669147,0.000016865197,9.290625e-7,0.0100509375,0.00021798057,0.0009890863,9.683729e-7,0.00004040046,0.0003448434,0.0000082959905,0.98797077,0.0003062722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.5710096e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1716547e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9866842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036340283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007083565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197234202","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132092","title":"Superhydrophobic modification of electrospun nanofibrous Si@PVDF membranes for desalination application in vacuum membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Ministry of Education, India; Indian Institute of Technology Mandi; Mitacs","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Silanization; Contact angle; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Materials science; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Nanofiber; Surface modification; Permeation; Surface energy; Desalination; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01169708896160589,"score_gpt":0.24891915214631982,"score_spread":0.23722206318471392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197234202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9583143,0.00024406066,0.037966825,0.0004754622,0.000051390078,0.00069885177,0.000010547557,0.000119238255,0.0021193298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98848575,0.00011993043,0.010363114,0.000035170324,0.000018148576,0.00020995004,0.00020867474,0.000022666827,0.00053659844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986052,0.00003589923,0.0004306605,0.0004509928,0.00025405225,0.00022322962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991964,0.000087128115,0.000190625,0.00043162765,0.000060700957,0.00003351068],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020856026,0.00015776086,0.00022757448,0.000023066783,0.000071528004,0.000020622445,0.00019583886,0.0001774817,0.00028554726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000128374,0.00016841402,0.00006550294,0.00065376144,0.00009908917,0.00026619117,0.000053562755,0.00007801417,0.000052131567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037013353,0.00010162075,0.0055537703,0.00015075854,0.0000055541036,5.6687526e-7,0.0001480024,0.0046520424,0.98058623,0.00090494973,0.000083979765,0.0077755274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005224992,0.000035277422,0.008958425,0.00001350162,0.000013420075,0.000004863027,0.00012087738,0.03638318,0.9490252,0.0031520976,0.0015989929,0.00017165788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093474286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024325655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03173114,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022271152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032891756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6867724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197728459","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-63591-6_50","title":"Contaminant Removal in Ceramic Water Filters by Bacterial Biofilms","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer proceedings in mathematics & statistics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilm; Bacteria; Filter (signal processing); Ceramic; Porosity; Water treatment; Porous medium; Environmental engineering; Biomass (ecology); Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biology; Engineering; Composite material; Ecology","score_opus":0.013036050849599232,"score_gpt":0.22569749804493552,"score_spread":0.2126614471953363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197728459","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20029852,0.00027715613,0.005386511,0.0004502844,0.0014352755,0.003384193,0.0010154042,0.000531018,0.7872216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.020316344,0.0015044305,0.41709659,0.0002019013,0.00016285716,0.00017794382,0.00064639346,0.0004941984,0.55939937],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99700344,0.000007059109,0.0010456102,0.00073219574,0.0006150119,0.000596708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910396,0.000088661,0.00036490362,0.00032525882,0.000038818267,0.00007838986],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047199987,0.00056125206,0.0007496268,0.00020248501,0.000061646024,0.00015394599,0.0005577086,0.00051233673,0.0039757304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019928097,0.0005033881,0.00006651663,0.000073936724,0.00035284844,0.00016728613,0.00060728483,0.0007040196,0.0005660619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000113980226,0.00067016826,0.00076393137,0.0032469374,0.00015551323,0.00149882,0.009430792,0.000060732487,0.55050087,0.37067574,0.049337517,0.013544987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034781033,0.0004951805,0.00039251207,0.0031930958,0.00025897782,0.0003311916,0.0014551549,0.0053481944,0.22132105,0.36373886,0.39460054,0.0053871386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051038376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013732597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41171008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005624838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026146712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201795512","doi":"10.1016/j.cis.2021.102524","title":"Surface characterization of thin-film composite membranes using contact angle technique: Review of quantification strategies and applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advances in Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Contact angle; Wetting; Membrane; Materials science; Surface energy; Surface roughness; Permeation; Characterization (materials science); Thin-film composite membrane; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Desalination; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.03194607008674725,"score_gpt":0.3538308092799308,"score_spread":0.32188473919318356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201795512","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0022407596,0.9896536,0.0061123283,0.000012036967,0.00004900215,0.0014155085,0.000036272657,0.000025375994,0.00045510696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.014237913,0.98267746,0.0029398648,0.000008673552,0.0000033355814,0.000078392564,0.000019133106,0.000009502472,0.000025723646],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981627,0.000096758136,0.00073046895,0.0005439406,0.0003029582,0.00016318809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986078,0.000105270265,0.0007928459,0.00039196736,0.00006680116,0.00003531316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007133575,0.00021837973,0.0008562251,0.00012440541,0.000106362786,0.000059561484,0.00046144472,0.0000987643,0.000042296626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008415014,0.0001877616,0.00004908411,0.0015363304,0.0010922756,0.0014714296,0.00028385135,0.00015286154,0.0000016403981],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036893753,0.00006958819,0.00007500001,0.04153473,0.0000074869236,3.5520134e-7,0.000084258114,0.00044464547,0.8326144,0.0013059147,0.0000024629887,0.12385745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002136118,0.00020279047,0.00011450141,0.12511079,0.00022067655,0.00008990613,0.0007269793,0.0019446025,0.44387633,0.00030969447,0.42621973,0.0009703992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028750757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011903522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42621726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092628994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013381729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7656696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201861526","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113872","title":"Performance evaluation of whey flux in dead-end and cross-flow modes via convolutional neural networks","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Whey protein; Filtration (mathematics); Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biological system; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Statistics","score_opus":0.014726201920939219,"score_gpt":0.24766674957703297,"score_spread":0.23294054765609376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201861526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663097,0.00048540696,0.00068973226,0.00009441143,0.00008725256,0.0001648731,0.0000030519673,0.000004688548,0.0018395891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996838,0.00042589192,0.0024227581,0.00005198035,0.000016800546,0.0000071731597,0.0000072789917,0.0000074903737,0.00022265961],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983129,0.00008775545,0.00048524115,0.00018609797,0.0007607496,0.00016723869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948806,0.000020069667,0.00027737365,0.00016077232,0.000008925686,0.00004482311],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077557244,0.00011853031,0.00017213618,0.000075423726,0.000057371326,0.000020713569,0.00016035694,0.00005461371,0.0024271847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013400363,0.00011363824,0.00004946563,0.000105753985,0.00026534643,0.0004385617,0.0002782113,0.00014759188,0.000016049426],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044612407,0.00016238604,0.17308973,0.000014594053,0.000029444973,0.000018489574,0.00005634722,0.7452365,0.009795771,0.000025793703,0.0000873643,0.07143895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007260444,0.00006570066,0.5544624,0.000014496078,0.000031978212,0.000033761742,0.00013021691,0.44164425,0.0025590658,0.00018153404,0.00007688803,0.00007367684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004003513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010341343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38137266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032725962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055322985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99848473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207742775","doi":"10.1002/advs.202102493","title":"2D Material Nanofiltration Membranes: From Fundamental Understandings to Rational Design","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Zhengzhou University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Permeation; Rational design; Materials science; Ion; Ionic bonding; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06856509605837252,"score_gpt":0.3315269260768032,"score_spread":0.26296183001843065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207742775","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014408719,0.91182506,0.07076685,0.00033688673,0.0039055282,0.004948784,0.00047735657,0.00083244004,0.005466245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008713783,0.9094844,0.08797401,0.00023934945,0.00009993783,0.0003246858,0.00026222834,0.00005031696,0.00069371477],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964237,0.000120302466,0.00059011666,0.00126148,0.0010986112,0.0005057769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862856,0.0002114338,0.00031221632,0.00063836377,0.00002687278,0.00018255397],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005543996,0.00041437932,0.0007429636,0.00018541327,0.00053020485,0.000362624,0.0011752166,0.00017824206,0.0037004899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031914545,0.00037140094,0.00012956488,0.0018069638,0.00087591424,0.0011906576,0.00051560515,0.00018324304,0.001142129],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003481278,0.00011797723,0.0000061228484,0.0004979323,0.00003734363,0.000040868923,0.0005043165,0.0037742648,0.10196338,0.0023500184,0.0018716201,0.88880134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021927714,0.00014218692,0.000009026592,0.0015715599,0.000094378825,0.000036315505,0.00036765353,0.000112489775,0.03588291,0.0013477567,0.95922494,0.0009914837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037506827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002613849,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95735335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012689255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034431103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208578224","doi":"10.1680/jsuin.21.00008","title":"Fabrication of Joule heating coating layers by way of flame spraying for membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface Innovations","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Joule heating; Materials science; Coating; Membrane distillation; Distilled water; Layer (electronics); Joule (programming language); Distillation; Fabrication; Resistive touchscreen; Heating element; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Membrane; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Efficient energy use; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.02305293375476084,"score_gpt":0.27522531498316877,"score_spread":0.2521723812284079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3208578224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9449308,0.00002848143,0.050107766,0.0005711677,0.00006497516,0.00026616262,0.000061368504,0.00006113377,0.0039081713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.961588,0.0000057637026,0.037825376,0.000029725272,0.00000678652,0.000014640607,0.00015734979,0.000011057801,0.00036128593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988894,0.000030515062,0.0005103189,0.0002063959,0.00022624237,0.00013713671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989595,0.0002134324,0.00038459577,0.00024568752,0.00018164639,0.0000151541335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003416872,0.000087224704,0.00015909698,0.000041902786,0.0001361028,0.000013783928,0.00011585245,0.00006845583,0.00022980764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010827975,0.000095762225,0.000034937297,0.001147489,0.00011109965,0.00023488219,0.00006599092,0.000072827876,0.0000082536235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035574335,0.000031979733,0.021239365,0.000040394425,0.0000074372374,4.316113e-8,0.00022815978,0.02508059,0.9484408,0.0021655124,0.00089117175,0.0018709796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002037279,0.000024209861,0.0046397,0.000020223635,0.0000095973455,6.9345845e-7,0.00077128864,0.01580216,0.9767417,0.0006935172,0.0009914468,0.00010175316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011140601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036608362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028300872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007080043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025732052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.390507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209491392","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.162","title":"Hydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic porous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) membranes with photo-Fenton self-cleaning ability for efficient oil/water separation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Sonication; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.006956118938544267,"score_gpt":0.2375021348603799,"score_spread":0.23054601592183566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209491392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981467,0.00021667736,0.00022075736,0.0005466096,0.00012937273,0.00015897448,0.0000014717434,0.000028789556,0.00055066304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984369,0.00013068112,0.0011424619,0.000083533596,0.000015425001,0.000007149287,4.1649713e-7,0.000008900418,0.00017449333],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833626,0.000047522357,0.00039077515,0.0003877432,0.00050840573,0.0003293181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993318,0.00006650956,0.00015915788,0.00019653092,0.000120273675,0.00012576306],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00089453324,0.00016981403,0.00025663635,0.0001413336,0.00028376086,0.00018577544,0.00024019837,0.00005752746,0.00005472384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000841112,0.00011077259,0.00004100493,0.00041745752,0.0007218728,0.00045202297,0.00015043482,0.00015729708,0.00000270097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009002919,0.00006399079,0.001542322,0.00004234105,0.0000101673395,0.0000032507442,0.0011096342,0.0048598773,0.9920353,0.000008558578,0.0000106238085,0.00022390299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006722782,0.0005213414,0.0013376129,0.000050194678,0.000034045068,0.0003303591,0.00088037655,0.010439872,0.9849802,0.00025569153,0.00033220617,0.00016579921],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003399187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006699454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0070550786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015461804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007102646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45171753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210029589","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665878.v1","title":"Design, Construction and Evaluation of an Experimental Ceramic Membrane Facility With Investigation into Fouling Control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane bioreactor; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04180585537387872,"score_gpt":0.28438758744457937,"score_spread":0.24258173207070066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210029589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9596421,0.00008983233,0.038651515,0.00007669139,0.00007274888,0.001118281,0.000005030223,0.00011135663,0.00023245819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93580294,0.000010705842,0.06392812,0.00002652835,0.0000060746174,0.00012313992,0.00008693426,0.0000076205442,0.000007924805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997785,0.0004288336,0.0003599629,0.00060831546,0.0006976711,0.000120267614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910766,0.000049048533,0.0002846087,0.00042364857,0.00007389206,0.000061128376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010570572,0.00021433798,0.0002834655,0.00006344764,0.00008852882,0.00007024683,0.00014550336,0.00024116637,0.0008361113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089431815,0.00019207323,0.000025700572,0.000121044286,0.00065834087,0.0004046274,0.00020205045,0.0002120702,0.000004979286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066884895,0.00004714939,0.0027686425,0.000051938052,0.00003007037,7.112902e-7,0.0016285612,0.17487048,0.80723435,0.000025777797,0.0000028728157,0.013272602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007930619,0.00012377369,0.0019770241,0.000028172124,0.00006987766,0.0000106717125,0.0024176883,0.16222036,0.83102393,0.0011419547,7.758828e-7,0.0001926917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00086953165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026206698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025276601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002925881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010073651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91548324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211251586","doi":"","title":"Emerging Materials Congress 2019: Advances in membrane technology for paving the way for water sustainability- Amira Abdelrasoul, University of Saskatchewan","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nanosciences Current Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Sustainable development; Water scarcity; Business; Natural resource economics; Environmental economics; Environmental planning; Engineering; Water resources; Environmental science; Economics; Political science; Ecology","score_opus":0.035701484397984824,"score_gpt":0.3524932741546472,"score_spread":0.3167917897566624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211251586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811888,0.0005588097,0.0017455989,0.01531868,0.00029149116,0.0008469002,0.000016215086,0.000013834829,0.000019699704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985804,0.0005641639,0.0007154194,0.000009664346,0.000029829307,0.000008301267,0.0000012396494,0.000005119973,0.000085870204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979248,0.00017999166,0.00044853945,0.0002776229,0.00067453535,0.0004945156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887395,0.00034642188,0.00026586448,0.00018349264,0.00026177222,0.00006847302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003667007,0.00010272208,0.00028427134,0.0002618345,0.00032514016,0.000043688076,0.0013841139,0.0000747193,0.00015336652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001225944,0.00006212321,0.00007520863,0.00088288996,0.0015110468,0.0006391125,0.00041406447,0.0002926738,0.000003892626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005572489,0.00019162943,0.01027281,0.0004476911,0.000011322659,0.000008360872,0.0059186,0.0031221465,0.9118526,0.0005719206,0.0016790582,0.06536659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088871096,0.00088466716,0.00060908473,0.00008195414,0.000011129702,0.0000060276443,0.04470116,0.0008587779,0.8641968,0.0066333776,0.08097481,0.00015355446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058202753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001299761,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.079295754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017652567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012591922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5567515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212176282","doi":"10.3390/su132212584","title":"Examination of Extracellular Polymer (EPS) Extraction Methods for Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) Biomass","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Government of Ontario","keywords":"Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Bioreactor; Volatile suspended solids; Chromatography; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Polysaccharide; Membrane fouling; Sonication; Membrane; Fouling; Biochemistry; Wastewater; Biofilm; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.018233980999045867,"score_gpt":0.3317266040865104,"score_spread":0.3134926230874645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212176282","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91293174,0.00032790768,0.08447976,0.00071210176,0.00016327167,0.0007505047,0.000011913488,0.0001444085,0.00047839887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94760793,0.000015450594,0.050250627,0.000013979651,0.000016182232,0.00010744276,0.000039947427,0.000017431757,0.0019310187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980067,0.00040231328,0.00046992413,0.0005601615,0.00023962783,0.00032127043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983589,0.00040561098,0.00023969442,0.0006986643,0.00023150948,0.000065591164],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016422225,0.00018050062,0.00026939408,0.000089988236,0.00011981572,0.000025065363,0.0002221198,0.00020997175,0.0011685824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002491163,0.00017959188,0.00014000163,0.0006821116,0.00036667197,0.0004193814,0.0001406573,0.00011875834,0.000010758314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029219422,0.00021355138,0.0013263618,0.0001809689,0.000012436768,0.0000032694345,0.0002018114,0.00003583303,0.9199599,0.0016240367,0.000051836538,0.07636075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002842125,0.00007982791,0.03939269,0.0000037438685,0.000028743609,0.0000051116704,0.00088664604,0.00083109335,0.9504216,0.003854273,0.004037588,0.00017451453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022980446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000055268752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07618623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007259173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011058769,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212397177","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120077","title":"The use of anti-scalants in gypsum scaling mitigation: Comparison with membrane surface modification and efficiency in combined reverse osmosis and membrane distillation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Gypsum; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Membrane distillation; Polyamide; Scaling; Chemical engineering; Surface modification; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03219361887035471,"score_gpt":0.27067869278748313,"score_spread":0.23848507391712842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212397177","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997677,0.00015927656,0.00031834494,0.0014300924,0.00008600959,0.0002184959,0.0000030062492,0.000010965922,0.00009679861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99576855,0.00067761575,0.0034758388,0.000031920936,0.0000056067584,0.0000016602468,0.0000016566152,0.000007314328,0.000029835031],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974642,0.00016144548,0.0008282081,0.00035685074,0.00090644485,0.00028285242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838376,0.00046481364,0.00063964725,0.00030681692,0.0001053203,0.00009962201],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019409393,0.0001578346,0.00037449514,0.00017607931,0.00023915642,0.00014709434,0.00034454782,0.00007403812,0.000016780477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00082732626,0.00011309381,0.000028759527,0.0017951942,0.0014023157,0.0011357039,0.00013744802,0.0002675109,0.0000016602476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014156115,0.00014306568,0.16152602,0.00004743432,0.000007031504,0.000018091385,0.00093929464,0.13525759,0.69948685,0.00019694201,0.00001793039,0.0022182092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015816804,0.00016008125,0.29194716,0.00026105234,0.00002425287,0.00012577554,0.0011671847,0.12249436,0.5817485,0.00011847573,0.00015197854,0.00021950544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011680574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026478284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13042113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012068989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010342612,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51668906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212433224","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102443","title":"A photo-Fenton graphene oxide membrane with improved perm-selectivity and self-cleaning ability for efficient dye removal under visible light irradiation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Graphene; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Selectivity; Membrane permeability; Chromatography; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Environmental science","score_opus":0.005070247535418266,"score_gpt":0.20422107553609,"score_spread":0.19915082800067174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212433224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97172743,0.0000677087,0.027603362,0.00022424101,0.00005635992,0.00019554698,0.0000011585278,0.0000742324,0.00004998503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884888,0.0000177939,0.011396191,0.000019908783,0.00002315677,0.000013535783,0.0000013572569,0.000019891722,0.000019394542],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989331,0.000016471688,0.00029563118,0.0002402806,0.0002597327,0.00025477982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955285,0.000036839414,0.000129017,0.00012949029,0.000077220364,0.00007457557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044099215,0.0001532841,0.00022219616,0.00008763028,0.000088980014,0.00006795846,0.000117511154,0.0000689542,0.000028061544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006903365,0.00010919895,0.00005086148,0.00023652044,0.000024720817,0.00033864795,0.000047257527,0.00017606406,8.0352555e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047086985,0.00007181646,0.000415365,0.00014047377,0.000030783685,0.00000790426,0.0005466306,0.23143674,0.7670685,0.00001067498,0.000002088965,0.00022191842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006266625,0.00013081153,0.0039064777,0.000037457397,0.00003635287,0.00023446238,0.0001392556,0.123367146,0.8711404,0.00010304921,0.00012560381,0.00015229353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009228565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012868871,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.108069606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016866604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026498932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44530037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W35219824","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121604","title":"Water Requirements for Manufacturing [with Discussion]","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Population; Census; Annual growth %; Population growth; Gross domestic product; Agricultural economics; Economics; Geography; Demography; Economic growth","score_opus":0.04839377737195641,"score_gpt":0.3536939240067715,"score_spread":0.3053001466348151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W35219824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90921134,0.000008945733,0.055842366,0.03219032,0.001269886,0.00022037736,0.000017131892,0.000040321476,0.0011993375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943201,0.000041562846,0.003475611,0.00024379037,0.000109299355,0.0000038407197,0.0000010564804,0.0000088441075,0.0017959247],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908376,0.000012246678,0.00024408837,0.000086192005,0.00044191277,0.00013181893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964595,0.00003583451,0.00015439086,0.00006905153,0.00004565795,0.000049133767],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021289283,0.0000737004,0.00007423318,0.000057722293,0.000032679796,0.000022630229,0.00041849472,0.000025453635,0.0013564368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030302277,0.000022165237,0.000047677757,0.000015366968,0.00007940754,0.00037086772,0.000101190344,0.000057690962,0.00008024475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036980893,0.00007517198,0.0059973453,0.000003969975,0.00012244169,0.000033654615,0.00016179681,0.00048810762,0.8023943,0.000058910577,0.001788128,0.18850638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010100583,0.000055745008,0.0004211016,0.000024523639,0.0000126916575,0.000047753892,0.000023158926,0.00005134691,0.8349966,0.0011481764,0.16214995,0.000058943602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.243714e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016483464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18844743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015472769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006636795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W363739990","doi":"","title":"Osmotic membrane pressure actuator","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"81","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Permeation; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Osmotic pressure; Differential scanning calorimetry; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Ceramic membrane; Membrane technology; Thermogravimetric analysis; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Polymer; Monomer; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013825039164690021,"score_gpt":0.24054716989452316,"score_spread":0.22672213072983313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W363739990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50358105,0.00030845866,0.0000142790095,0.000051760635,0.00091373624,0.0005776941,0.000017447339,0.0005425374,0.49399304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6771185,0.0001328949,0.00095491635,0.00008777829,0.00005119292,0.00008500975,0.0003232312,0.000056971232,0.32118955],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988544,0.00002300638,0.00020703944,0.00038701884,0.0003064834,0.00022202483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924684,0.000020593545,0.00016396864,0.0005074084,0.000007653004,0.000053552856],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008224216,0.00022262686,0.00021332403,0.00005362099,0.000078016405,0.000024116962,0.00049593236,0.00038045284,0.026108654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008920562,0.0002027128,0.000069432666,0.0001420447,0.0000668078,0.00014024376,0.000060599552,0.00025951932,0.006320996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00059820164,0.00094911776,0.0056469007,0.0020101685,0.0006967111,0.00013242563,0.014222802,0.00051088544,0.4220251,0.00521395,0.37066877,0.17732495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047311076,0.00015730085,0.036191724,0.00010960997,0.00030586106,0.00000923236,0.00072152505,0.00012722782,0.61301905,0.0044774245,0.3432247,0.0011832376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014296573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039967077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19099393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030906747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015785577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9944527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W41530216","doi":"10.2175/106143005x72858","title":"Parameters Governing Permeate Flux in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Low‐Strength Municipal Wastewaters: A Literature Review","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Membrane; Permeation; Bioreactor; Membrane reactor; Sparging; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06640152430231983,"score_gpt":0.34823811691504275,"score_spread":0.2818365926127229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W41530216","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03637251,0.9590167,0.0000014700647,0.000111674606,0.0000603131,0.0030469492,0.00011183333,0.00015167768,0.0011269043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006462833,0.9902268,0.0009394207,0.000036342393,0.000055830373,0.0009174365,0.0027436176,0.00015301013,0.004281269],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99090004,0.0019541236,0.0014677187,0.0019483339,0.0018335484,0.0018962213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970643,0.00021355992,0.00030062074,0.0021309291,0.000010137241,0.00028043194],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00263882,0.0010490675,0.0019633998,0.00060225977,0.00029873848,0.00032626785,0.0018914733,0.0007582294,0.0031194182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009686174,0.00070057664,0.00044044675,0.00094812014,0.0008020526,0.0007527333,0.0015604976,0.0023570524,0.003962561],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053769243,0.0013366963,0.0005967182,0.058807675,0.00018027257,0.0010889214,0.0026311316,0.0012221299,0.0075639603,0.000008978739,0.0028666437,0.9236431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046268434,0.00037047075,0.000049945036,0.04167394,0.00017995549,0.000064506734,0.000115278715,0.00020000606,0.0031903908,0.00001571812,0.95242494,0.0012521751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056351785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018082072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94955826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019771862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030498555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200066952","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130171","title":"Recent advances on cellulose-based nanofiltration membranes and their applications in drinking water purification: A review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":162,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Cellulose; Desalination; Membrane technology; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03583580015577116,"score_gpt":0.296877509052507,"score_spread":0.26104170889673584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200066952","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008168463,0.99663675,0.00017506068,0.0015479269,0.00022425348,0.0009710437,0.0000010584935,0.000024685145,0.00033753458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00010694909,0.9988629,0.00039165653,0.00007227709,0.00015242287,0.00011404492,0.00005380671,0.00002232204,0.00022362171],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978656,0.00022339134,0.0010017927,0.00041974743,0.00033102505,0.00015840396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99854803,0.00007162684,0.00087025174,0.00040260045,0.00006568365,0.00004178239],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010161293,0.00027129377,0.00083797105,0.00020116773,0.00008754034,0.00004328899,0.00024384807,0.00014717024,0.0003201246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016029632,0.00016356245,0.00013260289,0.00046145267,0.00010605637,0.00037341163,0.000039757804,0.00040293552,0.000030519124],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039934075,0.000081704835,0.000004753572,0.0043167644,0.0000106264,0.0000018428028,0.00004576202,0.00027114982,0.0003036811,0.00001380648,0.00040425223,0.99454165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006314063,0.000058621135,0.000003369498,0.007864327,0.00009518252,0.000087909415,0.000043432257,0.0000032200892,0.016872594,0.00008186111,0.97465473,0.00017159202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011155607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011658601,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99437004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024403667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005139687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6669883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200118466","doi":"10.18280/mmep.080609","title":"Modeling and Investigation of Multistage Flash-Mixing Brine in Aqaba City, Jordan","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Environmental science; Volumetric flow rate; Boiler feedwater; Mixing (physics); Environmental engineering; Petroleum engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Boiler (water heating)","score_opus":0.02854127103158942,"score_gpt":0.21495685315524077,"score_spread":0.18641558212365134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200118466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.645523,0.00007962067,0.35410318,0.000048880574,0.0000068969407,0.00006165176,4.940237e-7,0.000043187272,0.00013306878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9000584,0.000072023984,0.09978795,0.000004762453,0.000003198446,0.000009282787,0.0000017016556,0.0000103008,0.000052385596],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923617,0.000009628255,0.0002793122,0.00020059975,0.00012755423,0.00014673139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997424,0.000055248,0.000026573087,0.00012062601,0.0000072612934,0.00004790147],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024015112,0.00010038198,0.00017270407,0.00005073385,0.000026242717,0.000025467458,0.00005262676,0.00006452191,0.00002214998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007048505,0.00010008436,0.000014584812,0.00015887119,0.000052091265,0.00011489752,0.000116301664,0.00012927652,0.0000036497051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.665565e-7,0.000010365044,0.00042490524,0.00025243734,0.0000026245946,0.000001951979,0.0005918457,0.9749848,0.021424277,0.0020535435,6.4263776e-7,0.00025182395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013557782,0.000009357194,0.000054170276,0.00018610802,0.0000042666484,0.000009837621,0.00003632381,0.9681125,0.011284418,0.020061463,0.000005046757,0.0001008964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004467641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011444243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25453538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020157846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003328693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40813217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200213848","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120168","title":"Thermodynamic limits of using fertilizer to produce clean fertigation solution from wastewater via forward osmosis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Michigan Space Grant Consortium; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fertigation; Fertilizer; Wastewater; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis; Osmosis; Environmental engineering; Desalination; Irrigation; Reverse osmosis plant; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane; Agronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.025612145691322207,"score_gpt":0.26884835461152784,"score_spread":0.24323620892020564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200213848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99058956,0.00003509106,0.007371781,0.0011960586,0.00032115803,0.00014326512,0.0000027607093,0.000019147332,0.00032118737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810719,0.000015911344,0.018676035,0.00011156123,0.000032626904,0.000001500797,9.072349e-7,0.000010271006,0.00007927484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975708,0.000077285105,0.00060585525,0.00035948306,0.0010863,0.00030024667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878806,0.000047722384,0.00044331292,0.00041044658,0.00017174387,0.00013870317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010138708,0.00013861308,0.00026507094,0.00017365649,0.00017497416,0.000058464146,0.0006413143,0.00006813094,0.00042479383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005465965,0.00011270214,0.00009232793,0.0011990916,0.0004149382,0.0010108027,0.00022618198,0.00016650865,0.000045884448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049957616,0.000056362325,0.001442044,0.0000069676203,0.0000072345374,0.000005826085,0.0004290099,0.0073407693,0.98250955,0.000007294405,0.000030171586,0.008114835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021777338,0.00008844825,0.023049336,0.00006591328,0.000024952262,0.000043004464,0.0002477911,0.01740293,0.95817167,0.00052498357,0.00003963809,0.00012353546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009743649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000068774345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024337834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029216512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012661096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46511945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200332473","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114339","title":"Exploring the limitations of forward osmosis for direct hydroponic fertigation: Impact of ion transfer and fertilizer composition on effective dilution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Fundación Bancaria Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona; Generalitat de Catalunya; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Fertigation; Forward osmosis; Dilution; Fertilizer; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Membrane","score_opus":0.04456526271399292,"score_gpt":0.2502942883333644,"score_spread":0.2057290256193715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200332473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962026,0.00008797354,0.0023301085,0.00030338077,0.00007186496,0.00045716282,0.000013131855,0.000005457784,0.000528343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825495,0.0009830617,0.00063304533,0.000022483006,0.000011250277,0.00004902343,0.0000062518743,0.000008374387,0.000031557556],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990305,0.00007966774,0.00035234247,0.00013526093,0.0002996342,0.00010264152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994617,0.00018069899,0.00017190685,0.00014827501,0.0000070035985,0.000030392606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002480151,0.000106701096,0.00017870724,0.00006624783,0.0000919065,0.000010996569,0.00010032496,0.000025338939,0.000060972405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021606902,0.00007646895,0.00017357334,0.00012114568,0.00014974615,0.00028614246,0.0000588089,0.00007324927,0.0000033853812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00072798826,0.000755771,0.005097819,0.000074302596,0.00048493806,0.0000063606212,0.0010582701,0.051194124,0.8292016,0.00049733266,0.00015346354,0.11074802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008276393,0.0009658877,0.57794785,0.000068330046,0.00016254668,0.000007532124,0.0005499841,0.0005282846,0.41813833,0.00052402087,0.000192111,0.0000874743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004522175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003221046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57285005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002822883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029164391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31183133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200357603","doi":"10.3390/membranes11120958","title":"Membrane Distillation: Pre-Treatment Effects on Fouling Dynamics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Distillation; Entrainment (biomusicology); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Desalination; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009819918897512629,"score_gpt":0.24548522438962467,"score_spread":0.23566530549211204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200357603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9641145,0.000117674936,0.0005063373,0.0020160547,0.00038189083,0.00036581585,0.000009681216,0.0004463034,0.032041762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899079,0.00016502525,0.0011537632,0.00023078601,0.000073555064,0.000057876754,0.00006267876,0.000025143978,0.008323224],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985582,0.0000786924,0.00022658838,0.0004959123,0.00035270434,0.00028786267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990056,0.0002613742,0.00007888706,0.0005654064,0.000012336845,0.00007640851],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009255423,0.00023718116,0.00024408312,0.000041290503,0.00019402662,0.00006118113,0.00018572606,0.000120691635,0.0014562072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001707906,0.0002017929,0.00009208139,0.00034423335,0.00010047154,0.00015291327,0.00010961605,0.0000989882,0.00097561826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032999594,0.0011935093,0.042908654,0.0007374635,0.0002725245,0.0010016187,0.0020142582,0.15254945,0.3758044,0.010274913,0.0018652884,0.41104794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007409554,0.00018927197,0.010544949,0.0000456797,0.00004076899,0.000042132495,0.00010041081,0.015636362,0.95074326,0.00069613307,0.020842556,0.000377543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057642825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043745988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57493883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033698068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017378496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200512025","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2021.117954","title":"Nanobubble-assisted scaling inhibition in membrane distillation for the treatment of high-salinity brine","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee; National Institute for Health and Care Research; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Brine; Scaling; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Volumetric flow rate; Salinity; Wetting; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Desalination; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09419714964958124,"score_gpt":0.3536670720691061,"score_spread":0.2594699224195248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200512025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99661475,0.00003723446,0.00038283467,0.0020402106,0.000038219758,0.00048254337,0.000010683842,0.000024080293,0.0003694638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99814636,0.00012588769,0.00054236565,0.0000077825225,0.000016563778,0.00012243941,0.000067147426,0.000007672202,0.0009637758],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987959,0.00014153146,0.0002221041,0.00022989872,0.00035930253,0.000251252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947196,0.0001439984,0.000025274054,0.00029289367,0.00004275908,0.000023090357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006792465,0.00006761529,0.000119412114,0.00006291728,0.00013909308,0.000028934704,0.000082368235,0.000059400234,0.0005620532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011655527,0.00003966565,0.00003723782,0.00033558352,0.00020147201,0.00008672059,0.00009820749,0.000074114265,0.0000684625],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011389378,0.00030395042,0.0030529134,0.00003226805,0.000011780092,0.000012560999,0.0007403687,0.0041145845,0.9695738,0.00026753425,0.00010215097,0.021674195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006237588,0.000119736585,0.017652733,0.000011191805,0.000003926582,0.000003029452,0.00015305282,0.0019637737,0.9753191,0.0014397978,0.0026606568,0.000049245813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013924289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014317072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021624949,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021371512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012108145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6154088},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200532463","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114272","title":"Treatment try of simulated agricultural surface runoff pollution by using a novel biomass concentrator reactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Surface runoff; Effluent; Pollution; Nonpoint source pollution; Environmental science; Pollutant; Degradation (telecommunications); Environmental engineering; Nitrogen; Biomass (ecology); Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Agronomy; Ecology; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.012893437556014091,"score_gpt":0.22551122217007266,"score_spread":0.21261778461405856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200532463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978978,0.000349207,0.00043022647,0.00021920196,0.0001543341,0.0002297854,0.0000614613,0.000015645159,0.00064234453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99504876,0.00031931736,0.0038676874,0.00003886345,0.00001642261,8.704619e-7,0.00001534007,0.000012707155,0.0006800481],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983553,0.00005172728,0.00059626414,0.00023920576,0.0005200045,0.00023747266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990888,0.00002024273,0.0005638477,0.00022832339,0.000006268866,0.00009246619],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010401123,0.00020970669,0.0002854566,0.000037024558,0.00006526621,0.000023969613,0.00020092711,0.000083319974,0.001040922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008834942,0.00016425354,0.00015273712,0.00020126489,0.00017021969,0.00030566775,0.00017530721,0.000088121495,0.000029485998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043821998,0.0007223647,0.0039213626,0.000012885639,0.0001578537,0.000039841172,0.00008437403,0.009232113,0.98438287,0.00002228605,0.00033010336,0.0010501195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029145475,0.00047725928,0.055445146,0.000046301026,0.0002891949,0.00013528293,0.0020587842,0.0011536045,0.9286953,0.000027306289,0.008431735,0.00032549334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000314968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000203364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055687528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010651455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009029287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205168031","doi":"10.3390/polym14010197","title":"Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; International Atomic Energy Agency","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Copolymer; Materials science; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.039791589850089897,"score_gpt":0.3134288622160963,"score_spread":0.2736372723660064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205168031","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003529591,0.9943669,0.00008688979,0.00005671173,0.00043991092,0.0010636667,0.000032523174,0.00025326794,0.0033472043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009199694,0.99600846,0.000041047824,0.00006002581,0.000033250442,0.0005295444,0.0010057089,0.000080731304,0.0013212884],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996947,0.00040856597,0.00085629226,0.00075784675,0.0005738548,0.00045645674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99856853,0.00014914828,0.0007140898,0.00048619814,0.0000018135847,0.000080227706],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031469038,0.0004774733,0.0008958914,0.00041139722,0.00020236532,0.00005296451,0.0005959183,0.0003576668,0.008761508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011349234,0.00049899897,0.00024949398,0.0018993635,0.00012311358,0.0003889395,0.00026228526,0.00047831074,0.00024901447],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003822343,0.000058533762,0.000024976951,0.0005135106,0.00002291367,0.000002841818,0.00008919051,0.000021860233,0.0006442652,0.000017056664,0.000225466,0.99837554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029551078,0.00008826161,0.000008331794,0.0002859988,0.0001566543,0.000013774398,0.00013862204,0.00009916906,0.0026700331,0.00003165583,0.9955608,0.0006511482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069304055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034024953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9977244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006292808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008746907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205268299","doi":"10.3390/membranes12010059","title":"The Effect of Ceramic Membranes’ Structure on the Oil and Ions Removal in Pre-Treatment of the Desalter Unit Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mullite; Membrane; Wastewater; Microfiltration; Effluent; Materials science; Zeolite; Ceramic membrane; Salt (chemistry); Fouling; Ceramic; Nuclear chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Chemistry; Waste management; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.009359522038801334,"score_gpt":0.2345505153375451,"score_spread":0.22519099329874376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205268299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99551034,0.0003747487,1.9985055e-7,0.0022846274,0.000102432816,0.00020125559,0.000011400032,0.000018905715,0.0014960874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99711967,0.0003797629,0.000019639701,0.00004044619,0.000010355221,0.000025359706,0.0000025863421,0.00001092611,0.0023912375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986991,0.00035719838,0.00024345437,0.00023267222,0.00027589683,0.00019164445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857336,0.0006187791,0.0001038289,0.0006765234,0.0000082706265,0.000019206058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021423669,0.00017039447,0.00020944387,0.000024493002,0.00018599785,0.000026282125,0.00033679782,0.00008219689,0.00028803482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013019647,0.000067382585,0.00007058306,0.00030214543,0.0005200359,0.00005434434,0.00015889115,0.00011834839,0.000008684101],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022087022,0.00008585076,0.027213383,0.0001890031,0.00006839714,0.000019981637,0.0022689295,0.0071087037,0.9377646,0.000481864,0.000077205455,0.024501199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045367522,0.00015457638,0.020612057,0.000037035894,0.000025110703,0.000035237495,0.000185119,0.00029909547,0.97440714,0.00033531827,0.0033761745,0.00007948913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001857342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010148997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0366425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042862564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012936606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31537792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205642101","doi":"10.1039/d1ta09221a","title":"Demystifying constructive strategies on designing functionalized lamellar Nb<sub>2</sub>CT<sub><i>x</i></sub> nanosheet membrane architectures under confined space","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanosheet; Lamellar structure; Membrane; Ion; Constructive; Materials science; Space (punctuation); Permeation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013133008657751537,"score_gpt":0.22442487132527972,"score_spread":0.21129186266752817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205642101","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99619514,0.000072886294,0.0005908044,0.00063845515,0.00041871637,0.00022089177,0.00006285151,0.00009074551,0.0017095043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987919,0.000056390567,0.0006882249,0.00019477951,0.00013896091,0.00003310509,0.000019317768,0.00003416498,0.000043195112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99717677,0.00028706316,0.0007881782,0.0004080597,0.0009324175,0.00040749196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981692,0.0002986446,0.001056321,0.00030336544,0.000046303,0.00012616307],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008962757,0.0003671466,0.0005698996,0.00008930381,0.0004379785,0.00017510391,0.0004987046,0.00011592375,0.0034960161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024271963,0.0003439857,0.00014530776,0.00025875945,0.00041701546,0.00019559893,0.0002784789,0.00053056434,0.00003736634],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00066878425,0.00006969827,0.000023237842,0.00007203636,0.00009550305,0.0001144113,0.00012039405,0.06926494,0.928621,0.00009340498,0.00059345935,0.0002631408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012672475,0.00015100716,0.00013828542,0.00006474704,0.000063704756,0.0012593007,0.0017295425,0.000022385912,0.99154085,0.0028937885,0.0005259654,0.00034315116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008910171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023020339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06924256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034131913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015786516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205996045","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102540","title":"A mathematical model for the kinetics of concurrent volatile solids destruction and water evaporation during aerobic and anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge under mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mesophile; Chemistry; Evaporation; Wastewater; Volatile suspended solids; Anaerobic digestion; Aerobic digestion; Kinetics; Suspended solids; Total dissolved solids; Anaerobic exercise; Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Methane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011754313068120744,"score_gpt":0.22243553080156242,"score_spread":0.21068121773344167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205996045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99276346,0.00015135432,0.0066686096,0.00018817198,0.000031427386,0.00018481999,0.0000020503667,0.000008840482,0.0000012621178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999306,0.000029213053,0.0006052806,0.0000034102773,0.000011486015,0.000018562907,0.000001736845,0.000010965739,0.000013293942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992928,0.000012936709,0.00031292785,0.00009703847,0.00017633993,0.00010797407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997566,0.00002352754,0.000102577,0.00006865292,0.000024598663,0.000024071776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001892908,0.00009601399,0.00015673132,0.000071298855,0.000072397925,0.00002016114,0.00008015404,0.000032617318,0.000017161678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000144063315,0.000053111584,0.000022482789,0.00004382613,0.00007688948,0.00019454093,0.00009365931,0.00011993612,6.881023e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001977664,0.000012351639,0.00010705208,0.00014623816,0.00001175195,2.5877864e-7,0.0013832491,0.30079207,0.6974007,0.00004771167,0.0000010159359,0.00007784313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031950854,0.00012606947,0.0010447318,0.000025649868,0.000035141707,0.000111750094,0.00021701858,0.22931156,0.7670617,0.0016787979,0.0000015887655,0.00006649625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010247791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.6248274e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071480505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027611915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029343503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21658275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206114114","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24364","title":"Valorization of soybean oil residue through advanced technology of graphene oxide modified membranes for tocopherol recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Tannic acid; Chemistry; Tocopherol; Soybean oil; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Graphene; Zeta potential; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Vitamin E; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Food science; Antioxidant; Biochemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.009785837683920601,"score_gpt":0.20188141872133755,"score_spread":0.19209558103741695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206114114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995273,0.00021298525,0.0031989615,0.0008365373,0.00011523419,0.00012311891,0.0000167398,0.000019356143,0.00020404799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943038,0.000009030345,0.0055774227,0.000030382867,0.000012199533,0.00002339374,0.000002295031,0.0000139313415,0.000027529648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915355,0.00001217425,0.00037545076,0.00009164743,0.00018694637,0.00018023956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938774,0.000087680986,0.00025241871,0.00018750207,0.000030145824,0.00005449859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002381468,0.00008830222,0.00020649227,0.00012184571,0.00006705615,0.0000047512312,0.00047062713,0.00006437039,0.000088368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033389626,0.000077872835,0.00007885163,0.00044824855,0.0001349174,0.00011616427,0.00004655157,0.00020880139,3.7539382e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003164348,0.0000054388775,0.000036009667,0.000033715438,0.000016294602,0.0000014795636,0.00009169265,0.34805155,0.65005916,0.00083819596,0.0000845268,0.00075031805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034947734,0.000091688096,0.000020107695,0.000019930865,0.000017479877,0.00002707459,0.00008422954,0.0020297887,0.99223006,0.0041732225,0.00087048864,0.00008644244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049533683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016233338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34602174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018028937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007417277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3175562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206543317","doi":"10.1039/d1an02232f","title":"Super-assembly of freestanding graphene oxide-aramid fiber membrane with T-mode subnanochannels for sensitive ion transport","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","keywords":"Graphene; Aramid; Membrane; Materials science; Oxide; Nanofiber; Lamellar structure; Electrospinning; Fiber; Chemical engineering; Selectivity; Divalent; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Catalysis","score_opus":0.013904615199626382,"score_gpt":0.23592683551407564,"score_spread":0.22202222031444926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206543317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99377507,0.000018620678,0.0034874307,0.0004454669,0.000025547566,0.00041270294,0.000083082916,0.000072117546,0.0016799867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99856037,0.000012763848,0.0006585188,0.000071962226,0.000008388429,0.00007923998,0.000042656564,0.000017427345,0.00054867566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987347,0.00006995902,0.00024864293,0.00028439765,0.00042501447,0.000237298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929124,0.0001192309,0.00014054743,0.00039935313,0.000017813842,0.00003183602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004649428,0.00014402205,0.00024505492,0.00008209721,0.00034095172,0.000008194677,0.0003417585,0.00003567432,0.00050730305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013126842,0.00010039652,0.00011268409,0.00063496723,0.00023660896,0.00013028606,0.00008288675,0.000121116725,0.000013196862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032157823,0.00006903527,0.0017799645,0.000021310398,0.00011540577,0.0000113201395,0.0015141545,0.10621187,0.88852465,0.00086945255,0.0002510965,0.0003101859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052047713,0.00028654904,0.001983183,0.000009795382,0.00014219628,0.000020666093,0.0028926886,0.0034290254,0.9890794,0.0006104042,0.0008159413,0.00020964904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088191783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005847483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.102782845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090054455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012820204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5554613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206594356","doi":"10.1680/jenes.21.00003","title":"Kinetic studies for the remediation of some pollutants from real wastewater onto carbon nanotube","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Pollutant; Sorption; Adsorption; Carbon nanotube; Environmental remediation; Diffusion; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Contamination; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Ecology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.011506969758007236,"score_gpt":0.21579369409310203,"score_spread":0.2042867243350948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206594356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986857,0.0006916448,0.000037649563,0.00018295401,0.0002660799,0.00009596968,0.000015417494,0.0000060631596,0.000018515018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985883,0.00045888356,0.0008538152,0.000016080769,0.000026452173,0.000006859809,2.436302e-7,0.000004828816,0.00004451163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990216,0.000011255094,0.0002426002,0.00012214175,0.00047065018,0.00013175879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957675,0.000106933985,0.00016131003,0.000118631055,0.0000025444933,0.000033845812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004457792,0.00007275309,0.00012419894,0.00005772796,0.00015269665,0.0000099436475,0.00028595535,0.000014111147,0.000052982283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007609067,0.00005032221,0.000030539646,0.00011017349,0.00032260665,0.00018547318,0.00023196667,0.00009420005,4.522765e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015700378,0.000017025028,0.0010636799,0.0000028317393,0.000010686734,0.0000011491101,0.0007920224,0.0627856,0.93366534,0.000020753534,0.000015087145,0.0016101506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012892372,0.0012446914,0.29284072,0.000035414625,0.00010178585,0.00007659249,0.006921563,0.10093154,0.5935105,0.0008542652,0.0018215207,0.0003721675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028280241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019736387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3401548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020396095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000766932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20520803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206982942","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_1","title":"Introduction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Membrane; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Applications of nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006956398732952024,"score_gpt":0.21894553793510993,"score_spread":0.2119891392021579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206982942","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06680226,0.007512301,0.007242902,0.15092011,0.0033773747,0.002412104,0.000027699378,0.0025418454,0.75916344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87603986,0.0026957607,0.0142632965,0.0012687085,0.00045146226,0.000092544724,0.000030162446,0.00010982951,0.10504838],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978637,0.000006991745,0.00026260962,0.001020967,0.00047167944,0.00037402599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990643,0.000044552224,0.00012445867,0.0006723463,0.000050408,0.000043921824],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032576366,0.00025869772,0.00030986374,0.0006509496,0.0001876685,0.000046838122,0.00057752215,0.00079244736,0.0018610546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008944284,0.00023826904,0.000026296748,0.0010506602,0.0040685954,0.00017231883,0.00073609885,0.0007034888,0.00019340636],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008617861,0.000034003217,0.0010657882,0.000026400056,0.00000847339,0.000074931144,0.00007395258,0.00016470913,0.19394262,0.091333255,0.0018792026,0.71138805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021333208,0.00016159638,0.00018209266,0.00005806081,0.000016759564,0.00019530827,0.000014995459,0.00018086305,0.3324701,0.28814694,0.377756,0.0006039536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018023962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035632798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8092376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029011694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008239007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4207038619","doi":"10.2166/wst.2022.024","title":"Evaluation of process condition impact on copper and lead ions removal from water using goethite incorporated nanocomposite ultrafiltration adsorptive membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Response surface methodology; Copper; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Goethite; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Polyacrylonitrile; Chemistry; Metal; Ferrous; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Adsorption; Chromatography; Metallurgy; Polymer","score_opus":0.028653742594041933,"score_gpt":0.3069520189247405,"score_spread":0.2782982763306986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4207038619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99757445,0.000020150075,0.0002494161,0.000797698,0.00010956599,0.00063011737,0.00003702006,0.00018086747,0.00040071024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99916124,0.0000030916574,0.0005804648,0.00005444812,0.00000619266,0.00009263857,0.000064209264,0.000011912072,0.000025786665],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677765,0.00021629079,0.00040172032,0.0007111336,0.0014925862,0.00040064123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990647,0.000029876708,0.0001968716,0.00048635917,0.00017713846,0.000045087334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002093799,0.00020540219,0.00024766906,0.0007650795,0.0006926796,0.000056189197,0.00065905426,0.00014413675,0.0007566382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001256304,0.00013562122,0.000037586353,0.0014096382,0.001950971,0.0008707566,0.0004210034,0.00029536817,0.00005467356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038348047,0.000060176328,0.0022896065,0.0000024939536,0.000008132931,0.0000029804517,0.00135023,0.08632755,0.90835077,0.00006077487,0.000007601848,0.0015013422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042043446,0.0003347379,0.0010736472,0.000008373029,0.000041982614,0.00006865221,0.0009208857,0.055102196,0.9251275,0.016685335,0.000035028163,0.00018123054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002531088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036821584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031225355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000654769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091478345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82846576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4207083802","doi":"10.3390/membranes12020129","title":"Flux Increase Occurring When an Ultrafiltration Membrane Is Flipped from a Normal to an Inverted Position—Experiments and Theory","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Backwashing; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Chemistry; Chromatography; RADIUS; Mechanics; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mathematics; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.015907824117298314,"score_gpt":0.25029894366375494,"score_spread":0.2343911195464566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4207083802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996415,0.000053982174,0.00018627984,0.000328561,0.000111738074,0.0004794,0.0001275706,0.00035213382,0.0019453153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99387014,0.0000045711936,0.0016191984,0.0035237574,0.000039460632,0.00018503214,0.00028609546,0.000028500497,0.00044325483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978487,0.00035659707,0.00030704803,0.0006519695,0.0005229127,0.0003127789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902946,0.0000714586,0.00009537537,0.0005591289,0.000010216621,0.00023438847],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042593642,0.00024298017,0.00021811508,0.0001272914,0.00062359986,0.000115707764,0.0004915323,0.000078547964,0.017519739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005431323,0.00025532235,0.000037115053,0.00028624744,0.00013893482,0.0009499294,0.00032818585,0.0001895142,0.00018741206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003263248,0.00024169122,0.0038214887,0.000011756597,0.000024126279,0.000014690991,0.011072845,0.0016719548,0.97768176,0.00022787086,0.00071363687,0.0041918624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011716131,0.00057970633,0.008498168,0.000010770833,0.00004805111,0.000043597403,0.0055459086,0.008816767,0.96657103,0.0025296086,0.005533183,0.00065156637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024389327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002719107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017332327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012315344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001752274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210327375","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10305","title":"Aqueous Self-Assembly of Hydrophobic Molecules Influenced by the Molecular Geometry","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Perylene; Aqueous solution; Self-assembly; Molecule; Diimide; Chemistry; Steric effects; Hydrophobic effect; Solvent; Crystallography; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00350860095438664,"score_gpt":0.21402030595513408,"score_spread":0.21051170500074742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210327375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978171,0.00016912384,0.000049564886,0.00047476668,0.000012988305,0.0000627019,0.000004983972,0.000018303888,0.0013904724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99969894,0.000012117036,0.000050536924,0.00011365043,0.000018411778,0.000004449667,7.587237e-7,0.000008871258,0.000092239134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878234,0.00008764122,0.00025008898,0.00009075229,0.000641492,0.00014770085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911135,0.00013477962,0.0003784841,0.00032236933,0.000015175509,0.00003780818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031515333,0.00010562829,0.00016344737,0.000010446497,0.00014179508,0.000009419904,0.0010209348,0.000025821719,0.000229189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051525585,0.000062274405,0.0001109979,0.00034459337,0.00022322609,0.00005978987,0.00037776187,0.0004322567,0.00001088206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023142324,0.00012268759,0.00002104548,0.000006994847,0.000025225492,0.0000065674644,0.00023746061,0.01582091,0.98247683,0.000013637364,0.00093109993,0.00031438732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015673599,0.00010931781,0.00006914216,0.000003148202,0.000038375907,0.0000821411,0.0003132076,0.0015786728,0.99602425,0.0005948545,0.00095772796,0.00007240248],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017212655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0684063e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014242236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010649339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020652235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25394768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210385215","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.029","title":"Influence of MBBR carrier geometrical properties and biofilm thickness restraint on biofilm properties, effluent particle size distribution, settling velocity distribution, and settling behaviour","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Biofilm; Particle-size distribution; Particle (ecology); Effluent; Particle size; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Geology","score_opus":0.021531213666005786,"score_gpt":0.22883531661026882,"score_spread":0.20730410294426305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210385215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982516,0.00038950457,0.000021026752,0.00085280114,0.000050464736,0.00022919352,0.0001786187,0.00001750341,0.000009283402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99957734,0.00013448765,0.00015255014,0.00007199948,0.000013152859,0.000014499546,0.0000047392764,0.0000067902965,0.000024436478],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973901,0.00016387577,0.0006146661,0.00036196233,0.0011372818,0.00033212494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910116,0.00011044069,0.00046478558,0.00016324072,0.000012055512,0.00014831552],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001423045,0.00018627562,0.00026611346,0.000046543366,0.0008205111,0.00006935826,0.00041296482,0.000064299886,0.00016131847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042735008,0.0001374948,0.000055280314,0.00054261077,0.0022153463,0.000496761,0.0005573378,0.00035247466,0.0000031190025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015735319,0.0003960743,0.55390304,0.000024061359,0.00002199254,0.00001879339,0.0010143288,0.05982933,0.38191202,0.000107960026,0.00013985527,0.002475193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063461304,0.0013944764,0.81783926,0.00005133058,0.000039878578,0.0002105348,0.0029881336,0.0016338878,0.17424256,0.00016098298,0.0005151185,0.00028923756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009715363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042897445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26393622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040032904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000415605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8162536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210405272","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4001158","title":"Pervaporation-Assisted Desalination of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Brine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Desalination; Seawater; Pervaporation; Osmotic power; Geothermal desalination; Environmental science; Fresh water; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Chemistry; Geology; Oceanography; Permeation","score_opus":0.010034152248362184,"score_gpt":0.22782756954830347,"score_spread":0.21779341729994128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210405272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99388194,0.00015632974,0.0022207736,0.0018144281,0.0000915764,0.00013189873,0.0000025669797,0.000050867322,0.0016496045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99589276,0.0002391355,0.00039584702,0.000081595004,0.000016507869,0.000013924044,0.000010794787,0.0000104123665,0.0033390282],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839705,0.000113460264,0.00027481047,0.00015028384,0.00043801876,0.0006264005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995456,0.000017135771,0.00022903935,0.00016338027,0.00001859472,0.000026286607],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012203869,0.00008434922,0.000108109016,0.000078996156,0.0003021542,0.000014366872,0.00029247906,0.00003141942,0.002215916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053714353,0.00007957812,0.000062704705,0.0003543555,0.00006920756,0.00024101944,0.00015023933,0.0007038273,0.000054841406],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005153623,0.0012755338,0.19985858,0.00004557555,0.0004240098,0.000029551786,0.0021918607,0.048605975,0.41684902,0.10151831,0.019463923,0.20922232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063524805,0.004924358,0.13530676,0.0000285693,0.00029426464,0.0037714087,0.023052815,0.0087532895,0.15986586,0.5290191,0.12678172,0.0018493634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019561253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042506005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42750078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012772278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017853631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210473977","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2022.101627","title":"Methods for stability assessment of electrically conductive membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MethodsX","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Glutaraldehyde; Chemical engineering; Passivation; Microfiltration; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cellulose triacetate; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer","score_opus":0.07691314656300938,"score_gpt":0.43631434545621695,"score_spread":0.35940119889320754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210473977","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12256584,0.00007615892,0.868656,0.00041787483,0.00016755189,0.0008935177,0.000025229283,0.00011570574,0.0070821615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13976203,0.0000048860497,0.8594696,0.00008241737,0.0000043686337,0.00043597264,0.0000052036385,0.000010616813,0.00022489323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974766,0.0013269302,0.00032931432,0.0003726131,0.00027583825,0.0002186986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798244,0.001359254,0.00019109611,0.0004100736,0.000021267188,0.000035842953],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0046969005,0.000113871545,0.00028540785,0.00005596126,0.00019873494,0.00000699564,0.00040933816,0.00004420869,0.00405977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092796696,0.00010657398,0.00010317898,0.0005049862,0.00025052117,0.000098239914,0.00036843488,0.00019117554,0.0000025657246],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004280194,0.0001515162,0.0016966306,0.000028524219,0.000023990244,3.3347956e-7,0.00034634207,0.0019288193,0.8969445,0.0033208898,0.00023019066,0.09528546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036661915,0.00046119167,0.004782018,6.923645e-7,0.000030730364,0.0000039972847,0.00056853116,0.013070848,0.9061662,0.037998285,0.036363013,0.00018787515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006628332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003317393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09509759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026495708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003933816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99685067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210971772","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_6","title":"Membrane Applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Membrane; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Business; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008543064284161827,"score_gpt":0.23148880276739833,"score_spread":0.2229457384832365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210971772","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009006073,0.0046994817,0.013410471,0.02195796,0.00049625325,0.002722808,0.000041562125,0.0016026568,0.94606274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.902614,0.0039348793,0.02064233,0.0017265673,0.0001190788,0.0005135529,0.00004087533,0.00012871217,0.07028001],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771076,0.000006587521,0.00030824682,0.0010396481,0.00051269063,0.00042203374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988087,0.000088686764,0.00014148661,0.0008416713,0.00005593317,0.0000635624],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028834364,0.00029579413,0.0003598551,0.0006563536,0.00025321197,0.000051107603,0.000886379,0.0008562191,0.0011156382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038396943,0.00027582175,0.00003387601,0.0013054996,0.0046126014,0.00014135458,0.00088288204,0.0007062697,0.00021945202],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052341343,0.000047943686,0.0009028062,0.000044681034,0.000010371663,0.000058573278,0.000060484133,0.000132258,0.1954191,0.14572082,0.00021087601,0.65738684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027246596,0.00010628108,0.000103490376,0.00008894912,0.000024685307,0.00015265835,0.000016453454,0.00019094702,0.36773297,0.28684005,0.3437233,0.0007477555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002115463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045555524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8936079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023929513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011595998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211001808","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_2","title":"Membrane Preparation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry","score_opus":0.008984277199233101,"score_gpt":0.23904358461309205,"score_spread":0.23005930741385894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211001808","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09181237,0.0034349232,0.0037613492,0.017583279,0.0010653039,0.0021827652,0.000025996638,0.0016231308,0.8785109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9628663,0.0011397068,0.0052611623,0.0005463547,0.000044026125,0.000060594954,0.000016700365,0.000047877315,0.030017246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975456,0.000010144499,0.00034313765,0.001072254,0.00060294766,0.00042592766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889433,0.00008086829,0.00016680943,0.0007404858,0.000060178565,0.000057323865],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037697054,0.00031696798,0.00038324035,0.000658728,0.0002192025,0.00006376645,0.00069928396,0.00095494644,0.0011870979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079541415,0.0002932153,0.000034409954,0.0010500309,0.0036351944,0.0002304052,0.00077124254,0.00065121875,0.00016232197],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029692472,0.00006821721,0.0016165322,0.00006589936,0.000017675271,0.00015923186,0.00023730283,0.0005331608,0.470768,0.09403426,0.00050765235,0.43196237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003493695,0.0002664196,0.00014946399,0.00013851299,0.000025417261,0.00017517115,0.000015487582,0.0006997003,0.722244,0.18185496,0.09327895,0.00080253143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027894392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007817898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87105393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002792211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012289693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211056601","doi":"10.1007/978-1-59745-029-4_7","title":"Membrane Filtration","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Humana Press eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Raw water; Water supply; Business; Consumption (sociology); Population; Natural resource economics; Resource (disambiguation); Raw material; Human life; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Economics; Ecology; Environmental health","score_opus":0.04443328382076834,"score_gpt":0.2408960898717012,"score_spread":0.19646280605093286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211056601","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000066028144,0.00026425856,0.00015622943,0.000016969581,0.00012863387,0.00046165762,0.000021322461,0.00045123103,0.99843365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0060068863,0.0000951995,0.0002489571,0.000095592644,0.000107725115,0.0000426528,0.00008203725,0.000061730316,0.9932592],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983908,0.000013676085,0.00036952534,0.0005221816,0.0004651632,0.00023868668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998949,0.000028577817,0.0002532767,0.0007124007,0.000009905369,0.000046862282],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009595539,0.0003457762,0.00028056948,0.00006503509,0.00014453131,0.000065815344,0.0004623975,0.00041659988,0.0046042255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008430763,0.0003473942,0.0001104352,0.000004798678,0.0003597948,0.000090141875,0.0002392097,0.0003284975,0.00096690067],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024583558,0.000025858146,0.0000016515918,0.00010567035,0.000068376066,0.000064668224,0.00017197887,0.0012175554,0.0034037011,0.6175849,0.30171782,0.07561322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014892145,0.00003742062,0.00001713424,0.00003218166,0.000043526637,0.0000053826284,0.000001396433,0.0001040512,0.014530378,0.009219751,0.9754431,0.00041672686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032213598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034026406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6737253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011361183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008155271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211121665","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_4","title":"Membrane Modification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Hydrophilization; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Nanofiber; Electrospinning; Nanomaterials; Grafting; Polymer chemistry; Polymerization; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.013395352686819895,"score_gpt":0.24119485059867732,"score_spread":0.2277994979118574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211121665","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.081657305,0.0046444656,0.007900451,0.03502751,0.0011532857,0.0023828247,0.0000375522,0.0019761343,0.8652205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97172135,0.00133852,0.005168864,0.0004747937,0.000033450844,0.00005402787,0.000015753425,0.000044368135,0.021148881],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976492,0.000008781381,0.00032175222,0.001041182,0.0005689246,0.00041016622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988503,0.000076472075,0.00016137194,0.0007953141,0.000060264694,0.00005626766],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000359501,0.00029718183,0.0003554147,0.0006953711,0.00020943872,0.000054329834,0.00079160597,0.00092021696,0.0009030832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007480705,0.0002756016,0.00003180003,0.0011015917,0.0039411783,0.00018362876,0.0006819716,0.0006746042,0.00016576456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000087934295,0.00004133302,0.0008448628,0.000037590242,0.000008679357,0.00006805942,0.00010026447,0.0002904623,0.42130503,0.096982844,0.00018377721,0.48012832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032398128,0.0001393373,0.00025086748,0.0001235085,0.000023240942,0.0001339313,0.00001874798,0.000914118,0.6967303,0.230855,0.069703974,0.00078300026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030580126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037007732,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89006406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028241184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010552396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211149911","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-64183-2_3","title":"Membrane Characterization","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in nanoscale science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Contact angle; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.008167414376544342,"score_gpt":0.21878817857316615,"score_spread":0.21062076419662182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211149911","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29004052,0.0024047508,0.012145069,0.042789903,0.002252799,0.0033902908,0.00009937072,0.0028530578,0.64402425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.955603,0.0020332115,0.0035954085,0.0010660192,0.00006719037,0.00006312449,0.00006950197,0.00007493932,0.037427608],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99776506,0.0000086833525,0.00031829372,0.0009654057,0.0005324165,0.00041012993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902713,0.000054370837,0.00017178213,0.0006356229,0.00005627453,0.000054800348],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029858435,0.0003047739,0.00037419086,0.00069206906,0.00019957195,0.000061139326,0.0006709799,0.0009019659,0.0013007419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060163124,0.00028418624,0.00002969898,0.0011070599,0.0032261598,0.00022534719,0.0007503111,0.000623571,0.00013902603],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004662742,0.000018341667,0.0007009142,0.00002062971,0.0000044123085,0.00005095128,0.000048293427,0.000027917333,0.71797365,0.020107953,0.000022259954,0.26101997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003249552,0.00015299463,0.00064433663,0.00016076707,0.0000220266,0.00015218805,0.00000974783,0.0005074004,0.8268107,0.0678026,0.102604404,0.00080785266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014746119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024188745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66556245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023254463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000099260156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211205896","doi":"10.1002/wer.1385","title":"Membrane processes","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Jacobs (Canada); Suez (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Membrane bioreactor; Waste management; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Fouling; Chemistry","score_opus":0.13224907089766297,"score_gpt":0.37671993281254895,"score_spread":0.24447086191488598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211205896","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000016357419,0.98193747,0.00002480548,0.00050010654,0.00004750107,0.0017741957,0.000019415418,0.00021794149,0.015462197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003529312,0.9891014,0.00032341992,0.000023338016,0.00008491304,0.0007194151,0.00013619575,0.000092264665,0.009483775],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99501187,0.00045824723,0.00059759914,0.0012158797,0.0016965822,0.0010198372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984823,0.00018409871,0.00009251242,0.0010066709,0.0000060686007,0.00022836798],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009895754,0.00050868304,0.0010660893,0.00019284115,0.00028391375,0.00012175252,0.0016202372,0.0004323407,0.024163654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001442125,0.0003164145,0.00019464197,0.0005530596,0.00088831433,0.0002062414,0.0026327476,0.0012424497,0.10656816],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005865251,0.000111097266,0.000007667649,0.007877433,0.000058298407,0.00011979061,0.0002086631,0.000026006132,0.00023479658,0.000019503592,0.007555777,0.9837751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000719126,0.00009244694,6.355607e-7,0.00042266227,0.000055108467,0.000019914118,0.000019632502,0.0000041897647,0.0032599915,0.00010967053,0.9955652,0.00037867465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033755092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005214965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9880094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006693842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005367875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212935718","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2022.100987","title":"Mechanisms involved in anaerobic digestion of desiccated coconut wastewater and related strategies to overcome lipid inhibition — A review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Bioresource Technology Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; Biomass (ecology); Digestion (alchemy); Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Biotechnology; Biology; Environmental science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.023898565851908304,"score_gpt":0.2719618987710533,"score_spread":0.248063332919145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212935718","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.032825444,0.9619409,0.000028399849,0.0003544817,0.00011927404,0.0035494063,0.0000127183985,0.0007278547,0.00044156544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0057200715,0.9917697,0.0012529802,0.000042884614,0.0000033052875,0.0008791812,0.00016409485,0.00006198935,0.000105848834],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99614376,0.00021736795,0.0017796095,0.0010547836,0.0003847255,0.00041977843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99742895,0.00005846224,0.0013319527,0.0010926506,0.000015220748,0.00007277941],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009914532,0.0005320865,0.0017312345,0.0010085461,0.000100764024,0.00002330532,0.00036230593,0.00090759265,0.0008823221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032426388,0.00047350518,0.00016190154,0.0027918878,0.00047981125,0.00016855518,0.0010306782,0.0007471538,0.00004471272],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004357712,0.0006947058,0.00085870526,0.040038224,0.0003220609,0.005114218,0.0007963832,0.00015143787,0.02062976,0.0045954334,0.0031063464,0.92364913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028615486,0.00061929424,0.00011909513,0.021106185,0.00039513258,0.0028880816,0.00052758964,0.0000037932364,0.0019058213,0.011327596,0.9596668,0.0011544421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000092738606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060891332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9565605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041640276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007774867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213122386","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4007835","title":"Modifying Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersibility to Address the Permeability/Selectivity Trade-Off of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Nanocrystal; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Selectivity; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010998352066169411,"score_gpt":0.23426033837670615,"score_spread":0.22326198631053673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213122386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932768,0.00057063706,0.0006404843,0.0037118376,0.00015894201,0.00069853815,0.0000249595,0.00008831141,0.0008294904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998613,0.00022427375,0.00013034021,0.00018190546,0.000031385945,0.0000600355,0.0000041734243,0.000025459212,0.00072941027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955364,0.00071156904,0.0005421239,0.00056626974,0.0009859403,0.0016577244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869204,0.00019469837,0.0003159309,0.00066534796,0.00002022964,0.00011178695],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004067408,0.00027387388,0.00034650057,0.00010476014,0.0011296559,0.000049949143,0.0012767875,0.000080633356,0.0010649442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020301758,0.00021502917,0.00026920933,0.0008742144,0.0004663086,0.0003622147,0.00065464753,0.0021501554,0.000024946261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013715845,0.0014594289,0.03758396,0.000089666944,0.00034159856,0.000016182712,0.01072504,0.09172798,0.82408166,0.0076935766,0.0021294882,0.022779858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005137538,0.0073586786,0.03517226,0.00007692943,0.00056929816,0.0027397543,0.0761726,0.029070286,0.68730694,0.11800428,0.035160787,0.0032306311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00078126765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017962365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13677467,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025783442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038382557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213224091","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120679","title":"Integrating biofouling sensing with fouling mitigation in a two-electrode electrically conductive membrane filtration system","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; China Scholarship Council; McMaster University","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Membrane; Dielectric spectroscopy; Permeation; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Electrode; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.009291311737114573,"score_gpt":0.2571345425916498,"score_spread":0.24784323085453525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213224091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9402409,0.00008672169,0.053829648,0.0022197468,0.000058443595,0.0008044342,0.000004041261,0.00061717356,0.0021388507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823332,0.000016087992,0.01716976,0.000094403076,0.000012283292,0.00019470057,0.00007149447,0.000019159681,0.000088914196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811786,0.00018855245,0.00047923342,0.0005917083,0.00032120425,0.00030144933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920434,0.00007640331,0.00033845752,0.00030032045,0.000043295015,0.00003719863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055993476,0.00019848913,0.00022796018,0.00052256294,0.00055681926,0.000059653652,0.00019046321,0.000114866496,0.00010244037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011874115,0.0001999669,0.000022393151,0.0019643651,0.00019795558,0.00036437123,0.000082534236,0.0005194464,0.000023967737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010699256,0.000057934198,0.0035631384,0.00002028638,0.000013660899,0.000008880799,0.0009691906,0.017886337,0.91224146,0.03729771,0.000045615245,0.027788805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016307264,0.0005973891,0.0012243189,0.000042284082,0.000035641337,0.0004315484,0.014545252,0.4101819,0.5646694,0.0043575233,0.0016326606,0.00065137347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016524931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045525047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39229557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053319335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004912498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8154413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220690830","doi":"10.1039/d2nj00005a","title":"Efficacy of MOF-199 in improvement of permeation, morphological, antifouling and antibacterial characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemistry; Biofouling; Permeation; Membrane; Fluoride; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.010206887193960238,"score_gpt":0.23387270870078536,"score_spread":0.22366582150682512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220690830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994811,0.0000852114,0.00003643143,0.0001294264,0.000067388195,0.000071105016,0.0000137408415,0.000004791437,0.00011081238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908274,0.00015394946,0.00065655337,0.000012020717,0.000035704852,9.108346e-7,0.000004578501,0.0000058841274,0.000047627855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998572,0.000021059399,0.0007966702,0.0001258038,0.0003734753,0.00011102293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987382,0.000070052265,0.0009626723,0.0001586307,0.000026146836,0.000044240558],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034789034,0.00009626653,0.00034743847,0.000046759094,0.000031480784,0.0000069763473,0.00028306677,0.00007476445,0.0011875222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002459523,0.00008901058,0.000060450566,0.00017392036,0.00017369665,0.0001144674,0.00020605589,0.00022839807,3.2244753e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000212734,0.00013479819,0.021439534,0.000077016775,0.000012639788,0.000011468785,0.0001708624,0.000519455,0.9741844,0.0000013342174,0.00005034719,0.0031854273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009944879,0.00015746396,0.061954595,0.00003218925,0.00001711109,0.00006165559,0.00023936747,0.00006291359,0.9362687,0.00005385906,0.00008952569,0.00006815773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004902888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.336014e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04051506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057749916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004531666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220820149","doi":"10.3390/membranes12030302","title":"Evaluation of Nanofiltration Membranes for Pure Lactic Acid Permeability","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Permeance; Lactic acid; Membrane; Chemistry; Fermentation; Yield (engineering); Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry; Permeation; Materials science; Bacteria; Biology","score_opus":0.04106682145625825,"score_gpt":0.2912454428441771,"score_spread":0.25017862138791885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220820149","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99218136,0.0006289182,0.00021264014,0.0008227093,0.00036619228,0.0012398574,0.000042520292,0.00014896873,0.004356823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825966,0.000017091124,0.0005109654,0.00006800936,0.000030312583,0.0007792986,0.0000505592,0.000015969765,0.0002681517],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99742615,0.00034282677,0.00035624948,0.00038999,0.0012730956,0.00021166242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990798,0.00013219994,0.00021761503,0.000459767,0.000077690675,0.00003291359],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029764648,0.00014636577,0.00020718765,0.00007198997,0.00034987504,0.00001817479,0.00035965082,0.00006546714,0.00839293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068363047,0.00014359027,0.000100723126,0.0003688417,0.0001759277,0.000300716,0.0001494468,0.00010676922,0.000038497754],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018714897,0.00038268912,0.0037315607,0.0003659172,0.00004671789,7.839432e-7,0.0015326575,0.038796667,0.9094311,0.00059332984,0.0016086072,0.043322846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011872416,0.00029343506,0.0041475142,0.000004796016,0.00018577112,0.00001642967,0.0014649994,0.03135055,0.94033253,0.008857983,0.011859083,0.00029966177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049911767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000109748704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043023188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026440984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058832324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99251354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220918259","doi":"10.3390/membranes12040385","title":"Effect of Membrane Orientation and Concentration of Draw Solution on the Behavior of Commercial Osmotic Membrane in a Novel Dynamic Forward Osmosis Tests","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Chemistry; Osmosis; Lag; Osmotic pressure; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Reverse osmosis; Biochemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.01085673887585816,"score_gpt":0.26062249175529584,"score_spread":0.24976575287943767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220918259","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99788177,0.00004010486,0.000058825844,0.00029026443,0.000111951325,0.0012232461,0.000047024285,0.000029377663,0.00031746452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99947906,0.00003270787,0.00009907359,0.000032080694,0.0000038280355,0.0002711181,0.000034051263,0.000014111417,0.000033992266],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807507,0.00030062007,0.0005485399,0.00029669373,0.000580888,0.0001981904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986205,0.0005963367,0.00040358913,0.00033495904,0.00001780295,0.000026773063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009871657,0.00017799049,0.00037150737,0.00011580925,0.000142697,0.000008251541,0.0002896432,0.00007413666,0.000409396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024846816,0.00014318524,0.000071857336,0.00061538623,0.0004653792,0.00016798517,0.00016757028,0.00018146221,0.000003290172],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034448598,0.00029807055,0.027185526,0.00021949786,0.00001278047,0.0000014014945,0.0010528006,0.0066307182,0.95862997,0.00033463832,0.000011784109,0.0052783294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015379726,0.0011004691,0.0789894,0.000039408005,0.00008155785,0.000008922483,0.00034755084,0.0060951007,0.9115643,0.000050204002,0.000037180598,0.00014792851],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006006132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002776046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051803876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015314753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026786125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5838925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220931869","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101017","title":"Effect of salinity and surfactant on volatile fatty acids production from kitchen wastewater fermentation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Education, India","keywords":"Fermentation; Wastewater; Pulmonary surfactant; Salinity; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Food science; Volatile fatty acids; Production (economics); Environmental science; Biochemistry; Biology; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Ecology; Economics","score_opus":0.007688109876608131,"score_gpt":0.23265063824373852,"score_spread":0.2249625283671304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220931869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980625,0.000035655074,0.000007900748,0.000542695,0.00015399438,0.00052913616,0.000010360088,0.00038946042,0.0002683112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992958,0.000004650071,0.00033424544,0.000017934515,0.000008686371,0.00011430572,0.000033406697,0.000014808585,0.00017620019],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984588,0.00011618301,0.00036987712,0.0005412615,0.00033230416,0.00018158245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896383,0.00004233444,0.00035073378,0.0006091607,0.0000065226645,0.00002742437],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056194543,0.00016241244,0.00023524112,0.00015653507,0.00020738532,0.000008283724,0.0001596192,0.0001485336,0.0006016049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022683879,0.00014001667,0.000035589856,0.00037809976,0.00039707485,0.00007233427,0.00046587733,0.00026152207,0.000015636644],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008868625,0.000050993607,0.43394992,0.0000072238313,0.000013633986,0.000047806745,0.00015985082,0.0003270941,0.55955803,0.0000060758584,0.00029068644,0.0055000004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018832792,0.00075928733,0.06525858,0.0000065467952,0.000025589807,0.00014087597,0.00022441466,0.0000801143,0.9308465,0.00087468454,0.0014540873,0.00014098096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015073814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000932994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37128848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013340765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006605838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6587151},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220941475","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.1c08722","title":"Principles, Advances, and Perspectives of Anaerobic Digestion of Lipids","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Wageningen University and Research; Enterprise Ireland; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap; Irish Research Council; European Commission; Technische Universiteit Delft; National University of Ireland; Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación; Science Foundation Ireland; Universidade do Minho","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Bioreactor; Biochemical engineering; Sewage treatment; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Waste management; Environmental science; Methanogenesis; Chemistry; Engineering; Methane; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.026318897930261466,"score_gpt":0.2752451764444799,"score_spread":0.24892627851421842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220941475","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00800556,0.98886687,0.000033937205,0.000039473925,0.000088341585,0.0007173624,0.000044862856,0.00012150039,0.0020821022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02100937,0.9767436,0.0018922801,0.0000027824758,0.000005848046,0.00011453233,0.000011753755,0.000022638596,0.00019722429],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972353,0.000063280524,0.0006833563,0.0009486592,0.00066881604,0.0004005913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998209,0.00007095003,0.00083600456,0.00081772,0.0000024126691,0.000063938554],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055035,0.00034676195,0.0009175418,0.0007910922,0.0002565921,0.000009220084,0.001384658,0.00028364552,0.001891685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018570629,0.00031170188,0.000117734024,0.0021170555,0.009546916,0.0003699163,0.0024212028,0.00046444812,0.00003658321],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028632144,0.00014709067,0.0006672226,0.00040451178,0.0000111735835,0.000002745844,0.00015764487,0.000060523853,0.0024068197,0.0019519944,0.0000068743934,0.99418056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010073355,0.00034298553,0.0002901161,0.00020227468,0.000072017174,0.000064206746,0.0012158455,0.000012528576,0.0023657219,0.00027292984,0.99474514,0.00031550752],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017499147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000065944646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9947383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00085990404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059581787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223647048","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2022.03.045","title":"Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus removal, shifts of functional bacteria and fate of resistance genes in bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole stress","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bioretention; Geobacter; Chemistry; Phosphorus; Environmental chemistry; Bacteria; Animal science; Biology; Ecology; Stormwater; Genetics","score_opus":0.019758792013047942,"score_gpt":0.23542776460426235,"score_spread":0.2156689725912144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4223647048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969603,0.002557895,0.0000738903,0.00007549069,0.00010280409,0.00011271276,0.000025632226,0.000003043629,0.00008825516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986022,0.0007675284,0.00054867554,0.000008471452,0.0000067517008,0.0000034368763,0.0000016446584,0.000003999844,0.00005726815],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984883,0.00011595062,0.0004595551,0.00019478622,0.0005944557,0.00014697238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992598,0.000055222667,0.0005476968,0.000091942005,0.0000029469682,0.000042383184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008760433,0.00009377766,0.00019938707,0.00011788479,0.00014884764,0.000020516574,0.00021939285,0.000033547356,0.00034304403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013427133,0.00007987912,0.000035930596,0.00022575608,0.00093651045,0.00033693167,0.0002832863,0.00010207097,7.894002e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008608151,0.00009494941,0.6291144,0.000017333607,0.000009763078,0.000009499779,0.000112073,0.0046067494,0.36413255,0.000103957806,0.000015883292,0.001696784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042544986,0.00028649153,0.9573223,0.00003151765,0.000013273375,0.00007436936,0.0019494168,0.00015133613,0.039006807,0.0005850365,0.00005836773,0.00009564474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048961894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031957537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3282079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012398888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012402104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37560913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223931984","doi":"10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108187","title":"Influence of zwitterionic structure design on mixed matrix membrane stability, hydrophilicity, and fouling resistance: A computational study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Zwitterion; Membrane; Hydrogen bond; Chemistry; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Molecule; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Hydrophobic effect; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.019207100127589517,"score_gpt":0.2464439924943337,"score_spread":0.2272368923667442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4223931984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9557022,0.00023388828,0.04367431,0.00013861353,0.000016205895,0.00021578932,0.0000060540947,0.0000071729137,0.0000058040073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929731,0.00007326908,0.0068845395,0.00005152693,0.0000032594312,0.0000027922265,8.27873e-7,0.000009018969,0.0000016813509],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998479,0.00017684787,0.0004135723,0.00019213531,0.0006269472,0.000111489135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933565,0.00009739027,0.00034548485,0.00013549141,0.00003811761,0.000047880127],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007667544,0.00011239969,0.00021523032,0.00014825522,0.00020208165,0.000024820369,0.00018682366,0.00003739359,0.000016620343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030947307,0.00010395992,0.00004421272,0.00026605392,0.00013973283,0.00009923119,0.00017637965,0.00032150652,7.8120955e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011130386,0.00007182032,0.0011655795,0.000017965878,0.00002450604,0.000021764408,0.0004399457,0.9486457,0.04892508,0.00053207483,0.0000023583088,0.000041878153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026071428,0.0024601624,0.005708653,0.000088361834,0.00015939941,0.00017423146,0.0014033068,0.7848837,0.057156995,0.14480273,0.00004814974,0.0005071749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014931376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006288677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16376203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037941387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021306474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42393628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224230500","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24422","title":"Investigation of micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration ( <scp>MEUF</scp> ) using rhamnolipid for heavy metal removal from desalter effluent","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Imperial Oil (Canada); Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Rhamnolipid; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Critical micelle concentration; Micelle; Effluent; Chromatography; Membrane; Metal; Nuclear chemistry; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01768102732655749,"score_gpt":0.20330141526675224,"score_spread":0.18562038794019475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224230500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99487597,0.00009667336,0.004451154,0.00017894161,0.00018828672,0.00014013036,0.000017134302,0.000012456143,0.000039265557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99101216,9.468661e-7,0.008811113,0.0000645984,0.00006777368,0.0000065110125,0.0000078293915,0.000014622543,0.00001445748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906653,0.000026183352,0.0003508942,0.000106068386,0.0002496134,0.00020071563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993143,0.00017080212,0.00021491009,0.00013547957,0.000022788203,0.00014171159],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003480303,0.0001003102,0.00016398232,0.00007664382,0.000104913466,0.000020740335,0.00031786558,0.00004957266,0.00007677416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033924266,0.00009003944,0.00008252273,0.00020547339,0.000099129735,0.00012773364,0.000029568222,0.0002487452,0.000001480215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004234206,0.0000020175974,0.00006782263,0.000005682671,0.000016498443,0.0000013431655,0.0003913049,0.14837158,0.8508897,0.000034872788,0.00010564853,0.000109302644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020064229,0.000036521913,0.00009625286,0.000013961134,0.000031661864,0.000038259845,0.00007610793,0.025621193,0.97285354,0.00043761334,0.00054726854,0.000046950867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079288124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012210182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12275039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004316561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000106338055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36717018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224311224","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2022.118504","title":"Ammonia recovery from anaerobic digester centrate using onsite pilot scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled to membrane stripping","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Wetsus; LIFE programme; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Electrodialysis; Stripping (fiber); Ammonia; Waste management; Chemistry; Anaerobic exercise; Environmental science; Anaerobic digestion; Membrane; Biogas; Environmental engineering; Methane; Engineering","score_opus":0.05314330779870241,"score_gpt":0.3000776078335029,"score_spread":0.2469343000348005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224311224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99679935,0.000097005584,0.00021867873,0.001358212,0.00014196426,0.0008246347,0.000053073072,0.00019205858,0.00031501797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950622,0.000080647835,0.00226926,0.00023805117,0.00005861551,0.00013752277,0.00012177408,0.000056268775,0.0019756975],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947272,0.0007446522,0.00046491603,0.0009836315,0.001685531,0.001394095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99860406,0.000090120346,0.00006514453,0.0009578189,0.000040463234,0.00024242228],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020385466,0.0002688438,0.00037409042,0.000500412,0.0012060179,0.00026936847,0.0010449407,0.00008491766,0.009871669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008830522,0.00023577487,0.00009687012,0.0016208575,0.00023940239,0.00045781158,0.0018839327,0.00085465424,0.0014823866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030569953,0.00012657579,0.0025583033,0.0000080827085,0.00004350785,0.00003540069,0.0005834572,0.024853371,0.97029567,0.0000037113102,0.00035360048,0.0008326207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000560778,0.00047367136,0.0018386925,0.000011242552,0.000025042356,0.000009193464,0.00027961918,0.0061023133,0.9781157,0.00024744138,0.011957605,0.0003787336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011027834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018009235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018751057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00111037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051127412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225329106","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106388","title":"Thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor for pulp and paper primary sludge treatment: Effect of solids retention time on the biological performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass and Bioenergy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Biogas; Digestate; Hydraulic retention time; Pulp and paper industry; Total dissolved solids; Chemistry; Volatile suspended solids; Anaerobic digestion; Bioenergy; Cellulose; Bioreactor; Pulp (tooth); Biofuel; Biomass (ecology); Suspended solids; Effluent; Waste management; Methane; Environmental science; Agronomy; Environmental engineering; Wastewater","score_opus":0.01670658591359134,"score_gpt":0.21042441245702057,"score_spread":0.19371782654342923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225329106","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99823475,0.0001578917,0.0000018986437,0.0005389119,0.00003643729,0.0003542466,0.0000410617,0.00004320097,0.00059161393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99903464,0.000300428,0.000044550387,0.00010249607,0.000012901504,0.00017247736,0.000049232192,0.0000077745,0.00027549014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992006,0.00009643913,0.00014477885,0.00027399886,0.00012348362,0.00016068865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955255,0.00013661604,0.00008752874,0.0001930488,0.0000029455728,0.000027313225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025229022,0.00014821984,0.00018002847,0.00004013902,0.00025081617,0.000013189538,0.00013253493,0.00006431182,0.00036424174],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001511301,0.00007480072,0.00005754363,0.00014819135,0.00027829237,0.000059862075,0.00014107068,0.000038513306,0.0000054542415],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018193119,0.000045842036,0.001700929,0.000012950517,0.000018029925,6.3604523e-7,0.000022076352,0.00000607906,0.9776311,0.00023933702,0.00011338292,0.020027714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007945994,0.0059041046,0.03285101,0.000006025178,0.000026903346,0.000011041835,0.000031121635,0.0004781905,0.94785506,0.00008033128,0.011785998,0.00017560477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051014373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041104986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031150082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006462019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003910187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39881918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225687735","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4078665","title":"Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Derived Zwitterionic Polyamide Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Anti-Dye Deposition Ability for Efficient Dye Separation and Recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Trimethylamine; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Deposition (geology); Materials science; Oxide; Chromatography; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005673775711791173,"score_gpt":0.2282096293109725,"score_spread":0.22253585359918132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225687735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9232472,0.0005202203,0.07453066,0.00058056024,0.00010769998,0.00078062486,0.000010222939,0.00011300313,0.00010981937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974361,0.00049846823,0.0014969284,0.00011308925,0.00003210548,0.00012762647,0.000056148245,0.000027291046,0.00021222155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99724513,0.00025422586,0.00046811532,0.0004919688,0.00050111796,0.0010394406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911034,0.00012304253,0.0004072406,0.0002602498,0.00003534734,0.00006376495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015407137,0.00025021017,0.00028395813,0.00012697409,0.0010814429,0.000107738335,0.0002635677,0.000082253966,0.00010768561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052597847,0.0002244182,0.00009144078,0.00035674268,0.00016624237,0.0004214142,0.00008615041,0.0007446319,0.000009708579],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052842783,0.00011577731,0.0005658246,0.000014402888,0.000049680464,0.0000012574634,0.00019230519,0.12139749,0.87371457,0.00044712247,0.000013842206,0.0029592987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024191404,0.0025088207,0.009655974,0.000018474682,0.00010592572,0.00064539805,0.0015905858,0.028188063,0.9451683,0.009062095,0.00011558574,0.00052164396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012063405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039580656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09320942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015413823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028931128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9151509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225755184","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4079556","title":"Modifying Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersibility to Address the Permeability/Selectivity Trade-Off of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Nanocrystal; Permeability (electromagnetism); Materials science; Cellulose; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Selectivity; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010998352066169411,"score_gpt":0.23426033837670615,"score_spread":0.22326198631053673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225755184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932768,0.00057063706,0.0006404843,0.0037118376,0.00015894201,0.00069853815,0.0000249595,0.00008831141,0.0008294904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998613,0.00022427375,0.00013034021,0.00018190546,0.000031385945,0.0000600355,0.0000041734243,0.000025459212,0.00072941027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955364,0.00071156904,0.0005421239,0.00056626974,0.0009859403,0.0016577244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869204,0.00019469837,0.0003159309,0.00066534796,0.00002022964,0.00011178695],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004067408,0.00027387388,0.00034650057,0.00010476014,0.0011296559,0.000049949143,0.0012767875,0.000080633356,0.0010649442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020301758,0.00021502917,0.00026920933,0.0008742144,0.0004663086,0.0003622147,0.00065464753,0.0021501554,0.000024946261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013715845,0.0014594289,0.03758396,0.000089666944,0.00034159856,0.000016182712,0.01072504,0.09172798,0.82408166,0.0076935766,0.0021294882,0.022779858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005137538,0.0073586786,0.03517226,0.00007692943,0.00056929816,0.0027397543,0.0761726,0.029070286,0.68730694,0.11800428,0.035160787,0.0032306311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00078126765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017962365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13677467,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025783442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038382557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225875671","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4057609","title":"Microporous Membranes for Ultrafast and Energy-Efficient Removal of Antibiotics Through Polyphenol-Mediated Nanointerfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Microporous material; Polyphenol; Membrane; Antibiotics; Chemistry; Ultrashort pulse; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0072893135225466235,"score_gpt":0.21889995116545302,"score_spread":0.21161063764290639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225875671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902488,0.0027689794,0.0053854827,0.0005770015,0.00014878827,0.0001258847,0.000022532131,0.000050742256,0.00067176163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956229,0.0021014826,0.00083907484,0.00007054679,0.00002097903,0.0000017318584,0.000007866469,0.000020499665,0.0013149739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99797755,0.000070705006,0.00034499977,0.00025270839,0.00033321205,0.0010208393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942595,0.00007520042,0.00028107903,0.00016743549,0.000015249943,0.000035070487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069665554,0.00015221059,0.00020749983,0.00006392257,0.00039466764,0.000022138021,0.00036793065,0.00005173369,0.00018596204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006339289,0.00013784441,0.00007025547,0.00024476447,0.0002492259,0.00009805804,0.00018174676,0.0005068278,0.000004509531],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002878619,0.0003274486,0.00096068997,0.000035866145,0.00014091413,0.00001532623,0.0011366515,0.019442307,0.9456022,0.020756008,0.00027519173,0.0110195475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003287425,0.003244817,0.00023403282,0.00002514388,0.00012826956,0.008867136,0.022651259,0.011180341,0.84266025,0.055574555,0.051271357,0.0008753955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017636236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002002518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10294192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046947348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017683886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5621132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225893709","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-76081-6_24","title":"Recent Advances in the Physical Methods to Combat Membrane Fouling: An Emphasis on the Periodic Feed Pressure Technique","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Clogging; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02459395454193437,"score_gpt":0.35659275800099005,"score_spread":0.3319988034590557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225893709","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42360252,0.026432654,0.01730031,0.061103065,0.0053994865,0.02475866,0.0001984356,0.0056204074,0.43558446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9062277,0.022065818,0.05627366,0.004028612,0.0001428087,0.008757778,0.000097485485,0.0002097312,0.002196394],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9866757,0.00028349602,0.003076606,0.004209238,0.0035844953,0.0021704722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99191666,0.0007223069,0.0022624095,0.004148787,0.00086869457,0.000081126986],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","sts","open_science","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","bibliometrics","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.013804644,0.0013845919,0.0014761231,0.02671214,0.0025759335,0.00028398982,0.012398707,0.001280441,0.00045470955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005763535,0.001083858,0.000104142135,0.118576184,0.025853228,0.0075651743,0.0030158346,0.005146242,0.000075215175],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005995584,0.00026159023,0.0016398228,0.000022460543,0.000005569834,0.000018551706,0.00039253262,0.007124983,0.04403643,0.6138906,0.00003116657,0.3325163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005292723,0.000851853,0.00021473305,0.00019239086,0.000017881466,0.00007109083,0.0022803524,0.0005164735,0.064382076,0.3346271,0.59524125,0.0010755353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011497737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036473636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5952101,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002277991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00073839864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226040802","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88514-0.00003-6","title":"Polymer-based nanoenhanced nanofiltration membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Polymer; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Membrane technology; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.013711048418409318,"score_gpt":0.22634206534151674,"score_spread":0.21263101692310743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226040802","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039508834,0.0004664935,0.000010642249,0.0002805373,0.00039397393,0.00069801067,0.000037267502,0.00045911368,0.9972589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007285932,0.000066426,0.0004695131,0.0006562917,0.00006165064,0.00018276137,0.00010325645,0.000099080746,0.9910751],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99751693,0.00004563727,0.0005175184,0.00075883843,0.00081181794,0.0003492745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851197,0.00006965687,0.00040040465,0.00091723254,0.000011377629,0.000089354195],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022192403,0.0004940338,0.0004454926,0.0001463654,0.000335933,0.000048069236,0.00066901225,0.0003437245,0.046688564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002120432,0.0005008883,0.00022795856,0.00004249458,0.00037997053,0.00011612146,0.0003004075,0.0004660895,0.0018940807],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034784247,0.000017915936,0.000007632289,0.000061150946,0.000034170225,0.0000290873,0.00009340359,0.00012027435,0.03232888,0.0044918535,0.0009086816,0.96187216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022386682,0.00010276583,0.000005344291,0.000036435882,0.00004428114,0.0000076074843,0.0000075357866,0.00003695644,0.09790396,0.0022796744,0.8988316,0.0005199367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004898467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000078284414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9613522,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003186303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007860745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226159178","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88514-0.00017-6","title":"Polymer-based bioinspired, biomimetic, and stimuli-responsive nanofiltration membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biomimetics; Synthetic membrane; Biomimetic materials; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.017102790180508382,"score_gpt":0.23719735396519223,"score_spread":0.22009456378468384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226159178","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023457347,0.0013777429,0.0000106272055,0.0007394625,0.00025398098,0.00096300134,0.00010729448,0.00034961273,0.99385256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.010957003,0.00016723484,0.0008978949,0.001010715,0.00004856966,0.00013154514,0.00009222752,0.00010477276,0.98659],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99772656,0.000072847775,0.0004754166,0.000798119,0.0006129238,0.0003141182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864185,0.00016693296,0.0003485479,0.0007105603,0.000014455913,0.00011767219],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026266888,0.0005062213,0.00046274564,0.00025120695,0.0003461911,0.00006631799,0.00042723253,0.00034687287,0.010158468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044210145,0.000500301,0.00014540038,0.00004967222,0.00074341573,0.00011171256,0.00038569025,0.00037073693,0.0005292847],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001146212,0.0000201185,0.000027328346,0.000076997334,0.000051578354,0.000056502075,0.000152357,0.00005842477,0.03726005,0.003342014,0.00045104147,0.958389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045208272,0.00023310314,0.000028134838,0.00004746946,0.000098247496,0.00002126903,0.000020361693,0.00012910613,0.054189894,0.0018791725,0.9422627,0.00063844485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000084295125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050529845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9577505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019889124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007357028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226246219","doi":"10.22215/etd/2022-14912","title":"Chemically enhanced backwashing for NOM removal of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes using conventional cleaning chemicals with a surfactant","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Cleaning agent; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Biofouling; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.016201936063178532,"score_gpt":0.2734382491007385,"score_spread":0.25723631303755995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226246219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842188,0.00004257963,0.0029672133,0.000025047177,0.0001339143,0.0008561148,0.000040861607,0.00014381403,0.0115717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96674454,0.000029781988,0.028051713,0.000030487561,0.000024281795,0.00009675152,0.0017862518,0.00005964405,0.003176575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99773574,0.000033338823,0.000663491,0.00061249937,0.0006589674,0.00029597455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874043,0.00018228313,0.0006807467,0.00029358073,0.00005553778,0.000047402817],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029765093,0.00031809724,0.0004539557,0.00008587559,0.00018874099,0.000041321335,0.00039071665,0.00025888736,0.006465676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015944896,0.0002992333,0.00015127778,0.00030525686,0.00012573949,0.0002877715,0.000049916747,0.00028989412,0.000009204357],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035926313,0.000058533158,0.00005241565,0.00022881685,0.000045681667,0.0000021470905,0.0002921529,0.0037782935,0.99414307,0.00025051023,0.000055336775,0.0007337798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059233233,0.00010226707,0.00018859556,0.00009052386,0.00006386016,0.000027218124,0.0016117211,0.0036831754,0.99255496,0.00031899725,0.00038481955,0.00038152965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013945348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017436566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025084501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029020454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009313389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229074066","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121194","title":"Evaluation of the impact of SBR operating temperature and filtration temperature on fouling of membranes used for tertiary treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo","keywords":"Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.025376631540025875,"score_gpt":0.31769980559645616,"score_spread":0.29232317405643027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229074066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971501,0.00026442716,0.000037378693,0.0010290238,0.00004390625,0.0012565006,0.000058598234,0.00003840546,0.0001216276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990599,0.000052161417,0.00040333762,0.000018173732,0.0000068091877,0.0003338601,0.00005073128,0.000008469618,0.00006655676],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987107,0.00018006063,0.0003907833,0.000271185,0.00034880868,0.00009845556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990752,0.000079222584,0.00038885107,0.00034413105,0.00009751355,0.000015118367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006834984,0.00013318693,0.00020149909,0.00015973786,0.0002682995,0.000012073292,0.00015491348,0.00015008755,0.00012270309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020098565,0.00009549276,0.0000611244,0.00046295318,0.00021987468,0.00012159725,0.000054504173,0.00011637542,4.9302554e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003112638,0.00010606648,0.007128396,0.000017850345,0.000029217688,2.74545e-8,0.00069062767,0.025481936,0.9586471,0.0012419972,0.00009707974,0.006528627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093000685,0.0007901895,0.027233798,0.000013377202,0.00006671968,0.000007639319,0.0009517421,0.020523326,0.94737023,0.0018920387,0.00011123686,0.000109704146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004554906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032113847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020105401,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013808932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006954801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38940817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229784216","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14662725.v1","title":"In-Situ Ultrasound-Assisted Control of Polymeric Membrane Fouling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Volumetric flow rate; Cross-flow filtration; Effluent; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015013921329698997,"score_gpt":0.25083925127528933,"score_spread":0.23582532994559033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229784216","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9232051,0.0003286591,0.0073253736,0.0006489627,0.00038611074,0.00051327323,0.000008344406,0.0001948811,0.06738931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941489,0.0001565536,0.0041515916,0.0002762523,0.0000154518,0.000048268583,0.000023132274,0.000018865308,0.0011609682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800265,0.00009886683,0.00060153584,0.00059920544,0.00041493578,0.00028279354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865276,0.00020928643,0.0003020148,0.0007726951,0.000012844833,0.000050373957],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026108863,0.00026509885,0.0005631912,0.000120210876,0.000031723725,0.000042733398,0.0005842195,0.00037259187,0.0061057904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002376169,0.0002535422,0.00014644224,0.00039881014,0.0002589374,0.00015101893,0.0006043124,0.00046778817,0.000104878134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017138202,0.00011971365,0.0063597076,0.00007878941,0.000034847326,0.000022014676,0.00018778406,0.007135575,0.98374265,0.00012232448,0.00014582921,0.002033641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007066512,0.00003092696,0.03368002,0.00007710685,0.000036573176,0.000023625827,0.00054029224,0.00078993227,0.963092,0.00037650613,0.00022904004,0.00041727407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013077776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009819356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07094383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016317362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045494187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230141147","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648892","title":"Design, construction and evaluation OFAN experimental ceramic membrane facility with investigation into fouling control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Ceramic; Environmental science; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03347423675249399,"score_gpt":0.27035860844247284,"score_spread":0.23688437168997883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230141147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9101423,0.00013953722,0.08708098,0.00029073592,0.00012949525,0.0014679783,0.0000042351476,0.00021966586,0.0005250502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94327766,0.000024009145,0.056170765,0.00009030109,0.000011768242,0.0002586044,0.00011887709,0.000011118739,0.00003688701],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976237,0.00034713896,0.00036973844,0.0008231125,0.00065483485,0.00018146815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910414,0.00007078836,0.00024891316,0.0004462687,0.000050552368,0.00007932516],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077708316,0.00029585508,0.0003045747,0.000069929905,0.0001749792,0.00017107798,0.00016386801,0.0003063869,0.001681145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103592756,0.00026495557,0.000035544763,0.00014811504,0.00067530177,0.00037312513,0.00031961696,0.0003345106,0.000028881755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010596202,0.00005296626,0.00863849,0.000084093386,0.00007237482,0.000003129403,0.0026985977,0.14350575,0.82411146,0.000055752676,0.00004369243,0.020627707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011257384,0.00011630394,0.0027150454,0.000047791367,0.0000833635,0.00002428765,0.002888936,0.1283863,0.86272866,0.0014614328,0.000009574625,0.00041257954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008338493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024350137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038617153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000507549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010071285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230259241","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1629-1","title":"Backwashing Frequency","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Backwashing; Environmental science; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.017542365527273507,"score_gpt":0.21956742554268674,"score_spread":0.20202506001541323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230259241","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000064897846,0.000026842907,0.0015290787,0.00026075283,0.00010586818,0.00013016234,0.0000021034114,0.00037362624,0.9975067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0045952657,0.000045819426,0.004852658,0.00038484737,0.0000400431,0.0000042638912,0.000010276169,0.000030199284,0.9900366],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903184,0.000004835576,0.00020271064,0.0003403296,0.00026833353,0.00015197194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993142,0.000030986743,0.00010728943,0.000501112,0.0000034530149,0.000042977368],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000111298665,0.00019895998,0.00017931081,0.000038708982,0.000056593675,0.000026060892,0.0003888126,0.0003119293,0.11206744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002823059,0.00017169239,0.000066054374,0.000015168845,0.00018319082,0.00007086617,0.0002263545,0.00023787601,0.037275944],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.408874e-7,0.0000027583098,0.00010792294,0.000010241476,0.000010992902,0.0000068975937,0.0000192502,0.000032908923,0.0013931163,0.8710188,0.097170316,0.030225834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005487519,0.000030790416,0.000050832252,0.000018437546,0.000009963367,0.0000054529214,0.0000028878526,0.00004033883,0.0010540698,0.15150675,0.84689325,0.00033236758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046328973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012221308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7497229,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102350605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047576987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9634737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230637311","doi":"10.1515/iupac.73.0529","title":"Plasma Membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"IUPAC Standards Online","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan College","funders":"","keywords":"Table (database); Commission; Product (mathematics); Chemistry; Food science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer science; Computer science; Political science; Mathematics; Law; Data mining","score_opus":0.013292852147134611,"score_gpt":0.35562914034281345,"score_spread":0.34233628819567885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230637311","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00072828005,0.000056402692,0.000050325085,0.0009524323,0.0005071908,0.00032728977,0.99620986,0.00027227827,0.00089595234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000057927995,0.00073394226,0.00016044454,0.00024371616,0.00019819467,0.000025670626,0.9960765,0.000034891586,0.0024686947],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968197,0.00006554122,0.00047601532,0.00070551015,0.0014349491,0.00049828325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99816453,0.000097961056,0.00028659427,0.0012729231,0.00003793837,0.00014002273],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043594267,0.0004604611,0.00051680434,0.00013129227,0.00013519831,0.000051422332,0.001021842,0.00054555637,0.07116267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064342975,0.0003384611,0.00013056463,0.00027272242,0.0005138776,0.00018137688,0.0006348326,0.00045912215,0.00022837448],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052240568,0.000084086074,0.000009730535,0.000033477107,0.000025668985,0.000040250627,0.000004381125,0.000017551467,0.00032724478,0.0000057900947,0.9939092,0.0054904115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005764134,0.00012513736,0.000020183412,0.00007745823,0.000040135314,0.00001900336,0.000011039315,0.000012874914,0.0021289838,0.00017096719,0.99636894,0.00044887385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017074596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015665399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.070934296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00065375894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011785392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232188682","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(14)70034-5","title":"H2O Innovation completes acquisition of Piedmont Pacific","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Management; Business; Economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011478063913103765,"score_gpt":0.22924991075677564,"score_spread":0.21777184684367187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232188682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626788,0.000017651293,0.00641199,0.002870119,0.000098092576,0.00025586016,0.0000044054536,0.0007995043,0.026863568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99522024,0.000012677164,0.0043054726,0.00010287842,0.000012582259,0.000036744972,0.00002005,0.000014860834,0.00027451417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986814,0.00003894283,0.00043974887,0.0003370022,0.00024219294,0.0002606889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990223,0.00005595744,0.0002521822,0.00061603787,0.00003534863,0.000018190147],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035541164,0.00015589816,0.00026516337,0.00044171247,0.000088621346,0.00000921731,0.00044006194,0.00026698396,0.0012867765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002373893,0.00014900949,0.000032295826,0.0017358041,0.0006454586,0.00014435773,0.00021563093,0.00017549415,0.00051444693],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014955094,0.00006906061,0.009960813,0.000023273911,0.000008416817,0.0000010612401,0.000046938792,0.00026659662,0.87258625,0.08289048,0.0010721924,0.033059943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042351635,0.00024345516,0.0062991837,0.000014242108,0.000009748545,0.000015791564,0.00018020188,0.0017729627,0.9409539,0.032803923,0.017071363,0.00021167529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031777345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019772222,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.068367675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006187006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053602394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99962616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233311608","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch033","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater Using Nanofiltration Technology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Waste Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Effluent; Contamination; Environmental science; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Water quality; Waste management; Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014338223692685568,"score_gpt":0.2179033225907046,"score_spread":0.20356509889801905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233311608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59890604,0.00021975333,0.00043889313,0.0002579711,0.000382548,0.0011028453,0.000025034631,0.00014634419,0.3985206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49567947,0.00033874586,0.009919595,0.00006495946,0.00003970124,0.000012875788,0.00010959571,0.000085353284,0.4937497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99845916,0.000011115771,0.0004215403,0.00054042076,0.00032300936,0.00024473807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991527,0.000008765387,0.00021718038,0.00058869564,0.000008749763,0.000023876366],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012708672,0.0002875268,0.0003596453,0.00024317707,0.00006355998,0.000022064365,0.00029008134,0.00027975507,0.0013803726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024551614,0.00023146893,0.000051158167,0.000039141974,0.00024283973,0.00012839875,0.0009323344,0.0001388239,0.0003356464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000119874676,0.00006478549,0.00048650097,0.00057506165,0.0006221691,0.0005661175,0.00088601664,0.0029027995,0.8500447,0.050747637,0.0012318243,0.09175249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018760817,0.00030263167,0.00014982518,0.00091563654,0.000611527,0.000105197454,0.0018321134,0.004629526,0.62427413,0.02969762,0.33389643,0.0017092937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044039585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022632452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3326646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107844964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000296647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233449136","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(10)70084-7","title":"H2O Innovation develops new membrane cleaners","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Reverse osmosis; Microfiltration; Membrane; Business; Engineering; Unit (ring theory); Waste management; Manufacturing engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012406596630281172,"score_gpt":0.246137567095964,"score_spread":0.2337309704656828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233449136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94581497,0.0000127701,0.0010892006,0.010601761,0.0005769396,0.00042801778,0.0000027000965,0.0025021732,0.038971446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96584296,0.000024602814,0.025880855,0.0006172969,0.000066537585,0.000051997846,0.000023637976,0.00004918243,0.0074428995],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976105,0.000023325883,0.0005948669,0.00072324416,0.0004139838,0.00063409476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984893,0.000056897607,0.00024239456,0.0010798182,0.000040999592,0.00009059057],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004079842,0.00034020178,0.00034615703,0.00072793796,0.00021522862,0.000042214313,0.0011451774,0.0007873364,0.009042148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008151804,0.0003307304,0.000049877955,0.003983319,0.0008084522,0.00036415426,0.0004904708,0.0009996435,0.0046973056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018501421,0.00004602774,0.0034794405,0.000009386803,0.000013138407,0.00001578037,0.00006414741,0.00009089353,0.8963609,0.03282334,0.0072814315,0.059797022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005831202,0.00007072207,0.0016815823,0.000005641092,0.000011951617,0.000105547944,0.00011193811,0.00018191514,0.8210978,0.01203528,0.16370651,0.00040801507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015075196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058578805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15642507,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009755476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075529155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233760481","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(17)30171-4","title":"Synthetic membrane characterisation – a review: part II","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanotechnology; Membrane biophysics; Engineering; Feature (linguistics); Chemistry; Computer science; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Membrane protein; Philosophy; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017247215845211113,"score_gpt":0.2619458166910799,"score_spread":0.2446986008458688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233760481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89150983,0.0010075336,0.000077837976,0.056662705,0.0006140475,0.0012081644,0.000015795262,0.0020871223,0.046816938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856555,0.0061627654,0.00087026204,0.000957498,0.00005082713,0.00030330615,0.000018939809,0.000043561533,0.00593738],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977344,0.000047985897,0.00051859877,0.00076131645,0.0003885251,0.00054915994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965172,0.000032257078,0.0005493168,0.0027990025,0.000024307694,0.00007791572],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057187915,0.00032194413,0.0005113472,0.00017391217,0.0011247182,0.000060168997,0.0018171249,0.00039430888,0.007226971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012434286,0.00029727767,0.000102723425,0.0003175875,0.0011847334,0.00051486184,0.0011795355,0.0004008533,0.0034210458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064456486,0.00044070728,0.00742954,0.00067890657,0.00008527943,0.00012672583,0.00016689906,0.00004033474,0.7479177,0.008536081,0.03346852,0.20104483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005679518,0.00020218955,0.0030480165,0.00042408402,0.000070086986,0.00015437251,0.000038100123,0.00020873615,0.5068332,0.0021860206,0.4856664,0.00060086185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000610202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007362512,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45219788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117666474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016793809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999479},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4233829940","doi":"10.22215/etd/2020-13962","title":"Ozone Chemically-Enhanced Backwashes For Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Cyanobacteria-Laden Surface Water Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Ozone; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cyanobacteria; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Biofouling; Microcystis aeruginosa; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Chromatography; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009595218322539192,"score_gpt":0.2454705784005116,"score_spread":0.23587536007797238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4233829940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94967854,0.000049344446,0.018152613,0.0015620369,0.00022611296,0.004733481,0.00006335462,0.00064700877,0.024887487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98157483,0.00009205353,0.006269931,0.00026576826,0.000053679785,0.0012016718,0.0021587927,0.000074462805,0.0083087925],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99762315,0.000033277403,0.0006808737,0.0008667324,0.000308615,0.00048734483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991096,0.00013098282,0.00019322218,0.00044863843,0.000028220546,0.0000892984],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017883816,0.00041112554,0.0005746041,0.000061094055,0.0001147264,0.00007998375,0.0006579067,0.0005235661,0.0029456778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007014603,0.00034681938,0.00013442642,0.00025416102,0.00008712645,0.00022300554,0.000075547774,0.00035464208,0.0011781947],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014968132,0.00005143365,0.00005924307,0.00014186572,0.000023808623,6.378744e-7,0.00034690058,0.0009801205,0.99704576,0.0000779976,0.000267645,0.00085492403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010380971,0.000043804244,0.00028501512,0.000028192095,0.00004133377,7.0359425e-7,0.0004381985,0.0022648599,0.98906434,0.0005950606,0.005724263,0.000476118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000083562176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053836213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031896286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021663406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000241918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236192890","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3968823","title":"Elucidating the Inherent Fouling Tolerance of Membrane Contactors in Ammonia Recovery from Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Contactor; Wastewater; Ammonia; Membrane; Waste management; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009894694455145351,"score_gpt":0.2246992182071023,"score_spread":0.21480452375195697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236192890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967815,0.0009236006,0.0008042548,0.00064969185,0.00013640421,0.000095616364,0.0000020392674,0.000018740138,0.00058813236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976321,0.001366691,0.00044282846,0.00005361052,0.00004035015,0.00000560181,0.000003462277,0.000011975337,0.00044338152],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99802333,0.00013485043,0.0004280834,0.00021861457,0.00030070732,0.0008944354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993584,0.000117703144,0.0002258223,0.0002579852,0.000013405826,0.000026696784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081991433,0.000126035,0.00020189674,0.000036073387,0.00010426064,0.00003803937,0.00035640446,0.000074419455,0.0005127449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014917571,0.000090648165,0.000075718315,0.00026182726,0.000078724486,0.00025184435,0.00012932772,0.0011115237,0.000041951156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118094016,0.00012299538,0.042202458,0.000008713458,0.00010802176,0.000023076076,0.0009983785,0.019363904,0.8953586,0.00203246,0.0000529772,0.039610304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011478377,0.00017260914,0.01238886,0.00009303473,0.00002666342,0.00012783022,0.0060737296,0.0012194008,0.9184886,0.05917805,0.00078930584,0.0002940302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006587315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009753747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05714559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000601423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021432384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5614197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236406509","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.02.010","title":"Numerical Simulation of Low Energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Masdar Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Thermodynamics; Concentration polarization; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Computational fluid dynamics; Mass flux; Chemistry; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Physics; Desalination","score_opus":0.004079748895295999,"score_gpt":0.19215911951483383,"score_spread":0.18807937061953783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236406509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9733895,0.000041439216,0.02553719,0.00006612675,0.00019104636,0.000024269166,0.0000040012474,0.000013430306,0.00073296187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993969,0.00003872072,0.000431964,0.00002557143,0.000063488784,7.713194e-7,0.0000045667325,0.0000083460845,0.000029631537],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924594,0.000016430136,0.00027313555,0.000083505,0.0003060569,0.0000749522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963,0.000082372935,0.00018317421,0.000059075297,0.000004612389,0.00004078649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113843314,0.0000866765,0.00012968751,0.000053880467,0.000015799045,0.000011330389,0.00015235983,0.00003981496,0.00028433488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047700596,0.00007481585,0.000051532,0.00003091523,0.00004002141,0.00022517575,0.00005795682,0.00006315536,0.0000049101545],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034845936,0.000026982088,0.003796096,0.0000031622878,0.00002429285,0.0000020378784,0.000043073793,0.7625046,0.22038332,0.000059407354,0.0000038713783,0.013118344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005287082,0.0001387069,0.063808344,0.000037584767,0.000013398824,0.000031720647,0.000020990747,0.80870926,0.12397841,0.000051515915,0.002539191,0.00014214766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001653097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4687e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0964049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007187823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013246431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31132677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236771423","doi":"10.1063/5.0043646.1","title":"10.1063/5.0043646.1","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Default Digital Object Group","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Permeation; Porosity; Porous medium; Mechanics; Work (physics); Membrane; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.010145564676320619,"score_gpt":0.23543644104150516,"score_spread":0.22529087636518455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236771423","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00043970827,0.00018600584,0.000019076293,0.00006989986,0.00031338545,0.00034798228,0.9605593,0.00036530333,0.037699327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006141937,0.00008577985,0.00009864457,0.00023558295,0.000115727395,0.000083748346,0.98109263,0.000045739234,0.017627979],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99688184,0.000046077683,0.0005427013,0.0010344258,0.00088280847,0.00061212125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99785745,0.00014151708,0.00027453055,0.0015501633,0.000018434232,0.00015791167],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014233273,0.0005837854,0.0005592383,0.00013072135,0.00014657274,0.0005620585,0.0011725752,0.0006313744,0.04949514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057331816,0.0005549224,0.00026966978,0.0006770901,0.0003901831,0.00075838575,0.0012608849,0.000579744,0.07737189],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014827641,0.00013538444,0.000019036543,0.000037519687,0.000033423912,0.00016259756,0.000006134311,0.000022936583,0.00007824452,0.0000041632707,0.9905577,0.008928049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002213657,0.00014883194,0.000086296044,0.00003842043,0.00003105016,0.000063531006,0.000040767998,0.000012771202,0.00041978728,0.00016036067,0.99813133,0.00064547313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001834951,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031120807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027876751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030018066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037558217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237118228","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665878","title":"Design, Construction and Evaluation of an Experimental Ceramic Membrane Facility With Investigation into Fouling Control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Biofouling; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Aqueous solution; Membrane bioreactor; Cleaning agent; Waste management; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04180585537387872,"score_gpt":0.28438758744457937,"score_spread":0.24258173207070066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237118228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9596421,0.00008983233,0.038651515,0.00007669139,0.00007274888,0.001118281,0.000005030223,0.00011135663,0.00023245819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93580294,0.000010705842,0.06392812,0.00002652835,0.0000060746174,0.00012313992,0.00008693426,0.0000076205442,0.000007924805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997785,0.0004288336,0.0003599629,0.00060831546,0.0006976711,0.000120267614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910766,0.000049048533,0.0002846087,0.00042364857,0.00007389206,0.000061128376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010570572,0.00021433798,0.0002834655,0.00006344764,0.00008852882,0.00007024683,0.00014550336,0.00024116637,0.0008361113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089431815,0.00019207323,0.000025700572,0.000121044286,0.00065834087,0.0004046274,0.00020205045,0.0002120702,0.000004979286],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066884895,0.00004714939,0.0027686425,0.000051938052,0.00003007037,7.112902e-7,0.0016285612,0.17487048,0.80723435,0.000025777797,0.0000028728157,0.013272602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007930619,0.00012377369,0.0019770241,0.000028172124,0.00006987766,0.0000106717125,0.0024176883,0.16222036,0.83102393,0.0011419547,7.758828e-7,0.0001926917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00086953165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026206698,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025276601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002925881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010073651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91548324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237356156","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653464.v1","title":"Fouling Reduction Via Air Backpulsing in Dairy Wastewater Microfiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Distilled water; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.018196156732388842,"score_gpt":0.249135836658464,"score_spread":0.23093967992607517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237356156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833852,0.00005420561,0.006590432,0.0007889357,0.0006547555,0.00035578644,0.0000010635516,0.00022953468,0.007940063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9692459,0.00004992434,0.029079037,0.000062988474,0.000050939983,0.000040820116,0.000111770816,0.00001937615,0.00133921],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983304,0.00007952157,0.00042484136,0.00067515625,0.00024802415,0.00024204707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926555,0.000013222097,0.00014159972,0.0005386952,0.000009277678,0.000031634463],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026977816,0.00021973011,0.00022290222,0.0001116204,0.000066506145,0.00008282803,0.00026698408,0.00038993763,0.0023989303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033759232,0.00021904705,0.00007044854,0.00022119409,0.000105253624,0.00032943196,0.0008175845,0.0005149142,0.0002759617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008040685,0.000046700585,0.0015756155,0.000044983615,0.0000071456134,0.0000094324205,0.0006311115,0.05946904,0.9286881,0.000011292667,0.000490448,0.009018106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014067165,0.000013375443,0.0039899815,0.00008264283,0.000008923493,0.000026786733,0.0009950261,0.0066021737,0.9862576,0.0012848604,0.00025819178,0.00033977092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007798459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039614562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057569515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003934198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021434653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237364421","doi":"10.1149/ma2012-02/14/1776","title":"Membranes for Solar Water Splitting Devices","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Engineering physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02242013223028119,"score_gpt":0.2568382333418974,"score_spread":0.23441810111161623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237364421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88860005,0.0000975602,0.000018905988,0.00039811234,0.00023214376,0.00021470246,0.0000017429455,0.00025002946,0.110186756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99106574,0.0000056916333,0.007943922,0.0001512386,0.00015139062,0.00003319661,0.000008773549,0.000021077998,0.0006189683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866146,0.00002322512,0.00029461182,0.00022790903,0.00021324467,0.00057953736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939024,0.00017350676,0.00011555703,0.00022344409,0.000008893289,0.00008835838],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011182937,0.00014517998,0.00013281443,0.000031578253,0.00025328988,0.00005175346,0.0002370268,0.00010576662,0.0003647598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036744415,0.00010973823,0.00005255531,0.00006436286,0.000077828605,0.00045142183,0.0001283771,0.00011187084,0.0013459553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001761316,0.00010324126,0.041418113,0.00017456527,0.000018424456,0.0000021815194,0.0016760336,0.019346789,0.9324137,0.00001837166,0.0017175872,0.003093407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012550851,0.000014936284,0.011605652,0.000017341785,0.0000113858,0.000005653685,0.0002433089,0.00027242737,0.91559887,0.00019224356,0.071737856,0.00017484116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009207361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019756617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10956779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046217083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003092635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237740407","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(04)00194-2","title":"Estimating air diffusion contribution to pressure decay during membrane integrity tests","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Diffusion; Chemistry; Airflow; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Gaseous diffusion; Atmospheric pressure; Mechanics; Dilution; Bubble point; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010615380980086566,"score_gpt":0.27059603821879563,"score_spread":0.25998065723870906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237740407","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909221,0.000037032667,0.0050093196,0.0024292648,0.00053985626,0.00029865786,0.0000030052051,0.000092684335,0.0006680607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97508425,0.000014403125,0.024527593,0.00018510208,0.00007757605,0.0000049464556,4.531908e-7,0.000011185669,0.00009448002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99672306,0.000053224172,0.00070165854,0.0004254611,0.0015533628,0.00054320897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843544,0.00008641632,0.0005412059,0.00041655664,0.00017639929,0.00034399013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021122254,0.00022128382,0.00034485597,0.00031681472,0.00055751565,0.000108866174,0.0013022259,0.000113949085,0.0002548191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019845178,0.00017448711,0.00009748352,0.0015668945,0.000645704,0.001559741,0.00046564805,0.00055878866,0.00015664953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051292012,0.00008610229,0.0019090502,0.000016364567,0.0000047401923,0.000026586766,0.00031020807,0.13531072,0.86119723,0.00023752112,0.000025000218,0.0008251642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010559158,0.00022502254,0.05391375,0.00017852841,0.000022499838,0.00038719978,0.00009908705,0.001658355,0.9413298,0.0005460483,0.00035287082,0.00023094287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062403305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000384445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13365237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005499746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016704397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7115378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237964981","doi":"10.1063/5.0014255.1","title":"10.1063/5.0014255.1","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Default Digital Object Group","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Viscosity; Mechanics; Contrast (vision); Filtration (mathematics); Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.011672047751329266,"score_gpt":0.23268695212742918,"score_spread":0.2210149043760999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237964981","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001282555,0.000045035125,0.000023923227,0.0001458485,0.00021691232,0.00044991303,0.96018726,0.0005376382,0.03826521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011250568,0.000047131194,0.00008455353,0.0004566904,0.00014251043,0.000079260026,0.99180293,0.000049434864,0.006212456],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99701333,0.00003621868,0.00053653977,0.0010031371,0.0008463827,0.0005644143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982656,0.00012364959,0.0002957018,0.0010905388,0.000010484045,0.00021402826],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010331517,0.0005962179,0.00054893136,0.00010986983,0.0001332798,0.0004386167,0.0014071096,0.0005476602,0.0249087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058787555,0.0005568797,0.00023776935,0.0006232933,0.0003994868,0.0007487002,0.0012298727,0.00062361424,0.2609798],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031251497,0.0000836137,0.000014998909,0.000039768056,0.000028776907,0.00009637181,0.000010014995,0.000019142573,0.000050411767,0.000005655505,0.9923928,0.007227216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023499019,0.0002886162,0.00007992099,0.000021351194,0.000030894127,0.000027726268,0.000025193718,0.0000276986,0.00017947421,0.00022433265,0.998221,0.0006388045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012977152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118316864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23607111,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022994858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023912886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238664351","doi":"10.22215/etd/2012-07361","title":"An investigation of physical cleaning operations for fouling attenuation of hollow fiber membranes in drinking water treatment","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02643086532334244,"score_gpt":0.2927410752005368,"score_spread":0.2663102098771944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238664351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99794,0.000010801282,0.00016044073,0.000037782662,0.00006312275,0.0007373171,0.000005523409,0.000046006273,0.0009989954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933216,0.000007094805,0.003903626,0.000007660261,0.00003405191,0.00018356918,0.001281446,0.000024278683,0.0012366972],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998805,0.000045797555,0.00044290055,0.00028102874,0.00023776264,0.00018753292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947584,0.00006118393,0.00015499514,0.0002446317,0.00003131859,0.000032030483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019842875,0.00019339673,0.00030949485,0.00014575633,0.00007218255,0.000015922795,0.00015053387,0.00018207972,0.00037246125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026744556,0.00014714962,0.00008464082,0.00014481362,0.000063601205,0.0006303469,0.000016622082,0.000073142444,0.000028564436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003918388,0.000113250135,0.0038679598,0.00008881637,0.000016077,9.745263e-8,0.010174877,0.038079895,0.9409218,0.00026719036,0.0000043685827,0.0064265276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037044525,0.00019542311,0.009422704,0.000054202697,0.00005311738,2.1907759e-7,0.0015748891,0.014682759,0.9730766,0.00037352613,0.000027630687,0.00016850505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006374882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003239604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03215482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012931449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017089207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60005873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239731806","doi":"10.1139/l00-091","title":"Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Sewage treatment; Water treatment; Environmental science; Waste management; Emerging technologies; Industrial wastewater treatment; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.006752089843983754,"score_gpt":0.18348618738315547,"score_spread":0.17673409753917171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239731806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976688,0.00027801527,0.000090651985,0.0007459264,0.00006931829,0.000051522362,3.87734e-7,0.00002787324,0.0010675106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993449,0.000120880904,0.0003898178,0.0000066892703,0.000005701477,0.0000030098383,3.1383678e-7,0.0000068128156,0.00012190762],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994858,0.0000036797362,0.0001548352,0.000074773685,0.000055070264,0.00022583533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997935,0.000008666206,0.000022950426,0.00009016965,0.0000034299137,0.000081228485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000071968374,0.00008128894,0.00011178865,0.00020310626,0.000023048027,0.000017638433,0.00011006979,0.000050471273,0.0002703717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003268033,0.000057130976,0.000017795177,0.00010282282,0.000049051614,0.00018097764,0.000015552376,0.00008701061,0.000012379497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026040998,0.000029681267,0.14139226,0.00002395018,0.000041775802,0.0018154524,0.0025880276,0.52605045,0.2671637,0.00019838539,0.00052413665,0.06014614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028600558,0.00091019535,0.039646797,0.00023226468,0.000030429472,0.0020003833,0.0025796185,0.009023984,0.5459646,0.0020416325,0.39374095,0.00096907624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036670832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08458943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5170265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023920483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013829125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9321144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240888890","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(15)30110-5","title":"H2O Innovation doubles capacity of water-reuse system in California","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reuse; Filtration (mathematics); Face (sociological concept); Business; Engineering; Environmental science; Operations management; Waste management; Sociology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03183746215545092,"score_gpt":0.24085666857431115,"score_spread":0.20901920641886024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240888890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928714,0.000015317566,0.00030823774,0.001225356,0.00010517145,0.00031234787,0.000009918711,0.0006591103,0.0044931094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971389,0.0000037646505,0.002596513,0.0000280549,0.0000067596725,0.000057166497,0.000012523965,0.000014502931,0.00014181907],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984327,0.0000328418,0.00057181076,0.00033608454,0.00028367972,0.00034287912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989206,0.0000174754,0.00015404122,0.00083140767,0.00004420172,0.000032263022],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061197765,0.00016760104,0.00032103714,0.0006462332,0.000037558115,0.000008308538,0.0007539695,0.00036966143,0.00015283239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002921294,0.00013336854,0.000022326234,0.0017056526,0.0005162634,0.00016310182,0.00049818284,0.00023949586,0.0006798139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052825704,0.00012283154,0.03515545,0.00009296526,0.000010200103,0.000019544523,0.00042848362,0.0019427204,0.9382576,0.021441584,0.0005840687,0.0018917246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073929096,0.000094730676,0.0004670379,0.000023545024,0.0000054169104,0.000034190354,0.0006961394,0.00066004996,0.98451054,0.007078114,0.0055223685,0.00016855061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057769415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031960013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046252962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031133136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014338036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8737859},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241319463","doi":"10.1007/s10098-021-02186-w","title":"Effect of organic loading rate on the biological performance of the thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating pulp and paper primary sludge","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Digestate; Anaerobic digestion; Pulp (tooth); Bioreactor; Hydraulic retention time; Waste management; Anaerobic exercise; Paper mill; Biofuel; Environmental science; Chemistry; Wastewater; Effluent; Methane; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.008215224049854968,"score_gpt":0.2042852874281331,"score_spread":0.19607006337827812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241319463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977907,0.00023440087,7.099786e-7,0.0010077801,0.00001769999,0.00028690233,0.000013827214,0.00010101938,0.00054695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99714994,0.002523743,0.000036850593,0.00016965404,0.000007798434,0.00001709518,0.0000045094043,0.0000143228735,0.00007606828],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888384,0.00012234857,0.00025528073,0.0003385423,0.00015229374,0.00024767706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896175,0.00027347685,0.0001810729,0.0005598498,0.0000014318565,0.000022427968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002780609,0.00021966273,0.00027202355,0.000046167723,0.00021129657,0.000014601862,0.00038039908,0.0001769116,0.00015874744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026115793,0.00011375028,0.00006352635,0.00032432735,0.0018420208,0.000102139864,0.00095025066,0.00024067808,0.000009540641],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028553064,0.000030114741,0.01979888,0.000028426408,0.000012983339,0.0000011076036,0.00006315299,0.000012135938,0.8375907,0.00016145667,0.000018188377,0.1422543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024165683,0.00046206286,0.11935173,0.000030495692,0.000014007824,0.000016021713,0.0018367128,0.000048354043,0.8776619,0.00015348337,0.00006826909,0.00011532386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032275006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013141323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14213897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009921561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006413836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67870027},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241692737","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648316.v1","title":"Characterization of microbial aggregates in relation to membrane biofouling in submerged membrane bioreactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Microfiltration; Chemistry; Permeation; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0153709705483092,"score_gpt":0.23566885451903846,"score_spread":0.22029788397072927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241692737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967323,0.00002484399,0.00031298414,0.0006182176,0.00033483212,0.00087177346,0.000018508928,0.00011970242,0.0009668394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961192,0.0002933519,0.0027043198,0.000071092254,0.000017351338,0.00006113872,0.00047244036,0.000029010389,0.00023210999],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974699,0.00013580783,0.0009581613,0.0007722588,0.00034227592,0.00032159057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989142,0.00004356008,0.00039514448,0.0005643711,0.000022559478,0.0000601979],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049729063,0.0003183926,0.00054322067,0.0005605467,0.000026995402,0.000049486665,0.0004392362,0.00056442985,0.001666785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029492046,0.00033336625,0.000087945555,0.0011755101,0.000106005864,0.00029962944,0.000854775,0.00049960247,0.00007140682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003342226,0.00009881662,0.029684145,0.00008880051,0.0000068902027,0.0000074397376,0.00083509146,0.010193529,0.95743436,0.000018598086,0.0000039938573,0.0015949231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002765174,0.000017961649,0.1460522,0.00024144248,0.00000763137,0.0000014673105,0.00015113012,0.0013746014,0.8514444,0.00003593525,0.00008997927,0.00030673295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026810318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042456905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11636805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003522732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046653156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242069298","doi":"10.1016/s1365-6937(19)30316-8","title":"KKR and XPV Water Partners form wastewater treatment platform","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Filtration Industry Analyst","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.025994581041562406,"score_gpt":0.2634711482347483,"score_spread":0.2374765671931859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242069298","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771437,0.0000040239797,0.000015299938,0.00068505615,0.000059850063,0.00023007892,0.0000055482274,0.00008519776,0.021771219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98754674,0.000007159268,0.00013476521,0.0000913843,0.000025011694,0.000032351403,0.00007722175,0.000007970816,0.012077383],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990569,0.0000148441495,0.00021920963,0.00028922883,0.00018498728,0.00023483997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956614,0.00001512493,0.000053908567,0.00029421865,0.0000051767947,0.00006540981],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010723791,0.00014899798,0.00014492252,0.000052349107,0.00011010078,0.000064378386,0.000106552834,0.00027120952,0.01117582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070328233,0.00009670086,0.000039858496,0.00012308724,0.00008826053,0.0005271261,0.000057489564,0.00016112301,0.0018881906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009239118,0.00021178796,0.6159188,0.000029834993,0.00017520932,0.000017599668,0.0036296549,0.01025439,0.3505633,0.0008875138,0.008560919,0.0096586095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008443466,0.00033283606,0.016837385,0.0000106800335,0.00005010559,0.000025978237,0.0016432753,0.00436928,0.9195069,0.0006628724,0.055312257,0.00040406748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010306608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007188643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5990814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012677016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067488704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99888897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242600725","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2015/18402","title":"Characterization of Proton Binding Properties of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed Using Linear Programming Analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Chemical engineering; Proton; Extracellular; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physics; Biochemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.03250024784988937,"score_gpt":0.3045597477948362,"score_spread":0.2720594999449468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242600725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922356,0.003878935,0.0032835575,0.000102990845,0.00009623024,0.00036897222,0.0000028653353,0.000026898728,0.000003944254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887155,0.0009819653,0.010254047,0.0000050817985,0.000011871717,0.000014058024,0.0000065049016,0.000008926171,0.0000020085959],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805784,0.00017819695,0.0010420359,0.00023736451,0.00018550894,0.00029903298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830526,0.00001933674,0.0013320743,0.000246009,0.00005560047,0.000041734245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083775766,0.00016556674,0.0006571648,0.001150025,0.000027395532,0.0000046976515,0.00045740456,0.0003899851,0.000011912007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023195933,0.00013225559,0.00007126492,0.0022945683,0.0008750241,0.00076590327,0.00009954461,0.00030621057,7.7964665e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010816584,0.00012731166,0.31226504,0.000018141089,0.000016347207,0.0000039581896,0.00026126037,0.0008045392,0.6805484,0.0000421177,3.357201e-8,0.005804662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004878149,0.0005622544,0.0023986741,0.00005958216,0.00004123788,0.000020875204,0.0009984216,0.0013347699,0.993609,0.00015946873,0.00019625819,0.0001316152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046567122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013144324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3130606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014921652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036704107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5393227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242850738","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1976-1","title":"Physical Cleaning","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fleming College","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.03922266201096173,"score_gpt":0.261438202932973,"score_spread":0.22221554092201126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242850738","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00026764764,0.000013810109,0.0000826301,0.00011185289,0.000048401478,0.000089845096,0.0000018675385,0.00031002035,0.9990739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.013175345,0.0000073030587,0.00066811766,0.00008102303,0.000052725376,0.000002358756,0.0000063282605,0.000021931237,0.98598486],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992492,0.000002494091,0.000096173906,0.00024358445,0.0002998887,0.000108625194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995802,0.000014079485,0.000057846028,0.0002980354,0.0000041443427,0.000045713077],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005709432,0.00014485928,0.00014726372,0.000020496735,0.000027911943,0.000012651945,0.0002302602,0.00014623467,0.017509982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015301375,0.00012062125,0.000047343423,0.000013182326,0.00016653935,0.000069229754,0.0002774437,0.00018466607,0.025458034],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004647772,0.000013137168,0.000015873104,0.0000045742972,0.000013441307,0.000013190711,0.00009427788,0.00020491138,0.0009510921,0.5295122,0.42210075,0.047071885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005470026,0.000041727733,0.000007443719,0.000006399493,0.000008935604,0.0000032207308,0.000010823013,0.00025278292,0.0010280621,0.13320047,0.86517,0.00021540566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001277459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024125235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44306928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010630746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005794698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9833881},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243150762","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653965","title":"An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Cross-flow filtration; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.027343973660125,"score_gpt":0.259557209369588,"score_spread":0.23221323570946298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243150762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99686575,0.00016330236,0.000035906185,0.001326088,0.000071179595,0.00067689037,0.0000025564889,0.000043619093,0.00081470405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99799937,0.00029574343,0.0013023106,0.000074357384,0.00001573314,0.0001145435,0.000040772935,0.000012685867,0.00014446414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981513,0.00035369032,0.0005258328,0.0004013636,0.00039763417,0.00017017384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985389,0.00014478389,0.00027784173,0.0010004927,0.000011905256,0.000026090804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062308053,0.00023017937,0.000327319,0.00007501328,0.0000515838,0.000046164507,0.0006728648,0.00017125184,0.00035704253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025902364,0.000117783144,0.00009676503,0.00024954713,0.0004362894,0.00011138911,0.00024973153,0.00017135004,0.0000064696897],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004682176,0.00066707155,0.040256068,0.000223638,0.00011087073,0.000009563011,0.19473438,0.16616356,0.58327806,0.00054227666,0.000013050641,0.013954663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004309861,0.00027779228,0.012154182,0.000059826958,0.000047682817,0.000001481816,0.019441465,0.019385988,0.94200176,0.0058386046,0.00010820541,0.0002520199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008299091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003906112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35872373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015654054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003091587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243726266","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648316","title":"Characterization of microbial aggregates in relation to membrane biofouling in submerged membrane bioreactors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemistry; Microfiltration; Permeation; Bioreactor; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Biofilm; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0153709705483092,"score_gpt":0.23566885451903846,"score_spread":0.22029788397072927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243726266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967323,0.00002484399,0.00031298414,0.0006182176,0.00033483212,0.00087177346,0.000018508928,0.00011970242,0.0009668394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961192,0.0002933519,0.0027043198,0.000071092254,0.000017351338,0.00006113872,0.00047244036,0.000029010389,0.00023210999],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974699,0.00013580783,0.0009581613,0.0007722588,0.00034227592,0.00032159057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989142,0.00004356008,0.00039514448,0.0005643711,0.000022559478,0.0000601979],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049729063,0.0003183926,0.00054322067,0.0005605467,0.000026995402,0.000049486665,0.0004392362,0.00056442985,0.001666785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029492046,0.00033336625,0.000087945555,0.0011755101,0.000106005864,0.00029962944,0.000854775,0.00049960247,0.00007140682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003342226,0.00009881662,0.029684145,0.00008880051,0.0000068902027,0.0000074397376,0.00083509146,0.010193529,0.95743436,0.000018598086,0.0000039938573,0.0015949231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002765174,0.000017961649,0.1460522,0.00024144248,0.00000763137,0.0000014673105,0.00015113012,0.0013746014,0.8514444,0.00003593525,0.00008997927,0.00030673295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026810318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042456905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11636805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003522732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046653156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243877209","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(07)70012-5","title":"Acquisition strengthens GL&amp;V Water Treatment Group","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Engineering; Sewage treatment; Business; Group (periodic table); Water treatment; Waste management; Operations management; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013850187221071779,"score_gpt":0.2533507892886132,"score_spread":0.23950060206754142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243877209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9787245,0.000046901663,0.00227325,0.0022184476,0.00016650489,0.00036934702,0.000004900718,0.0017228402,0.01447332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920045,0.000052186624,0.0048573725,0.0001966746,0.000035185258,0.000051821742,0.00004985976,0.000028636636,0.002723732],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981104,0.000024369303,0.00036766118,0.0005449558,0.0002496005,0.000703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990039,0.000043183045,0.00007605214,0.00079647824,0.000010010982,0.000070414295],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003224796,0.00027602393,0.00026524233,0.0003210358,0.00018913628,0.000023359496,0.00044757957,0.0004276623,0.0053435974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031897605,0.00019991297,0.00007519904,0.00050070276,0.0005193708,0.00022084008,0.00025195818,0.00019127686,0.0055677434],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042915082,0.00019157262,0.0023773985,0.000005363422,0.000020905976,0.000036404963,0.00014230779,0.00007128201,0.9481039,0.0041616666,0.0002618461,0.044584434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005728313,0.00027090387,0.0006472685,0.0000040584428,0.000017454011,0.000066988716,0.00014942948,0.000028831888,0.8137268,0.0040471475,0.18021949,0.0002487879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011204178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045294096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17995764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036726843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003848826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99556565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244333275","doi":"10.1080/10408690091189293","title":"Membrane Processing of Fruit Juices and Beverages: A Review","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":185,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Reverse osmosis; Electrodialysis; Membrane; Chemistry; Food science; Membrane technology; Fruit juice; Filtration (mathematics); Process engineering; Membrane emulsification; Biochemical engineering; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.07933484351864203,"score_gpt":0.3799988680717842,"score_spread":0.3006640245531421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244333275","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000044978307,0.9965047,0.000006159549,0.0002638608,0.000026549005,0.0015361818,0.0000100178395,0.000025080255,0.0015824586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00018957646,0.9983756,0.0008525467,0.00020661732,0.0000141079345,0.00033285236,0.000005393819,0.000010204112,0.000013118236],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972113,0.00017777424,0.0010115086,0.0007230101,0.0005376292,0.0003388214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990967,0.00020246829,0.00021908611,0.00033031945,0.00003112277,0.00012033696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021653536,0.00029449858,0.001536749,0.00020523729,0.00015419634,0.0000698065,0.00047499902,0.00016896937,0.00025590515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021385094,0.00022112015,0.000100588426,0.0017320543,0.0022923404,0.0007107984,0.00020881047,0.0003034792,0.000042077692],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011118539,0.000056014396,6.9493325e-7,0.09612321,7.519973e-7,0.0000014764875,0.000014165373,7.087696e-9,0.00001312838,0.00017267284,0.00019885493,0.9034179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000720865,0.0001491681,0.0000021720698,0.13732785,0.00009784816,0.000048307877,0.000009605185,0.000006993314,0.000058499954,0.00059044553,0.86141163,0.00022541515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045632555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007117598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9031925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000095705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007016159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9017018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244388116","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654874.v1","title":"Investigation on membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Process engineering; Effluent; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.04901404057731384,"score_gpt":0.2559816994973338,"score_spread":0.20696765892001995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244388116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98113495,0.000016728714,0.0017783564,0.0005866578,0.00017405664,0.00037529413,0.0000026908772,0.00012559831,0.015805662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927924,0.000082046616,0.0065569095,0.00009435183,0.00001495535,0.00003631814,0.0001230157,0.000010773494,0.00028920942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847746,0.00009191102,0.00046704116,0.00045097797,0.00036123203,0.00015138084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992375,0.00005998758,0.00024345193,0.00041625366,0.00001344287,0.000029390934],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035780374,0.00017084125,0.00023635096,0.00012719768,0.000030540457,0.000031125754,0.00022353708,0.00035377732,0.0010936956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020553057,0.00017300868,0.00005767771,0.00028991746,0.00014050989,0.00017850492,0.00024264537,0.00038327737,0.00007259747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017227057,0.00006176527,0.012294743,0.000119996905,0.000009569444,0.0000035362725,0.00078565074,0.23505622,0.74716187,0.0005840216,0.0002839246,0.003621466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017028555,0.000038062357,0.013285795,0.00013810606,0.0000074666605,9.3514853e-7,0.00018812208,0.024975078,0.95886946,0.002090984,0.00004082271,0.00019487132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011268703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014475102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21170759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021665939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036483863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246360913","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14654874","title":"Investigation on membrane fouling in ultrafiltration of latex solution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Process engineering; Effluent; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.04901404057731384,"score_gpt":0.2559816994973338,"score_spread":0.20696765892001995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246360913","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98113495,0.000016728714,0.0017783564,0.0005866578,0.00017405664,0.00037529413,0.0000026908772,0.00012559831,0.015805662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927924,0.000082046616,0.0065569095,0.00009435183,0.00001495535,0.00003631814,0.0001230157,0.000010773494,0.00028920942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847746,0.00009191102,0.00046704116,0.00045097797,0.00036123203,0.00015138084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992375,0.00005998758,0.00024345193,0.00041625366,0.00001344287,0.000029390934],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035780374,0.00017084125,0.00023635096,0.00012719768,0.000030540457,0.000031125754,0.00022353708,0.00035377732,0.0010936956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020553057,0.00017300868,0.00005767771,0.00028991746,0.00014050989,0.00017850492,0.00024264537,0.00038327737,0.00007259747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017227057,0.00006176527,0.012294743,0.000119996905,0.000009569444,0.0000035362725,0.00078565074,0.23505622,0.74716187,0.0005840216,0.0002839246,0.003621466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017028555,0.000038062357,0.013285795,0.00013810606,0.0000074666605,9.3514853e-7,0.00018812208,0.024975078,0.95886946,0.002090984,0.00004082271,0.00019487132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011268703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014475102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21170759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021665939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036483863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248066929","doi":"10.22215/etd/2013-06372","title":"Influence of support media on membrane fouling reduction of water with different organic and inorganic matter content","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Heritage; Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.010975672981818814,"score_gpt":0.2094364155561168,"score_spread":0.198460742574298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248066929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99784213,0.0000068069226,0.0000058621536,0.00008511733,0.00006962907,0.000422431,0.0000032795788,0.000043347343,0.0015213867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949667,0.000066976565,0.0000954457,0.00003220249,0.000006887602,0.000027640634,0.00014163271,0.00002753303,0.004634991],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985621,0.000023425553,0.00045296722,0.00036353074,0.0004139474,0.00018404769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992749,0.000028243197,0.00027441516,0.00033660055,0.00004042712,0.00004539932],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007688371,0.0002527519,0.0003786637,0.00010894576,0.000034192082,0.000013171183,0.00020488062,0.0002120916,0.010111246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023688795,0.00014831239,0.000029466648,0.000098465855,0.00018236271,0.00018015485,0.00006154864,0.0001818953,0.00027300607],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007139901,0.000049456394,0.0046893847,0.0001425553,0.00002437479,5.5932736e-7,0.0011592492,0.00012758495,0.9933906,0.000022126324,0.000107694716,0.0002149768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002285674,0.0001971582,0.11716145,0.0000729459,0.00003833315,0.0000064937567,0.0010505792,0.000007230869,0.88100654,0.000057756286,0.000007479183,0.00016544886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022564566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022404805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11247207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057210185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009629523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99079365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248960307","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14653965.v1","title":"An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Pulmonary surfactant; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Permeation; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Critical micelle concentration; Wastewater; Materials science; Micelle; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.027343973660125,"score_gpt":0.259557209369588,"score_spread":0.23221323570946298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248960307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99686575,0.00016330236,0.000035906185,0.001326088,0.000071179595,0.00067689037,0.0000025564889,0.000043619093,0.00081470405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99799937,0.00029574343,0.0013023106,0.000074357384,0.00001573314,0.0001145435,0.000040772935,0.000012685867,0.00014446414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981513,0.00035369032,0.0005258328,0.0004013636,0.00039763417,0.00017017384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985389,0.00014478389,0.00027784173,0.0010004927,0.000011905256,0.000026090804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062308053,0.00023017937,0.000327319,0.00007501328,0.0000515838,0.000046164507,0.0006728648,0.00017125184,0.00035704253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025902364,0.000117783144,0.00009676503,0.00024954713,0.0004362894,0.00011138911,0.00024973153,0.00017135004,0.0000064696897],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004682176,0.00066707155,0.040256068,0.000223638,0.00011087073,0.000009563011,0.19473438,0.16616356,0.58327806,0.00054227666,0.000013050641,0.013954663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004309861,0.00027779228,0.012154182,0.000059826958,0.000047682817,0.000001481816,0.019441465,0.019385988,0.94200176,0.0058386046,0.00010820541,0.0002520199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008299091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003906112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35872373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015654054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003091587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250662573","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(20)30113-0","title":"Ultra-high-pressure RO system set to save water and money and reduce waste","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Waste management; High pressure; Environmental science; Set (abstract data type); Engineering; Business; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.011799326149935797,"score_gpt":0.21844215242459195,"score_spread":0.20664282627465616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250662573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97046596,0.00014233573,0.00023373165,0.025547298,0.00007405962,0.0005353132,0.000022005697,0.0011745486,0.0018047532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974076,0.000046260277,0.0015560413,0.0005103744,0.000024624424,0.000065884444,0.00000826622,0.000026453172,0.00035447406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983356,0.000038337843,0.00028084047,0.00071197026,0.00020384525,0.00042938336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927586,0.000025922227,0.000057102206,0.0004742471,0.00001030492,0.00015655487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014349527,0.00024778547,0.00035606287,0.0001344524,0.00014389188,0.000038102415,0.00044192275,0.0003420505,0.00023034718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011287962,0.0001955499,0.000021355008,0.00040536418,0.0004168526,0.0001478175,0.00057263655,0.00028198765,0.0004526112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039525454,0.000009950386,0.00059840654,0.0001066627,0.000023185805,0.00003225171,0.0006134703,0.00062687916,0.99175864,0.002098836,0.0015272906,0.002564889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004064178,0.00021347092,0.00012046343,0.000018439468,0.000031897227,0.00009531101,0.0014683122,0.00078863045,0.977743,0.000307711,0.018534036,0.0002722996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081555976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019402743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026941666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035767072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000413652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7974294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4250844460","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22875","title":"How do ions enhance the transfer during nanofiltration of saccharides? experimental assessment of the dehydration assumption","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Dehydration; Chemistry; Ion; Bar (unit); Paragraph; Chromatography; Computer science; Physics; Membrane; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Meteorology","score_opus":0.010755632366535936,"score_gpt":0.2336578788756487,"score_spread":0.22290224650911278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4250844460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99658656,0.00004888663,0.0010910516,0.0018998493,0.00012765569,0.00011148694,0.0000024788612,0.00000390446,0.00012810751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996683,0.000003549984,0.0002546527,0.000009270553,0.000031980086,0.0000046933974,2.8499835e-7,0.000005992672,0.000021284735],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993264,0.000017763234,0.00022295809,0.00006539744,0.0002473884,0.00012006423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993996,0.000031066953,0.00019156946,0.00030569278,0.00001997605,0.000052098792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024780922,0.000075776756,0.000102933824,0.000025445266,0.00021757904,0.00007693728,0.0005996211,0.000050601946,0.000057196525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013328422,0.00004334357,0.00007289362,0.0000639074,0.00022482673,0.0002790313,0.000028228977,0.00019571341,4.491676e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021739922,0.000004612504,0.0006338489,0.000005737409,0.000009017175,4.3932403e-7,0.0002508284,0.009642751,0.9888067,0.00047724246,0.000011776437,0.00015485761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000095035655,0.000013542801,0.012208271,0.000039098293,0.000011656983,0.0000136903,0.000057861416,0.0024761052,0.9849442,0.000059904978,0.00003421951,0.000046406418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003560539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004532505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011574422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019904488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057418314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17674994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253732433","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14662725","title":"In-Situ Ultrasound-Assisted Control of Polymeric Membrane Fouling","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Effluent; Cross-flow filtration; Volumetric flow rate; Membrane technology; Materials science; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.015013921329698997,"score_gpt":0.25083925127528933,"score_spread":0.23582532994559033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253732433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9232051,0.0003286591,0.0073253736,0.0006489627,0.00038611074,0.00051327323,0.000008344406,0.0001948811,0.06738931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941489,0.0001565536,0.0041515916,0.0002762523,0.0000154518,0.000048268583,0.000023132274,0.000018865308,0.0011609682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800265,0.00009886683,0.00060153584,0.00059920544,0.00041493578,0.00028279354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865276,0.00020928643,0.0003020148,0.0007726951,0.000012844833,0.000050373957],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026108863,0.00026509885,0.0005631912,0.000120210876,0.000031723725,0.000042733398,0.0005842195,0.00037259187,0.0061057904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002376169,0.0002535422,0.00014644224,0.00039881014,0.0002589374,0.00015101893,0.0006043124,0.00046778817,0.000104878134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017138202,0.00011971365,0.0063597076,0.00007878941,0.000034847326,0.000022014676,0.00018778406,0.007135575,0.98374265,0.00012232448,0.00014582921,0.002033641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007066512,0.00003092696,0.03368002,0.00007710685,0.000036573176,0.000023625827,0.00054029224,0.00078993227,0.963092,0.00037650613,0.00022904004,0.00041727407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013077776,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009819356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07094383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016317362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045494187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253827638","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663802","title":"Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Ultrasonic sensor; Cross-flow filtration; Membrane; Ceramic; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.017474056699379632,"score_gpt":0.252545121148765,"score_spread":0.23507106444938536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253827638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642701,0.00007240257,0.012565157,0.00083491084,0.0005660051,0.00092717464,0.000011831126,0.00047369118,0.020278716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99507374,0.00015870022,0.0029287883,0.00054040627,0.000038412876,0.00016444993,0.00015997542,0.000030228599,0.00090527564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972352,0.00017864503,0.00075705134,0.00094978936,0.00048075174,0.00039861136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985889,0.00022077112,0.00026761586,0.00082972954,0.000020548987,0.000072424846],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042090873,0.00039560685,0.0005411032,0.00014725291,0.00007134787,0.00023442875,0.00063602306,0.00053924706,0.00519178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000337617,0.000386045,0.00017325497,0.00032054502,0.0001901756,0.00025796398,0.00041050068,0.00090371113,0.00025634177],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000483611,0.00033240483,0.023795238,0.00013442329,0.00007526283,0.00007999242,0.0007312048,0.08121461,0.87859607,0.00015738171,0.0007388363,0.01409622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040725423,0.00017405185,0.366564,0.0006392643,0.0001735761,0.0001978131,0.0036265624,0.07172859,0.54686326,0.0021660833,0.0009460431,0.0028482366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010955003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031462363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3427688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005947164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053798376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254179055","doi":"10.1016/s0958-2118(21)00017-3","title":"Alfa Laval buys US company that specialises in RO process technology for beverage concentration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Engineering; Manufacturing engineering; Business; Management; Economics","score_opus":0.016844320961047078,"score_gpt":0.2674394486622522,"score_spread":0.2505951277012051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254179055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817818,0.000338433,0.0011393382,0.009624734,0.0002766388,0.0009616561,0.000028154749,0.0012047767,0.0046444815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952993,0.00022467037,0.0031289568,0.00027453192,0.000034904286,0.00037663156,0.000054694483,0.000037099784,0.00056922215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975085,0.000047168145,0.0005167116,0.000881122,0.00031859384,0.0007278496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988304,0.00009066997,0.00021528544,0.0007549503,0.000056264784,0.000052456973],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023597376,0.00032761708,0.00053897215,0.00037727522,0.00018642705,0.000043551765,0.0007921241,0.00076635135,0.0010701837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005241815,0.00034450184,0.00007417398,0.0020509765,0.0008733947,0.00031027413,0.0003344772,0.00046067344,0.00018965756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015276378,0.00065171666,0.2404798,0.0001763062,0.000057770852,0.00030368706,0.00037581316,0.0032469002,0.6969348,0.022883264,0.0024939466,0.032243192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013890689,0.00012570908,0.0040207687,0.000032268985,0.000016415142,0.00012114301,0.00085611915,0.0008824784,0.95197827,0.020576064,0.019597687,0.00040403957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005437159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013509874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2550434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023965118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008412867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254658003","doi":"10.1016/s0376-7388(04)00190-5","title":"Effects of ethanol concentration on flux and gel formation in dead end ultrafiltration of PEG and dextran*1","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Dextran; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Chemistry; Polyethylene glycol; Membrane; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Osmotic pressure; PEG ratio; Size-exclusion chromatography; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Solvent; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008065452257486222,"score_gpt":0.23785909525350882,"score_spread":0.2297936429960226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254658003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976927,0.000080485945,0.0011122248,0.0002522432,0.000057734458,0.00019802443,8.088834e-7,0.0000057918896,0.0006000066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977323,0.00021408066,0.002006329,0.000031397725,0.0000061095207,0.0000015149456,3.3665805e-7,0.0000026385321,0.0000052992577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986755,0.00003767073,0.00044729013,0.00013446786,0.0005681614,0.00013686062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992598,0.0001239983,0.0004310466,0.000090398644,0.000040029605,0.00005470646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078611897,0.000083868785,0.00017587827,0.000162773,0.000056453155,0.000021362073,0.00018382953,0.0000555517,0.000016779362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004136017,0.00006901739,0.000021485379,0.00044505502,0.00069793186,0.0011865372,0.0000251187,0.00012579007,0.0000018517858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041267627,0.0000541856,0.001097029,0.00006129548,0.0000013419536,0.0000034598836,0.00097559474,0.0033345742,0.98914886,0.00041565113,0.0000025441961,0.0048641753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009416452,0.0003982558,0.040832605,0.00011770965,0.0000075448966,0.0000671537,0.00012731476,0.00084633805,0.9558959,0.000702029,0.0000045891843,0.000058911428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003855471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030690786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039735578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009458446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004609953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28144476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254708462","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14663802.v1","title":"Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Ultrafiltration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Ultrasonic sensor; Membrane; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Medicine; Mechanics","score_opus":0.017474056699379632,"score_gpt":0.252545121148765,"score_spread":0.23507106444938536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254708462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642701,0.00007240257,0.012565157,0.00083491084,0.0005660051,0.00092717464,0.000011831126,0.00047369118,0.020278716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99507374,0.00015870022,0.0029287883,0.00054040627,0.000038412876,0.00016444993,0.00015997542,0.000030228599,0.00090527564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972352,0.00017864503,0.00075705134,0.00094978936,0.00048075174,0.00039861136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985889,0.00022077112,0.00026761586,0.00082972954,0.000020548987,0.000072424846],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042090873,0.00039560685,0.0005411032,0.00014725291,0.00007134787,0.00023442875,0.00063602306,0.00053924706,0.00519178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000337617,0.000386045,0.00017325497,0.00032054502,0.0001901756,0.00025796398,0.00041050068,0.00090371113,0.00025634177],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000483611,0.00033240483,0.023795238,0.00013442329,0.00007526283,0.00007999242,0.0007312048,0.08121461,0.87859607,0.00015738171,0.0007388363,0.01409622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040725423,0.00017405185,0.366564,0.0006392643,0.0001735761,0.0001978131,0.0036265624,0.07172859,0.54686326,0.0021660833,0.0009460431,0.0028482366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010955003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031462363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3427688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005947164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053798376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256255312","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14648892.v1","title":"Design, construction and evaluation OFAN experimental ceramic membrane facility with investigation into fouling control","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Effluent; Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Biofouling; Aqueous solution; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03347423675249399,"score_gpt":0.27035860844247284,"score_spread":0.23688437168997883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256255312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9101423,0.00013953722,0.08708098,0.00029073592,0.00012949525,0.0014679783,0.0000042351476,0.00021966586,0.0005250502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94327766,0.000024009145,0.056170765,0.00009030109,0.000011768242,0.0002586044,0.00011887709,0.000011118739,0.00003688701],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976237,0.00034713896,0.00036973844,0.0008231125,0.00065483485,0.00018146815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910414,0.00007078836,0.00024891316,0.0004462687,0.000050552368,0.00007932516],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077708316,0.00029585508,0.0003045747,0.000069929905,0.0001749792,0.00017107798,0.00016386801,0.0003063869,0.001681145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103592756,0.00026495557,0.000035544763,0.00014811504,0.00067530177,0.00037312513,0.00031961696,0.0003345106,0.000028881755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010596202,0.00005296626,0.00863849,0.000084093386,0.00007237482,0.000003129403,0.0026985977,0.14350575,0.82411146,0.000055752676,0.00004369243,0.020627707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011257384,0.00011630394,0.0027150454,0.000047791367,0.0000833635,0.00002428765,0.002888936,0.1283863,0.86272866,0.0014614328,0.000009574625,0.00041257954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008338493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024350137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038617153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000507549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010071285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256294493","doi":"10.31224/osf.io/rzxf3","title":"How does porosity heterogeneity affect the transport properties of multibore filtration membranes?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; RWTH Aachen University; Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover; European Regional Development Fund; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Alberta","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Permeation; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Backwashing; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.029003882822403054,"score_gpt":0.2395290385685752,"score_spread":0.21052515574617214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256294493","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99473125,0.00019452248,0.0011496266,0.0017154803,0.00022373411,0.00094192364,0.00002619216,0.00021440537,0.0008028673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747634,0.00020257762,0.0010523704,0.00007138266,0.000020608273,0.00011001551,0.00006816475,0.000016711037,0.0009818467],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816793,0.00014227576,0.0003307168,0.0006033025,0.0005403798,0.0002153976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985883,0.000032485634,0.00027598895,0.0010348677,0.00003013615,0.000038211645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003511629,0.00030794658,0.00038516082,0.00003147212,0.00013764069,0.00010497657,0.00071976264,0.0003437368,0.0005211678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095963216,0.00015925578,0.00022533115,0.0001463739,0.00055693893,0.0002681463,0.000503641,0.00039587746,0.000009249245],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003470272,0.00016133056,0.03905054,0.0006373201,0.00007949025,0.000006885665,0.0011854365,0.007015852,0.9498748,0.00003617677,0.00011455034,0.0018029212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001008395,0.00002178583,0.04172275,0.00005304731,0.000040759445,0.000003483326,0.00066740386,0.0007140472,0.9562461,0.00005811596,0.00014796537,0.00022373961],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011982886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0065470566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0063712727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007786559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036606256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6494262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280557848","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2022.118593","title":"Performance evaluation of an industrial ceramic nanofiltration unit for wastewater treatment in oil production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Energy Efficiency; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Wastewater; Membrane; Industrial wastewater treatment; Ceramic membrane; Bar (unit); Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Oil field; Ceramic; Sewage treatment; Ion; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.21695676432803324,"score_gpt":0.3810469728646076,"score_spread":0.16409020853657436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280557848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99795365,0.0000028241616,3.3617607e-7,0.00053045084,0.0000937672,0.00077369483,0.0000047418184,0.000019630692,0.0006209071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99664664,0.000006195056,0.000076126875,0.0000019211968,0.00002762413,0.0012145592,0.00010891653,0.000007851539,0.001910183],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99796164,0.00047177006,0.00019222598,0.0002649924,0.00086454436,0.00024485114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996408,0.0000099188,0.000028674607,0.00026461808,0.000037359572,0.00001860228],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035657347,0.00006261417,0.000077901735,0.00018739309,0.00022590642,0.000015551,0.00017546894,0.000043298267,0.0011567215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005470521,0.000046697645,0.0000150977285,0.00030203775,0.00009677552,0.00028868677,0.000113488175,0.00012763478,0.00003602189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024217223,0.0002433261,0.006063286,0.000008888171,0.000004006278,3.2071702e-7,0.0019206826,0.06549584,0.79751194,0.000008600366,0.00009192131,0.12840903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086641323,0.00090675167,0.0016922592,0.0000030399465,0.0000044371895,0.0000019762258,0.00063748617,0.03674931,0.9571371,0.00031643696,0.0016227266,0.00006206064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041018942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019358497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15962517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006647171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004247354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281608123","doi":"10.3390/polym14112264","title":"Water Treatment Using High Performance Antifouling Ultrafiltration Polyether Sulfone Membranes Incorporated with Activated Carbon","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Contact angle; Phase inversion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Bovine serum albumin; Fouling; Chromatography; Porosity; Filtration (mathematics); Swelling; Activated carbon; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017083752487387017,"score_gpt":0.21528233041647576,"score_spread":0.19819857792908874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281608123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99782944,0.000023923601,0.000022740864,0.0002745901,0.00009682668,0.00027189386,0.0000061224814,0.00022323441,0.0012512255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987957,0.000014778148,0.000268696,0.00007344241,0.000014010737,0.000049555532,0.000051917224,0.000028492781,0.00070341246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987453,0.000073305404,0.00018687395,0.00033634895,0.00034061502,0.00031753714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995693,0.0000153905,0.00010472916,0.0002613797,0.0000055015566,0.0000436933],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000106992564,0.00019551904,0.00016441719,0.00009015422,0.00038851216,0.000025005056,0.00016377016,0.000047745474,0.0022603334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030335675,0.00013842135,0.000022651491,0.00041085097,0.00016356862,0.0002957043,0.00007569838,0.000117904805,0.000026324906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012458282,0.00006124481,0.006562382,0.0000042553943,0.000024089635,0.000007290175,0.00047381653,0.07774363,0.91314375,0.0000045006377,0.0000019685092,0.0018484705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052904023,0.00031483654,0.0010864087,0.0000037653751,0.00002551303,0.000026428379,0.00045966168,0.009085492,0.9880304,0.000007553816,0.00021006554,0.00022085768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033528334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047071568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.074886605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003924174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002248173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99865174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281675480","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135211","title":"Effects of water matrix on the rejection of neutral pharmaceutically active compound by thin-film composite nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research; National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Thin-film composite membrane; Chromatography; Permeation; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008185778087488653,"score_gpt":0.23362249077954955,"score_spread":0.2254367126920609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281675480","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964396,0.000056456818,0.00001740496,0.00095330045,0.00007007816,0.00041529894,0.000011606637,0.000043953423,0.0019922985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989982,0.000043046894,0.00020150153,0.00020148329,0.00000472955,0.000041217925,0.0000136883455,0.00000937073,0.00048676122],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991128,0.000113375114,0.00018421283,0.00021139138,0.00024551153,0.00013271009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995173,0.00016174775,0.00011033031,0.00017744169,0.00000882756,0.000024325824],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017079432,0.00011406932,0.00015156779,0.00000826386,0.00019766224,0.000011375855,0.00018990625,0.000048245038,0.0011251528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001814776,0.000078550576,0.000041535994,0.00014538704,0.0002507408,0.00012203741,0.00015920961,0.0001728896,0.000015541757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016879708,0.00010622845,0.00036393927,0.0000694451,0.000019521398,0.0000011956864,0.000549048,0.001927126,0.99303347,0.00008759748,0.0032765528,0.0003970517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003798168,0.00014326697,0.00077011506,0.000008157119,0.00002913288,0.000005994701,0.00043470555,0.0012466187,0.9946352,0.00024392808,0.0020152105,0.000087822584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010289855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004578658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025585983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007474026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000427626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281841416","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156414","title":"Evaluation of membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor: Effects of SRT","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Photobioreactor; Membrane; Biofouling; Chemistry; Membrane bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biology; Biotechnology; Biofuel; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013236814167719511,"score_gpt":0.23112629211750438,"score_spread":0.21788947794978486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281841416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975397,0.000052856336,0.0000039275224,0.00020376772,0.0002448271,0.00094936334,0.000008638288,0.000009264856,0.0009876674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996354,0.000016542106,0.00016352476,0.000006980935,0.000005916893,0.000079560064,0.0000011511698,0.00000786806,0.00008304618],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99636257,0.00034766775,0.00043511498,0.00031632083,0.0022865306,0.00025180177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986014,0.00011826736,0.0004482361,0.00079480594,0.000009237359,0.000028066197],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043047876,0.00013557613,0.0002247166,0.00008702944,0.00020051721,0.000007122486,0.0012797886,0.000033485518,0.001773813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025118332,0.00008989807,0.000091714806,0.0005617767,0.0019527896,0.00016500961,0.0013816727,0.00017350365,0.000015301413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028055007,0.00012639872,0.000074405194,0.000012963665,0.000006116533,1.7546395e-7,0.0006797539,0.16486736,0.8331348,0.00002657673,0.0000058731443,0.0010375547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005563339,0.0001330956,0.018324401,0.000015022467,0.000052824802,0.0000056565036,0.00028615483,0.0073676235,0.9728317,0.0003187364,0.000017308417,0.00009111066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031902405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000053469485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15749973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005327439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006899105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283027621","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115900","title":"Modifying cellulose nanocrystal dispersibility to address the permeability/selectivity trade-off of thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Nanofiltration; Forward osmosis; Zeta potential; Nanoparticle; Contact angle; Monomer; Surface modification; Polymer chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Permeation; Composite material","score_opus":0.017339497274947366,"score_gpt":0.24922172200094717,"score_spread":0.23188222472599979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283027621","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99425125,0.00004513294,0.00059274875,0.0025478804,0.00013582669,0.0009529297,0.00005767399,0.0001434751,0.0012730793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987743,0.000006630092,0.00055214483,0.00017829139,0.000011031232,0.00016533317,0.000026565094,0.0000147133005,0.0002709794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976713,0.0004901726,0.00035759687,0.0005056183,0.0007258952,0.00024943927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989465,0.00021031723,0.00018565249,0.0005808813,0.000020491798,0.000056169833],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013558746,0.00016894391,0.00020329353,0.000080967686,0.0005376552,0.000030212981,0.0005707516,0.000067967936,0.0009469763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026495403,0.00014396847,0.00011379546,0.00083820673,0.00032862223,0.00031483138,0.00046969278,0.000258883,0.000024357281],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026626745,0.000638466,0.022009319,0.000100567195,0.000029331675,0.0000036041833,0.009888761,0.083464086,0.87233293,0.0010050465,0.0020310278,0.008230621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006038439,0.000410436,0.067915216,0.000012574393,0.00005580124,0.000015090098,0.0031037056,0.06094738,0.85695016,0.0014138366,0.008114719,0.0004572523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006597321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026548107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045905896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004957597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022194406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283378057","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c07078","title":"Desalination Process Design Assisted by Osmotic Power for High Water Recovery and Low Energy Consumption","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Energy consumption; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Water-energy nexus; Environmental science; Osmotic power; Geothermal desalination; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Energy (signal processing); Mathematics","score_opus":0.005321739589068405,"score_gpt":0.1901614458595818,"score_spread":0.1848397062705134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283378057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95050883,0.00008408373,0.04867636,0.00016281137,0.000033676286,0.0002310679,0.0000066894086,0.0002018352,0.000094654206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954606,0.000010721852,0.0007184676,0.000026334104,0.0000068397544,0.0003979153,0.00009044123,0.000024091576,0.0032645315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904484,0.000011054207,0.00015564701,0.0002817359,0.00017031313,0.00033641927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968475,0.000054215136,0.000046736026,0.00015320392,0.000021360791,0.000039750197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021980006,0.00013785569,0.00010893622,0.00002806074,0.00020165161,0.00004542983,0.00015574104,0.00007167382,0.00045057584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010759717,0.00014138364,0.000017766206,0.000121444966,0.000036949772,0.00024348708,0.00015648984,0.00009933206,0.0000020233372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025313993,0.000033564895,0.000050385315,0.00022457373,0.000011457842,0.000007196483,0.00008780939,0.14494194,0.853357,0.00010985119,0.00071774074,0.00043315106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029796048,0.00004367115,0.00005630858,0.000004423125,0.000010538091,0.000016597478,0.00032446426,0.0077016423,0.9876556,0.0006883082,0.0029972547,0.00020325524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014529304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.907076e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13724029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041971228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010389449,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5765458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283641349","doi":"10.12968/s0958-2118(22)70063-8","title":"Aquaporin forms partnership to distribute its FO products in North America","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"General partnership; Business; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Finance; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Membrane","score_opus":0.019280675763981722,"score_gpt":0.24521596506545548,"score_spread":0.22593528930147377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283641349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97753745,0.000060219543,0.00009599875,0.0154431565,0.00010578287,0.0009040218,0.0000314881,0.00093890826,0.0048829606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961114,0.00002022782,0.0008692808,0.00044760035,0.000011294864,0.00084179454,0.00005456696,0.000026461777,0.0016174092],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976136,0.000059519887,0.0004061076,0.00077665603,0.0004329973,0.0007111225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886954,0.000034340213,0.00013546001,0.0008744699,0.000011463773,0.00007471647],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027821158,0.00024344955,0.00032987783,0.00044138037,0.00022955652,0.000015478274,0.0011853689,0.00011798137,0.0019290948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042732945,0.000244244,0.000038880964,0.004726491,0.00025198353,0.00016834943,0.0014354073,0.00058173185,0.0013869632],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00061085925,0.0019577972,0.25202098,0.00019126174,0.00008087024,0.00090681104,0.002978622,0.08685841,0.40777236,0.020919695,0.041447215,0.18425511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008152218,0.0008061098,0.010299982,0.0000056802696,0.000011987498,0.00008108721,0.0016236953,0.0005428275,0.2683274,0.0017052394,0.7150191,0.0007617105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007182486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008215952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6735719,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043910556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028638871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283731653","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115934","title":"Microfiltration pretreatment of polymer-flooding produced wastewater before desalination: Role of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in membrane fouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Chongqing Technology and Business University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Membrane; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Wastewater; Divalent; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.00795475229483507,"score_gpt":0.21974385000807814,"score_spread":0.21178909771324306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283731653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984956,0.0001433678,0.0000671843,0.0002672701,0.00004766815,0.00043627986,0.000011253361,0.000037691938,0.0004936779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839664,0.00001116179,0.0012999822,0.000009864194,0.000007403827,0.000088679466,0.000054073207,0.000010848586,0.0001213372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880373,0.000094233415,0.00037931217,0.00026333,0.00032994561,0.00012942472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951106,0.000029986346,0.00023783247,0.000184113,0.000018304803,0.000018719358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043669296,0.000104629304,0.00015561936,0.0001743277,0.000095533054,0.000009703739,0.00012476972,0.000051791412,0.00016800768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059101185,0.00010660181,0.000026127731,0.00041569993,0.00008027295,0.00025424483,0.00012990512,0.00008607122,0.0000026416878],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034945355,0.000119645774,0.042498045,0.000032608987,0.000008267407,9.11209e-7,0.0028301354,0.0043179346,0.9414007,0.0013680452,0.0000059432386,0.007382823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044815615,0.00018948058,0.01600636,0.000011855069,0.000012599409,0.000006018103,0.0009959511,0.0062736077,0.9750957,0.0008391516,0.000034339297,0.00008678528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021823078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013205853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018515544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013700605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43470955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283821915","doi":"10.1111/wej.12811","title":"Development of novel mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for oil sands wastewater treatment: A critical review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water and Environment Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Produced water; Commercialization; Reuse; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Biofouling; Desalination; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Business; Chemistry","score_opus":0.07710256694593155,"score_gpt":0.3155717134006446,"score_spread":0.23846914645471307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283821915","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00022630455,0.9983324,0.00013413279,0.00021719407,0.00017257509,0.00049094245,0.00005533261,0.000024640254,0.0003464809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001782836,0.98767346,0.00990392,0.00003214063,0.000042666186,0.0004124147,0.00014278365,0.00004949548,0.001725272],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723965,0.000103082784,0.0011840191,0.0004957797,0.00048702655,0.0004904153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990949,0.00011314338,0.00028537982,0.0003486132,0.0000026420057,0.00015530646],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007042742,0.0005175483,0.0013666784,0.00011108607,0.0004140612,0.000047177375,0.00040073183,0.00017197363,0.007220252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028173723,0.00030378284,0.00040526965,0.00006460919,0.00024483306,0.00015174547,0.000432406,0.00027316558,0.00009524443],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014320191,0.00026990756,0.0000022145437,0.012460771,0.00015497005,0.00001061506,0.00027604864,0.00001934631,0.00039113764,0.0000071422305,0.00038548495,0.98600805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047707456,0.00015456046,8.572848e-7,0.0020338811,0.0006611157,0.00039654595,0.00003641164,0.000009061167,0.0015619348,0.000025827172,0.99426705,0.00037570263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022337151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011368949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9938815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004462697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031939486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285039010","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2022.115964","title":"Janus membrane prepared via one step depositing coatings onto PVDF/PDMS membrane for simultaneous antiwetting and antifouling in DCMD","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Materials science; Janus; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.013804966083869526,"score_gpt":0.24718007182895735,"score_spread":0.23337510574508782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285039010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829717,0.00006354856,0.014084946,0.00036865892,0.0001040705,0.0010609414,0.000015871587,0.00025795712,0.0010722628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98052007,0.000011560189,0.018845597,0.000116346724,0.000026558018,0.00018450162,0.00008388538,0.00003264397,0.00017881935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997917,0.00013496638,0.0005258279,0.0005657962,0.0004830659,0.00037334856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988168,0.00055356533,0.00031576978,0.00023450115,0.000027401604,0.000051982704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010823311,0.00019404525,0.00026115708,0.0001557847,0.00054248807,0.000076106655,0.00025223262,0.00009736832,0.00013526517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007463731,0.00023261343,0.00004394357,0.00047519148,0.00009059678,0.0003627498,0.0002981464,0.0002280854,0.000009241337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011841794,0.00014465021,0.008096069,0.00011256701,0.000012223669,0.000020703568,0.001989829,0.08504535,0.86839765,0.00023028716,0.000021453812,0.03581077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013571978,0.00022019698,0.0022463158,0.00004099601,0.000028556435,0.000056692174,0.0015252355,0.6952506,0.29798555,0.00040913973,0.00047661454,0.00040290516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005288484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005836672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61020523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003620746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013943615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285098376","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120817","title":"Membrane fouling prediction and uncertainty analysis using machine learning: A wastewater treatment plant case study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Mean squared error; Random forest; Fouling; Artificial neural network; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hyperparameter; Computer science; Environmental science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.02894644718359843,"score_gpt":0.2750552278110729,"score_spread":0.24610878062747446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285098376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99917036,0.000052112253,0.00007454196,0.00012910129,0.00016903074,0.00027191825,0.000017055227,0.00003822992,0.0000776655],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988953,0.000042465377,0.0008834532,0.000019437424,0.000023360953,0.000008390252,0.0000022595052,0.0000087714425,0.000116592],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723005,0.00024162632,0.0005901604,0.00042124308,0.0011895569,0.00032736734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891675,0.00009388815,0.0005158762,0.0002779754,0.000030696963,0.00016480708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025207119,0.0001920074,0.0003876923,0.00065390824,0.0012636344,0.00010817123,0.000414457,0.000029926367,0.00065306405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012326677,0.00014360325,0.000113413305,0.0021123094,0.0003987422,0.0005732496,0.00040829417,0.00035502392,0.0000025914803],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008764985,0.00027375255,0.055501707,0.0000041254807,0.000116174495,0.0013726278,0.0034161333,0.76314265,0.17542543,0.0000026700066,0.000002349755,0.0006547486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020907947,0.003329227,0.0025584444,0.000008682697,0.0009541976,0.018332172,0.026982479,0.884926,0.05981401,0.000019815392,0.00065088086,0.00033327148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015680393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003036213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12178338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069608545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078064935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9718982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285188939","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202200083","title":"Perspectives on Surface Functionalization of Polymeric Membranes with Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles for Water/Wastewater Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Biofouling; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009487159511883368,"score_gpt":0.1995429634648649,"score_spread":0.19005580395298152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285188939","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99871874,0.00008027638,0.00020426926,0.0006267404,0.000040003284,0.00023945826,0.000031566124,0.000009152104,0.00004979821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967986,0.00006388737,0.0028239274,0.0001840651,0.0000069075218,0.00001446608,0.000011602692,0.000011825683,0.000084729516],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988032,0.000051123454,0.00045637076,0.00009136239,0.00043752565,0.0001604241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993885,0.000062616986,0.0003757864,0.00012596288,0.0000029370326,0.000044179164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025904537,0.00014961477,0.00022437837,0.00008248567,0.0001641468,0.000016690134,0.00012489736,0.000019803114,0.00053778896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006819476,0.00009533822,0.000078556586,0.00006779056,0.00025004137,0.0004474087,0.000086245585,0.000075247626,0.0000067641695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033608868,0.00017928619,0.0010739341,0.000013861504,0.00011449334,0.0000023425557,0.004180477,0.14501499,0.84878635,0.000020116226,0.000057544836,0.00022052921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012765529,0.0019698462,0.002163412,0.0000060933216,0.00011762776,0.00013628117,0.01696901,0.0010822213,0.9743725,0.000024780773,0.0017183222,0.0001633564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008037155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5171473e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14393276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027348983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004138132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5888412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285191416","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4158411","title":"Robust Pani-Entangled Cnts Electro-Responsive Membranes for Enhanced In-Situ Generation of H2o2 and Effective Separation of Charged Contaminants","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; In situ; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014282013640551981,"score_gpt":0.25462556786029616,"score_spread":0.24034355421974418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285191416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99084204,0.00056340476,0.007323675,0.0001299517,0.00007683343,0.0008707825,0.000007719055,0.000015074185,0.0001705362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986434,0.00073105417,0.00017015051,0.000027843224,0.00002190157,0.00015431865,0.00001532812,0.00001393572,0.00022204027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980268,0.00025829652,0.00041903774,0.00025776008,0.0003211494,0.0007169521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922925,0.00013239964,0.00043176126,0.00013065145,0.000048624654,0.000027331846],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015195784,0.00014423343,0.0002917333,0.00016777423,0.00021399873,0.000010949896,0.0001955548,0.00006406397,0.0000874324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019846295,0.00014230682,0.00006395998,0.00029064552,0.00009261326,0.00025032475,0.000076291544,0.0005102576,0.0000025552179],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00054104975,0.00009383837,0.0010891858,0.000015311578,0.00004307487,7.0830947e-7,0.0005648662,0.0034876845,0.9853727,0.0017325942,0.000026683038,0.0070322854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019760295,0.0017222194,0.0035246012,0.000008192895,0.000031432162,0.00006374647,0.0018083164,0.001845457,0.9821443,0.0066291806,0.000087016444,0.0001595108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046305257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0078014047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00091221125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019787342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58031034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285199445","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4132448","title":"On the Filtration of Oily Wastewater Systems Using Ceramic Membranes: Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Ceramic; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.013607476809596994,"score_gpt":0.21320006643466227,"score_spread":0.19959258962506526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285199445","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969421,0.00018361754,0.0013806428,0.00059219066,0.000106629006,0.00056606083,0.0000071727754,0.000021402651,0.00020019319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994642,0.000036475427,0.00005136859,0.000036771024,0.000013803397,0.000046443634,0.0000016432716,0.000011782836,0.00033750772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99823904,0.00025877802,0.00034852303,0.00014479224,0.00055539643,0.00045346105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991348,0.000057632715,0.00047246847,0.00030296302,0.000017235285,0.0000149002535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015904122,0.000109449225,0.00013237628,0.000059101178,0.00045995973,0.000024783236,0.0005704201,0.00005517232,0.00016302541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006948438,0.000065684784,0.00007187975,0.00035108984,0.00022406015,0.00013745241,0.00013178417,0.000961272,0.000002083389],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022679962,0.000023850185,0.0006611372,0.00001544041,0.000027864822,8.766587e-8,0.00035289425,0.09938451,0.88761693,0.011809929,0.00003324065,0.000051439285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006478304,0.0006790232,0.0016318791,0.00008642536,0.000106674546,0.00059773744,0.007579633,0.024361929,0.9181511,0.04539189,0.00048231438,0.00028355396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025470636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059215632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07502258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005225654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029452168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4176302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285211523","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4157491","title":"Development of a Heterogeneous Electro-Fenton Ceramic Membrane Coated with Nanocomposite Catalyst for In-Situ Membrane Fouling Control","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Regina; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Nanocomposite; Membrane; In situ; Catalysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ceramic; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007385675312477249,"score_gpt":0.2203503600476733,"score_spread":0.21296468473519606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285211523","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.989781,0.00036713554,0.008455407,0.0002241538,0.000051469102,0.00079169363,0.0000057525576,0.00006549839,0.00025788054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977342,0.00012941286,0.0015615982,0.000071755305,0.000014074174,0.00016621627,0.00002807,0.000038389735,0.0002563222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99643874,0.000112930524,0.00065679674,0.00039206256,0.00060245633,0.0017970217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991621,0.000066995686,0.0004347555,0.00024380174,0.000026422947,0.00006593969],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015257376,0.0002577251,0.0004029205,0.00022453394,0.0004804158,0.000028743463,0.0006067284,0.00006853524,0.00012571692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022543203,0.00023560178,0.00009972128,0.00054675614,0.00009831832,0.0001719084,0.00012510436,0.0010634805,0.000010120742],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007919701,0.00017066792,0.000670883,0.000016067077,0.00015300096,0.000009984112,0.0004250959,0.0272588,0.965532,0.0007418819,0.0000059418685,0.004223677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046273395,0.0011443143,0.00018208433,0.00001888272,0.00006609563,0.0010713392,0.0009233717,0.0017341826,0.98641384,0.0016443369,0.0017534612,0.00042076613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007791837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039153113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025524618,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026154614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072009536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9607562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285245328","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4156500","title":"Omniphobic Braid-Reinforced Hollow Fiber Membranes for Dcmd of Oilfield Produced Water: Understanding the Effect of Process Conditions on Membrane Performance","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Materials science; Fouling; Ultimate tensile strength; Wetting; Polyethylene terephthalate; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.011543606854990314,"score_gpt":0.24540772715694417,"score_spread":0.23386412030195386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285245328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966879,0.00005900368,0.0002222764,0.0007312283,0.000105837746,0.00073263654,0.000008797851,0.000040329345,0.0014119968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979604,0.00012349673,0.0000072475004,0.000040394683,0.000026806185,0.00014356281,0.000012869525,0.0000198715,0.0016653752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977702,0.00011470365,0.00039432847,0.00022653921,0.00053250586,0.00096175296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911994,0.000252328,0.00029159265,0.00028992968,0.000016738808,0.000029465424],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017876463,0.00017867239,0.0002688579,0.000115258284,0.0007214361,0.000016896676,0.0006040838,0.00005535206,0.00095428544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114965296,0.00010982693,0.00014215299,0.00030910413,0.0002052562,0.00022482696,0.000100589365,0.000863342,0.000013805135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019308542,0.00010044287,0.0014881165,0.0005175958,0.00030849763,0.0000015519961,0.0018101048,0.36384428,0.6189551,0.00870941,0.00026607496,0.0020679794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014060453,0.0031381738,0.00004762581,0.000023393713,0.00006111057,0.0001108158,0.001865583,0.0012617282,0.9864105,0.005244998,0.0002617092,0.00016833954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016418453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031813364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3674554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062054157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016344847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285286622","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4124149","title":"A One-Dimensional Reactive Transport Model of Geochemical Scaling in Reverse Osmosis Desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Environmental science; Potable water; Leverage (statistics); Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.013407157202474247,"score_gpt":0.22850833502300164,"score_spread":0.2151011778205274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285286622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973552,0.00006437853,0.0014472392,0.00050809444,0.000021166554,0.000106189225,0.0000045411175,0.000019112576,0.00047406796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998669,0.00008494145,0.0010186253,0.00005223098,0.0000065382974,0.000012341312,0.0000068622703,0.000010053441,0.0001393647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.998271,0.000059927792,0.00030912505,0.00019037921,0.00050142827,0.00066817197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996489,0.000025861247,0.0001688748,0.00011651428,0.000011396874,0.000028399741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012416173,0.0000848034,0.00014202172,0.00010387843,0.00013661498,0.0000032619778,0.00024479398,0.000052482672,0.00025447042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042767093,0.00009486186,0.00006592647,0.00029981605,0.00007894142,0.00014838217,0.00008059577,0.0012368386,0.0000066763228],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026999554,0.00039386775,0.006983384,0.0000044348144,0.00004013217,0.0000038103494,0.0005988005,0.44300961,0.52834326,0.01180301,0.000045406814,0.0085042715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024830836,0.0005462077,0.005144561,0.000032273845,0.00007742241,0.00030476818,0.004379573,0.14302163,0.16013665,0.68310827,0.00018363242,0.00058191625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017618429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002580039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6713053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018845298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026471337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5373517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285308821","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4113766","title":"Microfiltration Pretreatment of Polymer-Flooding Produced Wastewater Before Desalination: Role of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Membrane Fouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Divalent; Chromatography; Polyacrylamide; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0050658917768915705,"score_gpt":0.2097774058155609,"score_spread":0.20471151403866933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285308821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99805653,0.0010641495,0.00005928968,0.00037408771,0.00003136526,0.00020195835,0.0000024249998,0.000013322485,0.00019689642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993017,0.00020430423,0.00023263805,0.000007495047,0.000011288324,0.000017815491,0.0000045714173,0.000009364871,0.00021087905],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985974,0.000082476356,0.00034220054,0.00018043561,0.0002832226,0.0005142799],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959075,0.000015488857,0.00023649608,0.00012816594,0.000009314483,0.000019753534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008621435,0.000096121745,0.00015226756,0.0001247111,0.00013048491,0.000009171881,0.00016701299,0.000034728884,0.00011655589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026842863,0.00008807292,0.000034252538,0.00026304854,0.000066553235,0.00018659305,0.00010564363,0.00042741225,0.0000013938203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006460449,0.00010388532,0.029336905,0.000010693569,0.000032502565,0.0000011775417,0.0015719646,0.003089347,0.9510823,0.0041026203,0.0000024995593,0.010601535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005728714,0.0005537298,0.0016164882,0.0000095223595,0.0000171662,0.00013935461,0.0043894094,0.0006649049,0.97959536,0.012333746,0.000022310112,0.000085152366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016863906,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004700996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02851308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006502514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001303974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35915095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285592380","doi":"10.1088/2053-1591/ac81a3","title":"Graphene oxide incorporated polyether sulfone nanocomposite antifouling ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Research Express","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National University of Sciences and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Polymer chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Ultrafiltration (renal); Graphene; Oxide; Polyethylene glycol; Nuclear chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.03155499420154735,"score_gpt":0.2893586708926288,"score_spread":0.25780367669108145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285592380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99676454,0.000021284517,0.00048578173,0.00030591534,0.00009222277,0.00088095013,0.000064235224,0.00029254614,0.0010925452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973841,0.00002775025,0.0013602831,0.000052345018,0.000027870654,0.00052793237,0.00008546958,0.000040349943,0.0004939477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960778,0.000930416,0.00038295396,0.00063460594,0.001372656,0.0006016087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989253,0.00012998588,0.00016463627,0.0006357753,0.000048857954,0.000095438576],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016631852,0.00021620288,0.0002860119,0.00021114486,0.00093214365,0.0001884447,0.0007815688,0.00008198626,0.006453493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078961275,0.00018803672,0.000030781826,0.0010564614,0.0005129239,0.00041283475,0.00066521356,0.00032853737,0.00019170555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042189806,0.00012432723,0.0003726965,0.000028882021,0.000014877884,0.000021873346,0.00029514017,0.01086908,0.987419,0.00009022384,0.00020700016,0.00013500312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046451052,0.00022797393,0.00085137744,0.000014388449,0.0000044557337,0.0000149256775,0.0002481616,0.00015319012,0.9961932,0.0006966215,0.00089190964,0.00023930687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019369051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008981057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010715891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017677434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031622047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99445474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285791918","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101044","title":"An ultrasonic-assisted rapid approach for sustainable fabrication of antibacterial and anti-biofouling membranes via metal-organic frameworks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Surface modification; Materials science; Sonication; Chemical engineering; Coating; Nanotechnology; Microfiltration; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.008237821054535462,"score_gpt":0.22449537446205248,"score_spread":0.216257553407517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285791918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962852,0.000057333535,0.0024908248,0.00005310521,0.00008465575,0.0004647295,0.00006543257,0.00013703533,0.00036168811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99502754,0.000029347786,0.00415019,0.000025516914,0.000057291545,0.00013597951,0.000318576,0.000028763114,0.00022679628],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998529,0.00007059216,0.00039803988,0.00046816922,0.00022867043,0.0003055191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991133,0.000047314083,0.0003121731,0.00044645488,0.000029151228,0.00005158988],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060550275,0.00018779763,0.00034147178,0.000027917213,0.00028782024,0.00007929994,0.0003889113,0.00021977797,0.005457837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014709134,0.00019419867,0.000041193918,0.00021427384,0.00017312578,0.00025335397,0.0002506517,0.00014069192,0.0000018958151],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007413369,0.00013303864,0.00017578305,0.00033682212,0.000016685959,0.0000012384689,0.00011481654,0.0003218295,0.99824905,0.000014654061,0.000060727187,0.0005011939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003846211,0.000056723893,0.00095588196,0.0000033773474,0.000030927895,0.00002151762,0.00086521753,0.0003681226,0.9964241,0.00017627474,0.00049832277,0.00021493506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004542843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.396092e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005455941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009762923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019007504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99545133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289260817","doi":"10.2166/wst.2022.235","title":"Evaluation of using a porous medium approach to simulate flat-sheet membrane bioreactors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Porosity; Calibration; Porous medium; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.03847752179419503,"score_gpt":0.2848437939343308,"score_spread":0.24636627214013576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4289260817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99297816,0.000014537635,0.00089894066,0.000754981,0.00021729244,0.0006664102,0.000005173171,0.0003118833,0.0041526183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99489415,0.0000011553325,0.004837816,0.00007720584,0.0000060432585,0.00010889632,0.000004193989,0.000013766228,0.000056761462],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.996126,0.00009619193,0.0003796358,0.0007507527,0.002044133,0.0006032613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884444,0.000012424155,0.00013411412,0.0008514646,0.0000841844,0.000073349984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037994734,0.00017793073,0.00024080863,0.0011224792,0.0004998075,0.00002538455,0.0016933521,0.00011211725,0.0008069027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027473824,0.0001427681,0.000036027366,0.0037029001,0.0015489241,0.00034847824,0.00216203,0.00024584713,0.00008252685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000776601,0.00004665253,0.001101679,0.0000025288853,0.0000034497925,0.0000014090552,0.00070116244,0.14200243,0.8530926,0.0001784436,0.00002154943,0.0028403155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025617023,0.00017282224,0.00022880302,0.000002175356,0.00003044203,0.00004272035,0.0009274082,0.07980351,0.91498864,0.002725036,0.00062013394,0.0002021655],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016054482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015223848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062198915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077275245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001094643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8835019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291286272","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-17876-8","title":"Desalination at ambient temperature and pressure by a novel class of biporous anisotropic membrane","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Desalination; Ambient pressure; Anisotropy; Membrane; Class (philosophy); Computer science; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0077463080900224066,"score_gpt":0.2142577555822445,"score_spread":0.20651144749222208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291286272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972336,0.00024076273,0.000027983442,0.0002823898,0.0009939197,0.00035941284,0.000025931386,0.000086314314,0.0007496608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98556113,0.0000062770264,0.00037588534,0.000033133325,0.0000045028896,0.000048050664,0.00007298192,0.000009739285,0.013888274],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792993,0.000042540036,0.00036280733,0.0006629224,0.00080516987,0.00019662206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897754,0.00001687692,0.00033562977,0.0005942192,0.000020678353,0.000055069846],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070014776,0.0001159353,0.00014992719,0.000077411045,0.0005512524,0.00006351662,0.00018101078,0.00006017889,0.0013652763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008161411,0.00010878541,0.000035942325,0.00053810497,0.00044362972,0.00017603276,0.00059782824,0.00012657818,0.000008157988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007392907,0.00008880088,0.005541027,0.000015874473,0.0000068413606,0.000017133852,0.0002676452,0.0025524704,0.96601516,0.00006810317,0.02519465,0.00022488851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019565006,0.000079506455,0.0033200805,0.0000043879345,0.00002044321,0.0002640991,0.0001790866,0.0009189733,0.7783641,0.0004793927,0.21600941,0.0001648555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008688055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044923952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19081476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012411772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020220594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291340563","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4189407","title":"High Performance Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Fouling-Resistance by Rapid Covalent Co-Deposition of Dopamine and Diamine-Zwitterion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Zwitterion; Membrane; Fouling; Diamine; Deposition (geology); Chemical engineering; Covalent bond; Dopamine; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Molecule; Geology; Engineering; Psychology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0038038658014494606,"score_gpt":0.19534964485009176,"score_spread":0.1915457790486423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291340563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98783934,0.00092796615,0.010355474,0.00034935694,0.000045795536,0.00020135856,0.0000059748477,0.00004356486,0.00023113821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946884,0.0037566714,0.00037285162,0.00004151817,0.000018024975,0.00003635767,0.000026048056,0.000015708758,0.0010444369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982691,0.00008525469,0.00029547658,0.00023625858,0.00047827858,0.0006356572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994418,0.000028215836,0.0003281096,0.00015286612,0.00001534954,0.000033668595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063921494,0.000146254,0.00017441752,0.00006187832,0.00040217512,0.00002371521,0.00020400039,0.000036967245,0.0002484687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011715724,0.00012804808,0.000025081332,0.00022445443,0.00016072439,0.0003317056,0.000053691307,0.00053146476,0.000005156877],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044408304,0.000093959025,0.0013647377,0.000033043532,0.000037803842,0.0000013606106,0.00016797397,0.003285517,0.97449774,0.00047132722,0.00012681911,0.019475646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001369463,0.0020294853,0.0017934542,0.000023230617,0.000034020206,0.00026957376,0.0009501456,0.0006576463,0.99052024,0.0010393255,0.0010284038,0.00028499783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039324557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001634017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019190649,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005604651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091393566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52216494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291378427","doi":"10.1002/apj.2819","title":"Pervaporative desalination of high salinity water using chitosan‐based thin film composite membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Intertek (Canada)","funders":"Sustainable Development Technology Canada; Ontario Centre of Innovation","keywords":"Desalination; Chitosan; Membrane; Pervaporation; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Salt (chemistry); Salinity; Chemistry; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.011714019787866674,"score_gpt":0.2180110163879859,"score_spread":0.20629699660011921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291378427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934301,0.00004801657,0.005645684,0.00032731373,0.00016590681,0.00008993561,0.000009055858,0.00004350545,0.00024048412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881337,0.00000290377,0.01177849,0.000013413088,0.000030171337,0.0000036355586,0.000012756466,0.000017377843,0.0000075150547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853575,0.000050748054,0.0005293214,0.00014740792,0.0005390828,0.00019768148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993973,0.000081966195,0.00027169555,0.00016215854,0.000024377925,0.000062500054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036110738,0.00014918493,0.00029030727,0.00012179553,0.00007029173,0.000016126494,0.00032810873,0.00006679812,0.0004961196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008588515,0.00012482998,0.00010866731,0.00026562635,0.00009287816,0.00024094102,0.00014920403,0.00042171252,0.0000032754745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027239203,0.000039633327,0.00012480751,0.000019021822,0.000012716345,0.0000072091584,0.00020738294,0.4080069,0.59145314,0.000021593023,0.000023581928,0.00005678055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034526628,0.00006286435,0.00010467801,0.000017318936,0.000021078322,0.00006119652,0.00026732837,0.10856752,0.89015365,0.0001314145,0.00014287393,0.0001248181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014880473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.1901717e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2994394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015367675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018218203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5432162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291582963","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.2c00184","title":"Assessing Advances in Anti-fouling Membranes to Improve Process Economics and Sustainability of Water Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Azrieli Foundation; Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; BIRD Foundation","keywords":"Fouling; Desalination; Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Waste management; Membrane; Energy consumption; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006169651631154946,"score_gpt":0.2427571706239282,"score_spread":0.23658751899277325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291582963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998918,0.0001272845,0.0003531439,0.00017552168,0.000048514477,0.00025193472,0.000002071917,0.000050936495,0.000072597024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926424,0.00009617775,0.0005067981,0.000010859865,0.0000049612368,0.00009236255,0.0000019124716,0.0000098391165,0.000012845888],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993019,0.000010231117,0.00018685407,0.00023615581,0.00007169346,0.00019314996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997577,0.000031699365,0.000031664436,0.00014766766,0.0000048597053,0.000026395866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017285661,0.000101750804,0.00015404269,0.00007455229,0.0000564677,0.000022076942,0.00012044359,0.00002316739,0.000029590916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045316432,0.00008940792,0.0000143990765,0.00012842644,0.000028754112,0.0005681895,0.0001827882,0.00006497735,0.0000011404672],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045032634,0.000023550327,0.005020136,0.00007031359,0.0000025514448,0.000001993107,0.00072754466,0.94096655,0.04587162,0.00005154155,1.7044117e-7,0.0072595146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037159034,0.00015228958,0.0033183228,0.000009471631,0.0000073402725,0.000005583933,0.003418823,0.053900227,0.93540984,0.00036816418,0.0027768605,0.00026145505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049532267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018487197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8895382,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032013073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010166747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3645949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292035500","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157898","title":"Implications of polar organic chemical integrative sampler for high membrane sorption and suitability of polyethersulfone as a single-phase sampler","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sorbent; Sorption; Partition coefficient; Chemistry; Membrane; Nitrobenzene; Environmental chemistry; Kinetics; Chromatography; Taft equation; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.01920461361421358,"score_gpt":0.2546663357226174,"score_spread":0.2354617221084038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292035500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99624133,0.0000253823,0.0005416756,0.002135249,0.000038024824,0.0007088341,0.00013884601,0.000011463072,0.00015918016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99861103,0.0000066339744,0.0011687989,0.000020213422,0.0000037337477,0.00006734689,0.000004532268,0.000007394284,0.00011032116],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985188,0.00008158252,0.0003365497,0.00031746484,0.00054454576,0.00020100454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874324,0.00018922517,0.0003273296,0.0006912545,0.000010370363,0.00003856976],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091906206,0.00011890886,0.00018658939,0.000037672868,0.00030050694,0.0000071445643,0.0007932583,0.000030263762,0.0016894282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028527575,0.000074300304,0.00006854406,0.00040995187,0.0034914354,0.00013585463,0.0010509561,0.00012228421,0.0000043191017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005664176,0.0002756257,0.00006683541,0.0000057947937,0.000008088194,1.1492354e-8,0.000900414,0.0017101249,0.99403673,0.0017866322,0.000014830027,0.0011382428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039186966,0.00035554235,0.0062788427,0.0000033437482,0.000026477624,0.000007070571,0.001154918,0.00038389847,0.98020244,0.011084651,0.000026161953,0.00008477032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029627467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000040056398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013834304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002823847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031207455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292426910","doi":"10.1063/5.0093313","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Refinery; Petrochemical; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03694463629103054,"score_gpt":0.266667629329096,"score_spread":0.22972299303806545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292426910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9223336,0.0071170665,0.0017592792,0.035060417,0.00050193944,0.008629043,0.000076594646,0.00039558538,0.02412648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99051386,0.005060881,0.00019817676,0.0002973598,0.000014117785,0.0013663144,0.000012164279,0.0000098210985,0.0025272898],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989079,0.000010117447,0.00025933373,0.00028592662,0.00034168753,0.00019501687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996244,0.000050047613,0.00009031612,0.00018050289,0.000032696447,0.000022064178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028124652,0.00013584853,0.00018423375,0.000024182254,0.00030273502,0.000021715636,0.00034046615,0.0000258525,0.0009114638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028800121,0.000078865196,0.00007478102,0.00013041166,0.0001234792,0.00011892867,0.00006977589,0.000055863253,0.000022640701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046373013,0.00079208636,0.0032327997,0.0015876887,0.00009786992,0.000001861605,0.0068627833,0.00028215616,0.90620947,0.008514399,0.02655675,0.045398384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035750054,0.0012886268,0.00042068688,0.00015209574,0.00009351399,0.0000040791733,0.0016460852,0.0017861839,0.71391207,0.0018514056,0.27822015,0.00026761406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012414948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015353042,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25166342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014882606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010140108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99798894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292755784","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24619","title":"Preparation and characterization of <scp>PVA‐g‐GO</scp> / <scp>PVA</scp> / <scp>PAN</scp> composite membrane for pervaporation desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Pervaporation; Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Thermogravimetric analysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Contact angle; Grafting; Graphene; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Permeation; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.009291973329651055,"score_gpt":0.20714896370796798,"score_spread":0.19785699037831692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292755784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99491984,0.00014250762,0.0036206597,0.00027567995,0.00021522045,0.00045424982,0.000054587264,0.00004764073,0.00026961663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981419,0.000015692951,0.0011426639,0.000092307244,0.00009688345,0.000046497476,0.00011213865,0.000035693367,0.00031623515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982413,0.000060218597,0.00063471094,0.00023607795,0.00046560663,0.00036207872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845445,0.00047250555,0.00054630823,0.00023072878,0.00009172084,0.0002042888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007335208,0.00022086842,0.00030797548,0.0002286844,0.00026818315,0.00009748497,0.0004345933,0.00013762397,0.000020395271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001291718,0.00021295145,0.000100699304,0.00046056442,0.00013953411,0.00053466787,0.00008151565,0.00037649614,0.0000049380537],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037648865,0.000020182977,0.0005190272,0.000050766066,0.0000324345,0.0000034122477,0.002030769,0.038708825,0.95697093,0.0003354838,0.00097446353,0.00034995744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058829115,0.00019727631,0.003679247,0.000040092415,0.000072922565,0.00012337184,0.0003365169,0.07007327,0.9114776,0.0003088508,0.013043869,0.00005865147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014256043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000106123196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04549327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046435773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000119908545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8683908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293555392","doi":"10.20944/preprints202208.0503.v1","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique in Minimizing Fouling during the Filtration of Oily Water Systems using Ceramic Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Chromatography; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.07995936214161294,"score_gpt":0.2996957728610804,"score_spread":0.21973641071946748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293555392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99668205,0.00011653917,0.00011888456,0.00009508959,0.00028717678,0.0021645413,0.000016698965,0.00008482832,0.00043420686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987981,0.000016289137,0.00035393905,0.0000105164,0.000019283767,0.0006281345,0.000013146899,0.000030227777,0.00013039235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972976,0.00032817994,0.0008592417,0.00063934264,0.0006191492,0.0002565184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980627,0.000056874625,0.0006843181,0.0011482293,0.000022396629,0.000025530555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010289811,0.00028374858,0.00037645045,0.00013009802,0.00026204946,0.000028599861,0.0011237208,0.00026415222,0.00056746585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000115052084,0.0001975573,0.00013665037,0.00026379715,0.00046609217,0.00019987927,0.0032454075,0.0007302507,0.0000075625017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001718756,0.000030877218,0.12001809,0.00032537247,0.000017121714,3.7536128e-7,0.003364563,0.23266548,0.64354724,0.000010661915,2.7927132e-7,0.0000027298477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019621493,0.000008085894,0.09973391,0.00024136872,0.000027767881,0.00001020294,0.001637076,0.008147676,0.8897303,0.000056691137,0.000027489357,0.0001832672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020851917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030050574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.246183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036361546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000539827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80561525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294233564","doi":"10.3390/w14172718","title":"Water Cleaning Adsorptive Membranes for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals and Metalloids","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Incineration; Heavy metals; Metalloid; Membrane technology; Waste management; Water treatment; Process engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Metal; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.016302293556692483,"score_gpt":0.23370324794542166,"score_spread":0.21740095438872917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294233564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968721,0.00005847441,0.00043455037,0.000754173,0.00008473982,0.00034624676,0.000011598562,0.000052615524,0.0013854854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947595,0.0000036534639,0.0014304454,0.00010468512,0.0000069248686,0.00008158839,0.000014631646,0.000013396726,0.0035851817],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882716,0.000066696346,0.00024798972,0.0002949866,0.00031173514,0.00025142942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965286,0.000039382947,0.000042265605,0.00022826692,0.0000086098335,0.00002863937],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00068908173,0.00010948369,0.00020123257,0.00006124444,0.00017790082,0.00001891778,0.00022061591,0.00003189769,0.0023629733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025887146,0.000064811175,0.0000690866,0.00006707145,0.00016538237,0.00010961419,0.000604685,0.00007696099,0.000056776113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000868056,0.00004399257,0.00006077364,0.000023466713,0.00002751081,0.000005998644,0.002218243,0.018937701,0.9772364,0.00021589684,0.00018097027,0.0009622212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028431765,0.0001330315,0.000054991542,0.0000011062114,0.00002370741,0.000037041405,0.0005611106,0.0030882128,0.95384574,0.0013165089,0.04054087,0.000113349706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046394827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045193988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0403599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045702272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021047035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294982414","doi":"10.1039/d2ew00340f","title":"Ceramic membranes with <i>in situ</i> doped iron oxide nanoparticles for enhancement of antifouling characteristics and organic removal","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Nanoparticle; Ceramic; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Doping; Iron oxide; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Metallurgy; Engineering; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.018098703188882025,"score_gpt":0.27134492649303915,"score_spread":0.25324622330415714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294982414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979186,0.00008868039,0.00009636063,0.00084895204,0.000026874548,0.00081406254,0.000009768884,0.000057929326,0.00013877326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976235,0.00006936741,0.0017417108,0.000029433415,0.0000033924787,0.0002406335,0.000009052542,0.000018431823,0.0002644524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969676,0.000111718306,0.00034991483,0.0007373821,0.000966876,0.0008665179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992986,0.0000711092,0.00008693271,0.000465252,0.000007024993,0.00007108883],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002827059,0.00016591733,0.00023605849,0.00043223292,0.0007717122,0.00003437427,0.0008712271,0.000068228415,0.00054857775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009271126,0.00012989315,0.000019413725,0.00090030994,0.0039960584,0.00028977005,0.002001297,0.00037043734,0.000040182505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013975274,0.00016410374,0.0068480237,0.000016603417,0.000003181095,0.000027430684,0.00041121707,0.00008696851,0.986625,0.00008687214,0.000005906822,0.005584926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050109625,0.00063606305,0.0053775623,0.000008072285,0.000004686822,0.0000818829,0.0019481616,0.00020193328,0.98929775,0.000903374,0.00086848444,0.00017091277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045018995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006161418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054140133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005875497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026197235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295015278","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136329","title":"Nanocomposite membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration: Recent advances, challenges, and prospects","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Nanomaterials; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.045299882196064095,"score_gpt":0.2852221790500626,"score_spread":0.2399222968539985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295015278","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000051491375,0.9891896,0.000026899112,0.00018796252,0.0002539955,0.00233788,0.000020297035,0.00024516066,0.0077330247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000022788056,0.9945206,0.0021853591,0.00004161488,0.00006148589,0.0012970296,0.0001543446,0.00007314552,0.0016641619],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99787724,0.0000544318,0.00050066947,0.00088554184,0.00033028686,0.00035180795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877673,0.00013117491,0.00039054514,0.0006063848,0.0000101796,0.00008497488],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002299973,0.0004651037,0.00093387056,0.000016552485,0.00026861363,0.000044996177,0.0005269139,0.00026302948,0.008524626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000767775,0.00040935396,0.0001668654,0.0002881127,0.0001567823,0.00021996087,0.00042045905,0.00026956038,0.00013462687],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055427417,0.00005208098,7.0874734e-7,0.009180849,0.00002816545,0.0000036070371,0.00006524725,0.000003036551,0.000059661117,0.00013398321,0.0010235109,0.9894436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021036089,0.000101232275,8.8012536e-7,0.0004363567,0.00013146207,0.000058531787,0.000073613,0.0000061223277,0.00088405644,0.00040758724,0.9972434,0.00044638317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001801727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050361996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9962199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041209802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064089196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295066310","doi":"10.3390/jmse10091229","title":"Review of Biological Processes in a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR): Effects of Wastewater Characteristics and Operational Parameters on Biodegradation Efficiency When Treating Industrial Oily Wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biodegradation; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Petrochemical; Effluent; Environmental science; Bioreactor; Waste management; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Industrial wastewater treatment; Fouling; Biochemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.01849700303003175,"score_gpt":0.2212446129343148,"score_spread":0.20274760990428306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295066310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99936765,0.00018090154,0.000012278174,0.00017799211,0.00007439021,0.00015173513,0.0000027928695,0.000005388499,0.000026894582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99766624,0.00092143944,0.0013486905,0.000035607605,0.000009932017,0.000008128348,0.000002091724,0.0000032538976,0.0000045916654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889535,0.000029531633,0.0004165941,0.00014257865,0.00038662966,0.00012929506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994894,0.0001343091,0.00022939377,0.00007455056,0.000032660544,0.000039645376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096288545,0.000092288814,0.0002356381,0.00020695459,0.00005477081,0.00001766086,0.00018664265,0.00002703573,0.00004557821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001245228,0.00006457104,0.000018555373,0.0004701208,0.00017342772,0.00025508448,0.00025467016,0.00015722611,2.5351724e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007762736,0.00016618997,0.03514911,0.001375889,0.000010090651,0.000012099187,0.00053017505,0.0028913927,0.9373642,0.0000309296,0.00003393489,0.022358328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015021606,0.002594506,0.04554153,0.0027288496,0.000036504996,0.00015842154,0.00021618236,0.0065659685,0.93978643,0.0000533809,0.0004627372,0.00035333284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020214922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7553416e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022004995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006792244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004184297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26331306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295093363","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129928","title":"Treatment of a synthetic decanted oily seawater in a pilot-scale hollow fiber membrane filtration process: Experimental investigation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Seawater; Filtration (mathematics); Hydrocarbon; Ultrafiltration (renal); Hollow fiber membrane; Wastewater; Membrane; Pulp and paper industry; Decantation; Oil spill; Chromatography; Petroleum; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018293277273074813,"score_gpt":0.2551837459994674,"score_spread":0.2368904687263926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295093363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987632,0.00004741366,0.000006136569,0.00034572353,0.00017433544,0.0003560414,0.000016028893,0.000021839911,0.00026928005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99906594,0.000017503527,0.00050273794,0.000030291905,0.000022572785,0.00009457352,0.000008865624,0.000015238707,0.00024229674],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982602,0.00020337543,0.00072655606,0.00017176708,0.00046906967,0.00016905859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915576,0.000031400632,0.0005827463,0.0001657618,0.000018508445,0.00004580054],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035777097,0.00014634679,0.00035690903,0.00015523138,0.00008013401,0.000031338812,0.00020616394,0.000039601702,0.005484252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031972937,0.00011830255,0.00005443805,0.00021582989,0.00011789936,0.00028233277,0.000058634145,0.00006118623,0.000031530133],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004428031,0.00039185773,0.00093709386,0.000017986047,0.00001376833,0.0000281396,0.0018141329,0.0035091692,0.99247205,0.000004170328,0.000082958904,0.00028587712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012762139,0.0020064772,0.001549403,0.00002226835,0.000019254603,0.00019344177,0.00083726837,0.00008652584,0.9935064,0.00017886705,0.00021110814,0.00011277333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014091063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027001814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005452722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003962437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049468876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99542487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295781331","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2031232/v1","title":"Experimental study of flux decline mechanisms in skim milk ultrafiltration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Skimmed milk; Micelle; Chromatography; Dextran; Caking; Permeation; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Food science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.07107930742931785,"score_gpt":0.401350741015261,"score_spread":0.3302714335859432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295781331","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99255913,0.00010115723,0.000102665435,0.00015407478,0.000118539225,0.0025354926,0.000031757907,0.000094783725,0.0043024113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737364,0.00002802116,0.0007425083,0.000011055277,0.00001478842,0.0010656867,0.00011435511,0.000026447111,0.0006234947],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99521834,0.00077972154,0.00054998184,0.000772472,0.0022523075,0.00042719513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986102,0.00018469029,0.00014594331,0.000958484,0.00003148604,0.000069170776],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021278262,0.00021314791,0.00032321888,0.00041676953,0.00017461763,0.000049585113,0.0011184252,0.0002068312,0.013894459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031617444,0.00021866542,0.00007042275,0.00075499184,0.00019966134,0.00012496505,0.0043569217,0.0013012328,0.0001364124],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004521077,0.015506192,0.052014828,0.0004453111,0.00007368815,0.0001726435,0.020795831,0.08888615,0.81096596,0.0019698318,0.004161442,0.004556047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019374217,0.005226198,0.061457813,0.000120013276,0.000009824784,0.000003715808,0.086703144,0.0037817454,0.82872397,0.010733963,0.0006720535,0.0006301649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024648572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010542949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.085104406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00077314815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007105719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98700696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296137191","doi":"10.3390/membranes12090868","title":"Experimental Investigation of the Novel Periodic Feed Pressure Technique in Minimizing Fouling during the Filtration of Oily Water Systems Using Ceramic Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Cross-flow filtration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Ceramic membrane; Composite material","score_opus":0.02043511941323902,"score_gpt":0.22928953664706245,"score_spread":0.20885441723382342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296137191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981414,0.00025634258,0.00007031228,0.00013920132,0.00016472086,0.00100208,0.000010752701,0.000052864638,0.00016234153],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931246,0.0000060898296,0.00025690903,0.000019355268,0.000014216064,0.00025528605,0.000005361942,0.000018455788,0.00011187014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826837,0.00022265746,0.00051108276,0.00027407904,0.00050911895,0.00021470748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992324,0.000057258014,0.00027593155,0.0004055079,0.000011888063,0.000016995114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056523737,0.000161663,0.00022409606,0.00009783419,0.0004253475,0.000031854157,0.0005354461,0.00007475224,0.00020734133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037669764,0.00010318408,0.00007014088,0.00040272964,0.00035266904,0.00025541175,0.0003987407,0.00022021023,0.0000014117371],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021849044,0.000027201693,0.0041966387,0.00018255271,0.00000715164,4.802513e-7,0.0031142277,0.20979318,0.7826303,0.000016969656,0.0000015742891,0.0000078443645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031581154,0.000027134522,0.0045441743,0.000058646907,0.000015622809,0.000035364283,0.0038974762,0.019021729,0.9718508,0.000019993173,0.00008968937,0.00012354428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010427078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034618126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19077146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013650238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021052889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4207725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296449511","doi":"10.3390/jmse10091313","title":"Review of Hollow Fiber (HF) Membrane Filtration Technology for the Treatment of Oily Wastewater: Applications and Challenges","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane permeability; Environmental science; Membrane; Waste management; Membrane technology; Aeration; Pulp and paper industry; Fouling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.0180808385296028,"score_gpt":0.2354381405076026,"score_spread":0.2173573019779998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296449511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9065033,0.07250625,0.0012542885,0.016723018,0.00018627444,0.0016620001,0.000013630428,0.000049752583,0.0011014416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7669959,0.22418709,0.008457739,0.000035772096,0.00002238244,0.00017621084,8.2574553e-7,0.000007634495,0.000116439005],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999439,0.0000046047326,0.00020868421,0.0000837204,0.00018595296,0.00007800998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996272,0.000057896556,0.00014667228,0.000121626246,0.000028009048,0.000018646804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049107295,0.0000514168,0.00013121673,0.00009825607,0.00009131617,0.000004991184,0.0001819632,0.000012758282,0.000060242386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000062351624,0.000033784447,0.000023142946,0.0003103745,0.00017218594,0.00011265291,0.00012115583,0.000043662698,2.3828412e-7],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024798503,0.00013174168,0.00032584733,0.001129322,0.000032225365,0.0000010161099,0.0003352111,0.013490417,0.25322053,0.0011401495,0.00010556695,0.7300632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017955289,0.004187801,0.007851653,0.0004983075,0.00022037649,0.00051815406,0.0017503651,0.015450639,0.4449569,0.0011699711,0.52120155,0.00039876308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004270004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013028452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72966444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042224714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000140566635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13776897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296969675","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103171","title":"Experimental and statistical study of an in-situ ultrasound (US)-assisted ultrafiltration process: Application to fouling control in skimmed milk filtration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Tokyo Metropolitan University; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Response surface methodology; Skimmed milk; Chromatography; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Membrane; Chemistry; Permeation; Mass transfer; Microbubbles; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chemical engineering; Ultrasound; Mathematics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0072315313941092715,"score_gpt":0.2511280076349993,"score_spread":0.24389647624089006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296969675","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827542,0.000013728113,0.016666211,0.000032036347,0.000031007377,0.00046709,0.000002150391,0.000016775935,0.000016825177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988605,7.754771e-7,0.00096880336,0.000016872533,0.000011662326,0.00012361845,0.000005626604,0.00001085401,0.0000013047639],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987352,0.000044332126,0.00052190525,0.0001765745,0.00037279227,0.00014922269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996787,0.000043290886,0.00012460283,0.00008401928,0.00001959712,0.00004982142],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045123792,0.00010589144,0.00019837444,0.00020108519,0.0000460565,0.000024172898,0.00016552117,0.000030914973,0.000032682332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061507206,0.00009379475,0.000011028047,0.0002597227,0.000018343688,0.00044172534,0.000022977607,0.00019257521,6.416382e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007724061,0.00028323234,0.0076995343,0.000018920788,0.0000039555716,0.00000519129,0.0050106756,0.3552342,0.6313514,0.0000029106352,5.5174934e-7,0.00031220034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020916762,0.0012474641,0.08691277,0.000019875562,0.000013390308,0.00009365793,0.010129275,0.03850574,0.86071676,0.00007075335,0.000007848801,0.00019076794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031310552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056131135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31672847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015143324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010815306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38248387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297023467","doi":"10.1002/9781119820086.ch17","title":"Reverse Osmosis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Stantec (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Membrane; Chemistry; Osmosis; Forward osmosis; Membrane fouling; Permeation; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01096279732038714,"score_gpt":0.22415924727190312,"score_spread":0.213196449951516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297023467","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000014215256,0.000026054255,0.00002665524,0.00025878532,0.000096270545,0.00013192654,0.0000074363984,0.00075217814,0.9986865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000049297338,0.00006503155,0.0024584602,0.0004674186,0.000012001188,0.000030978837,0.000013302608,0.00010624116,0.99679726],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994268,0.000014015547,0.00006180268,0.00021126862,0.00019004391,0.00009606722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999566,0.0000060027305,0.00005127405,0.00035903964,2.1742572e-7,0.000017454546],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004299063,0.00008987168,0.00008571333,0.00004363594,0.00002910798,0.000005596447,0.00028087042,0.00009156321,0.9371166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015871186,0.000079863545,0.000028678014,0.00013487479,0.00007111993,0.000017558017,0.00035654387,0.00010172165,0.01605479],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[2.8941696e-7,0.000006635765,0.00027681616,0.0000020097102,0.0000032404485,0.0000023094465,0.0000044072035,0.0000054079733,0.000057173453,0.00019020785,0.9978508,0.0016007507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033922235,0.000009071374,0.000035328943,0.0000011824178,0.0000035755336,0.000001009935,0.0000364177,0.000004132864,0.00015366133,0.00010468212,0.9995119,0.00010513472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007516187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003503009,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9210619,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008010253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023644495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98471135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297372047","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122249","title":"Optimal intermittent ultrasound-assisted ultrafiltration for membrane fouling remediation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source (Canada); Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Environmental remediation; Ultrasound; Chemistry; Chromatography; Medicine; Contamination; Biology","score_opus":0.018250382400219915,"score_gpt":0.2732288119099992,"score_spread":0.2549784295097793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297372047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92109054,0.00011374328,0.06696539,0.0072537097,0.00035304567,0.0016047275,0.000040826944,0.0009314159,0.001646592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862903,0.00006935029,0.010886887,0.00022359796,0.000029098512,0.0012117896,0.00036289683,0.000018840443,0.00090723997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842864,0.00007997817,0.0004512709,0.0005198426,0.000280135,0.00024010098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991279,0.00011645419,0.00030162488,0.00037005616,0.00003935197,0.000044585464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004935299,0.00016858587,0.00017324697,0.00027964314,0.00071275025,0.000053105086,0.00028419791,0.00016333877,0.00075843674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000280545,0.00018770686,0.00004808799,0.000695265,0.00020761878,0.0002916321,0.00009386262,0.0002311626,0.000057657107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012748876,0.00017817342,0.0029613113,0.000020989432,0.000024348297,9.866393e-7,0.0007071362,0.010997051,0.907669,0.0204389,0.0043359045,0.05253872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026571674,0.001244854,0.019250125,0.000010496311,0.000098912984,0.00031805708,0.0055280165,0.05314343,0.68240803,0.010470556,0.22377607,0.0010942821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011737775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022490225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22526096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020579589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023493507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8304351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297491530","doi":"10.1002/app.53175","title":"Characterization of polyamide thin film composite membranes incorporated silver nanoparticles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Contact angle; Silver nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Polyamide; Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Ethylene glycol; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Bovine serum albumin; Filtration (mathematics); Nanoparticle; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.00932360484131567,"score_gpt":0.21560227691059292,"score_spread":0.20627867206927725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297491530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997544,0.000052439118,0.000056947665,0.0003367137,0.00018063179,0.000110252586,0.000007706056,0.000029336028,0.0016820079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991005,0.000010547674,0.000507281,0.00024211442,0.0000132802315,0.000006143276,0.0000020074012,0.00000765509,0.000110473455],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979253,0.000038143186,0.00054156553,0.00020208604,0.0010665534,0.00022634926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998751,0.00003517528,0.0008516292,0.00024498248,0.000031166863,0.00008604338],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084276975,0.00011284036,0.00021273227,0.00021970681,0.00034602918,0.00003990727,0.00092386693,0.00002830981,0.0010497703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013309899,0.00009807715,0.000046887515,0.0015452543,0.00077884254,0.0005322248,0.0004466428,0.00019563411,0.000025108073],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008368642,0.000078971054,0.0011749723,0.0000041378266,0.000005051241,0.000004939039,0.00050808914,0.0042895717,0.9919376,0.000636667,0.000047574897,0.0012287875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024640697,0.000106074694,0.007411154,0.0000040405594,0.000010738651,0.000038352555,0.000309215,0.0022173263,0.9890117,0.0003002542,0.00023859319,0.00010614467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025354017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021924209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0062361816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117135045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009106415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297849750","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.2c01197","title":"Hybrid Star-Shaped Block Copolymers for Fabricating Fouling-Resistant Membranes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemical engineering; Polystyrene; Polyethylene glycol; Copolymer; Contact angle; Filtration (mathematics); PEG ratio; Permeation; Emulsion; Polysulfone; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.014321550914848822,"score_gpt":0.23546841624312106,"score_spread":0.22114686532827224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297849750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945288,0.00018820634,0.00007117271,0.00052745134,0.0003425026,0.0010387633,0.00035626395,0.00039889145,0.002547975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959808,0.000013929752,0.00060554664,0.0007204382,0.00006534511,0.0013744037,0.00012317693,0.00006168706,0.0010546678],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768996,0.000068700196,0.00057446933,0.00061996933,0.0004880662,0.0005588239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988394,0.00014772727,0.0003579673,0.0005716815,0.000006503429,0.00007676715],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005010203,0.00029032846,0.00038702387,0.00007714448,0.0007215684,0.000095651165,0.00072773587,0.000060131006,0.007879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003382098,0.00029709277,0.000057005167,0.00021683337,0.00019925673,0.00009798934,0.0007043758,0.00010852671,0.00022898497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002092196,0.000049505412,0.000013655712,0.000032602704,0.000025392694,0.0000028074237,0.00017297419,0.000107279084,0.99507904,0.001504769,0.0019406377,0.0008621161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058769307,0.00008487053,0.000043551365,0.0000024860817,0.00003428201,0.000009091139,0.0004855758,0.000041025396,0.9865663,0.0007778143,0.01100285,0.00036446447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023545022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005380617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009062212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014827639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024934103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299287611","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104282","title":"Modeling of the movement of two immiscible liquids in membrane pores","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Movement (music); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.016201988177435726,"score_gpt":0.28215446812250755,"score_spread":0.2659524799450718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299287611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957763,0.00005356731,0.002131666,0.00083492114,0.00041946303,0.00009394929,0.000022753133,0.0000046077466,0.0006627936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99545974,0.000022988042,0.004278731,0.00010745533,0.000022183958,0.0000048398747,0.0000016101096,0.0000055752034,0.000096886324],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982004,0.00006619381,0.00060348934,0.00009402264,0.0009466322,0.000089232686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936604,0.00004681437,0.00036198398,0.00014687607,0.000057176327,0.000021114294],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005745776,0.000070798036,0.00014403295,0.0001534635,0.000035102443,0.000006639469,0.00087414996,0.000018366998,0.0013558994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013227203,0.000053677413,0.0001076052,0.00018413718,0.00008450692,0.00015454127,0.00039559335,0.00019539373,0.000002036137],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118609954,0.00019182102,0.0038491355,0.0000023153557,0.000023581002,0.000010722809,0.00030727044,0.82350624,0.1703218,0.00011399907,0.000083040504,0.0014714507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018785917,0.00012757334,0.00086153444,0.000035912777,0.000008225975,0.000028337336,0.00044246012,0.69885623,0.29621604,0.0012358371,0.00023858427,0.00007064042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037586768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009881805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12589425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019923097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003531193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4303699931","doi":"10.3390/en15197325","title":"Challenges Facing Pressure Retarded Osmosis Commercialization: A Short Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Commercialization; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Forward osmosis; Pressure drop; Osmotic power; Concentration polarization; Environmental science; Salinity; Scale (ratio); Power density; Power (physics); Process engineering; Engineering physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Mechanics; Chemistry; Business; Physics; Membrane; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.1442886878604341,"score_gpt":0.34472251179712887,"score_spread":0.20043382393669476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4303699931","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[4.873211e-7,0.95083857,0.000005211245,0.0002491088,0.0001920284,0.00072500756,0.000024473704,0.0004162327,0.047548898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000004295565,0.9961187,0.00022805679,0.00017571115,0.00004641822,0.0008079381,0.00019156536,0.000055779983,0.0023715375],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973618,0.00039068807,0.00065228954,0.0006979529,0.00059900165,0.00029830405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845487,0.00016452555,0.00028630975,0.001037289,0.0000064880282,0.00005054687],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005012956,0.0004613866,0.0014509788,0.00008880847,0.00026496255,0.00003735388,0.0010004452,0.00023520198,0.012375644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024031548,0.00039496226,0.00035579564,0.00053030753,0.00015714491,0.00018561711,0.0009880913,0.00041038266,0.0002758809],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.6070414e-7,0.00001583472,0.0000015364791,0.014432916,0.00006796646,0.0000051801926,0.00005569791,0.00028419596,3.5806013e-7,0.00037986436,0.029259799,0.9554962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021027934,0.000023236207,0.0000020296307,0.0054956395,0.00057939196,0.000019270448,0.000039883394,0.0000057843386,0.000009508857,0.00005203358,0.9933443,0.00040786175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027120008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034097713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9640845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015641512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034227192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304471535","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136771","title":"CeO2 modified carbon nanotube electrified membrane for the removal of antibiotics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Davies Charitable Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Chlorine; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Nanotube; Water treatment; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Waste management; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.016019240142027415,"score_gpt":0.23043398964683445,"score_spread":0.21441474950480705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304471535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9641853,0.00028027897,0.00038384317,0.0009112699,0.00016968846,0.000635571,0.000013274868,0.00012058486,0.03330018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927951,0.000029372146,0.0016311329,0.0001261927,0.000015172045,0.000011620204,0.0000073538677,0.00001733629,0.0053667123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989688,0.000026373747,0.00021844798,0.00024898557,0.00031066622,0.00022674743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922925,0.00012882164,0.00012727176,0.00048256296,0.0000096456715,0.000022461492],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002760761,0.000114133436,0.00015948451,0.000006742468,0.00021622927,0.000009607064,0.00054887903,0.000059900478,0.0010677013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010081839,0.000090506815,0.00007345642,0.0003509447,0.00016855192,0.000037766,0.00022534624,0.00016088496,0.000007808171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014361333,0.000103107035,0.0003282014,0.000037102327,0.00003241689,0.0000065846316,0.00028702567,0.024665998,0.9551415,0.0018411984,0.0041180463,0.0132952165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043527933,0.00009321558,0.00018209682,0.0000018899018,0.00002238327,0.000021540242,0.00044391854,0.02392227,0.95250595,0.0008585608,0.021382581,0.00013032398],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000119520795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002379087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0286098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102375605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020910593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304763847","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103197","title":"Development of a crossflow nanofiltration process for polishing of wastewater by-product from biogas production processes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cytodiagnostics (Canada); McMaster University","funders":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polishing; Process development; Biogas; Wastewater; Process engineering; Process (computing); Production (economics); Biogas production; Product (mathematics); Environmental science; Waste management; Manufacturing engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Membrane; Mechanical engineering; Anaerobic digestion; Methane; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014574768825488346,"score_gpt":0.23474947869714125,"score_spread":0.22017470987165288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304763847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99600816,0.00011310285,0.0031521441,0.00018884898,0.0002123949,0.00026997318,0.000013923611,0.000031829528,0.000009637381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990019,0.0000050581525,0.009767772,0.000004535266,0.000053330084,0.00006552134,0.000019287812,0.000020988033,0.0000444546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983614,0.000010658521,0.000701076,0.00021098337,0.0005121007,0.00020378536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992658,0.000016319489,0.00042986707,0.00012441796,0.00013045601,0.000033136024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048033873,0.00014217329,0.00025070776,0.0001381883,0.00011574062,0.000024199555,0.00037101345,0.000034959518,0.00008425176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016672029,0.00010962359,0.000041271556,0.00028670134,0.00004066077,0.0007364248,0.00008454602,0.00013827164,8.4406906e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006153565,0.000080153775,0.0007188396,0.0003414552,0.000028535394,4.702627e-7,0.006020507,0.15430623,0.83797425,0.0000018413704,0.00007225663,0.0003939394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025520034,0.00008857906,0.00009572096,0.000056740715,0.00001833752,0.000016872917,0.00092264346,0.00048009004,0.99685097,0.00020374445,0.0008791332,0.00013197954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008019079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032377627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15887672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010988905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006720555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.447032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304789011","doi":"10.3390/w14193094","title":"Chlorine vs. Sodium Chloride Regeneration of Zeolite Column for Ammonium Removal from an Explosives Impacted Mining Wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chlorine; Ammonium; Chemistry; Wastewater; Effluent; Ammonium chloride; Ammonia; Ion exchange; Chloride; Sodium; Pulp and paper industry; Inorganic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Ion; Environmental science; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02011803513439322,"score_gpt":0.24425136473087383,"score_spread":0.2241333295964806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304789011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977149,0.0000087004555,0.0001091157,0.0010837583,0.00026538872,0.0003821928,0.00007426504,0.00011900441,0.0002427146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99342203,0.00000396832,0.0030534316,0.00014322916,0.00008311471,0.0001974104,0.0004401331,0.000024295907,0.0026323996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870205,0.00005119866,0.00030702725,0.0003530195,0.0002870206,0.0002996743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941695,0.000022947415,0.00009644003,0.000399044,0.000013271449,0.00005137204],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002150334,0.00013967586,0.00018874944,0.00006061437,0.00022051888,0.000035877874,0.00029897483,0.00005467414,0.0022516788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021294973,0.00011205962,0.00005646012,0.00009882943,0.00010004867,0.00041101893,0.00032291238,0.000085992186,0.0000422205],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049772026,0.000057381985,0.0018451633,0.0000065229515,0.000014233006,0.000004859699,0.002505786,0.0023144914,0.990969,0.000022213893,0.001402046,0.00036056974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005006861,0.000303062,0.0016406494,0.0000027355657,0.0000146544635,0.000005742231,0.0006266973,0.0025913261,0.9796243,0.00048872735,0.014037336,0.00016411816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004351854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001191041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012635291,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112150796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000068870536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304978487","doi":"10.12968/s0958-2118(22)70081-x","title":"De.mem forms partnership to commercialise GO membrane technology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membrane Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"General partnership; Management; Membrane; Engineering; Graphene; Oxide; Business; Materials science; Chemistry; Economics; Metallurgy; Chemical engineering; Finance","score_opus":0.018826805848463926,"score_gpt":0.26866386241282536,"score_spread":0.24983705656436145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304978487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9096132,0.00013947932,0.00057565497,0.047614098,0.00027364193,0.0013105004,0.00003315957,0.004537325,0.035902962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869804,0.000036354933,0.0037242004,0.0027164787,0.000030005142,0.0014545139,0.000027166192,0.000090468784,0.0049404427],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958479,0.00013642298,0.00070798065,0.0011412643,0.0007033066,0.001463153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975371,0.00010320599,0.00025722833,0.0018643605,0.000028213224,0.00020994278],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009299648,0.00051386654,0.0006781212,0.0014245065,0.0009200524,0.00005155158,0.0028661208,0.00062447676,0.010041017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005153532,0.000537792,0.00013893323,0.0052255075,0.0010113867,0.00023481419,0.0032665764,0.0013329444,0.002602864],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036179897,0.0008354234,0.027374994,0.00007890124,0.00011626354,0.0004336049,0.000997527,0.011605318,0.73356104,0.101722404,0.04643297,0.07647975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00101062,0.0007615156,0.0005079192,0.000010963118,0.000040537616,0.00048846344,0.0020742386,0.0004725077,0.442624,0.019977352,0.53119236,0.00083949004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011280711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025216545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48475942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008992457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007327645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99970734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306155055","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2022.09.021","title":"Microporous membranes for ultrafast and energy-efficient removal of antibiotics through polyphenol-mediated nanointerfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Matter","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry; Sichuan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Permeance; Microporous material; Adsorption; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Antibiotics; Process engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009333286640950605,"score_gpt":0.21654887148927168,"score_spread":0.2072155848483211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306155055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948264,0.00015236434,0.0007833496,0.0010371851,0.00012135484,0.00012844871,0.000064797074,0.000057109173,0.0028290362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948527,0.00001802771,0.002214927,0.0006131811,0.000006913848,0.0000038109215,0.000016304582,0.000015134918,0.0022589874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991535,0.000029821596,0.00020642472,0.00024417238,0.00018399527,0.0001820912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961275,0.000055295026,0.00010596818,0.00020204613,0.0000053945932,0.000018526116],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009938362,0.00010715149,0.00014470702,0.000031663567,0.00013675376,0.000014450622,0.0002037403,0.000035025027,0.0020433366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001392541,0.0000973985,0.000032454733,0.00013157213,0.00023578882,0.00005066044,0.00025260978,0.000057355195,0.000045603152],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056417313,0.00012555519,0.003140078,0.000065564556,0.000016104364,0.000009031018,0.0009925391,0.005034262,0.9831761,0.00012322003,0.006526957,0.0007341741],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004644591,0.00015303896,0.0013610923,0.000006642794,0.000015888385,0.00013343239,0.0010217765,0.0021344284,0.91989535,0.00023852607,0.0743616,0.00021377347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017320731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015432284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06783464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038875776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044950166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307002357","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103216","title":"Membrane fouling remediation and modeling in phosphorous removal using electromagnetic field (EMF)-assisted nanofiltration (NF): In situ synchrotron imaging, experimental and statistical studies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Global Institute for Water Security; Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Saskatchewan; Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Environmental remediation; Fouling; Membrane; In situ; Synchrotron; Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Contamination; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.017349688167446753,"score_gpt":0.2652294218559286,"score_spread":0.24787973368848187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307002357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99383324,0.0010284054,0.004806507,0.00011823819,0.00007181291,0.00011347382,3.2419487e-7,0.00001665501,0.000011312789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917197,0.00006153394,0.008160703,0.00001724171,0.000014672816,0.000011151665,0.0000012206019,0.000010985203,0.000002754831],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897355,0.00002917747,0.00038742687,0.00015720683,0.0002591776,0.00019343504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997933,0.000038813494,0.00007849629,0.000048367772,0.000011681873,0.000029360672],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038673237,0.00010969007,0.00018548673,0.0001607715,0.000067086694,0.000029238909,0.00007814689,0.000027280557,0.00002029205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008565561,0.00009850749,0.000011977602,0.00013200127,0.00002378464,0.00036467105,0.000090627764,0.00023786495,1.6709461e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038797916,0.000021523318,0.00071698846,0.00003641919,0.0000045932343,0.000060061848,0.0015473197,0.26367015,0.7329679,0.000005027021,0.0000010452143,0.0009301543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004740322,0.000151298,0.0003195386,0.00003758787,0.000009000216,0.00039014017,0.0011650457,0.58770806,0.40954286,0.00008598825,0.000003741091,0.00011271227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003688513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012785916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3240379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028353883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001046295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40170187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307262221","doi":"10.3390/membranes12111028","title":"Reduced Low–Pressure Membrane Fouling by Inline Coagulation Pretreatment for a Colored River Water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Coagulation; Colored; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Composite material; Medicine; Biochemistry; Internal medicine; Engineering","score_opus":0.012083063532592876,"score_gpt":0.2364229812868138,"score_spread":0.22433991775422094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307262221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99481046,0.00018223033,0.0003097063,0.0017560571,0.0002669761,0.0014572641,0.00017979677,0.0003502214,0.0006872578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99117666,0.000024359528,0.0012494641,0.00022312927,0.00003263712,0.0008546316,0.000577963,0.0000353858,0.0058257775],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816495,0.00009417505,0.00033589153,0.0005352582,0.00046964397,0.00040005366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993242,0.00008698847,0.00011259226,0.00039832093,0.000015233385,0.00006266888],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003316824,0.00023301238,0.00026571658,0.00006713406,0.00055388466,0.000037941798,0.000385195,0.00009341587,0.0039475565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052893563,0.00019000181,0.00009697152,0.00020871924,0.00023049572,0.0002387133,0.00032937262,0.0001432085,0.00011529109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030391547,0.0002477702,0.0005644769,0.00008467654,0.00006642595,0.0000049758423,0.0014827652,0.07514073,0.912706,0.00008720215,0.007854047,0.0014570092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013684649,0.00026151823,0.00022200665,0.0000055032015,0.0000729879,0.000010986642,0.0003846052,0.023289572,0.8706423,0.0004285806,0.103005245,0.0003082247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019237719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002612296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09515119,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017240627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010278685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99696296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307483131","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159812","title":"Interaction of operating HRT and temperature on fouling of tertiary membranes treating municipal wastewater","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Fouling; Effluent; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Operating temperature; Hydraulic retention time; Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011664938578030104,"score_gpt":0.22931283644423364,"score_spread":0.21764789786620353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307483131","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99829376,0.000028669245,6.9121177e-7,0.0005147603,0.00007578167,0.00022529063,0.0000048196753,0.000007888995,0.0008483669],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993801,0.000012254172,0.0002511952,0.00001689513,0.0000049464184,0.000016093962,4.6425097e-7,0.000005471205,0.00031256737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986566,0.000098472985,0.00027027735,0.0002184631,0.0006077666,0.00014844262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992306,0.00006972229,0.00022593277,0.00045231357,0.0000023190437,0.00001911265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007498691,0.00009797594,0.00012685258,0.00004111282,0.00045096214,0.000011404189,0.00059019245,0.000019738234,0.00040595655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005829746,0.000055607896,0.000045456905,0.00020668335,0.0012305657,0.00016886451,0.0012488823,0.00017767001,0.0000031730344],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010028312,0.000030500847,0.00018391495,0.0000057551165,0.000003086341,1.1562473e-7,0.0014336378,0.32702354,0.6708199,0.000028487071,0.0000031904444,0.0004578912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013158955,0.00016572137,0.010946911,0.000022689237,0.00001208422,0.000014842103,0.0038650753,0.01710967,0.96756214,0.000086383814,0.000012539902,0.00007032897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013518338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001127289,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30991384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010091438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007381442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45340708},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307593171","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137054","title":"An integrated leachate bed reactor – anaerobic membrane bioreactor system (LBR-AnMBR) for food waste stabilization and biogas recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Biogas; Chemistry; Hydraulic retention time; Hydrolysis; Pulp and paper industry; Methane; Anaerobic digestion; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry","score_opus":0.013655366275365066,"score_gpt":0.2171689966319677,"score_spread":0.20351363035660264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307593171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965367,0.000106347434,0.0008175934,0.00017175889,0.00025399556,0.0008972856,0.0002287704,0.00049752457,0.0004900522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954635,0.00002439204,0.0034576159,0.00006611967,0.000027000484,0.00024786714,0.00032887678,0.00004619671,0.00033843372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834174,0.000089470064,0.0003423257,0.0006248511,0.00028427847,0.000317349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904025,0.00006920561,0.00021794996,0.00054644665,0.0000235423,0.00010262687],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034783254,0.00024693325,0.000279264,0.00003115068,0.00028734477,0.00007055609,0.00037146424,0.00012656693,0.0010958785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008851956,0.0002345452,0.00006471494,0.0004937966,0.00014539977,0.00045540853,0.0002032111,0.00018509645,0.000022098795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028541277,0.0002098647,0.0022082287,0.00014697858,0.000052559517,0.000004090428,0.00063722284,0.0022489082,0.9751526,0.0007052938,0.0027001866,0.015648626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014280975,0.0015147991,0.0004938274,0.00003096817,0.00006136619,0.000025095667,0.019727327,0.01007787,0.9361457,0.00018160102,0.02967962,0.0006337205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012801362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024853265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039006922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004930579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029733228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307833993","doi":"10.1002/pol.20220593","title":"Issue Information ‐ Cover Description","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Cover (algebra); Citation; Information retrieval; Computer science; World Wide Web; Library science; Engineering","score_opus":0.01254265450495095,"score_gpt":0.2535883367296501,"score_spread":0.24104568222469913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307833993","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047981545,0.0039836834,0.0058867554,0.0029252006,0.029917737,0.0005522048,0.000080684316,0.00007703477,0.90859514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4109952,0.0016890193,0.0022933776,0.004314814,0.00077543984,0.00003225995,0.000044181113,0.00004954874,0.57980615],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99697393,0.00005042213,0.0006797624,0.00018483262,0.0018052834,0.0003057444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998193,0.00002867134,0.0012646527,0.000341144,0.000056343644,0.00011619029],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010737824,0.00018035916,0.0002613463,0.0005008507,0.00035199258,0.00023344655,0.001553947,0.00011690348,0.12392755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015098398,0.00015319262,0.0001007906,0.0012149003,0.00074142194,0.0041274675,0.00054636877,0.0005867702,0.028125893],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020100806,0.000030199402,0.000055612825,0.00001244798,0.000007232518,0.0000044977523,0.00046220873,0.0016900627,0.020058272,0.00004729392,0.9622893,0.015322778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017920295,0.00020939074,0.00022566655,0.0000203708,0.000015945343,0.00014145621,0.00025895925,0.00020716316,0.09151965,0.000043399414,0.9069675,0.00021128019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008144422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014412919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36301365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070917077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028825892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9726308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308697122","doi":"10.3390/w14223616","title":"Recent Advances in Plasmonic Chemically Modified Bioactive Membrane Applications for the Removal of Water Pollution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Water treatment; Water scarcity; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Reuse; Fouling; Population; Membrane technology; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Biochemical engineering; Water resources; Environmental science; Materials science; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.01389035345734058,"score_gpt":0.24385823691193717,"score_spread":0.2299678834545966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308697122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858457,0.0003789364,0.0019016087,0.006096094,0.00011228384,0.0014627768,0.000036394384,0.00007413185,0.004092114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99785525,0.00025619467,0.00041486474,0.000085086,0.0000066273665,0.00085290114,0.00003096796,0.0000068837144,0.00049124844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926275,0.00002423402,0.00017685827,0.00018823007,0.00016624133,0.00018166157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969244,0.000035611625,0.000035787158,0.0002187287,0.0000058773194,0.000011528264],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002213028,0.00006785363,0.00008433963,0.000032362877,0.00013387695,0.0000055640157,0.00026320358,0.000030092777,0.00093187485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010691629,0.000036737467,0.000030617724,0.000108102766,0.00013442546,0.0001145532,0.00020447427,0.00009306014,0.00003712628],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011028778,0.00006282853,0.000041805335,0.0000068114864,0.00000518384,5.449575e-7,0.00043954325,0.0362061,0.9453707,0.00032151697,0.00010089327,0.017333794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020991816,0.000025689258,0.00007259129,6.0337953e-7,0.0000044765825,0.00000422591,0.0001699129,0.0012401126,0.7594458,0.0016254694,0.2371483,0.000052891282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021676948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028455446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23704742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001372459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035398511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309279518","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121197","title":"Organic solvent-free polyelectrolyte complex membrane preparation: Effect of monomer mixing ratio and casting solution temperature","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Monomer; Membrane; Mixing (physics); Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Solvent; Casting; Chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.011010537805838619,"score_gpt":0.2490928137060257,"score_spread":0.2380822759001871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309279518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972005,0.00020327081,0.0003145576,0.0008904252,0.0002679287,0.00030225975,0.0000050216813,0.000034199318,0.0007818676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808806,0.000040021954,0.0015742251,0.00007633581,0.0000522237,0.000008615252,0.0000017279604,0.000012393059,0.00014637428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99693424,0.00021877095,0.00068490166,0.0003623648,0.0014243262,0.00037538086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839693,0.00017660117,0.0008063898,0.0004240564,0.00007280201,0.00012322287],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003355682,0.00019865848,0.00039657077,0.00029129224,0.0008641655,0.000091981376,0.0010710312,0.00006005645,0.0011483142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070572254,0.0001692288,0.00008670604,0.0014241537,0.0007093645,0.0010521836,0.000685874,0.00050118536,0.0000067086135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001580279,0.000034223565,0.00094649155,0.000027492848,0.000011510696,0.000010256332,0.00042412287,0.008471227,0.9887569,0.00004896812,0.00037388445,0.00073690433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010747918,0.0013832094,0.0027169208,0.000022325614,0.00004053154,0.0007417741,0.00023634413,0.0127238585,0.98039675,0.00008620427,0.0003833457,0.00019391996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030581894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020564796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008360116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030762117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014800779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309417988","doi":"10.30955/gnc2019.00660","title":"Highly efficient anti-fouling electro-conductive membranes fabricated by reduced Graphene Oxide-Polyaniline (rGO-PANI) laminates","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Global NEST International Conference on Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyaniline; Materials science; Membrane; Graphene; Contact angle; Oxide; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Permeation; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011185510238769597,"score_gpt":0.24913617763103565,"score_spread":0.23795066739226606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309417988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863997,0.0000752225,0.00025313807,0.004588503,0.00045497058,0.00051416724,0.0002892563,0.00052684173,0.0068981624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99826306,0.000101557234,0.0005959641,0.0003618744,0.000011972075,0.00018933041,0.00012971251,0.00002129651,0.0003252572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99518275,0.000084382336,0.00056433916,0.0015128982,0.0017492007,0.00090643484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987228,0.00003574651,0.0003959624,0.00066260644,0.000025757332,0.00015711108],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043818713,0.0004606501,0.00035823652,0.00050038256,0.0009856203,0.0001078237,0.0030070774,0.00017994143,0.0035539332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013502942,0.00046754972,0.000097348704,0.0024931626,0.0034974215,0.00040665196,0.0018320252,0.0006016475,0.00045913598],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057614496,0.00050546956,0.0043887505,0.0000015904226,0.00002087162,0.000022315395,0.000060103343,0.0073657185,0.96691614,0.017507587,0.00026677895,0.0028870627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010360891,0.000827877,0.012519614,0.000015104003,0.000029677685,0.00030433503,0.0036347138,0.018331276,0.9468451,0.007885608,0.0075652185,0.0010053766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000264175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011191145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020071026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024564974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007617192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309462642","doi":"10.3390/coatings12111764","title":"TiO2 Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membrane Developed with Suspension Plasma Spray Process","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Coatings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Membrane; Suspension (topology); Titanium dioxide; Photocatalysis; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Microstructure; Particle size; Porosity; Aqueous solution; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.015682729182456476,"score_gpt":0.23888547702383056,"score_spread":0.2232027478413741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309462642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98246425,0.0000033318126,0.00020233262,0.00032491446,0.00006683434,0.00052963727,0.0000033892336,0.00028429876,0.016121002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951811,0.000001909167,0.001132289,0.0002091652,0.000008148396,0.00020034773,0.000046992987,0.00001947251,0.003200602],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986163,0.00003798474,0.00021493563,0.00037202617,0.0005330603,0.00022571326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946964,0.00005607407,0.00016114896,0.00025258187,0.000015697884,0.000044843866],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002614405,0.0001434583,0.00013009318,0.000049920807,0.00043376637,0.00003568772,0.0003232908,0.00003819124,0.0036082014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011153343,0.00012697239,0.000018448927,0.0005884277,0.00014179728,0.00028257872,0.00014508697,0.0002072254,0.0003176574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013980576,0.000107017906,0.008339546,0.000036268237,0.000008020838,0.00001781597,0.0023613838,0.020865656,0.9617313,0.0001502818,0.0041863774,0.0020565016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005304544,0.00023764229,0.0013384508,0.000009721061,0.000012079848,0.00008359785,0.0015203328,0.0025285282,0.98630345,0.0001344295,0.0070211547,0.00028018132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055219425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009837399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024572102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015368348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041419717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99730265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309838652","doi":"10.1149/ma2022-02642350mtgabs","title":"Design of Anti-Fouling Membrane Coatings for Desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Brackish water; Reverse osmosis plant; Coating; Water treatment; Membrane; Renewable energy; Filtration (mathematics); Waste management; Materials science; Engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Salinity","score_opus":0.03060098947479023,"score_gpt":0.26151750897544757,"score_spread":0.23091651950065734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309838652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98353285,0.00001824698,0.0022873392,0.0002598595,0.00013368807,0.00046399012,0.0000065981785,0.00016288491,0.013134575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9685248,0.00000358064,0.03117494,0.00004787362,0.000013766426,0.00007089441,0.000010639438,0.000015961574,0.00013751975],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879473,0.000061812425,0.0003583634,0.00023597585,0.00034675206,0.00020238895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990157,0.0003983,0.00036969478,0.00017325275,0.000015851661,0.00002719489],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014681239,0.00009654107,0.00014014437,0.000056327048,0.00030443716,0.000015778305,0.00026142164,0.000043757354,0.00019878343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000770943,0.00010664424,0.000036493577,0.00021660501,0.00007038139,0.000118617405,0.00014278364,0.00012701612,0.000023567147],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008877068,0.00002413017,0.0002792006,0.000010752207,0.000001858043,7.195024e-7,0.00017812818,0.5136171,0.48545998,0.000012841176,0.0001859926,0.000220377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026925228,0.0000990376,0.0011322531,0.000010932295,0.0000099837725,0.0000048597904,0.00034070146,0.021773428,0.9744822,0.00065813196,0.0010932898,0.00012597768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008838942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023457028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4918437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092364804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015056026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4348826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310147645","doi":"10.3390/membranes12121198","title":"High-Frequency Pulsatile Parameterization Study for the Titania Ceramic Membrane Fouling Mitigation in Oily Wastewater Systems Using the Box–Behnken Response Surface Methodology","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Fouling; Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material; Ceramic; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.059853064534760685,"score_gpt":0.30190065600470456,"score_spread":0.24204759146994387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310147645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993357,0.00017169364,0.0015274215,0.0011164983,0.0007110249,0.0029289054,0.00003962134,0.00011808592,0.00002972667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99507904,0.00001473031,0.003387596,0.000111273315,0.000026599804,0.00092249253,0.000030841824,0.00004003116,0.00038739652],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9949727,0.0029458648,0.0005921488,0.0005257858,0.0005662195,0.00039729656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968168,0.0021283203,0.0003030362,0.00070736493,0.00001739265,0.000027053145],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0050330055,0.00023413313,0.00031783545,0.00010303392,0.0011848066,0.00010407443,0.00083335815,0.00007199956,0.00095654634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004914016,0.00016397376,0.00006822768,0.0007399406,0.00018546735,0.000278567,0.00041272363,0.000322555,0.000014049761],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027692647,0.00006308745,0.002241294,0.000019922429,0.000019099387,0.000005191441,0.0020686921,0.5468313,0.44827032,0.000077330566,0.000020007648,0.00010679685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056339866,0.0021476143,0.023868788,0.000040253635,0.00041728042,0.00025839685,0.10283566,0.48610255,0.36883476,0.003197778,0.0049362257,0.0017266967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002395138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022072301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.100766964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004432013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035142402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310346421","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116898","title":"Anaerobic–aerobic treatment of wastewater and leachate: A review of process integration, system design, performance and associated energy revenue","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Leachate; Anaerobic exercise; Process (computing); Wastewater; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.02516640024802912,"score_gpt":0.2514999403633665,"score_spread":0.22633354011533735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310346421","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0028274066,0.9958629,0.000055520908,0.000018541255,0.00007611942,0.00089751574,0.0000365929,0.000009618179,0.00021578628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0071968595,0.99141383,0.0006145806,0.000013189726,0.000007822323,0.00009888908,0.000027023401,0.000028431428,0.00059935055],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99741054,0.00028424905,0.0012915364,0.0002992631,0.0005347907,0.00017962724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974432,0.000055969944,0.0021430552,0.00029255112,0.0000047701906,0.00006048284],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005781329,0.0003582453,0.0013553792,0.00018508457,0.00008070672,0.000011667264,0.0003134482,0.00009910123,0.0003976487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013793423,0.00026183287,0.0001918175,0.00022890979,0.00020696773,0.00019300796,0.00025316706,0.00014008896,0.000003852795],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027347769,0.0003982135,0.000054916556,0.032559216,0.0004901944,0.000038121074,0.00017801886,0.000096705415,0.00008892671,0.000024654579,0.000628151,0.96541554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013079038,0.0038809539,0.0004244678,0.07182109,0.003935662,0.0004309083,0.0011016268,0.000095334835,0.0013470758,0.00003481354,0.9148339,0.0007862514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000104760975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002079262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9646293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008771867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013494982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310566118","doi":"10.1039/d2cp03839k","title":"Molecular modeling of thin-film nanocomposite membranes for reverse osmosis water desalination","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Water desalination; Materials science; Osmosis; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.03324013343440566,"score_gpt":0.28552673449927235,"score_spread":0.25228660106486667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310566118","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06271422,0.87946665,0.015651705,0.00037944966,0.0004551039,0.010178881,0.0015800955,0.0022906214,0.027283283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0724656,0.9117454,0.00426558,0.00014842662,0.0008034088,0.003105006,0.006379439,0.00055745465,0.0005296769],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748,0.000043521206,0.00062349846,0.00080957706,0.00061270595,0.0004307229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986337,0.0001952993,0.00033039087,0.00071878347,0.000027658189,0.0000941709],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013405974,0.0005609318,0.0013322277,0.000015812459,0.000104124876,0.00002471756,0.00090974814,0.00028223114,0.00026573995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084499625,0.00046511547,0.0009345125,0.00032197664,0.00023489646,0.00015691177,0.0007178947,0.00055082847,0.00004501901],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028659106,0.0006627146,1.4178401e-7,0.025089178,0.00018417621,0.0000034310053,0.00016006672,0.039098307,0.8735303,0.00013872937,0.0003123095,0.060791947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018099898,0.0000165713,1.3386231e-9,0.0002948167,0.00045244597,0.0000028798033,0.000010473925,0.050614834,0.8138071,0.004143326,0.12995215,0.0005244165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012243116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.416527e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12963983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003354226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031306146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310760440","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2022.140851","title":"Synthesis of heterogeneous metal organic Framework-Graphene oxide nanocomposite membranes for water treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Graphene; Humic acid; Oxide; Wastewater; Filtration (mathematics); Portable water purification; Fouling; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.007825379370501545,"score_gpt":0.20297833228384507,"score_spread":0.19515295291334353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310760440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887176,0.00015933397,0.01060748,0.00015729736,0.00010741143,0.00014050877,0.000010036046,0.00008008761,0.000020242302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980094,0.00003063591,0.019682758,0.000020664926,0.000026075562,0.00008627072,0.000003572748,0.000025297919,0.000030687996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990334,0.000014232436,0.0002793551,0.00017363799,0.0002331191,0.0002662755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995466,0.00012667007,0.00006747124,0.00017781097,0.00000716355,0.000074293195],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001346482,0.00015133516,0.00023383385,0.000062265324,0.00011238597,0.00001591808,0.00029990662,0.00005967006,0.0015409248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007999488,0.000115082556,0.00017612532,0.00011980775,0.00004737906,0.000079475445,0.00014831201,0.00017710398,0.000010443028],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024543242,0.000060161005,0.00003253802,0.00001648692,0.00006097189,0.000007374582,0.000060401344,0.09304546,0.90619695,0.000017427044,0.000017316916,0.00046038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018758795,0.000084480176,0.000008434125,0.0000073291276,0.00004640682,0.00027447927,0.000015808928,0.0032743516,0.9936961,0.00018586454,0.0020839465,0.00013521613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003886231,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2185596e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08977111,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022417845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005623236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311311343","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2355222/v1","title":"Treatment of Commercial Laundry Wastewater Using Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flocculation; Alum; Laundry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical oxygen demand; Turbidity; Wastewater; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Food science; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.11556954785454585,"score_gpt":0.39076139341069877,"score_spread":0.27519184555615295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311311343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909539,0.0039843507,0.00005818936,0.00029165763,0.0001948331,0.0010523242,0.00010812139,0.00009855122,0.0032580378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99533445,0.0009458445,0.0010435972,0.0000032848088,0.000054463213,0.00022566438,0.000093105125,0.000037789818,0.0022617977],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99614245,0.0005952796,0.0004295859,0.0006868643,0.0015314607,0.00061436935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99842644,0.00017532917,0.00018589887,0.0010852611,0.000028579712,0.000098517325],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005932241,0.00027512937,0.00043542223,0.00028123273,0.00036722815,0.000060948332,0.0008278246,0.00023108242,0.012840794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059166166,0.00024248913,0.00017958252,0.000588871,0.00074449927,0.00010768945,0.0018669924,0.0006325502,0.00013072269],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00082638103,0.003837626,0.23773667,0.0016881176,0.000402761,0.00075318717,0.013719768,0.08218322,0.5494891,0.001210658,0.0030147834,0.10513772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002016953,0.0030788789,0.030051,0.00033748196,0.00011126068,0.00003465664,0.011921792,0.012349708,0.8474127,0.004445638,0.08647046,0.0017694426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033180616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021135094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29792362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011636066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011078636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98884195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311503714","doi":"10.3390/nano12234331","title":"Electrosprayed CNTs on Electrospun PVDF-Co-HFP Membrane for Robust Membrane Distillation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanomaterials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Distilled water; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ultimate tensile strength; Chromatography; Composite material; Desalination; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01932161886689674,"score_gpt":0.2588687134621012,"score_spread":0.23954709459520449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311503714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893591,0.000021336587,0.0010082112,0.0005537853,0.0006120817,0.0015008288,0.00021476673,0.00057091116,0.0061590006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99355567,0.000022185774,0.0024457362,0.00038245332,0.000095273324,0.00075534976,0.00030040444,0.00005527877,0.00238768],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975041,0.00016994053,0.0005063364,0.00064647733,0.00058472075,0.00058838684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894893,0.00013896983,0.00029791746,0.0005310434,0.0000131536535,0.00006998345],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007539675,0.00029022337,0.0003876735,0.000104392835,0.0006486836,0.000094705996,0.00052264205,0.00011959574,0.011215265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018606719,0.000283494,0.000102488724,0.00034837317,0.000103197526,0.00020614201,0.00017407557,0.00012085358,0.00039596888],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036989804,0.000094311894,0.00019947544,0.00002088085,0.000015952237,0.0000030582632,0.000062664396,0.0059267534,0.9881566,0.0006809596,0.0035637552,0.000905669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008408678,0.0006690525,0.0009969489,0.0000040996615,0.000018998127,0.000016656559,0.000022968277,0.0007074848,0.9659429,0.00062705396,0.029820483,0.00033245978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004144409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014399581,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026256729,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046312824,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028448147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311688203","doi":"10.3390/membranes12121270","title":"Novel Polyelectrolyte-Based Draw Solute That Overcomes the Trade-Off between Forward Osmosis Performance and Ease of Regeneration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Aqueous solution; Membrane; Distilled water; Chemical engineering; Polyelectrolyte; Ultrafiltration (renal); Wastewater; Seawater; Brackish water; Desalination; Materials science; Monomer; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Salinity","score_opus":0.018122970919703177,"score_gpt":0.21938351197576428,"score_spread":0.20126054105606112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311688203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99382526,0.00024392613,0.00046915078,0.0043965736,0.00005933007,0.0003025714,0.000031807005,0.00008611815,0.00058527826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99878883,0.00009342526,0.00034576416,0.00030842822,0.000024233117,0.000078897065,0.000022128446,0.0000143528405,0.00032393305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874234,0.000070323724,0.0002184349,0.00026966457,0.00046798412,0.00023122481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993274,0.00013174639,0.00014808061,0.00035193912,0.0000035192177,0.000037317644],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038161429,0.0001482307,0.00018910368,0.00006110074,0.0005182392,0.000029612056,0.00036322424,0.000048289166,0.0005139837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029417883,0.000114279515,0.00005789361,0.00030244797,0.00026660727,0.0002218744,0.00018266295,0.00016764243,0.000007074312],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017731871,0.00020130204,0.19535135,0.0001440005,0.00006827869,0.0000021707272,0.0012611995,0.045754492,0.6946118,0.00024957475,0.0031311526,0.059047356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007599063,0.00025984348,0.12851346,0.0000068684535,0.00005430881,0.000010932826,0.00022628992,0.0175656,0.8388657,0.00011214832,0.013368144,0.00025680955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000107308304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041686148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14425388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000687539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020271174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56277615},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311747010","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103412","title":"High performance loose nanofiltration membranes with enhanced fouling-resistance by rapid covalent co-deposition of dopamine and diamine-zwitterion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Zwitterion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Organic chemistry; Molecule","score_opus":0.00384496039558248,"score_gpt":0.18554561438145756,"score_spread":0.18170065398587507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311747010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98854446,0.0002300223,0.010885181,0.00011069145,0.000057796587,0.000114148104,0.0000033094384,0.000028627857,0.000025734724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978667,0.00015220242,0.0018077168,0.00001314905,0.000016893086,0.000019527251,0.0000089426585,0.000014396071,0.00010045506],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989775,0.000015674566,0.00034302715,0.00012886812,0.00039235456,0.00014257921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960715,0.000015241167,0.00022994814,0.00008746809,0.000027179936,0.000033022232],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022923101,0.000120595316,0.00018764487,0.00008103128,0.00008724189,0.000019182875,0.00014940077,0.000027171514,0.0000987467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009557949,0.00008863185,0.000018594563,0.00012953788,0.00005009917,0.00045538467,0.000038867223,0.00014176381,0.0000010229076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013114227,0.000032217293,0.00023747662,0.00021444407,0.0000120653,0.0000033213287,0.0004070181,0.14276339,0.8548978,0.0000010014355,0.000018741373,0.0012813827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005084658,0.00040310263,0.0005324109,0.00005351794,0.000015592495,0.000067636676,0.000084823274,0.0035555982,0.994411,0.0000061517376,0.00024152714,0.00012018269],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000029813111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011345568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1395132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075012395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006448423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36143023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312083029","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160655","title":"How and why does time matter - A comparison of fouling caused by organic substances on membranes over adsorption durations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Fouling; Quartz crystal microbalance; Membrane; Chemistry; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Bovine serum albumin; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009304717024226175,"score_gpt":0.21260472384818438,"score_spread":0.2033000068239582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312083029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945353,0.00006944651,0.000033381453,0.0046815258,0.0000650224,0.0002976094,0.000018209663,0.000014240871,0.0002852265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99793106,0.000017140032,0.00006293666,0.000053062267,0.0000037584239,0.00002310315,0.0000013596206,0.0000062851177,0.0019012757],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998477,0.00008294658,0.00019378608,0.00026316187,0.0008133594,0.00016978387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992091,0.00006187886,0.00024598045,0.00045514276,0.000002141611,0.000025741898],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041740722,0.00010770233,0.0001341501,0.000033369153,0.00048702903,0.000033265667,0.0006073078,0.000020095045,0.002935226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000267434,0.000059010858,0.00003586885,0.00028714596,0.001667518,0.00023081762,0.0005957167,0.00012491981,0.000030112687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010196959,0.00006624344,0.00067687006,0.000003955325,0.000004351527,4.7811735e-8,0.0006492491,0.027333511,0.9705073,0.000051936855,0.00058829354,0.0001080065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020315897,0.00014348795,0.021729076,0.0000074757786,0.000023405708,0.000003076896,0.0013838288,0.009650199,0.9656162,0.0007109519,0.00038667597,0.00014245149],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036927264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045359507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021052206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014019743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006927768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99797624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312084445","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2022.115122","title":"Fluid transport in porous media based on differences in filter media morphology and biofilm growth in bioreactors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Zeolite; Porous medium; Biofilm; Porosity; Clogging; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Tortuosity; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Mineralogy; Composite material; Geology","score_opus":0.03921760619982908,"score_gpt":0.2736454920749141,"score_spread":0.23442788587508503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312084445","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99802184,0.00005509718,0.0000013446061,0.00065849634,0.000047647904,0.00039034194,0.000057495658,0.000020529755,0.00074723124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99927247,0.000160597,0.00008209623,0.00010581535,0.000006159279,0.00023030887,0.00006917555,0.000017305247,0.000056092475],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970358,0.0004207273,0.00032723558,0.0006220097,0.0010206823,0.0005735706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990818,0.0005225874,0.000035430054,0.0002712608,6.7398514e-7,0.00008825093],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011784012,0.00017321648,0.00022950636,0.0006301583,0.00009581907,0.000009846358,0.00047831633,0.00011520635,0.007052544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013367135,0.00016599304,0.000023394208,0.0006562324,0.00082709955,0.00012488365,0.0003766618,0.0008436556,0.00010860442],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012233957,0.0004057227,0.95253164,0.000003697752,0.0000010141457,0.0002705827,0.0011125209,0.00022834807,0.04292432,0.000020057028,0.00006060062,0.0023191469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008248946,0.00024471758,0.98215425,0.000006985409,7.5918456e-7,0.0000050341628,0.0016032141,0.0008182423,0.013448362,0.0006561611,0.00007232204,0.00016504494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016927565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020058998,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029622609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070052093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016021695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312252859","doi":"10.56431/p-r673ky","title":"Rubber Processing Effluent Treatment with Chitosan: A Natural Biopolymer in Comparison with a Synthetic Coagulant","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Chitosan; Effluent; Chemical oxygen demand; Biochemical oxygen demand; Biopolymer; Flocculation; Turbidity; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Natural rubber; Chloride; Ferrous; Synthetic rubber; Coagulation; Wastewater; Nuclear chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.004076496847210692,"score_gpt":0.2067176992303765,"score_spread":0.2026412023831658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312252859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974164,0.00001868525,0.0004970399,0.0005324492,0.000011385688,0.00010661233,0.000003967578,0.00001099769,0.0014024641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983498,7.401965e-7,0.001512993,0.00002895435,0.000015152836,0.000019418085,0.000014201718,0.0000059675094,0.000052804873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994185,0.0000033681886,0.00011790855,0.00019746592,0.00016086573,0.000101900645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997604,0.00001096019,0.000108343345,0.000098418976,0.000003961655,0.000017923674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000012756737,0.000111802874,0.00013246898,0.0000110483625,0.0000140518705,0.000020456515,0.00011091835,0.000015441317,0.000066884575],"category_scores_gemma":[5.379994e-7,0.0000797217,0.000017061893,0.00004834047,0.00014462412,0.00010475056,0.00003876982,0.00006317129,0.000004281328],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007930333,0.00012691585,0.26520735,0.000015562482,0.000035390516,0.0000016066068,0.000113910406,0.0033444895,0.71864885,0.000011409506,0.000007482773,0.012407725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008721344,0.000067139124,0.011808511,0.00008301461,0.000010200027,0.000006548912,0.00013005323,0.0027042096,0.9837701,0.0000069730486,0.00040534828,0.00013580335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050820207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003030202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26512122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052907348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000089911655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32509565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312840356","doi":"10.1130/abs/2022am-382645","title":"SURFACE MODIFICATION OF A SOLID CARBON BYPRODUCT GENERATED BY METHANE PYROLYSIS FOR WATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Abstracts with programs - Geological Society of America","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Methane; Pyrolysis; Carbon fibers; Surface modification; Materials science; Solid surface; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Composite number","score_opus":0.02670336677763418,"score_gpt":0.26920331678645487,"score_spread":0.24249995000882069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312840356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993472,0.000111031375,0.0021657192,0.0020022928,0.000010144278,0.0018168644,0.00006786853,0.00014769514,0.00020641707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96437925,0.000069377136,0.03307067,0.00009281377,0.0000074964328,0.0015296378,0.0004777876,0.000013874517,0.00035908187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832535,0.000058532492,0.0004168608,0.000502926,0.00035304346,0.00034329848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990562,0.00006322393,0.0003787843,0.00039968765,0.000042915522,0.000059143535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025753284,0.0001918684,0.00035785782,0.000012023397,0.00017768485,0.000007015628,0.00029933377,0.00008612428,0.00023864933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011145338,0.00012558809,0.00014873006,0.00041465423,0.0007782478,0.00007147861,0.00012669196,0.00012318432,0.0000060552193],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015049095,0.0019879672,0.0019968376,0.00003007409,0.00021581892,3.9862923e-7,0.00081459037,0.16508308,0.78239214,0.000009662065,0.0011022238,0.046216734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00075736485,0.0031661442,0.00066756713,0.0000020797897,0.00012225941,0.0000036668418,0.0012928088,0.0053459452,0.93467796,0.00027012176,0.053397156,0.000296935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010979603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046341706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15973713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014126523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017478507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51213336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312878117","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4267986","title":"Triethanolamine-Based Zwitterionic Polyester Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membranes with Excellent Fouling-Resistance for Efficient Dye and Antibiotic Separation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Triethanolamine; Thin-film composite membrane; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Polyester; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.006922291743151991,"score_gpt":0.22721095384448572,"score_spread":0.22028866210133374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312878117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.953997,0.0009739527,0.041921224,0.0019315946,0.00012306546,0.0006896246,0.0000074811223,0.00009011566,0.00026592365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99733883,0.00014447939,0.00087589835,0.00019732492,0.000033339787,0.00005072391,0.000024936928,0.000027552822,0.0013068881],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997601,0.000128127,0.00033919574,0.0003936291,0.0005170478,0.0010209981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993109,0.00007865896,0.00030839263,0.00022308005,0.000022589431,0.000056383782],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010739844,0.00021936007,0.00020999565,0.000111107605,0.0009333686,0.00010417428,0.00027832852,0.000059010246,0.00008631427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019532983,0.00018810094,0.000068126305,0.0002937068,0.00014333958,0.00018461625,0.00007024588,0.00063145027,0.000009419665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026859266,0.00056972995,0.009094462,0.00012309216,0.00016622401,0.000013735657,0.0011385368,0.55767,0.4174667,0.0064847236,0.00034584207,0.004241032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017753376,0.009531567,0.011822348,0.00017365177,0.0004921956,0.0015956677,0.007112464,0.3133193,0.6046478,0.018086957,0.012693622,0.0027710479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020618654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036441602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24435069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009653936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000298347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76705337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313145384","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4305926","title":"Novel High Flux and Thermally Stable Forward Osmosis Membranes for Water Treatment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Water treatment; Flux (metallurgy); Osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.010137787600134979,"score_gpt":0.21913868238096149,"score_spread":0.2090008947808265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313145384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99195486,0.00051290524,0.0035627622,0.0028405588,0.00010351659,0.0003845718,0.00001723202,0.00006824116,0.00055533176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880045,0.0007810902,0.00059664133,0.00014590306,0.000034390814,0.00014075513,0.000014968639,0.000022562923,0.010259155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979391,0.000035575085,0.00019704529,0.00024202639,0.00024962795,0.0013366196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996746,0.000034422206,0.00007555486,0.00016110556,0.000007339493,0.00004697291],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000706057,0.00015144485,0.00016123794,0.000051989467,0.00067363214,0.00004557965,0.00025918585,0.000038334885,0.0015082171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011500365,0.0001051053,0.000071711955,0.00008379081,0.0000672932,0.0002557573,0.00015703212,0.00038164388,0.000030708503],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045799153,0.00055048696,0.0017583475,0.000022126183,0.0004331983,0.0000064487217,0.0011760592,0.018280137,0.8846105,0.025132993,0.00091645314,0.06665527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006482657,0.0057164542,0.00068140053,0.000005329221,0.00021881562,0.0016601164,0.0064409464,0.0016183445,0.55124,0.21685226,0.2081813,0.0009023714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002527477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003990027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33337048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013913579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011658385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99940455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313397917","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2022.12.073","title":"A novel spiral wound module design for harvesting salinity gradient energy using pressure retarded osmosis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Pressure drop; Renewable energy; Osmotic power; Spiral (railway); Salinity; Power density; Pressure gradient; Reverse osmosis; Limiting; Power (physics); Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Materials science; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Physics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.055607604568233646,"score_gpt":0.24955596381345255,"score_spread":0.19394835924521892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313397917","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06828019,0.00025947407,0.927598,0.00013426968,0.00038553038,0.00029934832,0.00006000217,0.00038021847,0.0026029882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9068903,0.000016248132,0.079848245,0.00035616304,0.000073320494,0.00038910095,0.000045773108,0.000055408604,0.012325492],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99794465,0.00013536875,0.00035458375,0.00060236035,0.0004505432,0.00051247317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901557,0.00013803522,0.00023175128,0.0005031234,0.00001684442,0.000094683615],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048936007,0.00023336725,0.00026589844,0.00009028265,0.00079257553,0.0000652313,0.00051763543,0.00009974504,0.00075520267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015567512,0.00025022155,0.000108957756,0.0004851763,0.0001230338,0.0002571157,0.0005595266,0.000104258164,0.000002369278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041114403,0.000087142114,0.00018212757,0.000006987713,0.000025965332,0.0000021072915,0.000038877137,0.82505953,0.17060454,0.00045152605,0.0022032508,0.0012968166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005938959,0.00020475898,0.00008109104,0.000007660108,0.000055626337,0.000024816622,0.000102069454,0.63213885,0.23629788,0.0033677684,0.12674454,0.00038104012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.039425824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001377212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8477497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000324983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005035448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313514298","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103430","title":"Synthesis, characterization, and application of gravity-driven ceramic microfiltration membranes for surface water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; McGill University; Université du Québec à Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Microfiltration; Biofouling; Filtration (mathematics); Turbidity; Fouling; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Surface roughness; Porosity; Alkalinity; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.008635331202109787,"score_gpt":0.22439344601675354,"score_spread":0.21575811481464374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313514298","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9763428,0.000013137428,0.022944959,0.00040481356,0.00004270323,0.00019940923,0.000005926361,0.000043482705,0.0000027535298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99890226,0.00011990905,0.0008350901,0.0000042090473,0.00002112767,0.000024652029,0.000023444474,0.0000129117325,0.000056385667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936295,0.000007278769,0.0002812676,0.000103064296,0.000114314316,0.00013109986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997469,0.000025490719,0.000095481264,0.000075548676,0.000031360814,0.000025211373],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016230042,0.00009290556,0.00016042794,0.00007843262,0.00003996473,0.000018969635,0.00009694428,0.000047599475,0.000011566403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015351614,0.000058241527,0.00003189912,0.00008609893,0.000025308324,0.0003365353,0.000019538647,0.000034898432,0.000008090797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000133559815,0.0000142839735,0.0010402518,0.00014697613,0.000014118138,4.7655635e-7,0.0005823476,0.07500414,0.9220448,0.0000037723687,0.0000031773245,0.0011322829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016485094,0.00005918673,0.0013089001,0.000015804446,0.00002081362,0.000011924888,0.00004017378,0.02309507,0.974177,0.00005518611,0.0009793555,0.00007174217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000047920453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001023172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052132174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043538275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003535034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23750205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313519693","doi":"10.3390/mi14010128","title":"Membrane Surface Modification via In Situ Grafting of GO/Pt Nanoparticles for Nitrate Removal with Anti-Biofouling Properties","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polysulfone; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Nanoparticle; Phase inversion; Permeation; Materials science; Surface modification; Grafting; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.02901592390260438,"score_gpt":0.2536105021266832,"score_spread":0.2245945782240788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313519693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99848056,0.000060588092,0.0001624033,0.00037098888,0.000028859971,0.0004279316,0.0000070126894,0.00022000779,0.00024165702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941507,0.000021291136,0.00554409,0.000015336405,0.0000066710495,0.000024033243,0.000017767059,0.00001909361,0.00020099887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989763,0.00003826463,0.0002984234,0.00028595893,0.0001521888,0.00024887564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956536,0.00005545752,0.00012492707,0.00021750851,0.000014801344,0.000021930855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036720646,0.00013792086,0.00019401277,0.000068726156,0.00010217073,0.000023539847,0.00021012111,0.00005810027,0.000011292582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006388588,0.000104621075,0.00003114722,0.0005818906,0.00017959383,0.00021256873,0.0000779519,0.00006943431,0.000058183858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051380703,0.000033342872,0.017494874,0.000059263442,0.000007715782,0.0000032674661,0.0004915112,0.027498746,0.9530492,0.000016644888,0.000030352523,0.0012637444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003694704,0.00004998341,0.010092097,0.000036103072,0.000008089297,0.000009369547,0.0002129732,0.017673785,0.9711172,0.00018668613,0.00010314505,0.00014108318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003060434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004627966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018068058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000335068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008450895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42663237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313680899","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121355","title":"Triethanolamine-based zwitterionic polyester thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes with excellent fouling-resistance for efficient dye and antibiotic separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Triethanolamine; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Sulfanilic acid; Chemistry; Polyamide; Materials science; Monomer; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score_opus":0.013711455360433045,"score_gpt":0.26386557704625496,"score_spread":0.2501541216858219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313680899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98906547,0.000110050954,0.0069784103,0.0024823125,0.000294567,0.00054338155,0.000005352073,0.000094526185,0.00042592693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938238,0.000060722505,0.0054141306,0.00017683762,0.00004103458,0.000009450682,0.000004173795,0.000017675018,0.00045216823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99734765,0.00006138653,0.0005827321,0.000453967,0.0011202188,0.00043404175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985878,0.00022598114,0.0005992731,0.0003166283,0.00012505006,0.00014525988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018557603,0.00023015337,0.00032414778,0.00037852526,0.00050544116,0.00021543304,0.0005502658,0.00008343759,0.00003679277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018428793,0.00017054616,0.000077531426,0.0014699904,0.00092036,0.00066958694,0.000082983344,0.0001657532,0.000031286905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003135305,0.000067914465,0.0013397159,0.00010699373,0.000008724715,0.00001350427,0.00040351288,0.13938084,0.8576486,0.00006646022,0.0001564286,0.0004937805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016086011,0.0005027142,0.012364425,0.00016012753,0.000041603944,0.00006514914,0.00023250676,0.10017165,0.88388944,0.00007404214,0.00061882497,0.00027093964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007861427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026767488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0392092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015771607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015517721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69546705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316923292","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202200092","title":"Strategies for Mitigating MBR Membrane Biofouling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Extracellular polymeric substance; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Reuse; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Bioreactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Fouling; Bacteria; Biofilm; Engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012217386666006563,"score_gpt":0.22503959427233428,"score_spread":0.21282220760632772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316923292","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914268,0.00002557508,0.0058606467,0.0010038083,0.0002298332,0.00023781683,0.000037195678,0.000025181122,0.0011531115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97201663,0.000018934343,0.025526306,0.002303873,0.0000387393,0.000021073762,0.0000115295925,0.00001583952,0.00004709118],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982287,0.000034032902,0.0008110869,0.000077472614,0.0005939299,0.00025476233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988729,0.000095011965,0.0007983596,0.0001677191,0.0000021085325,0.00006394218],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059006346,0.00014749913,0.0002032961,0.000103961116,0.00034732366,0.00006389218,0.00046439585,0.00003375511,0.0017108661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024127658,0.00014009632,0.00014287524,0.00011651022,0.00019434681,0.0009728994,0.00029026065,0.00032156447,0.000035550085],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065670676,0.00010677466,0.0018561445,0.00004164,0.00005809115,0.000013216286,0.0037680254,0.2526297,0.7275754,0.00019531383,0.009467104,0.004222879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009377247,0.0035502745,0.008306047,0.00010721989,0.00036020394,0.0023138039,0.22897905,0.07806444,0.3177367,0.0046803374,0.34376904,0.002755632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030009337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.897249e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40983874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036931044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012128773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317535631","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.116400","title":"Performance, energy and economic investigation of airgap membrane distillation system: An experimental and numerical investigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai; National Institute of Technology, Raipur","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Process engineering; Membrane; Materials science; Engineering; Desalination; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.017003196950323186,"score_gpt":0.23417420392785443,"score_spread":0.21717100697753125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317535631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986892,0.000022759195,0.0004010251,0.000079991885,0.000074239935,0.00012829322,0.0000038901567,0.00020499856,0.0003956138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992722,0.000031739262,0.00046690306,0.000012021598,0.000020774658,0.000030017698,0.00012365794,0.000010555283,0.000032105294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919736,0.000063180254,0.00024349737,0.00024083711,0.00015699246,0.00009811329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962765,0.00003219166,0.00014809996,0.00012351348,0.000009192989,0.00005936659],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002489349,0.000096095195,0.000109845896,0.000121042955,0.00010340879,0.000024743513,0.000060486276,0.000074780175,0.00002288047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020212769,0.00009917919,0.000010193299,0.00022713523,0.0002071092,0.00066400063,0.000061350256,0.000034020228,0.000022602391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000330518,0.000018521347,0.259952,0.00015564814,0.000008826914,7.1409397e-7,0.0020097408,0.008955595,0.68852514,0.018687552,0.00024694408,0.021406243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021936884,0.00009789272,0.25941455,0.00001711385,0.0000075026646,0.000004920762,0.0002663934,0.42049208,0.3188955,0.00036774605,0.00010081926,0.00011612771],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014909027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018615441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41153648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012389035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009421501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40444097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317938513","doi":"10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102067","title":"Protocol for fabrication of the absorption-based regenerable microporous membrane for ultrafast and energy-efficient removal of antibiotics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"STAR Protocols","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microporous material; Membrane; Protocol (science); Fabrication; Absorption (acoustics); Adsorption; Materials science; Ultrashort pulse; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Medicine; Composite material","score_opus":0.03504687363630763,"score_gpt":0.31162461892799365,"score_spread":0.276577745291686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317938513","genre_codex":"protocol","genre_gemma":"protocol","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"protocol","genre_consensus":"protocol","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07373084,5.9755746e-7,0.009710289,0.0003220764,0.000024258332,0.9156269,0.000108560234,0.00011074515,0.00036577947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0869285,3.176803e-7,0.014041743,0.000036511035,0.000016986594,0.89785963,0.000016810029,0.000023824023,0.0010756716],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895793,0.0000382953,0.00034723966,0.0002491156,0.00022554724,0.00018188068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991116,0.00010470642,0.00031664775,0.00038602666,0.000058271085,0.000022769404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042287298,0.00011007418,0.00016307818,0.00005079114,0.00011677363,0.000011968532,0.00025651886,0.00007842138,0.00004128216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018849988,0.00008012334,0.000065998596,0.00037357686,0.00026100746,0.000038774022,0.00006405679,0.000037584236,0.0000028644804],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019056226,0.00012772421,0.00052861735,0.000545296,0.0000065198483,2.008036e-7,0.00007435207,0.017331216,0.9757636,0.0009417261,0.0011471276,0.0033430408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011223537,0.00022294806,0.00081236474,0.00006807519,0.0000053444555,0.0000013018628,0.00003730541,0.029296642,0.9447439,0.0004676885,0.023132535,0.000089566965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043727545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002269651,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031019742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044801207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040543295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3267335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318541489","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4343183","title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Hybrid Ultrafiltration Membranes with Silver Loaded Mof-5 for Enhanced Permeation, Antifouling and Antibiofouling Performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Membrane; Characterization (materials science); Permeation; Materials science; Fluoride; Fabrication; Chemical engineering; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.007648465436158045,"score_gpt":0.2192787654744203,"score_spread":0.21163030003826225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318541489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95706403,0.00012016773,0.042118903,0.00024233946,0.00004190303,0.00030023785,0.000004122183,0.000075484335,0.000032838718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948844,0.0043925056,0.00037539986,0.000017095696,0.000044939065,0.000012219562,0.000048995138,0.0000169311,0.00020755564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986002,0.000027686963,0.00030586252,0.0002530109,0.00023037424,0.00058285974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945265,0.00004870208,0.0002904229,0.00011571152,0.00005766758,0.000034822773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006888902,0.00013549639,0.00016253545,0.00012975762,0.00028001794,0.000049808757,0.000109861176,0.000054397657,0.000016671682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008283351,0.0001186528,0.000022834913,0.00032849563,0.00011881424,0.00074580195,0.000024793935,0.00023827566,0.0000061871046],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007553072,0.000011263297,0.00758474,0.000036115194,0.000018556217,1.6544512e-7,0.00022681392,0.00048119025,0.9602051,0.00022658243,0.0000019516845,0.031131992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005912737,0.00031494742,0.05177516,0.000037172354,0.000025166146,0.00007611144,0.00046548093,0.013990479,0.9312673,0.0012477787,0.00004214604,0.00016695767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014367509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002587914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04419042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013353377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4838521},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319443554","doi":"10.3390/molecules28041559","title":"Removal of Nutrients from Water Using Biosurfactant Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Nutrient; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018944387113285017,"score_gpt":0.24226951143416817,"score_spread":0.22332512432088314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319443554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99558896,0.000012114111,0.002215682,0.000081341226,0.000077220364,0.000116425974,0.000012884505,0.00014967922,0.0017457134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952324,0.000019796214,0.004470813,0.00002620495,0.000006807526,0.000002955955,0.000045796005,0.00000953261,0.00018566182],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991777,0.000027147438,0.00018889493,0.00021045317,0.00022606434,0.00016972875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996818,0.000018922112,0.000055809196,0.00021428314,0.00000669664,0.000022529573],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007915816,0.00008615435,0.00010125264,0.000043511285,0.000054305387,0.00001378294,0.00016209269,0.00006666896,0.000477511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003094348,0.000068105226,0.000033129832,0.0002269393,0.00010579772,0.00009364993,0.00008493447,0.000045580455,0.00060051447],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009500248,0.000014929584,0.00040019563,0.000003020602,0.000004983689,0.0000126937375,0.00024900283,0.0030224258,0.99547106,0.000014068484,0.0000925335,0.00070556207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001373835,0.000017481665,0.002196748,0.000008144448,0.000006187449,0.0000023608877,0.00011805612,0.0043819896,0.99176973,0.00088762725,0.0003862934,0.00008799131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019774317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017540657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037013474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035431873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035051205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7718599},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320000085","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-88510-2.00009-9","title":"High-rate anaerobic processes for agro-food wastewater treatment: recent trends and advancements","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suez (Canada); Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Anaerobic exercise; High energy; Waste management; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Medicine; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.028207940738643227,"score_gpt":0.24951533443597754,"score_spread":0.22130739369733432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320000085","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005401084,0.0008420122,0.0000058790934,0.0007963915,0.00055371044,0.0020359291,0.00047641923,0.0006925538,0.989196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018948275,0.002560118,0.0009984258,0.00009039712,0.00006338505,0.00047737348,0.00019182905,0.00011359238,0.99361],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99810314,0.00001581979,0.00043213175,0.00081804127,0.00022240379,0.00040847436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990244,0.00006745848,0.0002731961,0.00051298965,0.000022717088,0.00009922179],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012753831,0.00054143707,0.0005122821,0.0001757888,0.00018483614,0.00006187688,0.00027700054,0.00028417012,0.00067311805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027526621,0.00043577547,0.00008930849,0.00005881609,0.000252963,0.00011705207,0.00022665101,0.00013143857,0.00035805823],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036418514,0.0000150148235,0.0000113030355,0.0000947385,0.00010235928,0.000005176894,0.00012796807,0.000019264478,0.0006730305,0.0007904424,0.00029182254,0.9978325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007970132,0.0008744826,0.00006669519,0.000117569565,0.00013023775,0.0000037359737,0.0000119287,0.0000040415257,0.011285584,0.015906144,0.9702766,0.0005259676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017808375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036133555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99730647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028166772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025829499,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320017885","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2436/1/012013","title":"Effect of pressure and cross-flow velocity on membrane behaviour in red wine nanofiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Winemaking; Chemistry; Wine; Permeation; Chromatography; Membrane technology; Cross-flow filtration; Chemical engineering; Food science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01451955356555618,"score_gpt":0.27487865253248905,"score_spread":0.2603590989669329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320017885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989674,0.000011125367,0.00012154038,0.00043294538,0.00005205362,0.00011805683,0.000008510805,0.000023025083,0.0002653471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995298,0.000055910255,0.00026460123,0.000011884027,0.000027306225,0.0000033842232,0.0000032746543,0.0000061031096,0.00009777836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990746,0.00008655282,0.00030070174,0.0001235601,0.0002975576,0.00011703139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994389,0.00008506585,0.00028933436,0.00011740382,0.00003434113,0.00003495314],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042100277,0.00010912799,0.0002610534,0.000042611347,0.00004306906,0.000032643246,0.00017036709,0.000068886664,0.0001298879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001597928,0.00008773149,0.000038832663,0.00028735946,0.00023021629,0.0005358225,0.000066406654,0.0001644606,0.000008244652],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010535785,0.000111005196,0.07930599,0.00022838743,0.000047503738,0.00003735141,0.0021515344,0.03049135,0.7908977,0.0009126284,0.00038448223,0.09437845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048445948,0.00091737305,0.108357236,0.00004175337,0.000018598985,0.0000056062736,0.000054883985,0.0011697568,0.88794786,0.00088845583,0.000037893005,0.000076124736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012504831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069192524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09705012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001291743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016149901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3577586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320018734","doi":"10.3808/jei.202300486","title":"Multifunctional PVDF Membrane Coated with ZnO-Ag Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: Factorial and Mechanism Analyses","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Calgary; University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Light Source","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Wastewater; Photocatalysis; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.028122718646990095,"score_gpt":0.26417720077818485,"score_spread":0.23605448213119476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320018734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99818105,0.000020185014,0.0010923938,0.00015878008,0.00010822307,0.00028484527,0.000042172516,0.000029700035,0.000082660015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98636484,0.0002387391,0.013069267,0.000051499046,0.000045505596,0.000013606812,0.000041153813,0.000011921122,0.00016348479],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989405,0.00001656618,0.0004886175,0.00009283309,0.0002900825,0.00017135269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993189,0.00011876025,0.00035231505,0.0000961981,0.0000056822255,0.0001081513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016689493,0.00017038174,0.00022720172,0.00010966806,0.00017706952,0.00006154404,0.00008516269,0.000075739095,0.00017974085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002297261,0.00011569064,0.00005239297,0.00009899163,0.00018357937,0.000615219,0.0000774777,0.000079460595,0.000024823063],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000300781,0.00010954914,0.0061885407,0.000047395897,0.00023356963,0.000008157066,0.0026964366,0.012396892,0.9748803,0.00007644081,0.0003450339,0.0027169173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004745672,0.0022290973,0.0063601257,0.000051603907,0.00023592339,0.0003444551,0.004818952,0.030938478,0.9437787,0.00061210425,0.0054889238,0.00039594562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004937588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036997503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031101568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014012163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000885032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47177273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320527633","doi":"10.1061/joeedu.eeeng-7070","title":"Comparing Sedimentation, Flotation, and In-Line Pretreatment for Low-Pressure Membrane Fouling Reduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Flocculation; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Dissolved organic carbon; Membrane; Water treatment; Dissolved air flotation; Coagulation; Sedimentation; Membrane technology; Turbidity; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.012754384773149652,"score_gpt":0.22956244441043253,"score_spread":0.21680805963728286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320527633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99757767,0.00014802653,0.0015961942,0.00017079526,0.00018979106,0.00024066026,0.0000040133827,0.000043167922,0.000029678591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99566543,0.00022698613,0.00392505,0.00000758478,0.000046810397,0.00001778845,0.000009083607,0.000017079157,0.00008420143],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999078,0.00001073721,0.00038081006,0.00014903396,0.00021578863,0.00016563488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996581,0.000051575505,0.00015081491,0.00008581964,0.0000028312486,0.00005084031],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027289864,0.000118823125,0.0001741541,0.00015397988,0.000050307834,0.00001936405,0.00009341271,0.000050397404,0.000067663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004528192,0.00011781536,0.000040508734,0.00017607103,0.000053192438,0.00036570855,0.00006092266,0.00010862161,0.000014010267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002972434,0.000031754407,0.0053585838,0.00002774906,0.00002142911,0.0000040502946,0.00025797743,0.6840228,0.30932382,0.00001290009,0.000050555704,0.0008586669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002968849,0.0003207795,0.16941212,0.00014105455,0.000092543014,0.00013803395,0.0016305874,0.45247307,0.37118995,0.0001932701,0.0010628497,0.00037688497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005952224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025066206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23154971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001685768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030869987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4804371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321133745","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103570","title":"Performance evaluation of a pilot-scale membrane filtration system for oily wastewater treatment: CFD modeling and scale-up design","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Pilot plant; Aeration; Inlet; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane fouling; Desalination; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Chemistry; Fouling; Engineering","score_opus":0.04242252808075791,"score_gpt":0.2536453340039625,"score_spread":0.21122280592320458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321133745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798475,0.000028157483,0.019537129,0.0000443254,0.00010872437,0.00034180452,0.0000016660068,0.00005923972,0.000031479834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973651,0.00004005046,0.0024292006,0.0000011207545,0.000030612333,0.00006308533,0.0000034398147,0.000015704458,0.000051698113],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892837,0.00001978354,0.00038942005,0.00012409568,0.00036484562,0.00017350151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996627,0.000023273547,0.00011519721,0.00008997855,0.00007231726,0.000036534417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00096944923,0.000117216485,0.00019352442,0.00014264767,0.000055605633,0.000025729682,0.000110675224,0.000046886358,0.000012263564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024059224,0.000079188765,0.000033346056,0.00013539892,0.000018360659,0.0005204154,0.000020824858,0.000052461175,0.0000061533524],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045231693,0.000008520038,0.00009205697,0.00017645056,0.000010498329,2.9156817e-7,0.0008643977,0.68559843,0.31184533,4.7436663e-7,0.0000017809587,0.0013565575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044862743,0.00019962143,0.000054846027,0.00006554398,0.00003523914,0.000016982432,0.00015602648,0.53272504,0.46623573,0.000010029673,0.0000028083866,0.00004955171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030310448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012345439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15439038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013342926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000135139235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3229224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321193469","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2023.100063","title":"Polymer membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration: Recent progress, challenges and perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Consortium national de formation en santé, Volet Université d'Ottawa; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Polymer; Materials science; Synthetic membrane; Nanotechnology; Polyimide; Polymer science; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.03270461650710411,"score_gpt":0.27424836529241803,"score_spread":0.24154374878531393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321193469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8013987,0.13369392,0.00021247313,0.050006084,0.00081957836,0.003417309,0.0000358447,0.0033876172,0.0070284726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8559534,0.13632487,0.0028761514,0.0001427884,0.00010607089,0.0007444981,0.000042897427,0.00007623711,0.0037330708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832827,0.00003587746,0.00026141922,0.0006553517,0.0002930758,0.00042600188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992356,0.00015086838,0.00011838562,0.00037674635,0.00003218431,0.00008625112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002188945,0.0002532737,0.00026019287,0.0000921408,0.0002588783,0.000036921687,0.0002489409,0.00011554884,0.00058691425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001536747,0.00022666644,0.000056963287,0.00040137593,0.00041587485,0.0004754012,0.00014632671,0.00008730498,0.00025776247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020550133,0.00019029726,0.00032700543,0.00060879457,0.00007486585,0.000014800458,0.006646877,0.000402657,0.6675474,0.006078623,0.0009433285,0.31695986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012267214,0.00029315797,0.0026754162,0.000045219567,0.00003709607,0.00002843664,0.008839693,0.00037561418,0.8658145,0.0051144077,0.11495196,0.000597774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000278576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000729113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31636208,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000061903695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001677409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9243189},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321374839","doi":"10.3390/membranes13020245","title":"Incorporation of Functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) into Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Nanofiltration Membranes for Water Softening","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Halloysite; Chemical engineering; Permeance; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Polymer; Permeation","score_opus":0.01721715564171912,"score_gpt":0.2455866079783812,"score_spread":0.22836945233666206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321374839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99212104,0.00011090615,0.0025564714,0.0012999964,0.0004858848,0.0009877735,0.00001871017,0.00081910595,0.001600116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894459,0.00010798713,0.004259805,0.0001715114,0.00008190096,0.00034494593,0.0005104658,0.000050892042,0.0050265384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976004,0.00010238911,0.00067594484,0.0005885296,0.0006145072,0.00041823383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989418,0.00022227093,0.00024155933,0.00045232096,0.00007507285,0.000067024695],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007767343,0.00031103333,0.00040233877,0.00021399159,0.0004452727,0.000078064695,0.00041215948,0.00022530298,0.001295343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014286731,0.00024718617,0.00018073175,0.00064997503,0.00029194297,0.00087645336,0.00020071316,0.000104528015,0.000875576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019517026,0.000052904164,0.001814505,0.00034096598,0.000038874612,0.0000027599012,0.0013040656,0.0412399,0.9517504,0.00040409277,0.0010048052,0.0018515352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008932999,0.00013090593,0.0013351865,0.000034735123,0.000044783803,0.000008593499,0.00028475738,0.022030534,0.95102954,0.0059148557,0.017953323,0.0003395082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022701213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019744542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019209364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083164225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022877563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999803},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321597248","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00229-x","title":"Electrohydrodynamic atomization of CNT on PTFE membrane for scaling resistant membranes in membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Desalination; Scanning electron microscope; Concentration polarization; Coating; Electrohydrodynamics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013643658022728279,"score_gpt":0.24738561046778426,"score_spread":0.233741952445056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321597248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99638516,0.0000047693475,0.0003411394,0.00068109453,0.0001015221,0.00064592937,0.000015250527,0.00027090058,0.0015542267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985388,0.000042479525,0.00030731087,0.000056336572,0.000023146318,0.000055949717,0.00017465075,0.000037473605,0.0007638896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981712,0.00006601991,0.00050948816,0.00044601545,0.00037491653,0.00043233935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993325,0.00012555042,0.00011701124,0.00036725818,0.000016638605,0.000041077543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005962472,0.00019388214,0.00028018834,0.00027226645,0.00010315922,0.00002408884,0.00024959104,0.00014532465,0.00035568725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112150774,0.00015166943,0.00008049795,0.0005757625,0.00012603395,0.00019290553,0.00008837161,0.00011231641,0.0003112627],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003907716,0.00005037781,0.00082130736,0.00013010362,0.000010366578,0.000003856248,0.000498073,0.10994896,0.88493407,0.00061560044,0.00015728056,0.002439207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080173236,0.00012113352,0.00472897,0.00003965296,0.000012302758,0.0000012051213,0.00012426275,0.085376725,0.90593886,0.0017872459,0.0008524481,0.00021543649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010657374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031710314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024572238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017096913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070372203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61849004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321615651","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2023.1095920","title":"Biochar as a novel technology for treatment of onsite domestic wastewater: A critical review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Wastewater; Sanitation; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Contamination; Carbonization; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Pyrolysis; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.040848495136342505,"score_gpt":0.3346776388574491,"score_spread":0.2938291437211066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321615651","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00033747705,0.99495643,0.00044238835,0.00020624127,0.00049432734,0.0030570023,0.00020286892,0.00012554106,0.00017771416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00018879025,0.9833071,0.014756603,0.000032265543,0.000013938798,0.001099268,0.000037702423,0.000050641745,0.00051368197],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99624676,0.00004745536,0.0009837783,0.0012612529,0.000663031,0.0007977029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983729,0.0001603002,0.00036791535,0.0009509584,0.000003845556,0.00014407933],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006014973,0.0005439989,0.0017825221,0.0007070904,0.00017346171,0.000022881872,0.0013583425,0.000342441,0.00023273619],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051019416,0.0004359841,0.00031934617,0.00213299,0.00473566,0.00024338634,0.0006243299,0.00015223063,0.00068436685],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012345777,0.0007068271,0.00019680845,0.008939841,0.000049532486,0.000040694576,0.00009016477,0.00002559444,0.0017951766,0.00024318878,0.0012743874,0.98662543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005932804,0.0010515362,0.000030254874,0.013415994,0.00052890886,0.0001654456,0.00021384074,0.00013731122,0.0020816433,0.0015107624,0.9792969,0.00097409403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025911917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045118195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9856514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001883036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010952325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322576236","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-823874-5.00014-0","title":"Integrating ecofriendly nanomaterials with deep-bed filtration for cleaning up industrial wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Flocculation; Suspended solids; Effluent; Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Microfiltration; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.03363259464890981,"score_gpt":0.24181512762743837,"score_spread":0.20818253297852857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322576236","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010780757,0.00001151644,0.00007708872,0.00007778396,0.0011282759,0.0021821097,0.00007419611,0.00066760153,0.98500067],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009575135,0.000008916264,0.003110205,0.00007520353,0.00031860213,0.0003319228,0.00018096445,0.00016695427,0.9862321],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99778193,0.000035029883,0.00066043425,0.00070237846,0.0004089581,0.00041128998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987458,0.00013670349,0.00050225126,0.00051518984,0.000024891813,0.000075173775],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046277186,0.00049363263,0.00053344684,0.00012635681,0.00025466338,0.00016368064,0.00042364703,0.0005906081,0.0011776017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011510466,0.0003909791,0.00012800035,0.000032569616,0.0002553476,0.00016917463,0.00022855707,0.0003352489,0.0006634235],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018719518,0.0000063424136,0.000017635222,0.00006665847,0.0000981707,0.000016840117,0.000935619,0.000068003756,0.021204403,0.005152306,0.0010561919,0.97119063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017750986,0.0007990276,0.000008015972,0.000674371,0.00021217667,0.000037185608,0.000357471,0.00028664383,0.14172164,0.014170926,0.8384171,0.0015403355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002770355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022128162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9696503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019590966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045319743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322775929","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c06794","title":"Development of Superpermeable Wood-Based Forward Osmosis Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Membrane; Glutaraldehyde; Vinyl alcohol; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Layer (electronics); Interfacial polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Kraft paper; Polymer chemistry; Layer by layer; Composite material; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemistry; Monomer","score_opus":0.007738696638527055,"score_gpt":0.20376345161165443,"score_spread":0.19602475497312738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322775929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948931,0.0000426407,0.00069359405,0.00010873782,0.000023731618,0.00015099494,0.0000017939926,0.0006072343,0.003478204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894548,0.000010260603,0.0050604376,0.000010858192,0.000011444161,0.00009855227,0.00002770374,0.00003063505,0.005295285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985435,0.000003708062,0.0002969652,0.00029388198,0.00030730112,0.0005546534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994283,0.000053140615,0.00005683043,0.00036232968,0.000026359296,0.00007309512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025478742,0.00019289629,0.00019999906,0.00006352868,0.00011017277,0.000024194434,0.00038203364,0.00012306514,0.00067550456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023933931,0.00020691792,0.00004888078,0.00087450707,0.000062185136,0.00018233803,0.00025577226,0.00012132706,0.00009460933],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042062497,0.000019092506,0.00033908006,0.000637823,0.0000133919775,0.000017117047,0.00024110149,0.19096728,0.8069439,0.000043685523,0.00041148832,0.0003618544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001738071,0.000005367546,0.00027360284,0.000019115467,0.000006661342,0.0000016920661,0.0012143735,0.007086295,0.94010586,0.000031670683,0.05086889,0.000212692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002435606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.908601e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18388098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026774802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058782935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8437868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323048282","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162569","title":"Membrane processes for environmental remediation of nanomaterials: Potentials and challenges","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Microfiltration; Nanomaterials; Nanofiltration; Environmental remediation; Groundwater remediation; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Contamination","score_opus":0.06427032937748649,"score_gpt":0.2806881726964538,"score_spread":0.2164178433189673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323048282","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0114505775,0.98343116,0.000012627386,0.0005266025,0.00039595374,0.0035870648,0.00022951141,0.000057258912,0.0003092404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00421633,0.99457526,0.00027510378,0.0000020122175,0.000027607311,0.00022296894,0.000006828892,0.000029684848,0.0006441965],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99755895,0.00011676179,0.00069764897,0.0005491779,0.0007636006,0.000313872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99783784,0.0002929305,0.000975458,0.00084329187,0.000003613498,0.00004684258],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016270117,0.00030255527,0.0007220548,0.00008116629,0.0002807186,0.000023437891,0.0013457569,0.0001352295,0.00012646154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034146954,0.00016425044,0.00017101421,0.00030624116,0.0035499604,0.00019730601,0.0014069288,0.000093523486,0.00006126628],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031696716,0.000266219,0.0000019662189,0.017900497,0.00016123892,6.6129627e-7,0.00097388413,0.0035231435,0.08911169,0.00051894394,0.00009432593,0.8874157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018169336,0.0016318245,0.0018549127,0.009516822,0.0042777616,0.00025677957,0.002367375,0.00066551025,0.5279901,0.006525156,0.4396351,0.0034617432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074617496,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.248874e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.883954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016677573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005591112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323064169","doi":"10.1007/978-981-19-9176-9","title":"Membranes for Water Treatment and Remediation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Materials horizons","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology; Contamination","score_opus":0.02323560065109015,"score_gpt":0.24732697429012918,"score_spread":0.22409137363903903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323064169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6641452,0.00041871512,0.00028850496,0.0077565615,0.009939684,0.012905501,0.0040196367,0.0052024405,0.2953238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005358025,0.0008607076,0.00032823795,0.000037448473,0.0003158172,0.0006162866,0.0012488512,0.00008737805,0.9911472],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989177,0.000023365958,0.00027182346,0.00040271648,0.00013156212,0.000252811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994977,0.00006909716,0.00009370237,0.00029297016,0.0000061146925,0.000040402498],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018430242,0.0002509675,0.0003288894,0.000066783105,0.00012382165,0.00007358609,0.00013636888,0.00029512265,0.0016503489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034798617,0.0001750358,0.000044615186,0.000024583664,0.00013237802,0.00011112521,0.00013932474,0.000033347424,0.0019135816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056122524,0.000025157862,0.0000053793883,0.00026373984,0.000062855426,0.0000062785543,0.00029944602,0.000025941772,0.93825793,0.0011129531,0.055632167,0.0042520408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017365004,0.00023174295,0.000010223684,0.000013960831,0.000050463765,0.0000022329564,0.000010192468,0.000003992991,0.62172735,0.008968603,0.36860746,0.00020015318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038637085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007447378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6958235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024061315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015269592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323353270","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.03.005","title":"Predicting and evaluating the performance of DCMD: The effect of non-ideal morphology and thermal conductivity of porous nanocomposite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Thermal conductivity; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Nanocomposite; Porosity; Composite material; Particle (ecology); Heat flux; Phase (matter); Heat transfer; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012307906761035681,"score_gpt":0.24798153318050084,"score_spread":0.23567362641946515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323353270","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99888045,0.00011419369,0.000064780004,0.00010052539,0.000020216288,0.0007217597,0.000007032667,0.000021190144,0.00006983716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964195,0.00024256646,0.00001976789,0.0000043429995,0.0000061433993,0.000060522503,0.0000027276935,0.0000066540993,0.000015322474],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991468,0.00011354829,0.0002296229,0.00019483131,0.00019959023,0.00011560981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995,0.00012684235,0.00023517378,0.000121445235,0.000002135283,0.000014418942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087943004,0.000106865715,0.00016782733,0.00002557766,0.00025455712,0.0000047015183,0.00009179173,0.0000653002,0.000022398484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037511698,0.00006435028,0.000016577402,0.00013071774,0.0008975666,0.00018580533,0.00018580636,0.00013426642,0.0000013313629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029531124,0.0000109511475,0.14443862,0.00028197907,0.000013611177,1.6628739e-7,0.0007765266,0.01710002,0.8157075,8.4829634e-7,1.799827e-7,0.021374295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004044404,0.0010043478,0.34200084,0.000027329419,0.000027977503,0.00003240563,0.00042862122,0.094928816,0.56105286,0.00002725435,0.0000019289648,0.00006318452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017944603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000061753967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25465462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015066791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023537566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33071217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323568076","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121572","title":"High-performance zwitterionic membranes via an adhesive prebiotic chemistry-inspired coating strategy: A demonstration in dye/salt fractionation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"China Scholarship Council; KU Leuven; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Methacrylate; Polymer chemistry; Fractionation; Salt (chemistry); Coating; Copolymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.01644225173417438,"score_gpt":0.2615474446344964,"score_spread":0.24510519290032204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323568076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979777,0.000016332044,0.00026681813,0.0005360019,0.00023946764,0.00021355615,0.0000016122369,0.00011189936,0.0006366494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99833,0.00013982462,0.0012557196,0.000051672396,0.00006646429,0.000009041288,0.0000056519116,0.000013503319,0.00012812385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970086,0.00007338212,0.0008047211,0.0004082806,0.0012651037,0.0004399181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985831,0.00010664097,0.00074362586,0.000312408,0.00011106357,0.00014320321],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022205526,0.00019933074,0.00027329722,0.00035927555,0.00034595327,0.00014869125,0.00083159993,0.00012622426,0.00038141647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047774083,0.00018081971,0.000048113867,0.0028047154,0.0006089786,0.0034481487,0.00011032687,0.00038715955,0.00013324838],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003491368,0.000057016532,0.003271344,0.000039392027,0.0000031750303,0.000016887865,0.00022259419,0.12769125,0.86048776,0.000019786989,0.000016019427,0.008139871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055146206,0.00023147924,0.09017236,0.00007077226,0.000010345281,0.00013656978,0.00047947236,0.08413815,0.82357967,0.00038526193,0.000033166176,0.00021131926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000083349354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000063489264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08690102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041339485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002185346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7373614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324015319","doi":"10.3166/acsm.32.141-158","title":"Plasma processes for membranes modification or manufacture","year":2007,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Surface modification; Plasma; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.07374912202410777,"score_gpt":0.3302497004232197,"score_spread":0.25650057839911194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324015319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8908088,0.0024002283,0.089179635,0.007893279,0.0008899648,0.0014225283,0.00012449062,0.0004220002,0.006859056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9155066,0.002453527,0.06941971,0.0005169274,0.00020371686,0.00009314662,0.000019770163,0.000041247495,0.011745356],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964258,0.000036937134,0.000536472,0.00092655985,0.00066819374,0.0014060056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980802,0.00048704093,0.00030644017,0.000615602,0.00017237496,0.0003383347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023786768,0.00038040237,0.00029402194,0.00029998494,0.0011288151,0.00036259342,0.0015228002,0.0002920107,0.0011755507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022820255,0.000322038,0.00009404334,0.0017015003,0.0052786977,0.0018182665,0.00022745959,0.00023693818,0.00077944674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011063351,0.000930086,0.0051820194,0.004743704,0.00006632248,0.00006103948,0.009388192,0.03352272,0.35294777,0.01945136,0.014919552,0.5576809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005500044,0.0003570401,0.02021857,0.0001870508,0.00005050417,0.00022012489,0.0022205224,0.010075738,0.87573826,0.01691278,0.072823785,0.0006456229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012714133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010378138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55703527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056351774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053114095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327559586","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2023.112554","title":"Improved adsorption desalination performance of DUT-67 by incorporating Graphene Oxide (GO)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Postal Museum; Djavad Mowafaghian Foundation; Huazhong University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Adsorption; Desalination; Materials science; Graphene; Mass transfer; Oxide; Composite number; Composite material; Coefficient of performance; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.008400794338146599,"score_gpt":0.2180775148123864,"score_spread":0.2096767204742398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4327559586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987668,0.00006111438,0.00009242146,0.00008763943,0.00013923406,0.0003347714,0.000047925172,0.0002646761,0.00020542322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974098,0.00026712994,0.0014478164,0.000046076028,0.000016262802,0.000037561487,0.00014245168,0.000024115208,0.00060876267],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864894,0.000058781952,0.0005026919,0.00033281214,0.0001974243,0.0002593693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992817,0.000024250929,0.00038543472,0.00024246142,0.000021181797,0.000044974655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065879495,0.00018283394,0.00026545042,0.00008560213,0.00012689838,0.00004528845,0.00016952216,0.00013153425,0.0002691529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004991857,0.00016758889,0.000026090976,0.00030071478,0.00024101602,0.00026593058,0.0001814579,0.000056557692,0.00012924621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003215545,0.000025984305,0.002479073,0.00005983148,0.0000070145393,0.0000014868164,0.00014951984,0.00003264061,0.99238676,0.000093631075,0.0014182437,0.003313637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031739072,0.00014786438,0.00794432,0.000018250768,0.0000125362085,0.000016663686,0.00014657795,0.00029391027,0.990127,0.00044822108,0.00034069162,0.00018652357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044250887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033381137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005465247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005210239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010077813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68340766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360786817","doi":"10.37867/te1402169","title":"A REVIEW: WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF FOOD INDUSTRY BY SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Towards Excellence","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Wastewater; Population; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Reuse; Effluent; Business; Environmental science; Engineering; Natural resource economics; Economics","score_opus":0.01619759458576445,"score_gpt":0.24528732036539885,"score_spread":0.2290897257796344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4360786817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93083805,0.041546024,0.00004094547,0.007911377,0.000099487916,0.001479093,0.00007889755,0.0008746129,0.017131498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783244,0.008169857,0.00029258226,0.00012470235,0.000003022635,0.00047794808,0.000009554275,0.0000131888855,0.012584704],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864423,0.00005594687,0.00026835446,0.0003460959,0.00034693786,0.00033841474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992166,0.000019910853,0.00014197113,0.00058440433,0.000009112163,0.000027961652],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001914064,0.00016306054,0.0002449246,0.000053451487,0.00018360888,0.0000079645115,0.0005812419,0.00010451954,0.004814198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006550437,0.0001367484,0.00006042106,0.00049656635,0.00028720795,0.0001221591,0.0007300025,0.00020618475,0.000064020685],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008979851,0.0016426195,0.004200477,0.0009764467,0.000093350194,0.00008654671,0.0017480225,0.0017090114,0.11463418,0.0009889943,0.74466735,0.1291632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002645157,0.001393612,0.000042888358,0.000033913315,0.000019208463,0.000017604105,0.0042101904,0.00004653228,0.4474888,0.0012007863,0.5450601,0.00022185281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002729642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002525432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33285463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003693541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027582244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99609554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361228888","doi":"10.1002/adma.202301011","title":"Space‐Confined Metal Ion Strategy for Carbon Materials Derived from Cobalt Benzimidazole Frameworks with High Desalination Performance in Simulated Seawater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Desalination; Cobalt; Seawater; Benzimidazole; Carbon fibers; Chemical engineering; Metal; Metal-organic framework; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Adsorption; Membrane; Composite material; Oceanography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014105933140228184,"score_gpt":0.2537531010903094,"score_spread":0.23964716795008123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361228888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99743706,0.0000074801724,0.00017888652,0.00021736546,0.0003784921,0.0011186387,0.00011242273,0.000439052,0.00011060384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962522,0.000051309886,0.0026516987,0.000042860283,0.000041453193,0.00023759608,0.0005559368,0.000047234582,0.00011975533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998129,0.00008385524,0.00048403878,0.00052544876,0.00030971557,0.00046795115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992056,0.00010937387,0.00024150372,0.00035847106,0.00003715569,0.00004792821],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003825173,0.00028679988,0.00043664058,0.00011138719,0.00009454085,0.00008846149,0.00024269894,0.00032219617,0.0008543576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010561415,0.00024247846,0.00002143431,0.00036874393,0.00011877643,0.00046064617,0.00011536965,0.000106320585,0.00015069864],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042742558,0.000023076795,0.00029568645,0.000028692346,0.000014260798,0.000005404902,0.00008993624,0.10616371,0.89245206,0.000117979565,0.000010750071,0.00037100434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013619835,0.0001985935,0.029001286,0.000057925852,0.000020629122,9.510352e-7,0.000096248245,0.0013899816,0.9653265,0.0021441677,0.000090663394,0.00031105787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070936454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022468003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10477373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015939123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017582004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98879844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361293626","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.03.048","title":"On performance and anti-fouling properties of double-skinned thin film nanocomposite hollow fiber membranes in forward osmosis system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Persian Gulf University; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Membrane; Concentration polarization; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Polyamide; Substrate (aquarium); Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Polymer; Monomer","score_opus":0.014155927981968372,"score_gpt":0.20079908789187448,"score_spread":0.1866431599099061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361293626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980122,0.0000704196,0.00009507652,0.00013479544,0.000032308817,0.0008322602,0.0000058583087,0.00014588636,0.00067121093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990915,0.0004414558,0.00003557202,0.000011932308,0.0000061692313,0.00016038016,0.000008314746,0.000015786916,0.00022887353],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880254,0.000032831602,0.00030652815,0.00037576465,0.00027174904,0.00021060325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968,0.000013932313,0.00012864072,0.00014043669,0.0000018717923,0.000035133697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002821467,0.00017846667,0.0002152946,0.00010736157,0.0002446143,0.000021354013,0.00010529049,0.00011986966,0.00005260153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009321363,0.00015169453,0.000024960244,0.00028887275,0.00022886886,0.00043105276,0.00013228667,0.0001614969,0.00007345051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002071598,0.0001595915,0.019257603,0.0027785278,0.000032608925,0.0000052423597,0.0025918426,0.67840064,0.27940384,0.00003408195,0.0000066458115,0.015257798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021712822,0.0003492807,0.042462755,0.0005734635,0.00002307218,0.00003529904,0.002168786,0.30922812,0.64224476,0.00007941708,0.00021179256,0.00045201002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000096625525,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012874275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3691725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102941995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029687594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6185923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362553668","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138593","title":"UV-LED silicon carbide composite photocatalytic membrane reactor for the degradation of organic contaminants","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Photocatalysis; Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Silicon carbide; Humic acid; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Catalysis; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017759933709130548,"score_gpt":0.24840560295999436,"score_spread":0.23064566925086383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362553668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967757,0.00003902276,0.00014570674,0.00037776513,0.00009519077,0.00077045447,0.000010901156,0.00018533766,0.0015999434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938029,0.000047528323,0.00021576334,0.000060394996,0.000011163705,0.00008685565,0.000044436736,0.000019503936,0.0057114265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991092,0.000013848265,0.0002364791,0.00024025548,0.00019976315,0.00020044933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991005,0.00027234445,0.00013999616,0.0004412726,0.00001614092,0.000029736913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020204914,0.00012354742,0.00017725462,0.000009209254,0.00008922951,0.000015967496,0.00037012072,0.000085470245,0.00086602644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017957296,0.00009081095,0.00005814424,0.00043972125,0.00017757676,0.00011233694,0.000118906755,0.000077300065,0.00039236745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028129565,0.000020715108,0.0046891775,0.000037530244,0.000016229244,8.5859546e-7,0.00013065015,0.000112612826,0.9885993,0.000022237105,0.003023712,0.0033188688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004352639,0.000037284022,0.013373464,0.0000131045745,0.000028585473,0.000002205294,0.0004325372,0.0043605054,0.97933364,0.00007366223,0.0018029272,0.000106810476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014217757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028672686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009265629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078876146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013999795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94823825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362580627","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00289-5","title":"Treatment of laundry wastewater using extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Espace pour la vie; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Alum; Flocculation; Laundry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Pulp and paper industry; Wastewater; Turbidity; Chemical oxygen demand; Chemistry; Total suspended solids; Sewage treatment; Food science; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Bacteria; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09352629172353254,"score_gpt":0.33509303869749135,"score_spread":0.2415667469739588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362580627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99546856,0.0018234702,0.000026837606,0.000055853914,0.00014179783,0.0006687832,0.000025688756,0.00011089236,0.0016781113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9883157,0.0005603994,0.00010754247,9.717147e-7,0.000038966344,0.00009884926,0.000023479643,0.000030938638,0.010823169],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970594,0.00029415966,0.0003974532,0.00047683247,0.0011397551,0.0006323968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990968,0.00011924198,0.00009938368,0.00057545747,0.0000024759022,0.00010664784],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054027943,0.00018799327,0.00027020212,0.00021063501,0.00025187276,0.000038535898,0.00036282997,0.000119868135,0.0016134641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001423961,0.00015538857,0.000076696815,0.00070131954,0.0007633672,0.00020571612,0.00026152655,0.00011884671,0.0033045567],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023998475,0.0001566937,0.044893283,0.000023356333,0.000023359695,0.00005835547,0.0006232939,0.003996801,0.947128,0.00004474201,0.00027136147,0.0027567856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010964198,0.0009316479,0.022750126,0.00004960364,0.00001930293,0.00006523997,0.01206875,0.020627717,0.9032408,0.00013238547,0.03847826,0.0005397254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010460534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001232217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043887142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069128774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001025672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362665745","doi":"10.3390/en16073292","title":"Financial, Economic, and Environmental Analyses of Upgrading Reverse Osmosis Plant Fed with Treated Wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Reuse; Electricity; Environmental science; Pollution; Water scarcity; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Business; Waste management; Water resources; Engineering","score_opus":0.020226693539212217,"score_gpt":0.23204118599893295,"score_spread":0.21181449245972073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362665745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99918693,0.000026490827,0.0000016203228,0.00008139548,0.000019525009,0.00006304021,0.000039778613,0.0001058742,0.0004753309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982874,0.00026508927,0.0003579372,0.0000149886055,0.000005934219,0.000013544427,0.000041708972,0.000008853119,0.001004558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938184,0.000017964954,0.00014468965,0.0002113995,0.00009561672,0.00014846926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997025,0.000033915258,0.00006943909,0.00017179032,5.2759094e-7,0.00002183074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006235253,0.00010923697,0.00015563026,0.000077723846,0.00007575258,0.000014384106,0.000102360995,0.000045938654,0.00038435636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009229699,0.00008295069,0.000023928176,0.00011244918,0.0002544451,0.00015313861,0.000121221674,0.000036248985,0.00010263824],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010697655,0.00003051793,0.101685494,0.000016546686,0.00005346529,0.000027045999,0.0006213897,0.052768543,0.8320665,0.00017916324,0.011068034,0.0013763354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026198177,0.00011152094,0.027145077,0.000011141101,0.000024038989,0.000006000372,0.00073993014,0.0013200613,0.96816677,0.00011650151,0.0019433968,0.00015356635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042684688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000113304275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13610029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052284133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039521583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42084327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362667790","doi":"10.3390/membranes13040413","title":"Evaluation of Surface Properties and Separation Performance of NF and RO Membranes for Phthalates Removal","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Chemistry; Plasticizer; Phthalate; Dibutyl phthalate; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Contact angle; Filtration (mathematics); Solubility; Polyamide; Diethyl phthalate; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.06785002429845888,"score_gpt":0.29402797952001014,"score_spread":0.22617795522155126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362667790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974602,0.00082989957,0.0000067126857,0.00018808863,0.00004986618,0.00062700314,0.0000073320384,0.00008447908,0.0007464084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983182,0.0007241494,0.00043453445,0.0000060036173,0.0000081914295,0.000038854505,0.000009748902,0.000011104902,0.00044921358],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987953,0.00006639479,0.0002804018,0.00024139791,0.0004691488,0.00014738119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994882,0.00009193517,0.00014569223,0.00018004833,0.00007100618,0.000023137043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013490678,0.00011981689,0.00020615474,0.000064779284,0.00009523342,0.000014931393,0.00010591895,0.00007814611,0.00007668723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023912248,0.00009879763,0.000025081441,0.00026975205,0.00030904307,0.0003363288,0.00008216262,0.00003744916,0.000011626745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103580365,0.000027915154,0.008866082,0.0009690776,0.000025349067,3.4391945e-7,0.0012687343,0.037726056,0.9329067,0.00003365182,0.00011021394,0.01796233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004735174,0.00012779058,0.012715109,0.000037825957,0.000055470566,0.0000103788525,0.00033312995,0.18357958,0.8019067,0.0003234825,0.0003241357,0.0001128777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005297985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003044613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14585352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020159423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016895183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40288505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362686236","doi":"10.3808/jeil.202300101","title":"Review on MBR Technologies for Emerging Pollutant Removal from Wastewater and Their Associated Antifouling Strategies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Greywater; Biofouling; Wastewater; Reuse; Blackwater; Wastewater reuse; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Membrane bioreactor; Extracellular polymeric substance; Activated sludge; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.01601277152848121,"score_gpt":0.2407204837967399,"score_spread":0.2247077122682587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362686236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939449,0.000595357,0.0003781599,0.0043444405,0.00012465812,0.00028410248,0.00008249625,0.000120526696,0.0001253516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855947,0.008577397,0.0036894276,0.0020262285,0.000021941822,0.000009711446,0.000029678116,0.000022347895,0.000028596793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998545,0.000026089123,0.00074603455,0.00011087096,0.0002922825,0.00027971985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989753,0.00014282831,0.00063595176,0.00020410107,0.000002675767,0.000039193168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052160444,0.00020730203,0.00033138652,0.00013840922,0.0001412796,0.00006734345,0.0003224081,0.000091184564,0.00009000471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011923957,0.00014763504,0.00011105963,0.00017605914,0.00023993308,0.0007087281,0.00020756066,0.0002501062,0.00006862154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009087136,0.00010861292,0.0014772393,0.000321492,0.00027294824,0.00005108467,0.0035822352,0.010854498,0.8884852,0.00004030589,0.029313464,0.06540208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007909721,0.0027782859,0.032689624,0.009146191,0.0005920919,0.0006805862,0.1364164,0.046580333,0.58204377,0.009400851,0.16798227,0.0037798942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031340533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013181955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30644143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016021592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049394134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6020382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362704469","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117825","title":"A comprehensive review of coconut-based porous materials for wastewater treatment and CO2 capture","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Adsorption; Environmental science; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Pyrolysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.04250422693622291,"score_gpt":0.30024242146428415,"score_spread":0.25773819452806124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362704469","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010003435,0.99510944,0.000016470418,0.000121912155,0.00019254396,0.0031039002,0.00030038832,0.000020306114,0.00013470952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00011772093,0.99727184,0.0013481316,0.00012486549,0.00002745017,0.00020596363,0.000075282085,0.00005519526,0.0007735474],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99739677,0.0001295208,0.0013789654,0.00035073247,0.0004884226,0.00025558463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977427,0.00012463481,0.0016408693,0.000403719,0.000006505736,0.00008153444],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004203729,0.00046279034,0.0018222881,0.00016729353,0.000055551278,0.000022231497,0.00037755593,0.00015276855,0.0008624076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015938942,0.00031943212,0.00039105586,0.00012076585,0.0002446887,0.00009485548,0.0002923882,0.000110246976,0.00010123755],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012700875,0.00080895453,0.000012426434,0.31799695,0.0020387731,0.00030028698,0.000095266245,0.000121418154,0.0017004488,0.000060317387,0.016845629,0.65989256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007386678,0.00057593506,0.000025507987,0.022082552,0.0016818545,0.00006594169,0.000108031854,0.0000016567897,0.0006790345,0.00004281756,0.9737063,0.00029170167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008659536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010682825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95686066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074621156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001628974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362736768","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123845","title":"Heterogeneous electro-Fenton catalytic FeOCl@NCNT/ceramic membrane filtration for in-situ membrane fouling control: Performance and mechanism","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic membrane; Humic acid; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013247709993265069,"score_gpt":0.25493474210523565,"score_spread":0.24168703211197057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362736768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882413,0.00010669602,0.005894142,0.003122518,0.00009338617,0.0012495278,0.000009728923,0.00070105214,0.0005816168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997126,0.00092448934,0.00065686106,0.00014176636,0.000017566605,0.0004737014,0.0001401327,0.000023443516,0.0004960376],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998308,0.00004395985,0.0004588706,0.0006089087,0.00019280644,0.00038746707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927044,0.00009221023,0.00019775525,0.00035654134,0.000030904026,0.000052150637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047380413,0.00022493496,0.00027003756,0.00049676275,0.0002672147,0.00006283103,0.00020847586,0.00034559116,0.00004052233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012459644,0.00023734808,0.000031926178,0.00090841873,0.00021737332,0.00036602598,0.00005785945,0.00019412956,0.00013057033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008974198,0.00004057577,0.0010880269,0.000067279776,0.000016121554,0.0000020918148,0.00024122094,0.0021526008,0.95924485,0.010767969,0.00012830176,0.026161203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012318678,0.00027270513,0.0034558575,0.000014439135,0.00002437505,0.000048441296,0.00014789711,0.09220198,0.89279103,0.0073849987,0.0021168625,0.00030951464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019901448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021454236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09004938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010221679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020402673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9678774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362736950","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.109888","title":"Fabrication and characterization of poly (vinylidene fluoride) hybrid ultrafiltration membranes with silver loaded MOF-5 for enhanced permeation, antifouling and antibiofouling performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Contact angle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Permeation; Biofouling; Crystallinity; Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.005720613797186818,"score_gpt":0.18842015322791655,"score_spread":0.18269953943072972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362736950","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98622257,0.00005001205,0.013430141,0.000051502786,0.00003768241,0.00016065892,0.000008631429,0.000031717595,0.0000070854776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996599,0.00035543568,0.0029320912,0.000008713729,0.000039210325,0.0000052195537,0.000028804056,0.000016543663,0.000014957396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991058,0.000006007939,0.00035891816,0.00016391065,0.00022550575,0.00013982947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954844,0.00005974027,0.00024895265,0.00008280127,0.00000988297,0.000050197963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016551642,0.00012666867,0.00018586032,0.000087505745,0.000048040143,0.000018069837,0.00008260679,0.00005335939,0.000025994168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006218922,0.00011459749,0.000028216085,0.00013625747,0.00008949319,0.0005230639,0.00003605014,0.00009566488,0.0000021021779],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047176196,0.000016532535,0.0028972724,0.000075817145,0.00001236238,6.531974e-7,0.00013285459,0.005417432,0.98707587,0.0000020218886,0.000001558151,0.0043204725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039548657,0.000095722084,0.047610454,0.000054354376,0.000018639626,0.000031824326,0.000048843413,0.036166932,0.91542745,0.0000055060773,0.000030124364,0.0001146648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.697103e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.0074824e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071648404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060442762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039896586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46731502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365509633","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202213326","title":"Aquaporin‐Based Biomimetic Membranes for Low Energy Water Desalination and Separation Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Materials science; Reverse osmosis; Nanotechnology; Portable water purification; Water treatment; Process engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Aquaporin; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015499407406848914,"score_gpt":0.26228945529114267,"score_spread":0.24679004788429376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365509633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8639109,0.000029713223,0.13217984,0.0011915416,0.00049831666,0.0009776759,0.00008986627,0.0007214492,0.00040070666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99327546,0.000042169235,0.002722991,0.00016945091,0.00006404304,0.001663997,0.0008880123,0.000019654291,0.0011541917],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901956,0.00002837605,0.0002481779,0.00033043986,0.00017367168,0.00019976663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958086,0.000107593456,0.000075314914,0.00017590079,0.0000250249,0.000035295143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021598382,0.00012804619,0.00013092616,0.00010120842,0.00021064478,0.000045083027,0.000080326674,0.00008151635,0.0007538938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004162577,0.00010613595,0.00002603403,0.00021247867,0.00010365145,0.00028957563,0.00005067925,0.000019414283,0.0004372131],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000694107,0.000020078976,0.000035455454,0.000041956395,0.0000057568745,2.2284027e-7,0.000012508264,0.011842644,0.98118246,0.0027919724,0.00038917895,0.0036083497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043928987,0.000050013594,0.0009967074,0.000004417067,0.000010566621,0.0000016646646,0.000018502578,0.0017589779,0.9592192,0.013421638,0.02393536,0.00014362391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013633184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000991152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12945685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052430583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067249575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82546085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365814793","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138706","title":"Robust self-cleaning membrane with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity for oil-in-water separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National University's Basic Research Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Superhydrophilicity; Fouling; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Composite number; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Permeation; Composite material; Chemistry; Contact angle; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018436060319334382,"score_gpt":0.22832406167958746,"score_spread":0.2098880013602531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365814793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950226,0.0000063657603,0.00018466536,0.0009772474,0.00002770935,0.00024935944,0.0000026015716,0.0004329869,0.0030964713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99476445,0.00003504956,0.003311637,0.00012602909,0.000016924174,0.00008313025,0.000031435604,0.000024906434,0.0016064157],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987812,0.000019545632,0.00019100387,0.0004462624,0.00018391575,0.00037806347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962544,0.000041201693,0.000026885129,0.00024411731,0.000009605904,0.00005275911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023394398,0.00017857287,0.00018874087,0.00002035823,0.00014447708,0.000050199673,0.00015203479,0.00012705513,0.00061334274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015948668,0.00012874442,0.000027241367,0.00027410142,0.00013064063,0.0003166541,0.00013505325,0.00011623947,0.00026617586],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003187561,0.00021185269,0.08720555,0.00040343485,0.000056768808,0.00004416429,0.005722723,0.09060079,0.80488676,0.00010686476,0.0038559302,0.0065864255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013244158,0.00013393238,0.009036075,0.000023782359,0.000018691748,0.000015851005,0.00063951645,0.03538258,0.9495643,0.00053622987,0.0029269883,0.00039763583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013359955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062522205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14467756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101596015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065793806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67156726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366089507","doi":"10.1142/s0218625x23500439","title":"GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC MEMBRANE MODIFIED BY MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface Review and Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Crystallinity; Magnetic nanoparticles; Nanoparticle; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.00949231080766868,"score_gpt":0.21592930649423203,"score_spread":0.20643699568656335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366089507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877699,0.004931736,0.000013977635,0.006891996,0.000013893682,0.00020197747,0.000008055038,0.000066920504,0.00010153157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9360979,0.062449127,0.00006116884,0.0012684586,0.0000015875883,0.0000076616025,0.000014013423,0.000006610835,0.00009342241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994124,0.00004209488,0.00016018005,0.00016306652,0.000100906356,0.000121311255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997728,0.000022621774,0.00006360494,0.000108138636,0.0000018562523,0.0000309842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012070614,0.00007958841,0.0001674516,0.000017273589,0.000037189126,0.000009095902,0.00006688764,0.000021632988,0.00012493457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002022982,0.00006771483,0.000014034532,0.00033194435,0.0001582575,0.000108825785,0.000060936603,0.000033713524,0.000039375485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001192585,0.0000042618485,0.001473809,0.00030946897,0.000002167131,4.949594e-7,0.000031980602,0.000004759951,0.99399406,0.000014466412,0.00059100054,0.0035723222],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029227356,0.00007688455,0.035608556,0.00019599087,0.00007769107,0.000006767836,0.0000258254,0.00038090616,0.9589404,0.000024663985,0.0040820856,0.00028796887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003841287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.071478e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05751739,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000046049313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000012282522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27613306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366528586","doi":"10.1002/cben.202200012","title":"Overview of Fouling – An Industrial Jeopardy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemBioEng Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Biochemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Process engineering; Forensic engineering; Computer science; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.25945627195007515,"score_gpt":0.3675972975796725,"score_spread":0.10814102562959738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366528586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98591214,0.0032468315,0.000026353116,0.00036644613,0.0002313984,0.00070040737,0.0000045891616,0.0003707365,0.009141066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9657113,0.027764166,0.0030161827,0.00037656855,0.00020653638,0.0001871811,0.000076756645,0.000050229813,0.0026110949],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893886,0.000065576816,0.00039354706,0.00024309293,0.00017741589,0.00018152499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999268,0.000028418657,0.00017377367,0.00047593456,0.000004138335,0.00004971607],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080990087,0.00011134953,0.00030483655,0.00003772594,0.000044754346,0.000010903832,0.00034311428,0.00009376116,0.0014626365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003998122,0.00009243164,0.00008127134,0.0007000234,0.000107171276,0.00016925015,0.00018341641,0.000119892284,0.0024077327],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011292693,0.000100895886,0.012154079,0.00031982307,0.000013102187,0.00000626325,0.00054858037,0.00016375163,0.21111652,0.0006169242,0.08054754,0.6944012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035798605,0.00008993377,0.0021557675,0.00017068388,0.000023394039,0.0000031612203,0.00012766811,0.00045521633,0.22614147,0.0008438879,0.7693609,0.0002699003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020682937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011813775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6941313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036810692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006522827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366748061","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123831","title":"Controllable construction of ultrathin graphene quantum dots/polyamide nanofilms via electrospray interfacial polymerization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Electrospray; Polyamide; Polymerization; Zeta potential; Quantum dot; Graphene; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Ion","score_opus":0.0077179149168492105,"score_gpt":0.24656095278155554,"score_spread":0.23884303786470634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366748061","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686777,0.00015402902,0.02506525,0.00281095,0.00022749967,0.0005436676,0.000014784569,0.0010301853,0.0014759416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976296,0.0003552008,0.0013609303,0.000048584985,0.000014179131,0.00009628281,0.000101330625,0.000014740575,0.00037918196],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985112,0.00006456248,0.0005185814,0.00041617182,0.00022824679,0.00026125825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915314,0.000037809892,0.00036144303,0.00036069666,0.00004607871,0.00004086104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028315574,0.000174062,0.00024422206,0.0004833081,0.00020302196,0.000029116258,0.00021280983,0.00032317266,0.0003084918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013081652,0.0001769907,0.000038896644,0.001966244,0.00065861846,0.00031193657,0.00005654788,0.00015111767,0.00027609334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000437408,0.000028128887,0.0045910175,0.000008429622,0.000012726773,4.209163e-7,0.00014775505,0.00020640958,0.93867636,0.04074055,0.0004416699,0.015102776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004911701,0.00019550114,0.0035450533,0.000006348236,0.00001651245,0.000019820636,0.00042673573,0.011577178,0.95959973,0.020716978,0.0032058803,0.00019908123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005289932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031730055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028951876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004490432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002152828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7217471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366815507","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.3c00107","title":"Response Surface Methodology Modeling Correlation of Polymer Composite Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan Nanofiltration Membranes for Water Desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan; National University of Sciences and Technology","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Chitosan; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Carbon nanotube; Phase inversion; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Response surface methodology; Composite number; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.048213137856221486,"score_gpt":0.2900124673579266,"score_spread":0.24179932950170507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366815507","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99097437,0.000021812335,0.0063840803,0.0014210084,0.00028521995,0.00047331114,0.0000067624883,0.00025614744,0.00017728005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957941,0.000015676449,0.0031024667,0.00006384705,0.000018267276,0.000047003392,0.00020210475,0.000030108762,0.0007264187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99814487,0.0003870518,0.00044768883,0.00037058268,0.00028467202,0.00036515866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928135,0.00028119076,0.00007968032,0.000297238,0.00002712546,0.00003339994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013224575,0.00017956084,0.0002448445,0.00014239392,0.00015245372,0.000023537503,0.00021583652,0.0002221416,0.000071966206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103188235,0.00012624817,0.00006712037,0.00020173725,0.000120610464,0.00028705853,0.00013389837,0.000086232285,0.000117575626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003827266,0.000015445583,0.00064853544,0.00002217588,0.000011708758,8.020898e-7,0.0014243615,0.18931365,0.807884,0.00010233315,0.000017513079,0.00017679439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036846736,0.00009190709,0.00020692173,0.000007872373,0.000023793367,0.000003586685,0.0001282915,0.13440925,0.86349595,0.0010238233,0.00008150285,0.00015863181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020290169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028956209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004715429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073392744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5148251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366833987","doi":"10.1002/pat.6068","title":"Development of highly permeable and antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) hybrid membranes tailored with <scp>ZIF</scp>‐8 metal–organic frameworks for water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Nanocomposite; Contact angle; Humic acid; Surface roughness; Porosity; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013612230230171206,"score_gpt":0.23960037947831123,"score_spread":0.22598814924814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366833987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98355246,0.0011436702,0.010696473,0.0007588887,0.00011026806,0.0014407565,0.000041885178,0.0021536788,0.000101908496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9136978,0.00059568556,0.083346784,0.000023760122,0.000008342123,0.000994136,0.00008274119,0.00006746814,0.001183277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99761015,0.00001113763,0.0005032372,0.000756276,0.00029241334,0.0008267619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987953,0.0003270719,0.00022232739,0.000568557,0.00003214507,0.00005460578],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020019554,0.00044845318,0.00058661896,0.00032244812,0.00041519233,0.00004098008,0.00048206144,0.00030170594,0.00003106436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034435667,0.00030443125,0.00010340846,0.00054144784,0.0006289817,0.00048334594,0.00034319685,0.00017235748,0.00002959],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072708004,0.00005590897,0.00029061455,0.000111595036,0.00013213258,0.0000044488033,0.0005224091,0.00084453373,0.91617465,0.00021551762,0.000056428387,0.08151907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011032278,0.00046330693,0.00008448899,0.00004177044,0.00006889379,0.000010234811,0.005011879,0.00076862867,0.97958213,0.0025808844,0.010058643,0.00022588542],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016442887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045910758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08129318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018660606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000313169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367184031","doi":"10.1002/ghg.2217","title":"Optimum chain desalination process design for treatment of high TDS brine: A case assessment for future treatment of extracted brine from Shenhua CO<sub>2</sub> storage site","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greenhouse Gases Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Brine; Desalination; Total dissolved solids; Membrane distillation; Water treatment; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Engineering","score_opus":0.023917811543625003,"score_gpt":0.2937931542290204,"score_spread":0.2698753426853954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367184031","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98387384,0.000083819876,0.012478647,0.000699628,0.000075356336,0.0020140507,0.00033579208,0.00043274873,0.0000061237165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843318,0.00038847592,0.014293829,0.000009746573,0.000026494756,0.0008268418,0.000073843454,0.000023146647,0.000025847115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998045,0.000027943519,0.00041829064,0.00070994406,0.0003519592,0.0004468236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987343,0.00022157587,0.00033559048,0.0004991581,0.00013448262,0.00007491193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003497818,0.00026991637,0.00045104764,0.000563666,0.00030444402,0.00002702964,0.00028940054,0.00021205339,0.000014291556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013634854,0.00022424702,0.000060928676,0.0017095652,0.0011043628,0.00029633657,0.00008042633,0.000041129235,0.000005799174],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017588816,0.0007414163,0.0072944784,0.00005059331,0.00004720421,0.00013031607,0.00060916576,0.002538446,0.7800981,0.00046445706,0.00009627473,0.20775369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020860906,0.004357582,0.005219775,0.000015013374,0.00007498307,0.00010158882,0.0008632481,0.02394924,0.96108454,0.0018428146,0.00017615405,0.0002289748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003102119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006025225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20752472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037968834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012749193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9144528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367310608","doi":"10.3390/membranes13050477","title":"Thin-Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Membranes for Water Treatment Applications: Characterization and Performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Characterization (materials science); Nanocomposite; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Water treatment; Thermal stability; Chemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.038998221207364105,"score_gpt":0.2889652763815676,"score_spread":0.2499670551742035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367310608","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0037868684,0.9831586,0.00043484685,0.0002621116,0.00032781315,0.009819171,0.0002731228,0.0013463794,0.000591083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00006265997,0.98102605,0.00026358914,0.000042950836,0.00011557182,0.0062675066,0.0015608104,0.00010364655,0.010557222],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977193,0.00007000595,0.000672167,0.0008329744,0.00025309916,0.00045249402],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988406,0.00015603511,0.0002737046,0.00063255854,0.000015751511,0.00008135111],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025605777,0.0005914131,0.0010992636,0.00018853557,0.00039941166,0.00012481581,0.00045124092,0.0003720583,0.00025974747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001415625,0.00038696476,0.00022799369,0.00033819114,0.00020968019,0.0004468044,0.00021638579,0.00012885145,0.0017232688],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019192941,0.00007726342,0.000015468051,0.02706982,0.00012023366,0.0000023792618,0.00022126244,0.00010231452,0.0023245732,0.000051670686,0.000060773375,0.96993506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023679121,0.00012224526,0.00001099255,0.0006347053,0.000311221,0.000028906075,0.000012546046,0.0005421207,0.008523429,0.0000354567,0.9890687,0.00047292624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022861948,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012343944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9890079,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017876402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023101153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367396338","doi":"10.1016/j.fbp.2023.04.007","title":"The influence of multiple fouling and cleaning cycles upon the performance of polyethersulphone membrane filters during coffee extract decaffeination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food and Bioproducts Processing","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography; Cleaning agent; Permeation; Membrane fouling; Microfiltration; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.012869678955138377,"score_gpt":0.22945304383481158,"score_spread":0.2165833648796732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367396338","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99877006,0.00044096587,0.000003952855,0.00049965206,0.000023132021,0.00016015457,0.0000015858271,0.00006450513,0.000036021647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992522,0.00042720232,0.00024561625,0.0000074199043,0.000013668028,0.00000637274,0.0000010730421,0.000008193624,0.00003826319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991678,0.000020969312,0.00021354797,0.00022015175,0.0002078301,0.00016970129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999502,0.00009540601,0.00019884463,0.00016594636,0.000020276757,0.000017530725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046641423,0.00009563661,0.00010171681,0.00004466826,0.00046842714,0.000042182015,0.00017109471,0.000039290364,0.0000024665437],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023788594,0.000058078185,0.000011968845,0.00044481145,0.0003850984,0.00033878436,0.00014984031,0.00009057833,0.0000018970062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036821864,0.00000700824,0.010037104,0.00016215238,0.0000056064287,2.2773092e-7,0.0012455486,0.0040336982,0.9372696,0.00000686609,0.0000021574053,0.047193184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015206345,0.00007239693,0.18374501,0.00009031319,0.0000065607837,0.0000057927678,0.0010248323,0.00798583,0.8067757,0.000042503987,0.00002653623,0.00007243777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021948441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027237094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17370792,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012132212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075885714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36028102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367725029","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4435494","title":"Hydrogel-Coated Structured Packing for Water Separation from Oily Liquid Streams","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"STREAMS; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.017524497298669433,"score_gpt":0.2733640649920582,"score_spread":0.2558395676933887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367725029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9833772,0.00023792394,0.013221977,0.000977068,0.0007420049,0.00075147604,0.000070906615,0.00044196646,0.00017943534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99556726,0.0009909035,0.0005207855,0.000058105543,0.00032555626,0.00011197565,0.00061942503,0.00008914384,0.0017168563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956327,0.00008656013,0.00065311795,0.0007401426,0.00054685754,0.0023406139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881434,0.00007061242,0.0004243516,0.00056507066,0.000037024387,0.00008857483],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011598045,0.000445557,0.0004324154,0.00014779379,0.00036055373,0.00018129144,0.00089891267,0.0005979706,0.00045480585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001125611,0.00035022778,0.00025931915,0.00014510013,0.00012008411,0.00025223807,0.00065880537,0.0029056645,0.0004417062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015125158,0.00019391201,0.0027273402,0.00009191815,0.0018055807,0.00003270567,0.0028621943,0.1405941,0.8017208,0.0062989895,0.004637382,0.03752258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081392337,0.00045500603,0.00017058343,0.000052808024,0.00013229962,0.000043525673,0.0006236277,0.005384849,0.3424356,0.64767784,0.0015558625,0.0006540783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061972224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051105595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6413788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021557228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040648307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375930393","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4442286","title":"Iron-Oxide Doped Ceramic Membranes for Combined Organic - Inorganic Colloidal Fouling Mitigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Ceramic; Membrane; Iron oxide; Fouling; Doping; Colloid; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01355368863998638,"score_gpt":0.2492009079537764,"score_spread":0.23564721931379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375930393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98015475,0.0006647657,0.013470978,0.0024491257,0.0009081859,0.001454427,0.000024667988,0.0006767053,0.00019641056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9874302,0.004987929,0.0007966644,0.000108715154,0.00022313235,0.00013559335,0.00013513971,0.00015912246,0.00602346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947286,0.00014804545,0.00090711226,0.0008514553,0.00069542055,0.002669342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981483,0.0002118873,0.00080346916,0.0006439441,0.00006288457,0.0001295005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021720838,0.0005567389,0.00059771223,0.00025515468,0.0005855891,0.00024671233,0.00136776,0.0006431266,0.00038866806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005291592,0.00056064554,0.00030814402,0.0005021269,0.00021077551,0.00030731404,0.0008655915,0.003753841,0.00060696685],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00073651166,0.00047994812,0.010455306,0.0009323671,0.0012338584,0.000030778912,0.0013232679,0.059081823,0.8955135,0.015112906,0.0045021386,0.0105976155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038525595,0.00089675176,0.002789492,0.00019153475,0.00042449363,0.00034620584,0.0029517796,0.0073903073,0.09994033,0.8779954,0.0013177816,0.0019033973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020690176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00339802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86288244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0041856356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014127473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375946090","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124041","title":"Impact of extended versus typical rapid mixing HRTs on continuous-flow coagulation-ultrafiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Coagulation; Fouling; Particle (ecology); Particle size; Chemistry; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Membrane","score_opus":0.025285797795111583,"score_gpt":0.31540724744600457,"score_spread":0.290121449650893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375946090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99190134,0.000034432753,0.0021054104,0.0012898975,0.00014743836,0.00047178354,0.00001534534,0.00076255645,0.003271796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99811304,0.00012458612,0.0011826515,0.00002120914,0.000018207762,0.0000740056,0.00014784596,0.000013448083,0.00030499548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865127,0.00006303,0.00040877712,0.0004047865,0.0002476013,0.0002245583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991058,0.00013032679,0.00024415465,0.000427687,0.000044093566,0.000047919744],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026489835,0.00016973025,0.00021436978,0.00039365893,0.00016506537,0.000027871503,0.00018663946,0.00030524738,0.00065275724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032312697,0.00015859652,0.00006148051,0.0011884617,0.00034478173,0.00022472102,0.00004619896,0.00016348553,0.0005583746],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013060637,0.0003949669,0.03172697,0.000029017285,0.00011634042,0.000004071918,0.00086962694,0.018893545,0.58945054,0.05114801,0.014493634,0.2915672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033683062,0.0027271998,0.64182335,0.00003242728,0.000055503067,0.000019950474,0.00078092923,0.0841737,0.24594282,0.013165626,0.0071484847,0.00076172594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014273067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016092483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61009634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091589514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023035333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71769625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376121502","doi":"10.1002/bit.28420","title":"Fouling of virus filtration membranes by monoclonal antibody feeds with low aggregate content","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Monoclonal antibody; Chromatography; Adsorption; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemical engineering; Antibody; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.013127800336382296,"score_gpt":0.2211270193123636,"score_spread":0.20799921897598128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376121502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939243,0.00025083855,0.0041089696,0.0008793039,0.000044871627,0.00013574722,0.000012316184,0.0005972617,0.000046395922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976917,0.0007906262,0.0013550578,0.000014675933,0.000005605896,0.000011467543,0.000022709117,0.00001050184,0.00009765183],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928457,0.0000064180217,0.00016629019,0.00022723783,0.00011249422,0.00020300152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997092,0.00002527105,0.00006824823,0.00016686023,0.0000053993454,0.000025018224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001033971,0.00012848807,0.00015236967,0.00012827238,0.000064766835,0.000010179144,0.00014643357,0.00022667096,0.00003680462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025540785,0.000105457126,0.000018731636,0.00048460875,0.00030036067,0.00011190243,0.00009815119,0.000131236,0.000028831637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011924423,0.000011413376,0.0017768511,0.000033680404,0.000017837583,0.0000054020707,0.000025968522,0.0017519355,0.9930304,0.00022364414,0.00005555772,0.0030553385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020822103,0.000118916774,0.002666046,0.000030674342,0.000008699077,0.000016625643,0.00010454106,0.011084956,0.98489386,0.000035824974,0.00069703447,0.00013458636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058111444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019575948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009333021,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017002163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003313003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43004167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376630246","doi":"10.3390/ma16093526","title":"An Overview of Photocatalytic Membrane Degradation Development","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Photocatalysis; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Wastewater; Environmental science; Waste management; Water pollution; Environmental engineering; Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane; Membrane technology; Pollutant; Biofouling; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.17487844767294275,"score_gpt":0.37823527545063773,"score_spread":0.20335682777769498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376630246","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0029067795,0.99352324,0.000016928796,0.0000058551204,0.00044567336,0.0020320504,0.000113028924,0.00046146233,0.00049496064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00004624484,0.99762,0.00081559,0.0000073383817,0.000018078515,0.00026825364,0.0005119993,0.00004730062,0.00066521554],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998069,0.0001324734,0.00090216444,0.0003874469,0.00030999706,0.00019890687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987642,0.00004944633,0.00054122123,0.00059862755,0.000005956094,0.000040531522],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060746295,0.00028036835,0.0010963422,0.00010903305,0.000047997368,0.000042278192,0.0005827856,0.00022499572,0.004547435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060625433,0.00022430287,0.0000741949,0.00037747467,0.000088324996,0.00014561522,0.00023306005,0.00005637899,0.004626686],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000528239,0.00009098555,0.0000021649198,0.037796684,0.00008923827,0.000008439121,0.00010903312,0.000011613043,0.014876087,0.00023279397,0.00053480227,0.94624287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059082435,0.000028397915,0.000016836791,0.0030148402,0.00011964534,0.0000061641626,0.0000098308965,0.000001238625,0.1384105,0.00006812506,0.85794383,0.00032147675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081599836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003448372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9459214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012967158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053751504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99636257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377027637","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24951","title":"Influence of polyethyleneimine layer and zinc nitrate on morphology and structure of PES‐based membranes with highly selective properties","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Contact angle; Nanofiltration; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Scanning electron microscope; Porosity; Membrane structure; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.00834598967484946,"score_gpt":0.18220365558578683,"score_spread":0.17385766591093738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377027637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993682,0.00006728035,0.0000040707027,0.00047146963,0.000007802991,0.0000510756,0.000005294488,0.0000084276,0.000016404749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997601,0.000004167055,0.00018462459,0.000032200493,0.0000059876024,7.636665e-7,3.1706253e-7,0.000006925844,0.0000049177834],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995438,0.000009506147,0.00014350482,0.000068468355,0.00011057936,0.00012412551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968624,0.00005572635,0.00008290464,0.00007564264,0.000020496467,0.000078973164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007931945,0.00007748004,0.00014251127,0.000086024105,0.000023785085,0.0000063619013,0.00012605774,0.000050910377,0.000010344186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011212981,0.00004793789,0.000011476516,0.00020734902,0.000280074,0.000053242286,0.000014421277,0.00016299696,3.9616486e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022434866,0.0000010699414,0.0009514421,0.00002429798,0.000009845877,0.0000058199385,0.00015732789,0.20653889,0.79220736,0.000031570242,0.000008381022,0.000041587773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017111345,0.00009396789,0.0068081915,0.000048372087,0.0000108396125,0.000049431255,0.000019503967,0.0023334452,0.9903394,0.000059155835,0.000011714466,0.000054876953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077418966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003088125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20420544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003603109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048737857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19548506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378347880","doi":"10.3390/membranes13050501","title":"Forward Osmosis for Metal Processing Effluents under Similar Osmotic Pressure Gradients","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Osmosis; Concentration polarization; Osmotic power; Factorial experiment; Effluent; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Reverse osmosis; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Membrane technology; Environmental engineering; Chromatography; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.026154754968925185,"score_gpt":0.2719062320422967,"score_spread":0.2457514770733715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378347880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930746,0.00021551338,0.001064747,0.0013887011,0.00031617715,0.0010105838,0.000032078235,0.0011077846,0.0017898374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99343723,0.000039539864,0.0009532487,0.00023735076,0.000031951156,0.00021388444,0.000037886846,0.00004082165,0.00500808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99827063,0.000036477646,0.0002710596,0.000499083,0.00043100357,0.0004917286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999356,0.00009307483,0.00010591202,0.00034939227,0.000016726777,0.000078936486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031255616,0.00022448608,0.00025091553,0.000109808105,0.00030998772,0.00006908237,0.00045678674,0.00013257303,0.00044887303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017000728,0.00019554909,0.00011567797,0.0006534275,0.00018158172,0.00039608678,0.00020226461,0.00009971317,0.0007643738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004358406,0.0009446356,0.07020754,0.0042988276,0.0007948347,0.000053656007,0.0046499814,0.31066588,0.43492097,0.0014807227,0.0720799,0.09946723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004205627,0.00048619747,0.10078684,0.00018250753,0.0007525809,0.000030149882,0.001697885,0.10664408,0.540484,0.032537576,0.21010491,0.002087608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027732189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027749193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20402178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045272143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000103409175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9824734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378417826","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124176","title":"Composite membranes with multifunctionalities for processing textile wastewater: Simultaneous oil/water separation and dye adsorption/degradation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Wastewater; Emulsion; Polyacrylonitrile; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Waste management; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015097529535003078,"score_gpt":0.26523124626840056,"score_spread":0.25013371673339746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378417826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986274,0.00013278858,0.006174531,0.00497579,0.00007167441,0.00064351683,0.0000249356,0.0011810513,0.0005217011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98897415,0.00022463706,0.0030905285,0.00008733707,0.000028274917,0.00053740747,0.00064306415,0.000026426414,0.0063881897],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844545,0.000045127555,0.0003822993,0.0005850718,0.00024010257,0.0003019731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993146,0.0001017334,0.00017235968,0.00027139156,0.00008712337,0.000052786814],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027451877,0.0002354253,0.00021332357,0.0003602678,0.00051120005,0.00013759009,0.00013760722,0.0002693249,0.0001186263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006944246,0.00018542298,0.000023724633,0.00055912207,0.0004541565,0.0005926512,0.00006771492,0.0001277026,0.00019322641],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029621925,0.00009051916,0.0026464402,0.0002521736,0.000036257825,0.0000026134874,0.0015591233,0.01394815,0.8840763,0.004515111,0.0009199015,0.09165722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018024498,0.0004690496,0.0021595994,0.000052737625,0.000080791186,0.00010609828,0.0025789337,0.23448211,0.6849287,0.0070731333,0.065483846,0.0007825487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020811327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000079053934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22053397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063941705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015666994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75613296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378602232","doi":"10.20944/preprints202305.1831.v1","title":"Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal in Forward Osmosis Process Using Functionalized HNTs-Based TFN NF Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Zeta potential; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Reverse osmosis; Adsorption; Chemistry; Forward osmosis; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Metal; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.2628319615881164,"score_gpt":0.4043101816839056,"score_spread":0.1414782200957892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378602232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931781,0.000082409446,0.00035908815,0.00032030648,0.00047724193,0.0017058431,0.000036874004,0.00036166524,0.0034784484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977396,0.00003573797,0.0012309081,0.00003934394,0.000032664637,0.000498606,0.000083210245,0.00005763572,0.00028226836],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99425226,0.00053572166,0.0010322894,0.0013296445,0.002445393,0.00040468096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975581,0.0001480176,0.0007312115,0.0012807692,0.00020509689,0.00007679901],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0055105006,0.0004301583,0.00067344867,0.00039787503,0.00010475144,0.000020388976,0.0008826787,0.0005084824,0.0069936495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002132133,0.00045446688,0.0002567594,0.00082815683,0.0003360642,0.00026007928,0.0013806028,0.0006194725,0.0016895018],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016800895,0.00022445197,0.23395167,0.00036884955,0.00011008465,0.000006563769,0.0003528869,0.70901096,0.054427434,0.000016018232,0.000015018791,0.0013480345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016126354,0.000030183131,0.21030112,0.00031693483,0.0004818607,0.00000886121,0.00033234654,0.19289944,0.57738346,0.01562998,0.0003009743,0.0007022118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010789285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039097609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.522956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009087427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003801281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379015947","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24969","title":"Improved modelling and simulation of once‐through and reverse multi‐stage flash desalination configurations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.03080606452589011,"score_gpt":0.24482565372512755,"score_spread":0.21401958919923744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379015947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793299,0.000030618034,0.02018966,0.00029557358,0.000028966224,0.00006405711,0.0000036123054,0.000014230944,0.000043425927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961679,0.00000869497,0.0037519466,0.000011840145,0.000009758196,9.4782104e-7,0.0000013142269,0.000005390579,0.00004220653],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960005,0.000006024214,0.00017206625,0.000054033153,0.00007533616,0.00009249807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997032,0.00007698168,0.00007706144,0.00006031075,0.0000176592,0.00006478087],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016225937,0.00005018716,0.00007648002,0.00004593222,0.00004323879,0.000016301854,0.00007290674,0.000045605204,0.0000192633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001883723,0.000042132426,0.000015170527,0.00014865179,0.000088714325,0.00016193253,0.000013435078,0.00010826712,0.0000017035973],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014107183,7.398792e-7,0.00004137131,0.00000680043,0.0000034904585,0.0000010323133,0.00034237013,0.81021816,0.18897489,0.000112883004,0.000013545287,0.0002832802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013056175,0.000008070937,0.00009817152,0.000014011395,0.000006359134,0.00000417003,0.000036808327,0.9015897,0.09767289,0.000112709204,0.00028587913,0.000040687817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051177514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014194145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0913715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006334923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021833503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17181104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379116843","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4467672","title":"Adsorption of Heavy Metals on the Surface of Nanofiltration Membranes: \"A Curse or Blessing\"?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Blessing; Nanofiltration; Curse; Adsorption; Membrane; Heavy metals; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Philosophy; Theology","score_opus":0.038090907921296026,"score_gpt":0.2852404505949833,"score_spread":0.2471495426736873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379116843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921654,0.0005271794,0.003059534,0.0024066616,0.00039232505,0.0005631385,0.000016188567,0.00010706979,0.00076252245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903402,0.0064031812,0.00025638737,0.000030666706,0.00004475148,0.000015339252,0.000012957531,0.00003610875,0.0028604544],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967652,0.00030794635,0.0007785001,0.0003706943,0.0008187418,0.00095889147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978612,0.00025467892,0.0011785369,0.00062249677,0.000046295918,0.000036812602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033836379,0.0002844913,0.0004481943,0.000118340846,0.0001370028,0.000044973473,0.0009015548,0.00029660427,0.00049619767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034621923,0.00018085056,0.00022214194,0.0004125815,0.0003610403,0.0001671392,0.0002947904,0.0020437196,0.00013287456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010390396,0.00056109315,0.0013355461,0.00037115216,0.00085087714,0.000005900878,0.0013067562,0.32733357,0.58837336,0.06786845,0.0017543066,0.00919994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064915867,0.0010166096,0.0008747863,0.00043959642,0.00023317602,0.00011622684,0.0043599154,0.0042785644,0.67103416,0.31603903,0.00039069282,0.00056813046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027907442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012173237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.323055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007337356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008430263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88790584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379211018","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4468239","title":"High Perm-Selectivity and Performance of Tuned Nanofiltration Membranes by Merging Carbon Nitride Derivatives as Interphase Layer for Efficient Water Desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Nanocomposite; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Composite material; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011940870663914863,"score_gpt":0.25336572006184754,"score_spread":0.24142484939793268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379211018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910632,0.00031823778,0.007098463,0.0005269425,0.0002120741,0.00061346975,0.000013357374,0.000104204606,0.00005005387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972649,0.0017138828,0.00028813837,0.0000137335355,0.000044604345,0.00009205575,0.00005734854,0.000041384515,0.00048390514],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973776,0.00012215429,0.0005139697,0.00048754335,0.00042004764,0.0010787339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991454,0.00010297498,0.00041200264,0.00022609752,0.00006504384,0.000048515198],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017610267,0.0003061878,0.000368856,0.00019934116,0.00024105648,0.00006603125,0.00033319907,0.00023616571,0.000026582704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018419028,0.00024838472,0.00009716866,0.0001656537,0.00018227527,0.00018919566,0.00027139395,0.0010647892,0.0000062239574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042726842,0.00012486918,0.0024500557,0.00017922411,0.00016282572,8.6072475e-7,0.0009848688,0.029471422,0.9590163,0.0008757736,0.000027300692,0.0062792283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006594632,0.0005716307,0.0005948972,0.00007275003,0.000065947104,0.000039450555,0.00046362882,0.031290125,0.9429752,0.02291779,0.000026248299,0.00032283887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004477084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030549502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022042017,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009349218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023136848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379229452","doi":"10.3390/membranes13060577","title":"Integration of Porous Nanomaterial-Infused Membrane in UF/FO Membrane Hybrid for Simulated Osmosis Membrane Bioreactor (OsMBR) Process","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Biofouling; Materials science; Contact angle; Chromatography; Membrane bioreactor; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021843318080895863,"score_gpt":0.2739351000551464,"score_spread":0.25209178197425053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379229452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938123,0.000045157623,0.00008839359,0.0007793962,0.0005687344,0.002232615,0.00019970555,0.001161501,0.0011121654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968535,0.0002643654,0.00057077425,0.00012487521,0.00006974947,0.00034643343,0.00052613183,0.00012263063,0.0011215693],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99534833,0.00017186157,0.0014802318,0.0011362114,0.00087936333,0.0009839925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976266,0.00053249067,0.0006060533,0.00096831785,0.00010369718,0.00016284575],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011566582,0.0006821149,0.0010820765,0.0007243967,0.00021037128,0.00010141914,0.0010560498,0.00038970448,0.0013607303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092127477,0.00056861585,0.00023089205,0.0023252254,0.00048462884,0.0008833162,0.00023631666,0.000262792,0.00044117146],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00050351815,0.00024249348,0.0009223601,0.00070134347,0.000046343135,0.000030377454,0.00092816213,0.016974118,0.9766457,0.00006180205,0.00038833698,0.002555419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024756999,0.00023469182,0.0021768648,0.0001409565,0.00006162556,0.000018573399,0.00055009493,0.01650627,0.9745871,0.0006188682,0.0019503464,0.0006789129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008157657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044338085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030411393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020608823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007317833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379466705","doi":"10.29169/1927-5129.2023.19.08","title":"A Mini Review on Treatment of Wastewater with Membrane Technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Reverse osmosis; Flocculation; Membrane; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Coagulation; Wastewater; Water treatment; Process engineering; Sewage treatment; Biochemical engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0631827394417377,"score_gpt":0.3251029563487612,"score_spread":0.2619202169070235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379466705","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008929735,0.9919803,0.0000058537184,0.00057296816,0.00012646346,0.001046575,0.000007847705,0.00006455559,0.0053024245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00017295034,0.9978743,0.0013619584,0.00003973688,0.00003294503,0.000077095414,0.0000015545569,0.000022954406,0.00041645725],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99701273,0.00006307651,0.0011817177,0.0004466789,0.0009592345,0.00033652873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972699,0.0002218562,0.0019355726,0.00047851613,0.00002083318,0.0000732646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009173692,0.00041589938,0.0021132682,0.00058547675,0.00011226845,0.000024622499,0.0011685803,0.00020760603,0.0004094939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006597064,0.00020177309,0.00029548735,0.0023715002,0.0012953001,0.00010488091,0.00012252772,0.0002572715,0.00038700778],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017769387,0.0001951783,0.000006789562,0.00560081,0.00013184865,0.00005562034,0.00005951663,0.000072562216,0.00021415383,0.00036243733,0.0013114333,0.9919719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033812603,0.002799511,0.0000024190683,0.023142641,0.00067859027,0.00031032434,0.00016796995,0.0000018529603,0.0043586227,0.00033063907,0.9675043,0.00036500624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000048260285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000985789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9916069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024491863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019055561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8228068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380151570","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.05.019","title":"Novel uremic metabolite-based zwitterionic polyethersulfone (PES) hemodialysis membrane for improved hemocompatibility: Towards the fourth generation of hemodialysis modifiers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Hemodialysis; Metabolite; Membrane; Uremic toxins; Medicine; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.037551919982424305,"score_gpt":0.24269024789626314,"score_spread":0.20513832791383885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380151570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6704158,0.000052650037,0.3254672,0.0017945622,0.00007721494,0.0018667891,0.00012390912,0.0001531816,0.000048692484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705017,0.000114442366,0.0017478816,0.00012607909,0.000044716686,0.0005802059,0.00021504294,0.00002847082,0.00009298914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813914,0.00008200215,0.0005047237,0.0005986387,0.0003580226,0.00031746496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991421,0.000058888378,0.00031760355,0.00040731815,0.000009764163,0.00006432437],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008710885,0.00026672173,0.0003510234,0.0001229238,0.00049178326,0.00003681226,0.00024959003,0.00017042094,0.00014179418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010741296,0.00021189192,0.00015453101,0.0006153742,0.00044460676,0.0003253746,0.000109991,0.00017387465,0.000016154832],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026265343,0.000089467445,0.00017822294,0.00006724869,0.000048359303,7.624806e-8,0.0003601834,0.13979377,0.8235263,0.00000718409,0.000004447495,0.035662085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010197744,0.00010999098,0.0021244993,0.0000057853736,0.00010426593,0.0000024736705,0.0003685906,0.48653892,0.5088938,0.00037516994,0.00025235393,0.00020442714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025386366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004686014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34674513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019567124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020256399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8640702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380154217","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125236","title":"A smart gating nanocellulose membrane showing selective separation and self-cleaning performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","keywords":"Nanocellulose; Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Carbon nanotube; Gating; Cellulose; Bar (unit); Isopropyl alcohol; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01991132024927026,"score_gpt":0.2714614046999664,"score_spread":0.2515500844506961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380154217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99675995,0.000048856586,0.00026850274,0.00043205323,0.00021308211,0.00007595501,0.000002429559,0.00011445498,0.002084686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964064,0.00034610616,0.0029817845,0.00012931785,0.00007801913,0.0000042902766,0.0000062911713,0.000007647129,0.00004018755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880445,0.000075840944,0.0003723927,0.00017166675,0.00036806313,0.00020755807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993973,0.0001515717,0.00026923514,0.000062079656,0.000056765355,0.0000630596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055307837,0.00012488106,0.00015609713,0.00011870143,0.00010364419,0.000057234407,0.0003172951,0.000091266855,0.00016253782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028260177,0.00009573369,0.00005989228,0.00026375518,0.00012052798,0.00033016855,0.00023700813,0.00019294015,0.000117853946],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010715254,0.000115828196,0.1259388,0.000009505016,0.0001160096,0.00010475602,0.000964624,0.0013096182,0.84630066,0.0005157439,0.0002847127,0.024232572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001044527,0.0007693398,0.2563745,0.000109911976,0.000035714493,0.0009228835,0.0009998304,0.019639522,0.71442044,0.0021973143,0.002996465,0.0004895294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066878765,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022596223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13188022,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010252504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009917885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39039063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380742966","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124343","title":"Nanofiltration membranes fabricated by plant polyphenol-intermediated MXene and polyethyleneimine layer-by-layer self-assembly for efficient dye/salt separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyelectrolyte; Permeance; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Layer by layer; Coating; Bilayer; Aqueous solution; Tannic acid; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Substrate (aquarium); Polyphenol; Materials science; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Antioxidant; Polymer; Permeation; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014722326500047154,"score_gpt":0.27352469286570025,"score_spread":0.25880236636565307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380742966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756168,0.00053024385,0.010798646,0.008578589,0.00018551106,0.001553647,0.00023399871,0.0021729474,0.0003295823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944501,0.00085635216,0.0010244807,0.00020558003,0.000026039905,0.0006239666,0.0018072437,0.000038573922,0.0009676558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99758226,0.00008887817,0.0006587928,0.0008719606,0.00032789778,0.00047024188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988191,0.00014903821,0.00038513797,0.00046567328,0.00006804498,0.00011299507],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046225375,0.0003495105,0.0003372525,0.00044571518,0.0004617924,0.00011693818,0.00029452002,0.00055158854,0.00007716324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016213216,0.00034687013,0.000043995184,0.0012978589,0.00029447454,0.00032212355,0.00010856474,0.00018623404,0.0002232176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007220327,0.00012370352,0.00077464466,0.000039113645,0.000029005623,7.8101385e-7,0.0003600489,0.00025015313,0.96063286,0.0021114151,0.029896002,0.00571005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010022541,0.0003070602,0.0015006725,0.000010969635,0.000045180877,0.000020163183,0.0003709169,0.07030258,0.88585424,0.0008910838,0.039258126,0.00043677108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059970745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005465195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07477866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012495344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029640314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381162546","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103921","title":"A comparative study between three of the physical antifouling techniques for oily wastewater filtration using ceramic membranes: Namely; the novel periodic transmembrane pressure technique, pulsatile flow, and backflushing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Fouling; Biofouling; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Context (archaeology); Pulsatile flow; Materials science; Back pressure; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02866224446117032,"score_gpt":0.280259735139708,"score_spread":0.25159749067853765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381162546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98280555,0.000027189775,0.015729107,0.00016892812,0.000048553604,0.0011231984,0.000014914455,0.00007288933,0.000009680317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99721014,0.000004215767,0.0025929017,0.000004192206,0.000056616667,0.00009405407,0.0000024954072,0.00002393923,0.000011421138],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986449,0.00003603672,0.00046264403,0.00018856111,0.00043265766,0.00023521153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994128,0.00010697031,0.00022007091,0.0001877513,0.00004429124,0.000028116057],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074174406,0.00019032082,0.00037031845,0.00011311878,0.00025113398,0.000070442096,0.0004787443,0.00006106714,0.00001801726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037373826,0.00010172288,0.000092140755,0.00033258827,0.00010996062,0.0004768005,0.0001328345,0.00034214562,4.260246e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002430065,0.000044760018,0.0008177735,0.0002020104,0.000059428537,8.067457e-7,0.009386889,0.2828356,0.70636326,0.0000017284939,0.00000319396,0.0002602583],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033152706,0.00019620164,0.0017442588,0.00009258628,0.000118426964,0.00002647055,0.0014649398,0.17552027,0.82016504,0.000111899426,0.000087517816,0.00014088987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013591932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000052899677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.113801755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040948966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015418644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41481388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381683169","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25032","title":"Cellulose nanocrystal addition in thin film nanocomposite membranes: Which monomer solution is preferred?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monomer; Membrane; Nanofiltration; Aqueous solution; Nanocomposite; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Nanoparticle; Cellulose; Materials science; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.011159371149440761,"score_gpt":0.19452469065197242,"score_spread":0.18336531950253165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381683169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99752843,0.00007881911,0.00010880648,0.0014393268,0.00013261539,0.000099040684,0.000009919387,0.000042622407,0.00056042284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995388,0.0000068023433,0.00021693486,0.000049900904,0.000038521237,0.0000061675355,0.000006816194,0.000013434804,0.00012265307],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906284,0.000015777803,0.0002906401,0.00011254991,0.00022243343,0.00029573787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954534,0.00005185522,0.00008418955,0.00014541125,0.000016890252,0.00015629499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032022683,0.000109501896,0.00013430389,0.00016630822,0.00005167501,0.000037433485,0.00034280893,0.00011340961,0.0006206374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110806504,0.00009103973,0.000050007693,0.00065166096,0.000062536485,0.00022706254,0.000031564738,0.0003561621,0.00011565971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008078707,0.0000056288113,0.00022811319,0.000017735665,0.0000109725015,0.000021539703,0.00084465556,0.15603848,0.8369808,0.000041990006,0.0054738703,0.00032812907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002652585,0.00002120639,0.0010880576,0.00006900774,0.000010108819,0.00006372417,0.000039371684,0.103862636,0.8892487,0.00023603885,0.0049157925,0.00018004497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001419227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009453954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052267954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037534544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006768467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6795544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381798696","doi":"10.3390/w15132325","title":"Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Sanitation; Legislation; Water quality; Water treatment; Human life; Hazard; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Quality assurance; Mineral water; Business; Waste management; Risk analysis (engineering); Water resource management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Operations management; Computer science; Geography","score_opus":0.019564320832742205,"score_gpt":0.26121538531394994,"score_spread":0.24165106448120774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381798696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965795,0.000021756554,0.0000042312513,0.0021662957,0.00007267086,0.0001011117,0.0000013711293,0.00016940865,0.00088365626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990784,0.00007399213,0.00013628564,0.00008516066,0.0000116895635,0.00001261153,0.00001956777,0.000006062832,0.008870644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993177,0.000026525508,0.00012192666,0.00021879659,0.00009117501,0.00022389549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980825,0.000019203388,0.000011065178,0.00013310697,0.0000017462684,0.000026626674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001408511,0.00009315741,0.00009973689,0.000024584098,0.00010565293,0.00003238698,0.000059853388,0.00003949707,0.00020242138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006715902,0.000048796148,0.000015252553,0.000041854357,0.000117467185,0.00018904872,0.00016022987,0.000041296105,0.00050221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022272106,0.000010479831,0.05626165,0.000008275773,0.0000111328745,0.000008530532,0.0018839824,0.0001287895,0.9339212,0.00009939364,0.00031637997,0.007327892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054759654,0.00006193175,0.15425439,0.000005769386,0.000006302471,0.000009610851,0.00013169277,0.00039481436,0.8074767,0.0006403573,0.03626718,0.00020362776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018123575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026193165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12644449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038129416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":6.7921883e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6455061},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382051104","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105994","title":"Jacketed elastomeric tubes for passive self-regulation of pulsatile flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Elastomer; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Biomedical engineering; Microfluidics; Backflow; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Engineering","score_opus":0.01630488716767744,"score_gpt":0.2710525246169862,"score_spread":0.2547476374493088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382051104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898434,0.00002989897,0.0013628184,0.0010584056,0.005634954,0.0011601085,0.0008527538,0.000055180466,0.000002474703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867264,0.00014043578,0.0124693755,0.000046846664,0.00036054407,0.00009460834,0.000056695026,0.00008002176,0.000025074683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98731935,0.00089247926,0.0064133536,0.00047935138,0.004121738,0.00077373895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99150836,0.00077775604,0.00584108,0.0007699469,0.00052178,0.0005810447],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0062592993,0.0005780511,0.00259919,0.0007659492,0.00017813868,0.000052822223,0.0027019104,0.0008874491,0.010894856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025499896,0.0003879011,0.0009801757,0.0016034468,0.0012031163,0.00042358454,0.0011805579,0.00057062536,0.00002608221],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011607223,0.0018935899,0.000073211995,0.0002224925,0.00015261659,0.000056536843,0.00009130258,0.000011436603,0.98795074,0.00020455332,0.0016209129,0.0065618614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003206916,0.004965593,0.0053834263,0.00037040008,0.001288789,0.0004496624,0.00022164686,0.00006821832,0.9808968,0.001934111,0.0008580778,0.0003563945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003871732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015556719,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011106557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034489864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028816072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382798011","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124498","title":"Iron oxide doped ceramic membranes for combined organic – Inorganic colloidal fouling mitigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Humic acid; DLVO theory; Materials science; Membrane technology; Ceramic membrane; Colloidal silica; Chemistry; Ceramic; Colloid; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Coating; Composite material","score_opus":0.013244998611863401,"score_gpt":0.26406806194353827,"score_spread":0.25082306333167487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382798011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9844375,0.000085701926,0.0047375113,0.007248157,0.00013488141,0.0011319986,0.000012126113,0.001697319,0.0005148036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99505687,0.0003257676,0.0016259495,0.00015416578,0.000020077476,0.00035072648,0.00023695543,0.000029562912,0.0021999062],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984748,0.00004462425,0.00043066617,0.0005382758,0.0001990733,0.0003125707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991537,0.0001029377,0.00022520767,0.00041739215,0.00004767768,0.000053132495],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035013346,0.00019958286,0.00021514323,0.00037324688,0.00039909524,0.00006573629,0.00028561347,0.00037286684,0.00030054056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030577692,0.00021092982,0.000038604587,0.0015563847,0.00029088097,0.0003072231,0.00010330911,0.00015631202,0.00080453994],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003849952,0.00003513573,0.0026634615,0.000053541786,0.0000105626605,6.3802605e-7,0.00020207616,0.0003915679,0.9817178,0.007586135,0.002466891,0.004833687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015441453,0.0002723094,0.011115178,0.000014275912,0.000041166917,0.00001840028,0.0010347877,0.01861682,0.9186076,0.026551805,0.021673895,0.00050962163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012926756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008308447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06311021,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112711954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026930133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383113165","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4499978","title":"Novel Non-Polyamide Lignosulfonated Membranes with Remarkable Permeability and Antifouling Characteristics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Polyamide; Membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism); Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.014681967645199885,"score_gpt":0.23999087237015918,"score_spread":0.2253089047249593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383113165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98027986,0.00033583827,0.016732376,0.0010437208,0.00029818612,0.00050109206,0.000027919139,0.00030339375,0.0004775999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888842,0.006885313,0.0013759437,0.000056139055,0.000110117435,0.00002872998,0.00003676537,0.00007688266,0.002545875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99593556,0.00008592377,0.00059035816,0.0007951866,0.0005901401,0.0020028038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99854803,0.00014039468,0.00055757654,0.0005886106,0.00004791352,0.0001174769],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028333357,0.00045324097,0.00054477435,0.00014962023,0.00037954288,0.00021262238,0.0006858119,0.00038939455,0.00011292509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037140667,0.00037761068,0.00009807472,0.00031312506,0.00039800786,0.00024001951,0.00088578905,0.004045201,0.000100195495],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028495106,0.0016665175,0.3476574,0.002319861,0.0036705688,0.00036622267,0.004010907,0.04772399,0.44452617,0.012145374,0.0013864684,0.13167699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059367786,0.0023497448,0.37639242,0.0016841195,0.0011750072,0.0065595335,0.007937984,0.04080278,0.040529154,0.5076128,0.0028061888,0.006213435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034695605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014903303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49546745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001201349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00076077326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384207516","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2023.120353","title":"Superior performance of a membrane bioreactor through innovative in-situ aeration and structural optimization using computational fluid dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Zhejiang Provincial Outstanding Youth Science Foundation; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aeration; Baffle; Membrane bioreactor; Computational fluid dynamics; Shear stress; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Bioreactor; Bubble; Materials science; Wastewater; Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Composite material; Waste management","score_opus":0.05929591736703291,"score_gpt":0.3399559531519814,"score_spread":0.28066003578494847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384207516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99836093,0.0000027187918,0.0006835065,0.00027689076,0.00002508038,0.0002653183,0.000006137441,0.000039319617,0.00034011534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99434066,0.000019115512,0.005425946,0.000007734779,0.000007167802,0.000011720378,0.00012467966,0.000008480034,0.000054489326],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884135,0.000074284755,0.00021528374,0.00020926482,0.00042132917,0.00023847069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997517,0.000028482002,0.000025785735,0.00011248138,0.00006519687,0.000016373568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004599205,0.00007506196,0.00010391235,0.00020744822,0.0001292824,0.000036332673,0.00012243526,0.000063932755,0.00014557567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005105946,0.000058169873,0.000008018083,0.0011141584,0.0003609179,0.00052224245,0.00024143708,0.00014095631,0.000031060717],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040521805,0.0000096166605,0.03230313,0.0000343913,0.00000390257,0.000002227558,0.0019135841,0.5444278,0.4204219,0.00017250581,0.000014269116,0.00065616396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019577413,0.00005595268,0.01873035,0.000010877237,6.450911e-7,0.0000021823666,0.00036287517,0.75176156,0.2285571,0.00025537625,0.0000060048665,0.00006130546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021107502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000111662805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20733376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016505386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001693712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23720987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384296930","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adg6638","title":"Pressure-driven distillation using air-trapping membranes for fast and selective water purification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; University of Colorado Boulder; Bureau of Reclamation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Portable water purification; Chemistry; Chlorine; Distillation; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021113005638494005,"score_gpt":0.2891734278423565,"score_spread":0.2680604222038625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384296930","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98761815,0.00011255414,0.010072972,0.0005197438,0.00014748571,0.0005389154,0.000007215609,0.0002790458,0.0007039378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955652,0.000042151143,0.0040458012,0.000020125473,0.000016441192,0.00004197374,0.0000052599526,0.0000057548204,0.00025730455],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998899,0.00001297072,0.0001292113,0.00040648592,0.00026890173,0.0002834484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996894,0.000045496123,0.000060943283,0.00014320589,0.000024521234,0.000036409896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034242508,0.00008654139,0.000084101695,0.00010519627,0.0005450163,0.000051943207,0.0002135054,0.00003105694,0.000023344965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121480276,0.0000654504,0.000015302197,0.0006914887,0.0007385704,0.0014023052,0.0000998329,0.000038809503,0.000037271573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006774945,0.0000049679784,0.0030275867,0.000026927808,0.0000018731743,1.4966383e-7,0.0006655519,0.11702421,0.8640985,0.00009786116,0.000020825593,0.015024801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011757417,0.000037278314,0.011319895,0.000010464156,0.000009538555,0.0000027548083,0.0005570779,0.1362743,0.8410698,0.0030362392,0.0074044475,0.00016060432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001538141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023206338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023028638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000449562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001097006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41918796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384340548","doi":"10.1002/app.54440","title":"The enhancement of antibacterial and anti‐biofouling properties of chitosan/silver nanoparticles‐grafted composite polyamide membrane","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Chitosan; Silver nanoparticle; Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Composite number; Nanoparticle; Interfacial polymerization; Antibacterial activity; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer; Reverse osmosis; Bacteria","score_opus":0.012089896988807006,"score_gpt":0.22765490296035748,"score_spread":0.21556500597155048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384340548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998503,0.00023519417,0.000010331066,0.00038217942,0.0001894099,0.00013281933,0.0000015984544,0.000019093975,0.0005263624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99942434,0.00022496068,0.00027371707,0.000029441519,0.000018856832,0.0000022741135,1.2837408e-7,0.0000058745977,0.000020399913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981779,0.000022198967,0.00058893673,0.000180796,0.00074133143,0.00028887772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990765,0.00005331547,0.00053912133,0.00023944075,0.000019700414,0.00007195419],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072644727,0.00011399892,0.00024253022,0.00013289166,0.00026197464,0.000055894874,0.0006296978,0.000037027334,0.000022197108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030446035,0.00007056056,0.000042103697,0.0009836527,0.002013244,0.000284147,0.00032462756,0.00010801527,0.000008187453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010831699,0.000029615992,0.0006848757,0.000012695828,0.000010458529,0.0000011197002,0.0005597571,0.00010163117,0.9948148,0.00015504513,0.00000899955,0.0035126614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000292414,0.000080249956,0.0074248794,0.000035244484,0.0000136861745,0.000009546568,0.00038556574,0.00032698168,0.9912877,0.000039156763,0.000023653123,0.00008090041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025190047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025904342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006740004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017117436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053338907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74178815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385066819","doi":"10.32920/23726301.v1","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Chemistry; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Environmental science","score_opus":0.031262249902593284,"score_gpt":0.26271481544409175,"score_spread":0.23145256554149846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385066819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922269,0.0000055292094,0.00047978354,0.0004989254,0.00030979255,0.0006065135,0.000009000136,0.00035220908,0.0055113286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956822,0.000103613944,0.0015339119,0.000020561787,0.000016847009,0.000060621158,0.0001766014,0.00002111054,0.002384548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983738,0.00007058395,0.00060629455,0.00044339988,0.00030365432,0.00020224262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918544,0.00009129106,0.00026529594,0.00041672177,0.000014620983,0.000026620477],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052165147,0.00018679108,0.00029362,0.00018955905,0.000022645854,0.000021759544,0.00032425867,0.00039078758,0.0011223262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021631761,0.0001722216,0.000054774657,0.00031970936,0.00011044213,0.00015201682,0.0003724168,0.00033653987,0.0004441442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003610073,0.00007830883,0.022239322,0.00020327822,0.000021417098,0.0000104835935,0.0011790792,0.14687467,0.8261142,0.00023820002,0.00095365266,0.0020513078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033618987,0.000036465164,0.028751204,0.000086194115,0.000012021008,7.744445e-7,0.0002870874,0.022557005,0.9451818,0.002406068,0.00009025683,0.00025492543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001517309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023700588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12431765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016009052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017046168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385070021","doi":"10.32920/23726301","title":"Membrane fouling remediation in ultrafiltration of latex contaminated wastewater","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Chemistry; Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chromatography; Zeta potential; Chemical engineering; Aqueous solution; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.031262249902593284,"score_gpt":0.26271481544409175,"score_spread":0.23145256554149846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385070021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922269,0.0000055292094,0.00047978354,0.0004989254,0.00030979255,0.0006065135,0.000009000136,0.00035220908,0.0055113286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956822,0.000103613944,0.0015339119,0.000020561787,0.000016847009,0.000060621158,0.0001766014,0.00002111054,0.002384548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983738,0.00007058395,0.00060629455,0.00044339988,0.00030365432,0.00020224262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918544,0.00009129106,0.00026529594,0.00041672177,0.000014620983,0.000026620477],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052165147,0.00018679108,0.00029362,0.00018955905,0.000022645854,0.000021759544,0.00032425867,0.00039078758,0.0011223262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021631761,0.0001722216,0.000054774657,0.00031970936,0.00011044213,0.00015201682,0.0003724168,0.00033653987,0.0004441442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003610073,0.00007830883,0.022239322,0.00020327822,0.000021417098,0.0000104835935,0.0011790792,0.14687467,0.8261142,0.00023820002,0.00095365266,0.0020513078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033618987,0.000036465164,0.028751204,0.000086194115,0.000012021008,7.744445e-7,0.0002870874,0.022557005,0.9451818,0.002406068,0.00009025683,0.00025492543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001517309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023700588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12431765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016009052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017046168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385071295","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c01590","title":"Novel Forward Osmosis Membranes Engineered with Polydopamine/Graphene Oxide Interlayers: Synergistic Impact of Monomer Reactivity and Hydrophilic Interlayers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Thin-film composite membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Thermal stability; Reverse osmosis; Monomer; Layer (electronics); Polymer chemistry; Oxide; Tap water; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.056757409335503536,"score_gpt":0.30667722693748245,"score_spread":0.2499198176019789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385071295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99881136,0.00002318809,0.0000986425,0.00008822603,0.000042606134,0.00028193244,0.00003270358,0.00027896793,0.00034238046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994369,0.000028883764,0.00008074444,9.204998e-7,0.000058454894,0.000101919606,0.000016924128,0.000046023484,0.00022923561],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977759,0.00002684199,0.00034787072,0.0005161492,0.00068426965,0.00064895564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987102,0.00042506703,0.000086641776,0.0005329152,0.000040546383,0.00020459534],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077212555,0.00029653075,0.0003801869,0.00025944703,0.00007341372,0.000059783404,0.00048194456,0.0003049661,0.00019961053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000994462,0.00025911265,0.00010067488,0.0017087541,0.0003815283,0.0002217129,0.0003748177,0.00083755114,0.000021207577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011704081,0.000043911332,0.0015835416,0.00007182798,0.000091566486,0.000011085596,0.00014622821,0.041440602,0.95563364,0.000002203886,0.00021731759,0.0006410519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008234921,0.00017633909,0.00300795,0.00011322584,0.000017745817,0.000022761518,0.00035434554,0.018503586,0.976582,0.00000832898,0.00010342084,0.00028679016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001123106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000082245815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022937015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032667315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053630487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385222550","doi":"10.3390/pr11072198","title":"The Effect of Cu2+ and Pb2+ in the Feed Solution on the Water and Reverse Solute Fluxes in the Forward Osmosis (FO) Process Using Nanofiltration (NF) Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Chemistry; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Osmosis; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Monomer","score_opus":0.019993328478367815,"score_gpt":0.2657723024481503,"score_spread":0.2457789739697825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385222550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931697,0.00017307317,0.000011234994,0.005637444,0.00002380151,0.0006953408,0.0000020964549,0.000035318448,0.0002519413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910057,0.00053870527,0.000014182002,0.00012448832,0.000009604699,0.0001685515,0.0000035918163,0.00000682369,0.000033511533],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885744,0.00021118915,0.00019457453,0.0002063149,0.00031349657,0.00021696897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989109,0.00078393635,0.000080097285,0.0002050464,0.000011376867,0.0000086225145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015809155,0.00012574362,0.0001153446,0.000049150825,0.00039587985,0.00009577322,0.00035345546,0.000057385936,0.000009384604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005000054,0.00004272645,0.000016461618,0.0006303237,0.0003598724,0.00027312787,0.000084506864,0.000121987054,0.000015268506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011692304,0.0003035064,0.27434358,0.0066338787,0.00009726021,0.000022209339,0.121637516,0.020682286,0.52996963,0.000519528,0.0045715235,0.04004988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006423582,0.000400115,0.02307634,0.00017467084,0.000053949385,0.000017809358,0.011740706,0.008449913,0.9476527,0.005928385,0.0016001031,0.0002629553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001339348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005694302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4176831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001975472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000999057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3044828},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385355318","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4524028","title":"Design Principles and Considerations of Omniphobic Membranes for Membrane Distillation and Contactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Distillation; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Engineering; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Physics; Desalination","score_opus":0.05167560349522967,"score_gpt":0.2763933854386258,"score_spread":0.22471778194339612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385355318","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88002664,0.0035756347,0.11068724,0.0025375145,0.00036941498,0.0022470492,0.00006721757,0.00024171181,0.00024759246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844808,0.01105617,0.0036173048,0.000018832863,0.00004588866,0.00006583413,0.000017725137,0.000034409564,0.00066305744],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792916,0.00010820303,0.0005198264,0.00039782753,0.00025267855,0.0007923117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986316,0.00053382193,0.0004967278,0.00023479521,0.000040072642,0.00006298661],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015673573,0.00024528702,0.00038645105,0.000131079,0.00024968112,0.00009211773,0.00017225278,0.0002518551,0.000071824026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056011544,0.00022221013,0.00007045077,0.00008537703,0.0002823837,0.0001580524,0.00029296853,0.0009293803,0.000006281758],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012124536,0.0004191293,0.025500227,0.002892475,0.002375768,0.000023456558,0.0055994345,0.21036424,0.33126497,0.39181778,0.0015716099,0.026958441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001430423,0.00054271496,0.0042823716,0.00013169028,0.00024724353,0.00032939072,0.0013364197,0.01678668,0.033711772,0.9400047,0.00055898307,0.0006375854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010800397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011958152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54818696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029477637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044896198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9061466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385409374","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00168","title":"Harvesting Blue Energy Based on Salinity and Temperature Gradient: Challenges, Solutions, and Opportunities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":151,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Osmotic power; Reversed electrodialysis; Renewable energy; Fossil fuel; Electricity generation; Environmental science; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Greenhouse gas; Energy source; Energy transformation; Solar energy; Forward osmosis; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Power (physics); Ecology; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.2577526372157249,"score_gpt":0.33191028488905333,"score_spread":0.07415764767332844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385409374","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001887456,0.99734795,0.0000042834376,0.00029081648,0.000056736295,0.00046051005,0.000028517676,0.00018401963,0.0016082671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00000789285,0.99828416,0.000232526,0.00020736828,0.000052405856,0.00028575415,0.00012492907,0.000039689075,0.0007652839],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99790025,0.00021433244,0.00066675525,0.0006777055,0.0002173828,0.00032356993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985624,0.0004014682,0.0003286841,0.00053150463,0.0000059639397,0.00017000557],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007732651,0.0004494225,0.0013085885,0.0000809751,0.00014064652,0.000055541346,0.0003054818,0.00043335045,0.00009362128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010380151,0.00033065784,0.00017450587,0.00021294589,0.00040071533,0.00008912363,0.00038092688,0.0004719743,0.000119167504],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.4872236e-7,0.000019193058,2.1236843e-7,0.0060730306,0.000007648229,0.000006843918,0.0000120867635,3.3247463e-7,0.000027884686,0.0007718388,0.0043388535,0.98874134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057658606,0.00002311524,7.76972e-7,0.0074164104,0.000104499566,0.000015658296,0.000010237042,0.000032601958,0.000035735793,0.0001474219,0.9918399,0.00031601902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001707712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016232281,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9884253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001142382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028920624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385423207","doi":"10.18280/ijsdp.180710","title":"Structural Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Anaerobic Digester Tank in Sewage Treatment Plant: Investigational and Theoretical Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Zarqa University","keywords":"Waste management; Environmental science; Sewage; Anaerobic exercise; Engineering; Reinforced concrete; Structural engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.028079189177627157,"score_gpt":0.2814717099257235,"score_spread":0.2533925207480964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385423207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993135,0.00002955715,0.0000051378192,0.00011265481,0.000059191218,0.00019964356,0.0000014638102,0.000008758382,0.00027011934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994161,0.00002038013,0.00036710675,0.000013992062,0.000013822296,0.000008819265,0.000016797725,0.0000036528152,0.00013931106],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987805,0.000048822516,0.0003725763,0.00010581645,0.00056359713,0.00012871387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995479,0.000088717796,0.00019187087,0.000039259696,0.000097030854,0.000035246154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009540279,0.0000890233,0.00012885488,0.00025921405,0.00006181699,0.00003754883,0.00011842402,0.000035464436,0.000082531704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014837692,0.000070908616,0.000011169803,0.00016517768,0.00012399154,0.00036209813,0.00009684659,0.00007688376,0.0000017274975],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034218893,0.000011618894,0.9015314,0.000022330263,0.00014076178,0.00041662343,0.03796743,0.04529221,0.0015178419,0.004218394,0.00008760961,0.0084516145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002107181,0.00027238077,0.92471623,0.00007927848,0.000020415546,0.00006377738,0.027772887,0.036634885,0.007367487,0.0006818568,0.00014087169,0.0001427692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013337821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031093714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023184832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022859895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008214083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28915694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385428527","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00271-9","title":"Facile morphological tuning of thin film composite membranes for enhanced desalination performance","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Layer (electronics); Composite number; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025628736067534325,"score_gpt":0.2532037033199196,"score_spread":0.22757496725238527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385428527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957704,0.000002645937,0.0013032558,0.00022327245,0.00006979454,0.00025092775,0.000009342887,0.00026921707,0.0021011767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99634576,0.000020725482,0.0016176745,0.000062384126,0.000010409833,0.000039365863,0.00007135124,0.000010163829,0.001822158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912244,0.000023094144,0.00021246764,0.00021956355,0.00018727039,0.00023515432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967694,0.0000486571,0.00005357545,0.00018445977,0.000012476896,0.000023903394],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027505198,0.00009810994,0.00013478623,0.00005399691,0.000113721,0.000014059815,0.0002216076,0.000087775865,0.0008553667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034909724,0.00006868358,0.000044331235,0.00014955612,0.00014677997,0.0001894061,0.00013888489,0.00007124739,0.0009948488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003487625,0.000017177026,0.0010946231,0.00004604679,0.000004180861,0.0000014827414,0.000587152,0.028988246,0.9648862,0.00002305475,0.0008195854,0.0034974136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023260432,0.00009449723,0.005355439,0.0000082807055,0.0000043218115,0.0000019068411,0.00016717319,0.041599035,0.9508347,0.00032808646,0.0012731692,0.000100773796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011205928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000049037817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014051448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030129351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016869772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385453871","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139693","title":"Integrating of electrocoagulation process with submerged membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment under low voltage gradients","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"American University in Cairo; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Concordia University","keywords":"Electrocoagulation; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Wastewater; Process (computing); Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.015488974775456342,"score_gpt":0.25181501628819736,"score_spread":0.236326041512741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385453871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976055,0.0000067137416,0.0005762605,0.00012122875,0.000029330447,0.00064459647,0.000007665047,0.00021391589,0.00079479715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971441,0.0000072057896,0.00094264996,0.000012459826,0.000010720506,0.00019712746,0.00007328909,0.000023713908,0.0015887087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903065,0.000007985637,0.00020317896,0.00029776362,0.00019146218,0.0002689377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955714,0.000028389175,0.00012581113,0.00023181284,0.000018671497,0.00003817936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007850554,0.00016540724,0.00018654263,0.000018064517,0.00007492867,0.000014463688,0.00015122368,0.00007839985,0.0003547143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003023552,0.000112813126,0.00004644603,0.00046594202,0.00010484728,0.00016567275,0.000027082762,0.000047899313,0.000058650632],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000119927725,0.00010885134,0.011401295,0.00009498906,0.000036941743,0.0000012513026,0.00068032433,0.0028528988,0.9797261,0.000088680856,0.0002846105,0.0046041515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006558178,0.0002530511,0.0031888394,0.000023168152,0.000017839995,0.0000013156906,0.0010234467,0.004398729,0.9896479,0.00047228794,0.00017725166,0.00014031322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052554307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019353909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009921861,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001430942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015485268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46003857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385478596","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121972","title":"Solvent and thermally stable polymeric membranes for liquid molecular separations: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Petrochemical; Reverse osmosis; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Polymer; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Solvent; Nanotechnology; Membrane technology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.0301811668735124,"score_gpt":0.2849806552054968,"score_spread":0.2547994883319844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385478596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9162852,0.069625035,0.00062973454,0.009594831,0.00024603333,0.00049889355,0.0000060360917,0.000099858255,0.0030143566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81869173,0.17749341,0.0034236237,0.00011707681,0.000038414095,0.00002387525,7.536931e-7,0.000016393271,0.00019470141],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982317,0.000044744862,0.00035877593,0.00037166197,0.0006340177,0.0003590973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911183,0.00013004671,0.0002958272,0.00021982052,0.000091862865,0.00015058895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001489073,0.00015637573,0.00024513213,0.00024631442,0.00029373245,0.00007404057,0.0004330427,0.000051892832,0.00009407732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048291273,0.00012635061,0.000046457095,0.0007260339,0.00094616914,0.0011883806,0.00019827308,0.0001320356,0.0000121121175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015278664,0.00006693123,0.00003464405,0.0000903543,0.00001660179,0.000017174776,0.0027021258,0.002996473,0.9458456,0.0019162126,0.00009101044,0.046070084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017971196,0.0020944236,0.0037899818,0.00012843388,0.000070070484,0.0004381049,0.015309196,0.0046017803,0.8915447,0.0043087634,0.07524825,0.00066919916],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004379838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012011227,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10786837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090867805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008798671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5152428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385485826","doi":"10.1039/d3ew00200d","title":"Permeate microbiome reflects the biofilm microbial community in a gravity-driven woven-fiber microfiltration (WFMF) system for wastewater treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Biofilm; Microbiome; Microbial population biology; Microfiltration; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Gut microbiome; Environmental science; Microbiology; Biology; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Bioinformatics","score_opus":0.05178971754448531,"score_gpt":0.32527720926106146,"score_spread":0.27348749171657616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385485826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931387,0.000015956752,0.0000079031,0.0038750584,0.00011055735,0.0020293018,0.000056293036,0.00037185918,0.00039437725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99628735,0.000036731297,0.0005804408,0.000029275945,0.000018088347,0.0008323527,0.000086614455,0.00003332062,0.0020958495],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958458,0.00042974603,0.00045505687,0.00087831926,0.0006670385,0.0017240243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998456,0.00010510215,0.00007842533,0.0012412488,0.00001208933,0.00010715855],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031493313,0.00032039516,0.00030045828,0.0010409481,0.0020899514,0.00016251567,0.0020897752,0.00028916026,0.00027575603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006505527,0.00020115613,0.0000895544,0.0022521226,0.0062611797,0.0004316492,0.0019478385,0.00071849534,0.0043712296],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046570494,0.00016480341,0.0018482456,0.000014096787,0.000008145815,0.000020280404,0.0014398564,0.00030130983,0.9938097,0.00005878986,0.00032176878,0.0019664622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069558085,0.0005648222,0.002469175,0.000021663802,0.0000061453347,0.00007042468,0.0038530591,0.00047108158,0.9812653,0.000716668,0.009618281,0.0002477731],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068469055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043965242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012544345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029731607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038601513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99920917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385660546","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121988","title":"Adsorption of heavy metals on the surface of nanofiltration membranes: “A curse or blessing”?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Tata Memorial Centre; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Nanofiltration; Chemical engineering; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Chemistry; Metal; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Inorganic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04295672573059109,"score_gpt":0.2980566447594166,"score_spread":0.25509991902882556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385660546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99536246,0.000036187474,0.00015846404,0.0019793322,0.000322725,0.00021323349,0.0000045481133,0.000036894453,0.0018861674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980964,0.0002665285,0.0010443166,0.00007671501,0.000021011527,0.0000020627176,5.671965e-7,0.000009305834,0.00048307294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677056,0.00014487597,0.0008357932,0.00024423713,0.0017172339,0.00028730827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977246,0.00048417004,0.0011176827,0.00046056398,0.00013324851,0.00007975529],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004595197,0.00015354698,0.0003504298,0.0002705997,0.00018211752,0.00004535753,0.0011480441,0.00007317927,0.0007664231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013372188,0.00008760219,0.00012348447,0.0029900663,0.0016732749,0.00090013316,0.0001346367,0.0002052736,0.00010569507],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012338263,0.00007045753,0.00022294576,0.00003555077,0.00000880563,0.0000038365874,0.00040533455,0.03583276,0.9613763,0.0006793348,0.00041379282,0.00082746753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027885992,0.00036888692,0.002472207,0.00010423971,0.000021874628,0.000041492938,0.00095786917,0.004065844,0.99078804,0.00047469902,0.00032628237,0.00009969511],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029918965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016394668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031766918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008864266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018264007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8391796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385773316","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115397","title":"Membrane technology for treating decanted oily wastewater from marine oil spill operations: Comparison between membrane filtration and membrane bioreactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Dairy Farmers of Ontario","keywords":"Decantation; Filtration (mathematics); Seawater; Wastewater; Membrane bioreactor; Waste management; Dispose pattern; Environmental science; Petroleum; Pulp and paper industry; Produced water; Hydrocarbon; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018252240151766,"score_gpt":0.2552549911336433,"score_spread":0.2370027509818773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385773316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97576356,0.000023885787,0.0005012116,0.018592387,0.00016310172,0.0006915135,0.00022684765,0.0012646936,0.002772807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9808812,0.00020726815,0.012023085,0.00018074071,0.0001433883,0.00040263092,0.0017077061,0.00006375182,0.004390185],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99709004,0.000107786305,0.0008785858,0.0008911827,0.0004049469,0.0006274373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987319,0.000253597,0.00023120905,0.0005985895,0.00004748077,0.00013721069],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004997895,0.00044405213,0.0006070043,0.00044820376,0.00048979966,0.00013191608,0.00041915054,0.0003930333,0.0047218422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005772154,0.000416516,0.00009568596,0.0010154455,0.00039607196,0.0001870113,0.0007783037,0.0002967485,0.00097522547],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028778234,0.00017846546,0.043320972,0.00015294108,0.00015256924,0.000014419549,0.0003845318,0.0037825454,0.80927366,0.0009888365,0.0043884623,0.13707483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033353379,0.00038579403,0.03310511,0.00006730902,0.0001614204,0.00001936354,0.0006433735,0.02408936,0.878124,0.0007309657,0.058395352,0.00094261544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029218846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001481906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13613221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018876977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022696104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385835719","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.3c00138","title":"Efficacy of Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for the Treatment of Oil-Field Produced Water Intended for Beneficial Reuse","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Produced water; Nanofiltration; Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Environmental science; Reuse; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.01943581572938516,"score_gpt":0.2427888675842763,"score_spread":0.22335305185489115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385835719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977551,0.000017968196,0.0010253928,0.0006790048,0.000080052865,0.0003565608,0.000006505567,0.00006795154,0.00001145135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974452,0.00012896779,0.0021267717,0.00000726705,0.000017902728,0.0001565121,0.000009944021,0.00000909329,0.000098313445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995493,0.0000029218668,0.00014468774,0.00012574949,0.000065188244,0.000112113994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951625,0.00020032962,0.000031534357,0.00023319107,0.0000084028725,0.00001029805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104424485,0.00006964209,0.000098037744,0.000034839297,0.000035570898,0.0000055348723,0.00011174546,0.000041065974,0.0000087592525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026334642,0.00004461158,0.000034157507,0.00009631815,0.00002178352,0.000056965084,0.00003865644,0.000015990996,0.0000025130178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000540165,0.000027513024,0.000116036295,0.00004642012,0.000021204662,1.0876028e-7,0.00091808644,0.017470298,0.9650996,0.00015357003,0.0002560853,0.015837068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003981527,0.00024091906,0.00059116055,0.000009509464,0.000022904867,2.6154007e-7,0.00008692632,0.0080906395,0.9884029,0.000053896383,0.0020496733,0.000053043677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029637298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000979539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023303319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024064482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020456066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18192074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385894286","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4534487","title":"A Non-Substrate-Specific Technique of Antifouling and Antiwetting Janus Membrane Fabrication for Membrane Distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Janus; Biofouling; Membrane distillation; Fabrication; Membrane; Substrate (aquarium); Materials science; Distillation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Desalination; Engineering; Biology; Biochemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.02267260574615661,"score_gpt":0.26733847990745874,"score_spread":0.24466587416130212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385894286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74758774,0.0007528618,0.2482733,0.0005873263,0.00033515182,0.0017836812,0.000027612965,0.00023919059,0.00041311077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98553246,0.00873146,0.0050695245,0.0000071003738,0.00013120708,0.0001191326,0.00006314566,0.00006209071,0.00028385076],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99675333,0.00006345002,0.0008404745,0.0006371425,0.0004401633,0.0012654059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982522,0.00014742004,0.001021992,0.00043678033,0.0000792133,0.00006238243],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002800527,0.0003450353,0.0004901124,0.00026695244,0.00027214052,0.00009748583,0.00052705983,0.0004200478,0.000031442385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021154182,0.00033983152,0.00016473337,0.000372821,0.00021471114,0.00022767688,0.00036236655,0.0018561222,0.000018386254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020247263,0.00010884075,0.007422946,0.00053258234,0.00022361963,0.0000051070006,0.0005265783,0.024896922,0.92320865,0.0062175677,0.00017936522,0.036475364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016827292,0.0006204114,0.016851502,0.00068971515,0.00023347705,0.0003403514,0.0021962372,0.028449649,0.62544644,0.3209785,0.0009904313,0.0015205852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010197592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017999833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31476092,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072835054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002897107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386002415","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122001","title":"Experimental and theoretical analysis of scaling mitigation for corrugated PVDF membranes in direct contact membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Scaling; Materials science; Mass transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Heat transfer; Turbulence; Mechanics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.013322590774886024,"score_gpt":0.2898329788133348,"score_spread":0.2765103880384488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386002415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99803716,0.00007327491,0.00037301963,0.0003412536,0.00014812847,0.0002676962,0.000011364948,0.00003774841,0.00071033434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897933,0.00007805858,0.0008513131,0.000027617636,0.000015437925,0.000008046568,0.0000064594683,0.000009141604,0.00002459244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99767107,0.00008064378,0.000773558,0.00033238018,0.0008341248,0.00030823474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99858993,0.00050533214,0.00050092064,0.00020741408,0.000081658865,0.00011474351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027144614,0.00015411075,0.00049690343,0.00096489117,0.0001508006,0.00006012116,0.00041205087,0.00008239593,0.000237597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010953518,0.00012679417,0.00013300222,0.003921566,0.0012375414,0.0007129126,0.00011732607,0.00012549588,0.00000555266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013258966,0.00005218547,0.0075580706,0.000028238483,0.00003652807,0.0000056850613,0.00076515035,0.025243577,0.9633295,0.0019489487,0.000012871698,0.0008866764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069788075,0.0001712107,0.049446292,0.00004500164,0.00011460692,0.000012956244,0.0008520021,0.15044874,0.7976432,0.00039055842,0.000034723213,0.00014283904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038065304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001875734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1656863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001379366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049789884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51705164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386020785","doi":"10.1002/app.54585","title":"Highly hydrophilic and antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) hybrid ultrafiltration membranes incorporated with silver‐loaded iron‐based metal–organic frameworks","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Biofouling; Fluoride; Hybrid material; Dispersion (optics); Polymer chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.008953357335085625,"score_gpt":0.22077336653276172,"score_spread":0.2118200091976761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386020785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964796,0.00024141606,0.0009978155,0.0010421324,0.00018120559,0.0002140705,0.000003253145,0.00017984644,0.00066067703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973025,0.00006966456,0.002137057,0.00032668185,0.00005414124,0.0000074577647,0.0000035380606,0.000025226622,0.000073746705],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997023,0.000034938144,0.00062175794,0.0005225032,0.0012942704,0.0005035478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99842554,0.00016187356,0.00069077086,0.00042961747,0.00005313409,0.00023907577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010777165,0.00028452175,0.00037973904,0.0005075453,0.0004553665,0.00020766279,0.00085225666,0.00014573942,0.00026550674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007778416,0.00021990604,0.00005519782,0.0031310348,0.0014439505,0.0009856261,0.00016615888,0.0005806745,0.000122011435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009437795,0.000036976955,0.00061492727,0.000013136405,0.00001157384,0.000037018606,0.00017452662,0.0037980753,0.9917875,0.0001454565,0.00006551395,0.003220906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057396066,0.00020137135,0.0028024006,0.000031533164,0.00004384053,0.00010760515,0.00022074295,0.006954632,0.98825955,0.00047110615,0.00005340481,0.00027982023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030731848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009071618,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003527928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012539008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001877194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8967508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386024461","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124877","title":"Leveraging coagulation mechanisms to reduce fouling and increase natural organic matter removal during coagulation/flocculation-ultrafiltration treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Flocculation; Coagulation; Alum; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Adsorption; Natural organic matter; Humic acid; Filtration (mathematics); Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Organic matter; Membrane; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01594930162567385,"score_gpt":0.2698393760911212,"score_spread":0.2538900744654473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386024461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9828484,0.000050431187,0.009003271,0.0058276765,0.00011176288,0.00082389294,0.0000048307925,0.0008730903,0.00045666756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931539,0.00007023731,0.004605669,0.00014058352,0.000030746876,0.00015641245,0.00018055754,0.00002519008,0.001636685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99829596,0.00006940485,0.00044272252,0.0006548274,0.00025027274,0.00028678816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992346,0.00005411371,0.00018707958,0.0003925962,0.00004463303,0.0000869331],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002465089,0.00024176361,0.00020897399,0.0005387019,0.00053681165,0.0001086194,0.0001335147,0.00023370232,0.0003132393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012643136,0.0002484697,0.00002792635,0.0013055466,0.00013463646,0.00047234664,0.00009407355,0.00013109668,0.00072841253],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052653762,0.000029007546,0.009031157,0.00001417206,0.000016619551,0.0000039061115,0.00084627577,0.0035165572,0.9700946,0.0033093267,0.00027996616,0.0128057115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015051452,0.00017082854,0.36800864,0.00002941303,0.0000544256,0.00020472221,0.0013096249,0.056402612,0.5554053,0.013256935,0.0029454194,0.00070693647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056131277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006345664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41468933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022063997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018655594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386031627","doi":"10.2166/washdev.2023.249","title":"Impacts of hydration and dehydration on microfiltration point-of-use filters: performance and cleaning impacts","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Backwashing; Microfiltration; Volumetric flow rate; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Filter (signal processing); Dehydration; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.024745925276648213,"score_gpt":0.2525249357582729,"score_spread":0.2277790104816247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386031627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985184,0.000013725562,0.0009668653,0.0002476636,0.000051053725,0.0001639016,0.0000017660864,0.000010335512,0.000026302678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910706,0.00016780834,0.008664699,0.000034839424,0.00000756122,0.000003664846,0.0000159533,0.000005931547,0.000028903583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920636,0.000019632656,0.00040384728,0.000095794145,0.00016942009,0.000104964005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999523,0.00006087552,0.00027403148,0.000047762685,0.00005375092,0.00004056945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000474791,0.00008120877,0.00012747888,0.0001888874,0.000089046334,0.000039309012,0.000039429775,0.000041982166,0.000010177576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010387562,0.000059916023,0.000014791589,0.00010176203,0.000057848527,0.0007347097,0.00002989176,0.00004450296,0.000002755946],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021080494,0.000028938826,0.019454176,0.00013053115,0.000022419626,7.7205505e-7,0.010933132,0.0007982031,0.9388493,0.000055391745,0.00029770337,0.029218681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000534856,0.0005139722,0.23257513,0.00008847555,0.000010692055,0.000012342189,0.0005669123,0.0015933409,0.76356894,0.00019196421,0.000266184,0.00007716148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060604275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001709645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21312097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004099553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015409893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24433045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386077797","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4548060","title":"Pa Layer Tuned Via Ta-Loaded Stabilized Chemically Converted Graphene Oxide Sandwich for High-Performance Forward Osmosis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Membrane; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.01694627979788599,"score_gpt":0.24642993927228496,"score_spread":0.22948365947439897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386077797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607247,0.00029177254,0.034764323,0.0017127063,0.00052127766,0.0012644444,0.000034195076,0.00055532384,0.00013127283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99152935,0.00386639,0.0021932165,0.00015171584,0.00010610106,0.000395481,0.000115662544,0.00012037533,0.0015216962],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938927,0.000112429625,0.0010528101,0.0009709595,0.0008468737,0.003124213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99792683,0.00018776348,0.0007849638,0.00084152754,0.000089923575,0.00016901766],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021670721,0.00064546027,0.00083642703,0.00022905,0.00037657082,0.00012279244,0.0015574474,0.0007129542,0.00047959868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031317468,0.0005819795,0.0003869945,0.0005195999,0.00029872922,0.0002907136,0.00083377265,0.0036683306,0.00031610718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012271688,0.000291357,0.008112812,0.00024316467,0.0012722281,0.0000071337017,0.00022316787,0.005087893,0.958535,0.0031241043,0.0035593896,0.018316563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039564087,0.0006263372,0.0047545163,0.00011946011,0.00034299144,0.00009737725,0.00036490514,0.0047259857,0.5690513,0.4137018,0.000880593,0.0013783162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034317526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007016674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4105777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023429317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072837784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386099018","doi":"10.3390/membranes13090750","title":"A Comparative Study of the Self-Cleaning and Filtration Performance of Suspension Plasma-Sprayed TiO2 Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Materials science; Fouling; Suspension (topology); Titanium dioxide; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.021201262178987275,"score_gpt":0.2462747958268376,"score_spread":0.22507353364785032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386099018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998211,0.000033215947,0.00000487579,0.00012885914,0.000076514865,0.0007851858,0.0000039448896,0.00013993937,0.00061645074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993869,0.00018238563,0.00018070225,0.000009414981,0.00001005047,0.00002784675,0.000010380802,0.000010080691,0.00018226124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986116,0.00014446252,0.00041396075,0.0003126181,0.0003600696,0.00015723056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918896,0.00018715793,0.00028739628,0.0002758622,0.000032312135,0.000028317583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038763267,0.00016844626,0.00027410782,0.000097007956,0.000250482,0.00002917896,0.00017448957,0.00008223938,0.000052465897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006675916,0.00012776136,0.00002676966,0.0006396919,0.0002589008,0.00042717266,0.00010710494,0.00011231564,0.000014699432],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008150477,0.0001265963,0.04966396,0.00015914177,0.000024374729,5.807724e-7,0.00950962,0.00586844,0.93374157,0.000059753304,0.000105619074,0.0006588228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000660357,0.00037366681,0.2502889,0.000032397613,0.00003983934,0.0000115167595,0.0052724364,0.02408565,0.7189879,0.000038004266,0.00007081223,0.00013855544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012090142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038011878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21475372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021000715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013222966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5209957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386102094","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2023.08.025","title":"Model development and validation for human serum proteins- membrane interactions: Membrane fouling applications in ultrafiltration of patients blood","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"DLVO theory; Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Ionic strength; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Zeta potential; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Chemical physics; Biological system; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Physical chemistry; Colloid; Engineering; Biochemistry; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.02338173147002093,"score_gpt":0.250567673476656,"score_spread":0.22718594200663506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386102094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.966661,0.000008483791,0.030533012,0.00007164429,0.000013387415,0.0024599885,0.000029220771,0.00009679896,0.00012651226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99701154,0.000072315896,0.0011283504,0.000006422326,0.000007607287,0.0014052204,0.0002472945,0.000015736165,0.00010552928],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883723,0.000022747188,0.00040734193,0.00036574443,0.00020137569,0.00016558694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996379,0.00002405226,0.00018590465,0.00011104593,0.0000058684727,0.00003521215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025215463,0.00014917905,0.00014613282,0.00012401807,0.0003349908,0.000017552098,0.000076619915,0.00008951693,0.000031194788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027655391,0.00015380223,0.00001978589,0.0002468532,0.00011324634,0.00050560705,0.000061197155,0.000113434275,0.000006167404],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026206305,0.0007111312,0.03724342,0.0009370319,0.00003932736,2.522889e-7,0.0034619353,0.23329079,0.689641,0.00018431088,0.000001848918,0.03422687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014009855,0.00015090148,0.038440827,0.000053928172,0.00002987674,0.0000019004424,0.000962073,0.08209173,0.8739055,0.0024146596,0.0002374239,0.0003101922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025825317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006838569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18426448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090466645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062265053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6271873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386180073","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00007-0","title":"Bio-sourced and biodegradable materials for membrane fabrication","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanotechnology; Sustainability; Appeal; Engineering; Biopolymer; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Polymer; Chemistry; Political science","score_opus":0.02292504198016083,"score_gpt":0.23953909144173607,"score_spread":0.21661404946157525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386180073","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001405939,0.000099134384,0.0000413406,0.00025307472,0.00031450213,0.0014856391,0.00015954976,0.0005226551,0.9957182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014750178,0.00017565163,0.0010450439,0.0001263669,0.00007405537,0.00019011866,0.00008494556,0.000087489156,0.9967413],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984398,0.00001453105,0.00039129588,0.00057070056,0.00032201209,0.00026169242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990563,0.00008639583,0.00026550665,0.0005027265,0.000024438586,0.00006465149],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039535217,0.00032177096,0.00039934317,0.00011513975,0.000155813,0.000069634574,0.00028945564,0.00036646865,0.0009202215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000898546,0.0002931282,0.000074850366,0.000024260495,0.00038391788,0.000060861927,0.00025451335,0.00011891103,0.0011746928],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002555529,0.0000047143044,0.0000054380466,0.00014658857,0.00004521103,0.0000029710095,0.00010834088,0.0000035829619,0.056559566,0.0057646777,0.0025028803,0.9348305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022934204,0.00006258683,0.000026977674,0.00007474333,0.00006198549,0.000004802031,0.0000105985655,0.000020183972,0.07867549,0.019222962,0.9012146,0.00039574443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031977088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024985073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9344347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111406625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001483674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386181428","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00001-x","title":"An introduction to green membrane technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Productivity; Environmental economics; Balance (ability); Consumption (sociology); Sustainable development; Energy consumption; Natural resource economics; Membrane technology; Engineering; Business; Membrane; Economics; Economic growth; Political science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014087807645958295,"score_gpt":0.24407696859518027,"score_spread":0.22998916094922198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386181428","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006893354,0.000019075873,0.000014955594,0.0051694326,0.00051950116,0.00085424574,0.000020756286,0.0017288465,0.99098384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008304078,0.000025076039,0.0012241291,0.0002871073,0.00042653864,0.000105624895,0.00003556969,0.00012121542,0.9969443],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99770707,0.000018469565,0.00042650473,0.0010070236,0.00046005778,0.00038084993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99817485,0.000018449327,0.00018010057,0.0014725967,0.000022041106,0.00013197509],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002803043,0.00041560826,0.00044475996,0.00046677256,0.00014428736,0.000035073303,0.0008622666,0.00068381144,0.0028419474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000504566,0.00041493948,0.00009045526,0.000117484924,0.00039506395,0.00009909707,0.0005165888,0.00054117263,0.014639888],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010145841,0.000006191123,0.000008519981,0.000016817732,0.000022085664,0.000019747653,0.00007612444,0.000061006147,0.009080504,0.009802211,0.001941288,0.9789554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000872816,0.00017836949,0.000020514763,0.000024317738,0.0000324094,0.000020200496,0.000019065372,0.000015413798,0.0075845667,0.029628757,0.9619384,0.00045070276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004387968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000307873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97850466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021943376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018541807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386183631","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-95165-4.00005-7","title":"Exploring biomimetic membranes: applications and challenges","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Commercialization; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Population; Environmental science; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Business","score_opus":0.11353368107897671,"score_gpt":0.25408604304593674,"score_spread":0.14055236196696003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386183631","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000094721036,0.0020842706,0.0000043218083,0.00036449122,0.00009959845,0.000723391,0.0000113570495,0.0005734572,0.9960444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007112537,0.02646965,0.00036075097,0.00005135431,0.00007368902,0.00067618577,0.000009645895,0.00009460847,0.97155285],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851567,0.000012659513,0.00030656788,0.0006258159,0.0003008518,0.00023843438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990047,0.00009303485,0.00014609497,0.0006609368,0.000007877462,0.00008731913],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001911533,0.00032163516,0.00032549622,0.00014627549,0.00014499469,0.000032794334,0.00034528034,0.00022082175,0.0003754309],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016476572,0.00031228294,0.00007746137,0.000027619046,0.00041350446,0.00009681853,0.00044263198,0.000254565,0.0037308657],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016116162,0.0000026352682,0.000001392013,0.00012499712,0.000022193755,0.0000054753905,0.00016626675,0.0000026186785,0.00020413053,0.0103160655,0.00002029601,0.98913234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008617797,0.000024934832,0.00004110982,0.00007876678,0.00004212041,0.0000087982135,0.00006004593,0.0000071569098,0.00058428774,0.023250867,0.9754751,0.00034066668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.979697e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042979635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98879164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006904493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009286974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386226653","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124868","title":"Electric field forward osmosis (EFFO) fouling mitigation in algae harvesting","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"King Saud University; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Environmental engineering; Chlorella vulgaris; Environmental science; Materials science; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Algae; Ecology","score_opus":0.013613534191766368,"score_gpt":0.27590384489169756,"score_spread":0.2622903106999312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386226653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805704,0.00007923527,0.0039832178,0.008962248,0.00007405127,0.00043011858,0.0000011303639,0.001020973,0.0048786234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99698114,0.00023543864,0.001606968,0.00018888661,0.000012742776,0.00018156512,0.0000310195,0.000011612731,0.0007506064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874544,0.000044139062,0.00036307765,0.0004089775,0.0001685377,0.0002698239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940675,0.00010752656,0.00014560341,0.00028816165,0.000017681,0.0000342851],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037949518,0.00013129799,0.00014571473,0.00058749947,0.00017344693,0.000043910284,0.00019530396,0.0002930289,0.00015720986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047570735,0.00014200996,0.000022675642,0.0025222192,0.00007674137,0.00031748987,0.000079461315,0.00021555048,0.0006086062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026608579,0.000056987315,0.09670498,0.000029232087,0.0000108617205,0.000005684201,0.0005810168,0.001952437,0.610195,0.023668269,0.005284368,0.2614846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072574156,0.00023459173,0.08011341,0.00003060128,0.000015530313,0.000021709302,0.0007567429,0.068546645,0.78656507,0.04062058,0.021857632,0.00051172543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000068775815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001300169,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26097286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077430435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012866848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7822604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386258457","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122034","title":"Novel lignosulfonated polyester membranes with remarkable permeability and antifouling characteristics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Polyester; Nanofiltration; Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Monomer; Chromatography; Materials science; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01707979462967248,"score_gpt":0.25060865364070445,"score_spread":0.23352885901103196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386258457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968318,0.000023650684,0.00044583424,0.0011971288,0.00019975923,0.00014036072,0.0000045301604,0.000087608794,0.001069323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99564624,0.00015196932,0.0036444871,0.00013476025,0.000034043194,0.000002065361,8.1770986e-7,0.000012640914,0.00037300377],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976111,0.000040639476,0.0005033806,0.0003709766,0.0010534193,0.0004204602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987587,0.00020204119,0.0004220674,0.00033185794,0.00010716909,0.00017819996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030812896,0.00017491276,0.00030955282,0.0002845657,0.00033104446,0.00015775593,0.0006587891,0.00006933088,0.00018417131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096330047,0.00012343978,0.00004207406,0.0019209735,0.0015632906,0.0012126783,0.00026926707,0.00026212266,0.000079674806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009595021,0.00005256413,0.016325664,0.00004382581,0.000008672941,0.000042529377,0.00038601254,0.00091575034,0.9780181,0.000056805336,0.00008985168,0.0039642747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012663434,0.0004917259,0.45199993,0.00016835015,0.00005330434,0.0014057115,0.00091850816,0.007687023,0.5328345,0.00039670165,0.0022838665,0.0004940759],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014567792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009763723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44518363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093491646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010597223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5760009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386416867","doi":"10.1038/s41545-023-00277-3","title":"Enhancing ultrafiltration membrane permeability and antifouling performance through surface patterning with features resembling feed spacers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Filtration (mathematics); Fabrication; Biofouling; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Membrane fouling; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chromatography; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.017214681926762395,"score_gpt":0.24146861399055933,"score_spread":0.22425393206379693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386416867","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99635416,0.0000063867287,0.0003057139,0.00072202896,0.00006733271,0.00024977312,0.0000017656268,0.0004564045,0.0018364191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99695826,0.000087252934,0.0020062833,0.00008641312,0.000024435512,0.0000069443236,0.00002042073,0.000025731424,0.00078424515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99845135,0.0000563591,0.00021193418,0.00049249956,0.0003528494,0.0004349951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950945,0.000063542786,0.00005890917,0.0003084083,0.000013415985,0.000046244553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052912475,0.00019021446,0.00017470744,0.00004316197,0.0003729077,0.00010810129,0.00016322765,0.000102418715,0.00027616599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004488659,0.00013093333,0.000025784046,0.00028542132,0.0002264684,0.0007048417,0.00013452809,0.00025026535,0.00022896793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062160274,0.000010545232,0.08955902,0.00007898637,0.000010338084,0.000007716263,0.005598771,0.04645089,0.856293,0.0000053359176,0.000113086964,0.0018101357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026471878,0.00008073631,0.07234964,0.000046052537,0.000009091404,0.00001340882,0.0020379524,0.0041459207,0.92057294,0.00004073233,0.00021816701,0.00022063486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001786575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026384916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06427993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071217844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000533973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53393066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386432426","doi":"10.1007/978-981-19-9822-5_234","title":"A Comprehensive Review on Contaminant Transfer in Membrane Energy Recovery Ventilators","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental science and engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Energy recovery ventilation; HVAC; Ventilation (architecture); Indoor air quality; Waste management; Environmental science; Membrane; Energy consumption; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Air conditioning; Engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.023975098134304755,"score_gpt":0.24892353036776602,"score_spread":0.22494843223346125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386432426","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019126801,0.9968912,0.000016393607,0.000022601636,0.00019238229,0.00056370517,0.000018951634,0.0001123882,0.000269706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00078287045,0.9986819,0.000041527277,0.00010558907,0.000013354649,0.00015335424,0.000016121197,0.000040506544,0.00016476483],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976005,0.00003073986,0.00049315376,0.00075025787,0.0006368741,0.00048848294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933785,0.00010027589,0.00006717024,0.00037019214,0.0000011543754,0.00012334259],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042795204,0.00041257584,0.0008610018,0.0002743913,0.00010111945,0.00003419729,0.00048796003,0.00015001794,0.00023661081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045685374,0.00034955586,0.00012591544,0.0009840605,0.00041142965,0.00027452654,0.00029653576,0.0002993952,0.00040632673],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034520097,0.000061313935,0.000010075307,0.008831145,0.000022886314,0.00008917247,0.00004751317,0.0008036357,0.0012999593,0.00007973242,0.0002598108,0.9884913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010166223,0.000081726335,0.00018586642,0.0117910225,0.000055565397,0.000031788946,0.000019827074,0.00020586544,0.00033214214,0.0000049363143,0.98669994,0.0004896829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004036635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072197495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98800164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006625961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002200485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386687023","doi":"10.3390/membranes13090787","title":"Organic Compounds Responsible for the Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membrane Treating Algae-Laden Water","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Organic matter; Dissolved organic carbon; Adsorption; Chromatography; Polysaccharide; Water treatment; Algae; Humic acid; Environmental chemistry; Cationic polymerization; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Botany; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.025672421020702014,"score_gpt":0.26265032581874487,"score_spread":0.23697790479804284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386687023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925903,0.000047040063,0.0007469924,0.002854775,0.00018952352,0.00068807,0.00001251272,0.0004633609,0.002407401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99569404,0.00008868131,0.00081316225,0.000074540316,0.0000473216,0.000101156606,0.0000561495,0.000028351345,0.0030965682],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986081,0.000063955216,0.00036802792,0.0002970652,0.00032295822,0.00033986047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986667,0.0007540462,0.000103043116,0.00042430277,0.000021002388,0.000030924028],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080359547,0.00016069782,0.00021166097,0.000093883275,0.00035221284,0.000046067937,0.00042880297,0.00009989027,0.0009317135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029902186,0.00009895218,0.00008669971,0.0005401494,0.00021721062,0.0002247558,0.000110460045,0.000098239645,0.00040962928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055952234,0.000016115331,0.0006372974,0.000059832862,0.000019322248,0.0000012190862,0.0011382455,0.006382109,0.9893876,0.00013048074,0.0009109177,0.0012609151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037694487,0.00006778127,0.0011226478,0.000013018126,0.000030859963,0.0000073045335,0.0009036548,0.010588509,0.98129445,0.000710349,0.0047445986,0.0001399079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093356255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015208627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008093169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004060413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014550228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386777234","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2023.09.053","title":"3E assessment of a solar-driven reverse osmosis plant for seawater desalination in a small island of the Mediterranean Sea","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Society of Transplantation; European Commission","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Brackish water; Solar desalination; Boiler feedwater; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025889540812032052,"score_gpt":0.26283737299088833,"score_spread":0.2369478321788563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386777234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972727,0.000003144524,0.00077301875,0.00037680045,0.00016276824,0.00020637077,0.000012943021,0.000039536273,0.0011527243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99809134,0.000014705915,0.0010229006,0.000031062566,0.000008724084,0.00007211818,0.000046899702,0.00000775658,0.00070449006],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990708,0.00004136805,0.00035648505,0.00019066737,0.00021148965,0.00012915405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935097,0.00005201105,0.000267752,0.00030187133,0.000011257106,0.000016135378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040960146,0.00007367017,0.0001393098,0.00006464037,0.000032987315,0.0000048716865,0.00012589539,0.000069379836,0.00007684558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008642912,0.00005197986,0.000053925327,0.0002820582,0.00008231119,0.000062239815,0.00013054188,0.000046080168,9.638163e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050304337,0.00020864129,0.71411693,0.00013270765,0.0000579419,0.00013993231,0.001557803,0.07922349,0.18209378,0.00072417513,0.015247617,0.0064466554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068442343,0.0002030194,0.2931024,0.00013421656,0.000037919224,0.00006397189,0.0002693573,0.058534697,0.62646157,0.004936795,0.015286981,0.0002846167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077965274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043052784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4443678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000604746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020245969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24024463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386802351","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-41446-9","title":"Smart dynamic hybrid membranes with self-cleaning capability","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Fouling; Process engineering; Environmental science; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01258154574577745,"score_gpt":0.27088539952633184,"score_spread":0.25830385378055437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386802351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95491755,0.0005085321,0.00007681102,0.010014856,0.000087793676,0.0004909613,0.000018697392,0.0026035833,0.031281188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895388,0.00042703305,0.009254084,0.00019214845,0.000003696081,0.00007256428,0.00006632739,0.00001740968,0.0004279579],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989883,0.00009814113,0.00017798413,0.0002651555,0.0002527166,0.00021771489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99736255,0.00024760913,0.000080831705,0.0022415228,0.000020857642,0.000046646303],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033815842,0.00012692797,0.00012642269,0.000074280564,0.00043481035,0.000034494627,0.0013724756,0.00013162091,0.00020987623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018265107,0.00010818928,0.000038018843,0.0008828399,0.00035952355,0.00020776308,0.0007181223,0.000684436,0.0010308961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017819696,0.0021650814,0.63292056,0.00035522753,0.0005408164,0.000071502785,0.009200358,0.016603446,0.113344975,0.02650325,0.12136459,0.076751985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010181362,0.00016937559,0.51261264,0.00007111636,0.00010702677,0.00008908594,0.0017007026,0.08396123,0.01799837,0.005413236,0.37569675,0.0011622973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006458523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020942227,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25433215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013996247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017087166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997469},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387022586","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122106","title":"Design principles and considerations of omniphobic membranes for membrane distillation and contactor","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Contactor; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Surface energy; Fabrication; Microporous material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Desalination; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.05646777005482036,"score_gpt":0.28898559135545643,"score_spread":0.23251782130063609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387022586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947186,0.00014451079,0.0028322614,0.001211445,0.0001840199,0.00046099784,0.00000954602,0.000049211394,0.00038936874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98780036,0.0005038665,0.011479779,0.00004575523,0.000022361895,0.000008574154,8.7446097e-7,0.000009640248,0.00012881066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982171,0.000058463604,0.0006011078,0.00027405508,0.0005899895,0.00025926833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99812406,0.00089566904,0.0005311364,0.0001977689,0.00012051288,0.00013082217],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023135042,0.0001428631,0.00032275208,0.0003156604,0.0003102598,0.000085845844,0.00025925218,0.000068203444,0.00013367916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019056371,0.00011432331,0.000046290123,0.0007110169,0.0013042467,0.00084480713,0.00014042623,0.000108423395,0.0000069309835],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063516665,0.000023653056,0.001346499,0.00010123226,0.000011101136,0.000005476017,0.0006561885,0.00943502,0.9855817,0.0015062039,0.00016167395,0.001107765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011597702,0.0004258575,0.018713027,0.00006838779,0.000049927774,0.00022636165,0.00064829574,0.025310485,0.9484815,0.0037316226,0.0009560185,0.00022876376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013523817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016394266,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03710019,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043639528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000111252295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48055515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387117585","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.111139","title":"Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs): A promising technology for high-strength wastewater treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Anaerobic exercise; Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane reactor; Activated sludge; Anaerobic filter; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Anaerobic digestion; Membrane; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Methane; Biology","score_opus":0.006057017261586394,"score_gpt":0.20580093906521102,"score_spread":0.19974392180362463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387117585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99878716,0.000052013434,0.00021641405,0.00035659768,0.00014381084,0.00024716588,0.000020769297,0.00015925115,0.000016814243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903511,0.000110596906,0.009260306,0.000007896321,0.00003858738,0.000029802299,0.00002099903,0.000040777948,0.00013995211],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986212,0.0000068433133,0.0004721541,0.0002551554,0.00025533504,0.00038927072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941033,0.000073331226,0.00018705182,0.0002221669,0.0000025211693,0.00010462408],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013203043,0.000251225,0.00033419515,0.00023990257,0.000048870475,0.000019649107,0.00029119203,0.00018272598,0.00021796435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006427006,0.00020501649,0.00013819513,0.00032042435,0.00012993609,0.00020575125,0.00013419635,0.00019171227,0.00008104955],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003077518,0.00008567513,0.0002788063,0.000013703613,0.000044577406,0.00002029544,0.000052096886,0.0067067402,0.98972976,0.000014025087,0.00005503167,0.0029685395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009799837,0.00029919535,0.00077706354,0.000029317189,0.00004190657,0.00007232994,0.00008919417,0.0058867508,0.98992395,0.00010944564,0.0015662384,0.00022463311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027697233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7792423e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009043892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068817654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006488468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.836033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387142927","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122121","title":"The influence of temperature on dynamic membrane structure","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane structure; Shrinkage; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006447471202743569,"score_gpt":0.2546995510350003,"score_spread":0.24825207983225672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387142927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967487,0.000031876127,0.000001910096,0.001844008,0.00034985668,0.00014317587,0.0000066428684,0.000048023045,0.0008258099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99880666,0.00028795443,0.00027930274,0.00013615479,0.000021065747,0.0000015443728,4.4184287e-7,0.0000097008815,0.00045719766],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99696314,0.00006431307,0.00058315287,0.0002712919,0.0017109251,0.00040714908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983177,0.0003027773,0.0005879023,0.00055720255,0.000116183604,0.00011823697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019048705,0.0001689286,0.00025060124,0.00027177893,0.00047981917,0.00009305598,0.0019998262,0.00009515083,0.0001521939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013723513,0.000098554265,0.000089878755,0.0029449647,0.0019306503,0.00068805605,0.00025694852,0.00048852345,0.00010865411],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003871442,0.000013126121,0.00033504388,0.000010006714,0.0000052895853,0.000013352248,0.00017034417,0.09391679,0.90330094,0.0002799629,0.00036187764,0.0015545443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047129497,0.00039678512,0.10766931,0.00009519741,0.00001528901,0.00016077224,0.0004989658,0.0017409405,0.8846851,0.0017601689,0.0022844672,0.00022172942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009337222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028037004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10733426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013541518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012796294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71135616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387373667","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2023.09.051","title":"Separation techniques in different configurations of hybrid systems via synergetic adsorption and membrane processes for water treatment: A review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Concentration polarization; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Fouling; Process engineering; Hybrid system; Wastewater; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04690630655477614,"score_gpt":0.2925326695185248,"score_spread":0.24562636296374865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387373667","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010643385,0.9877183,0.00023030538,0.00008661903,0.000110800975,0.0010943279,0.00004159123,0.000050593142,0.00002408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0038687729,0.9957083,0.00003263665,9.527913e-7,0.000109605935,0.00014102476,0.000042756372,0.00001705172,0.00007892645],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988218,0.000016460457,0.0007891001,0.00014251443,0.00011350253,0.000116603944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933916,0.00011228558,0.00039252252,0.00009026442,0.000023794615,0.000041951967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022307935,0.00021662153,0.0009175728,0.000071679846,0.00001735447,0.000021050762,0.00009119604,0.00017357936,0.000013982986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019902889,0.0001328664,0.00008653174,0.00013032884,0.000034408196,0.00011649273,0.000026369295,0.00017469101,5.71186e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007416182,0.0003538703,0.000024023751,0.42002118,0.000630944,0.000035958838,0.00012577875,0.002729608,0.2611994,0.000014370774,0.001440531,0.31335017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011629437,0.0004923096,0.0000017865974,0.13120583,0.0013752582,0.00082539197,0.000028949697,0.0008094417,0.50534934,0.000036040652,0.35794464,0.00076805084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005783611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.2725313e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3565041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013063595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030444655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54181343},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387398696","doi":"10.2166/aqua.2023.127","title":"Effect of granular activated carbon adsorption on mitigating microfiltration membrane fouling by algal organic matter","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AQUA - Water Infrastructure Ecosystems and Society","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Fouling; Microfiltration; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Dissolved organic carbon; Organic matter; Nanofiltration; Powdered activated carbon treatment; Adsorption; Chemistry; Activated carbon; Membrane; Humic acid; Water treatment; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.003380890186267134,"score_gpt":0.202105889800673,"score_spread":0.19872499961440587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387398696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987977,0.000010311361,0.000052243737,0.00012876361,0.00017169824,0.00038856402,0.000017387392,0.00016402543,0.0002692894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99947065,0.00002086335,0.000086710024,0.00006733732,0.000035832054,0.000022007176,0.00015701815,0.000026080843,0.00011352175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986149,0.00012625272,0.0003339651,0.0003626894,0.0002716172,0.00029056935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995087,0.00007284254,0.00013863147,0.00022355736,0.000010374443,0.000045908684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046228623,0.00022547497,0.00028193687,0.00003330759,0.00013520964,0.000048390288,0.00013538446,0.00025122848,0.00039973334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001938842,0.00015752976,0.00008622529,0.0002296408,0.00009875757,0.00018015876,0.00008925591,0.00021256994,0.00009275361],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013027686,0.0000048234715,0.01753215,0.00014641398,0.000022170565,5.427681e-7,0.0009000088,0.0003429798,0.97823596,0.0000023660662,0.0025129532,0.00028662328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044276076,0.0001799456,0.0034832072,0.000038880848,0.000019220972,0.0000066791567,0.00021109128,0.005394303,0.9897663,0.00006465445,0.00022001889,0.00017293126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019406913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010513532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014048943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008539448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003318723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64238775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387765979","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2023.122142","title":"Unleashing the potential of scalable, high-water vapor permeance graphene oxide membranes using electrospun supports","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Permeance; Materials science; Membrane; Oxide; Graphene; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Electrospinning; Composite material; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Polymer; Engineering; Permeation","score_opus":0.011673345841346999,"score_gpt":0.2448407538400719,"score_spread":0.2331674079987249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387765979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966804,0.000058817095,0.0007659354,0.0013916839,0.00053698465,0.00018166089,0.0000028800002,0.0000654505,0.00031622115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99650836,0.00021320049,0.0028475693,0.00011210792,0.00005938555,0.000002352079,0.000001005295,0.000018291405,0.00023774795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959777,0.00010149015,0.00086028484,0.00038547502,0.0019253098,0.00074975524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984366,0.00009628696,0.0006594805,0.00052439986,0.00013554728,0.00014763456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038700835,0.00022419632,0.000392955,0.00041669142,0.00057121355,0.00012738197,0.0017072266,0.0000874244,0.00053862267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000355794,0.00013242573,0.0001725059,0.0024730184,0.0018903378,0.0014371171,0.00042290371,0.00037812506,0.00007858183],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003545607,0.00003105786,0.0010778274,0.00002290289,0.00001157498,0.00005387118,0.00018452492,0.06645277,0.93139356,0.000113497226,0.00014376602,0.00047917748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034254958,0.00011014107,0.014337102,0.000042926444,0.000041305684,0.0004199489,0.00035822453,0.006768441,0.97549635,0.0016155934,0.00028232133,0.0001851094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001597257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018405433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05968433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014091929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013715176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6965028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387779566","doi":"10.4028/p-mdniz9","title":"IWAYS - Recycling of Heat, Water and Material across Multiple Sectors: Ceramic, Chemical and Steel Industry","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in science and technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; National Technical University of Athens; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; European Commission; Università Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Waste management; Raw material; Energy consumption; Ceramic; Flue gas; Environmental science; Efficient energy use; Industrial waste; Tile; Process engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.011940918285023711,"score_gpt":0.2873146452749679,"score_spread":0.2753737269899442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387779566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99894273,0.000079029836,0.000005040624,0.00045279352,0.0000760948,0.000115408395,0.000005943602,0.00013679624,0.00018617106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99889565,0.000471332,0.000567966,0.000019289184,0.0000057672632,0.000015971296,0.00000140287,0.0000043028986,0.000018343935],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988995,0.000007332029,0.00018445839,0.0003993673,0.00016523783,0.0003441086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997059,0.00004040821,0.000032621123,0.00017935208,0.000010471335,0.000031239197],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041085065,0.00009235464,0.0001534652,0.0001587963,0.00012524315,0.000024638763,0.00024581514,0.00022296107,0.000021375618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002298006,0.000071090784,0.000004689028,0.00085630006,0.0036374996,0.00052845094,0.0007846023,0.00019669592,0.0000053273493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007181527,0.0000075347198,0.15000924,0.000010833406,5.419618e-7,0.0000034543918,0.00018435554,0.000036163703,0.82962155,0.0001308527,0.0000054612674,0.019982802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025965442,0.00005462597,0.009153537,0.0000159333,0.0000010638424,0.00002232696,0.0011355827,0.0010710366,0.982039,0.0049761008,0.001161126,0.000110067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003566521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060628678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15241736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003111156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063960106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99907404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387781985","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-42401-4","title":"Anomalous water molecular gating from atomic-scale graphene capillaries for precise and ultrafast molecular sieving","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Zhengzhou University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Chemical physics; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Molecular dynamics; Diffusion; Ion; Nanotechnology; Molecular diffusion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.011218369799987638,"score_gpt":0.2596687831188011,"score_spread":0.24845041331881346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387781985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99256873,0.0011575768,0.0010923264,0.003307182,0.000047952562,0.0004469656,0.000052369374,0.00035731826,0.0009695915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97437835,0.00029957743,0.024588643,0.00023983164,0.000006325035,0.00013788289,0.0002653723,0.000023555189,0.000060490813],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902177,0.00007095991,0.00020901715,0.00028980267,0.00016260757,0.00024587064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835813,0.00024525166,0.00006298934,0.0012602704,0.000023307843,0.000050044047],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020623129,0.00014088528,0.00014651976,0.00006769161,0.00039830126,0.000071297756,0.0008054069,0.00023372393,0.000050251605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020240854,0.00012319795,0.000057870082,0.00030961048,0.00032786644,0.0001500423,0.0007475427,0.00034864762,0.00006940761],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071747772,0.000030003144,0.009899192,0.000008790393,0.000026523361,0.0000020683801,0.0010269706,0.0003866016,0.98396695,0.0016311483,0.0006812296,0.0023333698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044784474,0.000033662873,0.012970841,0.00002857962,0.000052764422,0.00000534667,0.0007204896,0.0072480934,0.9492372,0.013835733,0.015045237,0.00037415212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007768604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033091442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03472967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003908307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059958224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5023867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387849483","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.117463","title":"Nanomaterial-amended anaerobic sludge digestion: Effect of pH as a game changer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Methane; Environmental chemistry; Magnetite; Anaerobic exercise; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03500144798125238,"score_gpt":0.3280090125949026,"score_spread":0.29300756461365024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387849483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932216,0.000040806746,0.0000028773497,0.0003412401,0.00010812606,0.0006725463,0.000019735295,0.00018038698,0.0054127052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99310094,0.00023621495,0.000048957667,0.000018835042,0.00003069767,0.00021146101,0.000053613843,0.000029963052,0.006269315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971026,0.00036064893,0.00025982063,0.0004946254,0.0011629186,0.0006193492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998982,0.0002574625,0.000067225956,0.00057300203,0.0000021808323,0.000118105316],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013802277,0.0001851868,0.00023456907,0.00021597558,0.0001709938,0.00003309184,0.000513017,0.00014711739,0.012307511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019153273,0.00016171942,0.00006964033,0.0007187966,0.0009127749,0.00020971856,0.0009502472,0.00024554654,0.02150189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010317092,0.00006561917,0.0116038425,0.00002262572,0.0000114811355,0.000035164332,0.00026123546,0.00009332324,0.97522455,0.000046347206,0.0016222142,0.010910395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005467476,0.00090452057,0.07985677,0.000016738813,0.000005255515,0.000009317345,0.00017891322,0.00013194875,0.91101104,0.00069468765,0.0064725704,0.00017147619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010391047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009812857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06825292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033704785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008283865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98859537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387852312","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104391","title":"Dissolved air flotation pretreatment for low-pressure membranes in water treatment: A review of fouling mitigation and product water quality","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Flocculation; Dissolved air flotation; Membrane fouling; Coagulation; Water treatment; Environmental science; Water quality; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Sedimentation; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Sewage treatment; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.035084796950974016,"score_gpt":0.3246758436975513,"score_spread":0.2895910467465773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387852312","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.023441413,0.9735739,0.00016701376,0.0002814762,0.00017728396,0.0022615695,0.000017989501,0.00007056937,0.000008789157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009961601,0.98893994,0.0004715854,0.0000073012748,0.000059864502,0.000296162,0.00009653364,0.00005443892,0.00011256269],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99765307,0.00006329516,0.00134892,0.0003164185,0.00030901266,0.00030930067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926883,0.00006483349,0.00035077526,0.00020914854,0.00005563518,0.00005080354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008963441,0.00036121125,0.0013298361,0.00022013,0.00003767397,0.000023400235,0.00021799808,0.00013359007,0.000030245441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121605204,0.00017510059,0.00022944529,0.00014383534,0.000037521793,0.00048358212,0.00006823534,0.00016104971,0.000008577829],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061329214,0.00021472218,0.000053104457,0.8373447,0.0006801319,0.000024463454,0.0039187344,0.03313779,0.017788053,0.000005540937,0.000019846471,0.106751546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015331096,0.00051577913,0.000038923856,0.13142021,0.0020893398,0.000122035875,0.00010718639,0.0012627209,0.7630994,0.00021647837,0.098583475,0.001011346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012828175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044833128,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7453113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018211505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017406033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7140395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387869402","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118566","title":"Nanochannel regulation of graphene quantum dots composite membranes via electrospray assisted self-assembly method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbon","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; China Scholarship Council; China Association for Science and Technology","keywords":"Graphene; Membrane; Materials science; Monomer; Quantum dot; Composite number; Diamine; Covalent bond; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013836289766561065,"score_gpt":0.26034147262018437,"score_spread":0.2465051828536233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387869402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99361694,0.000061898,0.001740069,0.00030445334,0.0001646826,0.00027620178,0.0000025626862,0.0008069381,0.0030262654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959308,0.00004626757,0.00365589,0.000032299973,0.000016067843,0.000031088643,0.000024923675,0.000022379332,0.00024030606],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984725,0.00012945956,0.00032894994,0.00036792213,0.00040023783,0.00030091323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992048,0.00010085562,0.00020412102,0.00041774943,0.000021823422,0.00005061936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046897805,0.00017174767,0.0002582069,0.00016595116,0.0000859949,0.000015941909,0.00027699483,0.00015456331,0.000056246114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043477386,0.0001637602,0.000080914506,0.0013202728,0.000082904524,0.00012908656,0.00012341008,0.000108362205,0.00008352164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020211917,0.000034906094,0.0017514434,0.00003070061,0.000020239642,0.0000030757717,0.00014308184,0.0017106496,0.99421126,0.00032474034,0.00016452304,0.001585161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023962173,0.00008167365,0.08268856,0.000011010468,0.00002728186,0.000007830118,0.000035614205,0.05988198,0.8538239,0.0028356346,0.00019754094,0.00016935829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020708375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037287173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14038737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089627414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009650212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6677947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387998362","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104432","title":"High perm-selectivity and performance of tuned nanofiltration membranes by merging carbon nitride derivatives as interphase layer for efficient water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Polyamide; Thin-film composite membrane; Interfacial polymerization; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Graphitic carbon nitride; Sodium sulfate; Chemistry; Sodium; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Polymer; Photocatalysis","score_opus":0.008796970349472103,"score_gpt":0.2311739587614952,"score_spread":0.2223769884120231,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387998362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99863577,0.000038639773,0.00085700315,0.00016014882,0.000075118776,0.00017211639,0.0000025682798,0.00004755628,0.000011092287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994922,0.000058647212,0.00030909915,0.0000047367876,0.000018741763,0.000025818876,0.000004756882,0.0000150443575,0.000070945454],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999156,0.000010507406,0.00029793585,0.00013665987,0.0001877061,0.0002111743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973696,0.000033462664,0.000089694695,0.000070073045,0.000032103817,0.00003771191],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002396119,0.00013799495,0.00021556986,0.00013480286,0.000052965035,0.000020863534,0.0001019078,0.000044777124,0.000016888169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003421702,0.00008304499,0.000038297938,0.00012091046,0.000037263755,0.00028360367,0.00003341693,0.00006308795,0.0000018946303],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082252234,0.000029670287,0.00052456826,0.00011418323,0.000023233883,0.0000017203492,0.0016062765,0.17098726,0.8261254,0.0000012597263,0.0000031583725,0.000501033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004767041,0.0004107581,0.00023562441,0.000037337228,0.000018669713,0.000018555713,0.00011944837,0.07012483,0.9283848,0.00002078441,0.000053015694,0.00009948312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021792406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011395897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10225941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082658626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006630543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33864763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388026987","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4617743","title":"A Two-Phase Sharp-Interface Numerical Model of Falling Film Thermal Desalination in a Vertical Channel","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Falling (accident); Channel (broadcasting); Thermal; Materials science; Desalination; Mechanics; Interface (matter); Phase (matter); Computer science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Bubble; Telecommunications; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03348819379420908,"score_gpt":0.3114763285408135,"score_spread":0.2779881347466044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388026987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8026141,0.00029683433,0.19565375,0.00064466265,0.00012183787,0.0002785384,0.000008438303,0.000108042186,0.0002737796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979828,0.0007170582,0.0008460785,0.00002170062,0.000041894793,0.000035377325,0.000010333231,0.000042247004,0.00030251918],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966719,0.00012138604,0.00068099576,0.0004634318,0.0005525848,0.0015096813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992664,0.000064392676,0.00025223027,0.00032233162,0.000024227042,0.000070441056],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015789564,0.0002758013,0.000393167,0.00020658721,0.000070241535,0.000038259306,0.0007839895,0.0002887061,0.000095929696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023503734,0.00025991592,0.00015921878,0.00028409416,0.0001342645,0.00018093573,0.0006881836,0.0035208068,0.000110005385],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014175444,0.0002105105,0.00024317576,0.000016709531,0.000048570957,0.0000056463796,0.00041337463,0.9727702,0.018888474,0.0029107472,0.000021755272,0.004329043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096249353,0.00019319751,0.00017401078,0.00007314159,0.000024838757,0.000025889227,0.00042105667,0.8504916,0.010241348,0.13714935,0.000002037619,0.0002410637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002735159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068949186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19536868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017300063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000553357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388202891","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25121","title":"Porous cenosphere ceramic microfiltration membrane: Preparation, characterization, permeability evaluation, and cost estimation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sintering; Membrane; Materials science; Thermogravimetric analysis; Ceramic; Ceramic membrane; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Chemical engineering; Cenosphere; Microfiltration; Composite material; Fly ash; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011126182210077823,"score_gpt":0.22995279538159114,"score_spread":0.2188266131715133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388202891","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972417,0.000027176333,0.0008547476,0.0013210257,0.00011603549,0.00028624767,0.0000061904925,0.00004518962,0.000101716876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99941313,0.0000057691627,0.000384471,0.000046247347,0.000038603608,0.000013241956,0.000042838357,0.0000111499685,0.00004453992],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907506,0.00003204061,0.0003226309,0.00012204413,0.00026846238,0.00017974776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943155,0.000059656668,0.00013824373,0.0001590616,0.00007735797,0.00013415303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007256412,0.000100425015,0.00011340049,0.00006190892,0.00012435265,0.00008173572,0.00018488626,0.00007963308,0.00031293306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007199745,0.00008454482,0.000025341145,0.00038748278,0.00011522935,0.00032492218,0.000018821504,0.00015927495,0.000036512247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007893381,0.000004575215,0.0017903441,0.000017129578,0.000012625275,0.0000026635748,0.00083098706,0.16118921,0.83035505,0.00013891283,0.00068168726,0.0049689105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042962763,0.000036056084,0.03483047,0.000036106703,0.00005128972,0.00014732959,0.000056245146,0.5344826,0.42764643,0.0007699101,0.0012693852,0.0002445522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038487656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034591864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40270865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033591478,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013316986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3447638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388205974","doi":"10.1007/s13399-023-05020-z","title":"Integrated attached and suspended biomass moving bed membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment: performance and biokinetic study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Biomass (ecology); Bioreactor; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Environmental engineering; Moving bed biofilm reactor; Membrane reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Membrane; Engineering; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.03303362755496549,"score_gpt":0.2576772462779402,"score_spread":0.2246436187229747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388205974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981697,0.00006167382,0.0000013192638,0.0004868775,0.00010460149,0.0007542466,0.000040309948,0.00027857063,0.00010267589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998656,0.0002464268,0.00018678122,0.000026058613,0.000013116713,0.000061397215,0.00008894563,0.00002061974,0.0007006607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985737,0.000052315056,0.00027039493,0.0005769605,0.00017577509,0.0003508462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939734,0.00010178478,0.00009371353,0.0002714878,0.000011467866,0.0001241917],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002382412,0.00029690162,0.00029541293,0.00024791074,0.00024745567,0.00007927649,0.00014200502,0.0001549995,0.00014479252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034210712,0.00020779933,0.000039620758,0.00048560865,0.0003966584,0.00021128611,0.00031007413,0.00005794741,0.000045554378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021247944,0.0001226883,0.12539212,0.000078266174,0.000052010084,0.00001414578,0.00065564184,5.003679e-7,0.86624193,0.000009093976,0.0003125886,0.0069085485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0061372747,0.0022914172,0.13022022,0.000039955714,0.00013533194,0.000025822235,0.005536978,0.017406449,0.8280755,0.000022088416,0.009415149,0.0006938023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045403405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011034061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0381664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066624416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000086318405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84738106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388262934","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117095","title":"Advanced structures of reversal multi-stage flash desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Energy recovery; Energy consumption; Thermal energy; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Energy (signal processing); Chemistry; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.03968329635786061,"score_gpt":0.315493444819384,"score_spread":0.2758101484615234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388262934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99062437,0.000009873168,0.006208871,0.00021357805,0.0001599744,0.00027982003,0.000015512333,0.0004351911,0.0020528156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98366946,0.000025835669,0.013363438,0.000028992403,0.00000941573,0.000022252281,0.00008617893,0.000013472259,0.002780946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898064,0.00004723568,0.0002559141,0.00022913105,0.00033227232,0.00015478543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994915,0.000057876903,0.00017003008,0.00022504748,0.000028587101,0.000026973568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003031411,0.00009926704,0.00010926147,0.00013788245,0.00007291178,0.000012965301,0.0001910013,0.00010303083,0.00035235987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003904084,0.000098694676,0.00003657733,0.0006929408,0.00011631919,0.00033394815,0.00009453682,0.000078177225,0.0004608632],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004738735,0.000084203355,0.019452352,0.00007438246,0.000017594495,0.000006870155,0.0011367825,0.07186228,0.7859544,0.019374335,0.0037105158,0.0982789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000939994,0.00008992207,0.29813465,0.000014212223,0.0000117983955,0.000001478413,0.00037911738,0.057049956,0.6313169,0.004894717,0.006910389,0.0002568375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003126829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007720577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27868232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009793029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007965018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59236175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388373744","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127887","title":"A review on chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites for applications in environmental remediation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Taizhou University","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Chitosan; Nanocomposite; Environmentally friendly; Hazardous waste; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Oxide; Materials science; Biocompatibility; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Adsorption; Waste management; Metal; Chemistry; Contamination; Metallurgy; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05025628360526018,"score_gpt":0.34395908678478887,"score_spread":0.2937028031795287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388373744","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010646217,0.99599826,0.0004471934,0.00027757793,0.00023844854,0.0015107845,0.00021601278,0.00004965215,0.00019744095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006400091,0.99679655,0.0015261286,0.00023295528,0.00011142133,0.0003249569,0.00031628998,0.000025370064,0.000026316195],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99761546,0.00015720655,0.0012171076,0.0003643392,0.00043754085,0.00020836938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980092,0.00059150404,0.0011304427,0.00019145447,0.000013999933,0.000063366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004357888,0.0003142034,0.0009136973,0.00026179617,0.000043710148,0.000030915362,0.0011556238,0.00025514944,0.00013236966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004752706,0.00021084883,0.00056872726,0.00025934054,0.00017054105,0.000089226894,0.0002455127,0.0003606777,0.00021916715],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046227753,0.00046582788,0.00016869491,0.0015791012,0.0002695566,0.00007364692,0.0000135458895,0.00004751732,0.0051010028,0.0004887209,0.001248282,0.9904979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031947868,0.00032608164,0.00021422886,0.009586756,0.00014216322,0.00014096862,0.00001871624,0.0000071215336,0.001055814,0.0012542569,0.9865669,0.00036749258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034464606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030004612,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99013036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027090113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002638075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85981655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388408522","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.3c00564","title":"A Critical Assessment of Surface-Patterned Membranes and Their Role in Advancing Membrane Technologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; Research Institute Centers, New York University Abu Dhabi; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Electrodialysis; Materials science; Permeation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.011544320058211434,"score_gpt":0.2719848967961075,"score_spread":0.26044057673789606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388408522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953558,0.00004927139,0.00004138342,0.002647449,0.00004749337,0.00020213387,0.0000062469153,0.0004731703,0.0011770582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988058,0.00016362879,0.0007636503,0.000048645652,0.00000349618,0.00003013288,0.000007876932,0.000016043601,0.00016068637],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867654,0.00003782274,0.0002975866,0.00035874775,0.00020902762,0.00042029136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940735,0.00016240908,0.000036032678,0.0003564988,0.000009764441,0.000027932407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043216295,0.00017166216,0.00026396132,0.00012369429,0.00006054281,0.000027768683,0.00030237267,0.00014193373,0.0002930701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013449973,0.000114121496,0.000029309944,0.00031746092,0.00040743008,0.0003169841,0.0006019459,0.00017415342,0.00011093137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007946819,0.00003474788,0.04333831,0.0000655635,0.0000064879323,0.000012380849,0.0005933484,0.001708779,0.9505277,0.00020352888,0.000064970285,0.0034361808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024615525,0.000055476492,0.013824616,0.000026872152,0.0000042158076,0.000006255348,0.0021932502,0.003820283,0.97502303,0.0039667417,0.00066553254,0.00016755301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012023813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014537947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029513694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050271527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056372783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46537396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388485691","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.111450","title":"Revolutionizing water purification: Unleashing graphene oxide (GO) membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Membrane; Portable water purification; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.009390552593447607,"score_gpt":0.19412038689061323,"score_spread":0.1847298342971656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388485691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980064,0.000118397846,0.0008956736,0.00035653156,0.00013457013,0.00007593598,0.000002155305,0.00013861831,0.00027172727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958056,0.00015470921,0.0037513666,0.00003287777,0.00007383946,0.000005951069,0.000008042865,0.000026603331,0.00014098317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985156,0.000013352652,0.00048107796,0.00019350206,0.00047337482,0.00032306838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995017,0.00005081719,0.00012495635,0.00020613873,0.0000030544786,0.00011330908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033857336,0.00016860456,0.00020412085,0.00012103592,0.000066710316,0.000027557817,0.0003502974,0.000106313855,0.00064724544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008467076,0.0001380468,0.00012662778,0.00024540754,0.000102670085,0.0004366862,0.00019589058,0.00030174077,0.0005664233],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007861297,0.000023752247,0.0010363631,0.000015150308,0.000015876716,0.00001908921,0.00008400975,0.036039498,0.9619993,0.00002235768,0.00029201357,0.00044470586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027076827,0.000022913462,0.0065338477,0.00002855655,0.000019434669,0.00011665198,0.00009041978,0.0042950814,0.98235565,0.00017524447,0.005881788,0.00020962984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021394933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.112773e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031744417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025389795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000265566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7280414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388572773","doi":"10.1016/j.rsurfi.2023.100159","title":"Enhancing the hemocompatibility of polyethersulfone (PES) hemodialysis membranes using synthesized pseudo zwittronic polymers with various orientations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Surfaces and Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Polymer; Coating; Nanoparticle; Surface modification; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.020457656677171785,"score_gpt":0.2687048473099288,"score_spread":0.248247190632757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388572773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99792737,0.00022084749,0.00015524431,0.00049581414,0.00005211888,0.0003074601,0.000023071098,0.00009041648,0.0007276419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981785,0.00023787808,0.0013332493,0.000014273318,0.0000046396194,0.000011026671,0.0000040138925,0.0000122308975,0.0002042028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834305,0.00015462974,0.00050821766,0.0004038577,0.00030551216,0.00028475726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987032,0.00061454985,0.00024583674,0.00038702332,0.0000142655745,0.00003513935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008454036,0.00017677812,0.00030795654,0.000106336236,0.0001694663,0.000044577624,0.00029700645,0.000070510876,0.0001766413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023688961,0.00011315075,0.00003667799,0.0010172976,0.00062187325,0.00024493347,0.00018151104,0.00013866821,0.000018871013],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006765485,0.00010702902,0.017646687,0.00008751857,0.00010403535,0.0000048092097,0.011724015,0.15995213,0.803198,0.000051262246,0.000043991477,0.0064039766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011359648,0.00017571672,0.019113813,0.00011425621,0.000056959307,0.0000067193387,0.015184359,0.048177596,0.9153587,0.0002304074,0.00015307571,0.00029242964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039715734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031869877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1121607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007962184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024534424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6003857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388610697","doi":"10.1016/j.mseb.2023.116966","title":"Development of high performance thin-film (nano) composite membranes for forward osmosis desalination applications- a review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials Science and Engineering B","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"King Saud University; Mepco Schlenk Engineering College","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Forward osmosis; Materials science; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Polyamide; Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Fouling; Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.03109922992328003,"score_gpt":0.27739832728247943,"score_spread":0.2462990973591994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388610697","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0108498465,0.98107153,0.0029710876,0.000050946135,0.0003858941,0.004069928,0.000081615886,0.00045579876,0.00006336366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005033041,0.9802505,0.017665964,0.000013868479,0.000017047114,0.0014184047,0.000051077117,0.00002591846,0.000053956872],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982894,0.000010984763,0.0006519986,0.00040474974,0.00038467412,0.00025821017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927515,0.00006369031,0.0002842511,0.00029286573,0.000037732916,0.000046341716],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001379388,0.0002373204,0.0007397448,0.0001642723,0.00019537554,0.000063313615,0.0005295903,0.000097530945,0.00003692365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011274792,0.00019358666,0.000041622323,0.0008269745,0.00018214794,0.00024455966,0.00025749044,0.00004907829,0.00007667156],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035606718,0.000030548348,0.0000016037754,0.27297437,0.000039147053,3.8108433e-7,0.00012361158,0.0012760424,0.04387087,0.00047692575,0.00021545355,0.6809875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009914488,0.000032647466,0.000048133355,0.01637481,0.00017786367,0.000010296078,0.000007384494,0.0006242296,0.08762604,0.00003250889,0.89443374,0.00053318613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000071709524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.0254576e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8942183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014712666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000773412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7894235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388723690","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2023.2284688","title":"Concept and analysis of hybrid reversal multi-stage flash and membrane distillation desalination system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"King Saud University","keywords":"Desalination; Brine; Distillation; Seawater; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Chemistry; Process engineering; Environmental science; Membrane; Chromatography; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014746374890888076,"score_gpt":0.2476199726566366,"score_spread":0.23287359776574854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388723690","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971516,0.00007953904,0.0016041796,0.00016771519,0.000032179913,0.00025246153,0.000099494406,0.00040970856,0.00020312356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972734,0.00015524703,0.0018399003,0.000009362201,0.000002579566,0.00002271533,0.00010840667,0.000012586485,0.0005758431],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988786,0.000035690657,0.00028771968,0.00040778142,0.00019937132,0.00019081454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994444,0.000050705305,0.00017263174,0.00029329179,0.0000016759622,0.00003727148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000170622,0.0001468378,0.00027532686,0.00042606232,0.000101004,0.000009247601,0.00014622296,0.00012959275,0.00018571429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048403414,0.00014904005,0.000038094444,0.0008278238,0.0009112189,0.00014093136,0.0003628446,0.00010487407,0.00009762949],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022842067,0.000080088,0.38941392,0.00005361274,0.00027898312,0.000037042835,0.00045696966,0.007250472,0.5740726,0.0029107793,0.00013385717,0.025288813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010219401,0.00016766055,0.3817063,0.000017749775,0.00036956454,0.000030573043,0.0025813808,0.18329565,0.42865238,0.00016677282,0.0015688181,0.0004211889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023663544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019758028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1760452,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013393744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016640163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60776764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388807264","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125769","title":"Performance of biological ion exchange resin and gravity-driven ceramic membrane hybrid process for surface water treatment","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Microfiltration; Membrane; Ceramic membrane; Turbidity; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Water treatment; Effluent; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Chemistry; Extracellular polymeric substance; Chemical engineering; Ion exchange; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Ion; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.034248966845300904,"score_gpt":0.2946386188412799,"score_spread":0.26038965199597897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388807264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99565834,0.00006065673,0.00015990627,0.0028116785,0.000039599432,0.000741715,0.000019875995,0.00035665324,0.00015158429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973764,0.0012577197,0.00039475953,0.000024809537,0.000008093302,0.00018364974,0.00014983163,0.00000903475,0.00059570896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990251,0.000031324722,0.0002605143,0.00037659146,0.000098707,0.00020775505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995631,0.00003650019,0.00010756236,0.00023547406,0.000027995304,0.000029374509],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001995425,0.00013853378,0.00019203365,0.00016131627,0.00017254839,0.000013449552,0.00012618868,0.00017986205,0.00006786038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030121284,0.0001023859,0.000020875503,0.0003276604,0.00038154543,0.00018036035,0.000056145334,0.00006044761,0.00007154177],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010281313,0.00006923069,0.013393954,0.00007794964,0.00001277746,6.368952e-7,0.00045837447,0.0009222447,0.96887296,0.0010937421,0.00024701798,0.014748298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046922662,0.0005450403,0.004914678,0.000006556441,0.0000105127565,0.000009866712,0.00017800317,0.01394362,0.9722102,0.0018193612,0.0057503604,0.00014253255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010851247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012346492,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014605765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041138293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000715124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4175176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389108015","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117196","title":"Spray-coated porous photothermal layer on PTFE membranes for robust anti-scaling and solar membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"King Abdulaziz University; Science and Technology Development Fund; Nebraska Academy of Sciences; United States Agency for International Development; National Academy of Sciences; Fulbright Association; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Membrane; Coating; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Desalination; Vinyl alcohol; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Nanofiltration; Porosity; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.035779491669627,"score_gpt":0.2692314658312597,"score_spread":0.23345197416163266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389108015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933391,0.000016179441,0.003093116,0.0007298324,0.00014494541,0.000609738,0.000022945349,0.00059039734,0.0014537536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99767184,0.00006306704,0.001313916,0.000113481416,0.00003942363,0.00006477558,0.00016107006,0.000030850315,0.00054159685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878913,0.000044891087,0.00025010237,0.0003771136,0.0002926053,0.00024614698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994533,0.00015268456,0.00012756938,0.00019897507,0.000023076973,0.000044365668],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047288506,0.00016033657,0.00015899795,0.0001368906,0.00023073569,0.000063206535,0.0001233395,0.00015083603,0.00018001233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023792365,0.00015234454,0.00003663643,0.00043460334,0.00009614872,0.0002972537,0.000054075394,0.0000874979,0.00023109339],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014396876,0.00010168081,0.0066170734,0.00019395952,0.00003134888,0.000010628693,0.00081173005,0.14171962,0.8206548,0.0016442931,0.0011985372,0.026872326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094978756,0.0001132653,0.043740723,0.00002853066,0.00002720227,0.0000071684303,0.00016852439,0.2451074,0.70488167,0.0005974927,0.004023645,0.00035460215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004193111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039562394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11577317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007151059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005870643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.621243},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389192120","doi":"10.22215/etd/2023-15680","title":"Investigation of Ceramic Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning Mechanisms Using Novel Surfactant-Based Cleaning Solutions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dodecylbenzene; Pulmonary surfactant; Cleaning agent; Contact angle; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ceramic membrane; Surface tension; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Biofouling; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Wetting; Chromatography; Sulfonate; Materials science; Sodium; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.05889441163231046,"score_gpt":0.2692717913650311,"score_spread":0.21037737973272064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389192120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9567892,0.000009616293,0.035772428,0.00007021188,0.0006229488,0.0007122752,0.00003904417,0.0008867566,0.005097534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.968133,0.000017075652,0.028376723,0.000054838147,0.000020610456,0.000029569075,0.0013864131,0.00009964041,0.0018821553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971685,0.000073500596,0.00085834396,0.0006580557,0.00079769845,0.00044390198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984331,0.00017710241,0.00077620643,0.00046920133,0.00006209453,0.000082311846],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058984023,0.000403651,0.00043321744,0.00034216171,0.0003755501,0.00006786577,0.00040818064,0.00055751856,0.00094030297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002646527,0.00043639058,0.00014952918,0.0010571955,0.00015585076,0.00043734993,0.000057236473,0.0003955001,0.00020107075],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024207726,0.00001952663,0.00012283088,0.00010422803,0.000021128777,8.1863766e-7,0.00035474813,0.0502878,0.94608563,0.0025103258,0.000083133615,0.00038560867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033438846,0.00007278616,0.002460021,0.0001956929,0.00009198741,0.0000024777905,0.002746032,0.10710105,0.8853432,0.0011808283,0.00000931165,0.00046221958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015441662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022956887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06074244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034883354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013838563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389333596","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104633","title":"Single and ensemble explainable machine learning-based prediction of membrane flux in the reverse osmosis process","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund; Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Ensemble forecasting; Ensemble learning; Desalination; Computer science; Boosting (machine learning); Process (computing); Process engineering; Engineering; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013274060191357294,"score_gpt":0.21324852283415946,"score_spread":0.19997446264280216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389333596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985591,0.00003675064,0.0007704622,0.0003363454,0.00004021806,0.00010130818,0.0000011897367,0.00005141147,0.0001031852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99961704,0.000022585376,0.00021456523,0.000013797738,0.000013448639,0.000009802615,0.00000338333,0.000011124456,0.00009422532],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908745,0.000021934506,0.00030756163,0.00010297797,0.0003046858,0.0001754016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997128,0.000042908334,0.000112758156,0.000081357575,0.000024326211,0.0000258014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006608861,0.00009497282,0.00015373924,0.00017501986,0.000044160464,0.000021556612,0.00019462749,0.000051270585,0.00004931328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001488314,0.000059796417,0.00002645957,0.00041408694,0.000036143378,0.00033730853,0.00003152797,0.00021816057,0.000006396026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021146838,0.000035479945,0.0048197834,0.00021328653,0.0000060914986,0.00001648651,0.002188366,0.7584994,0.2338842,0.0000011339662,0.000051522788,0.00026313664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045011297,0.00020713377,0.0018202559,0.00009541411,0.000013950993,0.000042021642,0.0008271305,0.10853203,0.887229,0.00007394357,0.0006253686,0.00008359172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010757059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003499392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65334487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038496524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069475054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2438427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389427312","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117195","title":"A non-substrate-specific technique of antifouling and antiwetting Janus membrane fabrication for membrane distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Janus; Membrane distillation; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Wetting; Materials science; Desalination; Fouling; Emulsion; Fabrication; Interfacial polymerization; Contact angle; Substrate (aquarium); Polymer; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Monomer","score_opus":0.025009447631082666,"score_gpt":0.2713263165707771,"score_spread":0.24631686893969443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389427312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92785245,0.000019842295,0.06949609,0.0002676632,0.00008245129,0.0009942019,0.000013421221,0.00029108603,0.0009827983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900667,0.0001170582,0.009398061,0.000009103723,0.000025713804,0.0001380354,0.0001379801,0.00001814042,0.00008921244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887663,0.000026110209,0.00036083235,0.0003210291,0.00023818274,0.00017720381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932444,0.00013707808,0.00024937856,0.0002065738,0.000053709657,0.000028822513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007168362,0.000121968704,0.00016032891,0.00018122578,0.00014278288,0.000031605836,0.00012458429,0.0001282827,0.000035071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020183317,0.00012599751,0.00003687943,0.0007636608,0.00011898312,0.00031645066,0.000057031255,0.00006952045,0.00003431994],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019784145,0.000018706354,0.004456419,0.00008415365,0.0000045090082,5.9463997e-7,0.0002470813,0.0027852186,0.9771529,0.0009490829,0.00014866928,0.014132876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003079239,0.000052027768,0.07385801,0.00003238482,0.0000101741625,0.0000029015462,0.00014579252,0.0644732,0.8587671,0.0014273967,0.0007692155,0.00015389863],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022078315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008294645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11838583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000064473124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5138029},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389474762","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104649","title":"Lindane removal by membrane nanofiltration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerio de Universidades; Universidad de Zaragoza; Gobierno de Aragón; European Commission","keywords":"Permeance; Lindane; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Pesticide; Permeation","score_opus":0.007845212942554941,"score_gpt":0.2199711822287683,"score_spread":0.21212596928621336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389474762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99646556,0.000028686949,0.0022130497,0.0004991419,0.00019290269,0.000053987183,9.4105116e-7,0.00014846734,0.00039723376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978882,0.000042299474,0.0012552786,0.000020986716,0.00005402676,0.0000031089612,0.0000044073686,0.00001538888,0.0007163216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990878,0.000006840796,0.00029311728,0.00009612026,0.00031892737,0.00019717589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975157,0.000014599055,0.000080420046,0.00008781671,0.000017505416,0.00004806888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032773215,0.00009312493,0.00012782088,0.00010211582,0.00003666685,0.00003110328,0.00022209363,0.00006012061,0.00021811732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000062024046,0.00006597586,0.00003727494,0.00026231472,0.000021707889,0.00042655677,0.000040623745,0.00014372446,0.00019816765],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074432446,0.000009160211,0.00011640801,0.000031244537,0.000007977939,0.000033697386,0.00035660205,0.11640836,0.8808327,0.0000045264023,0.0013067642,0.000885163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018028151,0.000049886094,0.00013226837,0.000018971608,0.000006341259,0.00015460652,0.00005681397,0.009654426,0.98086303,0.00008141958,0.008702413,0.00009952953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022117026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.8713116e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10675394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004684456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005042164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26904175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389504481","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2023.29729","title":"Evaluating the production and exergetic performance of point-of-use reverse osmosis devices for brackish water desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brackish water; Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Production (economics); Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Economics; Geology; Oceanography; Salinity","score_opus":0.06276297368869511,"score_gpt":0.31446634839610993,"score_spread":0.25170337470741483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389504481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99732596,0.000013529473,0.000042771127,0.0017680817,0.000058327576,0.00071925373,0.0000043329874,0.000047551683,0.000020180372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974849,0.0001553297,0.0012861997,0.000024426947,0.000008068659,0.00018464749,0.00004863684,0.000007418611,0.00080033106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992745,0.000046388595,0.00021345587,0.0001942603,0.00015199372,0.00011942716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968016,0.00006072945,0.00007246128,0.0001340784,0.00003773076,0.000014855802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048190056,0.000089463734,0.000101602156,0.000063811596,0.0001450329,0.00002163837,0.00004654254,0.000039032002,0.000029214129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079287725,0.000045991717,0.000022819917,0.00009987531,0.00011614228,0.00039847306,0.00004707184,0.000019268142,0.000013340326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022294087,0.00019550665,0.08798448,0.0002715982,0.00007883285,5.451694e-7,0.01043787,0.006373758,0.77230734,0.00033742606,0.00030749704,0.12148223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032888254,0.00049287593,0.041161936,0.000026429449,0.00005411159,0.0000023887926,0.00027336838,0.013700389,0.9430845,0.0003336399,0.00046338505,0.00007814498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005411713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002625688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17077713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048922877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026379255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18754877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389608949","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117220","title":"Integrating radical polymerization and non-solvent induced phase inversion strategy for functionalized ultrafiltration membrane fabrication","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Interfacial polymerization; Chemical engineering; Radical polymerization; Polymerization; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Membrane fouling; Fouling; Biofouling; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Monomer; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography; Composite material","score_opus":0.0362892157968296,"score_gpt":0.3043557807273403,"score_spread":0.26806656493051073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389608949","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89664304,0.000007997312,0.10045839,0.0009147766,0.00017373399,0.00078950246,0.000012139188,0.0003651745,0.0006352565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99667525,0.0000370691,0.0016979676,0.00008891019,0.000055665176,0.00019085893,0.0010170822,0.000017460794,0.00021975991],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998751,0.000059881117,0.00032626704,0.0003599101,0.00031833237,0.00018460315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994281,0.00012846949,0.00018672779,0.00015087814,0.000046646164,0.000059203365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044871832,0.00014289709,0.00012967491,0.0001808047,0.0002485383,0.000066237175,0.000101842765,0.00015754293,0.00022532683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004248547,0.00014225137,0.000038885206,0.0007211025,0.000087867425,0.00058415503,0.00003571753,0.00009509057,0.00008370385],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007452545,0.00007237379,0.00054273824,0.000023539771,0.000008233194,4.1860974e-7,0.0003885812,0.0012852299,0.9156529,0.0018499298,0.0007492878,0.07935225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026950296,0.0004525548,0.013033313,0.000023864786,0.000033688782,0.000003458037,0.0007791426,0.45820048,0.52076805,0.0024595198,0.0012530426,0.00029783364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057899364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023750568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45691526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013610425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020987378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58008426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618972","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_1","title":"Solar Energy Systems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Variety (cybernetics); Architectural engineering; Energy storage; Environmental science; Engineering physics; Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.023692848700963328,"score_gpt":0.21190848432955306,"score_spread":0.18821563562858973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618972","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000031968987,0.000052742118,0.00064446975,0.000100942576,0.00035113073,0.00009694562,0.000008017504,0.000919529,0.997823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001408275,0.00027469208,0.000089626476,0.00008555386,0.000040709518,0.000015309086,0.00002130875,0.0000458171,0.9980187],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895847,0.0000051419897,0.0002094286,0.00033799768,0.00032923126,0.00015975781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993705,0.000031807547,0.0000941346,0.00045958746,0.0000036810648,0.000040255753],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008379685,0.00019005373,0.00019404688,0.000060128426,0.0000533188,0.00003256244,0.00033177258,0.0003451871,0.010136106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011674911,0.00016328866,0.00006112338,0.000030819632,0.00013418279,0.000059985363,0.00031535912,0.00013186992,0.026596682],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016671637,0.0000033285892,0.000009835036,0.0000145647045,0.000024861723,0.000032072072,0.000009279982,0.0006297457,0.00025946257,0.71533275,0.27704737,0.006635086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000359518,0.00002181567,0.0000064885353,0.0000186329,0.000008680016,0.0000053775325,0.000010197108,0.0005204698,0.00048371553,0.019923324,0.97872037,0.0002449839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002929749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000181732,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.701673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009495998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058768132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9907688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389663252","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.3c07644","title":"CO<sub>2</sub>-Responsive Low Molecular Weight Polymer with High Osmotic Pressure as a Draw Solute for Forward Osmosis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Osmosis; Polymer; Aqueous solution; Branching (polymer chemistry); Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Viscosity; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.006368205193959009,"score_gpt":0.22585635257779393,"score_spread":0.21948814738383493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389663252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943044,0.000108508626,0.0007985913,0.0024101692,0.000106612744,0.00083380105,0.000055621724,0.0005235997,0.00085869693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99524724,0.000050213657,0.00046276214,0.0006093296,0.000023653723,0.0002960064,0.000050732528,0.000056021225,0.0032040605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980136,0.000054734173,0.00023841257,0.0005861239,0.0005265193,0.00058060343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988962,0.00018898175,0.00012992839,0.0006458327,0.00002565304,0.00011343539],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019916554,0.00027221892,0.00027314847,0.0001441268,0.00023186105,0.000069121605,0.0005044621,0.00018344042,0.00010277834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017645258,0.0002326129,0.00008803874,0.00075855776,0.0003254637,0.0003084745,0.00018667454,0.0001600417,0.0017928674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020386647,0.000056233217,0.0008471989,0.000044573047,0.00013111118,0.00005748292,0.0002457976,0.0015783528,0.97129834,0.0015211474,0.022095546,0.0019203366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007137535,0.00029134142,0.0028551822,0.000023519131,0.00008244165,0.000011771703,0.00008870468,0.00030553841,0.98585695,0.0024317645,0.0070097237,0.00032930134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007941425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056109497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015085823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007031762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004677543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99898434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389705002","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2023.148028","title":"Unveiling the impact of monomer reactivity on the morphology and functionality of thin-film composite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Polyamide; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Contact angle; Methyl orange; Permeation; Fouling; Monomer; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Polymer; Organic chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Catalysis; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017864155244140856,"score_gpt":0.2425605585792143,"score_spread":0.22469640333507343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389705002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988113,0.000032172542,0.00037717505,0.00042373393,0.000041943134,0.00004827002,0.0000031984414,0.000033278586,0.00022889447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997531,0.00002853582,0.0001600225,0.000011500947,0.000019569843,0.0000023219545,9.26976e-7,0.0000054108846,0.000018606068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994397,0.000020971214,0.00016855038,0.00008751325,0.00016560366,0.000117643925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993454,0.0003772283,0.000090223744,0.00014835026,0.000009019098,0.000029764375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043998542,0.00007818177,0.00012171165,0.000029110524,0.000050755378,0.000009099623,0.00017367466,0.000055336437,0.00021613522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023921476,0.000041342755,0.00006786168,0.00020081652,0.00017636307,0.000057637233,0.00008884795,0.00032093757,0.000012963473],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014348591,0.000011935826,0.001505235,0.000005339054,0.000018020113,0.0000011127194,0.000053266624,0.21555765,0.7823164,0.000049204802,0.000328859,0.00013862089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014628473,0.000040759944,0.088715166,0.000016147656,0.000008871293,0.00007690932,0.00003954907,0.09083659,0.8195699,0.000407518,0.00006924317,0.00007307889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026309917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.713989e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12472105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043717155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006007644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23665291},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389848225","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.126071","title":"Superhydrophobic polyether sulfone (PES) dialysis membrane with enhanced hemocompatibility and reduced human serum protein interactions: Ex vivo, in situ synchrotron imaging, experimental, and computational studies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Rural Health Research Society; Toronto Metropolitan University; St. Paul's Hospital; Saskatchewan Hospital; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Ex vivo; In situ; Dialysis; Synchrotron; Membrane; In vivo; Sulfone; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Medicine; Surgery; Biochemistry; Engineering; Biology; Optics","score_opus":0.018371216387722267,"score_gpt":0.3148754156575302,"score_spread":0.2965041992698079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389848225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994663,0.00035625588,0.00041612663,0.0029037467,0.000022792994,0.000887655,0.0000042913907,0.00038796553,0.00035818722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979444,0.00010458673,0.0010228798,0.000049691313,0.0000074493955,0.00038678196,0.00003443598,0.00001524681,0.00043452854],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99845916,0.00009797012,0.000394794,0.0006400331,0.00018932461,0.00021871434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993983,0.00005645142,0.00016985684,0.00029712165,0.000034173743,0.000044087017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028072833,0.00021238122,0.00028119294,0.00043805715,0.00026917562,0.000053743002,0.00011550074,0.00010902166,0.00013007803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000063248735,0.00019696046,0.000016601618,0.0009062306,0.0008146922,0.00040877739,0.0001334904,0.00017619327,0.000035933343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031952874,0.000075957294,0.0047350437,0.000022812843,0.000019129851,0.0000017334385,0.0012508188,0.00030193556,0.98966277,0.0011753198,0.000054173328,0.0026683384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00086729246,0.00015149842,0.031227235,0.00003648026,0.000015541786,0.000018757617,0.0035834913,0.004851537,0.954251,0.004471342,0.00024128305,0.0002845466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056287117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025756573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03541179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012021191,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012552149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80318147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389940280","doi":"10.1002/pi.6607","title":"Poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes tailored with zirconium‐based <scp>MOF</scp>‐801 for water treatment applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer International","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fluoride; Membrane; Zirconium; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Biochemistry; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.018582575618488546,"score_gpt":0.25960429167844107,"score_spread":0.2410217160599525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389940280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8761016,0.00031253204,0.07991273,0.016161734,0.0010830825,0.003952514,0.0006803227,0.002776505,0.019018989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97822917,0.0000352363,0.0018820276,0.0003998545,0.00020815403,0.002377065,0.0015499541,0.000045009827,0.0152735505],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982988,0.00002390506,0.00031818135,0.000507946,0.0004695098,0.00038161196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919194,0.00021582193,0.000111003224,0.00035895492,0.00003783285,0.00008445508],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013461383,0.0002454126,0.00017266082,0.00019049793,0.00021920892,0.000096801065,0.0004313685,0.00010271367,0.0010218322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041337873,0.00017930054,0.000098608216,0.00029753818,0.00023394449,0.0004244687,0.00005798982,0.00007025193,0.0014125399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008104325,0.00024469235,0.0046008835,0.000024483752,0.00018211528,0.000007065948,0.00048329605,0.004381596,0.96514666,0.002998034,0.008075932,0.013774193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090237265,0.00013585902,0.0008076452,0.0000057833927,0.000030664854,0.000007182886,0.00016270195,0.004090363,0.92967975,0.00041934825,0.06364328,0.000115023395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017940217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010924904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10212756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022125471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003215958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390043147","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.3c09331","title":"Comprehensive Characterization of Commercial Reverse Osmosis Membranes through High-Temperature Cross-Flow Filtration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Toronto; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Forward osmosis; Materials science; Osmosis; Chemical engineering; Cross-flow filtration; Chemistry; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.022493716433203473,"score_gpt":0.2697415466687595,"score_spread":0.24724783023555602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390043147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99749154,0.000007297073,0.00003131545,0.0011423449,0.00028657564,0.00028396753,0.00010559476,0.00027787144,0.0003734781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970906,0.00021757932,0.0005284724,0.0004382572,0.00004717192,0.000032323922,0.0006796664,0.000017019607,0.00094894215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988097,0.00005867684,0.00030269,0.0002907794,0.00033234849,0.00020579157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993324,0.00007110606,0.00016559688,0.00036550057,0.000037943268,0.000027454704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010324961,0.00015347228,0.00021181774,0.00005856586,0.00017600326,0.00004896994,0.00027341198,0.0001838915,0.0004122344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008039917,0.00014678067,0.000048211943,0.00084401964,0.00026426584,0.00071061123,0.000150382,0.00013579322,0.0006266588],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030939525,0.00003226514,0.004422528,0.000043870816,0.000012107994,0.0000035654843,0.0005369367,0.0019574072,0.987184,0.00020340944,0.004536114,0.0010368694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040302126,0.00006339143,0.24582016,0.000016916696,0.00001237869,0.0000027376348,0.0001032323,0.00026191294,0.73823965,0.0005047673,0.014373155,0.00019865924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015701512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030540985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24894433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004725791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009648571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.805464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390058841","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering11010006","title":"Assessment of the Feasibility of Converting the Liquid Fraction Separated from Fruit and Vegetable Waste in a UASB Digester","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioengineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Digestate; Food waste; Anaerobic digestion; Fraction (chemistry); Waste management; Biodegradable waste; Hydraulic retention time; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Pulp and paper industry; Biodegradation; Biogas; Bioreactor; Methane; Environmental science; Waste treatment; Wastewater; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.02569684199196376,"score_gpt":0.277089829145411,"score_spread":0.25139298715344727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390058841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99903965,0.000028606082,0.00024721725,0.00014010585,0.00006216522,0.0001836053,0.000003741057,0.000044460518,0.00025042254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997981,0.000015201908,0.00012439172,0.000008168011,0.0000042953125,0.000010535275,0.0000014481299,0.0000046287014,0.00003321124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994287,0.000025159945,0.00018560176,0.00012420258,0.00013474967,0.000101581056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960756,0.00007908275,0.00007211892,0.00022708095,0.0000041190424,0.000010058693],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023937193,0.00006080126,0.00009885514,0.000025362926,0.000028972834,0.000006854441,0.00013415598,0.000040438277,0.000038480684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006440453,0.000039051953,0.000019529516,0.0003465387,0.00007385849,0.00009889324,0.00016901857,0.000089972746,0.0000046826517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005224136,0.000009980468,0.23578933,0.000016480892,0.000005298785,2.9316467e-7,0.0001793047,0.057561155,0.7062823,0.00002426205,0.000012359937,0.000113975184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011222096,0.000022842209,0.66317946,0.000027127244,0.0000038134294,2.6494297e-7,0.00018789391,0.097243376,0.2390887,0.00003944727,0.000050992952,0.000043865653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028637314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057928584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46719363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005621426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056739486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15924925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390176094","doi":"10.3390/membranes14010005","title":"A Review of Temperature Effects on Membrane Filtration","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Wastewater; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.034585750761132544,"score_gpt":0.3155511916532967,"score_spread":0.28096544089216413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390176094","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000014164946,0.9928603,8.332383e-7,0.00013243845,0.0003197727,0.002032244,0.000039553077,0.00042596698,0.004174691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000028975653,0.99628145,0.00006682022,0.00039242493,0.000083920226,0.00042680907,0.00021528371,0.000083501465,0.0024468834],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99716556,0.000320309,0.0009094822,0.0006851647,0.0005988881,0.00032061903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759823,0.00067564886,0.00061811786,0.00102121,0.000016533131,0.000070266804],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057973625,0.0005735328,0.0020257456,0.00019455489,0.00008720831,0.000025632211,0.00076974934,0.00050611247,0.001277263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008369884,0.00041849245,0.0005191686,0.001408867,0.000154747,0.00013250056,0.00018389986,0.0004930326,0.004187383],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000331076,0.000037942595,2.9220686e-7,0.5634161,0.000063270454,0.000018248917,0.000015468788,0.000009035813,0.0003009458,0.00008603272,0.018825538,0.41722378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008211541,0.0000888405,0.0000012782402,0.16744941,0.0003089433,0.000017608452,0.0000026185633,0.0000019449258,0.0037567837,0.00003187785,0.8279138,0.0003447433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020939851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012792587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8090883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011422266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005095733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390298705","doi":"10.20944/preprints202312.1926.v1","title":"Impact of Cleaning on Membrane Performance during Surface Water Treatment: A Hybrid Process with Biological Ion Exchange and Gravity-Driven Membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ion exchange; Microfiltration; Ceramic; Water treatment; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane fouling; Bicarbonate; Effluent; Materials science; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ion; Composite material; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09650848664432977,"score_gpt":0.3239509958006892,"score_spread":0.22744250915635944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390298705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99763083,0.0000192783,0.000003803425,0.000094212926,0.00006874701,0.0010244092,0.00003664451,0.0004654895,0.0006565762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99811006,0.0010255523,0.0000686609,0.000006705724,0.00002604305,0.00014248135,0.000064953034,0.000053268355,0.0005022601],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723977,0.000114544724,0.0004424379,0.0012607754,0.0004161878,0.0005263017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99856335,0.00006369961,0.00030315694,0.0009266328,0.00002848138,0.00011468347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034519992,0.000554856,0.00065630605,0.00013691741,0.00019033186,0.00002584267,0.00054896873,0.00027020046,0.00081726676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054785927,0.00034612697,0.00014130799,0.00017480542,0.0004474055,0.00024098235,0.0014251077,0.00048305362,0.0006138205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039066994,0.00014897977,0.68672097,0.0004282434,0.00010863866,0.000024815628,0.0016236362,0.08859196,0.22176845,0.0000012076902,9.554088e-7,0.00019146287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046173294,0.000304088,0.39503902,0.00015712183,0.000027286942,0.000020198924,0.00007216763,0.00068227213,0.60286725,0.00006220425,0.000008896356,0.00029775163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005192767,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032883658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3810988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032540868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002533917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390350868","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2023.148384","title":"Metal-organic frameworks' latent potential as High-Efficiency osmotic power generators in Thin-Film nanocomposite membranes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Membrane; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Thin-film composite membrane; Nanocomposite; Nanorod; Fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Reverse osmosis; Engineering","score_opus":0.004566645661276412,"score_gpt":0.1972451002625934,"score_spread":0.192678454601317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390350868","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922212,0.00014817796,0.0059304545,0.0005055491,0.00058839214,0.00011538696,0.0000012489429,0.0003712295,0.00011837824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962503,0.00007079604,0.0033592202,0.00007078825,0.000072487004,0.000008171069,0.0000042579163,0.000036996968,0.00012703708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820405,0.000022459413,0.0004233789,0.00031834655,0.0005045122,0.0005272661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943566,0.000053372707,0.00008449022,0.00024665883,0.000012030842,0.00016776728],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032244422,0.00023879671,0.00025844207,0.00019455781,0.00008999503,0.00009435481,0.0005174828,0.00031750737,0.0017704356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025213152,0.00021489372,0.00010997248,0.00096498505,0.000085124244,0.00023319543,0.00020979943,0.0010701623,0.000880243],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004846537,0.000032221804,0.00012513343,0.000007561223,0.000011500379,0.00008813452,0.000090732436,0.31379178,0.68548906,0.00006295675,0.00019668204,0.00009937341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000453077,0.0000498698,0.0021634728,0.000048138638,0.000018925959,0.00030711544,0.000035559613,0.072999485,0.9226172,0.0006024226,0.00033066852,0.00037406012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009682514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.141517e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2407923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020904803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017533419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390428438","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101871","title":"Quantum dot- β-Cyclodextrin nanofiller decorated thin film nanocomposite membrane for removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Polysulfone; Nanocomposite; Interfacial polymerization; Aqueous solution; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Polymerization; Monomer; Cationic polymerization; Polymer chemistry; Congo red; Cyclodextrin; Graphene; Quantum dot; Pervaporation; Permeation; Chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.012909766136974464,"score_gpt":0.2374594679596196,"score_spread":0.22454970182264514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390428438","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980565,0.000090356254,0.00007111705,0.00026983095,0.00017789089,0.00033522616,0.00025100957,0.00029184512,0.00045626893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962715,0.0001589178,0.0014719864,0.000021756608,0.000037713573,0.00007849123,0.0005576934,0.000023721142,0.0013782323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986585,0.000036933718,0.00043399353,0.00041131626,0.00019663457,0.00026261568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992304,0.00009788795,0.0002456377,0.0003574878,0.000020989846,0.00004758353],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030644,0.00018366828,0.00027977442,0.000028500557,0.0001387236,0.00005248689,0.00024716658,0.00021232474,0.0018111722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116649164,0.00017828634,0.000039514427,0.00021957139,0.00017642365,0.00014224865,0.00020199496,0.00005145182,0.00011715125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007197423,0.000022864077,0.000099414036,0.000090406866,0.000014545165,0.000005563128,0.00009244844,0.0003944557,0.9973707,0.000024677234,0.0015589237,0.0002540301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044895304,0.000022684693,0.0010673763,0.0000340632,0.000018491568,0.000022749546,0.000056721423,0.0026379742,0.992763,0.001383362,0.0013518998,0.00019277046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046196728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027454173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046077436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083736115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023237952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390444858","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03579","title":"Hydrophilic Antifouling Thin-Film Nanocomposite Forward Osmosis Membranes: Effect of Zwitterion-Functionalized Carbon Nanofiber Modification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Methacrylate; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Contact angle; Surface modification; Cellulose; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Nanofiber; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.05036845182919479,"score_gpt":0.3111180811551187,"score_spread":0.2607496293259239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390444858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99696356,0.00003857442,0.000010876335,0.00023044832,0.00017402669,0.0004974234,0.00001096852,0.0004292039,0.0016449227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998171,0.000041861094,0.000028034918,0.0000021853964,0.00015477985,0.00016728004,0.00006591446,0.000039287122,0.0013296951],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973099,0.00010515722,0.0004341401,0.00051503617,0.001093019,0.00054272497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998617,0.0005548199,0.00009782166,0.0005767541,0.000041556385,0.000112056725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017410361,0.00023494476,0.00033133393,0.00017238996,0.00014588976,0.000053446533,0.00054704957,0.0004034432,0.00052301004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083021657,0.000225657,0.00010766881,0.0017934261,0.00020495414,0.00013370269,0.0003356622,0.00062766165,0.00015107004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083895866,0.000015193347,0.00095632114,0.00012782308,0.000027321825,0.0000056939534,0.000056379056,0.11850882,0.8792207,0.0000027151684,0.0003757313,0.0006193968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073996355,0.00006588102,0.00028377943,0.00007784728,0.000012946982,0.000005930715,0.000023554408,0.07578263,0.92067385,0.000020169799,0.002132214,0.00018126072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019345779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.369605e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0427262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002764161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036695223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92020255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390543156","doi":"10.1002/wer.10960","title":"On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Flux (metallurgy); Membrane technology; Environmental science; Membrane; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.1958263890301317,"score_gpt":0.4213656337627402,"score_spread":0.22553924473260853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390543156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891877,0.00037476516,0.0047366866,0.0019853513,0.00007482356,0.0010032987,0.000020395119,0.00006267994,0.0025542623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968946,0.0005476954,0.00114346,0.000017658322,0.000013932021,0.00013616653,0.00004304921,0.000022750679,0.0011806871],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99669254,0.00034316338,0.00036883203,0.0006873829,0.0014755644,0.00043252585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982663,0.00041144658,0.000028416678,0.0012263426,0.0000068873455,0.000060642116],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004691369,0.00015908507,0.00017124014,0.00010512646,0.00022564067,0.00012847524,0.00083410036,0.00007078728,0.002056386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008872355,0.00008848464,0.00002930554,0.0001485938,0.00037799374,0.0002621505,0.0020780556,0.00042628995,0.0006237728],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042312127,0.00011706469,0.00043580277,0.00022807543,0.000078676276,0.000010134378,0.00095212937,0.4925246,0.47158504,0.002381626,0.0011555617,0.030488985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000105350446,0.00024627754,0.000079127734,0.00011007274,0.000016013744,0.0000030434385,0.0009841108,0.86904263,0.123975955,0.0021583613,0.0031439108,0.00013516001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000116431474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043610794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.376518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032040014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012928507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390751596","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.159339","title":"In-situ coating PVDF membrane by polystyrene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline to improve its anti-fouling performance and acid resistance","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Membrane; Sulfonic acid; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Materials science; Polyaniline; Polystyrene; Fouling; Coating; Biofouling; Fluoride; Polymer; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Inorganic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008584269813155515,"score_gpt":0.23868356396940463,"score_spread":0.2300992941562491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390751596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98480934,0.0006431402,0.00036954664,0.0012392538,0.00022626384,0.0005793688,0.0000122408155,0.0002821085,0.011838739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928232,0.00025184095,0.0049754344,0.00030708069,0.000017705299,0.000032925756,0.000002671212,0.000025064037,0.0015640957],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966659,0.00002214635,0.00044890595,0.0012481059,0.0007997759,0.0008151597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990919,0.00008113695,0.00009369009,0.00052301196,0.000018816365,0.00019141364],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014673502,0.00030277792,0.00030052706,0.00015562538,0.00040538423,0.00027561228,0.0008608689,0.00011007419,0.00011862118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001350438,0.00028497426,0.000025554626,0.0026709745,0.0007100373,0.0010671876,0.0006536521,0.00035206866,0.00054688076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001938235,0.000016262158,0.00028354934,0.00005160568,0.0000022257207,0.0000050261515,0.00042405986,0.0013172915,0.99466217,0.00041215806,0.00026587775,0.0025403984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022228579,0.000042159747,0.0012054507,0.00005112688,0.000005234065,0.00000512703,0.00022055245,0.004334519,0.99191785,0.000062768035,0.0015762234,0.00035669605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004410173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016558722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010274643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029118086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008460694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390795372","doi":"10.1002/smll.202310799","title":"Thiol‐Ene Click Reaction in Constructing Liquid Separation Membranes for Water Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Ene reaction; Click chemistry; Thiol; Surface modification; Wetting; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Combinatorial chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.031282945943935735,"score_gpt":0.2885441965761296,"score_spread":0.2572612506321939,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390795372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99248177,0.000087111315,0.00031182007,0.00089399604,0.00025924275,0.00043998877,0.0000044936846,0.0002602011,0.005261362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968291,0.00008531991,0.0013574166,0.000053965316,0.000046641235,0.00015250078,0.00003727812,0.000012966719,0.0014248398],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992051,0.000023419116,0.00019975257,0.00029312653,0.00007926035,0.00019931054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974406,0.000056506626,0.00002399321,0.00015025267,0.000004007532,0.000021196096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018994718,0.0001117739,0.00010778943,0.0000669206,0.000055012068,0.00004165178,0.00006249759,0.000090595626,0.00018694166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002420131,0.00007969637,0.000045673467,0.000109194094,0.000058278176,0.00026376208,0.00003418432,0.000060791765,0.00030353345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000724084,0.000032021846,0.00043022228,0.000051971194,0.000012720664,0.000010044086,0.000832216,0.0010737794,0.9828109,0.0007029455,0.0001323117,0.013838473],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024327595,0.0002260225,0.00011069,0.000016573102,0.000011768811,0.000021878197,0.0002528403,0.002395984,0.94165534,0.00088404614,0.054057516,0.00012403622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025672186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006588478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053925205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002694611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009532665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39014098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390831693","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100211","title":"Removal of urea in ultrapure water system by urease-coated reverse osmosis membrane","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research X","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Ministry of Education, India; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Urease; Urea; Chemistry; Ultrapure water; Membrane; Hydrolysis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.0336111112406204,"score_gpt":0.30467560188704623,"score_spread":0.27106449064642585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390831693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842762,0.00013256079,0.000014356845,0.0018679195,0.00007949059,0.0004891017,0.000026992788,0.00024566252,0.012867721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905926,0.000051512812,0.00012538813,0.000018923021,0.000013683646,0.000060328417,0.00006204827,0.000024821167,0.009050694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99730146,0.00028117464,0.00035493588,0.0004860804,0.00090029667,0.0006760503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932563,0.00005607323,0.0000137210645,0.00048971624,0.000023331131,0.00009152469],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018414941,0.00015246477,0.00021565935,0.00026521986,0.00008294054,0.000076814315,0.000506811,0.00017912811,0.0029386212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060697766,0.000089189394,0.000059390222,0.00056019303,0.00039505798,0.0002961025,0.0003234074,0.00047091208,0.003211674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046327954,0.000037103157,0.0003162971,0.0002481282,0.000014996748,0.00044676248,0.00086875336,0.00008977037,0.9783063,0.000110817375,0.018996978,0.0005177885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020038807,0.000061332605,0.00006028965,0.000109375804,0.0000049463306,0.00008465604,0.00036487647,0.0008194567,0.9518132,0.0001664932,0.04619005,0.0001249136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020173898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000104644605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02719307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029319606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001213652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99797285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390902349","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-51309-y","title":"Ion-retention properties of graphene oxide/zinc oxide nanocomposite membranes at various pH and temperature conditions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Zinc; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Materials science; Acrylate; Composite number; Filtration (mathematics); Inorganic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.012240800973851346,"score_gpt":0.22356992999821912,"score_spread":0.21132912902436776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390902349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995441,0.0012119637,0.000010995477,0.00035370758,0.0013755505,0.00042863045,0.000008902469,0.0003019208,0.00086732075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99224496,0.000044425506,0.00030376777,0.000020742522,0.00000833037,0.000047960748,0.000049199247,0.000014983244,0.0072656428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997888,0.00004376413,0.0004926984,0.00079460256,0.00054235343,0.00023852693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991004,0.000021999325,0.00016879318,0.00060060946,0.000034131826,0.00007410815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062403874,0.00017618839,0.0001950591,0.00020012131,0.0004685767,0.00028411666,0.00014832667,0.00011916133,0.00040499875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006895872,0.00013757171,0.00009306631,0.00073373405,0.0011474559,0.00050525746,0.0002486808,0.00012279533,0.00008950347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005067019,0.0000277311,0.0016453004,0.000111206864,0.000017261531,0.00009257836,0.00027424408,0.00032130536,0.99185836,0.00021793142,0.0053297677,0.000099269455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005795959,0.00001946795,0.0043975026,0.00012877423,0.000031397973,0.0005005132,0.00010117303,0.00024800174,0.980405,0.005204347,0.008729068,0.0001768015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013353239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010980467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011453343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085608044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000293178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5610011},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391016109","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4700729","title":"Green Pcl/Sulfonated Kraft Lignin Phase Inversion Membrane for Dye-Contaminated Wastewater Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Kraft paper; Chemical engineering; Wastewater; Phase inversion; Materials science; Polycaprolactone; Biofouling; Nanofiltration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.015146264437861214,"score_gpt":0.2699004897233441,"score_spread":0.25475422528548286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391016109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99052626,0.0017325684,0.00037791877,0.0035105092,0.0007527454,0.0015989442,0.000106589934,0.0004565674,0.00093790825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97288966,0.0035925715,0.00033620725,0.0000781873,0.00019997887,0.00020336248,0.0002565278,0.00010558673,0.022337917],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.995149,0.00013648167,0.0007307189,0.0009384566,0.0005434026,0.0025019234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987212,0.00007414706,0.00040416574,0.00060234783,0.00003828027,0.00015987322],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010264755,0.0006741479,0.0006202864,0.00032328736,0.00028663085,0.0001670007,0.00087446976,0.0006320538,0.0005343039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049400867,0.0005315575,0.0004418288,0.00030072307,0.00018366498,0.00018775249,0.00087727804,0.0028841917,0.00074992806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001339947,0.0019917528,0.00028775018,0.000522588,0.0036057038,0.00026180406,0.0025921615,0.006156559,0.7684801,0.0077701933,0.01311507,0.19387637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063291164,0.003675159,0.000009039851,0.00022796246,0.00073216844,0.00043626459,0.0017702193,0.015032063,0.69575584,0.25499368,0.019777002,0.0012615108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094739854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020821888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24722348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006464014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009205946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391033503","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.111980","title":"Overview on modified membranes by different polysaccharides and their derivatives: Preparation and performances","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polysaccharide; Xanthan gum; Membrane; Cellulose; Chitosan; Pectin; Biofouling; Polymer; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Materials science; Biochemistry; Rheology","score_opus":0.00946965966832831,"score_gpt":0.21479854808512475,"score_spread":0.20532888841679645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391033503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948363,0.004363984,0.0004411477,0.00013409319,0.000047998386,0.00006889777,0.000006753124,0.00003287559,0.00006795902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973315,0.0023664988,0.00020261032,0.000028989965,0.000025587824,0.000004244605,0.000001915176,0.000011898798,0.000026740192],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993136,0.00000784792,0.00023381539,0.00015852512,0.00016814018,0.00011805491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997212,0.00008328304,0.000058092886,0.00007038196,6.809776e-7,0.00006635001],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008392445,0.00015624143,0.00016707939,0.00004303864,0.000028699358,0.000045731744,0.00009191282,0.00005908577,0.00011742122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019279563,0.00010800069,0.00003874256,0.00004848046,0.00009775367,0.00033051925,0.00008283765,0.00018376767,0.000005133096],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018259601,0.000026577178,0.00019452599,0.000057042213,0.000021377842,0.000001949603,0.0002673453,0.0013077061,0.99335754,0.00003884236,0.00007549104,0.004633345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001767361,0.00015342103,0.0015268661,0.000107992215,0.000013429654,0.00006561289,0.00009797203,0.03488744,0.96163666,0.00012671997,0.0010493263,0.00015784819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010389928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.434502e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033579737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009253768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013790253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44041404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391046796","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.104830","title":"Hybrid process combining electrocoagulation and electrodialysis for chloride ions removal from runoff water loaded with road de-icing salts: Statistical optimization by response surface methodology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electrocoagulation; Electrodialysis; Response surface methodology; Turbidity; Chloride; Central composite design; Factorial experiment; Settling; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Electrolysis; Chromatography; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Environmental science; Membrane; Electrode; Metallurgy; Electrolyte; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011271573774106496,"score_gpt":0.26026879110161577,"score_spread":0.24899721732750926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391046796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5363728,0.000066879235,0.46311802,0.0002507005,0.000031408956,0.000098502045,0.000004488751,0.00005498144,0.0000022137926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9229246,0.000018509505,0.076895766,0.000017557037,0.000035738743,0.000014347246,0.000031464297,0.000033116154,0.000028942879],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986727,0.000070391085,0.00040267015,0.00025363345,0.00024075466,0.00035982928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994558,0.0002589909,0.0000813202,0.00008337317,0.000047851605,0.00007262548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001074759,0.00017479828,0.00028138736,0.0001296809,0.000090231275,0.00011464873,0.00014324069,0.000076278375,0.000048961683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022867779,0.00011502397,0.000031443557,0.00013588656,0.000046110155,0.0005335666,0.00002798812,0.00025616703,0.000002018663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004759564,0.000007720078,0.000043566837,0.00004143413,0.0000409187,0.000014578674,0.0008776524,0.5097218,0.48849303,0.000003758433,0.000014850874,0.00026470775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029889744,0.00018766493,0.000043712364,0.000047900172,0.00007186252,0.00017393024,0.00006704339,0.30945468,0.6890841,0.00038119074,0.00006407572,0.00012493433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018281611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017484696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38655174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016761779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031621224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46905413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391058095","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.159402","title":"A synergistically enhanced photocatalytic 2D MXene nanofibrous composite membrane for wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Surface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Ministry of Rural Affairs","keywords":"Polyvinylidene fluoride; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Wastewater; Materials science; Membrane fouling; Biofouling; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Waste management; Chemistry; Catalysis; Polymer; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013144615130331272,"score_gpt":0.25399129018721955,"score_spread":0.24084667505688828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391058095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9702793,0.000051432417,0.006842302,0.00038002216,0.0002691526,0.0013436816,0.00002247517,0.000603113,0.02020857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9776386,0.000023459195,0.01917781,0.00007790132,0.000015581194,0.00020699122,0.000011122467,0.000025749532,0.0028227996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974165,0.000011170244,0.00031233288,0.0010193059,0.0005767522,0.00066392025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897784,0.00018996793,0.000052101463,0.0006107033,0.000014668295,0.00015474185],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044445976,0.00028162415,0.00026089352,0.00008057123,0.00036332544,0.00025911003,0.000699877,0.000084762214,0.00045587847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003242744,0.00021606672,0.00007482085,0.0009753184,0.0013017176,0.00031079544,0.0002451511,0.00008241982,0.0018790558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003664028,0.00004971036,0.0000059576337,0.000028102299,0.000009624567,0.000004716633,0.00032177626,0.0103704715,0.9829355,0.0024456095,0.0001415796,0.0036503477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027039414,0.00015734367,0.00004541779,0.000017633925,0.000023880983,0.000007736891,0.00009658451,0.017530251,0.9758235,0.0010658329,0.0046810894,0.00028030554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006869865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023541275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01738577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047829296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008607571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988981},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391224960","doi":"10.3390/membranes14020033","title":"Impact of Cleaning on Membrane Performance during Surface Water Treatment: A Hybrid Process with Biological Ion Exchange and Gravity-Driven Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Fouling; Ceramic membrane; Ion exchange; Bicarbonate; Chemical engineering; Water treatment; Microfiltration; Ceramic; Chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Effluent; Membrane fouling; Materials science; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Ion; Composite material; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.017802341730943076,"score_gpt":0.2565019858857877,"score_spread":0.23869964415484463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391224960","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976938,0.00028027594,0.0000048585543,0.00013173204,0.000057611367,0.00047319176,0.000021195103,0.00038449623,0.00095283514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825394,0.001091908,0.00007882704,0.00001210696,0.000033020493,0.000040808696,0.000025090567,0.000037391022,0.00042691187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981816,0.00006600327,0.00029139305,0.0006619138,0.00033197258,0.00046716433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994056,0.00008302346,0.00007238119,0.00033066815,0.00001495122,0.00009332911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017376328,0.0003940858,0.00041869064,0.0001275593,0.00020263629,0.000076692755,0.00023587001,0.00011169333,0.0007282244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015341153,0.00021212164,0.00009687421,0.00029387936,0.00041573515,0.0005621819,0.00010554611,0.00017176518,0.000137033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00070314546,0.00020763029,0.034536745,0.0012811611,0.00013801277,0.00012008826,0.0033342047,0.037689693,0.918381,0.000013907206,0.000011443667,0.0035829963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007133432,0.0014920876,0.014121704,0.00018003854,0.000038255963,0.00017552011,0.0001578447,0.003996755,0.9785456,0.000036054927,0.0001904067,0.00035240757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016483426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002398911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06016461,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014104231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014923452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.865007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391574550","doi":"10.1016/j.mex.2024.102604","title":"Assessing thermoelectric membrane distillation performance: An experimental design approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MethodsX","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Distillation; Energy consumption; Membrane distillation; Thermoelectric effect; Process engineering; Process (computing); Membrane technology; Factorial experiment; Membrane; Computer science; Engineering; Mathematics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Desalination; Physics; Electrical engineering; Statistics","score_opus":0.09126413898467471,"score_gpt":0.3652105047774139,"score_spread":0.2739463657927392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391574550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54151523,0.0002296101,0.441452,0.00002441762,0.00011839057,0.00021807171,3.8134846e-7,0.0004843708,0.015957547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.70617986,0.0000129958335,0.29341725,0.000020795793,0.000030209358,0.00003852528,0.0000058819724,0.000017509215,0.00027699932],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986016,0.00030605544,0.00017994577,0.0004056304,0.00027932884,0.00022740579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999526,0.000111940215,0.000037560723,0.00027303013,0.000003499602,0.000047974456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010442651,0.00014836465,0.00012751424,0.00008470825,0.0001617031,0.00022016621,0.00021789211,0.000094009,0.00079471787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046635338,0.00012172528,0.00003558016,0.000566672,0.00014218393,0.0010966305,0.00006946415,0.00016094523,0.0001846196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010937438,0.00005587159,0.00019691272,0.000021976186,0.0000068622276,0.000003087607,0.00083074387,0.012728783,0.72995347,0.00027698782,0.000095951815,0.25581843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059704118,0.00007998282,0.0016129104,0.000005820009,0.000008878242,0.000016233444,0.0001925349,0.42698684,0.5700004,0.00027263648,0.0006130245,0.00015103801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017267732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3734286e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41425806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001675008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014369363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87016034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391825585","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.118487","title":"Solving the fouling mechanisms in composite membranes for water purification: An advance approach","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabi","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Membrane fouling; Population; Membrane; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Biochemical engineering; Water quality; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05110863207773954,"score_gpt":0.3296667830835473,"score_spread":0.2785581510058078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391825585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9715543,0.0008968087,0.019033588,0.0019940245,0.00013102993,0.0017956791,0.000015686317,0.00018761108,0.0043913135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890473,0.00019122839,0.008512649,0.000047847538,0.00003691621,0.00055458775,0.000054433105,0.00003121283,0.0015238413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977921,0.00017007097,0.0002330933,0.0005976428,0.0006643184,0.00054274854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992176,0.00021470187,0.000016076603,0.0004881974,0.000002069773,0.000061339604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001778935,0.0001418012,0.00011243937,0.00010583822,0.00041134562,0.00016379345,0.0006489823,0.00009199928,0.00079438166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003132817,0.00009224358,0.000046793615,0.00022950298,0.00046582415,0.0005291258,0.00036782894,0.00041355306,0.00071310735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036366124,0.00014713033,0.0003847662,0.0000685927,0.0000075719054,0.000009113102,0.0015013433,0.007850214,0.9651783,0.001648381,0.00008996002,0.023078276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003094024,0.00017420715,0.0018863822,0.000026489757,0.0000067091355,0.000020634685,0.0031361582,0.12522908,0.813092,0.0347104,0.02110118,0.00030739035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036483572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024501556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15208632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032213939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059890494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.916579},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391855811","doi":"10.33082/td.2023.4-19.07","title":"ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ПОТУЖНОСТІ ТА МАСОГАБАРИТНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ УЛЬТРАФІОЛЕТОВОГО РЕАКТОРА НА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ СИСТЕМ ОЧИЩЕННЯ БАЛАСТНИХ ВОД","year":2023,"lang":"uk","type":"article","venue":"Transport development","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","score_opus":0.028333974636927474,"score_gpt":0.24571115403302554,"score_spread":0.21737717939609807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391855811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9525786,0.00079098844,0.0015672473,0.0049468293,0.0025845098,0.0026888011,0.00020178648,0.004098255,0.030542973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94612896,0.0021275799,0.006340961,0.0007351789,0.00018633108,0.0005157201,0.0007280917,0.00027511234,0.042962033],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.98865414,0.0001727157,0.0026693149,0.0027357917,0.0028759253,0.0028921107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99615437,0.00019464223,0.0006664637,0.0020917396,0.00009166384,0.000801098],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018925554,0.0016325385,0.0014561609,0.0008161478,0.0012403957,0.00018653541,0.0026702976,0.001149666,0.015661566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010428133,0.0016951748,0.0004904168,0.003590564,0.0012363627,0.0009069159,0.00055327563,0.0013178064,0.050395824],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011686313,0.0034995887,0.3295487,0.0028568008,0.0023698965,0.0053023053,0.05969155,0.016729172,0.09788924,0.0066499556,0.14291902,0.33137515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020115764,0.0002248828,0.5005692,0.0003513161,0.00017024243,0.000048880163,0.0019122123,0.00049391674,0.09777673,0.0011303308,0.39260972,0.0027009712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048030738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014551346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32867417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012931153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008516674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392136476","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130176","title":"Nanocellulose-based membranes with pH- and temperature-responsive pore size for selective separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","keywords":"Membrane; Nanocellulose; Permeation; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer; Gating; Bacterial cellulose; Cellulose; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Biophysics","score_opus":0.01128524693894096,"score_gpt":0.2769851947616249,"score_spread":0.26569994782268397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392136476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933945,0.00068296,0.002043046,0.002814804,0.00024465652,0.00021008299,0.000035829744,0.000057155696,0.0005169437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99383974,0.000080078295,0.005518572,0.00032840078,0.00009784546,0.000016371148,0.0000139508575,0.000009437351,0.00009561915],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990234,0.000064288215,0.00026867123,0.0002048981,0.00029214716,0.00014662655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908274,0.0005447973,0.00014422022,0.00005754218,0.00011292097,0.000057774003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026977473,0.00014413391,0.00016163102,0.00007969008,0.000055255194,0.00011286589,0.00024238271,0.00011509628,0.00015234604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037530012,0.00008769771,0.000079474565,0.00014234768,0.00024836004,0.00020279195,0.00004895732,0.00016128884,0.000010946095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010812768,0.00008714839,0.001840082,0.00001681484,0.00014222352,0.00018344319,0.00015596417,0.0005444792,0.9885047,0.0016271813,0.0010271169,0.0047895564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089551165,0.0013602229,0.007940003,0.00010396428,0.000045113826,0.00077608286,0.00020475603,0.00095026125,0.9726577,0.005165412,0.00962386,0.00027713162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045365314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005621471,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015847031,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010708577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038514812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35762087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392151408","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad2cf2","title":"2024 roadmap on membrane desalination technology at the water-energy nexus","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Tamkeen; Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale; New York University Abu Dhabi; Kuwait University; York University","keywords":"Desalination; Nexus (standard); Water desalination; Environmental science; Water-energy nexus; Business; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009594285730591387,"score_gpt":0.23209843273385575,"score_spread":0.22250414700326437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392151408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73763,0.0026943863,0.06367286,0.05923652,0.007646706,0.00027625245,0.000019368925,0.0009081618,0.12791574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98690915,0.00019025046,0.00013524128,0.00028775565,0.00023737845,0.00000827995,0.000003989741,0.000022830594,0.012205097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872595,0.000052039974,0.00033415842,0.00020056717,0.00045880518,0.0002284668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942774,0.00007502555,0.0001358086,0.00029436292,0.000025874886,0.000041216997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019592611,0.00015752869,0.00017583586,0.00013025996,0.00013420911,0.00006358146,0.00044706327,0.00012301978,0.0007407211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002659279,0.00007861645,0.00012061736,0.0004885468,0.00022349054,0.0002667502,0.00021213818,0.00024328199,0.00024380944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038626964,0.00009347903,0.0000177276,0.000010635589,0.0000791556,0.00007928929,0.00019796155,0.06319059,0.57274383,0.1700994,0.019357007,0.17409226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011012096,0.00016922022,0.000010551188,0.000023979537,0.000021440053,0.00006964125,0.0000538862,0.0031310737,0.76438046,0.071108066,0.16081966,0.00010192871],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005027924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000617954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24927917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028433366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001787973,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8110377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392184818","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.112353","title":"Nanocomposite ceramic membranes as novel tools for remediation of textile dye waste water – A review of current applications, machine learning based modeling and future perspectives","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Materials science; Nanocomposite; Ceramic; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Ceramic membrane; Environmental remediation; Superhydrophilicity; Membrane technology; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Contamination; Wetting; Engineering","score_opus":0.015993719206390068,"score_gpt":0.26595742128210814,"score_spread":0.24996370207571808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392184818","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012750647,0.9938246,0.0039624125,0.000044985594,0.00006393423,0.0007391626,0.00006030415,0.000019361913,0.000010181346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005880742,0.9911739,0.0025893042,0.0000051921043,0.00012948232,0.000078773286,0.00008960223,0.00004505155,0.000007902069],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981972,0.000019330397,0.000977628,0.00027696177,0.00035964107,0.00016923514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991685,0.00010435001,0.0004823017,0.00016929119,0.000010037808,0.00006549071],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032473123,0.00031166238,0.0009453133,0.00013325798,0.00002646946,0.000017901799,0.00025883105,0.00015587856,0.00009184344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000063736064,0.00022317725,0.0003736549,0.00012502869,0.000071773895,0.00020031708,0.00014906959,0.00050398166,0.0000054044103],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030513578,0.00027226395,0.0000020316409,0.14995384,0.00023523609,0.0000020744453,0.0002169455,0.036367398,0.46379983,0.000037010293,0.00002367913,0.34905916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001064094,0.0003144335,8.829871e-7,0.05941219,0.0029042214,0.00024894657,0.00025614924,0.1528214,0.101986945,0.00003934047,0.67979586,0.0011555592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.04884e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.476962e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67977214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027677044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91009045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392365664","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3981974/v1","title":"RETRACTED: A Two-Phase Sharp-Interface Numerical Model of Falling Film Thermal Desalination in a Vertical Channel","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Falling (accident); Channel (broadcasting); Interface (matter); Thermal; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Materials science; Desalination; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Telecommunications; Bubble; Chemistry; Psychology","score_opus":0.09220712048912585,"score_gpt":0.42099558270608484,"score_spread":0.328788462216959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392365664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98793936,0.0003080995,0.005950198,0.00092842546,0.00008092073,0.0009530194,0.00008258354,0.00017700846,0.0035803998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818766,0.0000744349,0.001136688,0.000009574286,0.00003248369,0.00021129382,0.000040208062,0.000039280127,0.0002684056],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99631494,0.0002942586,0.00053602876,0.0007962844,0.0014687028,0.0005897613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888283,0.00023154322,0.000062520136,0.00063574826,0.00007210543,0.00011526267],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016701723,0.00023960715,0.00035187544,0.0004051995,0.000061159975,0.00008235494,0.000785031,0.0005275751,0.00063445565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008886246,0.0002206924,0.000117919655,0.00074288534,0.00036180788,0.00013099352,0.0029244374,0.0029975546,0.00042106226],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026624365,0.00061898393,0.00029877498,0.0006588909,0.000025230533,0.000054649186,0.0019517264,0.8778519,0.10991779,0.00075184903,0.00054419955,0.0070597725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003906096,0.0001547234,0.00051347027,0.00045334327,0.0000067157084,0.0000015640134,0.00024669452,0.92398787,0.06458164,0.009460462,0.000013677949,0.00018924657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005639091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010889612,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046135966,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064631796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001315297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99930257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392729547","doi":"10.1002/slct.202303555","title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Anti‐fouling Ultrafiltration Nanocomposite Membranes Integrated with S‐β Zeolite Nanoparticles for Oily Wastewater Treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemistrySelect","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane; Nanocomposite; Zeolite; Characterization (materials science); Wastewater; Nanoparticle; Biofouling; Sewage treatment; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Waste management; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.00937398952817673,"score_gpt":0.21678045695131962,"score_spread":0.2074064674231429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392729547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989866,0.000064465625,0.00020522533,0.0001444274,0.000015590173,0.0002697834,0.000026437256,0.00014836041,0.00013908268],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987249,0.00008547759,0.00071633596,0.000005984615,0.000012307932,0.0001309871,0.00006796736,0.000015625043,0.00024043376],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992707,0.000012155382,0.00018424045,0.0002821708,0.00009968464,0.00015108373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969625,0.00007357224,0.00005661029,0.00012985994,0.0000130093185,0.000030694555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006960601,0.00014453597,0.00015980046,0.000028629458,0.0000625603,0.00006171398,0.00007147727,0.00006381261,0.00008669109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023013405,0.00010160345,0.000029769708,0.00020319951,0.00012290588,0.00018463247,0.000012522077,0.000033572294,0.0000063128264],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045669756,0.000027654718,0.00080093043,0.00015998448,0.000028908224,0.0000014129938,0.00024312729,0.00009151797,0.99419206,0.0000082458155,0.000006207792,0.0043943007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014990855,0.00010018484,0.00053549,0.00008120505,0.000049461945,0.000018754607,0.00004977164,0.0034803168,0.9947034,0.000015388192,0.0006948459,0.00012126959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020460182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005471574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042730314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065402135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016079404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41432685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392820821","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.127107","title":"Design of hydrophobic polymer brush for mitigation of membrane wetting in membrane distillation- computer simulation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Wetting; Brush; Polymer brush; Polymer; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Permeation; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymerization","score_opus":0.01647747978168986,"score_gpt":0.28422148029085437,"score_spread":0.2677440005091645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392820821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60491055,0.00041121716,0.39162537,0.0011365135,0.0001459723,0.0011111138,0.000014750731,0.00026906896,0.00037542623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98943454,0.000079413505,0.010107336,0.000017691475,0.000016185,0.00009719323,0.00005699459,0.000015012051,0.00017563239],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986112,0.000059109425,0.0006239527,0.00038238082,0.0001733365,0.00015001291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918103,0.00026136514,0.00023910849,0.00025520715,0.000041844254,0.000021441103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039644257,0.00014056172,0.00022729301,0.00047231125,0.00006184367,0.000021590484,0.00013802544,0.00025081166,0.00012040555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075378586,0.0001431225,0.000035484263,0.0009220255,0.0002694344,0.00028817976,0.000036685433,0.000103495935,0.000019426832],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005538298,0.000054804208,0.0016791887,0.00015489863,0.000015946782,4.6268096e-7,0.0006457124,0.12846513,0.8263354,0.013701417,0.000070315386,0.028821368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002352779,0.00008943763,0.0010896327,0.000034496275,0.000012428098,0.000003308957,0.000053837175,0.5316296,0.46403298,0.0022607706,0.00045493586,0.00010329454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023695362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021617536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40316448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059367118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024000936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5836366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392907192","doi":"10.32920/25412716.v1","title":"Optimal Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Latex Particle Fouling Remediation in Ultrafiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Concentration polarization; Ultrasound; Membrane; Cavitation; Membrane fouling; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.02404521223547881,"score_gpt":0.2715207838634087,"score_spread":0.2474755716279299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392907192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872975,0.000049574017,0.0013853711,0.0009880182,0.0004947485,0.0005015655,0.0000056284357,0.00054099195,0.008736635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936105,0.000070987546,0.004708357,0.00008174232,0.00004849347,0.00012307208,0.00006952877,0.000021847149,0.0012654648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820244,0.00006428116,0.00052994885,0.0006337971,0.00030039425,0.00026914326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929523,0.000091695765,0.00013027163,0.00042323727,0.000009086368,0.000050446946],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040549936,0.00023090708,0.0002176996,0.000091217786,0.000041266096,0.00016039303,0.00031929053,0.00031852967,0.0016580885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022624961,0.0002139066,0.00008122903,0.0003056635,0.00010946945,0.00015167911,0.00058416266,0.0006494944,0.0014574827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005947267,0.00030782973,0.03655898,0.00022699642,0.000060191924,0.000058915703,0.0029781123,0.36131996,0.5492729,0.0016708445,0.00603413,0.04145167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000657339,0.00014562649,0.16595736,0.0003230746,0.00008546498,0.000035176385,0.0013267773,0.26132035,0.5516444,0.016499983,0.0007491691,0.0012552654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034188188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010421358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12939839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046162025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002628548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99932},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392927836","doi":"10.32920/25412716","title":"Optimal Intermittent Ultrasound-Assisted Latex Particle Fouling Remediation in Ultrafiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Fouling; Concentration polarization; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ultrasound; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Cavitation; Chromatography; Chemistry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.02404521223547881,"score_gpt":0.2715207838634087,"score_spread":0.2474755716279299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392927836","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872975,0.000049574017,0.0013853711,0.0009880182,0.0004947485,0.0005015655,0.0000056284357,0.00054099195,0.008736635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936105,0.000070987546,0.004708357,0.00008174232,0.00004849347,0.00012307208,0.00006952877,0.000021847149,0.0012654648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99820244,0.00006428116,0.00052994885,0.0006337971,0.00030039425,0.00026914326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929523,0.000091695765,0.00013027163,0.00042323727,0.000009086368,0.000050446946],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040549936,0.00023090708,0.0002176996,0.000091217786,0.000041266096,0.00016039303,0.00031929053,0.00031852967,0.0016580885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022624961,0.0002139066,0.00008122903,0.0003056635,0.00010946945,0.00015167911,0.00058416266,0.0006494944,0.0014574827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005947267,0.00030782973,0.03655898,0.00022699642,0.000060191924,0.000058915703,0.0029781123,0.36131996,0.5492729,0.0016708445,0.00603413,0.04145167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000657339,0.00014562649,0.16595736,0.0003230746,0.00008546498,0.000035176385,0.0013267773,0.26132035,0.5516444,0.016499983,0.0007491691,0.0012552654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034188188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010421358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12939839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046162025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002628548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99932},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393226171","doi":"10.1007/s10098-024-02801-6","title":"Performance of a novel hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) treating synthetic dairy wastewater: assessment of coupled mechanical removal sections and MBR","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Industrial and production engineering; Bioreactor; Wastewater reuse; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01203417650100176,"score_gpt":0.24647046864591177,"score_spread":0.23443629214491002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393226171","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99805975,0.00018282092,0.00011750638,0.00036045743,0.000042584506,0.00026637374,0.00007849843,0.00039072894,0.0005012546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948744,0.0018071359,0.0031080632,0.000010292201,0.000012162895,0.0000249555,0.000012259145,0.000025279476,0.00012545413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855995,0.000015668711,0.00042023693,0.00046778223,0.00024661425,0.00028975672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993299,0.00007868041,0.00013414494,0.00040892584,0.0000017314935,0.00004661316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018157705,0.00024071151,0.0003175973,0.00021224313,0.00012495191,0.000027176091,0.00024790707,0.00015753933,0.00007922368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005802924,0.0002016932,0.000066944514,0.00025771398,0.001277722,0.00022695324,0.00070398074,0.00023400338,0.0000059812314],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017181794,0.00013464969,0.0018740824,0.00015013262,0.000040222552,0.000007008026,0.000086753724,0.00022022457,0.8739674,0.0008148523,0.000020382675,0.122667074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054112915,0.00065770873,0.008840256,0.00015443671,0.00007472006,0.00034727252,0.0065745353,0.13692793,0.8449287,0.00032697947,0.00027639768,0.00034992132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002526384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020662597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13670771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016949231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013083965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.822481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393336618","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105214","title":"Characterization and acid treatment of silica and organics in evaporator blowdown wastewater arising from SAGD operations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Suncor Energy (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Evaporator; Wastewater; Waste management; Characterization (materials science); Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Heat exchanger; Inlet","score_opus":0.006557692255863617,"score_gpt":0.21102530663808414,"score_spread":0.20446761438222052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393336618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99801356,0.00022108134,0.0014464349,0.00017346033,0.000056381243,0.00006371041,0.0000040308128,0.000017802104,0.0000035380099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989147,0.00018537125,0.0008402368,0.000003500668,0.000023669312,0.0000028236957,0.0000045379948,0.000009011403,0.000016121434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994722,0.0000058806795,0.00024838164,0.00009565149,0.000097567594,0.000080304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998763,0.000008556659,0.000027052542,0.0000514192,0.000009183418,0.000027484391],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007277052,0.00007935781,0.00013100315,0.000089794834,0.000016275431,0.000055601977,0.000046478337,0.0000422454,0.000047504473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012477268,0.00005182671,0.000011715965,0.000092400995,0.000019495654,0.0004121848,0.00002423866,0.000059450023,0.0000021452267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035877222,0.000015409278,0.0021140499,0.000032779084,0.000013208851,0.0000088221705,0.0026619625,0.007381903,0.986206,0.0000024355768,5.491521e-7,0.0015593087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015611031,0.000081328195,0.0033878377,0.000067233865,0.000017008975,0.000020518339,0.000079240715,0.028632713,0.96728456,0.000029315866,0.00018216885,0.00006196644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010257464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008087199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02125081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052205458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007152987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21134318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394010476","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240024","title":"Investigation of the effect of permeation and antifouling characteristics of hybrid poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes tailored with <scp>ZIF</scp>‐67 metal–organic frameworks","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Biofouling; Permeation; Fluoride; Membrane; Metal-organic framework; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Metal; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.006087630533202943,"score_gpt":0.21707025294208804,"score_spread":0.2109826224088851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394010476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958126,0.0016261138,0.0019141323,0.00019381136,0.00025235125,0.00012774275,0.000004662302,0.00001377697,0.000054800304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992881,0.00009545751,0.00049800694,0.000020123933,0.00002408839,0.0000012653817,4.637991e-7,0.000009410095,0.000063086256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980664,0.00010110766,0.000573366,0.00020676243,0.000882173,0.00017017043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984282,0.00040567946,0.00077077653,0.00026229577,0.00006539671,0.000067655106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014430285,0.00014232808,0.0003234654,0.00021993638,0.00010365705,0.000055072916,0.00053988374,0.000067083696,0.000041837415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00088444055,0.000083161394,0.00007214761,0.0011133056,0.0017573908,0.00078430853,0.00016063322,0.00030314407,0.0000021286103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000143002535,0.0000064304822,0.039597936,0.000097854,0.000020720025,0.0000033218994,0.0005530589,0.000052900537,0.9564383,0.00008067603,0.000010402976,0.0031240755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013417064,0.000357485,0.055049956,0.0002564426,0.00009374729,0.000107461965,0.00014053912,0.0020466677,0.9415634,0.00020171668,0.0000051452676,0.0000432224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023956309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027290287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01545202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005406672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010241046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.647518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394063436","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.117614","title":"Advances and challenges in tailoring antibacterial polyamide thin film composite membranes for water treatment and desalination: A critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Desalination; Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Fouling; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Surface modification; Biochemical engineering; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.10613824118531254,"score_gpt":0.36077093610149946,"score_spread":0.2546326949161869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394063436","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00025476146,0.9960326,0.000031879736,0.0016989172,0.00021741453,0.001390944,0.000033732333,0.00011461334,0.00022511857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004383581,0.99776614,0.00085719966,0.000029075327,0.00006619786,0.00056820683,0.00017157468,0.000033695847,0.00006955376],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982906,0.00014478576,0.00054344354,0.0006157811,0.00016351292,0.00024190042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938905,0.00024836187,0.000103325794,0.00019655399,0.00001524138,0.000047475074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049811637,0.00035676424,0.0008383887,0.00016166172,0.00009203441,0.00008870109,0.00012843608,0.00022057116,0.00004271158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014994043,0.00023957499,0.000098464225,0.00014247728,0.00016617305,0.0005325754,0.00012628669,0.00012552034,0.00004137455],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008204414,0.00004232355,0.0000032748942,0.08159458,0.000019530902,0.000008506559,0.00015512494,0.0000053009135,0.000071232535,0.0015600189,0.000022454255,0.91650945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023167292,0.00014921093,0.000008317317,0.012850484,0.00046058188,0.00005240806,0.000029048137,0.00030073605,0.0005953892,0.0011309037,0.98383945,0.0003517735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013021888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000058074387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98381704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020745987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012788157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97695845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394879484","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4797138","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water Using Novel Electroconductive Membranes in a Hybrid Membrane Distillation and Electro-Fenton Process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Membrane; Process (computing); Distillation; Process engineering; Contamination; Chemistry; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Computer science; Chromatography; Engineering; Desalination; Ecology","score_opus":0.014483961319278003,"score_gpt":0.269758838117951,"score_spread":0.255274876798673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394879484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99290556,0.0032137625,0.0024178217,0.00027447724,0.00021625562,0.00056647015,0.0000219084,0.0000736514,0.00031008144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969726,0.0020962069,0.000509803,0.000013743638,0.000101264966,0.000021128348,0.00004161097,0.00006370893,0.00017990016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99561554,0.000112865695,0.00086989545,0.0008540798,0.0006177951,0.0019298465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903405,0.000050975166,0.00048040293,0.0003170099,0.000047441845,0.000070124894],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013008828,0.000496963,0.0006886646,0.00038504758,0.00013739866,0.00010241425,0.00049941015,0.00029397936,0.00013906021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007952409,0.00040752933,0.0001361146,0.00029610575,0.00023011355,0.00032668593,0.00050803775,0.0036797489,0.000012973493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022819983,0.00009684177,0.00061705697,0.00019892068,0.00025090826,0.000048449747,0.0016618604,0.006123144,0.9831853,0.00080866495,0.0000021419826,0.0067785443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011192026,0.00022201047,0.00031113366,0.00042415512,0.00026040518,0.0023211162,0.002130468,0.03220645,0.65427995,0.30582914,0.00010520179,0.0007908072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015181857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018429378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32890534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019628236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005933653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394931656","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2024.2343128","title":"Phased-inline coagulation for low-pressure membranes in water and wastewater treatment: a review of fouling mitigation, process control, and water quality","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Technology Reviews","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coagulation; Fouling; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Water quality; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Process (computing); Waste management; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Medicine","score_opus":0.030677284052733136,"score_gpt":0.33956151742000346,"score_spread":0.30888423336727033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394931656","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0055025844,0.98785174,0.00002066517,0.00054950605,0.00005168183,0.0057596257,0.00012907323,0.00010513467,0.000029994433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004815717,0.99178714,0.0003255518,0.00006513206,0.000019388124,0.0021857875,0.00046671502,0.00005905152,0.00027551973],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99630237,0.00022955053,0.0018268722,0.0010071639,0.00020493403,0.00042913796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879634,0.00007039098,0.00044454468,0.0006283934,0.000004302667,0.00005601787],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009996134,0.0006986413,0.002748542,0.0002655608,0.000090872476,0.000021964264,0.00032853844,0.00060879666,0.00025642323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007881303,0.00038064292,0.00028026974,0.00021152668,0.0007391974,0.00022603186,0.00021707387,0.00030643345,0.00012814363],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023242621,0.00023891468,0.000226732,0.268667,0.00020874824,0.000006861988,0.00023780795,0.0000061912656,0.010414214,0.000052471263,0.000085345724,0.7198325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000766629,0.00021731916,0.000003372033,0.028022068,0.0015665898,0.000059489434,0.00003957167,0.000048106012,0.012581089,0.0006196649,0.9555337,0.0005424278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006268857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008894656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9554483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016317346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008613567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394963243","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.3c02960","title":"Electrochemical Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) Membranes Using Polyethylenimine Cross-Linked Polydopamine-Bound Carbon Nanotubes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Colleges and Universities","keywords":"Polyethylenimine; Membrane; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Carbon nanotube; Electrochemistry; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Surface modification; Zeta potential; Nanomaterials; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Nanoparticle; Electrode","score_opus":0.014842197964462466,"score_gpt":0.2665297805433562,"score_spread":0.25168758257889373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394963243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907685,0.0029286921,0.000046607314,0.00035260752,0.0009037829,0.0004947429,0.00004483837,0.0010147119,0.0034455233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965855,0.00013916178,0.00045281026,0.0002763242,0.00047907647,0.0001164706,0.00006805375,0.00012968798,0.0017529508],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963516,0.000064357344,0.00087858137,0.0010692963,0.0006685609,0.00096759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870646,0.0001490022,0.00017262937,0.00080102804,0.0000133056865,0.00015759165],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042033463,0.0006126731,0.00063048216,0.00020393934,0.00024204486,0.0005943623,0.00074725744,0.000452984,0.0038769697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050161336,0.00056403247,0.00009108257,0.0006518694,0.00064085156,0.00033828468,0.00054956315,0.0002627337,0.0006253115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000119612436,0.00004112687,0.00011313666,0.000096932126,0.000056541034,0.000021973843,0.00014786069,0.0000066060925,0.9971825,0.0012798032,0.0001242115,0.0008097194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003505639,0.0000471845,0.00024915973,0.000035190773,0.000081951206,0.00008149043,0.00004317171,0.00006847884,0.9966968,0.000742739,0.00097055314,0.0006326937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011249487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021956996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0058169705,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028187517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006832942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395026307","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad41e8","title":"Metal cation crosslinked, partially reduced graphene oxide membranes with enhanced stability for high salinity, produced water treatment by pervaporative separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Qatar National Research Fund; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Materials science; Graphene; Oxide; Membrane; Metal; Chemical engineering; Pervaporation; Salinity; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Permeation; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02094879548136901,"score_gpt":0.2811982933798594,"score_spread":0.2602494978984904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395026307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813873,0.0001079003,0.0100293765,0.0049605663,0.00018050823,0.0019358846,0.00005667219,0.0012769283,0.00006484092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99514425,0.000056136523,0.0023942124,0.000052519954,0.000023719034,0.0015350817,0.00030930174,0.00003967792,0.00044509216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976252,0.000089743495,0.00047334813,0.001050817,0.00027955763,0.00048135448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990191,0.00009340427,0.00011917033,0.0006602464,0.000058795657,0.00004932379],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036803083,0.00035924817,0.00039064055,0.000132138,0.0002559097,0.000065476794,0.00030534383,0.00043128044,0.00031861864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000111237125,0.00023864147,0.00008734275,0.0004922968,0.0006545789,0.0005799928,0.000100603225,0.0001918274,0.0001743548],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021768078,0.00015908552,0.0000921651,0.000038781924,0.00007609925,0.000002412787,0.0005737483,0.00038399792,0.9936808,0.0012093096,0.000112014764,0.0034539278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066830294,0.0010290449,0.000072112176,0.000009956341,0.0000821621,0.000008691544,0.00019104576,0.00046187523,0.98872936,0.0059190886,0.0025164708,0.00031188992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035942535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094870257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0137569355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004003438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061900246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9731517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395044103","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.151564","title":"Biochar decorated with metal–organic framework nanoparticles as robust modifier to manipulate nanofiltration mixed matrix membranes characteristics and performance","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Membrane; Biochar; Contact angle; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Fouling; Zeta potential; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanoparticle; Chromatography; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01035265826709335,"score_gpt":0.21289102554459277,"score_spread":0.2025383672774994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395044103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97855794,0.00022131907,0.020426925,0.00025251316,0.00018863397,0.00009900098,0.0000019654258,0.00022770534,0.000023963972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98024327,0.000103848484,0.019396847,0.00003242769,0.0000645741,0.00000934478,0.000003679237,0.000031235228,0.00011475494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900365,0.000008288464,0.00024739638,0.00024006396,0.00024017373,0.00026043915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996027,0.00004450495,0.000042190026,0.00013892812,0.000014349837,0.00015737869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014780181,0.0001821082,0.00016479097,0.00007467091,0.00007707918,0.00020293464,0.00016224195,0.00011439114,0.00045317665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000117245676,0.00014532518,0.00002591541,0.00039765658,0.000055599972,0.0003153666,0.00007251809,0.0003233163,0.00025022376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024518062,0.000010674341,0.00024621468,0.000056241573,0.00002251247,0.000025752008,0.00009860631,0.015233366,0.98283905,0.00012329259,0.00004006368,0.0012796925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009066222,0.00008301392,0.0012539069,0.00013734233,0.000029622812,0.0004520014,0.000018051796,0.07323273,0.9240839,0.000068101916,0.00033039635,0.00022026619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016414668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.644531e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058755167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008794406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013355991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5926188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395453695","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2023-0164","title":"Construction of new hydrophobic δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> flower-like/kaolin/(3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane/metal mesh membrane for oil/water separation: modeling of fouling process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Triethoxysilane; Chemistry; Membrane; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Chemical engineering; Filtration (mathematics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013238762046637117,"score_gpt":0.2401229593198957,"score_spread":0.22688419727325856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395453695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99543214,0.00042097623,0.0024051738,0.0003047022,0.00034238782,0.00010530429,0.000026189176,0.000024446172,0.0009387094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775434,0.000050194987,0.0016661045,0.000019629171,0.00014865359,0.0000060834145,0.00001781762,0.000024523637,0.00031265052],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983025,0.000015011608,0.0007842071,0.00025541795,0.0003313945,0.0003114538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991043,0.000034006374,0.00025973737,0.00021148198,0.0001038969,0.0002865443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003682501,0.00019698533,0.00037454517,0.00012601301,0.000085676904,0.000046113135,0.0003385709,0.00021417935,0.00042894107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010167519,0.00017234635,0.00017918719,0.00028895854,0.00025421675,0.0003531654,0.000021517531,0.0002888163,0.000009030107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045149693,0.000008535715,0.00004942412,0.00042432453,0.000053337382,0.00002169897,0.0006243662,0.038000464,0.95637584,0.0000074549944,0.00028793575,0.0041014683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036296248,0.0000518425,0.0000014945209,0.00016838063,0.00007229078,0.00029161916,0.000482834,0.029205976,0.9678047,0.00086575036,0.0005185822,0.00017362105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002010314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034428082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011428807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022002588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007587432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.702808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395670042","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2024.1355598","title":"Modeling pore wetting in direct contact membrane distillation—effect of interfacial capillary pressure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Wetting; Membrane distillation; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Contact angle; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Porous medium; Porosity; Desalination","score_opus":0.005199589135993494,"score_gpt":0.23476240569427498,"score_spread":0.22956281655828148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395670042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916709,0.0019054543,0.0007703132,0.00075082894,0.00051166315,0.00047487795,0.000006303554,0.0002870565,0.0036225906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982534,0.00028528937,0.0013053719,0.000014455256,0.000010492735,0.000036224337,0.0000028655613,0.000014215291,0.00007767584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977967,0.000058066176,0.00046110983,0.0007506039,0.00046339707,0.00047012145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994343,0.000070488946,0.000069939306,0.00035570475,0.000022100907,0.000047450103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015631082,0.00022389978,0.00045305674,0.001247432,0.00011596068,0.000053759046,0.00062266993,0.00026122454,0.00005105281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007460483,0.00019236395,0.00003349556,0.0032966272,0.0013539958,0.00061636907,0.00038180087,0.00042002214,0.0000076727865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018413516,0.00007943854,0.20332627,0.00072811905,0.00004880468,0.00019072076,0.0015911317,0.04559567,0.58603513,0.0028566152,0.0005099245,0.15885405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051534164,0.0002300298,0.0007089522,0.00024127786,0.000024997002,0.000035314264,0.0006088189,0.61003786,0.38447112,0.0016113217,0.0011944324,0.00032052095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001909253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000114052615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5644422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016879925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006190242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7844374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395955232","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172772","title":"Optimizing energy efficiency in brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO): A comprehensive study on prioritizing critical operating parameters for specific energy consumption minimization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; American Water Works Association","keywords":"Brackish water; Reverse osmosis; Energy consumption; Minification; Environmental science; Efficient energy use; Energy minimization; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Chemistry; Geology; Membrane","score_opus":0.031081830335316363,"score_gpt":0.2661087231779767,"score_spread":0.23502689284266032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395955232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99502355,0.00008581762,0.002588454,0.0010763616,0.00031714462,0.00056576135,0.000005574727,0.000044329754,0.0002930237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971861,0.00005226672,0.0024156002,0.000082843835,0.000013689246,0.000099289384,0.0000015680283,0.0000147577875,0.00013384032],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977356,0.00014812649,0.0004061406,0.0005995274,0.00070267735,0.00040791326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999019,0.00032116286,0.00006595085,0.00054049154,0.000007823423,0.000045519868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062072574,0.00019045408,0.00018015434,0.00010947822,0.00046403238,0.00013320583,0.0006429503,0.000051020837,0.00014062594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000105479885,0.00011165327,0.00008127781,0.00035900922,0.001639412,0.0003446292,0.0005660645,0.00013800434,0.00003767938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026635327,0.0002169769,0.000038460563,0.000013545563,0.000007566337,0.0000035132489,0.0025351585,0.52966136,0.46361777,0.001328003,0.00007734422,0.0024736787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006688228,0.0007246697,0.00470843,0.00019071187,0.00005354155,0.000023863488,0.004780392,0.2669107,0.7200288,0.0009738477,0.0004495884,0.00048661648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009706161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033262052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26275063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040448166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014154685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6040482},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396701062","doi":"10.11159/iceptp24.140","title":"Nature-Inspired Hydrodynamic Techniques to Enhance Membrane Separation Performance – A CFD+DEM Case Study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Separation (statistics); Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Machine learning","score_opus":0.004092729484531405,"score_gpt":0.23727429694177732,"score_spread":0.23318156745724591,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396701062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99750865,0.00008090975,0.000008653649,0.00017547354,0.0003312472,0.0007725833,0.0000108069735,0.00028024777,0.00083145074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980708,0.00004410069,0.00052390643,0.000056440735,0.000027349492,0.00009488658,0.0000018668097,0.000033561275,0.0011470921],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853814,0.0000055480327,0.00030193478,0.000514484,0.00037294603,0.00026693544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996032,0.000036235662,0.0000852404,0.0001987341,0.0000037137,0.00007284805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015770123,0.00030195952,0.00022628275,0.00015999157,0.0001766748,0.00009769459,0.00035255196,0.00009059508,0.00010931766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021781294,0.00023156356,0.00005548828,0.00040742228,0.0001373398,0.00046554257,0.00035682114,0.00040338942,0.00001509462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073124844,0.00007592986,0.008497968,0.00038489533,0.000097809854,0.000057108762,0.0011285917,0.017638965,0.9535302,0.00038817024,0.0008093878,0.017317854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001750229,0.00032644687,0.009647536,0.0002887371,0.000058102658,0.0003713665,0.00059736357,0.09286305,0.893206,0.00006588862,0.0018461714,0.0005543228],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028422986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000077064804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07522409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019522024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002629604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9442888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396713313","doi":"10.1039/d4va00058g","title":"A review of current developments in graphene oxide–polysulfone derived membranes for water remediation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Environmental remediation; Current (fluid); Groundwater remediation; Materials science; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Contamination; Metallurgy; Ecology; Electrical engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.03390748792264927,"score_gpt":0.3342492434147305,"score_spread":0.30034175549208125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396713313","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012096321,0.9960289,0.000035118002,0.000028587856,0.0003943932,0.0020282364,0.00004785497,0.000054790675,0.00017247561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000795928,0.99662334,0.001553797,0.0000447856,0.000017028715,0.000753598,0.00013242284,0.00003176735,0.00004732947],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963048,0.00006764891,0.0011359797,0.0010501,0.00084725866,0.00059421087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989422,0.000074411844,0.00042063894,0.00046202992,0.0000044652847,0.00009625611],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011200572,0.00048422685,0.0010799832,0.00034799913,0.00013857815,0.000028918215,0.0010489997,0.00010451732,0.00024073198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012511807,0.0003210528,0.00025565687,0.0010449451,0.0013216696,0.001028689,0.0006276528,0.00025092525,0.0004542122],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038814783,0.000098082295,0.000041890093,0.049817402,0.0000118363005,0.0000022781262,0.000089001755,0.000018645442,0.0064720297,0.00001650163,0.000070532726,0.94335794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012634772,0.000043953758,0.00004677752,0.025644282,0.00016177427,0.0000089844425,0.000034207922,0.0000062484723,0.018779693,0.00024766673,0.95442134,0.0004787078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000090361145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019362307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9543508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070355664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065756416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396993971","doi":"10.1007/s10924-024-03300-x","title":"Enhanced Nanofiltration Performance of the PVC/PVA Thin Film Membranes for Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater through Incorporation of Amino-functionalized SBA-15 Nanoparticles","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Refinery; Wastewater; Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.011788692142753746,"score_gpt":0.21521439961258118,"score_spread":0.20342570746982744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396993971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99612373,0.0018592607,0.00039893476,0.0009651699,0.00016976112,0.00024452657,0.000010648424,0.0000047375893,0.00022320115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970576,0.0015610749,0.0005100887,0.000018457074,0.00002346718,0.000020150437,0.000002396288,0.000007693851,0.00079905026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988033,0.000073589006,0.000556773,0.000118787204,0.00034871497,0.00009884326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914384,0.00012215138,0.00052597356,0.00018308529,0.0000070530996,0.00001789709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031250977,0.00011806008,0.00025683764,0.00003481274,0.00007746012,0.000010820644,0.0001269171,0.000048439964,0.00030194913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015212015,0.00005807161,0.00014411978,0.00007740526,0.0004998326,0.00023975661,0.000042395335,0.000041796753,0.0000024047451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005393595,0.00012490727,0.00051483174,0.0000844851,0.00009360421,3.1841032e-7,0.0014196669,0.021145478,0.9718842,0.0007320877,0.000050606897,0.0034104758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001184346,0.0006932215,0.0016680164,0.000049858172,0.00010933864,0.000007721325,0.000421774,0.0052145235,0.98857725,0.00092104136,0.0010923089,0.000060577226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034696037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000055995447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016693095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007183372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017136954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33061314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398187114","doi":"10.1039/d4ew00239c","title":"The impact of secondary operating temperature on in-line coagulation/flocculation and fouling of membranes used in tertiary treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Anhui University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Fouling; Flocculation; Coagulation; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Medicine; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.026098321264055237,"score_gpt":0.342353812425473,"score_spread":0.31625549116141777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398187114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99795514,0.00026563712,0.0000030742322,0.0010247382,0.000024125631,0.0005189231,0.0000062537492,0.00003565251,0.00016647646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955827,0.00018025814,0.00011438657,0.0000031499837,0.000004906531,0.0000557889,0.000005648221,0.000009355619,0.00006822802],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807274,0.00009808877,0.0003636924,0.0004774895,0.0005266662,0.0004613355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994407,0.00012832836,0.000035508252,0.00035253755,0.000004580035,0.00003830592],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001469247,0.00014393432,0.00017265018,0.0006416147,0.00024019853,0.000058217727,0.00040870908,0.0001353724,0.00016373277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007945048,0.000079588455,0.000034746736,0.0009578913,0.0029795575,0.00038312827,0.00042551805,0.00037944113,0.000025916152],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001558473,0.00007042988,0.08384827,0.000008359168,0.00000461922,0.000012563354,0.00068157614,0.01146152,0.890153,0.000096043936,0.0000024024632,0.013645618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002686592,0.00047971465,0.16443777,0.00004278551,0.0000013302704,0.000012349915,0.00073468627,0.015618735,0.81696594,0.0013221877,0.00003108421,0.000084742336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042968712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018410332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08058951,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007566113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039305673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398207163","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4837709","title":"Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water Using Novel Electroconductive Membranes in a Hybrid Membrane Distillation and Electro-Fenton Process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Process (computing); Contamination; Process engineering; Chemistry; Distillation; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Computer science; Desalination; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.014483961319278003,"score_gpt":0.269758838117951,"score_spread":0.255274876798673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398207163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99290556,0.0032137625,0.0024178217,0.00027447724,0.00021625562,0.00056647015,0.0000219084,0.0000736514,0.00031008144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969726,0.0020962069,0.000509803,0.000013743638,0.000101264966,0.000021128348,0.00004161097,0.00006370893,0.00017990016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99561554,0.000112865695,0.00086989545,0.0008540798,0.0006177951,0.0019298465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903405,0.000050975166,0.00048040293,0.0003170099,0.000047441845,0.000070124894],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013008828,0.000496963,0.0006886646,0.00038504758,0.00013739866,0.00010241425,0.00049941015,0.00029397936,0.00013906021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007952409,0.00040752933,0.0001361146,0.00029610575,0.00023011355,0.00032668593,0.00050803775,0.0036797489,0.000012973493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022819983,0.00009684177,0.00061705697,0.00019892068,0.00025090826,0.000048449747,0.0016618604,0.006123144,0.9831853,0.00080866495,0.0000021419826,0.0067785443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011192026,0.00022201047,0.00031113366,0.00042415512,0.00026040518,0.0023211162,0.002130468,0.03220645,0.65427995,0.30582914,0.00010520179,0.0007908072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015181857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018429378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32890534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019628236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005933653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399013045","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105523","title":"Advancements and challenges in membrane bioreactor performance for decentralized and low-temperature applications: A comprehensive review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reuse; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Sewage treatment; Environmental science; Biochemical engineering; Wastewater; Bioreactor; Process engineering; Fouling; Computer science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Membrane; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04081251626175124,"score_gpt":0.3036162007936395,"score_spread":0.26280368453188824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399013045","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014392551,0.99737036,0.000019583693,0.00011498275,0.00005796241,0.0009647051,0.000006191386,0.00002281062,0.000004121732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001850326,0.99874866,0.00070617546,0.000012389871,0.000028188655,0.00027295807,0.000008194689,0.000028362489,0.000010065649],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998829,0.0000119199085,0.0005770287,0.0002343531,0.00015647912,0.00019123012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995963,0.00003084956,0.00018168171,0.00011380505,0.000024552404,0.0000528259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020157247,0.00026217577,0.0008432772,0.00014747644,0.000021544693,0.00003172731,0.00019181203,0.00012304077,0.000009785917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002274465,0.00016018892,0.00007176246,0.00015192149,0.00003307142,0.00026678314,0.00007694576,0.0003019955,0.000004861268],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008204622,0.000025522462,0.0000028213565,0.49438807,0.00007794612,0.00000831225,0.0001703316,0.00018631357,0.00069130067,0.0000079641595,0.000029508788,0.5044037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023614385,0.0000541639,0.00000349749,0.04934009,0.0002591695,0.00019336653,0.000018879044,0.00012282212,0.0011203426,0.0000142932195,0.9483952,0.00024206266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.0168143e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3790306e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9483656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077294564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000137698335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65323144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399142874","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100129","title":"Unveiling the intricacies of protein-protein interactions and membrane fouling: Exploring hetero-protein complex formation in binary mixtures","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Engineering Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"DLVO theory; Fouling; Lysozyme; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Bovine serum albumin; Membrane; Protein adsorption; Chemical physics; Biophysics; Adsorption; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Biology; Physical chemistry; Colloid","score_opus":0.028452948423893683,"score_gpt":0.2608517681779667,"score_spread":0.232398819754073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399142874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98578566,0.0014591668,0.01075237,0.0010800039,0.00013497804,0.0004400036,0.0000047390445,0.00025464225,0.000088428635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939391,0.00010848825,0.0056131417,0.000007355454,0.000033620137,0.00023232844,0.000005927271,0.000012000103,0.000048030543],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895215,0.000025428004,0.00033532825,0.00021785444,0.00027250545,0.00019675169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963766,0.000106984175,0.000053023177,0.0001521504,0.000005372723,0.000044822085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021666323,0.00013866152,0.00015340144,0.00018979775,0.00006310193,0.000039376184,0.0001931735,0.000050037488,0.00009724661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025278298,0.00009997622,0.00003307009,0.00060930115,0.00023078758,0.00068055035,0.00014691659,0.00024209637,0.000016703943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009184215,0.000019951665,0.000008386697,0.00028247043,0.0000063392663,0.000008594992,0.00032757095,0.008079585,0.95709294,0.00039074133,0.000012467846,0.033761762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002374019,0.00012851057,0.00049301813,0.0008139476,0.000007347159,0.000023969022,0.00051117863,0.21955307,0.7299477,0.00065313786,0.0473657,0.0002650627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032085893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008668475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22714528,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007202852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005126336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4076912},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399273911","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128256","title":"Green nanoparticles blending with polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane for antifouling oily wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Membrane; Contact angle; Materials science; Biofouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemical engineering; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Ultimate tensile strength; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Composite material; Chemistry; Polymer; Chromatography","score_opus":0.01772857942459195,"score_gpt":0.27233845335342466,"score_spread":0.2546098739288327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399273911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827228,0.00038918093,0.0062412764,0.00778365,0.000099586236,0.00092980795,0.000020149551,0.0010265956,0.0007869072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99286705,0.00016799322,0.004755238,0.000042097123,0.00003142799,0.00043671142,0.00007233787,0.000021567594,0.0016055919],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880683,0.000025270916,0.0002844125,0.0004994585,0.00013905622,0.00024499636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999513,0.00006548993,0.00007886262,0.00028029704,0.000019102466,0.000043299402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016539708,0.00018632713,0.00016270141,0.00024769027,0.00025258557,0.00012111612,0.000120981225,0.00018204536,0.00017869167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023234765,0.0001448955,0.000031882475,0.00056219654,0.00023869696,0.0004137404,0.00002053467,0.000083940286,0.0001609355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053765612,0.00004419055,0.0007181006,0.00003683482,0.000030169464,0.00000234891,0.00042077195,0.00038542502,0.94037485,0.014328351,0.00020364365,0.043401565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038832094,0.00041425586,0.00024517206,0.000020848676,0.00004422332,0.000043694756,0.0003606174,0.013020588,0.9493919,0.0023745676,0.033488967,0.00020681662],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004548992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010265237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04319475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000106246574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023402268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5908667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399364303","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00341","title":"Thermo- and CO<sub>2</sub>-Responsive Copolymers for Forward Osmosis Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Innovationsfonden","keywords":"Copolymer; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.051980303895616684,"score_gpt":0.3312916724446304,"score_spread":0.2793113685490137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399364303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946244,0.00033662195,0.0005536934,0.00097296614,0.00008163064,0.0010098849,0.000090322916,0.00040051958,0.0019299808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980728,0.00007179538,0.00006536254,0.000006503391,0.0002017205,0.0008722051,0.000026297734,0.000033766108,0.00064955547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986098,0.000018243407,0.00018111554,0.00041065228,0.00037577673,0.0004044362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892896,0.00062795426,0.00001833229,0.00028199595,0.000021179658,0.000121590565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006140268,0.00014164162,0.00013176323,0.00007167529,0.00014581958,0.00012925238,0.0002846428,0.00022830568,0.00018042166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004676658,0.0001426432,0.000048791495,0.00054367754,0.00025263827,0.00010856492,0.0001571123,0.00054573664,0.000084808766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024071369,0.000009615531,0.00003759557,0.000055746994,0.000022484437,0.0000035830026,0.000037272242,0.00051781867,0.9778497,0.00006632933,0.007468455,0.013907294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021091998,0.000027331167,0.000013834122,0.000029636389,0.000007853185,0.000008295611,0.00009574393,0.003841499,0.93997955,0.000120243734,0.055527736,0.00013736666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015277801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5596224e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04805928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022787055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058431815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5816821},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399779471","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105528","title":"Application of polyelectrolytes for contaminant removal and recovery during water and wastewater treatment: A critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Wastewater; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015209140103013582,"score_gpt":0.2811970144606782,"score_spread":0.2659878743576646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399779471","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0062432797,0.992573,0.00046645614,0.00011468447,0.00005757899,0.0005079277,0.0000070094497,0.000023265964,0.000006782563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004161175,0.99467015,0.00088223495,0.0000039988,0.00004984518,0.00009280658,0.000007300805,0.000036034915,0.00009647714],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987039,0.000014096629,0.00068414817,0.00022188202,0.00014142437,0.00023455953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996429,0.000039811846,0.0001241252,0.00012071007,0.000020143741,0.000052321662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002659035,0.00026134873,0.0009376256,0.00013998359,0.000029843854,0.000033452205,0.00013105012,0.00011888595,0.000011540865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041130683,0.00012780602,0.00015408837,0.0000652726,0.00005145395,0.00021773574,0.00007312308,0.00015855492,0.000004571659],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067627465,0.000086088,0.0000071717377,0.42347708,0.0005059876,0.00009683538,0.0006642304,0.00022718139,0.052779857,0.000047115613,0.00004834303,0.52199244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078312884,0.0012379775,0.0000041475305,0.066749945,0.0048484937,0.007553036,0.000031035634,0.0014047343,0.34377846,0.000491947,0.57210803,0.0010090714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017217402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5786837e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5720597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010556501,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000978672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5211778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399828019","doi":"10.32920/26052784.v1","title":"Membrane Stress and Replication Instability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Replication (statistics); Instability; Stress (linguistics); Cell biology; Materials science; Physics; Biology; Mechanics; Virology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.021670131777103648,"score_gpt":0.2768961234032847,"score_spread":0.25522599162618104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399828019","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88084525,0.00010241996,0.00013297265,0.0020603987,0.000143101,0.0004472474,0.000027798342,0.00066112174,0.115579665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994891,0.00014172375,0.0020986227,0.000067720655,0.000013772396,0.0000845899,0.00002877642,0.000011590406,0.0026622203],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985939,0.000026429649,0.0002176356,0.00085038575,0.00019443518,0.00011716608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986657,0.00003008951,0.000062171974,0.0011972897,0.0000049126675,0.00003982954],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000265114,0.00015366507,0.0001466686,0.00003635139,0.000038209815,0.00007595239,0.00027049935,0.00023642665,0.0024705534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011784785,0.00012902549,0.000033380285,0.00010441704,0.00024757636,0.00005174218,0.0031360625,0.00039341295,0.00053813355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000099865414,0.00074978673,0.11480259,0.007863453,0.00026105644,0.00004287247,0.004056073,0.020714035,0.15172727,0.062168177,0.0524645,0.5850503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023790324,0.00007012128,0.0535155,0.00020488573,0.00009342184,0.00001303715,0.00042766062,0.021148518,0.66816646,0.23740338,0.017536776,0.0011823543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042665337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031378833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58386797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010899314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011882231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99844134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399828236","doi":"10.32920/26052784","title":"Membrane Stress and Replication Instability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Replication (statistics); Instability; Stress (linguistics); Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Biology; Philosophy; Virology","score_opus":0.021670131777103648,"score_gpt":0.2768961234032847,"score_spread":0.25522599162618104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399828236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88084525,0.00010241996,0.00013297265,0.0020603987,0.000143101,0.0004472474,0.000027798342,0.00066112174,0.115579665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994891,0.00014172375,0.0020986227,0.000067720655,0.000013772396,0.0000845899,0.00002877642,0.000011590406,0.0026622203],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985939,0.000026429649,0.0002176356,0.00085038575,0.00019443518,0.00011716608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986657,0.00003008951,0.000062171974,0.0011972897,0.0000049126675,0.00003982954],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000265114,0.00015366507,0.0001466686,0.00003635139,0.000038209815,0.00007595239,0.00027049935,0.00023642665,0.0024705534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011784785,0.00012902549,0.000033380285,0.00010441704,0.00024757636,0.00005174218,0.0031360625,0.00039341295,0.00053813355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000099865414,0.00074978673,0.11480259,0.007863453,0.00026105644,0.00004287247,0.004056073,0.020714035,0.15172727,0.062168177,0.0524645,0.5850503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023790324,0.00007012128,0.0535155,0.00020488573,0.00009342184,0.00001303715,0.00042766062,0.021148518,0.66816646,0.23740338,0.017536776,0.0011823543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042665337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031378833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58386797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010899314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011882231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99844134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400258403","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128644","title":"Challenges and potentials of hybrid Membrane-crystallization processes in sustainable zero liquid discharge process and energy cost estimation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Crystallization; Process (computing); Energy (signal processing); Zero (linguistics); Process engineering; Materials science; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.013014097329185539,"score_gpt":0.27207100103703485,"score_spread":0.25905690370784934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400258403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93408006,0.013924824,0.041907027,0.005933502,0.00005262762,0.0008444665,0.000011583181,0.00056784076,0.0026780642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882042,0.01061892,0.00046861861,0.000020429115,0.000004735563,0.00020800545,0.000044959255,0.000013094897,0.00041702777],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881476,0.000039509356,0.00035614253,0.00045847567,0.00015104603,0.00018005811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995518,0.0000510507,0.00013364885,0.00017810908,0.00005164669,0.000033763128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027736192,0.00014952746,0.00018739421,0.0004166856,0.00009129099,0.000054764896,0.000103884035,0.00015210504,0.000037114183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020855207,0.00014448154,0.000009256874,0.0005988601,0.00034379368,0.0006889863,0.00007267632,0.00009369554,0.0000048367947],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020076382,0.0002709003,0.0010821933,0.0035839952,0.000044822613,0.000017415987,0.0046278685,0.004435602,0.17674996,0.55786914,0.00025363127,0.25086373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007549398,0.00050634565,0.0019454481,0.0002260018,0.000052783027,0.00015748951,0.0035056828,0.06705319,0.8276172,0.078177646,0.019386517,0.00061673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023431372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007918815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6508673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038185928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000327193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5891786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400268997","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.113467","title":"Molecular heterostructured interlayer for fabrication of high-performance thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fabrication; Thin-film composite membrane; Membrane; Materials science; Composite number; Chemical engineering; Thin film; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.00448436081855013,"score_gpt":0.19202973747179303,"score_spread":0.1875453766532429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400268997","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99238676,0.00030114356,0.0068403664,0.00008874507,0.00019281068,0.00011653215,0.000015894158,0.000034090994,0.000023645678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98890716,0.00007043952,0.0109053785,0.00002894716,0.00003283775,0.000006669793,0.0000075339385,0.000021022266,0.000019983412],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902624,0.000006696161,0.0004106728,0.00015417473,0.000260517,0.00014169807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996188,0.000055143995,0.00013085382,0.00013946247,0.0000038340117,0.00005185243],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011291117,0.00014131842,0.00020719193,0.00006767023,0.00001597049,0.000016659262,0.00023804787,0.00008800018,0.00018166495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003441277,0.00012480984,0.00011329211,0.000104810984,0.0000768283,0.00028475162,0.000088441164,0.00018686445,0.000010288919],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024631938,0.000019826779,0.00013845121,0.00009061583,0.000029792356,0.0000032430949,0.00005490773,0.12944973,0.8684866,0.000010921873,0.00011348231,0.0015777963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020876399,0.00007689926,0.001160564,0.00007597002,0.000032596996,0.0000411638,0.000019181143,0.06092819,0.936766,0.000061185005,0.0005130537,0.00011639062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020548455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.374989e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06852154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018603298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002900773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5089598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400272809","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c06082","title":"An Innovative Surface Modification Technique for Antifouling Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Materials science; Biofouling; Surface modification; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023380575063482154,"score_gpt":0.29757400016640534,"score_spread":0.27419342510292316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400272809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98355186,0.000056771307,0.011984344,0.00025813203,0.00030134607,0.001342109,0.00009733686,0.0007237926,0.0016843079],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899556,0.000041466174,0.009048977,0.00005405508,0.000051095554,0.0004990163,0.00015767619,0.00003965328,0.00015243288],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852043,0.000039165123,0.00043666133,0.00056129653,0.0001910408,0.00025138623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993703,0.000081679296,0.00013604188,0.0003604088,0.000027172828,0.000024398956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063526095,0.000227369,0.00021958517,0.00007914074,0.00014261538,0.0003448632,0.00038362815,0.0001789387,0.000402818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003436033,0.00020354171,0.000010200361,0.00038004667,0.00016935442,0.0005758332,0.000089049325,0.00007990279,0.0002723686],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058009427,0.000026594427,0.000006731769,0.00009835306,0.000014276021,4.909414e-7,0.00049309316,0.0014070744,0.9897643,0.006582032,0.00026176096,0.0012873365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008985725,0.000076951124,0.000028370147,0.00003200532,0.000012353952,0.0000035257158,0.00028113264,0.000111067435,0.9940879,0.0043455358,0.00069311337,0.00023819927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000774553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012111171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006403767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000952081,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016261798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.830019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400683916","doi":"10.1007/s42768-024-00205-2","title":"Nature’s architects: a comprehensive review of extracellular polymeric substances and their diverse applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Extracellular; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.011308587195098321,"score_gpt":0.27408790298726365,"score_spread":0.26277931579216535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400683916","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000030380515,0.9965367,0.00026095015,0.000065254375,0.00007020026,0.0009897604,0.00008104025,0.0001396646,0.0018260487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00020423564,0.9937773,0.00009870265,0.00009241266,0.000044639804,0.00065199286,0.00018198013,0.000060003615,0.0048887543],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99752367,0.00015039189,0.0007104399,0.0007858605,0.0003261445,0.00050347194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841565,0.00016479236,0.00048379463,0.00078146014,0.000042698466,0.00011160248],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018221306,0.0005871123,0.0014018368,0.00021691593,0.00014235282,0.000046847985,0.0007200634,0.0003418763,0.00021740052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004926189,0.00041542092,0.00035769457,0.0014653481,0.0005928357,0.00015981655,0.00082009914,0.00052253855,0.000039361916],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052034834,0.000058659225,9.596074e-7,0.15767555,0.00013293096,0.0000617739,0.000085993175,0.000017598953,0.000046899684,0.024900526,0.0024245703,0.8145893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000051154722,0.000041067575,3.1944904e-7,0.011069503,0.00039266355,0.0000342931,0.0015919309,0.000016841812,0.00013292335,0.0009695003,0.98531395,0.00038586353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019331436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000211964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98288935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001938479,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010867811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400697411","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128834","title":"Antibiotic oxidation and fouling control of ceramic microfiltration membrane through effective heterogeneous electro-Fenton process based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and Cu-Fe bimetallic oxides","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bimetallic strip; Carbon nanotube; Microfiltration; Materials science; Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Carbon fibers; Ceramic; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Metal; Composite material","score_opus":0.007736987800118896,"score_gpt":0.2591484248825928,"score_spread":0.25141143708247393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400697411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98816013,0.001397674,0.0074740103,0.0011326247,0.000058040834,0.001129284,0.000008599182,0.0003718303,0.00026779252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840605,0.0005296575,0.0007602645,0.00008978549,0.000012868346,0.000109415785,0.000042494215,0.0000221978,0.000027259755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842924,0.00010957965,0.00040211377,0.00063507137,0.00020780634,0.0002161859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993289,0.00013451114,0.00019038797,0.0002673703,0.000042825242,0.000035994617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027231927,0.00024610801,0.00028364258,0.0003554306,0.00015288785,0.00008376556,0.00011729578,0.00030427417,0.000025210331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010985396,0.00023266932,0.00003203297,0.000661377,0.0004304367,0.0003023112,0.000025220768,0.00019221104,0.000011149396],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007690478,0.000050977593,0.002078611,0.00012886002,0.00003126456,0.0000014593389,0.00018144272,0.0006425376,0.9827983,0.0027032944,0.0000063210796,0.011300042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004702526,0.0003933324,0.0008105025,0.000046742694,0.000059380236,0.000028755669,0.000097908596,0.110559486,0.8833967,0.0037928496,0.00015037115,0.00019374944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054889224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002804996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10991695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007281736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026119105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94879794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400842874","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.07.060","title":"Functionalised carbon nanotube thin film nanocomposite membranes: A comparison study on the role of backbone monomers and hydraulic pressure on membrane's performance and fouling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Fouling; Monomer; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.010662832961658176,"score_gpt":0.21092220024577807,"score_spread":0.2002593672841199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400842874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956036,0.00078178337,0.00007069297,0.00034432235,0.00004594111,0.0012911475,0.000010043572,0.00008813979,0.0017643278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926555,0.0003627277,0.000011056033,0.000036225156,0.000014731012,0.00017055604,0.000006201269,0.000018200173,0.00011476709],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986366,0.000077314246,0.00028200657,0.0004965913,0.00034320733,0.00016429869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960595,0.0000717306,0.00010273262,0.00017305533,0.0000019050703,0.00004463804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031074136,0.0002242222,0.0002057473,0.00006690305,0.00033469102,0.00004743456,0.00009997389,0.00010017482,0.000093380404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001168964,0.00016631444,0.000024458277,0.00015902639,0.00030181976,0.00026464523,0.0001070483,0.00030169747,0.000010896115],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00350242,0.0012154087,0.04810994,0.001447169,0.0003787987,0.000005563102,0.019306181,0.5232401,0.34160548,0.00017387254,0.000010400302,0.061004654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000871083,0.0016470809,0.038086575,0.00017947421,0.000115389,0.000026599359,0.009310155,0.77445656,0.17215037,0.00026373361,0.0024826536,0.00041031206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012596471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012427518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25121647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005422847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037988139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6782106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401198852","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123148","title":"Study of the dual role mechanism triggered by in-situ cross-linking in hollow fiber membrane matrix","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of China; National Aerospace Science Foundation of China; Algoma University","keywords":"In situ; Mechanism (biology); Membrane; Dual (grammatical number); Fiber; Matrix (chemical analysis); Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Chemistry; Biophysics; Composite material; Physics; Biology; Philosophy; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012743644423655795,"score_gpt":0.29104488992579614,"score_spread":0.27830124550214036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401198852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99613243,0.0002573209,0.000010864981,0.00038119836,0.00056509045,0.00038727646,0.0000025140212,0.000028205508,0.0022351127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99859965,0.000060843035,0.00032019793,0.000032382322,0.000023392073,0.000006322022,1.9318499e-7,0.00001367053,0.0009433782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962173,0.00014122225,0.0010269047,0.00043262748,0.0017544053,0.00042754848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884397,0.00017032582,0.00041145468,0.00044864896,0.00004046251,0.00008511342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038718258,0.00019984838,0.0003982625,0.00046670737,0.0001542851,0.00019196629,0.0015265461,0.00010562338,0.00036712392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034897996,0.00013460379,0.000114624745,0.0030773345,0.00067153585,0.0012381874,0.0004532932,0.00063032744,0.00005574476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005088153,0.00027787668,0.0023804992,0.000027579817,0.0000089208215,0.00009066372,0.0024817318,0.0069359774,0.9859357,0.00015956863,0.00005766525,0.0015929762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018610628,0.00039508185,0.017437369,0.00024089203,0.000028335935,0.0002178145,0.0028354581,0.0015552012,0.9729594,0.0015926386,0.0006116223,0.00026510473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011624499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000260659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015056869,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027889851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017004862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5488983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401280150","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25427","title":"Scaling in reverse osmosis seawater desalination: Mechanism and prevention—A literature review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Fouling; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Reverse osmosis; Biofouling; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Seawater; Membrane technology; Membrane; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.0072365480854299355,"score_gpt":0.21044831272536102,"score_spread":0.2032117646399311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401280150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92198473,0.0559337,0.0016311283,0.019137004,0.00041485898,0.00034944183,0.000004307275,0.00006773733,0.0004771012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99745977,0.00065736537,0.0015891008,0.00017083155,0.000031127547,0.0000031263337,9.4782735e-7,0.000007960829,0.00007975464],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995216,0.000011520449,0.00018097504,0.000070681854,0.000102311984,0.000112886184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997778,0.000032518015,0.000025244743,0.00006954077,0.000008294724,0.000086629516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037721565,0.00006283037,0.0000905437,0.000066512875,0.00002087721,0.000058995927,0.0001315178,0.000050658164,0.0001299783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001511052,0.000044518867,0.0000335442,0.00027581403,0.000031577645,0.0001700034,0.00001836929,0.00026481776,0.000007665282],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024184901,0.000036553145,0.0009250335,0.007172335,0.0002539292,0.0024072393,0.007866726,0.034442592,0.77401835,0.052601468,0.030980553,0.089271024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009814514,0.00013425433,0.0006805531,0.051998228,0.0002840923,0.0045984006,0.00009769664,0.06634083,0.7262203,0.06391234,0.083417304,0.0013345518],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008038801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08793647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015926705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028785773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18154266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401328406","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.106021","title":"Polyamidoamine dendrimer-modified polyvinylidene fluoride microporous membranes for protein separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Reactive and Functional Polymers","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Membrane; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Chemical engineering; Nanofiltration; Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Attenuated total reflection; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Cross-flow filtration; Polyacrylic acid; Chemistry; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.017776816412565514,"score_gpt":0.2624516608692324,"score_spread":0.24467484445666687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401328406","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97087926,0.0032444985,0.01156731,0.0021356842,0.0005971576,0.0010243211,0.00007484492,0.00044447498,0.010032457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98686075,0.00006216596,0.00045315348,0.00013769892,0.00015991888,0.00018806731,0.00008437431,0.00002616167,0.012027705],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987759,0.000024319752,0.00021523915,0.00048695054,0.00024730165,0.0002503023],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995871,0.00010884819,0.000060757375,0.00015586772,0.000013763952,0.00007364393],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001476107,0.00019904632,0.00015921042,0.000116270705,0.00019384777,0.000073873176,0.000078098776,0.00012120123,0.0005626251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005551151,0.00017770864,0.00007953488,0.00024232556,0.00024488993,0.00046732606,0.000057730358,0.00013061447,0.00017768217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018646481,0.00003476422,0.000100800724,0.00004696142,0.00006222573,0.0000051132906,0.0001061671,0.000096113756,0.9769998,0.0023083943,0.0020380602,0.018015144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047923936,0.00021561273,0.0026958303,0.000030979776,0.00006382822,0.00007171035,0.00027655452,0.0033575022,0.94866467,0.0023984131,0.04137898,0.0003666941],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037076784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041485986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039340917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013484612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034516535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7246748},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401330386","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.4c00958","title":"Sustainable Osmotic-Driven Clean Water Recovery through Thermoresponsive Polymer Hydrogels with a Selective Polyamide Coating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Self-healing hydrogels; Coating; Polyamide; Polymer; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.007707329312345554,"score_gpt":0.22247529705993588,"score_spread":0.21476796774759033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401330386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98210734,0.00018606472,0.0001958197,0.0006308481,0.00015725066,0.00081176544,0.000034322522,0.0006670193,0.015209568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906635,0.000024349416,0.00028077903,0.00061563106,0.00009013571,0.00022739607,0.000045615845,0.00010639048,0.007946148],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99727046,0.00011653746,0.00045218095,0.00080297294,0.00042779342,0.000930025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991003,0.00013595354,0.000121122794,0.00055214245,0.000016015874,0.00007445276],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032721102,0.00043440796,0.00043071338,0.00011569628,0.00030627602,0.0003721254,0.00043706872,0.00021180893,0.0039202017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001866682,0.00029809613,0.000050139868,0.0004401046,0.0003979794,0.0006116395,0.00047053685,0.00019665333,0.0018325443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031058028,0.000032775253,0.00003739065,0.000048372487,0.000101672,0.000078466044,0.0027442055,0.00009289715,0.98683023,0.007077747,0.0012198566,0.0014257925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028830735,0.00015352386,0.00011451279,0.0000342015,0.00006332298,0.00004222371,0.0021471414,0.0000062458093,0.9928573,0.0028399325,0.0009943532,0.00045896837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011979186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033983502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008556212,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024907224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052349107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994713},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401391431","doi":"10.3390/membranes14080172","title":"Graphene Oxide Surface Modification of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane via Langmuir–Blodgett Technique: Balancing Performance and Antifouling Properties","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Materials science; Surface modification; Biofouling; Chemical engineering; Graphene; Oxide; Surface roughness; Membrane fouling; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.018449216965813493,"score_gpt":0.22918321523343238,"score_spread":0.21073399826761888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401391431","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945606,0.0010790272,0.0015970045,0.00038115747,0.00010058417,0.00047493502,0.00000821537,0.00050292123,0.0012955372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99328697,0.0012545502,0.004779694,0.000035437482,0.000013204466,0.000047249567,0.000009729828,0.000028345681,0.00054485037],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853075,0.000052553154,0.0003700101,0.00045166645,0.00033800935,0.00025703045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993942,0.0000594417,0.000098853714,0.00037962652,0.00001960782,0.000048311755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005232021,0.0002154371,0.00026099393,0.000111406625,0.00013526547,0.000052384832,0.0002572701,0.00013580378,0.00015974547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056691068,0.0001783386,0.0000556174,0.00055615825,0.0003437409,0.00051794667,0.00013848314,0.00017666265,0.00008855269],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020214786,0.000021416978,0.005411894,0.0007805266,0.000016084006,0.0000039562074,0.00035069516,0.005248162,0.9853619,0.000057276582,0.00019820561,0.0025296854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011069958,0.000040127652,0.0033008612,0.00022596339,0.00003148092,0.000031409047,0.00014385309,0.027831096,0.9661804,0.00013853722,0.0017316815,0.00023392236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049021124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049014376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022582933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005358985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012685851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72724366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401478229","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4922198","title":"Interfacial Demulsification and Antifouling of Oil/Water Separation Membrane by Dynamically Self-Releasing Hydroxide Ions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Hydroxide; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Ion; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemistry; Computer science; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.00585200522961026,"score_gpt":0.24871460143158786,"score_spread":0.2428625962019776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401478229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872466,0.001323266,0.0084925555,0.0012381206,0.00026355122,0.00017771324,0.000010352306,0.00016860879,0.0010792416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99115556,0.006754087,0.0010150531,0.000020346675,0.00005761138,0.000014398658,0.000050487797,0.00003882541,0.00089363183],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99706084,0.00012809441,0.00071463676,0.0005481133,0.0004331507,0.0011151762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992076,0.00003976262,0.0003457153,0.0003077945,0.000029994377,0.000069125206],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010183877,0.0003159284,0.0003501271,0.00017513566,0.00019048866,0.00014806891,0.00044558087,0.0003870255,0.00010577445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006623066,0.00026460446,0.00012513198,0.00015227057,0.00018532261,0.00019905338,0.0007026437,0.003106008,0.00012038844],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060015533,0.00011422348,0.00041356936,0.00014956198,0.0002726107,0.0000028356005,0.00085765886,0.0042857733,0.96447986,0.0034307581,0.0001459007,0.025787255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095679343,0.000465997,0.00029147402,0.00046691578,0.0006385671,0.00063268543,0.0011708577,0.112417,0.5271238,0.35276726,0.0017004162,0.00136824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012725119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025769704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43735602,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013206193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002546789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401479173","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108697","title":"Long-term performance of epoxy-based coatings: Hydrothermal exposure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Organic Coatings","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pembina Manitou Area Foundation; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Epoxy; Hydrothermal circulation; Term (time); Composite material; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.010201807915995398,"score_gpt":0.2499132074897487,"score_spread":0.23971139957375331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401479173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971532,0.0007122196,0.00016521277,0.0003289389,0.00009543614,0.00032946764,0.0000026970522,0.00033324762,0.00087958254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99829006,0.000020267911,0.0013250888,0.000052949224,0.000017189484,0.000063556996,0.0000055168443,0.00003189069,0.00019347166],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854594,0.000034062585,0.0004071388,0.00036501628,0.00036444847,0.00028336025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943805,0.000079590725,0.00013076238,0.00030567963,0.000010337756,0.000035584206],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035382574,0.00017072668,0.00018949904,0.000092740134,0.000056379362,0.00004898695,0.0004053121,0.000111614536,0.003884871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007812517,0.00015606958,0.000041115643,0.00064672093,0.0003794842,0.00023756076,0.00020054587,0.0002378663,0.00021745046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013507355,0.00007423441,0.87660426,0.00027090966,0.000003836096,0.000018241453,0.00065915915,0.000105116036,0.052089598,0.000051722927,0.000059327755,0.07005012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042695558,0.00036071351,0.17184451,0.00041587983,0.000013643166,0.000016075885,0.00006874768,0.007294451,0.8190166,0.00006377168,0.00016951688,0.0003091568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011912683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030063746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.766927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011428242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003347873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401604787","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118020","title":"Enhanced performance of aerobic granular sludge-membrane system through the utilization of different iron-based nano-metal oxides for mitigating membrane fouling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Nano-; Chemical engineering; Metal; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.02208478869360197,"score_gpt":0.26185875263260666,"score_spread":0.2397739639390047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401604787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9431931,0.0001459112,0.054836407,0.00013990466,0.00023128596,0.0008128108,0.000014341152,0.00020539759,0.0004208625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970302,0.00003621351,0.0025716391,0.000018372928,0.000022843871,0.00014692653,0.00008253633,0.000025470572,0.00006580119],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983828,0.0000840224,0.0005733466,0.00032066554,0.0004388272,0.0002003544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901974,0.0003212966,0.00028725047,0.0002991702,0.000052911382,0.000019602787],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048496466,0.00018545992,0.00025318985,0.00008462488,0.0001616505,0.000032302287,0.00027004696,0.00011896658,0.00005159513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001531119,0.0001366341,0.00011747306,0.000478271,0.00022881819,0.0003543382,0.00004782632,0.000097679535,0.0000119334745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034428253,0.000038540882,0.0002202201,0.0013890652,0.0000136128165,2.4116707e-7,0.0005571759,0.03464776,0.9546506,0.00459778,0.0000103369,0.0038402786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024760436,0.00010471971,0.00054764724,0.00024331066,0.00004290968,0.0000012290467,0.00025127412,0.26359993,0.7347095,0.00010743681,0.00004328319,0.00010116723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003418561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001929803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22895218,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014944817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019408393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5571777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401626777","doi":"10.20944/preprints202408.0839.v1","title":"A Novel Modeling Optimization Approach for a Seven-channel Titania Ceramic Membrane in an Oily Wastewater Filtration System Based on Experimentation, Full Factorial Design, and Machine Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Factorial experiment; Permeation; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Linear regression; Materials science; Membrane technology; Chromatography; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.11720841430694712,"score_gpt":0.3072777929363651,"score_spread":0.19006937862941797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401626777","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39884555,0.000015302614,0.5983565,0.000041768144,0.0002319352,0.0018645378,0.000022976137,0.00032460003,0.0002968349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9364775,0.000008547218,0.06167438,0.0000170989,0.000066236506,0.0012027606,0.00040521994,0.00006845412,0.000079803474],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971935,0.00020622772,0.0006103953,0.0012948577,0.00039550688,0.00029949137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904525,0.000072500865,0.00023163023,0.00053942006,0.00003452606,0.000076681594],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091763743,0.0004147808,0.00037332403,0.00025156722,0.00014781293,0.00011711555,0.000337523,0.0004209697,0.00011085117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011912868,0.0004151621,0.000073663,0.0001789855,0.000057638743,0.00024671425,0.00053322245,0.0006175195,0.000040268285],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000277973,0.000105954496,0.0004098434,0.00030330787,0.000014231469,0.0000010467243,0.0014839033,0.8302144,0.16711463,0.000038744893,8.243136e-7,0.00003513332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007502834,0.00010290873,0.000052793857,0.00013473612,0.000031523265,0.0000037975533,0.00048990455,0.90626425,0.091667935,0.00014035955,0.0000015700151,0.00035993793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023045624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023462126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5376319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005912972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004731585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401704466","doi":"10.3390/su16167060","title":"Continuous UV/H2O2 Process: A Sustainable Wastewater Treatment Approach for Enhancing the Biodegradability of Aqueous PVA","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Biodegradation; Response surface methodology; Wastewater; Box–Behnken design; Polyvinyl alcohol; Aqueous solution; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Volumetric flow rate; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00955982723557047,"score_gpt":0.26325975547369007,"score_spread":0.2536999282381196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401704466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856207,0.00043705714,0.0052653365,0.0019150822,0.00007833107,0.0042658714,0.00002541327,0.00039076927,0.0020014765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99347633,0.000007248836,0.00084974914,0.000023543633,0.00002796973,0.0011083162,0.000015237253,0.000021631078,0.0044699507],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976896,0.00013212766,0.0005081824,0.0007396071,0.00029329682,0.0006371624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983433,0.00031379177,0.000097866105,0.0008754224,0.00030972814,0.00005992576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013336419,0.0002692984,0.00035103716,0.00006094939,0.00025687116,0.00009031196,0.00042463402,0.0001420582,0.00016709359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022550258,0.00015999265,0.00019495987,0.00055447494,0.00086094183,0.00029652583,0.00019801229,0.0001467605,0.000011388112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0041502146,0.013622981,0.13851054,0.06332552,0.0013944139,0.0002601599,0.1313052,0.06768827,0.04232288,0.073126905,0.024120416,0.4401725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012879913,0.002357853,0.0033137714,0.00004018386,0.00026008204,0.000025068219,0.13455613,0.024130598,0.5857571,0.19229926,0.0548986,0.0010733877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010111318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012058366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5434342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020472442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029270165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6524311},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402477419","doi":"10.11159/icepr24.126","title":"Advancing Produced Water Treatment: Hollow-Fiber Membrane Efficiency in Oil-Water Separation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on New Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Hollow fiber membrane; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Fiber; Produced water; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Computer science; Geology","score_opus":0.010433434657400337,"score_gpt":0.25524396295621665,"score_spread":0.2448105282988163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402477419","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.965985,0.00014073687,9.722869e-7,0.017351277,0.00037462031,0.0005007635,0.0000021928415,0.0016029889,0.014041457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9522363,0.00010992935,0.00038329783,0.00004126271,0.000017576649,0.00013988485,0.000001920072,0.00002982265,0.047039982],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978908,0.000008345887,0.00043758983,0.0006954179,0.00040369268,0.00056417234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994252,0.000046493165,0.0000940918,0.000388611,0.000017188031,0.000028449407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002803209,0.0003349997,0.00032215237,0.00046908067,0.00013373642,0.00012815243,0.00092832337,0.00016521884,0.00029530464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014739741,0.00016951021,0.00011133125,0.0009892473,0.0004190555,0.00072062336,0.0005365033,0.00031757285,0.00042068798],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006542196,0.00009287241,0.0009270904,0.00008195287,0.000022091057,0.000004336375,0.00038608964,0.00071327656,0.94439685,0.00108434,0.002825113,0.04940057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003327523,0.00012573398,0.000045120218,0.00020192967,0.000020819012,0.0000067944434,0.00021981346,0.0005095255,0.9597483,0.0027656427,0.03579124,0.00023230807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005980581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001240502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049168263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034809494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015237202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6912426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402518461","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-c9w7l","title":"Fabrication of superhydrophilic membranes for oil-water separation: A life cycle assessment study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Royal Academy of Engineering","keywords":"Superhydrophilicity; Fabrication; Membrane; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Computer science; Chemistry; Wetting","score_opus":0.027603001243024245,"score_gpt":0.3165674074625884,"score_spread":0.28896440621956415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402518461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903403,0.00017454999,0.00036239618,0.0011983806,0.00042176284,0.0011111101,0.000011118486,0.0002997697,0.006080592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955757,0.00006467538,0.001268532,0.00005119401,0.000102041144,0.0011426022,0.00010542148,0.000039538216,0.0016502648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978561,0.000051329367,0.00059887907,0.0007966021,0.00044157976,0.00025551108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873567,0.00005984817,0.00017089696,0.0009221174,0.000043486227,0.00006795603],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048189826,0.00030935768,0.00043145914,0.000110958936,0.00008773935,0.00008034171,0.00057520857,0.00026557,0.0011214857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009321016,0.00024781958,0.00017053599,0.00018415424,0.00017004742,0.00010002818,0.0013347701,0.0003384327,0.00033219825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023228003,0.0045075445,0.013503367,0.010679006,0.0012964876,0.000024648201,0.016019622,0.17307238,0.73865515,0.0010280567,0.019344829,0.021636622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013480487,0.0005158871,0.0059339986,0.00016169433,0.00054748234,0.0000048672605,0.0012934192,0.06502137,0.88292974,0.033063218,0.007803459,0.001376809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000083503845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030315627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14427459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000196127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057271674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402686982","doi":"10.3390/membranes14090199","title":"A Novel Modeling Optimization Approach for a Seven-Channel Titania Ceramic Membrane in an Oily Wastewater Filtration System Based on Experimentation, Full Factorial Design, and Machine Learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Factorial experiment; Filtration (mathematics); Permeation; Fractional factorial design; Membrane; Linear regression; Membrane technology; Materials science; Chromatography; Mathematics; Statistics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0388816983482741,"score_gpt":0.2523622771484145,"score_spread":0.21348057880014043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402686982","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13167837,0.00006147441,0.8664484,0.00006146143,0.00017745033,0.0010242469,0.0000133518215,0.0003623259,0.00017290872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9320405,0.00000846914,0.0672189,0.00002228765,0.00005707434,0.0003515954,0.00019201991,0.000042085223,0.00006707893],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984525,0.000113559254,0.00034343608,0.0005734287,0.00027689754,0.00024016525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958366,0.00010571895,0.00006301882,0.00018014798,0.000015959535,0.000051513667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004691141,0.00023646759,0.00020878502,0.00019167383,0.0001654144,0.00019989567,0.00013969626,0.00015066723,0.00005749773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046389803,0.00021158534,0.00003733441,0.000259618,0.000044055654,0.00058403856,0.000029947141,0.00015072693,0.000007484257],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018435223,0.000050198367,0.000009784614,0.00018749079,0.000004696993,0.0000012475015,0.00093805883,0.76447815,0.2339666,0.000055482727,0.0000025317943,0.00012140733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000803662,0.0002524267,0.000002694711,0.000056987657,0.000014724222,0.000008349935,0.0006891707,0.92295235,0.074969605,0.000020171425,0.0000088541965,0.00022102562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009801666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025089827,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8003621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001948513,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018244487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86281997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402710299","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123341","title":"Interfacial demulsification and antifouling of oil/water separation membrane by dynamically self-releasing hydroxide ions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Hydroxide; Chemical engineering; Ion; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007271953716279067,"score_gpt":0.2655242135021983,"score_spread":0.2582522597859192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402710299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99289966,0.00020696917,0.0037433403,0.0012206963,0.00033507534,0.00008063068,0.0000033361441,0.00006900115,0.0014413238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938159,0.000414653,0.0054918295,0.00003815704,0.00002970954,0.0000018367164,0.0000017954493,0.000011353929,0.000194785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99772596,0.00006298593,0.0007226742,0.00034876852,0.00084481033,0.00029480903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921864,0.00010744456,0.00026622775,0.00021515085,0.00007143214,0.0001210812],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013893314,0.00015937017,0.00025203163,0.00030262253,0.00020905056,0.0001797132,0.0005383119,0.00009239376,0.00019323842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024454415,0.00011700623,0.0000708792,0.00073051197,0.0007901307,0.0015743013,0.00016191909,0.00029408128,0.000054628003],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002105467,0.000045543617,0.00019706,0.000051973573,0.000011588424,0.0000058759633,0.0007027064,0.0015097245,0.98993057,0.00015415085,0.00008754511,0.0072821844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019830896,0.00012146236,0.000482711,0.000111352456,0.000038299193,0.00016269952,0.00013834775,0.057559233,0.93958443,0.00023254206,0.0012243309,0.00014627214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022220545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000061287315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056049507,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018800456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007054553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47713757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403364266","doi":"10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100838","title":"Mechanism of nanofiltration fouling in high hardness and dissolved organic carbon surface water based on chemical characterization of foulant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Fouling; Dissolved organic carbon; Characterization (materials science); Chemical engineering; Carbon fibers; Total organic carbon; Surface water; Chemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.00998779499391027,"score_gpt":0.214589548751569,"score_spread":0.2046017537576587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403364266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998323,0.0000052388914,0.0007845676,0.00051951787,0.00006323591,0.00022708271,0.0000070469896,0.000036905723,0.000033376302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99943554,0.000027005439,0.0002473589,0.00001268002,0.0000037305263,0.000015183563,0.00016820824,0.000008462068,0.0000818165],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993604,0.000029782388,0.0001942816,0.0001997405,0.00012336714,0.00009244782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984777,0.000013022659,0.000027220487,0.00008686164,0.000007325076,0.000017826978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011065526,0.00009805972,0.00012701088,0.00006240522,0.000017923949,0.00001732849,0.000029384464,0.00006588566,0.00006445933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003948197,0.00005961339,0.000014159575,0.000067695626,0.000041786443,0.00010476462,0.000021280444,0.00002606366,0.0000040105797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024274197,0.00007202207,0.0015236145,0.000031090134,0.000006064679,0.0000022051345,0.0006527535,0.00012798297,0.9963553,0.00043856914,1.8319824e-7,0.0007659526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038406724,0.00013624787,0.0029817505,0.000031519085,0.000014229437,9.891346e-7,0.000021743239,0.04925971,0.9466783,0.00041255663,0.000012720616,0.00006617258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000082880586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010510916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.049676996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009206127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037093748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24309635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403398827","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2024.255","title":"Rapid polyamide membrane compatibility testing of potential anti-biofouling agents for reverse osmosis membrane systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; University of Victoria","keywords":"Biofouling; Reverse osmosis; Compatibility (geochemistry); Membrane; Polyamide; Forward osmosis; Osmosis; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03470786705445648,"score_gpt":0.28685057754696314,"score_spread":0.25214271049250664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403398827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97981477,0.0005000408,0.005544638,0.0075796135,0.0010236665,0.0015594204,0.00005135412,0.0018167807,0.0021097227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842263,0.00011414372,0.01495439,0.00010592345,0.000042892025,0.000119273995,0.000026875894,0.000046394944,0.00036381133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971242,0.00014392064,0.0008322179,0.0008580111,0.00041603178,0.0006256529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982196,0.00047697368,0.0002899321,0.0008677863,0.000084508,0.00006118634],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014220022,0.0003143696,0.0005128637,0.00035191112,0.00022110506,0.00009675457,0.00068828487,0.00045749726,0.00038698863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017320864,0.00025440202,0.000115958246,0.0008567526,0.000596652,0.00086998154,0.0005308436,0.00047235825,0.0003727486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007716221,0.00017732865,0.0011078573,0.00051172014,0.00012411768,0.00006960486,0.00025366517,0.005600206,0.98170424,0.000559351,0.00088601315,0.008928731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048755994,0.00027983202,0.00012040992,0.00011703003,0.00022172496,0.00025418738,0.0010501704,0.024142629,0.91001016,0.0006348373,0.062316265,0.00036521273],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007231705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014230267,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0716941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019965037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028058119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403451606","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107972","title":"Sustainable electroless nutrient recovery from natural agro-industrial and livestock farm wastewater effluents with a flow cell reactor","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Effluent; Livestock; Environmental science; Nutrient; Industrial wastewater treatment; Waste management; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.009507688138123744,"score_gpt":0.20104581104123598,"score_spread":0.19153812290311223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403451606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99704444,0.00080669066,0.00010199678,0.0008446048,0.00009360558,0.0003168354,0.0000045757834,0.00016171782,0.000625534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994563,0.0001945747,0.0008154876,0.0001658979,0.00006228457,0.000021375967,0.000022792494,0.000017591508,0.004136986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988553,0.00006132815,0.00020990608,0.00041078698,0.00020895468,0.00025375266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995396,0.00017158334,0.00007168662,0.00014324476,0.000010970646,0.000062886356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018547151,0.00016050665,0.00015566975,0.00008165359,0.00016171523,0.000259096,0.00009508627,0.00013561058,0.000061308456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050008868,0.00011788468,0.000024894884,0.00022591065,0.00012889477,0.00026156844,0.00011446523,0.0002709679,0.000017821067],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0024384053,0.00026200787,0.13933551,0.0005266888,0.00030277515,0.00026756906,0.014383117,0.0021022887,0.7458033,0.0005617075,0.0057585924,0.08825806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005806688,0.0012881759,0.030492496,0.0010159716,0.00027981875,0.00009178169,0.013463,0.10413981,0.5048937,0.0036622714,0.33298567,0.0018805795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068428414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007803688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32722706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008657351,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015801892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48071977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403526587","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130083","title":"Removal of emerging contaminants from water using novel electroconductive membranes in a hybrid membrane distillation and electro-Fenton process","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Process (computing); Distillation; Process engineering; Chemistry; Contamination; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Engineering; Computer science; Desalination; Ecology","score_opus":0.015284677841241844,"score_gpt":0.2881148252167605,"score_spread":0.2728301473755187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403526587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907406,0.0007373866,0.0066599036,0.00085653533,0.000053667976,0.00041949734,0.000011038153,0.00019066758,0.0003307304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980594,0.00021240095,0.001496481,0.000016469587,0.000011892283,0.000043282456,0.000056048757,0.000014203888,0.00008982773],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869376,0.000033155608,0.00039378536,0.00049734634,0.00016391513,0.00021803025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996147,0.000036425026,0.00010709781,0.00018955265,0.000026501486,0.000025692774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021084327,0.00016325369,0.00021982579,0.0003777191,0.000086759406,0.0000394495,0.00011522617,0.00016951133,0.0001330434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046981026,0.00014140201,0.000018709596,0.0005229268,0.0002747818,0.00044656164,0.00004013888,0.0001791959,0.000013161991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032797678,0.000028141189,0.000656279,0.000046446356,0.000012485149,0.0000042420456,0.00083288446,0.00019881243,0.98624444,0.002124365,0.0000042876295,0.009814809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002945194,0.000056932284,0.00088280195,0.000035827088,0.000021975908,0.00012131344,0.0004965773,0.062178135,0.9280582,0.0061939713,0.0014878764,0.00017183424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014603967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008609952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061979324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008219871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018923838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57662064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403562722","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.106355","title":"Experimental investigation and mathematical modelling of a spiral wound membrane module for osmotically assisted reverse osmosis applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Osmosis; Spiral (railway); Chemistry; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Process engineering; Chromatography; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.027695268259856232,"score_gpt":0.25063724011439437,"score_spread":0.22294197185453812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403562722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6597461,0.000085184445,0.33976457,0.00014806322,0.000025333577,0.00016389713,0.0000015344218,0.000032135777,0.000033193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9486701,0.000006334902,0.051203668,0.000008663715,0.000024956267,0.00003634708,0.0000014529875,0.000013842019,0.000034659934],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920565,0.0000049700184,0.00036228166,0.00011762508,0.00019072382,0.00011876554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997515,0.00003857541,0.00005979449,0.00007330302,0.000023997118,0.000052797757],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002419207,0.00009186549,0.00015753898,0.00008697913,0.00002975967,0.000040838004,0.00011219914,0.000057756708,0.000039877148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025523586,0.00006758405,0.000045502966,0.00011136835,0.000063310334,0.00035244718,0.000034625937,0.0001066323,0.000003674684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014089122,0.00004019231,0.00004368824,0.0007301593,0.000031890853,0.000002464442,0.0010105465,0.32501835,0.67214,0.00053302466,0.000018802193,0.0004167712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000118751246,0.000053889435,0.00001239847,0.000085396685,0.000023809484,0.000041229676,0.000074416625,0.39415616,0.60336584,0.0019102765,0.00009292074,0.00006490926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001308096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0289409e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28892398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005173274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008355469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27559975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403931021","doi":"10.1016/j.jiec.2024.10.067","title":"Boosting water flux and dye removal: Advanced composite membranes incorporating functionalized AC-PAA for wastewater treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Wastewater; Boosting (machine learning); Composite number; Flux (metallurgy); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Computer science; Composite material; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Artificial intelligence; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.019300796443873825,"score_gpt":0.22652177156520278,"score_spread":0.20722097512132895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403931021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984339,0.0003748234,0.00016262673,0.0005103666,0.00021187408,0.000086529995,0.0000044806875,0.000054739714,0.00016067698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954516,0.000043564934,0.0032256336,0.000009072355,0.00030372443,0.000008782406,0.0000098436,0.000016617527,0.0009311163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931306,0.0000048201387,0.00028770228,0.00014072223,0.00011600659,0.00013772039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997265,0.0000789217,0.00006436941,0.000058748352,0.000009674031,0.00006183279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001626338,0.0001329609,0.0001820938,0.000028823692,0.00006205882,0.000073037925,0.000057463683,0.00011335106,0.00013264452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006175042,0.00008771902,0.00004899025,0.000054611915,0.000039820174,0.0001914859,0.000047133737,0.00015680435,0.0000019564839],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054715965,0.000008985479,0.00010584575,0.00007219312,0.000040223098,0.000025631258,0.0000722901,0.009959563,0.9822506,0.0000037430996,0.00009553169,0.0073107365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009828623,0.00008975087,0.000020085003,0.00016191002,0.000038528648,0.00039994012,0.0001034789,0.0064368,0.9767262,0.000123024,0.014783788,0.0001336357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038280396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.828479e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014688256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008997323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009875232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35770777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403999418","doi":"10.1007/s13762-024-06087-5","title":"Implementation of statistical response surface methodology with desirability function for ion-exchange-based selective demineralization of municipal wastewater and tap water for drinking purposes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Demineralization; Wastewater; Tap water; Response surface methodology; Environmental science; Function (biology); Ion exchange; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Ion; Materials science; Biology; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.027039963557951272,"score_gpt":0.3235884757291255,"score_spread":0.29654851217117423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403999418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9578131,0.00005724991,0.04093852,0.00072043226,0.00009745187,0.00032297,0.00003314426,0.000011734275,0.0000054180746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9743803,0.000028188197,0.025518265,0.000019339366,0.000008916371,0.000022799588,0.000006425922,0.0000061914607,0.000009571238],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989195,0.000054957163,0.00033455927,0.00022000966,0.0003250071,0.00014595067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935395,0.00032355095,0.00016407562,0.000074369214,0.000057182115,0.000026871197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013312503,0.00008848209,0.00015887331,0.0003204555,0.00006674089,0.000019074467,0.00019590468,0.00007128324,0.00008273723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015642203,0.000061324776,0.000022183129,0.00018977678,0.0012805109,0.00031104987,0.000108217195,0.00007198495,3.8876297e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067699864,0.000042363128,0.02168031,0.000017044853,0.000032424705,0.0000017988124,0.00028321295,0.00040872756,0.96281856,0.0009370002,0.00001381534,0.013087748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069072354,0.001688193,0.022488488,0.000020751251,0.000048916692,0.000058263435,0.00090521306,0.002124083,0.966236,0.0051260935,0.0005334181,0.000079870406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022266879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034796616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016567225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017389643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036746576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4718096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404136469","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130438","title":"Membrane performance evaluation and residual fouling characterization in a thermophilic submerged AnMBR treating pulp and paper primary sludge at varying solids retention times","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Pulp and paper industry; Residual; Chemistry; Pulp (tooth); Membrane fouling; Thermophile; Waste management; Chromatography; Membrane; Mathematics; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.017593991194558116,"score_gpt":0.2631984603782509,"score_spread":0.24560446918369278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404136469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938214,0.0008243321,0.00027658662,0.002551086,0.000068191584,0.0007132348,0.0000074820123,0.0003539603,0.0013837711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962507,0.002004919,0.0005705329,0.000081241844,0.00002264096,0.00022313504,0.00032877648,0.000019086478,0.0004989864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840117,0.000108409105,0.00042514817,0.0006003589,0.00025035703,0.0002145887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951583,0.000042686315,0.0001421725,0.00023619288,0.00002688148,0.000036251997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077115104,0.00018927197,0.00018728671,0.00039537987,0.0002776912,0.000096617776,0.00008871716,0.00029049945,0.00022196422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095497075,0.00018651989,0.000015567863,0.0006523974,0.00024658366,0.0009064896,0.00010817418,0.00020006027,0.000046874364],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036942623,0.000017439059,0.0121504525,0.0000703579,0.000008348151,0.0000010714114,0.00066169037,0.000114581424,0.8539789,0.0010368505,0.000025442523,0.13189796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013391712,0.00026897577,0.49102715,0.00019506688,0.000101547994,0.00013087556,0.00033531064,0.2673616,0.23271535,0.0028870553,0.0029298726,0.00070801436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011648067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035816018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6212635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017873455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002104195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.760606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404244241","doi":"10.3390/membranes14110235","title":"Combined Effects of Surface Roughness, Solubility Parameters, and Hydrophilicity on Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Reverse osmosis; Membrane fouling; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Solubility; Surface roughness; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.012037033792052811,"score_gpt":0.23582603009147074,"score_spread":0.22378899629941792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404244241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972616,0.0006474783,0.000044845357,0.00048118533,0.00024429598,0.00048190076,0.000013672463,0.00021055191,0.0006145056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984146,0.00050006795,0.0008157796,0.000052269446,0.0000077718105,0.000012519201,0.0000049404066,0.000020640296,0.00017143112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982632,0.00013178012,0.0004280676,0.00052998296,0.00039635316,0.00025061468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848413,0.00078971754,0.00013187731,0.00052004884,0.0000133590875,0.000060842394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004542561,0.0002464668,0.00045659606,0.00007945201,0.000080333884,0.000028793,0.0002894984,0.00016377796,0.00017358466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033596705,0.00020840963,0.00010850445,0.00051652984,0.00068168517,0.00025423308,0.00019725245,0.00017748856,0.000051988027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021396906,0.0003008754,0.013051045,0.0058766883,0.00010092816,0.000030506739,0.0010568011,0.011366854,0.96217114,0.00048589532,0.0004067592,0.004938532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003737809,0.00026853502,0.005253581,0.00022713002,0.000057787805,0.0000032980322,0.0000810816,0.0061466685,0.98544,0.0015349839,0.00038989965,0.00022324568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072159135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003464063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023268864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048197046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012614437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84986985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404312979","doi":"10.1039/d4gc03963g","title":"Enhancing sustainable energy production through co-polyamide membranes for improved pressure-retarded osmosis performance and environmental impact: synthesis and life cycle analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Polyamide; Life-cycle assessment; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Sustainability; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Forward osmosis; Chemical engineering; Production (economics); Materials science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.005817207884789126,"score_gpt":0.2216431236847154,"score_spread":0.21582591579992627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404312979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663395,0.0015191857,0.00047548293,0.00036412568,0.00002046541,0.0002190987,0.00005890038,0.00016924995,0.00053957157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941744,0.0007767666,0.0003483015,0.000027740778,0.000054402437,0.00015308235,0.00004874864,0.000022719194,0.004393844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985978,0.000013403532,0.00024182555,0.0006288085,0.0001696336,0.00034853982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994153,0.0000897376,0.00008288619,0.00032081016,0.0000055187243,0.000085767475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020895484,0.00023052281,0.0002700878,0.000041651067,0.000241623,0.00009582427,0.00014739236,0.00014517677,0.00053997367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010421709,0.00020869357,0.0000949031,0.00026348012,0.0002850273,0.0005297869,0.00014482756,0.00010091475,0.000004133213],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006655503,0.000034272864,0.005006746,0.0009970467,0.000504458,0.0000022951335,0.00039611664,0.00170858,0.98439735,0.0000038452768,0.0003699867,0.006512772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001085652,0.000026620268,0.0018584402,0.000016288439,0.00048598918,0.000011005331,0.0005370324,0.028362675,0.9642892,0.00010826982,0.0039372947,0.0002586108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076172315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003289285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026654094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011953137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017793793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85102767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404321614","doi":"10.1021/acsami.4c14283","title":"Interfacially Cross-Linked Polydopamine/Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Materials science; Membrane; Composite number; Solvent; Organic solvent; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Polymer science; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014463658426298239,"score_gpt":0.2704506586476153,"score_spread":0.25598700022131704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404321614","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930928,0.00026191477,0.0010766232,0.0004362742,0.0012118646,0.0009726361,0.00010956391,0.0008585513,0.0019797888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99726605,0.00008903277,0.0009554973,0.0001531663,0.0001300927,0.0003061325,0.00009868711,0.00006497441,0.00093633996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978909,0.000030679872,0.0006616031,0.00068919687,0.00029166217,0.00043597474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925196,0.00011103635,0.00015949128,0.00040540376,0.000019242221,0.000052848547],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004025927,0.00036139597,0.00036437542,0.00009859503,0.00020953943,0.0007849212,0.00060978293,0.00021717524,0.004061608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035710564,0.00031930173,0.000034228895,0.00019151821,0.00030261307,0.00043089758,0.00035753398,0.0001140213,0.0017886729],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015671487,0.00004306267,0.000028662522,0.00020671076,0.00004251867,0.0000026295345,0.00036189286,0.00028349852,0.9951075,0.0012349555,0.0008509097,0.0016809892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003098315,0.00010316003,0.00018462437,0.000049304996,0.000035817247,0.000009992965,0.00013448545,0.000046096644,0.99444884,0.0019971707,0.002326186,0.00035447325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000068242516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000067712856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041732937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001512023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023943927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999259},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404328251","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25542","title":"Micro‐nanobubbles assisted fouling reduction in membrane distillation for desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Fouling; Membrane distillation; Membrane fouling; Reduction (mathematics); Distillation; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Process engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013196791428862152,"score_gpt":0.22135844634866347,"score_spread":0.20816165491980132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404328251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933323,0.00024173743,0.004384094,0.0015096113,0.00028719244,0.00011110079,0.0000024694546,0.00002746373,0.0001040221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99691015,0.0000027449541,0.0029671148,0.000007505466,0.00006974172,0.0000044996914,0.0000029889984,0.000010084318,0.0000251811],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947166,0.000006688392,0.00021785463,0.000074875716,0.00009485061,0.0001340825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997527,0.00006717936,0.000043301236,0.00006129855,0.000012615419,0.00006292839],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030948682,0.00006276121,0.00007940003,0.0001123557,0.00003300175,0.00005434098,0.00012578483,0.00006207388,0.00003666628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023733037,0.000050051927,0.000041333267,0.00024980868,0.000043868626,0.00015911704,0.0000068223517,0.00015463325,0.0000043807127],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050275185,0.0000018192158,0.00006146001,0.000026741087,0.000006962841,0.000004603412,0.0001929408,0.08724931,0.90700704,0.00049093325,0.00016879289,0.0047843405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016793286,0.00001702429,0.0004873585,0.00013834641,0.000017949105,0.00014886398,0.000027257682,0.106649116,0.8883552,0.0012487527,0.002626276,0.000115900904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030931336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033628402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019399801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045869214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051838142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20410582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404338180","doi":"10.51415/10321/5657","title":"Synthesis and characterization of electrospun-based composite for the remediation of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mitacs; Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg; Mintek","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Pollutant; Wastewater; Characterization (materials science); Composite number; Waste management; Water pollutants; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Environmental chemistry; Contamination; Organic chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.013443792898108242,"score_gpt":0.27612788938900473,"score_spread":0.26268409649089647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404338180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980619,0.000050802093,0.00039290206,0.00036286708,0.00010023057,0.00060377567,0.000052543066,0.000027463837,0.00034752997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987373,0.000112325724,0.0004125609,0.000021711903,0.000006496797,0.00008928891,0.00011724262,0.000013558732,0.0004895566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991835,0.000024739458,0.00031459364,0.00018698502,0.00018476485,0.00010547013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995354,0.00017671328,0.0001457706,0.000119653916,0.000010171064,0.000012299008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019675212,0.000110078334,0.00018040335,0.000096033895,0.00002526487,0.0000114988925,0.000120772835,0.00013358469,0.000267703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005644389,0.00007549369,0.000036341375,0.00019237724,0.00007050584,0.00006151835,0.000016547485,0.000087847075,0.000006195845],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012105693,0.000022410319,0.00063904515,0.00019087133,0.000010825497,1.4051896e-7,0.00016278196,0.00003264177,0.9894213,0.00008871799,0.0000133666745,0.009296823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011971898,0.000031264302,0.029884825,0.000060082977,0.00005353879,2.0432212e-7,0.000057830675,0.015829585,0.95367247,0.0001320353,0.00008622789,0.000072247196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000290393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014253332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03574888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040975174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013679529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30785435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404416929","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5297443/v1","title":"A novel, low-cost clay ceramic membrane for the separation of oil-water emulsions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Future Earth","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Ceramic; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.06965296502810059,"score_gpt":0.4001083569335736,"score_spread":0.330455391905473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404416929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9075294,0.0013492502,0.0063822335,0.024264751,0.0015679351,0.010621941,0.0018014212,0.0008482298,0.0456348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984683,0.00048024664,0.00065473025,0.00003539166,0.00010654342,0.0018816217,0.00023150168,0.000053830878,0.011873156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99677604,0.00015024858,0.00046901172,0.00074449135,0.0012292407,0.0006309664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778885,0.0006770971,0.00009070853,0.0012422941,0.00012145869,0.00007960868],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018250403,0.00025962215,0.00030298394,0.0002547177,0.0003533269,0.00018198698,0.0011393644,0.00043080654,0.0017140892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047265497,0.0001563483,0.0002234978,0.00046021308,0.00068027846,0.00009588151,0.0033874756,0.0013843043,0.0011873355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016428286,0.00027099292,0.00010485328,0.0028184173,0.00011970463,0.0000067294422,0.0019187076,0.05958544,0.8805172,0.0013828643,0.023844266,0.02926653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005547935,0.0001847347,0.0006017128,0.00070761144,0.00006386023,0.0000075152243,0.00079689035,0.06990587,0.86914533,0.008752305,0.04878957,0.0004898312],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004298559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042573427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07715353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003806192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091775764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404491576","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-67398-6_295","title":"Post-Melt Purification in the FO–FC–RO Process for Water Recovery from Hydrometallurgical Effluents","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Effluent; Process (computing); Metallurgy; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.02167504798315076,"score_gpt":0.25425656299066207,"score_spread":0.2325815150075113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404491576","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.103652574,0.00019061084,0.00027992908,0.005052878,0.0004022369,0.002801943,0.00024194231,0.00039842073,0.88697946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.29681227,0.00011088148,0.00040009507,0.00083313533,0.00008184846,0.0004643039,0.00093658926,0.00007631811,0.70028454],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981279,0.000014471505,0.0004288962,0.0006947419,0.00046950488,0.0002645249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919236,0.00011938605,0.000084531974,0.0005578889,0.0000128751235,0.000032968288],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031129236,0.0003083874,0.00027289792,0.00011631657,0.00006863928,0.000103963626,0.0007414174,0.000448052,0.008401384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036340454,0.00017200952,0.00015008371,0.000052609328,0.00016799728,0.00022684762,0.00017261057,0.00035639346,0.008035941],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0033975078,0.0022253515,0.0005832391,0.0027705233,0.0023388725,0.0006329056,0.018229965,0.012644339,0.2570945,0.4116429,0.106474385,0.18196549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055441,0.0003901086,0.00028813447,0.00012432758,0.00016062612,0.000016937007,0.00021661137,0.0014255185,0.040992524,0.5096192,0.44525066,0.00096092874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000862379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020431817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3387763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013930874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009740315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404617813","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202459601046","title":"Modern Approaches in Water Treatment: Emerging Technologies and Future Directions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Horizon College and Seminary","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Water quality; Environmental science; Portable water purification; Filtration (mathematics); Population; Water resources; Biochemical engineering; Pollutant; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.034123197919496764,"score_gpt":0.2489314360854503,"score_spread":0.2148082381659535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404617813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9580833,0.0027197383,0.000049317416,0.004403266,0.00010567085,0.00015195705,0.0000035011808,0.00045027354,0.034033008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971391,0.0021211607,0.0002853542,0.000003137395,0.000011191877,0.000041316114,0.000002909405,0.000004368749,0.0003914649],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993841,0.000015101378,0.00013777307,0.00023208582,0.00009478986,0.0001361581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998132,0.000024940562,0.000017579412,0.0001314562,0.0000021988958,0.000010637495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073616495,0.00010239348,0.00012792033,0.0001306913,0.000043904507,0.000038385202,0.000121332225,0.000086850516,0.00033263565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000074114055,0.00006323439,0.000022327564,0.00018224091,0.00027832232,0.0002313429,0.00008339089,0.00007618729,0.000026071439],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062243867,0.00004756502,0.015230858,0.000032310247,0.000024181047,0.000005885387,0.0021515815,0.0001162825,0.020702336,0.014050683,0.00007947684,0.9475526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003668673,0.00026501657,0.0070333094,0.00007831368,0.000036627072,0.000016578088,0.015412035,0.036936477,0.5127614,0.045402754,0.3812358,0.00045481513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013042062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000482191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9470978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028925384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022915925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36421272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404621015","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202401566","title":"Analysis of Metal–Organic Framework and Polyamide Interfaces in Membranes for Water Treatment and Antibacterial Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small Methods","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Richard Lounsbery Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Permeance; Biofouling; Membrane; Polyamide; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Fouling; Nanocomposite; Silver nanoparticle; Surface modification; Silver nitrate; Polymer chemistry; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03236170931273083,"score_gpt":0.3485701260635742,"score_spread":0.3162084167508433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404621015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91949916,0.00078894856,0.078859076,0.0003226956,0.00004535637,0.00034287953,0.000013436147,0.000052059557,0.00007637679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8401612,0.00037485204,0.15917452,0.00001656558,0.000009941254,0.00011938409,0.000008704268,0.000008882969,0.00012595466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992341,0.00008770137,0.00021205278,0.00029901005,0.000040525618,0.0001266024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994207,0.00033747804,0.000029861825,0.00018494648,0.0000033190465,0.000023718292],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004319031,0.000105829466,0.00026127655,0.00018275679,0.000032336557,0.00003440813,0.00009069896,0.000110993824,0.00027860244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050725062,0.00007154997,0.000047003345,0.0004075229,0.00015290352,0.000097425844,0.000092846676,0.000060865463,0.0000041795947],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017201623,0.000027002177,0.0033512446,0.00006442395,0.0002221062,3.6193677e-7,0.0007920084,0.00009452425,0.94066143,0.00047868319,0.0000011072259,0.054289896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010502938,0.00008432596,0.004097225,0.000009468904,0.00041672308,0.0000014259978,0.00015072794,0.0024157162,0.9845482,0.0043868,0.003683724,0.00010064194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011370666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021417713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08031544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035677836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036906836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30505013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404625497","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2024.130679","title":"Hydrophobic cordierite-based capillary membranes applied to desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche, de la Science et de la Technologie","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane; Cordierite; Capillary action; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer science; Engineering; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.010574921015595425,"score_gpt":0.2661396383207629,"score_spread":0.25556471730516744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404625497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9174688,0.0009440483,0.042306367,0.01973904,0.00037076723,0.0012707617,0.000011339603,0.0031463897,0.014742475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99483484,0.000109149136,0.0035035962,0.00044055333,0.000021882968,0.00028922528,0.000059265643,0.000021148693,0.0007203314],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986773,0.000029488836,0.00030667224,0.00055971136,0.00021376494,0.00021304812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941134,0.000049389815,0.00006261555,0.00039032064,0.000020722891,0.00006561226],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023662654,0.00017851972,0.00015599105,0.00048605306,0.0001790534,0.00010067952,0.00021415825,0.00027038655,0.0005055443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053599044,0.00017597816,0.00002779739,0.0013483542,0.00024001038,0.00018087831,0.00006554177,0.00015852072,0.0017308876],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036105994,0.000054681022,0.0005115313,0.000070287315,0.000013475935,0.000004973571,0.0003387377,0.0026996452,0.8436297,0.066812314,0.00567762,0.080150925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029874005,0.0001692229,0.0016827813,0.000022957003,0.000025606403,0.000023614997,0.00022997778,0.023871262,0.6738768,0.012160137,0.2871905,0.00044839372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015338679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031219704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2815129,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010724828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025907762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404708953","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5033638","title":"Interfacial Engineering of Defects-Enriched Ruo2-Co3o4-X/Cobalt Foam Heterojunctions with Modulated Ru-O-Co Electronic Bridges for Long-Term Efficient Sulfur Removal and Direct Alkaline Seawater Hydrogen Production","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Cobalt; Sulfur; Seawater; Heterojunction; Materials science; Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Optoelectronics; Oceanography; Engineering; Geology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.007598789835223229,"score_gpt":0.23390645142834246,"score_spread":0.22630766159311924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404708953","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.985988,0.002184766,0.0094410805,0.00031178,0.00046414323,0.0012109869,0.00001744384,0.00030309163,0.000078660334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972023,0.0012543696,0.00022746787,0.000008809861,0.00022655471,0.000113262344,0.00006585639,0.000101533406,0.00079984165],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956711,0.00008622997,0.00069578784,0.0009586793,0.0005422654,0.0020459413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886006,0.000040699382,0.00042934826,0.00049765897,0.000069355614,0.00010285496],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013944156,0.000583854,0.0006314688,0.00038089987,0.00021400877,0.000118353506,0.00046435036,0.00034182155,0.00003553386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116375035,0.00049044134,0.00024835134,0.00037486383,0.00021461774,0.00013981151,0.0004716667,0.0026814577,0.00002410276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007886019,0.00031961864,0.0039816424,0.0005375984,0.0014667325,0.000022432543,0.0004642083,0.48281127,0.5023162,0.0010133534,0.000097704775,0.006180644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033614263,0.0043221815,0.0053944825,0.0008952003,0.001804165,0.005984618,0.00042173828,0.08253688,0.8601074,0.031612154,0.00072595885,0.0028337429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010701456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008278056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4002744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002684641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005728036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404893415","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2024.114998","title":"Membrane technologies for sustainable development goals: A critical review of bright horizons","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"American University of Sharjah; University of Sharjah","keywords":"New horizons; Sustainable development; Development (topology); Environmental planning; Business; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Engineering; Materials science; Aerospace engineering; Mathematics; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.01663621661095034,"score_gpt":0.27425975031213556,"score_spread":0.25762353370118524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404893415","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006639896,0.99813336,0.0006872228,0.00009427642,0.00011709025,0.0006438474,0.000024680148,0.00010500427,0.00012811682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0003200893,0.98531115,0.013937151,0.000011273714,0.00004637366,0.00011133764,0.000012972771,0.000074011834,0.0001756232],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969709,0.000019441115,0.0016175025,0.00037003306,0.00055335055,0.00046877272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987202,0.0003194821,0.0004991942,0.0003463744,0.00001255906,0.000102151265],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005707548,0.0005015683,0.001728908,0.00022588854,0.000037655296,0.000026157664,0.0008253073,0.00041279822,0.00031655363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010520457,0.00038082103,0.0006722438,0.00036474515,0.00027570614,0.00023914447,0.00060762453,0.0007470641,0.00006305511],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018813658,0.00040252606,0.0000012501685,0.47031355,0.000634813,0.00030316555,0.000049910755,0.0000814311,0.016126826,0.000700876,0.0086660255,0.5027008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010863445,0.00008401709,3.259982e-7,0.037864476,0.0008237441,0.00022902836,0.0000465424,0.00002668962,0.026605854,0.000057837806,0.93374246,0.00041036966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.3048132e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2943635e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9250764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00096100324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006470832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404956370","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131936","title":"Trace concentrations of graphene oxide and magnetic graphene oxide rescue anaerobic municipal sludge digesters under stress","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Graphene; Oxide; Anaerobic digestion; Chemical oxygen demand; Anaerobic exercise; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Materials science; Environmental science; Methane; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.012055750796549167,"score_gpt":0.23736537301651914,"score_spread":0.22530962221996997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404956370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99273545,0.0031852257,0.00042424724,0.0017925173,0.000060868744,0.00036804954,0.0000379712,0.0008667347,0.0005289296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690735,0.00043298927,0.0022834311,0.00006285899,0.000005908069,0.000052274216,0.000010046528,0.00002969119,0.00021543143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99823725,0.000054180055,0.00042606753,0.0005968728,0.00024508033,0.00044055007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903643,0.00009387882,0.00008553437,0.00069307804,0.000011952191,0.00007915475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001562215,0.0002610549,0.00029069243,0.0004542589,0.00012882723,0.000043795808,0.00055755564,0.0003891148,0.00021892785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000657753,0.00024364635,0.00007528126,0.0013742396,0.00213765,0.00014463514,0.00034551637,0.00032958112,0.00005109227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029814502,0.00012859114,0.03844223,0.00007852881,0.00006246511,0.000043877317,0.0005211869,0.00192324,0.9024954,0.04913529,0.000523521,0.0066158865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011654166,0.0008151422,0.14694338,0.0002423614,0.00020395622,0.00014984325,0.0074334797,0.002960083,0.80640066,0.014681541,0.017917702,0.0010864172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004915335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009928613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.108501144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007015725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015230335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99356097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404998225","doi":"10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100939","title":"Synthesis and performance of polysulfone-chitosan ultrafiltration membranes for humic acid removal","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"University of Technology - Iraq; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Technische Universiteit Delft","keywords":"Polysulfone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Humic acid; Chitosan; Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01518404506616206,"score_gpt":0.2411420993070907,"score_spread":0.22595805424092866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404998225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979916,0.00026068877,0.00021165023,0.0007378944,0.000047543785,0.0002609286,0.000012010974,0.000080443846,0.00039720372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99783564,0.0005494121,0.0011887806,0.000015786269,0.000011352566,0.00008537309,0.00002543627,0.0000075893895,0.00028062906],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946374,0.000015105169,0.00014383458,0.00019453235,0.000085908585,0.00009686116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998264,0.000041615694,0.000021731774,0.00008437486,0.0000038887624,0.000022032005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007993564,0.00009548267,0.00009921906,0.000058816106,0.000078138124,0.00003532133,0.000033340384,0.00004783708,0.000054259795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010491443,0.00006143599,0.000024287501,0.00005247129,0.000088935376,0.00024377236,0.000014082528,0.000017389833,0.0000111787585],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004841894,0.000045736153,0.0013937928,0.00013819156,0.000030092384,0.0000018458592,0.0009011022,0.000069723006,0.90101093,0.00056134374,0.000017571163,0.09578123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018399404,0.00022985997,0.0019440111,0.000016141885,0.00003723451,0.000019864117,0.000060189835,0.0055452953,0.99025893,0.00017360682,0.0014558687,0.000075007316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026952746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008718155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.095706224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032298452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035312526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2505287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405048688","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123589","title":"Prediction of membrane flux in membrane bioreactors through dimensionless analysis and correlations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Bioreactor; Chemistry; Mechanics; Biophysics; Physics; Biology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02071884219621137,"score_gpt":0.2666468248054959,"score_spread":0.24592798260928453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405048688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942689,0.0003158484,0.0014265229,0.0006871857,0.00050522224,0.00017817704,0.000018452374,0.000055652607,0.0025440492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963469,0.00048605524,0.002865795,0.000034864417,0.000028706221,0.0000031500786,0.0000035955666,0.000011261326,0.00021970079],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969187,0.000082985556,0.0009806849,0.00045179724,0.0012386742,0.00032716084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987165,0.00029329144,0.00041379413,0.00036429625,0.00008046146,0.0001316899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020476864,0.00020250787,0.00048627594,0.0011747439,0.00015380059,0.00009287719,0.0005830459,0.00012650184,0.0007042414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047074907,0.00015870659,0.00015846317,0.0064345966,0.0017431984,0.002076344,0.00020014615,0.00040826199,0.000027732925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003405125,0.000104767576,0.016777894,0.0000621831,0.00007898886,0.000037956186,0.0016733878,0.01851362,0.9600006,0.0007074947,0.00012625438,0.0018828207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006670162,0.00027837098,0.104277335,0.00023487846,0.0004444155,0.000221241,0.0011833037,0.041274294,0.84914416,0.0009138774,0.001071408,0.0002896843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020028281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011065951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11085641,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020907776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013490222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7710949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405220065","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00553","title":"Gravity-Driven Membrane Filtration with Passive Hydraulic Fouling Control for Drinking Water Treatment: Demonstration of Long-Term Performance at Full Scale","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nuu Chah Nulth Tribal Council; University of British Columbia","funders":"First Nations Health Authority; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Indigenous Services Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Turbidity; Membrane fouling; Environmental science; Filtration (mathematics); Biofilm; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Ecology; Biology; Bacteria; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010435594374067634,"score_gpt":0.22574839121227974,"score_spread":0.2153127968382121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405220065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913841,0.000014699001,0.006434726,0.0007116158,0.00008936925,0.0009466967,0.000009664108,0.00015148886,0.0002576702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982061,0.00003332826,0.00050583004,0.000060540788,0.000040710645,0.00027788,0.00016674597,0.000025418805,0.0006834785],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869967,0.00002919471,0.00029156788,0.00039101305,0.00023450903,0.00035402182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995844,0.000045286273,0.000055119985,0.0002567877,0.000018366653,0.000040091658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012148992,0.00021218965,0.00022238816,0.00007096494,0.00019901324,0.000068522655,0.00015311578,0.00011486353,0.00025911757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029886537,0.000119337994,0.00006933914,0.00007755572,0.00018307904,0.0008210141,0.00005450984,0.00007712095,0.0002144406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015641928,0.000044251843,0.013437973,0.00008348157,0.000052773397,0.000008405145,0.0009633004,0.008902236,0.96775544,0.00003541799,0.000017461258,0.008542852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074765383,0.0005646823,0.0028658954,0.000057198013,0.00008802423,0.00002983213,0.000022186749,0.008120573,0.98692614,0.000065916734,0.00032299047,0.00018889815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018367416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033697844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01917072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019444391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008026932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4866462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405377943","doi":"10.15407/ujpe69.12.905","title":"Desalination of Seawater. Osmotic Process for “Blue Energy” and Estimation for Desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ukrainian Journal of Physics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water scarcity; Water resources; Desalination; Environmental science; Water security; Population; Resource (disambiguation); Water resource management; Freshwater ecosystem; Scarcity; Ecology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.022374891248600974,"score_gpt":0.2974168822895061,"score_spread":0.2750419910409051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405377943","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49895927,0.00009546144,0.50015783,0.00041343205,0.00011125331,0.00017753865,0.000008709886,0.000023238945,0.00005327027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837386,0.000019555868,0.016071366,0.00001978848,0.000060776387,0.000014591086,0.000008832208,0.000012154627,0.000054348613],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993309,0.000015805532,0.00028465755,0.00010411262,0.00017415972,0.00009039774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949515,0.00012846428,0.00021509711,0.000060689363,0.00007337408,0.000027248288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033487286,0.00007619037,0.00012442528,0.000057570414,0.000046171597,0.000033354176,0.00009741776,0.000048251623,0.0000074604955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014208793,0.00006541526,0.0000550044,0.00015555207,0.00008677033,0.00046341924,0.000013345762,0.000042393815,0.0000010137213],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013092266,0.0001631137,0.00035960143,0.0012521491,0.00009798934,0.0000025358474,0.013329586,0.097765826,0.06664915,0.026594529,0.00045803553,0.79319656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006283643,0.00061162503,0.00034966116,0.00016820263,0.00008832634,0.000018934745,0.00021809818,0.4536123,0.44147366,0.09956178,0.0031163977,0.00015263805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018447945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030692177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7930439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043332602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002629825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26675567},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405408975","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118439","title":"End-of-the-day rinsing for improved maintainability of intermittently operated small-scale photovoltaic-powered reverse osmosis systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Maintainability; Reverse osmosis; Photovoltaic system; Scale (ratio); Reverse osmosis plant; Engineering; Process engineering; Osmotic power; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Forward osmosis; Membrane; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Reliability engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.0147211118440887,"score_gpt":0.25171104784627313,"score_spread":0.23698993600218443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405408975","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97604954,0.000059055626,0.021173166,0.00027819685,0.0005364354,0.0012642714,0.00004529105,0.00013497926,0.00045909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99733686,0.000006882774,0.0019865246,0.000021695107,0.000009835308,0.00008403263,0.00001723948,0.000014028348,0.0005228839],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989076,0.000112951406,0.00040229404,0.0002797403,0.00015098973,0.00014642009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992961,0.00014009376,0.00014782241,0.00033057178,0.000063026906,0.0000223617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090349175,0.000110280635,0.00016617347,0.00006339903,0.00006843168,0.00003644704,0.00024173735,0.000107052656,0.00006674045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043188583,0.000087727436,0.00009526315,0.00041431136,0.00021262502,0.00018247955,0.00012422145,0.00008684797,0.0000083131745],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024763352,0.000052141102,0.0016591856,0.000226834,0.000017952669,3.7387164e-7,0.00046790062,0.0005707228,0.9845067,0.0007433147,0.00033790228,0.0113921575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027860145,0.000094275,0.006791343,0.00012052496,0.00003724321,0.0000030214785,0.00045235522,0.15073466,0.83697027,0.0010141756,0.0033699444,0.00013357795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005096917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018281178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15016393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002935825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002916163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3577421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405531595","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02510","title":"A comprehensive review of recent advances in membrane innovations for efficient heavy metal removal from mine effluents","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Scientific African","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Foundation; National Science and Technology Council; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Effluent; Heavy metals; Environmental science; Engineering; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.06190933095718931,"score_gpt":0.349356066344433,"score_spread":0.2874467353872437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405531595","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019158504,0.99237996,0.000056078174,0.00020254665,0.0013219722,0.0029341555,0.00090304343,0.00010164551,0.001909017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000023406497,0.9952425,0.002638329,0.000044225602,0.000025689018,0.0004650535,0.00071708154,0.000040994873,0.0008027392],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99569297,0.00016936878,0.0015528739,0.0012788734,0.00085535535,0.00045053626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977868,0.00028060225,0.00074001256,0.0010102221,0.000102388476,0.00007997008],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009918134,0.00048243208,0.0017667251,0.0005292904,0.00013298396,0.00006672711,0.0009767405,0.00017402718,0.0010837875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005323444,0.00037144937,0.0003965577,0.0055918386,0.00087746885,0.0001505585,0.00050540623,0.00033405234,0.000415327],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000113397045,0.00022725808,0.0000011311131,0.056714606,0.00007366012,0.0000123713635,0.00013031183,0.00012314002,0.00023207832,0.00025803232,0.0070922235,0.93512386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012970122,0.000039308015,0.0000014674414,0.020203978,0.00038883288,0.000008220088,0.000069365225,0.00009228581,0.00017822157,0.00017664288,0.97838676,0.00032521866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003797492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060445967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9712945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004368823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016540967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405686227","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.158894","title":"Nanoconfined core-shell heterogeneous fenton reactor: Accelerated degradation of organic pollutants in flow-through systems","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Pollutant; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Shell (structure); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Organic chemistry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.022488506984243005,"score_gpt":0.23745570666651222,"score_spread":0.2149671996822692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405686227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892407,0.0005101951,0.009331949,0.000054148368,0.0004164388,0.00011942844,0.0000067686137,0.00016423661,0.00015612939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99704576,0.00008236401,0.0027120733,0.0000064826777,0.000038783775,0.0000043088316,0.000005482758,0.000022071586,0.000082699094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989246,0.0000097360635,0.00041073642,0.00018536099,0.00024597088,0.00022355883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968517,0.00004292332,0.0000658644,0.00013827847,0.000009861879,0.000057885638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013844064,0.00014081686,0.00018743344,0.000078227415,0.000017550141,0.00006459655,0.00022000678,0.00013030424,0.0005538042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012974377,0.00012634833,0.000045451416,0.0004484263,0.00003864367,0.00021597331,0.000059984603,0.00031327183,0.000056293273],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073383603,0.000016990934,0.000080297206,0.000038940834,0.00001199146,0.00003436222,0.00007655771,0.04142886,0.9570291,0.00001831884,0.00013765926,0.0011195882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001862667,0.000023915076,0.00008501109,0.0001355579,0.000007636556,0.0002691955,0.000015219305,0.18326713,0.8152219,0.000035102952,0.0006228522,0.00013021842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000159604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020182104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14183828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003178192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018980178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60637677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405701851","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202414490","title":"Ultrathin Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon Networks as Architects of Enhanced Performance in Polyamide‐Based Nanofiltration Membranes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Materials science; Polyamide; Graphene; Membrane; Oxide; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.008065417839725333,"score_gpt":0.22257583478757947,"score_spread":0.21451041694785414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405701851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916354,0.00015753937,0.0052532926,0.000111431655,0.00085830945,0.00035915716,0.000014150044,0.0002440203,0.0013667037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974223,0.00014728445,0.001792707,0.00010526537,0.000041308092,0.00014553731,0.000076654185,0.000023882985,0.00024509442],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982896,0.00007478669,0.0005354889,0.00045232533,0.00036273652,0.00028506067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993774,0.00016651809,0.00013811541,0.00026123418,0.000016290316,0.000040416697],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003463008,0.00021807039,0.0002620143,0.00017512245,0.000080458914,0.00004318597,0.00017537126,0.00012997347,0.0014983966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009643157,0.0002010406,0.000053578482,0.0006245581,0.0001859826,0.00053851807,0.00004526455,0.000116612166,0.00017279324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020836257,0.00003104714,0.00028664072,0.00008407403,0.0000063583147,0.0000030171188,0.000031892756,0.18756661,0.8089208,0.0009826884,0.000013912448,0.0018645851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032952716,0.00014510882,0.013966339,0.00013582376,0.00000788213,0.00000818466,0.00003031228,0.0019068264,0.9812788,0.0017727506,0.00021511855,0.0002033292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009583584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006441898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18565978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010046684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003635092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405792935","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2024.13.01","title":"A Mini-Review on Lead Ion Removal Using Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes from Aqueous Solutions","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Membrane; Aqueous solution; Lead (geology); Chemistry; Polymeric membrane; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Polymer science; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.025664931005851047,"score_gpt":0.2959201155080675,"score_spread":0.2702551845022165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405792935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9220697,0.061994918,0.0016926579,0.011561493,0.0005718327,0.00035705307,0.0000126557625,0.00030786576,0.0014318114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96687096,0.025342058,0.0061176307,0.00082259113,0.00014796645,0.000013447536,0.000011558788,0.000034648667,0.000639106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981549,0.00009462054,0.0007253755,0.00035036282,0.0003956972,0.0002790454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913204,0.00013041758,0.0003333096,0.00030278595,0.00003411808,0.00006732112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003906907,0.00024073513,0.0004663475,0.00047601576,0.00020064622,0.00006714514,0.00031740914,0.0002799941,0.00045938705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012182554,0.00019692296,0.00012965561,0.0009076305,0.00032517166,0.00044932443,0.00011709217,0.00045324166,0.00017046607],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005900386,0.00007907928,0.000050620827,0.0001696008,0.00007892099,0.00023325224,0.00011988154,0.0005038527,0.9411242,0.00081469555,0.0031253689,0.05364153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010415292,0.0011448608,0.00015286884,0.0024981515,0.0004700331,0.0063258735,0.00034506057,0.020340981,0.81155694,0.005752988,0.14961101,0.0007596983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000060030103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002267034,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14648564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013185793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004866432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8030285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406069711","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.159244","title":"Tailoring pore size and chemical resistance of polybenzimidazole membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) via chemical crosslinking and sulfocalix[4]arene impregnation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Solvent; Organic solvent; Chemical engineering; Chemical resistance; Chemistry; Chemical modification; Chemical structure; Polymer chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005383747175150792,"score_gpt":0.21163117811983523,"score_spread":0.20624743094468442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406069711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9612764,0.0005953045,0.037357595,0.00034409665,0.000112758855,0.00016814772,0.0000038840194,0.00008185362,0.000059966616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803846,0.000073069525,0.01937539,0.000025492009,0.000055873916,0.00001659757,0.000007818091,0.000017779495,0.0000433968],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987504,0.0000068926142,0.00048068023,0.00028484498,0.0002194715,0.00025773933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993851,0.00018759836,0.00015501367,0.00014649963,0.000034670644,0.0000911071],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025092732,0.00018511152,0.00025261485,0.000057472127,0.00008320069,0.0000630011,0.0001936503,0.0001902513,0.00004073224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064587005,0.00018449745,0.000058780715,0.00022060762,0.00015688925,0.00022455795,0.0001409769,0.00025754562,6.3470674e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046219604,0.000023660832,0.00017288385,0.00021881463,0.00001789321,0.0000014204006,0.00009268666,0.00045299952,0.9976741,0.000181026,0.000035552202,0.0010827326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006146456,0.000012798338,0.00017853324,0.00015460375,0.000026266047,0.00004101562,0.000030273033,0.009195118,0.98807174,0.0013734411,0.000134418,0.00016716609],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018789805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.055226e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01910819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014981964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002004469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75235873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406107008","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.123697","title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(vinyl amine) interpenetrating network membranes for olefin/paraffin separation via facilitated transport","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Vinyl alcohol; Membrane; Olefin fiber; Polymer chemistry; Amine gas treating; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Polymer","score_opus":0.015907480845406403,"score_gpt":0.294305428676348,"score_spread":0.27839794783094163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406107008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90082836,0.0016174829,0.082292125,0.0031065065,0.0019645928,0.001073875,0.000021391546,0.00023637716,0.008859315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9808031,0.00013623318,0.01669862,0.0005172143,0.00012209204,0.00002943648,0.000007307625,0.000020068155,0.0016659638],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9955767,0.00010423161,0.0015259129,0.00070224766,0.001218893,0.0008720188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977435,0.00038418878,0.0008577809,0.00058039103,0.00020816745,0.0002259561],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033100932,0.00040889508,0.00065089425,0.00048776777,0.00069921825,0.00017096594,0.0017924282,0.00020806088,0.00043854688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007469613,0.00035259995,0.0002850249,0.0025987925,0.0012413581,0.0021848392,0.00018172922,0.0004709673,0.00006270198],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004868462,0.00023620315,0.0062597734,0.00020787012,0.000078931735,0.000029517318,0.0009794553,0.041450903,0.90185547,0.0007722446,0.002355468,0.045287322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040586004,0.0012754328,0.035723615,0.0005805721,0.0002501949,0.0003041476,0.0011143098,0.06456934,0.8593381,0.0046012,0.026860425,0.0013240419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010306219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026927053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07997473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036451934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003032771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406130898","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2024.1542869","title":"Editorial: Reviews in membrane modules and processes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Cognitive science; Psychology","score_opus":0.005706396913840547,"score_gpt":0.24868681141717822,"score_spread":0.24298041450333768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406130898","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0038813064,0.008009251,0.00008669489,0.00149264,0.9817805,0.0014542816,0.000031290594,0.0003568059,0.0029072065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008090223,0.32351658,0.042215336,0.00036167167,0.6165504,0.0023327805,0.00012847605,0.00018983154,0.0066146976],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99518234,0.000084144885,0.0008481455,0.0017810953,0.0012159719,0.00088832516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99833274,0.00022522008,0.00034095615,0.00087304076,0.00012947657,0.00009858889],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0028342362,0.0005528633,0.0011844084,0.002388245,0.00026750573,0.00013922283,0.0018644251,0.001816944,0.000034706256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013104106,0.0005073615,0.00003120288,0.006946168,0.0051678168,0.0007628556,0.0012893818,0.00159446,0.00001947093],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023586703,0.00004873378,0.001445177,0.0005102476,0.0000045892148,0.000010253431,0.000092541704,0.000014098566,0.0021673867,0.00008581207,0.9748997,0.020697853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000649878,0.0000935918,0.00003882101,0.00044876809,0.000019964931,0.000003450738,0.00029207687,0.00018063105,0.0072984733,0.004835826,0.9856147,0.000523816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023459128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007735855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3652301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004795977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050219643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406140417","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.115351","title":"Effective removal of hazardous atrazine and chlorpyrifos by waste PET bottles-derived linker having novel MIL-53(Al)/PMMA-nanofiber incorporated poly(vinylidene) fluoride membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Chemical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; University Grants Commission; Thalassemia Foundation of Canada; International Psychogeriatric Association","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiber; Hazardous waste; Atrazine; Linker; Fluoride; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Nanocomposite; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Composite material; Pesticide; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.003305884037090953,"score_gpt":0.1900215614701599,"score_spread":0.18671567743306894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406140417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99487907,0.0012382213,0.0029984429,0.00022701873,0.00015584037,0.00024390205,0.00003039593,0.000047048932,0.0001800457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98738337,0.00021645836,0.012077574,0.000080654274,0.000040587725,0.000006348598,0.000010036561,0.000036032223,0.00014894655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980702,0.000022282997,0.0007679579,0.00034716554,0.00046471777,0.00032767127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990388,0.00016934107,0.00038620495,0.00025094734,0.000009323102,0.0001453788],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028032847,0.00034708728,0.0005467377,0.00014144991,0.000056577,0.000026927044,0.00034880583,0.00016436126,0.00017406238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015047718,0.00032505777,0.00015004497,0.00026116113,0.00030236205,0.00035324288,0.00035222684,0.0004605174,0.000009712986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104282815,0.00012481406,0.0010539927,0.0000635816,0.000091309725,0.000068938454,0.000051287356,0.00862386,0.9880507,0.000006163706,0.00019728787,0.0015637912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012657408,0.000105677806,0.003136846,0.00015060214,0.00007692402,0.0005756228,0.000075156546,0.0064890105,0.98682714,0.000026630281,0.0009835764,0.0002870843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015866128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.997684e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00907913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036058656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012413377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999201},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406214232","doi":"10.3390/membranes15010017","title":"A Review of Sulfate Removal from Water Using Polymeric Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Thin-film composite membrane; Reverse osmosis; Phase inversion; Fouling; Microfiltration; Desalination; Forward osmosis; Sulfate; Water treatment; Membrane technology; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.04068893478614621,"score_gpt":0.3155549605989489,"score_spread":0.2748660258128027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406214232","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000104099636,0.9931579,0.000020988302,0.0000902102,0.00038627986,0.0011600201,0.00010786826,0.00021803302,0.0047545615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000048903275,0.9963099,0.00089259975,0.00025254296,0.00006206259,0.00008137932,0.00025310446,0.00006161325,0.0020819295],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961448,0.00038513038,0.00146165,0.00092585356,0.0005489798,0.00053360796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99761456,0.0002930839,0.0006191202,0.0013687339,0.00002239033,0.00008208842],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048596796,0.0007499245,0.002984192,0.0002445869,0.00012863497,0.00003492178,0.0012928109,0.00046265763,0.0073298435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024526007,0.00050250604,0.00075499975,0.0009655365,0.00041248926,0.00022530962,0.0007734952,0.00037314082,0.00074382784],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074431546,0.00005866594,0.000002449083,0.36518773,0.00016084082,0.000046706067,0.00004607066,0.000017576873,0.001525911,0.00001136855,0.0010974844,0.6318377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010865968,0.000014192833,3.680897e-7,0.09668938,0.0009817315,0.000060914597,0.00000981075,0.000016727172,0.006801767,0.000062468316,0.89474744,0.0005065551],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00084665866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022034552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89364994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001528158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010016984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406326717","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.125270","title":"Energy consumption and energy efficiency of high-pressure reverse osmosis: Effect of water recovery, number of stages, and energy recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Fonds de recherche du Québec","keywords":"Energy consumption; Reverse osmosis; Energy recovery; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Efficient energy use; Osmotic power; Energy (signal processing); Environmental science; Reverse osmosis plant; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Membrane","score_opus":0.004216240169455117,"score_gpt":0.2063110269027415,"score_spread":0.20209478673328637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406326717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9747733,0.00077254773,0.0055744126,0.00007741226,0.00019676807,0.00007219971,0.000041519776,0.00009111552,0.018400716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99318266,0.0028321208,0.00041452897,0.00012087514,0.000009904904,0.00006559677,0.000041062576,0.000019772811,0.0033134518],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99816716,0.00012434977,0.00056490605,0.00054055266,0.00030820695,0.00029484046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988655,0.00024724903,0.00027505335,0.0005366375,0.000019986914,0.00005560842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026026252,0.0002865599,0.0005856712,0.00015914986,0.00007172395,0.000013963792,0.00027904892,0.00028905828,0.0005318234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028790753,0.00023221166,0.00007122166,0.00028338327,0.00058613607,0.00014761776,0.00046026046,0.000070031696,0.0000029707921],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081360526,0.00021593363,0.0032684866,0.00036996813,0.00027074412,0.000003699424,0.00008234679,0.0076218597,0.7129704,0.10995438,0.0041546384,0.16027397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008656205,0.00022453461,0.0006026199,0.000057087967,0.0001109926,0.0000037199532,0.00002232937,0.00025448314,0.97172874,0.0048065623,0.021089405,0.00023392212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007288757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037688366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25875837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044110777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001409393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406644002","doi":"10.1080/01932691.2025.2453599","title":"Optimizing seawater purification: Ion exchange selective demineralization through single and multi-objective techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Demineralization; Seawater; Ion exchange; Chemistry; Chromatography; Ion; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Geology; Oceanography; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.018300799328691292,"score_gpt":0.28462504679147654,"score_spread":0.26632424746278527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406644002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96014404,0.0007220787,0.02815557,0.00706767,0.000121940364,0.00030003182,6.9459213e-7,0.00013284753,0.0033550982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9661738,0.0005527991,0.032920443,0.00015218029,0.000008338629,0.000007494776,2.7209563e-7,0.000003706649,0.00018096065],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903584,0.000022728944,0.00024409333,0.00026497073,0.0002589503,0.00017339579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941224,0.000027419355,0.00020917006,0.00014266626,0.0001782028,0.00003031599],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005243549,0.000099167286,0.00015582595,0.00048015872,0.00029271859,0.00005398578,0.00027690438,0.0001420419,0.000023021314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037409057,0.00007651957,0.000016355867,0.0017412283,0.0012787441,0.0008921428,0.0002631427,0.00017718082,0.0000025814354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016106917,0.00007136043,0.010614402,0.000009415648,0.0000067447377,0.0000028455872,0.000743725,0.000015784015,0.94069403,0.0013001594,0.00071406394,0.045811336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027516796,0.00025530224,0.0028195623,0.000051592287,0.000015770265,0.00006865758,0.0019417405,0.00083224406,0.98664963,0.003281763,0.0037015895,0.00010698653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016802636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014572063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04595557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020491781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003700519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4711586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406716883","doi":"10.24949/njes.v17i2.824","title":"Controlling the Rejection of Protein During Membrane Filtration by Adding Poly-Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NUST Journal of Engineering Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National University of Science and Technology; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; 2-Pyrrolidone; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer science; Biochemistry; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.008019589066552991,"score_gpt":0.220404514211765,"score_spread":0.212384925145212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406716883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858755,0.001364877,0.011074009,0.0005829501,0.0003486353,0.00014714236,0.000002390001,0.000072314564,0.0005321926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978359,0.00006411758,0.0018912891,0.0000062974023,0.00006817744,0.0000050991557,2.3142066e-7,0.000007359406,0.000121564815],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987556,0.000023923601,0.0003871613,0.00014236629,0.0005128772,0.00017811997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995661,0.000105138184,0.0001821435,0.00009564583,0.000017755394,0.000033235403],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009896266,0.0000998786,0.0001446888,0.00014567812,0.00014584427,0.000108400294,0.00034950656,0.000050298593,0.00012880529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026791982,0.00006668326,0.000067354136,0.000661043,0.0001841598,0.00066385936,0.000035704183,0.00022419829,0.0000060241837],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008110654,0.000008305526,0.00007916405,0.000031168,0.000011002282,0.0000034287382,0.00017725666,0.11147056,0.8868124,0.00029431813,0.00007567146,0.001028649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001907281,0.00018132794,0.00064655044,0.0002489637,0.00001883959,0.000120367695,0.0003060609,0.09072556,0.9064653,0.00009884794,0.0008739674,0.00012346424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024551056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003351799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020744994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008108736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021349912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27192643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406842798","doi":"10.3390/app15031312","title":"Modified Solution–Diffusion Model Incorporating Rotational Kinetic Energy in Pressure Retarded Osmosis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Kinetic energy; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Forward osmosis; Chemistry; Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.019364781975007697,"score_gpt":0.2432888634551542,"score_spread":0.22392408148014648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406842798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66140085,0.000086845204,0.07528775,0.0014663361,0.00009994918,0.00039628884,0.0000040664745,0.00021300589,0.2610449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856719,0.0000073723377,0.012864089,0.000316739,0.00000529874,0.000109243025,0.000004691885,0.000003373639,0.0010173313],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985631,0.000029155917,0.00027816847,0.00046318656,0.0004289515,0.00023743449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959433,0.00007078204,0.00010325821,0.00019608992,0.000007682662,0.00002786448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040936033,0.00012230738,0.00013211726,0.0001515628,0.00035286084,0.000054787695,0.0004926396,0.000092015754,0.00014870013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006143669,0.00010953931,0.000022991455,0.0010805002,0.0005909864,0.00018979462,0.0002907419,0.000099991725,0.000025720541],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001087643,0.000043581585,0.0032974724,0.0000055133123,0.0000026227403,3.3657682e-7,0.000118922246,0.72794104,0.119792424,0.14244717,0.00097438623,0.005365627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023440296,0.000012993551,0.006161037,0.000011893008,0.000005817689,3.2794503e-7,0.00011346426,0.8530806,0.023850406,0.11617828,0.0002076665,0.00014315074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035439056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00049934874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.324271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000633113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005166442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44668835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407027681","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107115","title":"Investigation of biomass and pollutant kinetics in batch bioreactors for effective industrial oily wastewater treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Bioreactor; Wastewater; Kinetics; Biomass (ecology); Pollutant; Industrial wastewater treatment; Sewage treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Biology; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.013868319758190884,"score_gpt":0.22985761534499966,"score_spread":0.21598929558680877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407027681","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989158,0.000028594917,0.00045344463,0.00024624862,0.0000917319,0.00024029533,0.0000022973093,0.000009233931,0.0000123900545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921817,0.00000826143,0.0007177719,0.0000032646694,0.000014609307,0.000016943328,8.3685467e-7,0.0000054559214,0.000014718384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994169,0.000009207749,0.00029095478,0.00008248747,0.0000893325,0.00011110818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979115,0.000038088056,0.00008314955,0.000050167197,0.000013001924,0.000024462293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015055943,0.00008913995,0.00016954438,0.0001883865,0.000010563253,0.000012048067,0.00007613831,0.000072491086,0.000004356717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051993506,0.000056704877,0.000025301719,0.00014787537,0.000039151066,0.000146353,0.000025827543,0.000061791034,2.8019292e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056248122,0.000016731745,0.010555601,0.00006896125,0.000020671127,0.0000016996277,0.00075894943,0.0064965137,0.97962755,0.0000046282726,0.000005433637,0.0023870151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008490172,0.00035442653,0.005853361,0.000080273094,0.000017681357,0.0000046096766,0.00007248339,0.0015941284,0.99080044,0.0002100332,0.000106514904,0.000057044756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001810057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000047466506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0111728795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001320702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008292304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23123577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407072233","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25622","title":"A novel water‐soluble nano‐additive incorporated to <scp>PPSU</scp> membrane for textile dye removal","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Textile; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nano-; Nanocomposite; Nanoparticle; Copolymer; Chemistry; Polymer; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.008966037281763137,"score_gpt":0.20121006404313277,"score_spread":0.19224402676136965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407072233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862005,0.00004484261,0.008271076,0.002389078,0.00043254407,0.0003638643,0.000028476084,0.000054824275,0.0022147694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99251616,0.0000010479232,0.005932486,0.00032653354,0.000056874153,0.000017507815,0.000005894092,0.000018233031,0.0011252518],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998962,0.0000072300995,0.0003161604,0.00014475004,0.00016634158,0.00040353736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992571,0.00015777857,0.00007342615,0.00018929986,0.000048692465,0.00027371745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033676604,0.00014568931,0.00020945034,0.00014976274,0.00010123534,0.000058342863,0.0005544043,0.000109201435,0.000092914685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008291859,0.000104389655,0.000077429286,0.00038359748,0.00009980428,0.0001305531,0.000066798384,0.00025295108,0.000033367185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056845633,0.0000062545255,0.000009665855,0.000010954468,0.000025696678,0.000009997582,0.00022081246,0.036192402,0.9564751,0.00031792806,0.0062829084,0.00044264554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030408255,0.000030993735,0.000029572706,0.00004821344,0.000018497643,0.000075245836,0.00004579102,0.0055491575,0.94906265,0.0003140656,0.04445749,0.00006422611],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077449495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00057138916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03817458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044938666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001334717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42568865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407115312","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2025.1513591","title":"Transport in reverse osmosis membranes: observations and comments on the pore flow model versus the solution‒diffusion model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Diffusion; Forward osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Osmosis; Data flow model; Mechanics; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.023816310397482148,"score_gpt":0.2460422302851046,"score_spread":0.22222591988762247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407115312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91833895,0.00016286595,0.0063086012,0.07038106,0.00028212773,0.00083637156,0.000014143533,0.00013728105,0.0035385955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99029756,0.00071667467,0.0070609376,0.0014646245,0.000002205783,0.00013227825,0.0000035303817,0.000007202473,0.00031496398],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981677,0.000036432004,0.00031276315,0.00057867,0.00048279171,0.0004216723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916816,0.00008114271,0.00007450084,0.0006092234,0.000032517342,0.000034431883],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012676069,0.00019129919,0.00022241058,0.0005076465,0.0006685935,0.00003416386,0.00096097746,0.0002087963,0.000016291475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044614443,0.00012881662,0.000022838167,0.0027331547,0.003171612,0.00035955766,0.00033767024,0.00044913508,0.00000280053],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008659376,0.00095091126,0.1811574,0.00019385223,0.00007495682,0.000041211224,0.0056188405,0.47956526,0.10167324,0.09274635,0.053523794,0.08358826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009275443,0.000045057193,0.0024678449,0.00004752712,0.000014988216,0.0000021095316,0.0019262602,0.96342367,0.0060360925,0.023903921,0.0010301257,0.00017485057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009408794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004123753,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4838584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002808617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001110317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99954116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407296790","doi":"10.3390/data10020024","title":"Visual Footprint of Separation Through Membrane Distillation on YouTube","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Data","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Footprint; Separation (statistics); Distillation; Chromatography; Computer science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Geography; Machine learning; Archaeology","score_opus":0.042027780235211226,"score_gpt":0.35747430704520217,"score_spread":0.31544652680999097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407296790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88357806,0.000025860576,0.016934333,0.0011896226,0.00024197661,0.000434245,0.00018002254,0.0001970667,0.097218834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997783,0.000023030827,0.0011821678,0.0000904776,0.000008634687,0.0000052680457,0.00044627496,0.0000035997343,0.00045755575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920917,0.000026112248,0.00019651516,0.00028504306,0.00019245628,0.00009073131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990689,0.000049228838,0.00007377824,0.0007920265,0.0000056346253,0.000010391782],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001485148,0.000075266245,0.00009852488,0.00002947263,0.00005124692,0.000014091729,0.00043605274,0.000056682715,0.0003424466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017862913,0.00006683914,0.000014091001,0.0002491408,0.00010586547,0.00021823758,0.00046584735,0.000060625727,0.00019184715],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042706195,0.0008939925,0.03676224,0.00019362944,0.00012564923,0.0000058187543,0.001116663,0.024502104,0.56867266,0.09909041,0.07079814,0.19741164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066818134,0.00018724836,0.06348823,0.000056024997,0.00004201913,0.0000012724015,0.00026213482,0.032621782,0.78024036,0.0056662573,0.11646824,0.00029826886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001474944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000914725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21156769,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004385207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008338999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37495503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407836944","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5147676","title":"Preparation of Highly Smooth Nanofiltration Membranes Based on Lignin Nanoparticle Hydrogels and Study of Interfacial Mechanism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Self-healing hydrogels; Membrane; Lignin; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Mechanism (biology); Materials science; Biophysics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010109615384367039,"score_gpt":0.2669325000242576,"score_spread":0.25682288463989056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407836944","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99604815,0.000106887936,0.002168686,0.00015405951,0.00013997944,0.0007264939,0.000007749445,0.0000473772,0.00060063094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992549,0.00024219933,0.00020007358,0.000017487839,0.000017471593,0.00003469565,0.000004947199,0.000011268222,0.00021696962],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975885,0.00023273072,0.0006723512,0.0004010923,0.0005196043,0.00058568496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883896,0.000067634326,0.0006454835,0.00037592946,0.000036237347,0.00003574298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001283759,0.0002410737,0.0003835858,0.0002041124,0.00011111045,0.000034494435,0.0004002863,0.0002047536,0.000044917615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093469906,0.00022142052,0.00007765451,0.00021342417,0.000106156236,0.00014913807,0.0002463136,0.00089424866,0.000005020752],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011194109,0.0023429394,0.0049330527,0.00022535928,0.0003662875,0.0000038045862,0.0033411295,0.119998075,0.8332619,0.021932146,0.00007426619,0.012401629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011245142,0.0031287053,0.00033807644,0.00009694861,0.00011673921,0.0000069944012,0.0015135155,0.012724877,0.91121656,0.06947879,0.000018688577,0.00023561032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022984443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013268464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1072732,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004626795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004526779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9029266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407865065","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160779","title":"Nanocomposite beads with engineered pore architecture for improved removal of emerging contaminants from water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Materials science; Contaminated water; Contamination; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.0034861744989496536,"score_gpt":0.19642668382415684,"score_spread":0.1929405093252072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407865065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.770164,0.000075381016,0.22891107,0.00038177785,0.0001069352,0.00015069729,0.000009219707,0.00007321342,0.00012768275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89465266,0.0000047895223,0.10508194,0.00003257621,0.00003870304,0.000011795558,0.000019303992,0.000017432692,0.00014077693],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919325,0.0000043411706,0.00025750927,0.00017177117,0.00011711736,0.00025600762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996576,0.00005445806,0.00005338246,0.00016131821,0.000016677146,0.000056576133],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009339159,0.00015062219,0.00021725842,0.00006702334,0.00004113276,0.000020442474,0.00025984496,0.000097394055,0.0000657068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006215763,0.00010362817,0.000068912195,0.00011853708,0.00005615973,0.00007283053,0.00008327402,0.00026253445,0.000001764249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060759055,0.000014592277,0.000045971494,0.000019062905,0.00004015485,0.000009387198,0.00008981008,0.014229737,0.9810857,0.000020389523,0.00014519422,0.0042392393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007102383,0.000036758778,0.0001464744,0.00008795112,0.000025769294,0.00009231418,0.00001722652,0.0180193,0.9765722,0.00010927785,0.004049417,0.00013308693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008904961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.6022027e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12448866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010292892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008425543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4225834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407870434","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160974","title":"Mass transport limitations in high-performance water-vapor selective membranes: A multiphysics simulation approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St Joseph's Health Centre; University of Waterloo","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Qatar Foundation","keywords":"Multiphysics; Membrane; Water vapor; Mass transport; Mass transfer; Materials science; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Engineering; Biochemical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Finite element method; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013567504398152224,"score_gpt":0.20923297695553472,"score_spread":0.1956654725573825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407870434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86370987,0.0000133549365,0.13446227,0.00008010885,0.00007041352,0.0001205535,8.349238e-7,0.00010279184,0.0014398212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830487,0.00001858799,0.016692504,0.000019644762,0.000021687134,0.000021711448,0.000009926048,0.000010982654,0.00015629895],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991145,0.0000081727,0.00027687364,0.00018017074,0.00017353983,0.00024675328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972737,0.00006530625,0.00003465086,0.000114694274,0.000014687776,0.000043318545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013920815,0.0001318352,0.00015103363,0.00010349187,0.000054227534,0.000019377772,0.00019332065,0.00010505306,0.000029133937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007698575,0.000111679175,0.000038498038,0.0004066638,0.000046013636,0.00028260134,0.000024530334,0.00040934634,0.0000181111],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009839334,0.0000334118,0.0010661916,0.000025502115,0.0000071709082,0.00000140934,0.00013932034,0.71482015,0.28289443,0.000030302643,0.0000064846076,0.00096578547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003967503,0.000010901734,0.003497377,0.000022794538,0.000007499523,0.0000042390166,0.000026180165,0.5599725,0.43561938,0.00020679917,0.000117906035,0.000117665964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000043121913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4419323e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15484767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023367142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011461655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45541447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407902324","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160928","title":"Switchable biomaterials for wastewater treatment: From material innovations to technological advancements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Nanotechnology; Biochemical engineering; Materials science; Process engineering; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.011368637650448328,"score_gpt":0.24504960323555447,"score_spread":0.23368096558510615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407902324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94958806,0.000010625408,0.0484648,0.0008917352,0.00040017423,0.00026247452,0.000039661296,0.00021452055,0.00012795751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90732175,0.000007605899,0.09200718,0.00008463998,0.0000789627,0.00015665313,0.00003148862,0.000014452425,0.00029727927],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991153,0.000004284136,0.00030267346,0.00021218845,0.00010104064,0.00026451345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996734,0.000036838075,0.000046246878,0.00017709495,0.000011343426,0.000055076125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008863458,0.0001485199,0.00018255431,0.0000989017,0.000076692246,0.00007774108,0.00025762714,0.00012450758,0.0007137196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019155901,0.000117745236,0.000041828058,0.00028426747,0.00004224542,0.0001170876,0.00013406531,0.000051944186,0.0000687158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032435277,0.000036008463,0.00006698742,0.000004215305,0.000020338264,0.000001652486,0.00001317292,0.00181577,0.99424994,0.00021076637,0.0009613261,0.002587406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040541065,0.000046452948,0.00007250846,0.000024786166,0.000010658357,0.0000049100017,0.000011424648,0.0006895627,0.96905345,0.0012929231,0.028269889,0.00011803027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060032394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.218493e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04354238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027411972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000795918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78147286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407978707","doi":"10.3390/ma18051020","title":"Integration of Membrane-Based Pretreatment Methods with Pressure-Retarded Osmosis for Performance Enhancement: A Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Fouling; Forward osmosis; Osmotic power; Biofouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Biochemical engineering; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Software deployment; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Performance enhancement; Reverse osmosis; Computer science; Materials science; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04543682903592125,"score_gpt":0.3692637009303703,"score_spread":0.32382687189444903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407978707","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000041621308,0.98503476,0.0072575975,0.000042455937,0.00017125752,0.0062718214,0.0001791351,0.00009149102,0.0009098784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000023367065,0.926798,0.06741073,0.000051008392,0.000009550372,0.0040462287,0.00034253526,0.000026283642,0.0012923342],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99763834,0.00038283362,0.0009572325,0.000525073,0.00026435207,0.00023218332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980548,0.00024432753,0.0008989312,0.0007419483,0.000031259435,0.00002874428],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010352915,0.0004462515,0.0019619963,0.000094577845,0.00006813291,0.000031515036,0.00046203908,0.00020594204,0.0024898502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020989044,0.00028641688,0.0001929975,0.0003537715,0.00012685386,0.00011203711,0.000106607346,0.00006868417,0.00004003034],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043262207,0.000068264664,4.4883433e-7,0.20882589,0.00015618453,2.9388505e-7,0.00001327272,0.000014149345,0.005060699,0.000031058604,0.00054261973,0.78524387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001887744,0.00024273127,7.6197136e-7,0.055468865,0.0017343531,0.0000013739245,0.0000011040239,0.000017462255,0.4404305,0.00000921437,0.5016695,0.00023532179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029628618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035836981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78500855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001517517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009013188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407984454","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.200113","title":"Optimizing the Performance of Type U Ultrafiltration Membrane with Variations in Flow Rate and Filtration Time","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Membrane; Chromatography; Environmental science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Chemistry; Statistics; Physics","score_opus":0.0059084815712748245,"score_gpt":0.22501819901297782,"score_spread":0.219109717441703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407984454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735189,0.00012869327,0.023872003,0.0015580836,0.00014933791,0.00013271578,0.0000030636866,0.0000073822403,0.0006298275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98572636,0.00048004434,0.0135514075,0.00011533342,0.000012430798,0.0000015033814,0.000004735206,0.0000030496728,0.00010516588],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994036,0.00004626223,0.00024492602,0.00008165344,0.00016501124,0.000058551395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994928,0.00017111094,0.00018810487,0.00006166743,0.00007401133,0.000012267692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043868387,0.00006653051,0.00009688265,0.0001224243,0.000043640244,0.000037561844,0.00017010364,0.00008160099,0.000034907785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010528635,0.000045000368,0.000012861065,0.00021754643,0.00007925401,0.00036926643,0.00002470385,0.00023161157,0.0000011937683],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000905037,0.000113101894,0.017409597,0.000026390731,0.00016980035,0.000011684489,0.001069016,0.7890068,0.17555983,0.0028265046,0.00031977877,0.012582448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006781491,0.00024140619,0.031761646,0.000108447355,0.00003382321,0.0000707182,0.00009917167,0.94397116,0.021751488,0.0010595295,0.00012986932,0.00009459661],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000056707568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003318814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15496434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004997391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034480632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18350618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408020890","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137770","title":"Few-layer MoS2 co-assembly with GO to optimize defect channels and stability of GO membranes for high-performance organic-inorganic separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Layer (electronics); Chemical engineering; Separation (statistics); Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.013538565034252497,"score_gpt":0.2630329578443589,"score_spread":0.24949439281010638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408020890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955458,0.00005820896,0.0027088106,0.00048518297,0.00033419876,0.000654858,0.000024387735,0.00003522972,0.00015332879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954934,0.0001055974,0.004068569,0.00010023678,0.000037696125,0.000023390028,0.0000033711904,0.000017261867,0.00015043825],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984398,0.00008651791,0.0007070458,0.00024210861,0.000294188,0.00023035075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892515,0.00012282009,0.0005200267,0.00027286896,0.000095918076,0.000063225234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009782186,0.00019529574,0.000550398,0.000115098635,0.000109516965,0.00008744921,0.00029027616,0.00011081784,0.00051884976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017145778,0.00014497632,0.000043932105,0.00025264703,0.00011397232,0.00040941112,0.000100165904,0.000073393254,0.000025929576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007279649,0.00006209987,0.001596176,0.00021548344,0.00005422141,0.00000177889,0.00020515897,0.0014582488,0.99447185,0.000030947107,0.0008518469,0.00032424773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009585924,0.0008229634,0.00405447,0.00007044784,0.00007266509,0.0000325878,0.000093744755,0.00007942732,0.99313134,0.00016448206,0.0003709628,0.00014830756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020642266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025283258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002458294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013494487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006306233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59119624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408077278","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36164-2","title":"Contaminated oily wastewater treatment using composite membrane adsorption reactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wastewater; Ecotoxicology; Adsorption; Contamination; Waste management; Composite number; Environmental science; Sewage treatment; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Biology; Ecology; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.039647271398331886,"score_gpt":0.32742749162707024,"score_spread":0.28778022022873834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408077278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930727,0.0000742877,0.00003188075,0.00095673016,0.00007972551,0.0004754121,0.00001247333,0.000053680014,0.0052431123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99678123,0.00020908035,0.00030483946,0.00010100519,0.000010939074,0.000031793068,0.0000075513717,0.00000613671,0.0025474306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976196,0.00014048045,0.00021232822,0.00056074385,0.00092366396,0.0005431641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994442,0.000039316164,0.000044848126,0.00033419376,0.000008795798,0.0001286573],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011833586,0.0001519679,0.00013905579,0.00030608906,0.00072817045,0.00011785709,0.00031991463,0.00009116461,0.00088757323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050592982,0.00012404278,0.000027701399,0.00094558427,0.00294941,0.00055903196,0.00044938683,0.00017012541,0.0003349389],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003283883,0.00009302842,0.005878486,0.000003323806,0.000004661719,0.0000026721143,0.00017156113,0.0001446168,0.9851087,0.0001642115,0.00012230454,0.008273645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053669687,0.00018984263,0.07272466,0.000017937804,0.000008888936,0.000010912802,0.0006132564,0.005693656,0.90917593,0.00018352592,0.010688502,0.00015619602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006809264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036597092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.075932726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017278997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005026337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99976397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408106373","doi":"10.3390/membranes15030073","title":"Surfactant-Enhanced Cleaning Solutions for Ceramic Membranes: A Comparative Study on Humic Acid and BSA Fouling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fouling; Membrane fouling; Humic acid; Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Filtration (mathematics); Backwashing; Ceramic membrane; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04774644140290145,"score_gpt":0.3122611080871847,"score_spread":0.26451466668428325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408106373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98813117,0.00019524588,0.0024145045,0.0004811192,0.00019837263,0.0015268603,0.000012798528,0.00035201485,0.0066879042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808013,0.000048744398,0.0005031543,0.00019330598,0.000016546199,0.0002187553,0.000008603045,0.000017015029,0.00091375085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981681,0.00009788688,0.00037892084,0.00063784135,0.00024373301,0.00047350532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900794,0.0003846366,0.00012262701,0.00040930606,0.000022412565,0.00005307179],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041264133,0.00028360527,0.000405729,0.00014616898,0.0007414423,0.000095684314,0.00033860837,0.000110325826,0.00015261942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016204518,0.000262091,0.000071257935,0.00043503655,0.00027016382,0.00026690323,0.00022285453,0.0002030951,0.00010488727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003786407,0.0005886753,0.0030047703,0.00021722332,0.0001596761,0.0000054543852,0.008310094,0.016644469,0.96349037,0.0015034145,0.000773984,0.0049232095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039659836,0.00094045466,0.018173447,0.00016195445,0.00017018348,0.0000067612136,0.02802508,0.01756953,0.9238024,0.0035016907,0.0027798042,0.000902723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008376506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004695918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039688002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012716335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022795506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408147582","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2471043","title":"Chlorine regeneration of a zeolite ion-exchange column for ammonia removal from an explosives-impacted mining wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dow Chemical (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Ontario Centre of Innovation","keywords":"Chemistry; Chlorine; Wastewater; Zeolite; Effluent; Ammonia; Ion exchange; Inorganic chemistry; Nitrogen; Pulp and paper industry; Nuclear chemistry; Waste management; Ion; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012524020056074114,"score_gpt":0.2490941019967277,"score_spread":0.2365700819406536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408147582","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99580336,0.00017065789,0.0010735902,0.0012293744,0.0001611813,0.0007051572,0.00010554225,0.00029000538,0.00046115145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97981685,0.00009912634,0.017895369,0.00011640259,0.000029324156,0.000241454,0.00021591144,0.000025614781,0.0015599524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984078,0.000038366416,0.0004238959,0.00058126636,0.0001972116,0.00035150675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990061,0.000047282178,0.00019530524,0.00070028007,0.000003709924,0.0000473158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013398117,0.00023412182,0.00031165,0.0002450079,0.00014825397,0.000015581969,0.00046771133,0.00034823868,0.00078772526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000635163,0.00023920472,0.00006612392,0.00034925633,0.0005944296,0.0002946066,0.0004113802,0.0001429032,0.000065938395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009098507,0.00017637633,0.013336543,0.000010154546,0.000032859465,0.0000051591987,0.00023992186,0.0001523584,0.9677319,0.00025320452,0.0006616682,0.017308874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009379046,0.00036087478,0.009550316,0.000021725993,0.00003396505,0.000007433443,0.00090118626,0.0013308066,0.97133607,0.0031567116,0.012135253,0.00022774468],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009822663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001511465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01708113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002677148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007981715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97544855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408249653","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107388","title":"Foaming in wastewater treatment plants: Deciphering biological foaming and challenges in MBR systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; European Regional Development Fund; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Macquarie University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Wastewater; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03111656662015228,"score_gpt":0.23904625365696008,"score_spread":0.2079296870368078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408249653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9943776,0.0048277634,0.00025643143,0.00018337756,0.00011063512,0.00009237425,2.5625357e-7,0.000023975936,0.00012759955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977656,0.0017241059,0.00044712555,0.0000033406247,0.000014867589,0.000015197295,2.738626e-7,0.000006627591,0.000022887472],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991156,0.00001678292,0.00038312539,0.0001520531,0.000102884085,0.00022959712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979776,0.00004007225,0.000054223747,0.000074602984,0.000004839339,0.000028472565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029583846,0.00012979195,0.00025026224,0.00021384744,0.00001938461,0.000030829644,0.00013851616,0.000081941085,0.000007161088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003409635,0.00008172288,0.000020413252,0.00009127264,0.000021167081,0.0002503518,0.00007271302,0.0001327545,0.0000020174634],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014175577,0.0002311423,0.10961425,0.00091399555,0.00008885122,0.00047930097,0.0131643675,0.5319005,0.2805745,0.000108869266,0.0000051882075,0.06277723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004359488,0.00075897045,0.0647236,0.003054108,0.000029759465,0.00059057964,0.009253232,0.10369239,0.80547565,0.00052587024,0.0066019464,0.0009344334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019464545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014112315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52490115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001957281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045510524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33325624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408274067","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118799","title":"Fabricate superhydrophobic PVDF membrane using waterborne polyurethane and hexadecyl polysiloxane-modified silicon dioxide (WPU/SiO2@HD-POS) to achieve self-healing ability in membrane distillation process","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","keywords":"Polyurethane; Membrane; Materials science; Membrane distillation; Wafer; Chemical engineering; Silicon dioxide; Self-healing; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.013716990445894073,"score_gpt":0.28507157587557863,"score_spread":0.27135458542968455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408274067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99199045,0.000058715388,0.0031804843,0.0022853978,0.00014379778,0.0010938721,0.000011165454,0.00034891616,0.00088721735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976883,0.00004449848,0.0016521239,0.00023331621,0.000024293746,0.00006799723,0.000042610154,0.000027715967,0.00021916874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969733,0.00023597499,0.0007595041,0.00093297183,0.00057277,0.00052549597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888074,0.0002045005,0.00020838297,0.0005175663,0.000055448185,0.00013333984],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012162741,0.00034757904,0.00044854215,0.0004241983,0.00021717385,0.00010072728,0.00033861955,0.00032063614,0.00010259964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004991407,0.00034516267,0.000056897796,0.0015638694,0.00013451146,0.0006004413,0.00022414648,0.00031397547,0.000059256196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002128734,0.00015971574,0.022095963,0.00020893618,0.000019719653,0.000006075049,0.0012067786,0.050862875,0.92102724,0.00026331143,0.000009615755,0.0039268625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010791399,0.000083970015,0.059563395,0.00010008366,0.000060425977,0.000010740915,0.0002450692,0.11360891,0.82305133,0.001584467,0.00012556922,0.0004869226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012095469,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031407768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09797596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009638284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045610137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408295877","doi":"10.1002/app.56939","title":"Superhydrophobic Solution Blow Spinning <scp>PTFE</scp>–<scp>SiO<sub>2</sub></scp> Composite Membranes for Enhanced Liquid–Liquid Extraction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Spinning; Composite number; Membrane; Extraction (chemistry); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.00870146910106854,"score_gpt":0.2515976891114107,"score_spread":0.2428962200103422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408295877","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97711724,0.00075236446,0.012975644,0.00033942316,0.0008716318,0.0005051853,0.000004556598,0.00014142647,0.0072925193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967051,0.00029941596,0.0020996092,0.00042898918,0.000112989095,0.000053442473,0.0000029403907,0.000025070962,0.00027241668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99619067,0.000045429297,0.0009959813,0.00071461673,0.0011799482,0.0008733844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99772257,0.0005526366,0.0008425052,0.00052485813,0.000118101416,0.00023933878],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015012262,0.0003813416,0.00050238875,0.00064698106,0.00092425605,0.00022243537,0.001320934,0.00024151175,0.000034128698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031524966,0.0003546542,0.0002099595,0.0019902864,0.0012340995,0.0013643077,0.00036764762,0.0005202632,0.000103092796],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089910485,0.0001142424,0.000030368992,0.000044580338,0.000021529399,0.0000048410584,0.00052931334,0.0013743502,0.99275523,0.0002815812,0.00093775,0.0038163278],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007055698,0.0004525485,0.00049701304,0.00007850965,0.000061698855,0.000049296785,0.0007527096,0.001993168,0.99295074,0.00036206143,0.0019919362,0.0001047458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015958576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012152002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019587878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043409647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024968677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408360070","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132469","title":"NOM foulant−hypochlorite interactions impact PVDF UF membrane ageing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hypochlorite; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Ageing; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01278004461294911,"score_gpt":0.3127417352594698,"score_spread":0.2999616906465207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408360070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8967231,0.0003841659,0.026998583,0.013069941,0.00039794453,0.0008244525,0.0000148036,0.0013983668,0.060188632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99253774,0.00017994845,0.0018696021,0.00023477632,0.000016404045,0.00012318815,0.00004554815,0.000010305974,0.0049824845],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987137,0.00004615065,0.00038424935,0.00047039546,0.00013935819,0.00024618683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991505,0.00006710447,0.00016507132,0.00053777953,0.00003374949,0.000045777706],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016893206,0.00019235816,0.00020289968,0.0004949935,0.00032552762,0.00007662505,0.00028707026,0.00024884893,0.0010094622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017501155,0.00018387161,0.000053417953,0.0011837103,0.00033449853,0.00040154145,0.00013271192,0.00028156058,0.0005459254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088003115,0.00019998474,0.017565966,0.000036709753,0.00009141128,0.0000078280245,0.0004165922,0.0013372301,0.7476716,0.094261944,0.0151502425,0.123172455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014244462,0.0002313872,0.1026008,0.00006549979,0.00009786748,0.00009296307,0.0011103706,0.021385198,0.50000167,0.048777897,0.32334358,0.000868311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009425468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015745954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30819333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015211006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026141843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408470420","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144304","title":"Optimization of carbon membrane performance in reverse osmosis systems for reducing salinity, nitrates, phosphates, and ammonia in aquaculture wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Salinity; Ammonia; Environmental science; Chemistry; Membrane; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Engineering","score_opus":0.019801287433316484,"score_gpt":0.2624825344537804,"score_spread":0.2426812470204639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408470420","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012653682,0.9831743,0.00000900707,0.000026012025,0.00014063285,0.0021687108,0.000031212243,0.00006120982,0.0017352053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0026806928,0.99282384,0.002800107,0.000006481823,0.0000106602,0.0003255469,0.00011639353,0.000029477593,0.0012067776],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980756,0.00006804772,0.00084869034,0.00055365625,0.00017443235,0.00027958438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990603,0.0001083096,0.00039688693,0.00038306537,0.000016257545,0.000035191086],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039393984,0.00036108264,0.0011449943,0.000053304066,0.000038025213,0.00003390984,0.0003314469,0.0005268853,0.00006347769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012266923,0.00030291948,0.00008437025,0.0007380263,0.00012209041,0.00016778668,0.00018495382,0.00029567844,0.0000038154544],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014825922,0.0004194853,0.003857187,0.277748,0.00015665885,0.000018585291,0.001092874,0.1959906,0.00043670047,0.000049038856,0.0018932171,0.5181894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0061669275,0.00054979423,0.00020013699,0.19891651,0.0015355537,0.00007884085,0.0022922796,0.11780715,0.051566254,0.000103762715,0.6159323,0.0048505324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093574676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015217644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61403906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029396947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060183986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408490714","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.123978","title":"On the role of crystal-liquid interfacial energy in determining scaling, nucleation and crystal growth in membrane distillation crystallisation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; European Research Council","keywords":"Nucleation; Crystallization; Membrane distillation; Scaling; Crystal growth; Membrane; Materials science; Crystal (programming language); Chemical engineering; Chemical physics; Surface energy; Crystallography; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Computer science; Physics; Composite material; Desalination; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007656494772022988,"score_gpt":0.2339029460378937,"score_spread":0.2262464512658707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408490714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935475,0.000034898698,0.00091861055,0.00048405162,0.00010400792,0.00011910111,0.0000012646148,0.000010474275,0.0047800634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951804,0.00006170603,0.00030006198,0.00007651054,0.0000113055,0.000003305367,4.3759124e-7,0.000005382006,0.000023253415],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981154,0.000108836924,0.0006888628,0.00024592582,0.0006287887,0.00021217969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901134,0.00026770338,0.0004562623,0.0001659203,0.000056420078,0.000042346084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017526689,0.00013008263,0.00022778948,0.00056013156,0.0001213616,0.00006157796,0.00047885498,0.00007585186,0.000106513326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012089662,0.00009814164,0.000040204355,0.0012374067,0.00070911454,0.00076888077,0.00016345634,0.00020727084,0.0000012741783],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021544483,0.000058931397,0.0053355163,0.000015386375,0.0000029420078,0.0000029467408,0.0010025457,0.011321792,0.9704606,0.0074306363,0.0000073618858,0.0041458993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078782934,0.00035755656,0.03544573,0.0003194965,0.0000107711785,0.00002243565,0.0016054867,0.03463893,0.91763496,0.008839648,0.00016546182,0.00017166669],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014057562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017986032,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05282561,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023834886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077137316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40021},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408851903","doi":"10.52843/cassyni.zjwy55","title":"Micronaut: Sphingomonas desiccabilis for Space Mining and Sustainable Space Development","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Space (punctuation); Sustainable development; Sphingomonas; Computer science; Business; Geology; Biology; Ecology; Paleontology; Bacteria; Pseudomonas","score_opus":0.01640999910957427,"score_gpt":0.25654568024998814,"score_spread":0.24013568114041386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408851903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.833185,0.0005556962,0.061254192,0.007191397,0.00029824316,0.0039696777,0.000019398685,0.00090138376,0.09262499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16062286,0.00009211556,0.58737564,0.0002409574,0.000021791986,0.0006037879,0.00003744668,0.000031047988,0.25097436],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805415,0.000028322811,0.00031602793,0.0008393468,0.00021189798,0.00055024837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904484,0.00019676442,0.00015284061,0.0005057309,0.000027535012,0.00007229357],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005932134,0.000334658,0.00033016386,0.00011446179,0.00029054694,0.00013612462,0.0004678122,0.0002836513,0.00043452176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003148889,0.00032292635,0.000059764847,0.00016412948,0.00021270305,0.00012463848,0.0034856896,0.00020165001,0.0000258473],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045126726,0.0008188063,0.09541867,0.011263267,0.0006931013,0.00010867954,0.025966335,0.034838285,0.033046618,0.09661764,0.49711296,0.20366438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007080727,0.0000763032,0.0054003373,0.00018380274,0.00006556528,0.000008162686,0.0072906115,0.002875044,0.34814855,0.013275686,0.62065744,0.0013104052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003947907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028827038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6725622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005084906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014905514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408958964","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102777","title":"Effectiveness of Lignocellulose Nanofibers (LNCFS) for removing nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate from Gamishan wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquaculture Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nitrate; Nitrite; Phosphate; Wastewater; Nanofiber; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006193143125788196,"score_gpt":0.23379093168294088,"score_spread":0.22759778855715268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408958964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928512,0.0005203651,0.00045822715,0.00008002331,0.00015506615,0.0006817622,0.000011533404,0.00010636511,0.0051354705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947715,0.000038064143,0.0032674226,0.00003766862,0.000008032917,0.000058134905,0.00004379537,0.000011916468,0.0017634844],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871147,0.000055197448,0.00037522797,0.00048241104,0.00017210774,0.00020357942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918985,0.00017249974,0.00021527735,0.00035177683,0.000027378097,0.00004319911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004252309,0.0001805444,0.0002891292,0.000043682263,0.000101800346,0.000033852666,0.00012068086,0.0001764033,0.00007994168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015541205,0.00014208163,0.000071269365,0.00025396267,0.00018043548,0.00020833108,0.00014036472,0.00008539349,0.000005829508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007261321,0.00004431295,0.020582834,0.00018131138,0.000051110354,0.00004739149,0.00021112029,0.000060021208,0.9749568,0.00008722529,0.0015741299,0.0021311303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003248585,0.000042803604,0.012367745,0.00016862531,0.000047132187,0.000018538176,0.00018093227,0.0000674738,0.9774207,0.0066687996,0.002528528,0.00016385822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041496684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008215089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058933285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015033782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.579392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408973501","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00454-6","title":"Development of an EOR-produced petroleum wastewater treatment system through integrated polyacrylonitrile membrane and ZrO2/sericin technologies: revelation of interactive mechanism based on synchrotron and XDLVO analyses","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of British Columbia; University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Polyacrylonitrile; Sericin; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Chemistry; Wastewater; Materials science; Waste management; Engineering; SILK; Polymer; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.02095867155343907,"score_gpt":0.2787682641060885,"score_spread":0.25780959255264946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408973501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99742496,0.000012892916,0.0010165346,0.00024397022,0.000050622068,0.0004957398,0.000011137424,0.0002056378,0.0005384868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895914,0.000009791801,0.010069703,0.00001671381,0.0000027578046,0.000053706048,0.000035455432,0.0000146171615,0.00020585574],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984206,0.00009907699,0.00050414854,0.00051976665,0.00022086821,0.00023552646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926627,0.000052089435,0.00017552152,0.00045439455,0.000025945938,0.000025784668],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023316786,0.00026883473,0.00042299047,0.00024504118,0.000116981915,0.00002434262,0.00018633492,0.00015861816,0.00007672407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033048647,0.00017105951,0.000039207276,0.0002471893,0.00021676917,0.00026731906,0.00015246464,0.00011590165,0.000012675577],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034751752,0.00014142097,0.00059833186,0.000116953015,0.000072687864,0.0000030645551,0.0011414381,0.0010232319,0.9890452,0.00019135671,0.000007758103,0.007311056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072434277,0.00046956877,0.0010823576,0.00017418242,0.000053433945,0.0000028233765,0.006957904,0.009209122,0.9808392,0.0002105691,0.000112554066,0.00016393578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020121524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008104372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009053169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003699546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002144597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6975605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409194069","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00460-8","title":"Integrated emulsion separation and fog collection with functionalized Janus wood membrane for water scarcity solutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Government of Jiangsu Province","keywords":"Janus; Emulsion; Water scarcity; Scarcity; Membrane; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Water resources; Ecology; Economics; Biology","score_opus":0.015776255202653192,"score_gpt":0.24498754924682165,"score_spread":0.22921129404416846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409194069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9746272,0.000011233674,0.01775534,0.001973455,0.00017096009,0.0008432786,0.00000933065,0.00023915258,0.0043700663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827433,0.000010311735,0.0016935793,0.00019710315,0.000015002676,0.0001681364,0.00015233127,0.000012790285,0.015007427],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884796,0.000053050062,0.00022002304,0.00038869682,0.0001764622,0.00031382262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996418,0.00003258698,0.000032120173,0.00021262867,0.000041172578,0.00003974075],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002272396,0.00016728726,0.00016264981,0.000117542775,0.0005302365,0.00007124604,0.00010174816,0.00013366998,0.0012230905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020410826,0.00009749175,0.000041240968,0.00020907444,0.00020329139,0.000309856,0.00011338016,0.00011664745,0.00013710979],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013440681,0.00018337896,0.0029269063,0.00006285277,0.00008838646,0.0000018851263,0.0012866199,0.003422274,0.962966,0.00066064706,0.017231079,0.009825878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017357833,0.00024157876,0.0031975615,0.0000210664,0.00005895355,0.000008846333,0.00031164524,0.008906615,0.94468033,0.0029823568,0.03762755,0.00022773784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019019532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077495014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020396471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016975484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000084371195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409359513","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.162476","title":"Comparison and mechanistic insights into the alleviation of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by ozonation and electrocatalytic oxidation pre-treatments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Fouling; Membrane fouling; Chemistry; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.004571081773187189,"score_gpt":0.2305934263645208,"score_spread":0.2260223445913336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409359513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8637225,0.00031220212,0.1355751,0.00017211623,0.00003060032,0.00010625519,1.9585066e-7,0.000027920543,0.000053104144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99717814,0.00017769981,0.002567703,0.000013048095,0.000008200507,0.0000073103206,0.000012120386,0.000004307284,0.000031463114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994148,0.000011575092,0.00022766535,0.0001169596,0.00014683427,0.000082144026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970925,0.00008582127,0.00009511733,0.000070987466,0.000012358621,0.000026470609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116201496,0.00008457525,0.00010480345,0.00004453629,0.00007787002,0.000035693865,0.000081573264,0.000061964,0.00001075875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018979893,0.0000653821,0.000013884512,0.00014899556,0.000044371634,0.00017262221,0.00002953022,0.00013529752,0.0000010043544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007808446,0.000017189694,0.00033559825,0.000019808766,0.000016229696,9.911373e-8,0.00028537822,0.0034757413,0.9924018,0.00039595738,0.00003972502,0.0030047086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020027856,0.000027805894,0.0014814722,0.000025636364,0.000028426988,0.0000058640444,0.000030073796,0.1251059,0.8721814,0.00078071136,0.00007855849,0.00005384544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007643493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012135741,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13345565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100208665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006117434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26662046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409374001","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.116434","title":"Efficient removal of hazardous dyes/heavy-metal ions by in-house fabricated poly (vinylidene fluoride) thin-film nanocomposite membranes with functionalized Zr-based metal-organic framework","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal; University Grants Commission","keywords":"Nanocomposite; Fluoride; Membrane; Materials science; Hazardous waste; Metal; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Waste management; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering","score_opus":0.0037508221519201835,"score_gpt":0.19226413402668532,"score_spread":0.18851331187476514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409374001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9814072,0.0013446241,0.0162959,0.00031710838,0.000158617,0.00023044617,0.000014197529,0.0000937734,0.0001381116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838385,0.000040155006,0.015826374,0.000083652434,0.000019287418,0.000010383328,0.000007648596,0.0000458477,0.00012812896],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976825,0.000039058068,0.00085379643,0.00034205875,0.0007278236,0.00035475078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989425,0.00023787029,0.00034937588,0.00033176132,0.000009001406,0.00012947973],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002809139,0.00033571184,0.0005683775,0.00022688178,0.000056690707,0.000021562053,0.0004625068,0.00021641307,0.000823839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015264115,0.0002912373,0.00019522867,0.00064546795,0.00025933635,0.00014412087,0.00017176062,0.0006168787,0.000025612766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023250695,0.00033870575,0.000502764,0.000031927764,0.00007857495,0.000044233006,0.0000362534,0.2147499,0.78370017,0.000019701338,0.00006414141,0.00020110182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014776932,0.00016038804,0.0020386893,0.00017102416,0.000113612565,0.00018504987,0.000058658996,0.032476045,0.96204174,0.0000365754,0.0009356652,0.00030488177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017701437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.396328e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18227386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057883695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030245275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409446974","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.116653","title":"Advances in membrane bioreactor for landfill leachate treatment: A review of characterization, challenges, and novel configurations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Leachate; Bioreactor landfill; Membrane bioreactor; Bioreactor; Characterization (materials science); Waste management; Environmental science; Chemistry; Engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Sewage treatment; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.009851486089960719,"score_gpt":0.22663568544275056,"score_spread":0.21678419935278984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409446974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89782256,0.080753565,0.015336404,0.0025260032,0.00024027532,0.0013386216,0.00016646883,0.000053389987,0.0017627005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87461513,0.12297953,0.0022597471,0.000047640595,0.000015410254,0.000023779992,0.00001931047,0.000009267244,0.000030198857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930054,0.000005038456,0.00038665923,0.00011124356,0.00009914158,0.000097382675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996527,0.000067642504,0.00016076285,0.00008399644,0.000003158785,0.00003173024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010212619,0.00010590652,0.0002534346,0.000063423875,0.0000102340355,0.0000032040768,0.000090266556,0.00005126862,0.000057402554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008284712,0.00008962569,0.00005039768,0.000070315626,0.000056859113,0.00022978806,0.000029377063,0.00006685264,8.3875204e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015082984,0.000077751225,0.00011303981,0.00038055843,0.000010480706,6.1534456e-7,0.00004163057,0.00012844215,0.9846225,0.0001840393,0.000002770768,0.014423102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017153948,0.0001806961,0.0074424963,0.0018498757,0.000061829975,0.000030348512,0.00006798802,0.0015180266,0.9613992,0.0000896771,0.025435112,0.00020937964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.715812e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.591843e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04222596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012641022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004761417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36548296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409498910","doi":"10.5006/s2019-00025","title":"100% Solids Elastomeric Polyurethane vs 100% Solids Epoxy Linings in Steel Potable Water Storage Applications","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Epoxy; Potable water; Polyurethane; Materials science; Elastomer; Composite material; Environmental science; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.009860416962037306,"score_gpt":0.24126569502197168,"score_spread":0.23140527805993438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409498910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8848412,0.00003839318,0.0025555238,0.0017046611,0.00014595389,0.00096600974,0.0000049735413,0.00047699,0.109266296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9552904,0.000022770879,0.0020300744,0.00079562684,0.000025787092,0.00015833275,0.000020929063,0.00003081193,0.041625302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791306,0.00004559884,0.00041814093,0.0005960277,0.00039627583,0.0006308937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897754,0.0000525933,0.00009171281,0.0007697967,0.000010921471,0.00009740521],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003479319,0.00024560347,0.00030237538,0.00017570803,0.00010164002,0.000061313876,0.000589506,0.00021809166,0.016787358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019945966,0.00019243172,0.000063459345,0.0005662901,0.00020801216,0.0003857017,0.00042504034,0.00031019322,0.019175008],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006524125,0.00031185625,0.042532373,0.000049959577,0.000025225536,0.000010898156,0.0014225526,0.012989394,0.9259811,0.0015724074,0.009105374,0.005933619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023114786,0.0006309661,0.028766552,0.000036280577,0.000033050175,0.00005371174,0.0020066092,0.0099284435,0.6989536,0.0028492834,0.25284356,0.0015864243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052446115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020395644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24373819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017918099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018606781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9841114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409559136","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-86705-7_2","title":"Feasibility of Industrial Marine Infrastructure for Zero-Energy Seawater Desalination: Harnessing Hydrostatic Pressure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Sustainable civil infrastructures","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Francophone University Association","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Desalination; Hydrostatic pressure; Environmental science; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Oceanography; Environmental engineering; Marine engineering; Engineering; Geology; Physics; Mechanics; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013498420396247197,"score_gpt":0.24434048498835134,"score_spread":0.23084206459210416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409559136","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0051586153,0.00075815455,0.016427483,0.00069195416,0.0012551573,0.005348118,0.00071872934,0.0007133084,0.96892846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.36489615,0.000055861234,0.003712291,0.00021089496,0.00018025366,0.00013721747,0.00067310565,0.00011742002,0.6300168],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965085,0.000069962756,0.0010060964,0.0010119145,0.0006884893,0.0007150369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974411,0.00023001102,0.000869849,0.0010809925,0.0002607277,0.00011727875],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003903045,0.0007674782,0.0009475669,0.00037689987,0.00035474435,0.00013737414,0.00089340145,0.0013063318,0.0066723246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006508315,0.0007035807,0.0002775416,0.00024309059,0.00088886544,0.00042776007,0.0012947087,0.0006886934,0.000004374361],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00085512357,0.000067594265,0.010082981,0.0030631325,0.0005656408,0.00004592648,0.000523141,0.0410491,0.00078080065,0.5061293,0.38162243,0.055214826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011135614,0.0001430518,0.0009086807,0.00012240712,0.0002466236,0.000007538575,0.00012895608,0.00063252205,0.0027119636,0.71764463,0.27571696,0.000623125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004457594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019856347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35973755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006214023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036030193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409619328","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137660","title":"Facile approach developed for low-pressure separation of ethanol-water using cellulose membrane grafted with acrylic polyelectrolyte","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polyelectrolyte; Cellulose; Membrane; Acrylic acid; Ethanol; Chemical engineering; Acrylic resin; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymer; Copolymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.013301450171125807,"score_gpt":0.2802953023203735,"score_spread":0.26699385214924765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409619328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94766486,0.0001189402,0.05015151,0.00017539762,0.000080323145,0.0003008108,0.0000028138159,0.000012238656,0.0014931228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862295,0.000017197124,0.012109473,0.000033818058,0.00000623324,0.0000051026177,3.7151815e-7,0.0000046139257,0.001593731],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987346,0.000028300004,0.00037975947,0.00022705672,0.00038311505,0.000247196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993883,0.000032948978,0.00025167456,0.00015073679,0.0001221675,0.000054216103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007200599,0.00012646192,0.00024779703,0.00021218928,0.00016046988,0.000074710224,0.0004450807,0.00006377567,0.000046296973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000091006346,0.00008058286,0.00003727533,0.00068239274,0.0006360345,0.0006994831,0.00013535596,0.00013499925,0.0000015873838],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002024628,0.000039670264,0.0002885583,0.000042010248,0.000017268278,1.3936777e-7,0.00045431886,0.009018248,0.98953646,0.00005611927,0.000115582065,0.00022913443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005185514,0.00028573425,0.00026491063,0.000057723537,0.000031455667,0.000022102435,0.00026932522,0.0217837,0.9756229,0.00011038101,0.0009348949,0.0000983121],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015941516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000063881407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038564615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080263126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013444823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32860738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409787715","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107747","title":"Sustainable valorization of electrocoagulation sludge in ceramic kaolinite membrane fabrication and its application to seawater pretreatment for SWRO desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche Scientifique et de la Formation des Cadres; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique","keywords":"Desalination; Kaolinite; Electrocoagulation; Seawater; Ceramic; Environmental science; Waste management; Ceramic membrane; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.005210708183737622,"score_gpt":0.24158641549320328,"score_spread":0.23637570730946567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409787715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81954837,0.00003433509,0.17945835,0.00030002417,0.00003174565,0.0005791016,5.3300437e-7,0.000017467668,0.000030065688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982677,0.000019482224,0.0014110297,0.000014745085,0.00001208773,0.000089294736,0.000010081443,0.000008116065,0.00016744809],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992228,0.0000099503095,0.000365755,0.00012296172,0.00013435764,0.00014418321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996399,0.000024258925,0.00011943395,0.00006618943,0.00012837195,0.000021819344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031705917,0.000084874555,0.00013790274,0.0003117189,0.00002865622,0.000016737311,0.00009242223,0.000057610898,0.0000036777428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000102164006,0.00006934653,0.000019285317,0.00033810624,0.0000070282417,0.0004088018,0.000026111698,0.00005505987,0.0000010790859],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049468286,0.000032390097,0.0016731309,0.00026818298,0.000009134659,2.4321292e-7,0.00058664643,0.424558,0.57106674,0.00039770172,0.0000059953404,0.0013523845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038584604,0.00009341708,0.006277144,0.00003544199,0.000017005781,0.0000019231359,0.000064169464,0.1057506,0.886216,0.0008870272,0.00020571111,0.000065741064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010701647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003114763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3188074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022109601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001134293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28278697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409839283","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133208","title":"Preparation of highly smooth nanofiltration membranes based on lignin nanoparticle hydrogels and study of interfacial mechanism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Lignin; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Self-healing hydrogels; Nanoparticle; Mechanism (biology); Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.010427717127689234,"score_gpt":0.2828478047370994,"score_spread":0.27242008760941017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409839283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99356645,0.000043083677,0.002959795,0.0009460479,0.000054736396,0.00085048855,0.0000042885345,0.00015567387,0.0014194081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988568,0.000029528444,0.00075896713,0.00005217002,0.0000030147366,0.00012244143,0.00000968607,0.0000063865036,0.00016101978],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986842,0.0000957207,0.0005152497,0.0003862483,0.00019917398,0.00011937162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991922,0.00006315761,0.00028951492,0.00038694745,0.000045518354,0.000022686268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002954566,0.00014476165,0.00023028813,0.00039202604,0.00012074899,0.000019093452,0.00015886647,0.00019793269,0.00004648012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011170234,0.0001413956,0.000019267074,0.00072663184,0.0002695217,0.00018995088,0.00005819716,0.0000880305,0.00001058483],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014720054,0.0004669336,0.0055601317,0.000038175403,0.000016005331,2.737153e-7,0.0006187425,0.0012186363,0.9497416,0.035002712,0.00011429356,0.0070752744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007594375,0.0009405485,0.0029809847,0.000016728933,0.000027458758,8.4780356e-7,0.00077687437,0.015947592,0.97183114,0.006253882,0.00035509735,0.000109376866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040618514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009681308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02874883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033942346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021892378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57659453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410452285","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133539","title":"Advances in self-cleaning membranes for effective water and wastewater treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Wastewater; Membrane; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.006160002427645405,"score_gpt":0.2695235070314469,"score_spread":0.2633635046038015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410452285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98666936,0.0010989845,0.0014657078,0.0055591976,0.0000686376,0.001430202,0.0000027201688,0.00036050123,0.0033446944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955769,0.0014649356,0.0015807317,0.000063763815,0.000004537087,0.00072436186,0.000019507574,0.0000056633016,0.00055955735],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992139,0.000029632356,0.00019889772,0.00034583945,0.000047069145,0.00016467633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970144,0.00005395759,0.0000443937,0.00017422964,0.000010380138,0.000015614802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013651405,0.00012187825,0.00014895415,0.00024364443,0.00013486228,0.000025895755,0.00007761868,0.00016226653,0.000032548767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030752315,0.00009120241,0.000014507367,0.00022987662,0.00016051752,0.00024309082,0.000045022916,0.000056307046,0.00002146111],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002017502,0.0002623469,0.02567955,0.00022700425,0.000038456164,0.0000017231433,0.002989526,0.0007427663,0.37848446,0.045876782,0.00025540157,0.5452402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009909391,0.00022611434,0.0019315567,0.000013152558,0.00001792799,0.0000050387134,0.0005815169,0.0035300795,0.8048674,0.02249523,0.1651766,0.00016444005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008566166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000110189096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5450758,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008541807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046396704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37191263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410589491","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00478-y","title":"Dynamic modulation of separation performance in electrically conductive polyamide membranes with scalable fabrication potential","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Polyamide; Fabrication; Electrical conductor; Membrane; Materials science; Modulation (music); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Acoustics; Physics","score_opus":0.00510308588848298,"score_gpt":0.22821850942034855,"score_spread":0.22311542353186556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410589491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909698,0.0000070161764,0.0048398455,0.00030349346,0.000037060847,0.00030457787,9.5083675e-7,0.000059898273,0.0034773936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973429,0.00001665557,0.0011043567,0.000041527546,0.0000026356388,0.000021685988,0.000026370166,0.000007084371,0.0014368048],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990731,0.000038089707,0.00024950595,0.00025494202,0.00019757272,0.00018682495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996659,0.000011523228,0.00007027531,0.00021067691,0.000027066711,0.00001455392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015077961,0.00010383532,0.00013316372,0.00014526918,0.00006105263,0.00001571056,0.0001448844,0.00008100525,0.0002042567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016631022,0.000075884054,0.00001902548,0.00040445724,0.00012909134,0.00042315145,0.00005116408,0.000098311466,0.000082226456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019038966,0.0000824715,0.025470762,0.00003658871,0.000011647989,9.064671e-7,0.000291044,0.12910475,0.83174866,0.00011758285,0.000062428495,0.012882779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037244527,0.00009246503,0.25628868,0.000014694529,0.00000925639,0.0000017548098,0.000075379474,0.1419446,0.60042655,0.0005897446,0.00008330146,0.000101157464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010030417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013071917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23132211,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016317704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000115426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3094462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410762169","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100358","title":"Customizing surface grafting and interlayer functionalization for PFOA separation in polyamide membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research X","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Richard Lounsbery Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Surface modification; Polyamide; Grafting; Membrane; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Composite material; Computer science; Polymer; Engineering","score_opus":0.050135953949306575,"score_gpt":0.3699803548634814,"score_spread":0.3198444009141748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410762169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891431,0.00005698589,0.0031486421,0.0020529144,0.00006122585,0.0005414015,0.0000015461216,0.000067596535,0.0049266065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993605,0.000028761047,0.00072311587,0.00006395804,0.000009450129,0.00007770503,0.000018387345,0.0000071267846,0.0054664663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887633,0.00011309772,0.00018972013,0.00028581696,0.00023544385,0.0002995972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996659,0.00012217615,0.000016832186,0.00014394095,0.000027071917,0.000024039426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012811916,0.000075671465,0.00009205233,0.00017154928,0.0001978824,0.00008346546,0.00013354578,0.00007196493,0.00022130653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021273397,0.000059445152,0.000016896887,0.00032575973,0.00014910624,0.00031252895,0.0002173881,0.00013922677,0.0000919976],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018108246,0.000041239404,0.05485464,0.00012224993,0.000012696233,0.0000020764667,0.0012270623,0.013029626,0.9191213,0.002309394,0.0037245827,0.005374036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008487788,0.000068528105,0.009083215,0.000058369737,0.00000439785,0.0000020935786,0.00064220256,0.044959575,0.9023896,0.011512237,0.030261382,0.00016960486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035152363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051419367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045771424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014985497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010304493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24241029},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410773683","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121978","title":"Membrane-enhanced methanogenesis efficiency and biomass retention in EGSB-AnMBR for food waste press filtrate treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Methanogenesis; Biomass (ecology); Food waste; Chemistry; Food science; Environmental science; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Methane; Ecology; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05857044412734738,"score_gpt":0.33447126104952063,"score_spread":0.2759008169221733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410773683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917735,0.00053900323,0.0010812057,0.000290908,0.00006158703,0.0015791388,0.000064892876,0.00004890143,0.00456088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924543,0.0007034872,0.0005993456,0.000014488128,0.00000976987,0.0007709413,0.000023815284,0.000017479024,0.005406385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997652,0.00021936223,0.00032279346,0.0007325497,0.0004928538,0.0005804586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912184,0.0003022939,0.000054910946,0.00043794423,0.0000036872175,0.000079290265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077791384,0.00020848041,0.00022710623,0.00023191968,0.00026891945,0.000056078366,0.00033109912,0.00015204636,0.00029138065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010594151,0.00018786488,0.00006888001,0.0004242397,0.0005890785,0.00021675207,0.0003529404,0.00014340141,0.00006330666],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013832525,0.00033449617,0.0022497762,0.000043606542,0.000025375259,0.000002848333,0.00025245448,0.0004715512,0.96000963,0.00012946126,0.000090648224,0.03625182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011807865,0.0006869008,0.005392754,0.000021769012,0.0000129057435,0.0000011898906,0.0010349883,0.0019836247,0.9865013,0.0010627137,0.0019474513,0.00017363598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016627235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025572217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036078185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00066079566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015793841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76609075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410782026","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2025.2508232","title":"A review of the application of response surface methodology in nanofiltration: Insights into process modeling, parametric analysis, and optimization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Separation Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Current Water Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanofiltration; Response surface methodology; Process (computing); Parametric statistics; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Process optimization; Process analysis; Chemical engineering; Chromatography; Membrane; Computer science; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.053017079909607634,"score_gpt":0.4029777438317118,"score_spread":0.3499606639221042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410782026","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0034559136,0.9522409,0.042390317,0.0003149518,0.000029414086,0.001428039,0.0000029544697,0.000043198692,0.00009429775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0194441,0.9712869,0.009049079,0.00004266038,0.0000012676213,0.00014346416,0.0000092068285,0.0000050004705,0.000018311419],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974355,0.0003992897,0.0009450037,0.0006673709,0.00039299217,0.00015983381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979374,0.00033111472,0.00081820803,0.0006943299,0.00019522228,0.0000237645],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026061477,0.0002095439,0.0010306173,0.0016062998,0.00014245562,0.0000149481975,0.0007365432,0.0003707243,0.000010675182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030951996,0.00014972276,0.0000688494,0.02405633,0.0015479153,0.00027229195,0.00035171016,0.00021212411,0.000001426449],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058979917,0.00020703186,0.0019918312,0.044765428,0.00015502573,9.1682807e-7,0.00067118433,0.11906031,0.002896372,0.007917886,0.00006316507,0.82221186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012129509,0.0008174557,0.0004205024,0.043977544,0.005413048,0.00007794229,0.0010054181,0.801615,0.027344735,0.027599959,0.08806944,0.002445993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006230694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012146094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81976587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001288995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042112486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410877639","doi":"10.1016/j.crgsc.2025.100460","title":"Innovative membrane engineering: Polyphenylsulfone/silver-doped zinc oxide for high-efficiency protein rejection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Vision Group on Science and Technology; National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal","keywords":"Zinc; Doping; Membrane; Materials science; Oxide; Metallurgy; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02564809536655814,"score_gpt":0.317546069790322,"score_spread":0.29189797442376386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410877639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99244267,0.00035096076,0.0013365309,0.00090392755,0.000034392175,0.0013526053,0.00000583329,0.000103508944,0.0034695705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860282,0.00005618045,0.00031400553,0.000007284674,0.000020671296,0.0006193528,0.000021465508,0.000011695738,0.012921125],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979439,0.000044265857,0.0003028753,0.0005379612,0.00036764142,0.00080334896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927664,0.00013007349,0.00005159744,0.00032711646,0.00014359684,0.000071001545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013782029,0.00017610345,0.00019564008,0.00022257034,0.00026109684,0.00007165193,0.00037146584,0.00014548303,0.00009353752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089780823,0.00017397966,0.000025442047,0.002199583,0.0003461994,0.0002260954,0.0005644906,0.00056482607,0.0000061139326],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020362377,0.0003399405,0.003003426,0.0040057027,0.00001632806,0.000023600536,0.00019962851,0.00055316556,0.9639305,0.014057162,0.0018681699,0.0117987385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001091033,0.00006414807,0.0015632394,0.00016370136,0.000003374575,0.0000021781223,0.0018790669,0.004016032,0.96653676,0.0064206063,0.017987782,0.00027204913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007140085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009802796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016119612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006834782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014228366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7094684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410985615","doi":"10.1007/s40996-025-01849-8","title":"Comparison Between the Efficiencies of Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Carboxyl Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Copper Ions (Cu2+) Removal from Synthesized Wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transactions of Civil Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Copper; Wastewater; Membrane; Carbon nanotube; Ion; Osmosis; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","score_opus":0.011209363228457045,"score_gpt":0.2329719368400845,"score_spread":0.22176257361162743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410985615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955729,0.00042846522,0.0025546625,0.0011013587,0.00008195243,0.00013084178,0.0000045391703,0.000029667955,0.00009557749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957736,0.00018212682,0.004016197,0.000004997316,0.0000026835612,0.0000037726127,7.780875e-8,0.0000050258277,0.000011491598],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987532,0.000021899708,0.0005394029,0.0001922227,0.00029076956,0.0002025403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993033,0.00021680546,0.00016315261,0.00022518849,0.00005575962,0.000035807032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006822628,0.00012922182,0.00039448918,0.0007099033,0.00012481929,0.000014902988,0.0004618598,0.00012829443,0.000016293052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028343685,0.0000966962,0.000039922455,0.0015178802,0.001916619,0.00021614549,0.00005118319,0.00031855697,2.5563628e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017965374,0.00006398337,0.022232441,0.000032519583,0.000038327275,0.0000044714698,0.00095579674,0.014345491,0.95899785,0.00005928937,0.0000035087405,0.0032483896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009861887,0.00014523385,0.021264886,0.00031336275,0.00011188793,0.000036252066,0.0033663083,0.016304525,0.9569656,0.0001774771,0.00016730245,0.0001609463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015187085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002567155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030874433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063786065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048662416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70618623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410994476","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04763","title":"Characterizing Transport Properties of Surface Charged Nanofiltration Membranes via Model-Based Data Analytics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; University of Notre Dame; U.S. Department of Education","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Chemistry; Data analysis; Chemical engineering; Computer science; Data mining; Engineering","score_opus":0.1554586979613175,"score_gpt":0.3198858990398379,"score_spread":0.16442720107852038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410994476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996432,0.000046833742,0.0014123947,0.00047332523,0.00006849008,0.0003401593,0.00004116098,0.00015743785,0.0010281869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988107,0.000021779844,0.00022569568,0.0000064593414,0.00003925921,0.00001785536,0.0001006345,0.000016818138,0.00076081173],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981194,0.000030660518,0.00040800995,0.0004379726,0.0006285913,0.00037534302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988575,0.00007282735,0.00006662116,0.00089104095,0.00005052316,0.00006146872],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011025371,0.00016908387,0.00024610263,0.00007404663,0.00009949325,0.000032795582,0.000990095,0.00029133793,0.00012847844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004563388,0.00016729,0.000039743612,0.0008513559,0.00021839241,0.00020785692,0.00021769917,0.0005592976,0.000009175456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004115639,0.00003695183,0.0004899756,0.0001573714,0.0000151442655,0.000001417592,0.000025179088,0.20505634,0.79373044,0.000003869866,0.00006953328,0.0003726204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002355555,0.000007236934,0.000038848582,0.00007930104,0.000008029008,4.2463753e-7,0.000017796357,0.35938126,0.6396474,0.0000042100282,0.0004899029,0.0000899983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010935498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005232945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15432492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015618974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001646276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6821888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411123062","doi":"10.1002/app.57407","title":"Investigating Performance Properties of Three New Types of <scp>UF</scp> Membranes for Carwash Sector Applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","keywords":"Membrane; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02252685136732481,"score_gpt":0.23864081327986095,"score_spread":0.21611396191253612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411123062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98902947,0.0009943843,0.0019845108,0.00017464388,0.00008944967,0.00035591307,0.0000022891586,0.00002132388,0.007348013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99335444,0.000048452737,0.0060717226,0.00007417543,0.000027591392,0.000024710354,1.9574736e-7,0.0000061560922,0.00039254013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985346,0.000006320891,0.00054991635,0.00019747528,0.0004916385,0.00022004348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988586,0.000101165715,0.00060935924,0.00028091396,0.00007339336,0.00007662424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054023165,0.00011711585,0.00025923792,0.00021077212,0.0001716893,0.000028011693,0.00094418455,0.000056880366,0.000019428944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108401146,0.00008987883,0.000058888465,0.0011333397,0.0012288563,0.0003461938,0.0001795124,0.00012321262,0.000005604017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000085460015,0.000028610335,0.0036209773,0.00013722268,0.000012409107,3.5698978e-8,0.0005243852,0.0012925115,0.9805804,0.0021319543,0.0002474196,0.011415552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022490781,0.000067416,0.0022509391,0.00006052932,0.000024412291,0.000002720419,0.0003416586,0.0011642769,0.9935554,0.0012959926,0.0009682516,0.000043455784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036659883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015548878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012975064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054295822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032112873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4527772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411138578","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c00162","title":"Technical and Environmental Sustainability of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Using Ce-NaY Zeolite-Modified Polyethersulfone (PES) Membranes: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cancer Care Nova Scotia; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Zeolite; Life-cycle assessment; Membrane; Sustainability; Wastewater; Life cycle inventory; Environmental science; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Economics","score_opus":0.022385836167847627,"score_gpt":0.30696650677523707,"score_spread":0.28458067060738945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411138578","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99433696,0.00008073629,0.0013842526,0.0007857384,0.000044252374,0.00085165334,0.000017017068,0.00010829171,0.0023910834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99691445,0.000056695102,0.002266012,0.00013609215,0.00001188089,0.00009175422,0.000033196102,0.000019632036,0.0004702843],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99782366,0.00016226551,0.0005064679,0.00064765173,0.00034403725,0.0005159084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991303,0.00006468803,0.00007353667,0.0005975238,0.0000073075585,0.00012662714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039344945,0.00031360015,0.00041310955,0.00010504308,0.00016198147,0.00004153306,0.0002973286,0.00021985269,0.00043042068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003030255,0.0002128198,0.00009254559,0.00014852712,0.000892703,0.0002322091,0.00061395817,0.00019760903,0.000015498872],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027416655,0.0014689813,0.020115996,0.00019528082,0.000117779906,0.0000122925485,0.0009989429,0.014850381,0.95693564,0.00066264806,0.00004796976,0.004319924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026341074,0.0002656987,0.0075547057,0.000017565664,0.00020023069,0.00002259978,0.001873136,0.04109799,0.94204044,0.0019124635,0.0018738459,0.0005072205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022085181,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005171913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026247608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00072350644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003637103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86785394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411537638","doi":"10.1039/d5ma00355e","title":"Dual-functional tannic acid-infused AgNPs-PVDF membranes <i>via</i> coagulation methods: an integrated study on antibacterial and antifouling performances for oil-in-water separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Advances","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Nazarbayev University; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Biofouling; Tannic acid; Membrane; Coagulation; Chemistry; Dual (grammatical number); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.02280448421048053,"score_gpt":0.33887468322398706,"score_spread":0.3160701990135065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411537638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99337274,0.000065798704,0.004241342,0.00017562331,0.0010980534,0.00068225426,0.00002350297,0.00017131437,0.0001693853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993549,0.00007993871,0.005650778,0.0000879029,0.00006935874,0.00021064818,0.0001389194,0.00001564136,0.00019783207],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981286,0.00026457582,0.0005512369,0.000565285,0.00020519362,0.0002851074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994135,0.00012207695,0.00015499488,0.0002501117,0.000028576718,0.000030740495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010423466,0.00026138374,0.00037700793,0.00017291098,0.0002775397,0.00018973231,0.00014684685,0.00011738528,0.00038927578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010516167,0.00019552493,0.000027279011,0.0002366388,0.00014486554,0.0012289307,0.00008629575,0.00007494891,0.000026302494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075086503,0.00014981042,0.0022969993,0.000068886264,0.000013395795,0.0000011496481,0.0003925331,0.0036402692,0.9723801,0.00003344433,0.000018820529,0.020253744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012126706,0.0003932208,0.012944473,0.000039077408,0.000023938674,0.0000022156603,0.00067032373,0.0016362892,0.97932297,0.0007586162,0.002754209,0.00024198394],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055011213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019500672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02001176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007664923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012515032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7973275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411541404","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02816","title":"Facile Epitaxial Growth of Novel Nanoscale Ag-MAFs on Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Enhancing Performance, Antibacterial Activity, and (Bio)fouling Resistance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Biofouling; Fouling; Surface modification; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Permeation; Forward osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.011890446578131666,"score_gpt":0.23078303147809381,"score_spread":0.21889258489996216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411541404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917086,0.000022578532,0.00025394702,0.0003225408,0.0002444697,0.0002423502,0.000026515552,0.00009214748,0.007086897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966204,0.00018543427,0.0012408219,0.00010302057,0.000021230311,0.000016262673,0.000005098943,0.000010386748,0.0017973245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872524,0.000031504922,0.000283885,0.00041386625,0.00028006826,0.00026546046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931055,0.0001302816,0.00015545684,0.00034825166,0.000016512398,0.00003897286],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025429402,0.00018619126,0.00027515355,0.00011868112,0.00019551511,0.000035367648,0.0002951191,0.00014818208,0.00005292983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022653387,0.00017956264,0.00004326882,0.0004613948,0.00029347278,0.00043631956,0.00027475072,0.00016378518,0.000032207914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017358494,0.00009456089,0.004929348,0.00017013136,0.000014285776,0.0000011610641,0.00017258873,0.00005331595,0.9918706,0.00020301074,0.00055270526,0.0017647013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006718808,0.00008012869,0.022682307,0.00013462285,0.000016393433,0.0000010475776,0.00008061208,0.00012063287,0.9741384,0.00008651829,0.0018025507,0.00018490662],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014448217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019563243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01775296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009368303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020737534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73223525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411669664","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02815","title":"Dye Removal from Contaminated Water Through PES Membranes Enhanced with the Incorporation of Switchable Polyacrylic Acid Grafted on Graphene Oxide","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Polyacrylic acid; Membrane; Acrylic acid; Nanocomposite; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Graphene; Materials science; Oxide; Polymer chemistry; Fouling; Adsorption; Polymerization; Polymer; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Monomer; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.007784788658339925,"score_gpt":0.21832861737403972,"score_spread":0.2105438287156998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411669664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99110925,0.00006857242,0.0013042509,0.0021322283,0.00006948245,0.00038441064,0.0000086506225,0.00015931844,0.0047638314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975041,0.00004831139,0.00075332244,0.0005628471,0.000007742358,0.000056026867,0.00004390151,0.000012799707,0.001010961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998737,0.00006935841,0.00026866083,0.00036089367,0.00032695883,0.00023714417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915653,0.00009754483,0.00014233432,0.0005570131,0.000026617332,0.00001993427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015951255,0.0001946984,0.00023506259,0.000069439244,0.00016948808,0.0000326805,0.00042339173,0.00011514558,0.00010913855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005468842,0.00010887226,0.00004040269,0.0005671963,0.00035849342,0.00032046545,0.00014118002,0.0001469493,0.000095784715],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018002013,0.00005316108,0.00070130755,0.000011774835,0.000042002972,0.0000041848725,0.0004962168,0.00048254157,0.99599105,0.0008690408,0.0004468103,0.0007219012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005540088,0.00011584707,0.0058066854,0.000035691206,0.0000296676,0.0000014128383,0.00047486436,0.000058637845,0.9862349,0.0053328034,0.0012144495,0.00014103296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014660183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013992296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009756139,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006264988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015869087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44396818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412047803","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c04120","title":"Revealing Wetting Patterns of Porous Hydrophobic Membranes for Desalination Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Wetting; Dielectric spectroscopy; Desalination; Membrane; Porosity; Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Composite material; Electrode; Engineering","score_opus":0.007243414891440277,"score_gpt":0.26426680217071763,"score_spread":0.25702338727927737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412047803","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97138757,0.0001797626,0.026760759,0.0004133784,0.00010374776,0.00053008297,0.0000075305884,0.00018630535,0.0004308548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784521,0.00008458025,0.021185903,0.000074338925,0.000010974357,0.00005551215,0.0000052193673,0.000014384658,0.00011701227],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978051,0.000019203288,0.00045621666,0.00072168664,0.00038732245,0.00061047927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912417,0.00006111093,0.0002695001,0.0004950646,0.000007220377,0.000042952768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005109159,0.00021561072,0.0002735013,0.00046162252,0.0003876737,0.000022684144,0.00092008634,0.00020434982,0.000121754565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018118591,0.00022091289,0.000061772684,0.0013267028,0.0017215733,0.00032508743,0.0005047511,0.0002107043,0.000016072156],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014111853,0.000060013004,0.021940898,0.000024047442,0.0000047547296,9.643235e-7,0.00004127959,0.00048022598,0.9743132,0.00066596206,0.000007234341,0.0024473057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028874422,0.00010900562,0.001584278,0.00003154884,0.000018386443,0.000015965823,0.0003039754,0.00678776,0.98666,0.003713333,0.0002961846,0.00019084207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037208247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000099161925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02035662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008574546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039435585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9008566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412184224","doi":"10.1002/admi.202500318","title":"Advanced Water Production via Point of Use Super‐Ultralow‐Pressure Reverse Osmosis and Cellulose‐Polyamide Thin‐Film Nanocomposite Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Japan Science and Technology Agency; Center of Innovation Program; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Membrane; Materials science; Permeation; Reverse osmosis; Chemical engineering; Nanocomposite; Cellulose; Forward osmosis; Polyamide; Biofouling; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0068112329559270445,"score_gpt":0.226839962464247,"score_spread":0.22002872950831998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412184224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99669176,0.00026188118,0.00034006886,0.000684872,0.00079223735,0.00070106256,0.00003125845,0.00022341416,0.0002734177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888119,0.0004442195,0.0065207137,0.000105383675,0.000011083367,0.000071426315,0.000020494801,0.000022117916,0.0039926423],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998167,0.000111777896,0.00056033727,0.0006242533,0.00020729785,0.0003293734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916285,0.000061675455,0.00017168533,0.0005298641,0.000033889406,0.00004003028],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024009125,0.00029936671,0.0004361974,0.00010411025,0.00012228626,0.00006799993,0.00032704006,0.00013594027,0.0009128652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013057367,0.00022939144,0.0000399937,0.00016463388,0.00042018841,0.0013552677,0.00028817754,0.00010381603,0.000072726805],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029921412,0.00004352628,0.00041297678,0.00022792858,0.000039090195,0.0000016407956,0.0004772872,0.008065204,0.989166,0.00004682249,0.00023946833,0.0009808268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038134962,0.000098970755,0.00049309,0.00014305991,0.00005258044,0.0000063472294,0.00024328112,0.00005436842,0.99379516,0.0010449468,0.0034389792,0.0002478533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024674076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000042512904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008010835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048788293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050692347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412323619","doi":"","title":"Membrane fouling during the filtration of swine manure pretreated by flocculation using cationic polymer","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Flocculation; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Cationic polymerization; Membrane fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Chemistry; Membrane; Manure; Pulp and paper industry; Polymer; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Biology; Mathematics; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry; Agronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.009097977094535286,"score_gpt":0.21869048483864256,"score_spread":0.2095925077441073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412323619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942129,0.00003132315,0.0017063115,0.00041711624,0.000028135943,0.00036205447,0.0000018173575,0.00009832345,0.0031420048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965175,0.000008781489,0.00077883486,0.00003507611,0.000009672267,0.000019792915,0.000015966016,0.000008074075,0.002606295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920905,0.000032138636,0.00023970573,0.00017095111,0.00021547244,0.00013266742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954545,0.000028499539,0.0001237648,0.00026829043,0.000014123407,0.00001986766],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008445681,0.00009216192,0.0000838615,0.000030689105,0.00014919901,0.000030435876,0.00015452526,0.000068439724,0.005576824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003157909,0.00006469021,0.00002703685,0.00027998575,0.00009818206,0.00043436766,0.00005189788,0.00006395626,0.00014045017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000027305457,0.000013802814,0.008828698,0.0000075894463,0.000006019415,5.6908316e-8,0.00009056986,0.008382579,0.9818794,0.000050740622,0.00024491732,0.0004928566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013511706,0.000011458919,0.031299498,0.0000055653,0.000008761576,0.0000029906932,0.00010834049,0.050433718,0.91781443,0.00007503935,0.000026002792,0.0000790781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014504346,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006219378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06406501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007610355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004763132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99533224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412371531","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00497-9","title":"Electrically conductive membranes featuring integrated porous feed spacers for superior antifouling performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Porosity; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.01118186177976821,"score_gpt":0.2363706597312315,"score_spread":0.2251887979514633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412371531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99323696,0.000020851432,0.0006062301,0.001092122,0.00018041945,0.0005112161,0.0000037127593,0.0002930611,0.00405544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896746,0.000029856503,0.0026739477,0.00022291589,0.00001437179,0.000045764264,0.00002173054,0.000019015139,0.007297767],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987463,0.000026009282,0.00022723706,0.00040653284,0.000156266,0.0004376973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958694,0.000044058248,0.000039081067,0.00026116875,0.000030797753,0.00003798341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020629939,0.00019225945,0.00021450261,0.000106614236,0.00024353896,0.00006855811,0.0002991543,0.00013493349,0.00044079366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009255356,0.00013624885,0.000054053984,0.0003285841,0.00018652742,0.00030736998,0.0001273642,0.00020177767,0.00021141139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027721882,0.000050077968,0.008614494,0.00008338441,0.000048737696,0.0000051449224,0.0008708051,0.0022389335,0.9593439,0.00009562592,0.0021425632,0.026229108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004934515,0.000099375786,0.0049437927,0.000022164182,0.000019374229,0.000005355941,0.0005334407,0.003327792,0.9837302,0.00017694154,0.0064413175,0.00020676792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000074249074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050593997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02602234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019284514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001681718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5556067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412454547","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110442","title":"Desalination systems for minimal and zero liquid discharge purposes: A review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Zero (linguistics); Environmental science; Chemistry; Philosophy","score_opus":0.029290047569619008,"score_gpt":0.31033565526533247,"score_spread":0.28104560769571346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412454547","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004674638,0.98842126,0.009728685,0.00010624737,0.000070899,0.0012607975,0.00001780921,0.00025225533,0.00009532507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0012347623,0.9957759,0.0011822792,0.000040750376,0.000033635308,0.0013972351,0.00015838654,0.000037365062,0.0001396923],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837,0.000015766787,0.00059708,0.00061959366,0.00016835425,0.00022919102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991571,0.0001578393,0.00031531838,0.00021032237,0.00008968039,0.00006975615],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031323265,0.00036042565,0.0008266236,0.00009769483,0.000091571426,0.00010173119,0.00023146434,0.00031987485,0.0000034405955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014946589,0.00030512392,0.00007123204,0.00041105985,0.000113071525,0.00022306626,0.000089025634,0.00022295136,0.000003603361],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011341836,0.00002585531,4.3817641e-7,0.40177712,0.00002358992,3.4070487e-7,0.00008896652,0.00003964343,0.0004745841,0.00021682767,0.00066076097,0.5966805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002824772,0.000108316344,5.4029636e-7,0.190272,0.0010941317,0.00011142296,0.00006380451,0.02998478,0.0019819578,0.00014314734,0.77470577,0.0012516784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016987891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8600904e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.774045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009795592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005159513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999401},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412489808","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119174","title":"Purifying the future: Membrane technologies for ultrapure water supply in hydrogen production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"American University of Sharjah; University of Sharjah","keywords":"Ultrapure water; Hydrogen production; Production (economics); Environmental science; Membrane technology; Waste management; Membrane; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Process engineering; Hydrogen; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Economics","score_opus":0.008313287661654744,"score_gpt":0.24464321561032742,"score_spread":0.2363299279486727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412489808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9494819,0.00017494497,0.0010911721,0.04613678,0.00035401725,0.001225806,0.0000027652582,0.0005052611,0.0010273616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99766123,0.00009145922,0.00092894677,0.0000927378,0.000027387336,0.00037485608,0.000029536643,0.0000072580283,0.0007865939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991445,0.000033823595,0.00019897324,0.00027996377,0.00014669956,0.00019606792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996122,0.000036104146,0.000044483364,0.00028648562,0.000014950477,0.0000057719335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048053914,0.00010190475,0.00009045463,0.00012943665,0.00017369732,0.000028601788,0.0002870116,0.00014818244,0.0000415047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017424491,0.00006416745,0.000032920034,0.00045417505,0.00013319806,0.0002556987,0.00007499315,0.00013562157,0.000040476898],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049834456,0.00008433772,0.009214404,0.00006366869,0.000015194325,0.000001031222,0.0007265847,0.004194786,0.8232168,0.008593887,0.003314067,0.15052539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018925962,0.000017266768,0.003104835,0.000010139629,0.000007857735,0.0000019503116,0.00079939363,0.00083374,0.9519523,0.012976674,0.030020773,0.000085849235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017027598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022904803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15043953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013032339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060970037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26166725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412534698","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134432","title":"Constant flux membrane system operation with gravity-driven filtration and backwash using a commercial-scale microfiltration membrane module","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"PricewaterhouseCoopers (Canada)","funders":"Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Education, Ethiopia","keywords":"Microfiltration; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Flux (metallurgy); Scale (ratio); Constant (computer programming); Cross-flow filtration; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Process engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.011627273709418715,"score_gpt":0.2580835704371417,"score_spread":0.24645629672772298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412534698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9207745,0.00015689549,0.06855348,0.0033329967,0.0001198613,0.001325104,0.00002281334,0.00062637037,0.0050879805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851071,0.000094744064,0.0136600565,0.0001663152,0.00001488144,0.00013973191,0.00015773873,0.000016885095,0.00064254354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99819225,0.00012884563,0.00053014373,0.0006625067,0.00022822562,0.00025801535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906445,0.00004875874,0.00026164207,0.0004866051,0.00007885632,0.000059684196],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031218064,0.0002743127,0.00032435698,0.00039168808,0.00059703336,0.0001540345,0.00019719583,0.00039239865,0.00011042497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040611165,0.000260608,0.000025877727,0.00089319365,0.0006604065,0.00058247277,0.00008577723,0.0002332275,0.000051672254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000091471,0.0000768238,0.0094888965,0.000098018245,0.00002974741,0.0000017157844,0.00027051286,0.0021656298,0.93959117,0.041540295,0.00051180524,0.0061339173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015420867,0.00023149687,0.0076344563,0.00010774124,0.00012178437,0.0001308677,0.0017056428,0.10045441,0.8820134,0.0011826981,0.004328422,0.00054698903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000102929574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045166715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09828879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019031635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006004256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412592317","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-40294-4.00030-x","title":"Autoclave Leaching","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Sherritt (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Autoclave; Leaching (pedology); Environmental science; Materials science; Metallurgy; Soil science","score_opus":0.013540854924198426,"score_gpt":0.2409692975475028,"score_spread":0.22742844262330436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412592317","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000027757424,0.00015616183,0.000025338455,0.00014967495,0.00023466759,0.00045019088,0.000010674314,0.0003964328,0.9985491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005356374,0.000037974653,0.0011506729,0.00048511513,0.000047374593,0.000030131332,0.000011779856,0.000036627265,0.9976647],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852085,0.00001644645,0.00034334825,0.0005248221,0.00034515315,0.00024935039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989821,0.000051256302,0.00017607647,0.0007287746,0.0000067357855,0.000055111206],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018392674,0.00034188072,0.00034209125,0.000101233774,0.00014822118,0.000041080166,0.00054369064,0.00041054402,0.0047006984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039289494,0.00032660496,0.00015399531,0.000015379477,0.00027663357,0.00005327572,0.0005692149,0.00060373574,0.0032994943],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025300385,0.000002144099,0.0000079341335,0.000019746847,0.000020439113,0.000011892346,0.000061336636,0.00000983093,0.00014217824,0.01260607,0.0042020017,0.9829139],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007793834,0.00002033113,0.000014718736,0.00011210481,0.000034456763,0.000004491659,0.000004116875,0.000036013003,0.00048386218,0.028201627,0.9707026,0.000307724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017376547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049323615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9826062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024889794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003312206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412776279","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119261","title":"Comprehensive technologies for heavy metal remediation: Adsorption, membrane processes, photocatalysis, and AI-driven design","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Photocatalysis; Adsorption; Heavy metals; Waste management; Metal; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Contamination; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.021345681901751526,"score_gpt":0.2763713989453111,"score_spread":0.2550257170435596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412776279","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17165159,0.0011898855,0.8080218,0.011169603,0.00027291683,0.004458488,0.000034164434,0.0020487972,0.0011527856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97621083,0.00031278806,0.022162016,0.00022281139,0.0000102461345,0.00059275766,0.00010396859,0.000010997034,0.00037356396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891216,0.00004324729,0.0002745587,0.0003899846,0.0002066677,0.00017338482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927044,0.00021739908,0.00012972378,0.00024897858,0.00011418823,0.000019251944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021811074,0.0001535127,0.0001875617,0.00018342977,0.00017213661,0.00005474363,0.0002179056,0.0001712495,0.00003652787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061210105,0.00014715617,0.000031632255,0.00080794265,0.0002477736,0.00041277884,0.00011265253,0.00009888531,0.000031219373],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048778695,0.0004327666,0.0060653645,0.0011022139,0.00025815665,0.000003874398,0.00094117335,0.032433152,0.82110184,0.019983731,0.019807678,0.097382285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069439085,0.00012003817,0.001576953,0.000028223521,0.0000736564,0.000003944016,0.00041646723,0.029081471,0.93475443,0.014862968,0.018153252,0.00023420416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016347365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003940569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8045593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113852686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003449381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60008544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412832550","doi":"10.1002/9781394300105.ch12","title":"Modeling and Simulation of Water Desalination Systems Using <scp>TRNSYS</scp>","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"TRNSYS; Desalination; Environmental science; Computer science; Engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.024068757194780036,"score_gpt":0.26597735964663116,"score_spread":0.24190860245185114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412832550","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03640507,0.00020317385,0.33012477,0.000009423265,0.0001728174,0.0005637685,0.000008879462,0.0003354147,0.6321767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7358029,0.00003889598,0.0025927913,0.000009327844,0.000017395314,0.0000055768164,0.000015364425,0.0000544556,0.26146328],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992095,0.000028542378,0.00022003805,0.00023341362,0.00019123674,0.000117273565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996625,0.000033599616,0.00008430898,0.00019434799,0.000009591874,0.000015631898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001370581,0.00012976139,0.00018105679,0.00015503944,0.000031210086,0.000023219027,0.00010264951,0.00025024338,0.0003743141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005736878,0.000098218916,0.000020518228,0.000087770306,0.00005632376,0.00008129438,0.00012716779,0.000059620575,0.0000421477],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[3.4607302e-7,0.000006548213,0.000109701774,0.000090166934,0.000009263814,2.0188453e-7,0.000050544542,0.99387026,0.004326798,0.00021263721,0.0010555617,0.00026797666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007784062,0.0000069883617,0.000005010093,0.00008043595,0.000018111106,4.3344212e-7,0.00011272751,0.9903155,0.004962657,0.0001823127,0.0041938596,0.00004409904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014546058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000065889486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6993978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057199537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005547602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4098477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412832580","doi":"10.1002/9781394300105.ch11","title":"Pressure‐Retarded Osmosis for Blue Energy Generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure-retarded osmosis; Osmotic power; Osmosis; Forward osmosis; Environmental science; Process engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.014579353244329355,"score_gpt":0.23691766914009854,"score_spread":0.2223383158957692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412832580","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000005453512,0.0002711541,0.10435631,0.00029655392,0.00026161582,0.0003606759,0.000048581616,0.0005714043,0.8938283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00049623934,0.00017419216,0.010624068,0.00038920593,0.00008999327,0.00018580284,0.00010434516,0.00008300344,0.98785317],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916244,0.000018241934,0.0001423899,0.0003749972,0.00015232305,0.0001496221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994808,0.000018683362,0.00008793263,0.00038633004,0.0000043395426,0.000021953183],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053628934,0.00017050453,0.00017453391,0.00007768969,0.000045255325,0.000025335381,0.00027055762,0.00032915777,0.041347615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004230563,0.00014972914,0.00006266101,0.00010243179,0.000067013934,0.000035042776,0.000113346956,0.000046328114,0.0002629827],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016639726,0.000011918794,0.000008022188,0.000012888826,0.000031282412,1.2407952e-7,0.000003890547,0.00029322098,0.0023935547,0.0042083017,0.9791716,0.013863567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011226437,0.000017400236,0.0000038311136,0.00000752613,0.000036893805,1.4867409e-7,0.000003776735,0.0033365,0.03300669,0.00028598562,0.9630272,0.00016177622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010781707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021290663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094024904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032065458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012874509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95952874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412856692","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119272","title":"Enhancing the antifouling properties and permeability of polyamide TFC RO membranes via Ag3PO4 nanoparticle incorporation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Polyamide; Biofouling; Membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism); Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.017857922082952313,"score_gpt":0.2379654252542875,"score_spread":0.22010750317133518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412856692","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911182,0.00011642546,0.0066450927,0.0011858352,0.00005772782,0.00027047805,7.1696076e-7,0.00007721677,0.00052830996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989419,0.000018756067,0.0008094916,0.00006366323,0.0000055885703,0.000018013865,0.0000027749013,0.0000040849372,0.00013570294],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992101,0.000080618476,0.00026485408,0.000180365,0.0001679542,0.00009611076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995839,0.00006288997,0.00011406743,0.00020044565,0.000026454143,0.000012269298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057514926,0.00007481063,0.00009462737,0.000043372427,0.0001828967,0.00003185336,0.00012042173,0.00005483995,0.000036215504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031580954,0.00005360775,0.000018646591,0.00029612472,0.00027140675,0.00030582285,0.00010160479,0.00006160656,0.000011265509],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000140727025,0.000024818211,0.010255822,0.00004553837,0.000003908291,1.2812662e-7,0.0005314135,0.0010640741,0.97243834,0.0008004391,0.000009747288,0.01481172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010514368,0.000021418491,0.03933916,0.000019106647,0.000010333479,0.0000010671183,0.00032633106,0.013039284,0.9432876,0.0036829135,0.00011180571,0.00005582659],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020816125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030950631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02915071,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055361514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010983155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21860605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412862722","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108237","title":"Steam activation of camelina meal biochar to remediate PFOA-contaminated wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomass and Bioenergy","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Red Cross; BioFuelNet Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Camelina; Camelina sativa; Wastewater; Environmental science; Contamination; Meal; Waste management; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Food science; Pulp and paper industry; Agronomy; Biology; Environmental engineering; Pyrolysis; Ecology; Crop","score_opus":0.00858208571394684,"score_gpt":0.2291892717661947,"score_spread":0.22060718605224786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412862722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967611,0.00004164208,0.0002005744,0.001175387,0.00008915787,0.00011400925,0.000005899769,0.00005686972,0.0015553994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998038,0.000034002966,0.0003987896,0.00012046736,0.000008691401,0.000013901161,0.000010403398,0.0000043530367,0.0013714059],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992943,0.000022782222,0.00018635632,0.00022867003,0.00012502128,0.00014288309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969697,0.00001593014,0.000058382888,0.000179244,0.000012138493,0.000037304893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102611426,0.000096639225,0.0001225421,0.00011514312,0.000051507614,0.000012221505,0.00013201022,0.00009124921,0.00013000418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003425158,0.00007519053,0.000021196836,0.0003654868,0.00011241147,0.00007832654,0.00017203383,0.000028435286,0.000028015622],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002767738,0.000023152525,0.0017825258,0.00001171282,0.000008697225,6.5073095e-7,0.000049064263,0.000016387368,0.9810851,0.0003803628,0.0012354923,0.015379156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019514929,0.000095593736,0.011260436,0.000017594968,0.000005424002,4.4497006e-7,0.00012223003,0.00009448952,0.97702545,0.00015305326,0.01094443,0.000085690146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008655538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016309196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015293466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044819022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007063563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3066181},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412880649","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124512","title":"Lignin depolymerization: A sustainable strategy to enhance the separation performance of biopolymeric polyester membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta","keywords":"Depolymerization; Membrane; Lignin; Polyester; Chemical engineering; Polymer science; Chemistry; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.006342667628445136,"score_gpt":0.28659722992081604,"score_spread":0.2802545622923709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412880649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799856,0.00028252887,0.0011179822,0.0020463406,0.00024086375,0.00030649576,8.0952424e-7,0.000025145187,0.015994228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955933,0.0001460382,0.00068123464,0.00038673438,0.00002670984,0.000009918004,2.7216976e-7,0.0000065619515,0.003149234],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976268,0.000069411384,0.000718937,0.0002852589,0.00089743896,0.00040219002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986664,0.0001076737,0.00053079263,0.0004541497,0.00012536236,0.00011560053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012339262,0.00016873493,0.00027326716,0.0003897878,0.00040169075,0.00011351267,0.0013711883,0.00006188484,0.00017358438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004511681,0.00011448816,0.000070998656,0.003870239,0.0010715682,0.001332295,0.00027448862,0.0001888482,0.00003039802],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006602339,0.00004891852,0.0010837322,0.00006038934,0.000008029132,0.0000038679013,0.0003027023,0.014134136,0.974105,0.000493305,0.00021666173,0.009477228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014139323,0.0003738293,0.0033981334,0.000053971366,0.000017876184,0.00003556773,0.00093805225,0.0012712625,0.9926875,0.00006723849,0.0008971054,0.00011803798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004692719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009243528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018582525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010311426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000378883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46686918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412980528","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134577","title":"Innovative crosslinking strategies for integrally skinned asymmetric membranes in organic solvent nanofiltration: A review of recent advances","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BP (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Integrally closed; Membrane; Organic solvent; Polymer science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.03177929414399867,"score_gpt":0.35874150446717185,"score_spread":0.3269622103231732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412980528","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009326753,0.9847055,0.007344156,0.0009109459,0.00014543934,0.0031004844,0.000035222256,0.00019335697,0.003555537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00010719644,0.9946023,0.003070181,0.00011988474,0.000012968001,0.0014231352,0.00038568128,0.000021499956,0.00025713598],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969644,0.00014756485,0.0016126155,0.000747069,0.00025325,0.00027512142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997581,0.00028792492,0.0012973704,0.0005815623,0.00022624375,0.000025893483],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076450355,0.00042068737,0.001336519,0.0017865673,0.00013346215,0.00005221248,0.00056050194,0.00066045334,0.0004022557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010618321,0.00037243823,0.00011305997,0.009560049,0.00040865905,0.0004331552,0.00013361307,0.00036407445,0.000023073473],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009535351,0.0000712696,0.000012350771,0.03396132,0.000025765972,4.712242e-7,0.000047233316,0.0000060371367,0.00012641007,0.019492367,0.00052090205,0.94572634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002449809,0.00013445628,0.0000073270526,0.012086081,0.000098797056,0.000009773256,0.00022275165,0.00002763415,0.0012548389,0.0071948958,0.97838,0.00033842886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055181044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009761217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97785914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018269519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034971174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412983977","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5380627","title":"A Joule-Heated Ptfe-Cnt Composite Membrane Fabricated by Solution Blow Spinning for Enhanced Ammonia Recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Spinning; Composite number; Joule (programming language); Ammonia; Materials science; Membrane; Joule heating; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00934830905295918,"score_gpt":0.2528844087447242,"score_spread":0.24353609969176498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412983977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.643944,0.0035642586,0.3433803,0.0032096836,0.00096278,0.0019407284,0.00012014741,0.0006502773,0.002227831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9754286,0.009685232,0.0047385604,0.00025657742,0.00013444714,0.00023817347,0.00034332508,0.00007095152,0.009104134],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99455494,0.00019157995,0.00094987516,0.00093051925,0.00058045535,0.0027926355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99817425,0.00011772123,0.0008835946,0.0006232175,0.00007961419,0.00012161437],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017848483,0.00058931945,0.00070106366,0.00027979419,0.0005883759,0.00020189479,0.0012187765,0.0007114266,0.00024619518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021256761,0.00059184403,0.00037395343,0.00050981884,0.00019360427,0.00030085855,0.00070598244,0.0042773285,0.00009752875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064034614,0.00026858525,0.00023593043,0.00012168843,0.00066594477,0.0000032705786,0.00015245707,0.019399151,0.88633364,0.00071268313,0.00657035,0.08489596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037617737,0.0012232587,0.00043649774,0.00060674635,0.0005308787,0.00020781292,0.00036603532,0.019555375,0.83158684,0.12981558,0.009873218,0.0020359936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053082575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007251833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33864173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004736667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009829385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413001227","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124515","title":"Oxidation-controlled nanoporous graphene laminate membranes via intercalation chemistry for desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea","keywords":"Membrane; Intercalation (chemistry); Desalination; Graphene; Nanoporous; Chemical engineering; Water desalination; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Inorganic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.0069160417205584995,"score_gpt":0.26043820629646397,"score_spread":0.2535221645759055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413001227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95393425,0.00010783145,0.03848324,0.0017554135,0.00054154167,0.000499554,0.0000016145578,0.000059176902,0.0046173986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99227446,0.000068117166,0.006290346,0.00012707883,0.000035600147,0.000025467647,0.0000021780759,0.000007714833,0.0011690471],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99788094,0.000042629214,0.0007784741,0.00030680632,0.00070464745,0.0002865026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984573,0.00024183583,0.0006963368,0.00027759164,0.00024944855,0.000077478806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025304465,0.00016851815,0.0003553009,0.00030444158,0.00031384613,0.000108640736,0.000850107,0.00010364639,0.00026195592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015177213,0.0001372739,0.00015503158,0.0012565167,0.0006357315,0.0011087542,0.0001106228,0.0001630524,0.000014691752],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021349252,0.00006906056,0.00031187976,0.000057825786,0.000015262398,0.0000018094944,0.00009495607,0.0030086662,0.9873289,0.00032341687,0.00015580734,0.00841894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025315613,0.00008880846,0.0019677652,0.00005253222,0.00004890859,0.000032976615,0.00013004239,0.012723381,0.9768835,0.0042675477,0.0011273661,0.00014562317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001038266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000080653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03834022,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025611752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012486285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55978674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413038973","doi":"10.3389/frmst.2025.1647886","title":"Correction: Modeling pore wetting in direct contact membrane distillation—effect of interfacial capillary pressure","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Membrane Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Wetting; Capillary pressure; Contact angle; Capillary action; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Composite material; Engineering; Porous medium","score_opus":0.0041733465926184245,"score_gpt":0.23194508276124723,"score_spread":0.2277717361686288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413038973","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816098,0.0006857086,0.0015406535,0.0008295412,0.001216434,0.00056882907,0.0000029267462,0.00019465442,0.013351422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985267,0.00017694761,0.00092925684,0.0000291028,0.000006465859,0.00004097498,0.0000022551008,0.000007664054,0.0002806279],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980016,0.00006869145,0.00048262707,0.00066475186,0.0003622227,0.00042012217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931604,0.00008548561,0.0001336836,0.00039139154,0.000037949445,0.00003545022],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013100004,0.00021088307,0.00048921374,0.0013027254,0.00018058586,0.000030081392,0.0006272155,0.0002743157,0.00003487358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013789488,0.00019310364,0.000029729583,0.003907791,0.0013494245,0.00043568682,0.00040523324,0.00039628893,0.000002735797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026930543,0.000095528034,0.65286964,0.00023961955,0.000034124212,0.000031636693,0.00056479685,0.0420536,0.19155513,0.0011269124,0.0014621282,0.10969761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010911819,0.00021874126,0.0036687844,0.00023605594,0.0000293004,0.000017638633,0.0010061308,0.45934042,0.53141534,0.0013460082,0.0013157321,0.00031466087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023265528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018129255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64920086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019814409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073651056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78745383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413063801","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c00242","title":"Ultrahigh Efficiency Hybrid Biomass-Inorganic Coagulation Strategy for Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Coagulation; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Water treatment; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Agronomy; Biology; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.017003191450777545,"score_gpt":0.25750837368224677,"score_spread":0.24050518223146922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413063801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99329317,0.000015197642,0.0023011635,0.0013032616,0.00017155829,0.0006005059,0.000010654923,0.00021077479,0.0020937005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928768,0.000008701349,0.00017643288,0.00013109078,0.000017864155,0.000101438454,0.000119030825,0.000013314017,0.0065552797],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987792,0.000026285124,0.00025150727,0.00039447515,0.0001461351,0.0004024288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995243,0.00003214603,0.000027521957,0.0003715551,0.000011840139,0.00003264921],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013369446,0.00018721179,0.00015808584,0.00007381459,0.00019379598,0.000060323524,0.00023763032,0.00008522471,0.0010112562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012057703,0.0001056832,0.0000596767,0.00009674232,0.00012768709,0.00024412716,0.000091783884,0.000043426426,0.001132177],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024237097,0.00010175654,0.0012630721,0.000011999008,0.000020361962,0.0000026670903,0.00019425698,0.0014157436,0.99250966,0.00033773977,0.0011129995,0.0030054795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005339133,0.00018410652,0.0011540534,0.0000035072576,0.000026380429,0.0000029396074,0.000040357274,0.0005120779,0.98187387,0.0024178554,0.01309546,0.00015545296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001191246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003754494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0119824605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020511138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000081535545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413096311","doi":"10.1109/iccsp64183.2025.11088765","title":"Integrated Spray Coating for Rapid Production of Thin-Film Composite Membranes with Improved Desalination Efficiency","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Pan Am Clinic","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Materials science; Membrane; Coating; Composite number; Thin-film composite membrane; Composite material; Process engineering; Engineering; Reverse osmosis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.010143857917557444,"score_gpt":0.24158631285726712,"score_spread":0.23144245493970966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413096311","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93139434,0.0000284786,0.057523314,0.00080550165,0.00015471756,0.0010477887,0.0000027618348,0.0002782857,0.0087648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9705064,0.000006535788,0.026958989,0.000053039916,0.0000053131876,0.00006322663,0.000017428029,0.000006903251,0.0023821301],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911237,0.00003144631,0.00026941224,0.00029341885,0.00015008601,0.00014325869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994681,0.000080863014,0.00015109427,0.00022773509,0.00005752619,0.000014668166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003465843,0.000116059564,0.00014930373,0.00009273569,0.00013009679,0.000021076685,0.00018294337,0.00006533963,0.00011945198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002481871,0.000083131985,0.000029439074,0.000594155,0.00019962118,0.0002188128,0.000050120485,0.000072772265,0.0000073301962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008631749,0.00007728888,0.0012877526,0.00006751303,0.00001105967,8.831271e-8,0.00013816911,0.009373008,0.9807301,0.00093587756,0.0003013953,0.0069914395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034827527,0.00015375008,0.0014037311,0.000029620962,0.000017143959,0.0000012056112,0.00043598507,0.05318844,0.94361824,0.00022558568,0.00048300027,0.00009503154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011546889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013940988,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04381543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007028379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021524183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3390024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413109994","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119293","title":"Enhancing energy efficiency and water recovery in two-stage seawater reverse osmosis through advanced brine treatment technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec; Concordia University","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Seawater; Osmotic power; Environmental science; Water treatment; Reverse osmosis plant; Stage (stratigraphy); Waste management; Environmental engineering; Forward osmosis; Engineering; Chemistry; Membrane; Geology; Oceanography","score_opus":0.008670021011451721,"score_gpt":0.26228791642308485,"score_spread":0.25361789541163315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413109994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98430854,0.00009570517,0.009033507,0.0016456824,0.00008612495,0.00022935953,0.0000021498106,0.0003170235,0.0042819213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920388,0.0003854336,0.0035252348,0.0001367444,0.0000026381974,0.00008944529,0.000016879801,0.0000071016198,0.0037977616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904674,0.00003627385,0.00023068847,0.00035048844,0.000117337484,0.00021847455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965715,0.00003963695,0.000046544006,0.00023858572,0.000008693038,0.000009364529],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014719625,0.00013779472,0.0001434891,0.0001341576,0.00008824231,0.000028567032,0.00011910763,0.00008272513,0.00009208485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006879149,0.00010292034,0.000024219551,0.00031654863,0.00012095229,0.0004113441,0.00015932438,0.000058939466,0.000032877582],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081406964,0.00022187391,0.008947698,0.00003918156,0.000018841987,0.000018898243,0.00087490334,0.014816981,0.7896741,0.0052603623,0.00020264568,0.1798431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006022538,0.00008139611,0.0010261011,0.000021019547,0.000006806924,0.0000011982041,0.00034587947,0.0011140004,0.98048407,0.004338044,0.011849845,0.0001294107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009788356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001733666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19080994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037322458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060479438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.419697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413161314","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.134752","title":"Spray-coating technique in the fabrication and modification of membranes: a review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi; Kharazmi University","keywords":"Fabrication; Coating; Membrane; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Medicine","score_opus":0.017772145980544444,"score_gpt":0.30718972199266953,"score_spread":0.2894175760121251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413161314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7132967,0.026990965,0.10238186,0.10514837,0.00014448806,0.009655617,0.000013459217,0.0008982683,0.041470237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907469,0.00563507,0.0024240478,0.0004320891,0.000002885343,0.00059747795,0.000016710796,0.0000041277945,0.00014069589],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988936,0.00011059324,0.00045065317,0.00030312632,0.00013283665,0.00010919991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918735,0.00008803982,0.00023756268,0.00043852942,0.00003767198,0.00001084981],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00077560556,0.00010821708,0.00017202825,0.00027481478,0.00010292592,0.000016458123,0.00025340784,0.00017170352,0.00004041628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004170929,0.000088637564,0.000016222144,0.0013925775,0.00033692375,0.00017303949,0.000058909074,0.000158726,0.000011953268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027097229,0.00019873881,0.022288732,0.001050385,0.000014483367,6.572905e-7,0.00091791095,0.00009398664,0.58172596,0.23316015,0.0032870066,0.1572349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009738973,0.00020963376,0.08435554,0.00089230936,0.00010549084,0.000057013352,0.0026950815,0.004934922,0.7493633,0.083210394,0.07259519,0.0006072208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033613524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033129236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27745017,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003547773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001518702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36145347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413262007","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5383469","title":"Chlorine Production from Brine Using a Novel Superhydrophobic Ptfe-Pi-Tio₂ Photocatalytic Membrane Contactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Contactor; Photocatalysis; Brine; Membrane; Chlorine; Chemical engineering; Contact angle; Materials science; Pi; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis; Physics","score_opus":0.019715704726522724,"score_gpt":0.2590990640100669,"score_spread":0.23938335928354415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413262007","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98640066,0.0010095136,0.0075748055,0.00089086086,0.0016732762,0.0010952003,0.00006275468,0.00027769723,0.0010152224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98828137,0.003583848,0.0012880715,0.00008461341,0.00057452504,0.000057498208,0.00011314569,0.00005879738,0.0059581236],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99490154,0.0000880367,0.0008784611,0.0011399174,0.0007815945,0.00221044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99810153,0.000059344922,0.0006253541,0.0010283281,0.00005819202,0.00012722868],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012140244,0.0006347122,0.00071436854,0.00029380014,0.00034826933,0.00016322437,0.0011985971,0.0004891721,0.0012709203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000285095,0.00061765884,0.00028983172,0.00051100913,0.00024932527,0.00041411683,0.0011506196,0.0052150222,0.00017994642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036659342,0.0005098109,0.002206408,0.000116221156,0.0007959778,0.000016285278,0.00037386618,0.039604984,0.9491924,0.0014976007,0.00022749293,0.00509235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004625379,0.00066962757,0.0023365433,0.000940251,0.0012212461,0.0016845261,0.0017314368,0.024855902,0.8067824,0.14254512,0.009230831,0.0033767193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005101042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043914765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0057578715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016893398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413376968","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c02721","title":"Comparative Evaluation of Polyester and Polyether Polyurethane Foams for <i>Escherichia coli</i> Adsorption in Water Disinfection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polyurethane; Polyester; Adsorption; Escherichia coli; Water disinfection; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Composite material; Waste management; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.027181858277224785,"score_gpt":0.3049185097650304,"score_spread":0.2777366514878056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413376968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99469614,0.00008134891,0.00087172305,0.0006589395,0.000087346496,0.0006900918,0.0000030798183,0.00003060241,0.0028807311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908763,0.000012085579,0.00028317046,0.00012952677,0.0000061499163,0.00011359541,0.000013168172,0.0000049905616,0.0003496546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991819,0.000081588085,0.00020513116,0.00020442321,0.000185949,0.00014099314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996995,0.00005335502,0.000059005575,0.00015078577,0.000022642735,0.0000147462615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005312588,0.00009382061,0.00015468373,0.000088727866,0.000031694002,0.00001530715,0.000075199925,0.0000914501,0.00005374856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044271932,0.00007457831,0.000021315585,0.00022443106,0.00013370637,0.00022930624,0.000060359886,0.00006531064,0.000015208681],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000880393,0.000068387584,0.017151259,0.000016988002,0.000011649912,4.7864624e-8,0.00079616474,0.00055690017,0.9761443,0.0003347752,0.0003312451,0.0045002485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001070156,0.00009410636,0.08672459,0.000020618645,0.000034726647,4.6733032e-7,0.00021353841,0.0036462354,0.9019984,0.0052950727,0.0007960891,0.00010597877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018768007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041218946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.074145876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101050995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009919984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30412152},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413383391","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70069","title":"Comparison between the performances of <scp>PmPD</scp> ‐ <scp>PVA</scp> membrane synthesized by ammonium persulphate with ferric chloride oxidants used for Congo red dye removal","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ferric; Ammonium chloride; Chemistry; Chloride; Ammonium; Biochemistry; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.012499177891998534,"score_gpt":0.2265567124626429,"score_spread":0.21405753457064436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413383391","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971192,0.00031733725,0.0008033788,0.0008013785,0.00012011713,0.00030712364,0.000020012196,0.000034522636,0.00047694845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987771,0.000014114029,0.00072268856,0.000047224254,0.000053436095,0.000014871891,0.0000040535006,0.000024260788,0.0003422467],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983564,0.000028794217,0.0005712671,0.00018486213,0.00036340026,0.0004952715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979018,0.0011718338,0.00034164722,0.000313978,0.000048182745,0.00022255036],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006228889,0.00023901553,0.0005016486,0.00013135045,0.00017404609,0.00008286649,0.0009825364,0.0001376492,0.000013639582],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011177383,0.00015206568,0.0001217922,0.00048184866,0.0003812628,0.00024283564,0.00005097224,0.00047690523,0.0000032735113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005279156,0.000025206444,0.0061877,0.0001520232,0.0003618643,0.000016266913,0.0014294428,0.03755845,0.9464797,0.00017007388,0.0068711923,0.0006953013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065293466,0.0000781209,0.0012336286,0.00012130874,0.000113353126,0.00003699536,0.00035790275,0.00865835,0.9812167,0.000047588484,0.007424488,0.000058580838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005345777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022725992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03473706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029637793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013726832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6201058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413472755","doi":"10.1002/adsu.202500527","title":"Electro‐Conductive Silver‐Coated Polyamide‐Imide Membranes for Sustainable Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Sustainable Systems","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Polyamide; Membrane; Imide; Electrical conductor; Materials science; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007306316787144527,"score_gpt":0.251879951120243,"score_spread":0.24457363433309845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413472755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89033663,0.004678497,0.0096112145,0.0025025844,0.0006420771,0.013243217,0.000018786852,0.0018851856,0.07708179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.696363,0.000110202505,0.00028335687,0.00009760209,0.00002097275,0.0017780808,0.00004235142,0.000035834833,0.30126867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963641,0.00011751344,0.0005551508,0.00085697416,0.0002728626,0.0018333595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985933,0.00017343262,0.0001511005,0.0007754195,0.00020393869,0.000102811435],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047787116,0.00045649498,0.0005700706,0.00027628086,0.00079185725,0.00016977213,0.0004679507,0.00022035785,0.00016535529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029801208,0.00034522676,0.00015005306,0.0007638401,0.000237192,0.0014985441,0.00027544028,0.00014121283,0.00010533652],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012459948,0.00062366703,0.0012250633,0.0034091428,0.0005358164,0.00036902874,0.0019105773,0.19017841,0.5816538,0.20440091,0.011972151,0.0024754358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001529478,0.00040358515,0.000030257428,0.0000212983,0.000056376106,0.000008961035,0.030715704,0.0011473065,0.56877047,0.00718072,0.3897435,0.00039233806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027717235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039757804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37777138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026235203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117869604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413914019","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124638","title":"Triglycidyl isocyanurate crosslinked polybenzimidazole membranes for solvent-resistant and extreme pH nanofiltration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Solvent; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.021802785883033995,"score_gpt":0.27964477267359195,"score_spread":0.257841986790558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413914019","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98999673,0.00047203794,0.0031219665,0.0023807678,0.00075644173,0.00044624004,0.000008524046,0.000053507338,0.0027637843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933347,0.0001953287,0.0051801587,0.0002758415,0.000041222,0.0000118055705,8.914328e-7,0.0000092074515,0.0009508158],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99762064,0.00004752412,0.00081314176,0.00039705136,0.00071450224,0.00040712993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986239,0.00020059489,0.0005882884,0.00031688513,0.00013175707,0.0001385507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022552505,0.0002042196,0.000340492,0.00035426463,0.0005921174,0.00015447989,0.00081710337,0.000102243044,0.00014103386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008180151,0.00016363856,0.00011403822,0.0010965012,0.0013150601,0.0013197146,0.00015809572,0.00018782676,0.000012897513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022697702,0.000056977733,0.00042857573,0.00005259752,0.000010987615,0.0000045703846,0.00017051946,0.0012076275,0.9934355,0.0021119516,0.00035171528,0.0019419728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013467361,0.00022280942,0.002944879,0.00007327747,0.000041587075,0.000048872673,0.00053789007,0.0049553807,0.9814634,0.0043546087,0.0038062306,0.00020433142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002010989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005211016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01197213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017640238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021953511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6672986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414036898","doi":"10.1039/d5ew00018a","title":"Membrane fouling mechanism of chlorine-resistant bacteria (CRB) in a seawater desalination reverse osmosis (SWRO) system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Seawater; Reverse osmosis; Bacteria; Biofilm; Membrane; Membrane fouling","score_opus":0.01989151701671732,"score_gpt":0.2897465344667928,"score_spread":0.2698550174500755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414036898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99392945,0.000022339364,0.00033047286,0.0016152196,0.00013789728,0.00088638027,0.000007260516,0.00020260918,0.0028683627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997025,0.000056714463,0.0018514215,0.000026548581,0.0000063538446,0.00021746186,0.000008063578,0.000017660386,0.0007907739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99573934,0.00016711553,0.00065369974,0.0010180942,0.0012518232,0.0011699444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879336,0.000047658566,0.00010179577,0.0009438021,0.000019599483,0.00009379452],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033954822,0.00025587587,0.0003604629,0.0016260506,0.00045651576,0.000062550585,0.001721235,0.0003008649,0.0006868746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016144569,0.00020292365,0.000058925234,0.0024627019,0.00378349,0.00063381874,0.002407794,0.0005594839,0.00048490343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006025974,0.00012404603,0.0041465317,0.000046317695,0.000006850246,0.000031530515,0.00024408901,0.00020490545,0.9877322,0.0056070467,0.000023431656,0.0017728343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047984242,0.00016855866,0.003421026,0.00008575916,0.000006226361,0.000012245222,0.0019814936,0.0015704143,0.9876605,0.0032994063,0.0011153872,0.00019910652],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006462314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014013215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033269743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021267852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042385593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414090829","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124659","title":"Is there any pressure gradient across RO membranes?: Examination of the experimental data on water volume fraction profile presented by Sujanani et al.","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Constant (computer programming); Volume (thermodynamics); Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Flow (mathematics); Volume fraction; Osmotic pressure; Concentration gradient","score_opus":0.020710734751229334,"score_gpt":0.31311454269129874,"score_spread":0.2924038079400694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414090829","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881733,0.00029289536,0.00012053159,0.007920057,0.0004889345,0.00042012762,0.00005854864,0.00002650633,0.0024990977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962238,0.00011296042,0.00026749345,0.0012324456,0.000009119505,0.0000077245995,0.0000055306746,0.000009480532,0.002131427],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970604,0.00018367691,0.0005570548,0.00047995333,0.0013541989,0.00036468264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982505,0.00006856525,0.00050318683,0.0010144243,0.00009256687,0.00007077293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025467342,0.00018709671,0.00024963546,0.000115697905,0.0003797614,0.000115478935,0.0024102626,0.000083105115,0.00073003536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003146294,0.000109823726,0.000079322825,0.0007882326,0.0009782644,0.0016825622,0.00090888207,0.00036314176,0.000033906563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005833945,0.00029106633,0.0016858203,0.000031438092,0.000022443162,0.0000017041563,0.0009881353,0.0011814854,0.9576576,0.000028106564,0.037307676,0.00074619986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045266325,0.00015036116,0.018250713,0.00008712515,0.000019198218,0.000015715736,0.0010659024,0.0071145403,0.92648107,0.000030796804,0.046217382,0.00011450575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001131274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015170357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031176493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016467094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006676077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79933757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414295600","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c13451","title":"Leveraging Liquid–Liquid Interfaces in a 3D-Printable Reactor to Form Sub-Micron Freestanding Membrane Selective Layers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polydimethylsiloxane; Membrane; Fabrication; Polysulfone; Polyamide; Polymer; Interfacial polymerization; Permeance; Desalination","score_opus":0.011661866709219244,"score_gpt":0.24948302486214866,"score_spread":0.23782115815292942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414295600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861413,0.00003546079,0.00022243029,0.0005265232,0.00038429527,0.0009792818,0.000019074243,0.0003317973,0.011359831],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980966,0.00006923452,0.00081044855,0.0003124052,0.000020578787,0.00028622258,0.000009225734,0.000036005495,0.0003593002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975365,0.00006162393,0.0006776325,0.0008060208,0.00026504952,0.00065320154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991246,0.000113597016,0.00019777722,0.000487,0.000018017254,0.000059046488],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066749094,0.0003993324,0.0005359363,0.0003003544,0.00013729928,0.00021475814,0.00079347036,0.00020754676,0.0009388717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011275669,0.00038497333,0.000017379973,0.00061512005,0.00016699736,0.00040180565,0.0010582786,0.00023350942,0.0005378488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010280681,0.000052623214,0.00010825688,0.000055971628,0.000030848605,0.0000029821224,0.0019488315,0.00072747027,0.9943774,0.00031133177,0.0007712854,0.00058496627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043386844,0.00021035355,0.00019808068,0.00014786066,0.000015809175,0.0000027875221,0.0014840653,0.0000036195538,0.9960843,0.00039263724,0.00065331545,0.000373302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00083804125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007244866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011955273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007890309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031955642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414300882","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70058","title":"Addressing emerging contaminant: The role of nano‐filtration in removing methylparaben from wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Methylparaben; Paraben; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products","score_opus":0.00977387136643285,"score_gpt":0.2137196018699663,"score_spread":0.20394573050353346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414300882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997668,0.00061827,0.00022706104,0.0007507578,0.000083138664,0.000055704466,0.0000012781603,0.0000056729623,0.0005900885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993031,0.0000025045347,0.0006233292,0.000030857427,0.000018190534,0.0000015462717,5.504018e-7,0.0000050918998,0.000014854908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993303,0.000022631717,0.00029666934,0.00006718161,0.00012474185,0.00015846908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999576,0.00012337911,0.000100968435,0.00014321772,0.000010462484,0.00004598224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034856814,0.00007171479,0.00013200636,0.00007801679,0.000049833547,0.000026638842,0.00036946297,0.00005496686,0.00007651913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027494645,0.000046107743,0.000037735655,0.00022529985,0.00008616935,0.00011857789,0.00003244179,0.00024757136,0.0000018728089],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000037684401,0.0000016576951,0.0011378292,0.00000364302,0.000012200351,0.0000030779086,0.0005954196,0.023391448,0.97181123,0.00017786663,0.00002723017,0.002834652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000107844964,0.0000043102077,0.0012735163,0.00012265265,0.000014732773,0.000005799022,0.00014258329,0.012740389,0.98400354,0.0008908307,0.0006430015,0.00005076848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005451994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019967994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012192365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001869716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056204626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82418203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414553623","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c05592","title":"Dual-Nozzle Electrospinning for Janus Membranes in Membrane Distillation of Highly Saline and Oil-Contaminated Waters","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"Chulalongkorn University","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Electrospinning; Janus; Porosity; Fouling; Layer (electronics); Permeation; Superhydrophilicity","score_opus":0.0073732200075387715,"score_gpt":0.24305650538966272,"score_spread":0.23568328538212396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414553623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99697495,0.00014518075,0.00020497924,0.00092810445,0.00005786243,0.00021643288,0.00001012886,0.000077993885,0.0013843479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99756616,0.00014023263,0.0006196779,0.00008148559,0.000005694792,0.00004235608,0.0000340105,0.0000089269415,0.00150145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990519,0.00002507381,0.0003110377,0.00027016358,0.00012440397,0.00021736849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955904,0.0001234668,0.000094024785,0.00019156815,0.0000106626885,0.000021252503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023927794,0.00012471329,0.00021754252,0.0001430236,0.00006087002,0.00001829375,0.00012394457,0.00010075383,0.000011989685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016278618,0.000114367904,0.00002480264,0.00039005623,0.00014897867,0.00019582087,0.000088197834,0.00007636014,0.0000053506137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010608462,0.00004456934,0.019001052,0.00014450794,0.000016104332,0.0000024078104,0.00031635992,0.0009906021,0.966026,0.0008323763,0.00017013386,0.012349819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011093197,0.00009474837,0.041445598,0.000046783272,0.00002017287,0.0000023676569,0.00014510103,0.0029523342,0.94976556,0.0010314411,0.003215713,0.00017084008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017482795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001395839,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022444548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000071811504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009176472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46637878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414715939","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100583","title":"Use of polyamide nanofiltration membranes with varied active layer chemistry for treating pharmaceuticals of emerging concern from saline water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Emerging contaminants","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Taiwan Mouse Clinic; Pacific Salmon Foundation; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Polyamide; Membrane; Permeation; Pollutant; Saline water; Contact angle; Water treatment","score_opus":0.03673326793337042,"score_gpt":0.31246650122859887,"score_spread":0.2757332332952285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414715939","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934667,0.00004956079,0.0048993747,0.00031317226,0.00007112283,0.00038483896,0.000055681263,0.00006671753,0.00069283677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996312,0.000028100623,0.002349082,0.000047901438,0.000013628231,0.00004664902,0.000053391326,0.000015941947,0.0011332668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987182,0.00003290203,0.00043958944,0.00033760365,0.00021548448,0.0002562235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992018,0.00022719125,0.0002223382,0.00026979973,0.000048147605,0.00003074155],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015236023,0.00018385371,0.00033648877,0.000047644095,0.000105165505,0.000015645282,0.0001936165,0.000093259056,0.00059896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001368732,0.00013909122,0.000057003588,0.00018722624,0.00021808915,0.0003086545,0.00009790958,0.00008295075,0.0000043910195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030225186,0.00005443125,0.009864308,0.00009521642,0.00008759743,0.0000014867422,0.0008230531,0.0009007176,0.98075277,0.000033927587,0.00005438016,0.00702989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093692716,0.000040616535,0.003162713,0.00011731815,0.00009435418,6.5837116e-7,0.00058427895,0.006099173,0.9872998,0.00009307128,0.0014185836,0.00015250266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008252216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000086969594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068773874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000644587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020324143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6558192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414800580","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124784","title":"Heterocyclic compound-anchored nanofiltration membrane with engineered diffusion energy barrier for Cl−/SO42− separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Venture and Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees; Southwest University; Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Permeation; Interfacial polymerization; Polyamide; Selectivity; Diffusion; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.008257417418597106,"score_gpt":0.2561266033862019,"score_spread":0.2478691859676048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414800580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208529,0.000087228014,0.07292056,0.0012151819,0.000672791,0.00040882413,0.000006136852,0.00008292761,0.0037534442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890245,0.000093106675,0.009253987,0.00032661966,0.000060002083,0.000026020201,0.0000053677477,0.000013825058,0.0011965621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99734336,0.000060019152,0.0007201989,0.00043921682,0.0010134274,0.0004238014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985429,0.00017958229,0.0005225033,0.00042280718,0.0001760767,0.00015612322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009949856,0.0002511484,0.00038263216,0.00045989655,0.0004756241,0.00018280573,0.00091414305,0.00012272508,0.00017545362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034724214,0.00018988339,0.00011932528,0.0014158001,0.00072879845,0.0014472696,0.000115873176,0.00018951406,0.0000115902185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023050858,0.00007746527,0.00029351198,0.000024465518,0.000015780763,0.0000049306777,0.00013422628,0.011279456,0.9831259,0.0011724919,0.0006839753,0.0029572912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014361537,0.00040186755,0.0015271619,0.0000811195,0.000043690703,0.000084243526,0.0001428167,0.014910688,0.971444,0.00066108425,0.0090341,0.00023308831],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027502398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000081476646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.068171605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033024163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015671253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.774322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414823114","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100108","title":"Joule-heating membranes: Do they really work for membrane distillation processes?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Concentration polarization; Work (physics); Membrane; Scalability; Heat transfer; Mass transfer","score_opus":0.011987122044469507,"score_gpt":0.2679086284936596,"score_spread":0.2559215064491901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414823114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96832067,0.000119366,0.00811708,0.014142339,0.000918245,0.00071457867,0.0000050786875,0.0001185056,0.0075441105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985895,0.00010525506,0.011766096,0.0018061027,0.00012361619,0.000023955121,0.000002043579,0.000020812933,0.00025716634],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963082,0.00007798505,0.0010538988,0.0005645977,0.0013366815,0.00065864035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976602,0.0005615242,0.00090879755,0.00051105925,0.00019500198,0.00016337883],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031860615,0.000307562,0.00047745925,0.00057581253,0.0006407646,0.00033844385,0.0016497171,0.00012733207,0.00016532223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029161766,0.0002462047,0.0001749586,0.0027538126,0.0010001531,0.0016712411,0.00021070315,0.000395969,0.00003293572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003157774,0.00010388456,0.009098229,0.00037278858,0.00004221919,0.000016915028,0.0011115499,0.06315824,0.9129214,0.0006175018,0.002444364,0.00979713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039518042,0.00044654432,0.022051822,0.0012862947,0.00025826087,0.00021795636,0.0018012924,0.0026444958,0.94327253,0.0059364424,0.016859302,0.0012732565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002705012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026589441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.060513742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040950708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024011628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414845051","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119492","title":"Chlorine production from brine using a novel superhydrophobic PTFE-PI-TiO₂ photocatalytic membrane contactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Chlorine; Photocatalysis; Membrane; Wetting; Nanofiltration; Brine; Contact angle; Chloride","score_opus":0.02343958316614456,"score_gpt":0.26801125610658993,"score_spread":0.24457167294044538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414845051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882659,0.00003179275,0.007490927,0.0006791956,0.0005457946,0.0006410198,0.000014383086,0.0002919062,0.0020391245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99491924,0.000020105415,0.0030204973,0.00011818115,0.00006559997,0.00005132501,0.000116621035,0.000016407517,0.0016720262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998623,0.000027666127,0.00033232183,0.0004992149,0.00030707335,0.00021072532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993354,0.000047012058,0.00012106739,0.0004249698,0.000033871453,0.000037647475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022798275,0.00017946659,0.00018982908,0.00015126796,0.00015113362,0.00005131625,0.00022707426,0.00012332996,0.00090497796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028281834,0.00018333599,0.000048384696,0.00071207917,0.00013108242,0.0004994556,0.00013239036,0.00014566717,0.00022240178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037335663,0.00011255808,0.0024142237,0.000017053822,0.000017778706,0.0000012898136,0.000107812666,0.0028406405,0.99234575,0.00042295433,0.00017108447,0.001511523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062269904,0.000030801028,0.016636103,0.000037234648,0.000042245556,0.000005314563,0.00007050052,0.028752714,0.9492885,0.0007995625,0.0035088176,0.00020550561],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015834549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003336557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043057244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045008052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026790853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9908874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415300066","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169670","title":"Partition–diffusion–reaction bounds for thin-film membrane formation kinetics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; KU Leuven; University of Hong Kong; University of Toronto; Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Membrane; Nanofiltration; Aqueous solution; Diffusion; Monomer; Mass transfer; Solvent; Reaction rate","score_opus":0.00791046904138084,"score_gpt":0.22165341029615548,"score_spread":0.21374294125477464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415300066","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39486387,0.00007293435,0.597632,0.0015347892,0.0006775166,0.0002729193,0.000004569829,0.00033840584,0.0046029855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97895473,0.00004054018,0.0201871,0.00014519146,0.0000937548,0.000034818386,0.000017411978,0.0000124359,0.0005140102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922645,0.0000051689635,0.00027167742,0.00012452534,0.0001704746,0.00020171508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996561,0.00006365147,0.000071424496,0.00013079277,0.000019310783,0.000058725404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014853779,0.00010870356,0.000110812965,0.00007012063,0.00009736814,0.00006479171,0.00017286272,0.000113693786,0.00017522824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031378958,0.00010202285,0.00006744212,0.00019820273,0.00004014831,0.00028852618,0.000079831036,0.00022989648,0.00003246308],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012405078,0.000031766973,0.000016965572,0.000030081776,0.000006931046,6.721053e-7,0.000037166956,0.026894275,0.9652677,0.0005015544,0.004978713,0.0022217527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039444072,0.000024264391,0.00018432752,0.000039820625,0.000016692831,0.000042115455,0.000023882434,0.17209548,0.8025654,0.0017473947,0.022746686,0.00011949384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012551017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.503012e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5840909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002351475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007186415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4160371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415315429","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135660","title":"A joule-heated PTFE-CNT composite membrane fabricated by solution blow spinning for enhanced ammonia recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Spinning; Ammonia; Porosity; Mass transfer; Composite number; Mass transfer coefficient; Joule heating","score_opus":0.00914289276635766,"score_gpt":0.27067867623232406,"score_spread":0.2615357834659664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415315429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71438694,0.00048704108,0.2652565,0.01321741,0.00020351421,0.0015467196,0.000032401498,0.0012499668,0.003619544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98734385,0.00029485824,0.008232935,0.00036251472,0.000009232082,0.00047975546,0.00026516308,0.000015669679,0.0029960235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983292,0.000056770776,0.000514311,0.0006270525,0.00015449885,0.00031811863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999102,0.00007025085,0.0002641914,0.00045326777,0.000065723994,0.000044589353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002854646,0.00022461258,0.00027050517,0.0003698606,0.0004189097,0.0000715287,0.00029582,0.00045680878,0.00017294192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017347402,0.0002372728,0.00004902223,0.0011867397,0.00034527582,0.00029917256,0.00009189057,0.0002072337,0.000121724755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086899665,0.000072576084,0.00038488692,0.000020360161,0.000023484641,1.6310214e-7,0.000053839638,0.00019676992,0.9426697,0.0029080044,0.009111493,0.044471845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000814306,0.00014483958,0.0013376079,0.00002199449,0.000032933942,0.000004244737,0.00009564851,0.009269733,0.9436739,0.005058704,0.039295305,0.00025076853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051732182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004370439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27295694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000170456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026354443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9675704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415327078","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119541","title":"Practical energy-efficient reverse osmosis: experimental and modeling investigation for high-temperature water treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta","keywords":"Membrane; Reverse osmosis; Produced water; Polyamide; Water treatment; Energy consumption; Thermal stability; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.02677348682753538,"score_gpt":0.29248906937813435,"score_spread":0.26571558255059896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415327078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98107636,0.000028346765,0.014488504,0.003742486,0.00010212764,0.00030810284,0.0000032517871,0.000096157884,0.00015463398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909974,0.0000109431785,0.007867798,0.00030584016,0.000013099209,0.00021812123,0.00007341484,0.0000065138197,0.000506897],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930894,0.00003546639,0.00015312305,0.00026058755,0.00011881679,0.00012306965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977493,0.000028436012,0.000030323088,0.00012338006,0.000015265972,0.000027675043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013062036,0.00010256788,0.00008423097,0.000057060977,0.00015949422,0.000044619028,0.00004286917,0.000104073544,0.000038341357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042563486,0.00007758574,0.000020543785,0.00009351122,0.00006372926,0.00021952497,0.000046546877,0.00003665207,0.000010469049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000412746,0.000114977964,0.000095485,0.0000084035055,0.000012875543,8.223595e-7,0.00039932728,0.022045532,0.94067097,0.034375027,0.001144911,0.001090389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003560213,0.00007583416,0.000040207764,0.0000079957545,0.000016049135,0.0000011098967,0.00021955743,0.1607405,0.83558214,0.0023070627,0.0005753144,0.000078228106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010366362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001340131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13869496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002688196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010271298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31638548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415383732","doi":"10.6000/1929-5995.2025.14.17","title":"Effect of MAX Phase Mo2TiAlC2 on the PVDF Ultrafiltration Membrane Properties and Performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Ultrafiltration (renal); Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Phase (matter); Composite number","score_opus":0.03328525353638574,"score_gpt":0.35717258273225927,"score_spread":0.32388732919587354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415383732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99408126,0.0006026203,0.000014783965,0.0021854462,0.00007868174,0.00021555505,7.364808e-7,0.0000069889547,0.00281392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926263,0.00036041683,0.000042524174,0.00005206226,0.000008650516,0.000008993591,9.376742e-8,0.0000026689454,0.00026198395],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99784094,0.0002626792,0.0003354415,0.00018419049,0.0010890283,0.00028769302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990262,0.0004666526,0.00012918559,0.00027157055,0.000058373495,0.000048014543],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007222001,0.00008649934,0.00015920533,0.0004703666,0.00025428497,0.000079156096,0.00091186835,0.000038815644,0.00011333458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012190612,0.000046217872,0.000025191455,0.0017420622,0.0030395426,0.0006969451,0.00021437532,0.0004054791,0.000011103771],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004589378,0.0000885867,0.008752344,0.00005200569,0.000005195802,0.0000040782325,0.000307321,0.00013707094,0.93464583,0.0006677078,0.00030155064,0.05457936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042188657,0.0012808125,0.002319629,0.00013543098,0.0000029305347,0.000011466867,0.00013725644,0.0031395464,0.99232936,0.00009185485,0.00008725585,0.00004259403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041671126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006982852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057683494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010046453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001059957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415401354","doi":"10.3390/pr13103374","title":"Performance Evaluation of the Ultrasonic Humidification Process for HDH Desalination Applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Desalination; Airflow; Ultrasonic sensor; Efficient energy use; Energy consumption; Process (computing); Renewable energy; Ranging; Adaptability","score_opus":0.03632391750858829,"score_gpt":0.33159646546676846,"score_spread":0.2952725479581802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415401354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97495294,0.00028368513,0.01130957,0.0007471364,0.00004728891,0.002188098,0.0000061018272,0.00009420064,0.010370983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971535,0.000080047335,0.00041678693,0.00003129121,0.0000064390097,0.002036,0.000008526651,0.0000040845202,0.00026330416],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925464,0.000018749952,0.00018108,0.00017398782,0.00028776095,0.000083787745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931645,0.000083413586,0.00015449783,0.00022376092,0.0002149352,0.000006962951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004242065,0.000061723484,0.000059991515,0.000035270405,0.00017659752,0.0000114779805,0.00030770525,0.000046581234,0.00004666267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000773348,0.00004667089,0.000017558268,0.00081888825,0.00011846126,0.0002019311,0.00002734675,0.000037418627,0.000012133719],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007067803,0.00063514675,0.1725979,0.005905304,0.000050028902,6.1677925e-9,0.0015217314,0.10642219,0.14000492,0.005242346,0.0014282537,0.5661215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002370265,0.000017603044,0.030179225,0.00003974109,0.00006177991,2.668356e-7,0.00018145924,0.012636915,0.9432031,0.01042028,0.002944611,0.00007801036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031922466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025244572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80319816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084324136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014171925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19031838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415405569","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70127","title":"Treatment of textile dye effluents using a new polyacrylonitrile nanofiltration membrane developed by <scp>UV</scp> photo grafting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photoinitiator; Nanofiltration; Membrane; Polyacrylonitrile; Photografting; Acrylic acid; Photopolymer; Monomer; Distilled water","score_opus":0.011687248924712025,"score_gpt":0.22005056879345644,"score_spread":0.20836331986874443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415405569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99778944,0.00031865417,0.0010006361,0.00015979525,0.00011161975,0.00012911663,0.000005722162,0.00001746652,0.00046756092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972372,0.0000076741635,0.002387471,0.000036125006,0.000026003903,0.0000024560356,0.0000023396856,0.000011878845,0.0002888614],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990417,0.000013448783,0.00038155398,0.00010992565,0.000185854,0.00026753955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993622,0.00011741703,0.00015883452,0.00015257073,0.000020547492,0.00018844976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001265018,0.00014155633,0.00021979515,0.000114749266,0.00007557258,0.00003676046,0.00030295912,0.00009135805,0.00008245893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030572977,0.00011240057,0.00007127845,0.00041675105,0.000077879675,0.00012958262,0.000021537977,0.00012877883,0.0000054266347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030416863,0.00000970713,0.00061902707,0.000009798428,0.000037653153,0.0000063450207,0.00029145795,0.014516505,0.9826625,0.000026166941,0.0006003359,0.0012174579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003866414,0.00002878823,0.00014944382,0.000050834587,0.000033262975,0.00004035691,0.00004035134,0.0065124175,0.98987114,0.000049075043,0.0027872468,0.000050433515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004914552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032458868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008004088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006691305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002734413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74293655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415447226","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124857","title":"Fibroin/chitosan blend membranes for perstractive removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane; Mass transfer; Stripping (fiber); Aqueous solution; Thiourea; Wastewater; Downstream processing; Phase (matter)","score_opus":0.01732700493052931,"score_gpt":0.2766814637723134,"score_spread":0.2593544588417841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415447226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9766478,0.000594282,0.0030508917,0.0027848308,0.00070395035,0.0003369708,0.000034502616,0.00004161978,0.015805138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97754747,0.00019292458,0.0215472,0.00009281102,0.000049958842,0.000004433304,0.0000013465243,0.000008205484,0.0005556456],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99761075,0.000051127074,0.0007340639,0.00037222228,0.00081198226,0.00041983186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983085,0.00038663915,0.0006865605,0.00042198377,0.00007989218,0.00011645698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009148143,0.00018488822,0.0003977904,0.00036377396,0.0005817773,0.00005503803,0.0012855248,0.00010749592,0.00032637027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010111604,0.00015530246,0.00019571635,0.0011656177,0.0016236472,0.0010068475,0.0003355337,0.00027692466,0.000008674899],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001371173,0.00012466055,0.000160773,0.000035141977,0.000026920603,0.000014611126,0.00041234813,0.004135444,0.98338354,0.00094389654,0.0003471406,0.010278413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007597356,0.00036919216,0.0016288388,0.000107224645,0.00006860738,0.00015768089,0.001189649,0.0026264107,0.9815085,0.005322355,0.006086033,0.00017578767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007392201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027187756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018496308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012077723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030670737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6333051},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415502651","doi":"10.3390/pr13113410","title":"Batch-Process Approach to Osmotic Power Generation: Modeling and Performance Assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universities Canada","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Volume (thermodynamics); Turbine; Osmosis; Power (physics); Pressure-retarded osmosis; Energy balance; Fouling; Francis turbine; Energy (signal processing)","score_opus":0.023662208685092664,"score_gpt":0.2801244308370764,"score_spread":0.2564622221519837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415502651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8832051,0.0002053413,0.067218095,0.00069898437,0.000050397735,0.00025403258,8.3685956e-7,0.00014381294,0.0482234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98880446,0.000106333406,0.009921777,0.00038139036,0.000010679425,0.00011598696,0.0000036108652,0.0000068135646,0.0006489215],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990999,0.000009180896,0.00016334308,0.00035421512,0.00020155328,0.00017177619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970514,0.000013333154,0.000029981005,0.00018011342,0.000031326614,0.000040138035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013549805,0.000118838594,0.00011084323,0.00006012843,0.00018668285,0.00007959549,0.00021899589,0.000052222484,0.00009633681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085264095,0.00010494794,0.0000085864995,0.0005450303,0.000057103232,0.000339093,0.00015112002,0.00008503217,0.000036738686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036865524,0.00040162037,0.087698326,0.0019543874,0.000040225197,0.0000014736005,0.002616474,0.870645,0.0076489267,0.002338786,0.002931311,0.023686612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037361428,0.00013926445,0.005490305,0.000070472444,0.000027966884,0.000008171018,0.0011228727,0.94873184,0.03886707,0.0026045379,0.002057497,0.00050638744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008352039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008109364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10559938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053113323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045979916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42796528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415505094","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.124804","title":"Developing and validating a high-throughput robotic system for the accelerated development of porous membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Canada Research Chairs","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fabrication; Membrane; Modular design; Porosity; Polymer; Stiffness; Characterization (materials science)","score_opus":0.039780645331639886,"score_gpt":0.29623838195769875,"score_spread":0.25645773662605886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415505094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94098526,0.0002738213,0.05587493,0.0013927363,0.0005195891,0.00040713366,8.6306557e-7,0.000036961,0.00050872786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9297032,0.000050879557,0.07005524,0.0000708553,0.000014201044,0.000009775047,2.4524124e-7,0.0000058541127,0.00008977348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979686,0.000040342642,0.000823622,0.00025477455,0.0006246401,0.00028798435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850035,0.00041434198,0.00064359466,0.00023624829,0.00015559726,0.000049852886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027432498,0.00014701979,0.00032636122,0.00020127479,0.00061175827,0.00010670592,0.00094867265,0.00005652262,0.00002195615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006816702,0.00009479064,0.000041519426,0.0012103596,0.00070842454,0.0005576775,0.00030951275,0.00014053081,0.000003231196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007861165,0.0000441758,0.0010398383,0.0005641592,0.00006716558,0.000006069973,0.0014769725,0.027072622,0.9279281,0.006351539,0.00008803404,0.035282698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056669605,0.000053580025,0.0051618847,0.0002836461,0.000040539624,0.000074950025,0.0019684471,0.0036114927,0.9873033,0.0002930967,0.00050683157,0.00013549521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029218812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018399393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059375226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002890652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042850722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47052118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415621634","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-11677-w","title":"A scalable and chemical-free strategy for antifouling ultrafiltration PVDF membranes via hydrophilic macromolecular surface modification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Research Management Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Ministry of Higher Education","keywords":"Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Phase inversion; Surface modification; Membrane fouling; Filtration (mathematics)","score_opus":0.017332573025489028,"score_gpt":0.2734684151349306,"score_spread":0.25613584210944157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415621634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98941976,0.00008349785,0.009110028,0.0006578299,0.00018829033,0.00024012636,0.000007232359,0.000025128349,0.00026810466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99101263,0.00007100383,0.008777307,0.000050560215,0.000017574564,0.0000045509564,0.0000015864312,0.0000050687404,0.0000597028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986874,0.000034051587,0.00045680473,0.00025305865,0.000355824,0.00021286764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999228,0.00006147024,0.0003198908,0.00026385844,0.000071898474,0.000054864708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001435172,0.000109257366,0.00020033671,0.00009300535,0.0001918276,0.00021249692,0.0006028964,0.00006663584,0.000060387927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044843237,0.000092389186,0.000029085877,0.000432707,0.0005368703,0.00070926326,0.00010952813,0.000059976137,0.0000070942865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034961533,0.00002431438,0.0000589828,0.000036434645,0.000003539581,0.00000116065,0.000038838658,0.006590066,0.9922184,0.00028339506,0.00009235512,0.00061758654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032509083,0.000062715124,0.00050186884,0.000030421696,0.000015711727,0.00003493886,0.000045627425,0.0031454656,0.9871435,0.008525368,0.000080323225,0.00008894581],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023479728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019046997,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008241973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008797795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006068615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37675217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415751453","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c03313","title":"Dual-Charge-Switchable Membranes Using an Amphoteric Diblock Copolymer Additive","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copolymer; Membrane; Methacrylate; Isoelectric point; Ultrafiltration (renal); Phase inversion; Zeta potential; Methacrylic acid; Polystyrene","score_opus":0.014972699450895223,"score_gpt":0.2546838881889503,"score_spread":0.2397111887380551,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415751453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98400205,0.00015787879,0.00013413813,0.00017138764,0.00048676497,0.00052283274,0.000104581624,0.00039023958,0.014030108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950997,0.000056812434,0.00031490703,0.00093200494,0.000075929165,0.0001566724,0.000074949254,0.000041365714,0.003247623],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99790084,0.00007334244,0.00050040474,0.000666388,0.00031504015,0.00054399157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891907,0.00005518393,0.0002113205,0.00071753585,0.000010054947,0.000086851025],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002431118,0.00035981715,0.00044769276,0.00014702122,0.00030964907,0.00016835831,0.0004164071,0.00023418014,0.014475404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016527398,0.0003383676,0.00003678708,0.0005218676,0.00033055275,0.00033518634,0.00043957157,0.0000988951,0.001116151],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062120234,0.00008230205,0.000043059492,0.000022616861,0.000030023179,0.0000045353468,0.00016519899,0.000031224834,0.9949271,0.0018769548,0.0015608587,0.0011939759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038503262,0.00002653555,0.00017630657,0.000015441417,0.000042815544,0.000008419137,0.00020032279,0.000028727916,0.9949723,0.0006885208,0.0031023477,0.00035325452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008245113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023474811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013359253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010921436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003325922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415835405","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140368","title":"Forward osmosis followed by reverse osmosis for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern using a CO2-responsive draw agent","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Research Foundation","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Forward osmosis; Filtration (mathematics); Contamination; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis plant; Cleaning agent; Permeation","score_opus":0.02252579714215477,"score_gpt":0.299656244508666,"score_spread":0.27713044736651127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415835405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99416715,0.00034849386,0.0032969029,0.0007395319,0.00073825545,0.0004866486,0.00010098211,0.000010838946,0.000111206136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99544865,0.00020613088,0.0036302244,0.00014018826,0.000022371822,0.000009233256,0.0000016403114,0.000013422691,0.00052813406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980786,0.00014609938,0.0010309062,0.00015712329,0.00037242612,0.00021485263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99785244,0.00034233544,0.0013802038,0.00028579304,0.000105344756,0.000033889097],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001274827,0.0001565773,0.0006003634,0.00009937563,0.00013150171,0.000033372697,0.00047729365,0.00009945155,0.0003952348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000730737,0.00011043789,0.00018817851,0.00021231962,0.0002798612,0.00018184519,0.00017516219,0.00007082433,0.000003602135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005533792,0.000045080164,0.0004179947,0.00005888453,0.0001414505,0.000013217383,0.00031488208,0.00047623357,0.98370904,0.00006231294,0.012851376,0.0013561775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010534468,0.00018128699,0.00061937503,0.00018060894,0.0002430712,0.000049425907,0.00091224775,0.000120766024,0.9829285,0.00031369898,0.013294151,0.000103387436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022917455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018406889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012815143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016230223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007076651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45035264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416029779","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-24780-4.00005-8","title":"Membrane bioreactors for biohydrogen production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Biohydrogen; Bioconversion; Bioreactor; Renewable energy; Production (economics); Energy source; Bioenergy","score_opus":0.015586220950387213,"score_gpt":0.23988857441018693,"score_spread":0.2243023534597997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416029779","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00034476278,0.00011544197,0.000012755649,0.00033357748,0.000600188,0.0016898025,0.000050029852,0.0003551969,0.9964982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0011323085,0.0000838525,0.0011587867,0.0001458822,0.00012237125,0.00018024698,0.00006629877,0.000052479052,0.9970578],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825966,0.0000114999,0.00040494066,0.0007411119,0.00030445048,0.00027835078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998858,0.000047402726,0.00024905347,0.00076577446,0.000021084781,0.000058737456],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022455124,0.0003913143,0.0003883237,0.00016646832,0.00014632806,0.000030416773,0.00043685126,0.00045182472,0.0009833404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009142965,0.00036268492,0.00021192586,0.000033360993,0.00033562933,0.000071723414,0.0002338702,0.0002479135,0.00058885827],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017204724,0.000008096518,0.000007787651,0.000089276684,0.00005418452,0.0000019420047,0.000045694218,0.000008176165,0.009425054,0.0026963206,0.004441025,0.98320526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000117835894,0.00004404453,0.000004856993,0.00009149395,0.00008477969,0.000004112635,0.000003895551,0.0000124899325,0.044142168,0.008698453,0.9464449,0.0003509251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000016412838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044985863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9828543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022940506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003774502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999299},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416030352","doi":"","title":"Novel insights into biofouling growth on reverse osmosis membranes through in-situ microscopic visualization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Reverse osmosis; Visualization; Osmosis","score_opus":0.011901150326291961,"score_gpt":0.24750227316522697,"score_spread":0.235601122838935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416030352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7766607,0.00026047044,0.098324046,0.007795987,0.0001646554,0.0004787137,0.0000026467073,0.00033888113,0.11597392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9741348,0.0004997541,0.021507071,0.0005567455,0.0000038264056,0.000040952295,0.000048690905,0.00001731071,0.0031908464],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976455,0.0008312011,0.00040900102,0.0005773304,0.00029017776,0.00024680456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981956,0.0005505076,0.00018179583,0.0008695281,0.00015663127,0.00004595083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010962094,0.0002070066,0.00021149527,0.00019735497,0.00032598953,0.0001238658,0.0006985464,0.00017023242,0.0001498021],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011905227,0.0002110206,0.00006223708,0.0013457458,0.00030466792,0.0003795031,0.0004227847,0.00020865478,0.00015179861],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018267521,0.0006335139,0.008713293,0.00010262529,0.00001856343,0.0000022681693,0.008792933,0.0002693875,0.8239448,0.15031356,0.000999746,0.006191033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006021715,7.919657e-7,0.008038822,0.00050233665,0.000010913906,0.0000010606352,0.0002548473,0.0020862245,0.970536,0.006590088,0.011147331,0.0002294472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020051235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052407985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19747412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023810595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004070383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.860517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416062983","doi":"10.1021/acsami.5c17764","title":"From Coated to Uncoated: Scanning Electron Microscopy Corrections to Estimate the True Surface Pore Size in Nanoporous Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Membrane; Porosity; Scanning electron microscope; Coating; Ultrafiltration (renal); Nanoporous; Nanopore","score_opus":0.007168514435018607,"score_gpt":0.2950110432144683,"score_spread":0.2878425287794497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416062983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99397105,0.000044821867,0.00006517492,0.0018932722,0.0006380548,0.0010574172,0.00005323541,0.0003438997,0.0019330736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965791,0.000017789873,0.0013153477,0.00061436713,0.000017360328,0.00020204307,0.000026250753,0.000028312073,0.0011994063],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980586,0.00007772862,0.0005321074,0.0006340858,0.00021039494,0.00048708034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990401,0.00021880973,0.00013455802,0.000540427,0.000015589541,0.000050482515],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038649616,0.0003158229,0.00039573785,0.00008163677,0.00022950764,0.00024955487,0.00078512606,0.00015803712,0.0008849429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001610207,0.0002523746,0.0000130610415,0.00076243526,0.00015337142,0.00011978924,0.00054421794,0.0001620384,0.00064590556],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021170377,0.000035515783,0.00031835408,0.000011524499,0.000018398234,0.000002060933,0.0009707505,0.016131163,0.9784511,0.000063587846,0.0035302974,0.00025554711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025725926,0.000059640006,0.0011508609,0.000062965395,0.00001840296,0.0000014143194,0.0009179993,0.000009838217,0.99533737,0.00071030686,0.0012218026,0.0002521571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004897261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023884014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016886257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025454682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029830806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416086869","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135998","title":"Enhancing starch hydrolysate syrup purification: long-term ultrafiltration membrane performance under industrial conditions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft; Technische Universität Wien Bibliothek; Technische Universitat Wien","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Fouling; Hydrolysate; Membrane fouling; Starch; Membrane technology; Bioprocess","score_opus":0.021227137486968237,"score_gpt":0.28864275690209873,"score_spread":0.2674156194151305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416086869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738573,0.00013361739,0.010757645,0.0072948984,0.0002930033,0.00092240726,0.000009647775,0.0007772462,0.005954262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954064,0.00044677075,0.0005945453,0.0002656861,0.000034840785,0.00035000598,0.00023231356,0.00001543972,0.0026539804],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979373,0.000099630844,0.0006637898,0.00068245264,0.0002817778,0.0003350351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987973,0.000086035674,0.00027914453,0.00070753094,0.00006632942,0.000063662985],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004216178,0.00025974517,0.0002549177,0.0005502771,0.0006114265,0.00010914049,0.00035588845,0.0005503624,0.00095578213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012973764,0.00027440506,0.000042386422,0.0015132105,0.00062529306,0.0006429056,0.000091983085,0.00042110012,0.00039838272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009646012,0.0001583957,0.036869936,0.0000590745,0.000056446504,0.0000013763047,0.00031788775,0.001217894,0.87973565,0.058615293,0.0011190872,0.021752525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009081613,0.0001670448,0.04907236,0.000047809757,0.00005408659,0.000021843709,0.0003621815,0.0022369807,0.93772954,0.004326449,0.0046855486,0.0003880015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001906847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012091103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05799391,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018850113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000079813006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999708},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416132629","doi":"10.1145/3736425.3770104","title":"Decision-Focused Learning for Cost-Efficient and Sustainable Water Treatment Plant Operations","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Benchmark (surveying); Control (management); Sewage treatment; Time horizon; Water treatment; Power station; Horizon; Optimal control","score_opus":0.016490773954851805,"score_gpt":0.27281077630289574,"score_spread":0.2563200023480439,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416132629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7991574,0.00041151646,0.17895603,0.0057133916,0.00031088848,0.006241903,0.000034033073,0.00027018276,0.008904665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8889893,0.00033621726,0.004958328,0.00016967271,0.000009494488,0.0006101821,0.000025631298,0.000013274074,0.10488787],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977342,0.000049623377,0.0004521094,0.0006883482,0.00020740538,0.00086835335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918497,0.0002697218,0.00003373256,0.00037833722,0.00003652154,0.00009669696],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000508432,0.0002977222,0.0002975333,0.00019632683,0.0016509456,0.00033617107,0.00022673242,0.00017849873,0.0025141432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001862435,0.00019668275,0.000078608864,0.00025734358,0.00028494906,0.00025431882,0.00050710066,0.00012042802,0.00019794359],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027800904,0.000590921,0.0009430514,0.00007407946,0.000101495774,0.000015816515,0.0015203278,0.7873493,0.020944042,0.043093093,0.0022702746,0.14281963],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023864808,0.000720642,0.0005424975,0.00003451425,0.00008716107,0.000004342765,0.005869666,0.40363395,0.40090168,0.0009349482,0.18452851,0.0003555978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035588106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022958212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3837153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006766454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006243615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99964875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416404971","doi":"10.1016/j.cejgas.2025.100006","title":"Closed-circuit RO membrane coupled with vacuum UV enhances pharmaceutical degradation via molecular uncoupling in soluble fractions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal Green and Sustainable","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Milton District Hospital; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Membrane; Yield (engineering); Permeation","score_opus":0.006622628551572607,"score_gpt":0.23266474098799456,"score_spread":0.22604211243642194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416404971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8415009,0.00028921152,0.15657976,0.00064612087,0.00005214332,0.00017313406,2.1373474e-7,0.00008707342,0.00067146093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959499,0.00007829073,0.0022449729,0.00007389829,0.000016174878,0.000020275313,0.00000259018,0.000012991719,0.001600887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885994,0.000010900325,0.00025291703,0.00022702108,0.00021655565,0.00043267573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962026,0.000073523006,0.00005220519,0.000121303834,0.00002973171,0.000102981016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030084542,0.00015796332,0.0001902216,0.0001371761,0.00013038043,0.00007497592,0.00017097687,0.00010984611,0.0001301758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001001291,0.0001413304,0.000032085172,0.00053619937,0.00008106111,0.0003631194,0.00010408685,0.0005187012,0.000005025874],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005414772,0.00007336875,0.001428132,0.00015466302,0.00003571594,0.00015525898,0.000080850645,0.06459446,0.929706,0.0011484263,0.00006817395,0.0025008123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010687365,0.00004472608,0.000596611,0.00008353686,0.000041553903,0.00009200836,0.0004105504,0.3989637,0.5948255,0.0019332544,0.0016360414,0.00030375688],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009176737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003905682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33488047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029962772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034851295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57632864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416408760","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2025.108170","title":"Low electric field-assisted anaerobic ceramic membrane reactor for high-concentration organic wastewater treatment: Performance enhancement and membrane fouling mitigation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Science and Technology Bureau, Changsha; Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Fouling; Membrane; Wastewater; Ceramic membrane; Biogas; Pollutant","score_opus":0.00636547358316558,"score_gpt":0.2045004905843125,"score_spread":0.1981350170011469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416408760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98202324,0.000093022645,0.015384774,0.0005873635,0.00008262157,0.0015835699,0.000004424992,0.00009442521,0.00014657513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972621,0.0015462191,0.00028846643,0.00009065551,0.000019521725,0.00038076966,0.00007553134,0.000015313539,0.00032143065],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869186,0.00003506227,0.0003313087,0.00051115436,0.0001611343,0.0002694849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960667,0.000035888414,0.00014604384,0.00016101061,0.0000045145634,0.000045875993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013478835,0.00023903268,0.0002027409,0.00006386761,0.0004227892,0.00004909417,0.00008115824,0.00016338777,0.00019949711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022346014,0.00021869868,0.000028928638,0.00021513591,0.000081175,0.0005276764,0.000045709516,0.00012102274,0.000014372461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035509927,0.00011008062,0.00066797854,0.00019148215,0.000026364944,2.664879e-7,0.00017792465,0.00071587815,0.9291421,0.000012157206,0.0000018359013,0.06859883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012359162,0.00061254355,0.0042701163,0.000051505634,0.000050508716,0.000007591103,0.000117855205,0.033176582,0.9598786,0.00021574082,0.0001695863,0.00021340573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050635983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024778365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06838542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042267123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011650015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89182734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416420473","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108289","title":"Fused deposition modeling of functional nanohybrids: a transformative approach to sustainable water purification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lockheed Martin (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Portable water purification; Deposition (geology); Degradation (telecommunications); Water treatment; Thermal stability; Wastewater; Transformative learning; Adsorption","score_opus":0.009264643779161889,"score_gpt":0.20332492099194335,"score_spread":0.19406027721278146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416420473","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33550498,0.000009662077,0.6516709,0.00012976832,0.000029559096,0.00029734834,0.000002378899,0.00007938055,0.012276048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939761,0.000004272162,0.0056734434,0.000011120927,0.0000035000644,0.000070839626,0.00002192612,0.000004693022,0.00023408231],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999238,0.000010054574,0.00026631792,0.00016419278,0.00012751675,0.00019388211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998012,0.000015048743,0.00001615312,0.00013831534,0.000012877192,0.000016413616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000269941,0.000074805896,0.00008936008,0.00017700123,0.000034677418,0.000011278853,0.00010244331,0.000049194707,0.000006825802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006108278,0.00006607301,0.00001969821,0.0003590008,0.000013501289,0.00021491655,0.000045207937,0.00007944974,0.000009887389],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004110774,0.000027029746,0.000012279265,0.00005431734,0.0000032569376,3.0403527e-7,0.0007844844,0.91665477,0.08105303,0.00086809066,0.00002710715,0.00047421688],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029791644,0.000011616317,0.0002766795,0.000024006267,0.0000024957856,6.3644194e-7,0.00050569716,0.7741988,0.22440694,0.00010777259,0.000100737234,0.00006674117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006379349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030010524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6584711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018679045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058396868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2694379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416451897","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124934","title":"From fixed points to optimum regions: AI–NSGA-II framework for high-recovery, low-energy brackish water RO","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Victoria; Dalhousie University","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; American Water Works Association","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Sorting; Sensitivity (control systems); Flow (mathematics); Fouling; Brackish water; Boiler feedwater; Scaling; Membrane fouling; Energy consumption","score_opus":0.03415955767343037,"score_gpt":0.33609063141907025,"score_spread":0.3019310737456399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416451897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84996575,0.000031484145,0.065391764,0.079615444,0.0005972691,0.0012138169,0.00006266089,0.00033241874,0.0027894136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94755626,0.00002795432,0.013780368,0.0020907447,0.00012554986,0.0006108702,0.00015208065,0.000037257305,0.03561893],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969204,0.00019443738,0.0003479343,0.0008210148,0.0006822737,0.0010339462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998538,0.00019225177,0.00002042186,0.0010447593,0.00006666256,0.00013790622],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009235892,0.00021050812,0.0002589604,0.00028592435,0.0005763805,0.00022370458,0.0011278982,0.00031347727,0.00425317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043662742,0.00014061733,0.00008411048,0.00043303845,0.00028597488,0.0003399282,0.002111221,0.00044190005,0.002899589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008484462,0.00039538596,0.0007339471,0.000060672723,0.00012415508,0.00003385941,0.0021700414,0.003222146,0.40789497,0.016675388,0.5528611,0.014979892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027469278,0.00016025973,0.00020244897,0.00005279392,0.000004262345,4.2154699e-7,0.00008976908,0.00022964146,0.6280043,0.2932318,0.07758623,0.0001633778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025482287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048962573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47527486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029084348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002066251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99787676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416596445","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120350","title":"A Paradigm Shift in End-of-Life Membrane Recycling: From Conventional to Emerging Techniques","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Tamkeen; European Regional Development Fund; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Reuse; Sustainability; Paradigm shift; Membrane; Depolymerization; Incineration; Polymeric membrane","score_opus":0.018704582205603414,"score_gpt":0.2861954153930823,"score_spread":0.2674908331874789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416596445","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9697506,0.00025166973,0.0029201498,0.009230001,0.00024760433,0.00062300306,0.000025270552,0.00037201107,0.016579688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953113,0.000079518475,0.003472795,0.0005751837,0.000020718771,0.00010828083,0.000021048103,0.000013230667,0.00039792823],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982695,0.0000792278,0.0005792147,0.0004656169,0.00032579686,0.00028066232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991568,0.00021718798,0.00011843414,0.0004337866,0.000004771225,0.00006906639],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038104205,0.00019351521,0.0003540797,0.00028146277,0.0000706464,0.000024768457,0.00051444035,0.00014327768,0.0033066045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026046482,0.00019360625,0.000081806924,0.00082202913,0.0002008933,0.00019571726,0.00025269692,0.00017004069,0.00018159102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007406274,0.00087860395,0.22946519,0.0004908062,0.0001748744,0.000053679156,0.0030650527,0.008645727,0.6269783,0.07098866,0.005799893,0.052718613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007444336,0.000055242675,0.051345035,0.00021430194,0.000021592286,0.0000010983076,0.00020323586,0.000577664,0.8344398,0.046435136,0.0655456,0.00041685347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015735027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010405682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20746152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008823206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040520456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416608145","doi":"10.54963/neea.v4i2.1644","title":"Solar PV System Design for Enhancing Sustainability in SWRO Desalination: The Deir El‑Balah Case Study","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"New Energy Exploitation and Application","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Desalination; Sustainability; Electricity; Fossil fuel; Solar energy; Solar desalination; Resilience (materials science)","score_opus":0.01723506549274867,"score_gpt":0.29408841587287754,"score_spread":0.27685335038012887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416608145","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17764829,0.00025844906,0.8156984,0.0025024712,0.00011030938,0.0034433352,0.0000033087736,0.00013969584,0.00019576192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937092,0.00007681188,0.0024077066,0.00015327278,0.00004591487,0.0030042103,0.000010945804,0.000019327385,0.0005725871],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972966,0.00036609752,0.000859685,0.0008455066,0.000293499,0.00033866812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807274,0.00071445195,0.00034223386,0.000642905,0.0001479131,0.00007975548],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001677647,0.0002990264,0.00029248637,0.00021033108,0.00075263664,0.0001800439,0.0003210904,0.0002152784,0.00001706898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003451338,0.00027027962,0.000057827572,0.0011477311,0.00018962893,0.00047494523,0.00013977745,0.00015869143,0.0000070175633],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028013534,0.00078418484,0.002925084,0.00043554514,0.00006869438,0.0000249699,0.012344731,0.104366,0.008761926,0.14879598,0.0006763662,0.7205364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049126274,0.00069553516,0.008317982,0.00013535994,0.00023417584,0.00008417684,0.3747632,0.47545937,0.08205903,0.04689853,0.00559421,0.00084582454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024922388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0047362377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8160609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010406846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019574637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416730338","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120353","title":"Advancements and Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Material Science and Membrane Technology: A Comprehensive Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Process (computing); Membrane; Membrane fouling; Sustainability; Pace; Limiting","score_opus":0.02038306716870873,"score_gpt":0.28817982846357265,"score_spread":0.2677967612948639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416730338","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97998554,0.014418338,0.0009640338,0.0021903485,0.00005198987,0.0012117585,0.000009552883,0.00013043961,0.0010380158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9769853,0.021200148,0.001480803,0.00015263424,0.0000031624575,0.00010512021,0.000002743062,0.000004865811,0.00006527318],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989888,0.000026193631,0.00029385695,0.00035996654,0.00017274174,0.00015842002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961483,0.00005422651,0.00009243111,0.00018438214,0.000027723487,0.000026378078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032329335,0.00011252571,0.00023278207,0.00024488627,0.00014364229,0.000022322674,0.00019454214,0.00005378955,0.00007137999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001983444,0.00010403635,0.000007063187,0.0011688583,0.0015745935,0.00017376698,0.00041362955,0.00011562232,0.000004507973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003631416,0.00006234664,0.010102481,0.0018060902,0.0000072025673,0.000002305153,0.00011766459,0.00018626047,0.48570347,0.0051411963,0.000008889757,0.49682578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031300468,0.00014575773,0.005805334,0.00091860344,0.00004585848,0.00003165623,0.00082655624,0.0049454286,0.9517247,0.012274145,0.02258685,0.00038210538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007198118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005524377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4964437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028562232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001660714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58016557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416738022","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123347","title":"Functional hydrogels—enabling the gateway for sustainable water treatment and harvesting technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Innovation and Economic Development Trois Rivières","funders":"Academy of Finland","keywords":"Water treatment; Self-healing hydrogels; Population; Gateway (web page); Global population; Water resources; Portable water purification","score_opus":0.04089380371896411,"score_gpt":0.30705422709135866,"score_spread":0.26616042337239454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416738022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854277,0.00046323452,0.0005762103,0.0057279216,0.000030260195,0.0012344872,0.0000042943325,0.00017882115,0.0063570687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93951416,0.0002172791,0.00031176623,0.000051062594,0.000010991911,0.0006156964,0.000013588637,0.000011844254,0.0592536],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982876,0.00007442015,0.0001715961,0.000440342,0.0003072883,0.0007187288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920744,0.00036191914,0.000021737387,0.0003728935,0.0000051450597,0.000030874948],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000963254,0.00014501649,0.00011395448,0.00012783721,0.0012857153,0.00012559125,0.00029949914,0.00010508773,0.00045918708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021957942,0.00008472241,0.000040855495,0.00021008975,0.0011757162,0.00032419202,0.0010053086,0.00021376552,0.00020795659],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019228403,0.00037701626,0.021560693,0.00006878952,0.00009240502,0.000022258195,0.000630861,0.002017265,0.7089353,0.009264242,0.0055878623,0.251251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053675513,0.00022093028,0.0021051476,0.000008419953,0.000010477055,0.000006009521,0.009285795,0.0006027125,0.7639466,0.023370938,0.19976756,0.00013865471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014551626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022437593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25111237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006304502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000126008445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98888123},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416782344","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.128081","title":"Unlocking nanoplastic removal from landfill leachate - a dual-layer adsorptive PES@PMACZ@MOF &amp; repulsive self-assembled mesoporous silica modified matrix membrane","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"University of British Columbia; Mitacs; Staatssekretariat für Migration; EDS","keywords":"Membrane; Leachate; Nanopore; Filtration (mathematics); Biofouling; Mesoporous silica; Matrix (chemical analysis); Porosity","score_opus":0.00891563950063003,"score_gpt":0.24406931960658745,"score_spread":0.2351536801059574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416782344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838767,0.00041726689,0.0019497817,0.0006672128,0.0004668354,0.00068236823,0.000023496174,0.0001232669,0.011793047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842408,0.00084750174,0.009755053,0.00027810608,0.00005834287,0.000028381002,0.000016168247,0.000038439528,0.0047372584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965163,0.00019012931,0.0010998746,0.0006527521,0.0010210987,0.00051986927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981364,0.00017887467,0.0008586926,0.0006632726,0.0000097240045,0.00015300879],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005538765,0.00046183998,0.00060948846,0.00031715923,0.0002542339,0.00009023631,0.0006833474,0.00016324865,0.0018246312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053639615,0.00041426904,0.0002607329,0.0003648834,0.00012997488,0.0005737486,0.00091659796,0.00046782623,0.00054206105],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001242895,0.0019192841,0.007662831,0.00014731045,0.0020087368,0.0021456666,0.0016247265,0.047519766,0.9160889,0.0012236208,0.0078030196,0.01061328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.026743602,0.0019307728,0.21060789,0.001394734,0.0050316895,0.0015625228,0.011471193,0.01395,0.49710652,0.023239657,0.20202602,0.00493541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008074274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000040728493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41898236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001134395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015740794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998309},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416818010","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5828752","title":"Heterogeneous wettability fiber membranes with synergistic piezoelectric effect and independent oil-water channels for in-situ fouling control","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Biofouling; Membrane; Piezoelectricity; Fouling; Emulsion; Fiber; Membrane fouling; Oil droplet","score_opus":0.006434171482019755,"score_gpt":0.23240044487730735,"score_spread":0.2259662733952876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416818010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9555242,0.0066223517,0.032931544,0.0010433191,0.00056716613,0.002640027,0.000028020444,0.00012559089,0.00051779154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98881805,0.007611188,0.00014796479,0.000091300826,0.00018384423,0.00060927874,0.000019915646,0.00007664386,0.002441842],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9888971,0.00080023956,0.0015502252,0.0019743834,0.0009964404,0.005781614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99704254,0.00092881895,0.0007480919,0.0009230131,0.00010470351,0.0002528439],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006785209,0.001296893,0.0017305885,0.0007185995,0.00076830556,0.0004268946,0.001343315,0.0009975884,0.00023053502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004201468,0.0009611168,0.0004313157,0.0004975205,0.00058400905,0.00038358508,0.00065469893,0.00638519,0.000057096637],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008358569,0.0008315013,0.0042699077,0.0030856244,0.0027421638,0.00013500961,0.0010062327,0.39834014,0.057348642,0.0013699998,0.000010873711,0.52250135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04275443,0.020008283,0.0010496984,0.0027295842,0.004248031,0.0063723596,0.0013030769,0.07962031,0.64565593,0.18600556,0.0020878203,0.008164898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027391347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037899164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5883073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0049917893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001309984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416894008","doi":"10.1002/app.70106","title":"Eco‐Friendly Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes for Efficient Water Desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Desalination; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Ultrafiltration (renal); Extrusion; Hollow fiber membrane; Spinning; Thermal stability","score_opus":0.006849380018130297,"score_gpt":0.24634153887526197,"score_spread":0.23949215885713168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416894008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.968097,0.00014746326,0.005029501,0.001330272,0.0005076294,0.000349093,0.0000017243157,0.000045862595,0.024491461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99496305,0.000011008679,0.0035209097,0.00021102923,0.000028253819,0.000020421006,0.0000011160492,0.00000608839,0.0012381121],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836946,0.000011708433,0.00044752634,0.00026606757,0.0005884335,0.00031681146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993512,0.000065110245,0.00022463148,0.00023211034,0.000061509425,0.0000654538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010476119,0.0001280557,0.00017084935,0.000281638,0.0003479101,0.00008429526,0.00064416847,0.00006943293,0.00032409097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038128786,0.000088530345,0.000073024275,0.00068536116,0.00054440874,0.00037438437,0.00011875958,0.00010349858,0.00009866461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097136275,0.0000700607,0.00004382327,0.00001784592,0.000007439276,8.3671165e-7,0.0003441436,0.0047939443,0.97404593,0.003998048,0.00089175237,0.015689053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044815446,0.00007284748,0.00024507815,0.000009845633,0.000018256425,0.0000071596264,0.00013944696,0.0017732307,0.99065584,0.0012733472,0.0052485014,0.00010829246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005540916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032288242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026866067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016543886,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000851392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36101627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416895685","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02791","title":"Postsynthetic Polymerization of UiO-66-NH <sub>2</sub> for the Fabrication of Nylon/MOF Hybrid Membranes with Enhanced PFOS and PFOA Uptake","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Innovation Cluster (Canada)","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Membrane; Adsorption; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Polymerization; Amide; Dispersion (optics); Homogeneous; Fabrication","score_opus":0.005493453181901453,"score_gpt":0.20899851353247265,"score_spread":0.2035050603505712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416895685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99360716,0.00023730879,0.0039228867,0.00036728923,0.0000955909,0.0010200654,0.000068994435,0.000063241285,0.00061746174],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990554,0.00018581645,0.00018800747,0.000111300986,0.0000143189445,0.0003022616,0.000033196862,0.000019757625,0.00008994578],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987659,0.000032905893,0.00047210738,0.00032028876,0.0002091904,0.00019962156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896,0.00016868408,0.00037056283,0.0004553753,0.000022871025,0.000022516162],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022661473,0.0001888574,0.00032149343,0.00007929542,0.000119872784,0.00003222225,0.0002935242,0.00008102006,0.00012376739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043424323,0.00013602918,0.000024357003,0.00026393123,0.00043850162,0.00010205191,0.00012983258,0.00003580127,0.000009470751],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001923719,0.000034771067,0.000035575948,0.00009972395,0.000035082496,6.6178416e-8,0.0001548868,0.00004587396,0.98269826,0.0022815296,0.000057934303,0.014363934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004215209,0.00006031241,0.0017184254,0.000027025473,0.000079211466,0.0000015672804,0.00016936247,0.000018670313,0.9967582,0.0005387701,0.00007457491,0.00013235038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007217416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009298642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014231584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021290749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022135197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55471087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416938457","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119719","title":"Minimizing the thermal energy use of membrane distillation with real-time operating controls","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Thermal energy; Thermal; Membrane technology; Energy (signal processing); Distillation","score_opus":0.012188545454457224,"score_gpt":0.23319871926958374,"score_spread":0.22101017381512653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416938457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97813326,0.000008617733,0.0075487136,0.00073041307,0.000028612332,0.00020872541,0.0000028331601,0.0000924529,0.0132463835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958669,0.000011799279,0.0028054568,0.00008836878,0.000007329613,0.000024627487,0.00001678609,0.000006156114,0.0011725645],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992738,0.000083772284,0.00020404928,0.00015123154,0.00019007472,0.00009709501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940133,0.00022502695,0.00012875488,0.00020804802,0.000026366402,0.00001049088],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021110044,0.000080732796,0.00010335308,0.000042303116,0.00012454562,0.00004308538,0.00012470013,0.000053434604,0.00012724301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016213041,0.000052474927,0.000020392441,0.00028728417,0.00013767084,0.00028699377,0.000049849332,0.000043989727,0.000010343374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005116265,0.000032564913,0.010404395,0.000008855685,0.000022021106,7.964519e-7,0.00026046546,0.06783269,0.8886441,0.015069922,0.00022301638,0.017450001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007665178,0.00009703532,0.11189326,0.0000557718,0.000048181268,0.0000021519984,0.00014399117,0.25208113,0.63215053,0.00037188936,0.002197774,0.00019178947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036033802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000083467574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2564936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005527888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010839683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21398655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416941319","doi":"10.3390/membranes15120366","title":"The Evaluation of Ammonium Sulphate as a Potential Draw Solute in a Hybrid FO-RO Process to Concentrate Nutrients (NPK) from a Simulated Liquid Digestate—Part I: Deionized Water as a Feed Solution","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Potassium; Osmosis; Process (computing); Membrane; Digestate; Nutrient; Phosphorus","score_opus":0.013256153987324644,"score_gpt":0.28912380361726664,"score_spread":0.275867649629942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416941319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99446565,0.00016981516,0.00018130445,0.0022091977,0.0003041899,0.0017860158,0.00001859403,0.00014811796,0.00071713683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986978,0.00009345798,0.000031850675,0.00017030469,0.000016149215,0.00019732946,0.000081354236,0.000018912293,0.0006928424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968762,0.00033913084,0.0006884612,0.00059759006,0.0009167577,0.0005818517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990074,0.00011117568,0.00018571562,0.00048652064,0.00012975774,0.00007941356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010960422,0.00027372772,0.00034705404,0.0001360125,0.0003267464,0.00011535987,0.00055066013,0.00012847086,0.00045135946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040071408,0.0001965449,0.00008211929,0.00061292737,0.00031262162,0.00039047172,0.00026827928,0.00017091003,0.0003588525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.008370802,0.00043949255,0.0009714277,0.00008232303,0.00013056275,0.000030192734,0.0033780034,0.22267267,0.75649405,0.00006433695,0.00032709175,0.0070390496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028201123,0.0001503293,0.0013794343,0.00009630549,0.000091002395,0.0000032773216,0.00037834508,0.056653485,0.93421793,0.0028711974,0.0010957395,0.00024285019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021857864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006739371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17772388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027113446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011773937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8014869},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416958421","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108567","title":"Modeling of the air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process for whey treatment: A CFD approach with RSM","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mass transfer; Membrane distillation; Response surface methodology; Concentration polarization; Desalination; Heat transfer; Parametric statistics; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.016802223834097053,"score_gpt":0.24222541290341174,"score_spread":0.2254231890693147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416958421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8406588,0.00005145336,0.14711887,0.00021843145,0.00006538998,0.0012164959,0.000021428668,0.00015897704,0.010490173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99620265,0.00000909631,0.0034594666,0.000004532097,0.000005405169,0.00011482841,0.00000626751,0.000008314446,0.00018942099],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932986,0.0000065863774,0.00020671009,0.00019978452,0.00011877021,0.00013829659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999674,0.00003377575,0.000042000094,0.00023087366,0.000007906002,0.000011396436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112003465,0.00010271107,0.00012358424,0.00005795675,0.00003688847,0.00000633898,0.00016262104,0.000054336586,0.0000015415171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011603479,0.000068208916,0.000026303118,0.0004008664,0.0000263213,0.000090561065,0.00003502828,0.000055684228,5.762192e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005343313,0.000026496722,0.00031428435,0.00008729646,0.000007112016,1.146965e-7,0.00034450387,0.99529904,0.0030009358,0.0002741249,0.000002441657,0.0005902298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071670907,0.000028344795,0.0006032402,0.00007655477,0.000008814353,6.746437e-7,0.000118012635,0.9644863,0.033723485,0.00009149513,0.00007361184,0.00007273164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058240934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000061227074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15554388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013588992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001253543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27814788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417066402","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119737","title":"Multifidelity numerical modeling and Bayesian hierarchical prediction of the desalination discharges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Desalination; Numerical modeling; Bayesian probability; Numerical models; Mathematical model","score_opus":0.013437099318119296,"score_gpt":0.2547489044583705,"score_spread":0.24131180514025122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417066402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.684283,0.000020435093,0.3121346,0.0019406507,0.00010000776,0.00022935233,0.0000072964626,0.000074706695,0.0012098996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963332,0.000013537739,0.0034231173,0.000054832846,0.000007698485,0.000021841166,0.000010978184,0.000004156341,0.00013065893],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991358,0.000091881055,0.00025264852,0.0002035147,0.00022376009,0.00009241999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996389,0.000052004714,0.000075824566,0.00019140482,0.000023415714,0.000018440258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032693078,0.00007455274,0.00008570241,0.00005422743,0.00014166375,0.000017494216,0.00013432681,0.00009198112,0.00003166924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036627974,0.000056457116,0.000030190222,0.00033681482,0.00014453137,0.0002014278,0.0001226894,0.00011810189,0.0000036214285],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010167671,0.00039595467,0.43298474,0.00013795,0.000044395656,5.5063987e-7,0.0014477945,0.12002055,0.14997008,0.12587608,0.0008418655,0.16817836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017004382,0.000013601141,0.11966658,0.000016298445,0.0000114596905,6.937647e-7,0.000050990242,0.84459245,0.019556358,0.015747087,0.00012891907,0.000045492503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007943699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022469769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72457194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008098328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010322629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23022543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417067729","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-443-32968-5.00012-7","title":"Emerging contaminants and membrane filtration: addressing new challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Contamination; Membrane technology; Membrane; Human health","score_opus":0.034272066084767246,"score_gpt":0.26536932181218187,"score_spread":0.23109725572741463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417067729","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009969648,0.0046591475,0.00001813796,0.00066373195,0.00020535357,0.00043570905,0.0000078628545,0.00019415151,0.9937162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017540796,0.0027318492,0.000801661,0.00021388778,0.000089336965,0.00001790138,0.000010179012,0.000035307916,0.9943458],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998364,0.000021950633,0.00038996246,0.00062599266,0.00033973524,0.00025840267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990635,0.00007732927,0.00022916656,0.0005204307,0.000011026477,0.00009855419],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017896498,0.00038689957,0.0004413148,0.000111322915,0.00018733239,0.00006180909,0.0003119811,0.00037927192,0.0017965436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044100623,0.00037707385,0.00007900189,0.000017491275,0.00027798658,0.00011974659,0.00034998215,0.0003613752,0.00021775816],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006182767,0.0000024388412,0.0000038966873,0.00008067034,0.000026338703,0.000014462984,0.00027154599,0.0000025595325,0.00044784136,0.0050404794,0.00081733166,0.99328625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025352577,0.000038693288,0.00007093399,0.00054487644,0.000065529515,0.000016356487,0.000046510428,0.0000416103,0.002458749,0.0068415455,0.98920405,0.00041760667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032951693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021314873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99286866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009013761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048071277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998681},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417077966","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00537-4","title":"An agile benchmarking framework for wastewater resource recovery technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Université Laval; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Benchmarking; Software deployment; Resource (disambiguation); Agile software development; Resource recovery; Resource efficiency; Foundation (evidence)","score_opus":0.010932338308288667,"score_gpt":0.25684623007291707,"score_spread":0.2459138917646284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417077966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9707973,0.000021752514,0.012107953,0.0032065823,0.0002875957,0.0005708212,0.000008968353,0.0012984404,0.0117005985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9624559,0.000010939295,0.033770215,0.00051385246,0.000033719196,0.00009808489,0.000030581483,0.000022022614,0.003064669],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986312,0.00003228031,0.00024679222,0.00049112696,0.00015642728,0.0004422165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991096,0.000074293304,0.00004430926,0.0007383711,0.000007795323,0.000025625039],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002915248,0.00017652701,0.00017256496,0.00011546479,0.00023566005,0.000091826354,0.0006064372,0.00030035476,0.0009245562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001017191,0.00012558585,0.000069793896,0.00018214317,0.00024401031,0.00027941997,0.0003641465,0.0002182214,0.00032329862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028945986,0.000215352,0.008825952,0.00010350317,0.00006837413,0.0000095547675,0.0012813039,0.0053922157,0.32611084,0.008341951,0.0711194,0.57824206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015546729,0.00014832681,0.00041050272,0.000035295547,0.000011584822,0.0000014705049,0.0010081921,0.0005372363,0.7911933,0.085656635,0.12063342,0.00020857908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017491522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022190192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5780335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010529603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037846855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417126494","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125047","title":"New approach to 3D-print methacrylic acid/polyethylene glycol diacrylate-based membranes based on polymerization induced phase separation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Sentinelle Nord, Université Laval; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Université Laval","keywords":"Membrane; Methacrylic acid; Porosity; Permeance; Polymer; Polymerization; Supercritical fluid; Polyethylene glycol; Photografting","score_opus":0.02113727616632195,"score_gpt":0.31968626690508145,"score_spread":0.2985489907387595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417126494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7307341,0.00004737379,0.24674699,0.0042061643,0.0007738579,0.0009323555,0.0000050473673,0.0001471499,0.016406948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618222,0.000010592489,0.036122274,0.0015755929,0.000056694822,0.000023518895,0.0000035139979,0.0000178342,0.0003677513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99593353,0.00017894231,0.00090520276,0.00069683325,0.0017476722,0.0005377893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979508,0.00018911214,0.0006058734,0.00077517517,0.00011831298,0.00036075665],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019633663,0.00034555772,0.0004782583,0.0011449627,0.00040749199,0.00023622741,0.0015323521,0.0001745283,0.0005082744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012134914,0.00029315735,0.00014989093,0.0043294425,0.0003729792,0.00096919393,0.00017401586,0.00042390625,0.0001458639],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032910774,0.0003233643,0.00009926793,0.000025732637,0.000008359096,0.000004603109,0.00015735216,0.0987246,0.87244046,0.0001872213,0.0002631601,0.027436793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002023394,0.00048751285,0.0010049897,0.00007286749,0.00003598438,0.000008708856,0.00008823615,0.07475993,0.92016214,0.00010515636,0.0009799597,0.0002711026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009739735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013706728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23108812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005024442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00078876095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999521},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417281047","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.128259","title":"Brine management via reverse osmosis-based technologies: Energy consumption, performance limits, economic feasibility, and practical applicability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Brine; Desalination; Osmotic power; Energy consumption; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reverse osmosis plant; Salinity","score_opus":0.014161395538391542,"score_gpt":0.25490464491409426,"score_spread":0.2407432493757027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417281047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97669214,0.000383435,0.012242484,0.0030470602,0.00020378476,0.0008191019,0.000007936655,0.0001357185,0.0064683463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818621,0.0037292454,0.013336353,0.00040109735,0.000008070139,0.000046157547,0.0000031899726,0.0000120429295,0.0006017093],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813354,0.000052118572,0.0006936001,0.00047736318,0.0003585811,0.0002847809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889123,0.0000582422,0.0003759583,0.0006042653,0.000003037528,0.00006727155],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005878094,0.00025135954,0.0002991408,0.0001987177,0.00015073786,0.000050592196,0.00037327953,0.00011191205,0.0008607562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011311078,0.0002354075,0.00009460572,0.00013733403,0.0006522819,0.00036086122,0.00075313635,0.0002223499,0.00012885322],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008511049,0.0023102488,0.5257051,0.0006783121,0.00058169005,0.00019873863,0.000042888758,0.007740344,0.0052251886,0.0057524913,0.018338477,0.4325754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048587364,0.00078394753,0.7750926,0.00018664137,0.00054201676,0.00013074688,0.0011763632,0.006066371,0.025536139,0.0071598487,0.17759706,0.00086953293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009798755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007581447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4317059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011258523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006733607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9599639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417290371","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00819","title":"Modeling Scaling Prevention and Attainable Recovery Using Hypothetical Calcium-Permeable Reverse Osmosis Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Gypsum; Scaling; Osmosis; Permeation; Chloride; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.02088843479655609,"score_gpt":0.2512182222261632,"score_spread":0.2303297874296071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417290371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8667025,0.00021855009,0.13178313,0.00010172301,0.00010866648,0.00017605105,9.464597e-7,0.00021419681,0.00069423864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818093,0.00010422989,0.017429586,0.00005103537,0.000015156003,0.000018619603,0.0000019882227,0.00001910637,0.00055097893],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989393,0.000018408306,0.00024545388,0.00033014166,0.0001588522,0.00030784297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961704,0.000050098784,0.000028933477,0.00024850087,0.000009853418,0.00004559668],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026839742,0.00016268872,0.00017893525,0.00011569616,0.00014575185,0.00006456882,0.0001553461,0.00012803916,0.00007279897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019983912,0.00017470754,0.000043510194,0.00034481296,0.000049456936,0.00041591906,0.0002207381,0.00015419105,0.000018043003],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060963243,0.000012464102,0.00031763202,0.000079507816,0.00001233065,0.000002378308,0.000042429525,0.9045941,0.0926722,0.00036086483,0.000037016594,0.0018629765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017722198,0.000013811277,0.00010198751,0.00012527811,0.000028865747,0.00000822785,0.0001349296,0.9485859,0.049305733,0.0008096067,0.00052060303,0.0001878205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016941465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008615423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.115106806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018230591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013483482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7124367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417358381","doi":"10.1038/s42004-025-01832-4","title":"Alginate cryogel beads for effectively aggregating nanoplastics for water remediation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Chemistry","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Adsorption; Filtration (mathematics); Leaching (pedology); Aggregate (composite); Membrane; Dissolution; Environmental remediation","score_opus":0.015940780849618495,"score_gpt":0.28499671000638205,"score_spread":0.2690559291567636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417358381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6734386,0.0004266538,0.25780812,0.010321309,0.00025290804,0.0028164762,0.00011579457,0.000800412,0.054019716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95438445,0.000031532523,0.04134375,0.000080910395,0.000011623478,0.0009588498,0.00023470567,0.000011617959,0.0029425663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993337,0.000017840171,0.0002051599,0.00019491928,0.00007249915,0.00017590613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838746,0.0005287799,0.00008058779,0.00093826005,0.000043433123,0.000021466683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002535199,0.000100905374,0.00010426631,0.000020474965,0.000391679,0.000030721694,0.00072658056,0.000113232185,0.000048217003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008425201,0.00009241286,0.00005208337,0.00013114788,0.00022353153,0.000093326395,0.00040976738,0.00010364445,0.000024034382],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012174297,0.00004822766,0.00065103354,0.00008279653,0.0000146957755,2.7054828e-8,0.00009007591,0.0002134579,0.9841251,0.00058595673,0.0030362704,0.0111401975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003574376,0.000011956828,0.00026242153,0.00003148241,0.000023283323,4.8704084e-7,0.000090473666,0.012588565,0.95580614,0.0035855032,0.027133822,0.000108440756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007497991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000082337465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28094584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022029047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014808107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37684873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417515874","doi":"10.1016/j.xjon.2025.101567","title":"Reply: Hydrodissection for conduit harvesting: Catch the wave!","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JTCVS Open","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Montreal Heart Institute","funders":"Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal","keywords":"Electrical conduit; Work (physics); Inflow; Current (fluid)","score_opus":0.04913736139697504,"score_gpt":0.3190878948102966,"score_spread":0.26995053341332154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417515874","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41672638,0.000042910386,0.003070121,0.03485217,0.00053010084,0.0036051755,0.00000848811,0.0003327572,0.5408319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83983636,0.000006137248,0.0018541788,0.002407596,0.000017037295,0.00040764827,0.000009432123,0.000008661598,0.15545297],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931794,0.000026849353,0.00015426871,0.0002648091,0.000091166374,0.00014494665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933887,0.000112660455,0.000063697145,0.00046013462,0.00000763468,0.000016990973],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004359486,0.00007532897,0.0000918803,0.000018269242,0.00028574833,0.00015289716,0.00061837333,0.000046988745,0.00059343956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028591458,0.00005283936,0.0000279843,0.00025014326,0.000116120544,0.00026127652,0.00048406507,0.000081863196,0.00014970657],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009297449,0.000105669395,0.008147635,0.000031715335,0.00004069602,0.000002759017,0.00076918054,0.0011390994,0.061412215,0.022405062,0.8265779,0.07927509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003472472,0.000050594066,0.0087221395,0.000013314521,0.000014304914,0.000003496432,0.00033231347,0.0026077158,0.09798225,0.0121034235,0.87770087,0.00012234159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022609686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00056064985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42310995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007936328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016260887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6497747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W591984257","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2015.038","title":"Current status of the rotating belt filtration (RBF) technology for municipal wastewater treatment","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Practice & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trojan Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Total suspended solids; Suspended solids; Effluent; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Wastewater; Clogging; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Settling; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Aeration; Volatile suspended solids; Waste management; Biofilter; Engineering; Chemical oxygen demand; Activated sludge; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04137051210722311,"score_gpt":0.3154832510863598,"score_spread":0.2741127389791367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W591984257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816756,0.0002564998,0.00048218027,0.014499936,0.00033926702,0.0011839058,0.000014287215,0.0004322395,0.0011160545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98539627,0.00011209677,0.013518854,0.000054757944,0.000018892717,0.0005153279,0.000020687596,0.000025688381,0.00033745475],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807036,0.000091226626,0.00047217685,0.00044108476,0.0002669037,0.0006582547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985138,0.00009989988,0.00032448294,0.0009327386,0.00007232563,0.000056712743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036219796,0.00023364277,0.00027114165,0.00022905169,0.00017853225,0.000022309403,0.0006233992,0.00032761425,0.000082813625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011760037,0.00013891494,0.00006821491,0.00053110137,0.00064551044,0.00041961795,0.00056041207,0.00029156578,0.00014973669],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004664554,0.001435136,0.037311252,0.00006569371,0.00019730222,0.000012400214,0.008460275,0.0050513046,0.6728294,0.010120242,0.0027908871,0.26125965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084453064,0.000709254,0.00007627131,0.000011964908,0.0000676714,0.000042984866,0.002562054,0.0010509356,0.71637243,0.008092782,0.26999763,0.0001714932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026391566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024212881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26720673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037017418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004626711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5664787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W617651898","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.013","title":"Enhancing sedimentation by improving flow conditions using parallel retrofit baffles","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment Canada","keywords":"Baffle; Inflow; Sedimentation; Flow (mathematics); Settling; Inlet; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Environmental science; Flow conditions; Mechanics; Geology; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Environmental engineering; Geomorphology; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Sediment","score_opus":0.015860883752657384,"score_gpt":0.24594717114848516,"score_spread":0.2300862873958278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W617651898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677128,0.00023030504,0.028771551,0.0002553772,0.00031304333,0.00032115853,0.000017152779,0.000037571044,0.0023410143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9485336,0.00007721701,0.05028649,0.00019749199,0.000042031505,0.000007132628,0.000014619251,0.000019680627,0.00082177075],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982365,0.00005729028,0.0005464755,0.00021587044,0.0006985455,0.00024536805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913883,0.000019306273,0.00048608662,0.0002076782,0.0000040778905,0.00014403867],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046161038,0.00017359325,0.000187948,0.00010192341,0.00012386283,0.00004753536,0.00028467271,0.000061634855,0.0011791548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018865838,0.00016529084,0.00008122323,0.00012426083,0.0001529917,0.000685806,0.0002657964,0.00015609746,0.00020603034],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010094658,0.00045305095,0.011049248,0.000032542663,0.00016147517,0.00010293776,0.0005681427,0.072844654,0.87641984,0.00010582839,0.024725161,0.013436181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018202038,0.0037645628,0.10910873,0.00038774137,0.0015381557,0.0008211795,0.049740206,0.07488044,0.6579002,0.010095174,0.069913484,0.003648085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001865825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042403035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21851964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009092707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000064123037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997339},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W64442378","doi":"10.2175/106143009x426022","title":"Effects of Total Suspended Solids Loading on Short‐Term Fouling in the Treatment of Secondary Effluent by an Immersed Ultrafiltration Pilot System","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Water Network; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Effluent; Fouling; Suspended solids; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Chromatography; Wastewater; Engineering; Membrane","score_opus":0.03220315564646189,"score_gpt":0.30036435952767765,"score_spread":0.2681612038812158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W64442378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969784,0.000040999552,0.000054657005,0.00014687462,0.000022230248,0.0011666622,0.000004589827,0.000022827517,0.00156273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995701,0.00007898021,0.00006907564,0.000012687327,0.000013603638,0.00009715196,0.00003614471,0.0000109884995,0.00011126708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974261,0.00042329336,0.00038051736,0.00041198643,0.00089990406,0.0004582166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992448,0.00014724789,0.00004910844,0.00049697387,0.0000034340221,0.000058437985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008482044,0.000183634,0.00023799241,0.0001305212,0.00011748913,0.000028162269,0.00032844846,0.0000825312,0.00025216388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008586081,0.000112991496,0.000052987183,0.00012449546,0.0002595695,0.00017824888,0.00004301503,0.00020084965,0.00008278548],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001399263,0.0011696958,0.0021343688,0.000038123795,0.0000100647485,0.000015310548,0.0019590645,0.0019732816,0.9864018,0.00005236505,0.000028626091,0.0060773967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007136443,0.0053889104,0.029239256,0.000027206037,0.000008362047,0.000003842517,0.00063654664,0.0005527229,0.96321166,0.000048414928,0.000059232658,0.00011021216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012743201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009146766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027104888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005959066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005690743,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46076593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6906990737","doi":"10.20381/ruor-31062","title":"Jet-O-mized Eggshell Membrane Powder: A Novel Hydrolysis Strategy to Unlock Gut-Promoting Bioactivities","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydrolysis; Eggshell membrane; Eggshell; Period (music); Membrane","score_opus":0.039108584962538974,"score_gpt":0.30877699860085134,"score_spread":0.26966841363831234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6906990737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8549013,0.00022044335,0.00022560422,0.0014185382,0.0006671854,0.0027851395,0.00037256008,0.000032056436,0.13937719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8339604,0.00013440367,0.014747089,0.00014442697,0.000059515212,0.000279722,0.0007946658,0.000069062095,0.14981072],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99496496,0.0002053186,0.0011799637,0.0018746908,0.00082598726,0.0009490652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99739665,0.00036950203,0.0006971999,0.001203768,0.00006937254,0.00026350043],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00081018836,0.000951834,0.0012650602,0.0004682275,0.00065479515,0.0010803866,0.0027442153,0.00088071113,0.039807886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051609526,0.000985222,0.00028645256,0.0016172883,0.00025633245,0.0010648399,0.0010786966,0.0007258692,0.007941667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035909336,0.00048699713,0.00018599788,0.00018021835,0.00026240075,0.000027501543,0.0071185944,0.0062427274,0.7470161,0.00014563666,0.00028880071,0.23768598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015044569,0.00046528957,0.0005883747,0.00065978995,0.00037144637,0.0000125692895,0.017731277,0.007112201,0.95125115,0.0001590553,0.018861316,0.0012830502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006196588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012868498,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23640293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000524619,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034211585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6907492651","doi":"10.22093/wwj.2023.378636.3310","title":"Simultaneous Modeling of Water Purification Process by Direct Osmosis Membrane and Recovery of Osmotic Solution by Ultrafiltration Membrane","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Forward osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Portable water purification; Osmosis; Water treatment; Purified water","score_opus":0.10077467149866794,"score_gpt":0.431631171779723,"score_spread":0.33085650028105507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6907492651","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952017,0.0012612436,0.0011006866,0.0002178333,0.00012360675,0.0006786641,0.00009017341,0.00011122494,0.0012148711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99046016,0.008830111,0.00015760744,0.00003150402,0.000013395149,0.000049792703,0.00011957334,0.00003818152,0.0002996617],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968975,0.00019244704,0.0011287687,0.0005524346,0.0008601633,0.0003686707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821967,0.0003320384,0.0007694881,0.00043922695,0.00012727168,0.00011230585],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012549048,0.00029233776,0.0006579733,0.00041632433,0.00020224183,0.00021865166,0.0012453687,0.00019270126,0.0019589525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058085006,0.0002503589,0.00009857668,0.0011155412,0.00028527607,0.002350874,0.0003326161,0.00022113677,0.000022316925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013059143,0.00013694403,0.00506594,0.00020128662,0.00005296924,0.0000017109128,0.0002828994,0.09959722,0.8876646,0.0000022535676,0.002454092,0.0044094534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031376927,0.000028255188,0.0014820679,0.00013415226,0.00006566188,0.0000046369237,0.00014664099,0.054894485,0.9414828,0.0010331123,0.00013692654,0.00027753852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00085083523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025974075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053818118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009709834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026497524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920492368","doi":"10.60692/nkkqd-awf03","title":"Desalination at ambient temperature and pressure by a novel class of biporous anisotropic membrane","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Membrane distillation; Membrane; Water vapor; Evaporation; Vapor pressure; Flux (metallurgy); Vapour pressure of water; Bubble","score_opus":0.012202636246895208,"score_gpt":0.18715147991183112,"score_spread":0.1749488436649359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920492368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973129,0.000010326396,0.00059595186,0.00009142805,0.00011078248,0.00042637164,0.00029228805,0.00015325432,0.0010067065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988761,3.9360418e-7,0.00019115186,0.00007967336,0.000004609253,0.000095544754,0.000050564937,0.0000064563883,0.00069548585],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879104,0.000046251836,0.00040311491,0.0001576308,0.000459533,0.00014242606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993515,0.000005233696,0.00032472506,0.0002597784,0.000020401823,0.0000383575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021628827,0.00012361693,0.0001588527,0.00009079964,0.00024782112,0.00004059298,0.00017747359,0.000077856865,0.00024190947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012504948,0.000109860885,0.000027920438,0.0002492703,0.00006866772,0.0004373251,0.00031932734,0.00009691698,0.000069238136],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005981459,0.000078374105,0.48832005,0.00223101,0.00024234035,0.0000064820215,0.19623768,0.0623003,0.23151882,0.0028054889,0.014402009,0.0012593018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0073936367,0.00089441275,0.17263271,0.00011042077,0.00019017603,0.00048409024,0.04876344,0.05113431,0.6481785,0.0000074268924,0.068821326,0.0013895486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000241242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.9987905e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41665968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001931043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065591266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4479997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920527482","doi":"10.60692/zjwfk-43q34","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Organic solvent","score_opus":0.03753600602202273,"score_gpt":0.23023034639370868,"score_spread":0.19269434037168595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920527482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601984,0.00062482693,0.01095534,0.0029084226,0.0012640742,0.010224946,0.0005207238,0.0005634378,0.0127398055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974637,0.000033790984,0.00009214336,0.00017547894,0.000013633354,0.0013749534,0.00004148637,0.000006268668,0.0007985378],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987409,0.000055503213,0.00051840796,0.0001312432,0.00039637994,0.00015757876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993241,0.000017603787,0.0001742026,0.00044468668,0.000019715748,0.000019685836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003934641,0.00012972711,0.00018809279,0.000050998555,0.00033525363,0.00002484495,0.00022561908,0.00002793059,0.00022711161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007136786,0.000070526774,0.00009886503,0.00013250604,0.000043981374,0.00022519074,0.000045771736,0.000032617445,0.00016109421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004259779,0.00038675882,0.03898191,0.034605194,0.001052274,0.000014156609,0.52409524,0.2751614,0.005602426,0.004884975,0.04540963,0.065546244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024954572,0.0017419859,0.0033137759,0.0007053176,0.00031047894,0.000035229863,0.036766894,0.008175443,0.5719356,0.000018356839,0.37365985,0.0008416348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038256658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.173855e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5663332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028289398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005341501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28759983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920654200","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.11097227","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Water treatment; Permeation","score_opus":0.03481242496045464,"score_gpt":0.27061855960863995,"score_spread":0.2358061346481853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920654200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9700516,0.000022314187,0.00010389909,0.00071802875,0.00010133763,0.0013060602,0.000020165084,0.000011280692,0.027665315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93826634,0.000004585697,0.013241303,0.000059374644,0.000018758637,0.00013365594,0.000071658535,0.000019361358,0.04818499],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989016,0.000027840862,0.00022730157,0.00043283522,0.00014399597,0.00026641143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994573,0.000039116232,0.00007523683,0.0003767178,0.0000058715173,0.00004572872],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015794039,0.00017618752,0.00020727968,0.000030812906,0.00016273018,0.00016359641,0.00046031494,0.00007891648,0.009871775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059693543,0.00011370187,0.00005930548,0.000080304955,0.00009321723,0.0006604863,0.00034783492,0.00003947263,0.0049960627],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054450255,0.000048874754,0.003149119,0.000006152676,0.000020676278,0.0000020136215,0.00043169296,0.0022389237,0.9758526,0.00003313348,0.00013743612,0.018024899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061869796,0.00021785934,0.00012940931,0.0000103931425,0.00001623405,0.0000047807994,0.00018002777,0.0013571046,0.96294737,0.00007086668,0.03425016,0.00019710988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022859471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001530944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03411272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009934905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010071714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6920722736","doi":"10.60692/k3ms8-jg734","title":"One-step synthesis of zwitterionic graphene oxide nanohybrid: Application to polysulfone tight ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Hydroxide; Oxide","score_opus":0.018370590207765457,"score_gpt":0.1936918336980418,"score_spread":0.17532124349027634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6920722736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9361421,0.0000014817854,0.056149565,0.0007104684,0.00005803797,0.0010330261,0.0000876309,0.00047426025,0.0053434623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959722,4.842912e-7,0.0032247845,0.00041050307,0.000022349886,0.00026322162,0.00002757671,0.000015094367,0.000063768624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791694,0.00006294805,0.000890888,0.00029641256,0.0005803248,0.00025248862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877584,0.00001763665,0.0004888388,0.00051988754,0.0000467894,0.00015101122],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002578325,0.00022021074,0.0003396928,0.00017199748,0.00012185455,0.000075132324,0.00039175895,0.00013318652,0.00033021346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078094425,0.00021120934,0.000093181734,0.0007712869,0.00007390973,0.0008852138,0.00010386137,0.000088589004,0.0055478606],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022094192,0.00011665122,0.12869471,0.0050442345,0.00064165547,0.000009643944,0.13946515,0.083591715,0.57183766,0.0026397605,0.004921946,0.06082748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006420835,0.00010207812,0.035849337,0.000103211336,0.00006286793,0.000011422151,0.002760307,0.0057177367,0.95260924,0.0000021168446,0.0016956193,0.00044396624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050304072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014430673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3807716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012948648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014573428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99522644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6923777563","doi":"10.14288/1.0442034","title":"Chemical cleaning protocols for passive gravity driven membrane filtration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sodium hypochlorite; Filtration (mathematics); Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Cleaning agent; Membrane; Chemical agents","score_opus":0.011916896242011938,"score_gpt":0.21427250858118113,"score_spread":0.20235561233916918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6923777563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881953,0.000007984476,0.0050853677,0.00022072603,0.000058371814,0.0039968085,0.00010874873,0.00030543035,0.0020212666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958298,0.000007590012,0.0031296518,0.00001815072,0.00001687017,0.00007557567,0.000029593835,0.000011026806,0.000881699],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990976,0.000021264907,0.00010934353,0.00038196598,0.00020883742,0.00018102516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996099,0.000058965226,0.000065566295,0.00018893943,0.00002326118,0.000053390264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011517558,0.000040874922,0.00015401481,0.000021436577,0.0001480291,0.00011155016,0.0002930057,0.00011983094,0.00045879302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005460287,0.00013032378,0.00009642789,0.00024747313,0.00030475328,0.0004386476,0.00013162466,0.000112566326,0.00007457949],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025326428,0.00011733288,0.002082908,0.0003019035,0.00003858267,0.00007302892,0.00035862724,0.00018968475,0.2150905,0.000047612197,0.02922772,0.7524468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031219118,0.00058675685,0.9093495,0.0010383149,0.00016152937,0.00016894322,0.0031101666,0.032921657,0.013369316,0.008149169,0.026700018,0.0013227018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065837842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028379668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9072666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012159648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024454817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6924487890","doi":"10.15468/dl.xh2z2o","title":"Occurrence Download","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Global Biodiversity Information Facility","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Download; Matching (statistics); Range (aeronautics); Data set; Confidentiality","score_opus":0.01973491509066134,"score_gpt":0.22674003989001662,"score_spread":0.2070051247993553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6924487890","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00084203214,0.0000076165616,0.000003600042,0.00015164274,0.00032794315,0.0003176,0.9970624,0.0002066804,0.0010804727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000019659765,0.000030378515,0.0000046806776,0.00034562667,5.888812e-7,0.000004691313,0.9995939,1.0071086e-8,4.319119e-7],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99827826,0.00005106207,0.00035657454,0.00026092806,0.0007675795,0.00028560965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998795,0.000011010798,0.00030125453,0.0006685536,0.000062976236,0.00016121248],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034195825,0.00026921218,0.00023712455,0.00005040073,0.00019270284,0.000103274644,0.000840364,0.00041917336,0.012704116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029056982,0.00026693795,0.00008492701,0.0004005587,0.0004122892,0.0012822367,0.0009157176,0.00027353724,0.69219047],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021578027,0.00002246526,0.0012630837,0.000028167731,0.000007755814,0.0000013415944,0.000024686644,0.00007643552,1.2881469e-7,3.1017436e-8,0.99713445,0.001419895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021840398,0.000035566434,0.000081778424,8.022838e-7,0.000021298107,0.0000041689327,0.00009630702,3.2596952e-7,0.000012473289,0.000003863891,0.9992506,0.00027441132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087760366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054472315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67948633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00078319735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063726104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6930915886","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.13336102","title":"+⨳9⨳1⨳-⨳8⨳0⨳9⨳4⨳7⨳7⨳4⨳4⨳0⨳4 GET BACK LOST LOVER AFTER DIVORCE","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Wife; Miracle; MAGIC (telescope); Caster; Mistake; Happening; Front (military); Romance","score_opus":0.01975055865307716,"score_gpt":0.2313433571468357,"score_spread":0.21159279849375856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6930915886","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00012855275,0.00035040305,0.0004475524,0.0005108172,0.00022402011,0.0005591448,0.00041893983,0.0019630396,0.9953975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004490128,0.00024289574,0.00044409678,0.0002475343,0.00020168597,7.968528e-8,0.0006873835,0.009302257,0.98438394],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766886,0.0001594953,0.00027026792,0.00084635033,0.0005901842,0.00046481262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872124,0.000010171898,0.0001381371,0.0009442137,0.000032607542,0.00015363623],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029982414,0.00032323168,0.00023812104,0.00028610753,0.0002836248,0.0006677536,0.0014267954,0.00028730414,0.7355626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001940138,0.00031868514,0.00008962517,0.00061858725,0.0005236241,0.00016607068,0.0032649946,0.00048786864,0.80524105],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017164582,0.00004566966,0.0000022973004,0.00011007481,0.00003669669,0.000034817273,0.00018866721,0.0000110899955,0.0004006742,0.00026896913,0.9897877,0.009096162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016768168,0.00008294655,0.000046008077,0.00009691591,0.000023542343,0.0000491183,0.00006067674,0.00005241438,0.00021484283,0.0003330193,0.99851817,0.00035464144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054640735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004551421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.069678485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025373662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001580316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6949998014","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.4341637","title":"Ovaskella ovaskae Shear & Richart & Wong 2020, new species","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gonopod; Paratype; Holotype; Seta; Taxonomy (biology)","score_opus":0.04108336654708579,"score_gpt":0.22939547957665782,"score_spread":0.18831211302957201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6949998014","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07132524,0.00012841212,0.00914745,0.019951606,0.00015501777,0.0008987472,0.00009101433,0.0040617473,0.89424074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9685231,0.00027087083,0.0025719015,0.0018554397,0.00042835376,6.5925555e-8,0.0006223158,0.0015236973,0.02420425],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830264,0.00013353405,0.000246904,0.00051406777,0.00043624078,0.00036663475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914247,0.000017025473,0.00008527268,0.00042812468,0.0000466027,0.00028048948],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002767329,0.00015829975,0.00015136162,0.000056958546,0.0010900748,0.00045595734,0.0011850175,0.00007264154,0.16103885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063891587,0.00016492295,0.000056659057,0.00085852516,0.00026479593,0.00034718792,0.0018117528,0.00027514965,0.095633104],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003117318,0.00003524921,0.000027142421,0.0000145963095,0.000014750462,0.000012083597,0.0010523591,0.0004337006,0.03285908,0.0010456629,0.92402107,0.04045313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002894986,0.00016180333,0.0017079983,0.000006543751,0.0000071167856,0.00002564802,0.00031670925,0.0004808778,0.005802271,0.0001834551,0.9908342,0.00018392998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024800447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.516444e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89719784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013034552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026255102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9050711},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6957956136","doi":"10.60692/pt5gv-9qj95","title":"Short review on solvent resistance nanofiltration membranes for the treatment of waste water","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Membrane; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Organic solvent","score_opus":0.03753600602202273,"score_gpt":0.23023034639370868,"score_spread":0.19269434037168595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6957956136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601984,0.00062482693,0.01095534,0.0029084226,0.0012640742,0.010224946,0.0005207238,0.0005634378,0.0127398055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974637,0.000033790984,0.00009214336,0.00017547894,0.000013633354,0.0013749534,0.00004148637,0.000006268668,0.0007985378],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987409,0.000055503213,0.00051840796,0.0001312432,0.00039637994,0.00015757876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993241,0.000017603787,0.0001742026,0.00044468668,0.000019715748,0.000019685836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003934641,0.00012972711,0.00018809279,0.000050998555,0.00033525363,0.00002484495,0.00022561908,0.00002793059,0.00022711161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007136786,0.000070526774,0.00009886503,0.00013250604,0.000043981374,0.00022519074,0.000045771736,0.000032617445,0.00016109421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004259779,0.00038675882,0.03898191,0.034605194,0.001052274,0.000014156609,0.52409524,0.2751614,0.005602426,0.004884975,0.04540963,0.065546244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024954572,0.0017419859,0.0033137759,0.0007053176,0.00031047894,0.000035229863,0.036766894,0.008175443,0.5719356,0.000018356839,0.37365985,0.0008416348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038256658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.173855e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5663332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028289398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005341501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28759983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6976583709","doi":"10.60692/6ga0f-kxy32","title":"One-step synthesis of zwitterionic graphene oxide nanohybrid: Application to polysulfone tight ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polysulfone; Membrane; Ultrafiltration (renal); Permeation; Nanocomposite; Graphene; Hydroxide; Oxide","score_opus":0.018370590207765457,"score_gpt":0.1936918336980418,"score_spread":0.17532124349027634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6976583709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9361421,0.0000014817854,0.056149565,0.0007104684,0.00005803797,0.0010330261,0.0000876309,0.00047426025,0.0053434623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959722,4.842912e-7,0.0032247845,0.00041050307,0.000022349886,0.00026322162,0.00002757671,0.000015094367,0.000063768624],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791694,0.00006294805,0.000890888,0.00029641256,0.0005803248,0.00025248862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877584,0.00001763665,0.0004888388,0.00051988754,0.0000467894,0.00015101122],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002578325,0.00022021074,0.0003396928,0.00017199748,0.00012185455,0.000075132324,0.00039175895,0.00013318652,0.00033021346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078094425,0.00021120934,0.000093181734,0.0007712869,0.00007390973,0.0008852138,0.00010386137,0.000088589004,0.0055478606],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022094192,0.00011665122,0.12869471,0.0050442345,0.00064165547,0.000009643944,0.13946515,0.083591715,0.57183766,0.0026397605,0.004921946,0.06082748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006420835,0.00010207812,0.035849337,0.000103211336,0.00006286793,0.000011422151,0.002760307,0.0057177367,0.95260924,0.0000021168446,0.0016956193,0.00044396624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050304072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014430673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3807716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012948648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014573428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99522644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6977199948","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.11097227.v1","title":"Robust Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporating Discrete TiO2 Nanotubes for Water Treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance","keywords":"Membrane; Biofouling; Fouling; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Nanocomposite; Zeta potential; Water treatment; Permeation","score_opus":0.031936622746044994,"score_gpt":0.2403672297967619,"score_spread":0.2084306070507169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6977199948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89480615,0.00033802245,0.000032935513,0.0017754583,0.000319635,0.0046283365,0.06138819,0.0012031739,0.035508092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94863516,0.0000024431483,0.0010534674,0.00022158785,0.000055510816,0.00082815916,0.031468876,0.000042281226,0.01769254],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895954,0.000019692487,0.00019221721,0.00036905927,0.0001675606,0.0002919177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947006,0.00005955285,0.00007208931,0.00034099305,0.00000978979,0.00004751478],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003396559,0.00019298535,0.00017514282,0.000035914716,0.00014354636,0.000063939544,0.00025333485,0.00009941177,0.17150319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032415228,0.00012816297,0.00009046888,0.00008756732,0.000018482628,0.00041146984,0.00017722386,0.0000478272,0.014239775],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005177328,0.000075202195,0.0013967188,0.00018002061,0.000042712567,0.0000060875846,0.00041759296,0.0076788003,0.94310683,0.0000558473,0.043439083,0.003549355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038396136,0.00015844191,0.00020842049,0.00008729625,0.0000072821367,0.0000045504526,0.00004628477,0.0020524291,0.93643886,0.000055530974,0.060332727,0.00022420165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003743824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003171839,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15726341,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010722278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007741741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98652774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6979782121","doi":"","title":"Afghan school principals' leadership practices: Evolving roles that shape schoolteachers’ instructional approaches and achieve students’ learning outcome","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Outcome (game theory); Outcome-based education; Work (physics); Context (archaeology); Afghan; Experiential learning","score_opus":0.10105995440721054,"score_gpt":0.3007316055808383,"score_spread":0.19967165117362773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6979782121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9433784,0.0010303608,3.7810824e-7,0.00013846508,0.00075739576,0.0010901758,0.00008118851,0.0010590501,0.052464582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96859264,0.0003302316,0.0021807747,0.00013729034,0.00007188585,0.00033667727,0.00043729253,0.0002672052,0.027646026],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99231935,0.00069075334,0.0012139252,0.0023556224,0.0023497117,0.0010706139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964205,0.0003993323,0.0017379692,0.0008719506,0.00006642666,0.00050383393],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025958335,0.0012190824,0.0009923247,0.0006111388,0.0016868203,0.00089136825,0.0016130982,0.0014279743,0.0025197195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0050151604,0.0012363823,0.00035233368,0.00083882833,0.0003300316,0.0033026603,0.001022896,0.00566206,0.0021667646],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012977654,0.0014557665,0.2977082,0.005141247,0.0029491398,0.00041958227,0.00091651734,0.0030097826,0.091964245,0.029413916,0.00011766557,0.5656062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060498016,0.0016279261,0.5834724,0.004325421,0.0034091766,0.00074457575,0.12516233,0.004499646,0.082413904,0.037950374,0.13709377,0.013250668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024614276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016400857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55235547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015737514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005559177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982058931","doi":"","title":"Graphene Based Membranes for High Salinity, Produced Water Treatment by Pervaporation Separation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company","keywords":"Pervaporation; Membrane; Produced water; Graphene; Aqueous solution; Membrane technology; Water treatment; Oxide; Wastewater; Hydrolysis","score_opus":0.016485063794956213,"score_gpt":0.23331180053263656,"score_spread":0.21682673673768035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982058931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960426,0.000021175223,0.000053516276,0.0018113101,0.00024068574,0.001271494,0.00014083,0.00031934655,0.00009905075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47207177,0.00016526885,0.0014892848,0.000025542146,0.000031550095,0.000030060073,0.017140275,0.00006503122,0.5089812],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839044,0.0000664911,0.00021608318,0.0006444579,0.00037084232,0.00031169067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991205,0.00004639401,0.00026981198,0.00043810072,0.00006418505,0.000061030078],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019708055,0.0003316013,0.00041510572,0.00020843217,0.0003317438,0.000032059193,0.0003451224,0.00038722792,0.0008181768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020417814,0.00030542945,0.00018085263,0.0002491105,0.00012425671,0.00041740696,0.000046275087,0.000098045726,0.00038202584],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009322114,0.00039808918,0.0006413698,0.00070390385,0.00018700988,0.0000093811595,0.039148554,0.0032325124,0.9194767,0.0000641361,0.03193852,0.0032676132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013031951,0.00058431935,0.0009569967,0.00003811539,0.0002230552,3.3578445e-7,0.017255824,0.0010449875,0.97494555,0.000558006,0.002626266,0.0004633575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024813846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04807362,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52397084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022742109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032868687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999398},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982656156","doi":"","title":"Jacobs-AECOM JV Selected To Upgrade Metro Vancouver's Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Upgrade; Wastewater; Water treatment","score_opus":0.010674758656932246,"score_gpt":0.22896702848116463,"score_spread":0.2182922698242324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982656156","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0033234656,0.00021844634,0.000116741736,0.00055948173,0.0009939517,0.0010417036,0.0003248677,0.0017453509,0.991676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006477385,0.000080687,0.002735667,0.00015648163,0.00008899047,0.00013458317,0.00009029077,0.00027761213,0.9899583],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982301,0.000030333626,0.00024422078,0.00073729747,0.0003583446,0.00039969507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992354,0.000022568833,0.000071678995,0.00055395643,0.0000025573806,0.00011383696],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051651496,0.00043849528,0.0003774784,0.00027111542,0.000037082635,0.000056962577,0.00035053812,0.00031783272,0.07205203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001507303,0.00029298855,0.00008338014,0.00046788575,0.00006779665,0.000042930762,0.00022924885,0.00014901829,0.025415592],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000777887,0.000049347705,0.00022454947,0.000016103448,0.00009030281,0.000028269844,0.0000729492,0.000045350112,0.0011507096,0.00003434669,0.9975142,0.0007660961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021931832,0.00021550879,0.000074786425,0.00003696166,0.000054435175,0.0000033646895,0.00008125229,0.00009591963,0.021844443,0.00015511048,0.97681797,0.00040093763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019400273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.072491854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07055183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004440872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016558703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6982660802","doi":"","title":"Jacobs-AECOM JV Selected To Upgrade Metro Vancouver's Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sewage treatment; Upgrade; Wastewater; Water treatment","score_opus":0.010674758656932246,"score_gpt":0.22896702848116463,"score_spread":0.2182922698242324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6982660802","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0033234656,0.00021844634,0.000116741736,0.00055948173,0.0009939517,0.0010417036,0.0003248677,0.0017453509,0.991676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006477385,0.000080687,0.002735667,0.00015648163,0.00008899047,0.00013458317,0.00009029077,0.00027761213,0.9899583],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982301,0.000030333626,0.00024422078,0.00073729747,0.0003583446,0.00039969507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992354,0.000022568833,0.000071678995,0.00055395643,0.0000025573806,0.00011383696],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051651496,0.00043849528,0.0003774784,0.00027111542,0.000037082635,0.000056962577,0.00035053812,0.00031783272,0.07205203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001507303,0.00029298855,0.00008338014,0.00046788575,0.00006779665,0.000042930762,0.00022924885,0.00014901829,0.025415592],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000777887,0.000049347705,0.00022454947,0.000016103448,0.00009030281,0.000028269844,0.0000729492,0.000045350112,0.0011507096,0.00003434669,0.9975142,0.0007660961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021931832,0.00021550879,0.000074786425,0.00003696166,0.000054435175,0.0000033646895,0.00008125229,0.00009591963,0.021844443,0.00015511048,0.97681797,0.00040093763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019400273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.072491854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07055183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004440872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016558703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6986445750","doi":"","title":"Pilot Study of Engineered Biofiltrations as Pretreatment for Ultrafiltration: Effects on Fouling and Disinfection By-products","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity; Fouling; Effluent; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics); Chlorine; Coagulation; Membrane fouling","score_opus":0.017143421123621716,"score_gpt":0.2580681275502742,"score_spread":0.24092470642665248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6986445750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98746085,0.00016037475,0.00013293931,0.000084886626,0.00017914273,0.0016137086,0.000022697252,0.000074883304,0.0102705415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948141,0.00010005033,0.00069782056,0.0000020624823,0.000013479782,0.0000082482575,0.0002474314,0.000013390759,0.0041034105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906564,0.000043792043,0.000121203324,0.00036796488,0.00028294974,0.000118431104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992442,0.00009934238,0.0002632033,0.00028523215,0.000056920377,0.00005109832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011681997,0.00019031885,0.0002759053,0.00004423078,0.00014494908,0.000010525104,0.00015108101,0.000094774114,0.000498858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012962866,0.00022010827,0.000034119705,0.00009323322,0.00005388501,0.0003031803,0.000022823473,0.00007332247,0.000008453853],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003269513,0.0053193485,0.0024261328,0.0012313614,0.0007296411,0.000007417937,0.0591042,0.0026186698,0.82225645,0.0005673999,0.013628104,0.088841766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010906705,0.07672484,0.33376336,0.0004404878,0.0016351626,0.000005749678,0.13448778,0.0015579889,0.43743548,0.0003891457,0.0009231053,0.0017302067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.031734325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0468624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38482097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030615283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029346236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97471344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6993189234","doi":"","title":"Nouvelle conception d'intégration des fibres creuses d'une membrane aux boues activées (BRM) dans le traitement des eaux usées de l'industrie des pâtes et papiers.","year":2006,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"EspaceINRS (National Institute for Scientific Research (Canada))","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Water circulation; Fresh water","score_opus":0.05791732889023731,"score_gpt":0.33089083435455513,"score_spread":0.2729735054643178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6993189234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96838015,0.0008177584,0.007709565,0.00948427,0.0015640749,0.0027971917,0.002061297,0.00017749288,0.0070081926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.947677,0.00041027254,0.012033973,0.00007436835,0.00022564075,0.0009772626,0.00721729,0.000082763465,0.031301387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9892286,0.00071269076,0.0011899582,0.0017957345,0.0051953965,0.0018775966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951654,0.0010255841,0.0006081206,0.00069002574,0.0020144263,0.0004964333],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004466827,0.0008416862,0.0006482636,0.000834125,0.009223661,0.0017002175,0.0016469738,0.0006866396,0.0008320569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043736324,0.00088095263,0.0002453225,0.0028667436,0.010673274,0.0032147325,0.00028375452,0.0010413371,0.000040975283],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039247455,0.000788437,0.0034954054,0.0010998248,0.00030211534,0.00003619966,0.007425188,0.2449495,0.5608968,0.082603976,0.07876945,0.019240621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010834362,0.00032927163,0.049313545,0.0006347972,0.0000700321,0.000015187507,0.025475493,0.009460326,0.75065076,0.014847927,0.14705466,0.0010645359],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8884509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9991438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23548917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008272796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.017964572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99936414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6998937144","doi":"","title":"Building Leaders In Sustainability At McGill","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"","score_opus":0.019814741872686188,"score_gpt":0.2718335218889244,"score_spread":0.25201878001623823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6998937144","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009915893,0.000023864188,0.00012151619,0.0019598382,0.000044468306,0.00038492132,0.0000064358624,0.0005932784,0.9958741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.022010535,0.000027727297,0.0050308923,0.00042405268,0.000013458739,0.000028821842,0.0000041617186,0.00013439612,0.972326],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990423,0.000025203393,0.00013633446,0.00041734945,0.00017204227,0.00020680644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959433,0.000018420895,0.0000582411,0.00029020724,9.3967606e-7,0.00003784075],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072136136,0.00014969266,0.00017230734,0.0000650267,0.000025775866,0.0000044360386,0.00028491233,0.00022007617,0.04708727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014196322,0.00013611132,0.00003339317,0.00023706406,0.00026110405,0.000035841087,0.00041739407,0.00015002508,0.0013892569],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004643289,0.00001864555,0.0032340984,0.00006141867,0.000004454695,0.000017641229,0.000038755155,0.00017453362,0.0008301533,0.0015747553,0.9888101,0.005230786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009650073,0.000013224341,0.00038151108,0.0000073882966,0.0000020837613,7.505998e-7,0.00018520092,0.0000773645,0.0026241052,0.00101997,0.99540985,0.00018207985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016657567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035808184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045698013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006776356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053576223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999360642","doi":"","title":"Comparison of CTA and TFC FO-membranes for water recovery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Fouling; Osmosis; Osmotic pressure; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Reverse osmosis; Water treatment; Cellulose triacetate","score_opus":0.011609318260139596,"score_gpt":0.246714437475703,"score_spread":0.23510511921556343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999360642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85552144,0.00036920514,0.00021323567,0.00012837513,0.00036596166,0.00061876007,0.00014818247,0.00015582949,0.14247899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8790811,0.00012052023,0.00085249945,0.000017316313,0.000040732815,0.000007942188,0.0006459994,0.00006832489,0.11916558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997414,0.000058972484,0.0003904629,0.0008912857,0.0005209612,0.00072434446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99804574,0.00024294024,0.0006040169,0.0007737111,0.000076648204,0.00025694165],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014630894,0.00055950327,0.00075019675,0.00036060254,0.00086567784,0.0002444997,0.0011389428,0.00071636884,0.00026524672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000951055,0.00060577225,0.00035171278,0.000121658,0.00069632306,0.001930381,0.00032382703,0.0003834635,0.000083321655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.010281985,0.0020542543,0.1079846,0.00661443,0.0027371373,0.00166142,0.052256297,0.0065086926,0.5144658,0.002876644,0.18666302,0.105895706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008620041,0.004200298,0.0761383,0.0011102502,0.0028045776,0.0004074276,0.16240296,0.0043054987,0.484779,0.015107359,0.23381582,0.0063084746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014231936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016162556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.110146664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00087104115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013430369,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999381325","doi":"","title":"Contact Outlook 365 mail?=☏+1-844 775 6411? microsoft Outlook 365 mail contact help desk phone number","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Phone; Electronic mail; Helpline; The Internet; Desk","score_opus":0.010997759915262363,"score_gpt":0.2503431741199382,"score_spread":0.23934541420467587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999381325","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0060968767,0.000010504276,0.0022735887,0.00037305662,0.0016340555,0.0027085547,0.00030584115,0.0017173411,0.9848802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.029168528,0.0006510569,0.0027502503,0.0004416949,0.00026546547,0.00066398265,0.000107725245,0.0007701513,0.9651812],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9895694,0.0007976102,0.0014792028,0.005109572,0.0013951451,0.0016490563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98916173,0.0007020089,0.0014277487,0.00805659,0.00006460616,0.0005872955],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030466807,0.0015317611,0.0016460067,0.0003208245,0.00033191894,0.0003158392,0.004084602,0.0017892241,0.96165293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019271558,0.0014720759,0.00063788035,0.00037101854,0.00096918567,0.0005680829,0.0046856184,0.0013568772,0.9824303],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020683646,0.00045522148,0.030490682,0.00018222886,0.0004337865,0.0001274396,0.00039895,0.000033556367,0.06710967,0.00055625633,0.88570213,0.014303244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018920762,0.000005503793,0.0045100753,0.000404258,0.00017045565,0.000096799,0.00014848274,0.000029858194,0.06321502,0.0014984828,0.926267,0.0017619656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021462515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001033116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04056489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013822429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019449832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997431},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999558711","doi":"","title":"Desarrollo de membranas poliméricas con propiedades Antifouling","year":2010,"lang":"es","type":"dissertation","venue":"e-Archivo (Carlos III University of Madrid)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Polymeric membrane; Fouling; Desalination","score_opus":0.012952962668078133,"score_gpt":0.2341495313268722,"score_spread":0.22119656865879406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999558711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9668014,0.000113304704,0.00085685815,0.0003845756,0.00036002166,0.00092355366,0.00015132249,0.00029827858,0.030110667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98060155,0.0010419134,0.0077914963,0.000044159984,0.000067218454,0.0000019329336,0.0002636553,0.00006450326,0.0101235695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964865,0.00021493775,0.000532421,0.001040317,0.00088508386,0.0008407273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997567,0.0002254681,0.0008701242,0.0009741727,0.000074950716,0.00028825793],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004459663,0.0006489698,0.00088164693,0.0005355327,0.0007990261,0.00008610034,0.0019343697,0.00091522094,0.0028543402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018295302,0.0007764546,0.00042121872,0.00057233754,0.0014058436,0.0004748631,0.00038722614,0.0014191163,0.0005375988],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000958341,0.00050932163,0.015689226,0.0009089902,0.0003281543,0.00018212583,0.012270187,0.0007323602,0.94834185,0.0019512986,0.00158993,0.016538238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040482916,0.00076766365,0.15493874,0.0010841814,0.0008767876,0.00006395219,0.034031462,0.00413143,0.7758822,0.0019434692,0.019731702,0.0025001357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0066638123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034613097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17245965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029373157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028134036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7006298649","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER MIDSTREAM AND INFRASTRUCTURE LTD. ANNOUNCES SECOND QUARTER 2024 RESULTS AND OPERATIONAL UPDATE","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Midstream; Quarter (Canadian coin); Tidewater; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.004840165532032772,"score_gpt":0.21928409067752488,"score_spread":0.21444392514549213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7006298649","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0044043446,0.0005660886,0.000012599176,0.001769252,0.00027682088,0.0002486933,0.00043551708,0.00026536293,0.9920213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004786907,0.00015710357,0.0020286785,0.0003999768,0.00007976761,0.000015507361,0.000109105225,0.00007568662,0.99234724],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988438,0.000017896036,0.00020193882,0.00057601946,0.00019846481,0.0001619036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963653,0.000011924803,0.000055456778,0.0002417027,0.0000031537522,0.000051218874],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000856149,0.00024768096,0.0001821785,0.000096551994,0.00003743895,0.00017059175,0.00013723275,0.00028493677,0.05515101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010892256,0.0001715674,0.00001965324,0.00008907501,0.00033124536,0.00012869189,0.00022881645,0.00019959855,0.0022869878],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005629073,0.0000034189927,0.00025994296,0.000032490218,0.000021270756,0.000006372609,0.000085696585,0.0000029751338,0.00050926185,0.00016979301,0.99814314,0.000759994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016720845,0.00003735457,0.0005585432,0.00003161446,0.000013832592,0.000029824036,0.00010434501,0.00008257268,0.00086964556,0.0015477476,0.9963154,0.00024191731],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115703275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013807599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052864026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024526873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008118633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99848986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015701791","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER RENEWABLES LTD. ANNOUNCES FIRST QUARTER 2023 RESULTS &amp;amp; OPERATIONAL UPDATE","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Tidewater; Renewable energy; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.02194379061055828,"score_gpt":0.2568537212166925,"score_spread":0.2349099306061342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015701791","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019301128,0.00006246897,0.00029982033,0.0061980807,0.0005162398,0.0003984279,0.00052891485,0.0022051486,0.9895979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00013958791,0.000372123,0.005090078,0.00036872245,0.00015698351,0.0000688872,0.0008417135,0.00028394512,0.992678],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977908,0.000041466425,0.00043042566,0.00077578495,0.0005815361,0.0003799795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988461,0.00006321016,0.00017787261,0.0008325529,0.00000979032,0.000070462396],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028164574,0.00036121916,0.00029602792,0.00016984263,0.00016336891,0.00014110288,0.0006298634,0.0004089536,0.08489094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011929334,0.00027873548,0.00007847197,0.00034468257,0.0003045921,0.00020589662,0.0003222337,0.00014400638,0.106743336],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011548075,0.00002003493,0.0001300237,0.000009532539,0.000024465731,0.0000036634758,0.00004440839,0.0005223583,0.0002598708,0.00007594755,0.99869245,0.00020571979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022054183,0.000014910482,0.000117420685,0.00004207987,0.000009426625,0.0000037821198,0.00003210852,0.0000382927,0.00049625855,0.00030062895,0.99833435,0.0003902261],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051141134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2463188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2412047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010828264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016103235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7017867570","doi":"","title":"Cleaning strategies for reverse osmosis membranes processing swine wastewater","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Wastewater; Membrane; Membrane technology; Microfiltration; Diafiltration","score_opus":0.0290792603723158,"score_gpt":0.2477299235827917,"score_spread":0.21865066321047588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7017867570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9526447,0.00004360819,0.0026356091,0.00039249804,0.0000315696,0.0006193315,0.00024374026,0.00010732835,0.043281596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9774822,0.000039455557,0.00545887,0.0000130231765,0.000026005022,3.6988837e-7,0.000027508591,0.000032766806,0.016919795],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969728,0.00027809935,0.00027361925,0.0006978278,0.0010887651,0.0006889136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828637,0.00024627158,0.00040431618,0.00062111433,0.00023465314,0.00020728221],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001730526,0.00028607502,0.00049971184,0.00039091607,0.00088581716,0.000048358488,0.0013990751,0.000306145,0.012199888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014788078,0.00033677908,0.00026771292,0.00073541846,0.0020152705,0.0005569649,0.0007581652,0.00041086122,0.0014317128],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.010479145,0.0023971435,0.11180544,0.0057523237,0.0015116663,0.00066450867,0.25079983,0.011544856,0.43552732,0.004399896,0.0571534,0.10796444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032190122,0.00055525,0.0012025977,0.00032665595,0.00019055854,0.000016161108,0.9521564,0.00642277,0.0043712114,0.0035644914,0.027109236,0.00086563325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002974961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024377315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7013566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098969336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011544029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7018755349","doi":"","title":"Economics of Sea Water Desalination with Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Other Energy Sources: The EURODESAL Project","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Fossil fuel; Coal; Natural gas; Energy source; Nuclear reactor","score_opus":0.04485950859535463,"score_gpt":0.25754477899194433,"score_spread":0.2126852703965897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7018755349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947949,0.000028311211,0.000036032052,0.0008588529,0.000008952437,0.00030104624,0.000024101344,0.00003331569,0.0039145127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998108,0.000106587155,0.00058971695,0.000020068162,0.000008418277,8.7363753e-7,0.000010423139,0.000013263449,0.0011426274],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987565,0.00016841409,0.00013177484,0.00035832365,0.00032566444,0.00025927712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925625,0.000067320194,0.00010583253,0.00042818612,0.00011052957,0.00003190514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006741145,0.00010375255,0.00014715939,0.00020586443,0.00023874168,0.000018505832,0.00047756018,0.000057738078,0.00031140834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095410294,0.000071144204,0.00001916009,0.0006130772,0.001956967,0.00033898477,0.00042855213,0.0001981627,0.000039704],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020059615,0.0021072668,0.16464877,0.00046539409,0.0007409317,0.000094866264,0.18255441,0.003155043,0.44151312,0.015097624,0.07355116,0.11406546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018612843,0.0017250571,0.028035073,0.00006372627,0.00003390016,0.000057980964,0.01809326,0.0027996541,0.39340812,0.00080049847,0.5524501,0.0006713343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039780634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005237078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47889894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001056292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019092526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7210526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7027414639","doi":"","title":"Connor, Clark &amp;amp; Lunn Infrastructure Ltd. completó la adquisición de una participación del 80% en un parque eólico de 297 megavatios (MW) en Alberta, Canadá, a EDP Renováveis, S.A. (ENXTLS:EDPR) por un valor empresarial de aproximadamente 700 millones de dólares canadienses.","year":2024,"lang":"es","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Resilience (materials science); Metropolitan area; Field (mathematics); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.010348516729340432,"score_gpt":0.2625934270148593,"score_spread":0.2522449102855189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7027414639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8079894,0.0042033005,0.010834953,0.012668322,0.0017214926,0.006496272,0.004132747,0.0020340013,0.14991948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7224199,0.0018895733,0.060595624,0.0063387835,0.0010550705,0.0011540295,0.0010201286,0.0012032178,0.20432368],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99018747,0.0013044061,0.001695218,0.002280909,0.0012418205,0.0032902092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99437606,0.001330716,0.00083889614,0.0021198723,0.00009637221,0.0012380863],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017087843,0.001925099,0.0017172823,0.0007143992,0.0006060337,0.00065306184,0.0025484532,0.0024904858,0.02813585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021016172,0.0018263735,0.0004663683,0.0011739032,0.0017048564,0.0003308046,0.0011010632,0.0022311579,0.0014136491],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004801259,0.0005165073,0.0653269,0.0011321993,0.0028021538,0.0007556014,0.01386083,0.0058389623,0.050048415,0.025979768,0.82559705,0.0076615023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020150042,0.00021013482,0.028841661,0.0006880705,0.0010625778,0.00063858397,0.0016741768,0.002356155,0.018736899,0.014615131,0.9263094,0.0028521966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.47724214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.649064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17182189,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0041123247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002025928,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7028421045","doi":"","title":"Enseigner c'est d'abord préparer. Focus sur un dispositif qui accompagne le développement de la compétence à planifier.","year":2021,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B))","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Context (archaeology); Identity (music)","score_opus":0.01131019583439698,"score_gpt":0.20967767226300085,"score_spread":0.19836747642860386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7028421045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8090097,0.003506229,0.015106431,0.047523845,0.00033747056,0.0013251348,0.00096659566,0.0006359156,0.12158868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9534829,0.003559017,0.0035673757,0.0019854947,0.0001114669,0.000013103847,0.00029727875,0.00014302348,0.036840335],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9934484,0.0011130096,0.0006423166,0.0017926125,0.0009517254,0.0020519698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951544,0.0013420489,0.00061529496,0.0014332967,0.00025312856,0.0012018675],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080454134,0.0012230587,0.0012048492,0.0006749062,0.0029514811,0.00225263,0.003705425,0.0009792511,0.0019981132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031148142,0.0013727652,0.00054127607,0.002845709,0.0035105685,0.002546217,0.007512091,0.0012381156,0.0002755372],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0064391904,0.0018089962,0.05385633,0.0005712453,0.0016123011,0.018415814,0.192474,0.007935727,0.006528271,0.5822965,0.030217303,0.09784435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011097731,0.00061338814,0.09615531,0.00063580053,0.0009945249,0.0027027992,0.032425597,0.0056143706,0.028800903,0.019102773,0.7982815,0.0035753145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004634965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084780244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7680642,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0039593684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010859561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7035880098","doi":"","title":"Alfred Howard and the K23 Orchestra Live at The Kava Lounge on 2006-04-29","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Craft; Kava; Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.005997110004865,"score_gpt":0.17795722561273028,"score_spread":0.17196011560786528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7035880098","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005080249,0.0003375234,3.8406804e-7,0.001310798,0.00012228591,0.00082887436,0.00014610744,0.00018749795,0.9965585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019809888,0.0004521494,0.00021864727,0.0005434329,0.00006510284,0.000040123603,0.000096791344,0.00006865713,0.9965341],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982672,0.00012709097,0.00047348812,0.00025998062,0.0005790347,0.00029323227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846274,0.0002777034,0.00056127965,0.0006278709,0.000018248582,0.00005218318],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037062634,0.0003529146,0.00033723435,0.000033313834,0.00018017685,0.00006791123,0.00056740025,0.00037489648,0.31433702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014622789,0.00021490532,0.000117701675,0.000012467238,0.0012540873,3.7310292e-7,0.0003001875,0.00034574812,0.030490452],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010207254,0.000019114703,0.000007658487,0.00005478328,0.000027469408,0.0000052675887,0.00016867208,0.001177781,8.8990265e-7,0.0000456228,0.9971707,0.0012199938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067523296,0.000089583074,0.000056031935,0.00005669862,0.000041838757,0.000043535456,0.00012582086,0.00004658379,0.000053352338,0.000032927204,0.99853164,0.0002467684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013298865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010605138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2838466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102040525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009691852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99327165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7039490587","doi":"","title":"Mass transport and fouling of novel forward osmosis thin-film composite membranes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Membrane; Fouling; Context (archaeology); Reverse osmosis; Mass transfer; Thin-film composite membrane; Permeability (electromagnetism)","score_opus":0.00670461870801214,"score_gpt":0.1938400263712665,"score_spread":0.18713540766325434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7039490587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85231936,0.00029283122,0.0016281855,0.000095016345,0.00030245678,0.00056491315,0.0002028316,0.0002432544,0.14435114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9430502,0.0001716939,0.0036324586,0.000041678486,0.000024682879,0.000003866973,0.00054364675,0.00009224064,0.052439526],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967479,0.00005982347,0.00048010788,0.0010753116,0.0008816392,0.0007551877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980074,0.00025374917,0.0006411661,0.00068914954,0.00007943416,0.00032907206],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015404027,0.00071515085,0.0008193676,0.0004968997,0.0004579701,0.00012150651,0.0010820025,0.0008038401,0.00022811125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032646243,0.0008819465,0.00042432648,0.0005037116,0.000586647,0.0019315954,0.00022013097,0.0006143589,0.00008602648],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004038339,0.0013872044,0.14968371,0.003853874,0.0022922652,0.0024798368,0.03158974,0.053927723,0.7309693,0.004733889,0.008184712,0.006859398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.020303544,0.0035905433,0.2996464,0.0030738926,0.006744271,0.0013416882,0.36618626,0.054266337,0.19453041,0.005863664,0.031647854,0.012805125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024926467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007434119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5364389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010701404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020083545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993631},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7041804365","doi":"","title":"Jon Rafman","year":2016,"lang":"fr","type":"review","venue":"OpenEdition (OpenEdition)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exposition (narrative); Identity (music); Reel; Order (exchange); Subject (documents)","score_opus":0.031197766563569304,"score_gpt":0.28272816841533155,"score_spread":0.25153040185176223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7041804365","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001328023,0.65574706,0.0056363936,0.07842568,0.01122781,0.0064420253,0.0033060939,0.0012098048,0.23787236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000924032,0.9279251,0.0020628804,0.0088666845,0.0013229161,0.0016622057,0.002303867,0.00017951746,0.054752816],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9917186,0.00085450034,0.0021421544,0.0021531803,0.0017434158,0.0013881752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99495924,0.00062615855,0.0016235692,0.0020674507,0.00014486708,0.0005787466],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013290795,0.0014725203,0.0020554725,0.00044691042,0.0011092575,0.00053951715,0.0024557489,0.0014897439,0.29039377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006169096,0.0012523166,0.00084915495,0.0011968553,0.0016653737,0.018974988,0.0012440472,0.0010291659,0.33776277],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028795672,0.00033282553,0.000019184174,0.0018709749,0.00015265253,0.000101765996,0.000026415117,0.000042950007,0.00038822353,0.10557124,0.119170845,0.7722941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000819671,0.00030667696,0.0008037105,0.0072206208,0.0003276209,0.00021212274,0.000047704052,0.000025536932,0.002053655,0.0037777568,0.982823,0.0015819388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001137986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075038977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8636521,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018034996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027800736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7071689425","doi":"","title":"TIDEWATER RENEWABLES LTD. ANNOUNCES THIRD QUARTER 2023 RESULTS &amp;amp; COMMENCEMENT OF HDRD COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tidewater; Quarter (Canadian coin); Renewable energy; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.037266455279509884,"score_gpt":0.28886814629105034,"score_spread":0.25160169101154045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7071689425","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009259914,0.000044009048,0.00062968006,0.0037389647,0.0004715352,0.0006686841,0.0005874105,0.0010423947,0.9918913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00096476753,0.0003697754,0.0067905094,0.0003333989,0.00008416951,0.00008747078,0.00048519069,0.00018108422,0.99070364],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977943,0.00009355471,0.00064117945,0.00055174076,0.00057681935,0.00034246285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865407,0.00008664824,0.00022016672,0.0009613514,0.000015835727,0.00006194163],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039455233,0.00033559903,0.00042433443,0.00019153843,0.00014001175,0.0000643625,0.00070378627,0.0003486049,0.017530078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010548125,0.00026370023,0.000092201066,0.00039037532,0.00046084257,0.00014412326,0.00039732645,0.00015767683,0.009359897],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015485077,0.000062739746,0.0002634518,0.000016178881,0.000035038604,0.0000010731284,0.00021099445,0.000590188,0.0013322813,0.00010865747,0.996871,0.00049289403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003201398,0.00005663424,0.00021375052,0.000077603516,0.000021468932,0.0000011607572,0.0001897289,0.000039938226,0.0017997418,0.00016988274,0.99677473,0.00033521396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01558914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.30863035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29304123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001039408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019137586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7094999831","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-97689-6_7","title":"Application of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Technology for Sustainable Mining Wastewater Treatment and Energy Generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in civil engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Electricity generation; Wastewater; Effluent; Sewage treatment; Fossil fuel; Leaching (pedology); Osmotic power","score_opus":0.006501942575669992,"score_gpt":0.1980059380145643,"score_spread":0.1915039954388943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7094999831","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0071222764,0.0073351683,0.9528313,0.0012483274,0.00021046595,0.0022649965,0.000052811338,0.0006555784,0.02827902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96463424,0.00029643567,0.012453714,0.000020510355,0.000046363803,0.0004234742,0.00008305683,0.00004797677,0.021994215],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907523,0.000003833759,0.0002571418,0.00038165736,0.00008404789,0.00019808531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994608,0.00009131115,0.000103561695,0.00031126462,0.000017207694,0.000015862472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006676659,0.00024494293,0.00030593603,0.00027969273,0.000037712114,0.000013064992,0.00013051163,0.0004898993,0.000046120243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099020785,0.0002329746,0.000043149546,0.00010360478,0.00005639504,0.000056676025,0.00010706701,0.00010139072,5.7627017e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026612364,0.000025082614,0.00029026333,0.00052174146,0.00013874378,0.000004073122,0.00025284686,0.78587323,0.094181225,0.029394343,0.00020680539,0.08908501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059751637,0.00026535479,0.00001890825,0.00015325919,0.00017025284,0.0000057384923,0.000013637696,0.32031354,0.4470382,0.011633987,0.21921647,0.00057313265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007106161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047705517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95751196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018092115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011749512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95004284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7095007880","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-97689-6_17","title":"Investigation of Carbon Dioxide and Surfactant-Based Cleaning Solutions in Chemically Enhanced Backwash (CEB) with Ceramic Membranes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in civil engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Membrane fouling; Ceramic membrane; Fouling; Ceramic; Carbon dioxide; Titanium dioxide","score_opus":0.008559773760192933,"score_gpt":0.18544584233805445,"score_spread":0.17688606857786152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7095007880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9119238,0.0012386341,0.04326978,0.0004792759,0.00017359354,0.0012183061,0.000026290667,0.0005008512,0.04116942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962475,0.00008536014,0.0033337013,0.000029973713,0.0000088225825,0.000016088356,0.000017723323,0.000035693072,0.00022514015],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875957,0.000010274368,0.00035663825,0.00040294265,0.00022280325,0.00024777852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992707,0.00029070568,0.0001228679,0.00027089132,0.000010792775,0.00003403576],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013918722,0.0003069551,0.0003805789,0.0002588987,0.000020992215,0.000011586872,0.00017588437,0.0003640879,0.00006013551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019776929,0.00030708013,0.000033135802,0.00021612416,0.00016320482,0.00006761763,0.00010108206,0.00053245,0.0000012372062],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001659017,0.0000036558645,0.0010976024,0.00027712237,0.000012066301,0.000004710705,0.00013068534,0.52748877,0.4699789,0.00019093708,0.0000015878247,0.00079739967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064605335,0.000069166956,0.0021983031,0.0019181574,0.00003739981,0.000004180596,0.0000051446814,0.08422927,0.90786856,0.0022810297,0.00009265226,0.0006500684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014079809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44325948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002543506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003834719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7095328032","doi":"","title":"Using Simulation to Engage Police","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Discussion board; Executive summary","score_opus":0.058063662116556246,"score_gpt":0.3370810768769579,"score_spread":0.27901741476040165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7095328032","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8860999,7.2556963e-7,0.039439958,0.0003825951,0.00001556726,0.00010517865,2.1720344e-7,0.00018562892,0.07377025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9623712,2.2530213e-7,0.035744797,0.0010417359,0.0000065311874,5.340309e-7,3.0030955e-7,0.0000019218796,0.0008327734],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996205,0.000010650047,0.00006754365,0.000106931846,0.00009959019,0.00009481219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998046,0.000016557959,0.000013392888,0.00013442883,0.0000017877953,0.00002923227],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000068215435,0.00004118814,0.00003560356,0.000024068539,0.00005889773,0.000012630456,0.00008780259,0.00002724374,0.0016087319],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003430843,0.000036651065,0.00000978664,0.00018095945,0.000013106027,0.00012728927,0.00003378289,0.0000338775,0.0009285488],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029166358,0.0000106634925,0.0006006832,2.8399825e-7,4.4629914e-7,2.9741204e-7,0.00031091622,0.74887544,0.23261258,0.00048279003,0.0006171404,0.016485864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028268364,0.00019914852,0.08770486,0.000005621055,0.0000068219992,0.0000038805792,0.00047227615,0.52802366,0.35431066,0.004514403,0.024023667,0.00045231145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022272459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004111437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22085176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052887597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000012331143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7103175441","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5691033","title":"Hot-Water Desalination using Thermally Stable Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes Reinforced with Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets (gC3N4)","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Thin-film composite membrane; Polyamide; Nanocomposite; Desalination; Thermal stability; Graphitic carbon nitride; Biofouling; Fouling","score_opus":0.009343627848422744,"score_gpt":0.227762760814952,"score_spread":0.21841913296652926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7103175441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793208,0.0025884672,0.009926883,0.0007035777,0.0007083097,0.0019234355,0.000024476753,0.00029518967,0.0045088497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9762586,0.012769054,0.0014866946,0.00017075535,0.00014144914,0.000074304335,0.00006392309,0.000116311276,0.008918917],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98798907,0.0007298961,0.0018746372,0.001549215,0.0019065633,0.005950615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99655277,0.00016235148,0.0014176925,0.0013514212,0.0002597437,0.0002560287],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004292423,0.0014238829,0.0012570191,0.0010601805,0.0015342227,0.00066568,0.0023176009,0.0011149732,0.0004965413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011117333,0.0011079577,0.00048660085,0.0010872224,0.00076208654,0.0011054536,0.0010687067,0.0078047127,0.00006430617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00086224487,0.00010948929,0.0006830118,0.0002590343,0.0008541421,0.000041138705,0.0010625122,0.6845491,0.30590317,0.004177816,0.0000066614357,0.0014916647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030824165,0.0011390473,0.00034783015,0.0012408299,0.001025477,0.0015691359,0.002673836,0.15267223,0.7983494,0.03526264,0.00032376288,0.0023133939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025409637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015159562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53187686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005865442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038245472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7106265042","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113958","title":"Ni-NaY zeolite-modified polyethersulfone membranes for sustainable water treatment: Enhanced flux, contaminant rejection, and life cycle assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cancer Care Nova Scotia; Dalhousie University","funders":"Liverpool John Moores University","keywords":"Microporous material; Zeolite; Membrane; Porosity; Mesoporous material; Thermal stability; Water treatment; Ultrafiltration (renal)","score_opus":0.0070717557534006326,"score_gpt":0.2556493784839745,"score_spread":0.24857762273057388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7106265042","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929707,0.00055788783,0.0009277609,0.00089985284,0.00024613802,0.001399573,0.000034827306,0.00018204444,0.002781208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9671703,0.0005946996,0.0008495529,0.0003409888,0.000038293765,0.00032886807,0.00008810106,0.0000289007,0.030560296],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800813,0.000082074206,0.00050430436,0.00062784547,0.00012958636,0.000648051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993064,0.00005772535,0.00014113744,0.00036038292,0.00004097082,0.00009339818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005518144,0.00033694223,0.00053756725,0.000101865706,0.0005567488,0.00021701188,0.00015250026,0.0001905239,0.0005848762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005532906,0.00024077707,0.00004444715,0.00010395375,0.00031682546,0.0003118565,0.00022533939,0.000052113424,0.000020432833],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020457609,0.00012934899,0.00009078729,0.0002307876,0.00006788173,0.0000114987815,0.00075707067,0.0000422444,0.99223584,0.0016867913,0.0008905216,0.0036526565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001935565,0.000351971,0.0007500702,0.000018846273,0.00008415978,0.00001462916,0.0017714781,0.000026270907,0.9705412,0.0027837534,0.021426233,0.00029584565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025642372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011515435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02777909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025517427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046035017,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9818604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115597313","doi":"10.1002/pat.70475","title":"Cellulose Acetate Ultrafiltration Membranes Engineered With Copper‐Based Metal Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Filtration and Antifouling Performance in Water Treatment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","keywords":"Membrane; Cellulose acetate; Ultrafiltration (renal); Contact angle; Biofouling; Permeation; Filtration (mathematics); Humic acid; Cellulose","score_opus":0.006983991143885816,"score_gpt":0.22925024391941898,"score_spread":0.22226625277553316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115597313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9160107,0.0003207565,0.07967912,0.0012906757,0.00007988558,0.0016896109,0.00001183616,0.00076791906,0.0001495246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9745098,0.00031563194,0.02361576,0.000039638748,0.000003346277,0.0011456861,0.000069987145,0.000022687676,0.00027750587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986046,0.000012058683,0.00030879592,0.0005258942,0.000118089796,0.0004305622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993682,0.00017870912,0.0000903766,0.0003239294,0.000019276276,0.000019547168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000106324675,0.00029826866,0.00032126362,0.00023657692,0.00017494978,0.000040638566,0.000212775,0.0003164237,0.000025305542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013110475,0.00021502527,0.0000490642,0.00041411648,0.00030038186,0.00053621933,0.000039811406,0.00017221608,0.0000037664593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030473174,0.000058305955,0.00044204443,0.000106691194,0.000026743848,4.6091543e-7,0.00013821131,0.01476697,0.9409289,0.00021762295,0.0000031377956,0.04300618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018593599,0.00055400195,0.00016973654,0.00006193886,0.000041304156,0.000001357268,0.0007176541,0.011002677,0.98435163,0.00058189995,0.0003898762,0.00026857975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009351564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011095763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05849908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017444103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020611273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87684757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115820680","doi":"","title":"DEVELOPING INTEGRATED MEMBRANE PROCESSES FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"MacSphere (McMaster University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mitacs; McMaster University","keywords":"Industrial wastewater treatment; Membrane technology; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Membrane; Desalination; Fouling; Sewage treatment","score_opus":0.029975166106587663,"score_gpt":0.2332700971159047,"score_spread":0.20329493100931706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115820680","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12107055,0.00017570643,0.0016474979,0.0008596041,0.0025435216,0.0027302557,0.0001874094,0.0014951364,0.8692903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.010410961,0.0000717404,0.0026909185,0.00004812466,0.000070900955,0.000017873517,0.00083627965,0.00007737617,0.9857758],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983552,0.000037200014,0.00027001006,0.00071198185,0.00024740896,0.00037817366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940395,0.000071578936,0.00018238489,0.00022421424,0.00004630736,0.00007154872],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009415183,0.00040715726,0.00034922018,0.00021286868,0.00017469017,0.00012638836,0.00068255235,0.00060399366,0.04284958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009801313,0.000399977,0.000110786445,0.0012352864,0.000103052385,0.00035059513,0.00016195988,0.00040201424,0.00047831758],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017213833,0.00011672769,0.00073116925,0.0034762851,0.0005495955,0.00015999569,0.0043518036,0.0012169456,0.017735971,0.003748929,0.035000242,0.93119097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068826915,0.00009330834,0.000026223488,0.000404151,0.00017069618,0.0000031580312,0.008332679,0.00010827298,0.07312402,0.00047020632,0.9159543,0.0006247154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016720855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028718638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93056625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058128446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022736342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116151188","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202568000100","title":"Renewable energies powering seawater desalination in Morocco","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Francophone University Association","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Greenhouse gas; Water-energy nexus; Fossil fuel; Sustainability; Water desalination; Sustainable development","score_opus":0.015889527426133514,"score_gpt":0.2633317823543678,"score_spread":0.24744225492823432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116151188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76300603,0.0021095388,0.0005676665,0.0044177715,0.0006550185,0.00017883566,0.0000060261436,0.00006690484,0.22899221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9694371,0.0011746646,0.0010450205,0.000057721365,0.0000114666855,0.000018565017,0.0000048293546,0.000004829406,0.028245797],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986554,0.00008557812,0.00043069592,0.00030311118,0.00024386993,0.00028136236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944246,0.00011094757,0.00013428302,0.00025776174,0.000028623754,0.00002594809],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003477578,0.0001631481,0.00025923224,0.00023560815,0.00005781881,0.00005861727,0.00041297014,0.00018874327,0.0030200782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013743009,0.00016111652,0.000043859454,0.0005351448,0.000548623,0.00040829382,0.00020842068,0.00012716776,0.00010192793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006754753,0.00031046072,0.3360538,0.000407505,0.00006519772,0.0000145226595,0.0010070496,0.0735357,0.2719693,0.22100341,0.008274284,0.087291256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004388674,0.00008936993,0.04831265,0.00042877372,0.00001874633,0.0000012336396,0.0015375613,0.010060711,0.83509135,0.018304514,0.0854689,0.00024734306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009561544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007957978,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56312203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011102831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029868324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116893020","doi":"10.55164/ajstr.v29i1.260629","title":"Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Quality in Babylon Province, Iraq","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"ASEAN Journal of Scientific and Technological Reports","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Water quality; Contamination; Hard water; Nitrate; Total dissolved solids; Alkalinity; Chloride","score_opus":0.029837978661474966,"score_gpt":0.29558382373856057,"score_spread":0.2657458450770856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116893020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962331,0.0008768995,0.00013952075,0.0011806119,0.00027122695,0.0005259842,0.00000445902,0.000031354197,0.0007368245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986141,0.0001753694,0.0009681822,0.00003317725,0.000007874103,0.000006835553,0.000004229487,0.0000049096802,0.00018537689],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.995466,0.00030763505,0.0019617125,0.0008593035,0.0009613851,0.0004439966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978804,0.00015396794,0.0011119511,0.00052919926,0.00022489014,0.00009960936],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011787669,0.0002812425,0.0007172906,0.00048302952,0.00024338721,0.00014174786,0.00039522458,0.0005215299,0.0003190306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022700117,0.00018457789,0.00014530987,0.0008769592,0.0048779165,0.0003818039,0.0008422015,0.00072877994,0.0000034193565],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007679574,0.00043735953,0.069077365,0.00007317429,0.0000336644,0.00013485459,0.00008184951,0.000057531845,0.8306863,0.00067287544,0.00028122962,0.09838703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008486933,0.00027278904,0.059246086,0.00048223423,0.00015992287,0.00029201663,0.00078068505,0.00037689033,0.8884593,0.047631357,0.0011495828,0.00030042903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014491208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017239536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0980866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002469855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001262314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117323422","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.5c01066","title":"Efficient Removal of Ammonium, Heavy Metals, and Scale-Forming Cations from Oilfield Produced Water by Sulfonated Biochar","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing","keywords":"Biochar; Adsorption; Pollutant; Sulfuric acid; Produced water; Heavy metals; Cationic polymerization; Water treatment","score_opus":0.008112382567402432,"score_gpt":0.22324523124331447,"score_spread":0.21513284867591204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117323422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99541044,0.00012959218,0.00015212383,0.0025699153,0.000105694744,0.00025619878,0.000018569131,0.00009168406,0.0012657627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99694896,0.00001744623,0.00068928575,0.0001530082,0.000007748815,0.000024359833,0.000072469586,0.000008925185,0.0020778272],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988506,0.00003215039,0.0002894359,0.00037509316,0.00019093227,0.00026182242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948895,0.000027421327,0.00003830753,0.00039653623,0.000015884754,0.000032910888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019796034,0.00014134993,0.00018258233,0.00006935427,0.00012306466,0.000027328488,0.00022476871,0.000112249785,0.00040623138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032594657,0.00008793441,0.00003175927,0.00013552628,0.0002095773,0.00009055371,0.0003316484,0.00010497303,0.00018449618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031004816,0.000051350104,0.0006783752,0.00001087028,0.000019202482,0.00000183942,0.0005295704,0.00032696454,0.9959276,0.000045000983,0.00099696,0.0013813126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021933438,0.000021169571,0.00056653295,0.000013522967,0.000025931164,0.0000032444825,0.00008734116,0.0003580553,0.9932853,0.00028459058,0.0050132796,0.00012171593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009318929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007833575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040163193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004117392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005606067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4447949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117650539","doi":"10.3390/membranes16010014","title":"Dewatering Hypersaline Na2SO4 and NaCl via Commercial Forward Osmosis Module","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Forward osmosis; Dewatering; Osmosis; Reverse osmosis; Membrane; Water treatment; Filtration (mathematics)","score_opus":0.008964069087268335,"score_gpt":0.2351492627512685,"score_spread":0.22618519366400017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117650539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98665327,0.00014661532,0.0013724694,0.0020566739,0.00016624329,0.00018088748,0.000003699309,0.00024042613,0.009179706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99580276,0.00008761546,0.0015554909,0.00045911022,0.000017121873,0.000026147707,0.0000052203372,0.000010322798,0.0020361808],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991293,0.00002841926,0.00018587052,0.0002885952,0.00014720787,0.0002205821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960774,0.000045402412,0.00003760987,0.00026405553,0.000005665356,0.000039502334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014677801,0.00014141899,0.00017887667,0.00006497487,0.0001792581,0.000041477746,0.00023038071,0.00009309376,0.0005403274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051226874,0.00012666515,0.000035275876,0.00023068751,0.0002102392,0.00017936477,0.0002983831,0.0000901275,0.00015287925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001015161,0.00013357705,0.06357984,0.00024693453,0.000067046596,0.000016397613,0.0007557961,0.0024550592,0.7854947,0.0007183837,0.005514511,0.14091624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008149417,0.00006836142,0.04403365,0.0000377021,0.000049513328,0.000016869351,0.00020477659,0.008022321,0.871516,0.0028440228,0.07196428,0.0004275871],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003682321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022702219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14048867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004601453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004149653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59162056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7124517964","doi":"","title":"New concepts for water treatment with membrane technology: From ideas to large pilot scale tests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Stormwater; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Ultrafiltration (renal); Produced water; Wastewater; Membrane technology; Raw water","score_opus":0.013279866551314592,"score_gpt":0.2320056928684009,"score_spread":0.2187258263170863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7124517964","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32552966,0.000055708537,0.08169088,0.027014254,0.00018066548,0.0020160414,0.00057012547,0.0025715642,0.5603711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09319287,0.000044594235,0.016202956,0.00012774747,0.000036384892,0.0000048402067,0.00025460197,0.00003063971,0.89010537],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985063,0.00003143473,0.00010991367,0.00072908634,0.00018914865,0.00043411425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989603,0.00009227684,0.000042053045,0.0006215401,0.00004867593,0.00023515332],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006407049,0.00023166211,0.00020316245,0.0007848893,0.0005844242,0.000106516345,0.000730319,0.00015355302,0.0016180158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013864696,0.00020841003,0.000075117045,0.0020352046,0.00022621096,0.0011040817,0.00034877568,0.00012846211,0.0006842521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036702628,0.0005628306,0.0046296846,0.000024372392,0.000351313,0.000081702514,0.0015856994,0.00064597605,0.04265853,0.912479,0.030163735,0.006450174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010774769,0.00047113857,0.00038171926,0.00001602203,0.00013316672,0.000003934218,0.0014354803,0.00022539217,0.011664142,0.00068292173,0.9836233,0.00028526565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008279649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004280558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9534596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009887067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115416835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99929464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7124672894","doi":"","title":"Development of a membrane filtration process for concentrating a fava bean extract for plant-based dairy applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Filtration (mathematics); Membrane; Dairy industry; Membrane technology; Mixing (physics); Beverage industry","score_opus":0.028911835178591763,"score_gpt":0.24684626020549233,"score_spread":0.21793442502690058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7124672894","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01491529,0.000020125126,0.7734248,0.0011199901,0.00007900488,0.0024736265,0.00052693853,0.00062718673,0.20681302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3393512,0.00006115146,0.27366745,0.0001881936,0.0001530383,0.0001823748,0.005651471,0.00011832291,0.3806268],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881166,0.000026548732,0.00022036844,0.00048530076,0.00019857493,0.00025753662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990538,0.00026775512,0.0001716608,0.000309273,0.0001008382,0.00009670731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018373471,0.0001601372,0.00016194969,0.00037530364,0.0008410708,0.00007406672,0.00055781676,0.00013663323,0.00017558629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048844813,0.00019646235,0.00010069592,0.0013063421,0.00021731824,0.0008611171,0.00007086691,0.00010646695,0.000014702594],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020038045,0.0005140302,0.00031932295,0.00065195485,0.00017532703,0.0000034821771,0.0022249825,0.0047260383,0.031990852,0.9432321,0.0050592087,0.010902291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005692427,0.000042205487,0.000085882566,0.000027961627,0.00008140222,0.0000014910204,0.0025762203,0.021148177,0.014349497,0.00018343952,0.9607143,0.00022019813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028051922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003368739,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9556551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043408378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034769363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8011502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7125090112","doi":"","title":"New pilot scale concepts for water treatment with membrane technology","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Water treatment; Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration; Desalination; Stormwater; Ultrafiltration (renal); Microfiltration; Produced water; Membrane technology","score_opus":0.014552417525376393,"score_gpt":0.2211325088669459,"score_spread":0.20658009134156952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7125090112","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.060165275,0.000036211775,0.04849807,0.018435374,0.00012411078,0.0010919496,0.00008532593,0.0018147135,0.86974895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.032257743,0.00008092921,0.009544882,0.000041168467,0.000023435265,0.0000025459012,0.000102571474,0.00002105879,0.9579257],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987471,0.00002923934,0.00009765881,0.00060021004,0.000156421,0.00036933468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991845,0.000065117776,0.00004235702,0.0005146732,0.000041562016,0.00015177568],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005759919,0.0002044841,0.00017691706,0.0007697353,0.0005557375,0.00008622507,0.00061819406,0.00014773346,0.0016392438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006762239,0.00017881123,0.00007679394,0.0017632805,0.00043365735,0.0011789448,0.0002222361,0.00012405966,0.00040632937],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017661726,0.0002250188,0.00066154497,0.000024351562,0.00017408423,0.00004023896,0.00054551306,0.00046650224,0.018621061,0.96095484,0.010900057,0.007210189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00095492456,0.0005135898,0.00004867169,0.000009745551,0.00012219738,0.000013384426,0.0012056677,0.00034740206,0.015609382,0.00043207005,0.9805015,0.00024149728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036718705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001163075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9696014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009081942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000118900694,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7125093820","doi":"","title":"Development of a membrane process for the concentration of fava bean extract for plant-based dairy applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Ingredient; Dairy industry; Membrane technology; Mixing (physics); Food products","score_opus":0.02782638745970207,"score_gpt":0.24331045627775652,"score_spread":0.21548406881805446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7125093820","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015407962,0.000050856634,0.8129563,0.0022199682,0.000095963405,0.0031324674,0.0006308536,0.00035685918,0.16514882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6369296,0.0001501435,0.08720706,0.00012301511,0.00009053764,0.000119406934,0.002243445,0.0000767968,0.27306005],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991106,0.000021669845,0.00018993007,0.00031832402,0.00018443605,0.00017507591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895126,0.00038144467,0.00017348312,0.00033481958,0.00010437124,0.00005463932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018463405,0.00011658689,0.00013410723,0.00022071577,0.00060797425,0.0000328984,0.0006499195,0.00009794612,0.00012729429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003630058,0.000116355965,0.00009359472,0.0011849595,0.0003239944,0.0005099607,0.0000735071,0.00008032233,0.0000065156055],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020787327,0.0004256062,0.0003437739,0.00048568196,0.0002148062,0.0000010291103,0.0018540402,0.0057432367,0.02026093,0.9556794,0.0043901806,0.010393441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044090976,0.00003251865,0.00018635702,0.000017123644,0.00010773595,7.155277e-7,0.0023878994,0.013755803,0.018778957,0.00016392591,0.9639995,0.00012852045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003540853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002506364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9596093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025119315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027416996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47448584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132378275","doi":"","title":"Influence of pressure and temperature on permeate flow while concentrating aronia juice by reverse osmosis","year":2013,"lang":"hr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Repository of the Faculty of Food Technology Osijek","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Permeation; Preservative; High pressure","score_opus":0.0071476495672333305,"score_gpt":0.22372812016993346,"score_spread":0.21658047060270014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132378275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952245,0.0017498584,6.3577863e-7,0.0005662766,0.00017880223,0.0012742365,0.0004974337,0.00012193086,0.00038633612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99588305,0.00024038913,0.00088589225,0.000029581553,0.000009342528,0.000047862814,0.00006922753,0.000036212154,0.0027984432],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99654776,0.00015883146,0.0011643319,0.00088057073,0.0008169471,0.0004315585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99608123,0.00011186048,0.0022464264,0.0012701179,0.00022207569,0.000068272515],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021046025,0.0006028801,0.0010021705,0.00019140828,0.00042252438,0.000027851822,0.0015357995,0.0016529118,0.00004021461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003819551,0.0004875149,0.00020751913,0.00065332034,0.0026269564,0.00028846366,0.0003481278,0.0010636454,0.0000113177975],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079806734,0.00019613767,0.005489464,0.0007546435,0.00036132708,0.0000011671011,0.0016139405,0.0044126785,0.9843099,0.00011238974,0.002089958,0.0005785827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005191719,0.0009904243,0.02639392,0.0012692303,0.00040832168,0.000018588133,0.0029004498,0.00028764384,0.9663267,0.00011588723,0.00037975516,0.00038990405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002977617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031563384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020904457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008802076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007868794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132484459","doi":"","title":"Microscopic characterization of antifouling membrane coated by core-shell star block copolymers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Alberta; Government of Alberta","keywords":"Biofouling; Copolymer; Ultrafiltration (renal); Membrane; Coating; Characterization (materials science); Polymer; Transmission electron microscopy","score_opus":0.009198358768860793,"score_gpt":0.22238867923973435,"score_spread":0.21319032047087355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132484459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912475,0.000013427483,0.0000433225,0.000118630385,0.00013115039,0.00029134107,0.000040151743,0.00010655022,0.008007974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99731845,0.00004680666,0.0003907502,0.00010779427,0.000003653168,0.00000467444,0.00008706482,0.000013665539,0.002027152],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990504,0.00002156326,0.00025006375,0.00025625053,0.00023562863,0.00018613627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994792,0.000023926053,0.0001630095,0.00029376932,0.00000979777,0.000030342928],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009815853,0.000116885865,0.00018031402,0.000038530292,0.000042325002,0.0000131983315,0.00023845742,0.00009510468,0.008066865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020387397,0.00011475569,0.000028465527,0.00025135567,0.00016045381,0.00015299211,0.00009087808,0.00008710829,0.00076562696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014955536,0.000034141394,0.00842808,0.000023202703,0.0000057867996,4.7253056e-7,0.0000724228,0.000028982306,0.9904237,0.000028267315,0.00059679593,0.00034318457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031010507,0.00006281689,0.002261605,0.00001711863,0.0000064480473,0.0000012455893,0.0000629332,0.0013140439,0.99409276,0.000033067216,0.0017184837,0.0001193516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034206456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026709004,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007301238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029986442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008858572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928399},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132894169","doi":"","title":"Optimization of Hydrodynamics in Full-scale Multi-cassette Flat Sheet Membrane Bioreactors using Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling","year":2021,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Porosity; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.024944687698266438,"score_gpt":0.304714805954732,"score_spread":0.2797701182564656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132894169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69673693,0.00017844012,0.3014287,0.00010749158,0.00043078826,0.00068771536,0.000075297416,0.00008869586,0.00026595138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8589973,0.00048343735,0.13540663,0.000019202342,0.000022335838,0.000023483797,0.0045045353,0.000119026634,0.00042407174],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99470407,0.0002553915,0.0017334485,0.001385436,0.0012006223,0.00072100805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99755365,0.00017324758,0.0011243697,0.00079338194,0.00020021106,0.0001551408],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057107117,0.00087337237,0.0011299021,0.0007359762,0.00027423954,0.00012837668,0.000731368,0.0011367797,0.00093761465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024656107,0.001076361,0.00028243315,0.0019223333,0.00034006874,0.0006602179,0.00030710554,0.00081847655,0.000029192184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097985016,0.00023161444,0.0009751958,0.00027763218,0.00004882315,0.000013447171,0.0033580358,0.8562435,0.1384201,0.00004218758,0.00000229175,0.00028920858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010011684,0.000070647075,0.0005105639,0.00046640495,0.00013050772,0.000018754978,0.01400813,0.9714173,0.011457769,0.000039980125,9.835886e-7,0.0008777891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024344898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008434489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16602208,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016380775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029773355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7132938666","doi":"","title":"Coagulation/Flocculation-Ultrafiltration Optimization in Drinking Water Treatment","year":2023,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hudbay Minerals (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coagulation; Fouling; Alum; Water treatment; Natural organic matter; Flocculation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Turbidity","score_opus":0.028731417974259637,"score_gpt":0.31740721821906676,"score_spread":0.2886758002448071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7132938666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834775,0.00006704139,0.00561274,0.0010259264,0.0011673478,0.0024096603,0.0000073565316,0.0006751631,0.005557305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96112394,0.000718135,0.0026404555,0.000041685125,0.00010252139,0.00042228156,0.004965619,0.00013466013,0.029850673],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956031,0.00022229439,0.0011768929,0.0012839898,0.0009039214,0.00080983876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983922,0.00016805205,0.00047067908,0.0007868477,0.00006493569,0.000117287855],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047089928,0.00078928075,0.0006529927,0.0007097167,0.00049606623,0.00025564941,0.00041586242,0.0008890731,0.0064744903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001469191,0.0007155861,0.00018768164,0.0012203765,0.00015932771,0.00096684933,0.000081966784,0.0003702904,0.0036496911],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008136006,0.00015735436,0.0057564024,0.00004731734,0.00003886962,0.000015796852,0.01991207,0.923093,0.046440676,0.00012289199,0.00006919505,0.004265041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020726605,0.00042379115,0.033672072,0.00031544056,0.00017732375,0.000011379316,0.01895245,0.6022705,0.33891976,0.0005830537,0.00095140317,0.0016501755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023457694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0053918157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32082254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016758234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008556137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99952954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7133023709","doi":"","title":"The rejection of endocrine disrupting and pharmaceutically active compounds by membrane filtration","year":2008,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Water Network; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Membrane; Filtration (mathematics); Endocrine system; Function (biology); Bioreactor; Water treatment; Biological activity","score_opus":0.021944864773701816,"score_gpt":0.34027113934229436,"score_spread":0.3183262745685925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7133023709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769158,0.0010760238,0.00024683928,0.0011932756,0.00043573885,0.0010620921,0.000029341541,0.000118915545,0.018922018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9714431,0.016747093,0.00036556425,0.00003382538,0.000038718063,0.00006990978,0.00023692707,0.000039341972,0.011025494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971346,0.00022136992,0.0007205386,0.0006864277,0.0007660296,0.0004710131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99782133,0.0006198997,0.00091706356,0.00045871327,0.000073407806,0.00010956771],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003365608,0.00046341502,0.0004504944,0.00009008511,0.0010807813,0.00009599773,0.0004153564,0.00029347435,0.00045208866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041018415,0.0003921583,0.000104138235,0.00049795373,0.0010200397,0.00039513013,0.0001279678,0.00067637675,0.00005114188],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044974766,0.000113960334,0.00016182655,0.00012135536,0.000077216035,0.000003250911,0.0058986484,0.00014829217,0.9649157,0.00020683433,0.0012520454,0.026651153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065062044,0.0002689908,0.0028429935,0.00007527407,0.0001040748,0.00004921875,0.016642297,0.004076436,0.9665973,0.000066742374,0.0082254,0.00040060605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006514577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003388545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026250547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021473129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053699423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7134616640","doi":"","title":"Study of the influence of ethanol on the transfer mechanisms of proteins : application to ultrafiltration of lysozyme in hydro-alcoholic mixtures","year":2018,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health; Université de Rennes 1; Université Libanaise","keywords":"Organic solvent; Ethanol fermentation; Ultrafiltration (renal); Lysozyme; Pharmaceutical technology","score_opus":0.01692634104504452,"score_gpt":0.25752450945481276,"score_spread":0.24059816840976822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7134616640","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889774,0.000011005928,0.0043180166,0.0018255628,0.000035856912,0.0036737076,0.000016408629,0.000014688279,0.0011273747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999184,0.000010268858,0.00033294453,0.000110530986,0.0000059397235,0.00018920974,5.158613e-7,0.0000088322595,0.00015773445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979835,0.00024271444,0.00070612604,0.0002917418,0.00060642656,0.00016944802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987016,0.00013333891,0.00024342434,0.000838693,0.000059854756,0.000023093004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006429195,0.00015795215,0.00026328544,0.00010256462,0.00005144906,0.000004667561,0.00079198764,0.0001474192,0.00027394804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017742616,0.0000979785,0.00005817567,0.0010408923,0.00070099754,0.00013210507,0.000085154075,0.00014549532,0.000025481533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000490846,0.0007121537,0.0014507803,0.000041070896,0.000014050345,5.699441e-8,0.005994963,0.012994925,0.9599163,0.017264301,0.000013127859,0.0015492215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027346663,0.0013913527,0.060875848,0.000079697755,0.000019619069,5.6608167e-7,0.0016014514,0.00036040874,0.93195873,0.0033413328,0.0000147499595,0.00008275942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037518635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039199623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059425067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051734525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027607995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56717205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W81633600","doi":"10.2175/106143004x151527","title":"A Review of Biofouling and its Control in Membrane Separation Bioreactors","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Extracellular polymeric substance; Backwashing; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Activated sludge; Wastewater; Membrane fouling; Clogging; Membrane technology; Sewage treatment; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Biofilm; Waste management; Environmental science; Fouling; Engineering; Bacteria; Organic chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.08533468199785323,"score_gpt":0.38927345589643647,"score_spread":0.30393877389858326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W81633600","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00043659544,0.9963495,0.000009231616,0.00018775836,0.0000213116,0.0024354672,0.000019116338,0.000025794114,0.00051524054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017106287,0.9974295,0.00007785223,0.000030137775,0.000012567008,0.00034676743,0.000078531724,0.000035482106,0.00027855803],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963655,0.00054502033,0.0009028033,0.0007263102,0.000865898,0.0005944806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900186,0.00014975858,0.00017747213,0.00056739774,0.000006873284,0.00009666498],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025494269,0.00035646523,0.0011790638,0.00035341803,0.00007559302,0.000023304265,0.00051186193,0.00034190595,0.002099978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103036204,0.00023695505,0.00014364142,0.0003756065,0.00043389716,0.0001914638,0.00055500417,0.0006932703,0.0013506475],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003589113,0.00060122757,0.00023059586,0.35005558,0.00015656253,0.000085396954,0.00045548842,0.000280787,0.013734268,0.00016966442,0.0005671392,0.6336274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003776431,0.00012744634,0.00001813168,0.040327165,0.00008789146,0.00001528265,0.00001041713,0.000035289242,0.004290964,0.00009012814,0.95426464,0.00035498914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099718425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008294298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9536975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006694683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033943266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W86277815","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-63283-8.00007-7","title":"Co-Contaminant-Aided Removal of Organics from Produced Water Using Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.015474862622329864,"score_gpt":0.23133533273553963,"score_spread":0.21586047011320977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W86277815","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15093009,0.00007006165,0.00030092563,0.000025572745,0.00027406574,0.00088056177,0.000032765325,0.00015830151,0.84732765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.20669608,0.000046943824,0.0036640775,0.000117156975,0.00015201492,0.000013868141,0.00016021969,0.00011978035,0.78902984],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974597,0.000055563083,0.0008052021,0.00077967276,0.0005596167,0.00034023795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983043,0.000055078777,0.0005309122,0.0009981049,0.000041814157,0.000069777976],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033033898,0.00047844244,0.0006770609,0.00009363826,0.0001265226,0.00003666147,0.00052488374,0.0005540503,0.0024105553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052133277,0.00039546864,0.0001567382,0.000020679916,0.00037139762,0.00008605596,0.00013078138,0.00038101693,0.0009268611],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002359082,0.000006568661,0.000006308388,0.00003214643,0.000034540466,0.000010200208,0.00034522684,0.000021880096,0.79164773,0.00013177533,0.00003931771,0.20770068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002840504,0.00006223718,0.000017993634,0.00013199674,0.000101273596,0.000018947685,0.000015496726,0.000088379034,0.85648537,0.0022670797,0.14008525,0.00044195596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011159865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052517855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20725873,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021346915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035196488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W87244358","doi":"","title":"Comparing Long-Term Anaerobic Digester Performance at Three Facilities","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water environment & technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Mesophile; Environmental science; Waste management; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Digestion (alchemy); Cover (algebra); Biogas; Term (time); Environmental engineering; Engineering; Biology; Ecology; Chemistry; Methane","score_opus":0.017300392651447432,"score_gpt":0.20173921550169227,"score_spread":0.18443882285024485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W87244358","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948319,0.00006971374,0.0010565361,0.0012774384,0.00008263687,0.0003916783,0.000002960145,0.0006670735,0.0016200608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99589634,0.00014313252,0.00096829154,0.00007369067,0.000011317319,0.000121573445,0.000025334304,0.000028935776,0.0027314126],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978963,0.0000134488455,0.0003691679,0.00065723044,0.00033137898,0.0007324754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989159,0.0000069497023,0.00008013423,0.0009315195,0.0000020357072,0.00006345052],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011710354,0.0003329942,0.0003018318,0.00016134378,0.00029722528,0.000027453418,0.00072300556,0.00030750904,0.0032868993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005003449,0.0002613175,0.00006192039,0.00012737501,0.0012059844,0.00032803573,0.001545456,0.0002924171,0.011113209],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020115476,0.000094134586,0.8418882,0.000019145815,0.000019864226,0.000023119503,0.00021525311,0.010731315,0.14380008,0.00012520589,0.000044818466,0.003018739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006980013,0.00021097525,0.33682668,0.000015413922,0.000015028269,0.00006317135,0.000046023088,0.00006390864,0.6541595,0.0013214076,0.0061542806,0.00042560708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043035685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023597023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5103594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00087906775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031072095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W88586190","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10009-0","title":"MD Membrane Modules","year":2011,"lang":"it","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane; Membrane distillation; Concentration polarization; Permeation; Computational fluid dynamics; Capillary action; Materials science; Distilled water; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Mechanics; Desalination; Physics","score_opus":0.025693690950956687,"score_gpt":0.2312817638437048,"score_spread":0.2055880728927481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W88586190","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00097363256,0.0007608318,0.000025558109,0.00012022545,0.0006974982,0.0012025075,0.0000821259,0.0004904812,0.99564713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.025043488,0.0026664473,0.0017631243,0.00041253777,0.00018178963,0.00008631246,0.000027898453,0.0001858487,0.96963257],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99553365,0.00007415976,0.0010805187,0.0014865621,0.00095865934,0.00086642633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99674326,0.00008800196,0.0007021602,0.0021237298,0.000039519447,0.00030333453],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047739752,0.0011266177,0.0010423393,0.00025686048,0.00038582872,0.00010761545,0.0016779546,0.0011677232,0.041118897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006216014,0.0010814848,0.00047225575,0.00004594634,0.0017741104,0.00021641386,0.0010744085,0.0010680887,0.033002786],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031572876,0.000029138902,0.000025249356,0.00010267304,0.00011418863,0.00006565376,0.00036282855,0.000012845301,0.0059792944,0.02562491,0.0003320044,0.96731967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034063225,0.00017333754,0.00012737456,0.0002710655,0.00017376576,0.00004575863,0.000029311228,0.000025274692,0.034642637,0.026419904,0.9365447,0.0012062027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012893849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060318584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96611345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002730042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042975775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W939005630","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.051","title":"Electro-conditioning of activated sludge in a membrane electro-bioreactor for improved dewatering and reduced membrane fouling","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane Science","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane fouling; Bioreactor; Membrane bioreactor; Chemistry; Fouling; Membrane; Activated sludge; Dewatering; Filtration (mathematics); Flocculation; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Wastewater; Chromatography; Membrane reactor; Chemical engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.020997278300023264,"score_gpt":0.2725895615896094,"score_spread":0.25159228328958616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W939005630","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99752456,0.000071330316,0.00046920878,0.0006934196,0.00020088675,0.00043771672,0.000004818495,0.00004147897,0.00055659463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903485,0.000083643354,0.009364409,0.00006427992,0.00004272,0.0000141950795,0.0000023083421,0.00002209894,0.00005782946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99711585,0.00007011129,0.000957296,0.00045704722,0.00073373754,0.00066594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981729,0.0002010147,0.0008735504,0.0003061898,0.00018108624,0.00026528494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030783406,0.00025799623,0.0005697116,0.0005779834,0.00016666816,0.00009816015,0.00081257295,0.00013431301,0.00005858481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016389278,0.00022085432,0.000093963536,0.0014135119,0.00073600106,0.0016981164,0.00017965047,0.00038957092,0.0000036125368],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000322396,0.00006905829,0.00023898129,0.00004024784,0.000012591132,0.0000061863857,0.0005161223,0.0010625221,0.9961967,0.00009150142,0.000028048487,0.0014156632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001893039,0.0006122089,0.00097462867,0.00008408547,0.000024357592,0.00019653587,0.00045170187,0.004026905,0.9907216,0.00057402696,0.00020453153,0.00023638569],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007390952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020517737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008895201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041458674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028644488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9006177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W942005369","doi":"","title":"Carbon Adsorber Fouling: Removal of Ammonium Bisulfate","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University)","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Chemistry; Activated carbon; Carbon fibers; Pulp and paper industry; Ammonium; Environmental science; Waste management; Adsorption; Materials science; Engineering; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.032828927381875615,"score_gpt":0.2448649587027791,"score_spread":0.21203603132090348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W942005369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89633805,0.00007513534,0.00018674869,0.0011283349,0.00026459966,0.00029225892,0.000010797503,0.00032044348,0.10138361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993219,0.000053965843,0.0042268126,0.000120800934,0.000019308633,0.0000013041695,0.000010243173,0.000025417563,0.0023231583],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977199,0.000290113,0.0003804585,0.0004951773,0.00063317205,0.00048118853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998285,0.00009109404,0.0003587498,0.000846035,0.00006714395,0.00035196167],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062112045,0.00026636757,0.0004258259,0.0003855445,0.00017670845,0.00003531103,0.0011171672,0.00021093323,0.00013461825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011933427,0.00029351062,0.00009877409,0.0013987522,0.0004505762,0.00057697226,0.0007421023,0.0005746528,0.0002549916],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0048864754,0.0020243106,0.7959072,0.000273085,0.00037987606,0.0026946797,0.0043816916,0.04034061,0.039174005,0.053534776,0.034756668,0.021646604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042513767,0.0005473509,0.044806648,0.00007367505,0.00009828746,0.00011174171,0.0014141512,0.0070474003,0.030552432,0.0017037034,0.9083837,0.0010095291],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011942842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006167339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.873627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049508386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105786996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W95834116","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-444-53126-1.10015-6","title":"Economics, Energy Analysis and Costs Evaluation in MD","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Process engineering; Capital cost; Membrane distillation; Thermal energy; Energy consumption; Renewable energy; Engineering; Waste management; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Desalination; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0201205905188203,"score_gpt":0.23035248487299367,"score_spread":0.2102318943541734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W95834116","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0033177736,0.0004060632,0.000010070441,0.000018388922,0.000051542527,0.00024183757,0.000008283866,0.000038609596,0.9959074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07084169,0.0013391596,0.00031419707,0.00016912741,0.000023077468,0.00006844648,0.000045161913,0.000034627337,0.9271645],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880844,0.000031471078,0.0003441188,0.00048788692,0.00017197739,0.00015609423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924165,0.000027330407,0.0002139307,0.0004572676,0.000009639094,0.00005016206],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038552828,0.00022933826,0.0003526656,0.00028741604,0.00003984408,0.000023225712,0.00021375722,0.0002845435,0.003483754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016477394,0.00023482773,0.00008935805,0.00003069772,0.0002273545,0.00006841751,0.00020957214,0.00014894387,0.00020258522],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004250565,0.0000030371386,0.00039343617,0.0000021150613,0.00006958994,0.0000016812143,0.000062965184,0.000033648277,0.000027690516,0.0040678713,0.000044501932,0.9952892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040483187,0.000060526254,0.0026451785,0.00004918557,0.0007337093,0.0000045249376,0.000012033876,0.0010019034,0.0015029871,0.08773881,0.90508264,0.0007636382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052084797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0068387613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99452555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003724362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W987808598","doi":"10.1007/s13762-015-0852-8","title":"Efficiency and kinetics in treatment of wastewater from garages and residential oil spills using membrane bioreactor technology","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Golder Associates (Canada); Acadia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Acadia University","keywords":"Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater; Chemistry; Biochemical oxygen demand; Effluent; Biodegradation; Bioreactor; Environmental chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Petroleum; Sewage treatment; Turbidity; Hydrocarbon; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Ecology","score_opus":0.01452364227905001,"score_gpt":0.25673553546283623,"score_spread":0.24221189318378622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W987808598","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978635,0.00057255325,0.000022204822,0.0012343745,0.00012342396,0.000055961897,0.000010839901,0.0000119325,0.000105258645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964938,0.001021633,0.0024307712,0.000012361959,0.0000145802705,0.0000016956424,6.6265846e-7,0.000005161971,0.000019327685],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986691,0.000014734028,0.00037461478,0.0002658547,0.00049660524,0.0001790902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994851,0.000027629301,0.00025905416,0.00013491299,0.000022399754,0.00007095681],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023009718,0.00012731492,0.00021511505,0.0006748003,0.000035291927,0.000027007902,0.00038490878,0.00013007679,0.00005505452],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012395771,0.00010081902,0.000015019395,0.00033608172,0.002850526,0.0003202805,0.000398553,0.00010013421,0.0000031167756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003145501,0.00015260106,0.06859107,0.0000010187458,0.000010864187,0.000047033125,0.00019114045,0.000058702473,0.9041839,0.00007706583,0.000002707465,0.026652433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016006891,0.00094003347,0.028132692,0.00003746859,0.000022446753,0.0005032794,0.0017163364,0.00065507053,0.96288836,0.0026095838,0.0007263684,0.00016765528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011185459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003262833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058704473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002988175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025098478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}